cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Chained (2012 movie)

Chained is a 2012 Canadian psychological horror movie. It is about a cab-driving serial killer who stalks his victims on the streets. This movie was originally marked NC-17 (no children 17 and under admitted) by the MPAA. It was edited downwards to an R. It was released theatrically in some countries, direct-to-video in the United States.

The movie was first shown at Fantasia International Film Festival.

Cast
 Vincent D'Onofrio as Bob
 Daniel Maslany as Young Bob
 Eamon Farren as Rabbit / Tim Fittler
 Evan Bird as Young Rabbit
 Julia Ormond as Sarah Fittler
 Conor Leslie as Angie
 Jake Weber as Brad Fittler
 Michael Maslany as Young Brad
 Gina Philips as Marie

Additionally, Troy Skog and Shannon Jardine play Bob's parents and Alexander Doerksen plays Colin. Amy Matysio appears as Mary, one of Bob's victims. Director Jennifer Lynch has a cameo as a cooking show host on TV.

Critical reception

Peter Bradshaw from The Guardian and Tim Robey from The Daily Telegraph both rated the movie 1/5 stars. The earlier called it "a fantastically crass and fatuous-in other words, silly and pointless-serial killer movie." The latter thought that Chained was "a lurid disgrace."

On the opposite end, Lauren Taylor from Bloody Disgusting rated the movie 4/5 stars. Taylor wrote: "Chained takes a typical tale of an abused child and makes something that is Oscar worthy." Rotten Tomatoes has the movie rated near 72% approval.

References

2012 crime movies
2012 thriller movies
2012 horror movies
2010s crime thriller movies
2010s horror thriller movies
2010s psychological movies
2010s serial killer movies

Canadian horror movies

Canadian thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies about abduction
Movies about dysfunctional families
Rape in movies
Tech (river)

The Tech () is a river in southeastern France, close to the French-Spanish border. It runs through a valley in the department of the Pyrénées-Orientales, in the former Roussillon. Its drainage basin is the southernmost river basin of Metropolitan France.

The river gives its name to two communes in the department: Le Tech and Arles-sur-Tech.

Geography
The source of the Tech is on the eastern side of Roc Colom in the Pyrenees at an elevation of , in the commune of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste.

It flows generally from southwest to northeast, first through the valley of Vallespir just to Ceret, and then through the Plain of Rosillon.

The Tech flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the Natural Reserve of Mas Larrieu, also called "Mouth of the Tech", to the north of the town of Argelès-sur-Mer.

The Tech river is  long and its drainage basin has an area of approximately . The basin is composed of two areas that are quite different:
 An area of mountains, from the source to the town of Ceret, with forests on the mountains.
 A flat area, from Ceret to the sea. Here the river flows through the Plain de Rosillon with many farms where different crops are grown.

The flow of the Tech river was observed over a period of 38 years (1979-2013) in Argelès-sur-Mer, touristic town near the mouth of the river.

The discharge of the river at this location is 8.54 m3 per second.

Both the valley of the Tech and its mouth are part of Natura 2000, an ecological network of protected areas in the European Union.

Tributaries
The Tech has 22 tributaries; the longest tributaries are:
 Right tributaries:
 Lamanère, 15.7 km.
 Maureillas, 16.1 km.
 Tanyari, 13.3 km.
 Left tributaries
 Coumelade, 15 km.
 Riuferrer, 17.7 km.
 Ample, 15.7 km.

Cantons along the river
The Tech is entirely in the department of Pyrénées-Orientales. It crosses two arrondissements, six cantons and 25 communes. The two arrondissements are Céret and Perpignan.

As for the cantons, the Tech has its source in the canton of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste, and then flows through the cantons of Arles-sur-Tech, Canton Ceret, Thuir Canton, Canton Elne and finally Argelès-sur-Mer.

Landmark
The Pont del Diable ("Devil's bridge") or Pont Vieux ("Old bridge") at Céret over the river Tech.

Gallery

References

Rivers of France
Pyrénées-Orientales
Effect pedal

An effect pedal is an electronic device that can change the sound of an instrument or the voice of a person. Typical effects include echo, chorus, distortion, tremolo, reverb and flanger. A potentiometer is one of the electronic parts that effect pedals use to change the sound.

Effect pedals are commonly connected to electric guitars and bass guitars and to amplifiers using a cable, such as a phone connector. The pedal is then put on the floor and controlled using the player's foot. Depending on how the effect works, there are different ways to use the pedal:
 The player may have to push and release the pedal to turn on the effect, and do it again to turn it off.
 The player may have to push and hold the pedal down to turn the effect on, and release the pedal to turn it off.
 Some effects, such as volume or wah-wah, use a pedal where the player presses with the ball to increase the effect or with the heel to decrease the effect.

Many guitarists like to use different effect pedals with each other. They stick them to a flat surface to make a pedalboard that they can take with them.

Examples of effects

Sources

Other websites
 A page with photos that shows how to use a pedal

Music technology
Guitars
Dennis Farina

Dennis Farina (February 29, 1944 – July 22, 2013) was an American actor and former Chicago police officer. He was known for his role as Detective Joe Fontana on Law & Order. Farina was also in Get Shorty, Manhunter, Eddie, and Saving Private Ryan.

Early life
Farina was born on February 29, 1944 in Chicago, Illinois. He was of Sicilian descent. Farina was a police officer from 1967 through 1985.

Career
Farina became an actor in 1981 as Carl in Thief. He would later appear in Steven Spielberg's Saving Private Ryan (as Army Lieutenant Colonel Walter Anderson), Striking Distance, Another Stakeout, Little Big League, Snatch, The Mod Squad, Big Trouble and Out of Sight. He co-starred with Bette Midler in the romantic comedy That Old Feeling.

Law & Order
The producers of the long-running television series Law & Order hired Farina as Det. Joe Fontana after the retirement of Jerry Orbach's character Lennie Briscoe. Farina stayed with the show for two years, but his character was not as popular with viewers as Orbach's Lennie Briscoe had been. As a result, in May 2006, it was announced that Farina was leaving Law & Order to work on other projects.

Personal life
Farina was married to Patricia Farina from 1970 until they divorced in 1980. They had three children. Farina was arrested on May 11, 2008, for carrying a loaded .22 caliber pistol through Los Angeles International Airport security. On July 17, 2009, the judge in his case dismissed the charge and erased it from Farina's otherwise clean record.

Death
Farina died on July 22, 2013 in a hospital in Scottsdale, Arizona, from a pulmonary embolism. He was 69 years old. Farina is buried at Mount Carmel Cemetery in Hillside, Illinois.

References

Other websites

 
 Dennis Farina - Hollywood.com

1944 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from pulmonary embolism
Burials at Mount Carmel Cemetery (Hillside)
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Disease-related deaths in the United States
American police officers
Philip Roth

Philip Milton Roth (March 19, 1933 – May 22, 2018) was an American novelist from Newark, New Jersey. His books include Goodbye, Columbus and The Human Stain.

Roth has won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, the National Book Award, and several other awards. He studied at the University of Chicago.

Roth died at a Manhattan hospital of congestive heart failure on May 22, 2018 at the age of 85.

References

1933 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Jewish American writers
Writers from Newark, New Jersey
Pulitzer Prize winners
Soteira

Soteira (, male Soter, ) is an epithet that was added to the names of gods and goddesses in Greek mythology. It means "Saviour". It expresses the fact that the speaker expects the deity to save them and cleanse them of evil. It has been used with Artemis, Persephone, and Athena.

References

Greek mythology
Thomas Middleton

Thomas Middleton (1580-1627) was a Jacobean dramatist. He is believed by some experts to have helped Shakespeare with plays such as Timon of Athens. His own plays include The Revenger's Tragedy. He also worked with other writers of his day like John Webster.

Other websites
Thomas Middleton 

English playwrights
1580 births
1627 deaths
John Webster

John Webster (1580-1634) was an English dramatist. He was perhaps best known for his plays The Duchess of Malfi and The White Devils.

Other websites
Luminarium

English playwrights
1580 births
1634 deaths
Division of Bonner

The Division of Bonner is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was created in 2004 and is named after Neville Bonner, the first Indigenous Australian elected to the Parliament of Australia. Bonner was a Queensland Liberal Senator. There are only three other divisions named for Aboriginal people, Bennelong in New South Wales, Blair in Queensland and Lingiari in the Northern Territory.

The Division of Bonner covers the eastern areas of Brisbane, including Chandler, Carindale, Manly, Mount Gravatt, Wishart and Wynnum.

Members

Election results
 2004 election results
 2007 election results
 2010 election results

References

Other websites
 Division of Bonner (Qld) — Australian Electoral Commission
 Ross Vasta's website

Electoral divisions of Australia
Queensland
2004 establishments in Australia
The Incredibly True Adventure of Two Girls in Love

The Incredibly True Adventure of Two Girls in Love is a 1995 comedy movie with lesbian themes. It is about high school students who fall into love with one another.

This movie was released in the United States in mid-June 1995. It was released in the United Kingdom in September 1996. The movie got good reviews and publicity in the Sundance Film Festival.

1995 romance movies
1995 comedy movies
1995 LGBT movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
English-language movies
Go Fish (movie)

Go Fish is a 1994 American romantic comedy movie. The movie is about young lesbians around Chicago. This movie was released in the United States in mid-June of 1994. The movie received several awards.

1994 romance movies
1994 comedy movies
1994 LGBT movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
English-language movies
American romantic comedy movies
American independent movies
Turgay Yıldız

Turgay Yıldız (born 1965 - 22 July 2021) was a Turkish theatre actor, director, comedian, playwright and politician.

Yıldız was born in Ankara. He graduated from Ankara University Faculty of Language and History-Geography Department of Theatre in 1987. He worked as playwright, actor and director at theatres. He hosted television programs at TRT, Flash TV, Avrasya TV with his friend Bahadır Tokmak.

Yıldız was nominated by Democratic Left Party as candidate for Mayor of Çankaya, Ankara in 2009 local elections.

He was attending EC English language school in Los Angeles, pursuing his career as a scriptwriter for Turkish drama and political satire.

References 

1965 births
Living people
Turkish actors
Turkish politicians
Comedians
Playwrights
Changmin

Shim Changmin (born 18 February 1988) is a Korean singer, songwriter, model and actor. He was the youngest member of the boy band TVXQ. He started with TVXQ in 2003.

Shim was born and grew up in Seoul, South Korea.

References

1988 births
Living people
People from Seoul
South Korean singer-songwriters
Bad Badtz-maru

is a character designed by Sanrio. He is a penguin with spiky hair. His birthday is on April Fool's Day. In Japanese, "badtz" (batsu) is a term for "X", the symbol for a wrong answer. "Maru" means circle or "O", and signifies a correct answer. He is often represented by "XO". Bad Badtz-Maru was released in 1993. He has far fewer releases than Hello Kitty, but has been a very popular important character. Badtz-Maru was the official mascot for the 2006 FIBA World Championship of basketball, which was held in  Japan.

References

Fictional birds
Japanese culture
Hetalia: Axis Powers

Hetalia: Axis Powers () is a Japanese webcomic by Hidekaz Himaruya. It has been made into a manga and anime series. The stories are based on political and historical events. The characters are personifications of countries and that play off both good and bad cultural stereotypes. The main characters include Italy, Germany, Japan, America, England/Britain, France, Russia, and China. The anime has a large fanbase throughout the internet and are known as "Hetalians".  

The main events happen in World War II, but many others happen during different time periods. The series uses satire and humour to show events. Interactions between the countries are shown as social and romantic, as well as misunderstandings.

Characters

Axis Powers 
Italy Veneziano (イタリアヴェネツィアーノ Itaria Veneziāno), or Italy (イタリア Itaria) is the main character in Hetalia. He is shown to be bright, happy, and a bit of a quitter. He is the grandson of Ancient Rome, and the brother of Italy Romano. Veneziano represents the northern part of Italy, while Romano is the southern part. He is cowardly and flies the white flag a lot, which means he was surrendering. 

He is voiced by Daisuke Namikawa in Japanese, and Todd Haberkorn in English. In a portion of the show where he was shown as a child, he was voiced by Aki Kanada in Japanese, and Brina Palencia in English. In 2008, he got the name Feliciano Vargas.  His brother got the name Lovino Vargas.

Germany (ドイツ, Doitsu) is a supporting character in Hetalia. He is serious and hard-working. He can get angry at times, but it is shown he is actually very sweet inside. He has an older brother, Prussia, who represents the former country Prussia and the eastern part of modern-day Germany. Germany represents the west part. 

He is voiced by Hiroki Yasumoto in Japanese, and Patrick Seitz in English. In 2008, he got the name Ludwig. He does not have a canon last name, but his brother does. Prussia received the name Gilbert Beilschmidt.

Japan (日本, Nihon) is a shy and reserved supporting character. He gets very uncomfortable when others get close to him. He is quiet and tends to stay out of conversations.

He is voiced by Hiroki Takahashi in Japanese, and Christopher Bevins in English. In 2008 he received the name Kiku Honda.

Allied Forces 
America (アメリカ Amerika) is energetic, ignorant, and loves food. He considers himself the "hero" and is quite obnoxious. He has a brother that represents Canada.

He is voiced by Katsuyuki Konishi in Japanese, and Eric Vale in English. As a child, he was voiced by Ai Iwamura in Japanese and Luci Christian in English. In 2008, he received the name Alfred F. Jones, and his brother received the name Matthew Williams.

References

Comic books
Manga
Anime
Funky Monkey Babys

were a Japanese band from Tokyo. The members were Funky Kato Monkichi and DJ Kemikaru. They first appeared in 2004. They broke up in June 2013.

Famous songs 
"Lovin' Life"
"Sakura"

Japanese musical groups
Musicians from Tokyo
Musical groups established in 2004
Musical groups disestablished in 2013
MBLAQ

MBLAQ is a South Korean boy band. They have five members: Seungho, G.O., Joon, Thunder, and Mir. The letters MBLAQ is an initialism for Music Boys Live in Absolute Quality.

Discography

Korean discography
Studio albums
 2011 : BLAQ Style

Repackaged albums
 2011 : BLAQ Style - 3D Edition

Extended plays
 2009 : Just BLAQ
 2010 : Y
 2011 : Mona Lisa
 2012: 100% Ver.
 2013: Sexy Beat

Repackaged EP's
 2012 : BLAQ%Ver.
 2013 : TBA

Digital Singles
 2011:  White Forever
 2011:  You&I

Japanese discography
Compilations
 2012 : BLAQ Memories

Singles
 2011 : Your Luv
 2011 : Baby U!
 2013 : Mona Lisa

DVDs
 2011 : Mona Lisa Style
 2012 : This is War Music Story
 2012 : MBLAQ 'Men in MBLAQ' First Concert DVD
 2013 : The BLAQ% Tour

South Korean musical groups
Itä-Häme (newspaper)

Itä-Häme is a newspaper published in Heinola and neighbouring towns in Itä-Häme, Finland. It was established in 1927 in Sysmä.

Other websites
 Itä-Häme

Newspapers published in Finland
1927 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Finland
Eurocopter AS-565 Panther

The Eurocopter AS-565 Panther is a military variant of the AS-365 Dauphin 2's helicopter. It is specially designed for naval missions. But some of them are used by army aviations, like in Brazil.

Users 
AS-565 Panther are used in Angola, Brazil, Bulgaria, France, Israel, Mexico, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, and UAE.

Bibliography 
 Jackson, Robert, Helicopters: Military, Civilian, and Rescue Rotorcraft (The Aviation Factfile).  London: Grange Books Ltd, 2005. .
 Gaillard, Pierre, Avions et hélicoptères militaires d'aujourd'hui Paris, France : Larivière éditions, 1999.  .
 Frawley, Gerard, The international directory of military aircraft 2002/2003 .  London: Aerospace Publication, 2002. .

French military aircraft
Helicopters
AS-565 Panther
Harbin Z-9

The Harbin Z-9 is a Chinese military helicopter. It is a variant of the French Aérospatiale SA-365 Dauphin 2. Some of them were built for foreign countries.

Military aircraft
Helicopters
Military of China
Eurocopter EC155

The Eurocopter EC155 is the third generation of the Dauphin family of helicopters. Built by French and Germans, it is used both by civilian and military operators.

Helicopters
EC155
List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 17th century

Atlantic hurricane seasons
Before 1600 1600s 1700s/10s 1720s/30s 1740s/50s 1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s

While information for every storm that happened is not available, some parts of the coastline had enough people to give info of hurricane happenings. Each season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic basin. Most tropical cyclone formation occurs between June 1 and November 30.

1600–1619

1620–1639

1640–1659

1660–1679

1680–1699

Related pages
 List of Atlantic hurricane seasons

References

Other websites
 The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996
 Caribbean Genealogy - Resources - HurricaneTime Line
 Virginia Hurricane History
 Hurricanes from Spanish documentary sources
 Hurricanes in Puerto Rico 1500-1899

17th century
17th century
Weather lists
Lesbianism in erotica

Lesbianism has been performed in visual arts since the times of ancient Rome. For much of history of cinema and television, lesbianism was regarded as taboo. But since the 1960s, it has increasingly become a theme within its own right. It was first used in softcore movies and erotic thrillers during the 1980s. Acts of lovemaking between women first happened during several movies in the late 1960s: The Killing of Sister George, Therese and Isabelle and The Fox. Lesbian scenes during movies are always subject to controversy. Many people say that the MPAA has been harsh on movies with homosexual themes. One notable example of this regards the movie When Night Is Falling, which was given an NC-17. The movie, though, was released unrated.

LGBT
The Killing of Sister George

The Killing of Sister George is a 1964 stage play and 1968 erotic drama movie. The story shows lesbian romances. Sister George is a character in the radio series Applehurst. The movie of 1968 was rated X by the MPAA because of a graphic lesbian sex scene. It put a limit on movie screenings and its ability to advertise in mainstream newspapers. In the United Kingdom, there were censorship issues. The movie was only passed under an X-rating in the United Kingdom after a part about lesbian sex was removed.

Movies based on plays
1960s romantic drama movies
1960s LGBT movies
1960s erotic movies
1968 romance movies
1968 drama movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Robert Aldrich
Chris Froome

Christopher Froome (born 20 May 1985) is a British road racing cyclist. He was born in Nairobi, Kenya, into a British family. He moved to South Africa when he was 14. He lives in Monaco. He rides for Team Ineos. He won a bronze medal at the 2007 All-Africa Games in Algiers, competing for Kenya. He won a bronze medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, competing for Great Britain. He came second in both the 2011 Vuelta a España and the 2012 Tour de France. He won the Tour de France in 2013, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

References 

1985 births
Living people
British cyclists
British Olympic bronze medalists 
People from Nairobi
Tour de France winners
Australian of the Year

The Australian of the Year is an award presented on Australia Day (26 January) every year to an important Australian. The awards began in 1960 and are supported by the Australian government and several major companies. The awards are given by the National Australia Day Council. Over the years it has grown to include the Young Australian of the Year and the Senior Australian of the Year. An award to honor people at a local community level has also been developed as the Asutralian Local Hero. The first Australian of the Year was Nobel Prize winner, Sir Macfarlane Burnet.

References

Awards
1960 establishments in Australia
Inflatable boat

An inflatable boat is a kind of boat which is made from rubber. It is filled with air. In some boats is possible to install outboard motor. Inflatable boats are usually made to fit into small places so they can be moved easily.  

Boats
Mytäjäinen (pond)

Mytäjäinen is a small pond in Lahti, Finland. Its maximum depth is  what is quite a lot because pond covers so small area. Some people swim there, including in winter time. The pond is near to Radiomäki, Lahti city.

References 

Lahti
Ponds
Joutjärvi

Joutjärvi is a lake in Lahti, Finland. Its maximum depth is .

References 

Lakes of Finland
Patricia Rozema

Patricia Rozema (born August 20, 1958) is a Canadian movie director. She is known for directing LGBT movies. She directed I've Heard the Mermaids Singing in 1987. She also directed When Night is Falling, which was released in autumn 1995 in the United States.

Rozema was born in Kingston, Ontario.

Canadian movie directors
1958 births
Living people
Pikku-Vesijärvi

Pikku-Vesijärvi is a lake in Lahti, Finland. Its maximum depth is  (1998).

References 

Lakes of Finland
Lahti
Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom

Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom became legal on 29 March 2014 due to the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) act of 2013. This act allows same-sex couples to marry in England and Wales. Scotland introduced same-sex marriage on 16 December 2014 for partners converting civil partnerships into marriage, but for other couples same-sex wedding ceremonies began on 31 December 2014. Northern Ireland, however, is a recent addition to the Legislation to allow same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in July 2019 and took effect on 13 January 2020. The first same-sex marriage ceremony took place on 11 February 2020. Proposals to change that have failed. Civil partnerships began in 2005 across the UK, permitting benefits similar to marriage for same-sex couples.

References

2014 establishments in Europe
2010s establishments in the United Kingdom
Politics of the United Kingdom
Same-sex marriage
Rogliano

Rogliano is a town and comune in the province of Cosenza, in the Calabria region of southern Italy.

Towns in Italy
Settlements in Calabria
Vesijärvi

Vesijärvi is a lake in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. It covers about . It is next to Lahti, Asikkala and Hollola.

The water in Vesijärvi is clear. It contains many kinds of water plants.

Vesijärvi flows to Päijänne.

Islands 
 Enonsaari
 Isosaari
 Kahvisaari
 Myllysaari
 Vasikkasaari
 Selkäsaari

References

Other websites

Lakes of Finland
Lahti
Emile Griffith

Emile Alphonse Griffith (February 3, 1938 – July 23, 2013) was an American boxer. He was the first person from the U.S. Virgin Islands ever to become a world champion in boxing.

Griffith later won the world middleweight title and claimed an early version of the junior middleweight world championship, a claim that has not been universally recognized although some consider Griffith a three-division champion fighter.

Early life
Griffith was born on February 3, 1938 in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. He was raised in New York City.

Personal life
In 1971, two months after they met, Griffith married Mercedes (Sadie) Donastrog, who was then a member of the dance troupe "Prince Rupert and the Slave Girls." Griffith adopted Donastorg's daughter. Griffith said he was attracted to men and women.

Attack
In 1992, he was beaten and almost killed on a New York City street, after leaving a gay bar near the Port Authority Bus Terminal. He was in the hospital for four months after the assault.  It was not clear if the violence was motivated by homophobia.

Death
Griffith died on July 23, 2013 from complications of dementia in a hospital in Hempstead, New York, aged 75.

References

Other websites

Ring Memorabilia
'Ring of Fire' Connects With True Story of A Fatal Blow Washington Post article April 20, 2005

1938 births
2013 deaths
American boxers
American crime victims
Bisexual people
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in New York
LGBT African Americans
LGBT people from New York City
LGBT sportspeople
Sportspeople from New York City
Jokichi Ikarashi

Jokichi Ikarashi (五十嵐 丈吉 Jōkichi Ikarashi; 26 January 1902 – 23 July 2013) was a Japanese farmer and supercentenarian, and the oldest man ever from Niigata Prefecture before 31 August 2018, when Chitetsu Watanabe surpassed his age. He was at the time of his death at age 111 years, 178 days the oldest living Japanese man for less than 6 weeks after Jiroemon Kimura's death on 12 June, and was believed to be the world's oldest living man after Canadian-born Americanman James McCoubrey's death on 5 July. However, two days after Ikarashi's death, the Gerontology Research Group confirmed both McCoubrey and Ikarashi to be younger than Spanish-born Americanman Salustiano Sanchez, who died on 13 September the same year (which would have been McCoubrey's 112th birthday).

Ikarashi worked as a farmer before his retirement. He had 4 children, 11 grandchildren, 22 great-grandchildren and one great-great grandchild. He enjoyed singing, ate three meals a day and had never suffered from any severe injury, except falling from a tree and breaking left foot at age 91, and did not drink alcohol and smoke (and believed that to be the secret to a long life). While being Japan's oldest man he was most bedridden. He died of pneumonia on 23 July 2013 aged 111 years, 178 days and was succeeded as Japan's oldest man by Sakari Momoi.

References

1902 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Japanese supercentenarians
People from Niigata Prefecture
Arturo Licata

Arturo Licata (2 May 1902 – 24 April 2014) was an Italian supercentenarian, who at the age of 111, was Italy's oldest living man since the death of Giuseppe Mirabella on 30 March 2012 and Europe's oldest living man since the death of 111-year-old Spanish man Francisco Fernández Fernández on 7 September 2012. Licata was the world's oldest living man since the death of Salustiano Sanchez on 13 September 2013.

Life
Licata was born on 2 May 1902 in Enna, Sicily, Italy. He was born into a family of four brothers and two sisters.

Licata lived in Enna, Sicily, Italy. Aside from poor hearing and eyesight, he remained in good health until May 2013 when his health began to rapidly decline. Since September 2013, he was bedridden.

Licata died at his home in Enna, Italy from natural causes on 8 days before his 112th birthday.

References

1902 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Italian centenarians
People from Sicily
Supercentenarians
Casey Fossum

Casey Paul Fossum (born January 6, 1978) is an American former professional baseball player. He played for the Boston Red Sox (2001–2003), Arizona Diamondbacks (2004), Tampa Bay Devil Rays (2005–2007), Detroit Tigers (2008), and New York Mets (2009) of Major League Baseball. He batted and threw left-handed.

References

1978 births
Living people
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Boston Red Sox players
Detroit Tigers players
New York Mets players
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
Ted Lange

Theodore William "Ted" Lange (born January 5, 1948) is an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. He is best known for his role as the bartender, Isaac Washington, in the 1970s TV series The Love Boat. 

Lange was born on January 5, 1948 in Oakland, California. He studied at the Royal Academy of the Dramatic Art. Lange has been married to Mary Ley since 2001.

References

Other websites

1948 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American screenwriters
Writers from California
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Actors from Oakland, California
Kazuchika Okada

Kazuchika Okada (born November 8, 1987) is a Japanese professional wrestler who is currently working for New Japan Pro Wrestling. He is a former five-time IWGP Heavyweight Champion.

Career
He was trained by Último Dragón at Toryumon professional wrestling school and made his debut on August 29, 2004, against Negro Navarro. He competed in New Japan Pro Wrestling from August 26, 2007 to January 31, 2010. NJPW sent him to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling for a developmental tour in 2010.

He debuted for TNA on February 16, 2010 where he lost to Alex Shelley in a dark match. He competed for TNA from 2010 to 2011 and left to return to NJPW.

On February 12, 2012 at The New Beginning, he defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi to win the IWGP Heavyweight Championship for the first time in his career. He won the IWGP Heavyweight Championship a second time on April 7, 2013 at Invasion Attack defeating Tanahashi.

Championships

New Japan Pro Wrestling
IWGP Heavyweight Championship (five times)
G1 Climax (2012, 2014)
New Japan Cup (2013)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #5 of the top 500 singles wrestlers by the PWI in the PWI 500 in 2013.
Tokyo Sports Grand Prix
Best Bout Award (2012) (vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi on June 16)
MVP Award (2012–2013)
Toryumon Mexico
Young Dragons Cup (2005)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter
5 Star Match (2013) (vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi on April 7)
5 Star Match (2013) (vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi on October 14)
Best Wrestling Maneuver (2012–2013) (Rainmaker)
Feud of the Year (2012–2013) (vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi)
Match of the Year (2013) (vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi on April 7)
Most Improved (2012)

References

Other websites
Kazuchika Okada on New Japan Pro Wrestling

1987 births
Living people
Japanese professional wrestlers
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling alumni
People from Aichi Prefecture
Livingston County, New York

Livingston County is in New York State. About 65,000 people live there, and it is part of the Rochester metropolitan area.

Other websites
Tourism in Livingston

New York (state) counties
Marshall Field

Marshall Field (August 18, 1834 – January 16, 1906) was an American businessman. He was the founder of Marshall Field and Company, the Chicago-based department stores.

Field was born on August 18, 1834 in Conway, Franklin County, Massachusetts. He was married two times. Field had two children. He died on January 16, 1906 in New York City, New York from pneumonia, aged 71. He was buried in Graceland Cemetery in Uptown, Chicago.

References

Other websites
 
 
 Wendt, Lloyd and Herman Kogan, (1952) Give the Lady What She Wants! The Story of Marshall Field & Company. New York: Rand McNally and Company

1834 births
1906 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Burials at Graceland Cemetery
Disease-related deaths in Chicago, Illinois
Businesspeople from Chicago
People with foods named after them
Businesspeople from Massachusetts
Foreign relations of Vanuatu

Vanuatu has diplomatic relations with more than 65 countries. It has a very small network of embassies. Only Australia, France, New Zealand, and the People's Republic of China have embassies, high commissions, or missions in Port Vila. The British High Commission closed in 2005, after having been there for almost 100 years.

The government's main concern has been to improve the economy. It has a strong need for foreign aid, so Vanuatu has joined the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Since 1980, Australia, France, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand have provided most of Vanuatu's development aid.

Vanuatu's foreign policy is fairly neutral. It stayed neutral during the Cold War, and has been a member of the Non-Aligned Movement since 1983. However, it has always given strong support for self-determination and decolonisation, especially throughout Melanesia. Vanuatu became independent from France and the United Kingdom in 1980. The first government recognised the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in November of the same year. It recognised the State of Palestine in August 1989. Later governments recognised Kosovo in 2010 and Abkhazia in 2011. Vanuatu has also supported the independence of New Caledonia and East Timor, and it strongly supports the Free Papua Movement in western New Guinea. Its relations with Indonesia have suffered because of this. Relations with Australia and New Zealand are a major focus of Vanuatu's foreign policy.

Vanuatu established diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1983, and Libya in 1986. It established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and the United States in June and September 1986, respectively. Relations with the United States were bad until the late 1980s. Relations with France remained bad throughout the 1980s. Vanuatu under Walter Lini also tried to create strong relations with Asia. By the end of the 1980s, the country had established diplomatic relations with the China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam and the Philippines.

Australia and Vanuatu have very strong ties. Australia has provided most of the assistance to Vanuatu's military. It is also Vanuatu's largest source of foreign investment, tourists, and foreign aid. Vanuatu also has strong ties to other Pacific countries. It is a full member of the Pacific Islands Forum, and several other regional organisations. It has been a member of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie since 1979. It was admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations in 1980 and to the United Nations in 1981. Vanuatu is currently the only Pacific nation that belongs to the Non-Aligned Movement.

British High Commissioners
List of British High Commissioners in Port Vila:
 1980 William Stanton Ashford
 30 July 1982 Richard Bostock Dorman
 25 April 1985 Malcolm Lars Creek
 27 August 1988 John Thompson
 15 January 1992 Thomas Joseph Duggin
 1995 Malcom Geoffrey Hilson
 16 November 2000 Michael Thoma Hill.

References

International relations
Vanuatu
New South Wales Legislative Assembly

The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the parliament of New South Wales in Australia. The upper house is the Legislative Council. Both sit at Parliament House in the state capital, Sydney.  The Assembly has 93 members, each elected to a single-member constituency, known as seats. Voting is by the optional preferential system.

Members of the Legislative Assembly have the acronym MP after their names.
Until 1990, the acronym "MLA" ( Member of the Legislative Assembly ) was used.

References

New South Wales
New South Wales
Legislatures of country subdivisions
CNBLUE

CNBLUE is a South Korean rock band formed in Seoul in 2009. There are four members: Jung Yong-hwa (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Lee Jong-hyun (lead guitar, vocals), Lee Jung Shin (bass guitar, vocals) and Kang Min-hyuk (drums, vocals).

They have toured in South Korea and Japan.

Other websites 

 CNBLUE official website

South Korean musical groups
Rock bands
2009 establishments in Asia
Hiroto Kōmoto

Hiroto Kōmoto (/, born 17 March 1963) is a Japanese rock singer. He was born in the city of Okayama in Okayama Prefecture. He dropped out of the department of economics in Housei University. He is an executive vice-president of a corporation (HAPPY SONG). He is married. He had sung in many famous rock bands. He sings in The Cro-Magnons these days.

1963 births
Living people
Japanese singers
People from Okayama Prefecture
Tsubasa Honda

is a Japanese actress and model. She is from Tokyo.

Works
 Great Teacher Onizuka (2012) as Urumi Kanzaki
 Piece – Kanojo no Kioku (2012) as Mizuho Suga
 Gozen 3-ji no Muhōchitai (2013) as Momoko
 Vampire Heaven (2013) as Komachi

References

Other websites
 

1992 births
Living people
Japanese models
Actors from Tokyo
Ryo Nishikido

is a Japanese actor and singer. He is a member of the boy band Kanjani∞, which is managed by Johnny & Associates. He was also a member of the boy band NEWS.

Nishikido was born in Osaka on 3 November 1984. He started as an actor and a singer in 2004. In 2006, Nishikido held his first concert as a solo artist. He also acts in television dramas. His friends are Tomohisa Yamashita, Jin Akanishi and Yu Shirota. They are also actors.

Dramas

References 

Japanese movie actors
Japanese singers
1984 births
Living people
People from Osaka
Flash animation

A Flash animation or Flash cartoon is an animated video that is created by Adobe Flash or a similar animation software. The video is usually distributed in the .swf file format. They are often distributed on the World Wide Web, in which case they are often referred to as Internet cartoons, online cartoons, or webtoons.

Related pages

 Cutout animation
 Webcomic
 Video sharing

Other websites

Animation
Internet culture
Sexy Zone

Sexy Zone is a Japanese boy band managed by Johnny & Associates. It started in 2011. The five members of the band are Nakajima Kento, Kikuchi Fuma, Sato Shori, Matsushima Sou, and Marius Yo. They were chosen because of their male sexiness.

Sexy Zone first performed at Johnnys Imperial Theatre Special with their first song "Sexy Zone".  This was released on November 16, 2011, by Pony Canyon. This song is also the theme song of the 2011 FIVB Women's World Cup and the 2011 FIVB Men's World Cup. They are special supporters of 2011 FIVB World Cup.

Members 
 Nakajima Kento (March 13, 1994). He was born in Tokyo. In 2008 he was signed up by Johnny & Associates. His first band was B.I.Shadow. His first CD was released on June 4, 2009. His next group was NYCboys with Chinen Yuri and Yamada Ryosuke from the band Hey!Say!JUMP, and with Nakayama Yuma from B.I.Shadow. They provided the theme music for  the women's volleyball World Grand Prix 2009. Kento joined Sexy Zone in 2011. In 2012 he began studying sociology at the Meiji Gakuin University.
 Kikuchi Fuma (March 7, 1995)
 Sato Shori (October 30, 1996)
 Matsushima Sou (November 27, 1997)
 Yo Marius (March 30, 2000)

Discography

Albums

Single

Appearances

Variety Program 
 Yan Yan JUMP (April 2011- TV Tokyo)
 Johnnys'Jr. land (October 2011- Sky Perfect TV)
 Waratte Iitomo! (2011.11.03 Fuji TV)
 Music Station (2011.11.11, 2011.11.18, 2012.04.27 TV Asahi)

References

Other websites
  Sexy Zone Official Site
  Sexy Zone @ Johhnys net

Japanese musical groups
Philippe of Belgium

Philippe (, , ; born Castle of Laeken, Brussels, 15 April 1960) is the King of the Belgians and a constitutional monarch. He is the son of King Albert II and his wife Paola of Belgium. On 21 July 2013, King Philippe I was named king of the Belgians when Albert II abdicated.

Titles and styles

 15 April 1960 – 9 August 1993: His Royal Highness Prince Philippe of Belgium
 9 August 1993 – 21 July 2013: His Royal Highness The Duke of Brabant
 21 July 2013 – present: His Majesty The King of the Belgians

References

1960 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Kings and Queens of Belgium
People from Brussels
Lianna

Lianna is a 1983 lesbian-themed drama movie. The title character is the wife of a college professor teaching at a University in New Jersey. This woman takes up child psychology with a friend named Sandy.

Lianna received several positive reviews from critics. The movie was released January 1983 in the United States.

1983 romance movies
1983 drama movies
1980s romantic drama movies
1980s LGBT movies
American romantic drama movies
American LGBT movies
English-language movies
American independent movies
DIP switch

A DIP switch (standing for dual in-line package switch) is a small electric switch, packaged in a dual in-line package as though it were an integrated circuit. It typically has several switches, with each one connection between two opposite pins on the package. One side of the switch is usually marked to be the "ON" side, so that it is clear which way the switches need to be moved to complete the circuit.

Electronic switches
Time switch

A time switch is an electric switch that switches after the time period that the user has set. It can be mechanical or electrical.

Electronic switches
List of television stations in the Philippines

For the list of digital television stations, see List of digital television stations in the Philippines.

This is a list of analog television stations in the Philippines. Currently, there are three major networks competing for bigger audience share; ABS-CBN Corporation, GMA Network Inc. and TV5 Network Inc. Major free-to-air networks are popularly known by their flagship channels (example ABS-CBN (Manila) instead of simply ABS-CBN). Analog television in the Philippines began to shut down on February 28, 2017, and is scheduled to complete by 2023. Currently, all analog TV stations are still using the NTSC standard.

Metro Manila

VHF stations

UHF stations

Inactive Stations

Inactive station that uses higher than the NTC's frequency standards
The following TV Station is inactive and this station is still off-the-air until now, as this station is using higher than the NTC's Philippine Television Frequency for UHF, which is between 471.25 MHz and 693.25 MHz (Video Carrier).

The frequencies above 700 MHz (Channels 52 to 69 are assigned from 699.25 MHz to 801.25 MHz Video Carrier) was used for Wireless Broadband Providers and Public Communications.

For more details, refer to Pan-american television frequencies

Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)

Abra

Benguet

Mountain Province

Region I (Ilocos Region)

Ilocos Norte

Ilocos Sur

La Union

Pangasinan

Region II (Cagayan Valley)

Batanes

Cagayan

Isabela

Nueva Vizcaya

Region III (Central Luzon)

Aurora

Bataan

Bulacan

Nueva Ecija

Pampanga

Tarlac

Zambales

Region IV-A (Calabarzon)

Batangas

*Signals can be seen in some parts of Metro Manila.

Cavite

Laguna

Quezon Province

Rizal Province

Southwestern Tagalog Region (MIMAROPA)

Occidental Mindoro

Oriental Mindoro

Palawan

Romblon

Region V (Bicol Region)

Albay

Camarines Norte

Camarines Sur

Catanduanes

Masbate

Sorsogon

Region VI (Western Visayas)

Aklan

Antique

Capiz

Iloilo

Negros Occidental

Region VII (Central Visayas)

Bohol

Cebu

Negros Oriental

Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)

Leyte

Samar

Eastern Samar

Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)

Zamboanga del Norte

Zamboanga del Sur

Zamboanga Sibugay

Zamboanga City

Region X (Northern Mindanao)

Bukidnon

Lanao del Norte

Misamis Occidental

Misamis Oriental

Region XI (Davao Region)

Davao del Norte

Davao del Sur

Davao Oriental

Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)

Cotabato

South Cotabato

Region XIII (Caraga Region)

Agusan del Norte

Agusan del Sur

Surigao del Norte

Surigao del Sur

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

Lanao del Sur

Maguindanao

Sulu

Related pages
Television in the Philippines
List of television stations in Southeast Asia
List of radio stations in the Philippines

References

Filipino culture
Television lists
William I, Duke of Normandy

William I Longsword (–942) was the second "Duke of Normandy". William added to his father's territories. He also began to expand Norman influence in West Francia (France).

Early career

William  was born to the Viking Rollo and his Christian wife Poppa of Bayeux. He was born overseas probably in England.
 His mother was from a Frankish noble family. William was baptized a Christian probably at the same time as his father, William's nickname Longsword was probably earned during the fighting in 924–925 around Beauvais, Ponthieu and Amiens.

Duke of Normandy

William succeeded his father as leader in 927 Early in his reign he faced a rebellion from by other Normans who did not think he was fit to lead them. The leader of this rebellion was Riouf of Évreux. At this same time William sent his wife Sprota to Fécamp where their son Richard was born.

In 933, William I Longsword swore loyalty to Raoul as King of Western Francia. In turn Raoul gave him lordship over much of the lands of the Bretons including Avranches and the Cotentin. But the Bretons fought to keep these lands. They were led by Alan II, Duke of Brittany and Count Berenger of Rennes. It ended shortly with Alan fleeing to England and Beranger seeking to be on friendly terms with the Normans. In 935, William arranged a marriage between his sister Adela and William, count of Poitou with the approval of Hugh the Great. At the same time William married Luitgarde, daughter of count Herbert II of Vermandois. Her dowry gave William the lands of Longueville, Coudres and Illiers l'Eveque. 
  
William Longsword attacked Flanders in 939 and Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, and Louis IV, King of France, attacked Normandy because of this. Arnulf captured the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer defeating Herluin, Count of Ponthieu. Herluin helped William Longsword to take back the castle. William was excommunicated for attacking and destroying lands belonging to Arnulf. William pledged his loyalty to King Louis IV when they met in 940. In return for this he was confirmed in lands that had been given to his father, Rollo. Almost three years later, on 17 December 942 at Picquigny on the Somme, William Longsword was attacked and killed by followers of Arnulf while at a peace conference to settle their differences.

Family

William had one son with Sprota.  

 Richard the Fearless, who succeeded his father.

William married secondly Luitgarde, daughter of Herbert II, Count of Vermandois. They had no children.

Notes

References

890 births
940s deaths
House of Normandy
Dukes and duchesses
Wall plug

A wall plug (U.K. term), or screw anchor (U.S. term), is a tool for putting a screw into a wall.

Hardware (mechanical)
Prince George of Cambridge

Prince George of Cambridge (or George Alexander Louis; born 22 July 2013) is the son of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. He is third in line to succeed his great-grandmother Queen Elizabeth II, to the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, as well as the other 15 Commonwealth realms, following his father and paternal grandfather.

References

Other websites 

 

House of Windsor
Royalty from London
2013 births
Living people
Rapcore

Rapcore (also called Punk rap) is a sub-genre of rap rock that fuses hip hop with punk rock.

References

Rap music
Hip hop genres
Fred Dretske

Frederick Irwin Dretske (December 9, 1932 in Waukegan, Illinois – July 24, 2013) was an American philosopher. He was known for his works to epistemology and the philosophy of mind.

Dretske was born on December 9, 1932 in Waukegan, Illinois. 

His later work centered on conscious experience and self-knowledge. Additionally, he was awarded the Jean Nicod Prize in 1994. Dretske received his Ph.D from The University of Minnesota and taught for a number of years at the University of Wisconsin–Madison before moving to Stanford University. 

After retiring from Stanford, he moved to Duke University where he was Senior Research Scholar in Philosophy until his death in 2013. Dretske died on July 24, 2013 from heart failure, aged 80.

References

Other websites
 Dretske's page at Duke
 An Interview with Fred Dretske  where colleagues ask about his work. From The Dualist, Stanford's Undergraduate Journal of Philosophy
 WHAT GOOD IS CONSCIOUSNESS? 
 THE MIND'S AWARENESS OF ITSELF
 Where is the Mind when the Body Performs? 
 First Person Warrant: Comments On Siewert's The Significance Of Consciousness 

1932 births
2013 deaths
American philosophers
Scientists from Illinois
Deaths from heart failure
People from Waukegan, Illinois
Tom Corbett

Thomas W. "Tom" Corbett (born June 17, 1949) is an American politician. He was the 46th Governor of Pennsylvania from 2011 to 2015. He was Attorney General of Pennsylvania before that. His performance had mixed reviews. The popularity of him was very low in the polls. He lost his re-election campaign in 2014 to Tom Wolf.

References

US Republican Party politicians
Governors of Pennsylvania
1949 births
Living people