cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Louis VI of France

Louis VI (1 December 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (), was King of France from 1108 until his death (1137).

Marriages and children
He married in 1104: 1) Lucienne de Rochefort — the marriage was cancelled.
Their child:
1) Isabelle (c.1105 – before 1175), married (ca 1119) William of Vermandois, seigneur of Chaumont

He married in 1115: 2) Adélaide de Maurienne (1092–1154)

Their children: 
 Philip (1116 – October 13, 1131), King of France (1129–31), not to be confused with his brother of the same name; died from a fall from a horse.
 Louis VII (1120 – November 18, 1180), King of France
 Henry (1121–75), archbishop of Reims
 Hugues  (born ca 1122)
 Robert  (ca 1123 – October 11, 1188), count of Dreux
 Constance (ca 1124 – August 16, 1176), married first Eustace IV, count of Boulogne and then Raymond V of Toulouse.
 Philip (1125–61), bishop of Paris. not to be confused with his elder brother.
 Peter of France (ca 1125–83), married Elizabeth, lady of Courtenay

1081 births
1137 deaths
Kings and Queens of France
People from Paris
Louis VII of France

Louis VII, called the Younger or the Young (; 1120 – 18 September 1180), was King of France from 1137 until his death. He was the son and successor of Louis VI.

Ancestors

Marriages and Children
Louis married three times. By Eleanor of Aquitaine, he had:
Marie, married Henry I of Champagne
Alix, married Theobald V of Blois
By Constance of Castile:
Marguerite of France (1158–97), married (1) Henry the Young King; (2) King Béla III of Hungary (1172–96)
Alys (4 October 1160 – c. 1220), engaged to Richard I of England; she married William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu
By Adele of Champagne:
Philip II Augustus (August 22, 1165 – 1223)  
Agnes of France (1171–1240), who was betrothed to Alexius II Comnenus (1180–83) but married (1) Andronicus I Comnenus (1183–85); (2) Theodore Branas (1204)

Kings and Queens of France
1120 births
1180 deaths
Gatehouse

A gatehouse was a strong building built over the gateway to a city or castle. A gatehouse is found on European castles, manor houses and mansions. 

Sometimes gatehouses defended a town by being built across a bridge, a river or a moat, as in Monmouth.

English gatehouses 
Ightham Mote
Nottingham Castle
Stokesay Castle
Stanway Hall, Stanway, Gloucestershire
Westwood, Worcestershire
Burton Agnes Hall, Yorkshire
Hylton Castle, Hylton, Sunderland

French gatehouses 
Château de Suscinio
Château de Trécesson
Château de Vitré

Fortification
Pittodrie Stadium

Pittodrie Stadium is a stadium in Aberdeen, Scotland. It is mostly used as a football stadium for Aberdeen F.C.

Aberdeen have played at Pittodrie Stadium throughout their existence. The ground was first used by the original Aberdeen F.C. in 1899, in a 7–1 win over Dumbarton; when they merged with two other teams in 1903, the new club took over the old Aberdeen ground. On August 15 1903, 8,000 spectators turned up to watch the new Aberdeen draw 1-1 against Stenhousemuir, the first game played at Pittodrie by its amalgamated tenants. The club initially rented the ground, but subsequently bought it in 1920. The stadium contains 21,600 seats, but due to the directors' boxes, some sources place this figure at 22,000.  The record attendance occurred on March 13 1954, when 45,061 spectators turned up for a Scottish Cup match between Aberdeen and Hearts.

The stadium consists of four stands. The Main Stand, which houses the club offices and players facilities, holds the majority of the supporters. The Merkland Road Stand is primarily for families. The South Stand is opposite the main stand and a quarter of this section is used to accommodate travelling supporters, except for Old Firm games, where half of this stand is given to the visiting fans. The newest element is the Richard Donald stand at the East, or Beach End, of the ground, and is named after former chairman Dick Donald. This is a modern, two–tier design, completed in 1993, containing hospitality suites which is significantly taller than the other structures at the ground. In 1978, Pittodrie became the first all covered, all-seater stadium in Britain.

The club are examining a move to a new stadium in Aberdeen.

References

Football stadiums in Scotland
Aberdeen
Florence Cathedral

One of the most amazing architecture made during the Renaissance was built in Italy by a man called Filippo Brunelleschi. Brunelleschi made the Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence, Italy. It took him 16 years to create and used mainly only two materials marble and brick. The cathedral finished its construction on the 9th of September 1296. Many experts do not understand the logic of how it was built. But what we do know is that Brunelleschi invented many new techniques to produce such an amazing cathedral. The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore or Florence Cathedral is the cathedral church of Florence, Italy. The basilica was designed by Arnolfo di Cambio with the dome by Filippo Brunelleschi. The bell tower was designed by Giotto. The outside is decorated with marble panels in green and pink bordered by white. The building was begun in 1296 and was finished in 1469, except for the decoration. The facade (the main front) was decorated between 1876 and 1903. The dome, which is built of bricks with stone ribs, is one of the biggest in the world.

Statues
From about 1464 the members of the Wool Guild wanted to have twelve statues of people from the Old Testament of the Bible carved for the Florence Cathedral.  These statues were to go on the buttresses all around the outside walls, high up near the roof.
Joshua in terracotta by Donatello 1410
Hercules  in terracotta by Agostino di Duccio 1463
David In marble. This is the statue of David by Michelangelo 1501-1504. On 12 November 2010, a fiberglass replica of the David was installed on the roofline of Florence Cathedral, for one day only. Photographs of the installation reveal the statue the way the Operai who commissioned the work originally expected it to be seen.

References

Other websites 

 L'Opera del Duomo, Firenze
 
 
 
Rick Edmondson's Unfinished Buildings

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in Italy
Buildings and structures in Florence
1296 establishments
13th-century establishments in Italy
1290s establishments in Europe
Beauvais Cathedral

Beauvais Cathedral () is an unfinished cathedral in Beauvais, in northern France. It was started in the 13th century.

Other websites 

 Cathedral of Beauvais Digital Media Archive 
 360 degrees panorama virtual tour of some French cathedrals including Beauvais

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Hauts-de-France
13th-century establishments in Europe
Establishments in France
Orvieto Cathedral

The Duomo di Orvieto is a big 14th century Roman Catholic cathedral found in the town of Orvieto in Umbria in Italy.

Other websites
Historical Information and photos 
Orvieto Duomo Photo Pages 
Orvieto Duomo Detailed description

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in Italy
Umbria
14th-century establishments in Europe
Establishments in Italy
Laon Cathedral

Laon Cathedral () is a cathedral in Laon, Hauts-de-France, France. The current gothic cathedral was built between 1135 and 1270, on the site of an romanesque church which had been destroyed by a fire. It is one of the most important examples of the Gothic architecture of the 12th and 13th centuries. It is also among the first gothic cathedrals built in France.  The cathedral has been compared to those of Saint-Étienne of Sens and Notre Dame of Paris.

Other websites 

 Kathedrale in Laon 
 Notre-Dame de Laon 
 Notre-Dame de Laon (in French)
 "Laon" in Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed. 1911)

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Hauts-de-France
Lincoln Cathedral

Lincoln Cathedral is an Anglican church in Lincoln, England. It was the tallest building in the world for over 200 years (1300–1549), but the central spire fell down in the sixteenth century and was not rebuilt. It owns one of the four surviving copies of the Magna Carta.

Other websites 

 Lincoln Cathedral Official Website
 The Cathedral Church of Lincoln: a history and description 
 Large collection of pictures and info on Lincoln Cathedral

References 

Cathedrals in England
Anglican Cathedrals
Lincolnshire
Milan Cathedral

Milan Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Milano) is the cathedral church of Milan found in Lombardy, northern Italy.  The cathedral where locate in Milan was built according to Italian style. Its construction was started in 1386 and was completed in 1965. The construction took 579 years. Capacity of the cathedral is 60000 people. It is one of the largest cathedral in the world and the largest in Italy.

Other websites 

 Photos and details
 Duomo in Google Maps
 Virtual model of Piazza del Duomo

Reference 

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in Italy
Milan
1965 establishments in Europe
1960s establishments in Italy
Sainte Chapelle

The Sainte-Chapelle () is a Gothic chapel found on the Île de la Cité in the heart of Paris, France. This chapel is an example of the rayonnante period of Gothic architecture. The chapel was designed by architect, Pierre de Montereau.

La Sainte-Chapelle was built in six years (1242-1248). It was consecrated in 1248. The building was designed to house the relics of the Passion, especially the Crown of Thorns. King Louis IX had acquired this Crown from Emperor Baudouin II in 1239. The possession of this relic put France in the forefront of Latin Christendom.

Other relics were brought from Byzantium over the next two years. These relics were kept in the Saint-Nicholas Chapel until a more appropriate place could be prepared. During the French Revolution, the choir stalls and the rood screen of Sainte Chapelle were destroyed. The spire was torn down and the relics sent elsewhere. Restoration of the chapel was undertaken in 1846. The chapel was returned to its former splendor with this restoration. 

The stained glass windows of the chapel are its chief glory. They tell the story of humankind from the Creation to the Redemption of the world through Jesus Christ. These windows contain 6,458 sq. ft of glass. Two thirds of the glass are original. Each window is divided into lancets. These lancets must be read from left to right, working from the bottom up. They were restored in the 19th century.

References

Other websites 

       L'Internaute Magazine: Diaporama  (in French)
Informative Article From 1921 On Sainte Chapelle
Information of the windows of St. James Chapel, replica of the Sainte Chapelle

Buildings and structures in Paris
Churches in France
Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester Cathedral is an Anglican church in Gloucester, England. It is in the north of the city near the river. It started with the foundation of an Abbey built for Saint Peter in 678 or 679. Henry VIII ordered the monasteries to be dissolved and Gloucester Abbey surrendered in January 1540. The abbey buildings became Gloucester Cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of Gloucester in 1541.

Other websites 

 Official website
 Photos of Gloucester Cathedral

Anglican Cathedrals
Cathedrals in England
Gloucester
Legendary creature

A legendary creature (mythical or mythological creature) is a type of fictional entity, typically a hybrid, that has not been proved. Legendary creatures may be described in legends, fantasy, mythology, fables, folklore, poetry, fairy tales, novels and fiction, but in historical accounts before history became a science. Some examples are: thyster fuytr thjlo tkih redry uoil.

Bigfoot
Bunyip
Chupacabra
Dragon 
Fenrir
Goblin
Griffin
Hippocamp
Imp
Jabberwocky
Leshy
Unicorn
Vampire
Werewolf
Yeti
Hippogriff
Ickabog

References

Other websites

 
Mythology
Folklore
Uppsala Cathedral

The Cathedral of Uppsala (), found in the city of Uppsala, Sweden, was built in the late 13th century. It is at a height and length of 118.7 m is the largest church building in Scandinavia.

Other websites 

 Photos of Cathedral of Uppsala 
 Tourist guide 
 Official Uppland tourist page 
 Cathedral's website 

Church of Sweden cathedrals
Uppsala
Toledo Cathedral

The Cathedral of Saint Mary of Toledo (also called Primate Cathedral of Toledo, Spain) is one of the three 13th century High Gothic cathedrals in Spain.

The Toledo Cathedral was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.

References

In Spanish

 Camón Aznar, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XVIII, colección Summa Artis. La escultura y la rejería españolas del siglo XVI. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1961.
 Camón Aznar, José; Morales y Marín, José Luis; Valdivieso, Enrique. Historia general del arte, Tomo XXVII, colección Summa Artis. Arte español del siglo XVIII. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1984.
 
 
 Martí y Monsó, José. Estudios histórico-artísticos relativos principalmente a Valladolid. Basados en la investigación de diversos archivos. Primera edición 1892-1901. segunda edición facsímil, Valladolid 1992, Editorial Ámbito S.A. .

 Nieto Siria, José Manuel. Iglesia y génesis del Estado Moderno en Castilla (1369–1480), Madrid, 1993.
 Pijoan, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XI, colección Summa Artis. El arte gótico de la Europa occidental, siglos XIII, XIV y XV. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1953.
 Polo Benito, José. El arte en España. Catedral de Toledo. Patronato Nacional de Turismo. Editorial H de J. Thomas, Barcelona.
 Riera Vidal. Un día en Toledo. .
 Sánchez-Palencia, Almudena. Fundaciones del Arzobispo Tenorio: La capilla de San Blas en la Catedral de Toledo. Diputación de Toledo, 1985.
 Conferencia Episcopal Española. Celebración eucarística según el rito Hispano-mozárabe. Madrid, 2000. .
 

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in Spain
Toledo, Spain
Equilateral triangle

In geometry, an equilateral triangle is a triangle where all three sides are the same length and all three angles are also the same and are each 60°.
If an altitude is drawn, it bisects the side to which it is drawn, in turn leaving two separate 30-60-90 triangles

Other websites 
 MathWorld - the construction of an equilateral triangle

Principal properties

Denoting the common length of the sides of the equilateral triangle as a, we can determine using the Pythagorean theorem that:
 The area is 
 The perimeter is 
 The radius of the circumscribed circle is 
 The radius of the inscribed circle is  or 
 The geometric center of the triangle is the center of the circumscribed and inscribed circles
 And the altitude (height) from any side is .
Denoting the radius of the circumscribed circle as R, we can determine using trigonometry that:
 The area of the triangle is 
Many of these quantities have simple relationships to the altitude ("h") of each vertex from the opposite side:
 The area is   
 The height of the center from each side, or apothem, is   
 The radius of the circle circumscribing the three vertices is  
 The radius of the inscribed circle is  

In an equilateral triangle, the altitudes, the angle bisectors, the perpendicular bisectors and the medians to each side coincide.

Equal cevians
Three kinds of cevians are equal for (and only for) equilateral triangles:
 The three altitudes have equal lengths.
 The three medians have equal lengths.
 The three angle bisectors have equal lengths.

Coincident triangle centers
Every triangle center of an equilateral triangle coincides with its centroid, which implies that the equilateral triangle is the only triangle with no Euler line connecting some of the centers. For some pairs of triangle centers, the fact that they coincide is enough to ensure that the triangle is equilateral. In particular:
 A triangle is equilateral if any two of the circumcenter, incenter, centroid, or orthocenter coincide.
 It is also equilateral if its circumcenter coincides with the Nagel point, or if its incenter coincides with its nine-point center.

Six triangles formed by partitioning by the medians

For any triangle, the three medians partition the triangle into six smaller triangles.
 A triangle is equilateral if and only if any three of the smaller triangles have either the same perimeter or the same inradius.
 A triangle is equilateral if and only if the circumcenters of any three of the smaller triangles have the same distance from the centroid.

Points in the plane
 A triangle is equilateral if and only if, for every point P in the plane, with distances p, q, and r to the triangle's sides and distances x, y, and z to its vertices,

References

Polygons

pt:Triângulo#Tipos de triângulos
Limoges Cathedral

Limoges Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic cathedral found in Limoges, France.

Other websites 
 Location

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Limoges
Rouen Cathedral

Rouen Cathedral () is a Gothic cathedral in Rouen, in Normandy, northwestern France.

Related pages 
 Rouen Cathedral (Monet), a series of paintings of the cathedral by Claude Monet

References

Other websites 

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Rouen
St Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

St. Stephen's Cathedral () is found in Vienna, Austria. It has a clear Romanesque and Gothic form. The large place before it is called Stephansplatz (St. Stephen's place). It lies in the center of Vienna.

History 
It had the status of Cathedral since 1376. Since 1479 it is the seat of a bishop, since 1723 that of an archbishop. The current archbishop of Vienna is Christoph Schönborn. He holds the office since 1996. The Cathedral is consecrated to Stephanus. Stephanus is believed to be the first Christian martyr.

References

Other websites 
 Official website of St. Stephen's Cathedral  
 About the Bells  

Buildings and structures in Austria
Christianity in Austria
Roman Catholic Cathedrals
1140s establishments in Europe
Establishments in Austria
1147 establishments
Carlisle Cathedral

Carlisle Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Carlisle, in Cumbria, in northwest England. It is the seat of the bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle,

Other websites 
Stayin - Carlisle Cathedral
Official site
Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Carlisle - from Project Gutenberg.

Anglican Cathedrals
Cathedrals in England
Carlisle
Notre-Dame de Saint-Omer

Saint-Omer Cathedral () was a cathedral, in Saint-Omer, France. Today, it is an ordinary church. This is because after the French revolution, the seat of the bishop was moved to Arras. It is still a historical monument. There was a small chapel where the Cathedral stands today. The chapel was built in the 8th century. Around 1052, a church was built on the site. Around 1200, a fire greatly damaged the church. Reconstruction in Gothic style started around 1263. Since it was a major work, it took a long time. The main construction works were done form the 13th to the 16th century. By that time, there was a college associated with the church. 1714 saw the installation of the bishop's seat; in 1717 the last touch-ups were done to the pipe organ. The woodwork and the bishop's seat date from 1753. 

In 1792 there was the French Revolution. The Church was closed to worshippers. It was converted into a storage area. Unlike other churches, there was little vandalism done to it. The Concordat of 1801 saw the suppression of the diocese of Saint-Omer, it was moved to Arras.

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Hauts-de-France
Selby Abbey

Selby Abbey is an Anglican parish church in the town of Selby, North Yorkshire. It was founded by Benedict in 1069 and built by the de Lacy family.

Other websites 
Official website of Selby Abbey.
Views of Selby Abbey.

Abbeys
Churches in England
North Yorkshire
Anglican churches
Rochester Cathedral

Rochester Cathedral is a Norman church in Rochester, Kent, and the cathedral of the Anglican diocese of Rochester. It was originally founded in 604 AD, and rebuilt by the Normans. The present church was consecrated in 1130. It became a place of pilgrimage after William of Perth was murdered nearby in 1201.

References

Other websites 
Official website of Rochester Cathedral
A history of the King's School and of the choristers of Rochester Cathedral 

Anglican Cathedrals
Kent
Cathedrals in England
Le Mans Cathedral

Le Mans Cathedral (French: Cathédrale St-Julien du Mans) is a cathedral built in the Gothic style in the town of Le Mans, France. It is dedicated to Saint Julien; he was the first bishop of Le Mans; he is also buried in the cathedral. It is somewhat unusual in the West. It is often compared to those of Reims and Chartres. Its building was influenced a lot by the cathedral of Bourges. It is also special because its nave is built in Romanesque style, but the choir is built in Gothic style.

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Le Mans
Types of tennis match

Traditionally, tennis is played between two people in a Singles match, or four players in a Doubles match. However, popular variations allowing play between three players (of which two or three are on the court at any one time) have emerged.

Singlesin tennis is the body of competition that features individual players competing one-on-one.  There are separate singles competitions for men and women.  The singles competition exists in counterdistinction to doubles.

Doublesone team of two players on each side (four players in total). In this version, gender does not matter. Doubles utilizes a wider court than singles matches.

Mixed doubles similar to the doubles game, but this version requires one man and one woman to be a team.

American doubles(from the UK) is generally used in training, and plays one player (playing with a singles court layout) versus two players (playing with a doubles court layout). Often the court rotates game by game taking it in turns to play on your own.

Jordache tennisis a game played between three players.  A normal tennis game takes place between two of the three contestants.  Players are awarded 5 points for a game win and the loser is awarded points based on the score achieved: 3 for deuce, 2 for 30 and 1 for 15.  The winner remains in.  The player replacing the loser gets to choose who serves.  The first to 50 wins.  Scoring is calculated continuously, so if a player is currently on 49 points at the start of a game they only have to win one point for the game to end.  There is a variation invented in 2005, called "mini-Jordache", where the winner is the first to 25.

Wheelchair tennishas the same thing as both singles and doubles, however, the ball may bounce twice before hitting it, the second bounce may even be outside the field.

Australian Doublesis played when one player is significantly better than 2 others. Two players on one side hitting into the singles court while the better player is alone hitting into the doubles court.

Canadian Doubles is similar to Australian Doubles, however the single player does not have to be significantly better than the double team.

Other websites

http://www.sportsofworld.com/tennis/ 
http://www.ballsport2u.com/tennis-games.html 

Tennis
Love Street

Love Street was a Scottish football stadium in Paisley, Glasgow. It was owned by St Mirren F.C. who played their home games at the stadium. It closed in 2009.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Sports buildings in the United Kingdom
2009 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Valdas Adamkus

Valdas Adamkus (born 3 November 1926) is a Lithuanian politician and engineer. He was the President of the Republic of Lithuania. He was born on November 3, 1926 in Kaunas, Lithuania. His birth name was Valdemaras Adamkavičius.

First elected in 1998, he ended his term in office in 2003. When Rolandas Paksas, the new elected president, was impeached and removed by the Lithuanian Parliament in 2004, Adamkus was re-elected. He chose not to run for re-election during the Lithuanian presidential election in 2009.  He was succeeded on 12 July 2009 by Dalia Grybauskaitė.

In 1951, he married Alma Adamkienė.

Following the end of his term as president, Adamkus remained involved in international development, and a member of the European Academy of Diplomacy.

References

Other websites

 Website of the Lithuanian President Valdas Adamkus 
 The Official Website of the President of the Republic of Lithuania 
 Videos of the President of the Republic of Lithuania 
 2005 Interview with a Ukrainian journalist  
 Acknowledgement of lifetime achievements at the US EPA
 European Voice – Mister persistent Valdas Adamkus
 Institution of the President of the Republic of Lithuania

People from Kaunas
Presidents of Lithuania
1926 births
Living people
Civil servants
Islamic architecture

Islamic architecture is a type of architecture. It has been used for many different kinds of buildings; many mosques were built based on old Egyptian style. It can be very varied. Decoration is often limited to calligraphy, as Muslims are forbidden to make images of god. They also make complicated tile artwork and decorate buildings, pottery and canvas with painted calligraphy looking beautiful.

Gallery 

Architectural styles
Islamic culture
Easter Road

Easter Road is a Scottish football stadium in Edinburgh. It is owned by Hibernian F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Buildings and structures in Edinburgh
New Douglas Park

New Douglas Park is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Scottish Premier League team Hamilton Academical F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Falkirk Stadium

Falkirk Stadium is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Falkirk F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Rugby Park

Rugby Park is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Kilmarnock F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Tannadice

Tannadice is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Dundee United F.C. who play their home games at the stadium. Tannadice Stadium is on the same street as their Dundee rivals stadium, Dundee F.C.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Dundee
Tynecastle

Tynecastle is a football stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is owned by Hearts of Midlothian F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Buildings and structures in Edinburgh
Ibrox

Ibrox is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Rangers F.C. who play their home games at the stadium. The capacity is 50,817.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Buildings and structures in Glasgow
Caledonian Stadium

Caledonian Stadium is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Fir Park

Fir Park is a football stadium in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The stadium is the home of Scottish Premier League club Motherwell F.C.. The stadium is all seats with a capacity of 13,742. The highest attendance for the stadium is 35,632 against Rangers in a 1952 Scottish Cup match.

Today, the stadium has an unbalanced look, with one large stand and three smaller stands. The biggest stand at the ground is the two-tiered South Stand, which was built in 1993. Opposite is the small Davie Cooper Stand, named after the former player, which was built in 1995. These two stands have their advertising slogans changed whenever the club's sponsor changes.

Running along one side of the ground is the East Stand, which used to be a terrace until it was changed into a seating area. This stand had the legendary "KEEP CIGARETTES AWAY FROM THE MATCH" slogan displayed below the roof, facing the pitch. Since the smoking ban was put into place in 2006, slogans such as these were no longer needed, and in 2012, was changed to Cash Converters, the clubs main sponsor.  The East stand is the stand of choice for many of the younger and passionate fans of the club.

Opposite the East Stand is The Phil O'Donnell Stand, which was known as the Main Stand until 2008. The stand was renamed The Phil O'Donnell Stand in honour of the late Motherwell captain who died on the Fir Park pitch.

This is a strange-looking stand, as the steel girders run for the full length of the pitch, but the stand only runs for two thirds the length of the pitch. This was because, in 1962, a nearby houseowner complained about the building of the stand during construction. Both the club and the houseowner failed to work things out, so to this day, the stand has not been built the full length of the pitch.

Gretna

During the 2007-08 season, Gretna F.C. rented Fir Park from Motherwell and played all but one of their home league games there.

Notes

Other websites 
 Fir Park at the Scottish Football Archive

Football stadiums in Scotland
North Lanarkshire
1895 establishments in the United Kingdom
1890s establishments in Scotland
Flag of Lithuania

The Flag of Lithuania is a tricolour flag currently used by Lithuania. The flag has three horizontal stripes. The yellow stripe on the top represents the sun, the green stripe in the middle represents forests, the red stripe on the bottom represents the blood of people who defended Lithuania's freedom. The flag's ratio is 3:5 (1:2 in 1989). The Council of Lithuania first adopted it in 1918. When the Soviets occupied Lithuania in 1940, they changed the flag to a Soviet one. When Lithuania gained independence in 1990, the flag was reintroduced. This newly introduced flag had a ratio of 1:2. In 2004, it was changed to 3:5.

Special days for the flag 
The table below shows the dates when the flag should be flown:

References

Lithuania
Lithuania
Wikiversity

Wikiversity is a free wiki website, a sister project of Wikipedia, and run by the Wikimedia Foundation. It is used to help students learn, or teachers to teach. Wikiversity develops learning resources on every subject which users are interested in. It has many links to other wikis with educational material like Wikipedia and Wikibooks. 

Wikiversity started in 2006. Before that Wikiversity was a part of Wikibooks, the library of free textbooks. There are currently wikiversities in many different languages: Czech, English, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. 

Wikiversity is the best way to develop a small wiki resource to learn your favorite topic if the information is from Wikipedia or Wikibooks. It is also a good place to use the MediaWiki wiki tools. 

Wikiversity resources are different from Wikipedia because the user can begin research on the topic. Wikipedia uses materials that are notable and not original research. Wikiversity allows resources and articles developed among individual users. Wikiversity users don't have to share changes with other users. Userpages are used to write articles on your own.

Wikiversity Beta is used to make new Wikiversities. If users speak a language that needs a Wikiversity, then Wikiversity Beta is where they make their resources.

Other websites 

Wikimedia
Wikis
Websites established in 2006
Pollywood

Pashto films industry or Pollywood () is the popular acronym for the Pashto language movie industry based in the city of Peshawar, the provincial capital of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Cinema of Pakistan
Peshawar
Thomas Andrews

Thomas Andrews  (7 February 1873 - 15 April 1912) was an Irish businessman. He designed the RMS Titanic. He was married and had a girl who was born in 1908. He died during the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. In the movie Titanic by James Cameron, he was portrayed by actor Victor Garber.

Mr. Thomas Andrews was enrolled into the Royal Belfast at age 11 and left at the age of 16 so that he could go and work for Harland and Wolf as a premium apprentice. At the end of his Apprentice he would be guaranteed a position at the shipyard. Mr. Andrews was made manager of the construction works in 1901; in 1901 he was awarded with the honor of being Manager Director. Andrews as a child had a rich home, good family and his parents were able to support him and his family very well.  His father was a distinguished local politician and his mother Eliza was Lord William parries sister, his uncle was a high court judge and his brother who was to become Northern Irelands Prime Minister.  Mr. Andrews was a first class passenger of the titanic and was born on February 7th 1873 and died on April 15th 1912 at sea. Mr. Andrews died while the ship was sinking; One of the most famous legends of the sinking of the Titanic is that he was last seen staring at the painting in the first class smoking room, making no attempt to save himself.  But this story, which was published in a 1912 book (Thomas Andrews: Shipbuilder) and therefore perpetuated, came from John Stewart, a steward on the ship who in fact did leave the ship in boat n. 15 at approximately 1:40 a.m.

There were testimonies of sightings of Andrews after that moment. It appears that Andrews stayed in the smoking room for some time to gather his thoughts, then he continued assisting with the evacuation. Another reported sighting was of Andrews frantically throwing deck chairs into the ocean for passengers to use as floating devices. Andrews was then seen making his way to the bridge while carrying a lifebelt, possibly the same lifebelt Andrews had draped over a chair in the Smoke Room. Andrews was last seen leaving the ship at the last moment; his body was never recovered.

Newspaper accounts of the disaster labeled Andrews a hero. Mary Sloan, a stewardess on the ship, whom Andrews persuaded to enter a lifeboat, later wrote in a letter: "Mr. Andrews met his fate like a true hero, realizing the great danger, and gave up his life to save the women and children of the Titanic.

In January 1914 The Thomas Andrews Jr. Memorial Hall was opened in honor of the Very loved Thomas Andrews.

References 

Irish businesspeople
Victims of the RMS Titanic
People from County Down
1873 births
1912 deaths
Poprad

Poprad (; , ) is a city in northern Slovakia at the bottom of the High Tatra Mountains. It is the biggest town in the Spiš region and the tenth largest city in Slovakia. As of 2016, about 52,000 people live in Poprad.

The city has a historic centre, an international airport and is the starting point of the Tatranská elektrická železnica (Tatra Electric Railway) - a set of special narrow-gauge trains (trams) connecting the resorts in the High Tatra Mountains with each other and with Poprad.  Main line trains link Poprad to other destinations in Slovakia and beyond, through trains run to Prague in the Czech Republic.
Martina Navratilova

Martina Navratilova (; born Martina Subertová on October 18, 1956, in Prague, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech-American retired tennis player who has been World No. 1.

Navratilova is openly lesbian. She married Julia Lemigova in December 2014.

In February 2010, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. The following month she had surgery to remove it.

References

1956 births
American autobiographers
American female tennis players
American LGBT people
American LGBT rights activists
Australian Open champions
Breast cancer survivors
Coaches
Czech tennis players
French Open champions
Lesbians
Living people
LGBT sportspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Participants in American reality television series
Sportspeople from Prague
People with cancer
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
BBC 100 Women
Leoš Friedl

Leoš Friedl (born January 1 1977 in Jindřichův Hradec) is a Czech professional tennis player best known for his doubles play with František Čermák. He is coached by Lubomir Gerla. In his career, he has won 15 top-level doubles titles and $1,027,625 in prize money. Having turned professional in 1997, Friedl won the 2001 Wimbledon mixed doubles title with Daniela Hantuchová, where they beat Mike Bryan and Liezel Huber, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2.

1977 births
Living people
Male tennis players
Czech tennis players
Kevin Ullyett

Kevin Ullyett (born May 23, 1972) is a tennis player from Harare, Zimbabwe. His success on the tour has come playing doubles.

In his career, he has won 24 doubles titles, including the 2001 US Open and the 2005 Australian Open, both with Wayne Black.

In Mixed Doubles, Ullyett won the 2002 Australian Open with Daniela Hantuchová. He reached the final of Wimbledon in 2002, with Hantuchová, and the semifinal of Wimbledon in 2003 and 2005 with Hantuchová and Liezel Huber respectively. He reached the 2005 Australian Open final, also with Huber.

Black, Ullyett's compatriot and long-time doubles partner, retired at the end of 2005. He now plays with Jonas Björkman.

1972 births
Living people
Male tennis players
Zimbabwean people
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario

Aránzazu (Arantxa) Isabel Maria Sanchez Vicario (born 18 December 1971, in Barcelona, Spain) is a retired Spanish professional tennis player. During her career, she won 4 Grand Slam singles titles and 6 Grand Slam doubles titles.
A little bit about her ....... 
At the 1990 US Open, a reporter asked Arantxa Sánchez-Vicario what she kept in her oversized Reebok sports bag that she was toting around the grounds at Flushing Meadows. With a wide grin, and the exuberance of a teenager (Sánchez-Vicario was still four months away from turning 19), she explained that in addition to a half-dozen racquets, extra sets of strings, grips, socks, clothing, and assorted fruit, that she often carried her Pomeranian dog in the bag. It was good luck, she said with a bright smile, explaining how her dog traveled the globe with her.

References 

1971 births
Female tennis players
French Open champions
Living people
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Barcelona
Spanish sportspeople
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Ai Sugiyama

is a Japanese professional tennis player. She turned professional in 1992. In her career so far, she has won 6 singles titles and 36 doubles titles, including three Grand Slam women's doubles titles (1 with Frenchwoman Julie Halard-Decugis and 2 partnering Belgian Kim Clijsters). Ai is coached by her mother and plays a game based on her fitness and speed, utilizing an aggressive serve and volley whenever feasible.

1975 births
Female tennis players
French Open champions
Japanese tennis players
Living people
Sportspeople from Yokohama
Patty Schnyder

Patty Schnyder (born 14 December 1978, Basel) is a retired professional female tennis player from Switzerland. She played on the WTA tour from 1993 to 2011 and is a former World No.7. She has had important wins over World No. 1's.

During her long career, she reached four Grand Slam quarterfinals, and one Grand Slam semifinal. She has won 10 WTA singles titles and 4 WTA doubles titles and has made over $6,906,000 in prize money.

1978 births
Female tennis players
Living people
Sportspeople from Basel
Swiss tennis players
Indian Wells, California

Indian Wells is a city in Riverside County, California, in the Coachella Valley. It is in the Palm Springs area near Palm Desert, La Quinta, and Indio. For the United States 2000 Census, the city population was 3,816. 

It has the highest proportion of millionaires of any city in the United States.

The city hosts a tennis tournament called the Indian Wells Masters. (The Masters is also known by its current sponsorship name of Pacific Life Open.) The Indian Wells Masters is one of nine tournaments in the Tennis Masters Series. The Masters Series is a high-level event operated by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The event is held in the 16,100-seat stadium of the Indian Wells Tennis Garden.

Other websites

Cities in California
Settlements in Riverside County, California
Indian Wells Masters

The Indian Wells Masters is an annual tennis tournament held in the small city of Indian Wells, California. The official sponsored name of the event is currently the Pacific Life Open. 

The event is part of the ATP Masters Series on the men's tour and is a Premier Mandatory event on the women's tour. The event, held in March, is one of two tour events (beside Miami Masters) in which main draw play extends beyond 8 days. The women's main draw usually starts on Wednesday and the men's main draw starts on Monday. Both finals are held on Sunday of the following week. Both singles main draws include 96 players. The 32 seeded players get a bye to the second round. 

The tournament is played on hard courts and is the best attended tennis tournament outside the four Grand Slam tournaments, with over 300,000 visitors during the event. It has the second largest stadium in the world.

The tournament is usually held in early March. However in 2020, it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and in 2021, it was on in October. Cameron Norrie from Great Britain and Paula Badosa from Spain are the most recent champions.

Tennis tournaments
Sports in California
Zeeshan

Zeeshan () is a Arabic name which comes from the words "Zee"  (someone who has) and "Shan" (splendor). It means a high-resolve (high standard of following what one plans to do) or a standard of high-status.

It may be written in Arabic as  or . Both are valid forms. The first one is a compound word Zeeshan, and the second one is two words Zee and Shan.

The word 'Zeeshan' in Arabic is often used in poetry as an adjective, usually suggesting a meaning of magnificent, or possessor of high status. This name is often given to males in Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh,
Pakistan, Kashmir, Iran, and among the Indian Muslims, & other Asian countries of the Greater Middle East region.

References

Given names
Mahmood

Mahmud (also spelled Mahmood, Mahmoud, Mahmut, Mehmood, Mahmoed or Mehmud) is the main transliteration of the Arabic given name (, Maḥmūd) that comes from the Arabic triconsonantal root of Ḥ-M-D "Praise".

Despite sharing the same triconsonantal root, this name is distinct from the name Muhammad. One of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's many names is Mahmud.

The name is common in most parts of the Islamic world; it is used as a given name for males, while the variant Mahmuda is given to females.

Given name
Mahmud Kanafani Lebanese Singer
Mahmud I, Sultan of Ottoman Empire 1730-1754
Mahmud II, Sultan of Ottoman Empire 1808-1839
Mahmud II of Great Seljuk, Sultan of Baghdad 1118
Mahmud of Ghazni, ruler of Ghazni 997-1030
Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran
Mahmoud Ahmed, Ethiopian musician
Mehmood Ali, Indian actor
Mehmood Bhatti, Pakistani fashion designer
Mahmut Celal Bayar, third President of Turkey
Mahmut Bezgin, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Boz, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Cuhruk, Turkish judge
Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet  
Mahmut Demir, Turkish sport wrestler
Mahmoud Guinia, Moroccan singer
Maulana Mehmud Hasan, Indian independence activist
Mahmut Hoşgiz, Turkish footballer 
Mahmud Hotaki, Afghan ruler
Mahmud Khalid, Ghanaian politician 
Mehmud Khurd, Pakistani ruler
Mahmud al-Kashgari, Turkish scholar
Mahmoud Jaballah, Egyptian-Canadian Jihad member
Mahmud Mahmud, Iranian politician
Mahmoud el-Meliguy, Egyptian Actor
Mahmud Al-Nashaf, Israeli Arab politician
Mahmud Nazari, Afghan academic
Mahmud Saedon Othman, Malay intellectual
Mahmut Özgener, Turkish Football Federation president
Mahmoud an-Nukrashi Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt 1945-1946 & 1946-1948
Mehmood Quaraishy, Kenyan cricketer
Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player
Mahmud Shah (Sultan of Malacca), Sultan of Malacca 1488-1528
Mahmud Shah Durrani, ruler of Afghanistan 1801-1803 & 1809-1818
Mehmood Sham, Pakistani journalist
Mahmut Şenol, Turkish author
Mehmood ul Hassan Kaukab Al-Tabrezi, Pakistani poet
Mahmud Tarzi, Afghan journalist
Mahmut Tekdemir, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Yıldırım, Kurdish contract killer
Mahmut Yilmaz, German footballer
Mohamad Mahmoed, Netherlands footballer

Surname
Abid Hamid Mahmud, Iraqi general
Ahmad Mahmoud, Iranian novelist
Alessandro Mahmoud, Italian singer
Arif Mehmood, Pakistani footballer
Arshad Mehmood (composer), Pakistani actor and music composer
Arshad Mehmood (singer), Pakistani singer
Faakhir Mehmood, Pakistani singer 
Hasnat Mehmood, Pakistani artist
Karem Mahmoud, Egyptian singer
Kashif Mehmood, Pakistani actor
Khaled Mahmud, Bangladeshi cricketer
Sajid Mahmood, English cricketer
Salim Mehmud, Pakistani rocket scientist
Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood, Pakistani nuclear engineer
Shahid Mahmood, Pakistani cricketer
Rashid Mahmood, Pakistani actor
Tahir Mahmood, Indian jurist
Younis Mahmoud, Iraqi footballer

Animals
Mahmoud (elephant), an elephant associated with the Year of the Elephant in Islamic history
Mahmoud (horse), Epsom Derby winner in 1936

Given names
Kite

For the bird, see kite (bird)

A kite is a flying object that is attached to the ground by a rope, or ropes. Kites can be flown for fun, or in competitions. In India, people fly kites on Makar Sankranti.

History 

Kites come in all shapes and sizes. Kites were created in China about 2,800 years ago. Later they spread into other Asian countries, like (India), Japan and Korea. However, the kite only appeared in Europe around the year 1600

The first kites had sails made of paper or light fabrics such as silk. The poles were made from bamboo sticks, or other strong but flexible woods. The kite line was made from string or twine.

Modern kites are made from synthetic materials, such as ripstop nylon or more exotic fabrics on the sails. They have fiberglass or carbon fiber poles, and use dacron or dyneema for the kite lines.  

Today, there are different types of kites. Some are large and are made to look good. Some are smaller and are made for speed, children and competitions.

Also, there are many different types of kites. The most important types of kite are stunt kites and parafoil kites. However, they can come in a variety of sizes, types and designs.

Inflatable kites are made in an inflatable shape, animal or other design. The inflatable kite is one the few modern inventions in the world of kite design.      

Though the exact origin of kites are not known, it is known that they were flown in China and the Malay Archipelago two to three thousand years ago. The earliest written accounts of kite flying were the exploits of the Chinese general Han Hsin, Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A.D.).
Toys
Sports equipment
University of Portsmouth

The University of Portsmouth is a university in Portsmouth. It was started as the Portsmouth and Gosport School of Science and the Arts in 1869, and gained university status in 1992.

Portsmouth has been rated as the 5th best modern university in the UK by The Times Good University Guide.

References

Other websites
University of Portsmouth – The University of Portsmouth official website.
University of Portsmouth Students' Union (UPSU) – The University of Portsmouth Students' Union official website.
Pure FM  – The University of Portsmouth student radio official website.

Portsmouth
Portsmouth
Winchester Cathedral

Winchester Cathedral is a mediaeval Anglican church in Winchester, Hampshire. It is the seat of the Bishop of Winchester.

The cathedral has the longest nave and overall length of any Gothic cathedral in Europe.  By contrast, the interior height of the nave vault at 78 feet is about half that of Beauvais Cathedral in France.

Architecture 
Built between 1079 and 1532, Winchester Cathedral has had an unusual architectural history. The exterior, apart from the modified windows, gives the impression of a massive Norman building and indeed, when first completed, the Norman Cathedral was second only in size to Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. However, the west front is now Perpendicular, with its huge window filled with fragments of medieval glass. Sadly this glass window was destroyed by the Roundheads.They also messed up the bones of some of the most important rulers. Inside, only the crypt and the transepts have retained their Norman appearance. The spectacular Perpendicular nave with its tall arcade arches and strong vertical emphasis has been literally carved out of the original Norman interior. The Very Rev. Norman Sykes wrote of it “Well might the visitor who enters … by the west door gasp with amazement". Winchester is also famous for its carved wooden fittings of many different periods.

Events
Important events which took place at Winchester Cathedral include:   
    
Funeral of King Harthacanute (1042)
Funeral of King William II of England (1100)
Coronation of Henry the Young King and his queen, Marguerite (1172)
Second coronation of Richard I of England (1194)
Marriage of King Henry IV of England and Joanna of Navarre (1403)
Marriage of Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain (1554)
Funeral and burial of Jane Austen (1817)

Related pages
 English Gothic architecture
 Romanesque architecture
 Church of England

References

Other websites 

 Official website
 Virtual tour 
 Thirty images of Winchester Cathedral with descriptions

Cathedrals in England
Anglican Cathedrals
Winchester