cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Cryptopsy

Cryptopsy is a Canadian death metal band from Montreal, Quebec, formed in 1988. The band has sold over 300,000 records.

Members

Current members
 Flo Mounier – drums (1992–present)
 Jon Levasseur – lead, rhythm guitars (1993–2005, 2011–present)
 Christian Donaldson – guitar (2005–present)
 Matt McGachy – lead vocals (2007–present)
 Olivier Pinard – bass guitar (2012–present)

Former members
Vocals
 Lord Worm – lead vocals (1988–1997, 2003–2007)
 Mike DiSalvo – lead vocals (1997–2001)
 Martin Lacroix – lead vocals (2001–2003)
Rhythm guitar
 Steve Thibault – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1988–1995, 1996)
 Miguel Roy – rhythm, lead guitars (1996–1999, 2004)
 Alex Auburn – rhythm guitar, lead, backing vocals (1999–2009)
 Youri Raymond – guitar, backing vocals (2009–2011), bass guitar (2011)
Bass guitar
 John Todds – bass guitar (1988–1992) as Necrosis
 Kevin Weagle – bass guitar (1992–1993)
 Martin Fergusson – bass (1994–1995)
 Eric Langlois – bass guitar (1996–2011)
Lead Guitar
 Dave Galea – lead, rhythm guitars, vocals (1992–1993, 2000)
Keyboards
 Maggy Durand – keyboards (2007–2008)
Drums
 Mike Atkin – drums (1988–1992) as Necrosis

Session members 
 Dan Mongrain – lead guitar (2004)
 Steve Shyy (aka Steven J. Robillard) – keyboards (studio and live) as Necrosis

Discography

Studio albums
Blasphemy Made Flesh (1994)
None So Vile (1996)
Whisper Supremacy (1998)
…And Then You'll Beg (2000)
Once Was Not (2005)
The Unspoken King (2008)
Cryptopsy (2012)

Live albums
None So Live (2003)

Demos
Ungentle Exhumation (1993)

References

Other websites

Canadian death metal bands
Canadian heavy metal bands
Deathcore bands
Musical groups established in 1988
1988 establishments in Canada
Katra

Katra is a Finnish symphonic metal band featuring vocalist Katra Solopuro.

Members
Current members

2006: Katra Solopuro - vocals
2006: Kristian Kangasniemi - guitar
2006: Johannes Tolonen - bass
2009: Teemu Mätäsjärvi - guitar
2009: Matti Auerkallio - drums

Former musicians
2006: Jani Wilund - keyboards
2006: Tom "Tomma" Gardiner - guitar
2006-2009: Jaakko Järvensivu - drums

Tour musicians
2008: Teemu Mätäsjärvi – guitar

Discography

Studio albums

2007: Katra (Edel)
2008: Beast Within (Napalm)
2010: Out of the Ashes (Napalm)

Singles

2006: Sahara
2007: Tietäjä/Vaaratar
2010: One Wish Away

Music Videos
2007: Tietäjä
2008: Beast Within
2010: One Wish Away

Other websites
Official Website
Official Myspace
Katra Blog
Metal Storm band page

Finnish heavy metal bands
Symphonic metal bands
Mad scene

A mad scene is a scene in a play, ballet, opera, or other theatre work that shows a character either insane or going insane. Three famous mad scenes are those in the play Hamlet, in the ballet Giselle, and the opera Lucia di Lammermoor. In Hamlet, Ophelia is truly mad while Hamlet pretends to be mad.

Theater
Opera
Summerland, British Columbia

Summerland is a town in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is in the interior of British Columbia, on the west side of Okanagan Lake. The population of Summerland was 10,828 in 2006. The mayor of Summerland is Janice Perrino. It is known for its world renowned wineries. It is also home to the historic Kettle Valley Steam Railway. The town was originally known as Trout Creek and was renamed Summerland in 1902 when Sir Thomas Shaughnessy bought the Barclay Ranch. The nickname for Summerland is Town of Festivals. The sister city of Summerland is Toyokoro, Japan.

References

Other websites
Official website

Cities in British Columbia
Bruno Sammartino

]
Bruno Sammartino (October 6, 1935 – April 18, 2018) was an Italian-American retired wrestler. He was born on October 6, 1935 in Italy. He became a wrestler in 1959. He would often beat opponents with his bearhug. 

On May 17, 1963, Bruno beat Buddy Rogers to become the second World Wide Wrestling Federation champion. He held this title for over seven years, a record for professional wrestling world champions. He had his first match in Japan in 1967. He lost to Ivan Koloff on January 18, 1971. On December 10, 1973, Sammartino beat Stan Stasiak to once again be the champion. Billy Graham won the championship from Bruno on April 30, 1977 in Baltimore. World Wide Wrestling Federation became the World Wrestling Federation in March 1979. Sammartino wrestled less often after but he did have classic feud with Larry Zbyszko that ended in a steel cage match at Shea Stadium in 1980. He retired in 1987.
Sammartino was also a commentator with Vince McMahon. 

In 2013, he accepted an invitation for induction into the WWE Hall of Fame, after he declined many times in prior years.

Sammartino died on April 18, 2018 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania of multiple organ failure caused by heart disease at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

More on Bruno Sammartino

1935 births
Italian people
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in Pennsylvania
2018 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American professional wrestlers
WWE Hall of Fame
Kemmu

was a  of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Shōkyō and before Ryakuō. This period started in January 1334 and ended in August 1338 in the Northern Court, but it lasted until only February 1336 in the Southern Court.  The pretender in Kyoto was .  Kōmyō's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .

Events of the Kemmu era 
In 1333-1336, the Kemmu Restoration was an attempt by Emperor Go-Daigo to restore Imperial authority after the fall of the Kamakura shogunate. The failure of this effort led to the creation of two rival Imperial courts.
 1334 (Kemmu 1): Emperor Go-Daigo caused Kemmu nenchū gyōji to be written. This was a book which described the ceremonies of the court; and its purpose was to aid the process of reviving ancient court etiquette.
 25 October 1334 (Kemmu 1, 27th day of the 9th month): Emperor Go-Daigo made an Imperial progress to Kamo-jinja. No other emperor would visit Kamo's shrines until April 29, 1863 (Bunkyu 3, 11th day of the 3rd month), when Emperor Komei made an Imperial progress to Kamo.
 1336 (Kemmu 3): An anonymous author published Kemmu nenkan ki, which was a chronicle of the Kemmu era. The text is a source of information about laws, government, bureaucrats, and arable lands and estates given by the emperor to the nobility or to religious institutions (shōen).
 1336 (Kemmu 3): Ashikaga Takauji issued a new legal code with 17 articles (Kemmu-shikimoku).
 17 May 1336 (Kemmu 3, 6th day of the 4th month): Former-Emperor Go-Fushimi died.

Southern Court nengō
The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Shōkei 1 as time was reckoned in the Northern Court in Kyoto; and the era began in Genkō 4, as time was ordered in the Southern Court in Yoshino.

Related pages
 Muromachi period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1330s establishments in Japan
1330s disestablishments in Japan
1334 establishments
1338 disestablishments
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation

, also known as JOGMEC, is an Independent Administrative Institution which was created by the Japanese government in 2004.

History
In 2004, JOGMEC was established by the  Law Concerning the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation .

JOGMEC was created when the Japan National Oil Corporation (JNOC) merged with the former Metal Mining Agency of Japan (MMAJ).

Rare metal stockpiles are managed by JOGMEC.

In March 2013 JOGMEC successfully extracted methane hydrate from seabed for the first time in the world.

Related pages
 List of Independent Administrative Institutes in Japan

References

Other websites
  JOGMEC website

Independent Administrative Institutions of Japan
Elector of the Palatinate

The Elector of the Palatinate () ruled the Palatinate of the Rhine in the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire from 915 to 1803.

Electors and Electresses

et:Pfalzi kuurvürstkond#Pfalzi kuurvürstkonna valitsejate loend
Mary Cheney

Mary Claire Cheney (born March 14, 1969) is an American businesswoman and the younger daughter of former U.S. Vice President, Dick Cheney and his wife, former second lady, Lynne Cheney. She is openly lesbian and has stated support for same-sex marriage along with her father. She is in a long relationship with Heather Poe, a former parking ranger with whom she has had 2 children, Samuel David and Sarah Lynne. On June 22, 2012, Cheney married her long time partner Heather Poe. Cheney has a sister, Elizabeth Cheney (born 1966).

References 

1969 births
Living people
American LGBT rights activists
Businesspeople from Wisconsin
Lesbians
LGBT businesspeople
LGBT people from Wisconsin
People from Madison, Wisconsin
Shore crabs

Shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) are a common crustacean. They are often found around the sea shore.

They come in a variety of colours. They are often green or brown. They have eight legs and two large pincers. The width across the shell is up to . The usual width is about .

They are normally found in the North Atlantic or the Baltic Sea but are beginning to live in many other areas of the world. Shore crabs live on beaches and rocky shores.

Shore crabs are a nocturnal predator which means it hunts at night. They eat small crustaceans, molluscs, worms and some fish.

A female shore crab can lay up to nearly 200 thousand eggs at once. They carry the eggs with them until they hatch. Like most crabs, when a shore crab gets too big for its shell, it sheds its shell. After that, it has a new soft shell which soon hardens.

Other websites

Crustaceans
Phytosaur

Phytosaurs are an extinct group of large semi-aquatic Upper Triassic archosaurs. 

Phytosaurs were long-snouted and heavily armoured, bearing a remarkable resemblance to modern crocodiles in size, appearance, and lifestyle. This is an example of convergence or parallel evolution. The name 'phytosaur' means 'plant reptile': the first fossils of phytosaurs were mistakenly thought to belong to plant eaters. The sharp teeth in phytosaur jaws clearly show they were predators.

Although phytosaurs were not true crocodilians themselves, they were more closely related to the crocodilians than to other modern reptiles. Crocodiles did not become phytosaur-like until the Lower Jurassic. "Consensus generally places phytosaurs as basal crurotarsans, possibly the basal-most group".

Phytosaurs had a nearly global distribution. Fossils have been recovered from Europe, North America, India, Morocco, Thailand, Brazil and Madagascar.

References 

Archosaurs
Triassic
Fossils
Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip

Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip is the debut album by American band TLC. It was released on February 25, 1992 by LaFace Records. The album reached number 14 on the US Billboard 200 chart, number two on the Top Heatseekers, and number three on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The album shipped 4,000,000 copies in the United States.

Reception 

Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly gave a positive review on the album. Steve Huey of Allmusic gave a "mixed" review on the album and believed it helped TLC to become more popular. According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album has sold 2,500,000 copies in the United States. It was later certified 4x Platinum by the RIAA.

Track listing

References

Other websites 
 
 Ooooooohhh... On the TLC Tip at Discogs

1992 albums
Debut albums
TLC albums
R&B albums
Hip hop albums
CrazySexyCool

CrazySexyCool is the second studio album by American girl group TLC. It was released on November 15, 1994 by LaFace Records. The album reached number three on the US Billboard 200, number two on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number four on the UK Albums Chart. The album became TLC's best-selling album, it was known as their "breakthrough album". Rolling Stone magazine ranked the album number 377 of the "500 greatest albums of all time" list. The album was certified 1x Diamond in the United States. TLC became the first and only girl group to have a diamond-certified album. The album features more of a R&B and soul sound than hip hop sound due the fact that Left Eye wasn't able to record much of her own raps for the album due to being in rehab for setting her then-boyfriend's house on fire.

Release and reception 

The album sold 127,000 copies on the first day of release. According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album has sold 7,200,000 copies in the United States. It was certified 1x Diamond, which means 10,000,000 copies of the album were shipped to the United States. The album was also certified 11x Platinum (11,000,000 copies shipped) by the RIAA.

Track listing
 "Intro-Lude" (featuring Phife Dawg) – 1:01 (Jermaine Dupri)
 "Creep" – 4:28 (Dallas Austin)
 "Kick Your Game" – 4:14 (Dupri, Lopes, Seal)
 "Diggin' on You" – 4:14 (Babyface)
 "Case of the Fake People" – 4:04 (Dallas Austin)
 "Crazy Sexy Cool - Interlude" – 1:42 (Combs, Thompson, Watkins)
 "Red Light Special" – 5:04 (Babyface)
 "Waterfalls" – 4:39 (Lopes, Ethridge, Organized Noize)
 "Intermission-Lude" – 0:43 (Dupri)
 "Let's Do It Again" – 4:16 (Babyface, Jon John)
 "If I Was Your Girlfriend" (Prince) – 4:36
 "Sexy - Interlude" (featuring Puff Daddy) – 1:34 (Combs, Thomas)
 "Take Our Time" – 4:33 (Hennings, Killings)
 "Can I Get a Witness - Interlude" (featuring Busta Rhymes) – 2:57 (Combs, Rhymes, Thomas)
 "Switch" – 3:30 (Dupri, Lopes, Seal)
 "Sumthin' Wicked This Way Comes" (featuring Dré of OutKast) – 4:23 (Benjamin, Lopes, Ethridge, Organized Noize)

References 

1994 albums
TLC albums
Hip hop soul albums
New jack swing albums
R&B albums
FanMail

FanMail is the third studio album by American girl group TLC. It was released on February 23, 1999. It was released by LaFace Records. It features a more electronic and hip hop influence to the album, along with the group's signature R&B sound.

Release and reception 

On the first day of release, the album sold 318,000 copies in the United States. It debuted at number one on the US Bollboard 200 and the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It also reached the top ten in Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. The album was given eight Grammy Awards nominations. It won the Grammy Award for "Album of the Year". According to Nielsen SoundScan, the album sold 4,700,000 copies in the United States. It was certified 6x Platinum (6,000,000 copies shipped) by the RIAA.

Track listing

Notes

References 

1999 albums
TLC albums
Electronic albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Death Proof

Death Proof is a 2007 American crime movie directed by Quentin Tarantino. The movie has action and thrilling car chases. It is set in Texas and Tennessee.

References

Other websites

2007 action movies
2007 crime movies
2007 thriller movies
American action movies
American crime thriller movies
American serial killer movies

English-language movies
Movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Movies set in Texas
Movies set in Tennessee
American independent movies
Inglourious Basterds

Inglourious Basterds is a 2009 German-American war movie directed by Quentin Tarantino. It takes place in Nazi-occupied France during World War II. The movie was rated 4 out of 4 stars by movie reporter Roger Ebert.

Release dates

References

Other websites 

2009 movies
2000s war movies
American war movies
German movies
Movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in the 1940s
Multilingual movies
World War II movies
Universal Pictures movies
Movies set in Paris
Japanese Sign Language

, also known as JSL or NS, is the main sign language in Japan.

History

In 1878, the first school for the deaf was established in Kyoto.

In 1900, the  was founded.

In 1948, Deaf children were required to attend school.

In the late-20th century, Japanese sign language began to be recognized.

The Japanese Federation of the Deaf is for those Japanese whose primary language is JSL.

JSL has a friend in the Imperial family. Kiko, Princess Akishino has studied JSL and is a trained sign language interpreter.  She also signs in informal Deaf gatherings.

In 2006, the Japanese government amended the "Supporting Independence of People with Disabilities Act."  The new language in the law encourages local governments to increase the number and use of JSL interpreters.

Elements of Japanese Sign Language (JSL)
As in other sign languages, JSL (usually called simply 手話 shuwa, "hand talk") consists of words, or signs, and the grammar with which they are put together.

Examples of JSL signs

References

Further reading
 Monaghan, Leila Frances. (2003). Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press. ;  OCLC 248814292
 Nakamura, Karen. (2006). Deaf in Japan: Signing and the Politics of Identity. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ; ;  OCLC 238810838

Other websites
 Japanese Association of Sign Linguistics (JASL) 
手話教室 (online JSL lessons and dictionary, in Japanese)
Online JSL dictionaries
 Kyoto Prefectural Education Center Website with explanations in English

Japanese language
Sign languages
Raging Bull

Raging Bull is a 1980 American biographical sports drama movie directed by Martin Scorsese, produced by Irwin Winkler and Robert Chartoff and adapted by Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin from Jake LaMotta's 1970 memoir Raging Bull: My Story. The movie, distributed by United Artists, stars Robert De Niro as Jake LaMotta, an Italian-American middleweight boxer whose self-destructive and obsessive rage, sexual jealousy, and animalistic appetite destroyed his relationship with his wife and family. Also featured in the film are Joe Pesci as Joey, LaMotta's well-intentioned brother and manager who tries to help Jake battle his inner demons, and Cathy Moriarty as his wife. Nicholas Colasanto, Theresa Saldana, and Frank Vincent all play supporting roles in the movie.

Scorsese was initially reluctant to develop the project, though he eventually came to relate to LaMotta's story. Schrader re-wrote Martin's first screenplay, and Scorsese and De Niro together made uncredited contributions thereafter. Pesci was an unknown actor prior to the film, as was Moriarty, who was suggested for her role by Pesci. During the filming, each of the boxing scenes was choreographed for a specific visual style and De Niro gained approximately 60 pounds (27 kg) to portray LaMotta in his later post-boxing years. Scorsese was exacting in the process of editing and mixing the movie, expecting it to be his last major feature.

Raging Bull premiered in New York on November 14, 1980, and was released in theaters on December 19, 1980. The movie had a lukewarm box office of $23.4 million against its $18 million budget. The movie received mixed reviews upon its release; while De Niro's performance and the editing were widely acclaimed, it garnered criticism due to its violent content. Despite the mixed reviews, the movie was nominated for eight Academy Awards at the 53rd Academy Awards (tying with The Elephant Man as the most nominated movie of the ceremony), including Best Picture and Best Director, and won two: Best Actor for De Niro (his second Oscar) and Best Editing.

After its release, Raging Bull went on to garner a high critical reputation, and is now often considered Scorsese's magnum opus and one of the greatest movies ever made. In 1990, it became the first movie to be selected for preservation in the National Film Registry in its first year of eligibility.

References

Other websites 
 

1980 drama movies
1980s biographical movies
1980s sports movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
American sports movies
English-language movies
Sports drama movies
Movies directed by Martin Scorsese
Mark Spitz

Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10, 1950) is an American retired swimmer of Jewish descent. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. That achievement was only passed by Michael Phelps who won eight golds at the 2008 Olympics.

References

Other websites

1950 births
Living people
American Olympic bronze medalists
American Olympic gold medalists
American Olympic silver medalists
American swimmers
Jewish American sportspeople
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from California
Jesse Ventura

James George Janos, better known as Jesse Ventura, is an American statesman, actor, author, and former professional wrestler. He served as the 38th Governor of Minnesota from 1999 to 2003. He was elected in 1998. He was Mayor of Brooklyn Park, Minnesota from 1991 to 1995.

Ventura served as a Navy UDT during the Vietnam War. As an actor, he appeared in The Running Man and Predator. He called wrestling matches with Vince McMahon for TV shows and with Gorilla Monsoon for pay-per-views in the WWF. In WCW, he called matches with Jim Ross. Ventura and Ross teamed up again to call XFL football games.

Ventura was born on July 15, 1951 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. His height is 6' 4". His wife is Theresa Larson Masters since 1975.

In September 2019, Ventura expressed interest in running for President in 2020 under an Independent bid.

References

1939 births
American military people
American movie actors
American professional wrestlers
Governors of Minnesota
Independent politicians in the United States
Living people
American political writers
American political commentators
Sportspeople from Minnesota
Writers from Minnesota
Actors from Minneapolis, Minnesota
WWE Hall of Fame
Ilya Repin

Ilya Yefimovich Repin (,  – 29 September 1930) was an important Russian painter and sculptor.

Biography 
Repin was born in a village near Kharkov, Russian Empire (now part of Ukraine). He came from a poor family. Repin first learned to paint from an icon painter. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Saint Petersburg. Later he became a professor of painting at the same academy. He is best known for his paintings of scenes from Russian history and his portraits.

References

1844 births
1930 deaths
Russian painters
Ship's bell

A ship's bell is a bell usually made of bronze that is used on ships and sailboats. It is most often rung to announce the time, such as at the hour and half-hour.

Sometimes a ship's bell may be used as a percussion instrument in an orchestra.

Navy
Bells
John Roberts (actor)

Jonathan "John" Roberts (born 1979) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice arist, and comedian. He is the voice of Linda Belcher in Bob's Burgers.

References

Other websites
 

1979 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Dan Mintz

Daniel "Dan" Mintz (born 1981) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice arist, and comedian. He is the voice of Tina Belcher in Bob's Burgers.

Other websites
 

1981 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from Alaska
People from Anchorage, Alaska
Comedians from Alaska
Eugene Mirman

Eugene Boris Mirman (born 1974) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and voice actor. He is the voice of Gene Belcher in Bob's Burgers.

Other websites
 

1974 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from Massachusetts
Comedians from Massachusetts
Kristen Schaal

Kristen Schaal (born January 24, 1978 ) is an American stand-up comedienne, actress and voice artist. She is the voice of Mabel in Gravity Falls. She also is the voice of character Louise Belcher in Bob's Burgers. Schaal was born in Longmont, Colorado.

Filmography

Animated Roles
 Adventure Time - Boobafina, Jake Jr.
 American Dad! - Girl, Librarian
 Bob's Burgers - Louise Belcher
 The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange - Squash McAdams
 The Penguins of Madagascar - Buffy the Rabbit, Fluffy the Rabbit, Muffy the Rabbit
 The Simpsons - Louise Belcher

Film Roles
 Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 - Barb the Orangutan
 Despicable Me 2 - Shannon
 Shrek Forever After - Palace Witch, Pumpkin Witch
 Toy Story 3 - Trixie
 Toy Story 4 - Trixie
 Woody's Roundup: The Movie - Trixie

References

Other websites

 

1978 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from Colorado
Comedians from Colorado
Loren Bouchard

Loren Hal Bouchard (born October 10, 1969 ) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice arist. He is best known as the creator of Bob's Burgers.

References

Other websites
 

1969 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Tony Leondis

Anthony "Tony" Leondis (born 1972) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, and comedian. He is the voice of Master Croc in Kung Fu Panda: Secrets of the Masters.

Other websites
 

1972 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Anthony Michael Hall

Michael Anthony Hall (born April 14, 1968) is an American actor, movie producer and director.  He is known  as Anthony Michael Hall. He was in several movies for teens in the 1980s. Hall began his career in commercials and on stage as a child.  He first made a movie in 1980. Hall was born in West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts and grew up in New York, New York.

He expanded his jobs to abstain from turning out to be pigeonholed as his nerd persona, joining the cast of Saturday Night Live (1985–1986) and featuring in movies, for example, Out of Bounds (1986), Johnny Be Good (1988), Edward Scissorhands (1990) and Six Degrees of Separation (1993). After a progression of minor jobs during the 1990s, he featured as Microsoft's Bill Gates in the 1999 TV film Pirates of Silicon Valley. He had the main job in the USA Network arrangement The Dead Zone from 2002 to 2007. In 2020, he showed up in ABC's The Goldbergs.

Selected filmography

Movies

Television

References

Other websites 
 
 

1968 births
Living people
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
American movie actors
American television actors
American television producers
Movie producers from Massachusetts
Susie Essman

Susan "Susie" Essman (born May 31, 1955 ) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice artist. She plays Susie Greene in Curb Your Enthusiasm, Helen Higgins in Crank Yankers, and Mittens in Bolt.

Early life
Essman was born Susan Essman in New York City, New York.

References

Other websites

 

1955 births
American stand-up comedians
American voice actors
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Wing-banded Antbird

The wing-banded antbird (Myrmornis torquata) is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.

It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It feeds by hopping on the ground, turning dead leaves over in search of insects. It uses its long bill to do this, and never picks the leaves up.

References

 BirdLife International 2004. Myrmornis torquata. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 26 July 2007.

Passeriformes
Seine

The Seine is a river in France. It flows into the English Channel between Le Havre and Honfleur. It is  long. It is the second-longest river in France. Other important cities along its course are Paris, Troyes and Rouen. Its drainage basin has a surface of . The Seine starts in Source-Seine, in Côte-d'Or, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, at an height of .

Navigation

Between Rouen and the sea, ocean-going vessels of up to  in length, and 150,000 tons in weight can travel the Seine. This section of the river has a length of about . Ships of a draft of up to  can circulate. Draft is a word describe the height of the part of a ship that is below the water line. There are three bridges in this section. They can be raised. The maximum air draft (or height above the water line) of a ship is . Because there are few briges, the river can be crossed by ferry, at different locations. The port of Rouen is an important maritime port in France; it is the most important port in Europe for cereals,  and the most important port in France for flour and fertilizers. Even if the port of Le Havre is more important for petroleum, that of Rouen is still important. About 25 million tons of produce is handled by the port of Rouen each year.

The course of the river was corrected between Rouen and Paris in  the 19th century. There are seven locks. Barges with merchanise, of a capacity of up to 350 t can circulate. The dimension of the lock determines the maximum dimension of the ship. When most canals were built in France, the mister for public works, Charles de Freycinet  determined the maximum length of the locks. As a result, the maximum dimension of the ship are  by , with a draft of . In the case of the French canals, the maximum draft is . The load of a peniche is about that of ten lorries or eight rail waggons.  Other ship types that can circulate have a  capacity of  to . Convois of barges with a length between  to  and can transport betweeen  and  of freight. Other ships include river-vessels that can transport up to  of freight.

The port of Paris is the most important fluvial port in France: About 20.2 million tons of merchanise are handled each year, 20 miilon  tons of this merchandise come from fluvial transport.  There is a project called Seine–Nord Europe Canal, to build a high-capacity canal to connect the Paris region to the Ports of Antwerp, Dunkerque and Rotterdam, for large ships of a with of  width and  length.

Floods
Different floods of the river have been reported. The oldest report is from Emperor Julian who reported a flood of the river in his work Misopogon in the year 358. Gregory of Tours reported a flood in  February 528 in his Historia Francorum.

Arts

The river has inspired different painters, mainly in the 19th and 20th century. Honoré de Balzac describes it in many of his books. Gustave Flaubert uses the river as a metaphor or image to describe the flow of time. Other authors include Jacques Prévert, and Guillaume Apollinaire.

References

Rivers of France
Île-de-France
Normandy
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Louie Anderson

Louis Perry Anderson (March 24, 1953January 21, 2022) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, author and game show host. Anderson made the cartoon series Life with Louie and has written three books. He was the host of the second revival of the game show Family Feud, from 1999 to 2002. He was nominated three times for an Emmy Award, for his performance on the comedy television series Baskets, and won it once in 2016.

On January 18, 2022, it was announced that Anderson had been diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and was undergoing treatment in Las Vegas. He died three days later at the age of 68.

References

1953 births
American game show hosts
American television personalities
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Comedians from Minnesota
Emmy Award winning actors
2022 deaths
Deaths from non-Hodgkin lymphoma
National Assembly of Belarus

The National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus is the parliament of Belarus. The two parts of the National Assembly are:

Council of the Republic- The upper house
House of Representatives- The lower house

The houses meet every year. The first session starts October 2.  It cannot be more than 80 days. The second session starts April 2. It does not last more than 90 days. Sometimes the President can have them meet a third time.

Council of the Republic
The Council of the Republic is the upper house.  It has 64 members.  The members are based geographically.  Eight members of the Council are picked by the President of Belarus.  The remaining members are elected by secret vote: eight members of the Council are elected from each of the country's regions and Minsk City.  Members must aged 30 and more and live in the region they are elected from for at least five years.

Speakers of the Council of the Republic

 Pavel Shipuk January 13, 1997–December 19, 2000
 Alyaksandr Vaytovich December 19, 2000–July 28, 2003
 Henadz Navitski July 28, 2003–October 31, 2008
 Boris Batura October 31, 2008–May 20, 2010
 Anatoli Rubinov May 24, 2010–Present

House of Representatives
The House of Representatives is the lower house.  It has 110 deputies.  Any citizen of 21 years is eligible for election.

Speakers of the House of Representatives

References

Politics of Belarus
Belarus
Seine department

Seine was a département in France. It was created as Paris in 1790, and renamed to Seine in 1795. On the 1st of January 1968 it was abolished, together with the department Seine-et-Oise which surrounded it. The area was distributed into 4 departements, Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne. In 1968, about 5.7 million people lived in the area; about 2.5 million lived in the city of Paris.

Departments of France
1790 establishments
1790s establishments in France
1968 disestablishments
1960s disestablishments in Europe
20th-century disestablishments in France
Philip Seymour Hoffman

Philip Seymour Hoffman (July 23, 1967 – February 2, 2014) was an American actor.

Early life
He was born in Fairport, New York. He had a brother, writer Gordy Hoffman (born 1964) and two sisters. Hoffman's mother was a Roman Catholic of Irish origin. His father was a Protestant of part-German origin. Hoffman studied at New York State Summer School of the Arts and at Tisch School of the Arts.

Career
Hoffman first started acting in 1991 in an episode of Law & Order. His first movie role was as Matt in the 1992 movie Leap of Faith. He then acted in many movies. His performance as Truman Capote in Capote earned him an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award. He also acted on television and in theater. His last movie was The Hunger Games: Catching Fire and in A Most Wanted Man.

Personal life and death
Hoffman lived in Manhattan with his partner Mimi O'Donnell. They were a couple from 1999 until 2013. They had a son and two daughters. 

On February 2, 2014, Hoffman was found dead in his Manhattan apartment, of an apparent drug overdose. His funeral was held at St. Ignatius Loyola church, Manhattan, on February 7, 2014.

Selected filmography

Boogie Nights
Next Stop Wonderland
Happiness
Flawless
Magnolia
The Talented Mr. Ripley
State and Main
Almost Famous
Punch-Drunk Love
Owning Mahowny
Capote
Mission: Impossible III
Before the Devil Knows You're Dead
The Savages
Charlie Wilson's War
Synechdoche, New York
Doubt
Jack Goes Boating
The Ides of March
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire

References

Other websites 

 
 
 Philip Seymour Hoffman Biography 
 NPR Interview (09/2005)
 Brandt Tribute  Lebowski Podcast's tribute to Hoffman's character in The Big Lebowski.

1967 births
2014 deaths
Academy Award winning actors
Accidental deaths in New York City
Actors from New York
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Pecados y Milagros

Pecados y Milagros () is the seventh album by Mexican Latin singer Lila Downs. It was released in 2011. It reached the top of the charts in Mexico, Germany, Argentina, Colombia, Spain and the United States. It also reached the top ten in other major markets. Downs did a tour for the album called the "Pecados y Milagros World Tour". The singles on Pecados y Milagros are: "Palomo del Comalito", "Zapata se Queda" and "Mezcalito". In 2012 the album Pecados y Milagros won a Grammy Award for "Best Regional Mexican Music Album (Including Tejano)". The same year it won a Latin Grammy Award for "Best Folk Album". The main music genres which make up the album are pop, folk and ska.

Track listing

References

2011 albums
Lila Downs albums
Grammy Award-winning albums
Shake Away

Ojo de Culebra () is the sixth studio album by Mexican Latin singer Lila Downs.

This album was recorded in New York and Mexico. All the songs on this album were composed by Lila Downs and Paul Cohen, except "I Envy The Wind" (by Lucinda Williams) and "I Would Never" (by Paul Buchanan). It includes a version of "Black Magic Woman" by Peter Green. In "Ojo de Culebra" they mix instruments and electronic music. It includes collaborations with Enrique Bunbury, La Mari, Mercedes Sosa and Ramon Gutierrez, among others.

Songs

Charts 
The album had the following chart activity in 2008:
 Top Heatseekers - #48
 Top Latin Albums - #36
 Top World Music Albums - #3

References

Other websites
 Ojo de Culebra credits

2008 albums
Lila Downs albums
Kathryn Joosten

Kathryn Joosten (December 20, 1939 – June 2, 2012) was an American television and voice actress. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She won two Emmy Awards. She died of lung cancer in Westlake Village, California.

Filmography

 1996: Murphy Brown as Secretary #83
 2005-2012: Desperate Housewives as Karen McCluskey
 2009: Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel as Aunt Jackie

References

Other websites

1939 births
2012 deaths
Actors from Chicago
Actors from Florida
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from lung cancer
Emmy Award winning actors
Japan Atomic Energy Agency

The  or JAEA, is a Japanese organization that seeks to research, promote, and monitor the peaceful use of nuclear energy.  It is an Independent Administrative Institution.

History
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency was formed October 1, 2005 by a merger of the  Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and the Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC).

The "Japan Atomic Energy Agency Act of 2005" established the scope of agency concerns, including
 Basic research of nuclear energy
 Promotion of research and development results
 Human resource development 
 Study and analysis of safety regulation, prevention of nuclear disasters, international non-proliferation, etc.

Related pages
 Independent Administrative Institution
 List of Independent Administrative Institutes in Japan
 Fukushima I nuclear accidents

References

Other websites
English JAEA website ;  

Independent Administrative Institutions of Japan
Seven (movie)

Seven is a 1995 American neo-noir crime horror thriller movie. It was directed by David Fincher and produced by Arnold Kopelson. It stars Brad Pitt as David Mills and Morgan Freeman as William Somerset, police detectives who are working together to catch serial killer John Doe, played by Kevin Spacey. Doe murders people he believes are guilty of the seven deadly sins. Mills' wife Tracy is played by Gwyneth Paltrow.

Other websites 

1995 crime movies
1995 thriller movies
1995 horror movies
1990s crime thriller movies
1990s horror thriller movies
1995 mystery movies
1990s serial killer movies
American crime thriller movies
American horror thriller movies
American mystery movies
American serial killer movies
English-language movies
Film noir
Movies directed by David Fincher
American independent movies
Core (Stone Temple Pilots album)

Core is the first album by the American rock band Stone Temple Pilots.  It was released on September 29, 1992 through Atlantic Records. The album made #1 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart and #3 on the Billboard 200. It was the band's best-selling album.

Track listing
All lyrics written by Scott Weiland, except where noted.

Charts

References

1992 albums
21 Grams

21 Grams is an American drama movie directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu and written by Guillermo Arriga. It stars Sean Penn, Naomi Watts, Benicio del Toro, whose lives are connected when del Toro's character Jack Jordan kills the husband and two daughters of Watts' character Cristina Peck in a hit-and-run road accident. His heart is transplanted into Penn's character, mathematician Paul Rivers.

Release dates

Other websites 

2003 drama movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu
Suicide in fiction
Celia Cruz

Celia Cruz (October 21, 1925 – July 16, 2003) was a Cuban-American salsa performer. She earned twenty-three gold albums. She was called the "Queen of Salsa" as well as "La Guarachera de Cuba."

She spent most of her career living in New Jersey. She worked in the United States and several Latin American countries. Leila Cobo of Billboard Magazine once said "Cruz is indisputably the best known and most influential female figure in the history of Cuban music."

Discography

 2003 Homenaje a Beny Moré
 2003 Celia & Johnny
 2003 Dios Disfrute a la Reina
 2003 Son Boleros, Boleros Son
 2003 Reina de la Música Cubana
 2003 Regalo del Alma
 2003 Más Grande Historia Jamás Cantada
 2003 Estrellas de la Sonora Matancera
 2003 Celia in the House: Classic Hits Remixed
 2003 Carnaval de la Vida
 2003 Candela Pura
 2002 Unrepeatable
 2002 Hits Mix
 2001 La Negra Tiene Tumbao
 2000 Siempre Viviré
 2000 Salsa
 2000 Habanera
 2000 Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night of Salsa
 1999 En Vivo Radio Progreso, Vol. 3
 1999 En Vivo Radio Progreso, Vol. 2
 1999 En Vivo Radio Progreso, Vol. 1
 1999 En Vivo C.M.Q., Vol. 5
 1999 En Vivo C.M.Q., Vol. 4
 1998 Mi Vida Es Cantar

 1998 Afro-Cubana
 1997 También Boleros
 1997 Duets
 1997 Cambiando Ritmos
 1996 Celia Cruz Delta
 1995 Irresistible
 1995 Festejando Navidad
 1995 Double Dynamite
 1995 Cuba's Queen of Rhythm
 1994 Merengue Saludos Amigos
 1994 Mambo del Amor
 1994 Irrepetible
 1994 Homenaje a Los Santos
 1994 Guaracheras de La Guaracha
 1993 Introducing
 1993 Homenaje a Beny Moré, Vol. 3
 1993 Boleros Polydor
 1993 Azucar Negra
 1992 Verdadera Historia
 1992 Tributo a Ismael Rivera
 1991 Reina del Ritmo Cubano
 1991 Canta Celia Cruz
 1990 Guarachera del Mundo
 1988 Ritmo en el Corazón
 1987 Winners
 1986 De Nuevo

 1986 Candela
 1983 Tremendo Trío
 1982 Feliz Encuentro
 1981 Celia & Willie
 1980 Celia/Johnny/Pete
 1977 Only They Could Have Made This Album
 1976 Recordando El Ayer
 1975 Tremendo Caché
 1974 Celia & Johnny
 1971 Celia Y Tito Puente en España
 1970 Etc. Etc. Etc.
 1969 Quimbo Quimbumbia
 1968 Serenata Guajira
 1968 Excitante
 1967 A Ti México
 1967 Bravo Celia Cruz
 1966 Son con Guaguancó
 1966 Cuba Y Puerto Rico Son
 1965 Sabor y Ritmo de Pueblos
 1965 Canciones Premiadas
 1959 Mi Diario Musical
 1958 Incomparable Celia

Grammy awards

|-
| align="center"|1989
| "Ritmo En El Corazon"
| Best Tropical Latin Performance
|
|-
| align="center"|2000
| Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night of Salsa
| Best Salsa Performance
|
|-
| align="center"|2001
| "Siempre Viviré"
| Best Tropical Traditional Album
|
|-
| align="center"|2002
| La Negra Tiene Tumbao
| Best Salsa Album
|
|-
| align="center"|2003
| La Negra Tiene Tumbao
| Best Salsa Album
|
|-
| align="center"|2003
| Regalo del Alma
| Best Salsa/Merengue Album
|
|-
| align="center"|2004
| Regalo del Alma
| Best Salsa Album
|

References

1925 births
2003 deaths
Cancer deaths in the United States
Cuban musicians
Deaths from brain cancer
Grammy Award winners
Singers from New Jersey
Latin Grammy Award winners
South West Trains

South West Trains was a train company in the United Kingdom. It served 213 stations and ran 185 of those. The company  had 371 trains and ran the Island Line as well.  

In August 2017, South Western Railway took over the franchise.

References

Post-privatisation British railway companies
2017 disestablishments in Europe
Defunct companies of the United Kingdom
Island Line Trains

Island Line Trains is a train operating company in England. It is owned by South Western Railway. It runs a single 8.5 mile line on the Isle of Wight with 7 trains and 8 stations managed.

Rail transport in England
Isle of Wight
Train operating companies
Railway companies of the United Kingdom
London Midland

London Midland was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. It ran  of track and served 146 stations. During 2007, it carried 591.5 million passengers. London Midland operated the West Midlands franchise between 2007 and 2017. 

In August 2017 the franchise was awarded to a new train operating company, West Midlands Trains, who took over on 10 December 2017.

References

Rail transport in the United Kingdom
Post-privatisation British railway companies
Train operating companies
Heineken

Heineken is a Dutch beer (5% abv pale lager) which has been brewed by Heineken International since 1873. It is the flagship product of the Heineken company and is made of processed, impure water, sometimes advertised as purified water, malted barley, hops, and yeast. In 1886 H. Elion finished the development of the Heineken A-yeast, which is still used in the brewing process today. The beer is force carbonated. It is popular worldwide.

Awards 

 May 1875 — Medaille d'Or (Gold Medal) at the International Maritime Exhibition in Paris
1883 — Diplome d'Honneurs (Honorary Diploma) at the International Colonial and Export Exhibition in Amsterdam
1889 — Grand Prix (Grand Prize) at the Exposition Universelle in Paris
1900 — Hors Concours Membre du Jury in Paris

References

Beer
Companies of the Netherlands
Chiltern Railways

Chiltern Railways is a train operating company in the UK. It serves 62 stations and runs 27 of them.

Rail transport in the United Kingdom
Train operating companies
Railway companies of the United Kingdom
Heathrow Express

Heathrow Express is a train service in London that provides an airport rail link service between Paddington station and Heathrow Airport. It is operated by the Heathrow Express Operating Company, owned by the same company which owns Heathrow Airport itself, and the first train ran on 23 June 1998.

The Heathrow Express service runs every 15 minutes throughout the day and evening, seven days a week. It runs non-stop between Paddington and the airport. (The Heathrow Connect used the same route but made some stops in between.) At the airport, trains from Paddington stop at two stations, both of which are located underground: Heathrow Central (for terminals 2 and 3) and Heathrow Terminal 5. There is also a shuttle train that goes between Heathrow Central and a station at Terminal 4, which is also underground. The 12 trains used on services between Paddington and Heathrow are Class 387, while the shuttle service to Terminal 4 used one Class 360.

Heathrow Express is not part of National Rail, and is not run as a franchise, even though it shares track with National Rail trains for much of its journey and ends its trip at a London mainline station.

1998 establishments in England
Airport rail links in London
Heathrow Connect

Heathrow Connect was a train service in London that ran between Paddington station and Heathrow Airport. It was provided by the Heathrow Express company together with First Great Western. The first train ran on 12 June 2005.

The Heathrow Connect service ran every half-hour throughout the day and evening from Monday to Saturday and every hour on Sunday. It followed the same route as the Heathrow Express service, but while Heathrow Express ran non-stop between Paddington and the airport, Heathrow Connect stopped at some stations in between. Altogether, there were eight stations at which Heathrow Connect trains stopped, so the train could connect places in west London with each other, the airport, and Central London. The trains used on the line were five Class 360s made by Siemens.

On 20 May 2018 TfL Rail took over operation of the Heathrow Connect service.

Rail transport in London
Train operating companies
Railway companies of the United Kingdom
Abellio Greater Anglia

Abellio Greater Anglia is a British train operating company that provides suburban and express passenger rail services from Liverpool Street station in the City of London to destinations in the East of England. In August 2016, it was announced that Abellio had won the franchise again until 2025. They promise to replace all its trains by 2020. Sadly this has not happened.

References

2012 establishments in Europe
2010s establishments in England