cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Jim Lehrer

James Charles "Jim" Lehrer (;born May 19, 1934 – January 23, 2020) was an American journalist and novelist.

Life
Lehrer was born in Wichita, Kansas. He was the executive editor and a former news anchor for the PBS NewsHour on PBS. Lehrer was also known for his role as a debate moderator in U.S. presidential election campaigns. He was an author of a number of fiction and nonfiction books. 

From 1960 until his death, he was married to novelist Kate Staples. They had three children.

Lehrer died at his home in Washington, D.C. on January 23, 2020 from a heart attack at age 85.

Awards 
Lehrer has received two Emmy Awards, the Fred Friendly First Amendment Award and the George Foster Peabody Award. He has received the William Allen White Foundation Award for Journalistic Merit and the University of Missouri School of Journalism's Honor Medal. Lehrer was honored in 1999 with the National Humanities Medal. It was given by President Bill Clinton and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton. He has been inducted into the Television Hall of Fame and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Lehrer has received honorary degrees from 42 universities and colleges.

References 

1934 births
2020 deaths
American journalists
American novelists
Emmy Award winners
Writers from Wichita, Kansas
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cecily Strong

Cecily Strong (born February 8, 1984) is an American actress, voice actress, and comedian. She is a cast member of Saturday Night Live, joining the show in 2012.

References

1984 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Comedians from Chicago
Actors from Chicago
People from Springfield, Illinois
Actors from Illinois
Michael Che

Michael Che (born Michael Che Campbell; May 19, 1983) is an American comedian, writer, and actor. He was briefly a correspondent for The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, and has previously worked as a writer for Saturday Night Live. At the end of September 2014, he became a Weekend Update co-anchor for the 40th season of Saturday Night Live, alongside Colin Jost.

References

1983 births
Living people
Actors from Manhattan
African American actors
African American comedians
American movie actors
American television actors
American television writers
Comedians from New York City
Writers from Manhattan
Colin Jost

Colin Kelly Jost (born June 29, 1982) is an American comedian, screenwriter, and head writer for the TV program Saturday Night Live. In 2014, Jost became a cast member and became the co-anchor of Weekend Update alongside Michael Che.

References

Other websites

1982 births
Living people
American television writers
Comedians from New York City
Entertainers from Staten Island
Harvard University alumni
Screenwriters from New York City
Jacques Sernas

Jacques Sernas (; sometimes credited as Jack Sernas; 30 July 1925 – 3 July 2015) was a Lithuanian-born French actor with an international movie career. He was known for his roles in Lost Youth, Helen of Troy, The Dirty Game, and in Midas Run.

References

Other websites

1925 births
2015 deaths
Lithuanian actors
French movie actors
French television actors
French stage actors
People from Kaunas
Nedelcho Beronov

Nedelcho Krumov Beronov () (22 July 1928 – 4 July 2015) was a Bulgarian jurist, right-wing politician and Constitutional Court chairman. He was a presidential candidate in the 2006 presidential elections.

Other websites
 Official website of Beronov's presidential nomination

1928 births
2015 deaths
Hungarian politicians
Civil servants
PBS NewsHour

The PBS NewsHour is an American evening television news program that is broadcast seven nights a week on more than 300 PBS stations.

The weekday program is one hour-long. It is co-anchored by Gwen Ifill and Judy Woodruff. They are the only two women leading a national nightly news program on broadcast currentlly. It is produced by WETA-TV. It is the flagship public media station for Washington, D.C.. The PBS NewsHour Weekend is 30 minutes long. It is anchored by Hari Sreenivasan and produced by New York PBS member station WNET. As the nation's first hour-long broadcast of nightly news, the PBS NewsHour is known for its in-depth coverage of issues and current events.

References 

American television news programs
Public Broadcasting Service
English-language television programs
Diana Douglas

Diana Love Dill (January 22, 1923 – July 3, 2015) was a Bermudian-born American actress who was professionally known as Diana Douglas.

Dill was known for her marriage to Kirk Douglas which lasted from 1943 until their divorce in 1951. She was the mother of actors Michael and Joel Douglas.

Early life
Douglas was born Diana Love Dill in the Devonshire Parish in Bermuda to a British father who was a colonel and an American mother.

Career
Douglas began her career as an actress in 1942. Since then, she has appeared in over 50 movies. Some of her well-known roles were as Susan Rogers in the 1955 movie The Indian Fighter (co-starring Kirk Douglas) and as Peg in the 1987 comedy movie Planes, Trains and Automobiles. She was also known for her recurring role as Martha Evans on Days of Our Lives (1977-1979, 1982). 

She appeared in It Runs in the Family with her son Michael and her ex-husband Kirk. She retired in 2008.

Death
Douglas died on July 3, 2015 from cancer at her home in Woodland Hills, California, aged 92.

References

Other websites

All Movie Biography and Filmography
Cover, Life, 3 May 1943.
Bernews Profile: Diana Dill 
Essay on Bermuda Militia Artillery, by Jennifer Hind, which makes frequent mention of father, TM Dill
Roots Web: Portrait of father, T.M. Dill
Hello Magazine: Michael Douglas' Mum Weds at 79

1923 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Bermudian people
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Douglas family
Darrell Hammond

Darrell Clayton Hammond (born October 8, 1955) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular on Saturday Night Live from 1995 until 2009, the longest term of any cast member in the show's history.

In 2014, he became the official announcer of SNL after the death of Don Pardo. He is known for playing Bill Clinton, Colonel Sanders, Sean Connery, and Donald Trump.

Other websites
 
 Darrell Hammond: 12 years on SNL 

1955 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
People with bipolar disorder
Actors from Florida
Comedians from Florida
Writers from Florida
American stand-up comedians
People with borderline personality disorder
People with schizophrenia
University of Florida alumni
University Fermín Toro

The University Fermín Toro (UFT) is a private university. It is in Cabudare, Lara, Venezuela It was founded on 9 May 1989 according to the decree Number 168 of the National Executive. The Founder was Dr. Raúl Quero Silva, President of the Upper Council of the institution and of the Educational Complex "Antonio José of Sucre". The institution started in Cabudare, but also has campuses in Barquisimeto. The university has a library, bookshop, a clinic and computer laboratory. Students have email and access to the  Internet.

Faculties

Engineering 
 Engineering in Computation
 Engineering in Mechanical Maintenance
 Electrical engineering
 Engineering of Telecommunications

Economic and Social sciences 

 Administration
 Social communication
 Industrial relations

Juridical and Political sciences 
 Political sciences
 Right

Headquarters 
 Barinas (State Barinas)
 Cabudare (State Lara)
 Barquisimeto (State Lara)
 Acarigua (Been Portuguese)
 Guanare (Been Portuguese)
 The Lookout (State Mérida)

Other websites
 Official page of the UFT
 Universia Venezuela 
 
Venezuela
1989 establishments in South America
20th-century establishments in Venezuela
Wells, Maine

Wells is a town in Maine. Rapper Spose grew up in Wells. Wells Beach is in Wells.

Towns in Maine
History of Florida

The history of Florida began when the first Native Americans came to live in the peninsula about 14,000 years ago. They left behind artifacts and archeological evidence. 

Written history begins with the arrival of Europeans to Florida. In 1513, the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León  kept the first records. Florida was the first part of the United States to be settled by Europeans.    

St. Augustine, Florida is the oldest continually occupied settlement in the United States. From 1565, it was founded by European and African-American settlers. But the site is even older as St. Augustine was built where there had been an ancient Native American village. 

In 1763, to settle the Seven Years' War, Spain gave Florida to the British Empire in return for the British giving back Cuba. Britain divided Florida into East Florida and West Florida, but gave it back to Spain in 1783 to settle the American Revolutionary War. Escaped slaves and other illegal immigrants settled there. Revolts against Spanish authority, military invasions and other problems led Spain to give the Floridas to the United States. West Florida is now mostly in the states of Mississippi and Alabama; East Florida with some of West Florida became the modern state of Florida.

References 

 
Colonial Americans
Native American
Cape flower region

The Cape flower region is a nature area near the south end of South Africa. 

The region is the smallest of the six "flower kingdoms" of the world, as recognised by Ronald Good. Its formal title is the Cape (South Africa) Floristic Region.

The region has very high diversity. Many kinds of plants are found there. Most of them are unique. There are more than 9,000 vascular plant species. Sixty-nine of them are found only there. 

Much of this diversity is because of the fynbos, a Mediterranean-type shrubland that can easily be destroyed by wildfires. The economic worth of the fynbos area may be about R77 million a year from harvests of products (like wildflowers) and from eco-tourism. The Cape flower region has both economic and biological value. It is a good place to look for many kinds of plants, insects, small animals and other creatures in nature.

References

Other websites 

 Conservation International: Cape floristic Region - biodiversity hotspot
 Conservation International:  Cape floristic Region (Hotspots revisited) 
 Cape Action: the Cape floristic Region 

Flowering plants
Ecoregions
Geography of South Africa
Gornji Karin

Gornji Karin is a seaside resort in Croatia, Zadar County, which is located on the coast of Karin sea (Bay of the Adriatic Sea). Administratively belongs to the town of Obrovac, which is 25 km away. Gornji Karin has about 1,125 inhabitants (2011).

Tourism 
Gornji Karin has several attractions. The main attraction is the spacious beach with palm and olive trees. At sea there are the water sports (water trampoline, water bicycles, etc.). For families with children there are also roundabouts near the beach. The village has several restaurants, cafes and bars.

50 km west is one of the most popular tourist destinations of Croatia - Zadar. 70 km southeast there is another attractive tourist town of Šibenik. Near Gornji Karin there is a canyon of rivers Krka and Zrmanja rivers and waterfalls Bijela, natural mud and Velebit Nature Park.

Croatia
Laika & the Cosmonauts

Laika & the Cosmonauts were a Finnish rock band.  They were named for the Soviet Union space dog, Laika.

The band's genre was surf rock. A Boston Globe reviewer said their sound was "far beyond the limitations of any specific genre." They played mostly Finnish rautalanka (instrumental traditional) music. 

Laika & the Cosmonauts were not well known in the United States. They were well-liked by many musicians. These include Mike Campbell and Benmont Tench of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Mike Palm of the band, Agent Orange, and an early surf rock musician, Dick Dale.  Al Jourgensen of Ministry said they are "the best f**king band in the world."

History 
The band began in 1987. They still had the same members when they stopped making records in 2008. They toured the United States and Europe several times. The band also played several times on European television.

Laika & the Cosmonauts said in an email on April 23, 2008, that they were quitting after a twenty-year career. They ended with an American tour. The last shows were at the Continental Club in Austin, Texas in the autumn of 2008.   A compilation album, Cosmopolis, was released at the same time as the tour.

Discography
C'mon Do the Laika 1988
Surfs You Right 1990
Instruments of Terror 1992
The Amazing Colossal Band 1995
Zero Gravity (US compilation) 1996
Absurdistan 1997
Laika Sex Machine (live) 2000
Local Warming 2004
Cosmopolis 2008  (Compilation)

References

Other websites 
2004 NPR interview
Finpop.net interview with Matti Pitsinki 
Review of band's live album from Atomic Magazine
mySpace - Laika & the Cosmonauts
Laika & the Cosmonauts Allmusic
Laika & the Cosmonauts MTV

Finnish musical groups
Rock bands
Musical groups established in 1987
Musical groups disestablished in 2008
1987 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Finland
2008 disestablishments in Europe
Jessie (TV series)

Jessie is an American sitcom that originally aired on Disney Channel from September 30, 2011 to October 16, 2015. The series was created and executive produced by Pamela Eells O'Connell. It stars Debby Ryan, Peyton List, Cameron Boyce, Karan Brar, Skai Jackson and Kevin Chamberlin. In 2013, an Indian adaption of the show was made and it was called Oye Jassie.

Plot
The series follows Jessie Prescott, a young woman from a small town in Texas. She has big dreams. She moves to New York City to be an actress. She becomes a nanny for the Ross kids: Emma, Luke, Ravi and Zuri. They live in a multi-million dollar penthouse on the Upper West Side. With Bertram the butler, Tony the doorman, and the Ross kids, she has a lot of adventures.

Production
The show went straight to series. There was no pilot. The show is taped at Hollywood Centre Studios in Los Angeles. Season 4 began production in the summer of 2014 and ended in March 2015.

Series overview

Cast and characters

 Debby Ryan as Jessie Prescott - the nanny of the crazy Ross kids.
 Peyton List as Emma Ross - the older Ross kid, and only the biological child, she loves fashion.
 Cameron Boyce as Luke Ross - He was born in Detroit, he is lazy and likes to be cool.
 Karan Brar as Ravi Ross - He is from India, smart and he doesn't have freinds.
 Skai Jackson as Zuri Ross - Cute and small girl who was brought to NYC from her birth country, Uganda, Africa.
 Kevin Chamberlin as Bertram Winkle - The lazy butler, he really works when the Ross parents come home.

Soundtrack

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites

2010s American television series
2011 American television series debuts
2015 American television series endings
American sitcoms
Disney Channel shows
Manhattan in fiction
Television series by Disney
Television series set in New York City
English-language television programs
Red kite

The red kite (Milvus milvus) is a medium-large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. This family also has other raptors such as eagles, buzzards, and harriers.

The species is found all over Europe and northwest Africa. It is resident in the milder parts of its range in western Europe and northwest Africa, but birds from northeastern and central Europe winter further south and west, reaching south to Turkey.

Red kites eat small mammals and carrion. They were wiped out in most of Britain, except for a few in south Wales. Farmers killed them, and so did the DDT picked up from their prey. They have made a big come-back in England and Scotland after they were recently re-introduced.

A sighting of the first red kite in London for 150 years was reported in The Independent newspaper in January 2006. In June 2006, the UK-based Northern Kites Project reported that kites had bred in the Derwent Valley, Tyne and Wear for the first time since the re-introduction.

References

Accipitriformes
Black rat snake

The black rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus), also known as the western rat snake, pilot black snake, or black snake, is a kind of snake. They can grow up to eight feet in length. They are found in North America.

Other websites
 FusionTheme page about Black Rat Snakes

Snakes
Downeaster

The Downeaster is the name of the Amtrak train line in Portland, Maine. There is a cafe on board.

Other websites
 Downeaster website

Amtrak
Transport in Maine
Zip-line

A zip-line (also called a zip line, zip wire, aerial runway, aerial ropeslide, death slide or Tyrolean crossing) is a device that allows a person to slide down an inclined wire or rope. The process uses gravity to propel the user. You can be stopped by dragging your feet or by water. Often a pulley is used suspended on a cable, usually made of stainless steel. Zip-lines are often used for entertainment. Some are short and low designed for children on a playground. Zip-lines are often used as a means of getting to remote areas, such as a rainforest canopy or crossing a river.

History 
The zip-wire has been used as a way to get around in some mountainous countries for over 2,000 years. Since the 1700s they have been used in places like Europe, China and the Himalayas. In the Australian outback, zip-lines were occasionally used for delivering food, cigarettes or tools. They were useful for people working on the other side of an obstacle such as a gully or river. Australian soldiers have used them to bring ammunition to forward positions during wars.
 
During World War II the United States discovered they were behind the Russians and the Germans in using parachutes to deploy soldiers quickly. In setting up training the army decided to use drop towers with zip lines to simulate a parachute landing. It was a success and has been used since that time to train airborne forces.
 
Costa Rica claims to be the birthplace of modern zip-line tours. Graduate students, John Williams and Donald Perry were rock-climbers who were in Costa Rica studying botanical (plants) and entomological (insects) subjects. They used their rock climbing equipment to climb trees. When they used lines to get down or move to lower trees, other students did too. Soon tours started in Costa Rica for entertainment.

Zip-line tours 
Zip-line tours are becoming popular vacation activities. Some are as short as 100 feet while others may be as long as a mile. The jungles of Costa Rica, Florida, Puerto Vallarta,and Nicaragua are popular places for those interested in experiencing zip-lines. Since 2000, the number of zip-line tours in the United States has grown to over 200. Zip-line tours are not available at places such as Santa Catalina Island, Big Bear and the San Diego Zoo in California. Prices vary for the ride. The San Diego Zoo ride costs $112 (for two lines). At the Santa Paula, California KOA the cost is $10 for an 800 foot long zip-line. At Durango Colorado there are 27 zip lines totaling . The tour lasts for five hours.

In Sun City, South Africa the Zip 2000 is one of the world's longest zip lines at over  in length. The world's longest zip-line tour is "Miss Sky Canopy Tour" in Nosara, Costa Rica. It runs for  and is made up of 21 runs. Taihape, New Zealand has one of the fastest zip-lines (called flying foxes locally) with speeds at over .

References

Other websites 
 The Gorge in North Carolina
 Skyline tour in New York
 How Safe is Ziplining? 

Entertainment
2015 Copa América

The 2015 Copa América was a football sporting event that was organized by Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol. It was held in Chile in 2015. 12 teams took part from many countries. Chile won their first title after beating Argentina in the final on a penalty shootout after a goalless draw.

Participants

Venues
The tournament was in 9 stadiums in 8 cities.

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Knockout stage

Quarter finals

Semifinals

Third place

Final

Goalscorers 
4 goals
 Eduardo Vargas
 Paolo Guerrero

3 goals
 Arturo Vidal
 Lucas Barrios
 Sergio Agüero

2 goals
 Charles Aránguiz
 Matías Vuoso
 Raúl Jiménez
 Ángel Di María
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Miller Bolaños
 Enner Valencia
 Marcelo Moreno

1 goal
 Cristian Rodríguez
 José Giménez
 Lionel Messi
 Marcos Rojo
 Javier Pastore
 Nelson Haedo Valdez
 Édgar Benítez
 Derlis González
 Salomón Rondón
 Miku
 Christian Cueva
 Claudio Pizarro
 André Carrillo
 Neymar
 Douglas Costa
 Thiago Silva
 Roberto Firmino
 Robinho
 Ronald Raldes
 Martin Smedberg-Dalence
 Jeison Murillo
 Alexis Sánchez
 Gary Medel
 Mauricio Isla

Own goals
 Ronald Raldes (playing against Chile)
 Gary Medel (playing against Peru)

Other websites 
 Official website

References 

2010s in Chile
Copa América tournaments
Copa America
Copa America
Bill Nye the Science Guy

[[File:1999 Bill Nye receives Public Service Award from National Science Board.png|thumb|right|250px|{{Center| 1999 Public Service Award from NSB for the program "Bill Nye the Science Guy, accepted by Bill Nye and Elizabeth Brock}}]]Bill Nye the Science Guy'' was a live action educational television program. It originally aired from May 10, 1993 to June 20, 1998. The program was hosted by Bill Nye. It was produced by Buena Vista Television. The show aired on PBS Kids and was also syndicated to local stations. Each of the 100 half-hour episodes aims to teach a specific topic in a natural science to a preteen audience. In 1999, the program received a public service award from the National Science Board "For its masterful presentations of the sciences to the younger generation..." The show won a total of 19 Emmy Awards during the five years it was broadcast. Nye won seven Emmys for his performing, writing and producing the program.

References 

1993 American television series debuts
1998 American television series endings
1990s American television series
Emmy Award winning programs
English-language television programs
Lake Marion (South Carolina)

Lake Marion is the largest lake in South Carolina. It is centrally located. Parts of it are in five different counties. The lake is referred to as South Carolina's inland sea. It has a  shoreline. It covers almost 110,000 acres (450 square kilometers or 173.7 square miles) of rolling farmlands, former marshes, and river valley landscape.

The Santee River was dammed in the 1940s to supply hydroelectric power. This was part of the rural electrification efforts initiated under President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal during the Great Depression. It is one of the fifty largest lakes in the United States, whether natural or man-made reservoirs. It covers only about a third of the area of the fifteenth largest in size.

Lakes of the United States
Lake Marion
Hungry Hungry Hippos

Hungry Hungry Hippos is a tabletop game made for 2-4 players. It is made by Hasbro subsidiary Milton Bradley. The idea for the game was published in 1967 by toy inventor Fred Kroll and it was introduced in 1978. The purpose of the game is for each player to collect as many marbles as possible with his or her 'hippo' (a toy hippo model). The game is marketed under the "Elefun and Friends" banner, along with Elefun, Mouse Trap and Gator Golf.

References 

Games
Muhammad Najibullah

Dr. Muhammad Najibullah Ahmadzai (; August 6, 1947 – September 27, 1996), commonly known as Najibullah or Najib, was President of Afghanistan from 1987 until 1992, when the Mujahideen took over Kabul. Killed by Talibans in 1996.

Presidents of Afghanistan
1947 births
1996 deaths
Otto Grotewohl

Otto Grotewohl (German pronunciation: [ˈɔtoː ˈɡʁoːtəvoːl]; 11 March 1894 – 23 September 1964) was an (East) German politician. He was co-chairman of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) from 1946 to 1950 (together with Wilhelm Pieck), and the first prime minister of the German Democratic Republic from 1949 until his death in 1964.

On behalf of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) and later the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) Grotewohl was a member of the Landtag of the Free State of Brunswick from 1920 to 1930, and also a minister of the Free State of Brunswick. He was also a member of the Reichstag from 1925 to 1933.

1894 births
1964 deaths
German people of World War II
German prisoners
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
Members of the Volkskammer
Politicians from Lower Saxony
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Prime Ministers of East Germany
Trap music

Trap music is a subgenre that originated during the 1990s from Reggeaton in  Puerto Rico. It is typified by its ominous lyrics and sound that incorporate double or triple-time division hi-hats, heavy kick drums from a Roland TR-808 synthesizer, layered synthesizers, and "cinematic" strings. The term "trap" initially referred to places where drug deals take place. In recent years it has been incorporated with electronic dance music by artists who have remixed and made trap songs with more Electronic-like aspects.

References

Hip hop genres
Dance music
Forest Law

Forest Law is a tekken fighter from the video game tekken series. He was introduced in Tekken 3, and he returned for Tekken Tag Tournament and its sequel. He is the son of Marshall Law. They have the same fighting style and the same moves. Like his father, Forest is friends with Paul Phoenix.

Tekken characters
NHL 07

NHL 07 is an ice hockey video game. It was released in September 2006. It is the sequel to NHL 06. The game improved the series' gameplay with more realistic features. Those features included stickhandling and a wider variety of controller schemes. The majority of improvements were to the Xbox 360 version. The other versions, for the PC, Xbox and PlayStation 2 only had modest improvements.

The game was nominated for the VGX Award for Best Team Sports Game.

Ratings
 8.7/10·IGN.com
 3/5·Softonic 
 4/5·Metacritic

References 

2006 video games
Sports video games
Private company

A privately held company is a company which is not quoted on stock exchanges, and its stocks cannot be openly bought or sold. Often it is owned by a family or a small group of Shareholders. Private companies are often small, but some are amongst the largest companies in the world. Many public companies started life as private companies. In the United States, private companies are held to different auditing standards than are public companies. Private companies do not have to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). This makes it harder to find financial information on private companies.

References 

Companies
Constance Jablonski

Constance Jablonski is a French model.

Early life
In 2006, she won Elite Model Look in France. She finished her studies and started modeling two years later. In 2009, she started walking fashion shows, for example for Lanvin, Gucci and Elie Saab.

Career
Since 2010, she is a spokesmodel for Estée Lauder. Since 2010, she also walks the runway for Victoria's Secret every year.

References

1991 births
Living people
French models
People from Lille
Rebel Heart

Rebel Heart is the thirteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter Madonna.  It was her second album to be released under Interscope Records, after her previous album, MDNA. It was released on March 10, 2015. Rebel Heart debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200. It contained the singles "Living for Love" and "Bitch I'm Madonna". The second song, "Bitch I'm Madonna", features Trinidadian-American rapper Nicki Minaj. American disc jockey Diplo was one of the producers of the album, along with Madonna herself.

Track listing

References 

Madonna albums
2015 albums
Horneophyton

Horneophyton is a genus of early Devonian fossil land plants. Its fossils are very common in the Rhynie chert. Both the sporophyte and a female gametophyte have been found as fossils. The sporophyte was about 20 cm tall, and the gametophyte was about 6 cm tall. It is not really a vascular plant. It had vascular tissue but the cells had thin walls.

Horneophyton had anatomy similar to the hornworts. It is also similar to the vascular plant Rhynia which lived at the same time. It might therefore be a missing link between the Bryophytes like hornworts and the vascular plants like Rhynia.

References 

 
 

Fossil plants
Extinct plants
Plant anatomy

Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the study of the internal structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant morphology, which is the study of the external parts of plants. Plant anatomy is usually studied with a microscope.

References

Branches of botany
R.E.M.

R.E.M. or REM are initials for these things:

Rapid eye movement sleep
R.E.M. (band)
Iris (plant)

Iris is a genus of 260–300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow. This refers to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. The scientific name, iris is also very widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. It is a member of the Iridaceae family It is a popular garden flower.

Description 
Irises are hardy plants (able to survive outside during winter) that are easy to grow. They attract butterflies and hummingbirds. Irises are a favorite cut flower. The bearded irises (Iris germanica) is the tallest at about . Irises generally have three large sepals on the outside called "falls". They have three inner petals called "standards". Irises that are called bearded are because of soft hairs growing in the center. Irises that are called combed have a ridge of hairs in the center.  A common name for some species is 'flags'. Plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as 'junos', particularly in horticulture.

References 

Flowers
Iridaceae
Chris

Chris is a nickname or short form of various given names. These include Christopher, Christian, Christina, Christine, and Christos. The nickname is used by both males and females. Most names Chris is based on have meanings regarding Christ. For example Christopher means "bearer of Christ". It is also a name used by individuals. Chris Columbus and Chris Penn are two well known examples. It is also a name given to tropical storms, hurricanes, trademarks such as Chris-Craft Boats and other places and things.

References 

Given names
Royal Institution

The Royal Institution of Great Britain (usually the Royal Institution or RI) is an organisation devoted to scientific education and research, based in London.

The Royal Institution was founded in 1799 by the leading British scientists of the age, including Henry Cavendish. Its purpose was to:
"diffuse the knowledge, and facilitate the general introduction, of useful mechanical inventions and improvements; and for teaching, by courses of philosophical lectures and experiments, the application of science to the common purposes of life". 

Directors of the R.I. have included some of the greatest scientists, including Humphrey Davy, Michael Faraday, Sir William Henry Bragg and Sir William Lawrence Bragg, Max Perutz and John Kendrew. Fifteen Directors have won Nobel Prizes.

Greenfield controversy
From 1998 to 8 January 2010, the Director of the Royal Institution was Baroness Susan Greenfield, but following a review, the position was abolished for being "no longer affordable". The Royal Institution had found itself in a financial crisis following a £22m development programme led by Greenfield, which included refurbishment of the institution's main Albemarle Street building, and the addition of a restaurant and bar with an aim to turn the venue into a "Groucho club for science". The project ended £3 million in debt.

Greenfield subsequently announced that she would be suing for discrimination.
The RI's official statement stated it would "continue to deliver its main charitable objectives under the direction of chief executive officer, Chris Rofe and a talented senior team including Professor Quentin Pankhurst, the Director of the Davy Faraday Research Laboratory, Dr Gail Cardew, the Head of Programmes and Professor Frank James, Head of Collections and Heritage". Baroness Greenfield later dropped the discrimination case.

References 

1799 establishments
Scientific organizations
Buildings and structures in London
18th-century establishments in Great Britain
1790s establishments in Europe
Maria Barroso

Maria de Jesus Simões Barroso Soares, GCL (2 May 1925 – 7 July 2015) was a Portuguese politician and actress. She was the wife of former Portuguese President Mário Soares. She served as First Lady of Portugal between 1986 and 1996.

References

1925 births
2015 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Civil servants
Portuguese movie actors
Jerry Weintraub

Jerome Charles "Jerry" Weintraub (September 26, 1937 – July 6, 2015) was an American talent agent, concert promoter, movie producer and chairman and CEO of United Artists.

Weintraub was born in Brooklyn and raised in the Bronx. For some time, Weintraub worked at MCA Records.

His career began as a talent agent in 1974. He was known for managing many singers such as John Denver, Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, Neil Diamond, Bob Dylan, and the rock group Led Zeppelin.

He also produced movies, including: Nashville (1975), Diner (1982), The Karate Kid (1984), and the 2001 remake of Ocean's Eleven (2001).  In 2014 he won an Emmy Award as co-producer of Years of Living Dangerously, a television documentary about global warming. In 2011, HBO broadcast a television documentary about Weintraub's life, called His Way.

In 1965, Weintraub married Jane Morgan, who was 13 years older than Weintraub. Together, they had four children.

Weintraub died in Santa Barbara, California from a heart attack at the age of 77.

References

Other websites
 Jerry Weintraub interview at Elvis Australia
 
 

1937 births
2015 deaths
Actors from Brooklyn
Actors from the Bronx
American movie actors
American television producers
Businesspeople from New York City
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Movie producers from New York City
Emmy Award winners
Jane Morgan

Jane Morgan (born May 3, 1924) is an American popular music singer. Morgan was popular in France and the UK before becoming popular in the United States. She received six gold records and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She retired in 1973.

Morgan married movie producer and talent agent, Jerry Weintraub in 1965. They had four children. Weintraub died in 2015.

Notable performances 
Morgan performed for French President Charles de Gaulle. She also sang for five U.S. Presidents: John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and George W. Bush. She toured with Jack Benny and John Raitt, and sang at the Grand Ole Opry. Two of her RCA singles hit the Billboard country charts in 1970.

References 

1924 births
Living people
Singers from Massachusetts
Actors from Massachusetts
Yasutaro Koide

(March 13, 1903 – January 19, 2016) was a Japanese tailor and supercentenarian who was the oldest living man in the world at the time of his death at age 112 years, 312 days. He was the oldest living person in Aichi Prefecture from Tsuya Miura's death on March 31, 2014 until his death. He lived in Moriyama-ku, Nagoya.

Early life 
Koide was born in Tsuruga, Japan on March 13, 1903, where he worked as a tailor, and worked in the field and was able to ride a tricycle until age 105 when he got a heatstroke and his only ambulance service, but besides that he had never been seriously ill. 

At age 107, Koide moved to Nagoya to live with his daughter. He had in total 7 children, 9 grandchildren, 14 great-grandchildren and at least one great-great-grandchild. 

At age 110, Koide could still read newspaper without glasses and eat food without dentures and said his favourite food was bread and the secret to his long life was avoiding to overdo things, and not to smoke or drink alcohol.

Koide became the world's oldest living man after the death of another Japanese man, Sakari Momoi who was over 5 weeks older, on 5 July 2015 and later in November that year one of the 25 oldest living people. In December 2015, Koide was hospitalized for chronic heart problems. He died at the hospital of pneumonia and heart failure at 0:17am on January 19, 2016, only less than 8 weeks before his 113th birthday. 

He was succeeded as the world's oldest living man by Yisrael Kristal and as Japan's oldest living man by Masamitsu Yoshida.

References

1903 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from heart failure
Japanese supercentenarians
People from Fukui Prefecture
Carlo de Gavardo

Carlo Alberto de Gavardo Prohens (14 July 1969 – 4 July 2015) was a Chilean motorist and motorcyclist. He has participated in numerous rallies worldwide, including the Dakar Rally and Rallye des Pharaons. He was the first Chilean motorcyclist to run the Paris-Dakar from beginning to end.

de Gavardo died of respiratory arrest in Buin, Chile, aged 45.

References

1969 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from respiratory arrest
Sportspeople
Chilean people
Scot Breithaupt

Scot Alexander Breithaupt (July 14, 1957 – c. July 4, 2015) was an entrepreneur, "Old School" professional Motorcycle MX and Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer and a founding father of BMX in 1970.

Breithaupt was found dead in a tent where he had been living in a vacant lot in Indio, California on July 4, 2015, aged 57.

References

1957 births
2015 deaths
Sportspeople from California
People from Long Beach, California
Paul Hogan

Paul Hogan, AM (born 8 October 1940) is an Australian comedian, actor, producer. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won a Golden Globe award for his performance as Michael "Crocodile" Dundee in "Crocodile" Dundee (1986).

References

Other websites
 
 

Golden Globe Award winning actors
1940 births
Living people
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Australian comedians
Actors from New South Wales
Linda Kozlowski

Linda Kozlowski (born January 7, 1958) is an American former actress. She has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award. She is known for her role as Sue Charlton in "Crocodile" Dundee.

References

Other websites

1958 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Fairfield, Connecticut
Gordon Hunt

Gordon Edwynn Hunt (April 26, 1929 – December 17, 2016) was an American actor, voice actor, director of stage, movie, and voiceover and casting director.

He has directed such animated productions such as The Jetsons, Scooby-Doo, Super Friends, The Pirates of Dark Water, Droopy, Master Detective, Pound Puppies, The Richie Rich Show, The Smurfs and many more.

Other websites
Official Website 

1929 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American television directors
American voice actors
Movie directors from Los Angeles
Leonard Starr

Leonard Starr (October 28, 1925 – June 30, 2015) was an American cartoonist, comic book artist, and advertising artist. He was best known for creating the newspaper comic strip On Stage and reviving Little Orphan Annie.

References

Other websites
Leonard Starr official site
NCS Awards 

1925 births
2015 deaths
American cartoonists
American comics artists
People from New York City
Love Me like You Do

"Love Me like You Do" is a song recorded by British recording artist Ellie Goulding. It was recorded for the movie Fifty Shades of Grey. It reached number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 and on the Canadian Hot 100. It was #1 on the UK Singles Chart and the charts of several other countries. The song is an electropop song. It is the fifth song on the movie's soundtrack. It was later included on Goulding's third studio album, Delirium.

The song's music video has received over 1.7 billion views on YouTube as of March 2018.

References

2015 songs
2010s ballads
Electronic music
Ellie Goulding
Pop ballads
Songs about sexuality
Synth-pop
Yung Lean

Jonatan Leandoer Håstad (born 18 July 1996) better known by his Stage name Yung Lean is a Swedish Rapper known for wearing bucket hats. Yung Lean released his debut mixtape in 2013 (entitled Unknown Death 2002). He has multiple singles on YouTube under his label Sad Boys Entertainment. These include "Ginseng Strip 2002", "Kyoto", and "Yoshi City". Lean released his debut album Unknown Memory during the late summer of 2014. This followed a two-month long American tour. The New York Times called him an up-and-comer in the rap world. "A 17-year-old Swedish kid can rack up millions of YouTube views and SoundCloud plays without making so much as a ripple in the mainstream hip-hop world." But he seems to have made more than a ripple.

Håstad was born in Belarus. At age 3 he moved to Sweden. At first he only spoke Russian. He learned Swedish but raps in broken English.

References

Rap musicians
Living people
1996 births
Meek Mill

Robert Rahmeek Williams (born May 6, 1987), known professionally as Meek Mill is an American rapper from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was briefly signed to Atlanta-based record label Grand Hustle, owned by record executive and fellow American rapper T.I.. In February 2011, after leaving Grand Hustle, Mill signed a record deal with fellow American rapper Rick Ross' Miami-based Maybach Music Group (MMG) imprint.

Mill's debut studio album, Dreams and Nightmares, was released in 2012, under MMG and Warner Bros. Records. The album, preceded by the single "Young & Gettin' It", debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200. He has also appeared on MMG's Self Made compilation series, with his debut single "Tupac Back" and second single "Ima Boss", being included on volume one.

In October 2012, Meek Mill announced the launching of his own imprint, Dream Chasers Records, named after his popular mixtape series. He also revealed having already signed several fellow Philadelphia-based rappers in 2012.

Discography

 Dreams and Nightmares (2012)
 Dreams Worth More Than Money (2015)
 Wins & Losses (2017)
 Championships (2018)
 Expensive Pain (2021)

References

1987 births
Living people
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Rap musicians from Pennsylvania
African American musicians
African-American rappers
Developmentalism

The Developmentalism is an economic theory. It says that the best way for third world countries to develop is through a strong and varied internal market and by having high tariffs on imported goods.

Developmentalism is based on the assumptions that:
There are similar stages to development for all countries.
There is movement from one stage to another. This movement goes from traditional or primitive to modern or industrialized.

Related pages 
 Economic development
 Protectionism

References

Other websites 
 Aktionsgemeinschaft Soziale Marktwirtschaft - German Ordoliberal association 
 Journal of Post Keynesian Economics

Economic theories
Volga Germans

Volga Germans ( or Russlanddeutsche, , povolzhskie nemtsy) were ethnic Germans living along the Volga River. They kept the culture, language, traditions and religions of Germans, including Lutheranism and Roman Catholicism.

Catherine the Great invited Germans to immigrate. She gave them Russian lands, and allowed them to keep their language and culture.

The Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic of the Volga Germans (; ) existed from 1924 to 1942 with the capital in Engels.

South America
Germans from Russia also settled in Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. Most Volga Germans who settled in Latin America were Catholic. Many Catholic Volga Germans chose South America as their new homeland because the nations in South America shared their religion.

Other websites 
 Volga Germans
 American Historical Society of Germans from Russia 
 Germans from Russia in Argentina Genealogy  
 Wolgadeutschen  

Germanic peoples
Bob Ehrlich

Robert Leroy "Bob" Ehrlich, Jr. (born November 25, 1957) is an American attorney and Republican politician. He served as the 60th Governor of Maryland from 2003 to 2007.

Other websites

 Maryland Archives gubernatorial biography. 
 Maryland Archives general biography. 
 Congressional Quarterly election library. 
 Ehrlich Personnel Story 
 MD Gubernatorial Candidates List  at Ballotpedia

1957 births
Living people
American Methodists
Governors of Maryland
Princeton University alumni
United States representatives from Maryland
US Republican Party politicians
Oestrone

Oestrone is an oestrogen. It is produced by the ovaries or by adipose tissue. It can be made artificially, and is used to treat deficiency of oestrogen and breast cancer.

Hormones
Cookiecutter shark

The cookiecutter shark (Isistius brasiliensis) is a species of small dogfish shark in the family Dalatiidae. This shark, also called the cigar shark, lives in warm, oceanic waters around the world. It often lives near islands. It has been recorded as deep as .

The name "cookiecutter shark" refers to its biting. It takes round plugs, as if cut out with a cookie cutter, out of larger animals. Marks made by cookiecutter sharks have been found on many marine mammals and fishes, as well as on submarines, undersea cables, and even human bodies. 

Sharks
Ágnes Osztolykán

Ágnes Osztolykán (born 3 November 1974) is a Hungarian of Roma Background, politician an activist for the Roma people.  She was in the National Assembly of Hungary from  2010 to 2014. In 2011, she received International Women of Courage Award from the United States Department of State.

Work 

Osztolykán studied at the University of Miskolc.  She graduated in 1998 with a degree in political science. Then she worked for the Soros Foundation.  She was head of the Decade of Roma Inclusion Program at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labor for six years. 

She went to Parliament in 2010.  She was a member of the parliamentary group of Lehet Más a Politika (LMP), or Politics Can Be Different Party. On 26 November 2012, she became deputy leader of the LMP parliamentary group.

Osztolykán is an activist for Romani children's education, Roma and minority rights, and the Roma in Hungary. She works for vocational training which helps students get jobs. She also works as a volunteer teacher at a Roma vocational school in Budapest’s poorer Eighth District.

Awards 

 International Women of Courage Award

References

Other websites 

 2011 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr 
Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)

Women who received the International Women of Courage Award
Activists
Hungarian politicians
Living people
1974 births
Roma people
Roza Otunbayeva

Roza Isakovna Otunbayeva (Kyrgyz and Russian: Роза Исаковна Отунбаева; born August 23, 1950) is a Kyrgyz diplomat and politician.  She was President of Kyrgyzstan from April 7, 2010 until December 1, 2011. In 2011 she received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. Department of State.

Life

Otunbayeva was born in Frunze (now Bishkek), in Kyrgyzstan in the Soviet Union. She got a degree in philosophy from Moscow State University in 1972.  Then she was a senior professor and head of the philosophy department at Kyrgyz State National University for six years. In 1975 she got a Candidate of Sciences degree after writing a dissertation named "Critique of falsification of Marxist-Leninist dialectic by the philosophers of Frankfurt school".

Otunbayeva is divorced and has two children. She speaks Russian, English, German, and French in addition to Kyrgyz.

Work 
In 1981, Otunbayeva became a secretary of the Lenin council of Frunze. In the late 1980s, she was the head of the Soviet delegation to UNESCO in Paris.  Later she was the Soviet Ambassador to Malaysia. When Kyrgyzstan became independent, she was the Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, then she was Kyrgyzstan's first ambassador to the USA and Canada. From 1998 to 2001, she was the Kyrgyz ambassador to the United Kingdom. From 2002 to 2004, she was deputy head of the United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia.   On April 7, 2010, Otunbayeva became the head of a Kyrgyz interim government.

References

Other websites 

 2011 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr
Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)

1950 births
Living people
Academics
Ambassadors to the United States
Government ministers
Presidents of Kyrgyzstan
Women who received the International Women of Courage Award
Ambassadors to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors to Canada
Peter Záboji

Peter (Balazs) Záboji (25 December 1943 – 3 July 2015) was a Hungarian investor and entrepreneur. He has contributed significantly to the development of start up businesses in Budapest and received the highest civil recognition from the president of Hungary.

References

1943 births
2015 deaths
Hungarian businesspeople
People from Budapest