cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Daniel Kaluuya

Daniel Kaluuya (born 24 February 1989) is a British actor and writer. He is best known for his leading role as Chris Washington in the horror movie Get Out (2017). For his role, he was nominated for the Academy Award, Golden Globe Award, SAG Award and BAFTA Award for Best Actor. His other movie credits include Johnny English Reborn (2011), Kick-Ass 2 (2013), Sicario (2015), Widows (2018) and Black Panther (2018). In 2018, he won the BAFTA Rising Star Award.

In 2021, Kaluuya played Fred Hampton in Judas and the Black Messiah, a role which won him a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

On television, Kaluuya has appeared as Posh Kenneth in the television series Skins from 2007 to 2009. He also co-wrote two episodes of Skins. He played Bingham "Bing" Madsen in the Black Mirror episode "Fifteen Million Merits" and has had roles in Psychoville and The Fades.

Kaluuya was born in London. His parents are from Uganda. He is a supporter of Arsenal Football Club.

References

Other websites

 

1989 births
Living people
Actors from London
Golden Globe Award winning actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Black British actors
English movie actors
English television actors
English television writers
Writers from London
Best Supporting Actor Academy Award winners
Letitia Wright

Letitia Michelle Wright (born 31 October 1993) is a Guyanese-born British actress. She is best known for her role as Shuri in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movies Black Panther and Avengers: Infinity War (both 2018). She has also appeared in TV shows such as Top Boy, Coming Up, Chasing Shadows, Humans, the Doctor Who episode "Face the Raven" and the Black Mirror episode "Black Museum". For Black Mirror, she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie. In 2019, she won the BAFTA Rising Star Award. 

Wright was born in Georgetown, the capital city of Guyana. At the age of seven, her family moved to London. She grew up in Tottenham, north London.

References

Other websites

 

1993 births
Living people
Actors from London
BAFTA Award winning actors
Black British actors
English movie actors
English television actors
People from Georgetown, Guyana
People from Tottenham
National Students' Union of India

National Students' Union of India (NSUI) is the student wing of the Indian National Congress. NSUI was established on 9 April 1971. The organisation was founded by Indira Gandhi. Neeraj Kundan is the current President of NSUI. v is the current National Coordinator.

History

Pre-Independence Movement 
Student movement reached its apex during the struggle for independence due to the strong participation of students from all sections of society. Prior to 1950, the student activism of the Indian National Congress was carried out by the youth wing of the AICC.

Related pages 
 Indian National Congress

Other websites 
 National Students' Union of India official site
 Official All India Congress Committee website
 Official Indian National Congress website

References 

1970s establishments in India
1972 establishments in Asia
Organizations based in Asia
New Delhi
Mill Creek Falls

Mill Creek Falls, is a waterfall located in the Rogue River Canyon within the Prospect State Scenic Viewpoint in Jackson County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. The waterfall is located at the south end of Mill Creek as it plunges into the Rogue River over a carved cliff surrounded by walls of petrified volcanic ash caused by the Mount Mazama eruption.

Waterfalls
Oregon
Gustav Nossal

Sir Gustav Victor Joseph Nossal  (born 4 June 1931) is an Austrian-born Australian research biologist. He is famous for his work in the fields of antibody formation and immunological tolerance.

Life and career
Nossal was born in Bad Ischl. He first grew up in the Austrian capital city of Vienna. After the Anschluss (Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria), he and his family moved to Australia. This was because, although not of Jewish faith, his father's grandparents were Jewish. This meant that Nossal was at risk of being sent to concentration camps due his Jewish background. Nossal was baptised, like his father, and is a Roman Catholic. He studied at the University of Sydney.

Nossal has written five books and 530 scientific articles on immunology and similar fields. From 1959 to 1961, he was the assistant professor of genetics at Stanford University. He began serving as director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research from 1965. At the same time, he was Professor of Medical Biology at the University of Melbourne. He retired from both of these roles in 1996. Nossal was president of the Australian Academy of Science from 1994 to 1998. He was the chairman of the comittee running the World Health Organization's Vaccines and Biologicals Program from 1993 to 2002. He also served as Chairman of the Strategic Advisory Council of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Children's Vaccine Program from 1998 to 2003.

Nossal is married to Lyn Beatrix (née Dunnicliff). The couple have four children (two sons and two daughters).

Awards and honours
In 1970, Nossal was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He was knighted for his services to science in 1977. In 1989, he was made a Companion of the Order of Australia. In 1990, he was awarded the Albert Einstein World Award of Science. In 2000, he was named Australian of the Year.

Nossal High School in Berwick, Victoria, is named after him.

References

Other websites

 Sir Gustav Nossal at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute website

1931 births
Living people
Australian academics
Australian biologists
Australian educators
Australian Jews
Australian medical researchers
Australian Roman Catholics
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Immunologists
Jewish academics
Jewish scientists
Jewish writers
Knights Bachelor
Naturalised citizens of Australia
Order of Australia
Scientists from Vienna
Writers from Vienna
University of Sydney alumni
Writers from Sydney
Bookbinding

Bookbinding is the process of putting a book together. The pages are put inside a book covering, then attached to the spine (closed edge of the book) by sewing or glueing. Bookbinding is an artistic practice from many centuries ago but it has also been industrialized. Bookbinding machines were invented in the 19th century and most books are made in factories by mechanical mass production.

A person who binds books is called a bookbinder.  Today, most hand-bound books are specially made, and more expensive than a factory-made book.  Bookbinding is a specialized job.  Bookbinders must be skilled in measuring, cutting, glueing, leather working, graphic arts, and fabric crafts, among other things. 

Book terminology
Occupations
Dellinger (disambiguation)

Dellinger may refer to:

Places
 Dellinger (crater), a crater on the far side of the Moon
 78392 Dellinger, a main-belt asteroid discovered in 2002 by A. Lowe

Other uses
 Dellinger (surname)
 Dellinger effect, a fadeout of short-wave radios caused by solar flares

Not to be confused with
 Derringer, a general term for small handguns
 Dellingr, a god in Norse mythology
John Quarmby

John Quarmby (18 June 1929 – 5 April 2019) was an English character actor. He was best known for his roles as Mr Carnegie in the Fawlty Towers episode "Basil the Rat" (1979), and as Henry Tobias in K-9 and Company (1981). He had roles in TV series such as Z-Cars, Softly, Softly, Juliet Bravo and Howards' Way. He also appeared in the movies The Scarlet Pimpernel (1982), A Christmas Carol (1984) and Thirteen at Dinner (1985).

Biography 
Quarmby was born in Liverpool. He served for two years in the Royal Air Force in the 1940s. He joined Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in 1949. He died on 5 April 2019, at the age of 89.

References

Other websites

1929 births
2019 deaths
Actors from Liverpool
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
British military people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Đồng Sĩ Nguyên

Đồng Sĩ Nguyên (1 March 1923 – 4 April 2019), also known as Nguyễn Hữu Vũ, was a Vietnamese soldier and politician. Đồng Sỹ Nguyên is another spelling of his name. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 1982 to 1991. He was also a lieutenant-general of the North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War. He was interviewed in the documentary TV series The Vietnam War (2017) He was born in Quảng Trạch District, Quảng Bình Province, then-part of French Indochina.

Đồng died on 4 April 2019 in Hanoi, at the age of 96.

References

1923 births
2019 deaths
Communist politicians
Military personnel of the Vietnam War
Vietnamese military people
Vietnamese politicians
Mont-Vully

Mont-Vully is a new municipality in the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2016 when the former municipalities of Bas-Vully and Haut-Vully merged to form Mont-Vully.

References 

2016 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Fribourg
Val-de-Charmey

Val-de-Charmey is a new municipality of the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2014 when the former municipalities of Cerniat and Charmey merged to form the new municipality of Val-de-Charmey.

References 

2014 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Fribourg
Alterswil

Alterswil is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Arconciel

Arconciel () is a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Schmitten, Fribourg

Schmitten is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the municipality of Schmitten 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Wünnewil-Flamatt

Wünnewil-Flamatt is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in the western part of Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
St. Antoni

St. Antoni () is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Carmelita Pope

Carmelita Pope (April 15, 1924 – April 3, 2019), also known by her stage name Carla Dare, was an American actress. She was best known for her roles in stage productions. In 1947, she appeared in the Broadway play A Streetcar Named Desire. She also acted in television series such as General Hospital, Days of Our Lives, They Stand Accused, Down You Go and The Amazing Spider-Man.

Pope was born in Chicago, Illinois. She was a childhood friend of actor siblings Jocelyn and Marlon Brando. She was married twice and had two sons. She lived in Boise, Idaho.

Pope died on April 3, 2019, at the age of 94.

References

Other websites
 

1924 births
2019 deaths
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Bösingen, Switzerland

Bösingen (, ) is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Plaffeien

Plaffeien () is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Oberschrot and Zumholz merged into the municipality of Plaffeien.

It is the third-largest municipality in the canton of Fribourg.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Brünisried

Brünisried is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Pat Cleveland

Patricia Cleveland (born June 23, 1950) is an American fashion model. She became successful in the 1960s and 1970s and was one of the first African-American models within the fashion industry to achieve fame as a runway model and print model. Cleveland was born in New York City.

Cleveland was diagnosed with colorectal cancer in April 2019.

References

1950 births
Living people
People with cancer
Models from New York City
Giffers

Giffers () is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Jeremy Bowen

Jeremy Francis John Bowen (born 6 February 1960) is a Welsh journalist and television presenter. He was born in Cardiff, Wales. He is the BBC's  Middle East correspondent working in Jerusalem between 1995 and 2000. He has been its Middle East Editor since 2005.

Bowen was diagnosed with bowel cancer in April 2019.

References

Other websites
 
 Photograph. BBC.
 Newswatch: Jeremy Bowen. BBC.
 Bowen Middle East role 'enhanced'. BBC.

1960 births
Living people
BBC people
Political commentators
Welsh journalists
British television presenters
Television news anchors
People with cancer
People from Cardiff
Ueberstorf

Ueberstorf is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Muntelier

Muntelier () is a municipality of the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Daingerfield, Texas

Daingerfield is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Morris County.

Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
De Smet, Idaho

De Smet (also spelled Desmet) is a census-designated place (CDP) of Idaho in the United States.

Census-designated places in Idaho
Maryville, Tennessee

Maryville is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is near the North Carolina state line. At the 2010 U.S. census, the population was about 27,465.

Cities in Tennessee
County seats in Tennessee
Katrin Sjögren

Katrin Sjögren (born 2 February 1966) is a Finnish politician from the Åland Islands. She has been the Premier of Åland since 25 November 2015. She has also been the leader of the Liberals for Åland party since 2012. She became a member of the Parliament of Åland in 2003. She was Minister of Social Affairs and Environment between 2007 and 2011.

She lives in Mariehamn, the capital city of the Åland Islands. She is married to Anders Eriksson. The couple have three children.

References

1966 births
Living people
Åland Islands
Finnish politicians
Government ministers
René Fontès

René Fontès (11 June 1941 – 17 March 2019) was a French sports official and politician. He was club president of the Top 14 rugby union team Clermont Auvergne from 2004 to 2013. He was also mayor of the Eygalières commune in Bouches-du-Rhône from 2008 until his death in 2019. He was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion of Honour in 2011. He was born in Saint-Martin-de-Crau, Bouches-du-Rhône.

Fontès died of a heart attack on 17 March 2019 in Eygalières. He was 77.

References

1941 births
2019 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in France
Deaths from myocardial infarction
French mayors
Legion of Honour
Rugby union
Nikolay Kovalyov (politician)

Nikolay Dmitrievich Kovalyov (; 6 August 1949 – 5 April 2019) was a Russian politician. He was a member of United Russia. He was also a member of the State Duma. He was chairman of the Duma's Veterans' Committee. He was the Director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) from July 1996 to July 1998. Vladimir Putin took on the role of director after him. Kovalyov was born in Moscow.

Kovalyov died after a long illness on 5 April 2019 in Moscow. He was 69.

References

1949 births
2019 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Moscow
People from Moscow
Russian politicians
Gresham College

Gresham College is an institution of higher learning in London. It does not enroll students and does not award any degrees. It was founded in 1597 under the will of Sir Thomas Gresham.

The College gives over 140 free public lectures every year. Since 2001, all lectures have also been made available online.

Professors
There seven original Gresham College Professorships that date back to the origins of the college. They are in Astronomy, Divinity, Geometry, Law, Music, Physic and Rhetoric.

These subjects reflect the curriculum of the medieval university (the trivium and quadrivium).

The college played an important role in the Enlightenment and in the formation of the Royal Society. Early distinguished Gresham College professors included Christopher Wren, who lectured on astronomy in the 17th century, and Robert Hooke, who was Professor of Geometry from 1665 until 1704.

The professors received £50 a year. The terms of their position were very precise, for example: :The geometrician is to read as followeth, every Trinity term arithmetique, in Michaelmas and Hilary terms theoretical geometry, in Easter term practical geometry. The astronomy reader is to read in his solemn lectures, first the principles of the sphere, and the theory of the planets, and the use of the astrolabe and the staff, and other common instruments for the capacity of mariners.

Today three further Professorships have been added to take account of areas not otherwise covered by the original Professorships:

 Commerce, established in 1985.
 Environment, established in 2014.
 Information technology, established in 2015.

The professors currently hold their positions for three years, extendable for a fourth year. They give six lectures a year.  There are also visiting professors appointed to give series of lectures at the College. There are a number of single-lecture speakers.

The lectures are often given in the Museum of London, which has a bigger lecture room than the College.

References 

1590s establishments in England
1597 establishments
Colleges and universities in London
Edmund Gunter

Edmund Gunter (1581 – 10 December 1626) was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.  

He is best remembered for his practical inventions for measurement. These include the Gunter's chain, Gunter's quadrant, and the Gunter's scale. In 1620, he invented the first successful analogue device which he developed to calculate logarithmic tangents. These inventions are related to the main practical maths interests of England at that time. These were maritime navigation, land surveying and accounting.

Gunter was taught mathematics by Henry Briggs. He became a Gresham Professor of Astronomy, from 1619 until his death. Gunter  invented the terms cosine and cotangent,

Gunter's scale 

Gunter’s scale (called by seamen "the Gunter") is a large plane scale, usually 2 ft. long by about 1½ in. broad, and engraved with various lines of numbers. By means of this scale questions in navigation, trigonometry etc. are solved with the aid of a pair of compasses.

The slide rule was invented around 1620–1630, shortly after John Napier's publication of the concept of the logarithm. In 1620 Gunter developed his calculating device with a single logarithmic scale. With additional measuring tools it could be used to multiply and divide. In c. 1622, William Oughtred of Cambridge combined two handheld Gunter rules to make a device that is the modern slide rule.

Gunter's chain 
Gunter's chain was in common use in surveying up to modern times. It is 22 yards long and is divided into 100 links. Its usefulness comes from its decimal division, and the fact that 10 square chains make an acre. It folds up in sections, and is carried by the surveyor.

Gunter's quadrant 
His quadrant of 1623 was used for tell the time, find the length of day, when the sun had risen and set, the date, and the meridian. It used scales and curves of the quadrant and related tables. Gunter's quadrant was fairly simple, and was widely used in the 17th and 18th centuries.
This instrument is used to find the hour of the day, the sun’s azimuth, and other common problems of the globe, and also to take the altitude of an object in degrees. These things are needed by ships on long voyages, and on long overland excursions.

Controversies 
Like his contemporary at Cambridge, Isaac Newton, Oughtred taught his ideas privately to his students.  Also like Newton, he became involved in a  controversy over priority (who invented what and when). This involved his one-time student Richard Delamain. Oughtred's ideas were only made public in publications of his student William Forster in 1632 and 1653.

References 

1581 births
1626 deaths
People educated at Westminster School, London
British geometers
Melvin Van Peebles

Melvin Van Peebles (August 21, 1932 – September 22, 2021) was an American movie maker, actor, novelist and composer. He was the father of actor Mario Van Peebles.

Melvin Van Peebles created and acted in the blaxploitation movie Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song in 1971. He also acted in many other movies from the 1970s to the 2010s. His first Hollywood movie was Watermelon Man in 1970.

Van Peebles was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died on September 22, 2021 in New York City, aged 89.

References

Writers from Chicago
American stage actors
American movie actors
African American movie directors
Actors from Chicago
1932 births
2021 deaths
Movie directors from Chicago
Damon Wayans Jr.

Damon Wayans Jr. (born November 18, 1982) is an American actor, comedian and writer. In the sitcom Happy Endings, he was nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. He played Brad Williams in the show.

Wayans is the son of actor and comedian Damon Wayans Sr.

As a child, Wayans was in the comedy movie Blankman in 1994. In 2009, he played Thomas Uncles in the movie Dance Flick.

Wayans was born in Huntington, Vermont.

References

American television actors
American movie actors
Comedians from Vermont
Actors from Vermont
1982 births
Living people
Michael Ironside

Frederick Reginald Ironside, known as Michael Ironside (born February 12, 1950) is a Canadian actor, voice actor, movie director, movie producer and screenwriter for both movies and television. He is best-known for playing tough guys and villains. He has also played sympathetic characters. 

Ironside played Richter in the 1990 science fiction movie Total Recall. In 1997 he played Lieutenant Jean Rasczak in Starship Troopers. In 2011 he played the Captain of the 7th Fleet in X-Men: First Class. 

Ironside did voice acting in Superman: The Animated Series and its sequel Justice League.

Ironside was born in Toronto, Ontario.

References

Canadian television actors
Canadian movie actors
Actors from Toronto
1950 births
Living people
Phonograph cylinder

Phonograph cylinders were the earliest commercial method for recording and reproducing sound. 

They were commonly known simply as "records" in their era of greatest popularity (c. 1896–1915). They were hollow cylindrical objects with an audio recording engraved on the outside surface. The sound can be reproduced when they are played on a mechanical cylinder phonograph. In the 1910s, the competing disc record system became the more popular commercial audio medium.

Some of the cylinders and their recoreders can be found in local museums.

References 

Audio technology
Music technology
Olli Mäki

Olli Mäki (22 December 1936 – 6 April 2019) was a Finnish boxer. As an amateur, he won the European lightweight title in 1959. Before this, he placed second in 1957. He was dropped from the 1960 Olympic team. After this, he became professional. He fought until 1973 as a pro, with a record of 28 victories, 14 losses and 8 draws. He lost in two rounds to Davey Moore in 1962. In retirement, Mäki worked as a boxing coach and manager. The movie, The Happiest Day in the Life of Olli Mäki (2016), is based on his life. He was born in Kokkola.

On 6 April 2019, Mäki died of problems caused by Alzheimer's disease in Kirkkonummi. He was 82.

References

Other websites
 
 

1936 births
2019 deaths
Boxers
Coaches
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Finnish sportspeople
Shawn Smith

Shawn Smith (October 28, 1965 – April 3, 2019) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He began his career in 1991.He was a vocalist of the bands Brad, Satchel and Pigeonhed. He was also a solo artist. 

He released 10 solo albums from 1999 until his death. His songs were featured in television series such as The Sopranos and ER. Smith was born in Spokane, Washington.

Smith lived in Seattle. He died of a torn aorta and high blood pressure on April 3, 2019, at the age of 53.

References

Other websites
 

1965 births
2019 deaths
American keyboard players
American rock musicians
American singer-songwriters
Deaths from aortic dissection
Deaths from diabetes
Musicians from Washington
People from Spokane, Washington
Soviet satellite state

Soviet satellite states were puppet states indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union. This meant that they were countries controlled by leaders who were really controlled by the Soviet Union. Soviet satellite states included the Warsaw Pact countries and Mongolia. The Soviet Union chose leaders in these countries who were loyal to the Soviet Union and would send in the military if the local people protested against the local government.

Examples were:
 The Mongolian People's Republic (Satellite 1921–1990; government extant until 1992)
 The Tuvan People's Republic (Satellite 1921–1944; joined the Soviet Union in 1944)
 The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Satellite 1945–1948; government extant until 1992)
 The People's Socialist Republic of Albania (Satellite 1944–1960; government extant until 1992)
 The Polish People's Republic (1944–1989)
 The People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990)
 The People's Republic of Romania (1947–1965)
 The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1948–1968 and again 1968–1989)
 The German Democratic Republic (1949–1990)
 The Hungarian People's Republic (1947–1956 and again 1956–1989)
 The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978–90)

Most of these "Eastern Bloc" countries had compulsory military service for young men. They also had varying numbers of Soviet troops and KGB agents. All these countries had detailed control of information (censorship), and other aspects of the communist Soviet system. Many features of the Soviet information control were put into practice in distant countries, such as Cuba.

Other terms which may be used are:
 Buffer state
 Client state
 Vassal state
 Puppet state

Political systems
Soviet Union
Colonialism
Barry Malkin

Barry M. Malkin (October 26, 1938 – April 4, 2019) was an American movie editor. He had about 30 movie credits to his name. He was best known for his work movie director Francis Ford Coppola. He edited most of Coppola's movies between 1969 and 1997. These include The Rain People (1969), The Godfather Part II (1974), Apocalypse Now (1979), Rumble Fish (1983), The Cotton Club (1984), Peggy Sue Got Married (1986), The Godfather Part III (1990) and Jack (1996). He also edited for the movies Little Big Man (1970), Big (1988), New York Stories (1989), Honeymoon in Vegas (1992) and The Big Bounce (2004). He was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Editing and an Academy Award for Best Film Editing.

Malkin died on April 4, 2019 in Manhattan, New York City. He was 80.

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
2019 deaths
American movie editors
Marilyn Mason

Marilyn May Mason (June 29, 1925 – April 4, 2019) was an American concert organist, recording artist and professor. She joined the staff of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1947. She became chair of the organ department in 1962, and was named a professor in 1965. She retired in 2014, making her the longest serving University of Michigan staff member at 67 years. She was born in Alva, Oklahoma.

Mason died on April 4, 2019 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. She was 93.

References

1925 births
2019 deaths
Educators from Michigan
American keyboard players
Musicians from Michigan
Musicians from Oklahoma
Organists
People from Ann Arbor, Michigan
Jon Østeng Hov

Jon Østeng Hov (23 January 1936 − 29 March 2019) was a Norwegian photographer and writer. He was known for his nature photos. He was a columnist for the Adresseavisen newspaper for over 30 years. Hov was an honorary member of the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature. In 2005, he was made Knight, 1st Class of the Order of St. Olav.

Hov died on 29 March 2019, at the age of 83.

References

1936 births
2019 deaths
Columnists
Conservation
Norwegian writers
Photographers
Ralph S. Greco

Ralph Steven Greco (May 25, 1942 – March 31, 2019) was an American surgeon and sculptor. He was the Johnson and Johnson Distinguished Professor, Emeritus of Surgery at Stanford University School of Medicine. He was well-known for his advocacy for the well-being of surgery residents. He retired from Stanford in 2017.

Greco was born in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. He went to Yale University. He was married to Irene L. Wapnir. The couple had three children.

Greco died from prostate cancer on March 31, 2019 in Stanford, California. He was 76.

References

Other websites
 

2019 deaths
1942 births
American physicians
American sculptors
Cancer deaths in California
Deaths from prostate cancer
People from the Bronx
Surgeons
Yale University alumni
Marysville, California

Marysville is a city of California in the United States. It is the county seat of Yuba County.

Cities in California
County seats in California
Settlements in Yuba County, California
Franz Weber (activist)

Franz Weber (27 July 1927 – 2 April 2019) was a Swiss environmentalist, animal welfare activist and journalist. He founded the Franz Weber Foundation in 1975. In the 1970s and the 2000s, he led successful campaigns for the protection of the Lavaux region. In 2007, Lavaux became a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. He has also worked in the conservation of natural sites in France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Greece, Switzerland, Slovenia and Hungary. He has also helped endangered species in South America, Canada, Australia, Africa and Europe.

In 1989, the Franz Weber Foundation bought Bonrook Station, a former cattle station near Pine Creek, Northern Territory. It has since developed into a sanctuary for brumbies and native wild life. 

In 1997, in the presence of Émile Gardaz, Jean-Pierre Thiollet and some other personalities, the township of Delphi appointed him an Honorary citizenship.

Weber was born in Basel. He was married to Judith with one daughter, Vera. He lived in Montreux.

On 2 April 2019, Weber died in the capital Bern. He was 91.

References

Other websites

 Franz Weber Foundation

1927 births
2019 deaths
Animal rights activists
Environmentalists
Swiss journalists
People from Basel
Daniela Peštová

Daniela Peštová is a Czech model.

She was on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue in 1995, 2000 and 2006.

After she started to work for the brand in 1996, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel from 1997 to 2001. During their fashion show in 1998, she wore the Dream Angel Fantasy Bra, worth $5,000,000.

References

1970 births
Living people
Czech models
Alturas, California

Alturas is a city of California in the United States. It is the county seat of Modoc County.

Cities in California
County seats in California
Modoc County, California
1901 establishments in the United States
1900s establishments in California
Attalens

Attalens ( or  Talin) is a municipality of the district Veveyse in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Oberschrot

Oberschrot was a municipality in the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the municipalities of Oberschrot and Zumholz became part of Plaffeien.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Former municipalities of Fribourg
Zumholz

Zumholz was a municipality in the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 Zumholz and Oberschrot became part of Plaffeien.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Former municipalities of Fribourg
Heitenried

Heitenried is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Plasselb

Plasselb is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Rechthalten

Rechthalten () is a municipality of the district Sense, in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
St. Silvester

St. Silvester () is a municipality of the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
St. Ursen

St. Ursen () is a municipality of the district Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Ried bei Kerzers

Ried bei Kerzers () is a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2006, Ried bei Kerzers incorporated the neighboring municipality of Agriswil.

References 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Gurmels

Gurmels () is a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

History 
In 1978, Monterschu and Grossgurmels merged to form Gurmels. The municipality of Kleingurmels merged into Gurmels in 2000. In 2003, the former municipalities of Guschelmuth, Liebistorf and Wallenbuch were merged to form Gurmels. Then, in 2005, the former municipality of Cordast joined.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 
 
 
 
 

Municipalities of Fribourg
Madisonville, Texas

Madisonville is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Madison County.

Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Don Alden Adams

Don Alden Adams (born 1925) is an American former Jehovah's Witnesses leader. He was president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania from 2000 to 2014. The organization is the main legal body used around the world by Jehovah's Witnesses. Adams was born in Oak Park, Illinois.

References

1925 births
Living people
American Christians
Christian religious leaders
Jehovah's Witnesses people
People from Oak Park, Illinois
Adele Addison

Adele Addison (born July 24, 1925) is an American soprano. She was a figure in the classical music world during the 1950s and 1960s. She was an opera singer. However, she spent most of her career performing in recital and concert. A lot of her singing is from the Baroque period. She is well known for performing the singing voice of Bess (played by Dorothy Dandridge) in the movie Porgy and Bess (1959).

Addison was born in New York City. She grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts. She has had type 2 diabetes since childhood. In 1958, she married Norman Berger, a research scientist and professor at New York University. Berger died in 2005, after a 47-year marriage.

References

Other websites
 

1925 births
Living people
African-American singers
American opera singers
People from Springfield, Massachusetts
Singers from Massachusetts
Singers from New York City
Sopranos
List of Ottawa neighborhoods

Alta Vista
Arlington Woods
Avalon
Bayshore
Beacon Hill
Beaverbrook
Beechwood
Bells corners
Blackburn Hamlet
Bridlewood 
Britannia
Byward Market
Carleton Heights
Carson Grove
Centrepointe
Chapel Hill
Chateauneuf
Chatelaine Village
Chinatown 
Civic Hospital
Convent Glen 
Craig Henry
Crystal Beach
Downtown 
Elmvale Acres
Emerald Meadows
Fallingbrook
Gardenway
Glencairn
Heron Park
Hiawatha Park
Hintonburg
Hunt Club
Island Park
Kanata Lakes
Katimavik
Lindenlea
Little Italy
Lowertown
Manor Park
McKellar Park
Merivale
Mooney's Bay
Morgan's Grant
New Edinburgh
Nottingate
Old Ottawa South
Orleans Wood
Overbrook
Pineridge
Pineview
Pineview
Pleasant Park
Queenswood Heights
Ridgemont
Riverside
Riverside Park
Rockliffe
Rockliffe Park
Rothwell heights
Sandy Hill
Stittsville
Sunridge
Tanglewood
The Glebe
Tunnys Pasture
Uplands
Vanier
Village Green
Wellington Village
Westboro

Ottawa
Billie Eilish

Billie Eilish Pirate Baird O'Connell ( ; born December 18, 2001) is an American singer-songwriter.  She is currently signed to Interscope Records.

Career
She released her first EP, don't smile at me, in 2017. Her debut album, When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?, was released on March 29, 2019.  It features the songs "Bury a Friend", "You Should See Me in a Crown", "When the Party's Over", "Wish You Were Gay", and her first number-one hit, "Bad Guy". The album reached number one in the UK, making her the youngest woman to top the UK Albums Chart.

In February 2020, Eilish released her single "No Time to Die", the official James Bond theme for the movie of the same name.

Her second studio album, Happier Than Ever, was released July 30, 2021.

Eilish's musical style has been compared to New Zealand singer-songwriter Lorde and American singer-songwriter Lana Del Rey.

Her songs are considered dark. She suffered with depression and suicidal thoughts at age 11 and expresses her depression through her music.  She has been accused of romanticizing death and mental illness.

Discography

Awards

Grammy Awards 
Eilish became the youngest artist to win all four of the major categories (the “Big Four” – Album, Record, and Song of the Year, and Best New Artist) at the Grammy Awards in 2020. She has won five awards from six nominations.

Personal life 
Eilish has an older brother, Finneas, who works with her on her musical projects. She was part of the Los Angeles Children's Chorus and was home-schooled with her brother. Her mother is actress Maggie Baird.

References 

Grammy Award winners
Alternative music
2001 births
Living people
American pop singers
Musicians from Los Angeles
Singers from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
Actors from Los Angeles
American child singers
American composers
American models
American record producers
Brit Award winners
Golden Globe Award winners
Singer-songwriters from California
Sopranos
Vegetarians
Communist Party of Greece

The Communist Party of Greece (; Kommounistikó Kómma Elládas, KKE) is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Greece. 
It was founded in 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece (adopting its current name in November 1924). It is the oldest political party in modern Greek politics. The party played a significant role in the Greek resistance. The party's membership was largest in the mid-1940s. It participated in the Greek Civil War, but ended on the losing side and was banned until 1974.

The party took part in a coalition government in 1989 when it got more than 13% of the vote.

History

Foundation 
The October Revolution of the Bolsheviks in Russia in 1917 gave rise to the foundation of communist parties in many countries all over the globe. KKE was founded on 4 November 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece (Greek: Σοσιαλιστικό Εργατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Sosialistikó Ergatikó Kómma Elládas; acronym: ΣΕΚΕ, SEKE). The party was run by a five-member central committee. The committee consisted of Nikos Dimitratos, D. Ligdopoulos, M. Sideris, A. Arvanitis and S. Kokkinos.

The background of KKE has roots in more than 60 years of small socialist, anarchist and communist groups. These groups were mainly in industrialized areas. They followed the example of the Paris Commune and the 1892 Chicago workers' movement for the eight-hour working day. These groups pushed for the unification of Greek workers into trade unions, the implementation of an eight-hour day in Greece and better salaries for workers. Inspiration came from the Paris Commune and the communist revolutionary efforts at the beginning of the century. The destruction almost 20 years of wars brought upon the Greek workers also played a role. As a result, a unified Social-Communist party was founded in Greece.

At the Second Congress of the SEKE in April 1920, the party decided to affiliate with Comintern. The Comintern was an international communist organisation founded in Moscow in 1919. The SEKE changed its name to the Socialist Labour Party of Greece-Communist (SEKE-K). A new central committee was elected, which included Nikos and Panaghis Dimitratos, Yannis Kordatos, G. Doumas and M. Sideris. At the Third Extraordinary Congress of the SEKE-K in November 1924, the party was renamed the Communist Party of Greece and adopted Marxism–Leninism. Pandelis Pouliopoulos was elected as general-secretary. Ever since, the party has functioned on the basis of democratic centralism.

KKE between the two World Wars 
KKE strongly opposed Greece's involvement in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922. It considered the war an imperialistic plot to control the market of Asia Minor. KKE members advocated this position both on the front as well as in the mainland. KKE worked with the Soviet ambassador to persuade Venizelos' administration to withdraw its troops from Asia Minor. KKE also tried to persuade the Soviet Union to pressure Mustafa Kemal Atatürk to allow autonomy for Greek cities in Asia Minor.

References

Other websites

 

20th century establishments in Greece
1918 establishments in Europe
Communist parties in Europe
Political parties in Greece
Athens
Union Public Service Commission

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC; ) is a board in India which conduct several exams to select grade 1 officer for Indian government. UPSC is also responsible for traning and allocation of positions to its different selected candidates.

Popular exams conducted by UPSC are Civil services, CDS, IES, NDA and IFOS.

Apart from above five exams UPSC also conducts many other exams to facilitate government vaccant positions. UPSC conducts one of the toughest exam of world through which it recruits civil services aspirants for government of India.

History
Merit based civil services exam system started in India since 1854. Before 1854 Directors of East India company use to recruit or nominate civil servannts and train them at Haileybury college in London.
In early days of civil services exam pappern was focused to help Britishers for this post and exam use to be conducted only at London.
It was first in 1922 that civil services exam started in India as well. 
First Indian to clear civil servant exam was Satender Nath Tagore in 1864 and till 1922 only 4 other Indians could clear civil services.
In 1935 civil service commission was brough to "government of India act" It came in affect since 1st April 1937. It was called as Federal public service commission.

Post Independence 
India became Indipendent on 15th August 1947 and after inaugration of constitution of India on 26th January 1950, Federal Services commission of India was called Union Public services commission under clause (1) of article 378 of Indian constitution.

Every year about 1 Million students fill up form to apply for most prestigious and difficult exam in India called civil services conducted by UPSC.

References

Other websites
UPSC

1920s establishments in India
1926 establishments in Asia
Public services
Government of India
New Delhi
Lao People's Revolutionary Party

The Lao People's Revolutionary Party (), formerly the Lao People's Party, is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Laos. It has emerged from the Communist Party of Vietnam founded by Hồ Chí Minh in 1930. It has governed in Laos since 1975. The policy-making organs are the Politburo, Secretariat and the Central Committee. A party congress is held every five years. The congress elects members to the politburo and central committee. The congress used to also elect a secretariat, but this body was abolished in 1991. As of 2016, 128 of the 132 members of the National Assembly of Laos were from the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.

History 
The party has its origins in the Communist Party of Indochina founded by Ho Chi Minh in 1930 (see Communist Party of Vietnam). The ICP was entirely Vietnamese at its beginning, but it grew throughout French Indochina. The Communist Party of Indochina was able to found a small "Lao section" in 1936. In the mid-1940s, a campaign to recruit Laotian members began. In 1946 or 1947, Kaysone Phomvihan, a law student at the University of Hanoi, was recruited, along with Nouhak Phoumsavan.

Sources 
 Stuart-Fox, Martin (2008) Historical Dictionary of Laos. Scarecrow Press. ISBNs 0810864118, 978-0-81086-411-5.

1955 establishments in Asia
Communist parties in Asia
Laos
Communist Party of Chile

The Communist Party of Chile () is a Chilean political party inspired by the thoughts of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. It was founded in 1922, as the continuation of the Socialist Workers Party. In 1932 it established its youth wing, the Communist Youth of Chile (Juventudes Comunistas de Chile [abbr:JJ.CC]).

Currently, the PCCh is a member of “New Majority” (), a leftist coalition led by Michelle Bachelet.It holds 8 seats in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile.

Leaders

Related pages
Communist Youth of Chile
Luis Emilio Recabarren
Popular Unity
Co-ordinating Committee of Communist Parties in Britain
Juntos PODEMOS Más
Norte Grande insurrection

1920s establishments in Chile
1922 establishments
Communist parties
Politics of Chile
Angelo Acerbi

Angelo Acerbi (born 23 September 1925) is an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop. He became a priest in 1948. On 14 August 1979, Acerbi was named Apostolic Nuncio (diplomat of the Holy See) to Colombia, 28 March 1990 to Hungary, 13 January 1994 to Moldova and 8 February 1997 to the Netherlands. He retired on 27 February 2001. He was born in Sesta Godano, Liguria.

References

Other websites

 Angelo Acerbi at Catholic-Hierarchy.org

1925 births
Living people
Italian Roman Catholics
Liguria
Roman Catholic archbishops
Isle of Palms, South Carolina

Isle of Palms is a city in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. At the 2010 census, the population was 4,133. The city is included within the Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville metropolitan area.

References

Cities in South Carolina
Redoute's Choice

Redoute's Choice (15 August 1996 – 26 March 2019) was a multiple Group One-winning Australian Thoroughbred racehorse. He was a champion sire. 

His dam is a half-sister to the Group One winners Hurricane Sky (by Star Watch) and Umatilla (by Miswaki (USA)), and later produced the Group One winners Platinum Scissors (also by Danehill) and Manhattan Rain (by Encosta De Lago). Redoute's Choice was crowned champion first season sire in Australia in 2004 and champion sire in 2006.

Arrowfield Stud announced the death of Redoute’s Choice on 26 March 2019 at the age of 22. The horse was humanely euthanised.

References

1996 births
2019 deaths
Deaths by euthanasia
Thoroughbred racehorses
Laminitis

Laminitis is a disease that affects the feet of ungulates and is found mostly in horses and cattle. Clinical signs include foot tenderness which makes it harder for them to walk. It also increased digital pulses, and increased temperature in the hooves. The progression of the disease will lead to perforation of the coffin bone through the sole of the hoof or being unable to stand up requiring euthanasia.

Notes

Diseases
Paula Garcés

Paula Garcés (born March 20, 1974) is a Colombian-American actress. She is known for her appearance in movies such as Clockstoppers, Man of the House and The Harold and Kumar Series.

On TV shows, she starred in CSI: Miami, The Shield, Law and Order: Special Victims Unit, The Sopranos, Oz, Devious Maids, Guiding Light, All My Children and On My Block.

References

Other websites

1974 births
Living people
Colombian entertainers
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Vodka (horse)

(4 April 2004 – 1 April 2019) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racemare which won the 2007 Group One (GI) Tokyo Yūshun (Japanese Derby). She won seven G1 races in Japan and was the highest earning racemare in Thoroughbred history at the time.

Vodka died on 1 April 2019, from laminitis in Newmarket, Suffolk.  She was 14.

References

2004 births
2019 deaths
Thoroughbred racehorses
Philip Greaves

Sir Philip Greaves (born 19 January 1931) is a Barbadian politician. He served as an acting governor-general from 1 July 2017 until 8 January 2018.

References

1931 births
Living people
Governors-General of Barbados