cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Vrbanjci

Vrbànjci is a village in the Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Municipality of Kotor Varoš, Republika Srpska.

Geography 
Vrbanjci spread  along the Vrbanja river (for which it is named), between its tributaries Jezerka, Bosanka, and Cvrcka.

History 
The history of this area commemorates the battle on The Field of Večići, on the Vrbanja river, where was the clash between the Ottomans army and repressed  pro Bosnian forces, from almost the entire State of Bosnia.  According to the historical context, it probably happened around 1463, when Bosnia fell under Ottoman Administration.

During the last War in Bosnia (1992–1995), Serb paramilitary and police forces have committed severe crimes against the civilian Bosniaks and Croats  populations in Vrbanjaca and surrounding villages, including Večići

Most of the refugees of the Bosniak population are back in their  native lands and have restored their houses, with the assistance of the international community, but above all thanks to their own resources.

Since 1995, parents of Bosniak's pupils at the local Elementary school "Sveti Sava" have been running a leongly court case to exercise their Constitutional right to teach in their native Bosnian language. Following a decade-long denial of the lawsuit at the Municipal Court in Kotor Varoš and the District Court in Banja Luka, the Constitutional Court of RS issued a verdict in their favor only in December 2019, obliging the defendant to reimburse all costs of the trial.

Population

Related pages 
 Vrbanja river
 Kotor Varoš
 Večići

References

Settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosanka (river)

Bosanka (Bosnian women) is a river in central Bosnia. It is a right tributary of the Vrbanja river. It rises on the southern slopes of the Uzlomac mountain (elevation about ) in four streams. The length is about . Flowing through Petrovići, and its mouth in Vrbanja river is between the villages of Dabovci and Dudići. The mouth of the river is downstream from Vrbanjci, along highway M-4 (Banja Luka - Doboj). 

The only significant (left) tributary to Bosanka is the Vodalka. 
In 1950 there were eight watermills in the Bosanke and Vodalke river basins.
On the eastern side of Vodalke are several creeks, such the Zmajevac, Pirizevac and Breska. On the western side are the Jelovac, Pušića potok, Svinjara and Jošavka. 

During the War in Bosnia people living in the area of the Bosanka were expelled and killed. This is especially true in the village of Vrbanjci, and nearby surrounding Večići, Hrvaćani,  Garići and Rujevica.

Related pages 
 Vrbanja river
 Vrbanjci
 Večići
 Kotor Varoš

References 

Rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Tony Atkinson

Sir Anthony Barnes "Tony" Atkinson, (4 September 1944 – 1 January 2017) was a British economist. He was the Senior Research Fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford and Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics. A student of James Meade, Atkinson virtually single-handedly established the modern British field of inequality and poverty studies. He worked on inequality and poverty for over four decades.

Atkinson died on 1 January 2017 from multiple myeloma in Oxford, England, aged 72.

References

1944 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from multiple myeloma
British economists
Welsh writers
Hilarion Capucci

Hilarion Capucci (2 March 1922 – 1 January 2017) was a Syrian Catholic bishop. He served as the titular archbishop of Caesarea in the Melkite Greek Catholic Church. He was born in Aleppo, Syria. During his time in office, he was a critic of Israel, showing support with the Palestinians.

On 20 July 1947, he was ordained a priest of the Basilian Alepian Order. On 30 July 1965, he was appointed archbishop and consecrated.

On 1 January 2017, the Vatican announced that Capucci had died in Rome, aged 94.

References

Other websites

 Grzegorz Ignatowski, The arrest of Hilarion Capucci and the relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel 

1922 births
2017 deaths
Activists
Archbishops
Eastern Catholics
Syrian Christians
Memo Morales

Guillermo Enrique Morales Portillo, better known as Memo Morales (6 April 1937 – 1 January 2017) was a Venezuelan singer also known as El Gitano Maracucho. He was the voice main of important orchestras of the country. 

In 1981, he founded, with Luisín Landaez, La Nuestra, and in 1984, with Cheo García, created La Gran Orquesta de Cheo y Memo. They performed together until Garcia's death in 1994.

Morales died on 1 January 2017 in Caracas, Venezuela from a heart attack, aged 79.

References

1937 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Venezuelan singers
Uzlomac

Uzlomac is a long mountain in Central Bosnia,  Bosnia and Herzegovina,  east from line direction Maslovare –  Vrbanjci – Kotor Varoš – Čelinac. It stretches in  southeast – northwest direction, through the mountainous area, from Kruševica river to Jošavka. Its maximum altitude is . 

On Uzlomac rise many tributaries of Vrbanja river, Usora and Ukrina, i.e. tributaries of  Vrbas and Bosna (river) confluences.

Related pages 
Vrbanjci
Kotor Varoš
Čelinac
Vrbanja river
Bosanka (river)
Jezerka

References 

Mountains of Europe
Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yaakov Neeman

Yaakov Neeman (‎ , 16 September 1939 – 1 January 2017) was an Israeli lawyer and academic. He was born in Tel Aviv. Neeman served as Minister of Justice in 1996 and again from 2009 through 2013. He also served as Minister of Finance from 1997 through 1998.

He was also professor of law at the Bar-Ilan University.

Neeman died on 1 January 2017 in Jerusalem, aged 77.

References

Other websites

Herzog, Fox & Neeman
Knesset Website

1939 births
2017 deaths
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli academics
Israeli lawyers
Jewish academics
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish lawyers
People from Tel Aviv
Get Dumb

"Get Dumb" is a 2007 single by Swedish DJs Axwell, Steve Angello and Sebastian Ingrosso, (the three later known as Swedish House Mafia) along with Dutch DJ Laidback Luke. The song was also the first ever collaboration by the Swedish trio before their formation as a supergroup.

Track listing

Credits
 Produced at Groove Motel, Stockholm
 Vocals – Sebastian Ingrosso
 Drums – Axwell
 Keyboards – Steve Angello
 Percussion – Laidback Luke
 Label: Big & Dirty

Charts

References

Other websites
 

2007 songs
Small-cell carcinoma

Small-cell carcinoma (also known as "small-cell lung cancer", or "oat-cell carcinoma") is a type of highly malignant cancer that most commonly arises within the lung, although it can occasionally arise in other body sites, such as the cervix, prostate, and gastrointestinal tract. Small cell carcinoma has a shorter doubling time, higher growth fraction, and earlier development of metastases compared to a non-small cell carcinoma.

References

Cancer
Ciarán Hinds

Ciarán Hinds (  ; born 9 February 1953) is an Irish movie, television and stage actor. 

He is known for his roles in Road to Perdition, The Sum of All Fears, The Phantom of the Opera, Munich, There Will Be Blood, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2, The Woman in Black, Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance and Frozen. He played Steppenwolf, in the 2017 movie Justice League and its director's cut in 2021. 

In 2022, Hinds was nominated for an Academy Award for his role in Belfast.

References

Other websites

 
 Website dedicated to his works on stage and screen
 Youthaction.org Northern Ireland Organization Supported by Hinds

1953 births
Living people
Irish movie actors
Irish television actors
Irish stage actors
People from Belfast
Olivia (name)

Olivia is a female given name in English. It is derived from the Latin word olive. It dates back to the 13th century. Many people think the name was first used by William Shakespeare for a character in Twelfth Night.

People with the name include Olivia Newton-John, Olivia de Havilland and Olivia Munn.

Given names
Wonder Woman (2017 movie)

Wonder Woman is an American superhero movie. It is based on the DC Comics character Wonder Woman. It is distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.

Background
The movie is intended to be the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe. The movie is directed by Patty Jenkins, written by Allan Heinberg, Geoff Johns and Patty Jenkins, and from a story by Heinberg and Zack Snyder. Principal photography began in late November 2015 and wrapped in May 2016. Wonder Woman was released on June 2, 2017 in the United States, in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D.

Cast
 Gal Gadot as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince
 An Amazonian princess and main hero of the movie
 Chris Pine as Steve Trevor
 Wonder Woman's love interest and fighter pilot for the United States Military
 Connie Nielsen as Queen Hippolyta
 The Queen of the Amazons and the mother of Wonder Woman
 David Thewlis as Ares
 The main antagonist of the movie. The evil son of Zeus based on the Greek mythological god of War who pretends to be Sir Patrick Morgan
 Robin Wright as General Antiope
 The sister of Hippolyta and Wonder Woman's aunt
 Lucy Davis as Etta Candy
 Steve Trevor's best friend and secretary 
 Lisa Loven Kongsli as Menalippe 
 Antiope's lieutenant 
 Danny Huston as General Erich Ludendorff
 General of the German Army
 Elena Anaya as Doctor Poison
 A mad scientist known for her works about poison and works with Gen. Ludendorff 
 Ewen Bremner as Charlie
 Drunk sharpshooter and friend of Steve Trevor
 Saïd Taghmaoui as Sameer
 A Turkish spy who is friends with Steve Trevor

Awards

Records
The movie set many box office records, including becoming the highest-grossing movie directed by a woman, the biggest domestic opening for a movie directed by a woman, the highest-grossing superhero origin movie domestically, the largest opening for a female-led comic book movie.

Sequel

At the 2017 San Diego Comic Con, Warner Bros. officially announced a sequel would be released on December 13, 2019, and would be titled Wonder Woman 1984; the date was later moved up to November 1, 2019, to avoid competition with Star Wars: Episode IX.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

2017 movies
Warner Bros. movies
American superhero movies
2010s American action movies
DC Extended Universe movies
2010s superhero movies
Wonder Woman movies
2010s feminist movies
Movies directed by Patty Jenkins
Muriel (name)

Muriel is a female given name in the English language. It is also a family name. The name has been around for a long time in Breton, Celtic, Irish and Scottish Gaelic languages.

The name was common in medieval England, often formatted as Merial. Usage of Muriel peaked in the early 1920s. Use of the name has steadily declined over time.

People with the family name include Alma Muriel. Fictional characters named Muriel include Muriel Heslop from Muriel's Wedding.

Surnames
Given names
Emmanuel Niyonkuru

Emmanuel Niyonkuru (20 July 1962 – 1 January 2017) was a Burundian politician. He was appointed to the Government of Burundi as Minister of Water and Environment in 2015, after having been elected as a senator for the district of Muramvya. He was born in the Commune of Rutegama, Burundi.

Niyonkuru was assassinated by gunshot in the capital city of Bujumbura on 1 January 2016, aged 54. A woman was reportedly arrested.

References

1962 births
2017 deaths
Deaths by firearm
Civil servants
Burundian people
Assassinated people
African businesspeople
Joseph A. Califano Jr.

Joseph Anthony Califano Jr. (born May 15, 1931) is a retired American politician. He served as United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1977 through 1979 under the Jimmy Carter administration. He is the founder and chairman of The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASAColumbia), an evidence-based research organization.

He is one of two living former Secretaries of Health, Education, and Welfare (the other is his predecessor, F. David Mathews).

He has been Adjunct Professor of Public Health (Health Policy and Management) at Columbia University Medical School (Department of Psychiatry) and School of Public Health and is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.

Other websites
 Biography at protectthetruth.org 
 National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASAColumbia)
 NNDB biographical article
 Oral History Interview with Joseph Califano from Oral Histories of the American South

 Booknotes interview with Califano on Inside: A Public and Private Life, May 23, 2004. 

1931 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Health, Education, and Welfare
Politicians from New York City
US Democratic Party politicians
Usora (river)

Usora is left tributary of the Bosnia in central Bosnia. The total length of the river Usora – from sources below the top of the mountain Očauš to the mouth above the Doboj  is about 82 kilometers. The town of Teslić, through which it flows, bears the  local name Velika Usora (Great Usora), since under the city at a place called Sastavci meets with his same named, but a lot less left tributary Mala Usora (Little Usora). It  also comes from the mountain masiff Uzlomac – Borja – Očauš below it in smaller distances rises more Bosnia river and their tributaries, as well as the basin Vrbanja river and Ukrina. In its upper reaches, the river makes a wide loop around Borja, from its southwest to northeast slopes.

Great Usora created by merging Gomjenice and Brkića stream. Small Usora springs below (south) of the main road M-4 (Banja Luka – Matuzići, some 10 km west of Pribinić). Before Sastavci locality, right tributary to it are: Mišića rijeka, Great Ostružnja, Inova , Miljkovača, Velika rijeka (Great river), Brezna  and smaller streams, as well as left: Rankovića rijeka, and Gračanica.

In much of the flow Ukrina is flooding  river but the increasingly frequent flooding causes significant damages.

In the early Bosnian history Usora belonged to  gold-bearing river, and it is believed that this is still in its upper course along with the many large and small tributaries and streams. Obvious hydro-energy potential Usora is permanently unused, and fish stocks almost negligible, especially if one takes into account the centuries-old discharging untreated waste industrial water Chemical Distillation of wood in Teslić.

Related pages
Uzlomac

References

Rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Echinodon

Echinodon is a genus of Heterodontosaur dinosaur. It has been found in the Lower Cretaceous of Europe, 140 million years ago.  

Saurechinodon is a synonym of this genus.

Heterodontosaurs
Cretaceous dinosaurs
Mel Lopez

Gemiliano "Mel" Campos Lopez, Jr. (1 September 1935 – 1 January 2017) was a Filipino politician. He served as the Mayor of Manila from 1986 to 1987 and 1988 to 1992. He was also an assemblyman of the Batasang Pambansa (former parliament of the Philippines) from 1984 to 1986. He was born in Manila.

Lopez died from a heart attack on 1 January 2017 in Quezon City. He was 81.

References

1935 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Mayors of Manila
Megalosauridae

Megalosauridae is a monophyletic family of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs in the order Megalosauroidea. They appeared in the Middle Jurassic, 

They are closely related to the family Spinosauridae. Some members of this family include Megalosaurus, Torvosaurus, Eustreptospondylus, and Afrovenator. 

Megalosaurids were among the first major adaptive radiations of large theropod dinosaurs, but they became extinct by the end of the Jurassic period. They were a relatively primitive group of basal tetanurans with two main subfamilies, Megalosaurinae and Afrovenatorinae. 

The basal genus Eustreptospondylus differs from both subfamilies. Its position is unclear

References 

Megalosauridae
François Chérèque

François Chérèque (1 June 1956 – 2 January 2017) was a French trade unionist. He was the leader of the trade union centre French Democratic Confederation of Labour (CFDT, ) from 2002 to 2012. He was born in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle.

Chérèque died from leukaemia on 2 January 2017 at the age of 60.

References

1956 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in France
Deaths from leukemia
People from Nancy
Trade unionists
Squash (drink)

Squash (also called cordial or dilute) is a non-alcoholic concentrated syrup. It is used in beverage making.  It is usually fruit-flavoured. Squash is made from fruit juice, water, and sugar. Modern squashes may also contain food coloring and additional flavoring. Some traditional squashes contain herbal extracts, most notably elderflower and ginger. The original name for Squash was "Lemon Squash" but the name was shortened to include other flavors.

References 

Soft drinks
Viktor Tsaryov

Viktor Grigoryevich Tsaryov (; 2 June 1931 – 2 January 2017) was a Russian footballer. He played professionally from 1954 to 1966. He was best known for playing as a midfielder for Dynamo Moscow. He later managed the USSR football team and Dynamo Moscow. He was born in Moscow.

Tsaryov died on 2 January 2017 in Moscow at the age of 85.

References

Other websites
 Viktor Tsaryov at rusteam.permian.ru 

1931 births
2017 deaths
Russian footballers
Sportspeople from Moscow
Soviet sportspeople
Bogdan Tuszyński

Bogdan Romuald Tuszyński (4 July 1932 – 1 January 2017) was a Polish sports journalist, reporter and historian. He was best known for his sports report Studio S-13 of the Polskie Radio, beginning in 1970. He started his job as an editor of Przegląd Sportowy (1951–1952). He later moved to Polskie Radio in 1953, leaving them in 1981. He also reported on the Peace Race every year. He published about thirty books between 1975 and 2009.  

Tuszyński was born in Łódź. His daughter, Agata Tuszyńska (born 1957), also became a journalist.

Tuszyński died after a long illness on 1 January 2017 in Warsaw. He was 84.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Poland
Polish historians
Polish journalists
People from Łódź
Polish writers
Lateen

A lateen (from French latine, meaning "Latin") or latin-rig is a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast. It runs in a fore-and-aft direction.

Dating back to Roman navigation, the lateen became the favorite sail of the Age of Discovery. This was mainly because it allowed a boat to tack "against the wind". It is common in the Mediterranean, the upper Nile River, and the northwestern parts of the Indian Ocean. It is the standard rig for feluccas and dhows. Another form is used on small recreational boats like the Sailfish and Sunfish.

Operation 
A square sail is a very simple device. It catches a following wind and pushes the vessel forward. The lateen sail is more complex. It is set at an angle to the wind. It works by creating a difference in air pressure between the two sides (concave and convex) of the sail. This is the same way a fore-and-aft sail works. This is why the lateen sail is considered the ancestor of the fore-and-aft sail. The advantages of the lateen sail is that it is effective in lighter winds. It causes less drag and so is more efficient. It allows the vessel to sail much "closer to the wind" (meaning it can sail at up to about 45 degrees into the wind). This made the lateen sail a very important invention.

Development 

The lateen sail did not directly come from the square sail. There was an intermediate sail type called the lug sail. It was one of the earliest fore-and-aft rigs. It was developed for use on the Indian Ocean. Sailors knew that the wind does not always come from behind the vessel. They learned that the square sail could be made more efficient by turning it on the mast so it remained at a right angle to the wind. When used with a keel and some form of steering, it provided more options. Instead of simply sailing downwind, the vessel could move in different directions relative to the direction of the wind. If the wind came from the beam (side of the ship), rotating the sail became less effective. But, if the luff (edge of the sail) was pointed into the wind and kept taut, the sail would provide forward movement.  This could be made more effective if the yard (or spar) holding the sail is sloped downward into the wind. From this discovery came the lug, then the lateen.

History 

In ancient history the square sail was used in the Mediterranean. It was used on seagoing ships of the Phoenicians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans. In Northern Europe at this time, they only used the square sail. This was even after the ships in the Mediterranean were using the triangular lateen sails.

The 15th and 16th century caravel was a favorite type of ship used in the Portuguese and Spanish voyages of discovery. In addition to their distinctive single sterncastle, they carried lateen sails. During this time the caravel developed into a very fast and highly maneuverable ship. Two of Christopher Columbus's ships, the Niña and the Pinta were caravels. He repeatedly praised the Niña as his fastest and favorite ship.

References

Other websites 
 Lateen sailing; YouTube

Sailing
ships
John Berger

John Peter Berger (5 November 1926 – 2 January 2017) was an English art critic, novelist, painter and poet. 

Berger was born in Hackney, London, England. He was the son of Miriam (nee Branson) and Stanley Berger. Berger served in the British Army from 1944 to 1946. He studied at the Chelsea School of Art and the Central School of Art in London.
 He lived in France for over 50 years.

Berger's novel G. won the 1972 Booker Prize. He wrote an essay on art criticism, Ways of Seeing. The essay was written as an accompaniment to a BBC series. It is often used as a university text.

Berger died on 2 January 2017 in Paris at the age of 90.

References

Booker Prize winners
1926 births
2017 deaths
Artists from London
English painters
English poets
People from Hackney
Tacking (sailing)

Tacking or coming about is a term in sailing that means the boat is changing directions by turning the bow of the vessel in relationship to the wind. It also means the course you are on relative to the direction of the oncoming wind. A tack with the wind blowing over the port (left) side of the boat is called a "port tack". A tack with the wind coming over the starboard side of the boat is called a "starboard tack". The sailboat's helmsman is responsible for communicating with the rest of the crew when making a tacking maneuver. When making a tack the helmsman calls out "ready about!" When the crew is ready they call out "ready", and the maneuver is started. The opposite of a tack (into the wind) is a jibe (changing direction while moving with the wind).

Tacking maneuver 
In order to tack a boat moving into the wind, some speed is necessary. If too much time is taken in completing the tack, the forward momentum will be lost and the boat may move backwards. If a sailboat is caught going directly into the wind, it is called "in irons." This stops all forward motion of the boat. A tacking maneuver is a basic skill that is learned with practice. The maneuver also is different in a single person small sailboat than in a 40 or 50 foot racing sailboat.

Beating 

Beating is the procedure by which a ship moves on a zig-zag course to make progress directly into the wind (upwind). No sailing vessel can move directly into the wind (though that may be the desired direction). Beating allows the vessel to advance indirectly upwind.

A ship that is beating will sail as "close to the wind" as possible. This position is known as close hauled. In general, the closest angle to the wind that a ship can sail is around 35 to 45 degrees. Some modern yachts can sail very near to the wind, while older ships, especially square-rigged ships, cannot sail very close to the wind.

References

Other websites 
 How to Sail a Boat : Coming About or Tacking; YouTube

Sailing
The Lego Ninjago Movie

The Lego Ninjago Movie is an American-Danish 3D computer-animated action comedy adventure martial arts movie. It is directed by Charlie Bean and written by Dan Hageman, Kevin Hageman, Kevin Chesley and Bryan Shukoff. The movie was released in the United States on September 22, 2017 through Warner Bros. and starts the voices of  Jackie Chan, Dave Franco, Olivia Munn, Justin Theroux, Zach Woods, Kumail Ninjiani, Abbi Jacobson, Fred Armisen and Michael Pena. It is the second spin-off of the 2014 movie The Lego Movie.

Plot 
Six young ninjas are tasked to defend their home island Ninjago. By night, they are warriors and use their skills and vehicles to fight against villains and monsters. By they are ordinary teenagers struggling against their greatest enemy: high school.

References

2017 movies
English-language movies
Lego
2010s action movies
2010s adventure movies
2010s comedy movies
2010s animated movies
American action comedy movies
American animated movies
Computer-animated movies
Warner Bros. movies
Prequel movies
Derek Parfit

Derek Parfit (11 December 1942 – 1 January 2017) was a British philosopher. He specialized in problems of personal identity, rationality, ethics, and the relations among them.

Early life
Parfit was born in Chengdu, China. His parents, Jessie and Norman Parfit, were British medical doctors who moved to Western China. After a year in China, Parfit moved to Oxford, England where he was raised. He studied at the University of Oxford.

Career
Parfit's 1984 book Reasons and Persons has been very well known to other philosophers. His last book, On What Matters (2011), was widely published and discussed for many years before its publication.

Parfit worked at Oxford University for all of his academic career. He was an Emeritus Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. He was also a visiting professor of philosophy at New York University, Harvard University, and Rutgers University. He was awarded the 2014 Rolf Schock Prize "for his groundbreaking contributions concerning personal identity, regard for future generations, and analysis of the structure of moral theories."

Personal life
Parfit was an experienced photographer and a poet. He was married to the philosopher Janet Radcliffe Richards.

Parfit died in London, England on 1 January 2017, aged 74.

References

Other websites
Profile, All Souls College, Oxford 
Derek Parfit: a bibliography. A complete bibliography of writings.
Parfit's Climbing the Mountain reading group on PEA Soup
A Small Amount of Biographical Information

1942 births
2017 deaths
British philosophers
British writers
People from Oxford
Battle of Austerlitz

In the battle of Austerlitz,   Napoleon Bonaparte  fought Russian and Austrian troops. The battle took place near Austerlitz (now in the Czech Republic) in 1805. Napoleon’s big victory let him create the Confederation of the Rhine. The book War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy contains a detailed description of the battle.

References

Wars involving France
19th century in Europe
Rogue One

Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (or just Rogue One) is an American science fiction movie. It was released worldwide in December 2016. A Lucasfilm movie, it is directed by Gareth Edwards. It was written by Chris Weitz and Tony Gilroy with the story by John Knoll and Gary Whitta. The film stars Felicity Jones, Diego Luna, Ben Mendelsohn, Donnie Yen, Mads Mikkelsen, Alan Tudyk, Jiang Wen and Forest Whitaker.

It is the first movie in the Star Wars anthology series. The story follows Jyn Erso, daughter of the unwilling designer of the Galactic Empire's super-weapon the Death Star. Her mission is to get the diagram so it can be destroyed.

Release Dates

Critical response 
James Dyer of Empire Magazine gave the film 4 stars, saying "The ultimate Star Wars fan film, it's short on whimsy but when it gets going there's enough risk-taking and spectacle to bode well for future standalones". Amy Nicholson of MTV gave the film a C-, saying "Audiences once packed theaters to gawk at the future; now, it's to soak in the past. The emphasis is on packing in as much nostalgia as possible and tersely editing it together to resemble a film". IGN's Eric Goldman gave the film a 9/10, stating "The film offers a remarkable recreation of the original Star Wars' world, while exploring this universe from a different, edgier perspective than is the norm". Matthew Pejkovic of Matt's Movie Reviews scored the film a 4/5, saying "Earns its intergalactic stripes as a Star Wars spin-off of visual gumption and gritty action filmmaking, securing its place as the glue between trilogies in this ever expanding space saga". Mark Dujsik of Mark Reviews Movies gave the film a 2/4, stating "We're used to the characters in this series existing primarily as archetypes. The characters here, though, barely qualify as archetypes".

References

Other websites
  at 
 
 Rogue One The Movie Database

2016 science fiction movies
American epic movies
American sequel movies
Prequel movies
Movie spin-offs
Star Wars movies
Richard Machowicz

Richard John "Mack" Machowicz (May 30, 1965 – January 2, 2017) was an American television presenter and Navy SEAL. He was the host of the Discovery Channel and Military Channel show Future Weapons. He also was a member of the Spike series Deadliest Warrior. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Machowicz was diagnosed with brain cancer in 2015. His condition got worse in December 2016. He died on January 2, 2017 in Pearland, Texas at the age of 51.

References

Other websites

 

1965 births
2017 deaths
American martial artists
American military people
American television personalities
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from brain cancer
People from Detroit, Michigan
Alfonso Wong

Alfonso Wong (, 1925 – 1 January 2017) was a Hong Kong manhua artist. He also wrote under the pen name "Wong Chak" (), which is his son's name. He created the comic strip Old Master Q (Lao Fu Zi), which has been published since 1962. He was born in Tianjin, China and moved to Hong Kong in 1960. He had six sons.

Wong died from organ failure on 1 January 2017 in California, United States. He was 91.

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
Comics artists
Comics writers
Chinese writers
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in California
People from Hong Kong
Granny (orca)

Granny ( – ), also known by scientific name J2, was an orca, or killer whale. With an age of about 105, Granny was the oldest orca humans know of to ever live. She was first captured in 1967 with a group of orcas. However, she was believed to be too old for public aquariums and was released.

In January 2017, it was announced that researchers considered Granny dead. She had last been seen on October 12, 2016.

References

1910s births
2017 deaths
Cetaceans
Individual animals
Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne

Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne (Oscar Carl Olof; born 2 March 2016) is the second child and only son of Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden. His older sister is Princess Estelle.

Titles and styles 
 02 March 216 – present: His Royal Highness Prince Oscar of Sweden, Duke of Skåne. 
(swedish: Hans Kunglig Höghet Oscar, Prins av Sverige, Hertig av Skåne)

2016 births
Living people
Princes and princesses
Swedish royalty
SOCATA MS.880 Rallye

The SOCATA MS.880 Rallye is a French light aircraft used by civilian and military users. It's first mission is training.

History 
It was create by Morane-Saulnier and after built by SOCATA. A military light attack version is known as Rallye 235 Guerrier.
Some were built under licence in Poland as PZL Koliber.

Aviation in France
Civil aircraft
Sir Thaddeus

Sir Thaddeus, or the Last Lithuanian Foray: A Nobleman's Tale from the Years of 1811 and 1812 in Twelve Books of Verse (in Polish Pan Tadeusz, czyli ostatni zajazd na Litwie. Historia szlachecka z roku 1811 i 1812 we dwunastu księgach wierszem) is a long poem by Polish romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz. It is regarded as a national epic. It was first published in Paris in 1834. The poet was then in exile in France. Sir Thaddeus is a story of a conflict between two noble families, the Soplicas and the Horeszkos. The time is 1811 and 1812, shortly before Napoleon invaded Russia. When attacked by Russian soldiers, both families fought against the enemy. The conflict between the families was ended with the marriage of Thaddeus Soplica and Sophia Horeszko.

Adam Mickiewicz was born in the East of the former Polish-Lithuanian state. Because of that he called Lithuania his mother-country.

Litwo! Ojczyzno moja! ty jesteś jak zdrowie.
Ile cię trzeba cenić, ten tylko się dowie,
Kto cię stracił. Dziś piękność twą w całej ozdobie
Widzę i opisuję, bo tęsknię po tobie.

Lithuania, my country, thou art like health; how much thou shouldst be prized only he can learn who has
lost thee. To-day thy beauty in all its splendour I see and describe, for I yearn for thee. (Translation in prose by George Rapall Noyes).

The poem is written in 13-syllable metre, very common in Polish literature.

References

Bibliography 
 Adam Mickiewicz, Pan Tadeusz; or The last foray in Lithuania; a story of life among Polish gentlefolk in the years 1811 and 1812, Translated from the Polish by George Rapall Noyes, London 1917.

Other websites 
 Full text of the poem in Polish

Epic poems
Charles J. Colgan

Charles Joseph Colgan (September 25, 1926 – January 3, 2017) was an American politician and businessman. He served as a member of the Virginia Senate from the 29th district from January 1976 to January 2016. He also served two terms as President pro tempore from 2008 to 2012, and for less than four months in 2014.

Colgan was born in Frostburg, Maryland. He served in the U.S. Air Force (USAF) in 1945. He was married twice and had eight children.

Colgan died from a vascular illness on January 3, 2017 in Aldie, Virginia. He was 90.

References

1926 births
2017 deaths
American military personnel of World War II
Businesspeople from Maryland
Businesspeople from Virginia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Virginia
Politicians from Maryland
Politicians from Virginia
US Democratic Party politicians
Ivo Brešan

Ivo Brešan (27 May 1936 – 3 January 2017) was a Croatian playwright, novelist and screenwriter. He was for known for political satire. He was on screen from the early 1970s to 2006. His work included Acting Hamlet in the Village of Mrdusa Donja (1973), How the War Started on My Island (1996) and Marshal Tito's Spirit (1999). He had written screenplays with his son Vinko Brešan.

Brešan was born in Vodice. In 2001, he was awarded the Vladimir Nazor Award for Life Achievement in Literature

Brešan died on 3 January 2017 in Zagreb at the age of 80.

References

Other websites
 

1936 births
2017 deaths
Croatian screenwriters
Novelists
Playwrights
Yugoslavian people
Rolf Noskwith

Rolf Noskwith (19 June 1919 – 3 January 2017) was a British businessman. During the Second World War, he worked under Alan Turing as a cryptographer at the British military base Bletchley Park in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire.

Noskwith was born in Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany. His parents were Eastern European-born Jews. He moved with his family to England in 1932. He was educated at Cambridge.

Noskwith died on 3 January 2017 in London at the age of 97.

References

1919 births
2017 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
British businesspeople
British Jews
German Jews
Jewish businesspeople
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
People from Chemnitz
Halal snack pack

A halal snack pack, or HSP, is a dish that comes from Australia. It is made up of halal-certified doner kebab meat (mainly lamb, chicken or beef), chips, sauces (mainly chili, garlic and barbecue sauces) and often cheese. The exact origin of the halal snack pack is unknown. Halal snack packs have become more popular since 2015, when the Facebook group "Halal Snack Pack Appreciation Society" was created.

References

Australia
Fast food
Diego Luna

Diego Luna Alexander (born 29 December 1979) is a Mexican actor, director and producer. He has appeared in many movies, including Y tu mamá también (2001), Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights (2004), The Terminal (2004), Milk (2008), Elysium (2013) and Rogue One (2016). He currently stars as Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo in the Netflix crime series Narcos: Mexico (2018–present).

Luna was born in Toluca and grew up in Mexico City. His mother Fiona Alexander, a British set designer, died in a car accident when Luna was two. His father Alejandro Luna is a Mexican set designer. He was married to actress Camila Sodi from 2008 to 2013. They have two children.

References

Other websites

 

1979 births
Living people
Actors from Mexico City
Child actors
Mexican movie actors
Mexican movie directors
Mexican television actors
Donnie Yen

Donnie Yen (born 27 July 1963), also known as Yen Ji-dan (甄子丹), is a Chinese-born Hong Kong actor, martial artist, movie director, producer and action choreographer. He is also a wushu world champion many times. He is best known for his role as Ip Man in the Ip Man (2008–2015) trilogy movies. He also appeared in Shanghai Knights (2003), Flash Point (2007) and Rogue One (2016). 

Yen was born in Guangzhou, Guangdong. When he was two years old, his family moved to Hong Kong. They later moved to Boston, Massachusetts, United States when he was 11. He has been married twice and has three children.

References

Other websites

 

1963 births
Living people
Actors from Hong Kong
Chinese movie directors
Choreographers
Judoka
Mixed martial artists
Chinese movie actors
Chinese movie producers
Chinese television actors
Hercules (2014 movie)

Hercules is an American 2014 action-adventure-fantasy film. Directed by Brett Ratner, it stars Dwayne Johnson, Ian McShane, Rufus Sewell and John Hurt and is based off the graphic novel Hercules: The Thracian Wars. It was released on July 25, 2014 and was one of two movies released in 2014 which were about the mythical warrior, the other being The Legend of Hercules; unlike the former, this film gained mixed to positive critical reviews and was a box office success.

Plot
Hercules (Dwayne Johnson), is the leader of a gang of mercenaries, comprised of the prophet Amphariaus (Ian McShane), the thief Autylocus (Rufus Sewell), the barbarian Tydeus (Aksel Hennie), the huntress Atalanta (Ingrid Bolsø Berdal) and his nephew Iolaus (Reece Ritchie).  Hercules is supposedly the lovechild of Zeus and a mortal woman who engaged in 12 legendary labors, but was betrayed by Hera, who induced him with madness, which caused him to kill his wife and children while he was visiting King Eurystheus (Joseph Fiennes). Despite Hercules' origins not being clearly established in the movie, he displays powerful godlike strength and unmatched skill in combat. However, he is frequently plagued by the memory of murdering his family and visions of the three-headed hellhound Cerberus.

After saving his nephew on the coast of Macedonia, Hercules celebrates with his team. As they drink in a tavern, the group are approached by Ergenia (Rebecca Ferguson), the daughter of Lord Cotys (John Hurt) who wants Hercules to train the Thracian armies to defend his kingdom from the warrior king Rhesus, to which the hero accepts. The band are welcomed to Thrace by Cotys and General Sitacles (Peter Mullan). However, Rhesus has reached the Bessi people Cotys insists that Hercules leads the army into battle to defend the tribe, despite their lack of training. However, they arrive too late as Rhesus has cursed the Bessi into turning against the Thracians.

2014 movies
American movies
Movies based on Greek and Roman mythology
Igor Volk

Igor Petrovich Volk (, ; 12 April 1937 – 3 January 2017) was a Soviet cosmonaut and test pilot. He was best known for his involvement as a research cosmonaut in the Soyuz T-12 in 1980. It was seventh manned spaceflight to the Soviet space station Salyut 7. He bomber pilot in the Soviet Air Force. He later joined the Moscow Aviation Institute in 1962. He had over 7000 flight hours logged in over 80 different aircraft. He had the rank of colonel in the Russian Air Force.

Volk was born in Zmiiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukrainian SSR. He was given many awards, most famously the Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin titles. He was married and had two children.

Volk died on 3 January 2017 while on holiday in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. He was 79.

References

1937 births
2017 deaths
Colonels
Cosmonauts
Russian military people
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
René Ballet

René Ballet (1928 – 2 January 2017) was a French journalist and author. He was a communist and a member of the French Communist Party. He started his career as a civil servant in Paris in 1961. He was first a civil servant in finance and later in national education. He was the writer of 14 novels and 35 essays. In 1978, he started working for the communist newspaper L'Humanité.

Ballet was born in Saint-Étienne. He grew up in Grenoble. He joined the French Resistance during World War II. He lived in Vanves.

Ballet died on 2 January 2017 at the age of 88.

References

1928 births
2017 deaths
Communists
French journalists
French novelists
People from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Wayne Westner

Wayne Brett Westner (28 September 1961 – 4 January 2017) was a South African golfer. He turned professional in 1982. He had a total of 13 wins in his career. He was best known for his 1993 Dubai Desert Classic win. He also notably won the World Cup of Golf in 1996 with Ernie Els. His career ended in 1998 because of injury. He was born in Johannesburg.

Westner was reportedly involved in a hostage event on 4 January 2017 at his home in Pennington, KwaZulu-Natal. He later committed suicide (killed himself) with a gunshot wound to his head at his home. He was 55.

References

Other websites

1961 births
2017 deaths
People from Johannesburg
South African golfers
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides by firearm
Rigging

The rigging of a sailing ship is made up of the ropes and/or chains used to support the ship's masts, yards and sails. The standing rigging is used to support the masts. The running rigging supports the yards and sails. Some types of sailboats that have unsupported masts do not have any rigging. These include the junk rig and catboat rigs. Bermuda sloops with a single mast and one headsail use fairly simple rigging. Cutter-rigged ketches and schooners have the most complex rigging.

Standing rigging 
A sailing ship's standing rigging is made up of the ropes used to support the masts, yards and booms. Most modern sailing vessels use wire rope for the standing rigging. Modern standing rigging is regularly checked for tension using a special gauge. Adjusting the tension is done by use of a turnbuckle. Ropes, wires or rods that run fore-and-aft along the centerline which stabilize the masts or spars are called stays. Those that from the mast to the bow are called forestays. Those that run from the mast to the stern are called backstays.

Running rigging 
The running rigging of a sailing vessel controls the sails. The running rigging is usually made up of various kinds of rope (ropes are also called lines). It uses blocks and Sheaves to adjust the length of the ropes. A block is a kind of pulley. A sheave is the grooved wheel inside the block. Larger sailing boats and ships use winches. The adjustability of the running rigging allows the boat to perform various maneuvers such as tacking and jibing. Common to all sailboats are the outhaul and the downhaul. The outhaul pulls the sail to the free end of the boom. The downhaul keeps the boom from rising on the mast.

References

Other websites 
 Lines, Cables and Spars, oh my…
 Adjusting standing rigging tensions; YouTube
 Rigging Inspections, Check your rigging before heading out; YouTube
 Running Rigging; YouTube

Sailing
ships
Djoser

Djoser (other names include Netjerikhet, Tosorthos, and Sesorthos) was the first Pharaoh, or king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt, c. 2670 BCE. He is known for the building of the first pyramid built in Egypt, the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. The Third Dynasty, based in Memphis, was the beginning of the Old Kingdom, a period of stability, achievement and unity.

There have been claims that he was not the first king, as the Abydos King List and the Turin King List give a king by the name of Sanakht. There is no archaeological evidence to support this, and most experts agree that Djoser was the first. He ruled for at least 20 years, but he had so many temples, tombs and monuments built that some experts say he may have ruled for up to 30 years.

There is a painted limestone statue of Djoser, which is the oldest discovered life sized Egyptian statue. It was found in Saqqara during archaeological digging in 1924-1925. The statue is now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

The Step Pyramid

The building of the Step Pyramid was quite an achievement. It is the first massive monument built in stone, about 62 meters in height. It is surrounded by a 10 meter high wall, which encloses an area of about 16 hectares. It shows that the kingdom must have been stable and wealthy to have spent so much time and money to build it. The man who designed it and supervised the building was Imhotep, the oldest named architect known to us. Thousands of years later, Djoser was known to Egyptians as the "opener of stone", recognising his legacy of using stone for buildings.

The Famine
The Egyptians believed in a story of how Djoser was able to end a famine. There is no evidence from the time of his rule, but an engraved stone, a stele, was made 2000 years later giving the details. Even if the story is a legend, it does show that Djoser was remembered as a great pharaoh. Egypt had been suffering from a famine for seven years, when the god of the Nile, Khnum, spoke to Djoser in a dream. Djoser rebuilt Khnum's temple on Elephantine, an island near modern Aswan. This pleased the god, and the famine ended. The ruins of the temple are still visible today.

References

Pharaohs
Abdul Halim Jaffer Khan

Abdul Halim Jaffer Khan (February 15, 1927 – January 4, 2017) was an Indian sitar player and composer. Khan was born in Madhya Pradesh, India. He won the national awards Padma Shri (1970) and Padma Bhushan (2006) and was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for 1987. He composed musical movie scores for Goonj Uthi Shehnai (1959), Kohinoor (1960) and Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje (1971).

Khan died on January 4, 2017 at his home in Mumbai, India from cardiac arrest, aged 89.

References

1927 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian musicians
Composers
Joe Manganiello

Joseph Michael "Joe" Manganiello ( ; ; born December 28, 1976) is an American actor, director, producer, author and philanthropist.

He played Flash Thompson in Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy and had many recurring roles in television on ER, How I Met Your Mother, and One Tree Hill, before landing his breakout role as werewolf Alcide Herveaux on the HBO television series True Blood.

He played the supervillain Deathstroke in Zack Snyder's 2017 movie Justice League. He appeared as Burke in the 2018 movie Rampage.

Manganiello has appeared in movies such as Magic Mike, What to Expect When You're Expecting, and Sabotage.

In late 2013, he became a published author when his first book, Evolution, was released by Simon & Schuster's Gallery Books. He is active with several charities, including Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, and he serves on the committee of The Art of Elysium.

In 2015, he married Sofía Vergara after three months of dating. They now live in Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites

 

1976 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American activists
American philanthropists
American movie directors
American movie producers
American television directors
American television producers
Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Writers from Pennsylvania
Deathstroke

Deathstroke (Slade Joseph Wilson) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by Marv Wolfman and George Perez.

He is a mercenary and assassin who first appeared in The New Teen Titans (vol. 1) #2 (1980). Wizard magazine rated him the 24th greatest villain of all time. Also, in 2009, Deathstroke was ranked as IGN's 32nd greatest comic book villain of all time.

Originally the archenemy of the Teen Titans, writers have developed him over the years as a villain of other heroes in the DC Universe; parallels have been established between him and Batman, and he has a deep-seated grudge against Green Arrow. The character has been adapted from the comics into multiple forms of media, including several Batman related projects and the Teen Titans animated series.

Deathstroke later appeared on The CW's live action TV series Arrow, where he is portrayed by Manu Bennett.  Joe Manganiello has been cast as Deathstroke for the DC Extended Universe movie series.

References

DC Comics characters