cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Eschenbach (Göppingen)

Eschenbach (Alemannic German: Eschebach) is a municipality of the district Göppingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

References

Other websites
Sonntag, Austria

Sonntag is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.

References

Settlements in Vorarlberg
Breil/Brigels

Breil/Brigels (, ) is a municipality of the district Surselva of the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.

References

Other websites

 Official Website
 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Brienz/Brinzauls

Brienz/Brinzauls () was a municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Brienz/Brinzauls, Alvaneu, Alvaschein, Mon, Stierva, Surava and Tiefencastel merged into the new municipality of Albula/Alvra.

Other websites

 Official Website

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Varzo

Varzo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont.

Varzo is about  northeast of Turin and about  northwest of Verbania. It is on the border with Switzerland. As of 2004 about 2,209 people lived there. It has an area of .

Varzo borders the following municipalities: Baceno, Bognanco, Crevoladossola, Crodo, Grengiols (Switzerland), Ried-Brig (Switzerland), Trasquera and Zwischbergen (Switzerland).

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Settlements in Piedmont
Cernay, Haut-Rhin

Cernay is a French commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

It is on the river Thur, 17 km northwest of Mulhouse.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Altafulla

Altafulla is a municipality in the comarca of the Tarragonès in Catalonia, Spain.

Twin town
  Roviano, Italy

References

Municipalities in Catalonia
Granby, Quebec

Granby (as of the 2011 census population 63,433) is a town in southwestern Quebec. It is between Montreal and Sherbrooke. Pascal Bonin is the mayor of Granby.

Cities and towns in Quebec
Cable ferry

A cable ferry (known as chain ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in some cases propelled) across a river by cables connected to both shores.  Early cable ferries used either rope or steel chains, with the latter resulting in the name "chain ferry".  Both of these were replaced by wire cable in the 19th century.

Gallery

Other websites
Twyford chain ferry  on the River Trent,UK, 1899
Cable ferries operating in New Brunswick, Canada 

Public transport
Watercraft
Šiauliai

Šiauliai is the fourth-largest city in Lithuania. In 2016 about 102,000 people lived in the city. From 1994 to 2010 it was the capital of Šiauliai County.

Twin towns – Sister cities
Šiauliai is twinned with:
  Khmelnytsky, Ukraine 
  Częstochowa, Poland 
  Omaha, United States
  Baranovichi, Belarus
  Fredericia, Denmark
  Jelgava, Latvia 
  Kaliningrad, Russia
  Kristianstad, Sweden
  Pärnu, Estonia 
  Etten-Leur, Netherlands
  Plauen, Germany

Other websites

 Official website 

Cities in Lithuania
Sogod, Southern Leyte

Sogod is a municipality in the province of Southern Leyte, Philippines.

References

Settlements in the Philippines
Sliema

Sliema is a town on the northeast coast of Malta in the Northern Harbour District. It is a major residential and commercial area and a centre for shopping, dining and café life. About 26,000 people lived there in 2013.

Twin towns
  Les Sables-d'Olonne, France
  Hartlepool, United Kingdom

Other websites

 Sliema Local Council

Towns in Malta
Arrondissement of Saint-Claude

The arrondissement of Saint-Claude is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Jura département in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Its capital, and subprefecture of the department, is the city of Saint-Claude.

History
When the arrondissements of Jura were created in 1800, Saint-Claude was one of them in the Jura department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Saint-Claude is in the southwest of the Jura department; it is the smaller arrondissement with an area of . It has a population of 50,909 inhabitants, the arrondissement with fewest people living in it, and a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The arrondissement of Saint-Claude is bordered to the north and west by the arrondissement Lons-le-Saunier, to the east by Switzerland and to the south by the Ain department.

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Saint-Claude, there are five cantons and three of them have all their "communes" in the arrondissement:

 Moirans-en-Montagne (3909) (partly)
 Morez (3911)
 Saint-Claude (3914)
 Saint-Laurent-en-Grandvaux (3915) (partly)
 Saint-Lupicin (3916)

Communes
The arrondissement of Saint-Claude has 60 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Avignon-lès-Saint-Claude (39032)
 Bellecombe (39046)
 Bellefontaine (39047)
 Bois-d'Amont (39059)
 Les Bouchoux (39068)
 Chancia (39102)
 Charchilla (39106)
 Chassal (39113)
 Château-des-Prés (39115)
 Châtel-de-Joux (39118)
 La Chaumusse (39126)
 Nanchez (39130)
 La Chaux-du-Dombief (39131)
 Choux (39151)
 Coiserette (39157)
 Coyrière (39174)
 Coyron (39175)
 Crenans (39179)
 Les Crozets (39184)
 Étival (39216)
 Fort-du-Plasne (39232)
 Grande-Rivière (39258)
 Jeurre (39269)
 Lac-des-Rouges-Truites (39271)
 Lajoux (39274)
 Lamoura (39275)
 Larrivoire (39280)
 Lavancia-Épercy (39283)
 Lavans-lès-Saint-Claude (39286)
 Lect (39289)
 Leschères (39293)
 Longchaumois (39297)
 Maisod (39307)
 Martigna (39318)
 Meussia (39328)
 Moirans-en-Montagne (39333)
 Molinges (39339)
 Montcusel (39351)
 Morbier (39367)
 Hauts de Bienne (39368)
 Les Moussières (39373)
 La Pesse (39413)
 Les Piards (39417)
 Pratz (39440)
 Prémanon (39441)
 Ravilloles (39453)
 La Rixouse (39460)
 Rogna (39463)
 Les Rousses (39470)
 Saint-Claude (39478)
 Saint-Laurent-en-Grandvaux (39487)
 Coteaux du Lizon (39491)
 Saint-Pierre (39494)
 Septmoncel Les Molunes (39510)
 Vaux-lès-Saint-Claude (39547)
 Villard-Saint-Sauveur (39560)
 Villards-d'Héria (39561)
 Villard-sur-Bienne (39562)
 Viry (39579)
 Vulvoz (39585)

The communes in the arrondissement with more inhabitants are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Jura department
 Communes of the Jura department

References

Saint-Claude
Boyd County, Kentucky

Boyd County is a county in Kentucky. Its county seat is Catlettsburg. At the 2010 census, 49,542 people lived in the county.

References 

Kentucky counties
1860 establishments in Kentucky
Norman Dorsen

Norman Dorsen (September 4, 1930 – July 1, 2017) was an American lawyer. He was the Frederick I. and Grace A. Stokes Professor of Law and Co-Director of the Arthur Garfield Hays Civil Liberties Program at the New York University School of Law.

Career
Dorsen specialized in Constitutional Law, Civil Liberties, and Comparative Constitutional Law. He was president of the American Civil Liberties Union from 1976 through 1991. He was also president of the Society of American Law Teachers, 1972–1973, and president of the U.S. Association of Constitutional Law in 2000. 

Dorsen successfully argued the case of In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967), before the U.S. Supreme Court which held that juveniles accused of crimes in a delinquency proceeding must be afforded many of the same due process rights as adults. He argued Supreme Court cases Levy v. Louisiana (1968), ensuring equal protection for out-of-wedlock children, and United States v. Vuitch (1971), the first abortion case to reach the Court.

Death
Dorsen died on July 1, 2017 in Manhattan, New York from complications of a stroke, aged 86.

References

Other websites
NYU School of Law Faculty Profile

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Lawyers from New York City
Educators from New York City
People from Manhattan
Ayan Sadakov

Ayan Faikov Sadakov () (26 September 1961 – 1 July 2017) was a Bulgarian footballer and a key member of the Bulgarian national team in the 1986 FIFA World Cup.

Sadakov began his club career at the local Lokomotiv Plovdiv. For "The Smurfs" he played eleven seasons, before transferring to Portugal's C.F. Os Belenenses in 1989. Two years later he return in Lokomotiv and played two years, before signed with Botev Plovdiv in summer 1994. Sadakov made 80 appearances for Bulgaria, between 1981 and 1991 and scored 9 goals. He played in four matches for his country at 1986 FIFA World Cup.

Sadakov had been appointed on September 29, 2008 as a manager of Lokomotiv Plovdiv a second time to replace Dragan Kanatlarovski.

In 2014, Sadakov announced he was diagnosed with ALS. He died on 1 July 2017, aged 55.

References

1961 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Bulgarian footballers
Bulgarian football managers
Eschenbach in der Oberpfalz

Eschenbach in der Oberpfalz is a town in Neustadt an der Waldnaab, in Bavaria, Germany. It is 25 km west of Neustadt an der Waldnaab, 30 km west of Weiden in der Oberpfalz, and 28 km southeast of Bayreuth.  It is also about 1 km north of the large US military base in Grafenwöhr.

References

Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district)
Smith Hart

Smith Stewart Hart (November 28, 1948 – July 2, 2017) was an American-Canadian professional wrestler and a member of the Hart wrestling family. His parents were Stu and Helen Hart. 

Smith was the first of their twelve children, being one of their eight sons, Bruce, Keith, Wayne, Dean, Bret, Ross and Owen followed him. 

Hart wrestled for the majority of his career in Canada but also worked shortly in other countries and was best known for his time in Stampede Wrestling and for his appearances for WWE.

On July 2, 2017, Hart died at his Calgary, Alberta home at the age of 68 of prostate and bone cancer. he suffered from cancer since January 2016.

References

Hart family members
1948 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from bone cancer
Cancer deaths in Canada
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Canadian professional wrestlers
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from New York
Hömberg

Hömberg is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.

References 

Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate
Vladimir Malaniuk

Vladimir Pavlovich Malaniuk (Malanyuk) (Ukraine: Володимир Павлович Маланюк; July 21, 1956 – July 2, 2017) was a Ukrainian chess Grandmaster. He was born in Arkhangelsk, Soviet Union. Thought by many to be one of the more colourful characters on the chess circuit, he was known for rapid chess, which was showed at some of the world's most well known 'speed chess' tournaments.

In 2005, he finished second at the Tallinn (Keres Memorial) rapid event, behind Alexey Shirov but ahead of such luminaries as Anatoly Karpov and Boris Gelfand. 

Malaniuk died of kidney cancer in Amsterdam on July 2, 2017 at the age of 60.

References

Other websites
Malaniuk's games at Chessgames.com

1956 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from kidney cancer
Cancer deaths in the Netherlands
Ukrainian sportspeople
Chess grandmasters
Orri Vigfússon

Orri Vigfússon (10 July 1942 – 1 July 2017) was an Icelandic entrepreneur and environmentalist. His work was to "restore the abundance of wild salmon that formerly existed on both sides of the North Atlantic". He was born in Siglufjörður, Iceland.

In 2004 Time Magazine named him a "European Hero". He was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2007 for his efforts on saving endangered species.
 In 2008, he was elected as a Senior Global Fellow to the Ashoka Fellowship.

Vigfússon died on 1 July 2017 in Reykjavik, Iceland of lung cancer at the age of 74.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Business people
Deaths from lung cancer
Environmentalists
Orri Vigfusson
Silver Donald Cameron

Silver Donald Cameron (June 21, 1937 – June 1, 2020) was a Canadian journalist, author, playwright and university teacher. He was born in Toronto. His writing focuses on social justice, nature and the environment. 

His 15 books of non-fiction deal with everything from history and politics to education and community development. An avid sailor, Cameron has written several books about ships and the sea. He is the author of a young adult novel and a thriller, both set in Nova Scotia where he has lived for more than 40 years. 

Two of his books, The Education of Everett Richardson (1977) and The Living Beach (1998) are included in Atlantic Canada's 100 Greatest Books.

Cameron died of lung cancer in Halifax, Nova Scotia on June 1, 2020 at the age of 82.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Canadian educators
Canadian journalists
Canadian playwrights
Environmentalists
Writers from Toronto
Homburg

Homburg or Hombourg may refer to

Places

In Germany
 Homburg, Saarland, capital of the Saarpfalz district of Saarland
 Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, town and spa in Hesse
 Homburg Forest, (Homburgwald) a hill range in Lower Saxony
 Homburg, a quarter of Triefenstein, Bavaria
 Homburg Castle, in Nümbrecht, North Rhine-Westphalia

In France
Hombourg, a commune in Haut-Rhin
Hombourg-Budange, a commune in Moselle
Hombourg-Haut, a commune in Moselle

Elsewhere
Homburg, Switzerland, municipality in the canton of Thurgau
Hombourg, Belgium, a village in the municipality Plombières

People with the surname
Stefan Homburg (1961-), German economist
Hermann Homburg (1874–1964), South Australian politician and lawyer
Wilhelm von Homburg (1940–2004), German boxer and actor

Other uses
Homburg (hat), popular with politicians and diplomats in the mid-twentieth century
Der Prinz von Homburg (opera), German opera by Hans Werner Henze
The Prince of Homburg (play), German play by Heinrich von Kleist
The Prince of Homburg (movie), 1997 Italian movie

Related pages
Hamburg (disambiguation)
Homberg (disambiguation)
Hamburg (disambiguation)

Hamburg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, is Germany's second-largest city and a federated state.

Hamburg may also refer to:

Places

Germany
 Port of Hamburg, the deep-water harbor of Hamburg

United States
 Hamburg, Arkansas
 Hamburg, Connecticut
 Hamburg, Illinois, a village
 Hamburg Precinct, Calhoun County, Illinois
 Hamburg, Clark County, Indiana
 Hamburg, Franklin County, Indiana
 Hamburg, Iowa, a city
 Hamburg, Louisiana
 Hamburg Township, Michigan
 Hamburg, Minnesota
 Hamburg, Missouri
 Hamburg, New Jersey
 Hamburg, New York, three places
 Hamburg, Fairfield County, Ohio, an unincorporated community
 Hamburg, Preble County, Ohio, an unincorporated community
 Hamburg, Pennsylvania, a borough
 Hamburg, Aiken County, South Carolina
 Hamburg, Marathon County, Wisconsin, a town
 Hamburg, Vernon County, Wisconsin, a town
 Hamburg State Park in Georgia

Elsewhere
 German name of Brezovička, Slovakia
 Hamburg (oil field) in Alberta, Canada
 Hamburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Plants and animals
 Hamburg (chicken), a breed of chicken
 Hamburg (horse) (1895-1915), a champion of thoroughbred horse racing
 Ulmus 'Hamburg', a tree

Related pages
 Hamberg
 Homberg
Tatiana Zatulovskaya

Tatiana Yakovlevna Zatulovskaya ( , ) (8 December 1935  – 2 July 2017) was an Israeli (formerly Soviet and Russian) chess player. She held the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM) and was twice women's senior world champion. Her last name may also be spelled as Zatulovskaia or Zatulovskaja. Zatulovskaya was a three-time winner of the Women's Soviet Chess Championship (1960, 1962, and 1963).

Career
In 1961, she was awarded by FIDE the title of Woman International Master (WIM). In 1976, Zatulovskaya became a Woman Grandmaster. She represented the USSR at the 1963 and 1966 Women's Chess Olympiads.

In the 1960s and the 1970s she often qualified for Interzonals and Candidates Tournaments for the Women's World Chess Championship.

In 1993, she won the Women's Seniors World Championship with 10 out of 11 points (10 wins, 0 losses, and 2 draws). In 1997, she became again the World Champion among senior women.

In 2000, she emigrated to Israel.  As of April 2009, Zatulovskaya's rating was 2034.

Death
Zatulovskaya was born in Baku. She died of liver failure in Tel Aviv at the age of 81.

References

Other websites

1935 births
2017 deaths
Azerbaijani chess players
Deaths from liver failure
Disease-related deaths in Israel
Jewish Israeli sportspeople
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Baku
Russian chess players
Russian Jews
Soviet Jews
Soviet sportspeople
Sportswomen
Hamberg, North Dakota

Hamberg is a town in Wells County, North Dakota, United States. 21 people lived there in 2010.

References

Cities in North Dakota
2004 Russian Premier League

The 2004 Russian Premier League (Russian: Чемпионат России по футболу 2004, Chempionat Rossii po futbolu 2004) was the 3rd Russian Premier League season, and the 13th top division football tournament. It was played from 12 March to 12 November 2004. Lokomotiv Moscow won their 2nd title, and Aleksandr Kerzhakov was the top scorer with 18 goals.

Table

Statistics

Top goalscorers 

18 goals

  Aleksandr Kerzhakov (Zenit St Petersburg)

17 goals

  Andrei Karyaka (Krylia Sovetov Samara)

15 goals

  Aleksandr Panov (Torpedo Moscow)
  Dmitri Sychev (Lokomotiv Moscow)

10 goals

  Héctor Bracamonte (Moscow)
  Roman Pavlyuchenko (Spartak Moscow)
  Oleksandr Spivak (Zenit St Petersburg)
  Valery Yesipov (Rotor Volgograd)

Other websites 

 RSSSF

2004 in association football
Russian Premier League
2000s in Russian sport
Hombourg

Hombourg is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

References
INSEE

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Hombourg-Budange

Hombourg-Budange is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

References
INSEE

Communes in Moselle
José Luis Cuevas

José Luis Cuevas (February 26, 1934 – July 3, 2017) was a Mexican artist. He was born in Mexico City.

Cuevas was one of the first to challenge the then dominant Mexican muralism movement as a member of the Generación de la Ruptura (Breakaway Generation). He was a mostly self-taught artist, whose styles and influences are moored to the darker side of life, often depicting distorted figures and the debasement of humanity. He had remained a controversial figure throughout his career, not only for his often shocking images, but also for his opposition to writers and artists who he feels participate in corruption or create only for money.

In 1992, the José Luis Cuevas Museum was opened in the historic center of Mexico City holding most of his work and his personal art collection.

Cuevas died on July 3, 2017 in Mexico City at the age of 83.

Related pages
 List of Mexican painters

References

Other websites

 

1934 births
2017 deaths
Mexican painters
Photographers
Artists from Mexico City
Russian Football National League

The Russian Football National League (Russian: Первенство Футбольной Национальной Лиги, Pervenstvo Futbol'noy Natsional'noy Ligi; previously named the Russian First Division (Russian: Первый дивизион; Pervyy divizion) is the second level of professional Russian football. The best teams in each season get promoted to the Russian Premier League, while the worst teams in each season get sent to the Professional Football League.

Clubs 2016–17

Other websites 

 Football National League Official website

Football in Russia
Solvi Stubing

Solvi Stubing (19 January 1941 – 3 July 2017) was a German-Italian actress, model and television personality. She was born in Berlin, Stubing obtained wide popularity in Italy with a commercial for Peroni Beer, and starred in many movies, often of modest value, in several genres of Italian cinema.  For many years, between the 1980s and the 1990s, she hosted a number of television programs about cinema. She was known for her roles in Heintje: A Heart Goes on a Journey (1969), Garringo (1969), Blindman (1971) and Strip Nude for Your Killer (1975).

Stubing died on 3 July 2017 at her home in Rome from multiple myeloma at the age of 76.

References

Other websites

 

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from multiple myeloma
Cancer deaths in Italy
German movie actors
German television actors
German models
German television personalities
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian models
Actors from Berlin
Paolo Villaggio

Paolo Villaggio (; 30 December 1932 – 3 July 2017) was an Italian actor, voice actor, writer, director and comedian. He was born in Genoa, Liguria.

He was known for the characters he created with paradoxical and rude characteristics: Professor Kranz, the ultra-timid Giandomenico Fracchia, and the comedic Ugo Fantozzi. He authored several books, usually of satirical character. He also acted in dramatic roles, and appeared in several movies.

Villaggio died in Rome of complications from diabetes on 3 July 2017 at the age of 84.

References

Other websites

1932 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
Disease-related deaths in Italy
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian voice actors
Comedians
Italian movie directors
Italian writers
People from Genoa
Murmansk State Technical University

The Murmansk State Technical University (Russian: Мурманский Государственный Технический Университет, Murmanskiy Gosudarstvennyy Tekhnicheskiy Universitet; abbreviated as MSTU in English and МГТУ in Russian) is a public university in Murmansk. It was founded in 1950 as the Murmansk High Marine School (Russian: Мурманское Высшее Мореходное Училище). There are currently around 6,000 to 8,000 students attending the university.

Faculties and institutes 

 Science and Technology Institute:
 Department of technological and refrigeration equipment
 Department of Chemistry
 Department of Biology
 Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry
 Department of Food Production Technology
 Institute of Distance Education
 Institute additional professional education
 Institute for Scientific Research, Innovation and Technology:
 Department of training of highly qualified personnel
 Marine Institute
 Department of Automation and Computer Engineering
 Department of Mathematics, Information Systems and Software
 Department of Radio and radio systems
 Department of Navigation
 Department of Ship Power Plants
 Department of Technology of metals and ship repair
 Department of Technical Mechanics and Engineering Graphics
 Department of Electrical Department vessels
 Department of Physical Education and Sport
 Faculty of arctic technology:
 Department of marine oil and gas business
 Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering
 Department of General and Applied Physics
 Department of Ecology, systems engineering and safety technospheric
 Department for Energy and Transport
 Faculty of Management and Social Technologies:
 Production Management Department
 Department of Economics
 Department of Philosophy and Law
 Department of Foreign Languages

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Colleges and universities in Russia
Ares (DC Comics)

Ares (also known as Mars or War) is a fictional supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. Based on the Greek mythological figure of the same name, he is the Greek god of war and serves as a major adversary of the superhero Wonder Woman within the DC Universe.

The character has appeared in various forms of media. Alfred Molina voiced him in the 2009 direct-to-video animated movie Wonder Woman. Ares later made his live-action debut in the 2017 movie Wonder Woman, where he is portrayed by English actor David Thewlis.

References

DC Comics characters
Wonder Woman
Darkseid

Darkseid (pronounced "Darkside") is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by writer-artist Jack Kirby, the character made a cameo appearance in Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen #134 (Dec. 1970) before making his full first appearance in Forever People #1 (Feb. 1971).

As the tyrannical ruler of the planet Apokolips, Darkseid's ultimate goal is to conquer the universe and eliminate all free will. One of the most powerful beings in the DC Universe, the character became a staple Superman villain and a major enemy of the Justice League. Darkseid was ranked number 6 on IGN's top 100 comic book villains of all time and number 23 on Wizard's 100 greatest villains of all time.

The character has been substantially adapted into various forms of media, most notably being voiced by Frank Welker in Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show and The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians, by Michael Ironside in the DC animated universe, and by Andre Braugher in Superman/Batman: Apocalypse. 

After being referenced multiple times in the DC Extended Universe, Darkseid made his live-action debut in the movie Zack Snyder's Justice League with Ray Porter playing him in 2021.

References

DC Comics aliens
Fictional characters introduced in the 1970s
Galactic emperors
DC Comics supervillains
Alfonso Arau

Alfonso Arau Incháustegui (born January 11, 1932) is a Mexican actor, screenwriter and director. He was born in Mexico City. His career began in 1954. He was known for his roles as Captain Herrera in Sam Peckinpah's 1969 western, The Wild Bunch,  chief bandit El Guapo in Three Amigos (1986), shady businessman Manuel in the comedy Used Cars (1980), and the smuggler Juan in Romancing the Stone (1984). He directed the movies Zapata: The Dream of a Hero, Like Water for Chocolate and A Walk in the Clouds.

References

Other websites
 
 
 Santa Fe Film Festival

1932 births
Living people
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican voice actors
Mexican movie directors
Mexican screenwriters
Actors from Mexico City
The Wild Bunch

The Wild Bunch is a 1969 American epic Western Technicolor and Panavision movie directed by Sam Peckinpah about an aging outlaw gang on the Texas–Mexico border, trying to exist in the changing modern world of 1913. The movie was controversial because of its graphic violence and its portrayal of crude men attempting to survive by any available means.

The movie, whose screenplay was written by Peckinpah and Walon Green, stars William Holden, Robert Ryan, Ernest Borgnine, Ben Johnson, Alfonso Arau and Warren Oates. It was filmed in Mexico.

References

1969 movies
1960s western movies
American epic movies
American western movies
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies set in Mexico
Movies directed by Sam Peckinpah
Murmansk

Murmansk (Russian: Му́рманск) is a port city in northwestern Russia. It is located within the Murmansk Oblast. As of 2019, the city has a population of 292,465 people.

History 

The first Murmansk settlement was founded in 1915. It was founded during World War I so Russia's allies could send supplies to a port that wasn't blocked by ice. The location soon had a naval base and port. The settlement became an official city in 1916, and was named Romanov-on-Murman (Russian: Рома́нов-на-Му́рмане, Romanov-na-Murmane). The city was given it's current name on 16 April 1917.

From 1918 to 1920, during the Russian Civil War, the city was occupied by the White army and the Triple Entente.

During World War II, the city was an important link to the Western world for the Soviet Union. They traded supplies during the war. In 1941, the German and Finnish forces launched Operation Silver Fox with the goal of capturing Murmansk. The Soviets defeated the invaders, but Murmansk suffered a lot of destruction.

Murmansk is headquarters of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. During the Cold War it was a center for Soviet submarine activity.

In 1974, a large 36 meter (118 feet) tall monument was built in the city. It is called the Alyosha Monument. It was built in remembrance of all who fought for Murmansk in World War II. On 6 May 1985, Murmansk was formally called a Hero City (which is a title awarded to cities in the Soviet Union that performed outstanding heroism during WW2).

The Arctic Hotel opened in 1984, and became the tallest building above the Arctic Circle.

Economy 

The main industries in Murmansk are fishing, sea transport, rail and road transportation, marine geology, etc.

Demographics 

The city's population has been shrinking since 1992. At it's peak, the city had a population of around 489,000 people in 1989. Between 1989 and 1992, more than 28,000 people left the city. This was because of the sudden deterioration in the economic situation.

According to the 2010 census, the ethnic composition is:

 Russian : 89.6%
 Ukrainian : 4.6%
 Belarusian : 1.6%
 Tatar : 0.8%
 others : 3.4%

In 2016, 16.5% of the population was under 15 years of age, while 54.7% was between 16 and 56, and 28.7% of the population was older than 56. This means that the city has a older population compared to the entire Murmansk Oblast.

Climate 

Murmansk has a subarctic climate. This means that the city has long and cold winters and short, cool summers. Murmansk is above the arctic circle, so the city experiences polar nights.

References

Other websites 

Official website of Murmansk 
News of Murmansk 
Interactive map of Murmansk
Barentsnova.com, Murmansk business news, statistics
Murmansk's gorgeous garages — a photo journal by BBC news journalist Jorn Madslien
Video overview of Murmansk in English, 4½ minutes, 2009
British North Russian Expeditionary Force 1918–1919 (based at Murmansk)
"Big-dollar deals tempt Arctic firms" BBC article on the energy industry's effect on Murmansk

Capital cities in Russia
1915 establishments
20th-century establishments in Russia
Hindu reform movements

Hindu reform movements in the nineteenth society had many evils prevailing in it like Sati (The practice that a woman will burn herself alive at the funeral pyre of her husband), female infanticide {Killing the girl child at birth(It was mainly practised because their parents thought that it was difficult to find difficult grooms for  the girls and if found a huge dowry had to be paid to them)},polygamy , child marriage etc.

Movements
 Ramkrishna Mission was started by Swami Vivekananda in 1896 to propagate the teachings of his guru.
 Brahmo Samaj was formed by Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal in 1828 to end the various evils present in the Indian society.
 Prarthana Samaj was established in Maharashtra by two people: R.G. Bhandarkar and Mahadev Govind Ranade. Gopal Krishna Gokhale also became a part of this Samaj
 Satya Shodhak Samaj was formed by Jyotibha Phule in 1848 in Maharashtra.
 Sri Narayana Dharma Paropalana Yogam was founded by Sri Narayana Guru in Kerala basically for the uplift mentioned of his own caste, Ezhavas, who were considered to be untouchable.
 Arya Samaj was formed by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875. He made it to revive and reform the Hindu religion and bring back the Hindus who had embraced either Islam or Christianity. 
 The Theosophical Society was founded by Madame H.P. Blavatsky and H.S. Olcott in New York in 1882. They later set up their branch in India at Adyar in Chennai in 1886. Annie Bessant carried on its work in India.

19th century in India
Hinduism
Color rendering index

Color rendering index (CRI) is a number rating given to light bulbs or lamps for how "right" they make colors look. This number is usually written on the side of light bulb's box. The CRI number can be as high as 100, or as low as zero; and sometimes it can go under zero. High CRI number is good; it means colors will look right and real. Low CRI number is bad; it means colors will look wrong and weird.

However, there is a limit of what a CRI number can tell. Good CRI number can guarantee correct colors only when the light itself is white. This is because of limits on how science people test them. Candles and incandescent light bulbs have CRI 100 but they are not white, so we cannot rely on them to make stuffs show real colors.

The CRI number of daylight at noon is 100, because this is the natural way people see colors. Good fluorescent tubes or LED lamps have a CRI 80 or more. Anything white with a CRI 80 or more are good enough for homes. The orange sodium vapor lamp has CRI lower than 0, so they are only used as streetlamps.

Related pages
 Color temperature
 Spectrum

References 

Color
Light
Kataragama temple

The Kataragamam temple (, ) complex dedicated to Skanda-Kumara is one of the few religious sites in Sri Lanka that is venerated by the majority Sinhala Buddhists, Hindu minority Sri Lankan Tamil people, Sri Lankan Moors and the Vedda people. It is a collection of modest shrines, of which the one dedicated to Skanda-Kumara, is the most important.

It has been considered hallowed ground since almost three hundred years before the birth of Christ, and is one of the sixteen places said to have been consecrated by Gautama Buddha as he meditated. It was built approximately between 1100 - 15th century 

Legend has it that this happened during the Buddha's third visit to Sri Lanka, during the reign of the provincial King Mahasena in the sixth century BC.
Kataragama is sacred to Lord Murugan, also familiarly known as Kartikeya. Lord Muruga has many shrines and places of worship. Among them are  Alaivai, now known as Tiruchendur, a shrine on the southern coast of India about 36 miles from Tinnevelly; Avinankudi, now called as Palani Malai (Palani Hills), about the same distance from Dindigul; and Tiru-Erakam, now known as Swamimalai, a hill about four miles from Kumbakonam. Three of the shrines are situated amid mountains and forests, the deity is known as the God of the mountaneous regions.

Muruga is worshipped as a deity whom embodies the pure Hindu ideal of God being in all things and manifesting himself wherever he is called to with love.There are many stories about Murugan, or Skanda-Kumara as He is more commonly known there. Skanda-Kumara's place of worship is held dear by many Sri Lankans who consider the Kataragama complex and its temples holy and make annual pilgrimages there.

But perhaps the most unique feature of Kataragama, and what makes it really stand out is its relative unassumingness. Almost all its shrines are unremarkable minor buildings free of any embellishment. There is absolutely no representation of deities decorating the exterior of the buildings.

This is in marked contrast to any other Hindu temple in Sri Lanka or India, that are usually covered with carvings and statues of gods and goddesses in colourful scene. Practically all the shrines are made out of stone with the exception of one dedicated to the Goddess Valli which has been constructed with timber.

Almost 2500 years later, Kataragama still holds a special place in the heart of devotees of Lord Muruga'''

References

Sri Lanka
Temples
Quaestor

A  (, ) was a public official in Ancient Rome. A quaestor did different jobs at different times in Roman history. In the Roman Kingdom, quaestors were appointed by the king to investigate murders. In the Roman Republic, quaestors supervised the state treasury and conducted audits. It was the lowest ranking position in the public service. Because of this many people wanting to become politicians became quaestors as a first step in their career. In the Roman Empire, quaestors were at first relaced by the  (prefect). Later quaestors became a position appointed by the emperor to lead the imperial council and deal with petitioners.

In modern Italy and Romania, a quaestor is a senior ranking officer on the police force. In some organizations, a quaestor is in charge of the finances, similar to a treasurer in other organizations.

References

Ancient Rome
Public administration
Moscow Oblast

The Moscow Oblast (Russian: Моско́вская о́бласть, Moskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia. It is located in western Russia, and it completely surrounds Moscow. The oblast has no capital, and oblast officials reside in Moscow or in other cities within the oblast. As of 2015, the oblast has a population of 7,231,068 people.

Balashikha is the biggest city in the oblast, with a population of 215,494 people in 2010.

Geography 
The oblast is located in the central part of the East European Plain.
The largest rivers are Oka, Moskva and Klyazma.

History 

In 1708 Moscow governorate became one of the 8 first ones in Russia.

In 1929 was established Central Industrial Oblast, in little time renamed in Moscow Oblast.

The Battle of Moscow was fought in the oblast.

Demographics 

According to the 2010 census, the ethnic composition is:

Below is the religious composition of the city:

 Russian Orthodox : 45.5%
 Atheism : 9.0%
 Other Christianity : 3.0%
 Other Orthodoxy : 2.0%
 Rodnovery : 1.0%
 Islam : 1.0%
 Other, undeclared or "spiritual but not religious" : 38.5%

The largest cities are:
Balashikha - 507,307;
Podolsk - 309,250;
Khimki - 257,757.

Economy

References

Other websites 

 
 Official website of Moscow Oblast 

Oblasts of Russia
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz

Football Club Spartak Vladikavkaz (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Владикавказ, Futbol'nyy klub «Spartak» Vladikavkaz) is a football club based in Vladikavkaz. The club was founded in 1921, and won their first league title in the 1995 Russian Top League.

Honours 
 Russian Premier League
Winners (1): 1995
Runners-up (2): 1992, 1996
 Russian Cup
Runners-up (1): 2010-11
Soviet First League
Winners (1): 1990
Russian Football National League
Runners-up (1): 2011-12
Soviet Second League / Russian Professional Football League
Winners (2): 1983, 2006
Runners-up (2): 1966, 1982

References

Other websites 

Official website 

Russian football clubs
1921 establishments
1920s establishments in the Soviet Union
Water taxi

A water taxi (also known as a water bus or sightseeing boat,) is a watercraft used to provide public or private transport in an urban area. A water taxi might make multiple stops, similar to a bus, or to on-demand locations, similar to a taxi. A boat service going between two points would normally be called a ferry rather than a water bus or taxi.

Gallery

Public transport
Watercraft
Daniil Granin

Daniil Alexandrovich Granin () (1 January 1919 – 4 July 2017), original family name German (),
was an author born in the former Soviet Union. Granin started writing in the 1930s. Granin served as a board member of the Leningrad Union of Writers, and he was a winner of many medals and honors including the State Prize for Literature in 1978 and Hero of Socialist Labor 1989.

References

Other websites

1919 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Soviet writers
Russian writers
Chris Roberts (singer)

Chris Roberts (Christian Klusáček; March 13, 1946 – July 2, 2017) was a German Schlager singer and actor. He was married to the singer and actress Claudia Roberts. They often performed on stage together. He was born in Munich.

Roberts represented Luxembourg as a part of a sextet in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 in which they sang "Children, Kinder, Enfants". They got 37 points and came 13th place overall.

The first two singles Baby's gone and Welchen Weg soll ich gehen (One more mountain to climb) were released with his artist name Chris Robert.

Roberts died in Berlin of pancreatic cancer on July 2, 2017 at the age of 71.

References

Other websites

1946 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Germany
German movie actors
German singers
People from Munich
Jack Collom

John Aldridge "Jack" Collom (November 8, 1931 – July 2, 2017) was an American poet, essayist, and pedagogue. His twenty-five books include Red Car Goes By: Selected Poems 1955-2000, Situation Sings (with Lyn Hejinian), and Second Nature, which won the 2013 Colorado Book Award for Poetry. 

In the field of education and pedagogy, he made unique contributions in the subjects of eco-literature, ecopoetics, and creative writing instruction for children.

Collon died in Boulder, Colorado from respiratory failure caused by lung cancer on July 2, 2017, aged 85.

References

Other websites
On Sound and Rhythm: A Way to Start Teaching Poetry to Children and Young Adults  – an excerpt from  Poetry Everywhere: Teaching Poetry Writing in School and in the Community.
Learning the Chant Poem an excerpt from Old Faithful: 18 Writers Present Their Favorite Writing Assignments. 

1931 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from respiratory failure
Cancer deaths in Colorado
Disease-related deaths in Colorado
American poets
Educators from Colorado
American essayists
Writers from Colorado
Writers from Chicago
Educators from Chicago
Adriano Galliani

Adriano Galliani (born 30 July 1944) is an Italian entrepreneur and football executive. He served as Deputy vice-chairman and CEO of AC Milan since 1986. During his tenure, Milan have won five European Cup / UEFA Champions League and eight Serie A titles among other achievements.

In 2011, Galliani was inducted into the Italian Football Hall of Fame.

References

Other websites
 Interview at lamescolanza.com 
 Profile at magliarossonera.it 

1944 births
Living people
Italian businesspeople
Sportspeople from Lombardy
People from Monza
Amala Shankar

Amala Shankar (; 27 June 1919 – July 24, 2020) was an Indian ballerina, actress and artist. She is the wife of Uday Shankar and mother of Ananda Shankar and Mamata Shankar and sister-in-law of Ravi Shankar. Shankar acted in the movie Kalpana directed by Uday Shankar.

Shankar acted in the movie Kalpana (1948). The movie was directed by Uday Shankar. Amala played the character of Uma. Amala Shankar attended 2012 Cannes Film Festival where the movie was screened.

Shankar died in Kolkata on July 24, 2020 at the age of 101.

References

Other websites
 

1919 births
2020 deaths
Indian movie actors
Ballerinas
Indian dancers
West Ruislip tube station

West Ruislip is a station located on Ickenham Road between Ickenham and Ruislip in the London Borough of Hillingdon in Greater London formerly in Middlesex; it is served by both London Underground (LU) and National Rail trains on independent platforms. It is the western terminus of the LU Central line's West Ruislip branch, with Ruislip Gardens as the next Underground station towards central London. The Central line and Chiltern Railways platforms and ticket office hall are managed by LU. The closest station on the Metropolitan line and Piccadilly line is Ickenham which is 1.1 km from West Ruislip Station.

The station today
West Ruislip station is aligned approximately east-west with the main station buildings on the road overbridge across the lines at the western end of the station. The station has four platforms; two each for London Underground and National Rail services. The London Underground tracks are south of the National Rail ones and operate from an island platform whilst the National Rail platforms are outside of their tracks. The National Rail platforms are also served by a separate station building north of the tracks and adjacent to the car park. In a legacy of the original scheme to continue the extension to Denham, the Central line tracks continue for a short distance beyond the station before ending at buffers. The intended alignment of the unbuilt tracks can be seen from the width of the unused railway land south of the existing tracks.

The Central line's Ruislip depot is east of West Ruislip station, and has a connection via a shunting neck to the Network Rail westbound track west of the station to allow rolling stock and material deliveries. The depot also has a connection to the Uxbridge branch tracks of the Metropolitan and Piccadilly Lines which pass under the Central line east of West Ruislip; it is used only for empty stock movements and works train access. Two sidings west of the station to the north of the running lines provide layover facilities for works trains.

There are ticket barriers at the main entrance to the station; these control access to the Central line platforms from the public highway and from the pedestrian walkway linking the car park to the station. The Chiltern platforms can be reached from the car park walkway without tickets, as no ticket barriers are installed to control access

London Borough of Hillingdon
Central line stations
ME postcode area

The ME postcode area, also known as the Rochester postcode area, is a group of twenty postcode districts around Medway in Kent, England, the letters in the postcode are derived from. The area is divided into eleven post towns and extends into the districts of Tonbridge and Malling, Swale, Gravesham and Maidstone, as well as all of Medway.



Coverage
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:

Related pages
List of postcode areas in the United Kingdom

References

Other websites
Royal Mail's Postcode Address File
A quick introduction to Royal Mail's Postcode Address File (PAF) 

South East England
Postal codes
List of postcode areas in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom is divided by Royal Mail into postcode areas. The postcode area is the largest geographical unit used and forms the first characters of the alphanumeric UK postcode.

Subdivision
Each postcode area is divided into post towns and postcode districts. The London post town is instead divided into several postcode areas.

Scope
The single or pair of letters chosen for postcode areas are generally a mnemonic for the places served.

United Kingdom postcode areas

Crown dependencies
The Crown dependencies (which are not part of the United Kingdom) did not introduce postcodes until later, but use a similar coding scheme. They are separate postal authorities.

Defunct postcode areas

London NE and S

Glasgow
Glasgow, like London, was divided into compass districts: C, W, NW, N, E, SE, S, SW. When postcodes were introduced, these were mapped into the new G postcode: C1 became G1, W1 became G11, N1 became G21, E1 became G31, S1 became G41, SW1 became G51, and so on. As NW and SE had never been subdivided they became G20 and G40 respectively.

Norwich and Croydon
Norwich and Croydon were used for a postcode experiment in the late 1960s, which was replaced by the current system. The format was of the form NOR or CRO followed by two numbers and a letter, e.g. NOR 07A.

Non-geographic postcodes

GIR
GIR 0AA is a postcode created for Girobank in Bootle.

BF
The BF postcode area was introduced in 2012 to provide optional postcodes for British Forces Post Office addresses, for consistency with the layout of other UK addresses. It uses the national non-geographic post town "BFPO" and, as of 2012, the postcode district "BF1".

BX
The non-geographic postcode area BX has been introduced for addresses which do not include a locality: this allows large organisations flexibility as to where they receive their mail.

Overseas territories
Certain British overseas territories have postcodes:

These were introduced to prevent mail being sent to the wrong place, e.g., for St Helena to St Helens, Merseyside and Ascension Island to Asunción, Paraguay, and many on-line companies will not accept addresses lacking a postcode.  Such mail is treated as international, not inland, so sufficient postage must be used.

Related pages
List of postcode districts in the United Kingdom
Postcodes in the United Kingdom

References

Other websites
Office for National Statistics - Postal geography
OpenStreetMap - Postcode map
Strowger net: postcodes of the UK
Direct Marketing Lists UK postcode map  
Business Lists UK postcode map  
FREE Vector UK Postcode Maps 
PostcodeArea - Demographics, maps, crime rates, house prices and local information for all UK postcodes
Strange Maps - Frank Jacobs - Diagrammatic Map - 
Area Information - Wide variety of information for each UK postcodes. Housing information to residential data, crime statistics to sold house prices.

United Kingdom

eo:Poŝtkodoj en Britio
Rudy Rotta

Rudy Rotta (14 October 1950 – 3 July 2017) was an Italian blues guitarist.

Rotta was born in Villadossola, Italy, but was raised in Lucerne, Switzerland where his family emigrated. He began his career in Switzerland at the age of 14, but eventually returned to Verona. 

Over his career, he played with a number of well-known blues artists including Brian Auger, John Mayall, Robben Ford and Peter Green. 

Rotta died on 3 July 2017 in Verona from pancreatic cancer, aged 66.

References

1950 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Italy
Blues musicians
Italian musicians
Guitarists