cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
National Lacrosse League

The National Lacrosse League (abbreviated as NLL) is an indoor lacrosse league in North America. It has five teams in the United States and four in Canada. Its season is during the winter and spring. Each team plays 18 games during the regular season.

Teams
The following teams are in the league, which is divided into two divisions:
 East Division
 Buffalo Bandits
 Georgia Swarm
 New England Black Wolves
 Rochester Knighthawks
 Toronto Rock

 West Division
 Calgary Roughnecks
 Colorado Mammoth
 Saskatchewan Rush
 Vancouver Stealth

Other websites

Official website
Toronto Rock

The Toronto Rock is a professional lacrosse team in Toronto, Canada. It is part of the National Lacrosse League's East Division. The team was started in 1998. During the 2011 NLL season, the Toronto Rock won the league championship for the sixth time. They are tied with the Philadelphia Wings for the most league championships.

Sport in Toronto
National Lacrosse League
1998 establishments in Canada
Liam Davison

Liam Patrick Davison (29 July 1957 – 17 July 2014) was an Australian novelist. He taught creative writing at the Chisholm Institute in Melbourne. He won awards for such as The Age Book of the Year Award and the Victorian Premier's Literary Award. He sometimes wrote reviews for The Australian newspaper.

Davison was born in Melbourne. He was married and had two children.

Davison and his wife were on board the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 when it was shot down on 17 July 2014, killing all people on board. He was 56. The flight was meant to go from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia but was shot down near Hrabove, Ukraine. He and his wife were among the 36 Australian citizens and residents killed.

References

Other websites
 Liam Davison at the Perry Middlemiss website
 Liam Davison  at Penguin Books Australia

1957 births
2014 deaths
Australian novelists
Aviation deaths
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
Murder victims
People from Melbourne
Writers from Victoria (Australia)
Henry Hartsfield

Henry Warren "Hank" Hartsfield, Jr. (November 21, 1933 – July 17, 2014) was an American NASA astronaut and test pilot. He was also a  United States Air Force officer and astronaut. He spent over 480 hours in space. He was best known for being on board the Space Shuttle Columbia. He was also a commander for the Discovery and Challenger missions.

Hartsfield was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He was married and had two daughters.

Hartsfield died from problems caused by back surgery on July 17, 2014 in Houston, aged 80.

References

Other websites
 Henry Hartsfield at Astronauts Scholarship

1933 births
2014 deaths
American astronauts
Deaths from surgical complications
NASA
Scientists from Birmingham, Alabama
United States Air Force
Shigeru Ban

is a Japanese architect. He was born in Tokyo.

In 2014, Ban won the Pritzker Prize.

References

Other websites 

1957 births
Living people
Japanese architects
Pritzker Prize winners
People from Tokyo
Richard Meier

Richard Meier (born October 12, 1934) is an American abstract artist and architect. He is known for his geometric designs and for using the color white in his buildings. A winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1984, some of his more iconic buildings include the Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art and the Getty Center in Los Angeles.

Museum 
 Museum Bisazza

References

Other websites

 Richard Meier official website

1934 births
Living people
American architects
American artists
Businesspeople from Newark, New Jersey
Pritzker Prize winners
Sequoyah

Sequoyah was a Cherokee man. He invented a syllabary (alphabet based on syllables) for his people. Before that, they did not have an alphabet for their language.

Childhood
Sequoyah was born into the Cherokee Nation. His mother was Wut-teh. Not many people know about his early childhood. There are different stories on what happened.

Making the syllabary
Sequoyah met many white people. He was fascinated by their "talking leaves," which was their writing system on paper. He wanted to make an alphabet for Cherokees to communicate too. He began making it around 1809. First he tried to make a symbol for every word, like in Chinese. That required too much remembering. Then he tried to make one for every idea, but gave up. Finally he made one symbol for every syllable in the Cherokee language. He made a syllabary with 86 letters. Many of the letters look like English because he had an English book that he could not read.

He taught the syllabary to his daughter, Ayokeh (Ayoka). Then he tested it in front of a group of leaders. They said a word, he wrote it down, and then Ayokeh repeated them. Originally people thought it was witchcraft, but then they started liking his syllabary. Many Cherokee learned it and eventually became literate, which means they could read and write. In fact, more Cherokees could read and write better than nearby white people.

Influence
Sequoyah became a hero for giving Cherokee people a written language. Cherokee is still taught and used. There are now 85 symbols, instead of the original 86.

References

Other websites

 "Invention of the Cherokee Alphabet" , Cherokee Phoenix, 13 Aug 1828
 John B. Davis, "The Life and Work of Sequoyah", Chronicles of Oklahoma, Vol.8 (2), June 1930 , Oklahoma State University
 "Sequoyah", Tiro Typeworks
 "Sequoyah (aka George Gist)", a North Georgia Notable 
 The Cherokee Nation Official Website
 "The Official Cherokee Font"  at the Cherokee Nation Official Website

Native American people
Cherokee Nation
18th-century births
1843 deaths
Calgary Roughnecks

The Calgary Roughnecks is a box lacrosse team in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is part of the West Division of the National Lacrosse League. It plays its home games in Scotiabank Saddledome. The team joined the league in 2001. It has won the league championship twice, in 2004 and 2009.

Sport in Calgary
National Lacrosse League
2001 establishments in Canada
Winnipeg Blue Bombers

The Winnipeg Blue Bombers is a Canadian football team based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is part of the West Division of the Canadian Football League. The team started in 1930. It has won the league's Grey Cup championship ten times.

The team's home stadium is called Investors Group Field.

Canadian football clubs
Sport in Manitoba
1930 establishments
1930s establishments in Canada
Montreal Alouettes

The Montreal Alouettes is a Canadian Football League team based in Montreal, Quebec. It is part of the CFL's East Division. It has won the league's Grey Cup championship seven times, the last time in 2010.

The team plays its home games in Percival Molson Memorial Stadium.

Canadian football
Sport in Montreal
Tom Rolf

Ernst R. "Tom" Rolf (December 31, 1931 – July 14, 2014) was a Swedish-American movie editor. He worked on at least 48 movies in the space of fifty years. His best known works were Taxi Driver (1976) and The Right Stuff (1983). He and his team won an Academy Award in 1983 for Best Film Editing for The Right Stuff.

Rolf was born in Stockholm to actor parents. His father was Ernst Rolf and his mother was Norwegian-born Tutta Rolf. He moved to the United States and joined the United States Marine Corps.

Rolf died from problems caused by hip surgery on July 14, 2014 in France. He was 82.

References

Other websites
 

1931 births
2014 deaths
Academy Award winners
American movie editors
BAFTA Award winners
Deaths from surgical complications
People from Stockholm
Graeme McMahon

Graeme McMahon (1940 – 1 July 2014) was an Australian rules football player and executive. He played over 100 games for Prahran Football Club in the Victorian Football Association (VFA). He was later the chairman of Essendon in the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1996 to 2003. He was also the CEO and chairman of Ansett Australia.

McMahon was born in Melbourne, Victoria, and died from pancreatic cancer on 1 July 2014, aged 74.

References

Other websites 
 Graeme McMahon at Businessweek

1940 births
2014 deaths
Australian businesspeople
Australian rules footballers
Cancer deaths in Australia
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Sportspeople from Melbourne
Leopoldo Verona

Leopoldo Verona (24 September 1931 – 14 July 2014) was an Argentine actor. His best known movie roles were in I Need a Mother (1966), On the Beach by the Sea (1971) and La flor de la mafia (1974). He was born in Buenos Aires.

Verona died on 14 July 2014 in Buenos Aires, aged 82.

References

Other websites
 

1931 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Argentina
Argentine movie actors
People from Buenos Aires
Argentine stage actors
Argentine television actors
Rogelio Polesello

Rogelio Polesello (26 July 1939 – 6 July 2014) was an Argentine painter, muralist and sculptor. He was best known for making Op art (or optical art) known in Latin America. He won two Konex Awards; one in 1982 and another in 2012. He was born in Buenos Aires.

Polesello died from a heart attack on 6 July 2014 in Buenos Aires. He was 75.

References

Other websites
 

1939 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Argentina
Painters
People from Buenos Aires
Sculptors
Op art

Op art is a style of painting which makes use of optical illusions and other kinds of unusual optical effects. Victor Vasarely a Hungarian artist, was perhaps the first to use this theme regularly, in the 1930s. In the 1960s, Bridget Riley became one of the world's best-known op artists. She specialised in the effects produced by closely fitted lines. Jesús Rafael Soto used mobile elements, so connecting op art with kinetic (moving) structures.

The idea of visual illusions and effects fascinated  other artists and intellectuals. The famous Dutch artist M.C. Escher drew impossible structures which worked by using visual illusions. The art historian Ernst Gombrich wrote a detailed study on visual effects in art. The psychologist Richard Gregory spent much of his career studying why the mind saw illusions.

References

Other websites 

 Dybamo, Grand Palais, Paris
 Geoform
 Abstract Visionary Art - Op Art Gallery

Art movements
Manfred Wekwerth

Manfred Wekwerth (né Weckwerth; 3 December 1929 – 16 July 2014) was a German theatre and movie director and writer. He was the director of the Berliner Ensemble theatre from 1977 to 1991. He was also an unofficial worker for East Germany's Stasi from 1965 until the reunification.

Wekwerth was born in Köthen, Saxony-Anhalt. He was married to Renate Richter until his death. They had one child.

Wekwerth died on 16 July 2014 in Berlin, aged 84.

References

Other websites

  
 

1929 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Germany
German autobiographers
German movie directors
People from Saxony-Anhalt
German theatre directors
Dog attack

When a dog attacks and bites a human this is generally known as dog attack. Dogs have been among the first animals to be domesticated and have lived with humans for a long time. Dog attacks are common in daily life. The biting dog causes an injury, which may be serious, and may lead to death. In addition to the bite wound, the dog may transmit diseases through the bite; one example for a disease transmitted through biting is rabies. 

There is a discussion whether certain breeds of dogs are more prone to producing an attack than others. 

Very often, the attack is triggered by human behavior.
If a dog feels threatened, it will protect itself, and its companions
Dogs are possessive: Removing something the dog considers its possession (such as food or water) may trigger an attack.
 Dogs are territorial: Entering the territory of a dog may trigger an attack
Since dogs have lived with humans for a long time, they are good at interpreting body language. If this body language is threatening, the dog may react accordingly.
Dogs have many of the hunting behaviors wolves have: If they consider something to be prey, they may hunt it.
 Trained dogs may attack without warning

References 

Everyday life
Maria Cristina National High School

Maria Cristina National High School is a public high school in the Philippines.  It opened in 1972.

Mission
The school’s mission statement describes its main goals.  These are:

 To provide a good education to its students
 To teach students to be responsible people who contribute to their communities
 To teach students patriotism and nationalism
 To help students develop good morals and discipline 
 To promote progress in technology
 To teach students how to work efficiently

History
When it first opened, Maria Cristina National High School was called Maria Cristina Barangay High School.  It was also called a Barrio High School.  A law called Republic Act 6050 (RA 6050) created the school.  People living in Barangay Maria Cristina signed a petition asking the government to create a high school there.

After the government agreed, Maria Cristina Barangay High School opened in June of 1972.  It had 183 students and 5 teachers.  There were two sections of first-year students and one section of second-year students.  At first, the new high school did not have its own building.  Most classes were held at the barangay hall.  Two classes were also held at the local elementary school.  

As more students came to Maria Cristina Barangay High School, a temporary classroom made of bricks was built.  The school also hired more teachers.  The national government paid for most of the school’s costs.  The local school board also paid for some costs.

As the school continued to grow, it needed its own building.  A new school was built on a 3-hectare lot owned by the National Power Corporation.  The National Power Corporation was not using a part of this lot.  The National Transmission Corporation (TRANSCO) and the Local School Board of Iligan City Division agreed to allow Maria Cristina National High School to use that part of the lot to build a new school.  The goal of this new building was to make it possible for Maria Cristina National High School to keep growing.  

At first, in 2004, the new school had only two buildings with six classrooms, so only fourth-year students were able to use it.  Now, the new building is big enough for all of the school’s students.  The school now has 17 sections of students, 26 teachers, and 40 sets of computers.

Education in the Philippines
Mickey's Diner

Mickey's Diner is an art deco-styled, dining car restaurant located in downtown St. Paul, Minnesota. It is located at 36 West 7th Street.

History 

The diner was built in 1937 by the Jerry O'Mahony Diner Company of Elizabeth, New Jersey. Then it was shipped to Saint Paul by rail and installed in 1939. The diner is 50 feet long by 10 feet wide. The 24-hour diner has operated non-stop since it first opened. In 1983, the diner was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Pop culture 

The original Mickey's Diner appears in several Hollywood movies. These include The Mighty Ducks, Jingle All the Way, and A Prairie Home Companion. The diner is also featured on the front and back cover of the 1985 self-titled, debut album of R&B singer, Alexander O'Neal. The diner appears in O'Neal's 1985 music video for the song, "Innocent", and in the 1991 Pet Shop Boys music video for the song, "Where The Streets Have No Name (I Can't Take My Eyes Off Of You)".

Mickey's also appears in the animated short "Dripped" by Leo Verrier (2012), although the city pictured in the film is New York. A second Mickey's Diner under different management is located at 1950 West 7th Street in Saint Paul's Sibley neighborhood. It is decorated in the manner of a 1950s-style diner.

References

Other websites 
Mickey's Diner—official website
Mickey's Diner —Minnesota Historical Society

1939 establishments in the United States
Art Deco buildings
Buildings and structures in Minnesota
National Register of Historic Places
20th-century establishments in Minnesota
Lionel Ferbos

Lionel Charles Ferbos (July 17, 1911 – July 19, 2014) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was from New Orleans, Louisiana. At 103, Ferbos was the oldest jazz musician in New Orleans. He was trumpeter with the Ragtime on the soundtrack of the 1978 movie Pretty Baby.

Ferbos died on the morning of July 19, 2014, at his home in New Orleans. He was 103 years old.

References

Other websites

1911 births
2014 deaths
American jazz musicians
American centenarians
Musicians from New Orleans, Louisiana
Aldo Rossi

Aldo Rossi (May 3, 1931 – September 4, 1997) was an Italian architect.

In 1990, Rossi won the Pritzker Prize. He died in a car accident in Milan.

References

Other websites 

 Aldo Rossi Foundation

1931 births
1997 deaths
Accidental deaths in Italy
Italian architects
People from Milan
Pritzker Prize winners
Road accident deaths
Ruth Gruber

Ruth Gruber (September 30, 1911 – November 17, 2016) was an American journalist, photographer, writer, humanitarian and a former United States government official. She served as a Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Interior during World War II. She worked for the New York Post and for the New York Herald.

Gruber was born in New York City. She studied at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Gruber died at her home in New York City on November 17, 2016, aged 105.

References

Other websites
Ruth Gruber (Jewish Virtual Library)
A Circle Completed: Ruth Gruber and Virginia Woolf

1911 births
2016 deaths
American journalists
American centenarians
American photographers
Civil servants
Writers from New York City
Azuqueca de Henares

Azuqueca de Henares is a village in the west of the province of Guadalajara (Castile-La Mancha), in Spain

The village has a population of 35,397, in the 2013 census.

References 

Municipalities in Castile-La Mancha
Amelia Boynton Robinson

Amelia Platts Boynton Robinson (August 18, 1911 – August 26, 2015) was an American activist. She was a leader of the Civil Rights Movement in Selma, Alabama and a key figure in the 1965 march that became known as Bloody Sunday. 

In 1984 she became founding vice-president of the Schiller Institute working with Lyndon LaRouche. She was awarded the Martin Luther King, Jr. Freedom Medal in 1990.

Robinson died in Montgomery, Alabama after suffering a series of strokes, aged 104.

References

1911 births
2015 deaths
American activists
American centenarians
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from stroke
John Calvert (magician)

Madren Elbern "John" Calvert (August 5, 1911 – September 27, 2013) was an American magician. He performed on stage (including Broadway) for eight decades both in the United States and worldwide.

Calvert married his wife Tammy in 1982. He died on September 27, 2013, aged 102.

References

1911 births
2013 deaths
American magicians
American centenarians
Entertainers from Indiana
Malaysia Airlines

Malaysia Airlines Berhad is the flag carrier airline of Malaysia. Its home base is Kuala Lumpur International Airport and its secondary hubs are Kota Kinabalu and Kuching. The airline is based in Greater Kuala Lumpur. It is a member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

In March 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 from Kuala Lumpur International Airport to Beijing Capital International Airport went missing with 239 people. It is believed the plane crashed. In July 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 from Amsterdam Airport Schiphol to Kuala Lumpur International Airport was shot down by a missile. That crash killed 298 people. Malaysia Airlines has been going through many problems after those 2 accidents.

Gallery

References

Airlines of Asia
Transport in Malaysia
1946 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Malaysia
Ebby Halliday

Ebby Halliday (born Vera Lucille Koch; March 9, 1911 – September 8, 2015) was an American realtor and businesswoman who founded Ebby Halliday Realtors.

She married former FBI agent Maurice Acers in 1965. Acers died in 1993. Halliday died in Dallas at the age of 104.

References

Other websites
Ebby Halliday, 98, visits client, 97 – The Dallas Morning News
Official site 
Top 280 Companies ranked by 2003 sales volume – realtor.org
February 2006 Newsletter  – Farmers Branch Chamber of Commerce
Yellow Rose Named For Texas Legend Ebby Halliday 

1911 births
2015 deaths
American centenarians
Businesspeople from Texas
Kuala Lumpur International Airport

Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA)  is Malaysia's main international airport and a Southeast Asian airport. It costed US$3.5 billions to build.  It is in Sepang district of Selangor. It is located approximately  from Kuala Lumpur and serves the Greater Klang Valley conurbation.

It is the major hub of Malaysia Airlines, MASkargo, AirAsia, AirAsia X, Malindo Air and Department of Civil Aviation (DCA).

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Cargo

References

Airports in Asia
Transport in Malaysia
Selangor
AirAsia

AirAsia Berhad () is a Malaysian low-cost airline based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It has been named as the world's best low-cost airline, and a pioneer of low-cost travel in Asia. AirAsia group operates domestic and international flights to 100 destinations in 22 countries. Its main hub is the klia2 (LCCT) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA).

Affliates
These are AirAsia's affiliate airlines and their hubs:

AirAsia India (Kempegowda International Airport)
AirAsia Japan (Chūbu Centrair International Airport)
AirAsia X (Kuala Lumpur International Airport)
AirAsia Zest (Ninoy Aquino International Airport)
Indonesia AirAsia (Soekarno–Hatta International Airport)
Philippines AirAsia (Ninoy Aquino International Airport)
Thai AirAsia (Don Mueang International Airport)

References

Airlines of Asia
Low-cost airlines
Transport in Malaysia
1996 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Malaysia
Garuda Indonesia

PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (), known as Garuda Indonesia, is the flag carrier of Indonesia. It is named after the mythical giant bird Garuda of Indonesian and Buddhist mythology. Garuda Indonesia is based in Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, near Jakarta.

Gallery

References

1947 establishments in Asia
Airlines of Asia
Transport in Indonesia
Juan Carlos Varela

Juan Carlos Varela (; born 13 December 1963) is a Panamanian politician. On July 1, 2014, he became president of the Republic of Panama.

References

1963 births
Living people
Presidents of Panama
People from Panama City
Soekarno–Hatta International Airport

Soekarno–Hatta International Airport () , abbreviated SHIA, is an airport in Indonesia. It is one of two airports in the Greater Jakarta area and serves international flights.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger terminals

Cargo

References

Airports in Asia
Java
1985 establishments in Asia
1980s establishments in Indonesia
Buildings and structures in Indonesia
Transport in Indonesia
Tangerang

Tangerang is a city in Banten, Indonesia. It is located 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the sixth largest city in the nation. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an population of 1,797,715 (2010),  increasing to 2,001,925 as at 2014 It is the eighth most populated suburb in the world. The Soekarno-Hatta International Airport which serves Greater Jakarta is located in the city. In 2021, 49 people were killed in a prison fire.

References

Banten
Cities in Indonesia
Beijing Capital International Airport

Beijing Capital International Airport  is the main international airport serving Beijing. It is located in the Chaoyang District.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Cargo

References

Airports in Asia
Buildings and structures in Beijing
Air China

Air China Limited (, colloquially known as 国航/國航, is the flag carrier of the People's Republic of China, based in Shunyi District, Beijing. Air China's flight operations are in Beijing Capital International Airport.

References

Airlines of Asia
Transport in the People's Republic of China
Star Alliance
Companies based in Beijing
IATA members
Bueninvento

Bueninvento ("Goodinvention") is the second studio album by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas in 2000. The album was nominated for Latin Grammy Award for Best Rock Solo Vocal Album. It was named the 4th best album of the 2000s decade by Latin music website Club Fonograma.

Track listing

^ Associate producer

Singles

Sería Feliz
Hoy No Quiero

Personnel 

 Julieta Venegas -  Vocals, keyboards, accordion, piano, guitar (acustic), guitar (electric), drum programming, wurlitzer, composer
 Quique Rangel - Producer, guitar, contrabass
 Emmanuel Del Real - Producer, twelve-string guitar
 Gustavo Santaolalla -  Producer, guitar, ronroco
 Rick Boston - Bass
 Fernando Saunders - Bass
 Ernesto Martinez - Bass
 Joe Gore - Guitar (electric), guitar (acustic), Mandolin electric
 Álvaro Enríquez - Guitar
 Juan Manuel Ledezna - Guitar
 Luis Alberto Ledezna - Drum kit
 Curt Bisquera - Drum kit

 Michito Sánchez - Percussions
 Luis Conte - Percussions
 Javier Casalla - Violin
 Frankie Blue - Programming
 Joey Waronker - Drums kit, electric percussion
 Mitch Mannon - Trumpet
 Kim Bullard - Hammond b-3
 Toy Hernandéz - Programming
 Claudio Tarris - Viola
 Novi Novog - Viola
 Patrick Shavellin - Programming
 Steven Berlin - Midin mix, Tenor saxophone, Flute

Production

 Producers: Gustavo Santaolalla, Emmanuel Del Real
 Co-producer: Anibal Kerpel
 Engineers: Joe Chiccarelli, Daniel Méndez, Partick Shavelin, Anibal Kerpel, Emmanuel Del Real, Quique Rangel, Luis Roman, Antonio Hernandéz, Carlos Arredondo, Ricardo Haas
 Mixing: Joe Chiccarelli
 Assistant mixing: Patrick Shevelin, Travils Smith, Jordan Scher, eric Geverlik, Edgar Hernandéz "Chicaras", Carlos Arredondo

 Pro tools production: Daniel Méndez
 Mastering: Tom Baker
 Art direction: Adrián Posse
 Photography: Mariana Yazbek, Tomas Casademust, Fernando Velazco
 Photography: Marcela Guadiana

Awards and nominations 

Latin Grammy

References 

2000 albums
Julieta Venegas albums
Azerbaijan Airlines

"Azərbaycan Hava Yolları" ("Azərbaycan Hava Yolları" QSC), Azerbaijan Airlines (AZAL, Azeri: Azərbaycan Hava Yolları), is the flag carrier of Azerbaijan, based in Baku. Its main base is Heydar Aliyev International Airport in Baku. It is a Joint-stock company (JSC).

Other websites

Airlines of Asia
Airlines of Europe
Transport in Azerbaijan
1992 establishments in Azerbaijan
Marlon Wayans

Marlon Lamont Wayans (born July 23, 1972) is an American actor, producer, comedian, writer, and director. He is known for his roles in Scary Movie, White Chicks, Requiem for a Dream, Little Man, and in A Haunted House.

Wayans was born in New York City.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
African-American movie actors
African-American screenwriters
African-American television actors
African-American voice actors
Comedians from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Movie directors from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Wayans family
Andries Putter

Vice Admiral Andries Petrus Putter SSAS SD MMM (2 December 1935 - 17 July 2014) was a South African military commander. He served as Chief of the South African Navy twice, first from 1982 to 1985 and again from 1989 to 1990.

He was born in Brits in 1935.

He joined the Navy in 1960 after a career in the Merchant Navy. In 1969 he commanded the SAS Port Elizabeth and became Senior Officer of the Minesweeper Flotilla. In 1982 he was appointed Chief of Naval Staff and in 1985 as the Chief of the Navy. He later served as Chief of Defence Intelligence.

Putter died in Johannesburg, South Africa from kidney failure, aged 78.

References

1935 births
2014 deaths
Afrikaner people
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in South Africa
South African military people
White South African people
Shuba Jay

Shubashini Jeyaratnam (15 July 1976 – 17 July 2014), better known her by stage name Shuba Jay, was a Malaysian actress. She started acting in 2001. On television, she was best known for her role in shows such as Spanar Jaya, Gadis 3 and Sugumana Sumaigal. While her movie roles were Relationship Status (2012) and Tokak (2013).

Jay was born on 15 July 1976. She was married to Dutchman Paul Goes. They had a daughter, Kaela Maya Jay Goes, who was born in 2012 via a natural birth at home.

Jay and her family were on board the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 when it was shot down on 17 July 2014, killing all people on board. She was 38. The flight was meant to go from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur but was shot down near  Hrabove, Ukraine. She and her daughter were among the 43 Malaysian and her husband was among the 193 Dutch citizens killed.

References

Other websites
 
 

1976 births
2014 deaths
Aviation deaths
Malaysian businesspeople
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
Malaysian actors
Movie actors
Murder victims
Stage actors
Television actors
Paul M. Fleiss

Paul Murray Fleiss, M.D. (September 8, 1933  – July 19, 2014) was an American pediatrician and author. He was known for his unconventional medical views. He was the father of television personality and former madam Heidi Fleiss. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Fleiss, who was of Jewish descent, died in Los Angeles, California from respiratory failure, aged 80.

References

1933 births
2014 deaths
American physicians
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Jewish American scientists
Scientists from Detroit, Michigan
Hans Funck

Hans Funck (1953 – 16 July 2014) was a German movie editor. He started his career in only 1996. His best known works were Das Experiment (2001), Downfall (2004) and Diana (2013). He worked with German movie director Oliver Hirschbiegel many times.

Funck died from an asthma attack on 16 July 2014 at his apartment in Munich, Bavaria. He was 61.

References

Other websites
 

1953 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from asthma
Disease-related deaths in Bavaria
German filmmakers
Movie editors
People from Munich
Yehuda Nir

Yehuda Nir (31 March 1930 – 19 July 2014) was an Polish-born American psychiatrist. He was known for surviving the Holocaust. Nir served as a chief of child psychiatry at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1979 to 1986. He was born in Lvov, Poland.

Nir died in Manhattan, New York, aged 84.

References

1930 births
2014 deaths
Holocaust survivors
Jewish American scientists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish Jews
American psychiatrists
Pim de Kuijer

Pim de Kuijer Wilhelm Leonard (August 13, 1981 – July 17, 2014) was a Dutch columnist and lobbyist. He worked as a lobbyist for the organization STOP AIDS NOW!.

Kuijer was with dozens of others on their way to an international AIDS conference in Melbourne, when the plane he was on Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over Ukraine was shot down, aged 31.

References

1981 births
2014 deaths
Aviation deaths
Dutch columnists
Dutch lobbyists
Dutch writers
HIV/AIDS
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
Medical researchers
Murder victims
Vilma Ferrán

Vilma Ferrán (30 October 1940 – 14 July 2014) was Argentine movie and television actress. She was known for her roles in Animalada and in Dormir al sol.2. She was also known for her television roles in Son de Fierro and in Casi ángeles. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ferrán died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 73.

References

Other websites
 

1940 births
2014 deaths
Argentine movie actors
Argentine television actors
Actors from Buenos Aires
Roberto Carnaghi

Roberto Luis Carnaghi Fernández (born May 13, 1938) is an Argentine actor. She has appeared in 44 movie, about 60 plays, more than 50 television programmes, and nearly 100 advertisements. He is known for his works with Tato Bores, an Argentine comedian.

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
Living people
Argentine actors
Argentine comedians
People from Buenos Aires
Skye McCole Bartusiak

Skye McCole Bartusiak (September 28, 1992 – July 19, 2014) was an American actress and model. She is best known for her roles in the movies The Cider House Rules (1999), The Patriot (2000), Riding in Cars with Boys (2001) and Don't Say a Word (2001). She also made many appearances on television shows such as JAG, Frasier, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, 24, George Lopez, House, Lost and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. She was also an executive producer and director of short movies.

Bartusiak was born in Houston, Texas. Her older brother, Stephen Dylan Bartusiak, was also an actor.

Bartusiak was found dead on July 19, 2014 at her home in Houston. She was 21. Bartusiak had been suffering from epileptic seizures in the last days of her life, according to her mother.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1992 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from epilepsy
Actors from Houston, Texas
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Models from Houston, Texas
Movie directors from Texas
Movie producers from Texas
Aldo Vannucchi

Aldo Vannucchi (born 24 September 1928) is an educator from Sorocaba, Brazil. He is a former rector of the University of Sorocaba UNISO. He is Master of Science in theology and Philosophy, with several specialized courses at universities in Rome, Geneva and Louvain in Belgium. Vanucchi was also chosen by the minister of Education to form the National Council of Education in Brazil.

References

Other websites
 Interview with Aldo Vannuchi (in portuguese) 

1928 births
Living people
Brazilian educators
People from São Paulo
Andreas Biermann

Andreas Biermann  (13 September 1980 – 18 July 2014) was a German footballer. He played as a defender. He played from 1999 until his death in 2014. The last team he played for was FSV Spandauer Kickers.

Biermann was born in West Berlin. He was married and had two children.

Biermann killed himself on 18 July 2014 in Berlin, aged 33. He had depression for many years. He was known to have tried to kill himself three times.

References

Other websites

 Andreas Biermann at Transfermarkt
 

1980 births
2014 deaths
German footballers

Sportspeople from Berlin
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides in Germany
Leave a Mark

Leave a Mark is the fifth studio album by American country music artist John Michael Montgomery. The album was released on May 5, 1998.

Performance 

1998 albums
John Michael Montgomery albums
Wavefunction collapse

When a scientific experiment is done properly, it will give a measurable result.  At each moment, the system (experiment) will be in one of several possible states. At the end, the experiment will be in a final state. At each point in time, the state of the system can be  measured. 

Experiments done in quantum mechanics work the same way. The difference to classical mechanics is that at each point in time, several states are superposed (overlapping) to describe the state the experiment is in. These states are called eigenstates. In the same way as with classical mechanics, if a measurement is done, there is a single result. This result is the eigenvalue of one of the eigenstates. This means that measurement will reduce the several possible states to a single state by adding them together. After the measurement, the system will be in the state that was measured. In the Copenhagen interpretation, this reduction is known as wavefunction collapse.  Collapse is one of two processes by which quantum systems evolve in time. The other is continuous evolution via the Schrödinger equation.

Werner Heisenberg was among the first to explain this situation, in a paper published in 1927. This result is controversial. Erwin Schrödinger used the thought experiment Schrödinger's cat to show this controversy.

References

Quantum mechanics
Gulf of Naples

The Gulf of Naples (Italian: Golfo di Napoli) is on the south-western coast of Italy. Also called the Bay of Naples, it is a c. gulf in the  province of Naples, Campania region. 

The bay opens to the west into the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered on the north by Naples and Pozzuoli, on the east by Mount Vesuvius, and on the south by Sorrento and the Sorrentine Peninsula. The Peninsula separates the Gulf of Naples from the Gulf of Salerno, which includes the Amalfi coast.

The islands of Capri, Ischia and Procida are in the Gulf of Naples. The area is a tourist destination, with the seaside Roman ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum at the foot of Mount Vesuvius. These towns were covered with volcanic ash in the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius.

Fin whales can sometimes be seen in Gulf of Pozzuoli.

References 

Geography of Italy
Null vector

A null vector is a special vector, which is the identity element for the addition of vectors, in a given vector space. As an example, the null vector of n-dimensional coordinate space is a vector whose components are all 0. It is often denoted by the symbol  (which distinguishes it from the number ). 

Null vectors are used to define key concepts of linear algebra, such as linear independence, basis and kernel. They are used to solve linear equations as well.

Related pages 

 Zero

References 

Linear algebra
Vectors
The Maritimes

The Maritime provinces, or the Maritimes, is a region of Eastern Canada with three provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. Along with Newfoundland and Labrador, they form Atlantic Canada.

Some people have proposed merging all three provinces into a single province called the Maritime Union.

Both Great Britain and France settled the area in the 17th century. After the French and Indian War, the British ruled the entire area. The Charlottetown Conference was held in 1864 in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. The Conference was about the various colonies of British North America forming the Canadian Confederation.

References 

Regions of Canada
Qikiqtaaluk Region

Qikiqtaaluk Region or Baffin Region is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. Qikiqtaaluk is the traditional Inuktitut name for Baffin Island. While "Qikiqtaaluk Region" is the official name, some public organizations like Statistics Canada and Nunavut Tourism prefer to use "Baffin Region". The region covers the northeastearn and eastern parts of Nunavut.

The region consists of Baffin Island, the Belcher Islands, Akimiski Island, Mansel Island, Prince Charles Island, Bylot Island, Devon Island, Cornwallis Island, Bathurst Island, Amund Ringnes Island, Ellef Ringnes Island, Axel Heiberg Island, Ellesmere Island, the Melville Peninsula, the eastern part of Melville Island, and the northern parts of Prince of Wales Island, and Somerset Island, along with some smaller islands.

The regional seat and largets city is Iqaluit. According to the Canada 2006 Census, the population was 15,765.

National parks in the region include Auyuittuq National Park, Sirmilik National Park, and Bowman Bay Wildlife Sanctuary.

Related pages
 Ellesmere Island Volcanics

Nunavut
Ellesmere Island Volcanics

The Ellesmere Island Volcanics is a volcanic group of extinct volcanoes and lava flows on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. It formed during the Cretaceous Period. This volcanic province is the northernmost volcanoism on Earth.

The volcanics is part of the Arctic Cordillera.

Volcanoes of Canada
Elizabeth, New Jersey

Elizabeth is a city in Union County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 124,969. It is New Jersey's fourth largest city. In 2008, Elizabeth was named one of "America's 50 Greenest Cities" by Popular Science magazine, the only city in New Jersey selected. The Elizabeth River runs into Newark Bay in Elizabeth.

History 

Elizabeth was founded in 1665 by English settlers and originally called "Elizabethtown". It was part of the Elizabethtown Tract. The town was named for Elizabeth, wife of governor George Carteret.  The town served as the first capital of New Jersey.  During the American Revolutionary War, there were over a hundred battles and skirmishes fought in and around Elizabeth.

On March 13, 1855, the City of Elizabeth was created by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature. On March 19, 1857, the city became part of the newly created Union County. Portions of the city were taken to form Linden Township on March 4, 1861.

The Singer Sewing Machine Company was the first major industry in Elizabeth.  They had up to 2,000 workers.  In 1895, one of the first car companies opened.  This was the Electric Carriage and Wagon Company.  They were soon joined by another electric car builder, Andrew L. Riker.  The Electric Boat Company got its start building submarines for the United States Navy in Elizabeth.  The first boat to launch was the USS Holland (SS-1) in 1897.  Elizabeth grew in parallel to the larger city of Newark for many years.  But Elizabeth has been more successful in retaining a middle class presence and was spared riots in the 1960s.

References 

Cities in New Jersey
County seats in New Jersey
19th-century establishments in New Jersey
1855 establishments in the United States
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House was part of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War.  It was fought from May 8 to May 21, 1864. After the Battle of the Wilderness, Union commander Ulysses S. Grant decided to march south to get between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As part of the Union plans, they had to capture the important crossroads of Spotsylvania Court House. But Confederate cavalry arrived there first, followed by Confederate infantry.

Part of the Confederate line bulged outward; this part was soon called the "Mule Shoe". On May 12, Grant attacked the Mule Shoe with several thousand men. The Union attack captured part of the Confederate line but Confederate commander Robert E. Lee sent reinforcements to counterattack. The fighting lasted all day at the Mule Shoe. By the end of the day, an oak tree almost two feet wide was completely severed by all the rifle fire.

The battle continued until May 21st. Grant then decided that he could not defeat Lee at Spotsylvania, so he ordered the Union army to move southward.

References

Spotsylvania Court House, Battle of
1864 in the United States
May 1864 events
Stonewall Brigade

The Stonewall Brigade was an infantry brigade in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. It got its name from Thomas J. Jackson, the first commander of the brigade. At the First Battle of Bull Run, Jackson got the nickname of "Stonewall". The brigade became one of the most famous brigades of the Civil War.

The brigade had five regiments: 2nd Virginia Infantry, 4th Virginia Infantry, 5th Virginia Infantry, 27th Virginia Infantry, and 33rd Virginia Infantry. All five regiments were orgainized in 1861. It fought in many battles of the war. At the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, most of the brigade was killed, wounded, or captured. The brigade was then consolidated into a single small regiment. When the Army of Northern Virginia surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865, the brigade had only 200 soldiers left.

Confederate States of America
NGC 2207 and IC 2163

NGC 2207 and IC 2163 are a pair of colliding spiral galaxies about 80 million light-years away in the constellation Canis Major. Both galaxies were discovered by John Herschel in 1835. 

So far four supernovae have been observed in NGC 2207. 

NGC 2207 is in the process of stripping IC 2163 of stars and material.

Merging galaxies 
NGC 2207 is in the process of colliding and merging with IC 2163. But unlike the Antennae or the Mice galaxies, they are still two separate spiral galaxies. They are only in the first step of colliding and merging. Soon they will collide, probably looking a bit more like the Mice Galaxies. In about a billion years time they are expected to merge and become an elliptical galaxy.

References   

Spiral galaxies
Battle of Yellow Tavern

The Battle of Yellow Tavern was part of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War. It was fought on May 11, 1864 in Henrico County, Virginia. Major General Philip Sheridan, who commanded the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, wanted to launch a raid behind the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. He thought he could keep supplies from reaching the Confederates and defeat the Confederate cavalry, commanded by Major General J.E.B. Stuart.

Battle 

Sheridan started his raid on May 9. Stuart started after him right away. On May 11, they fought on May 11 at Yellow Tavern, six miles north of Richmond. The Confederates defeated several Union attacks. But in the afternoon, General George A. Custer's Michigan Brigade broke through the Confederate center. Near the end of the battle Stuart was mortally wounded by one of Custer's men and died the next day. The Confederates then retreated from the battlefield. The battle, except for Stuart's death, was not of much note.  There were a total of about 800 casualties.

References

American Civil War battles
May 1864 events
1864 in Virginia
Baron Waqa

Baron Waqa (born December 31, 1959) is a politician from Nauru. On 11 July 2013, he became president of Nauru.

References

1959 births
Living people
Presidents of Nauru
Cabinet of Canada

The Cabinet of Canada is a group of government ministers which forms part of the government of Canada. The members of the cabinet are often members of the Canadian parliament, usually the House of Commons. The ministers are usually the head of a department or agency.

Government of Canada
List of political parties in Canada

The following is a list of political parties in Canada.

Federal parties

In Canada, the parties which run for national federal office are usually not closely connected with local povincial parties, even if they have the same name.

Provincial and territorial parties

Alberta

British Columbia 
 British Columbia New Democratic Party

Northwest Territories
The Northwest Territories had political parties only from 1897 to 1905, when Alberta and Manitoba were created as provinces. Since 1951, politicians can only run as independents. Current territorial law does not recognize any political parties.

Historical parties 1897 – 1905
 Northwest Territories Liberal Party
 Northwest Territories Liberal-Conservative Party

Ontario

 
ipolitical parties
List of federal political parties in Canada

The following is a list of political parties which run for national federal office in Canada.

House of Commons
Political parties represented in the House of Commons

Other parties
Other parties registered with Elections Canada
 Animal Alliance Environment Voters Party of Canada (founded in 2005) - environmentalist, animal liberationist
 Canadian Action Party (founded in 1997) - populist, anti-globalization
 Christian Heritage Party of Canada (founded in 1987) - social conservative
 Communist Party of Canada (founded in 1921) - communist
 Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) (founded in 1970) - Marxist-Leninist
 Libertarian Party of Canada (founded in 1975) - right-libertarian
 Marijuana Party of Canada (founded in 2000) - pro-cannabis legalization
 Rhinoceros Party (founded in 2006) - satirical party
 Party for Accountability, Competency and Transparency (founded in 2010) - direct democracy
 Pirate Party of Canada (founded in 2009) copyright reform, privacy, network neutrality, open government
 Progressive Canadian Party (founded in 2004) - progressive conservative, Red Tory
  United Party of Canada (founded in 2009) - centrist

Unregistered parties that have been active in recent years 
 Western Block Party (founded in 2005) - western separatist and paleoconservative/libertarian conservative
 First Peoples National Party of Canada (founded in 2005) - Aboriginal rights advocacy
 Freedom Party of Canada (founded in 2001)
 Nationalist Party of Canada (founded in 1977)
 National-Socialist Party of Canada (founded in 2006)
 Newfoundland and Labrador First Party (founded in 2007) - Newfoundland and Labrador advocacy
 People's Political Power of Canada (founded in 2006)- feminist, centrist, populist
 Work Less Party (founded in 2007) - Labour rights
 Natural Law Party of Canada (founded in 1992)

Notes
Senate of Canada

The Senate of Canada is the upper house of the Parliament of Canada. There are 105 members of the Canadian senate. They are appointed by the Governor General of Canada with the advise of the Prime Minister of Canada.

The number of senators from the different parts of Canada varies. Four regions have 24 senators each.

Parliament of Canada
Canada