cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Unicode

Unicode is a standard for encoding computer text in most of the internationally used writing systems into bytes. It is promoted by the Unicode Consortium and based on ISO standards. Its goal is to replace current and previous character encoding standards with one worldwide standard for all languages. New versions are issued every few years and later versions have over 100,000 characters.

Unicode was developed in the 1990s and integrated earlier codes used on computer systems.

Unicode provides many printable characters, such as letters, digits, diacritics (things that attach to letters), and punctuation marks. It also provides characters which do not actually print, but instead control how text is processed. For example, a Newline and a character that makes text go from right to left are both characters that do not print.

Unicode considers a graphical character (for instance é) as a code point (alone or in sequence [e+ ‘] ). Each code point is a number with many digits which can be encoded in one or several code units. Code units are 8, 16, or 32 bits. This allows Unicode to represent characters in binary.

Encodings 
There are different ways to encode Unicode, the most common ones are:

 UTF-7 Uses 7 bits per character; relatively unpopular; officially not part of Unicode
 UTF-8 Uses 8 bits per character; a variable-width encoding that keeps compatibility with ASCII; the most common characters can be coded in 2 bytes
 UTF-16 Uses 16 bits per character; also variable-width encoding
 UTF-32 Uses 32 bits per character; a fixed width encoding

UTF8 is the most common of these for exchange. It is used for internet, electronic mail, and Java also uses a variant of it.

Problems

Other websites 
 Mapping of Unicode characters (English Wikipedia)
 The Unicode Consortium official website

Computer science
Encodings
Internet
Low pressure area

A low pressure area, or low for short, is a word used in meteorology (the study of weather) that means a place where the atmospheric pressure is lowest compared to the surrounding area. Coriolis effect causes winds to blow counter-clockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in southern hemisphere. This makes storms like tropical cyclones, extratropical cyclones, subtropical cyclones, and subpolar cyclones. They are called "low-pressure cells" in some English-speaking countries.

Meteorology
Hill fort

A hill fort is an ancient fortified refuge or defended settlement. It was usually in a place that rises from the surrounding area, given the name. This is done to exploit the rise for military advantage. The fortification usually follows the shape of the hill. Usually it is made of one or more lines of earthworks. There may also be  stockades or defensive walls, and external ditches.Maiden Castle in Dorset is the largest of around 1000 hill forts built in Britain in the Iron Age. In a hill fort, the entrance through the inner ramparts had massive timber gates. The inner rampart was 14m high and topped by a fence of huge, upright timbers. It was faced with big, limestone blocks. 

Hill forts were built since the Stone Age. They are most common during later periods though:
 Urnfield culture (c. 1300 BC - 750 BC) Bronze Age
 Hallstatt culture (c. 1200 BC - 500 BC) late Bronze Age to early Iron Age
 La Tene culture (c. 600 BC - 50 AD) late Iron Age

There are many different kinds of hill forts, they were very common. In Europe, the Celts used them for a very long time.

Ancient history
Fortification
Stone Age
Troy, Michigan

Troy, Michigan is a city in Michigan, United States. It is a suburb of the larger city of Detroit, and has over 80,000 residents. Many companies have offices in the city. It is where the world headquarters for Kmart used to be.

Cities in Michigan
Gin

Gin is a type of alcoholic drink with a high amount of alcohol in it, usually about 35-50% alcohol by volume. It was invented in the Netherlands in the 17th century, and soon became very popular in England. This became a problem when many people drank themselves to death, because gin was cheap to make and contained so much alcohol.

Gin is flavored with juniper berries. Today, gin is usually a dry liquor, which means that it is not very sweet. Gin is also very popular in cocktails - two of the most common of these are the Gin & Tonic (gin mixed with tonic water) and the martini (gin mixed with vermouth, usually with an olive added). Gin is still one of the most popular liquors to this day.

Alcoholic spirits
Girl

A girl is a young female human, either a child or a teenager. Little girls still have the body of a child. It is not until they reach puberty (which starts at age 12 on average) that their bodies start to mature and they become a woman. During puberty, a girl develops breasts, their hips and shoulders widen and they begin to have periods.

Overview
The word "girl" was used a long time ago by some people called Anglo-Saxons. Sometimes older people still refer to grown up women as "girls", especially in expressions such as "a night out with the girls". According to some Abrahamic derived traditions, the first girl that ever existed was Luluwa.

The opposite of a girl is a boy. A boy is a male child who will grow into a man.

The way girls are brought up will vary a lot between different cultures. In Western cultures, a girl traditionally wears a dress or skirt. However, many girls wear trousers (pants) these days, like boys, especially when dressed informally. Girls often grow their hair longer than boys, although this can vary a lot according to quickly changing fashions.

Gallery

Related pages

 Woman
 Girlfriend

Basic English 850 words
Myspace

Myspace is a social networking website owned by News Corp. Digital Media where people can communicate using messages, video and photo uploads, blogs, social groups, and music. Myspace was founded in 2003 and used to be the 24th most popular website in the world. Myspace was popular with young people between 2005 and 2010. MySpace's head office is in New York City.

Controversy 
Some people think Myspace is a bad site, because it makes personal information very easy to find. Many parents do not like Myspace. They would like it to shut down. Myspace says that they are a safe place for all people, and has rules to keep people safe.

NBC's Dateline has a "To Catch a Predator" series that talks about Myspace's safety problems. Although Myspace has many contradictions against them, they have not shut down.

About 
Myspace Inc. is a web page where individuals can communicate, and exchange information with their network of friends. Users can set up a personal profile, which can be changed, and new graphics and pictures and additional material can be added. All members can upload pictures to share with their friends, and others have permission to comment on their pictures and uploaded materials.

Also the user can choose to play games on, and post blogs to share with their friends and family.

Myspace has users all over the world which includes: 

 Australia 
 New Zealand 
 France 
 Germany 
 Ireland 
 Italy
 Japan 
 Mexico
 Spain 
 Canada 
 The United Kingdom 
 The United States

References

Other websites 
 Myspace homepage

2003 establishments in the United States
Companies based in New York City
Social networking
Jagex

Jagex (Java Gaming Experts) is a company that makes computer games. Its most famous game is Runescape.

References

Other websites

Video game companies of the United Kingdom
2001 establishments in England
Ella Enchanted

Ella Enchanted is a Newbery Honor book. It was written by Gail Carson Levine. It was published in 1997. It is also the title of the American movie based on the novel, released April 9, 2004. The movie was directed by Tommy O'Haver and starred Anne Hathaway and Hugh Dancy. The story is a retelling of Cinderella featuring various mythical creatures including elves, ogres, dwarves and giants.

1997 books
Children's books
Newbery Honor books
Movies about giants
Exploitation

Exploitation means using things that are available in order to benefit from it. It is usually used in a bad sense, although it can be used in a good sense as well.

If a person exploits a situation it means that they realize that they can use it to do something which will be good for them. Very often this also means that it will be bad for other people. So the first person exploits the situation and also exploits the other people.

People, especially unskilled workers, can be exploited through a sweatshop. This means that someone else uses the people's knowledge or skills in order to make them do something for them. Socialists (or communists) often talked about the "exploitation of the masses" when they were saying that Capitalism was bad. They meant that a few rich people were using all the working people to do hard work for them but paying them very little. The employers then sold the products for more money and kept the extra as profits so that they themselves could become rich.

Exploiting people still goes on today.

Related pages 
Das Kapital
Human trafficking

Vocabulary
People (magazine)

People is a weekly American magazine of celebrity and human interest stories. It is published by Time Inc. As of 2006, it had a circulation of 3.75 million. It was named "Magazine of the Year" by Advertising Age in October 2005, for very good editorial, circulation and advertising. People ranked #6 on Advertising Age's annual "A-list" and #3 on Adweek's "Brand Blazers" list in October 2006.

American magazines
Weekly magazines
Eye of Horus

The Eye of Horus was an important symbol in ancient Egypt. It was the symbol of protection and Royal Power from Ra or Horus.

Horus was an ancient Egyptian sky god in the form of a falcon. The right eye represents a peregrine falcon's eye and the markings around it. This includes the "teardrop" marking sometimes found below the eye. As the wadjet (also udjat or utchat), it also represented the sun, and was associated with the Sun God Ra (Re). The "mirror image", or left eye, represented the moon and the God Tehuti (Thoth).

In arithmetic

In the ancient Egyptian measurement system, the Eye Of Horus defined an Old Kingdom rounded off number one(1) = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/32 + 1/64, by throwing away 1/64.

 1/2 was represented by smell. This was symbolized by the right side of the eye in a form of the nose.

 1/4 was represented by sight or the sensation of light. This was symbolized by the pupil.

 1/8 was represented by thought. This was symbolized by the eyebrow.

 1/16 was represented by hearing. This was symbolized by the left side of the eye in the form of an arrow pointing towards the ear.

 1/32 was represented by taste, by the sprouting of wheat or grain from the planted stalk. This was symbolized by a curved tail.

 1/64 was represented by touch. This was symbolized by a leg touching the ground, or what can also be thought of as a strong plant growing into the surface of the earth.

References

Other websites
Eye of Horus fractions 
www.themystica.com

Egyptian mythology
Mathematics
The Great Khali

Dalip Singh Rana (born August 27 1972) is an Indian professional wrestler, actor and powerlifter. He is better known by his ring name The Great Khali. He worked for the WWE from 2006 to 2014. Before he started his professional sports career, he was an officer in the Punjab state police.

Early career 
Under the ring name "Giant Singh", Dalip Singh became a pro wrestler for All Pro Wrestling in the United States. He made his first appearance in October 2000.

On May 28, 2001, Brian Ong died while training with Singh. Ong had already suffered one concussion but was told to continue training. A second concussion was deadly for him. Because Singh caused his death, Ong's family brought a lawsuit against All Pro Wrestling. APW was made to pay the Ong family over $1.3 million.

World Wrestling Entertainment 
On January 2, 2006, Singh started working for WWE. He was assigned to Deep South Wrestling for training. Singh first appeared on WWE television on April 7, 2006. He attacked The Undertaker during his match with Mark Henry. Khali had his first WWE match on April 21, 2006 against Funaki.

In July of 2006, Khali was removed from a match against the Undertaker because of elevated liver enzymes. On August 4, 2006, he returned to SmackDown. On August 29, 2006, it was reported that Khali would be out of action for several months due to surgery on both knees.

In 2007, Singh was feuding with Batista in July before The Great American Bash. The two were scheduled for a match on PPV on Sunday, July 22, 2007. However, Edge had to give up the World Heavyweight Championship because of a pectoral injury. Khali had won the championship in a 20-man battle royal at the July 17 taping of SmackDown! He then went on to defend his title successfully against Kane and Batista at the Great American Bash.

Championships and accomplishments 
World Wrestling Entertainment
World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

Filmography 
In 2005, Singh starred in the movie The Longest Yard as Turley, one of the prison's inmates. On March 16 2007, Singh starred in the 2007 remake of  Get Smart, a movie based on the 1960s classic TV show, alongside The Rock.

Personal information 
He married Harminder Kaur on February 27, 2002.

References

Other websites 

Extended information about The Great Khali 

1972 births
Indian actors
Indian sportspeople
Living people
Professional wrestlers
WWE wrestlers
Punjabi people
Ani (god)

In Etruscan mythology, Ani is god of the sky. He is shown as living in the highest heaven. He is sometimes shown with two faces, possibly showing a link with the Akkadian god Anu and the Roman god Janus.

Notes

References 

 Jordan, Michael Encyclopedia of Gods: Over 2,500 Deities of the World New York: Facts on File 1993
 Fischer, Richard James Historical Genesis: from Adam to Abraham University Press of America, 2007

Etruscan gods and goddesses
Ancient Rome
Tecophilaea

Tecophilaea is a genus of plants in the family Tecophilaeaceae. It has two species. One of them, Chilean Blue Crocus (T. cyanocroccus), is at risk (IUCN Red List).

Asparagales
Propolis

Propolis  „for“ y  „city“ is a wax-like resinous substance collected by honey bees from tree buds (e.g. poplar) or other plant-related sources and used as cement and to seal cracks or open spaces in the beehive. It can also kill bacteria.

Bees
Home and Away

Home and Away (often called H&A) is an Australian soap opera that has been made in Sydney by the Seven Network since July 1987. The show first aired on 17 January 1988 with a two hour pilot. It is set in Summer Bay, a fictional town in New South Wales. It stars Samara Weaving with Jessica Falkholt and Cornelia Frances.

Some of the characters in the show are John, Braxton, Heath, Alf, Irene and Matilda.

Other websites 

1988 television series debuts
1980s soap operas
1990s soap operas
2000s Australian television series
2000s soap operas
2010s soap operas
New South Wales
1988 establishments in Australia
English-language television programs
Anthony Hopkins

Sir Philip Anthony Hopkins CBE (born 31 December 1937) is a Welsh actor of movies, theater and television. He is very famous for many roles in movies, especially as Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs. He has won an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Emmys and the Cecil B. DeMille Golden Globe Award.

In 2011, Hopkins played Odin in the MCU movie Thor. In 2019, he played Pope Benedict XVI in the Netflix movie The Two Popes.

Hopkins was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1993 for services to the arts. He gained US citizenship in 2000, whilst retaining his British citizenship. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2003, and was made a Fellow of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts in 2008.

Hopkins won a fifth BAFTA Award and a second Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for The Father (2020), becoming the oldest Best Actor winner to date.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 

1937 births
Living people
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Welsh movie actors
Welsh stage actors
Welsh television actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winners
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Port Talbot
Actors from Glamorgan
Turner Classic Movies

Turner Classic Movies (TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial-free classic movies, mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner Bros. film libraries, which include many MGM, United Artists, RKO and Warner Bros. titles. Movie historian Robert Osborne used to host the channel until his retirement in early 2016.

Other websites 
 TCM US 
 TCM Canada 

Time Warner
American television channels
Cable television
Internet Broadway Database

The Internet Broadway Database (IBDb) is an online database of Broadway theatre productions and their personnel. It is operated by the Research Department of the League of American Theatres and Producers, a trade association for the North American commercial theatre community.

Other websites 
Internet Broadway Database Official Website
League of American Theatres and Producers

Entertainment websites
Theater
Brigitte Bardot

Brigitte Bardot (French IPA: ) (born 28 September 1934) is a French actress, former fashion model, singer, animal rights activist, and considered one of the most important sex symbols of the 1950s and 1960s. She was one of the few actresses from Europe to which the American media paid attention.

Life and career

Born in Paris, into a well to do family, her father was an industrialist and her mother a housewife. She received a strict education but was allowed to take ballet lessons hoping to become a professional classical dancer.

In 1949, at the suggestion of a family friend, she began working as a fashion model and ended up making the cover of Elle magazine in May 1950. This led to her being noticed by movie director Yves Allegret who offered her a role in one of his movie. The movie was never made but during the audition she met his young assistant Roger Vadim. Her family was strongly against the relationship but finally gave in and they married in 1952.

That same year, she began her acting career and appeared in two films; Le trou normand and Manina, fille sans voile.

In the ensuing years, she appeared in small parts in various movies in France, Italy and England. Her career really took off in 1956, when she appeared in Vadim's movie Et Dieu créa la femme (An God created Woman), written especially for her, which made her an instant star and an international sex-symbol. From then on, her every move made headlines around the world. In 1958, she bought a house "La Madrague" in Saint Tropez, then a quiet fishermen village, which has since then become a highly touristic destination.

Other notable movies have included; En cas de malheur (1958), La vérité (1960), considered by many her best role, Vie Privée (1962), Le mépris (1963), Viva Maria (1965), etc. She also enjoyed success as a singer but mostly through recordings and television appearances.

In 1973, she decided to retire from entertainment and devote herself to her real passion the animal rights, which she continues today. She created her own foundation in 1986.

During the 1990s, she published her autobiography and other books in which she spoke openly about her political views on such things as immigration and Islam in France, mixed marriages and homosexuality, which created considerable controversy. She has angered many people who are part of these groups and was fined for incitation to racial hatred.

Bardot had four husbands and other romantic partners. After her divorce from Vadim in 1957, she married actor Jacques Charrier in 1959, with whom she had her only child, a son Nicolas, born on 11 January 1960. They divorced in 1962. Her third husband, from 1966 to 1969, was German millionaire Gunter Sachs. She has been married to Bernard d'Ormale, a right-wing political organizer, since 1992.

References

Other websites 

 
 Brigitte Bardot Foundation  for the welfare and protection of animals
 

Actors from Paris
Animal rights activists
French autobiographers
French movie actors
French Roman Catholics
1934 births
Living people
Farben Lehre

Farben Lehre is a Polish punk rock band. The band was started in 1986 in Płock, Poland.

Discography (only albums) 
 1991 - Bez pokory
 1993 - My maszyny
 1994 - Samo życie (live)
 1995 - Nierealne ogniska
 1995 - Insekty
 1996 - Zdrada
 1996 - Garażówka
 2001 - Atomowe zabawki
 2001 - Wiecznie młodzi
 2003 - Bez pokory / My maszyny
 2003 - Pozytywka
 2004 - Insekty / Zdrada
 2005 - Farbenheit
 2006 - Farben Lehre
 2008 - Snukraina
 2009 - Ferajna

Other websites 
Official Homepage

Punk bands
Billy Crystal

Billy Crystal (born March 14, 1948) is a Golden Globe Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning American actor, writer, producer, comedian, singer, movie director and television host. He became famous in the 1970s for playing Jodie Dallas on the ABC Comedy-drama, Soap.  Crystal was a castmember of Saturday Night Live.  He became a Hollywood movie star during the late 1980s and the 1990s, appearing in the box office successes When Harry Met Sally... and City Slickers.

Other websites

Billy Crystal appears on Michael Eisner's talk show on CNBC 

American movie actors
Mark Twain Prize recipients
American television actors
Actors from New York City
1948 births
Living people
Emmy Award winners
Carmen Electra

Tara Leigh Patrick (born April 20, 1972), professionally known as Carmen Electra, is an American actress, model, singer and media personality. Dubbed a "sex symbol" and "pop culture icon", Electra came to widespread recognition for playing Lani McKenzine in Baywatch (1998–1999) and for her work in 2000s parody films.  She also appeared in the films Get Over It (2001), Starsky & Hutch (2004), Cheaper by the Dozen 2 (2005) and Hot Tamale (2006), hosted the MTV show Singled Out (1997–1999) and featured with The Pussycat Dolls as a guest dancer on VH1 Divas 2004.

Filmography 
 American Vampire (1997)
 Good Burger (1997)
 Starstruck (1998)
 The Chosen One: Legend of the Raven (1998)
 The Mating Habits of the Earthbound Human (1999)
 Christmas Vacation 2000 (1999)
 Scary Movie (2000)
 Sol Goode (2001)
 Perfume (2001)
 Get Over It (2001)
 Rent Control (2002)
 Whacked! (2002)
 Uptown Girls (2003)
 My Boss's Daughter (2003)
 Starsky & Hutch (2004)
 Mr. 3000 (2004)
 Max Havoc: Curse of the Dragon (2004)
 Monster Island (2004)
 Dirty Love (2005)
 Lil' Pimp (2005) (direct-to-DVD) (voice)
 Searching for Bobby D (2005)
 Getting Played (2005)
 Cheaper by the Dozen 2 (2005)
 Date Movie (2006)
 Scary Movie 4 (2006)
 Hot Tamale (2006)
 lonelygirl362436 (2006)
 National Lampoon's Pledge This! (2006)
 Epic Movie (2007)
 I Want Candy (2007)
 Full of It (2007)
 Vaya par de productorex (2007)
 Christmas in Wonderland (2007)
 Meet the Spartans (2008)
 Last Call at Murray's (2008)
 Disaster Movie (2008)
 Leisure Suit Larry: Box Office Bust (2009) (voice)
 Mardi Gras (2009)

References

Other websites 
 Official website
 
 
 

Actors from Ohio
American dancers
Models from Ohio
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Singers from Ohio
Television personalities from Ohio
1972 births
Living people
Calista Flockhart

Calista Kay Flockhart (born on November 11, 1964) is an American actress. She was nominated for an Emmy Award. Flockhart won a Golden Globe award in 1998. She was on soap operas and other television shows. She is famous for her role as the main character in the 1997-2002 television show, Ally McBeal. She played Sally Field's daughter, Kitty Walker, on the successful ABC drama, Brothers & Sisters. She played a political campaign adviser.

References

Other websites
 
 

1964 births
Living people
American television actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Actors from Illinois
Dwight Schultz

William Dwight Schultz (born November 24, 1947 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American stage, television and movie actor. He is known for his roles as Captain "Howling Mad" Murdock on the hit 1980s action show The A-Team, and Reginald Barclay in Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Voyager and the movie Star Trek: First Contact and Lester in The Powerpuff Girls.

Other websites
 Official Website and Forum of Dwight Schultz 
 
 

American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
1947 births
Living people
Actors from Baltimore
American bloggers
Fred Savage

Frederick Aaron Savage (born July 9, 1976) is an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award-nominated American actor and television director. He is best known for his role as Kevin Arnold in The Wonder Years.

Other websites

Picture Gallery
Fred Savage at NNDB

World Poker Tour Profile

Actors from Illinois
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
People from Highland Park, Illinois
1976 births
Living people
Gene Kelly

Eugene Curran Kelly (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996), better known as Gene Kelly, was an American dancer, actor, singer, director, producer and choreographer. 

He was a great example of 20th century filmed dance, famous for his energetic and athletic dancing style, his good looks and the likeable characters that he played on screen. Although he is probably most famous today for his act in Singin' in the Rain, he was the most popular actor in the Hollywood musical movie industry from the mid 1940s to the early 1980s. Kelly died of a stroke on February 2, 1996.

Other websites
 
 
 
 The Gene Kelly Awards - University of Pittsburgh 
 Obituary, NY Times, February 3, 1996
 Naval Intelligence File on Gene Kelly 
 Gene Kelly - An American Life  - PBS

Academy Award Honorary Award winners
Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
American choreographers
American dancers
American movie actors
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Deaths from heart failure
Emmy Award winning directors
Golden Globe Award winners
1912 births
1996 deaths
Former Roman Catholics
Islamic fundamentalism

Islamic fundamentalism is supporting usage of Islamic laws, based on the Quran and hadiths in law.

Islam
Golden Globe Awards

The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and television programs, given out each year during a formal dinner. Run since 1944 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA), the awards are a major part of the film industry's "awards season" which ends each year with the Oscars and Screen Actors Guild Awards. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars and Grammys. The Golden Globes has grown to one of the highest honors for actors and actresses.

The Golden Globes are awarded early in the year, based on votes from (as of 2005) 86 part-time journalists living in Hollywood and who work for media based outside of the United States.

Other websites 
Hollywood Foreign Press Association 
Awards listing  at the Internet Movie Database
AllMusic

Allmusic, which was known as All Music Guide (AMG) before, is a database about music. It is owned by All Media Guide. All Music was created in 1991 by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine and mathematician Vladimir Bogdanov, Ph.D., as a guide for people who wish to buy music. They have published a book every year since 1992. All Music was created before the World Wide Web and was possible to consult first as a Gopher site.

Other websites
Allmusic
All Media Guide
Make it or break it: How a small-town music fetishist turned an obsession into a multimillion-dollar All Media Guide (Metro Times, Detroit)

1991 establishments in the United States
Entertainment websites
Music media
Gary Coleman

Gary Wayne Coleman (February 8, 1968 - May 28, 2010) was an American actor. Coleman was an African American who was born in Zion, Illinois, with a kidney disease causing nephritis. Nephritis is an autoimmune destruction of the kidney. The disease stopped his growth at an early age. Because of this, he was only  tall. His height was his most notable feature. He received two kidney transplants, one in 1973 and one in 1984. He then needed dialysis every day. He was adopted. He was famous for his role as Arnold Jackson in the American sitcom Diff'rent Strokes. He died of a hemorrhage cause by an accidental fall in Provo, Utah.

Movies

Television work
The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air  (guest) (as Arnold Jackson, with Conrad Bain as Phillip Drummond)
Good Times (1977 guest)
Diff'rent Strokes (1978–1986)
The Kid from Left Field (1979)
Scout's Honor (1980)
Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (episode "The Cosmic Wizz-Kid", also has a cameo in a later episode)
The Kid with the Broken Halo (1982)
The Gary Coleman Show (1982) (canceled after a few months) (voice)
The Kid with the 200 I.Q. (1983)
The Fantastic World of D.C. Collins (1984)
Playing with Fire (1985)
Like Father, Like Santa (1998)
"The Simpsons", "Grift of the Magi" (1999)
"The Drew Carey Show", "What's Wrong with this Midget? IV" (March 28, 2001)Drake and Josh (guest)A Carol Christmas (2003)'''My Wife and Kids (guest)The Jamie Foxx Show'' (guest) Cupid

Other websites 
CNN's take on Coleman's 2003 candidacy for the governorship of California

Rotten.com bio 

1968 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from hemorrhage
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Actors from Illinois
Actors from Utah
People from Provo, Utah
African American actors
American adoptees
American movie actors
American television actors
Organ transplant recipients
Comedians from Illinois
Comedians from Utah
Cameo appearance

A cameo role or cameo appearance (often shortened to just cameo) is a brief appearance of a known person in a work of the performing arts, such as plays, movies, video games and television. Such a role does not have to be an actor: short appearances by movie directors, politicians, athletes, and other celebrities are common. 

Some examples would be Alfred Hitchcock briefly appearing in some of his movies or Stan Lee always briefly appearing in Marvel-related movies.

Movie terminology
Cameo (carving)

A cameo is a kind of small sculpture. A cameo has an image in relief. The image is often a different colour to the background. An intaglio is the opposite of cameo.

History 
Cameos with portraits of people were common in the jewellery of Classical Antiquity. This type of cameo was also common in the Renaissance.

References 

Sculpture
George Peppard

George Peppard, Jr. (October 1, 1928 – May 8, 1994) was an American movie and television actor. 

His roles included in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), and the television series The A-Team, where he was the leader of the group, who was often smoking a cigar.

Peppard had lung cancer and died of pneumonia on May 8, 1994 in Los Angeles.

Movies
The Tigress (1992)
Ultra Warrior (1990)
The A-Team (1983-1987)
Hit Man (1982)
Race for the Yankee Zephyr (1981)
Your Ticket Is No Longer Valid (1981)
Battle Beyond the Stars (1980)
From Hell to Victory (1979)
Five Days from Home (1979)
Damnation Alley (1977)
Doctors' Hospital (1975-76)
Mid-Air Crash (TV) (1975)
Newman's Law (1974)
Banacek (1972-1974)
The Groundstar Conspiracy (1972)
One More Train to Rob (1971)
Cannon for Cordoba (1970)
The Executioner (1970)
Pendulum (1969)
House of Cards (1968)
What's So Bad About Feeling Good? (1968)
P.J. (1968)
Rough Night in Jericho (1967)
Tobruk (1967)
The Blue Max (1966)
The Third Day (1965)
Operation Crossbow (1965)
The Carpetbaggers (1964)
The Victors (1963)
How the West Was Won (1962)
Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961)
The Subterraneans (1960)
Home from the Hill (1960)
Pork Chop Hill (1959)
The Strange One (1957)

Other websites 
 
 
 
 George Peppard's Gravesite at Find-A-Grave

Actors from Detroit, Michigan
American movie actors
American television actors
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
1928 births
1994 deaths
Rotten Tomatoes

Rotten Tomatoes is a website dedicated to reviews, information, and news of movies and TV. The name derives from the vaudeville-era cliché of throwing tomatoes and other products at stage performers if a performance was particularly bad. The company has been owned by Flixster, a Warner Bros. company, since May 2011.

As of 2021, the website's editor-in-chief is Joel Meares.

History
Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12, 1998, as a spare time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was "to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the US".

Related pages 
 Metacritic

References

Other websites 
 , including a list of approved Rotten Tomatoes Critics  and the Rotten Tomatoes forums 

Entertainment websites
Halle Berry

Halle Maria Berry (born August 14, 1966) is an American actress. Berry has received Emmy and Golden Globe awards, and was awarded the Academy Award in 2002 for her role in Monster's Ball. She is the first and still only African American woman to have won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Berry was ranked No. 1 on People's "50 Most Beautiful People in the World" list in 2003. In March 2014, she launched her own TV production company, 606 Films.

Filmography

Awards 
Academy Awards
 Best Actress - 2001 (Monster's Ball)

Golden Globe Award
 Best Actress - Mini-series - 2000 (Introducing Dorothy Dandridge)

Emmy Award
 Outstanding Lead Actress - Miniseries/Movie - 2000 (Introducing Dorothy Dandridge)

Golden Raspberry Awards
 Worst Actress - 2004 (Catwoman)

Screen Actors Guild Award
 Best Actress - Mini-series/TV Movie - 1999 (Introducing Dorothy Dandridge)
 Best Actress - 2001 (Monster's Ball)

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 
 
 
 

1966 births
Living people
Actors from Ohio
Actresses who played Bond girls
Best Actress Academy Award winners
African-American movie actors
African-American television actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Golden Raspberry Awards

The Golden Raspberry Awards or Razzies, first awarded in 1981, were made by John J. B. Wilson in 1980, with the goal of being the opposite of the Academy Awards by dishonoring the worst movies. It is usually a plastic raspberry spray-painted gold and mounted on a plastic base, however Bill Cosby accepted a custom-made one made out of 24 carat (99.99%) gold and Italian marble.

Today, awards are voted by the membership of the "Golden Raspberry Award Foundation" (GRAF), and anyone can become a member of the foundation, something that does not happen with the Academy Awards. Usually, nominations are made public one day before the Motion Picture Academy says its Oscar nominations, and the awards are presented one day before the Oscar ceremony.

The term "raspberry" is used as a joke, as in "blowing a raspberry."

Movie awards
Blowing a raspberry

Blowing raspberries is to make a noise similar to flatulence that may signify derision,  It is made by placing the tongue between the lips, and blowing

Related pages
 Bilabial trill
 Golden Raspberry Awards, which are named after the term 

Sound
The Bronx
Joshua Jackson

Joshua Carter Jackson (born June 11, 1978) is a Canadian actor. He has appeared in American television and movies, and is famous for his role as Pacey Witter in the television series Dawson's Creek and Charlie Conway in The Mighty Ducks movie series.
He also starred as Peter Bishop on Fringe.

Movies 

Shutter (2008)
Battle in Seattle (2007)
Bobby (2006)
Shadows in the Sun (2005)
Aurora Borealis (2005)
Americano (2005)
Racing Stripes (2005) (voice)
Cursed (2005)
I Love Your Work (2003) 
The Laramie Project (2002) 
Lone Star State of Mind (2002) 
The Safety of Objects (2001)
Ocean's Eleven (2001) 
The Skulls (2000) 
Gossip (2000) 
Muppets from Space (1999) (uncredited) 
Cruel Intentions (1999) 
Urban Legend (1998) 
Apt Pupil (1998) 
Dawson's Creek (1998) (TV series) 
Scream 2 (1997)
On the Edge of Innoncence (1997) (TV movie)
Ronnie and Julie (1997)
 Robin of Locksley (1996)
Champs (1996) (TV series)
D3: The Mighty Ducks (1996)
Magic in the Water (1995)
Andre (1994)
D2: The Mighty Ducks (1994)
Digger (1993)
The Mighty Ducks (1992)
Crooked Hearts (1991)
Payoff (1991)

Other websites 
Joshua Jackson Network 
Joshua Jackson Online

1978 births
Living people
Actors from Vancouver
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
John Wayne

John Wayne (May 26, 1907 – June 11, 1979) was an Academy Award-winning, American movie actor. He has become a symbol of American man.

Early life 
Born with the name Marion Robert Morrison in Winterset, Iowa. Wayne was Scotch Irish on his father and Irish on his mother's side. During Wayne's childhood, he moved to Palmdale, California then to Glendale, California. While attending Wayne started working in small local movie companies. And also started playing football in high school and participated in the Glendale school team before being recruited by the University of Southern California (USC).

Career 
Wayne began his movie career in the 1920s. In 1928, he played an extra in John Ford's Four Sons. In 1930, he had his first leading role in The Big Trail.

Wayne was nominated for an Academy Award for Sands of Iwo Jima. One of his most important roles was that of Ethan Edwards a desperate man looking for his niece kidnapped by Comanche in the 1956 western movie The Searchers, directed by John Ford.

The Alamo was nominated for several Academy Awards. It won the award for Best Sound. Wayne received an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for his role in True Grit. His last role was in The Shootist. 
  
In 1999, the American Film Institute named Wayne thirteenth among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time.  A Harris Poll released in 2007 placed Wayne third among America's favorite movie stars, the only star on the list who has died and the only one who has appeared on the poll every year.

Cancer and death 
Wayne had lung cancer in the 1960s. He had a lung removed and recovered. He died of stomach cancer.

Filmography
Key to studio abbreviations

References

Notes

Other websites 

 http://rio-bravo.vip-blog.com
 The Official Website of John Wayne
 Official Licensee-John Wayne Six Guns-Red River  D Classic Movie Gun 
 
 
 The Un-Official Website of John Wayne
 The Birthplace of John Wayne Official Website 
 JWMB - DukeWayne.com - Largest Online Fan Community
 Find A Grave Entry
 John Wayne Cancer Foundation
 John Wayne Cancer Institute
  When Legend Becomes Fact: John Wayne and the American Identity 
 Wayne Enterprises, the sole and exclusive licensor of the John Wayne name, image, and 
 Did John Wayne die of cancer caused by a radioactive movie set?  (from The Straight Dope)
 The Religious Affiliation of John Wayne 
 John Wayne Celebrity Soundboards
 John Wayne  Profile at USC Legends
 John Wayne's Narration on America 
 An Interview with Fr. Matthew Munoz - the Grandson of Actor John Wayne by Tim Drake
 Who shares his name 
 
 John Wayne  at TopTenREVIEWS
 The Shelf: Top Ten John Wayne Westerns

Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Iowa
American movie actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
American television actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Cancer survivors
Deaths from stomach cancer
Golden Globe Award winning actors
People from Glendale, California
Stage names
1907 births
1979 deaths
Manuchehri

Abu Najm Ahmad ibn Qaus Manuchehri Damghani (c. 982 – 1040) () or Manucheri was a Persian poet. He was from Damghan in Iran. His poems are collected in a Diwan.

982 births
1040 deaths
Persian poets
Piranshahr

Piranshahr () is a city in northwest of Iran. The people of Piranshahr are mostly Kurds who consider themselves to be descendants of the Medes, one of the three Aryan tribes who migrated to Iran. Piranshahr is the capital of Mokrian district.

Cities in Iran
Abu-Shakur Balkhi

Abu-Shakur Balkhi (born 915 in Balkh) (Persian: بوشکور بلخی) or Boshakor Balkhi was a Persian poet. He lived in the Samanid era in central Asian Persia and wrote the Afarin Nama in 944. He died in Balkh, now in modern Afghanistan.

Persian poets
915 births
Year of death unknown
Nasir Khusraw

Abu Mo’in Hamid al-Din Nasir ibn Khusraw Qubadiani Marvzi (1004-1088), also known as Nāsir Khusraw Qubādiyānī Balkhi or Nasir Khusraw Balkhi was a Persian poet. He was born in a village near Balkh in modern Afghanistan. He knew about science, medicine, mathematics, astronomy and astrology. He had studied Arabic, Turkish, Greek, Hindi, Sindhi,Hebrew and Persian. He wrote the Safarnama. In Safarnama, Naser Khosrow described his journey to Mecca, Cairo and Jerusalem and many other cities. His poems are collected in a diwan. He died in Yamagan, a village in Afghanistan.

1004 births
1088 deaths
Persian poets
Anvari

Hakīm Awhad ad-Din Ali ibn Mohammad Khavarani Anvari Abivardi  (1126-1189) () or Anvari is a Persian poet. He was born in Abivard (a village between Iran and Turkmenistan) and died in Balkh (now in Afghanistan). He studied science and literature in Tun, a city in Iran. He studied science, astronomy, medicine and literature. Anvari knew Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Hindi, and even Hebrew. Anwari's poems are collected in a Diwan. He was known as the king of poets in Seljuk empire royal house.

Persian poets
1126 births
1189 deaths
Old World Underground, Where Are You Now?

Old World Underground, Where Are You Now? is a 2003 album by Canadian band Metric.  There are six videos that came out for this album between 2003/04, they are (directors in brackets): 
"Calculation Theme" (Ramon Bloomberg)
"IOU" (Steven Hanft & Michael Lustig)
"Succexy" (Ashley Cahill)
"Combat Baby" (Michael Schiller)
"Dead Disco" (Chris Grismer)
"The List" (Chris Grismer & Emily Haines)

"Combat Baby" was also a single in the UK.

Track listing
All tracks written by Metric.

"IOU" – 4:22
"Hustle Rose" – 5:33
"Succexy" – 3:05
"Combat Baby" – 3:29
"Calculation Theme" – 3:31
"Wet Blanket" – 4:07
"On a Slow Night" – 4:36
"The List" – 2:52
"Dead Disco" – 3:25
"Love Is A Place" – 2:09

Band members
Emily Haines - piano, singer
James Shaw - guitar, singer
Josh Winstead - guitar
Joules Scott-Key - drums

Production
Michael Andrews - producer
Edson Miller - engineer, mixing
Joe Gastwirt - mastering
Josh Hassin - album cover design

Official samples
Metric's official website has short clips of this album on their music page .

Lyrics
Lyrics for this album can be found on Metric's website .

2003 albums
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (, October 16, 1919 – July 27, 1980) was the last Shah of Iran. He was the Shah of Iran from the 1941 abdication of his father, until the Iranian Revolution in 1979. After the 1979 revolution, the government of Iran changed into an Islamic republic.

He died at a Cairo hospital from chronic lymphocytic leukemia on July 27, 1980 at the age of 60.

1919 births
1980 deaths
Deaths from chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Iranian people
Shahs of Iran
People from Tehran
Recipients of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
Mehdi Bazargan

Mehdi Bazargan (; 1 September, 1907 in Bazargan – 20 January, 1995) or Mahdi Bazargan was an Iranian scholar. He protested against the Shah regime in Iran. He was jailed many times for political reasons. Bazargan was Iran's first prime minister after the Iranian Revolution in 1979. He was against the United States Embassy hostage taking. He was also against the continuation of Iran-Iraq war. He resigned on November 4, 1981. Bazargan died of a heart attack on January 20, 1995 when he was travelling from Tehran to Zürich, Switzerland.

Cardiovascular disease deaths in Switzerland
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Prime Ministers of Iran
1907 births
1995 deaths
Gazelle

Gazelles are a kind of antelope. They are in the genera Gazella, Eudorcas and Nanger.

Gazelles are mostly found in the grasslands and savannas of Africa, but they are also found in southwest Asia. Gazelles are known as fast animals. They can reach high speeds for long periods of time. They usually live in herds. They eat plants and leaves. They show a special way of running slowly and jumping high when they are chased by lions or cheetahs.

Gazelle comes from the Arabic ghazăl ().

Taxonomy 
 Genus Gazella
 Mountain gazelle, Gazella gazella
 Speke's gazelle, Gazella spekei
 Dorcas gazelle, Gazella dorcas
 Saudi gazelle, Gazella saudiya†
 Chinkara, Gazella bennettii
 Cuvier's gazelle, Gazella cuvieri
 Rhim gazelle, Gazella leptoceros
 Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa
 Arabian gazelle, Gazella arabica†
 Genus Eudorcas
 Thomson's gazelle, Eudorcas thomsoni
 Red-fronted gazelle, Eudorcas rufifrons
 Red gazelle, Gazella rufina†
 Genus Nanger
 Dama gazelle, Nanger dama
 Grant's gazelle, Nanger granti
 Soemmerring's gazelle, Nanger soemmerringii

References 

Bovids
American Idiot (album)

American Idiot is the 7th album by the American punk rock band Green Day. It was released in 2004. The following songs are on the album:

 "American Idiot" – 2:54
 "Jesus of Suburbia" – 9:08
 "Holiday" – 3:52
 "Boulevard of Broken Dreams" – 4:20
 "Are We the Waiting" – 2:42
 "St. Jimmy" – 2:55
 "Give Me Novacaine" – 3:25
 "She's a Rebel" – 2:00
 "Extraordinary Girl" – 3:33
 "Letterbomb" – 4:06
 "Wake Me Up When September Ends" – 4:45
 "Homecoming" – 9:18
 "Whatsername" – 4:12

References 

2004 albums
Green Day albums
Concept albums
Punk albums
First Division

1st Division or First Division can mean:

1st Division (military), a military or naval division
First Division (sport), a division of a sporting league, typically the highest
Belgian First Division
Football League Championship, formerly called Football League First Division
Russian First Division
Scottish Football League First Division, a professional football competition in Scotland
USL First Division

en:1st Division
ru:1-я дивизия
Kabyle language

Kabyle is a Berber language (Kabyle:  , taqbaylit, pronounced ) spoken by the Kabyle people. There are 3,123,000 speakers worldwide, the majority in Algeria, where there are more 2,000,000 speakers.

Kabyle was (with some exceptions) rarely written before the 20th century; however, in recent years a small but increasing body of literature has been printed. The originally oral poetry of Si Mohand and Ait Menguellet are particularly notable in this respect.

Berber languages
Algeria
Slackware

Slackware is a GNU/Linux distribution which is famous for being stable, fast and suitable for older computers. Slackware is the oldest Linux distribution that is still supported. 

It does not offer any graphical tools for configuration; rather, the person must change it on their own using the command line interface and by editing text files.

The newest version is Slackware 15.0.

Related pages
 List of Linux distributions

Other websites 
 http://www.slackware.com - The official website.
 

Linux distributions
Tropical Storm Bret (2005)

Tropical Storm Bert was a weak storm that only lasted from June 28 to June 29. Bret hit the eastern coast of Mexico on June 29 before dying inland. Bret was also the second storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season.

Tropical Storm Bert formed close to land over the Bay of Campeche on June 28 before making landfall on Mexico a few hours later on June 29. Bert killed a total of two people.

Storm history

Tropical Depression Two formed from a tropical wave over the Bay of Campeche on June 28, and quickly strengthened and became a tropical storm. Bret then began to move steadily closer to land during the next few hours before making landfall near Tuxpan, Veracruz in eastern Mexico early on June 29 with 40 mph (65 km/h) winds.

Bret quickly weakened as it continued inland, making heavy rain over the eastern coast of Mexico before dissipating over the mountains in central Mexico late on June 29.

Impact
Damages in Mexico totaled up to $9 million (2005 USD).
Most of the damage came from floods and landslides caused by the heavy rain. Several towns were flooded very badly, including Naranjos and Chinampa (south of Tampico). This was mainly because of the overflowing of the Río Tancochin. A total of about 3,000 homes were damaged.

Two people were reported dead because of Bret. Two people inside a car were killed when the car was swept away by the floodwaters in Naranjos.

Related pages
 2005 Atlantic hurricane season

References

Other websites

 NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Bret
 NHC's Tropical Cyclone Report on Tropical Storm Bret

Atlantic tropical storms
Hurricanes in Mexico
2005 in Mexico