Arthur Miller

Arthur Miller (October 17, 1915 – February 10, 2005) was an American playwright. His best known plays are All My Sons, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible. He also wrote for the movie The Misfits while married to Marilyn Monroe. She acted in this movie.

Early life 
Arthur Miller's family was a rich Jewish family from New York City. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, his family's business was forced to close down and they lost all their money. Because Miller wanted to go to university, he had to work in a warehouse. He studied economics and history at the University of Michigan as well as working for the school newspaper which helped him learn how to write plays. He married Mary Slattery in 1940.

Influence on his writing
In Miller’s childhood, his family had money issues. Due to the fact that he experienced the whole situation with his family, his writings have been influenced a lot, he often includes the theme of financial problems which is a result of everything he had seen as a child. Another thing that influenced him a lot was Greek literature. Miller once said that he liked to read Greek literature for ideas to write about. The readers are able to see it in his writing style and the element he uses in his writing.

Plays 
In 1936 his very first play, No Villain, was produced and gained a huge success. The play even won him a Hopwood Award and people started to get to know him. In 1944, Miller had his first play in the theater on Broadway in New York City, called The Man Who Had All the Luck. Not many people liked it so this play was stopped after one week. However, three years later, his play All My Sons became very popular. This play won the Pulitzer Prize for drama. In 1949, he wrote Death of a Salesman, a story about the American Dream, it addresses the loss of identity and a man who's unable to accept change within himself and society. In 1953, he wrote The Crucible, a story about the Salem Witch Trials. He wrote this because of the McCarthyism of the 1950s, the fear that communism would take over America. A few years later, Miller was blamed for being a communist himself. He had to answer questions from the House Un-American Activities Committee, a group that Senator Joseph McCarthy made.

Screen plays 
 The Crucible (1953)
 Death of a Salesman (1985)
 The Hook (1947)
 Playing for Time 1980
 Mr. Peters' Connections (1998)

Fiction 
 Focus (1945)
 I Don't Need You Anymore (1967)
 The Misfits (1961)

Personal life and death

Miller was an atheist.

In 1956, Miller divorced Mary Slattery so he could marry the actress Marilyn Monroe. During this marriage, he wrote for the movie The Misfits. Monroe acted in this movie. After five years of marriage, Monroe divorced him.

The following year, Miller married again. The photographer Inge Morath was his third wife, and they were together until she died in 2002. They had two children.

His son, Daniel, was born with Down Syndrome. Miller put him in a hospital and did not want to see him again. His daughter, Rebecca, who married actor Daniel Day-Lewis, asked Miller several times to contact his hospitalised son.

In 1964, Miller produced the play After The Fall that talks about the marriage with Marilyn Monroe. Later on, during the mid 1990s, he wrote three new plays, including The Ride Down Mt. Morgan, The Last Yankee and Broken Glasses.

On February 10, 2005, Miller died of heart disease. He was 89.

Influence on society
Miller's ideas influence the society a lot. For example, the way of writing has changed a lot. He often writes about the experience of being human in a very raw but very loving way. He once said that “Maybe all one can do is hope to end up with the right regrets” which later on has a huge impact on people. Another influence on society is that the way people write stage plays have changed a lot. People tend to focus on characters more than anything else. Miller believes that “the theater is so endlessly fascinating because it's so accidental (happens by chance). It's so much like life.” It reflects on his writing because he likes to write more on the bonds between individual and society rather than only character.

References 

1915 births
2005 deaths
American atheists
American playwrights
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from heart failure
Jewish American writers
Jewish atheists
Pulitzer Prize winners