cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers

Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers is also called JASRAC in short. Its official name in Japan is 一般社団法人日本音楽著作権協会.

JASRAC was made in 1939. It is the only organization in Japan to manage and protect copyrights in Japan.

JASRAC can only manage copyrights inside Japan. As for outside Japan (for overseas), foreign organizations such as ASCAP, Muserk manage copyrights of origins of Japan instead, according to a separete agreement with these organizations. 129 foreign organizations have relation with JASRAC.

When people in Japan uses music, videos and books for business useage,  originally produced in outside Japan must pay proper money for their copyrights. For this purpose or business, JASRAC manage copyrights in turn by legal agreements with organizations overseas such as PRS for Music, ASCAP, BMI,  SESAC, HARRY FOX AGENCY and Muserk.

Numerical information 
Numerical information on music business is made public every year. In 2019, JASRAC collected national money of 117,691,182,223 yen in total from April 1 to March 31. On the other hand, JASRAC gave 117,056,695,494 yen to members such as songwriters in total during the same period.

References

Related pages 
 American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP)
 Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ)
 Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)

Other websites 
https://www.jasrac.or.jp/ejhp/index.htm - The official website of JASRAC

Japanese music
Music industry
Organisations based in Japan
Cultural organizations
1930s establishments in Japan
1939 establishments
Abdul Hay Mosallam Zarara

Abdul Hay Mosallam Zarara (10 March 1933 – 1 August 2020) was a self-taught Palestinian artist. He was born in Al-Dawayima, near Al Khalil (Hebron), in Palestine.

Mosallam was known for recreating scenes from daily life in his lost Palestinian home. Mosallam also created documentation of the recent Palestinian struggle and liberation movements in the form of painted reliefs. 

Mosallam Zarara died on 1 August 2020 in Amman, Jordan at the age of 87.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Palestinian people
Artists
Edina Müller

Edina Müller (born 28 June 1983) is a German wheelchair basketball player. She won a gold medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics and silver medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

She played several major tournaments like 2011 European Championship, 2012 Paralympic Games, and 2014 World Championships.

References 

1983 births
Living people
German Paralympic gold medalists
German Paralympic silver medalists
German wheelchair basketball players
Sportspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
Sa. Kandasamy

Sa. Kandasamy  (23 July 1940 – 31 July 2020) was an Indian novelist and filmmaker. He was born in Tamil Nadu. His 1968 novel Chayavanam was listed by the National Book Trust as a masterpiece in modern Indian Literature.

In 1998, Kandasamy was honored with the Sahitya Academy award for his novel Vicharanai Commission.

Kandasamy died on 31 July 2020 from a heart attack, aged 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian movie directors
Indian writers
Litoria nullicedens

Litoria nullicedens is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scientists found this frog on the southwestern side of Mount Obree, at 550 meters above sea level.

This frog has green coloring on the inside of its mouth.  Scientists say it is related to the northern New Guinea tree frog, Litoria graminea.

References

Animals of Oceania
Frogs
Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ‘Āina i ka Pono

Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ‘Āina i ka Pono is the state motto of :Hawaii. In :Hawaiian, it means "The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness".

References 

Hawaii
State mottos of the United States
Cherokee language

The Cherokee language (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, Tsalagi Gawonihisdi) is an endangered language spoken by the Cherokee people.

Writing system 
The Cherokee do not use the Latin alphabet (ABCs) like English does. Instead, they use their own alphabet, which looks a lot like the ABCs. Each letter represents a different syllable sound. This special alphabet was invented by a Cherokee man named Sequoyah.

Below is a chart of all the letters of the Cherokee alphabet and the sound each one makes.

Notes:
 In the chart, ‘v’ represents a nasal vowel, which is pronounced like "ung" in "lung".
 The character Ꮩ do is shown upside-down in some fonts. It should look like the Latin letter V.

Grammar 
The Cherokee language uses many prefixes and suffixes.

References 

Languages of the United States
Tonal languages
Oklahoma
Gustaf Skarsgård

Gustaf Caspar Orm Skarsgård (born 12 November 1980) is a Swedish actor. He is best known outside Scandinavia for his role as Floki in the History Channel series Vikings as well as for his roles in the movies Evil (2003), The Way Back (2010) and Kon-Tiki (2012). He also played Karl Strand in the second season of the HBO series Westworld.

Early life 

Gustaf Skarsgård was born in Stockholm, Sweden, to Swedish actor Stellan Skarsgård and his first wife, My, a physician. He has five siblings: Alexander, Sam, Bill, Eija and Valter, and two half-brothers Ossian and Kolbjörn from his father's second wife, Megan Everett. Alexander, Bill, and Valter are also actors. His godfather is Swedish actor Peter Stormare.

Career 
In 1989, as a nine-year-old, Gustaf Skarsgård acted in the Swedish Film Codename Coq Rouge. After attending Teaterhögskolan in Stockholm from 1999 to 2003, Gustaf Skarsgård joined the Royal Dramatic Theatre. He played in several of Shakespeare’s, Chekhov's and Söderberg’s works both on the Royal Dramatic Theatre and on Stockholm City Theatre. In 2003 he performed in Evil and 2008 in Patrik 1,5. For both roles he was nominated for the Guldbagge Awards as Best Supporting Actor and as Best Leading Actor. Finally, he received the prize as Best Leading Actor for his role in Förortsungar. In 2012, Skarsgård joined the History Channel's series Vikings in the role of Floki, the shipbuilder.

Personal life 
Gustaf Skarsgård was in a long term relationship with actress Hanna Alström from 1999 to 2005.

Awards and distinctions 

Skarsgård won a Guldbagge Awards for Kidz In da Hood. He won the European Film Academy’s Shooting Stars Award in 2007.

Notes

References

Other websites 

 
 

1980 births
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Swedish stage actors
Swedish voice actors
Actors from Stockholm
Living people
Bart's Friend Falls in Love

"Bart's Friend Falls in Love" is the 22nd episode of the 3rd season of The Simpsons. It was first shown on television on May 7, 1992. In the episode, Bart's friend Milhouse gets a girlfriend named Samantha Stanky. Bart gets jealous and tells Samantha's father about the relationship. Samantha's father sends her to a different school that only allows girls. While this happens, Homer tries to lose weight using a subliminal stimuli cassette tape. However, Homer is given a tape about using better vocabulary instead.

The beginning of the episode is a parody of the movie Raiders of the Lost Ark. The end of the episode is a parody of the movie Casablanca.

Story 

Milhouse shows Bart his new toy, a Magic 8-Ball. Bart asks the Magic 8-Ball if he and Milhouse will still be friends at the end of the day. The Magic 8-Ball says that they will not. A girl from Phoenix, Arizona named Samantha Stanky becomes a new student at the Springfield Elementary School. Milhouse falls in love with Samantha. When school is over, Milhouse brings Samantha to Bart's treehouse and kiss each other. 

Milhouse does not spend time with Bart anymore. This makes Bart feel jealous and left out. Bart tells Samantha's father about her relationship. Samantha's father gets angry at her and puts her in a catholic school that is for girls. Bart starts to feel guilty when he sees that Milhouse is very sad, so he tells Milhouse that he told Samantha's father about the relationship. Milhouse gets very angry and fights Bart. When they calm down, they go to the school that Samantha has been put in. Samantha loves the new school, but she still loves Milhouse. She kisses Milhouse, knowing that she will get punished for doing so.

While this happens, Lisa thinks that Homer is too obese. Marge orders a cassette tape that will subliminally get Homer to lose weight. However, they are given a tape on how to have better vocabulary. Homer has been using more complex words, but he is also getting more weight. When Homer finds out that the tape is only making him more obese, he throws the tape away and no longer uses complex words.

Reception 

Colin Jacobson of DVD Movie Guide said that the episode is a "keeper". He says that the episode "gets into pre-teen emotions but never becomes sappy." He also says that the other story with Homer "provides terrific laughs as well." Nate Meyers of Digitally Obsessed thought it was tough to see Milhouse in a relationship, but said "Still, the love triangle makes for some interesting drama". Bill Gibron of DVD Verdict thought that the main story was "drawn out" but liked the story with Homer. Nathan Ditum of Total Film and Colin Kennedy of Empire said that the episode's parody of Raiders of the Lost Ark is the best movie parody of the show.

References

Other websites 

The Simpsons (season 3) episodes
1992 television episodes
Darleen Carr

Darleen Carr (born December 12, 1950) is an American actress, singer, and voice-over artist.  She has also been credited as Darlene Carr or Darleen Drake. She has two sisters, both actresses (Shannon Farnon and Charmian Carr).

Career
Carr's only television series in which she had a lead billing was the short-lived CBS sitcom Miss Winslow & Son (1979), in which she played Susan Winslow, the single mother and titular character. In 1965-1966, Carr played Kathy, a student at a private girls' academy in California on The John Forsythe Show. She was a regular on the 1969 version of the NBC variety series Dean Martin Presents the Gold Diggers  and played Cindy Smith in the 1971-1972 ABC comedy-drama The Smith Family. Carr also had recurring roles as Margaret Devlin in the western series The Oregon Trail (1977)  and the editor, reporter and photographer of the town newspaper in the 1981–1982 television series Bret Maverick. 

Carr portrayed Kathleen "Kick" Kennedy, John F. Kennedy's favorite sister, in a television movie, Young Joe, the Forgotten Kennedy. She appeared in the miniseries Once an Eagle (1976). She portrayed the daughter of Karl Malden's character on 12 episodes of The Streets of San Francisco (1972–77), as well as in the TV movie sequel, Back to the Streets of San Francisco (1992).

On television during the 1970s and 1980s she was a guest on such shows as The F.B.I. (on 2 episodes), The Virginian,Alias Smith and Jones, Marcus Welby M.D. (2 episodes), Chopper One, The Rookies (3 episodes), The Waltons, S.W.A.T., Medical Center (3 episodes), Man from Atlantis, Fantasy Island, The Paper Chase, Barnaby Jones (3 episodes), The White Shadow, Vega$, Quincy M.E., Charlie's Angels, V, Murder, She Wrote, Magnum, P.I., and Simon & Simon (4 episodes).  In 1994 she appeared as Ambassador E'Tyshra on Star Trek: Deep Space Nine.

Her movie roles included appearances in Monkeys, Go Home! (1967) —her movie debut, The Impossible Years (1968) with David Niven, Death of a Gunfighter (1969) with Richard Widmark, The Beguiled (1971) with Clint Eastwood, Eight Days a Week (1997) with Keri Russell, and TV horror movies such as The Horror at 37,000 Feet (1973) and the TV remake of Piranha (1995).

She is also a singer and sang in The Sound of Music, dubbing the high singing voice for Duane Chase as Kurt, and in Walt Disney's The Jungle Book, as The Girl. She released an album, The Carr-DeBelles Band, in 1988.

Personal life
Carr was married to Jason Laskay for two years before they separated in the 1970s. She later married Zelko Megovetich, a horse trainer. They had a son who died of Duncan’s Disease in 1981. She was married to actor Jameson Parker.

References

Other websites
 

1950 births
American television actors
American movie actors
American voice actors
American child actors
Actors from Chicago
Singers from Chicago
Kita, Tokyo

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 285,321 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Kita was formed by combining the wards of Ōji and Takinogawa.

References

Other websites
 

Wards of Tokyo
1947 establishments in Japan
Kōtō

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 498,109 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Kōtō was formed by combining the wards of Fukagawa and Jōtō.

References

Other websites
 

Wards of Tokyo
1947 establishments in Japan
Sumida, Tokyo

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 256,274 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Sumida was formed by combining the wards of Honjo and Mukojima.

References

Other websites
 

Wards of Tokyo
1947 establishments in Japan
Taitō

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 190,873 in 2015.

On 15 March 1947, the ward of Taitō was formed by combining the wards of Asakusa and Shitaya.

References

Other websites
 

Wards of Tokyo
1947 establishments in Japan
Emil Ciocoiu

Emil Ciocoiu (13 September 1948 – 1 August 2020) was a Romanian painter and photographer.

In 1972, he won the Musée 2000 Prize in Luxembourg, and the City of Bucharest awarded him the scholarship of Theodor Aman in 1975.

From 1994 to 2000, Ciocoiu's works were displayed at the Salon des indépendants in Paris. In 1997, the European Parliament organized an exhibition of his paintings.

Ciocoiu died on 1 August 2020, aged 71.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
Painters
Photographers
Romanian people
Sean Martin (cartoonist)

Sean Stephane Martin (December 29, 1950 – August 3, 2020) was an American-Canadian cartoonist, illustrator, and graphic designer. He was best known for creating the long-running Doc and Raider comic strip which appeared in LGBT publications.

Martin died of pancreatic cancer on August 3, 2020 at the age of 69.

References

1960 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
American cartoonists
American illustrators
Naturalized citizens of Canada
John Otto (politician)

John Clifford Otto (1948 – August 1, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 18 from 2004 to 2017. He was born in Dayton, Texas.

Otto died on August 1, 2020 in Dayton, Texas at the age of 71.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Texas
US Republican Party politicians
Dayton, Texas

Dayton is a city in Liberty County, Texas, United States. The population was 7,242 at the 2010 census.

References

Cities in Texas
Reni Santoni

Reni Santoni (April 21, 1939 – August 1, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in New York City. His career began in 1962 and he retired in 2012. 

He was known for his roles as Inspector "Chico" González in 1971's Dirty Harry, as prison official Ramon Herrera in Bad Boys (1983), and as Detective Tony Gonzales in the action movie Cobra (1986).

Santoni died on August 1, 2020 under hospice care in Los Angeles from cancer at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
David L. Gunn

David L. Gunn (born June 21, 1937) is an American transportation businessman. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

He was Director of Operations of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) from 1975 to 1979, General Manager and Chief Operations Officer of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) from 1979 to 1984, President of the New York City Transit Authority from 1984 to 1990, the General Manager at WMATA (the Washington Metro) from 1991 to 1994, and Chief General Manager of the Toronto Transit Commission in Canada from 1995 to 1999.

In 2002, Gunn became president of Amtrak. He was fired in 2005.

References

1937 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Boston, Massachusetts
Tim Wirth

Timothy Endicott Wirth (born September 22, 1939) is an American politician and environmentalist. He was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Wirth, a Democrat, was a member of the House from 1975 to 1987. He was elected to the Senate in 1986, serving one term there before retiring in 1993. 

He worked in the United States Department of Education for President Richard Nixon and was the first Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs for the United States Department of State for President Bill Clinton. 

He worked with Vice President Al Gore on global environmental and population issues, supporting the administration's views on global warming. 

From 1998 to 2013, he was the president of the United Nations Foundation.

References

1939 births
Living people
United States senators from Colorado
United States representatives from Colorado
American environmentalists
Politicians from Santa Fe, New Mexico
US Democratic Party politicians
Nicholas D'Agosto

Nicholas D'Agosto  (born April 17, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for being the lead of Final Destination 5. He starred in the Showtime series Masters of Sex and the Fox series Gotham.

References

1980 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
Dehydrogenation

Dehydrogenation is the chemical process where hydrogen is taken from an organic molecule. It is the reverse of hydrogenation.

Hydrogen
Organic chemistry
Ryōko Tateishi

was a Japanese stage, movie and television actress. She was from Nagasaki, the capital city of Nagasaki Prefecture. She appeared in many theatrical works directed by Yukio Ninagawa. She appeared in the Japanese television dramas Kinpachi-sensei, Kita no Kuni Kara, and Shimomachi Rocket.

In 1976, she joined the Engeki Shūdan En troupe. In 2015, she moved to Sis Company.

In 2004, she won an Individual Award in the 39th Kinokuniya Awards. Her final stage appearance was in a 2019 adaptation of Crime and Punishment.

In September 2019, she was diagnosed with lung cancer. A performance she planned to be in was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. In June 2020, her health became worse. She died of lung cancer on 2 August 2020 in Tokyo Metropolis, aged 68.

References

1951 births
2020 deaths
People from Nagasaki Prefecture
Japanese movie actors
Japanese stage actors
Japanese television actors
Deaths from lung cancer
Gregory Areshian

Gregory Areshian (13 May 1949 – 2 August 2020) was an Armenian-American archeologist and historian. He was a professor at American University of Armenia. He was the co-director of the international team of archeologists that found the 5,500 years old shoe in and the oldest winery in Areni.

Areshian taught at 14 American universities and colleges including; the University of California, Los Angeles, University of California, Irvine, University of Chicago, University of Wisconsin, Platteville, and Amherst College. 

Areshian died on 2 August 2020 in Yerevan from COVID-19, aged 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American historians
Armenian writers
American archaeologists
Getúlio Teixeira Guimarães

Dom Getúlio Teixeira Guimarães (17 October 1937 – 1 August 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Cipotânea, Minas Gerais. He became a priest in 1966 in Barbacena. In 1984, Pope John Paul II appointed him to be the Bishop of the Diocese of Cornélio Procópio. He retired in 2014.

Guimarães died on 1 August 2020 from heart disease-related problems in Cornélio Procópio, Paraná, aged 82.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Roman Catholic bishops
Brazilian people
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Siddaramaiah

Siddaramaiah (born 12 August 1948) is an Indian politician. He was born in present-day Karnataka, India. He is a member of the Indian National Congress. He was the Chief Minister of Karnataka between 2013 to 2018.

References

1948 births
Living people
Indian politicians
Adhe Tapontsang

Adhe Tapontsang (1932 – 3 August 2020) was a Tibetan resistance fighter of the Chushi Gangdruk. She spent 27 years in the Laogai before taking refuge in India. Tapontsang was born in Ghortsa, Xinlong County, Tibet. 

In 1958, Tapontsang was arrested and separated from her two children. She was subject to interrogation and internment in the Laogai for 27 years, eleven of them as a "free laborer". She was released in 1985.

Tapontsang died on 3 August 2020 in Dharamshala, India at the age of 92.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Tibetan people
Political activists
Jan Halvarsson

Jan Ivar "Janne" Halvarsson (26 December 1942 – 5 May 2020) was a Swedish cross-country skier. He was born in Östersund, Sweden. He won a silver medal at the 1968 Winter Olympics.

Halvarsson died on 5 May 2020 in Hammerdal, Sweden, aged 77.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Swedish Olympians
Olympic silver medalists
Leslie Randall (actor)

Leslie Randall (19 October 1924 –  2 August 2020) was an English actor. He was born in South Shields, County Durham. He was known for starring in Joan and Leslie, ITV's first home-grown situation comedy.  He also appeared in the 1963 movie version of Billy Liar where he played Danny Boon.

On 2 August 2020, it was announced that Randall had died at age 95.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
English voice actors
Carol A. Timmons

Carol A. Timmons ( – August 2, 2020) was an American military officer. He was the Adjutant General of the Delaware National Guard from February 1, 2017, until her retirement on March 2, 2019.

She was awarded the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, and others.

Timmons died on August 2, 2020 at the age of 62.

References

1958 births
2020 deaths
American generals
People from Wilmington, Delaware
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital is a pediatric treatment and research facility focused on children's catastrophic diseases. It helps to treat leukemia and other cancers. The hospital costs about US$2.8 million a day to run, but patients are not charged for their care. 

It is located in Memphis, Tennessee. St. Jude was founded by entertainer Danny Thomas in 1962.

References

Hospitals in the United States
Vangapandu Prasada Rao

Vangapandu Prasada Rao (Telugu: వంగపండు ప్రసాదరావు) (1943 – 4 August 2020) was an Indian poet, lyricist and actor. He was better known as "Vangapandu". He was born in Andhra Pradesh. A political writer, he was known for writing works that were pro-communism and held rallies about it. He also wrote revolutionary songs such as yantrametta nadustumdantee, Jajjenaka janare, eem pillado eldamostavaa and ooda nuv vellipoke.

Rao died on 4 August 2020 at the age of 77.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Indian poets
Indian activists
Communists
Songwriters
Ernesto Brambilla

Ernesto "Tino" Brambilla (31 January 1934 – 3 August 2020) was a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He was a professional race car driver. He was born in Monza. 

In 1959, he finished in 10th place in the 350cc Grand Prix motorcycle season. In 1961 he again finished in 10th place in the 350 class.

Brambilla entered in two Formula One Grands Prix, firstly in the 1963 Italian Grand Prix, which he failed to qualify. 

Brambilla died on 3 August 2020 in Monza from a heart attack, aged 86.

References

Deaths from myocardial infarction
1934 births
2020 deaths
Italian racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Lombardy
People from Monza
The Secret Life of Pets 2

The Secret Life of Pets 2 is a 2019 American 3D computer animated comedy movie produced by Illumination, directed by Chris Renaud. It was written by Brian Lynch.

It is the sequel to The Secret Life of Pets (2016).

The movie stars Patton Oswalt (who replaces Louis C.K.), Kevin Hart, Eric Stonestreet, Jenny Slate, Tiffany Haddish, Lake Bell, Nick Kroll, Dana Carvey, Ellie Kemper, Chris Renaud, Tara Strong, Michael Beattie, Hannibal Buress, Bobby Moynihan, and Harrison Ford.

The movie was theatrically released in the United States on June 7, 2019, by Universal Pictures. The movie received mixed reviews from critics.

References

2019 comedy movies
2019 animated movies
American comedy movies
American animated movies
Tiffany Haddish

Tiffany Sara Cornilia Haddish (born December 3, 1979) is an American actress, comedian, and author. She is known for her role as Nekeisha Williams on the NBC sitcom The Carmichael Show.

References

Emmy Award winning actors
1979 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
Comedians from Los Angeles
Magnificent Obsession

Magnificent Obsession is a 1935 American drama movie directed by John M. Stahl and based on the 1929 novel of the same name by Lloyd C. Douglas. It stars Robert Taylor, Irene Dunne, Charles Butterworth, Betty Furness, Sara Haden, Beryl Mercer and was distributed by Universal Pictures. It was remade in 1954.

Other websites
 
 

1935 movies
1930s drama movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by John M. Stahl
Nick Kroll

Nicholas Kroll (born June 5, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, producer and writer. He is known for creating and starring in the Comedy Central series Kroll Show, The Oh, Hello Show, the FX comedy series The League, and starring in and co-creating in the animated Netflix series Big Mouth.

References

1978 births
Living people
Actors from New York
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American television producers
American television writers
American voice actors
Comedians from New York
People from Rye, New York
Screenwriters from New York
Irfaan Ali

Mohamed Irfaan Ali (born 25 April 1980) is a Guyanese politician. He is the 10th President of Guyana since 2020. He was a Member of Parliament and the Minister of Housing.

References

1980 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Presidents of Guyana
Mark Phillips (Guyana)

Mark Phillips (born 1961) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. In August 2020, he became the 9th Prime Minister of Guyana. He was the chief of staff of the Guyana Defence Force from 2013 to 2016.

References

Living people
1961 births
Prime Ministers of Guyana
U.S. Route 491

U.S. Route 491 is a U.S. Highway through Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, from north to south. It was originally known as Devil's Highway or Route 666.

U.S. Highways
New Mexico
Colorado
Utah
Azerbaijan Cup

The Azerbaijan Cup is a major association football competition in Azerbaijan. In its original form, it started in 1936, when the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic of the Soviet Union and it was not disputed by Azerbaijani teams in the Soviet league pyramid.

Compared to cups in many other countries, Azerbaijan attracts considerably less public interest and even the cup final tickets are rarely sold out. Consequently, the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan has experimented with the cup in order to raise public interest for the cup.

Format 
The clubs from Azerbaijan First Division (2nd tier) play in the First Round. The winners of that round advance to the Second Round, where the clubs from the Azerbaijani Premier League (1st tier) join. For the quarterfinals and the semifinals, the round-robin system is used. For the finals, the format is restored to head-to-head.

Participants
All clubs from the Azerbaijani Premier League and the Azerbaijan First Division.

Soviet time Cup winners

 1936: Stroitel Yuga Baku
 1937: Temp Baku
 1938: Temp Baku
 1939: Lokomotiv Baku
 1940: Dinamo Baku
 1941–46: Not Played
 1947: Pischevik Baku
 1948: Pischevik Baku
 1949: KKF Baku
 1950: Trudovye Rezervy Baku
 1951: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
 1952: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
 1953: Dinamo Baku
 1954: BODO Baku
 1955: Zavod im. S.M.Budennogo Baku
 1956: NPU Ordgonikidzeneft Baku
 1957: Mekhsul Tovuz
 1958: SK BO PVO Baku

 1959: Neftyannik Cuba
 1960: ATZ Sumgait
 1961: NPU Ordgonikidzeneft Baku
 1962: MOIK Baku
 1963: MOIK Baku
 1964: Vostok Baku
 1965: Vostok Baku
 1966: Vostok Baku
 1967: Apsheron Baku
 1968: Politechnik Mingechaur
 1969: MOIK Baku
 1970: MOIK Baku
 1971: Suruhanez Salyany
 1972: Izolit Mingechaur
 1973: MOIK Baku
 1974: MOIK Baku
 1975: Suruhanez Baku
 1976: MOIK Baku

 1977: Suruhanez Baku
 1978: MOIK Baku
 1979: Suruhanez Baku
 1980: Energetik Ali-Bayramly
 1981: Gandglik Baku
 1982: Gandglik Baku
 1983: FK Vilash Masalli
 1984: Konditer Gandja
 1985: Konditer Gandja
 1986: İnşaatçı Sabirabad
 1987: Khazar Lankaran
 1988: Araz Baku
 1989: Gandglik Baku
 1990: Qarabağ
 1991: İnşaatçı Baku

Finals

Note
 The Azerbaijan Cup held in 2001–02 was suspended due to the clashes between clubs and AFFA. The clubs themselves then made an alternative cup. The ultimate winner of the cup was Neftchi. However, the result of an alternative tournament that season is not officially recognized.

Performance

Performance by club

References

Other websites 
 

Cup
Football competitions in Asia
1936 establishments
1992 establishments
1990s establishments in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan First Division

The Azerbaijan First Division () is the second highest professional division in Azerbaijani professional football. The division is run by AFFA.

History
Due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all Azerbaijan clubs of the former Soviet Premier Division and Soviet First Division organized in a single Azerbaijan Premier League, which meant that the new second tier of Azerbaijani football would remain regionalized. For the first two seasons three regional groups organized the second tier, until in 1994 the single table in use today began to be used.

Competition format
The First Division currently has of 14 teams. All teams play each other two times.

Media coverage
CBC Sport currently own all the rights to broadcast the season's games on television. In Azerbaijan, the First Division games is also available on CBC Sport.

Winners

Performance by club

Records

Club records

Most consecutive wins: Absheron, 23, 2010-11
Most points in a season: Absheron, 72 points, 2010-11
Most unbeaten run: Absheron, 26 games, 2010-11

Related pages
 Azerbaijan Premier League
 Azerbaijan Regional League
 Azerbaijan Supercup
 Azerbaijan Cup
 Football in Azerbaijan

References

Other websites 
 AFFA  
  PFL  
 Azerbaijan First Division summary (SOCCERWAY)  

Football in Azerbaijan
Football leagues
1992 establishments
1990s establishments in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year

Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year is an yearly title awarded to the best Azerbaijani football (soccer) player of the year. The award has been given since 1991, and the winner is elected by authorized journalists from the leading Azerbaijani sport media. On the same occasion, an award is also given for Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year since 2009. However, this award is not always given every year.

History
The same year the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan was founded, an award for the best Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year began being given every year. The first award was given to former Azerbaijan national football team striker Samir Alakbarov in 1991, and was further awarded in succession in 1992 and 1993. The Azerbaijan national football team captain Rashad Sadygov has the most number of awards at six. The striker Vagif Javadov became the youngest player to win the award in 2009 at the age of 20. The midfielder Mahmud Gurbanov became the oldest player to win the award in 2007 at the age of 34. The award was not given in 1995.

The first Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year award was given to Kamran Agayev in 2009, and was further awarded in succession in 2011 and 2012. Both awards are given at the end of the football season.

List of Azerbaijani Footballer of the Year recipients

Number of awards per player

List of Azerbaijani Football Goalkeeper of the Year recipients

References

Football in Azerbaijan
1991 establishments in Azerbaijan
1990s establishments in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani awards
Annie's Song

"Annie's Song" is a song recorded and written by singer/songwriter John Denver. It was his second number one song in the USA, staying that place for two weeks in July 1974. It also went to number one in the UK. 

"Annie's Song" was written as an poem to Denver's then-wife, Annie Denver (Annie Martel) of Sleepy Eye, Minnesota.

This song was written while Denver was riding a ski lift in Switzerland. He said, by the time he had finished the 10 minute ride, the song was finished. It also recall an image of hiking through a state park in nearby New Ulm, Minnesota, Denver might have become filled with wonder at the beauty around, and thinking about his wife. 

The song has since become a wedding standard and an expression of love for many people, due to its grand imagery and the fact it could appeal anyone (Annie is not mentioned by name in any part of the song).

Notes

Other websites 
 The official site of John Denver
 Annie's Song at YouTube

1974 songs
Pop songs
All Japan Student Go Federation

All Japan Student Go Federation (全日本学生囲碁連盟) is a Japanese student Go organization for holding university Go championships. They have branches in each regions (Kanto, Kansai, Kyushu, Tohoku etc.).

Differences with other organizations
In Japan, most Go tournaments are held by Nihon Ki-in or Kansai Ki-in. All Japan Student Go Federation and their branches are made for student games. They are not under direct control but have close relation with them.

Tournaments
They are holding various tournaments with corporate sponsors.

World Students Go Oza Championship
This is a game to give the student world champion trophy since 2003. Players from each region (including Taiwan, Europe, Oceania etc.) will compete. The expected games in 2020 have been cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

All Japan University Go Championship

This is a team competition by each university. Teams that have cleared regional preliminaries can attend. Each team can send only 5 members and substitutes. The sponsor is Yomiuri Newspaper (as same as Yomiuri Giants).

All Japan Female Student Honinbo

This is the only one game that limits participants by gender. The sponsor is Mainichi Newspaper. Some winners have eventually obtained professional status, or became top amateur players.

All Japan Student Go Best 10

This is the only one game that allows the attendance of high school and graduate students. It is held since 1964. The sponsor is Asahi Shinbun.

References

Other websites
 Official Website
 Official Blog
 American Collegiate Go Association, similar organization in the United States.

1957 establishments in Asia
1950s establishments in Japan
Board games
Culture
Non-profit organizations
Go organizations
Megumi Asaoka

Megumi Asaoka (麻丘めぐみ) is a Japanese female popular singer and actress. Asaoka was born on October 11, 1955 in Ohita, Japan and grew up in Osaka. She started as a model for photos of magazines and on TV commercials. In 1972 at age 16, she started as a singer and sung her first recording song "芽ばえ". Her biggest hit that she had ever made was a song "わたしの彼は左きき" in July, 1973. Many songs sung by Asaoka were written by a songwriter Kyohei Tsutsumi. 

She had been popular in 1970s. But in 1983 she made up her mind to start herself as an actress for movies and on television.

Her hit songs 
Her major hit songs were as follows.

 芽ばえ (1972)
 悲しみよこんにちは (1972)
 女の子なんだもん (1973)
 森を駈ける恋人たち (1973)
 わたしの彼は左きき (1973)
 アルプスの少女 (1973)
 ときめき (1974)
 白い部屋 (1974)
 悲しみのシーズン (1974)

Notes

Other websites 
Megumi Asaoka at JVC Music co.jp
Megumi Asaoka hit songs at YouTube

1955 births
Japanese singers
People from Ōita Prefecture
Living people
List of programs broadcast by Universal Kids

This is a list of programs that currently air and formerly aired on Universal Kids and under its former branding as Sprout.

Current programming
1 Also aired on NBC Kids.
2 Also aired on MiTelemundo.

Acquired programming

Animated

Preschool

Former programming (along with PBS Kids Sprout and Sprout programs)

Original programming

Animated

Live-action

Preschool

Short-form programming

Acquired programming

Animated

Live-action

Preschool

Short-form programming

Programming from PBS Kids

Blocks
The programming blocks below were all shown under the Sprout banner.

References

Lists of television series by network
List of programs broadcast by PBS Kids

The following is a list of programs currently or formerly air on PBS Kids.

Current programming 

 1 Running only on occasional events.
 2 Exclusive to Amazon Video.
 3 Ended but still airing for reruns.
 4 Moved to Nick Jr. until 2020 and moving to Netflix.
 5 Moved to Qubo for only the third season but uses the British dub.

Original programming

Programming from American Public Television

Distributed by both PBS Kids and APT

Acquired programming

Web series

Blocks

Not on the 24/7 channel (original and revival)

Upcoming programming

Original programming

Former programming

Original programming

Blocks

References 

PBS Kids
Bob the Builder: Mega Machines

Bob the Builder: Mega Machines is a Bob the Builder feature length special that was released in May 27, 2017 in the UK and November 21, 2017 in the US and Canada and the first special of Bob the Builder (2015). In this special, Bob and the crew meet the Mega Machines. The special is directed by Stuart Evans. This is the only Bob the Builder special to be animated by Mainframe Entertainment and this is the latest Bob the Builder special to be released before the Bob the Builder franchise went on hiatus in 2019.

This special is dedicated to Fred de Bradeny (the producer of Bob the Builder (2015) from Seasons 1-2), who died from losing battle with cancer at the age of 52 on January 28, 2017.

Plot 
Scoop, Muck, Lofty and the rest of the gang can’t wait to help Bob with his biggest build ever – building a dam and transforming an old quarry into a reservoir to provide Spring City with fresh water. Bob enlists the help of another builder, Conrad, to help clear the quarry – along with his three enormous Mega Machines, Thud, Crunch and Ace. Conrad, secretly resentful that he lost out on the dam-building contract to Bob, plots to undermine his rival’s reputation and sabotages the dam. Soon Bob realizes that things are not as they should be… and that it’s up to him and his team to save Spring City!

Cast

UK
Lee Ingleby as Bob
Joanne Froggatt as Wendy
Jacob Scipio as Leo
Blake Harrison as Scoop
Paul Panting as Muck
Steven Kynman as Lofty
Terry Mynott as Tiny and Two-Tonne
Sam Swann as Stretch
Nick Mercer as Mr. Bentley
Lucy Montgomery as Mayor Madison
Iain Lauchlan as Chef Tattie
Brian Cox as Conrad and Crunch
Dustin Demri Burns as Tread and Thud
Ben Miles as Ace

US
Colin Murdock as Bob
Joanne Froggatt as Wendy
Dan Bacon as Leo
Blake Harrison as Scoop
Vincent Tong as Muck
Richard Ian Cox as Lofty
Richard Newman as Two-Tonne
Lee Tocker as Tiny
Peter New as Stretch
Ian James Corlett as Mr. Bentley
Nicole Oliver as Mayor Madison
Brian Dobson as Thud
Iain Lauchlan as Chef Tattie
Brian Cox as Conrad and Crunch
Ryan Beil as Tread
Brian Drummond as Ace
Tim Staffell

Timothy John Staffell (born 24 February 1948) is an English rock singer, visual artist, model maker and designer. Together with Freddie Mercury and John Deacon, they formed the band Queen.

References 

1948 births
English rock singers
People from Ealing
Living people
Set designers
English Lutheran Church

English Lutheran Church is a historic church at 1040 New Hampshire Street in Lawrence, Kansas. It was built in 1870, and it grew in 1900.  It was added to the National Register in 1995.

It is a two-story church. It is made of rusticated limestone on a limestone block base. It is about  in plan.

References

Buildings and structures in Lawrence, Kansas
National Register of Historic Places in Douglas County, Kansas
Douglas County Courthouse (Kansas)

The Douglas County Courthouse in Lawrence, Kansas is a three-and-a-half-story stone courthouse. It was built in 1903.

It was designed by 19th-century architect John G. Haskell. Frederick C. Gunn, who was also an architect, helped. The style is Richardsonian Romanesque.

References

Other websites
Douglas County Facilities page

Buildings and structures in Lawrence, Kansas
National Register of Historic Places in Douglas County, Kansas
Nyctimystes ocreptus

Nyctimystes ocreptus is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scintists found it on Mount Albert Edward, 2600 meters above sea level. Some may also live on Mount Victoria or Mount Knutsford.

This frog has brown eyes.  The veins in its lower eyelid go in all directions, like a net.  This frog's skin is gold-green to gray-green in color.  Its belly is white with purple and brown marks.

Scientists say this frog is related to the common big-eyed tree frog, Nyctimystes narinosus.

The name of this frog is from the words "oculus in rete captus," which means "eye caught in a net."

References

Animals of Oceania
Frogs
A55

A55 may refer to:

Roads 
 A55 highway (Australia), a road connecting St George, Queensland and Lithgow, New South Wales
 A55 motorway (Canada), a road in Québec connecting Stanstead and Shawinigan
 A55 motorway (France), a road connecting Marseille and Martigues
 A55 road (Great Britain), a road connecting Chester and Holyhead
 Autostrada A55 (Italy), a bypass around Turin
 A55 road (Northern Ireland), a road around Belfast

Electronics 
 A-series light bulb of diameter 55 mm
 a model of a Fusion Controller Hub (FCH), a chipset used for AMD microprocessors
 Sony Alpha 55, a DSLT camera
 Siemens A55, a mobile phone
 ARM Cortex-A55, a processor microarchitecture

Other 
 Old Indian Defense, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
 Austin Cambridge A55, a British car
 GER Class A55, a British steam locomotive

Related pages 
 List of highways numbered 55
Gazebo

A gazebo is a  pavilion structure. It is often built in a park, garden or large public area.

References

Other websites

architecture
Disc golf

Disc golf is a flying disc sport in which players throw a disc at a target. It is played using rules similar to golf.

The game is played in about 40 countries. As of 2019, there are  active people in the PDGA worldwide.

References

Other websites

 Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) – official rules, course directory and list of members
 History of Early Frisbee Sports
 History of Disc Golf, Ultimate and Frisbee Pioneers
 Home Site of DiscGolfPark

Golf
2020 Beirut explosion

On 4 August 2020, an explosion happened in the city of Beirut, the capital of Lebanon.

The blast happened at the Port of Beirut and left at least 220 people dead (with the total expected to go higher), at least 7,500 injured, and many more missing. The Governor of Beirut, Marwan Abboud, said over 300,000 people lost their homes.

It is said that the explosion may have been caused by 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical substance that can be used for fertilizer. It can also be used to make explosives. The government took the ammonium nitrate from a ship in the port of Damascus, the MV Rhosus. The MV Rhosus had been abandoned in the port, after the Lebanese government said it was no longer fit to travel by sea. The ammonium nitrate was then stored in the port, for at least six years. This may have been without the proper precautions. There are various regulations how ammonium nitrate should be stored, and handled.  In its pure form, ammonium nitrate does not burn; but it increases fires a great deal. It should therefore not be stored near flammable substances, and it should not be heated in a closed space. It is also very sensitive to temperature.

Before the big explosion, here seems to have been a fire in a part of the warehouse, where fireworks were stored. The ammonium nitrate was stored in the same building.

The explosion has been compared to three thousand tonnes of TNT.

Some countries offered medical aid, rescue teams and money to help deal with the aftermath of the disaster.

References

2020 disasters in Asia
2020s explosions in Asia
2020s fires
21st century in Lebanon
August 2020 events
2020 explosion
Building and structure fires in Asia

Explosions in 2020
Orichalcum

Orichalcum or aurichalcum, ὀρείχαλκος is the name of a metal or two different metals.  Old writings from ancient Greece talk about orichalcum and the Romans made coins out of a metal they called orichalcum, but they might not have been the same metal.  People today are not sure exactly what it was.  Some scholars think orichalcum was the ancient Greek name for platinum.  Others think it was an alloy, or mixture, of copper and either gold, tin, or zinc.  Scientists examined Roman coins and found a mixture of copper and zinc.

Name

The name orichalcum is from the Greek word for "mountain copper" or "mountain metal."

Some people think name aurichalcum comes from the word aurum for "gold," but it does not.

Greek orichalcum

In general, when ancient Greek writers wrote about orichalcum, they said it was a metal that looked like gold but that they did not know much else about it. To Homer, Hesiod and Plato, orichalcum was a metal from much earlier times that did not exist in their own time and place.

In one of the Homeric Hymns, Homer writes about orichalcum earrings.  He says the goddess Aphrodite wears them.  Hesiod writes about orichalcum greaves, which are leg armor. Neither writer was talking about his own time and place.

Plato wrote about orichalcum in his book Critias.  In the book, Plato says orichalchum was in the ground of the legendary island of Atlantis.  To the Atlanteans, it was the second-most-valuable metal, after gold.  Plato says the Atlanteans put orichalcum on their city walls and temples.  Plato calls orichalcum "only a name" in his own time, meaning he did not think he had ever seen orichalcum.

Roman orichalcum

The ancient Romans also had a metal that they called orichalcum.  Around the time the Roman Republic ended and the Roman Empire started, the Romans stopped making coins out of bronze and started making them out of orichalcum: asses coins, sestertii coins, dupondii coins and semisses coins.

Roman orichalcum does corrode over time, the way iron rusts and silver tarnishes.

Making orichalcum

Scientists analyzed Roman coins and saw they were made of copper and zinc.  During the early days of the Roman Empire, Romans invented a better way to make zinc-copper alloys.  This way is called cementation.  To do it, the metalworker has to heat the zinc and copper to exactly the correct temperature.  Then there can be as much as 30% zinc in the orichalcum.

In fiction

Orichalcum appears in many works of fiction, especially stories about Atlantis.  It is in television shows, for example The Mysterious Cities of Gold and Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water. It is in video games, for example Castlevania: Curse of Darkness and Elder Scrolls.

References 

Ancient Greece
Ancient Rome
Ancient history
Metals
Shirley Ann Grau

Shirley Ann Grau (July 8, 1929 – August 3, 2020) was an American writer.  She was born in New Orleans. Her work is set mainly in the Deep South and talks about issues of race and gender.

Her 1964 work The Keepers of the House was awarded the 1965 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. 

She was an important feminist writer who talked about abortion, death and misogyny.

Grau died on August 3, 2020 in Kenner, Louisiana from stroke-related problems at the age of 91.

References

Pulitzer Prize winners
1929 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American feminist writers
Writers from New Orleans, Louisiana
Yard (land)

A yard is an open space around a building. For instance, the space around a school is called a school yard. A yard is often used by humans and their pets. Yards with plants are called lawns.

Gardens
Fatti maschi, parole femmine

Fatti maschi, parole femmine is an Italian phrase literally meaning "deeds are males, words are females", but the actual institutional meaning is "strong deeds, gentle words". This phrase is the state motto of Maryland.

References 

State mottos of the United States
Italian language
Maryland
Ontario Highway 404

Ontario Highway 404 is a 400-series highway. It starts at Highway 401 in Toronto and ends at Woodbine Avenue in East Gwillimbury.

Roads in Ontario
2042

2042 (MMXLII) will be .

Predicted and scheduled events

Date unknown
The 2042 Winter Olympics will be held.

2042
Years in the future