cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Burning of Parliament

The Burning of Parliament was a great fire in London on 16 October 1834. The Palace of Westminster, the medieval royal palace used as the home of the British parliament, was largely destroyed. The blaze was caused by the burning of small wooden tally sticks. They had been used as part of the accounting procedures of the Exchequer until 1826. The sticks were disposed of in a careless manner. They were thrown in the two furnaces under the House of Lords, which caused a chimney fire in the two flues that ran under the floor of the Lords' chamber. The fire smoldered under the floor for most of the day. The senile housekeeper and a careless Clerk of Works ignored all the warning signs of the pending disaster. This led the Prime Minister to call it "one of the greatest instances of stupidity upon record". 

The fire spread rapidly throughout the buildings. It became the worst fire to occur in London between the Great Fire of 1666 and the Blitz of the Second World War. the event attracted large crowds which included several artists who provided pictorial records of the event. The fire lasted for most of the night. The House of Lords and the House of Commons were destroyed along with most of their libraries, art collections and records.

References 

1834
1830s in the United Kingdom
19th century in London
Fires in the United Kingdom
October events
John Soane

Sir John Soane (10 September 1753 – 20 January 1837) was an English architect. He was knighted in 1831. He was the greatest architect of his day. His house in Lincoln's Inn Fields is now Sir John Soane's Museum and is open to the public. On 15 November 1821 Soane was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

References 

English architects
1753 births
1837 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Society
Knights Bachelor
People from Reading, Berkshire
Goring-on-Thames

Goring-on-Thames is a village in South Oxfordshire.

Oxfordshire
Villages in England
William Whitelaw (Perth MP)

William Whitelaw (Perth MP) (28th June 1918 - 1 July 1999) was a Conservative politician from Scotland. He served some Cabinet positions such as Home Secretary and deputy leader of the British Conservative Party during Margaret Thatcher's time as PM. 

Scottish politicians
1868 births
1946 deaths

Whitelaw was likely appointed by Thatcher in some positions to get the Scottish to vote for her as he was Scottish and Thatcher was very unpopular in the area.
William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw

William Stephen Ian Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw KT CH PC was a politician and a deputy prime minister from England, sometimes known as Willie Whitelaw. He held a number of roles in the cabinet of Margaret Thatcher during her time as Prime Minister.

English politicians
1918 births
1999 deaths
Secretaries of State for the Home Department
Angus Deaton

Angus Deaton (born 19 October 1945) is a Scottish economist. He is from Edinburgh. He won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He attended Fettes College. He has two children. He also went to Princeton University and the University of Bristol.

References

Other websites
 Angus Deaton's website home page

Economists
People from Edinburgh
1945 births
Living people
Nobel Prize in Economics winners
Elizabeth Ramsey

Elizabeth Ramsey (December 3, 1931 – October 8, 2015) was a Filipina comedian, actress and singer. She was known for her trademark Visayan-accented dialogues. She performed them in English and Tagalog. She was regarded as the Philippines' Queen of Rock and Roll. She became famous in 1958 after winning a singing contest in Student Canteen.

Ramsey was born in San Carlos City, Negros Occidental. She died from a sudden hyperglycemic attack at age 83.

References

Filipino singers
Comedians
Filipino television actors
1931 births
2015 deaths
Skhid

“Skhid” - journal of analysis and new ideas (). From 1995 to 2014 the Journal was published in Donetsk (Ukraine). From the late 2014 to date it has been published in Mariupol of Donetsk Region (Ukraine). Profile: “Skhid” highlights the results of research in economics, history and philosophy. Languages of the publication: Ukrainian, Russian and English. Periodicity: 6 issues a year.

Scientometrics: INDEX COPERNICUS VALUE (ICV)  2015  - 64,77  2014  - 64.29

Other websites
 Official website journal SKHID
  Wołodymyr Biłećkyj. Czasopismo “Wschód” w przestrzeni informacyjnej Ukrainy // Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Nowa Ukraina. 1-2 (7-8) 2009. S.149-151. 
 Бібліографія журналу "Схід" (1995-2006 рр.)/В.С.Білецький, Г.В.Сімченко, А.О.Лисенко. - Донецьк: Східний видавничий дім, Український культурологічний центр, Донецьке відділення НТШ, 2007. - 256 с. http://www.experts.in.ua/baza/doc/detail.php?ID=20885

References

Journals
1995 establishments
Ukraine
Island Life (Grace Jones album)

Island Life is the first greatest hits album by Jamaican singer Grace Jones, it released in December 1985. It includes songs from her first seven albums. The albums' artwork is Jones' is her most iconic artwork. The album was later re-released in 1996 under the name of Island Life 2 and included two remixes of a new song called "Sex Drive" which was originally going to appear on a album called "Black Marilyn" which was due out in the 1990s but never got released.

Track listing

Standard release
Side A

Side B

Notes: 7" edits of "Do or Die", "Pull Up to the Bumper" and "Slave to the Rhythm" are included. "Love Is the Drug" appears in Eric "E.T." Thorngren's remix.

UK cassette release
Side A

Side B

Island Life 2

Commercial reception

Chart performance

Certifications and sales

References

1985 albums
Greatest hits albums
Grace Jones albums
Disco albums
Reggae albums
R&B albums
Inside Story (Grace Jones album)

Inside Story is the eighth studio album by Jamaican singer Grace Jones, released on November 14, 1986 by Manhattan Records, it was her only album to be released on that label.

Background
Released under new contract with Manhattan Records, for Inside Story Jones worked with the music producer Nile Rodgers of Chic (Jones had previously tried to work with the band during her disco era.) The release of Inside Story was  Manhattan Records' "most extensive marketing and merchandising campaign ever".

Track listing 
All songs were written by Grace Jones and Bruce Woolley.

Side A
 "I'm Not Perfect (But I'm Perfect for You)" – 3:57
 "Hollywood Liar" – 3:50
 "Chan Hitchhikes to Shanghai" – 4:33
 "Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician" – 4:42
 "Party Girl" – 3:44

Side B
 "Crush" – 3:27
 "Barefoot in Beverly Hills" – 4:07
 "Scary but Fun" – 3:55
 "White Collar Crime" – 4:59
 "Inside Story" – 4:31

Personnel 
 Scott Ansell – sound engineering
 Richard Bernstein – computer image
 Knut Bohn – engineering
 Greg Calbi – mastering
 Barry Diament – digital editing
 Steve Elson – bariton sax, flute
 James Farber – recording, mixing
 Mac Gollehon – trumpet
 Stan Harrison – alto sax
 Grace Jones – vocals, production
 Kevin Jones – digital interfacing, sequencing, drum programming
 Lenny Pickett – tenor sax
 Nile Rodgers – production, arrangements
 Budd Tunick – production managing
 Bruce Woolley – arrangements

Commercial reception

Chart performance

Certifications and sales

Release history

References

Other websites
 Inside Story on Allmusic
 Inside Story on Discogs
 Inside Story on Rate Your Music

1986 albums
Grace Jones albums
Funk albums
R&B albums
The Ultimate (Grace Jones album)

The Ultimate is a second greatest hits album by Jamaican singer Grace Jones released in 1993. The album would have the same songs as her 1985 Island Life greatest hits album, as well as four other songs. The Ultimate was released only in the Netherlands, where it enjoyed success.

Track listing
 "Slave to the Rhythm" – 4:27
 "Nipple to the Bottle" – 5:58
 "My Jamaican Guy" – 6:00
 "Walking in the Rain" – 4:18
 "La Vie en rose" – 7:26
 "The Fashion Show" – 4:05
 "I've Seen That Face Before (Libertango)" – 4:29
 "Do or Die" – 3:23
 "I Need a Man" – 3:23
 "Private Life" – 6:20
 "Love Is the Drug" – 8:42
 "Pull Up to the Bumper" – 4:42
 "Use Me" – 5:05
 "Warm Leatherette" – 5:38

Note: Edits of "Slave to the Rhythm", "Do or Die" and "The Fashion Show" are included.

Chart performance

References

Other websites
 The Ultimate on Discogs
 The Ultimate on Rate Your Music

1993 albums
Greatest hits albums
Grace Jones albums
Disco albums
Reggae albums
R&B albums
Edward the Exile

Edward the Exile (1016 – late August 1057), also called Edward Ætheling, was the son of King Edmund Ironside and of Ealdgyth. He spent most of his life in exile following the defeat and death of his father by Canute.

Life in exile
After the Danish conquest of England in 1016, Canute had Edward and his brother, Edmund, sent to the Swedish court of Olof Skötkonung. Edward was a baby at the time. Canute's agents apparently had orders to have the children murdered. But they were quickly taken to Hungary where neither Canut or his agents could reach them. He was brought up at the Hungarian court. Edward married Agatha, a relative of Emperor Henry II. 

Edward the Confessor, King of England, had no children. Edward, his nephew, was his nearest living relative. The King wanted to make Edward his heir. In 1057, the king's messengers reached Edward living in Hungary. Edward agreed to return to England and in 1057 arrived in London with his family. But a few days after their arrival Edward was killed.

Family 
He and Agatha had three children, Edgar the Atheling, Margaret of Scotland and Cristina, Abbess of Romsey Abbey. In the summer of 1068 his son Edgar took his mother and sisters and escaped to Scotland.

Notes

References 

1016 births
1050s deaths
Kings and Queens of England
Arabian tribes

The following is a list of tribes of Arab people from the geo-cultural region of Arabia.

Northern Arabia 
 Ghassan
 Anizzah
 Lakhm
 Taghlib
 Salih
 Kalb
 Bahraa
 Judham
 Tayy
 Bakr ibn Wa'il
 Udhrah
 Abs
 Tamim
 Bali

Central and southern Arabia 
 Juhaynah
 Ghatafan
 Asad
 Numayr
 Abd ul Qays
 Sulaym
 Hanifa
 Hizzan
 Khuzaah
 Kilab
 Bahila
 Dhabbah
 Hadhayl
 Quraysh
 Hawazan
 Kaab
 Thaqif
 Hilal
 Uqayl
 Kinanah
 Daws
 Azd
 Mudhal
 Khatham
 Harith
 Hamadan
 Murad
 Maafir
 Yafi
 Ans
 Kindah
 Mahrah
 Azd Uman

Other websites 
 A is for Arabs: What the world owes Arabs and Muslims 
 Maps of the Arab World 
 News from Arabic countries
 Business news from Arab countries
 Arabia in ancient history - with a discussion of the ancient usage of the word Arab
 Araboo.com - Arab Guide
 Arabic Search  - Arabic ThroughSearch

References

Ancient history
Arabia
I'll Remember

"I'll Remember" is a song by American singer Madonna, it was released on March 8, 1994 by Warner Bros Records. It went to number one in Canada and Italy and number two in the United States. It was from the 1994 movie With Honors.

1994 songs
Pop songs
Madonna songs
1990s ballads
Pop ballads
2014-15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball

The 2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented the  University of Kentucky in their 39th season. They played their home games at the Rupp Arena. The team was led by John Calipari for 6 seasons in a row.

The 2014-2015 team won all 31 games in the regular season, similar to what the Witchita State team did the year before. They were the first team in NCAA basketball to begin a season with a record of 38-0 (38 wins and no losses). After the regular season, the 2014-2015 team made it to the Final Four, playing against the Wisconsin Badgers for the second year in a row. The Final Four tournament was held in Indianapolis. 

The 2014-2015 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team lost to Wisconsin in the Final Four, finishing their season 38-1, so they did not have a perfect record and were not the champions that year.

References 

2014 in sports
2015 in sports
Southeastern Conference
Lexington, Kentucky
2010s in Kentucky
2014 in the United States
2015 in the United States
Max Domi

Maxwell Johannes Domi (born March 2, 1995) is a Canadian ice hockey centre. He currently plays for the Columbus Blue Jackets. He also played for the Arizona Coyotes and Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba and grew up in Toronto, Ontario. His father Tie Domi also played in the NHL for 16 years.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Domi played 1 season with the St. Michael's Buzzers of the Ontario Junior Hockey League (OJHL) and 4 seasons with the London Knights of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). On September 23, 2011, Domi made his OHL debut. He scored a hat-trick and an assist in a 8–0 win over the Saginaw Spirit. He helped the Knights win the OHL Championship in 2012 and also won a bronze medal with Team Ontario at the 2012 World U-17 Hockey Challenge.

Domi won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2012 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament. He helped the Knights win their second OHL Championship in a row and won gold with Team Canada at the 2015 World Junior Ice Hockey Championship. He was named Best Forward of thew tournament.

He was drafted 12th overall by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 2013 NHL Entry Draft. He signed a three-year entry level contract with the Coyotes on July 14, 2013. On October 10, 2015, Domi made his NHL debut with the Arizona Coyotes and scored his first NHL goal in a 4–1 win over the Los Angeles Kings.

Personal life
Domi was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. He wears the jersey number 16 in homage to Bobby Clarke, a hockey player who also had the disease.

References

Other websites 

1995 births
Arizona Coyotes players
Columbus Blue Jackets players
Montreal Canadiens players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
New York Rangers players
Living people
Sportspeople from Toronto
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
Ontario Hockey League players
Presumption of innocence

The presumption of innocence, is sometimes referred to by the Latin expression Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat (the burden of proof is on the one who declares, not on one who denies). It is the principle that one is considered innocent unless proven guilty. In many nations, presumption of innocence is a legal right of the accused in a criminal trial. It is also regarded as an international human right under the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 11. and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, article 14. This places the burden of proof on the prosecution. They have to collect and present enough compelling evidence to convince the trier of fact (a jury or judge) that the accused is guilty beyond reasonable doubt. If reasonable doubt remains, the accused is to be acquitted. Under Justinian Codes and English Common law, the accused is presumed innocent in criminal proceedings. In civil proceedings (like breach of contract) both sides must issue proof. Under Anglo-American Common Law, the accused is always presumed innocent in all types of proceedings. Proof is always the burden of the accuser. Sharia law, also called Islamic Law, is the third least common type of law in the world. It also has a presumption of innocence.

Reference

Other page 
Right to a fair trial

Law
Legal terms
Grey-crested finch

The grey-crested finch (Lophospingus griseocristatus) is a bird that can be found in Argentina and Bolivia.

Passeri
Hold Me (Teddy Pendergrass & Whitney Houston song)

"Hold Me" is a 1984 recording of a song performed as a duet by Teddy Pendergrass and Whitney Houston. The ballad features on both Teddy Pendergrass' 1984 album Love Language, from which it was released as a single, and Whitney Houston's 1985 self-titled debut album.

The original arrangement of the song, titled as "In Your Arms", written by Linda Creed & Michael Masser, features on the Diana Ross 1982 album Silk Electric'', under the name "In Your Arms".

References
Saving All My Love for You

"Saving All My Love for You" is a 1985 song written by Michael Masser and Gerry Goffin with arrangement by Gene Page. It was originally a minor hit for Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis Jr. in 1978 on their album Marilyn & Billy. A cover of the song was done by American recording artist Whitney Houston, for her debut, self-titled album, which was released on February 14, 1985, by Arista Records. The song was the second single from the album in the United States and third worldwide.

1985 songs
All at Once (Whitney Houston song)

"All at Once" is a song written by Michael Masser and Jeffrey Osborne and recorded by Whitney Houston. It was released as a single in Japan and several European countries in 1985–1986.  While it did not receive an official single release in the United States, the song did receive significant radio airplay there.

It became the first hit for Whitney Houston in the Netherlands in April 1985.

The song is a heartbreak ballad about a lover who leaves without warning and the damage it does. Houston performed the song at the 1987 American Music Awards.

1980s ballads
1985 songs
Pop ballads
Rhythm and blues ballads
Whitney Houston songs
Legal burden of proof

The burden of proof () is a level of proof that a party seeking to prove a fact must reach before it is accepted in a court of law. 

In a criminal case the burden of proof is on the prosecution. A defendant is not required to prove his or her innocence. The standard the prosecution must reach is proof of their version of the facts beyond a reasonable doubt. In a civil trial the burden of proof is on the one bringing the case to court, called the plaintiff. In a civil trial the burden of proof is on the plaintiff. The standard that must be met is that the "preponderance of the evidence" (weight of the evidence) is enough to prove their case.

Affirmative defense 
If a defendant in a civil or criminal case wants to provide an alternative set of facts to those provided by the prosecution or the plaintiff, this is called an "affirmative defense". This shifts the burden of proof to the defendant to prove his or her version of the facts. The defendant would seek to excuse or justify his or her actions that brought the lawsuit. Common affirmative defenses include entrapment, Self-defense, unclean hands, insanity, and the statute of limitations.

Preponderance of the evidence
Preponderance of the evidence, also known as  the "balance of probabilities" is the standard required in most civil cases. It is also used in family court for determinations solely involving money, such as child support under the Child Support Standards Act.

The standard is met if the proposition is more likely to be true than not true. The standard is satisfied if there is greater than fifty percent chance that the proposition is true. Lord Denning, in Miller v. Minister of Pensions, described it simply as "more probable than not." Until 1970, this was also the standard used in juvenile court in the United States. This is a far lower burden than "beyond a reasonable doubt," the threshold a prosecutor must meet in criminal trials.

Beyond a reasonable doubt

This is the highest standard used as the burden of proof in common law countries. It usually only applies in criminal proceedings. If there is a real doubt, based upon reason and common sense after careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence (or lack of evidence) in a case, then the level of proof has not been met. If the jury, or judge in a bench trial, has no doubt as to the defendant's guilt, or if their only doubts are unreasonable doubts, then the prosecutor has proved the defendant is guilty.

References 

United States law
Law
Legal terms
Clinton, Louisiana

Clinton is the parish seat of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States.

Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in Louisiana
Rebecca Shelley

Rebecca Shelley (January 20, 1887 - January 21, 1984) was a pacifist who lost her American citizenship when she married a German national. She was the publisher of Modern Poultry Breeder.

Biography
She was born in Sugar Valley, Pennsylvania on January 20, 1887 to William Alfred Shelly. In 1904 her family moved to Michigan. In 1907 she attended University of Michigan and majored in the German. She graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1910.

In 1922 she married Felix Martin Rathmer, a German born electrical engineer and she lost her American citizenship. She refused to take the naturalization oath because it contained the phrase "bear arms in defense of the country". She did not regain her citizenship until 1944. She became a widow in 1959. 

She died on January 21, 1984, the day after her birthday, at the Leila Y. Post Montgomery Hospital in Battle Creek, Michigan.

References

Other websites
Rebecca Shelley papers at the University of Michigan

1887 births
1984 deaths
Nonviolence advocates
Doctor of Letters

Doctor of Letters (; D.Litt.; Litt.D.; D. Lit.; or Lit. D.) is an academic degree. It is a higher doctorate which, in some countries, may be considered to be beyond the Ph.D. and equal to the Doctor of Science (Sc.D. or D.Sc.). It is awarded in many countries by universities and learned bodies. It is given in recognition of achievement in the humanities, original contribution to the creative arts or scholarship and other merits. Cambridge University requires a candidate to "give proof of distinction by some original contribution to the advancement of science or of learning." When awarded without an application by the conferee, it is awarded as an honorary degree. A Doctor of Letters is a commonly awarded honorary degree.

References 

Education
Academia
Dodge Caliber

The Dodge Caliber was a compact hatchback sold from 2006-2012 by Chrysler. It was often categorized as a station wagon or a crossover (due to its limited AWD). The Caliber replaced the Neon. It was built on the Chrysler PM/MK platform which was also used on the Compass, Patriot, and Mitsubishi models as well. It was later replaced by the Dart (a badge engineered Alfa Romeo model). The Caliber was replaced by the Dodge Dart in 2012.

Dodge automobiles
Anne-Marie Lizin

Anne-Marie Lizin (5 January 1949 – 17 October 2015) was a Belgian politician. He served as the President of the Senate of Belgium from 2004 to 2007.

Career
From 1970 to 1976 she was an alderman of Ben-Ahin, and from 1980 to 1982 from Huy. From 1983 to 2009 she was mayor of Huy.

In 1979, Lizin was elected as an elected Member of the European Parliament. In 1988, she was elected into the Belgian government, and served in office for eight years. In 2003, she became President of the Commission for External Relations and Defence of the Belgian Senate.

In 2004, she was appointed President of the Senate of Belgium, before finally becoming Senator in July 2007. She was the first female President of the Belgian Senate (2004–2007).

On 27 January 2009 she was banned from the Socialist Party after a corruption case.

Death
Lizin was hospitalized in Paris on 7 October 2015. She later died in Huy, on 17 October 2015 at the age of 66.

References

Other websites
Anne-Marie Lizin (Senate)

1949 births
2015 deaths
Alderman of Belgium
Belgian mayors
Former MEPs
MEPs for Belgium
Parti socialiste (Belgium) politicians
People from Huy
Walloon politicians
Women politicians
Ralph Andrews

Ralph Herrick Andrews (December 17, 1927 – October 16, 2015) was an American television producer. He was best known for producing the hit 1960s game show You Don't Say!, the 1970s game show Celebrity Sweepstakes, and the original 1987 version of Lingo.

On October 16, 2015, Andrews died of Alzheimer's disease in Ventura, California at the age of 87.

References

1927 births
2015 deaths
American television producers
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in California
Neill Sheridan

Neill Rawlins Sheridan (November 20, 1921 – October 15, 2015), nicknamed "Wild Horse," was an American professional baseball player. He only played in the minor leagues for 12 years (1943-1954). Sheridan played for the Boston Red Sox in 1948. He was born in Sacramento, California.

Sheridan died of pneumonia in Antioch, California, aged 93.

References

Other websites

Nowlin, Bill, Neill Sheridan. SABR Biography Project 

1921 births
2015 deaths
Boston Red Sox players
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in California
Sportspeople from Sacramento, California
Luciano García Alén

Luciano García Alén (1928 – 16 October 2015) was a Spanish physician, researcher and ethnographer. He was known for studying the Galician culture. He was born in Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain.

Alén died in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain from pneumonia, aged 87.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Spain
People from Pontevedra
Spanish physicians
Spanish scientists
Sergei Filippenkov

Sergei Aleksandrovich Filippenkov (; 2 August 1971 – 15 October 2015) was a Russian football manager and player.

Filippenkov died of a heart attack during a friendly match between former players on 15 October 2015.

References

1971 births
2015 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Russia
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Russian footballers
Russian football managers
Francesc de Paula Burguera

Francesc de Paula Burguera i Escrivà (13 July 1928 – 16 October 2015) was a Spanish journalist and politician. He was born in Sueca, Valencia. Burguera served in the Congress of Deputies from 1977 to 1979, representing his hometown district. He was awarded the Creu de Sant Jordi in 1999.

Burguera died of heart failure in Valencia, Spain, aged 87.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Spanish journalists
Spanish writers
Spanish politicians
People from Valencia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Spain
Pontevedra

Pontevedra () is a Spanish city in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula. It is the capital of both the Comarca (County) and Province of Pontevedra, and of the Rias Baixas in Galicia. As of 2014, the population was 82,946.

References

Other websites

 Concello de Pontevedra - Official site of the local government (in Galician and Spanish, with summarised versions in English and French)
 Turismo en Pontevedra  - Official site of the Pontevedra tourist board, maintained by the local government (in Galician, English, Spanish and French)
 Galicia: cities to live, cities to enjoy (PDF; 13,7 MB)
 Rias Baixas

Capital cities in Spain
Cities in Galicia
Municipalities in Galicia
Larry N. Vanderhoef

Larry Neil Vanderhoef (March 20, 1941 – October 15, 2015) was an American biochemist and academic. He was the 5th chancellor of University of California, Davis serving from 1994 through 2009. He was born in Perham, Minnesota.

Vanderhoef died on October 15, 2015 from complications of a stroke in Davis, California, aged 74.

References

1941 births
2015 deaths
American biochemists
Educators from Minnesota
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Deaths from stroke
Scientists from Minnesota
MV Derbyshire

The MV Derbyshire was an ore-bulk-oil combination carrier. It was built in 1976. It was the last in the series of the Bridge-class ships. It was registered at Liverpool. It was owned by Bibby Line.

The ship was lost on 9 September 1980 during Typhoon Orchid. All 42 crew members and two of their wives were killed during the sinking. 

Derbyshire was launched in 1975. It went into service the following year.

References

Ships
Jordi Miralles

Jordi Miralles i Conte (27 April 1962 – 14 October  2015) was a Spanish politician. He was born in Barcelona. He represented the district in the Parliament of Catalonia from 2003 to 2012. He was a member of the United and Alternative Left.

Miralles died in Bellvitge, Spain of meningitis, aged 53.

References

1962 births
2015 deaths
Civil servants
Deaths from meningitis
Infectious disease deaths in Spain
Politicians from Barcelona
Phil Lesh

Phillip Chapman Lesh (born March 15, 1940) is an American musician. He was one of the founding members of the Grateful Dead, with whom he played bass guitar throughout their 30-year career. After the band's disbanding in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with side project Phil Lesh and Friends.

In October 2015, Lesh revealed that he had undergone surgery as treatment for bladder cancer.  He stated that his prognosis was good and that he expected to make a full recovery.

References

Other websites
 Philzone.com—Phil Lesh and Friends fan site
 Parker, T. Virgil. "Phil Lesh: All in the Music", College Crier 
  free download of Phil Lesh and Friends audio

1940 births
Living people
American bass guitarists
American rock guitarists
Musicians from Berkeley, California
Writers from Berkeley, California
People with cancer
Non-denominational Muslim

Non-denominational Muslims or Just Muslims are a group of Muslims who don't follow any particular sect. The country with the highest proportion of such Muslims is Kazakhstan at 74%. Other countries where they are a majority includes Albania (65%), Kyrgyzstan (64%), Kosovo (58%), Indonesia (56%), Mali (55%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (54%), Uzbekistan (54%).

References

Islamic denominations
Public good

In Economics, a public good is a kind of common good. Public goods have two main properties:
It is not possible to prevent someone from consuming the good. 
If a person consumes the good, this does not reduce the availabililty of the good to others.
Examples for public goods are fresh air, knowledge, street lighting, or a fireworks display.

Public goods are an example of market failure: If all actors maximize their gain, this does not produce an efficient solution. 

It is obvious that because the goods are non-excludable, it means that a producer sees no benefit in producing or providing the good on the market, this is because it is impossible to make a profit from it as people who have not paid for the good. For this reason, the government may intervene to provide it. There are relatively few examples of purely public goods, however some examples are:
Flood Control
Public water supplies
Street lighting
Lighthouse protection
National Defence Services
Parks and other public recreational areas

The reason that the government feels the need to provide these goods is because the Marginal Social Benefit is greater than the Marginal Private Benefit, and so because there are positive externalities in consumption, it will always be under consumed in the market mechanism,

References

Economics
Common good (economics)

In Economics common goods are a kind of good. Common goods have two properties:
It is not possible to prevent people from using them (called excludability)
A person making use of the good will reduce its amount.
An example for a common good is wild fish.

Other page
Public good

Economics
Corona

A corona is an aura of plasma which surrounds the sun and other stars. The Sun's corona extends millions of kilometres into space and is most easily seen during a total solar eclipse. It is also observable with a device called a coronagraph. The word "corona" is a Latin word meaning "crown", from the Ancient Greek κορώνη (korōnē, “garland, wreath”).

The Sun's corona is much hotter (by a factor from 150 to 450) than the visible surface of the Sun. The photosphere's average temperature is 5800 kelvin compared to the corona's one to three million kelvin. The corona is 10−12 times as dense as the photosphere, and so produces about one-millionth as much visible light. The corona is separated from the photosphere by the relatively shallow chromosphere. The exact mechanism by which the corona is heated is still the subject of some debate. The outer edges of the Sun's corona are constantly being blown away by the open magnetic flux generating the solar wind.

References 

Stars
Light sources
Motal

Motol (, , , ) is a township in Ivanava Raion of Brest Region of Belarus. It is located about 30 kilometres west of Pinsk, on the Yaselda River.

Other websites
 Photos at radzima.org
 Shtetl Links: Motol Home Page 

Settlements in Belarus
Oulad Ziane

Oulad Ziane is a Bedouin tribe of Banu Hilal group. It was installed in the south of Casablanca by the Almohad caliphs. It was divided into two parts: Moualine el Oued and Moualine Deroua.

Ethnic groups in Africa
Henriette Reker

Henriette Reker (born 9 December 1956 in Cologne) is a German lawyer and independent politician, elected mayor of Cologne in 2015.

She served as deputy mayor of Gelsenkirchen since 2000. In 2010 she was appointed a mayoral deputy for social affairs, integration and the environment of the city of Cologne. Supported by CDU, FDP and The Greens she is running for the office of the Mayor of Cologne.

At a public event on 17 October 2015, the day before the mayoral elections, she was seriously wounded when a 44-year old man stabbed her in the neck with a knife, while shouting against refugees. A day after the attack, Reker was elected mayor of Cologne after gaining 52.66% of the votes. She is the first female mayor elected in Cologne's history.

References

1956 births
Living people
Deputy mayors
German crime victims
German mayors
People from Cologne
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Gamal El-Ghitani

Gamal el-Ghitani, (9 May 1945 – 18 October 2015) was an Egyptian author of historical and political novels and cultural and political commentaries. He was the editor-in-chief of the literary periodical Akhbar Al-Adab ("Cultural News") from 2011 until his death in 2015.

He died on 18 October 2015 at the El Galaa Hospital For Armed Forces Officers Families in Cairo from a heart attack, aged 70.

References

1945 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Egypt
Egyptian writers
Egyptian journalists
Carrie (2002 movie)

Carrie is a 2002 NBC television movie and remake of the movie Carrie based on the best-selling novel by Stephen King. The movie was a backdoor pilot for a possible television series and the ending of the novel was changed to allow for a continuing series; but no followup series was ever produced. Carrie was remade again in 2013.

Cast

 Angela Bettis as Carrie White
 Patricia Clarkson as Margaret White
 Rena Sofer as Miss Desjarden (as spelled in the movie credits)
 Kandyse McClure as Sue Snell
 Emilie De Ravin as Chris Hargensen
 Katharine Isabelle as Tina Blake
 Chelan Simmons as Helen Shyres
 Tobias Mehler as Tommy Ross
 Jesse Cadotte as Billy Nolan
 Meghan Black as Norma Watson
 David Keith as Detective John Mulcahey
 Steve Byers as Roy Evarts
 Miles Meadows as Kenny Garson
 Laurie Murdoch as Principal Morton
 Michael Kopsa as John Hargensen
 Malcolm Scott as Jackie Talbot
 Jodelle Ferland as Little Carrie White
 Michaela Mann as Estelle Horan

References

Other websites
 
 

2002 movies
2002 horror movies
2000s teen movies
American movie remakes
Supernatural horror movies
American teen horror movies
American television movies
Carrie
English-language movies
High school movies
Movies about bullying
Movies about revenge
Telekinesis in movies
Northwestern State University

Northwestern State University of Louisiana also known as (NSULA) is a college in Natchitoches, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States.

 
1884 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Louisiana
Murfreesboro, Tennessee

Murfreesboro is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee.

Famous people from there, includes Chris Young (country singer-songwriter, born 1985).

Tennessee
Cities in Tennessee
County seats in Tennessee
Washington, Arkansas

Washington is a city in the U.S. state of Arkansas.

Arkansas
Cities in Arkansas
Donaldsonville, Louisiana

Donaldsonville is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

Louisiana
Cities in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Takaka

Takaka is a small town on the South Island of New Zealand. It is the main town in the Tasman District.

Towns in New Zealand
Morgan Rielly

Morgan Frederick Rielly (born March 9, 1994) is a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was born in West Vancouver, British Columbia and grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Rielly played parts of 3 seasons with the Moose Jaw Warriors of the Western Hockey League (WHL). In the 2010–11 WHL season, Rielly recorded 28 points in 65 games played. He missed most of the 2011–12 season because of a torn anterior cruciate ligament. He returned to the team during the end of their playoff run against the Edmonton Oil Kings. Even though Rielly missed most of the season, he was still able to finish ranked fifth in the North American skaters category by the Central Scouting Bureau.

He was drafted 5th overall by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft. Rielly was able to keep a spot on the Maple Leafs roster at the start of the 2013–14 NHL season. On October 5, 2013, Rielly made his NHL debut in a 5–4 shootout win against the Ottawa Senators. On December 16, 2013, he scored his first NHL goal against Marc-André Fleury of the Pittsburgh Penguins in a 3–1 loss.

References

Other websites 

1995 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Living people
Moose Jaw Warriors players
Sportspeople from Vancouver
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Wallace

Wallace may refer to:

Places 
 Wallace, Idaho, a town in the American state of Idaho

People 
Given name
 Wallace Shawn (born 1943), an American actor, author, playwright, and stand-up comedian
 Wallace de Souza (born 1987), a Brazilian volleyball player

Surname
 Mike Wallace, American football player
 Mike Wallace (journalist), American journalist, former host of 60 Minutes

Other uses 
 Wallace, a character in the Wallace and Gromit animations by Aardman Animations
Shawn Mendes

Shawn Peter Raul Mendes (born August 8, 1998) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. He became known in 2013, when he began posting cover versions of songs by artists such as Justin Bieber on the video sharing app Vine. In 2014, he signed a recording contract with Island Records.

Mendes released his first single, "Life of the Party". The song peaked at number 1 on the real-time Billboard Twitter Trending 140 chart. Mendes also released a four-track EP, The Shawn Mendes EP. It charted at number 5 on the Billboard charts.

He is known for the songs "Life Of The Party", "Stitches" (his biggest hit and a UK number-one), and "Treat You Better", "There's Nothing Holding Me Back",“In My Blood”, “If I Can’t Have You” and most recently “Senorita” with Camila Cabello . 

Mendes has now had two world tours for his albums Handwritten and Illuminate and is very commonly known all over the world.

He went on his third world tour for his new self-titled album Shawn Mendes. The tour started March 7, 2019 and finished in December 21, 2019.

He is also a very talented photographer as he had photographed a photo of Josiah Van Dien, which was released on Tuesday 26th February 2019, he most likely had taken the photo for fun. His best friends are Taylor and Zoë Swift who are currently working on an album together.

References  

Canadian singer-songwriters
1998 births
Living people
Mdakra

Mdakra is a Bedouin tribe of Banu Hilal group. It was installed in Morocco in the Merinid area and consisted of Ahlaf and Melilla.

References

Moroccan tribes
Benedetta Cappa

Benedetta Cappa (14 August 1897 – 15 May 1977) was an Italian futurist artist. She had exhibitions at the Walker Art Center and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.

Biography
Cappa was born on 14 August 1897 in Rome, Italy. She became very interested in Futurism while studying under one of the movement's leading figures, Giacomo Balla, in Rome in 1917. She married Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in 1923 and they had three daughters: Vittoria, Ala and Luce. Cappa, now using her married name Benedetta Cappa Marinetti, was the first woman artist to have her work featured in the 1930 Biennale catalog. This was a large-scale art exhibition held every two years. In 1932 she presented seven paintings at the Venice Biennale. She exhibited at the Petit Palais in Paris in 1935 and the national art exhibition in Rome the same year. She was a leading artist in the Futurism movement. 

Cappa died on 15 May 1977 in Venice, Italy at age 79.

References

1897 births
1977 deaths
Italian artists
People from Rome
Harriet Sylvia Ann Howland Green Wilks

Henrietta Sylvia Ann Howland Green Wilks (January 7, 1871 – February 5, 1951) was one of the wealthiest women in the United States.

Biography
Green was born in Hoboken, New Jersey on January 7, 1871. Her parents were Henrietta Howland Robinson and Edward Henry Green. Her brother was Edward Howland Robinson Green (1868–1936). She married Matthew Astor Wilks (1844–1926), great grandson of America's first millionaire, John Jacob Astor.  They were married in Morristown, New Jersey February 23, 1909; she was 32 and he was 63. When her brother died in 1935, she inherited his estate, rather than the estate going to his widow.

She died on February 5, 1951 leaving an estate of $94,965,229 ($443 million in 2007 dollars). The list of assets included 36 pages of bonds, eight pages of blue chip stocks, and $31 million in a non-interest bearing checking account. Her will was found in a tin cabinet with four bars of soap. She gave just $5,000 to her closest genetic relative, a cousin, but the court awarded her $140,000 during probate. The rest was divided between 63 charities and educational institutions.

References

1871 births
1951 deaths
People from Hoboken, New Jersey
Tom Smith (Pennsylvania politician)

Thomas Joel "Tom" Smith (October 20, 1947 – October 17, 2015) was an American Republican politician, farmer and businessman.

Political career
He was first a Democrat for four years before becoming a politician. Smith switched parties in 2011 and ran for the United States Senate in 2012 as a Republican, losing to the current Democratic Senator Bob Casey, Jr..

Death
Smith died at his home in Shelocta, Pennsylvania, aged 67.

References

1947 births
2015 deaths
Politicians from Pennsylvania
US Republican Party politicians
Ore-bulk-oil carrier

An ore-bulk-oil carrier, also called a combination carrier or OBO, is a ship that carries wet or dry cargo. The idea is to reduce the number of empty voyages in which large ships carry cargo one way and are empty for another.

OBO carriers are today not as common as in the 1970s and 1980s.

One of the most famous OBO carriers is the Derbyshire. It sank during a typhoon in 1980 in the Pacific.

Ships
Ex post facto law

An ex post facto law (Latin for "after the fact" or "from after the action") is a law that changes the legal consequences (or status) of actions that were committed before the law went into effect. In criminal law, an ex post facto law may criminalize actions that were legal at the time they were committed, or may make a crime worse by bringing it into a more severe category than it was in when it was committed. 

 In criminal law 
It may make the punishment prescribed for a crime, more severe. It may also add new penalties or it may extend a sentence. It may change the rules of evidence in order to make conviction for a crime likelier than it would have been when the deed was committed. Conversely, a form of ex post facto law, commonly called an amnesty law, may decriminalize certain acts. A pardon has a similar effect in a specific case. Other legal changes may lessen or eliminate possible punishments (for example by replacing the death sentence with lifelong imprisonment) retroactively. Such legal changes are also known by the Latin term in mitius.

US Constitution 
The United States Constitution prohibits ex post facto laws. Two clauses in the constitution prohibit ex post facto. Article 1 Section 9 of the U.S. Constitution states: 'No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed,'. Section 10 says: 'No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law. . .'

In civil law 
Ex post facto laws relate only to criminal laws passed by legislations. It does not apply to civil laws "that affect private rights adversely." In 2003 the US Supreme court noted the difference between civil and penal laws. In the case of Smith v. Doe, the court questioned the constitutionality of the Alaska Sex Offender Registration Act's retroactive requirements. Alaska's Megan's Law was applied to sex offenders before the law went into effect. It required offenders to register with the local police. It also required public notification via the Internet. The court made a legal precedent in deciding the intent of the law was civil and non-punitive. That it was to protect the public saftey by "protecting the public from sex offenders."

Europe 
The European Parliament prohibits ex post facto legislation by all member nations. They determined "Ex post facto legislation may also violate citizens’ right to effective legal redress and a fair trial..."

In English law, ex post facto laws are very rare. One example was the War Crimes Act 1991 by the Parliament of England. It allowed British citizens to be put on trial for war crimes that took place during World War II.

References

Other websites 
 Prohibition Against Ex Post Facto Laws 
 Ex Post Facto in the Civil Context: Unbridled Punishment

Legal terms
Law
Hero (Mariah Carey song)

"Hero" is a song by Mariah Carey. It was taken from her third album, Music Box.  The song was released on October 19, 1993.  It became Carey's eighth number-one song in America and was the fifth best-performing song of 1994 there.  "Hero" is a pop and R&B ballad; although Carey explained that she was unhappy with the song, she realizes how important the song is to her fans and performs it live at her concerts because of its uplifting message.

References

1993 songs
Mariah Carey songs
Pop songs
R&B songs
Bob Houbregs

Robert J. "Bob" Houbregs (March 12, 1932 – May 28, 2014) was a Canadian professional basketball forward-center. He stood at 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m). Houbregs was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Hawks, Baltimore Bullets, Boston Celtics, and Fort Wayne/Detroit Pistons.

Houbregs played college basketball at the University of Washington with the Huskies. In 1953, he was named NCAA Player of the Year. He was also named as a Consensus All-America selection and helped lead the Huskies to the Final Four.

After retiring in 1958, Houbregs became the general manager of the Seattle SuperSonics. He served as the general manager from 1970 until 1973.

Houbregs was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1987 and into the Canadian Basketball Hall of Fame in 2000.

On May 28, 2014, Houbregs died in Olympia, Washington. He was 82.

References

Other websites
Career Statistics

1932 births
2014 deaths
Boston Celtics players
Canadian basketball players
Detroit Pistons players
Sportspeople from Vancouver
Cosham

Cosham is a northern suburb of Portsmouth. Cosham High Street is the main shopping centre, where you will find lots of shops and amenities. There is a police station and fire station close to the high street. Cosham train station is close by and there is a frequent bus service too.

References 

Portsmouth