cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Pondicherry

Pondicherry is the capital of the Indian union territory of Puducherry. It is also known as Puducherry since 2006.

Capital cities in India
Settlements in Puducherry
Enya

Enya (born Eithne Patricia Ní Bhraonáin on 17 May 1961 in Gweedore, County Donegal, Ireland) is an Irish singer. She is famous for hits such as Orinoco Flow (1988) and Anywhere Is (1995).
She has also won four Grammy Awards and has become one of the world's most successful female singers. Her vocal range is mezzo-soprano.

She grew up speaking the Irish language, and did not speak English until she attended primary school.

Her first works were soundtracks for The Frog Prince movie by David Puttman and The Celts documentary by BBC.

Enya is very popular and has sold more than 75 million albums worldwide. Her best selling album is A Day Without Rain (2000).

Albums
Enya has recorded the following albums:
 Enya (1987)
 Watermark (1988)
 Shepherd Moons (1991)
 The Celts (1992)
 The Memory of Trees (1995)
 Paint the Sky With Stars (1997)
 A Day Without Rain (2000)
 Amarantine (2005)
 And Winter Came (2008)
 Dark Sky Island (2015)

She has also recorded music for the following movie soundtracks:
 The Frog Prince (1985)
 The Celts (1987)
 Far And Away (1992)
 Toys (1992)
 The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)

Related pages
 Clannad

References 

1961 births
Living people
Grammy Award winners
Irish singers
Mezzo-sopranos
New Age music
People from County Donegal
Downing Street

Downing Street is a street in London. It is close to Whitehall and Buckingham Palace. The official residences of the two most senior Government ministers are here. These are the Prime Minister, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. 

Downing Street is a few minutes' walk from the Houses of Parliament. The street was built in the 1680s by Sir George Downing, 1st Baronet (1632–1689) on the site of a mansion called Hampden House. The Prime Minister, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Chief Whip all have official residences in buildings along one side of the street. The houses on the other side were all replaced by the Foreign Office in the nineteenth century.

Related pages

 10 Downing Street

Buildings and structures in London
1680s establishments in Europe
17th-century establishments in England
Armenian illuminated manuscript

Armenian illuminated manuscripts are a form of artwork in the Byzantine tradition. They come from between the 5th century and the 13th century. They can include prayer rolls, the Mugni Gospels, and the Echmiadzin Gospels.

Other websites
 Matenadaran site
 Armenian manuscripts at Armenica.org

Illuminated manuscripts
Armenian culture
Alcatraz Island

Alcatraz Island (sometimes just called Alcatraz or The Rock) is a small island in San Francisco Bay in California. It was first a lighthouse, then a military fort, then a military prison, and finally a federal prison. In 1969, it became a museum.

The name Alcatraz comes from the original Spanish name of the island, Isla de los alcatraces (Island of the pelicans).  It was given that name when a Spanish explorer, Juan Manuel de Ayala, noticed the great amount of pelicans roosting on the island. 

The famous Alcatraz prison opened in August 1934 and closed on 21 March 1963. At first, the island served as a war prison for confederate soldiers during the Civil War. At the turn of the century, it would become the most famous and posthumously, most infamous prison in American history. Some of the most famous inmates at Alcatraz are Al Capone and Machine Gun Kelly.  The prison was eventually shut down in 1963 after the State of California and the US Congress agreed that it costs too much to run. Soon after, Native American Indians used the prison and the island for a huge protest in favor for Native American rights.  After being kicked out from the grounds, the prison was vacated and was never used again.

People still love to go see the prison. It draws in millions into the San Francisco area. People enjoy the tales of possible ghost encounters on the prison grounds. It has been a huge haunting site because spirits are said to have left behind wandering the prison. 

Alcatraz Island is one of many islands in the San Francisco Bay area.

References

Other websites

Islands of the United States
Landmarks in San Francisco
Prisons
Museums in California
1963 establishments in California
Illuminated manuscript

An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript where text is decorated by things like initials, borders and miniature illustrations. Most of them were made in Europe in the Middle Agss, and some are from the Renaissance.

Related pages
Armenian illuminated manuscript
Manuscript

A manuscript is any document that is written by hand, not printed or made in some other way. The early history of writing is intimately connected with the history of writing materials, of which the manuscript is one. Early printing made use of many ideas which developed in the era of manuscripts.

References 

Manuscripts
Matenadaran

Mesrop Mashtots' Matenadaran Institute of Ancient Manuscripts in Yerevan, Armenia, is one of the richest depositories of manuscripts and books in the world.

Armenian culture
Yerevan
Manuscripts
Blue Mosque, Yerevan

The Blue Mosque () is a mosque in Yerevan, Armenia. It was built in 1766 during the reign of Huseyn Ali.

Yerevan
Buildings and structures in Armenia
Mosques
1766 establishments
235 BC

Year 235 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Roman Republic 
 In Rome, the consul Titus Manlius Torquatus does the first ever closing of the gates of the Temple of Janus, signifying peace.

Asia Minor 
 Under King Attalus I, Pergamum begins to build up its power and importance.

Greece 
 Aratus of Sicyon brings Megalopolis into the Achaean League.
 The ephor, Lysander, says he has seen a sign from the gods against King Leonidas II of Sparta. Leonidas runs away to avoid his trial. While he is away, Leonidas is removed from the throne and replaced by his son-in-law, Cleomenes III.

By topic

Literature 
 A work by the Latin epic poet and dramatist Gnaeus Naevius is performed for the first time.

235 BC
302 BC



Events
 Following their agreement to work together to defeat Antigonus, Seleucus invades Asia Minor from Babylonia, while Ptolemy attacks Syria and Lysimachus moves into the western part of Asia Minor.
 Docimus, the regent of Phrygia, and Phoenix, the strategos of Lycia, desert Antigonus.
 The Macedonian general, Philetaerus, moves his allegiance from Antigonus to Antigonus' rival, Lysimachus. In return, Lysimachus makes Philetaerus guardian of the fortress of Pergamum with its treasure of some 9,000 talents.
San Marino City

San Marino is the capital of the tiny nation of San Marino. It is the third largest city in the country, after Dogana and Borgo Maggiore.

National capitals in Europe
Municipalities of San Marino
Fort Worth, Texas

Fort Worth is the fifth largest city in Texas. It is the 16th largest city in the United States. It has gotten so big that it has overlapped the next biggest city next to it, Dallas, Texas. Because of this, the area is often referred to as Dallas/Ft. Worth, or DFW. 

Fort Worth is the county seat of Tarrant County. Texas Motor Speedway is also in Fort Worth.

There are a few interesting landmarks in Fort Worth. One is Sundance Square, a popular place to enjoy in downtown. Another is West 7th, an entertainment destination. At last, there is the Fort Worth Stockyards, where rodeos are held.

Images

 
1873 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Texas
County seats in Texas
Akdamar Island

Akdamar Island (also known as Aghtamar, Ahktamar, and Aght'amar; Armenian: Աղթամար, Kurdish: Axtamar) is a small island in Lake Van in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey.

Other websites 
 The Surp Hach (Saint Cross) church on Akhtamar Island

Islands of Turkey
Armenian Apostolic Churches
Gandzasar monastery

The Gandzasar monastery (Armenian: Գանձասար) is an Armenian monastery in Nagorno-Karabakh, in the Mardakert region, near the village of Vank. Gandzasar means "treasure mountain" in Armenian.

Notes

Churches in Armenia
Armenian Apostolic Churches
Deportation

Deportation, means the removal of someone from a country. People may be deported from a country for many reasons. For example, one may be deported from a country if he has got into the country illegally, or without a visa (permission).

Deportation can also happen inside a country. A person or a group of people may be forced to move to a different part of the country, as a punishment.

Related pages
Ethnic cleansing

Forced migration
Law
912

912 (CMXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events
 May 11 – Alexander becomes Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

November 23-Otto I the Great
Vahe

Vahe was a legendary king of Armenia (351 BC–331 BC). He was the last offspring of the Hyke dynasty. He revolted against Alexander the Great and fought a war for Darius the Great of Persia.

References

Monarchs of Armenia
Rhadamistus

Rhadamistus (other names Ghadam or Radamisto) was an Iberian prince who reigned in Armenia from 51 to 53 and 54 to 55 CE. 

Monarchs of Armenia

la:Radamisto
Construction

Construction is the process of erection or assembly of any building or infrastructure on a site. In general, there are three types of construction:

 Building construction
 Heavy/civil construction
 Industrial construction

Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. Industrial construction, though a relatively small part of the entire construction industry, is a very important component.

History
The first buildings were huts and shelters, constructed by hand or with simple tools. As cities grew during the Bronze Age, a class of professional craftsmen appeared. Occasionally, slaves were used for construction work. In the Middle Ages, these were organized into guilds. In the 19th century, steam-powered machinery appeared, and later diesel- and electric powered vehicles such as cranes, excavators and bulldozers.

Modern construction is consistently made of materials such as glass, steel, concrete and bricks. So it is easy to build simple forms like simple cubic forms. The new style of architecture is based on the economic basic principle:
 Social economics: The need to build houses results in having  too many houses to build and to create fewer special houses. Decorations and ornaments were not important.
 Constructive economics: The reduction of needing points and areas allows new possibilities. That results in more free forms with the same work.
 Stylistic economics: The houses represent universality and objectivity and they are a product of art.

Related pages
 Architecture
 Building code
 Project management
 Civil Engineering

Other websites
Infrastructure

Infrastructure is the term used to describe the facilities which support modern human life.

These are the main items: water supply, sewage plants, housing, roads, cable networks, food supply facilities, schools, hospitals, airports, community meeting places, business and government buildings, bridges, railways. In fact, everything that modern life needs in the way of built facilities.

Infrastructure is closely connected with standard of living and overpopulation.  More people will want more roads, water pipes and other infrastructure. Poor countries tend to have fast population growth and cannot provide the needed infrastructure. Standard of living drops and this may lead to other problems like worsening health, exposure to plague and difficult access of emergency units to those that need it.

Civil engineering
 
Architecture
Planning
Ceremony

A ceremony is an activity performed at a special time usually with according seriousness. Ceremonies may be done to celebrate an event or rite of passage.  Other important ceremonies include  the tea ceremony in Asian cultures, 

A ceremony may mark a rite of passage in a person's job or life, showing how important it is. Examples:
 initiation
 graduation
 marriage
 funeral

Other ceremonies may mark yearly events like:
 vernal equinox
 winter solstice
 occasions in a Christian calendar

Government ceremonies 
Sometimes, a ceremony may only be done by certain people. A wedding is done by a priest or a Civil Celebrant. The President of the United States is sworn in by the Chief Justice of the United States at his or her inauguration. The British monarch is usually made king or queen by the Archbishop of Canterbury at his or her coronation.

Related pages 

 Ritual

Ceremonies
Kirk Kerkorian

Kerkor "Kirk" Kerkorian (June 6, 1917 – June 15, 2015) was an Armenian-American 
billionaire, and president/CEO of Tracinda Corporation, his private holding company based in Beverly Hills, California.

Kerkorian is known as one of the important figures in shaping the city of Las Vegas, Nevada.

1917 births
2015 deaths
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Chemical property

In chemistry, a property is any aspect of a substance which is only seen by means of a chemical reaction. Simply speaking, chemical properties cannot be determined just by viewing or touching the substance. This is different from a physical property, which can be discovered without changing the substance's chemical structure. 

Usually a chemical property is discovered by changing the substance's internal structure. When a substance goes under a chemical reaction, the properties will change drastically, resulting in chemical change. However, a catalytic property would also be a chemical property.

Chemical properties can be used for building chemical classifications. They can be used to identify an unknown substance or to separate or purify it from other substances.

Examples of chemical properties 
 reactivity
 toxicity
 coordination number
 flammability
 enthalpy of formation
 heat of combustion
 oxidation states
 chemical stability
 Viscosity
 Electronic configuration
 Boiling point

Chemistry
Bass drum

A bass drum is a type of musical instrument called a drum. It is a large drum, makes low sounds, and is frequently used in the common drum kit.

Drums
Drum kit

A drum kit (or drum set or trap set) is a collection of drums, cymbals, and other percussion instruments that is used by a drummer in a musical group.

Setup 
A normal drum kit consists of the following:
 Bass drum - The largest drum, which is also called a kick drum. It is struck with a hammer that is moved by one's foot.
 Snare drum - A drum with small cables of metal wires stretched across the bottom to make the loud "tat" sound. It can also make a "click" sound if hit in a special way.
 Tom Toms - Often simply called "toms", there are usually two of these drums across the top of the kit. To the drummer's left (if he/she is right-handed) is the high tom that makes a higher sound; on the other side is the medium or middle tom with a slightly lower sound, depending on the tuning. Sizes tend to range between 10 and 13 inches. The number and positioning varies by the drummer; some drummers have several toms on their kit, such as an 8-inch tom giving an even higher sound (often used in jazz drumming).
 Floor Tom - Usually placed to the right of the drummer, this is a tom that has its own legs or stand and produces a lower note than the other toms (usually the second lowest after the bass drum). Sizes tend to range between 14 and 18 inches.
 Hi-hat - Two cymbals, usually the same size, that can be pushed together (closed) with a pedal. They can be hit with a drumstick. This sound varies if the hi-hat open, closed, and in-between positions. Another way to play it is to clap the cymbals together with the pedal. The hi-hats are the most important cymbals on the kit, and are often used for detailed timing. Some drummers have more than one hi-hat setup around their kit.
 Crash Cymbal - A cymbal that makes a loud "crash" sound. The sound of a crash cymbal varies by brand and product line. The number of crash cymbals depends on the drummer's personal taste and need for the style of music being played. Crash cymbals are very often used to mark the start of a new section of a song.
 Ride Cymbal - A large, heavy cymbal that, typically, makes a light, airy sound, named from the fact that the drummer can "ride on it" or keep time on it. It is often used an alternative to the hi-hat. The middle of the ride cymbal is called the bell, and it makes a "ping" sound if hit.

Other cymbals and drums can be added to the setup for a wider range of sounds like the Splash, a small cymbal around 10"/25 cm giving a distinct crash sound with a quick decay, or a China cymbal, that gives an "oriental feel" to beats, rhythms, solos and fills. The latter is much like a crash cymbal popped inside out with the screw and sponge holding it to the stand inside it, so it has a shallow bowl shape.

The drummer can do other things to the kit, such as attach a tambourine to the spine of the hi-hat, so when he/she puts his/her foot down on the pedal or hits it with a drumstick, the drummer gets the tambourine sound at the same time. Cymbals can also have rivets inserted into them to give them a 'sizzling' sound, or a cowbell can be attached to the top of the bass drum between the snare and floor tom to use in fills, solos, grooves, etc.

Drums
Drum stick

A drum stick or drumstick is a wooden stick that is used to hit percussion instruments to make sound. 
There are many kinds of drumsticks. Some sticks are made for certain instruments. For instance, a drum kit stick may look very different from a snare drum stick. Weight, length, and tip size are all altering factors in a stick. 

Some drums, such as bongo drums, use no drumstick.

Drums
Khachkar

A Khachkar or Khatchkar ("Խաչքար" in Armenian, meaning "cross-stone", pronounced as ) is a carved memorial stone found in Armenia.

It has a crucifix or cross, with a rosette or sun circle below it. Other parts can be filled with patterns of leaves, grapes or knots. Sometimes it has a ledge at the top with saints' or characters from the bible.

Much of the time a khachkar is put up for religious reasons such as the salvation of the soul of a living or a dead person. They have also been removed for other reasons, such as to show a military win, building of a new church, or as a protection from natural disasters.

Most Khachkars are in graveyards. But Armenian gravestones take many other forms, and only a small are khatchkars.

Gallery

Other websites 
 Khachkar.am
 Khatchkar collection at Armenica.org

Armenian culture
Monuments and memorials
Back Dorm Boys

Back Dorm Boys () are two Chinese people who have made several well known spoof music videos in 2006. Their name comes from their lip sync video of the Backstreet Boys' song "As Long As You Love Me". They are often called the "Back Dormitory Boys". Their spoof music videos have been selected by Motorola China to promote mobile phones. The two members of the Back Dorm Boys are 韦炜 (Wei Wei) and 黄艺馨 (Huang Yi Xin). They were university students at Guangzhou Arts Institute (广州美术学院) majoring in sculpture. Their videos were very famous in China. The became very famous around the world after the videos were shown on YouTube.

Chinese people
Comedy
Musical groups
Nattō

Natto ( (hiragana), 納豆 (kanji); nattō or nattou) is a traditional Japanese food made by fermenting soybeans. Natto is known for its strong musty smell and unusual slimy texture, which yields mucous-like (or sticky) strings when stirred and eaten. In order to mediate some of the strong flavors, it is usually eaten on top of rice with mentsuyu, a soy sauce-based condiment, or Japanese mustard to their liking. Eating Natto as a custom is not so popular in Kansai area. Whether it is popular or not depends on regions in Japan.

Types 
There are many kinds of Natto. First, Natto is classified under two types of Natto, Itohiki Natto and Ji Natto. Also Itohiki Natto has three kinds of Natto, Marudaizu Natto, Hikiwari Natto, and Goto Natto. We usually eat Marudaizu Natto and Hikiwari Natto.

Availability 

Natto may be bought in stores in Styrofoam boxes. Sometimes, they come with a mustard packet and a packet of tsuyu to eat with the natto.

Preparation 

Although it is not customary to cook natto, natto may be prepared in food items like sushi or donburi. Donburi is any Japanese dish served with rice in a bowl. Natto can be made into a donburi by adding natto and other items like tuna or egg to rice inside a bowl. "Nattojiru" is what people add natto to miso soup as a seasoning. Also Natto is used for topping when we eat Soba, Udon, Spaghetti, Okonomiyaki and so on.

Spices, and Condiments. 
In general, soy sauce, tsuyu, karashi mustard is used, but some people use egg, leek, Japanese ginger, Grated radish, laver, okra, and etc.

References 

Japanese food
Kichijōji

is a neighborhood in the city of Musashino in Tokyo, Japan. It has an important commercial activity, with many shops, restaurant and cultural activities, mostly north of its railway station.

Kichijōji also has some famous landmarks. Inokashira Park, for example, is in the south part of the district, and is a favorite place for springtime hanami, or to see cherry-blossoms. The Kanda River (神田川) begins to flow from this park. The Seikei University (成蹊大学), one of Tokyo's biggest private universities, is in the northwestern area of the neighborhood.

Other websites 

 Kichijoji travel information at Wikivoyage

Tokyo Prefecture
Udon

is a type of thick, wheat-based noodle popular in Japanese cuisine.

Udon is most often served hot as a noodle soup in a mild, salty broth. Its simplest form is called kake udon. This consists only of dashi stock, soy sauce (shōyu), mirin, and udon noodles. Different things can be put on top of the soup as toppings. Often thinly cut scallions are used, along with other common toppings such as kamaboko, prawn or vegetable tempura, some spices, and wakame.

The flavor of the broth and toppings, as well as even noodle texture and thickness, is different from region to region. Usually, dark brown broth made from dark soy sauce (koikuchi shōyu) is common in eastern Japan. Light brown broth made from light soy sauce (usukuchi shōyu) is common in western Japan. However, many other regional types exist outside of just broth color and mainly vary in toppings used.

Kagawa Prefecture is famous for using udon as a staple food.

Types 
 Tempura Udon (topped with tempura such as prawn and squid)
 Tororo Udon (served with grated yam on top) 
 Kitsune Udon (topped with deep-fried bean curd)
 Tikara Udon (topped with rice cake)
 Curry Udon (Udon soup is curry,which contains dashi)
 Niku Udon (topped with beef that has been seasoned with mirin and sugar)
 Tanuki Udon (topped with agedama)
 Kamatama Udon (raw egg in boiled udons)
 Bukkake Udon (consists of noodle soup)
 Kamaage Udon (to eat without tighten the boiled noodles)
 Tamagotoji Udon (udon closed with egg)
 Tsukimi Udon (topped with raw egg)
 Nabeyaki Udon (noodles braised in a pan with many toppings)
 Yaki Udon (seasoned baked noodles in a sauce)
 Nabe Udon (to eat with vegetables in a pan)
 Zaru udon  (cold udon on zaru)

Definition 
According to JAS (Japanese Agricultural Standard), to be udon, a round noodle's diameter has to be over 1.7 mm and a flat noodle's width over 1.7 mm. Udon dough is made from wheat flour and salt.

Noodles
Japanese food
Hachiōji, Tokyo

is a Japanese city in  on the island of Honshu.   It is about 40 kilometers west of the center of the 23 special wards of Tokyo. The city is the 8th biggest city around the Tokyo metropolitan area. It is the 24th largest city in Japan.

History
Hachiōji officially became a city on September 1, 1917, but it has been an important point on the Kōshū Highway, the main road that connected Edo (the old name of Tokyo) with Western Japan since before modern times, especially during the Edo period. For a short period of time, a castle, Hachiōji Castle (八王子城; Hachiōji-jō) was in the area. It was made in 1584 by Hōjō Ujiteru (北条氏照), but was soon broken in war by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1590. In the Meiji period, Hachiōji grew larger because of silk and silk textiles. However, the industry became less popular in the 1960s. Today, Hachiōji is home for many Tokyo workers.

In Hachioji, there are about 20 colleges and universities, including Takushoku University.

Geography
There are 3 mountains around Hachioji.

References

Other websites

 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Tokyo Prefecture
Nerima, Tokyo

Nerima is one of the 23 special wards in Tokyo, Japan.

The municipality calls itself "Nerima City" in English.

Nerima is called "the town of animation" because the earliest  anime businesses started up in the area.

History
On 1 August 1947, the ward of Nerima was formed by separating from the ward of Itabashi.

Geography
Nerima is a western ward. It borders Nakano and Suginami on the south.  Musashino and Nishitokyo are on the ward's western border. Saitamo Prefecture is on the northern border. Itabashi and Toshima are on the west.

There is a long river in Nerima.

Related pages 
 List of special wards of Tokyo
 Capital of Japan

References

Other websites

 Nerima website 
 Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Special wards 

Wards of Tokyo
Settlements in Tokyo Prefecture
1947 establishments in Japan
Suginami, Tokyo

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan.

The municipality calls itself "Suginami City" in English.

Geography
Suginami is in the western part of Tokyo's special wards. It is next to Setagaya to the south. Its western neighbors are the cities of Mitaka and Musashino. Nerima is on the northern border. Nakano is to the east.

The Kanda river runs through the ward.

Related pages 
 List of special wards of Tokyo
 Capital of Japan

References

Other websites

 http://www2.city.suginami.tokyo.jp/life/english.htm , http://www2.city.suginami.tokyo.jp/life/japan.htm 
 Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Special wards 
 Suginami Animation Museum 

Wards of Tokyo
Settlements in Tokyo Prefecture
Higashi-Nagasaki Station

Higashi-Nagasaki Station is the railway station of the Seibu-Ikebukuro line in Toshima Ward, Tokyo, Japan.
The station is near the "Ikebukuro" station that is center of Tokyo. Only local train stops this station. Limited express, rapid express, semi express and rapid train pass this station. The next station of this station to east is "Shinamachi". The next station of this station to west is "Ekoda".

The area near the Higashi-nagasaki station is named "Nagasaki", but Nagasaki and Nagasaki Prefecture in Kyushu are not related. "Nagasaki" in Toshima Ward is located in east Japan. So this station's name have "Higashi"(means "east") to distinguish between this station and Nagasaki station in Kyushu.

Railway stations in Tokyo
Sagamihara, Kanagawa

Sagamihara (, Sagamihara-shi?) is a city in Japan. It is in north central Kanagawa Prefecture, bordering Tokyo, Japan. It is the third most populous city in the prefecture, after Yokohama and Kawasaki. 

The main areas of commercial activity in Sagamihara are around Hashimoto Station on the JR Yokohama Line and Keio Sagamihara Line, Sagamihara Station on the JR Yokohama Line, and Sagami-Ōno Station on the Odakyu Odawara Line.

Cities in Kanagawa Prefecture
Aomori, Aomori

is the capital city of Aomori Prefecture, Japan.

It is southwest of the town of Hiranai. It is a coastal city, and is near the Mutsu-wan (陸奥湾). It has been recognized as a core city since 2006.

Geography

Surrounding municipalities
 Aomori Prefecture
 Fujisaki
 Goshogawara
 Hirakawa
 Hiranai
 Itayanagi
 Kuroishi
 Shichinohe
 Towada
 Yomogita

Demography
According to Japanese census data,

Festivals
The Nebuta festival is one of the most famous festivals in Japan. It takes place at the beginning of August. More than 300,000 people come and see this festival every year.
This festival is called both “Nebuta” and ”Neputa”. In Aomori city, they use the word “Nebuta”, and in Hirosaki city, they use the word “Neputa”.

References

External links
 Official website

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Aomori Prefecture
HM Land Registry

Land Registry or Her Majesty's Land Registry is a United Kingdom government office which started in 1862.  It publicly records interests in land in England and Wales.  It answers to the Ministry of Justice.

Purpose
The office records the owner of land and legal rights over land.  It has recorded about half of the land in England and Wales, and they request owners to record the rest.

Persons make payments to the Land Registry to record land or for copies of the records.  The British Government does not make payments to the Land Registry.

Offices
The Land Registry has 24 offices in England and Wales and a head office at Lincoln’s Inn Fields in London, England.  It wants to shut the offices in York and Harrow.

The head of the Land Registry is called the Chief Land Registrar and Chief Executive.

History
In 1857 a government committee said there should be a record of land.  The Land Registry started after the Land Registry Act 1862.  The failure of this law led to a new law in 1875.  But this law was also a failure because persons could decide if they wanted to record their land, and most persons decided not to.  In 1897 a new law forced persons in London to record their land when they sold it.  Step by step this law was applied to the rest of England and Wales by 1990.  A new law – the Land Registration Act 2002 – modernised the law and made possible the electronic sale of land.

Other websites 

 Land Registry website
 Registers of Scotland website 

Departments of the United Kingdom Government
Government agencies of the United Kingdom
1862 establishments in the United Kingdom
Yamuna

The Yamuna (), sometimes called Jamuna (, , ) or Jumna, is a major river in North India. It is the largest branch of a bigger river called the Ganges. It is 1370 km long. It begins at the Yamunotri, which is in the Himalayas. It goes through the Indian states of Delhi, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. At the end, it flows into the Ganges. Rivers that come out of the Yamuna include the Tons (the largest of the ones that come out of it), Chambal, Betwa, and Ken.

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of India

Other websites

The Geography of the Rigveda
 Yamuna Action Plan 

Rivers of India
Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad is the largest city in the Gujarat state, in Western India. The city is the administrative centre of Ahmedabad district, and was the capital of Gujarat from 1960 to 1970. The city is located on the banks of the Sabarmati River, and it shares proximity with the Gandhinagar, the newly built state capital.

The city's area is approximately 8,087 sq.k.m and it's total population of District is 7,486,573 (2014).

History 

The city was founded by Sultan Ahmed Shah in 1411 A.D. But, the area around the city has been inhabited since the 11th century when it was known as Ashaval. The city was built on an elevated plain known as Bhadra on the eastern bank of Sabarmati River.

In 1487, the city was fortified with an outer wall 10 km (6.2 mi) in circumference by Mahmud Begada, the grandson of Sultan. The fortification consisted of twelve gates, 189 bastions and over 6,000 battlements.

In 1573, the city was annexed by the Mughal Empire. But, in the year 1758, Mughals surrendered the city to Marathas after the brief joint-rule from 1739-44.

Governance 
Since July 1950, the city is governed by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) in urban area and Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority (AUDA) in suburbs area. Both, provides a number of urban services such as water supply, roads construction, sanitation, primary education, city transport etc. In totality,  the administration pf the city is divided into 14 talukas which includes 556 villages, 1 corporation, 1 cantonment area, and 7 municipalities.

Economy 
For a long time, the city has been known for its textile mills and have been dubbed as "Manchester of the East". In 1861, the first textile mill was opened and gradually, the whole sector grew through city's own traditional culture and passion for entrepreneurship. Besides textile, Ahmedabad is also known for being automotive and pharmaceutical manufacturing hub.

Transportation

Railway 
The city is connected with pan-India railway network. It has three stations - Kalupur Station, Maninagar Station and Sabarmati Station. The Kalupur station is in the center of the city which will be convergence point for Ahmedabad Metro, Ahmedabad BRTS, and upcoming high-speed rail system.

Roads 
The city is well connected to the major cities in the state and the country through several national and state highways.

Air 
The city is served by Sardar Vallabbhai Patel International Airport. The airport is located 9 km from city center and also caters the state capital Gandhinagar. It was started in the year 1937 with the inaugural flight Bombay-Ahmedabad-Karachi, piloted by J. R. D. Tata.

References

Other websites 

 Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
 Ahemdabad Collectorate 
 Ahmedabad at Wikimapia
 Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project

Cities in India
Settlements in Gujarat
Dachau, Bavaria

Dachau (German pronunciation: [ˈdaxaʊ]; Bavarian: Dochau) is a city in the south of Germany, about  north-west of Munich. It has about 40,000 inhabitants. The town contains a historic town centre with an 18th century castle.

Dachau was founded in the 8th century. In 1933, a concentration camp was built in Dachau. It was the first camp of the Nazis and became the prototype for all other camps. More than 30,000 prisoners died, or were killed.

References

Other websites

 Town Web site 

Dachau (district)
Odonata

The Odonata are an order of flying insects, the dragonflies and damselflies.

Like most of the flying insects (flies, beetles, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera), they evolved in the early Mesozoic era. Their prototypes, the  giant dragonflies of the Carboniferous, 325 mya, are no longer put in the Odonata. These are now called Protodonata or Meganisoptera.

The two suborders are easily distinguished:
Dragonflies: they are Anisoptera (= usually larger, eyes together & wings up or out at rest)
Damselflies: they are Zygoptera (= usually smaller, eyes apart & wings along body at rest)

All Odonata have aquatic larvae called 'nymphs', and all of them, larvae and adults, are carnivorous. The adults can land, but rarely walk. Their legs are specialised for catching prey. They are almost entirely insectivorous.

Description 
These insects characteristically have large rounded heads covered mostly by big compound eyes, legs that catch prey (other insects) in flight, two pairs of long, transparent wings that move independently, and long abdomens. They have two ocelli (eye spots) and short antennae. The mouthparts are on the underside of the head and include simple chewing mandibles in the adult.

References

Other websites 

International Journal of Odonatology
Odonata Central
Odonatologica
Worldwide Dragonfly Association
 An unusually good account on YouTube.
Chordophone

A chordophone is any musical instrument which produces sound commonly by vibrating a string or strings stretched between two points.

What most westerners would call string instruments are classified as chordophones (for example, violins, guitars and harps).

String instruments
Will Ferrell

Jonathan William "Will" Ferrell (; born , 1967) is an American Comedian, Impressionist, Actor, Producer, and Writer. He began his successful career as a cast member of Saturday Night Live. He has since appeared in many different movies, such as Blades of Glory, Elf, Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy, Talledega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby, and Old School.

Early life
Ferrell was born in Irvine, California on July 16, 1967. He is the son of Betty Kay (nee Overman), a teacher who taught at Old Mill School elementary school and Santa Ana College, and Roy Lee Ferrell Jr., a musician with The Righteous Brothers. His parents were both natives of Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina, and moved to California in 1964. He has a younger brother named Patrick. When he was 8, his parents divorced. Ferrell said of the divorce: "I was the type of kid who would say, 'Hey, look at the bright side! We'll have two Christmases'."

Filmography

Television work
 Saturday Night Live (cast member from 1995 to 2002)
 Cow and Chicken (1997–2001) (voice in various episodes)
 Saturday Night Live: Presidential Bash 2000 (2000)
 Undeclared (guest star)
 The Oblongs (2001–2002) (voice)
 King of the Hill (voice)
 The Tom Green Show (guest star)
 The Naked Trucker and T-Bones Show (guest star)
 Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway (voiceover and guest)
 Family Guy (voices in various episodes)

References

1967 births
Living people
American voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
People from Irvine, California
Actors from Orange County, California
Comedians from California
Mark Twain Prize recipients
Tritium

Tritium is an isotope of hydrogen, the lightest element. Tritium has one proton and two neutrons. It heavier than ordinary hydrogen or its isotope deuterium. Hydrogen does not have any neutrons, only a proton. The chemical symbol for Tritium is 3H or T.

In nature, tritium is made when cosmic rays hit nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere. Tritium has a half-life of a little more than twelve years, so there is not much in the atmosphere. People make much more tritium in nuclear reactors, so that they can make things from it.

Ways of using tritium 

Tritium is important for nuclear fusion power.  Tritium is added to nuclear bombs to make them more powerful when they explode. 

Tritium is often used with phosphors to make glow in the dark key-rings, and sights on rifles. Tritium makes the phosphors glow because it is radioactively unstable and gives energy to the phosphor so it can make light. Before lots of tritium could be made, people used radium to make things light up but this gave people cancer.

Radioactive decay produces tritium. High levels of tritium were found in 2013 in the Pacific near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant two years after the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

Other websites 
 Tritium -Citizendium 

Hydrogen
Isotopes
Wood fibre

Wood fibres are made of cellulose got from the xylem vessels in plants, especially trees. Other plants providing fibres include straw, bamboo, cotton, hemp, and sugar cane.

Products made from processed plant fibres include paper and textiles.

Fibers
Wood
Professional wrestling

Professional wrestling, pro wrestling is wrestling done as performance art.  It is different from other sports because it is a fixed sport.  It is sometimes known as sports entertainment.

Like other athletes, most wrestlers train each day to maintain their physical condition. They practice for years to learn to execute moves safely while still making them look dangerous. They suffer many injuries, sometimes severe. 

Professional wrestling is done as a show, like a play. Many wrestlers will wrestle in many fights, called matches. They wrestle inside a 'wrestling ring', which is a place with ropes around it. The best wrestlers can win belts, called 'championship titles', to show that they are the best.

Famous stars of the ring include "Gorgeous George" Wagner, Ric Flair, Hulk Hogan, André the Giant, Sting, "Macho Man" Randy Savage, Bret "The Hitman" Hart, Shawn Michaels, The Undertaker, Triple H, Brock Lesnar, Goldberg, Mick Foley, Stone Cold Steve Austin and John Cena.

The United States, Canada, Mexico, and Japan and the United Kingdom are countries that have a lot of professional wrestling events.  The biggest company of professional wrestling is WWE (World Wrestling Entertainment).  Once a year, they have a big wrestling event called WrestleMania.  Professional wrestling can be seen both in the audience of an arena or on television.

References

Other websites 

 Wrestling Training Online Site 
 ProWrestlingHistory.com
 The Pro Wrestling Wiki
Monaco-Ville

Monaco-Ville is the original fortified town of Monaco.

Other websites 
 Monaco-Ville information 

Monaco
Hıdırlık Tower

Hıdırlık Tower is a landmark tower of tawny stone in Antalya, Turkey, where Kaleiçi meets Karaalioglu Park.

The tower is at the south side of the place, where the land walls of the city join the sea walls. The 14m high tower consists a circular tower rising on a quadratic pedestal. The tower's gate at the eastern side goes to a small room, from where a narrow staircase goes up. There was some restoration work on the upper part done in the Seljuk and Ottoman eras.

Around the Hıdırlık Tower is many cafés and restaurants also a view of the Gulf of Antalya.

Fortification
Towers in Asia
Buildings and structures in Turkey
Mesa, Arizona

Mesa is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona and part of the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metropolitan Area. It is the 38th largest city in the United States of America. It was settled by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in January 1878.

Education 

CAE Global Academy Phoenix

References

 
1878 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Arizona Territory
Tucson, Arizona

Tucson is a city in Arizona, United States. It is the seat of Pima County. It is 118 miles (188 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 miles (98 km) north of the Mexican border. It is where the shooting of senator Gabrielle Giffords took place. Arizona has many deserts. It is visited by many people to escape cold weather. Tucson has a population of 531,641 as of 2015 and is the second populated city in Arizona behind Phoenix. The city has a mean elevation of 2,400 feet. The climate of Tucson is a arid desert climate with very hot summers and mild winters. The monsoon occurs in mid June and ends around late September in the Tucson area.

References

Other websites 
Official government website 

 
County seats in Arizona
Arlington, Texas

Arlington is a city in Tarrant County, Texas, United States. It is in the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan area.

Arlington has AT&T Stadium,   Globe Life Field, Texas Live, Six Flags, the United States Bowling Congress Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region IV and American Mensa.

Famous people from Arlington 
Maren Morris (1990-), singer

References

Other websites 

 City's Official Website
Tarrant County, Texas

Tarrant County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 1,809,034 people lived there. The county seat is Fort Worth, and in 2012, 777,992 people lived there, making it the largest city in the county. The second largest city in the county is Arlington, where 375,600 people live.

Geography 
The county has a total area of 902 square miles.

Places

Cities 
 Arlington
 Bedford
 Benbrook
 Blue Mound
 Colleyville
 Dalworthington Gardens
 Euless
 Everman
 Forest Hill
 Haltom City
 Hurst
 Keller
 Kennedale
 Lake Worth
 North Richland Hills
 Pelican Bay
 Richland Hills
 River Oaks
 Saginaw
 Sansom Park
 Watauga
 Westworth Village
 White Settlement

Towns 
 Edgecliff Village
 Flower Mound (mostly in Denton County)
 Lakeside
 Pantego
 Trophy Club (mostly in Denton County)
 Westlake (small part in Denton County)
 Westover Hills

References

Other websites
Tarrant County official website 

Texas counties
Spectrophotometer

A spectrophotometer measures either the amount of light reflected from a sample object or the amount of light that is absorbed by the sample object. Spectrophotometry is the quantity based study of electromagnetic spectra.

Design

In short, the sequence of events in a modern spectrophotometer is as follows:
 The light source shines on the sample.
 A fraction of the light is transmitted or reflected from the sample
 The light from the sample is directed to the entrance slit of the monochromator
 The monochromator separates the wavelengths of light and focuses each of them onto the photodetector sequentially.

There are two kinds of spectrophotometers: single beam and double beam. A double beam spectrophotometer compares the light intensity between two light paths. One path containing a reference sample, the other holding the test sample. A single beam spectrophotometer measures the relative light intensity of the beam before and after a test sample is inserted. A double beam machine makes comparison readings easier and more stable. But a single beam machine can have measure a wider range of light frequencies. Single beam machines have simple optical systems and are more compact. When the spectrophotometer is built into another device (like microscopes or telescopes) only single beam machines will work.

Many older spectrophotometers must be calibrated by a procedure known as "zeroing." The absorbancy of a reference substance is set as a baseline value, so the absorbancies of all other substances are recorded relative to the initial "zeroed" substance. The spectrophotometer then displays % absorbancy (the amount of light absorbed relative to the initial substance).

Spectrophotometers can also measure luminescence.  For example, the machine can shine ultraviolet light of one frequency on the sample. This will excite the sample and make it glow. The detectors can then measure the light glowing from the sample at a different frequency.

References

Spectroscopy
Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate are Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Related pages
 Eastern Orthodox Church
 Eastern Christianity

Other websites 
 The official web site of the Moscow Patriarchate
 The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia

 
988 establishments
Establishments in Russia
Form

Form (Lat. forma Eng. mould), refers to the external three-dimensional outline, appearance or configuration of some thing - in contrast to the matter or content or substance of which it is mainly composed (compare with shape).

Geometry
Martiros Saryan

Martiros Saryan (, February 28, 1880 – 5 May 1972) was a Russian-born Armenian painter.

He was born into an Armenian family in Nor Nakhijevan (now part of Russia). In 1895, he was 15, he finished the Nakhichevan school and from 1897 to 1904 learned at the Moscow School of Arts, also in the workshops of Valentin Serov and Konstantin Korovin. He was heavily influenced by the work of Paul Gauguin and Henri Matisse. He showed his works in various shows.

Quotes 
Nature's ways are wonderful and unfathomable. The grain swells in the soil, the sprout grows and flowers when the time comes and then it bears new fruit and so does not die. We are like grain. We never die because we are One with Nature. To understand this is to comprehend Immortality--the Apotheosis of the Human Race. It is with this conviction that I have lived my Life. My Life is a store of my experience, a Life of aspirations, sorrows, joys and triumphs. (M. Saryan)

References

Other websites 
 Martiros Saryan 

1880 births
1972 deaths

Russian painters
Armenian artists
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Library of Congress

The Library of Congress is the de facto national library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress.

The head of the Library is the Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden.

Roles
The primary function of the Library of Congress is to serve the Congress. The Library welcomes public use of its general reference facilities and endeavors to offer the widest possible use of its collections consistent with their preservation and with its obligation to serve the Congress and other government agencies.The Library of Congress is the largest library in the world, with millions of books, recordings, photographs, newspapers, maps and manuscripts in its collections. The Library is the main research arm of the U.S. Congress and the home of the U.S. Copyright Office.Libraries are important cornerstones of a healthy community. ... College students often use the library when they are home for the weekend or for holidays. And the reference resources in public libraries are usually unavailable elsewhere in the community. The library is a unique and valuable resource.

Gallery

References

Other websites 
 The Library of Congress website

Buildings and structures in Washington, D.C.
Libraries in the United States
National libraries
1800 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Washington, D.C.