cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
The Flash (movie)

The Flash is an upcoming American superhero movie based on the DC Comics character of the same name. It is produced by DC Films, The Disco Factory, and Double Dream, and set for distribution by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is set to be the twelfth movie in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).

Background
The movie is directed by Andy Muschietti from a screenplay by Christina Hodson. It stars Ezra Miller as Barry Allen / The Flash alongside Ben Affleck, Michael Keaton, Sasha Calle, Kiersey Clemons, Maribel Verdú, and Ron Livingston. In The Flash, Allen travels back in time to prevent his mother's murder, which causes many problems.

The movie is inspired by the comic book storyline Flashpoint, featuring multiple DC Comics characters including Affleck and Keaton as different versions of Batman.

The Flash is scheduled to be released in the United States on November 4, 2022.

Cast 
 Ezra Miller as Barry Allen / The Flash:A police forensic investigator from Central City and member of the Justice League who can move at superhuman speeds using the Speed Force.
 Ben Affleck as Bruce Wayne / Batman:A wealthy socialite from Gotham City, leader of the Justice League, and owner of Wayne Enterprises who became the vigilante known as Batman following his parents' murder.
 Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman:An older version of Wayne from an alternative universe. Keaton reprises his role from Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992).
 Sasha Calle as Supergirl: A powerful Kryptonian with similar powers, abilities, and costume to Superman.
 Kiersey Clemons as Iris West: A journalist for the Picture News and love interest of Barry Allen.
 Michael Shannon as General Zod: A Kryptonian general who possesses the same powers as Superman, and was previously killed by the latter. Shannon reprises his role from Man of Steel.
 Antje Traue as Faora-Ul: General Zod's sub-commander, who was sent to the Phantom Zone years prior. Traue reprises her role from Man of Steel.
 Maribel Verdú as Nora Allen: Barry's mother who was murdered in his youth. Her husband Henry was blamed for her death.
 Ron Livingston as Henry Allen: Barry's father, who was wrongfully convicted for the murder of his wife. Livingston replaces Billy Crudup, who played the character in other DCEU movies.

Additionally, Saoirse-Monica Jackson and Rudy Mancuso have been cast in undisclosed roles. Temuera Morrison, who plays Aquaman's father Thomas Curry will also appear in the movie.

References

2022 movies
American superhero movies
DC Extended Universe movies
Warner Bros. movies
Farhan Akhtar

Farhan Akhtar (born 9 January 1974) is an Indian actor, director, screenwriter, playback singer, producer, and television host who works in Hindi films. Born in Mumbai to screenwriters Javed Akhtar and Honey Irani, he grew up under the influence of the Hindi film industry. He began his career in Bollywood by working as an assistant director in Lamhe (1991) and Himalay Putra (1997).

Akhtar directed his first film, Dil Chahta Hai (2001) and received critical acclaim for portraying modern youth in the film, which won the National Award for Best Hindi Film the next year. Following this success, he directed the cult war film Lakshya (2004) and had his Hollywood debut through the soundtrack of Bride and Prejudice (2004), for which he and sister Zoya Akhtar served as lyricists. Next came the commercial successful Don (2006), his third directorial venture, post which he directed a short film titled Positive (2007) to spread awareness on HIV-AIDS.

Although he initially started his acting career with a delayed release in the Anand Surapur-directed drama The Fakir of Venice, Akhtar made his official screen debut with Rock On!! (2008) for which he won a second National Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi as producer, and indulged in further experimentation with Zoya's directorial debut Luck By Chance (2009) and the Vijay Lalwani-directed Karthik Calling Karthik (2010), before he wrote the dialogues and served as producer for the critical and commercial success Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara (2011) starring him in a leading role, which won him 4 Filmfare Awards, including Best Supporting Actor. The same year, after directing a sequel to Don titled Don 2 (2011), which remains his highest-grossing film till date, he achieved further success by portraying Milkha Singh in the 2013 film Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, earning him the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. Later, he received praise for starring in Zoya's ensemble comedy-drama Dil Dhadakne Do (2015) and Bejoy Nambiar's crime thriller Wazir (2016).

References
Don (2006 Hindi movie)

Don, also known as Don: The Chase Begins Again, is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Farhan Akhtar. The film was produced by Ritesh Sidhwani and Akhtar's production company Excel Entertainment. The film stars Shah Rukh Khan and Priyanka Chopra, with Arjun Rampal, Kareena Kapoor, Boman Irani, Isha Koppikar, and Om Puri appearing in supporting roles. Don is a remake of the 1978 film of the same name starring Amitabh Bachchan. The soundtrack was composed by Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy, with lyrics by Javed Akhtar.

The film was released on 20 October 2006, during the Diwali festive season, on the same day as Jaan-E-Mann starring Salman Khan, Akshay Kumar and Preity Zinta. It was generally well received by critics, with praise for Khan and Chopra's performances, the action sequences, music, production design, and cinematography. A major commercial success, Don grossed over 1.06 billion at the box-office against a production and marketing budget of 400 million and was the fifth highest-grossing Indian film of 2006. The film also received nine nominations at the 52nd Filmfare Awards, including Best Film and Best Actor for Shahrukh Khan. A sequel entitled Don 2 was released on 23 December 2011.

Cast 
 Shah Rukh Khan as Don / Vijay (Double Role)
 Priyanka Chopra as Roma
 Kareena Kapoor as Kamini
 Isha Koppikar as Anita
 Arjun Rampal as Jasjeet Ahuja
 Boman Irani as Deputy Commissioner of Police De Silva, alias Vardhaan
 Om Puri as Inspector Vishal Malik
 Pavan Malhotra as Narang
 Rajesh Khattar as Singhania
 Tanay Chheda as Deepu Ahuja
 Satyajit Sharma as Mystery man
 Chunky Pandey as T.J.
 Sushma Reddy as Geeta Ahuja, Jasjeet's wife
 Diwakar Pundir as constable Shinde

References

2006 movies
Hindi-language movies
Indian movies
Don 2

Don 2 (also known as Don: The King Is Back) is a 2011 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film written, co-produced and directed by Farhan Akhtar. It is the second installment in the Don series. Jointly produced by Excel Entertainment and Red Chillies Entertainment, the film stars Shah Rukh Khan, Priyanka Chopra, Lara Dutta, Om Puri, Boman Irani and Kunal Kapoor. This film is a sequel to the 2006 film Don (2006). The film's music was composed by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy, while Javed Akhtar wrote the lyrics. Jason West served as the film's cinematographer and Ritesh Soni was its editor.

Don 2 was released on 23 December 2011. The film had a mixed to positive reception from critics, receiving praise for the cast's performance, cinematography, production design, and action sequences. However, its pace and music received criticism. With a box office gross of over , Don 2 was a big box office success. At the time of its release, the film was one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time and is the highest-grossing Indian film of 2011. The film received a number of accolades across various ceremonies in India. The film received five nominations at the 57th Filmfare Awards, including Best Film, Best Director for Akhtar and Best Actor for Khan, winning Best Sound Design and Best Action.

Cast 
 Shah Rukh Khan as Don
 Priyanka Chopra as Roma Bhagat, an Interpol Officer
 Boman Irani as Vardhaan
 Lara Dutta as Ayesha Pradhan
 Kunal Kapoor as Sameer "Sam" Ali
 Om Puri as Vishal Malik, Head of the Malaysian Interpol
 Alyy Khan as J.K. Dewan, Vice-President of the Deutsch Zentral Bank (DZB)
 Nawab Shah as Abdul Jabbar
 Sahil Shroff as Arjun Shergill
 Rajesh Khattar as Singhania
 Hrithik Roshan in a cameo appearance (as Don in disguise)

References
Supergirl

Supergirl is the name of several fictional superheroine characters appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The original and most well known Supergirl is Kara Zor-El, also known as the cousin of the superhero Superman. 

The character made her first appearance in Action Comics #252 (May 1959) and was created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino. More Supergirl comic books were made in 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.

In 2015, the live action Arrowverse series Supergirl debuted on CBS and then moved to The CW after the first season and is played by Melissa Benoist. Sasha Calle will appear as Supergirl in the upcoming DC Extended Universe movie The Flash (2022).

References

DC Comics superheroes
Dil Dhadakne Do

Dil Dhadakne Do () is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama movie directed by Zoya Akhtar, and produced by Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar. The movie features an ensemble cast of Anil Kapoor, Shefali Shah, Priyanka Chopra, Ranveer Singh, Anushka Sharma and Farhan Akhtar, with a voice-over performance by Aamir Khan as the family dog Pluto, the narrator of the movie. The supporting cast also includes Rahul Bose, Zarina Wahab, Vikrant Massey, Pawan Chopra, Parmeet Sethi, Dolly Mattdo and Manoj Pahwa. The soundtrack was composed by the trio Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy, with lyrics by Javed Akhtar. The movie was released worldwide on 5 June 2015 to positive reviews from critics, who praised the performances of Kapoor, Shah, Chopra and Singh, who portrayed the members of the Mehra family, as well as Akhtar's direction, cinematography and costumes. The movie grossed 1.45 billion at the box office against a production and marketing budget of 850 million, and earned a number of accolades. It received five Filmfare nominations, winning Best Supporting Actor for Kapoor. Dil Dhadakne Do also received nine nominations at the 2016 Screen Awards, including Best Film, and won two, Best Supporting Actor for Kapoor and Best Ensemble Cast.

Cast 
 Anil Kapoor as Kamal Mehra
 Shefali Shah as Neelam Mehra
 Priyanka Chopra as Ayesha Mehra
 Ranveer Singh as Kabir Mehra
 Anushka Sharma as Farah Ali
 Farhan Akhtar as Sunny Gill
 Aamir Khan in a voice-over as Pluto Mehra
 Rahul Bose as Manav Sangha
 Zarina Wahab as Smita Sangha
 Vikrant Massey as Rana Khanna
 Ridhima Sood as Noorie Sood
 Pawan Chopra as Prem Mehra
 Ayesha Raza Mishra as Indu Mehra
 Parmeet Sethi as Lalit Sood
 Dolly Minhas as Naina Sood
 Manoj Pahwa as Vinod Khanna
 Preeti Mamgain as Vandana Khanna
 Shireesh Sharma as Jamaal Hashmi
 Divya Seth as Saira Hashmi
 Ikhlaque Khan as Amrish Gill
 Vandana Sajnani as Anju Chopra
 Sarah Hashmi as Divya Mehra
 Khushi Dubey as Putlu Mehra

References
Sasha Calle

Sasha Calle (; born August 7, 1995) is an American actress. She is known for her work in the soap opera The Young and the Restless as chef Lola Rosales. She will play the superheroine Supergirl in the DC Extended Universe media franchise, starting in The Flash (2022).

Calle was born in Boston, Massachusetts.  She is of Colombian descent.

References

Other websites

Living people
1995 births
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
American television actors
American movie actors
Maribel Verdú

María Isabel Verdú Rollán (born 2 October 1970) (), is a Spanish actress. She played Luisa in Alfonso Cuarón's 2001 movie, Y tu mamá también and Mercedes in Guillermo del Toro's 2006 movie, Pan's Labyrinth.

In March 2021, she was cast as Barry Allen/The Flash's mother Nora Allen on the upcoming DC Extended Universe movie The Flash (2022).

References

1970 births
Living people
Spanish movie actors
Spanish television actors
Spanish voice actors
Spanish stage actors
Actors from Madrid
Iris West

Iris West is a fictional character, a supporting character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She has been the main love interest and later wife of Barry Allen / The Flash.

On television, Candice Patton plays her in the 2014 The CW television series. In the DC Extended Universe, Kiersey Clemons plays the character.

References

Fictional characters introduced in the 1950s
DC Comics characters
Daniel Maldini

Daniel Maldini (born 11 October 2001) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Serie A club Milan.

Early life 
Maldini was born in Milan, the second son of then A.C. Milan captain Paolo Maldini and Adriana Fossa, a model from Venezuela. His grandfather Cesare also captained Milan in the 1960s, making him the third generation to make appearances for the club. His elder brother Christian played for Milan's youth teams and went on to play professionally at a lower level.

Daniel then joined Milan's youth system in 2010.

References 

Italian footballers
2001 births
A.C. Milan players
Association football midfielders
Living people
Sportspeople from Milan
Godot

Godot is a free and open source game engine. It can be used to make simple 2D games. It can also be used to make 3D games, but not very efficiently compared to other game engines. It is released under the MIT license. It currently uses OpenGL as its only renderer, but Vulkan support is planned to be added soon.

References

Video game technology
Floride Calhoun

Floride Bonneau Calhoun (née Colhoun; February 15, 1792 – July 25, 1866) was the wife of prominent U.S. politician John C. Calhoun. She is best known for her leading role in the Petticoat affair, which occurred during her husband's service as vice president of the United States. In that role, Mrs. Calhoun led the wives of other Cabinet members in ostracizing Peggy Eaton, the wife of Secretary of War John Eaton, whom they considered a woman of low morals. The affair helped damage relations between John C. Calhoun and President Andrew Jackson, and effectively ended any legitimate chance of him becoming president of the United States.

Second Lady 
Eight years later in 1825, she became Second Lady of the United States, following her husband's election as vice president, serving in that role until his resignation in 1832. She served from 1825 to 1832.

Second Ladies of the United States
1792 births
1866 deaths
E-flat (disambiguation)

E-flat may refer to:
 E♭(musical note)
 E-flat major
Executioner tree frog

The executioner tree frog, executioner clown frog or hangman swamp frog (Dendropsophus carnifex) is a frog that lives in the Andes Mountains in Ecuador.  Scientists have seen it between 1250 and 2500 meters above sea level. Scientists think it might also live in Colombia.

The adult male frog is 2.5 to 2.8 cm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 2.9 to 3.3 cm long.  This frog is pale in color, light brown to bronze, with darker marks on its skin.

It is called the "executioner tree frog" because scientist John D. Lynch found many of the sample frogs.  In English, "lynch" means to kill someone by hanging them by the neck.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Euskirchen

Euskirchen (; Kölsch: Öskerche) is a town and capital of Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

References

Other websites 

Euskirchen (district)
Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia
Mujhse Shaadi Karogi

Mujhse Shaadi Karogi () is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie directed by David Dhawan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala. The movie stars Salman Khan, Akshay Kumar and Priyanka Chopra in the lead roles. The supporting cast includes Amrish Puri, Kader Khan, Satish Shah and Rajpal Yadav.

Mujhse Shaadi Karogi was released on July 30, 2004 to positive reviews, receiving praise for its direction, performances, music, cinematography, art direction, costumes and styling. With a box-office gross of  565 million, the movie was a commercial success, becoming the third-highest-grossing Indian film of the year. Mujhse Shaadi Karogi was nominated for three Filmfare Awards. The film received thirteen nominations at the 2005 IIFA Awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Dhawan), Best Actor (Khan) and Best Actress (Chopra), winning five awards. It received ten Screen Awards nominations, including Best Film.

Cast 
 Salman Khan as Sameer Malhotra
 Akshay Kumar as Shani "Sunny" / Arun Khanna
 Priyanka Chopra as Rani Singh
 Amrish Puri as Colonel Jugraj Singh
 Kader Khan as Mr. Duggal
 Satish Shah as Suraj Prakash
 Rajpal Yadav as Raj Purohit Jyotshi and Paul
 Amrita Arora as Roma
 Vindu Dara Singh as a gang member
 Supriya Karnik as Rama Jugraj Singh, the colonel's wife and Rani's mother
 Shashikala as Grandma Malhotra
 Upasana Singh as Mrs. Suraj Prakash
 Parth Dave as young Sameer
 Shefali Jariwala as Bijili
 Sajid Khan as himself
 Kurush Deboo as a dog-seller
 Rajesh Vivek as Chutki Baba

Cricketers made cameo appearances as themselves:
 Irfan Pathan
 Javagal Srinath
 Ashish Nehra
 Harbhajan Singh
 Parthiv Patel
 Kapil Dev
 Mohammad Kaif
 Navjot Singh Sidhu

References
Amrish Puri

Amrish Lal Puri (22 June 1932 – 12 January 2005) was an Indian actor, who was an important figure in Indian theatre and cinema. He is remembered for playing iconic villainous roles in Hindi cinema as well as other Indian and international film industries. To Indian audiences he is the most remembered for his role as Mogambo in Shekhar Kapur's Hindi film Mr. India (1987), and to Western audiences, he is best known as Mola Ram in Steven Spielberg's Hollywood film Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984). He is also notable for films such as Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge, Mohabbatein, Pardes, Gadar: Ek Prem Katha, and Mujhse Shaadi Karogi.

He predominantly appears on Hindi language films, but he had also appeared in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, and Marathi language films. Puri won three Filmfare Awards for Best Supporting Actor.

He died on January 12, 2005, at the age of 72, due to myelodysplastic syndrome, after suffering from it for two weeks.

References

Indian actors
Bad Münstereifel

Bad Münstereifel is a spa town in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Sister towns and cities 
Bad Münstereifel is twinned with:

  Ashford, United Kingdom
  Fougères, France

References

Other websites 

 www.badmuenstereifel.de the official Website

Spa towns in Germany
Euskirchen (district)
Mechernich

Mechernich (, Kölsch: Meischernisch) is a town in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Districts 
The districts of Mechernich are:

Antweiler, Berg, Bergbuir, Bergheim, Bescheid, Bleibuir, Breitenbenden, Denrath, Dreimühlen, Eicks, Eiserfey, Firmenich, Floisdorf, Gehn, Glehn, Harzheim, Heufahrtshütte, Holzheim, Hostel, Kalenberg, Kallmuth, Katzvey, Kommern, Kommern-Süd, Lessenich, Lorbach, Lückerath, Mechernich, Obergartzem, Rissdorf, Roggendorf, Satzvey, Schaven, Schützendorf, Strempt, Urfey, Voißel, Vollem, Vussem, Wachendorf, Weiler am Berge, Weißenbrunnen, Weyer and Wielspütz.

Twin town 
The twin town of Mechernich is Nyons, France.

References 

Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia
Euskirchen (district)
Kalinga (historical region)

Kalinga was a kingdom in what is now the country of India. It included a large part of Odisha, northern Andhra Pradesh and a small part of Chhattisgarh. It was an independent kingdom.

Kalinga fought against the Maurya Empire in 261 BC. The Maurya Empire was led by Ashoka. The effects of the war were described by Ashoka in Major Rock Edict 13. About 150,000 people were killed during this war.

Kalinga was an important port for trade because it was easy to reach Southeast Asia from there. Kalinga again became an independent state after the death of Ashoka. In Sangam literature, it is mentioned that Kharvela of Kalinga tried to invade north India against Pushyamitra, the founder of the Sunga Dynasty, but there is no clear evidence of that. The Sunga Dynasty was founded just after the Mauryan.

History of India
Zero-coupon bond

A zero-coupon bond is a special bond, where there are no periodic interest payments. At the end of the runtime, it will be repaid at the agreed value. There may be compensation for inflation. Usually, zero coupon bonds have long runtimes.

References

Finance
Force 136

The Force 136 was a Far East branch of the British World War II intelligence organisation, the Special Operations Executive (SOE). Originally set up in 1941 as the India Mission with the cover name of GSI(k), it absorbed what was left of SOE's Oriental Mission in April 1942. The man in overall charge for the duration of the war was Colin Mackenzie.

The organisation was established to encourage and supply resistance movements in enemy-occupied territory, and sometimes try sabotage operations. Force 136 operated in the regions of the South-East Asian Theatre of World War II which were taken over by Japan from 1941 to 1945: Burma, Malaya, China (Hong Kong), Sumatra, Siam, Indochina and Singapore.

References

Organisations based in the United Kingdom
World War II
Tan Chuan-Jin

Tan Chuan-Jin (; born 10 January 1969) is a Singaporean politician. He is the current Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore since 11 September 2017.

References

1969 births
Living people
Singaporean politicians
Chief Justice of Singapore

The Chief Justice of Singapore is the highest post in the judicial system of Singapore. The Chief Justice is appointed by the President, chosen from candidates recommended by the Prime Minister. The current Chief Justice is Sundaresh Menon.

Government of Singapore
Chief justices
Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore

The speaker of the Parliament of Singapore is the presiding officer of the Parliament of the Republic of Singapore. The current Chief Justice is Tan Chuan-Jin.

Government of Singapore
Singaporean politicians
Parliament of Singapore

The Parliament of Singapore is the national unicameral legislature of Singapore.

Government of Singapore
Parliaments
Self-governance of Singapore

The self-governance of Singapore happened in several stages. Since 1819 up to 1959, Singapore had been under the colonial rule of the United Kingdom. The first local elections on a limited scale for several positions in the government of Singapore started in 1948 following a change to the Constitution of Singapore.

This was further changed with the Rendel Constitution, strengthening local representation. Singapore was granted full internal self-government in 1959, but the colonial administration still controlled external relations and shared control of several key internal policies such as internal security.

In 1963, Singapore joined Malaysia, ending colonial rule and becoming an autonomous state within the country. After a fallout in the relations between the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and the People's Action Party (PAP), the ruling parties of the Federation and Singapore at the time, full independence came about with Malaysia forcing Singapore to leave in 1965.

References

History of Singapore
Malaysia Agreement

The Malaysia Agreement or the Agreement relating to Malaysia between United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Federation of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak and Singapore was the agreement which combined what is today Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore with the existing states of the Federation of Malaya, now known as Malaysia. Singapore was later expelled from Malaysia, becoming its own country 9 August 1965.

References

History of Malaysia
Treaties
2021 Rio de Janeiro shootout

On 6 May 2021, at least 25 people were killed in a shootout between police and drug traffickers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The raid happened in Jacarezinho, a favela in Rio de Janeiro. The police raid happened before noon, following reports that a local drug gang was trying to recruit children.

The shootout caused the highest-ever death toll from a police raid in Rio de Janeiro.

References

2021 in Brazil
2021 mass shootings
Crime in South America

May 2021 events
2021 shootout
Artifact (error)

In natural science and signal processing, an artifact or artefact is any error in the perception or the way any information is represented or introduced by the equipment or technique(s).

Computer science
In computer science, digital artifacts are abnormalities introduced into digital signals because of digital signal processing.

Microscopy
In microscopy, visual artifacts are sometimes introduced when processing samples into slide form.

Remote sensing

Medical imaging
In medical imaging, artifacts are wrong representations of structure of tissues. They are made by imaging techniques such as ultrasound, X-ray, CT scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These artifacts may be caused because of the energy-tissue interaction between ultrasound and air. Physicians usually learn to recognize some of these artifacts to avoid mistaking them for actual pathology.

Radar
Radar echoes from something causes ghost images to appear. All those echoes must be filtered in order to get the where the object is, how fast it is going and the type of object it is. It may include aircraft, and weather.

References 

Medical imaging
Optics
Francis, Duke of Châtellerault

François de Bourbon (or Francis of Bourbon), Duke of Châtellerault (1492 – 13 September 1515) was a French prince from the House of Bourbon-Montpensier, a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon (itself a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty). He was the brother of Louis II, Count of Montpensier, Charles III, Duke of Bourbon (also known as The Constable of Bourbon), Louise de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier, and Renée of Bourbon (who became Duchess of Lorraine on 26 June 1515, less than three months before François's death).

Life

François de Bourbon was the third and youngest son of Gilbert de Bourbon, the Count of Montpensier, and his noble Italian wife Clara Gonzaga, with both of François's parents dying before he even became a teenager. François fought loyally under the command of his elder brother Charles in Guyenne and Navarre and was rewarded for his services by Francis I of France with the Duchy of Châtellerault in February 1514. François de Bourbon was killed in action on 13 September 1515 at the Battle of Marignano (in what is now the northern Italian city of Melegnano, in Lombardy) against the Swiss during the Italian Wars. After François's death, the Duchy of Châtellerault passed onto François's elder brother Charles, who was already Duke of Bourbon. After Charles's death in 1527 during the Sack of Rome, French King Francis I's mother Louise of Savoy inherited the Duchy of Châtellerault, with it becoming a part of the French royal domain after Louise's death in 1531. Later on, the Duchy of Châtellerault was given to Charles II de Valois, Duke of Orléans, the third and youngest son of Francis I of France.

François de Bourbon never married but was rumored to have had an illegitimate daughter named Isabelle de Bourbon (who allegedly married a Spaniard named Laurent Suarez, the Count of Corunna), but this was never actually proven.

References

1492 births
1515 deaths
House of Bourbon
House of Bourbon-Montpensier
House of Capet
Capetian dynasty
French royalty
French nobility
16th-century people
Dukes of Châtellerault
Military leaders of the Italian Wars
Military personnel killed in action
Cadet branch

A cadet branch is the part of a family that is descended from a younger son (or daughter). Cadet branches are important for royal succession since if the main royal branch runs out of people (or out of males, if females are not allowed to inherit the throne), then a cadet branch would inherit the throne. However, sometimes there were also cases where a cadet branch acquired a throne before the main royal branch actually ran out of males, such as when Louis-Philippe of France became French King after Charles X of France abdicated due to the Revolution of 1830 even though Charles X still had a surviving son and grandson of his own during this time.

References

Nobility
Genealogy
The Man Who Would Be King

The Man Who Would Be King is a 1975 British American adventure movie directed by John Huston and was based on the 1888 novella of the same name by Rudyard Kipling. It stars Sean Connery, Michael Caine, Christopher Plummer, Saeed Jaffrey, Shakira Caine, Jack May and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1976.

Other websites
 
 
 

1975 movies
1970s adventure movies
British adventure movies
American adventure movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Afghanistan
Movies directed by John Huston
Five Nights at Candy's

Five Nights at Candy's is a free-to-play indie game fanmade by Emil Macko. Five Nights at Freddy's was the original inspiration to making different kinds of fangames such as Five Nights at Candy's. The Five Nights at Candy's also has a series that is up to 3. The Five Nights at Candy's 4 is so far still trying to be created. (As of May 2021)
Games
European Institute for International Law and International Relations

The European Institute for International Law and International Relations (EIIR) in French (L'Institut Européen pour le Droit International et les Relations Internationales) is a European Think Tank based in Brussels, Paris and Geneva, it's an independent policy institute and N.P. organisation based in Paris, France and Brussels, Belgium, represents a center dedicated to studies and research on international law, international relations, strategic topics and social life. The EIIR is a laboratory for strategic studies to combine both legal and strategic studies in the same frame. The institute provides a forum in Europe, annually hosting events, debates, and negotiations.

Overview 
The European Institute for International Law and International Relations (EIIR) is an independent, international not-for-profit think tank dedicated to managing risk and building resilience to promote peace, security, and sustainable development.

The European Institute for International Law and International Relations was founded in 2009 by Mahmoud Refaat in Paris and since 2013 in Brussels and Geneva as a think tank and policy institute. The Institute is administrated by members of boards consisted of ex-politicians, ambassador and professors of political science, international law, international relations, economy, etc.

The main focuses of the EIIR are international law, international relations, human rights, international security, international conflict and military balance

Scope of work 
The European Institute for International Law and International Relations (EIIR) is dedicated to manage risk and building resilience to promote peace, security, and sustainable development. 
through a mix of policy research, strategic analysis, publishing, and convening. With staff from more than twenty countries and a broad range of academic fields, EIIR has offices facing European Union headquarters in Brussels and offices in Paris and Geneva.

The European Institute for International Law and International Relations achieves physical activities in areas of conflict in different parts of the world to put an end to civil conflicts, war and to sue war criminals in front of international justice. 
In recent years the work of the institute has been focused on peace and developments in the Middle East and North Africa region, the development of an EU-Foreign and Security Policy, International Security, also – on a smaller range – on specific topics in Latin America and Africa.

Practice areas 

 International relations
 International law
 Human rights
 International security
 International conflict
 Military

Offices 

  Brussels
  Paris
  Geneva

References

Other websites 
 

International relations
2008 establishments in Europe
Killing of Ma'Khia Bryant

On April 20, 2021, Ma'khia Bryant, a 16-year-old African American girl, was fatally shot by a police officer. Bryant had been trying to stab another person in Columbus, Ohio. The officers tried to stop Bryant from doing so. Bryant was transported to a local hospital. She was pronounced dead half an hour later. The incident is still under investigation.

The police were wearing body cameras, and the cameras recorded the shooting.

References

2021 in the United States
2021 deaths
April 2021 events
2004 births
2021 crimes
Central, Louisiana

Central is a suburb of Baton Rouge, located in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, United States.

Cities in Louisiana
Twait shad

The twait shad or twaite shad (Alosa fallax) is a fish. It was much eaten, and thought to be one of the best-tasting fish. 

Its life style is rather similar to the salmon. The adults live in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, but come up rivers to breed. They have vanished from the dinner table because the Victorians build weirs in the Severn which stopped the fish getting to their breeding grounds  The Severn, in SW England, is vital to the fish. It is by far the largest river opening in that part of the Atlantic. Overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction have also helped the shad's decline.

Now, ways round the weirs are being built, so the fish can once again reach its ancestral breeding grounds.

References 

Edible fish
Clupeiformes
Threatened species
Bob the Builder: Can We Fix It?

Bob the Builder: Can We Fix It? is a game that was released in 2001 for PlayStation and PC. It was based on the CBeebies animated television series of the same name.

Characters 

 Bob
 Scoop
 Muck
 Dizzy
 Roley
 Lofty
 Wendy
 Spud
 Travis
 Mrs. Potts
 Pilchard

Games 

 Knock it Down
 Build it up
 Cake-tastic
 Wild West Wendy
 Bubble Trouble
 Scary Spud
 Tunnel time
 Help the Hedgehogs (PC Only)
 Radiator Riddle
 Fix the Leaks
 Travis Race Day (Race with Scoop or Dizzy)
 Where's Pilchard

Voice Cast

United Kingdom 

 Neil Morrissey as Bob, Roley & Lofty
 Kate Harbour as Wendy, Dizzy, Mrs. Potts & Pilchard
 Rob Rackstraw as Scoop, Muck, Travis & Spud

North America 

 William Dufris as Bob
 Lorelei King as Wendy & Mrs. Potts
 Alan Marriott as Scoop, Travis & Spud
 Lachele Carl as Muck
 Maria Darling as Dizzy & Roley
 Sonya Leite as Lofty

Other websites 
 https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/ps/580026-bob-the-builder-can-we-fix-it
 https://www.retrogames.cc/psx-games/bob-the-builder-can-we-fix-it.html
 http://www.ps1fun.com/bob-the-builder-can-we-fix-it
 https://cdromance.com/psx-iso/bob-the-builder-can-we-fix-it-usa/

PlayStation games
Action video games
2001 video games
Pac-Man (character)

Pacman is a character from the game Pac-Man. He eats pellets in the maze and has to avoid ghosts. There are also power pellets that can make Pacman eat the ghosts. There are lots of different Pacmans. If you watch Pac-Man cartoon, you'll see Pacman with arms and legs. If you play the game, he doesn't have arms or legs.

Video game characters
Power pellets

A power pellet is an item from Pac-Man. It can make Pacman eat the ghost. But he's gotta hurry because he can only eat ghosts for 10 seconds! If you play Pac-Man, you'll notice the ghosts turn blue when you eat it. If it's already 8-10 seconds, the ghosts will flash.

Video game gameplay
Follonica

Follonica is a town in Tuscany. It has about 20,000 people.

Towns in Tuscany
Capalbio

Capalbio is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
The Corn Harvesters (Filippini)

The Corn Harvesters (also known as Le Spannocchiatrici) is a 19th-century late impressionist painted in oil by Giambattista Pittoni. It was painted about 1887, in Milano, Italy. Is in the collection of the Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Milan.

Exhibition 
 Francesco Filippini Protagonista del Naturalismo, Museo di Santa Giulia, Brescia, 1999-2000

Bibliography 
 Francesco Filippini, un protagonista del Naturalismo, Ed. Skira, 1999, Cover

References

Other websites
 Galleria d'Arte Moderna «Sei stanze, una storia ottocentesca», gam-milano.com

Paintings by Francesco Filippini
Castel del Piano

Castel del Piano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Scutching of the canapa (Filippini, Pinacoteca di Brera)

The Scutching of the canapa (also known as Le stigliatura della Canapa) is a 19th-century late-impressionist oil painting by Giambattista Pittoni, made in  1887, in Milano, Italy, exhibited at the Pinacoteca di Brera.

The Scutching of the canapa di Filippini won the art prize Premio Mylius in 1889.

Bibliography 
 Francesco Filippini, un protagonista del Naturalismo, Ed. Skira, 1999, Cover

References

Other websites
  Francesco Filippini «La Strigliatura della Canapa», Pinacoteca di Brera, Milano, Numero di inventario n°: 03 00180551, ente schedatore S27, beni-culturali.eu

Paintings by Francesco Filippini
The Trip hammer (Filippini, Pinacoteca di Brera)

The Trip hammer  (also known as Il Maglio) is a 19th-century late impressionist oil painting by Francesco Filippini. It was made around 1889, in Milano, Italy, exhibited in the collection of Pinacoteca di Brera.

Description 
The painting represents some farmers intent on carding hemp.

Related pages 
Francesco Filippini

Bibliography 
 Francesco Filippini, un protagonista del Naturalismo, Ed. Skira, 1999, Cover
 Pinacoteca Brera, 1993, v. VIa, pp. 265–266, n. 292

References

Other websites
  Francesco Filippini «Il Maglio», Pinacoteca di Brera, Milano, Numero di inventario n°: 03 00180550, ente schedatore S27, beni-culturali.eu

Paintings by Francesco Filippini
Nino Camardo

Nino Camardo (born 24 February 1949 in Pisticci), italian naïve art painter.

Bibliography 
 Catalogo nazionale Bolaffi, d'arte moderna, n.8, 1973.
 Catalogo Novecento, profili di artisti contemporanei.
 Catalogo d'Arte GELMI.
 Catalogo nazionale Bolaffi dei naifs, n.2, Giulio Bolaffi Editore.
 Monografia, Nino Camardo, 1976.
 Monografia, Nino Camardo, 1980, by  Margonari, Renzo.
 Monografia, Nino Camardo, Palazzo delle Esposizioni del comune di Roma, 5 - 20 giugno 1975.
 Catalogo, Mostra personale di Nino Camardo : pittore naif : dal 5 al 16 febbraio 1971.
 Monografia, Nino Camardo, pittore naif, a cura della Associazione culturale Campano-Lucana.
 Atlante dell'Arte Contemporanea, Edizioni DeAgostini, 2020.

References

Other websites 
 Nino Camardo on Artprice.com

1949 births
Living people
Life and Extraordinary Adventures of Private Ivan Chonkin

Life and Extraordinary Adventures of Private Ivan Chonkin (, ) is a 1994 Russian Czech British French Italian World War II comedy drama movie directed by Jiří Menzel and was based on the 1969 and 1979 novel of the same name by Vladimir Voinovich. It stars Gennady Nazarov, Zoya Buryak, Vladimir Ilyin, Aleksei Zharkov, Valeri Zolotukhin, Zinovy Gerdt, Sergei Garmash, Marián Labuda.

Other websites

1994 comedy-drama movies
1990s war movies
Russian movies
Czech movies
British war movies
British comedy-drama movies
French comedy movies
French drama movies
Italian comedy movies
Italian drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Jiří Menzel
Johnny Destiny, Space Ranger

Johnny Destiny, Space Ranger or Space Black Knight in Korean, Captain of Cosmos in Hong Kong release, is a 1979/1983 South Korean-American science fiction-action adventure animated film directed by Jong Hui-Park and George Vieira produced by Geumyong Film Production and United World Films in United States, the film was released in December 22, 1979 and direct-to video released in August 15, 1983. it plagiarism the characters was Char Aznable, the green skinned Dozle.

Plot
Set in 2021, an outer space, when forces by Johnny Destiny fights an army of evil Queen to destroy the world.

Voices 
Park Youngnam/Mark Beraru - Johnny Destiny
Ilene Latter - Jane
Steve Brodie - Cappy
Mickie McGowan - Green Queen of Utopia
Gary Laine - Master
Robert Christopher - Duncan
Paul Smith - Doc
Additional voices: Frank Rada, George Vieira, Joey D. Vieira, John Blaze, George V. Davis, Anna Felice, John Koresko, Sarah Lawrence, Bob Sheckler, Robert Sheckler, Mark Slate, John Stone.

References 

1979 movies
1983 movies
American action movies
American science fiction movies
South Korean movies
Rivers of Babylon (movie)

Rivers of Babylon is a 1998 Slovakian Czech comedy movie directed by Vlado Balco and was based on the 1991 novel of the same name by Peter Pišťanek. It stars Andrej Hryc, Vladimír Hajdu, Diana Mórová, Barbora Kodetová, Miro Noga.

Other websites
 

1998 comedy movies
Slovakian movies
Czech movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Vlado Balco
Vrahovice

Vrahovice () is a village in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It is part of the municipality of Prostějov. In 2001, 3,402 people lived there.

The village was first mentioned in 1337.

Villages in the Czech Republic
Veronica se întoarce

Veronica se întoarce (Veronica Returns) is a 1973 Romanian fantasy musical movie directed by Elisabeta Bostan and is the sequel to the 1972 movie Veronica. It stars Lulu Mihaescu, Margareta Pîslaru, Dem Radulescu, Angela Moldovan.

Other websites
 

1973 movies
1970s fantasy movies
1970s musical movies
Romanian movies
Sequel movies
Movies directed by Elisabeta Bostan
San Carlos tree frog

The San Carlos tree frog or San Carlos dwarf tree frog (Dendropsophus phelobodes) is a frog that lives in Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia.  Scientists have seen it below 700 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog can be as large as 2.36 cm from nose to rear end and the adult female frog can be 2.82 cm.  This frog's head is as wide as its body is.  This frog is yellow to light brown in color with darker brown marks.  Some have narrow white stripes.  This frog eats insects, spiders, and other animals without spines.

This frog can lay eggs at any time of year, but it lays eggs mostly when the weather turns rainy.  The male frog sits 1 to 2 meters off the ground on a plant and sings for the females.  They do this near temporary bodies of water, for example flooded fields.  They do this most on the third day after a big rain.  The eggs float on the water or stick to plants.

The scientific name phlebodes comes from the Greek word "phlebos" for "vein," from the colored markings on the frog's back.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Gnocchi

Gnocchi is an Italian-type variety of dumplings. It is made of potatoes, salt, and flour. It can be used instead of pasta.

References 

Italian food
Castell'Azzara

Castell'Azzara is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Castiglione della Pescaia

Castiglione della Pescaia is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Cinigiano

Cinigiano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Civitella Paganico

Civitella Paganico is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Gavorrano

Gavorrano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Magliano in Toscana

Magliano in Toscana is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Manciano

Manciano is an Italian town in Tuscany. It has about 7,300 people.

Towns in Tuscany
Massa Marittima

Massa Marittima is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Towns in Tuscany
Monte Argentario

Monte Argentario is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Schleiden

Schleiden is a town in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

History

References 

Euskirchen (district)
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Monterotondo Marittimo

Monterotondo Marittimo is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Montieri

Montieri is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Pitigliano

Pitigliano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Towns in Tuscany
Roccalbegna

Roccalbegna is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Zülpich

Zülpich is a town in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

References 

Euskirchen (district)
Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Roccastrada

Roccastrada is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Santa Fiora

Santa Fiora is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Scansano

Scansano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Seggiano

Seggiano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Semproniano

Semproniano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Sorano

Sorano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the  Italian region of Tuscany.

Settlements in Tuscany
Laterina Pergine Valdarno

Laterina Pergine Valdarno is a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region of Tuscany.

It was created on 1 January 2018 from the former municipalities of Laterina and Pergine Valdarno.

2010s establishments in Italy
2018 establishments in Europe
Settlements in Tuscany
Blankenheim, North Rhine-Westphalia

Blankenheim is a municipality in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 
 Tourist info
 Eifel Museum Blankenheim 

Euskirchen (district)
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia
Laterina

Laterina was a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region of Tuscany. On 1 January 2018, the former municipalities of Laterina and Pergine Valdarno merged to form the new municipality of Laterina Pergine Valdarno.

Former municipalities of Tuscany
Pergine Valdarno

Pergine Valdarno was a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region of Tuscany. On 1 January 2018, the former municipalities of Laterina and Pergine Valdarno merged to form the new municipality of Laterina Pergine Valdarno.

Former municipalities of Tuscany
Dahlem, North Rhine-Westphalia

Dahlem is a municipality in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.

References 

Euskirchen (district)
Municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Castelfranco di Sopra

Castelfranco di Sopra was a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region of Tuscany. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Castelfranco di Sopra and Pian di Scò merged to form the new municipality of Castelfranco Piandiscò.

Former municipalities of Tuscany
San Giovanni Valdarno

San Giovanni Valdarno is an Italian town in Tuscany. San Giovanni Valdarno is in the Province of Arezzo. It is in the valley of the Arno River and has about 17,000 inhabitants.

Towns in Tuscany
Domléger-Longvillers

Domléger-Longvillers is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Dommartin, Somme

Dommartin is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Dommartin

Dommartin can mean:

Switzerland 
 Dommartin, Switzerland

France 
Dommartin is the name or part of the name of several communes in France:
 Dommartin, Ain, in the Ain department
 Dommartin, Nièvre, in the Nièvre department
 Dommartin, Doubs, in the Doubs department
 Dommartin, Somme, in the Somme department
 Dommartin, Rhône, in the Rhône department
 Dommartin-aux-Bois, in the Vosges department
 Dommartin-Dampierre, in the Marne department
 Dommartin-la-Chaussée, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
 Dommartin-la-Montagne, in the Meuse department
 Dommartin-le-Coq, in the Aube department
 Dommartin-le-Franc, in the Haute-Marne department
 Dommartin-le-Saint-Père, in the Haute-Marne department
 Dommartin-lès-Cuiseaux, in the Saône-et-Loire department
 Dommartin-lès-Remiremont, in the Vosges department
 Dommartin-lès-Toul, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
 Dommartin-lès-Vallois, in the Vosges department
 Dommartin-Lettrée, in the Marne department
 Dommartin-sous-Amance, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
 Dommartin-sous-Hans, in the Marne department
 Dommartin-sur-Vraine, in the Vosges department
 Dommartin-Varimont, in the Marne department