cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Explode (song)

"Explode" is a song recorded by American musician Patrick Stump. The track is the opening song on his debut studio album Soul Punk. The song was leaked on his YouTube channel on May 6, 2011 for promotion towards his album.

Background 
On May 6, 2011, Stump updated his website and also posted to his Facebook and Twitter, announcing "I feel like I'm gonna explode 5.9.11". The phrase came from a song called "Explode", which Stump had premiered at a live show. The new song was revealed on May 9, 2011. Stump released the song on a website called Vulture. NyMag.com commented that the song is a lot like the music of Michael Jackson. They also said that it was similar to the music of Stump's old band, Fall Out Boy. The song's video caption, which read "Soul Punk: coming late Summer", was Stump's first official announcement to the public regarding Soul Punk'''s release date.Idolator'' reported that "Explode" features Stump's unique, recognisable vocals and the clever wordplay that used to be expected from Pete Wentz.

2011 songs
Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)

The Kingdom of Italy was the Italian state from the Italian unification in 1861 to its defeat in WW2 and dissolution in 1946 when it became the modern day Italian Republic.

History 
Before 1861, Italy was not one country.  Instead, there were many kingdoms and duchies (places ruled by dukes) in the Italian Peninsula.  In 1861, they all became one country and King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia became the King of Italy.  In WW1, Italy was on the allies side and was one of the winners.  In 1922, Benito Mussolini became Prime Minister.  He was a fascist leader and made Italy into a dictatorship without much liberty. 

When WW2 began, Mussolini led Italy to be allied with Hitler, and the Axis powers.  The axis powers lost WW2.  Mussolini's leadership ended in 1943, and he was killed in 1945.  Germany invaded Italy and this is why Italy didn't become an occupied country as Germany did.  In 1946, the people voted to get rid of the monarchy and become today's Italian Republic and slowly became stable again.

Colonies 

Italy began their colonial empire in the late 1880s when they conquered Eritrea and Somalia in the Horn of Africa.  In the 1910's, they took Libya from the Ottoman Empire.  In 1936, Italy conquered Ethiopia, creating the colony of Italian East Africa.  When they lost WW2, their colonies were lost to the British and the French.

Aftermath of World War II 
Nazi Germany controlled Italy at the end of WW2 , but they eventually were invaded by  the Allies and when Hitler killed himself, The Nazis lost WW2. After Nazi Germany ceased to exist, Italy was independent again. However, all was not good.  Italy was left in huge debt, causing Italy to be poor. Many people from Italy emigrated to the United States to escape being poor. In 1946, People voted to get rid of the monarchy (kings) and establish the new Italian Republic. Slowly, the new government helped Italy get back up again into its current state. Also, dramatically, people stopped emigrating because life in Italy was becoming better.

List of monarchs 

 Victor Emmanuel II (1861-1878)
 Umberto I (1878-1900)
 Victor Emmanuel III (1900-1946)

 Umberto II (1946)

19th century in Italy
20th century in Italy
Former monarchies in Italy
New Jersey Turnpike

The New Jersey Turnpike is a toll road in New Jersey. The road runs from near the Delaware Memorial Bridge in the southern part of the state northeast to near the George Washington Bridge in the northern part of the state near New York City. The northern part of the road is a part of Interstate 95. The New Jersey Turnpike is one of the busiest toll roads in the United States.

References

Roads in the United States
Transport in New Jersey
Jordan at the Olympics

Jordan at the Olympicsis a history which began in 1980.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Jordan is JOR.

History
Teams from Jordan have been in every Summer Olympic Games since.  It has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2011, no Jordanian athlete has ever won an Olympic medal. In the 1988 Seoul Games, Samer Kamal and Ihsan Abu Sheikha won bronze medals in Taekwondo. As this was Taekwondo's first time in the Olympics it was named a demonstration sport, not an official Olympic event. Ammar Fahed managed to get the third Jordanian bronze medal in Barcelona Olympic games 1992.

The National Olympic Committee for Jordan was formed in 1957 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1963.

Olympic table

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 
 Jordan profile at London2012.com

Olympics
Nations at the Olympics
Kazakhstan at the Olympics

Kazakhstan was first at the Olympic Games as an independent nation in 1994.  They have been in every Games since.  Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Kazakh athletes were part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics, and were also part of the Unified Team in 1992.

Kazakh athletes have won a total of 52 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, and another six at the Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Kazakhstan was formed in 1990 and recognized in 1993.



Medalists

References
 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Kazakhstan
North Korea at the Olympics

North Korea at the Olympics is a history which includes 17 games in 14 countries and 300+ athletes.  Since 1946, North Korea has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for the North Korea was NKO.  It is now PRK.

History
The North Korean National Olympic Committee was formed in 1953.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1957.

North Korea's team first competed at the 1964 Winter Olympics at Innsbruck .

Medalists

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
  Olympic Committee of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
 Democratic People's Republic of Korea profile at London2012.com

Sport in North Korea
Nations at the Olympics
South Korea at the Olympics

South Korea at the Olympics is a history which includes 32 games in 18 countries and 2,000+ athletes.  Since 1946, South Korea (KOR) has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

History
The Korean National Olympic Committee was formed in 1946.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1947.

Korea's team first competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.

Athletes from Korea did not take part in the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Winter Olympics.

Medal tables
Team highlights include the bronze medal in the men's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics.  The win against Japan resulted in Korea's first medal in this sport.

Summer games

Winter games

Host country

Korea hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics (XXIVth Olympiad) in Seoul.

The 2018 Winter Olympics will be held in Pyeongchang.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

  Korean Olympic Committee
 South Korea profile at London2012.com

Sport in South Korea
Nations at the Olympics
Kuwait at the Olympics

Kuwait has been in 10 Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

In the 1992 Barcelona Games, Kuwait received a bronze medal in taekwondo.  It was only a demonstration sport that year so the medal was not official.

The National Olympic Committee for Kuwait was formed in 1957 and recognized in 1966.

Medalists

References

Sport in Kuwait
Nations at the Olympics
Kyrgyzstan at the Olympics

Kyrgyzstan has been in four Summer Games and four Winter Games as an independent state.  They have won three medals. The nation was part of the Soviet Union before 1992. In 1992, Kyrgyzstan was on the Unified Team.  Kyrgyzstan was at the 1994 Winter Olympics as their own country after the breakup of the Soviet Union.

List of medalists

References
 

Sport in Kyrgyzstan
Nations at the Olympics
Laos at the Olympics

Laos has been in seven Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games. They have never won a medal. 

The National Olympic Committee of Lao was formed in 1975 and recognized in 1979.

References

Other websites
 

Laos
Nations at the Olympics
Lebanon at the Olympics

Lebanon at the Olympicsis a history which began in 1948.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Lebanon is LBN.

History
A team from Lebanon was first at the Olympic Games in 1948.  They have been in all but one Summer Olympic Games since then. Lebanon was one of three nations to boycott the 1956 Games in protest of the British and French involvement in the Suez Crisis.
Lebanon has also been in most Winter Olympic Games since 1948, missing only the 1994 and 1998 Winter Games.

Lebanon was at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games in Singapore.

The National Olympic Committee for Lebanon was formed in 1947.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1948.

List of medalists

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Lebanon
École normale supérieure

École normale supérieure is the name for a number of French higher education bodies grand écoles, comparable to universities. In France, universities have to accept all students with a baccalaureat. This is different for the so-called Grandes Ecoles, which includes the Ecoles normales supérieures. These schools do not have the obligation to accept anyone, and only a select few can attend studies at these institutions, most of whom will become part of the elite in various areas. Universities have faculties, and each faculty is responsible for one branch of studies. the ENS usually group similar subjects at one school, and do not have faculties.

Notable Alumni 
 Louis Althusser
 Michel Foucault
 Jean-Charles Darmon (1982), French literary critic.
 Jacques Derrida
 Jean-Paul Sartre

Colleges and universities in France
Malaysia at the Olympics

Malaysia was first at the Olympic Games in 1956.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Malaysia was MAL.  It is now MAS.

History
Teams from Malaysia have been in every Summer Olympic Games since 1956, except the boycotted 1980 Summer Olympics.  Malaysia has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As the Federation of Malaya, the nation was namedMalaya (MAL) for the 1956 and 1960 Games.  North Borneo sent an independent team to the 1956 Games, and Singapore had also competed at the Olympics from 1948 to 1960.  After these British colonies formed an independent Malaysia in 1963, the nation competed under that name for the first time at the 1964 Summer Olympics.  Singapore regained independence from Malaysia in 1965 and competed once again as Singapore at the Olympics from 1968 onwards.

Malaysian athletes have won a total of six Olympic medals.  Most are in badminton.

The National Olympic Committee for Malaysia was formed in 1953 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1954.

List of medalists

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
  Malaysia profile at London2012.com

Olympics
Nations at the Olympics
Maldives at the Olympics

The Maldives were first at the Olympic Games in 1988.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2011, the Maldives has not won any medals at the Olympics. 

The National Olympic Committee for Maldives was formed in 1985 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee that same year.

References 

 

Maldives
Nations at the Olympics
Mongolia at the Olympics

Mongolia at the Olympics is a history which began in 1956.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Mongolia is MGL.

History
A team from Mongolia was first at the Olympic Games in 1964.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except the boycotted 1984 Summer Olympics.

Mongolia has also been in the Winter Olympic Games since 1964.  They have missed only the 1976 Winter Games.

Mongolian athletes have won a total of nineteen medals, all in Summer Olympics competitions.

The Mongolian National Olympic Committee was formed in 1956 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1962.

List of medalists

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Mongolia
Myanmar at the Olympics

Myanmar, also known as Burma, was first at the Olympic Games in 1948.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Myanmar is MYA.  In 1964, it was BUR for Burma.

History
Athletes from this country have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the 1976 Games.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.  Since the 1992 Games, the nation has been named Myanmar in Olympic competition.

As of 2011, no Burmese athlete has ever won an Olympic medal.

The National Olympic Committee for Myanmar was formed in 1947 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee that same year.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
  Myanmar profile at London2012.com

Sport in Myanmar
Nations at the Olympics
Nepal at the Olympics

Nepal at the Olympics is a history which began in 1963. 

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Nepal is NEP.

History
Nepal has been in eleven Summer Olympic Games, and in three Winter Olympic Games. 

The country has never won an official Olympic medal.  Bidhan Lama won a bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, when taekwondo was an exhibition sport.

The Nepal Olympic Committee was formed in 1962 and recognized in 1963.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
om/olympics/countries/NEP/ Sports Reference
Home page

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Nepal
Oman at the Olympics

Oman at the Olympics is a history which includes 8 games in 7 countries and 30+ athletes. Since 1982, Oman has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Oman is OMA.

History
Teams from Oman have taken part in the Summer Olympic Games but not the Winter Olympic Games.  No Oman athlete has won an Olympic medal.

The Oman Olympic Committee was formed and recognized in 1982.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
 Oman profile at London2012.com

Sport in Oman
Nations at the Olympics
Pakistan at the Olympics

Pakistan at the Olympics is a history which includes 17 games in 13 countries and 300+ athletes.  Since 1948, Pakistan  has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Pakistan is PAK.

History
The Pakistan National Olympic Committee was formed in 1948.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1948.

Pakistan's team first competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.

Pakistan's first time in the Winter Olympic Games was at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics.

Medalists

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
  Pakistan profile at London2012.com

Sport in Pakistan
Nations at the Olympics
University of Tarapacá

The University of Tarapacá (in Spanish: Universidad de Tarapacá) is a Chilean university with 3 headquarters located in Arica and one in Iquique. It's another university in the north of Chile.

History 
It was founded on 1981 but starts in 1982. This university derives from the old headquarter of University of Chile in Arica.

Faculties 
 Sciences
 Health Sciences
 Law & Social Sciences
 Education & Humanities
 Agronomical Sciences

Other websites 
 Universidad de Tarapacá 

Arica
1982 establishments
1980s establishments in Chile
Ostracoderm

The Oststracoderms are a class of extinct fish. They were bony-armoured jawless fish, the Osteostraci ("bony shields"). They lived in what is now North America, Europe and Russia from the Middle Silurian to Upper Devonian. They were the first fish to use gills just for respiration.

Ostracoderms were the first fossil fish to be discovered. They were found in the 1830s in the Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. The genus Cephalaspis is quite a common fossil in these rocks.

References 

Extinct fish
Agnatha
Nancy Wake

Nancy Grace Augusta Wake (30 August 1912 – 7 August 2011) known as the "White Mouse", was an Australian who worked as a spy for the British in World War II. At one time she was on the top of the Gestapo's most wanted list. A novel by Sebastian Faulks based on her life called Charlotte Gray, was later made into a movie starring Cate Blanchett.

Wake was born in Wellington, New Zealand in 1912, and moved to Australia when she was two. She ran away from home at the age of 16, and in 1935 went to London. She learned to be a journalist and worked in Paris. She married a rich factory owner, Henry Fioca in 1939. When the war started she became an ambulance driver. She soon became a part of a group led by Pat O'Leary (real name Albert Guérisse) which helped British soldiers escape from France. The Gestapo soon noticed her activities and she fled to Spain. Her husband was captured, tortured and shot dead.

In England she joined the Special Operation Executive (SOE). In April 1944, Wake was parachuted into France to work with the French Resistance before the D-Day landings. She was involved in several major battles with the German army. She claimed to have once killed an SS soldier with her bare hands.

She was given several important medals for bravery including the British George Medal, the French Croix de Guerre (on three occasions), the Médaille de la Résistance and she was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur. The Americans gave her the Medal of Freedom. In 2004 Australia made her a Companion of the Order of Australia.

She was an unusual woman for her time. She had a reputation among the soldiers she worked with for being a heavy drinker. Major John Farmer said about her drinking that "...we just couldn't work out where it all went". When the Australian government offered her a medal she said they could "stick their medals where the monkey sticks his nuts". She sold her medals to support her income in her old age. She said "There was no point in keeping them, I'll probably go to hell and they'd melt anyway".

References

1911 births
2011 deaths

World War II people
Order of Australia
Spies
People from Wellington
Erymanthian Boar

In Greek mythology, the Erymanthian Boar (Greek: ὁ Ἐρυμάνθιοs κάπρος; Latin: aper Erymanthius) is a creature. It is known in connection with The Twelve Labours, in which Heracles, the enemy of Hera, visited all the other sites of the Goddess throughout the world to defeat every monster that nature could imagine, and return the early world to his Olympian father, Zeus, who would be its new master.

References

Graves, Robert, The Greek Myths 1955.
Kerenyi, Karl, The Heroes of the Greeks 1959.
Carl A. P. Ruck and Danny Staples, The World of Classical Myth, 1994.
Ovid, Heroides 
Apollodorus, ii.5.4ff
Diodorus Siculus iv.12
Apollonius of Rhodes i.122ff
Pausanias, Greece

Other websites 
 Greek Mountain Flora 
 Theoi Project : Erymanthian Boar, Giant boar of Arcadia

Greek legendary creatures
Pigs
Mount Tamalpais

Mount Tamalpais (, known locally as "Mount Tam") is a mountain in Marin County, California, United States. It is the highest mountain in the Marin Hills. It is often seen as a symbol of Marin County.

A lot of Mount Tamalpais is on protected public lands such as Mount Tamalpais State Park and the Mount Tamalpais Watershed. The elevation at the East Peak, its second highest point, is . The West Peak, the mountain's highest peak, is  above sea level.

References

Mountains of California
Marin County, California
Barnard's star

Barnard's Star, also known as Barnard's Runaway Star, is a very low-mass red dwarf star approximately six light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus (the Snake-holder). It is very old, and moving relatively fast.

In 1916, the American astronomer E. E. Barnard measured its proper motion as 10.3 arcseconds per year. This is the largest-known proper motion of any star relative to the Sun. At a distance of about 1.8 parsecs from the Solar System, or just under six light-years, Barnard's Star is the nearest known star in the constellation Ophiuchus, and the fourth-closest known individual star to the Sun, after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system. Despite its proximity, Barnard's Star, at a dim apparent magnitude of about nine, is not visible with the unaided eye; however, it is much brighter in infrared light than it is in visible light.

Details 
Barnard's Star has been the subject of much study, and it has probably received more attention from astronomers than any other class M dwarf star due to its proximity and favorable location for observation near the celestial equator. Barnard's Star is also notable as the target for Project Daedalus, a study on the possibility of fast, unmanned travel to nearby star systems.

At seven to 12 billion years of age, Barnard's Star is considerably older than the Sun, and it might be among the oldest stars in the Milky Way galaxy. Barnard's Star rotates just once every 130 days (compared with just over 25-30 days for the Sun). In 1998 astronomers saw an intense flare, showing that Barnard's Star is a 'flare star'. Barnard's Star has the variable star designation V2500 Ophiuchi.

The proper motion of Barnard's Star is 'sideways' relative to our line of sight to the Sun of 90 kilometers per second (km/s). The 10.3 seconds of arc it travels annually amount to a quarter of a degree in a human lifetime, roughly half the angular diameter of the full Moon.

The radial velocity of Barnard's Star towards the Sun can be measured by its blue shift. These measurements, combined with proper motion, suggest a true velocity relative to the Sun of about 140 km/s.

While Barnard's Star has the largest proper motion, the largest known true velocity of another star in the Milky Way belongs to Wolf 424 at 555 km/s.

Barnard's Star will make its closest approach to the Sun around AD 11,700, when it approaches to within about 3.8 light-years. However, at that time, it will not be the nearest star, since Proxima Centauri will have moved even closer to the Sun. Barnard's Star will still be too dim to be seen with the naked eye at the time of its closest approach, since its apparent magnitude will be about 8.5 then. After that it will gradually recede from the Sun.

References 

Red dwarfs
Punjabi language movement

The Punjabi Language Movement (PLM) is a linguistic movement in Punjab (Pakistan) aimed at reviving the Punjabi language, art, culture and literature in Pakistan. The Punjabi people constitute the largest ethnic group in Pakistan though Urdu is the national language and Punjabi itself does not have an official status. The PLM's ideologies are based on Punjabi nationalism.

References

Punjabi language
Platanus orientalis

Platanus orientalis, also called Oriental plane tree and chenar, is a large, deciduous tree of the Platanaceae family. It is known for its longevity and spreading crown. 

The species name derives from its historical distribution eastward from the Balkans, where it was recognized in ancient Greek history and literature. Following Greek usage it is called Platane or related names in Europe. It was equally as famous to the Iranian-speaking world and from  Turkey to Occupied Kashmir is called Chenar or related names, following the Iranian. 

The native range of the Oriental plane is Eurasia from the Balkans to as far east as at least Iran. Some accounts extend its native range to Iberia in the west, and to the Himalayas in the east. 

The oriental plane is found naturally in riverine settings, together with such trees as alder, willow and poplar. However, it is quite capable of survival and success in dry soils once it is established. In Kashmir it is recognised as the State tree of the region.

References

Trees
Proteales
Plants and animals of Kashmir
Koi

Koi (, Romaji: koi) or more specifically nishikigoi (, literally "brocaded carp"), are ornamental varieties of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) that are kept for decorative purposes in outdoor koi ponds or water gardens.

Koi varieties are distinguished by coloration, patterning, and scalation. Some of the major colors are white, black, red, yellow, blue, and cream.

It is illegal to keep koi in Queensland, Australia because they are an invasive species.

References

Domesticated animals
Ray-finned fish

ja:コイ#観賞魚・錦鯉（ニシキゴイ）
Heathen Chemistry

Heathen Chemistry is the fifth studio album by English rock band Oasis, released in 2002. It was the final album with drummer Alan White who left in 2004. White was replaced with Zak Starkey.

Track listing

Band members

Oasis
Liam Gallagher – lead vocals, tambourine
Noel Gallagher – guitars, vocals
Gem Archer – guitars
Andy Bell – bass
Alan White – drums

Oasis (band) albums
2002 albums
Marc Janko

Marc Janko (born 25 June 1983 in Vienna) is an Austrian football striker. He plays for Twente Enschede in the  Dutch Eredivisie. He is the son of Eva Janko who won a medal in the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Club career
He started in the youth ranks of Admira Wacker Mödling and became a professional player in 2002 for this club. In 2005 he went to F.C. Red Bull Salzburg. For Salzburg he scored 75 goals in 108 matches. The 2007/08 season was bad because he was injured most of the time. His most successful season was 2008/09 when he scored 39 goals in the league (and 9 assists). This was the club record. The old record was Oliver Bierhoff's. Janko reached it after half the season of the season (25 goals). In the match against SC Altachhe he scored all 4 goals in the 4:3 victory, when he came on in the second half. Only Hans Krankl scored more goals in a single season (41). Although many clubs were interested, he signed again with Red Bull Salzburg. 2010 he went to FC Twente in the Dutch Eredivisie where he scored 14 goals in 29 matches in his first year with the club.

International career
He plays for the Austrian national football team. In 20 matches he scored 7 goals. His first match was in 2006 against Croatia.

Honours

Club

Red Bull Salzburg
Austrian Football Bundesliga: 2006-07, 2008-09, 2009-10

FC Twente Runner up Eredivisie: 2011KNVB Cup: 2011
 Johan Cruijff Schaal: 2011

IndividualAustrian Football Bundesliga Topscorer: 2008-09 (39 goals)
 Footballer of the year: 2008
 VdF-Fußballer des Jahres (Bruno):''' 2009

Other websites 

 Official website - Marc Janko
 Player profile - Red Bulls Salzburg
Players profile-FC Twente 

1983 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
Players of the Austrian national football team
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
2010–11 Manchester United F.C. season

The 2010–11 season is Manchester United's 19th season in the Premier League.

In September, Nemanja Vidić named as Manchester United's new captain.

Pre-season 
Manchester United started their season with a tour in North America for the first time since 2004.

Transfers

In

Loan out

New deal

Retired

Community Shield 
Community Shield is match between the champions of Premier League and the champions of the FA Cup.

Premier League

Champions League

Squad

Squad statistics

References 

Football seasons
2011 in association football
2010 in association football
2010 in the United Kingdom
2011 in the United Kingdom
2010s in Manchester
Exergaming

Exergaming or exer-gaming (a portmanteau of "exercise" (moving the body) and  "gaming") is a word used for video games that are also a form of exercise. Exergaming is based upon technology that records body movement. The game type has been credited with promoting an active lifestyle. Exergames are seen as coming from technology changes with the purpose of making videogames more fun.

References 

Video games
Fitness
Standing on the Shoulder of Giants

Standing on the Shoulder of Giants is the fourth studio album by English rock band Oasis, released on 28 February 2000.

Track listing
All songs written by Noel Gallagher, except for "Little James".

Band members

Oasis
Liam Gallagher – vocals
Noel Gallagher – guitars, vocals, bass, keyboards, production
Alan White – drums, percussion
Guest musicians
Paul Stacey – keyboards, additional lead guitar on "Fuckin' in the Bushes", backwards guitar on "Who Feels Love?", bass on "Who Feels Love?", "Gas Panic!", "I Can See A Liar" and "Roll It Over", additional acoustic guitar on "Where Did It All Go Wrong?"
P. P. Arnold – backing vocals on "Fuckin' in the Bushes", "Put Yer Money Where Yer Mouth Is" and "Roll It Over"
Linda Lewis – backing vocals on "Fuckin' in the Bushes", "Put Yer Money Where Yer Mouth Is" and "Roll It Over"
Mark Coyle – electric sitar on "Put Yer Money Where Yer Mouth Is", twelve-string acoustic guitar on "Little James"
Mark Feltham – harmonica on "Gas Panic!"
 Tony Donaldson - Mini Moog & Mellotron on "Gas Panic!"
Charlotte Glasson – flute on "Gas Panic"

Oasis (band) albums
2000 albums
Communications satellite

Communications satellites are satellites stationed in space for the purpose of telecommunications. They relay radio waves between different places. Most are in synchronous orbit. Direct-broadcast satellites transmit many television channels.

Satellite based communication systems can be used for voice and data transmission in remote and underserved locations such as ships at sea. Satellite internet access is internet access provided through satellites. Satellite based systems can be used for providing high quality broadband internet connection to businesses.

Herman Potočnik (writing as 'Herman Noordung') was the first to propose that space stations use radio to communicate with Earth. In October 1945 Arthur C. Clarke published an article titled "Extraterrestrial relays" in the British magazine Wireless World. The article described artificial satellites in geostationary orbits to relay radio signals. So, Clarke is often quoted as being the inventor of the communications satellite.

Primitive communication satellites were tested in the early 1960s. Geosynchronous satellites became inpotant in the 1970s.

Types of Satellite Orbits 
There are 4 main satellite orbits.

 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) - Between 160 km to 2,000 km from Earth surface and completes one orbit in 90 - 120 minutes
 Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) - 36000 km from Earth
 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) - Between LEO and GEO orbits
 Elliptical

Revisit Time 
The time taken by the satellite to visit the same point on earth again is called the revisit time. Revisit time can be reduced by combining data from multiple satellites.

Other uses of Communication Satellites 
In addition to transmitting data, Modern satellites have; 

 Optical sensors to capture photographs
 Radar sensors to accurately measure height
 Atmospheric sensors to detect gas levels in air
 To detect damage from Natural disasters

References

Communication
Satellites
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) is a non-profit organisation that donates money to fight diseases and poverty. It was founded by Bill Gates, the founder and previous CEO of Microsoft and his wife Melinda Gates.

The money comes from the billions of dollars Bill Gates earned from Microsoft.

References

Non-profit organizations of the United States
Bill Gates
Mario Party (video game)

Mario Party is the first video game of the Mario Party series. It was made by Japanese company Nintendo and first party company Hudson. It was released for the Nintendo 64 in 1998. It is a party board game.

References

Mario Party games
Nintendo 64 games
1998 video games
La Paz

Nuestra Señora de La Paz (; ; )  is the capital of Bolivia, and La Paz Department. It is the second largest city (in people) only after Santa Cruz de la Sierra. It is in the western part of the country in the department of the same name. It is at an elevation of  above sea level, making it the world's highest de facto capital city.

References 

Settlements in Bolivia
National capitals in South America
1548 establishments
1540s establishments in South America
Delaware Route 82

Delaware Route 82 (DE 82) is a state highway in the northwest suburbs of Wilmington in New Castle County, Delaware. The route runs  from DE 52 near Greenville to the Pennsylvania border near Yorklyn. There it continues as Pennsylvania Route 82 (PA 82). The route passes through areas of trees and fields in the north part of New Castle County. A lot of the route passes next to the Red Clay Creek. All of the route is a part of the Red Clay Valley Scenic Byway, made in 2005. DE 82 was first given its number by 1952. It was signed onto the same road it is on today. In 2010, DelDOT had planned to remove the route number. But it did not happen because people did not want the route number to be removed.

Route description

DE 82 heads to the west of DE 52 near Greenville as Campbell Road.  The road has two lanes cars can travel on without a median, which is a physical divider between the travel lanes in each direction. East of DE 52, the road continues to DE 100 as Kirk Road. The road passes areas of homes with trees and fields. Then it crosses over the Hoopes Reservoir. Not far after the reservoir, DE 82 makes a left turn onto New London Road to go south. The route passes through large areas of trees, turning to the west as it makes many turns. The road goes near more fields and homes in a rural area before coming to an intersection with Mt. Cuba Road. Here, DE 82 goes northwest on Creek Road and passes next to the Red Clay Creek and the Wilmington and Western Railroad on a road with many trees. It makes more turns and goes over the creek two times before crossing the railroad two times.  In this area, the route passes the Ashland Nature Center. The route comes to the community of Yorklyn, where the route turns southwest for a short time and passes a few buildings in rural areas. After making a turn to the northwest to go on Creek Road, DE 82 heads north next to the Red Clay Creek. The Wilmington and Western Railroad turns to the southwest away from the road. A short distance past Yorklyn, the route comes to the Pennsylvania border, where it becomes PA 82 and goes toward Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. All of DE 82 is a part of the Red Clay Valley Scenic Byway, a scenic byway (road) name given to many roads in the Red Clay Creek valley.

History
When Delaware started giving numbers to state highways in the 1930s, the road that is DE 82 today did not have a number. By 1952, DE 82 was made on the road it follows today to go between PA 82 to DE 52 near Greenville. DE 82 became part of the Red Clay Valley Scenic Byway, the second scenic byway in Delaware, in 2005. In 2010, DelDOT planned to remove the DE 82 signs in order to keep the route as a scenic byway. After a public workshop on the proposed sign removal was held, DelDOT decided in April 2010 to keep the DE 82 signs because 
people in the area did not like the plan to remove the signs.

Major intersections
The entire route is in New Castle County.

References

Other websites

Roads in Delaware
1952 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Delaware
Delaware Route 52

Delaware Route 52 is a state highway in Delaware. It goes from Wilmington north to the Pennsylvania border.

References

Roads in Delaware
Delaware Route 100

Delaware Route 100 is a state highway in Delaware. It goes from Elsmere north to the Pennsylvania border.

References

Roads in Delaware
Greenville, Delaware

Greenville is a place in Delaware in the United States. It is in New Castle County, which is in the north part of the state. It is north of Wilmington.

Census-designated places in Delaware
Yorklyn, Delaware

Yorklyn is a place in Delaware in the United States. It is in New Castle County, which is in the north part of the state. It is north of Wilmington.

Cities in Delaware
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania

Kennett Square is a borough in Pennsylvania in the United States. It is in Chester County, which is in the southeast part of the state.

Cities in Pennsylvania
Red Clay Creek

The Red Clay Creek is a creek in Delaware and Pennsylvania in the United States. It goes into the White Clay Creek near Wilmington, Delaware.

Rivers of Delaware
Rivers of Pennsylvania
Wilmington and Western Railroad

The Wilmington and Western Railroad is a tourist railroad near Wilmington, Delaware in the United States.

Rail transport in the United States
John Stossel

John F. Stossel is an American libertarian author, columnist, investigative reporter, and television host. He works for Fox News Channel and Fox Business Network. He used to report for 20/20 on ABC.

Other websites

 "John Stossel's Take ", John Stossel's blog at Fox Business
 
 Harper Collins (Publisher)  – Biography at Publisher's website
 
 ABC News Biography
 Johnson, Peter. "Stossel's evolution from activist to contrarian angers some of his fans", USA Today, April 30, 2006
 "John Stossel: Myth-Buster" , FrontPageMag.com
 Sigall, Ed. "John Stossel: Not Afraid to Tell the Truth", NewsMax.com, June 3, 2006
 "John Stossel – Libertarian" , TheAdvocates.org
 Sullum, Jacob. "Risky Journalism: ABC's John Stossel bucks a fearful establishment"  Reason, April 1997.

1947 births
Living people
American journalists
American television presenters
Writers from Illinois
List of numbered routes in Delaware

The following is a List of numbered routes in Delaware, made up of Interstate highways, U.S. routes, and state routes. The Delaware Department of Transportation is responsible for taking care of the numbered roads in Delaware. State routes in Delaware use a highway sign that has the numbers in a white circle on a black square. Delaware's numbering system is like that of the U.S. Highways in that odd numbered highways (1, 3, 5, 7, or 9) travel north-south and even numbered routes (2, 4, 6, 8, or 0) go east-west. The numbers get bigger as one goes south and west respectively. There are some numbers that do not follow this, however, mostly with routes from other states keeping their number as they enter Delaware.


History
The first numbered routes in Delaware came in 1925 with the creation of the U.S. Highway System, in which US 13, US 40, and US 113 were made by law to run through the state. In 1930 and again in 1932, the Delaware State Highway Department suggested giving numbers to state roads to go along with the existing U.S. Highway System. By 1936, Delaware began giving numbers to state routes. In 1956, the Interstate Highway System was made, with under 40 miles of Interstate highway made by law in New Castle County.

State routes

U.S. routes in Delaware

Interstate highways in Delaware

References

Other websites
 AARoads Delaware Highways Page

Roads in Delaware
Delaware-related lists
Lists of roads
Delaware Department of Transportation

The Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) is in charge of transportation in Delaware, United States. It owns many roads and runs DART First State, which does public transportation in the state.
 

Roads in Delaware
State departments of transportation in the United States
Nasi kucing

Nasi kucing (also called sego kucing), meaning cat rice or cat's rice, is an Indonesian rice dish. It comes from Yogyakarta, Semarang, and Surakarta. It can now be found in many places. It is a small serving of rice with different toppings. Often the toppings include chili sauce, dried fish, and tempeh. It is wrapped in banana leaves.

Name origin
The name nasi kucing, which means "cat rice" or "cat's rice", comes from the size of the rice served. There is very little rice, almost like what a Javanese person would give to a cat.

Origin
Nasi kucing was first served in Yogyakarta, Semarang, and Surakarta. Now it can be found in many places. It can be found in Jakarta and even Mecca; in Mecca it is sold by Indonesian workers during the hajj.

Serving
The rice part of nasi kucing is small, about as big as a fist. It is served with different toppings. The toppings often include sambal (chili sauce), dried fish, and tempeh. Sometimes the toppings can be egg, chicken, and cucumber. It is able to be eaten immediately after it is bought. It is served wrapped in a banana leaf and paper. 

Another version of nasi kucing, called sego macan (meaning "tiger's rice") is three times the size of a regular portion of nasi kucing. Sego macan is served with roasted rice, dried fish, and vegetables. Like nasi kucing, sego macan is served wrapped in a banana leaf and paper.

Sales

Nasi kucing is often sold at a low price. Sometimes nasi kucing can be as cheap as Rp 1000 (US$ 0.12). Sego macan can be about Rp 4000 (US$ 0.48). It is often sold at small food stalls called angkringan, which are located at the side of many roads. The customers are often poorer people, including pedicab and taxi drivers, students, and street musicians. This has led to angkringan being called the "lowest class of eatery".

The owners of the angkringan often come from poorer families, may have few skills that can be used to find a job, or come from far-away villages. To open their stalls, they borrow money from a patron, called a juragan. They may borrow up to Rp 900,000.00 (US$ 105.00). The seller must repay the patron from the net profits of Rp 15,000.00 – Rp 20,000.00 (US$ 1.75 – 2.35) a day.

References

Bibliography

Rice dishes
Indonesian culture
Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia (British English: hyponatraemia) is when a human body does not have enough salt (sodium) in its blood. It is mostly caused by the presence of too much water.

Hyponatremia is most often a complication of other medical illnesses in which excess water collects in the body faster than can be excreted (for example in congestive heart failure, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), or polydipsia). Some runners who drink a lot of water before running a marathon also suffer this illness. Drinking too much water  can impair the ability of marathon runners.

References 

Blood
Health problems
Mission: Impossible (movie)

Mission Impossible is a 1996 American spy/action adventure thriller movie starring Tom Cruise and directed by Brian De Palma. It is set in London, Prague and Virginia. It was followed by Mission: Impossible II, Mission: Impossible III, Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol, Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation and Mission: Impossible – Fallout.

Other websites 

 Mission: Impossible at The Numbers

1996 action movies
1996 thriller movies
1990s action thriller movies
1990s adventure movies
1990s spy movies
Mission: Impossible movies
American adventure movies
Paramount Pictures movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Brian De Palma
Movies set in London
Movies set in Virginia
Prague
Marlin

Marlins, family Istiophoridae, are fish with an elongated body, a spear-like snout or bill, and a long rigid dorsal fin, which extends forward to form a crest. Its common name is thought to derive from its resemblance to a sailor's marlinspike. Even more so than their close relatives the scombrids, marlin are incredibly fast swimmers, marlins are fast swimmers, reaching speeds of about .

Marlin are rarely table fare, appearing mostly in fine restaurants. Most modern sport fishermen release marlin after unhooking.

References 

Teleosts
Pufferfish

The pufferfish is a family of fish, with about 100 species. They are also known as the blowfish, fugu, swellfish, and globefish. They are called the pufferfish because when they are threatened, they puff up to about twice their normal size by gulping water. In this enlarged state, the pufferfish can swim at only about half their normal speed. Pufferfish are generally believed to be the second-most poisonous vertebrates in the world, after the golden poison frog. They use tetrodotoxin, a powerful neurotoxin.

Most pufferfish are found in sub-tropical and tropical marine waters (including coral reefs) in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Some puffers live in brackish and fresh water. 

The scientific name refers to the four large teeth, fused into an upper and lower plate, which are used for crushing the shells of crustaceans and mollusks, their natural prey.

Even though pufferfish are poisonous, the meat of some species is eaten in Japan (as 河豚, pronounced 'fugu'), Korea (as 복 bok or 복어 bogeo ), and China (as 河豚 hétún). It is prepared by specially trained chefs who know which parts, and how much of them, are safe to eat.

Some people also keep pufferfish as pets.

Genera
Pufferfish have 28 genera:

 Amblyrhynchotes
 Arothron
 Auriglobus
 Canthigaster
 Carinotetraodon
 Chelonodon
 Chonerhinos
 Colomesus
 Contusus
 Dichotomyctere
 Ephippion
 Feroxodon
 Guentheridia
 Javichthys
 Leiodon
 Lagocephalus
 Marilyna
 Omegophora
 Pelagocephalus
 Polyspina
 Pao
 Reicheltia
 Sphoeroides
 Takifugu
 Tetractenos
 Tetraodon 
 Torquigener
 Tylerius

References 

Teleosts
Fort Kent, Maine

Ft. Kent is a town in northern Maine. It touches the Canadian border.

Towns in Maine
Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a hormone found in mammals. It is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide. It acts on the brain. In humans it is released during female reproduction, especially during and after childbirth. 

It has other effects. It encourages pair bonding, and parental behaviour. It is released during intimate moments during orgasms and even hugs. For this reason it is often called the 'love hormone'.

Strange to say, the oxytocin released by the pituitary gland cannot reach the brain: it does have effects on the rest of the body. The reason is that there is a blood–brain barrier which prevents large molecules from getting into the brain. Instead, the hormone is produced by special nerve cells inside the brain. 

Oxytocin is also released through the use of recreational drugs like MDMA and some prescription anti-depressants.

Oxytocin was the first polypeptide hormone to be sequenced and synthesized, by Vincent du Vigneaud and colleagues in 1953.

References 

Hormones
Bob Burnquist

Bob Burnquist is a professional skateboarder from Sao Paulo, Brazil. He is in Tony Hawks Pro Skater video games.

1976 births
Living people
Brazilian sportspeople
Skateboarders
Aermacchi M.B.339

Aermacchi M.B.339 was built by Alenia Aermacchi. The creation of this type was requested by the Aernautica Militaire. They wanted to use it as new trainer.

Development
Based on Aermacchi M.B. 326,  M.B. 339 is a direct successor of this type. The changes made on the cockpit, front parts and tail-end result in new product. The delivery has started in 1978. From 1982, those planes became the main plane of the Italian flight group Frecce Tricolori. This plane has been exported in 8 countries. The later types like M.B. 339 CD/FD have been produced only for Frecce Tricolori and can be seen as 4th generation fighters.

Technical data (M.B.339A)

References

Military aircraft
Italian military aircraft
Ocean sunfish

The ocean sunfish (Mola mola, also called the mola or sun fish) is a large ocean fish found in warm and temperate oceans. It is the heaviest known bony fish in the world. It has an almost circular, flattened body. This unusual fish swims by flapping its long pectoral and dorsal fins; the caudal fin is used as a rudder (for steering). Some sunfish have been seen floating on their sides at the top of the sea; they may be using the sun to heat themselves up. They eat crustaceans, starfish, jellyfish, sponges, mollusks, algae, plankton, squid, and small fish.
The species is native to tropical and temperate waters around the globe. It resembles a fish head with a tail, and its main body is flattened laterally.

Ray-finned fish
Remora

Remora sometimes called a suckerfish or sharksucker, is an elongated, brown fish in the order Perciformes and family Echeneidae. They are small fish that live on and around sharks. They eat stray bits of food left by the shark and tiny shrimp-like parasites that live on the shark's skin. They have sucker-like disks on their heads with which they attach to the shark. 
Both the shark and the remora benefit from the pairing, but the remore benefits much more; this is commensalism. Remora are also known as sucker fish or shark sucker.

Perciformes

ja:コバンザメ