cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Eichstätt

Eichstätt () is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.

Geography

Location
Eichstätt is on both sides of the river Altmühl in the district of Eichstätt of the Oberbayern region of Bavaria, in the heart of Altmühl Valley Nature Park.

Geology
Eichstätt is in a valley of the Franconian Jura and is famous for the quarries of Solnhofen Plattenkalk (Jurassic limestone). On the Blumenberg the Berlin specimen of Archaeopteryx was found by Jakob Niemeyer.

References

Other websites
 
 

Eichstätt (district)
Lar gibbon

The lar gibbon (Hylobates lar) is also known as the white-handed gibbon. It is a primate in the Hylobatidae or gibbon family. It is one of the better-known gibbons. It is often seen in zoos.

The fur coloring of the lar gibbon is not fixed. It can range from black and dark-brown to light brown sandy colors.

 
Lar gibbons are diurnal (they are active during the day).  They are arboreal, living in rainforests. Family groups live in a firm territory. They protect it from other gibbons by their calls.

In the wild, lar gibbons live about 25 years.

References

Other websites

Lar Gibbon photos 
Lar Gibbon songs
Gibbon Conservation Center
Lar Gibbon at Animal Diversity Web
Thomas Geissmann's Gibbon Research Lab and Gibbon Network

Old World monkeys
Mammals of Asia
Lion-tailed macaque

The lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) is an Old World monkey.
It lives in the Western Ghats mountains of India.

The hair of the Lion-tailed macaque is dark-brown or black.
There is a black tuft at the end of the tail, similar to a lion's tail. 
With a head-to-tail length of 45 to 60 cm and a weight of 3 to 10 kg, it is one of the smaller macaques.

It is a diurnal animal, active during the day.
It lives in the rainforest dweller.
It is a good climber and spends most of its life in the upper branches.
Unlike other macaques, it avoids humans.

The lion-tailed macaque is one of the rarest primates.
Many zoos take part in breeding programs to help this species survive. 
368 of these Macaque are reported to live in zoos.

References

Other websites

The Knights of the Forest - Photo-essay of Lion-tailed macaque

Old World monkeys
Mammals of Asia
Sadie Frost

Sadie Frost (born 19 June 1965) is an English actress. She runs fashion label Frost French.

Frost starred in a Jelly Tots advertisement at the age of 3. She won a scholarship to the Italia Conti Academy.
But after an early eating disorder, she gave up acting at 13. She attended Hampstead School.

As an actress, Frost has acted in: Press Gang and Casualty. Frost and her first husband Gary Kemp starred together in the 1990s film The Krays. Frost and Kemp were married for 5 years. They divorced on 19 August 1995.

In 2004, she wrote and presented a short lived series What Sadie did next... for E4. In 2005, she appeared in Eating with...Sadie Frost on BBC2. In March 2006, Frost flew to South Africa to part-fund an orphanage for the Homes of Hope project.

She met Jude Law when they were both working on the film Shopping. They married on 2 September 1997 and had three children.
Frost and Law divorced on 29 October 2003.

References

Other websites

Sadie Frost Charity Information
http://www.streamlighte14.co.uk/index.php/streamlight/penthouses/ 

1965 births
Living people
Actors from London
English movie actors
English television actors
Movie producers from London
People from Islington
Leif Erikson Day

Leif Erikson Day is a holiday that happens on October 9. It honors Leif Ericson, the Norse explorer who brought the first Europeans known to be in North America.

History
America Not Discovered by Columbus by Rasmus B. Anderson was published in 1874. This book helped make popular the idea that Vikings were the first Europeans in the New World. In 1925, American President Calvin Coolidge recognised Leif Erikson as the Discoverer of America. This was due to research by Norwegian-American scholars such as Knut Gjerset and Ludvig Hektoen. 

In 1930, Wisconsin became the first state to officially adopt Leif Erikson Day as a state holiday. A year later, the state of Minnesota did the same. By 1956, Leif Erikson Day was an official holiday seven states (Wisconsin, Minnesota, South Dakota, Illinois, Colorado, Washington, and California) and one Canadian province (Saskatchewan). 

In 1963, the U.S. Representative from Duluth, John Blatnik, introduced a bill to observe Leif Erikson Day in the rest of the United States. In 1964, the United States Congress authorized and requested the President to create the observance through a yearly proclamation. Lyndon B. Johnson and each President since have done so. Presidents have used the proclamation to praise the spirit of discovery and the contributions of Americans of Nordic descent generally. Some states officially commemorate Leif Erikson Day, particularly in the Upper Midwest, where large numbers of people from the Nordic countries settled.

Date
October 9th is not related with any event in Leif Erikson's life. The date was chosen because the ship Restauration coming from Stavanger, Norway, arrived in New York Harbor on October 9, 1825. This was the start of the first organized immigration from Norway to the United States.

References

Further reading

Other websites
Leif Erikson Day - October 9th 
Leif Ericson Viking Ship, Inc.  
 Brief History of Leif Erikson's Life & Voyages

Sample proclamations:

1998
2005
2007
2009 

Holidays
Ian McDiarmid

Ian McDiarmid () is a Scottish theatre actor and director. He was born 11 August 1944. He has also made some appearances on movie and television .

Worldwide, he is most famous for his role as Emperor Palpatine in the Star Wars live action movie series. He was in both the original and prequel trilogies. McDiarmid has been in 47 movies since 1976.

McDiarmid was born in Carnoustie in Tayside. McDiarmid went to the University of St Andrews, to study psychology. Soon after, he decided he wanted a career in the theatre instead, and took acting training courses at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow. In 1968, McDiarmid got a gold medal for his acting work.

McDiarmid was cast by George Lucas in Return of the Jedi as Emperor Palpatine, the main villain. Sixteen years later, he came back to the role as a younger Senator and Chancellor in the Star Wars prequel movies. He said that it helped to be much younger than his character the first time he played the part. The prequels had him play two faces to his character: He created an pleasant and likeable character in Palpatine's public face. Darth Sidious is the Chancellor's Sith alter ego.

Other websites
 
 
 Ian McDiarmid at Broadway.com
 Star Wars Actors Database at Nerf-Herders-Anonymous.net
 Bio from the official Star Wars site
 Bio from Hollywood.com
 B.Charles in Our Hidden Lives film-page

Scottish movie actors
Scottish stage actors
Scottish television actors
1944 births
Living people
Scottish theatre directors
Richard Briers

Richard David Briers, CBE (14 January 1934 - 17 February 2013) was an English actor whose career has contained theatre, television, film and radio. Briers was born in Raynes Park, Surrey, England.

In 1961, Briers got the lead male role in Marriage Lines in the 1960s. It was in the next decade when he played Tom Good in the BBC sitcom The Good Life that he made a household name. In the 1980s he starred in Ever Decreasing Circles. He from 2000 to 2002 came back to the spotlight with a leading role in Monarch of the Glen. Briers was the first narrator and voice actor for the show Enid Blyton's Noddy.

Richard Briers was made OBE in 1989, and CBE in 2003. 

Briers was a heavy smoker until he quit in 2003. He was diagnosed with emphysema in 2008.

References

Other websites

Richard Briers  at the BBC Comedy Guide
Richard Briers at BFI ScreenOnline

1934 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Surrey
Deaths from emphysema
Disease-related deaths in England
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Simon Callow

Simon Phillip Hugh Callow, CBE (born 15 June 1949) is an English actor, writer and theatre director.

Callow was born in Streatham, London, UK, to Yvonne Mary Guise and Neil Francis Callow. 
He attended the London Oratory School.

Callow is one of the most prominent gay actors in Britain. 
For a while Callow lived with director Daniel Kramer.

References

Other websites

Simon Callow's - MusicalTalk discussing his role as Captain Hook in Peter Pan at the Richmond Theatre, Christmas 2008.
Simon Callow  - Downstage Center interview at American Theatre Wing.org, September 2006
Simon Callow on BBC1's This Week
theartsdesk Q&A: Simon Callow (2 October 2010)

Actors from London
English LGBT people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
English theatre directors
Gay men
LGBT actors
1949 births
Living people
Elgin, Moray

Elgin (; ) is a old cathedral city and Royal Burgh in Moray, Scotland.
The town was first to the south of the River Lossie on the higher ground above the flood plain.
Elgin is first documented in the Cartulary of Moray in 1190.

In August 1040, Macbeth's army beat Duncan I at Bothganowan (Pitgaveny), near Elgin.
David I made Elgin a royal burgh around 1130, after his defeat of Óengus of Moray.
During David's reign, the castle was built at the top of what is now Lady Hill.
Edward I of England travelled twice to Elgin. During his first visit in 1296 he was impressed by what he saw. 
In the 19th century the old medieval town of Elgin was swept away, and many new buildings were added to the town centre.

Notes

Other websites
 Census data 
 Elgin Museum - Four Star Local Museum
 Elgin City FC - Official website of Elgin City FC
 Council - Moray Council
 Leisure Centre - Moray Leisure Centre
  - Official website for the Elgin Youth Cafe

Towns in Scotland
Paoli/Thorndale Line

The Paoli/Thorndale Line is SEPTA Regional Rail line that runs from Philadelphia to Thorndale in Chester County, Pennsylvania.

Rail transport in the United States
Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority
Trois-Rivières

Trois-Rivières () is a city in Quebec, Canada.
It is where the Saint-Maurice and Saint Lawrence Rivers meet. 
It was first created on July 4, 1634.
It was the second permanent settlement in New France, after Quebec City in 1608.

The city's name is French for three rivers.
It is called because the Saint-Maurice River, which is divided by two small islands at the river 's opening, has three mouths at the Saint Lawrence River.

Sister city
Trois-Rivières is twinned with:
 Tours, France

References

Other websites 
 Official site of Trois-Rivières
 Tourisme Mauricie Regional tourist office
 Troisrivieresplus.net
 Répertoire des clubs de golf de Trois-Rivières 
 Le Nouvelliste 
 Grand-Prix de Trois-Rivières
 Pictures of Trois-Rivières  (2001 to date)

1634 establishments in North America
 
Establishments in Canada
Devin Setoguchi

Devin Setoguchi (born January 1, 1987 in Taber, Alberta) is an Canadian professional ice hockey right winger that currently plays for the Minnesota Wild. Setoguchi also played 4 seasons in the WHL; 3 for the Saskatoon Blades and 1 for the Prince George Cougars. Setoguchi is of Canadian-Japanese origins. He was drafted by the San Jose Sharks with the 8th overall pick in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft. Setoguchi went on to play 4 seasons with the Sharks before being traded along with Charlie Coyle and a first round pick in the 2011 NHL Entry Draft to the Minnesota Wild for Brent Burns and second round pick in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

Other websites 

1987 births
American Hockey League players
Calgary Flames players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
ECHL players
Ice hockey people from Alberta
San Jose Sharks players
Living people
Los Angeles Kings players
Minnesota Wild players
Prince George Cougars players
Saskatoon Blades players
Winnipeg Jets players
Nickelodeon on CBS

Nick on CBS was a Saturday morning children's programming block for CBS that began on September 16, 2000, replacing CBS Kidshow. This Saturday morning block presented programming from Nick Jr., which at a time shared common ownership with CBS under Viacom. When the block first properly aired, it was hosted by Face from Nick Jr.
On September 14, 2002, Nick Jr. on CBS was re-branded as Nick on CBS, and airing both Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. shows. The Nickelodeon shows were removed in 2005 in favor for a return to an exclusively-Nick Jr. block. The block's continuity was provided by segments featuring Piper O'Possum.

At the beginning of New Year's Eve 2005, Viacom split into two different companies, with CBS Corporation becoming its own standalone company and Nickelodeon going to new Viacom. Nick Jr. on CBS ended on September 9, 2006 and was replaced by KOL Secret Slumber Party on CBS on September 16, 2006, as part of a multi-year partnership between CBS and Cookie Jar Entertainment.

All programming during the block, as is standard for Saturday morning network programming, was labelled as meeting E/I requirements, as tennous as some of the claims of educational content may have been. This is part of the reason why some of Nickelodeon's most popular programs (most notably SpongeBob SquarePants and The Fairly OddParents) did not appear on the block, even during the more open-formatted Nick on CBS era.

Programming

Nick Jr.

Live-action/animated series

Animated series

Nickelodeon

Live-action series

Animated series

Block slogans
Nick Jr. is Just for Me! (2000-2002)
Nick on CBS, Cool! (2002-2004)
Solo! (2004-2005)
Nick Jr. Play to Learn (2005-2006)
Nick Jr, Playtime (2009)

References

Columbia Broadcasting System
Nickelodeon
Children's television series
Jackie Cooper

Jackie Cooper (September 15, 1922 – May 3, 2011) was an American actor, television director and producer. He started working as a child actor. He died in a Beverly Hills Hospital after a sudden illness.

He was born in Los Angeles in 1922 as John Cooper, Jr. As a child, he appeared in the Our Gang television series as "Skippy". In 1931, at the age of nine, he was nominated for a "Best Actor" Academy Award. He became the youngest actor ever nominated for Best Actor. He was best known later in life as the Daily Planet editor Perry White in the Superman movies of the 1970s and 80s.

References

Other websites 

 

American movie actors
American television actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
Actors from Los Angeles
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1922 births
2011 deaths
Black and Tans

The Black and Tans was a group of soldiers who suppressed the revolution in Ireland from 1920 to 1921. It was mainly made of British veterans from World War I. They were called the Black and Tans because of the light khaki trousers and black/dark green tunics that they wore. Its main purpose was to target the Irish Republican Army. However, it also did many attacks on the Irish civilian population.

1920s in Ireland
Irish War of Independence
1920 in the United Kingdom
1921 in the United Kingdom
Cape Helles

Cape Helles is a rocky area at the south-westernmost end of the Gallipoli peninsula, Turkey. It was the scene of fighting between Turkish and British troops during the Gallipoli Campaign, 1915. It is now the site a memorial for this campaign.

References

Landforms of Turkey
World War I
Capes
Katerina Kazelis

Katerina Kazelis (4 March 1977 in Malmö, Sweden) is a Swedish singer and Big Brother 2011 housemate of Serbian and Greek origin. Before entering the Big Brother house on February 20, 2011 she was a school teacher. Kazelis has been nominated each week except for two when she won immunity after winning a Big Brother task, however, she also survived each elimination round since week one in the house. On May 8, Kazelis was evicted from the Big Brother house.

Kazelis has become the most talked about housemate of the 2011 season of the show after several outburst and also her outspoken ways about her fellow housemates.

On June 6, Kazelis released her first music single called "Make You One Of Mine", during Nyhetsmorgon on TV4 the same day Kazelis revealed that a music video had been made and that she will release her debut music album later in 2011.

References

Other websites 
Official website

1977 births
Living people
Big Brother contestants
Swedish singers
People from Malmo
Parabola

The parabola (from the Greek παραβολή) is a type of curve. Menaechmus (380–320 BC) discovered the parabola, and Apollonius of Perga (262 BC–c190 BC) first named it.

A parabola is a conic section. If a cone is dissected by a plane which is parallel to one of the surfaces of the cone, the result is a parabola. The point where the parabola reaches its maximum or minimum is called the "vertex." At this point the curvature of the parabola is greatest.

Each parabola has a focal point. Any ray that enters the parabola and is parallel to the axis of symmetry will pass through this point after being reflected by the curve. Because of this fact, parabolas are important in devices such as satellite dishes, or magnifying mirrors. Parabolas are often used to approximate curves that are more difficult to model by themselves.

Every parabola uses the equation , where ,  and  are constants, and  is not equal to .  

Conic sections
Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation

The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (abbreviated to GHMC) is an urban planning agency that oversees Hyderabad, India. The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation is also the local government for the City of Hyderabad.

Companies of India
Hyderabad, India
Christian Schwegler

Christian Schwegler (born 6 June 1984 in Ettiswil) is a Swiss footballer. He plays for Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga as defender.

He started with FC Luzern in the Swiss Challenge League (2nd division) and went on to Arminia Bielefeld in Germany but after one half of the season he went back to Switzerland. There he played for BSC Young Boys Bern. In 2009 he signed with FC Red Bull Salzburg where he played regularly as right defender. He is known for his long throw-ins (up to 35 meters).During the match versus SV Mattersburg on 27th March 2010 he shot his first goal for Salzburg. In the first half of the 2010/11 season he was injured and could not play the rest of the year.

Christian Schwegler has a younger brother who is also a professional footballer playing for Eintracht Frankfurt in the German Bundesliga.

Honours
Austrian Champion
1x with FC Red Bull Salzburg (2010)

Other websites
Red Bull Salzburg profile 
football.ch profile
Guardian Football Stats 

Swiss footballers
1984 births
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Living people
Chien-Ming Wang

Chien-Ming Wang (born March 31, 1980) is a Taiwanese Major League Baseball player. He plays for the Cincinnati Reds.  He is a pitcher.  Before he played for the Nationals, Wang played for the New York Yankees. He got 19 wins in the year of 2006 and 2007 and became the first Asian to be the win champion.

However, after his injury in 2008, he started to pitch horribly as he attained an era of 9.64 along with 1 win and 6 losses in the 2009 season. He then got injured again and the New York Yankees did not renew his contract after. He became a free agent.

In 2010, the Washington Nationals signed Wang and helped him recover from his injuries. He did not attend any games in this season.

Wang pitched his first game on July 29, 2011 and ended the season with 11 starts, recorded 4–3 with a 4.04 ERA.

On March 15, 2012, Wang was once again injured. When he recovered, his starting position has been replaced by Ross Detwiler and he pitched as a relief pitcher and sometimes a starter pitcher. But he still did not do well this season.

Living people
1980 births
Washington Nationals players
Taiwanese people
New York Yankees players
Fiat Seicento

The Fiat Seicento is a car produced by Fiat. It replaced the Fiat Cinquecento in 1998 and like its predecessor is produced in Poland. Sales of it in the UK ran until early 2004 when it was replaced with the second-generation Panda. It was replaced by the new Fiat 500 in 2007, but production of the Seicento continues until 2010.

Models and engines

899 cc petrol engine, 29 kW (40 hp) 
 S
 SX
 Young
 Citymatic

1108 cc petrol engine, 40 kW (54 hp) 
 Sole
 Sound
 Suite
 Hobby
 Brush
 Sporting

Electrical engine, 30 kW (41 hp) 
 Elettra

Seicento
Front wheel drive vehicles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Business alliance

A business alliance is an agreement between businesses, most of the time to help lower cost and improve service for the customer. Alliances are often connected by an agreement with shared risk and opportunity for all business involved. They are usually managed by a project team. An example of this is code sharing in airline alliances.

There are five basic types of alliances:

 Sales alliance
 Solution-specific alliance
 Geographic-specific alliance
 Investment alliance
 Joint venture alliance

References

Related pages
 Business group
 Strategic alliance
 Competition regulator

Business
Peace Sells

"Peace Sells" is a song by the American thrash metal band Megadeth from the 1986 album Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?, written by Dave Mustaine. It, along with Wake Up Dead from the same album, has been a staple at Megadeth concerts. Lyrically, it deals with negative stereotypes about "metalheads", all of which Mustaine claims are untrue. VH1 has ranked "Peace Sells" at #11 on their list of the 40 greatest metal songs of all time.

Music video
Music video was produced for the song, which features a teenage boy, wearing a Slayer t-shirt, watching a montage of a live Megadeth performance and war footage on his living room television set. The boy's father, states "What is this garbage you're watching? I want to watch the news!," and changes the television channel to a news station using the remote control. His son, replying with "This is the news!," changes it back to the Megadeth performance using the TV set's channel knob. This part of the video was parodied by comedian Brian Posehn in his Metal by Numbers video. The beginning of the video also showed the explosion of the original low-cost skull used on the previous album Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!

Appearances and covers
Opening bassline was used as the theme for MTV News. Mustaine claims he never received any royalties for MTV's usage of the song.
It is featured in 2002 video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City.
It is featured in video game True Crime: Streets of LA.
It is featured in video game NHL 10.
It is playable track in 2008 music video game Rock Band 2.
It is downloadable content for 2009 music video game Guitar Hero 5.
Tigertailz covered the song and it can be found on their 1991 B-sides compilation album Banzai!.

1986 songs
Megadeth
A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery is an 18th-century oil painting by Joseph Wright of Derby. Its full title is A Philosopher giving that Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun. The painting shows a teacher talking about the sun and planets to his class. Wright later created his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (National Gallery, London) in 1768.

Wright's The Orrery, caused a great debate, because in the past, only religious events were used to express awe. Wright used science to do so. In an age of much new technology, he treated religious events and scientific miracles.  In the orrery demonstration, the shadows created by the lamp mimic the sun, and it is a part of the display of heliocentrism. He used a single candle to make his painting dramatic. In two later paintings, the lighting is normal.

One person called Wright "a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way". The Orrery was painted without payment. Wright expected that Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers, an amateur astronomer, will buy the painting, because Shirley had his own orrery, and Wright's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying with him. Figures are considered to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers. In the picture, Burdett is taking notes and Ferrers is seated with his son next to the orrery. Ferrers purchased the painting for £210, but the 6th Earl sold it at an auction. It is now held by Derby Museum and Art Gallery as its permanent display.

Some people say that John Whitehurst was the model for the teacher. However, other people say the figure is similar to "a painting of Isaac Newton by Godfrey Kneller".

Related pages
Joseph Wright of Derby
Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Notes

References

Egerton, Judy (1998), National Gallery Catalogues (new series): The British School. catalogue entry pp. 332–343, 

Guilding, Ruth, and others, William Weddell and the transformation of Newby Hall, Jeremy Mills Publishing for Leeds Museums and Galleries, 2004, , 9780901981691, Google books

Waterhouse, Ellis, (4th Edn, 1978) Painting in Britain, 1530–1790. Penguin Books (now Yale History of Art series), 

18th-century paintings
Collections of Derby Museum and Art Gallery
British paintings
Frankfurt Parliament

The Frankfurt Parliament (, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany. Session was held from May 18, 1848 to May 31, 1849 in the Paulskirche, Frankfurt|Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main. It was elected during the "March Revolution" in the states of the German Confederation.

The assembly produced the so-called Paulskirche Constitution () which proclaimed a German Empire based on the principles of parliamentary democracy. This constitution fulfilled the main demands of the liberal and nationalist movements of the Vormärz and provided a foundation of human rights. The parliament also proposed a constitutional monarchy headed by a hereditary emperor (Kaiser). The Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm IV did not accept the office of emperor when it was offered to him. He argued such an offer was an offence against the rights of the princes of the individual German states. In the 20th century, however, major elements of the Frankfurt constitution became models for the Weimar Constitution of 1919 and the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany of 1949.

References

William Carr: A History of Germany, 1815-1945. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1969.
Frank Eyck: Frankfurt Parliament, 1969 
Rosemary O’Kane: Paths to Democracy: Revolution and Totalitarianism. New York: Routeledge. 2004. pgs 96-98.
 Brian E. Vick: Defining Germany: The 1848 Frankfurt Parliamentarians and National Identity (Harvard University Press, 2002).  –

Other websites
Text of the Paulskirche Constitution on Documentarchiv.de

1848 in Europe
1849
1840s in Germany
Democracy movements
Parliaments
Politics of Germany
Revolutions
Frankfurt
Honeydew (melon)

Honeydew, also known as honey melon or green melon, is a type of melon in the cultivar group muskmelon. Cucumis melo Inodorus group, which includes crenshaw, casaba, Persian, winter, and other mixed melons.

Melons
Angkor Wat

Angkor Wat () is a temple complex at Siem Reap, Cambodia, built for the Hindu king Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and capital city. Before long it became a Buddhist site. It is the world's largest religious building. Angkor fell into decline after the 14th Century.

References

Other websites

 Angkor Wat - APSARA Authority Official Description
 

Archaeological sites in Asia
Buddhist buildings
Hinduism
World Heritage Sites in Asia
Hindu temples
Buildings and structures in Asia
12th-century establishments in Asia
Establishments in Cambodia
Paranthropus robustus

Paranthropus robustus was originally discovered in Southern Africa in 1938. The development of P. robustus, namely in cranial features, seemed to be aimed in the direction of a "heavy-chewing complex". Because of the definitive traits that are associated with this robust line of australopithecine, anthropologist Robert Broom erected the genus Paranthropus and placed this species into it.

Australopithecines
Australopithecus garhi

Australopithecus garhi is a gracile australopithecine species discovered in Ethiopia. The remains of this hominin are believed to be a human ancestor species, and perhaps the ancestor of the human genus Homo. The fossils were found in 1996 in the Bouri Formation. This is in the Middle Awash of Ethiopia's Afar Depression.

Earliest stone tools 
Some primitive shaped stone tool artifacts closely resembling Olduwan technology were discovered with the A. garhi fossils, dating back roughly 2.5 and 2.6 million years old.  The tools are thought to be older than those found with Homo habilis, which may be a direct ancestor of more modern hominins. 

For a long time anthropologists assumed that only members of early genus Homo had the ability to produce sophisticated tools. At another site in Bouri, Ethiopia, roughly 3,000 stone artifacts had been found to be about 2.5 million years old in age. Australopithecus garhi may have been the species responsible for making and using these earliest stone tools.

References 

 

Australopithecines
Alexander Sulzer

Alexander Sulzer (born May 30, 1984) is a German professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for Düsseldorfer EG of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Sulzer has also played in the NHL for the Nashville Predators, Florida Panthers, Vancouver Canucks, Buffalo Sabres and the DEL for the Hamburg Freezers and DEG Metro Stars. He was traded to the Florida Panthers on February 25, 2011 for a conditional draft pick in the 2011 NHL Draft.

Other websites 

1984 births
American Hockey League players
Buffalo Sabres players
Florida Panthers players
German ice hockey players
Living people
Nashville Predators players
Sportspeople from Bavaria
Vancouver Canucks players
Ice hockey defencemen
World Nuclear Industry Status Report

The World Nuclear Industry Status Report is a yearly report about the global challenges facing the nuclear power industry. The reports show that the share of nuclear-generated electricity in the overall global energy production has decreased in the 2000s. Nuclear power now accounts for about 13 percent of the world’s electricity generation and 5.5 percent of primary energy.

2010-11 report
The World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2010-2011 is authored by Mycle Schneider, Antony Froggatt, and Steve Thomas and published by the Washington-based Worldwatch Institute. The foreword is written by Amory Lovins.
 
According to the report, the international nuclear power industry has been unable to stop the slow decline of nuclear energy. The world’s reactor fleet is aging quickly and not enough new units are coming online. As of April 1, 2011, there were 437 nuclear reactors operating in the world, which was seven fewer than in 2002. The Olkiluoto plant has had particular problems:
The flagship EPR project at Olkiluoto in Finland, managed by the largest nuclear builder in the world, AREVA NP, has turned into a financial fiasco. The project is four years behind schedule and at least 90 percent over budget, reaching a total cost estimate of €5.7 billion ($8.3 billion) or close to €3,500 ($5,000) per kilowatt.

The report says that the  Fukushima I nuclear accidents have made things more difficult for nuclear energy. There is "no obvious sign that the international nuclear industry could eventually turn empirically evident downward trend into a promising future", and the Fukushima nuclear disaster is likely to accelerate the decline. With long lead times of 10 years and more, it will be difficult to maintain, let alone increase, the number of operating nuclear power plants over the next 20 years. Moreover, says the report, it is clear that nuclear power development cannot keep up with the pace of renewable energy commercialization.

References

Other websites
The End of Nuclear , Worldwatch Institute, 2011.  

Nuclear energy
Cowboys from Hell

Cowboys from Hell is Pantera's fifth album and their first Atco Records album. It was recorded at The Dallas Sound Lab in Irving, Texas and released on July 24, 1990. This was their first commercially successful album, exposing the band's groove metal style to mainstream audiences.

Track listing

Personnel 
Philip Anselmo – lead vocals
Diamond Darrell – guitar, backing vocals
Rex – bass, backing vocals
Vinnie Paul – drums
Produced, Engineered, and Mixed by Terry Date and Pantera
Assistant Engineer - Matt Lane
Mastered by Howie Weinberg at Masterdisk, New York City.

Other websites
 

1990 albums
2010 albums
Mycle Schneider

Mycle Schneider (born 1959 in Cologne) is a German energy consultant, and lead author of The World Nuclear Industry Status Reports. In 1997 he received the Right Livelihood Award.

Life and work
Mycle Schneider is a nuclear energy expert based in Paris who has been adviser to members of the European Parliament on energy issues for more than 20 years. From 1998 to 2003, Schneider advised on energy policy for the French environment minister's office and the Belgian minister for energy and sustainable development. Since 2000 he has been a consultant on nuclear issues to the German environment ministry. He has also provided energy consulting for the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Schneider is a member of the International Panel on Fissile Materials, and the nuclear non-proliferation group Independent Group of Scientific Experts (IGSE), which is based at Hamburg University.  Since 2004 he has overseen the Environment and Energy Strategies lecture series for the Environmental and Energy Engineering Program at the French École des Mines in Nantes.

Award
In 1997, along with Jinzaburo Takagi, Schneider received the Right Livelihood Award “... for serving to alert the world to the unparalleled dangers of plutonium to human life.”

Publications
Schneider writes many publications on the safety and economic trends of the nuclear industry. He is co-editor of the 2009 book International Perspectives on Energy Policy and the Role of Nuclear Power. His World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2009 was published by the German government.  Schneider and Antony Froggatt wrote the Systems for Change report for the Heinrich Böll Foundation in 2010. Also in 2010, Schneider wrote a chapter in the book Nuclear Power’s Global Expansion: Weighing Its Costs and Risks. He has commented extensively on the implications of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster.

Related pages
Amory Lovins
Christopher Flavin
Energy conservation
Renewable energy commercialization
Joseph Romm
Benjamin K. Sovacool

References

1959 births
Living people
Energy
People from Cologne
Caesars Palace

Caesars Palace is a luxury hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. Caesars Palace is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corp. Caesars is on the west side of the Strip, between the Bellagio and the Mirage.

Caesars Palace has 3,960 rooms. There are five towers in the hotel: Augustus, Centurion, Roman, Palace, Octavius and Forum. The Forum tower features guest suites with  of space. It is the only venue in Las Vegas to host a World Series of Poker Circuit Event.

Entertainment and attractions

Caesars offers additional attractions including:

Fall of Atlantis—free show
Festival Fountain—free show
Pure Nightclub a nightclub
A number of world-famous restaurants and celebrity chefs

In popular culture

Film
Hells Angels on Wheels 1967
Hell's Angels '69 1969
Where It's At 1969
The Electric Horseman 1979
Pleasure Palace
History of the World, Part I 1981
Rocky III 1982
Oh, God! You Devil 1984
You Ruined My Life 1987
Rain Man 1988; setting of the famous card counting scene.
Hearts Are Wild 1992
Showgirls 1995
Fools Rush In 1997
The Strip 1999
Rush Hour 2 2001
Ocean's Eleven 2001
Intolerable Cruelty 2003
Dreamgirls 2006
10.5: Apocalypse
Category 6: Day of Destruction
Iron Man 2008
The Hangover 2009; the main characters stayed in the hotel.
In the video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, it is called "Caligula's Palace"
2012 2009
The Guilt Trip (film) 2012

References

Las Vegas, Nevada
Gambling
Buildings and structures in Nevada
Entertainment venues
Homo cepranensis

Homo cepranensis is a proposed name for a human species, known from only one skull cap discovered in 1994. The fossil was discovered by archeologist Italo Biddittu and was nicknamed "Ceprano Man" after a nearby town in the province of Frosinone, 89 kilometers Southeast of Rome, Italy.

The age of the fossil is estimated to be between 350,000 to 500,000 years old.[3] An adjacent site, Fontana Ranuccio, was dated to 487,000 +/- 6000 years and Muttoni et al. suggest that Ceprano is most likely 450,000 years old. The cranial features on the bone seem to be intermediate between those found on Homo erectus and those of later species such as Homo heidelbergensis which dominated Europe long before Homo neanderthalensis. There is yet not enough material to make a complete analysis of the individual.

Hominids
Homo antecessor

Homo antecessor is an extinct human species dating from 1.2 million to 800,000 years ago, that was discovered by Eudald Carbonell, Juan Luis Arsuaga and J. M. Bermúdez de Castro. H. antecessor is one of the earliest known human varieties in Europe. 

The best-preserved fossil is a maxilla that belonged to a 10-year-old individual found in Atapuerca, Spain. At the site were numerous examples of cuts where the flesh had been flensed from the bones, which indicates that H. antecessor could have practised cannibalism.

Related pages 
 Human timeline

Hominids
Right Livelihood Award

The Right Livelihood Award, widely known as the Alternative Nobel Prize, is a major international award to honour those "working on practical and exemplary solutions to the most urgent challenges facing the world today". The prize was started in 1980 by Jakob von Uexkull, and is presented each year in early December. An international jury, invited by the five regular Right Livelihood Award board members, decides the awards in such fields as environmental protection, human rights, sustainable development, health, education, and peace. The prize money is shared among the winners, usually numbering four, and is EUR 200,000.

The prize has been awarded to a diverse group of people and organisations, including Mycle Schneider, Amory Lovins, Astrid Lindgren, Bianca Jagger, Mordechai Vanunu, and Petra Kelly.

References

Awards
Dorothy Wise

Dorothy Wise (1914–1995) is an American professional pool player. She was born in Spokane, Washington. When she first started playing pool professionally, there were very few national tournaments for women. She won many local and state tournaments, so she called herself the world champion. The first national tournament for women happened in 1967. She won and kept winning for the next five years. She lost the title in 1972. She played in the final against 13-year-old Jean Balukas.

She became a member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame in 1981. She was the first woman to be made a member.

Dorothy learned to play pool from her husband, Jimmy Wise. He managed billiard parlors (where people play pool) in several cities around the western United States. He watched Dorothy win the first national championship in 1967, but died later that year.

References 

1914 births
1995 deaths
Sportspeople from Washington
Cue sports
People from Spokane, Washington
Joe Balsis

Joe Balsis was an American professional pool player. He was born in Minnersville, Pennsylvania. He was Armed Services Champion in 1944. Between 1965 and 1975 Balsis was in the finals of the U.S. Open five times. He won in 1968 and 1974. He won the Billiard Room Proprietor's Association tournament in 1965 and the World All-Around championship in Johnston City, Illinois in 1966. He is a member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame.

References 

1921 births
1995 deaths
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Rudolph Wanderone

Rudolf Walter Wanderone (né Wanderon Jr.; January 19, 1913 – January 15, 1996), popularly known as Minnesota Fats or New York Fats,  was an American professional pool player. He never won a world championship. 

His first nickname was "Brooklyn Fats" and then "New York Fats." Wanderone named himself "Minnesota Fats" after the character in the movie The Hustler. Wanderone was the host of a national television show, "Celebrity Billiards," during the 1960s. He is a member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame.

References 

Cue sports
1913 births
1996 deaths
People from New York City
Steve Mizerak

Steve Mizerak (October 12, 1944, in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, USA – May 29, 2006) was an American professional pool player. He was a world champion during the 1970s and early 1980s. He won the U.S. Open four times: each year from 1970 to 1973. He also won the PPPA World Open title in 1982 and 1983. In 1986, he was in the movie The Color of Money. He is a member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame.

References 

People from Perth Amboy, New Jersey
Sportspeople from New Jersey
1944 births
2006 deaths
Gelug

The Gelug or Gelug-pa, is a school of Tibetan Buddhism founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), a philosopher and Tibetan religious leader. The first monastery he established was at Ganden, and to this day the Ganden Tripa is the nominal head of the school, though its most famous person is the Dalai Lama. There are others Gelug Masters, like Trijang Rinpoche and Ling Rinpoche.

Tsongkhapa was a big promoter of the Kadampa (Bka'-gdams-pa) teachings and the mahāyāna principle of universal compassion as the fundamental spiritual orientation. He combined this with a strong emphasis on the cultivation of in-depth insight into the doctrine of emptiness as taught by the Indian masters Nāgārjuna (2nd century) and Candrakīrti (7th century). Tsongkhapa said that these two aspects of the spiritual path, compassion and insight into wisdom, must be rooted in a big wish for liberation driven by a genuine sense of renunciation. He called these the "Three Principal Aspects of the Path", and said that it is on the basis of these three that one must embark on the profound path of vajrayāna Buddhism.

The central teachings of the Gelug School are the Stages of the Path (lamrim), based on the teachings of the Indian master Atiśa (c. 11th century) and the systematic cultivation of the view of emptiness. This is combined with the yogas of highest yoga tantra deities such as Guhyasamāja, Cakrasaṃvara, Yamāntaka and Kālacakra, where the key focus is the direct experience of the union of bliss and emptiness.

Tibetan Buddhism
Audie Murphy

Audie Leon Murphy (June 20, 1925 in Kingston, Hunt County, Texas – May 28, 1971 in Brush Mountain near Roanoke, Virginia), was an American actor and soldier who fought during World War II. He was given the Medal of Honor.

Biography 
Murphy was of Irish descent. His was the son of Berry Emmett Murphy and Josie Bell Killian. He grew up on farms near Farmersville and Greenville, Texas. When his father left the family, Audie stopped his studies at primary school in fifth grade to help support his family. 

Murphy joined the Army in 1942. His first assignment was being sent to Morocco as a replacement in the 3rd Platoon in 1943. Audie Murphy was very good in several battles. In Italy, his abilities as a combat infantryman earned him promotions and decorations for his heroism. After being wounded in combat, Murphy was removed from the battlefield and promoted to Lieutenant. The Lieutenant General Alexander Patch, commander of the Army, gave him the Medal of Honor. Audie Murphy also received 33 U.S. medals for his courage and heroism in battle.

Career 
Audie Murphy began his acting career in 1948, in the comedy movie Texas, Brooklyn & Heaven. It was directed by William Castle. Murphy has been one of the best known Hollywood actors in westerns movies. He played the role the legendary "Billy the Kid" in The Kid from Texas (1950) directed by Kurt Neumann, and then playing another legend Jesse James in Kansas Raiders (1950), by Ray Enright. His greatest successes were Westerns was The Duel at Silver Creek (1952), by Don Siegel, Gunsmoke (1953) and Drums Across the River (1954) directed by Nathan Juran, Destry (1954) and The Guns of Fort Petticoat (1957) directed by George Marshall, Night Passage (1957) with James Stewart, The Unforgiven (1960) with Burt Lancaster, Gunfight at Comanche Creek (1963) one of his best movies. Murphy also had a television series Whispering Smith (1961). In it he played the role of Tom 'Whispering' Smith, for 26 episodes of the TV Western. 

Another of his great works for the movies were war movies, such as To Hell and Back (1955) by Jesse Hibbs. It was a biography of his story during World War II.

Related pages
 List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

References 

Audie Murphy: War Hero and Movie Star by Judy Alter
Daily Reading Activities: Winter, by Remedia Publications

Other websites 

1925 births
1971 deaths
Actors from Texas
American military personnel of World War II
American movie actors
Aviation deaths in the United States
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
6-plus-6-instruments

6-plus-6-instruments are musical instruments having each 12 tones. Their keys or cords are in two rows. In each row the tone distance is a whole-tone distance. The distance between both rows is a half-tone distance. So there is the same fingering in all 6 scales where the base tone is in the same row. If there is a third row, which is the same like the first row, there is the same fingering in all 12 scales, e. g. on a piano with a Janko keyboard.

Musical instruments
Belper

Belper is a town on the A6 road, in Derbyshire, England. In 2001 there were 20,548 people living in Belper.

References 

Towns in Derbyshire
Oakham

Oakham is a town in Rutland, England. In 2001 there were 9,975 people living in Oakham.

References 

Towns in England
Settlements in Rutland
Melton Mowbray

Melton Mowbray is a town in Leicestershire, England. It's Market days date back over 1000 years.

References 

Towns in Leicestershire
Sleaford

Sleaford is a town in Lincolnshire, England. In 2001, 14,494 people lived in Sleaford.

References 

Towns in Lincolnshire
Coalville

Coalville is a town near the M1 motorway in Leicestershire, England. Coalville only dates back 175 years.

References 

Towns in Leicestershire
Rugeley

Rugeley (pronounced Rooj-lee) is a market town in Staffordshire in the West Midlands of England. It is 7.9 miles (12.7 km) north of the cathedral city of Lichfield and 9.8 miles (15.8 km) southeast of Stafford, the county town. The 2011 census revealed that just over 24,000 people live in Rugeley.

It is on the north-eastern edge of Cannock Chase and is next to the River Trent.

The Trent & Mersey Canal flows through the town.

Although the town is in Staffordshire, it is in the Walsall postcode area, a town in the West Midlands, and the WS15 postcode district.

The town has two railway stations, Rugeley Town and Rugeley Trent Valley. Rugeley Trent Valley is on the West Coast Main Line and provides long-distance trains to London, Birmingham and Crewe. Rugeley Town is on the Chase Line and provides direct local trains to Walsall and Birmingham.

Rugeley used to have its own newspaper, the Rugeley Times. It was published from Bow Street in the town. However, the paper was sold to the Staffordshire Newsletter.

Twinning
Rugeley is twinned with:
 Western Springs, Illinois, U.S.

Gallery

Towns in Staffordshire
Swaffham

Swaffham is a town on the A1065 road in Breckland District, Norfolk, England. In 2001 there were 6,935 people living in Swaffham.

References 

Breckland
Towns in Norfolk
Cromer

Cromer is a town in Norfolk, England. In 2001 there were 7,749 people living in Cromer.

References 

North Norfolk
Port cities and towns of England
Port cities and towns of the North Sea
Towns in Norfolk
Bridlington

Bridlington is a town in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. In 2001 there were 33,837 people living in Bridlington.

References 
 

Towns in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Wicki-Hayden note layout

In music, the Wicki-Hayden note layout has the same advantage over the traditional keyboard layout as the 6-plus-6-system: There is the same fingering in all 12 scales. It is used for the Hayden duet concertina. Kaspar Wicki patented it in 1896 in Switzerland.  Brian Hayden, a concertina player, refined this layout and patented it again in 1986 in Great Britain.

Keyboard instruments