cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Valparaiso University

Valparaiso University is a private university in Valparaiso, Indiana. The university has about 4,061 students. It was founded in 1859. The current president of the university is Mark A. Heckler.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Crusaders. They have 19 varsity teams, 15 of which compete in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC). The other four teams play sports that the MVC does not sponsor, and compete in other leagues. The football team plays in the Pioneer Football League; the men's swimming and tennis teams play in The Summit League; and the women's bowling team is a member of the Southland Bowling League.

Other websites
Valparaiso University's Official website
Valparaiso Crusaders official athletics website

Missouri Valley Conference
Colleges and universities in Indiana
1859 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Indiana
Geotechnical engineering

Geotechnical engineering is an important subset of civil engineering dealing with engineering performance of earth materials. Geotechnical engineering uses principles of soil and rock mechanics to determine:
 subsurface conditions and materials; 
 relevant physical/mechanical and chemical properties of these materials;
 stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits; 
 risks posed by site conditions; 
to design:
 earthworks;
 structure foundations;
and to monitor: 
 site conditions; 
 earthwork and foundation construction.

Foundations built for above-ground structures include shallow and deep foundations. Retaining structures include earth-filled dams and retaining walls.

Notes

Engineering disciplines
subfields of geology
Wright State University

Wright State University is a public university in Dayton, Ohio. The university has about 19,793 students. It was founded in 1967. The current president of the university is David R. Hopkins, P.E.D. . The University is named after the Wright brothers.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Raiders. They have 17 varsity teams and they compete in the Horizon League.

Other websites
Wright State University's Official website
Wright State Raiders' Official athletics website

Horizon League
Colleges and universities in Ohio
1967 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Ohio
Youngstown State University

Youngstown State University is a public university in Youngstown, Ohio. The university has about 15,194 students. It was founded in 1908. The current president of the university is Jim Tressel, better known as a former football coach both at Youngstown State and Ohio State University.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Penguins. They have 16 varsity teams and they compete in the Horizon League and the Missouri Valley Football Conference for football.

Other websites
Youngstown State University's Official website
Youngstown State Penguins' Official athletics website

Horizon League
Missouri Valley Football Conference
Colleges and universities in Ohio
1908 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Ohio
Texas Southern University

Texas Southern University is a public university in Houston, Texas. The university has about 11,550 students. It was founded in 1927. The current president of the university is John Rudley. The university is a historically black university.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Tigers. They have 11 varsity teams and they compete in the Southwestern Athletic Conference.

Other websites
Texas Southern University's Official website
Texas Southern Tigers' Official athletics website 

Colleges and universities in Texas
Houston, Texas
Historically black colleges and universities
1927 establishments in the United States
1920s establishments in Texas
St. Bonaventure University

St. Bonaventure University is a private, Roman Catholic university in Allegany, New York. The university has about 2,500 students. It was founded in 1858. The current president of the university is Sr. Margaret Carney, OSF STD.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Bonnies. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference.

Other websites
St. Bonaventure University's Official website
St. Bonaventure Bonnies' Official athletics website

Atlantic 10 Conference
Colleges and universities in New York
1858 establishments in the United States
1850s establishments in New York (state)
Sacred Heart University

Sacred Heart University is a private, Roman Catholic university in Fairfield, Connecticut. The university has about 6,023 students. It was founded in 1963. The current president of the university is John J. Petillo.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Pioneers. They have 31 varsity teams, most of which compete in the Northeast Conference. The men's ice hockey team competes in Atlantic Hockey.

Other websites
Sacred Heart University's Official website
Sacred Heart Pioneers' Official athletics website 

Northeast Conference
Atlantic Hockey
Colleges and universities in Connecticut
1963 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Connecticut
Fairfield, Connecticut
Denis Leary

Denis Colin Leary (born August 18, 1957 in Worcester, Massachusetts) is an American actor, comedian, producer, singer and writer. He is the star and co-creator of the television show Rescue Me. His career as a comedian has been controversial because he allegedly stole not only material but his entire act from the dead comedian Bill Hicks.

Awards

Filmography

References

Other websites
Denis Leary's Official website 

1957 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Massachusetts
American stand-up comedians
Comedians from Massachusetts
People from Worcester, Massachusetts
Ice Age (movie)

Ice Age is a 2002 American computer animated comedy drama movie. It was produced by John C. Donkin and Lori Forte and was directed by Chris Wedge. The movie was released on March 15, 2002.

The movie was positively welcomed  from both audiences and film critics which praised its story, humor, characters, emotional weight, voice cast performance (especially those of Leguizamo and Leary), David Newman's musical score and the ending.

The movie currently had four sequels, Ice Age 2: The Meltdown in 2006, Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs in 2009, Ice Age 4: Continental Drift in 2012, and Ice Age: Collision Course in 2016. There has also been a Christmas special and a series of short movies revolving around the comic relief character in the movies.

Release dates

Cast 

The characters are all prehistoric animals. The animals can talk to and understand each other.

 Ray Romano as Manny, a woolly mammoth 
 Denis Leary as Diego, a Saber-tooth tiger
 John Leguizamo as Sid, a giant ground sloth
 Chris Wedge as Scrat, a "saber-toothed" squirrel
 Goran Višnjić as Soto, a Saber-tooth tiger
 Jack Black as Zeke, a Saber-tooth tiger
 Diedrich Bader as Oscar, a Saber-tooth tiger
 Alan Tudyk as Lenny, a large cat
 Cedric the Entertainer as Carl, a rhinoceros-like animal 
 Stephen Root as Frank, a rhinoceros-like animal
 Jane Krakowski as Rachel, a female giant ground sloth
 Lorri Bagley as Jennifer, a female giant ground sloth
Additional Voices, Jack Angel, Michael Bell, Bob Bergen, Gregg Berger, Kimberly Brooks, Rodger Bumpass, Darin De Paul, Cam Clarke, David Cowgill, Jennifer Darling, Paul Eiding, Bill Farmer, Sandy Fox, Lex Lang, Marsha Kramer, Sherry Lynn, Danny Mann, David McCharen, Mona Marshall, Paul Pape, Patrick Pinney, Phil Proctor, Peter Renaday, Bobbi Page, Michelle Ruff, Tara Strong, Skip Stellrecht, Russi Taylor, Billy West, Brian Tochi, Ezra Weisz.

Related pages 
 Ice Age: The Meltdown
 Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs
 Ice Age: Continental Drift

Other websites 
Ice Age's Official website
 
 

2002 animated movies
2002 computer-animated movies
2002 comedy movies
American animated movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies about animals
Movies set in prehistory
20th Century Fox movies
Ice Age (franchise)
Movies directed by Chris Wedge
Ice Age: The Meltdown

Ice Age: The Meltdown (also called Ice Age 2: The Meltdown or simply known as Ice Age 2) is an American 2006 animated comedy drama epic movie and is the second film in the Ice Age series. It was produced by Lori Forte and Chris Wedge. It was directed by Carlos Saldanha.

The movie was released on March 31, 2006. Despite receiving mixed reviews from film critics, the film was positively welcomed from audience who praised its animation, humor, characters, emotional weight, soundtrack, action scenes, character development, and the visuals.

This movie is the first sequel to the 2002 movie, Ice Age. The other three sequels are: Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009), Ice Age: Continental Drift (2012), and Ice Age: Collision Course (2016). The first sequel to this movie was even more positively welcomed from audience who often calls it the best Ice Age movie, the second one is called good, but not like the previous films while the fifth is hated by both film critics and audience.

Cast
The characters are all prehistoric animals. The animals can talk to and understand each other.

Ray Romano as Manny, a woolly mammoth 
Denis Leary as Diego, a Saber-tooth tiger
John Leguizamo as Sid, a giant ground sloth
Queen Latifah as Ellie, a woolly mammoth
Seann William Scott as Crash, an opossum
Josh Peck as Eddie, an opossum
Jay Leno as Fast Tony, a giant armadillo
Tom Fahn as Stu, a armadillo-like animal
Alan Tudyk as Cholly, a large mammal
Rodger Bumpass, Paul Eiding, Carole Jeghers, Danny Mann, Phil Proctor, Steve Susskind, Brian Tochi, and Jim Ward as Various Mammals
Jack Angel as Male Ox
Bob Bergen as Male Start
Bill Farmer as Male Elk
Jan Rabson as Male Glyptodon
Sherry Lynn as Female Diatryma

Release Dates

References

Other websites
Ice Age: The Meltdown's Official website 

2006 movies
2006 animated movies
2006 computer-animated movies
Sequel movies
American comedy movies
American animated movies
Movies about animals
Movies set in prehistory
20th Century Fox movies
Ice Age (franchise)
Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is cancer that involves different regions of the ovary. Recent evidence suggests the Fallopian tube may be related to the cancer. Other types of this condition involve egg cells. The risk increases with age and decreases with pregnancy. Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death for females, and the survival rates for this condition vary.

Cancer
Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
Rio (movie)

Rio, originally called Rio: The Movie, is a 2011 computer-animated comedy movie that was produced by Chris Jenkins and Bruce Anderson and was directed by Carlos Saldanha. Rio was released on April 8, 2011, in Brazil and on April 15, 2011, in North America. A sequel, titled Rio 2, was released on April 11, 2014.

Release Dates

Plot
Rio tells about the life of a blue macaw named Blu. He is trapped in a jungle near Rio de Janeiro when he was just a baby, and brought to the United States. Then Linda, an American, always takes care of him, until one day Tulio advises Blu that he is the last of his species, and he has to return to Brazil to meet Jewel, a female of his kind. The two macaws and several friends try to have Blu and Jewel fall in love so their species will survive, while they overcome some obstacles such as bird smugglers and the fact that Blu can not fly until the end of the movie. However, in the end, Blu can fly and rescues Jewel from falling from a plane.

Cast
Jesse Eisenberg as Blu
Anne Hathaway as Jewel
George Lopez as Rafael
Jemaine Clement as Nigel
Jake T. Austin as Fernando
Bernardo de Paula as Sylvio
Leslie Mann as Linda
Tracy Morgan as Luiz
will.i.am as Pedro
Jamie Foxx as Nico

References

Other websites
Rio's official website

2011 animated movies
2011 comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies about animals
Jungle movies
Multilingual movies
American animated movies
Movies set in South America
American comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
Hollerado

Hollerado is a Canadian indie rock band from Manotick, Ontario. Hollerado has four members in the band; the current band members are Dean Baxter, Jake Boyd, Nixon Boyd and Menno Versteeg. Their name is a parody of the United States state, Colorado.

Band members 
Current
Dean Baxter - bass guitar & vocals
Jake Boyd - drums & vocals
Nixon Boyd - guitar & vocals
Menno Versteeg - guitar & lead vocals

Discography

Albums
So far as of 2011, Hollerado has released 7 albums:

Demo in a Bag One (2007)
Demo in a Bag Two (2007)
Demo in a Bag Three (2007)
Demo in a Bag Four (2008)
Demo in a Bag Five (2009)
Record in a Bag (2010)
Margaritaville II: The Reckoning (2011)

Singles
Americanarama (2010)
Juliette (2010)
Got To Lose (2011)
Good Day At The Races (2011)

Other websites 
Hollerado's Official website

Canadian rock bands
Indie rock bands
American University

American University is a private, Methodist university in Washington, D.C.. The university has about 9,940 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is former U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Sylvia Mathews Burwell since June 2017.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 9 varsity teams and they compete in the Patriot League.

Other websites
American University's Official website
American Eagles' Official athletics website 

Patriot League
Colleges and universities in the District of Columbia
1893 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Washington, D.C.
Alborz Mountains

Alborz (also written Alburz, Elburz or Elborz), is a mountain range in northern Iran. Its borders start  at Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest of Iran and reach to the  southern  end of the Caspian Sea. The mountain range ends  in the east at the borders of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan.

Tehran, the capital of Iran is at the foot of the Alborz mountain range.

Mount Damavand, the tallest mountain in the Middle East, is located in this mountain range.

Other websites

Geography of Iran
American Gangster (movie)

American Gangster is a 2007 American biographical crime drama movie. It is set in New York City, New Jersey, Thailand and Vietnam. Denzel Washington stars as real life African American drug smuggler Frank Lucas. Russell Crowe stars as the detective determined to stop the drug empire controlled by Lucas. The movie was released in November 2007. Despite being set in the late 1960s and the 1970s, the movie has many anachronisms.

Other websites 

2007 drama movies
2000s biographical movies
2000s crime drama movies
American biographical movies
American crime drama movies
American gangster movies
English-language movies
Movies about drugs
Movies set in New Jersey
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in the 1960s
Movies set in the 1970s
Vietnam War movies
Movies about the illegal drug trade
Youthanasia

Youthanasia is a CD released by the thrash metal band, Megadeth. The album was a success in Canada. The CD went gold in under 30 minutes.

Track Listing

Megadeth albums
1994 albums
Fiat Tipo

The Fiat Tipo is a car produced by Fiat. It replaced the Fiat Ritmo in 1988, and was replaced by the Fiat Bravo and Brava in 1995. The Tipo name returned in 2016 on an entirely new generation of small family cars.

Engines 
 1.1 41 kW (56 hp)
 1.4 52 kW (71 hp)
 1.4 i.e. 51 kW (69 hp)
 1.6 60 kW (82 hp)
 1.6 i.e. 55 kW (75 hp)
 1.8 i.e. 66 kW (90 hp) and 79 kW (107 hp)
 1.8 i.e. 16V 102 kW (139 hp)
 2.0 i.e. 83 kW (113 hp)
 2.0 i.e. 16V 102 kW (139 hp) and 107 kW (146 hp)

Tipo
Front wheel drive vehicles
1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
Lancia

Lancia is an Italian automobile manufacturer. It was established in 1906. It has been owned by Fiat since 1969.

Current models 
 Lancia Ypsilon
 Lancia Musa
 Lancia Delta

Historic models 
 Lancia Beta
 Lancia Dedra
 Lancia Kappa
 Lancia Lybra
 Lancia Phedra
 Lancia Prisma
 Lancia Thema
 Lancia Thesis
 Lancia Zeta

Other websites

 Official homepage

 
Italian automobile companies
1906 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in Italy
International Commerce Centre

The International Commerce Centre is the tallest building in Hong Kong. The building was finished in 2009 and has a height of 1,588 feet. It has 118 floors. Inside the top floors of the building is a hotel for people to stay in.

References

Skyscrapers in China
Buildings and structures in Hong Kong
Vectrex

The Vectrex is a video game console created by Smith Engineering. The Vectrex is the only console of its kind to use vector graphics.

References

Video game consoles
Stephanie zu Guttenberg

Stephanie Freifrau von und zu Guttenberg (born 24 November 1976 in Munich), née Stephanie Gräfin von Bismarck-Schönhausen (Countess of Bismarck-Schönhausen), is a German activist against child abuse, and the President of Innocence in Danger, a group which wants Internet censorship of child pornography.  She has also co-written a book about these topics.

She is the wife of Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, the former German Minister of Defence. A member of the Bismarck family, she is the great-great-granddaughter of Chancellor Prince Otto Bismarck and great-granddaughter of Foreign Secretary Herbert, Prince of Bismarck. She is also a descendant of Robert Whitehead, the inventor of the torpedo, and diplomat Alexander, Count of Hoyos.

She got a degree in business administration and textile engineering (Fashion Business Management) from the private academy Fachakademie für Textil & Schuhe in Nagold, and has worked during her schooling for several textile companies.

On 12 February 2000, she married Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, whom she had met when attending Love Parade in Berlin in 1995. They have two daughters, born in 2001 and 2002.

Activism 
She has been President of the German section of Innocence in Danger, an organisation combating child abuse and lobbying for Internet censorship of child pornography.

In September 2010, she published the book Schaut nicht weg! Was wir gegen sexuellen Missbrauch tun müssen, co-written with Anne-Ev Ustorf.

She accompanied her husband when visiting the troops in Afghanistan in December 2010, which drew some criticism from the opposition.

On 24 January 2011, Stephanie zu Guttenberg became Patron of the Deutsche Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft in Bavaria.

Awards 
 2010: "Ehrenpreis für Kampf gegen Kindesmissbrauch", Deutscher Kinderpreis, World Vision Deutschland.

Publications 
 Stephanie zu Guttenberg, Anne-Ev Ustorf, Schaut nicht weg!, Verlag Kreuz, 2010,

References 

1976 births
Living people
Anti-pornography activists
German nobility
People from Munich
Bismarck herring

The Bismarck herring is pickled fresh, filleted Baltic herring, traditionally packed in small wooden barrels.

Johann Wiechmann had a store in Stralsund, Germany, and his wife Karoline prepared the herring for sale.  Wiechmann admired Otto von Bismarck and sent a barrel on Bismarck's birthday.  When the German Empire was created Wiechmann  sent a second barrel but this time asked to name the herrings after him.  Bismarck agreed, and the original recipe Bismarck herring were sold up until the end of World War II, and revived in 1997 in Stralsund.

References

Edible fish
Dishes named after people
German food
Águas de São Pedro

Águas de São Pedro (IPA: ) is a Brazilian city of the state of São Paulo. It is the second smallest Brazilian city in area, with only 3.612 km².

References

Other websites 

  Águas de São Pedro Official Website

Cities in São Paulo (state)
1940 establishments in South America
1940s establishments in Brazil
Dot Jones

Dot Jones (born on January 4, 1964 as Dorothy-Marie Jones) is an athlete and actress who has had multiple roles in television. She played Shannon Beiste in Glee.

Dot was born in Turlock, California and moved to Hilmar, where she grew up. When she was in middle school, she became very tall very fast. This made her back hurt, so she started exercising by lifting weights to strengthen the muscles. By high school, she was very good at lifting weights and won contests. She was named the school's female athlete of the year. When she was 19, she tried arm wrestling, and was very good at it. She won the world championship 15 times.

After she graduated high school, Dot went to Modesto Junior College, and then California State University, where she kept playing sports. She got a scholarship for track, which paid for her classes. She played softball and the track sport shot put and set records in the sport. After college, Dot worked with troubled children at the Fresno County Juvenile Probation center while continuing her involvement with sports.

Dot, who had never thought of acting, was seen at a bodybuilding contest by Shirley Eson, who was on the TV show American Gladiators. Shirley said Dot should try out for the show Knights and Warriors, which was like American Gladiators. Dot got the part.

After Knights and Warriors ended, Dot acted in other shows, such as Full House, Roseanne, Chicago Hope, Lizzie McGuire, The Suite Life of Zack and Cody, iCarly and Desperate Housewives. Dot was well known for playing Coach Kelly on Lizzie McGuire. Dot is friends with Ryan Murphy, a man who helped create the TV show Glee. Dot is a fan of the show and asked if she could be in it. Ryan created the character Coach Beiste for her.

References

Other websites
 

American television actors
Sportspeople from California
Actors from Stanislaus County, California
1964 births
Living people
Scott Walker

Scott Kevin Walker (born November 2, 1967) is an American Republican politician. He was the 45th Governor of Wisconsin from 2011 to 2019. He was a two-term Governor, elected in 2010 and 2014, but losing in 2018 to Tony Evers.

Early life
Walker was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado. His family moved to Plainfield, Iowa and later to Delavan, Wisconsin. He studied at Marquette University, but did not graduate.

Early career
Walker began his political career in the Wisconsin State Assembly, serving from 1993–2002.  After the 2002 resignation of Tom Ament as Executive of Milwaukee County, Walker won the special election to fill the seat, which he held from 2002 to 2010.

Governor of Wisconsin (2011-2019)
Walker was elected governor of Wisconsin in 2010, defeating the Democratic nominee, Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett.

After being sworn into office in 2011, Walker introduced a budget repair plan which limited many collective bargaining powers for most public employees. The legislation led to significant protests at the Wisconsin State Capitol and an effort to recall Walker.

In June 2012, Walker faced Barrett in Wisconsin's only gubernatorial recall election. After emerging as the winner, Walker became the only governor in the U.S. to date to win a gubernatorial recall election.

He lost his third re-election bid to Tony Evers on November 7, 2018 by one percent.

Personal life
Walker married Tonette Tarantino in 1993. Together, they have 2 children.

2016 presidential campaign

Walker has been seen by many as a potential candidate for the GOP's nomination in the 2016 presidential election. He formed a 527 organization in January of 2015. On June 18, 2015 Walker took a further step towards a presidential campaign when he established a "testing-the-waters" federal campaign committee.

Walker announced his presidential campaign on July 13, 2015 on his Twitter account. On September 21 2015, Walker suspended his campaign after low polling numbers.

References

Other websites

 Scott Walker for Governor campaign website
 2011 State Budget Battle, collected coverage at the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel of the budget repair bill and the 2011–13 state budget

1967 births
Living people
American Evangelicals
Governors of Wisconsin
People from Colorado Springs, Colorado
Politicians from Colorado
2016 United States presidential candidates
US Republican Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
CT

CT can mean
 Connecticut, a US state
 Calgary Transit, a public transportation agency in Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Andrew Cuomo

Andrew Mark Cuomo (born December 6, 1957) is an American politician. He was the 56th Governor of New York from 2011 to 2021.

He was 64th New York State Attorney General and the 11th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under Bill Clinton. 

He was born in Queens. His father Mario Cuomo was also Governor of New York and Andrew worked for him. 

Cuomo has promoted several policies such as legalizing same-sex marriage, tough laws against guns, allowing businesses not to pay taxes for some time in some parts of the state, continuing the moratorium (delay) on hydraulic fracturing for extracting (taking out) petroleum and natural gas, he started the United States Climate Alliance, a group of states intending to stop climate change by following the terms of the Paris Climate Accords and pro-immigration policies.

He was reelected governor in 2014 and 2018. In 2020, he became well known across the country over his leadership and handling over the COVID-19 pandemic in New York. However, his administration was accused of cover-up the actual number of COVID-related deaths in nursing homes. 

From late 2020, many of Cuomo's former secretaries and assistants have accused him of sexual harassment. In August 2021, an investigation found that Cuomo did sexually harass multiple women during his time as governor. On August 10, 2021, Cuomo announced that he would resign as governor. He resigned on August 24 and was replaced by Kathy Hochul, the lieutenant governor of New York.

References

1957 births
Living people
Politicians from New York City
US Democratic Party politicians
United States Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development
Governors of New York
American Roman Catholics
Pat Quinn (politician)

Patrick Joseph "Pat" Quinn III (born December 16, 1948), is an American politician. He was the Governor of Illinois from 2009 to 2015. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was Lieutenant Governor of Illinois from 2003 to 2009. He lost re-election in 2014 to Bruce Rauner.

Early life
Quinn was born on December 16, 1948 in Hinsdale, Illinois. He is of Irish descent. He studied at Georgetown University and at Northwestern University.

Career
He became Governor on January 29, 2009 when Rod Blagojevich, the state's earlier Governor, was impeached and thrown out of office. He praised the Illinois General Assembly for Blagojevich's impeachment.

He was elected into office during the 2010 gubernatorial election. He defeated Republican Bill Brady.

As governor he faced severe short-term budget shortfalls and a long-term state debt, all in the context of the worst national economic slump since the Great Depression of the 1930s. 

Quinn has pushed for spending cuts and tax increases, while trying to raise ethical standards, protect public-sector labor unions, and maintain environmental standards.

In November 2014, Quinn lost his re-election campaign to Republican Bruce Rauner.

On October 27, 2017, Quinn announced his candidacy for Attorney General of Illinois.

Personal life  
Quinn is divorced and has two sons, Patrick IV and David, born on April 12, 1983, and December 16, 1984, respectively. Quinn was briefly a practicing tax attorney before his career in public office.

References

Other websites

1948 births
Living people
Lawyers from Chicago
Lieutenant Governors of Illinois
Governors of Illinois
People from Hinsdale, Illinois
US Democratic Party politicians
Salt (2010 movie)

Salt is a 2010 action thriller spy movie that was produced by Lorenzo di Bonaventura and Sunil Perkash and was directed by Phillip Noyce. The movie was released on July 23, 2010. The movie received mixed to positive reviews with a 61% on Rotten Tomatoes which is fresh and a 65% out of 100 from Metacritic. It is set in North Korea, New York City and Washington, D.C.

Cast 
Angelina Jolie as Evelyn Salt
Liev Schreiber as Ted Winter
August Diehl as Michael Krause
Daniel Olbrychski as Orlov
Olek Krupa as Russian President Boris Matveyev
Chiwetel Ejiofor as Peabody
Hunt Block as American President Howard Lewis
Corey Stoll as Shnaider

Release Dates

Other websites 
Salt's official website
 
 

2010 thriller movies
2010s action thriller movies
2010 mystery movies
2010s spy movies
American action thriller movies
American spy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in South Korea
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Washington, D.C.
Movies set in North Korea

Movies directed by Phillip Noyce
Multilingual movies
My One and Only (movie)

My One and Only is a 2009 comedy movie that was produced by Aaron Ryder, Ara Katz and Art Spigel and was directed by Richard Loncraine. The movie was released on August 21, 2009. The movie received many positive reviews with a 71% on the website Rotten Tomatoes and a 62% from another website, Metacritic.

Cast 
Renée Zellweger as Ann Deveraux
Logan Lerman as 15-year-old George Deveraux
Mark Rendall as Robbie
Chris Noth as Harlan
Nick Stahl as Bud
Steven Weber as Wallace
Kevin Bacon as Danny Deveraux
Eric McCormack as Charlie

Other websites 
My One and Only's Official website
 

2009 movies
American comedy movies
Multilingual movies
WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2007

WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2007 is a wrestling video game that was published by THQ. The video game was released for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable and Xbox 360 systems. The video game was released on January 25, 2007 in Japan, November 14, 2006 in North America, November 10, 2006 in Europe and on November 16, 2006 in Australia for the PlayStation 2 & Xbox 360. and the game was released on February 22, 2007 in Japan, December 6, 2006 in North America and on December 15, 2006 in Europe for the PSP.

The video game received a 8.1 for both the PS2 and Xbox 360 and a 7.9 for the PSP from GameSpot. 

It is part of the WWE SmackDown vs. Raw video game series.

Other websites
Official WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2007 website 

2006 video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation Portable games
Xbox 360 games
SmackDown vs. Raw 2007
THQ games
NCAA Basketball 10

NCAA Basketball 10 is a college basketball video game that was published by EA Sports. The video game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 systems on November 18, 2009. The athlete on the cover of the game is Blake Griffin when he played for the Oklahoma Sooners.

The video game received a 7.0 for both the PS3 and Xbox 360 from GameSpot and also received a 7.8 for both the Xbox 360 and the PS3 from IGN. 

The game was the last installment in the NCAA Basketball video game series.

Other websites
Official NCAA Basketball 10 website 

Sports video games
2009 video games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
National Collegiate Athletic Association
NCAA Basketball 09

NCAA Basketball 09 is a college basketball video game that was published by EA Sports. The video game was released for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2 and Xbox 360 systems. The video game was released on November 17, 2008. The athlete on the cover of the game is Kevin Love who currently plays for the Minnesota Timberwolves.

The video game received a 7.0 for both the PS3 and Xbox 360 from GameSpot and also received a 7.1 for both the Xbox 360 and the PS3 and a 5.1 for the PS2 from IGN. 

The game was the 13th installment in the NCAA Basketball video game series.

Other websites
Official NCAA Basketball 09 website 

Sports video games
2008 video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
National Collegiate Athletic Association
Australia Day

Australia Day is a public holiday held on 26 January every year in Australia. It is celebrated to remember the day that the First Fleet landed in Australia. On 26 January 1788 British people landed at Sydney Cove and began a British convict settlement.

Disputes
Some people do not believe that Australia Day should be celebrated on this date.  For example, some indigenous Australians call the date Invasion Day or Survival Day because it was the day that their native land was invaded.

Arrival of the First Fleet 

On 13 May 1787, 11 ships were sent from Great Britain to Australia. The ships carried mostly prisoners to Australia where many were going to be living the rest of their lives. The ships were led by Captain Arthur Phillip, who was later promoted to an Admiral.

References

National Days
Day, Australia
Laverne & Shirley

Laverne & Shirley was an American situation comedy which aired from January 1976 to May 1983 on ABC. Penny Marshall played Laverne; Cindy Williams played Shirley. The series was set between 1959 and 1967 and was made under Paramount Television.

American sitcoms
Television spin-offs
ABC network shows
1976 television series debuts
1983 television series endings
English-language television programs
Penny Marshall

Carole Penny Marshall (October 15, 1943 – December 17, 2018) was an American actress, producer and director. She starred as Laverne in the sitcom Laverne & Shirley from 1976 to 1983. Marshall directed many movies, including Awakenings, A League of Their Own, and Big.

From 1971 to 1981, she was married to actor and director Rob Reiner. Her brother was director Garry Marshall. She was born in The Bronx, New York City.

Marshall died on December 17, 2018 in Los Angeles, California from heart failure complicated from diabetes and heart disease, aged 75.

References

1943 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
American television directors
American voice actors
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from heart failure
Screenwriters from New York City
American television writers
Adventureland (movie)

Adventureland is a 2009 American romantic comedy-drama movie. It is set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in summer 1987. It was produced by Sidney Kimmel, Anne Carey and Ted Hope. It was written and directed by Greg Mottola. Adventureland was released on April 3, 2009 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with a 88% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 76 out of 100 from Metacritic.

Cast 
 Jesse Eisenberg as James Brennan
 Kristen Stewart as Emily "Em" Lewin
 Ryan Reynolds as Mike Connell
 Martin Starr as Joel
 Matt Bush as Tommy Frigo
 Margarita Levieva as Lisa P.
 Bill Hader as Bobby
 Kristen Wiig as Paulette
 Mary Birdsong-Covey as Francy
 Josh Pais as Mr. Lewin
 Jack Gilpin as Mr. Brennan
 Wendie Malick as Mrs. Brennan

Other websites 
Adventureland's official website 
 
 

2009 comedy-drama movies
2009 romance movies
2000s romantic comedy movies
2000s romantic drama movies
2000s teen comedy movies
2000s teen drama movies
2000s teen romance movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Pennsylvania
Movies set in the 1980s
Pittsburgh in fiction
Shakespeare in Love

Shakespeare in Love is a 1998 British-American romantic comedy-drama movie starring Gwyneth Paltrow, Ben Affleck and Judi Dench. It won 7 Academy Awards, including Best Picture of 1998. This movie is about the involvement of William Shakespeare in a serious love affair with Viola (played by Paltrow).

Release dates

Other websites 

1998 romance movies
1998 comedy-drama movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
1990s romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Best Picture Oscar
British comedy-drama movies
British romantic comedy movies
British romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Ömer Aşık

Ömer Aşık (born July 4, 1986 in Bursa, Turkey) is a Turkish basketball player. He was drafted by the Portland Trail Blazers with the 36th pick in the 2nd round of the 2008 NBA Draft. However, he did not play a game with them and was traded to the Chicago Bulls. He also played with the Turkish national basketball team where he won the silver medal in the 2010 FIBA World Championship.

His nicknames are Aşik and Destroy, The Turkish Hammer, and The SuperBull from Istanbul, all given to him by Bulls color commentator Stacey King.

Other websites 
Ömer Aşık's NBA player profile

1986 births
Living people
Turkish basketball players
Chicago Bulls players
Bursa
Hedo Türkoğlu

Hidayet "Hedo" Türkoğlu (born March 19, 1979 in Gaziosmanpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish basketball player. He was drafted by the Sacramento Kings with the 16th pick in the 1st round of the 2000 NBA Draft. He has also played with the Sacramento Kings from 2000 to 2003, San Antonio Spurs from 2003 to 2004, Orlando Magic from 2004 to 2009, Toronto Raptors from 2009 to 2010, Phoenix Suns in 2010 and currently the Orlando Magic since 2010 when he was traded to the Magic in 2010 along with Jason Richardson and Earl Clark for Vince Carter, Marcin Gortat, Mickaël Piétrus, a 2011 first-round draft pick and $3 million.

Other websites 
 Hedo Türkoğlu's NBA player profile

Turkish basketball players
Orlando Magic players
Phoenix Suns players
Sacramento Kings players
San Antonio Spurs players
Toronto Raptors players
1979 births
Living people
Los Angeles Clippers players
People from Istanbul
Mehmet Okur

Mehmet Okur (born May 26, 1979 in Yalova, Turkey) is an Turkish basketball player. He was drafted by the Detroit Pistons with the 37th pick in the 2nd round of the 2001 NBA Draft. He currently plays for the Utah Jazz as a center and power forward. He has also played for the Detroit Pistons from 2002 to 2004 until he signed with the Jazz after the Pistons were unable to pay his salary due to salary cap limitations.

Other websites 
Mehmet Okur's NBA player profile

1979 births
Living people

Turkish basketball players
Detroit Pistons players
Utah Jazz players
Hiroshima Prefecture

is a Japanese prefecture in the Chūgoku region of the island of Honshu. The capital city is Hiroshima.

History 
The area of Bingo Province and Aki Province were merged in Hiroshima Prefecture.

Hiroshima is a traditional center of the Chūgoku region and was the seat of the Mōri clan until the Battle of Sekigahara.

Hiroshima is home to two UNESCO World Heritage sites:
 Atomic Dome in Hiroshima, one of the few remnants of prewar Hiroshima following the atomic bombing in 1945
 Itsukushima Shrine in Miyajima, famed for appearing to "float" during high tide

Geography 
Hiroshima faces Shikoku across the Seto Inland Sea. Hiroshima Bay opens on the Inland Sea.  The prefecture also includes many small islands.

Yamaguchi Prefecture is to the south and west of the prefecture Shimane Prefecture is to the northwest.  East of Hiroshima is Okayama Prefecture.

National Parks
National Parks are established in about 4% of the total land area of the prefecture.

Shrines and Temples
Itsukushima jinja is the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.

Related pages
 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan
 Sanfrecce Hiroshima
 Hiroshima Toyo Carp

References

Other websites

 ; 
 National Archives of Japan  ... Hiroshima map (1891) 
 National Archives of Japan:  Itsukushima kakei, illustrated scroll describing Itsukushima, text by Kaibara Ekiken (circa 1720)
Iwate Prefecture

is a prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan. It is on the island of Honshu. The capital city is Morioka.

History 
The area of Iwate was part of Mutsu Province.

In 1869, Mutsu was split into five new provinces: Rikuōku, Rikuchū, Rikuzen, Iwashiro and Iwaki.  The first three of these together known as the "Three Riku", or Sanriku.

The new provinces were abolished in July 1871.

In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Mutsu Province were changed in the 1870s.

Geography
Iwate is the second largest prefecture after Hokkaido.

The prefecture is in the Tōhoku region of Honshū island. It has the island's easternmost point.  The eastern coastline faces the Pacific Ocean.  Iwate shares its northern border with Aomori Prefecture.  The western border meets Akita Prefecture.  Its southern border is shared with Miyagi Prefecture.

Cities

National Parks
National parks cover about 5% of the total land area of the prefecture. They include:
 Towada-Hachimantai National Park
 Rikuchu Kaigan National Park

Shrines and temples
Tsutsukowake jinja is the main Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of the prefecture.

The Buddhist temples of Hiraizumi include Chūson-ji and Mōtsū-ji. Hiraizumi was added to the World Heritage List in June 2011.

Related pages
 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan
 Iwate Museum of Art

References

Other websites
 http://www.pref.iwate.jp/info.rbz?ik=1&nd=4334 ;
Williams pear

The Williams' bon chretien pear, commonly called the Williams pear, or Bartlett pear in the U.S. and Canada, is the most commonly grown variety of pear in most countries outside Asia.

It is a summer pear, not as tolerant of cold as some varieties. It is often eaten raw, but holds its shape well when baked, and is a common choice for canned or other processed pear uses.

History

The Williams pear is thought to date from 1765 to 1770 from the yard of an Aldermaston, England, schoolmaster named Mr. Stair or Mr. Wheeler, giving rise to the now-obscure names Aldermaston pear and Stairs pear. A nurseryman named Williams later acquired the variety, and introducing it to the rest of England, which is why the pear became known as the Williams Pear. However, the pear's full name is Williams' Bon Chretien, or "Williams' good Christian." 

In 1799 James Carter imported several Williams trees into the United States, and they were planted on the grounds of Thomas Brewer in Roxbury, Massachusetts.  The Massachusetts estate was later acquired by Enoch Bartlett of Dorchester, Massachusetts. Unaware of their origin, Bartlett named the pears after himself and introduced the variety into the United States. It was not realized that Bartlett and Williams Pears were the same until 1828, when new trees arrived from Europe.  By that time the Bartlett variety had become vastly popular in the United States, and they are still generally known as Bartlett pears in the U.S. and Canada, although there are about 150 other names worldwide.

Pear Tree

Pear trees are typically in production for an average of 50 to 75 years, although some trees still produce fruit after 100 years.
Height: 15–20 ft with slightly less spread. 
Flowers: White flowers grouped in a corymb. 
Blooming Time: April - May. 
Fruit & Seeds: Large, golden yellow skin, brownish red blush, classic shape with smooth, white flesh. Harvest from mid-August to mid-September. But depends on which side of the earths hemisphere the plant has been placed for harvest time. 
Leaves: The leaves are simple, glossy green leaves that alternate on the twig. They grow up to 3" long, are thick with slight midrib curves folding the edges inwards. They have fine teeth on the margin. 
Elevation: 1000 - 5000 Feet. 
Habitat: Orchards and landscaping.

Production and uses

U.S. Pear production

In 1985, the pear represented 80% of U.S. pear production, and in 2004, it represented 50% of reported pear production, displaced primarily by the continuing growth of d'Anjou and Bosc pears, both winter pears more tolerant of cold than the Bartlett.

"A Canning Tradition"

While more pears are sold fresh in the U.S. than processed, Bartlett pears are the primary choice for canned halves, puree, and most pear juice and nectar in the U.S., comprising about two thirds of Bartlett production. Bartletts are traditionally known as the canning pear due to their "definitive flavor and sweetness," making them well-suited for many forms of processing.

Poire Williams

The Williams pear is used in making Poire Williams, a colourless brandy.

Notes

Pears
Dishes named after people
Maserati MC12

The Maserati MC12 was a sports car that was built by the Maserati company from 2004 to 2005. There were only 50 cars that were produced. The MC12 was closely based on the Enzo Ferrari. The MC12 was succeeded by the Maserati MC12 Corsa in 2006.

Other websites
Maserati MC12's Official website

Maserati automobiles
Sports cars
2000s automobiles
Enoch Bartlett

Enoch Bartlett (1779–1860) was a farmer from Dorchester, Massachusetts.  

He bought Thomas Brewer's farm in Roxbury.  This farm had a field of pear trees, which he named after himself, as he did not know the fruit already had a name.

In 1828 a new batch of pear trees arrived from England, and it was realised that the Bartlett pear was the same as the Williams pear, but by this time the name had stuck, and is still the commonest name for this type of pear in Canada and the United States.

1779 births
1860 deaths
People with foods named after them
The Faint

The Faint are an American indie rock band from Omaha, Nebraska.

They have made 6 albums in their career.
Sine Sierra (As Norman Bailer) (1995)
Media (1998)
Blank-Wave Arcade (1999)
Danse Macabre (2001)
Wet From Birth (2004)
Fasciinatiion (2008)

American rock bands
Musical groups from Nebraska
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Musical groups established in 1995
1995 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Nebraska
Binary image

A Binary image is a kind of raster graphic image. Each pixel of the image can only one of two different values, usually black and white. For this reason, only one bit is needed per pixel. Most of the time, the value 0 is coded as white, and 1 is used for black. 

Binary images are used:
in image processing, for example for edge detection or pattern recognition
In newspaper printing
In laser printers, and fax machines

Computing
United States Tennis Association

United States Tennis Association' (USTA) is the organization that controls tennis at the national level in the United States. It is a non-profit private organization formed in 1881 to standardize the rules of tennis. It is affiliated with the International Tennis Federation, which is the international governing body of tennis.

At present USTA has more than 700,000 members. Its aim is to promote and develop the game of tennis and to develop better infrastructure for tennis. The USTA runs the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center which hosts the U.S. Open, the last grand slam of the year.

References

Tennis in the United States
Tennis organisations
Non-profit organizations of New York
1881 establishments in the United States
Belizean Creole

Kriol is one of the languages spoken in Central America, mainly in Belize. It is not an official language but is spoken by about half a million people. Kriol is based on English and is similar to other Creole languages, like Miskito Coastal Creole, and Jamaican Patois.

History 
Kriol is based mainly on English but is also influenced by other languages too, like the Native American language Misikito. It's also influenced by West African languages brought in by slaves, like Akan, Efik, Ewe, Fula, Ga, Hausa, Igbo, Kikongo and Wolof.

There are some theories about the way Creole languages form, but one of them is that it was because of contact with English landowners and their slaves, and Kriol was created to make sure they could communicate at least a little bit.

Today, Kriol is the first or second language of most of the people living in Belize, and a lot of them speak English as well.

References

Languages of North America
Belize
Frances McDormand

Frances McDormand (born June 23, 1957) is an American movie, television and stage actress. She won the Academy Award for "Best Actress" for her portrayal of Marge in 1996's Fargo. She was nominated three times for "Best Supporting Actress". McDormand was born in Chicago, Illinois. She is married to Joel Coen since 1984 and has two adopted sons. They currently live in New York City.

References

1957 births
Living people

American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Chicago
Academy Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Jackie Collins

Jacqueline Jill "Jackie" Collins  OBE (4 October 1937 – 19 September 2015) was an English-American novelist. She wrote 32 novels, all of which have been on the New York Times bestsellers list. In total, her books have sold over 400 million copies and have been translated into 40 languages. Eight of the books were made into movies or television mini-series.

She died on 19 September 2015 of breast cancer in Beverly Hills, California, aged 77. 

She was the younger sister of Joan Collins.

References

1937 births
2015 deaths
American novelists
Cancer deaths in California
Deaths from breast cancer
English novelists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Hampstead
Writers from London