cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Free Trade Party

The Free Trade Party was an Australian political party from 1889 to 1909. It was officially known as the Australian Free Trade and Liberal Association. It was also called the Revenue Tariff Party in some states and renamed the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. It wanted to remove tariffs (taxes on imports and exports) as well as other restrictions on trade. It argued that free trade would benefit everyone. However, many members also supported some tariffs to raise money for the government.

The party was based in New South Wales, where its leaders were Sir Henry Parkes and Sir George Reid. It was the main party in New South Wales politics before federation.

After the elections for the first Commonwealth Parliament, the Free Traders were the second largest group in the Australian House of Representatives, with 25 seats. Reid became the Parliament's first leader of the Opposition. He later became Prime Minister in 1904-05. The deputy leader of the Free Trade Party was Willima McMillan.Joseph Cook became deputy leader of the party when McMillan retired in 1903.

A separate Tasmanian Revenue Tariff Party took part in the 1903 federal election in Tasmania and won two seats. It joined with the Free Trade Party in federal parliament.

After the question of tariffs had largely been settled, Reid looked around for another cause for his party. He settled on opposition to socialism. He criticised both the Australian Labor Party and the Protectionist Party, led by Alfred Deakin. The Free Trade Party was renamed the Anti-Socialist Party (ASP) before the 1906 federal election. The Labor Party and the FTP/ASP continued to grow in electoral strength. Some Protectionists left the party to join Labor and the ASP.

Reid retired in 1908, and the party leadership passed to Joseph Cook. He agreed to merge with the Protectionists to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party in 1909.

References

1889 establishments in Australia
1909 disestablishments
Commonwealth Liberal Party
Political parties in Australia
1900s disestablishments in Australia
Dubai International Airport

Dubai International Airport  () is an international airport serving Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is a major airline hub in the Middle East, and is the main airport of Dubai. The airport is the main hub for Emirates. The airport consists of 3 terminals, named Terminal 1, 2, and 3. Emirates mainly uses Terminal 3.

Terminals, airlines and destinations

Passenger flights

Terminal F (Cargo flights)

VIP Pavillion

Awards
 2011 – Best Airport in Middle East of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International and most improved airport in the Middle East.

References

In other websites

Official Site
Air Freight Services Dubai

Project Information from Airport Technology

Airports in Asia
Buildings and structures in Dubai
List of living Medal of Honor recipients

There are currently 66 living recipients of the Medal of Honor, the U.S. military's highest decoration. Of the living recipients, one earned his Medal of Honor in World War II, three in the Korean War, 46 in the Vietnam War, 14 in the War in Afghanistan, and two in the War in Iraq. One earned their medal while serving in the Air Force, 46 in the Army, 11 in the Marine Corps, and eight in the Navy. Three medal holders are still on active duty in the U.S. military, soldiers William D. Swenson, Thomas Payne and Matthew O. Williams of the U.S. Army. Among the recipients are former U.S. Senator Bob Kerrey and three are retired generals: Patrick Henry Brady and Robert F. Foley and James E. Livingston.

Living recipients

Recently deceased
Recipients who died within the last 12 months are listed below.

References

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
Zero Dark Thirty

Zero Dark Thirty is a 2012 biopic war movie about the hunt for Osama bin Laden. It was directed by Kathryn Bigelow, and starring Jessica Chastain, Chris Pratt and James Gandolfini.

2012 drama movies
2012 thriller movies
2010s drama thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies about death
Movies about terrorism
Movies set in Asia
Pakistan
Movies based on the September 11 attacks
Wayne Hillman

Wayne James Hillman (November 13, 1938 – November 24, 1990) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 14 seasons in the NHL.

Hillman played in the NHL with the Chicago Black Hawks for 5 seasons, the New York Rangers for 4 seasons, the Minnesota North Stars for 1 season and the Philadelphia Flyers for 4 seasons. Hillman also played for the Cleveland Crusaders of the World Hockey Association for 2 seasons and retired after his time with the Crusaders wa done.

Even though Hillman only played 1 playoff game for the Black Hawks in the 1960-61 NHL season his name was still engraved on the Stanley Cup.

Hillman died of cancer on November 24, 1990.

Other websites

1938 births
1990 deaths
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Deaths from cancer
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Minnesota North Stars players
New York Rangers players
Philadelphia Flyers players
American Hockey League players
World Hockey Association players
List of foreign-born Medal of Honor recipients

The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient has been killed (posthumously).

Although Medals of Honor can be presented only to members of the U.S. armed forces it is not required to be a U.S. citizen. Since the American Civil War hundreds of people born outside the United States have received the medal. The most recent of these recipients being Leslie H. Sabo, Jr.. He received his medal in May 2012 for actions performed during the Vietnam War. The large number of foreign-born recipients during the 19th and early 20th centuries was likely due to immigration waves from Europe.

American Civil War

Indian Wars

Korean Expedition

Spanish-American War

Samoan Civil War

Philippine-American War

Boxer Rebellion

Occupation of Veracruz

World War I

World War II

Korean War

Vietnam War

Peacetime

Other websites
http://www.history.army.mil/moh.html 

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
List of Native American Medal of Honor recipients

This is a list of Native Americans presented the nation's highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor. The Medal of Honor is bestowed "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty, in actual combat against an armed enemy force."  The medal is presented by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress.

Of the 3,469 Medals of Honor presented as of 2012 only 28 have been given to Native Americans.

The Medal of Honor created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient was killed (posthumously).

List of recipients

References

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
Medal of Honor recipients
Protectionist Party

This article is about the Protectionist Party of 1889-1909.

The Protectionist Party was an Australian political party from 1889 until 1909. Its policies were based on protectionism. It argued that Australia needed protective tariffs to allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most important leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime pinisters of Australia.

The Protectionist Party formed government Australia's first government with the support of the Labor Party. They agreed to put in place social reforms that were Labor policy. Labor's program, however, was often too radical for the Protectionists, and compromises had to be made. Several changes of minority governments occurred.

The Protectionist vote had dropped by the 1906 federal election. Labor formed its first government in 1904 and its second in 1908 under Andrew Fisher. Many people believed an anti-socialist group was needed to oppose the Labor Party. Deakin and Anti-Socialist Party leader Joseph Cook, began talks to join their parties together.  The more liberal Protectionists, such as Isaac Isaacs and H. B. Higgins, opposed a merger.  The Protection Party was split by this issue.  Most members, including Deakin, joined with the Anti-Socialist Party to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party. This became known as "the Fusion,". The more liberal Protectionists supported Labor.  The Fusion would form another minority government before Fisher and Labor achieved Australia's first federal majority government, and the first Senate majority, at the 1910 election.

In 2007, a new political party, the Australian Protectionist Party was set up.

References

Australian Dictionary of Biography - Edmund Barton
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Alfred Deakin

Political parties in Australia
Commonwealth Liberal Party
1889 establishments in Australia
1909 disestablishments
1900s disestablishments in Australia
Fallingwater

Fallingwater is the name of the summer house Frank Lloyd Wright designed in 1935 for the Kaufmann family. It is in the woods over a waterfall in Pennsylvania. It is a nationally listed national historic place, and some say it is the most famous private house in the world.

The house actually sits low in the valley over the stream, but looks dramatic from further downstream. It has large terraces, and some of them stick straight out and hang right over the waterfall or the stream. There are windows and glass doors, with only narrow steel supports between them, wrapping all the way around the living room. There are also windows going all the way from the floor to the ceiling in all three stories of the tower. Most of the house is made from stone.

There are strong horizontal and vertical lines in the design of the house. It resembles the horizontal and vertical lines in the rock formations and other natural features. The waterfall can be heard everywhere in the house. Wright wanted there to be a close connection between inside and outside, and for the house itself to be natural.

The large, cave-like living room has a big fireplace built on a large rock that comes up out of the floor. This was Edgar Kaufmann's favorite place to sit before the house was built. A stairway hangs down from the main floor to the stream. A glass hatchway lets people go down it from the living room.

Some of the furniture is built right into the house. Many shelves are attached directly into the wall, sticking out without any supports that can be seen, like the floors and terraces of the house itself.

There is a guest house on the hill behind the main house. It is connected by an "S" shaped, covered walk. There is a plunge pool beside the guest house.

In 1991, members of the American Institute of Architects named the Fallingwater house the "best all-time work of American architecture".

References

Further reading 
 Edgar Kaufmann Jr. 1986. Fallingwater: a Frank Lloyd Wright country house Abbeville Press.
 Robert McCarter 2002. Fallingwater aid. (Architecture in Detail) Phaidon Press.
 Franklin Toker 2005. Fallingwater rising: Frank Lloyd Wright, E.J. Kaufmann, and America's most extraordinary house. Knopf.
 Lynda S. Waggoner and the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy 1996. Fallingwater: Frank Lloyd Wright's romance with nature. Universe Publishing.

Other websites 

Fallingwater pictures: fall photo - numerous excellent photos of the house.
Official Fallingwater website - visitor and design information
official Western Pennsylvania Conservancy website 
Architectural Record article
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette article

Buildings and structures in Pennsylvania
Houses in the United States
Architecture
Frank Lloyd Wright buildings
Laurie

Laurie is a given name for women. It is a version of Laura. Laura is more common than Laurie. Sometimes, it can also be a surname. People named Laurie include Laurie Anderson, Laurie Bird, and Laurie Metcalf.

Given names
Surnames
Commonwealth Liberal Party

The Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP) was a political party in Australia from 1909 to 1917. It was also known as The Fusion, or the Deakinite Liberal Party. It is the earliest direct ancestor of the modern Liberal Party of Australia.

The party was formed after the Australian Labor Party formed its second government in 1908.  Business leaders told Alfred Deakin, the leader of the Protectionist Party, and Joseph Cook, leader of the Anti-Socialist Party, to join forces to oppose the Labor Party. In 1909, the Protectionists and Anti-Socialists joined to form the CLP.  Deakin was the new party's first leader, with Cook as deputy leader.  Several of the more liberal Protectionists left and joined Labor.  

The Protectionists and Anti-Socialists had a majority of seats in the House of Representatives. The new party used its numbers to force Prime Minister Andrew Fisher to resign. Deakin became Prime Minister for the third time. However, the CLP was defeated by Labor at its first election, less than a year later in 1910. 

Cook took over from Deakin shortly before the 1913 election and won government by a single seat.  One year later, Cook introduced a bill removing special treatment for union members.  Cook knew the Labor Party had the numbers in Senate to defeat the bill. When the Senate rejected it twice, Cook had an excuse to call an early election for 5 September. This was the first double dissolution election in Australia. However CLP was soundly defeated, and Labor became the government. 

In November 1916, the CLP made a deal with the Prime Minister Billy Hughes. Hughes had been forced to leave the ALP for supporting conscription in World War I. He set up a new party called the National Labor Party.  In February 1917, the CLP and National Labor joined to form the Nationalist Party of Australia.  Although the new party had more Liberals, Hughes became its leader with Cook as his deputy.

Today the Commonwealth Liberal Party is usually called the Deakinite Liberal Party so it will not be confused with the modern Liberal Party of Australia.

Leaders 

 Alfred Deakin 1909-13
 Joseph Cook 1913-16

References
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Alfred Deakin
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Joseph Cook

Other websites

 
1909 establishments
1917 disestablishments
1900s establishments in Australia
1900s disestablishments in Australia
Australian Electoral Commission

The Australian Electoral Commission, or the AEC, is the Australian federal government agency in charge of federal elections and referendums. State and local government elections are run by the Electoral Commission in each state and territory.

The AEC also draws the boundaries for seats and makes regular changes to keep all seats roughly equal in population numbers. It organizes Commonwealth electoral roll which is a list of people who can vote in elections. The electoral roll is used by the state and territory Electoral Commissions to for their elections.

The AEC also plays a leading role in electoral education and industrial voting (votes on industrial action).

History and structure
The AEC began in 1902, as a part of the Department of Home Affairs. In 1973, it became the Australian Electoral Office. In February 1984 it became the Australian Electoral Commission.

The AEC is run by a Chairman who is a Judge, or a retired Judge, of the Federal Court, the Electoral Commissioner and a non-judicial member who is usually the Australian Statistician). The Electoral Commissioner has the powers of a Secretary of a Department under the Public Service Act 1999 and the Financial Management and Accountability Act 1998. The Chairperson and the third, non-judicial member both hold their offices on a part-time basis.

The AEC has a National Office in Canberra and State Offices in Adelaide, Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney.

Each federal electorate has a Divisional Returning Officer responsible for the House of Representatives elections within their division.  Each State also has an Australian Electoral Officer responsible for the Senate elections.

Duties

The AEC's major duties are to run federal elections, by-elections and referendums. Election Rolls must always be up-to-date. The AEC must also follow up people who do not vote. After the election the AEC provides detailed election results. The AEC is answerable to the Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters of the Parliament of Australia. It reports to Parliament on how elections were carried out and the success of the elections in general.

References

Other websites
The Australian Electoral Commission website

Government agencies of Australia
Canberra
Elections
1984 establishments in Australia
National Labor Party

The National Labor Party was an Australian political party which only existed for three months. It was started  by Prime Minister Billy Hughes in November 1916. Hughes had taken over as leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and Prime Minister when Andrew Fisher resigned in 1915. Hughes formed the new party after he was forced out of the ALP a month after conscription was rejected by the people in the 1916 vote. Hughes still wanted conscription for World War I. 

On 15 September 1916 the Labor Party in New South Wales forced Hughes from the Labor Party. On 14 November 1916, Hughes and 24 other Labor members walked out of a meeting of the Labor members of parliament. The remaining 43 members said they did not want Hughes to continue as their leader. Hughes and his followers formed a minority Government with support from the Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP) led by Joseph Cook. They said the Australian Labor Party was no longer  nationalist. They wanted a new party that would be both socially radical and nationalist.  

The National Labor Party had to depend on support from the Commonwealth Liberal Party to govern. In 1917 the two groups joined to form a new party, the Nationalist Party of Australia, with Hughes as leader. 

The National Labor Party was never a proper political party. It did not have any organisational structure. It did get support from some trade union officials and Labor Party branches, particularly in Western Australia and Tasmania.

Western Australia
The National Labor Party in Western Australia started off as two separate groups. One group was the Labor Solidarity Committee based in Perth. The other was National Labor based on the goldfields. The two joined in April-May 1917, led by former Premier John Scaddan. After he lost his seat in Parliament the party turned to Federal Senators Patrick Lynch, Hugh de Largie and George Pearce for leadership and guidance. Unlike the federal party, it did not join with the CLP and kept its own identity. It worked with the Nationalist Party as partners.

The party won six of 50 Assembly seats in the Western Australian state elections of 1917 and 1921. It also held three of 30 Council seats during this period. However, in 1924 elections they won only one seat in the Assembly and two in the Council. Later that year they were taken over by the Nationalists.

References
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Billy Hughes
Robertson, John R. (1958). The Scaddan government and the conscription crisis, 1911-17 : aspects of Western Australia's political history (thesis). University of Western Australia. Accessed in Scholars Centre, Reid Library, UWA.
Cusack, Danny. (2002). With an olive branch and a shillelagh: The political career of Senator Paddy Lynch (1867-1944) (thesis). Murdoch University. Accessed via Murdoch Digital Theses.

Political parties in Australia
1916 establishments
1910s establishments in Australia
1917 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in Australia
Fracking

Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is forcing fractures in a rock layer, by fluid that is put under pressure. Although it can happen naturally, it is now used as a method to force oil and natural gas from shale.

History and method
Some hydraulic fractures form naturally: certain dykes are examples. This lets gas and petroleum from source rocks get to reservoir rocks. The first use of hydraulic fracturing to extract substances from rock was in 1947.

The modern fracturing technique, called 'horizontal slickwater fracturing', was first used in 1998. It made the extraction of shale gas economically practical. The energy from the injection of a highly pressurized fluid creates new channels in the rock. This increases the extraction rates and recovery of hydrocarbons, which are used for fuel. In 2010 it was estimated that 60% of all new oil and gas wells worldwide were being hydraulically fractured. As of the year 2012, 2.5 million hydraulic fracturing actions have been done on oil and gas wells worldwide, more than one million of them in the United States.

Advantages and disadvantages 
The supporters of hydraulic fracturing point to the economic benefits from the vast amounts of previously out-of-reach hydrocarbons.  

Opponents of fracking point to potentially harmful environmental effects. These include contamination of ground water, risks to air quality, the migration of gases and hydraulic fracturing chemicals to the surface, surface contamination from spills and flowback, and the health effects of these. For these reasons hydraulic fracturing has come under examination. Some countries are suspending or banning it. 

In 2013, some of those countries, including the United Kingdom, lifted their bans.  Now they have regulations instead of outright prohibition.  Fracking can greatly increase the UK gas reserves.

References 

Engineering
Fuel
Rocks
Environmental issues
Deana Carter

Deana Carter (born January 4, 1966) is an American country music singer. She began her career in 1994. In 1996, she had successful singles including Strawberry Wine and How Do I Get There. Carter was born in Nashville, Tennessee.

Awards and nominations

Country musicians from Tennessee
1966 births
Living people
Musicians from Nashville, Tennessee
Singers from Nashville, Tennessee
Gabriele d'Annunzio

General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso  (, , ; 12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes written d'Annunzio, was an Italian writer, poet, journalist and playwright. He was nicknamed "Il Vate" (The Poet) and "Il Profeta" (The Prophet) and he was associated with the Decadent movement.

Works

Novels
Il piacere (1889)
Giovanni Episcopo (1891)
L'innocente (1892)
Il trionfo della morte (The Triumph of Death, 1894)
Le vergini delle rocce (The Maidens of the Rocks, 1895)
Il fuoco ( The Flame of Life: A Novel, 1900)
Forse che sì forse che no (1910)

Tragedies
La città morta (The Dead City: a Tragedy, 1899).
La Gioconda (Gioconda, 1899).
Francesca da Rimini (1902).
L'Etiopia in fiamme (1904).
La figlia di Jorio (1904).
La fiaccola sotto il moggio (1905).
La nave (1908).
Fedra (1909).

Short story collections
Terra vergine (1882)
Le novelle della Pescara (1884–1886)

Poetry collections
Primo vere (1879)
Canto novo (1882)
Poema paradisiaco (1893)
The five books of Laudi del cielo, del mare, della terra e degli eroi (1903–1912)
Maia (Canto Amebeo della Guerra) 
ElettraAlcyoneMerope
Asterope (La Canzone del Quarnaro)Ode alla nazione serba'' (1914)

Notes

Italian writers
Italian poets
Italian playwrights
1863 births
1938 deaths
Kathy Mattea

Kathleen "Kathy" Mattea (born June 21, 1959, West Virginia) is an American Celtic recording artist and country musician. She had multiple strong-charting singles. Some of them are Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses and Where've You Been. Her career began in 1983.

Musicians from West Virginia
American country musicians
1959 births
Living people
Hiroshi Miyamura

Hiroshi H. Miyamura (born October 6, 1925), also known as Hershey Miyamura, was a United States Army soldier.  He received the Medal of Honor because of his actions in the Korean War.

Early life 
Miyamura was born in Gallup, New Mexico to Japanese immigrant parents. He is a Nisei, which means that he is a second generation Japanese-American.

Soldier
Miyamura joined the US Army in January 1945.

Miyamura volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei 100th Infantry Battalion.  This army unit was mostly made up of Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.

After the end of World War II, he became part of the U.S. Army Reserve. He was called to active duty in the Korean War.  He was a prisoner of war for 28 months.

Medal of Honor citation

Miyamura's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting in Korea in 1951. He fought in close quarters combat; and he stayed behind to provide covering fire while his unit withdrew.

The words of Miyamura's citation explain:
Cpl. Miyamura, a member of Company H, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy. On the night of 24 April, Company H was occupying a defensive position when the enemy fanatically attacked threatening to overrun the position. Cpl. Miyamura, a machinegun squad leader, aware of the imminent danger to his men unhesitatingly jumped from his shelter wielding his bayonet in close hand-to-hand combat killing approximately 10 of the enemy. Returning to his position, he administered first aid to the wounded and directed their evacuation. As another savage assault hit the line, he manned his machinegun and delivered withering fire until his ammunition was expended. He ordered the squad to withdraw while he stayed behind to render the gun inoperative. He then bayoneted his way through infiltrated enemy soldiers to a second gun emplacement and assisted in its operation. When the intensity of the attack necessitated the withdrawal of the company Cpl. Miyamura ordered his men to fall back while he remained to cover their movement. He killed more than 50 of the enemy before his ammunition was depleted and he was severely wounded. He maintained his magnificent stand despite his painful wounds, continuing to repel the attack until his position was overrun. When last seen he was fighting ferociously against an overwhelming number of enemy soldiers. Cpl. Miyamura's indomitable heroism and consummate devotion to duty reflect the utmost glory on himself and uphold the illustrious traditions on the military service.

Namesake
Miyamura is the namesake of an area in Gallup, New Mexico.   The Hiroshi H. Miyamura High School is named after him.

An I-40 highway interchange is also named after him.  It is also called the Miyamura Overpass.

Related pages 
 List of living Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients

References

Other websites

1925 births
Living people
People from Gallup, New Mexico
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Yorba Linda, California

Yorba Linda is a city in southern California, in the United States. It is approximately  northeast of Downtown Santa Ana, and  southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2010 census, there are 64,234 people living in the city. In 2006 it was identified as the richest city in the United States by the U.S. Census Bureau that shows a median household income of $121,075 higher than any other.

Yorba Linda is known to have big residential properties. It is also known to have 30 horse trails which are  in overall length.

Richard Nixon, President of the United States, from 1969 to 1974, and Vice President of the United States, from 1953 to 1961, was born there and is the most well known resident there, however his father moved there before it became a city.

History

Pre-colonization
This place was home to Native American tribes once.

Early years
In 1834, Jose Antonio Yorba's most successful son Bernardo Yorba (the city would be later be named after) was granted the  Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana by Mexican governor José Figueroa.

Founding
On November 2, 1967, Yorba Linda was incorporated as a city.

Recent times
In November 2008, the eastern part of the city was struck by a brush fire that destroyed 113 homes and damaged 50 other homes.

Geography
It is bordered by Anaheim on the south, Placentia on the west and southwest, Brea on the northwest, Chino Hills State Park on the north, and Corona on the east and bordered by the counties of San Bernardino and Riverside.

Yorba Linda is the sixth largest city in Orange County after Santa Ana, Irvine, Anaheim, Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.

The two nearest seismic faults are the Whittier Fault and the other is Chino Fault, both of which are part of the Elsinore Fault Zone.

Climate

Notable people
 Sabrina Bryan, The Cheetah Girls songstress and actress
 Danielle Fishel, actress Boy Meets World
 Alli Mauzey, Broadway actress, Wicked, Hairspray, Cry-Baby
 Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States, 36th Vice President of the United States, Senator and Congressman
 Audrina Patridge, actress The Hills
 Atreyu, heavy metal band formed in city in 1998

Places of Interest

 Birthplace of Richard Nixon
 Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum

References

Other websites
 City website 

 
1967 establishments in California
Sanaa Lathan

Sanaa Lathan (born September 19, 1971 in New York City, New York) is an American movie and stage performer who has also done television acts, including Family Matters and Moesha, the latter of which starred the singer Brandy.

Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
1971 births
Living people
Yoshihiko Noda

Yoshihiko Noda  was Prime Minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012. He was leader of the Democratic Party of Japan (Minshuto). He was defeated by Shinzo Abe's party in an election in December 2012.

Noda was born in Funabashi, Chiba. His family was poor.

References

Prime Ministers of Japan
1957 births
Living people
People from Chiba Prefecture
Holy Innocents' Day

Holy Innocents is on December 28. It remembers the killing of the male children of Bethlehem by Herod, as recorded in the Gospel of Matthew. It is not known exactly when the church began celebrating this event. The first mention of the day dates to the year 485.

Related pages
Star of Bethlehem
The Twelve Days of Christmas

References

Christian holidays
December events
480s establishments
The Twelve Days of Christmas

The Twelve Days of Christmas are the festive days which begin on Christmas Day (25 December). This is also known as Christmastide and Twelvetide. The Twelfth Night of Christmas is always on the evening of 5 January. The Twelfth Day can either be before or follow the Twelfth Night according to which Christian tradition is followed. Twelfth Night is followed by the Feast of the Epiphany on 6 January. In some traditions, the first day of Epiphany (6 January) and the twelfth day of Christmas are the same.

Over the centuries, differing churches and sects of Christianity have changed the actual traditions, time frame and their interpretations. St. Stephen's Day (or Boxing Day), for example, is 26 December in the Western Church and 27 December in the Eastern Church. 28 December is Childermas or the Feast of the Innocents. Currently, the twelve days and nights are celebrated in widely varying ways around the world. For example, some give gifts only on Christmas Day, some only on Twelfth Night, and some each of the twelve nights. The song "The Twelve Days of Christmas" is about this giving of gifts.

References

Related pages
Saint Stephen (December 26)
 Saint John the Apostle (December 27)
Holy Innocents' Day (December 28)
Epiphany (holiday) (January 6)

Christmas
Natalia Cigliuti

Natalia Cigliuti (born September 6, 1978, New York City) is a television actress. She acted in many TV programs. The most popular of these include All My Children and Pacific Palisades.

References

Actors from New York
1978 births
Living people
Get Scraped

Get Scraped is the debut full-length album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Get Scraped was released on July 26, 2005 on CD and was also released on June 12, 2006 for digital download.

The tracklist for the 2006 digital download version was rearranged. The 2006 version also featured the acoustic version of "Careless" which replaced both "Message from Nowhere" and "FlashTV".

Songs

Download (2006)

Other websites
Get Scraped at Allmusic

2005 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Vexillology (album)

Vexillology is the second studio album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Vexillology was released on November 6, 2006.

The album is only of two of deadmau5's album that do not feature his signature "mau5head" on the cover art. The name of the album is from the study of flags and their symbols. (Vexillology)

Songs

Other websites
Vexillology at Discogs

2006 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Random Album Title

Random Album Title is the first studio album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Random Album Title was released on November 6, 2006.

The album featured the hit singles "Faxing Berlin" and "I Remember" featuring Kaskade.

The song "Arguru" was written in memory of Juan Antonio Arguelles Rius, an audio-software developer and musician that died in a car accident.

Songs

References

2008 albums
Deadmau5 albums
For Lack of a Better Name

For Lack of a Better Name is the fourth studio album by the Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. It was first released on 22 September 2009 in North America by Ultra Records and deadmau5's record label Mau5trap and worldwide on 5 October 2009 by Virgin Records

The album featured the hit singles "Ghosts 'n' Stuff" featuring Rob Swire and "Strobe", which was featured in an episode of Epic Meal Time which deadmau5 guest starred in. The songs "FML" and "Hi Friend!" were both featured in an episode of Gossip Girl which deadmau5 also appeared on.

The song "Moar Ghosts 'n' Stuff" features samples from the 1957 movie The Brain from Planet Arous and the classical piece Funeral march by composer Frédéric Chopin.

Songs

References

2008 albums
Deadmau5 albums
4×4=12

4×4=12 is the fifth studio album by Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. 4×4=12 was released on 6 December 2010 worldwide and was released on 7 December 2010 in the United States.

The name of the album is a reference to a moment on deadmau5's Ustream channel when he was explaining his live set up for shows and said, 'Yeah, it's in four banks of four, and that equals 16,' and they were like, 'Dude, that's 12'! Everyone started saying it over and over again, and it just caught on."

The album featured the singles "Some Chords", "Animal Rights" with Wolfgang Gartner, "Sofi Needs a Ladder" featuring SOFI and "Raise Your Weapon" featuring Greta Svabo Bech of Picture Book.

The album received a Nomination for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 54th Grammy Awards.

Songs

References

2010 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Margaret Mitchell

Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell (November 8, 1900 – August 16, 1949) was an American novelist. She is best known for writing Gone with the Wind. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia. Her mother's family was Irish Roman Catholic. In Atlanta on 11 August 1949, Mitchell was hit by a car driven by a drunk driver. Five days later, she died of her injuries. The driver was convicted of involuntary manslaughter.

References 

1900 births
1949 deaths
American manslaughter victims
American novelists
Road accident deaths in the United States
Writers from Atlanta, Georgia
Album Title Goes Here

> album title goes here < is the fifth studio album by Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. > album title goes here < was released on September 21, 2012.

The album featured the singles "Maths", "The Veldt" with Chris James, and "Professional Griefers" featuring Gerard Way of My Chemical Romance. The song "Failbait" featured American hip hop group Cypress Hill and the song "Telemiscommunications" featured English recording artist Imogen Heap.

deadmau5 said during a live stream on Ustream that the song "Sleepless" was supposed to have vocals on it but he submitted the wrong file without the vocals and it was the one that was selected to go on the final copy of the album. He said that he would be releasing the real final version of the song for free soon.

The album has received a nomination for Best Dance/Electronica Album for the 55th Grammy Awards.

Songs

References

2012 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Thermal resistance

Thermal resistance is the opposite of thermal conductivity. It is the measure of how much an object resists heat flow.

Physics
Professional Griefers

Professional Griefers is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from American musician Gerard Way from My Chemical Romance. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

Only live recordings of the song as an instrumental could be found around the internet in late 2011 and early 2012. The instrumental version of the song was played during the official launch of Minecraft.

deadmau5 played the song with vocals during a live Internet stream and fans were able to guess that the vocal were performed by Gerard Way because of this distinctive voice. A preview for the song was uploaded on deadmau5's YouTube channel on July 6, 2012 and the song was finally released on iTunes and Beatport on August 14, 2012. 

The song was featured in the soundtrack for Electronic Arts' FIFA 13.

References

2012 songs
deadmau5 songs
Jena Malone

Jena Malone (born November 21, 1984, Sparks, Nevada) is an American actress. She has acted in television programs and in movies, including Contact, Donnie Darko and Stepmom. She has also been in Broadway plays.

Actors from Nevada
Living people
1984 births
The Veldt (song)

"The Veldt" is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from American musician Chris James. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

The song was inspired by the 1950 short story by Ray Bradbury. The song was created during a 22-hour live stream. Chris James was found on Twitter by deadmau5 when James created his own vocal rendition of the song. deadmau5 liked his James' rendition so much that he included it in the official release of the song.

The music video is based on "The Veldt" by Ray Bradbury and is loosely based around the 2010 video game, Limbo.

The song was ranked at #48 on Rolling Stone' list of the 50 best songs of 2012.

References

2012 songs
Deadmau5 songs
Maths (song)

Maths is a song by Canadian house producer deadmau5. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

The song was originally going to be included as the 12th song on the 4×4=12 soundtrack but it wasn't chosen to be on the final version of the album because he could not finish the song in time.

The song was featured in a video which featured deadmau5 on a water scooter riding on Lake Ontario with a helmet camera.

It was first played throughout the Meowingtons Hax Tour before it was released on February 17, 2012.

References

2012 songs
deadmau5 songs
Raise Your Weapon

Raise Your Weapon is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from Greta Svabo Bech. The song is featured on deadmau5's fifth studio album 4×4=12. 

The song starts with a piano melody played in 4/4 time under the vocals and enters then the song enters a dubstep bassline about halfway through the song with the vocals from the beginning repeat.

The song received positive reviews from critics with David Jeffries from Allmusic saying "When the one-two punch of “Raise Your Weapon” and “One Trick Pony” introduce the Mau5’s newfound love of dubstep, you’ve got just enough variety." and Will Hermes of Rolling Stone saying "The masterstroke is "Raise Your Weapon," which breaks down into a sick dubstep beat. "How does it feel now, to watch it burn?" asks singer Greta Svabo Bech before the bass hits".

"Raise Your Weapon" was nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 54th Grammy Awards. deadmau5 also performed the song in a sequence with David Guetta, Chris Brown, Lil Wayne and Foo Fighters, with the songs being "I Can Only Imagine" by Guetta, Brown, and Wayne and "Rope" by The Foo Fighters.

References

2010 songs
deadmau5 songs
Sakuteiki

is the oldest published Japanese text on garden-making. It was written in the mid-to-late 11th century. Various translations in English and French exist.

History
Sakuteiki is considered the oldest garden planning book. It is believed to be the work of Tachibana Toshitsuna.

During the Kamakura period, it was referred to as the Senzai Hisshō (Secret Selection on Gardens).  In the Edo period, it became known as Sakuteiki.

Overview
Sakuteiki is a record of the styles of gardening in the Heian period. It describes five styles of gardening, including
 "Ocean Style" (taikai no yō)  
 "Mountain Torrent Style" (yama kawa no yō) 
 "Broad River Style" (taiga no yō) 
 "Wetland Style" (numa ike no yō) 
 "Reed Style" (ashide no yō)

Related pages
 Japanese garden

References

Gardening
Japanese culture
Calama

Calama is a commune and city of Chile. It is the capital of Province of El Loa, and is in the Region of Antofagasta.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Cities in Chile
Batman (1989 movie)

Batman is a superhero movie directed by Tim Burton. It is based on the DC Comics Batman. Michael Keaton plays Bruce Wayne/Batman, Jack Nicholson plays The Joker and Kim Basinger plays Vicki Vale. The movie was released in 1989.

Many top stars were considered for the role of Batman, including Mel Gibson, Kevin Costner, Charlie Sheen, Pierce Brosnan, Tom Selleck and Bill Murray. Tim Burton was pressured to cast an obvious action movie star. Producer Jon Peters favored Keaton, arguing he had the right "edgy, tormented quality." Having directed Keaton in Beetlejuice, Burton agreed.

Release Dates

Related pages 
 Batman
 The Dark Knight Trilogy
 Batman Returns
 Batman Forever
 Batman & Robin

Other websites 

 
 
 
 
 

1989 movies
Batman (1989 movie series)
Batman movies
Movies based on comic book characters
Movies composed by Danny Elfman
Movies directed by Tim Burton
Warner Bros. movies
Shelley Fabares

Michele Ann Marie Fabares (born January 19, 1944), better known through the stage name Shelley Fabares, is an American movie and television actress and pop singer. Her acting career started around 1947 at age three. She played Mary in The Donna Reed Show. She played Christine Armstrong in the ABC sitcom Coach. 

Fabares was born in Santa Monica, California. She was married to Lou Adler from 1964 until they divorced in 1980. In 1984, she married Mike Farrell. Her aunt was actress Nanette Fabray.

References

Actors from Santa Monica, California
1944 births
Living people
American pop singers
Democrats (United States)
Singers from California
American movie actors
American television actors
Gosei (questions)

For other uses, see Gosei.
 is a mental exercise for thinking over the events of each day.  Gosei are a series of questions which each cadet is expected to ask himself each day.  These five open-ended questions are part of the traditions of Japan's Naval Academy.

History
In the early 1930s, the related Gosei concepts were created by Vice Admiral Hajime Matsushita when he was the Chief of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy. 

In the late-Shōwa period, the Japan Maritime Self Defense Force (JMSDF) encouraged the use of the Gosei as a self-examination exercise.  In today's JMSDF, Gosei is supposed to be one of the ordinary parts of daily living.

Questions
Every evening, Japan's Navy cadets are expected to think carefully about a their actions during the course of the day.  This opportunity for self-reflection is guided by the set of five questions,  including
 Have you not gone against sincerity
 Have you not felt ashamed of your words and deeds
 Have you not lacked vigor
 Have you not exerted all possible efforts
 Have you not become slothful

The Gosei questions have been translated into English for discussion at the United States Naval Academy.

References

Other websites	
  Precepts of Ieyasu Tokugawa" at Wikisource

Japanese culture
Gosei (competition)

For other uses, see Gosei.
The  is a Japanese competition event for expert players of Go.  It is also the title which is earned by the winner of the competition.

References

Japanese culture
Above the Rim

Above the Rim is a 1994 American urban sports crime drama movie directed by Jeff Pollack. Tupac Shakur and Bernie Mac star. The movie is set in New York City and is about drugs and basketball. Marlon Wayans is also in the cast.

Sources

Other websites 

1994 crime movies
1994 drama movies
1990s crime drama movies
1990s sports movies
American crime drama movies
American sports movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New York City
Sports drama movies
Silver Linings Playbook

Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic drama movie. It stars Bradley Cooper as a bipolar man who has recently been discharged from a psychiatric hospital, where he was sent after attacking his wife's lover. Jennifer Lawrence as Tiffany and Robert De Niro as Pat Sr. This movie is set in Pennsylvania in 2008. It was based on the novel of the same name. Most movie critics gave the movie good reviews.

Release dates

Other websites 

2012 drama movies
2012 romance movies
2010s romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Bipolar disorder in fiction
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Pennsylvania
Movies set in the 2000s
Movies directed by David O. Russell
Insurgency in North-east India

Various groups are involved in the Insurgency in Northeast India, India's northeast states, which are connected to the rest of the Republic of India by a narrow strip of land known as the Siliguri Corridor. In the region several armed factions operate. Some groups call for a separate state, others for regional autonomy, while some extreme groups demand complete independence.

Related pages
List of ongoing armed conflicts

 
Northeast India
Insurgencies
Rebellions in Asia
Dalitstan.org

Dalitstan.org was a Dalit advocacy website active until mid-2006. It was one of 18 websites that were blocked by the Indian government following the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings.

The website claimed to be run by Dalitstan, a "Human Rights Organization working for the Upliftment of Dalits, the Untouchables of India". Note that -stan is a suffix for "place of" or "country", and forms part of the name of many places throughout Central and South Asia. Dalitstan would mean "place or country of the Dalits".

Claims and counter-claims
The website stated that the Dalits were the original people of India who created the Harappan civilization, and described the Brahmins as the descendants of the Aryan invaders who enslaved them.

Dibyesh Anand of the University of Westminster described Dalitstan.org as a Dalit nationalist group that also acted as a forum for anti-India Christian and Muslim advocacy.

Blocked by the Indian government
Dalitistan.org was one of 18 websites that were blocked in India by the Ministry of Telecommunications of the Government in July 2006. The purpose of the block was to try to stop terror and hate messages on the Internet following the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings.

History of domain
The website was started in 1999. The domain was registered by Helen Heklund, with an address in Granbury, Texas. The website was taken down sometime after May 2006. The domain registration lapsed (expired). The rights to the name were then purchased by someone else.

References

Nationalist organizations in India
Separatist movements of India