cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Angloposeidon

The Angloposeidon is a big sauropod dinosaur that lived in the early Cretaceous period. It mainly lived in present-day England. Its fossil back bone was found on the Isle of Wight.

References

Dinosaurs of Europe
Qasim Akhgar

Qasim Akhgar, was a Hazara writer, researcher, activism and theorists from Afghanistan.

Qasim Akhgar, was born in 1951 in Kabul, Afghanistan. He died after an illness in 2013 in Kabul, Afghanistan.

References 

Hazara people
Fano

Fano is a city and comune of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region, central Italy.

It is a beach resort  southeast of Pesaro, along the Adriatic Sea. It is the third city in the region by population after Ancona and Pesaro.

Geography
Fano is on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. The comune of Fano has an area of  and its altitude is  above sea level.

Fano borders with the  comuni Cartoceto, Mombaroccio, Mondolfo, Pesaro, San Costanzo and Terre Roveresche.

Frazioni
The following frazioni (hamlets) are part of Fanoː

 Bellocchi
 Camminate
 Carignano
 Carrara di Fano
 Centinarola
 Cuccurano
 Falcineto
 Fenile
 Magliano
 Marotta
 Metaurillia
 Ponte Sasso
 Roncosambaccio
 Rosciano
 Sant'Andrea in Villis
 Torrette di Fano
 Tre Ponti.

Population
There are 60,852 persons living in the comune in 2017, for a population density of  inhabitants/km².

Evolution of the population

The people from this comune are known, in Italian, as fanesi.

Twinned towns
Famo is twinned with:

 Rastatt, Germany
 Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône, France
 St. Albans, United Kingdom
 Stribro, Czech Republic

Gallery

References

Other websites

Fano official website 

Cities in Marche
Francia

Francia was a kingdom founded in 481 AD. It may also be called the Kingdom of the Franks, Frankish Kingdom, or Frankish Empire. It was first a province of the Western Roman Empire founded by Clovis I. Before that it was a Germanic state. After the Treaty of Verdun in 843, West Francia became the predecessor of France, and East Francia became that of Germany.

Former countries in Europe
5th-century establishments in Europe
481 establishments
Vladimir Makanin

Vladimir Semyonovich Makanin (; 13 March 1937 – 1 November 2017) was a Russian writer. He was born in Orsk, Soviet Union. In 1963 he took a course in script-writing, and then worked in the publishing house Sovietskiy Pisatel (The Soviet Writer). Makanin's writing style may be categorized as realist. In 2012, he won the European Prize for Literature.

He was specialized in short stories and novels.

Makanin died on 1 November 2017 in Krasny, Russia at the age of 80.

Related pages
List of Russian-language novelists

References

1937 births
2017 deaths
Russian novelists
Short story writers
Yisrael Rosen

Yisrael Rosen () (May 1941 – November 2, 2017) was an Orthodox Israeli rabbi. He founded the office for conversion to Judaism in the Chief Rabbinate of Israel and he was a judge there. He was born in Tel Aviv.

Rosen was the director of the Zomet Institute for the interface of Halakha and technology and also the editor-in-chief of the Zomet annual journal Techumin.  He edited a weekly newsletter called Shabbat B'Shabbato.

Rosen died on November 2, 2017 in Alon Shevut, a West Bank settlement, of pancreatic cancer at the age of 76.

References

1941 births
2017 deaths
Chief Rabbinate of Israel
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Israeli journalists
Israeli judges
Israeli rabbis
Jewish Israeli writers
Jewish judges
People from Tel Aviv
María Martha Serra Lima

María Martha Serra Lima (December 19, 1944 – November 2, 2017) was an Argentine singer. She was born in Buenos Aires. Serra Lima was first signed on to a record label in 1977, and became famous across Latin America and in Spain during the 1970s and 1980s. Her albums became hits in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and elsewhere in the region, apart from her home country.

Serra Lima died in Miami, Florida on November 2, 2017 at the age of 72.

References

1944 births
2017 deaths
Argentine singers
People from Buenos Aires
Dina Wadia

Dina Wadia (15 August 1919 – 2 November 2017) was an Indian political figure. She was born in London. Her father was Muhammad Ali Jinnah. She was married to Neville Wadia from 1938 until they divorced in 1943.

Wadia died at her home in New York City of pneumonia on 2 November 2017 at the age of 98.

References

1919 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in New York City
Indian politicians
Civil servants
Politicians from London
Richard E. Cavazos

Richard Edward Cavazos (January 31, 1929 – October 29, 2017), was a United States Army four-star general. He was a Korean War recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross as a first lieutenant. He advanced in rank to become the United States Army's first Hispanic four-star general.  

During the Vietnam War, as a lieutenant colonel, Cavazos was awarded a second Distinguished Service Cross.  In 1976, Cavazos became the first Mexican American to reach the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army. 

Cavazos served for thirty-three years, with his final command as head of the U.S. Army Forces Command.

Cavazos died at the age of 88 in San Antonio, Texas on October 29, 2017 from complications of Alzheimer's disease.

References

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Texas
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
American military personnel of the Korean War
Military people from Texas
Fred Beckey

Friedrich Wolfgang Beckey (14 January 1923 – 30 October 2017), known as Fred Beckey, was an American rock climber, mountaineer and author. He made hundreds of first ascents, more than any other North American climber. In 2003, his 563-page book on the history of the region, Range of Glaciers, was published by the Oregon Historical Society Press. Between climbs, he wrote several books, most notably the Cascade Alpine Guide.

Beckey was born in Düsseldorf, Germany. He studied at the University of Washington. Beckey died on 30 October 2017 in Seattle, Washington at the age of 94.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
Mountain climbers
Writers from Seattle, Washington
Daniel Viglietti

Daniel Alberto Viglietti Indart (24 July 1939 – 30 October 2017) was an Uruguayan folk singer, guitarist, composer, and political activist. He was one of the main singers of Uruguayan popular song and also of the Nueva Canción or "New Song" of the 1960s and early 1970s. Viglietti was imprisoned in 1972 by his own government. He was an activist against fascism in South America during the 1970s.

References

1939 births
2017 deaths
Folk singers
Folk musicians
Guitarists
Political activists
People from Montevideo
Abbas Zandi

Abbas Zandi (; 3 June 1930 – 30 October 2017) was an Iranian Freestyle Wrestler, national champion, and coach. He was born in Tehran. Zandi had competed in three Olympic games including 1948 London, 1952 Helsinki and 1956 Melbourne.

Zandi died on 30 October 2017 in Tehran at the age of 87.

References

1930 births
2017 deaths
Olympians
Wrestlers
People from Tehran
Mario das Neves

Mario das Neves (April 27, 1951 – October 31, 2017) was an Argentine Justicialist Party politician. He was the governor of the Argentine province of Chubut from 2003 through 2011 and again from 2015 until his death in 2017. He was born in Buenos Aires.

Das Neves died of cardiopulmonary arrest on October 31, 2017 in Rawson, Chubut at the age of 66.

References

Other websites

Profile, La Nación, 2003-11-10
'Das Neves celebrates his triumph in Chubut', La Nación, 2003-11-10
Profile at Chubut government 

1951 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Argentine politicians
People from Buenos Aires
Papi Oviedo

Gilberto "Papi" Oviedo la Portilla (9 February 1938 – 31 October 2017) was a Cuban tres player. He was born in La Habana. He started playing the tres when he was about 15. Oviedo was the tres player in Elio Revé's band for 13 years. He has been on tour with Buena Vista Social Club exposing the son style to wider audiences.

Oviedo died of lung cancer in Havana, Cuba on 31 October 2017 at the age of 79.

References

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cuban musicians
Aboubacar Somparé

El Hajj Aboubacar Somparé (31 August 1944 – 2 November 2017) was a Guinean politician. He was President of the National Assembly of Guinea from 2002 to 2008. He was previously Guinea's Ambassador to France from 1978 to 1984 and was Secretary-General of the Unity and Progress Party (PUP) from 1995 to 2002. He served as Interim President of Guinea from 22 December 2008 through 24 December 2008.

Somparé died on 2 November 2017 in Ratoma, Guinea at the age of 73.

References

1944 births
2017 deaths
Presidents of Guinea
Jigsaw (Saw character)

John Kramer—known as The Jigsaw Killer or simply Jigsaw—is a fictional character who appears in the Saw franchise as the main antagonist. 

Jigsaw made his appearance in the first movie of the series, Saw, and he later appeared in Saw II, Saw III, Saw IV, Saw V, Saw VI, Saw 3D and, eventually, Jigsaw. He is played by American actor Tobin Bell.

Jigsaw ranks No. 30 in Empire magazine's "100 Greatest Movie Characters" list.

Background
In the series' narrative, Kramer is a former civil engineer dying from an inoperable frontal lobe tumor that had developed from colon cancer. After a failed suicide attempt, Kramer found a new appreciation for his life, and went to dedicate the rest of his life to inspiring the same appreciation in others by testing their will to live.

Tests
His methods include forcing his subjects through deadly scenarios, which he referred to as "games" or "tests", in which they were forced to inflict pain upon themselves or others in order to escape. These tests were typically symbolic of what Jigsaw perceived as a flaw in each person's moral character or life. The Jigsaw name was given to him by the media for his practice of cutting a puzzle piece shape of flesh from those who fail.

His videos are recorded with a cheap homemade camera with Billy the Puppet instructing the subjects what to do to live.

References

Other websites
 Jigsaw character description in the Saw video game 

Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 2004
Fictional murderers
Movie characters
Saw (franchise)
Vinu Chakravarthy

Vinu Chakravarthy (15 December 1945 – 27 April 2017) was an Indian actor (actor who acted in many language movies), writer and director. He had acted in about 1000 movies. Muni of Raghava Lawrence is Vinu Chakravarthy's 1000th movie. He acted in 900+ Tamil movies, 50 Malayalam movies, 5 Telugu movies, Some Kannada movies and 1 Badaga language movie.

Life
Chakravarthy was born on December 15, 1945, in Usilampatti. His parents are Adimoola Thevar and Manjuvani Ammal. He studied at Wesley School, Royapettah. He got degree in commerce from A. M. Jain College. He was the eldest son among other 3 sons and a daughter.

Movie career
Chakravarthy was working as a script writer for Kannada director Puttanna Kanagal. He was noticed by movie producer Tiruppur Mani who in 1977, gave him a role in the Kannada film Parasangada Gendetimma. This movie was later remade into Tamil. Since then, Chakravarthy has made over 1,000 films in four South Indian languages - 900 in Tamil, 30 in Malayalam, 5 in Telugu and one in Badaga language. His last movie was Vaayai Mudi Pesavum in 2014.

Death
He died at the age of 71 due to illness in the year 2017.

References

Tamil actors
Tamil directors
1945 births
2017 deaths
Moza bint Nasser

Moza bint Nasser (Arabic:موزا بنت ناصر)(Born on  8 August 1959 in Doha, Qatar ) is the wife of former Emir of Qatar, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and mother of current Emir of Qatar, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani.she is chairperson of Qatar Foundation and founder of Silatech.she was UNESCO's Special Envoy for Basic and Higher Education in 2003.also, she has been named as one of Forbes' 100 Most Powerful Women at #75.

Early Life
Sheikha Moza was born on August 8, 1959 in Al-Khor, Qatar. She married with Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani in 1977 at the age of 18.she would eventually earn her Bachelor’s Degree in Sociology from Qatar University in 1986.

The Sheikh Hammad has seven children with the Sheikha Mozah:

Sheikh Jasim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, Emir of Qatar
Sheikha Al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani
Sheikh Joaan bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani
Sheikha Hind bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani.

Honours

Among Sheikha Moza’s many honours are :

Honorary Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) (2010, UK).
Member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts (2009, France).
Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (07/11/2007, Italy).
Doctor of Humane Letters (D.H.L.) from Virginia Commonwealth University (2003, Richmond, Virginia).
Doctor of Humane Letters (D.H.L.) from Carnegie Mellon University (2006, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).
Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (20/04/2011, Spain).
Dame of the Order of the Smile (2012).

References

Living people
1959 births
Qatar Foundation people
Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (born 3 June 1980 in Doha, Qatar) is the current Emir of Qatar. Sheikh Tamim is the fourth son of his father, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the previous Emir of Qatar and second son of Sheikha Moza bint Nasser. He became Emir of Qatar on 25 June 2013 after his father. He became the heir apparent to the Qatar throne on 5 August 2003.

Education 
He studied in the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst where he graduated in 1998.

References

Other websites
 Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Official website

1980 births
Qatari people
Current national leaders
Living people
Reborrowing

Reborrowing is when words of a certain language are borrowed into a different language, when the new language creates new words using the loanwords or roots they borrowed, and either when the newly created words are introduced to the language that the old loanwords came from.

Examples of this can be found in many languages.

From Greek to English, and back into Greek 
English uses many loanwords borrowed from French, Latin, and Greek, which is why many scientific words are made using words and word roots from these same languages. For example, the word "telegram" comes from the Greek roots "tele-", which means "distant/far", and "-gram/-graph", which means "writing", thus a telegram is a machine that sends written messages from far away. This word came back into Greek as τηλεγράφημα telegráfima.
Linguistics
Peter MacGregor-Scott

Peter MacGregor-Scott (December 28, 1947 – October 25, 2017) was an American movie producer. He was born in Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. He produced the 1997 movie, Batman & Robin. He also produced the Cheech & Chong movie Cheech & Chong's The Corsican Brothers, Still Smokin and Born in East L.A.. Others are The Whoopee Boys and Death to Smoochy.

MacGregor-Scott was involved in a traffic collision in New York City which would result in his death on October 25, 2017, aged 69.

References

1947 births
2017 deaths
American movie producers
Road accident deaths in New York
Vernier

Vernier is a municipality of the canton of Geneva in Switzerland. It has villages of Vernier Village, Le Lignon, Aïre, Les Avanchets, Cointrin and Châtelaine. As of 31 December 2016, 34,983 people lived there.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of Vernier 

Cities in Switzerland
Municipalities of Geneva
Chair of the Federal Reserve

The Chair of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is the head of the central banking system of the United States. The job is known as "Chair of the Fed" or "Fed Chair". The chair is in charge of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

The chair is chosen by the President of the United States from among the members of the Board of Governors; and serves for four-year-terms after appointment. A chair may be appointed for many terms. William Martin was the longest serving chair, holding the position from 1951 to 1970. 

The current chair is Jerome Powell upon taking office on February 5, 2018.

References

Other websites
Official website
Public Statements of the Chairs of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, via the St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank
Nomination hearings, conducted in the Senate, for Chairs and Members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Timeline of Federal Reserve Chairs with related resources
Minnesota State University, Mankato

Minnesota State University, Mankato (Minnesota State) is the largest and second oldest university in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. It is one of the largest universities in Minnesota. The nickname for the sports teams is the Mavericks. Minnesota State is located in Mankato, Minnesota a city southwest of the Twin Cities. It has a big business impact on southern Minnesota. It's stadium was where the Vikings came to practice in the summer. It was also linked to the Coach (TV series). It sports teams have won several national championships in the National Collegiate Athletics Association Division 2 level.
Minnesota State University, Mankato

References

Other websites 

 
 Minnesota State Athletics website

Colleges and universities in Minnesota
Western Collegiate Hockey Association
1868 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Minnesota
Jerome Powell

Jerome Hayden Powell (born February 4, 1953) is an American lawyer. He is the 16th and current Chair of the Federal Reserve since February 2018 and a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors and has served since 2012 upon being nominated by President Barack Obama.

On November 2, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Powell to serve as the next Chair of the Federal Reserve. His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 31, 2018 and took office on February 5, 2018.

Early life
Powell was born in Washington, D.C.. He studied at Princeton University and at Georgetown University. In 1975-1976, he spent a year as a legislative assistant to Senator Richard Schweiker of Pennsylvania.

Early career
From 1984 to 1990, Powell worked at Dillon, Read & Co.. Between 1990 and 1993, Powell worked in the United States Department of the Treasury, at which time Nicholas F. Brady, the former chairman of Dillon, Read & Co., was the United States Secretary of the Treasury. In 1992, Powell became the Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance after being nominated by George H. W. Bush.

In 1993, Powell began working as a managing director for Bankers Trust, but he quit in 1995. Powell founded Severn Capital Partners, a private investment firm focused on specialty finance and opportunistic investments in the industrial sector.

Federal Reserve Board of Governors
In December 2011, Powell was nominated to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors by President Barack Obama. He took office on May 25, 2012. In January 2014, he was nominated for another term, and, in June 2014, he was confirmed by the United States Senate in a 67-24 vote for a 14-year term ending January 31, 2028. His nomination was confirmed by the Senate on January 23, 2018 by a 85-12 vote.

Chair of the Federal Reserve
On November 2, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Powell to serve as the Chair of the Federal Reserve. On January 31, 2018, Powell was confirmed by the United States Senate.

Personal life
In 1985, Powell married Ellissa Leonard. They have three children.

Powell's net worth is estimated to be in a range between $4.7 million and $55 million.

References

Other websites
 Statements and Speeches of Jerome H. Powell
 

1953 births
Living people
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Chairs of the Federal Reserve
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Businesspeople from Washington, D.C.
US Republican Party politicians
Brad Bufanda

Brad Bufanda (Fred Joseph Bufanda III; May 4, 1983 – November 1, 2017) was an American actor. He was best known for his self-made internet videos. He was born in Upland, California. His career began in 1995. While in middle school he appeared on the ABC television series Roseanne and Hangin' with Mr. Cooper. He was best known for his role as David in A Cinderella Story.

Bufanda played Felix Toombs in the series Veronica Mars and was also featured in the movie. He starred in the Cinemax series Co-Ed Confidential from 2008-2010.

Bufanda committed suicide on November 1, 2017 at the age of 34 by jumping off of his residential tower in the Park La Brea apartment community of Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites
  

1983 births
2017 deaths
Actors from San Bernardino, California
Actors who committed suicide
American movie actors
American television actors
Suicides by jumping in the United States
Václav Riedlbauch

Václav Riedlbauch (1 April 1947 – 3 November 2017) was a Czech composer, pedagogue and manager. He was the Minister of Culture in the government of Jan Fischer (2009–2010). He was born in Dýšina. He was program director at the Prague Congress Centre.

From 2001 until his death, he was the Director General of the Czech Philharmonic. He was a professor at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague.

Riedlbauch died of complications from COPD in Prague on 3 November 2017 at the age of 70.

References

Other websites
 Czech Music Information Centre
 

1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from COPD
Czech academics
Czech composers
Czech politicians
Hussain Muhammad Ershad

Hussain Muhammad Ershad ( Hussein Muhammad Ershad, 1 February 1930 – 14 July 2019) was a Bangladeshi politician. He served as the 10th President of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990. He was the founder of the Jatiyo Party, currently the second-largest party in the Jatiyo Sangshad.

Ershad was twice honoured as a United Nations Laureate, for his works on population and environmental issues.

Ershad died on 14 July 2019 at a military hospital in Dhaka from myelodysplastic syndrome, aged 89.

References

Other websites

 Encyclopedia.com
 Banglapedia biography
 Jatiya party 

1930 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myelodysplastic syndrome
Presidents of Bangladesh
Bangladeshi Muslims
Shahabuddin Ahmed

Shahabuddin Ahmed (born 1 February 1930) is a Bangladeshi politician. He served as the 12th President of Bangladesh. He also served as the Chief Justice of the country. 

Ahmed took over the office of President after a popular uprising against President Hussain Muhammad Ershad in 1991. Afterwards, he returned to his duties as the Chief Justice following the amendment. Later, he served as the President from 1996 to 2001. During his first time in the Presidential office, he served as Acting President. Later when he again took over the office in 1996 he became the 12th President.

References

1930 births
Living people
Presidents of Bangladesh
Bangladeshi Muslims
Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar

Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar (born 1 December 1931) is a Bangladeshi barrister and politician. He was born in Tetulia, Panchagarh, Bengal Presidency, British India. He served as the acting President of Bangladesh in 2002. He served as the speaker of the Parliament of Bangladesh. He is one of the founding members of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and was a member of the standing committee.

References

1931 births
Living people
Presidents of Bangladesh
Bangladeshi Muslims
Gyalo Thondup

Gyalo Thondup (), (born c.1928) is the second-eldest brother of the 14th Dalai Lama. He often acted as the Dalai Lama's unofficial ambassador, and was involved in many political controversies around the Tibetan society. 

In recent years, Thondup has repeatedly said that the only way to achieve progress is with China. In 1998, the Central Tibetan Administration (the political arm of the Dalai Lama's anti-China diaspora faction) criticized Thondup for not letting the Dalai Lama know about the CIA's involvement in Tibet.

References

1928 births
Living people
Tibetan people
Prime ministers
Frederica Wilson

Frederica Smith Wilson (born Frederica Patricia Smith; November 5, 1942) is an American politician. She has been a member of the United States House of Representatives since 2011. Wilson's congressional district—numbered the 17th during her first two years in Congress, and the 24th since 2013.

She gained national attention in early 2012 as a result of her high-profile comments on the death of Trayvon Martin.

Wilson is a member of the Democratic Party.

References

Other websites
 Congresswoman Frederica Wilson official U.S. House site
 Frederica Wilson for U.S. Congress

 Representative Frederica S. Wilson (1998–2002) at the Florida House of Representatives

1942 births
Living people
United States representatives from Florida
Politicians from Miami, Florida
US Democratic Party politicians
A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury

Abul Qasim Muhammad Badruddoza Chowdhury (born 1 November 1932) was the 13th President of Bangladesh, serving from 14 November 2001 until his resignation on 21 June 2002. He was the founding secretary-general of Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).

He is also a known physician, and former cultural activist, an author, essayist, playwright, television presenter and an orator of distinction.

References

1932 births
Living people
Presidents of Bangladesh
Bangladeshi Muslims
Physicians
Activists
Essayists
Bangladeshi playwrights
Television presenters
Renzo Calegari

Renzo Calegari (5 September 1933 – 5 November 2017) was an Italian comics artist. He was born in Genoa, Italy. His best known work was the long lasting comic book series Storia del West, which run from 1967 until 1980, and for which he illustrated many stories.

Calegari died on 5 November 2017 in Chiavari, Italy of complications from a stroke at the age of 84.

References

Other websites
 Renzo Calegari at Lambiek

1933 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Italian comics artists
Illustrators
Cartoonists
People from Genoa
William Deane

Sir William Patrick Deane (born 4 January 1931) is an Australian lawyer and judge. He served as the 22nd Governor-General of Australia, in office from 1996 to 2001. He was appointed to the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 1977, and later that year was also appointed to the Federal Court of Australia. He was a Justice of the High Court of Australia from 1982 to 1995.

Deane had a low profile during his five-year term, having no major constitutional issues, but did become notice by the global scale by officially opening the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Deane was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) on 10 August 1982, a few weeks after being appointed to the High Court.

References

Other websites
 Governor General of Australia – Official biography of Sir William Deane and Lady Deane , published by Government House, Canberra.
 A Mirror to the People, documentary film on the Office of Governor-General of Australia (1999), featuring Deane, Zelman Cowen and Ninian Stephen.
 High Court biography Retrieved 20 August 2014.

1931 births
Living people
Australian Governors-General
Australian judges
Politicians from Melbourne
Bill Hayden

William George "Bill" Hayden (born 23 January 1933) is an Australian politician. He served as the 21st Governor-General of Australia, in office from 1989 to 1996. He had been leader of the Labor Party from 1977 to 1983, as well serving as a cabinet minister in the Whitlam and Hawke Governments.

Hayden was elected to the House of Representatives when he was 28 years old. He replaced Jim Cairns as Treasurer in 1975, but served for only five months. 

In early 1977, Hayden challenged Whitlam for the party leadership and was defeated by just two votes. He replaced Whitlam as Leader of the Opposition at the end of the year when Whitlam resigned as a result of Labor's defeat at the 1977 election. He was replaced by Bob Hawke in 1983.

References

Other websites

1933 births
Living people
Australian Governors-General
Australian judges
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
Politicians from Brisbane
John K. Singlaub

John Kirk Singlaub (July 10, 1921 – January 29, 2022) was an American OSS officer. He was a founding member of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and is a retired major general in the United States Army.

Early life
Singlaub was born in Independence, California. He studied at the University of California, Los Angeles. He served in the United States Army during World War II and parachuted into Occupied France to fight with the French Resistance.

Criticism of Carter
In 1977, Singlaub was relieved from his position as Chief of Staff of US forces in South Korea after he had criticized President Jimmy Carter's decision to withdraw US troops from the Korean Peninsula in an interview with the Washington Post. Less than a year later, Singlaub was forced to retire after he had publicly questioned Carter's national security policies.

Political activity
In 1979 Singlaub founded the Western Goals Foundation, a private intelligence network that was found to have supplied weapons to the contras during the Iran-Contra affair during the Ronald Reagan administration. Singlaub contributed to several books and wrote an autobiography.

Singlaub served as a leading figure in US national security and defense matters under both Democratic and Republican Presidents from Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson to Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon.

Death
Singlaub turned 100 in July 2021, and died on January 29, 2022 in Franklin, Tennessee.

References

Other websites
 

1921 births
2022 deaths
American autobiographers
Anti-Communists
American centenarians
American military personnel of World War II
American military personnel of the Korean War
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Military people from California
Writers from California
Aminoglycoside

Aminoglycosides are antibiotics used for gram negative infections. Gram-negative means that the bacteria which cause the infection don't hold the color of a particular dye (Crystal Violet) when they're tested.

Since they are not absorbed from the gut, they are usually taken by an injection into the vain or muscle but they can be given as a cream or ointment to prevent and treat skin infections, as eye drops for eye infections, as ear drops for ear infections and as a pill for intestinal infections but not for other internal infections.

Antibiotics from this family can be used in patients who are not able to take some regular antibiotics, such as Penicillin because of allergies.  The most common Aminoglycosides used as alternatives to Penicillin are Erythromycin (lit. Red fungus) and Clarithromycin (lit. Yellow fungus).  They're most commonly used in the treatment of bacterial infections, such as Bronchitis.

Examples 

Antibiotics
Normandy landings

The Normandy landings (codenamed Operation Neptune) were the landings on Tuesday, June 6, 1944, during World War II. Invasion forces landed at Gold Beach, Sword Beach, Omaha Beach, Juno Beach, Pointe du Hoc, and Utah Beach.

The landing started on the so-called D-Day. It was by the Allies of World War II: the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and other forces. The whole event was codenamed "Operation Overlord" and intended to open a new Western Front of the war. It was the largest seaborne invasion in history. After the landing, the Allied forces failed to take any of the towns and places that they had planned to take. However, they controlled the beache and in the following days moved inland.

German casualties on D-Day have been estimated at 4,000 to 9,000 men. Allied casualties were at least 10,000, with 4,414 confirmed dead. The Normandy landings were the largest and deadliest amphibious assault in the history of warfare.

General Dwight D. Eisenhower was the Allied commander of the Normandy landings.

Other websites
 The Normandy Invasion  at the US Army Center of Military History
 Neptune Operations Plan 
 Naval details for Overlord at Naval-History.Net
 Quiz questions
 Documents on D-Day: The Invasion of Normandy  at the Eisenhower Presidential Center

Invasions of World War II
June 1944 events
Joel Kinnaman

Charles Joel Nordström Kinnaman (born 25 November 1979) is a Swedish American actor,  known for his television roles as Detective Stephen Holder in AMC's The Killing, Takeshi Kovacs in the first season of Altered Carbon, and Governor Will Conway in the U.S. version of House of Cards. He has also played Alex Murphy in the 2014 RoboCop remake, and Rick Flag in the film adaptation of Suicide Squad (2016). Kinnaman is also known in Sweden for playing the lead role in the Swedish movie Easy Money.

References

Other websites
 

1979 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Swedish voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Stockholm
Jack Nichols (activist)

John Richard "Jack" Nichols Jr. (March 16, 1938 – May 2, 2005) was an American gay rights activist. He co-founded the Washington, D.C. branch of the Mattachine Society in 1961 with Frank Kameny. He was born in Washington, D.C.. Nichols led the first gay rights march on the White House, in April 1965, and participated in the Annual Reminder pickets at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. 

In 1967, Nichols became one of the first Americans to talk openly about his homosexuality on national television when he appeared in CBS Reports: The Homosexuals, a CBS News documentary.

Nichols died of complications from salivary gland cancer in Cocoa Beach, Florida on May 2, 2005 at the age of 67.

References

1938 births
2005 deaths
American journalists
American LGBT people
American LGBT rights activists
Cancer deaths in Florida
Deaths from salivary gland cancer
Gay men
LGBT journalists
Writers from Washington, D.C.
Hugo de Jonge

Hugo Mattheüs de Jonge (born September 26, 1977 in Bruinisse) is a Dutch politician. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and a minister in the Fourth Rutte cabinet.

De Jonge studied at Ichthus University of Applied Sciences in Rotterdam  and subsequently worked as a school teacher for five years.

From 2004 to 2006, he was an assistant to the CDA parliamentary group in the House of Representatives. The next four years he worked at the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

He became an alderman of the city of Rotterdam in 2010, which lasted till 2017. Education, youth and family matters were in his portfolio. In between he was also a councillor of Rotterdam for a brief period (after the municipal elections in 2014).

From 2017 to 2022, he was minister of Health, Welfare and Sports, and also a Deputy Prime Minister in Rutte III. He was the first one to replace Prime Minister Mark Rutte. At the public presentation of the government he received attention by wearing dark-dotted white shoes made of crocodile leather.

He was leading the CDA in 2020 (succeeded by Wopke Hoekstra). Since January 2022, he has been minister of Housing and Spatial Planning in Rutte IV.

Hugo de Jonge is married with two children, and a member of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PKN).

References 
 Bio at Parlement.com

Other websites 
 Bio at Government.nl

1977 births
Living people
Aldermen of the Netherlands
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch civil servants
Dutch councillors
Dutch teachers
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Politicians from Zeeland
Bruinisse

Bruinisse, Zeelandic: Bru, is a village in the municipality-island of Schouwen-Duiveland, in the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 4,000 people are living there. It is located on the very east of the island.

Bruinisse is an agricultural and fishing community. Breeding of the blue mussel is an important business there.

Well-known people 
 Hugo de Jonge (born 1977), politician

20th-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Settlements in Zeeland
Former municipalities of Zeeland
Schouwen-Duiveland
Agulu lake

Agulu lake is a lake in Anambra State, Nigeria. The lake is connected to Ulasi Okija and River Nigeria.

References

Lakes of Africa
Nigeria
Mahadev Ghurhu

Mahadev Ghurhu is a  town in the Siddharth Nagar district in Basti division within Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and adjacent to Nepal. Mahadev Ghurhu is situated 170 km from the State's Capital City Lucknow.

Overview 

The city Mahadev Ghurhu is situated at a distance of 4 kilometers from Itwa , 65 kilometers from the Basti and 120 kilometers from Gorakhpur.
This village founded by Baba Gainlal Srivastav . . The nearest railway station is Barhni which is 25 kilometers from Mahadev Ghurhu. It is on the Gonda-gorakhpur loop line and is being converted into broad gauge line. Another railway station near to Mahadev Ghurhu is Basti,  which is well connected to Delhi, Mumbai, Lucknow, Gorakhpur etc.

References

Cities and towns in Uttar Pradesh
Revenue Village

A Revenue Village is a small administrative region in India, a village with fixed (defined) borders. One revenue village may contain many small settlements called hamlets.

The Village Administrative Officer (VAO) is the head officer of the Revenue Village

References

Local government in India
Revenue block

Revenue blocks, revenue circles or firka are the local revenue sub-divisions of the various districts of the states of India. These blocks should not be confused with the similar Panchayath union blocks (Blocks) and taluks. The revenue blocks exist to simplify local administration, and each consists of a small number of revenue villages, governed by a Revenue Inspector. The Revenue Inspector is charged with a number of key administrative roles, most notably the identification and collection of tax revenue. Sometimes the land area in a revenue circle is identified as an ILRC (Inspector Land Revenue Circle) for administrative purposes.

While Revenue blocks may be as large as or larger than a tehsil, revenue circles are generally smaller. In the state of Tamil Nadu alone, there are 1,127 revenue blocks.

References

Local government in India
Nagar panchayat

A Nagar Panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) or City Council in India is a council helps in the transformation of from rural to urban.

The 74th Amendment of the Constitution of India made laws relating to urban local government. The three-tier structure is municipal corporation, municipal council and nagar panchayat.

Each Nagar Panchayat has a committee consisting of a chairman / mayor along with ward/counselors members. There are at least ten elected ward members and three nominated members.

There are seats reserved for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, backward classes and women. The councillors or ward members are chosen by direct election from electoral wards in the Nagar Panchayat.

Functions 
 Essential services and facilities to the urban area.
 Sanitation program.
 Street lighting and providing roads in wards and main roads of town.
 Schools in urban areas.
 Program for adult literacy and run city libraries.
 Water supply to every ward of urban area.
 Drainage system to clear the solid and liquid wastes from town.
 Maintaining records of births and deaths.

References

Local government in India
Chidambaram taluk

Chidambaram taluk is a taluk of Cuddalore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Chidambaram.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Chidambaram had a population of 469,416 with 236,170  males and 233,246 females. There were 988 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 75.15. Child population in the age group below 6 was 23,599 Males and 21,446 Females.

References 

Cuddalore district
Kattumannarkoil taluk

Kattumannarkoil taluk is a taluk of Cuddalore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Kattumannarkoil.

Demographics 
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Kattumannarkoil had a population of 276,170 with 138,962 males and 137,208 females. There were 987 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 70%. The children population is 14,000.

References

Cuddalore district
Dharmapuri taluk

Dharmapuri taluk is a taluk in the Dharmapuri district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Dharmapuri.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Dharmapuri had a population of 441,115 with 225,969  males and 215,146 females. There were 952 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 64.96. Child population in the age group below 6 was 24,262 Males and 22,372 Females.

References

Dharmapuri district
Palacode taluk

Palacode taluk is a taluk in the Dharmapuri district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Palacode.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Palakkodu had a population of 345,906 with 178,514  males and 167,392 females. There were 938 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 41.04. Child population in the age group below 6 was 20,954 Males and 18,600 Females.

List of Village Panchayats in Palacode Taluk
 Adilam
 Annamalai Hally
 Athimutlu
 Baisuhally
 Bandarahalli
 Baragur
 Battalahalli
 Beharahalli
 Belamaranahalli
 Bellarahalli
 Bevuhalli
 Bikkanahalli
 Bodikuttapalli
 Bolapakutthanahalli
 Bommaandahalli
 Bommahalli
 Booganahalli
 Boppidi
 Budihalli
 Chettihalli
 Chikkadoranabetta
 Chikkamarandahalli
 Chinnagoundanahalli
 Chinnamanahalli
 Elumichanahally
 Erranahalli
 Erraseegalahally
 Erukuttahalli
 Eruthukuttahalli
 Gidanahalli
 Gudlanahalli
 Gujjarahalli
 Gummanur
 Guttalahalli
 Hanumanthapuram
 Indamangalam
 Jaggasamudram
 Jarthalav
 Jittandahally
 Kalappanahalli
 Kanavanahalli
 Kandenahalli
 Karagoor
 Karagathahalli
 Karimangalam
 Karugkamaranahalli
 Karukkanahalli
 Kattanahally
 Keragodahalli
 Kondasamanahalli
 Kottumaranahalli
 Kumbarahally
 Kuravandahalli
 Mahendramangalam
 Mallikuttai
 Marandahalli
 Maravadi
 Modugulahalli
 Molapannahalli
 Mottalur
 Mukkulam
 Murukalnatham
 Murukkampatty
 Naganampatty
 Nallur
 Nammandahalli
 Nariyanahalli
 Nelamaruthahalli
 P.Chettihalli
 P.Gollahalli
 Padi
 Palacode
 Panjapalli
 Pappanaickanpatty
 Patchikanapalli
 Periyanahalli
 Periyanur
 Poonadanahalli
 Pothalahalli
 Pulikallu
 Pulikarai
 Rangampatty
 Salliampatty
 Samanoor
 Sanganpasuvanthalav
 Sekkodi
 Senrayanahalli
 Serandapuram
 Serenahalli
 Sethikanahalli
 Sikkadoranabettam
 Sikkarthanahalli
 Soddanur
 Thandukaranahalli
 Thellanahalli
 Thimarayanahalli
 Thindal
 Thirumalvadi
 Thomalahalli
 Thonenahalli
 Thumbalahalli
 Upparahalli
 Velakalahalli

References

Dharmapuri district
Formic acid

Formic acid, or  methanoic acid, is the simplist carboxylic acid and has the chemical formula . Many animals use for defence. The word "formic" comes from the Latin word for ant, formica, referring to its early isolation by the distillation of ant bodies, and the trivial name in some languages means "ant-acid", such as Dutch mierenzuur, Danish myresyre, Faroese meyrusýra, Français acide formique and German Ameisensäure. Esters, salts, and the anions derived from formic acid are called formates.

In the 15th century, many alchemists reported that ants use an acidid fluid for defense. English naturalist John Ray was the first to get formic acid, by distilling ants, in 1671. 

In nature, it is found in most ants. The wood ants from the genus Formica can spray formic acid on their preys or to defend the nest. It is also known from the trichomes of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). Formic acid is a naturally occurring component of the atmosphere due primarily to forest emissions.

References

Ants
1
Salvador Minuchin

Salvador Minuchin (October 13, 1921 – October 29, 2017) was an Argentine-American family psychotherapist. He was born and raised in San Salvador, Argentina. Minuchin developed structural family therapy, which talked about problems within a family by talking about the relationships between family members, or between subsets of family. 

When Minuchin moved to New York in 1981, he established the Family Studies Institute, where he could teach family therapists and interface directly with the foster care system through consultation services.

Minuchin died of heart disease at a care facility in Boca Raton, Florida on October 29, 2017 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 The Minuchin Center
 The Philadelphia Child and Family Therapy Training Center

1921 births
2017 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Florida
Argentine scientists
American psychologists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Argentine writers
Writers from New York City
Peter Schutz

Peter Werner Schutz (April 20, 1930 – October 29, 2017) was a German-American businessman. He served as the president and CEO of Porsche between 1981 and 1987, a time in which the company greatly expanded sales such as in the United States. He was a motivational speaker and co-founder of Harris and Schutz Inc..

Schutz was born in Berlin, Germany. His family moved to Havana, Cuba in 1937 after the rise of the Nazi Party. In 1939, his family moved to Chicago, Illinois where he was raised. He studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology.

Schutz died in Naples, Florida of complications from Alzheimer's disease on October 29, 2017 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
 Serge Schmemann, "American to Depart As Head of Porsche", The New York Times, 17 December 1987

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Florida
German businesspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Businesspeople from Chicago
People from Berlin
Michael Augustine

Monsignor Michael Augustine (12 June 1933 – 4 November 2017) was an Indian archbishop (emeritus) of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pondicherry and Cuddalore from 1999 through 2004. He served as Bishop of Vellore from 1981 through 1992.

He served the Church for 39 years as a bishop and for 56 years as a priest. He was born in Kovilanoor, Tamil Nadu. He resigned in 2004 due to health problems along with Pope John Paul II accepting his resignation. Since 2004 until his death, Augustine held the title of Emeritus Archbishop of Pondicherry and Cuddalore.

Augustine died on 4 November 2017 at a hospital in Pondicherry, India of a heart attack at the age of 84.

References

Other websites
 Archbishop Michael Augustine at catholic-hierarchy.org
 Archbishop Michael Augustine at Vellore Diocese
 Archbishop Michael Augustine at Derrick Augustin Website

1933 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian people
Roman Catholic archbishops
Muse Watson

Muse Watson (born July 20, 1948) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Ben Willis in the I Know What You Did Last Summer franchise, Charles Westmoreland on the Fox television series Prison Break and as Mike Franks in CBS television series NCIS.

Watson was born in Alexandria, Louisiana. He studied at Louisiana Tech and at Berea College in Kentucky.

References

Other websites

 
 Muse Watson  on TV.com 
 Stars4Autism

1948 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Louisiana
Actors from Kentucky
Polity IV

The Polity IV scale is a yearly assessment that assesses most sovereign states with a population above 500,000. They are split into five categories: full democracies, democracies, open anocracies, closed anocracies, and autocracies.
Status by country:
Full Democracies (Score of 10):
United States
Canada
United Kingdom
Germany
Japan
Democracies (Score of 9 to 6):
Mexico (8 points)
Brazil (8 points)
France (9 points)
Turkey (9 points)
India (9 points)
Open anocracies (Score of 5 to 1):
Venezuela (4 points)
Nigeria (5 points)
Russia (4 points)
Closed anocracies (Score of -1 to -5):
Morocco (-3 points)
Egypt (-3 points)
Afghanistan (-1 point)
Autocracies (Score of -6 to -10):
Cuba (-7 points)
Syria (-9 points)
Iran (-7 points)
China (-7 points)
North Korea (-10 points)

Democracy