cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Sachin Tendulkar

Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar   (born 24 April 1973 in Mumbai) is a former Indian cricketer. He has the highest number of runs in both Test cricket and One Day Internationals. He also has the highest number of centuries in both formats of the game. His last Test match being played against the West Indies.He always honoured better players than him like Garfield Sobers or Don Bradman.

100th international century
Tendulkar scored his much awaited 100th international hundred on 16 March 2012 against Bangladesh in the Asia Cup. He became the first person in history to achieve this feat. Incidentally, it was Tendulkar's first ODI hundred against Bangladesh. He said "It's been a tough phase for me ... I was not thinking about the milestone, the media started all this, wherever I went, the restaurant, room service, everyone was talking about the 100th hundred. Nobody talked about my 99 hundreds. It became mentally tough for me because nobody talked about my 99 hundreds."

National honours of sachin 
 1994 - Arjuna Award, by the Government of India in recognition of his outstanding achievement in sports.
 1997-98 - Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, India's highest honour given for achievement in sports.
 1999 - Padma Shri, India's 'fourth' highest civilian award.
 2001 - Maharashtra Bhushan Award, Maharashtra State's highest Civilian Award.
 2008 - Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian award.
 2014 - Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.

Gallery

References

Other websites
 Official website
 Full Information about sachin in simple 

1973 births
Living people
People from Mumbai
Indian cricketers
Ethelbert Nevin

Ethelbert Woodbridge Nevin (born near Pittsburgh, November 25, 1862; died in New Haven, Connecticut, February 17, 1901) was an American pianist and composer.  He is remembered for a small number of romantic songs and piano pieces which became extremely popular in the early 20th century.

Life

Nevin was born  in 1862, at Vineacre, on the river Ohio, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  He grew up there.  His father was a newspaper editor and he taught the young boy most subjects.  His mother played the piano.  The family bought a grand piano, which was the first grand piano ever to be taken across the Allegheny Mountains.

Ethelbert showed musical promise when he was very young.  His brother and cousins were also musical.  When he was four he was playing the piano with cushions on the floor so that he could reach the pedals.  His father took him to Dresden for two years to study music.  He also studied in Pittsburgh and in Boston.

He started his career giving piano lessons.  When he had earned enough money he went to Berlin where he had lessons from Karl Klindworth, who was a good teacher for him.  He showed Nevin how important it was to have a good general knowledge, and not just to spend hours and hours practising the piano.  This helped Nevin, who had good tastes in literature and he chose some good poems to make into songs.

In 1885 he was invited to join a group who had lessons from  Hans von Bülow.  He played works by of Brahms, Liszt, and Raff. Cosima Wagner and Joseph Joachim often came to the concerts given by this group.

In 1887 he went back to America and lived in Boston, where he taught and played in some concerts.  He asked Richard Strauss to teach him composition but Strauss did not accept him.

In 1892 he went to Paris, where he taught singing, and helped many American and French opera singers to learn their parts for singing in operas.   He worked very hard and his health got bad.  He spent his last years in several European places and then he went back to America.  He died in 1901.

His music

Nevin's music is romantic, and sometimes rather sentimental for modern tastes.  His best known piece is "Narcissus" from Water Scenes.  These pieces were used by the dancer Isadora Duncan to dance to.  He also wrote a famous song called "The Rosary" and "Mighty Lak' a Rose".
 
Nevin was pictured on a 1940 ten cent U.S. postage stamp.

Bibliography
New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie; 1980,

Other websites
  online book

1862 births
1901 deaths
American composers
American pianists
Bahía Lomas

Bahía Lomas is a protected wetland area in Chile. It was declared as a legal measure of protecting the site, which is expected to be nominated as a Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve under the RAMSAR Convention.

References

Other websites

Complete List Ramsar Wetlands
Gallery 
RAMSAR Chile

Conservation
Destroy All Humans! Path of the Furon

Destroy All Humans! Path of the Furon is the 4th Destroy All Humans! in the series first released December 1, 2008 in North America for the Xbox 360. The game is made by THQ's Sandblast Games studio for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3.

Gameplay 
Destroy All Humans! Path of the Furon has around 30 story missions, 20 side quests, and multiplayer modes. As with previous games in the series, most story missions can be played in any order. Creative director Jon Knoles said that the side quests would have something to do with the story.

The player plays as Crypto, an alien. He can shoot humans, use the jet pack, and use Psychokinesis at the same time. There are now flying enemies, like helicopters and Nexo UFO's that can attack Crypto while he is in his UFO. Buildings can be destroyed and scarred in different ways when attacked with different weapons. The game has a new alert scheme with police, SWAT, military awareness, and Nexo alert. Electricity goes through power lines when damage is caused to them. The player can exit and enter some buildings during some missions.

Reception 

The game was given 34/100 by the site Metacritic.

Sources 

2008 video games
Destroy All Humans!
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 3 games
THQ games
The Simpsons: Hit & Run

The Simpsons Hit & Run is an action-adventure video game based on the animated sitcom (comedy TV show) The Simpsons. It was released for the Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, PlayStation 2, and Windows in the United States on September 16, 2003 and in Europe on October 31, 2003. The game was developed or made by Radical Entertainment and published or was put out to be sold by Vivendi Universal. To make the game harder and more fun, the story and dialogue were written by the writers of the TV show. The voices were supplied by the cast of The Simpsons.

The game follows the Simpson family and the people who live in Springfield, who see many strange things that happen in their town. When the Simpsons themselves decide to find out what is going on, they find out that aliens Kang and Kodos are filming a reality television series about the city. To make the show more interesting, the aliens release Buzz Cola, a soda that makes people go crazy, into Springfield's water supply. With help from Professor Frink, Homer is able to  destroy the aliens' spaceship, and Springfield and its people are returned to normal.

The game received mostly positive, or good reviews from video game critics. Praise was given mostly on how much the game is was like the show and its funny take on the Grand Theft Auto III video game. The game received the award for Fave Video Game at the 2004 Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards. More than three million copies of the game were sold as of June 2007.

Gameplay
Hit & Run has seven levels, each with missions and a unique plot. The player can only move, or control one certain character in each level. The game's playable characters are Homer Simpson, Bart Simpson, Lisa Simpson, Marge Simpson, and Apu Nahasapeemapetilon. When walking, the playing character can walk, run, and perform many attacks: a normal kick, a jumping kick, and a smashing move. To drive, the player can either drive one of the many vehicles that are on the road, a feature taken from Grand Theft Auto 3, or use a phone booth to choose a car. The game's driving missions are also similar to those of Grand Theft Auto 3. In both games, the player races against other characters, gets items before a timer runs out, and wrecks other cars.

References

Notes

Other websites
 
 

2003 video games
PlayStation 2 games
Xbox games
Windows games
Nintendo GameCube games
Video games based on television shows
The Simpsons
Brandy

Brandy is a type of alcoholic beverage. It has about 36%-60% alcohol (60-120 proof). It is from a distillation of fermented fruit juices or fruit mash. The color is amber/brown. It has a sweet flavor. It is normally an after dinner drink.

Labelling of grades 
Brandy has a traditional age grading system, although its use is unregulated outside of Cognac and Armagnac. These indicators can usually be found on the label near the brand name:

 V.S. ("very special") or ✯✯✯ (three stars) designates a blend in which the youngest brandy has been stored for at least two years in a cask.
 V.S.O.P. ("very superior old pale"), Reserve or ✯✯✯✯✯ (five stars) designates a blend in which the youngest brandy is stored for at least four years in a cask.
 XO ("extra old") or Napoléon designates a blend in which the youngest brandy is stored for at least six years.
 Hors d'âge ("beyond age") is a designation which is formally equal to XO for Cognac, but for Armagnac designates brandy that is at least ten years old. In practice the term is used by producers to market a high-quality product beyond the official age scale.

References

Related pages
Regency (brandy)

Alcoholic spirits
NASDAQ

NASDAQ is a stock exchange in New York City. It stands for National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations. About 3,800 companies trade on it. It is owned by a company called Nasdaq, Inc.

NASDAQt was founded in 1971 by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD).

References 

1971 establishments in the United States
Companies based in New York City
 
Stock exchanges in the United States
Internet Engineering Task Force

The Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF, is the main organization that researches and promotes new Internet standards. It is an open volunteer organization.

A Request for Comments, or RFC, is a document from the IETF. These are divided into several categories: Informational, Historical, and Standard-track. Only Standard-track are Internet Standards.

References

1986 establishments in the United States
Internet standards
Internet-related organizations
Iranian Arabs

Iranian Arabs عربان ايرانی are the Arabic-speaking peoples of Iran. Most Iranian Arabs live in the coastal regions of southern Iran by the Persian Gulf. Iranian Arab communities are also found in Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates.

Arab people
Iran
Ethnic groups in Asia
Tibetan Muslims

The Tibetan Muslims, also known as the Kachee (Kache), are a small minority in Tibet. Despite being Muslim, they are classified as Tibetans. The Tibetan word Kachee literally means Kashmiri and Kashmir was known as Kachee Yul (Yul = Country).

The small number of Tibetan Muslims live throughout Tibet. ,Many of them can be found in Lhasa and Shigatse. Some live outside the Tibet Autonomous Region. These ethnic groups such as the Balti (indigenous people) and Burig are of Tibetan origin and consider themselves to be ethnically Tibetan, are Muslims as well. These other groups, however, are mainly found in the Occupied Kashmir's Ladakh area and the Pakistani-admnistered Baltistan.

Tibet
Ethnic groups in China
Islam
Lure, Haute-Saône

Lure is a French city in the Haute-Saône department in eastern France. About  people live there.

Cities in France
Communes in Haute-Saône
Subprefectures in France
Burnout Paradise

Burnout Paradise is the seventh video game of the Burnout series made by Criterion Games. It was released in January 2008 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and on February 5, 2009 on Microsoft Windows. It was also released on the PlayStation Store in September 2008. It has an open world set in the fictional Paradise City.

2008 video games
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 3 games
Windows games
The Wave 96.4 FM

The Wave is a local radio station in South Wales. It is available on 96.4 FM, digital radio and on the Internet, in Swansea, Llanelli, Neath and Port Talbot. It plays a mix of popular music and news.

Radio stations in the United Kingdom
Welsh culture
1995 establishments in the United Kingdom
1990s establishments in Wales
The Big Top 40 Show

The Big Top 40 Show is a commercial record chart show broadcast on radio stations in the United Kingdom. It is powered by the download company iTunes.

British music
British record charts
Henryk Szeryng

Henryk Szeryng (pronounce: SHERR-ing), (born Żelazowa Wola, Poland, 22 September 1918; died Kassel, 8 March 1988) was a Polish-born violinist who later became Mexican. He is thought to be one of the greatest violinists of his time.

Early Years 

Szeryng was born in a very small village called Żelazowa Wola in Poland. The famous composer Chopin had also been born in this village. Henryk started to learn the piano from his mother when he was five. When he was seven he changed to the violin. His violin teacher was Maurice Frenkel who had been an assistant to the famous violin teacher Leopold Auer. Four years later he went to Berlin to study with Carl Flesch who was a wonderful teacher for him. Szerynk later said: “Everything I know about the violin I learned from him. After three years he went to Paris to have lessons with Jacques Thibaud at the Paris Conservatory. He got the first prize in 1937. He also studied composition in Paris with Nadia Boulanger, and continued studying with her until 1939.

Career 

He gave his first solo performance on 6 January 1933 playing the Brahms Violin Concerto with the Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra. Szeryng spoke seven languages fluently, so when World War II broke out he became an official interpreter for the Polish government which was based in exile in London. He went with the prime minister to Mexico to find a home for refugees. During the war he gave more than 300 concerts for Allied troops all over the world. During one of these concerts in Mexico City he was given the job of being head of the string department of the university there.

In 1946, he became a naturalized citizen of Mexico.

Szeryng spent several years teaching the violin. Then the pianist Artur Rubinstein told him he ought to perform again, so in 1954 he started to give concerts once more. He spent the rest of his life touring all over the world playing the violin. He made many recordings, and also played many works by Mexican composers, helping them to make their music better known. He became Mexico’s special advisor at UNESCO in Paris. He continued to spend some time teaching, especially in Mexico. He owned several wonderful violins, some of which he gave away.

He died in Kassel.

His playing 
Szeryng is remembered for the beautiful tone that he made. He had an amazing technique. He always played very precisely in tune, even “bending” notes slightly to make his intonation very expressive. He could get different qualities of sound by turning the bow slightly or by changing the speed of his vibrato. He was able to play with great emotion in a very individual way.

References 
Legendary Violinists

Mexican musicians
Polish musicians
1918 births
1988 deaths
Elin Nordegren

Elin Maria Pernilla Nordegren Woods (born January 1, 1980) was a Swedish model and former wife of Tiger Woods. Nordegren and Woods divorced in 2010.

References 

1980 births
Living people
Swedish models
Ivana Trump

Ivana Trump  (born Ivana Marie Zelníčková; (); February 20, 1949) is a Czech businesswoman, former Olympic skiier and model. She is best known for her marriage to Donald Trump, which ended in divorce. They had three children together, Donald Trump Jr, Ivanka Trump, and Eric Trump.

In 2010, she was a contestant in the British version of Celebrity Big Brother.

References

1949 births
Living people
Czech businesspeople
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
Czech sportspeople
Trump family
Elasmotherium

Elasmotherium is an extinct giant rhinoceros.

It lived from 2.6 million years ago (mya) to about 50,000 years ago. Fossils have been found in Europe and Asia. This giant lived and grazed on the Eurasian steppes (grasslands).

Description 
Elasmotherium was a heavily-built quadruped that walked on four hoofed legs.  Its legs were longer than those of other rhinos and were adapted for galloping, giving it a horse-like gait.

It probably had a large horn on its forehead, but fossils of the horn have not been found. The teeth were tall-crowned and were covered with cement and wrinkled enamel. Its mouth at the front was a beak; there are no teeth in front of the molars.

Morphology
The specimens of E. sibiricum are up to  in body length with shoulder heights over . E. caucasicum was at least  in body length with an estimated mass of . This is based on isolated molars which are larger than those of the Siberian species. 

Both species were among the largest in the family Rhinocerotidae, comparable in size to the woolly mammoth and larger than the woolly rhinoceros. The feet were unguligrade, the front larger than the rear, with 4 digits at the front and 3 at the rear.

References 

Rhinoceroses
Master of Science

Master of Science (usually abbreviated MSc) is a postgraduate degree. It is awarded by universities. Usually, it is awarded for studies in natural sciences or Engineering. A Master of Science is usually awarded after a Bachelor of Science, and after presenting an academic thesis work. It is required for many jobs especially in research. It is usually required to start a doctorate.

Academic degrees
Natural sciences

There are some sciences that are used to study nature. According to these sciences, the things that can be observed in nature follow certain rules. These rules are often unknown, and natural sciences are about finding them. They often use what is called the scientific method to do this.

 Physics looks at how nature is made, and how different fields of nature relate to each other.
 Chemistry is about the elements, their combinations, and their reactions.
 Biology looks at living organisms, their development, and how they interact with each other.
 Geology looks at how the earth developed and what it looks like.

Some sciences, like Mathematics, can help in all of the above. They make it easier to talk about rules and models.

Other sciences that mainly look at how humans think and behave, and about their society are called social sciences.

Overview
The natural sciences are used to make new things (applied science). The natural sciences are guides to test new ideas. They are used to solve engineering problems and technology problems. Math helps the natural sciences to solve problems and make new things. Computers do this too. Computers and math are tools for the natural sciences.

The following sciences are natural sciences: 
 Astronomy 
 Biology 
 Chemistry 
 Earth science 
 Physics 
 Atmospheric science 
 Oceanography 
 Materials sciences
Concentric zone model

The Concentric zone model, or Burgess model is a model to explain how a settlement, such as a city, will grow. It was developed by Ernest W. Burgess between 1925 and 1929. Burgess looked at the growth of Chicago in the late 19th and early 20th century. Many people moved to Chicago at that time. 

The model was the first to explain why certain groups of people lived in certain areas of the city. Burgess said that there were circles around the center of the city. The circle a piece of land was in determined how it was used. Burgess saw different zones, starting at the center:
The Central Business District - the center of the city
A zone of mixed use with both commercial buildings and residential ones.
Low-class residential homes; these were later called inner suburbs - housing is cheap, standard of living is low.
Higher-class residential zone; later called outer suburbs. Better quality of life, more expensive to live there.
Commuter zone

Burgess saw that richer people tended to live farther away from the city center. When the city grew, the city center would grow; the rings would also shift outwards.

The model also has some problems, for example:
It assumes that the city can grow in every direction; physical features often limit city growth, though.
Commuter villages cannot be explained with the model; they are far from the city, but often have cheap housing.

Related pages 
 Grid plan
 Sector model
 Multiple nuclei model
 Linear city model

Urban planning
Urban geography
Packet (computing)

In Information technology, a packet is collection of data that can be used by computers which need to communicate with each other, usually as part of a  network. Some computers and networks do not use packets to communicate. But most currently do, including nearly all computers on the Internet. Packets allow many computers on a  network to communicate more quickly and easily.

Structure 
A packet consists of two kinds of data: packet information and packet data (or payload). If you think of a packet like a letter in the mail, the control information is like the outside of the envelope. There's an address that says where to send the letter, and a stamp that says how to send it (fast or slow). Similarly, the computer uses the control information in the packet to decide where, and how, to send the data. People aren't usually interested in the control information.

The user data is like the inside of the envelope. It is the actual information the computer is trying to send. This might be any kind of digital data, such as words, pictures, music, or computer programs. It's generally for people or computers to use, but not for the packet system to use. 

Different communication protocols put the control information and user information in different places, or make it look different. But they still do the same thing.

Problems 
Sometimes the computers make mistakes while transmitting data, or have trouble "hearing" each other. So many packets use a checksum or cyclic redundancy check to make sure they have the right information. This is usually one component of the control information. This helps to make sure the packets themselves have the right information. But then computers also need to get the right packets.

Designing computer networks can be difficult. Even though today's computers are very advanced, sometimes information doesn't arrive where it's supposed to. Sometimes computers try to fix this and end up sending it twice. And sometimes the information doesn't arrive in the right order. The Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP, was invented to fix these problems. But since it is complex, some computers use the User Datagram Protocol, or UDP, instead.

Computers
Errors and residuals in statistics

Statistical errors and residuals occur because measurement is never exact.

It is not possible to do an exact measurement, but it is possible to say how accurate a measurement is. One can measure the same thing again and again, and collect all the data together. This allows us to do statistics on the data. What is meant by errors and residuals is the difference between the observed or measured value and the real value, which is unknown. 

If there is only one random variable, the difference between statistical errors and residuals is the difference between the mean of the population against the mean of the (observed) sample. In that case the residual is the difference between what the probability distribution says, and what was actually measured.

Suppose there is an experiment to measure the height of 21-year-old men from a certain area. The mean of the distribution is 1.75 m. If one man chosen at random is 1.80 m tall, the "(statistical) error" is 0.05 m (5 cm); if he is 1.70 tall, the error is −5 cm.

A residual (or fitting error), on the other hand, is an observable estimate of the unobservable statistical error.  The simplest case involves a random sample of n men whose heights are measured.  The sample mean is used as an estimate of the population mean.  Then we have:

The difference between the height of each man in the sample and the unobservable population mean is a statistical error, and
The difference between the height of each man in the sample and the observable sample mean is a residual.

The sum of the residuals within a random sample must be zero. The residuals are therefore not independent. The sum of the statistical errors within a random sample need not be zero; the statistical errors are independent random variables if the individuals are chosen from the population independently.

In sum:
Residuals are observable; statistical errors are not.
Statistical errors are often independent of each other; residuals are not (at least in the simple situation described above, and in most others).

Related pages
 Standard error
Quartet

Generally speaking, a quartet is a group of four. In music, a quartet is a group of four people playing or singing four different parts to make a piece of music, such as a string quartet or a barbershop quartet.

References 

Music
Bank and Monument stations

Bank and Monument are interlinked stations, officially one station known operationally as the "Bank-Monument complex". However, separate names are used on station entrances, platforms and the tube map. The complex spans the length of King William Street in the City of London. Together they form the eighth busiest station on the network, being served by five London Underground lines and the Docklands Light Railway (DLR). 
The two parts of the combined station take their names from the nearby Bank of England and the Monument to the Great Fire of London. The complex is in Travelcard Zone 1.

Bus connections 
London Buses routes  8, 11, 21, 23, 25, 26, 40, 43, 76, 133, 141, 242 and 388 and night bus routes N8, N11, N21, N26, N76, N133, N550 and N551 serve the station.

Gallery

Related pages 
 List of London Underground stations

References

Other websites 

 A diagram of the Bank/Monument station complex
 Another diagram (in colour)
 Bank Station  from the Open Guide to London
 History of Bank station, including a picture just after the 1941 bomb
 London Transport Museum Photographic Archive 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 More photographs of Bank station

Tube stations in the City of London
Central line stations
Northern line stations
Circle line stations
District line stations
Docklands Light Railway stations
Barbican tube station

Barbican is a London Underground station serving the Barbican Centre in the City of London, England.  It is on the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. It is between Farringdon and Moorgate. It is in Travelcard Zone 1. First Capital Connect trains used to stop at this station on their way to Moorgate station, but this stopped in March 2009. The outbound service calling here was abandoned many years before.

Service patterns

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Babican tube station on "All in London"
 Map of the Tube

Circle line stations
Hammersmith & City line stations
Metropolitan line stations
Tube stations in the City of London
1865 establishments in the United Kingdom
Railway stations served by First Capital Connect
Barking station

Barking station is a railway station served by National Rail, London Underground and London Overground services. It is in Barking in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in East London. The station is in Zone 4 and is managed by c2c.

Gallery

References

Other websites 
 Station information from Transport for London
 Station information from National Rail
 Station information from c2c (broken link) 

Barking
District line stations
Hammersmith & City line stations
London Overground stations
Barking
Barkingside tube station

Barkingside tube station is a London Underground station on the Central Line. It has been in Travelcard Zone 4 since 2 January 2007. It is on the eastern edge of Barkingside in the London Borough of Redbridge, at the end of a cul-de-sac called Station Road. The station is above ground and has two platforms - northbound and southbound.  The station is located at .

Gallery

References

Other websites

 London Transport Museum Photographic Archive 
 
 
 

London Travelcard zone 4
Barons Court tube station

Barons Court is a London Underground station on the District and Piccadilly lines. It is in West Kensington, Greater London. The station is located on Gliddon Road, a short distance from Talgarth Road (A4) in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Barons Court is between West Kensington and Hammersmith on the District Line, and between Earl's Court and Hammersmith on the Piccadilly Line. It is in Travelcard Zone 2.

Related pages
List of London Underground stations

References

Other websites

 London's Transport Museum Photographic Archive 
  In the distance can be seen the Great Ferris wheel at Earl's Court exhibition ground.
 
 
 

District line stations
Piccadilly line stations
Grade II listed buildings in London
Grade II listed railway stations
Bayswater tube station

Bayswater is a London Underground station. It is in Travelcard Zone 1. It is on the Circle and District lines.  It is between Notting Hill Gate and Paddington.

Gallery

References 

Circle line stations
District line stations
London Travelcard zone 1
Tube stations in the City of Westminster
Beckton DLR station

Beckton DLR station is the eastern terminus of the Beckton branch of the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in the Docklands area of east London. The DLR branch from Poplar was opened on 28 March 1994.

Gallery

Other websites

Docklands Light Railway website - Beckton station page

Docklands Light Railway stations
Transport in the London Borough of Newham
London Travelcard zone 3
Beckton Park DLR station

Beckton Park DLR station is a station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in the Docklands area of east London. The station is located by the north quay (wharf) of the Royal Albert Dock (though no foot access is possible). The station is opposite Beckton District South Park, which is open space leading to housing in South Beckton.

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Docklands Light Railway website – Beckton Park station page

Docklands Light Railway stations
Transport in the London Borough of Newham
London Travelcard zone 3
Becontree tube station

Becontree Station is a London Underground station on the District Line, in Becontree. The station is in Zone 5.

References 

District line stations
London Travelcard zone 5
Transport in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham
Balham station

Balham station is the name given to the London Underground and the National Rail stations in the Balham area of south London, England.  The station is on the A24 Balham High Road in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It is in Travelcard Zone 3.

References

Other websites 

 London's Transport Museum Photographic Archive

Gallery 

Northern line stations
Transport in the London Borough of Wandsworth
Railway stations opened in 1863
Methadone

Methadone is a synthetic opioid. It is used as an analgesic. Besides relieving pain, it is also used to treat addiction to certain narcotics, and some illegal drugs. Methadone can also lead to: memory loss, shortness of breath, throat pains, stomach aches, and anxiety attacks.

References 

Opioids
Addiction
Red Dragon FM

Red Dragon FM was a radio station in South East Wales, broadcasting to Cardiff, Newport and the surrounding areas. Colleagues are The Wave 96.4 FM, 95.8 Capital FM and Gold. In 2010 the name of the company changed to Capital FM. Some of the competitions and other content w were removed as part of a clean-up process due to happen in other capitals in the United Kingdom.

Radio stations in the United Kingdom
Welsh culture
Soapy Smith

Jefferson Randolph "Soapy" Smith II (November 2, 1860 - July 8, 1898) was an American confidence trickster and gangster. He was a major figure in organized crime in Colorado and Skagway, Alaska.

He was born in Coweta County, Georgia. He was killed in a shootout in Skagway when he was 37.

References

1860 births
1898 deaths
American gangsters
Deaths by firearm in the United States
People from Georgia (U.S. state)
Paul Williams (songwriter)

Paul Hamilton Williams (born September 19, 1940 in Omaha, Nebraska) is an American musician, songwriter and actor.

As a boy, Williams auditioned for a role in a television series, Circus Boy, which went to another boy, young Micky Dolenz. Ten years later, Williams auditioned for The Monkees, and was again beaten out for a role by Dolenz. There were no hard feelings between the two, and the Monkees later recorded "Someday Man", which Williams cowrote with Roger Nichols.

Williams's songs include hits for Three Dog Night ("An Old Fashioned Love Song", "Family of Man", "Out in the Country"), Helen Reddy ("You and Me Against the World"), and the Carpenters ("Rainy Days and Mondays," "I Won't Last a Day Without You," and "We've Only Just Begun"). He wrote many songs with Kenneth Ascher, including "The Rainbow Connection", featured in The Muppet Movie.

His acting credits include roles in Battle for the Planet of the Apes, Phantom of the Paradise (a retelling of Phantom of the Opera; Williams also wrote the music), Little Enos Burdette in Smokey and the Bandit, and Miguelito Loveless Jr. in The Wild Wild West Revisited.

In 2013, Paul Williams was revealed to be working with French electronic duo Daft Punk on their album Random Access Memories singing the song "Touch" and co-wrote "Beyond".

Other websites
 

1940 births
Living people
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
American folk musicians
American movie actors
American pop singers
American rock musicians
American songwriters
American television actors
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Singers from Omaha, Nebraska
Injection

An injection, known as a shot is putting liquid into the body, usually with a needle and a syringe. There are many different kinds of injections, such as:
 Intradermal (just under the top layer of the skin)
 Subcutaneous (into the fat layer under the skin)
 Intramuscular (into a muscle)
 Intravenous (into a vein) 
 Intraosseous (into a bone)
 Intraperitoneal (into the abdominal cavity)

Injections can be used to prevent illness or to give medicine.

Injections that prevent illness put a dead or weakened version of the virus they want to prevent into the body. The body then 'remembers' the virus to make future encounters of the virus easier to manage.

Medical procedures
Western Desert cultural bloc

The Western Desert cultural bloc or just Western Desert is a cultural region in Australia covering about 600 000 square kilometres, including the Gibson Desert, the Great Victoria Desert, the Great Sandy Desert and Little Sandy Deserts in the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia. The Western Desert can be said to stretch from the Nullarbor in the south to the Kimberley region of Western Australia in the north, and from the Percival Lakes in the west through to the Pintupi lands in the Northern Territory.

This term is often used by anthropologists and linguists when discussing the 40 or so Aboriginal groups that live there, who speak dialects of one language, often called the Western Desert language.

Indigenous Australian culture
Regions of Australia
The Lonely Island

The Lonely Island is an American comedy group made of three people. The people are Andy Samberg, Jorma Taccone, and Akiva Schaffer. They are from Berkeley, California, but are now based in New York City. They work for Saturday Night Live. They are known for songs such as "I'm On A Boat", "Like a Boss", "Jizz in My Pants", "Dick in a Box", and "Lazy Sunday". They have three albums called Incredibad, Turtleneck and Chain and The Wack Album.

Background 
The three members of the Lonely Island (Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer, and Jorma Taccone) all grew up in Berkeley, California, and met in junior high school. The three friends moved to Los Angeles and rented an apartment, which they called the Lonely Island.

Saturday Night Live 
With increasing recognition, the trio was invited to write parts of the 2005 MTV Movie Awards, which Jimmy Fallon was hosting. Impressed with their material, he brought them to the attention of Lorne Michaels, the producer of Saturday Night Live, who agreed to see them.  

Samberg auditioned for the show. He was the only member of TLI who had also been doing stand-up comedy in his free time He was called back for a second audition a few weeks later and was invited to be a cast member; Schaffer and Taccone were invited to join the writing staff based on their work in the trio. Since their arrival on SNL, the group has written some of the most popular bits in recent SNL history, most notably, the SNL Digital Shorts.

MacGruber 
The group also made the skit "MacGruber", in which Will Forte plays a MacGyver parody as the main character. In every episode, MacGruber is trapped with his helpers, played by Kristen Wiig (originally Maya Rudolph) and a third person, usually the episode's host and occasionally Richard Dean Anderson as MacGyver, in a room with a bomb that is about to explode.  

MacGruber starts asking for simple objects to make something to stop the bomb, but he is later distracted by something (usually involving his personal life) that makes him run out of time. Every skit ends with the bomb and place where they are in exploding. All of the skits are directed by Taccone (except for 2 episodes which were directed by writer John Solomon).

Incredibad 

The Lonely Island released their first album, Incredibad, on February 10, 2009, on Universal Republic Records. Many of the songs on the album debuted on Saturday Night Live as SNL Digital Shorts. The album also includes a DVD featuring some of the digital shorts. 

Collaborators on the album include T-Pain, Norah Jones, Jack Black, E-40, Julian Casablancas of The Strokes, Sly & Robbie, DJ Nu-Mark, J-Zone, Natalie Portman, Chris Parnell, and Justin Timberlake.

Other websites 
Official Website

American comedy bands
Hip hop bands
Musicians from Berkeley, California
2011 establishments in the United States
Valve Corporation

Valve Corporation is an American video game developer and digital distributor company in Bellevue, Washington. It was founded in 1996 by Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington, two Microsoft employees in the past. The company is widely known for Steam and its critically acclaimed first-person shooter series, Half-Life, with the first being released in 1998. Also, the company develops the SteamOS. The company plans to make popular the all-in-one hardware, called Steam Deck, by the first half of 2022.

Games developed by Valve

References

Other websites 
 Valve Software - Official Website
 Steam - Official Website

American video game companies
1996 establishments in the United States
Companies based in Washington
Sistan and Baluchestan Province

Sistān o Balūchestān  is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southeast of the country. It has borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan. Its capital is Zahedan. 

The province is the largest in Iran, with an area of 181,785 km² and a population of 2.4 million. The counties of the province are Iran Shahr, Chabahar, Khash, Zabol, Zahedan, Saravan, and Nik Shahr.

The region is also home to Iran's Baloch Sunni minority.

References

Other websites

Provinces of Iran
Balochistan (region)

Balochistan or Baluchistan is an arid region on the Iranian plateau. The plateau is in Southwest Asia and South-central Asia, between Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. The area is named after the numerous Baloch tribes.  The Baloch are of Aryan and other races who moved into the area from the west around A.D. 1000.  All natives are considered Baloch even if they do not speak the Balochi language; Pashto, Persian, Hazaragi language, and Brahui languages are also spoken in the region. The southern part of Balochistan is known as Makran. Now it is recognised by UNPO as an Unrepresented Nation.

Topography 
Baluchistan's landscape is made of barren, rugged mountains and fertile land. During the summer, some regions of Baluchistan are the hottest. Most of the land is barren, particularly the Iranian and Afghan side of the region. Relatively few people live there. In the south (Makran) is the desert through which Alexander the Great passed with great difficulty.

Other websites
 Persia (Iran), Afghanistan and Baluchistan is an old map, written in English, from 1897 of Baluchistan and two other areas.
Afghanistan, Beloochistan, etc. is another old map, published by the Methodist church, in 1893

Regions of Pakistan
Capsaicin

Capsaicin is a chemical substance. It is responsible for the sense of spiciness or hotness found in chili peppers. In mammals, it causes a sensation of burning of the tissues it comes in contact with. Capsaicin, and other similar substances called capsaicinoids are produced by chili peppers and other plants, probably as a protection against being eaten. Pure capsaicin is a hydrophobic, colorless, odorless, crystalline to waxy compound.

Capsaicinoids are added to food to make it have a hot taste, but it can also be used as an analgesic, a painkiller. Such painkillers are often directly used on the skin. The burning of the capsaicin will mask the real pain. Capsaicin is also the main agent in pepper spray. 

Capsaicin is not soluble in water; it binds to oil and fat. Soap can be used to wash it off. If something too hot has been eaten, milk or yoghurt can be used.

References 

Chemical compounds
Organic compounds
Analgesics
Football team

A football team refers to a group of players who together play football.

A football team may represent a football club, or their nation, group or other associations. In general, there may be 11-18 members in such a team depending on the type of football, i.e., whether it is association football or American football or any other format of the game.

Football
West Ham station

West Ham station is a London Underground, Docklands Light Railway and  National Rail station. It is on the District Line, Hammersmith & City Line, Jubilee Line and is served by c2c train services. It is in Travelcard Zone 3, and is managed by London Underground. All open platforms have step-free access to the street and each other.

References

Other websites

District line stations
Hammersmith & City line stations
Transport in the London Borough of Newham
Jubilee line stations
Docklands Light Railway stations
West Ham
Wimbledon station

Wimbledon station is a National Rail, London Underground, and Tramlink station in Wimbledon in the London Borough of Merton. It is the only London station that provides an interchange between rail, Underground, and Tramlink services. The station serves as a junction for services from London Underground's District line and National Rail operators (South West Trains and First Capital Connect), as well as Tramlink route 3. Some early morning services on the First Capital Connect route are provided by Southern. The station is in Travelcard Zone 3.

Services 
The typical off-peak service frequency is:
South West Trains
 16tph (trains per hour) to Waterloo
 4tph to Guildford, of which
 2tph via Cobham
 2tph via Epsom
 2tph to Chessington South
 2tph to Dorking
 2tph to Hampton Court
 2tph to Shepperton
 2tph to Woking
 2tph to Waterloo via Kingston & Richmond
First Capital Connect
 2tph to Luton
 2tph to Sutton
London Underground
 6tph to Upminster via Tower Hill
 6tph to Edgware Road via High Street Kensington
Tramlink
 8tph to New Addington

Gallery

Related pages 
 Wimbledon Traincare depot – a little to the north of the station, on the west side of the main line tracks.

References

Bibliography

Other websites 

 London Transport Museum Photographic Archive 
 . This entrance has been rebuilt as part of the Centre Court shopping centre development.
 Pictures of both entrances to station

Proposed

London Travelcard zone 3
Tube map

The Tube Map, is a map that navigates passengers around London using the London Underground, London Overground, Docklands Light Railway, and Emirates Air-line. To make the map easier to read, the lines of the tunnels are made straight instead of the shape they really follow.

The Tube Map was the first map to use these simplifying techniques that are now used in transport maps across the world. Transport for London (TfL) continue to expand the Tube map as more stations, lines and methods of transport are added.
The Tube Map helps navigate over a billion journeys a year in the biggest city in Europe.

Rail transport in London
Waterloo & City line

The Waterloo & City line, also nicknamed The Drain, is a short underground railway line in London. It was opened on 11 July 1898. It has two stations, Waterloo and Bank.

References

London Underground lines
1898 establishments in England
Transport in the London Borough of Lambeth
Transport in the City of London
Tunnels underneath the River Thames
London Underground 1967 Stock

The London Underground 1967 Stock was a deep-level tube stock that ran on the Victoria line from 1968 to 2011. These trains do not run on the London Underground anymore as they were replaced by the London Underground 2009 tube stock between 2010 and 2011. The stock was built by Metro-Cammell. The trains have also ran on the Woodford–Hainault section of the Central Line in the past.

Background 
An order to buy 30½ 8-car trains of 1967 tube stock was made in March 1964. They were built by Metro-Cammell. Each train is made up of two 4-car units that are joined. The trains cost £2.25 million to build. Today this would buy just three trains. The first unit was delivered to West Ruislip depot on 27 September 1967, and the fleet was bought to run the Victoria Line. The units were then tested at the depot, before they were moved to Hainault depot and being tried out in passenger service on the Woodford-Hainault shuttle on the Central line. Once the tests were finished, the trains were moved from Hainault to Northumberland Park Depot using a battery locomotive. The trains were looked after at this depot until they were scrapped. It is the only part of the Victoria line that is not Underground, and it is unusual because, unlike the rest of the London Underground network, there is a staff rail link from Seven Sisters station.

The Trains 
The trains had Automatic Train Operation (ATO). The train operator controls when the doors open and close and also starts the train by pressing two buttons at the same time. These buttons start the automatic process of driving the train. The trains  were built with wrap-around windows in the driving cabs and were the first London Underground trains to have windows like this. The trains were delivered with a shiny grey coat, but this soon faded to a dull grey.

When the extension Victoria line to Brixton opened in July 1971, a further 72 cars of 1967 tube stock were ordered, which made up 9 trains. This brought the total number of 1967 tube stock trains to 39½.

Refurbishment 
In 1989, a refurbishment programme was started across the whole fleet of London Underground rolling stock, following the King's Cross fire in 1987. The Victoria line stock was chosen to be the first to be refurbished (repaired, changed and made to look newer). The refurbishment was carried out by Tickford Rail at Rosyth Dockyard. The refurbishment was due to take 5 years to complete, but the last train did not leave the works until 1997, because each train was slightly different to the next train. When the trains had completed the refurbishment the outside was painted in a white, blue and red colour scheme. The insides of the trains have fire-resistant materials and are finished in the Victoria line blue colours, though some have the Bakerloo line brown as they run on that line too.

Replacement 
The last 1967 stock in passenger service ran on 30th June 2011. It has been replaced by 2009 stock.

Numbers

References

Other websites 

 Tubeprune - 1967 Tube Stock
 London Transport Museum Photographic Archive 
 
 

1967
Victoria, London

Victoria is an informal area of inner city London. It is in the City of Westminster. It is named after Queen Victoria.

City of Westminster
Walthamstow

Walthamstow is an area in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, North East London, England. It is  northeast of Charing Cross.

London Borough of Waltham Forest