cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Larry Bird

Larry Joe Bird (born December 7, 1956) is an American retired NBA basketball player. He won three NBA championships in 1981, 1984, and 1986 with the Boston Celtics. He has also won the NBA MVP award three times, in 1984, 1985, and 1986 as a Celtic. He played college basketball at Indiana State University where he developed a rivalry and friendship with Los Angeles Lakers star Magic Johnson when he faced him in the 1979 NCAA national championship game and three NBA championship series (1984, 1985 and 1987). He has been described as one of the greatest basketball players and greatest shooters of all time.  Bird was nicknamed Larry Legend and The Hick from French Lick, after his hometown in Indiana.  He was also called Kodak by his first NBA coach, Bill Fitch, because Bird could form pictures in his head of the plays on the basketball court.  Finally, he was nicknamed The Great White Hope.

In 1992, Bird was a member of the United States men's national basketball team. The team was one of the most famous teams in US Olympic history, known as "The Dream Team." The team captured the gold medal after going undefeated.

In 1997, Bird became the head coach of the Indiana Pacers. He was also President of the Pacers (2000-2012, 2013-2017).

He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2006.

References

Other websites

1956 births
Living people
American basketball players
American Olympic gold medalists
Boston Celtics players
Sportspeople from Indiana
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Seattle SuperSonics

The Seattle SuperSonics (also called the Seattle Sonics) were an American professional basketball team based in Seattle, Washington that played in the Pacific and Northwest Divisions of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1967 until its final season in 2007–2008. The team moved to Oklahoma City in 2008, changing its name to the Oklahoma City Thunder.

References

National Basketball Association teams
Sports in Seattle, Washington
Oklahoma City Thunder
1967 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Washington (state)
2008 disestablishments in the United States
2000s disestablishments in Washington (state)
Jørn Utzon

Jørn Utzon (April 9, 1918 – November 29, 2008) was a Danish architect. He was born in Copenhagen and grew up in Aalborg. He is most well known for designing the Sydney Opera House in Australia. He won a contest for designing the Sydney Opera House in 1957. However, he left Australia in 1966 and never returned and saw his completed work. He thought of his design of the Sydney Opera House to be like peeling an orange, as he said putting the shells of the building together would make a perfect sphere. In 2001, he was invited back to restore the building and change it back toward his original designs, but he did not return.

In 2003, Utzon won the Pritzker Prize.

Utzon died of a heart attack in Copenhagen.

References

Other websites 
Utzon Center 
The Kingohouses website
The Sydney Opera House history
The Edge of the Possible, 58 minute documentary, 1998, Dir: Daryl Dellora, Film Art Doco Pty Ltd
Design by Deception: The Politics of Megaproject Approval  (PDF)

1918 births
2008 deaths
Architects
Danish businesspeople
People from Copenhagen
Pritzker Prize winners
Psycholinguistics

Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that allows humans to get, use, and understand language. It studies how our minds allow us to understand language and produce language. One part of psycholinguistics, developmental psycholinguistics studies how children learn to talk.

Other websites 
 Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics official website

Branches of linguistics
Branches of psychology
Livid

Livid is an alternative live music festival from Australia. It went every year from 1989 to 2003. The first festival was at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, it was later held in Melbourne and Sydney.

Australian music
Music festivals
Meherabad

Meherabad ("abad" means a flourishing colony) is the main center where Meher Baba lived and worked from 1923. It is about nine kilometers (6 miles) south of Ahmednagar, India. It is now the site of Meher Baba's tomb as well as places for visitors to stay. A large number of buildings associated with the earlier days of Baba’s work as well as places of charity are also there. Many Baba lovers work or live in the Meherabad area. Meherabad is a popular place of pilgrimage. Around 30,000 pilgrims come each year to Amartithi (the anniversary of Meher Baba's death). In 1944 Meher Baba moved his residence 15 miles north to Meherazad located on the other side of Ahmedagar. It also is a place of pilgrimage.

Settlements in Maharashtra
Sakori

Sakori is a village in Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra State, India that is most famous as the place where Upasni Maharaj lived and worked.

Settlements in Maharashtra
Villages in India
Ajri language

Ajri is an Indo-Aryan language. It is spoken in Swat District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It belongs to the Lahnda group and is near the Seraiki and Hindko languages.

Languages of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Bashkardi language

Bashkardi is a southwestern Iranian language spoken in the southeast of Iran in the provinces of Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan, and Hormozgan. Bashkardi has numerous dialects and these dialects form a transition from Larestani to Balochi.

Languages of Balochistan (Pakistan)
Languages of Iran
Jhangochi

Jatki or Jhangochi (جھنگوچی) is the oldest and most conservative dialect of the Punjabi (Lahndi or western Punjabi) language. Native people use Jatki word for their dialect. It is spoken throughout a widespread area, starting from Khanewal and Jhang at both ends of Ravi River and Chenab River to Gujranwala District. It than runs down to Bahawalnagar and Chishtian araes, on the banks of river Sutlej River. It is spoken by Indigenous people of Jhang, Faisalabad, Khanewal, Vehari, Chiniot, Toba Tek Singh, Nankana Sahib, Bahawalnagar, Pakpattan,Okara, Sahiwal,Sargodha, Hafizabad and Mandi Bahauddin districts of Punjab. It is also spoken in few areas of Sheikhpura, Muzaffargarh, Bahawalpur and Lodhran districts of Pakistani Punjab and Fazilka district of Indian  Punjab. This entire area has almost the same traditions, customs and culture. The Jhangochi dialect of Punjabi has several aspects that set it apart from other Punjabi variants. This area has a great culture and heritage, especially literary heritage, as it is credited with the creation of the famous epic romance stories of Heer Ranjha and Mirza Sahiba. It is spoken in the Bar areas of Punjab, i.e. areas whose names are often suffixed with 'Bar', for example Sandal Bar, Kirana Bar, Neeli Bar and Ganji Bar.

Punjabi language
Kalash language

Kalash or Kalasha (also known as Kalasha-mun) is an Indo-European language in the Indo-Aryan branch, further classified as a Dardic language in the Chitral Group. However, this Dardic classification is questionable because only 53% of the commonly used words in Kalash have cognates in Khowar language.

Related pages
Languages of Pakistan

References

Dardic languages
Languages of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Piergiorgio Odifreddi

Piergiorgio Odifreddi (born July 13, 1950), is an Italian mathematician (person who studies mathematics), logician (person who studies reason), essayist (person who writes essays)  and fond of the history of science.

He is particularly well-known in Italy for his longstanding  criticisms and ridicule of the Catholic Church and religions in general and the writings and popular interventions of Antonino Zichichi.

1950 births
Living people
Italian mathematicians
Lubanki

Lubanki, also known as Labanki, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Lubanas tribal grouping in the Republic of India and Pakistan. It is classified as a form or dialect of Punjabi. Lubanki has been spoken in the Rajasthan and Gujarat areas and some areas of Pakistan. The Punjabi word tanda is allegedly of Lubanki origin and means a town. The dialect is almost extinct. With the loss of the language's prestige and status, most Lubanas now speak other forms of Punjabi as their primary language.

When Guru Tegh Bahadur Was discovered by Baba Makhan Shah Labana, Makhan Shah climbed on top a village roof and started shouting the famous line Guru ladho rae "The Guru has been found", which is alleged to be in Lubanki dialect.

Languages of Pakistan
Parkari Koli language

The Parkari Koli language (sometimes called just Parkari) is a language mainly spoken in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.

References

Languages of Pakistan
Sindh
Sarikoli

The Sarikoli language (also Selekur, Sarikul, Sariqul, Sariköli) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by Tajiks in China and border regions of Pakistani Kashmir.

Languages of China
Languages of Pakistan
Iranian languages
Waziri

Waziri language is a Southeastern Iranian language spoken by the Wazir Pashtun tribe in Waziristan in Pakistan. It is also spoken by some of the neighboring people of Pakistan and Afghanistan. The language can be considered a dialect of the Pashto language but has some distinctive features and vocabulary.

Languages of Pakistan
Iranian languages
Sandbach

Sandbach is a market town in Cheshire, United Kingdom. It is in the Borough of Congleton.

Other websites 
 Sandbach Town Council 
 Website about the History of Sandbach
detailed map of Sandbach Town Centre

Market towns in England
Towns in Cheshire
Alsager

Alsager is a town and civil parish in Cheshire, England. It is located in the Borough of Congleton, near to the border with Staffordshire.

In the 2011 census, the town had a population of 11,775.

In 2007, Alsager was awarded Fairtrade town status by the Fairtrade Foundation.

Despite the town's Staffordshire postcode and Crewe dialling code, it is its own town, and is not part of Crewe or Stoke-on-Trent.

References

Other websites 
 Alsager Tour Guide - Information about the local area

Alsager
Badawi Pass

The Badawi Pass connects Dir with Kohistan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Bilafond La

Bilafond La (meaning "Pass of the Butterflies") is a mountain pass on Saltoro Ridge . It is , also called the Saltoro Pass. It is west of the large Siachen Glacier. India controls the pass now. It is near the Line of Control dividing Indian- and Pakistani-administered territory.

Mountain passes of India
Sia La Pass

Sia La is a mountain pass on Saltoro Ridge, which is immediately west of the vast Siachen Glacier. Currently held by India, the pass is near the line of control dividing Indian- and Pakistani-administered territory.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Bara-lacha-la Pass

Bara-lacha-la (also known as Bara-lacha Pass, el. 5045 m./16,400 ft.) is a high mountain pass connecting Lahaul District in Himachal Pradesh to Ladakh in Jammu & Kashmir state.
A narrow pass in greater Himalayan ranges of HP, located at a height of 1200 ft. This pass is not available for transportation during winter due to snow cover

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Mountain passes of India
Changla Pass

The Changla Pass (el. 5425 m./17,800 ft.) is a high mountain pass in Ladakh, India.

Mountain passes of India
Fotu La

Fotu La () or Fatu La is the highest mountain pass on the Srinagar-Leh highway in the Himalaya in Kashmir.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Khardong La Pass

Khardung La (la means "pass" in Tibetan) is a high mountain pass located in the Ladakh region, Maqbuza Kashmir. It is at 5359 m above seal level.The local pronunciation is "Khardong La" or "Khardzong La" but, as with most names in Ladakh, the romanised spelling varies.
The pass on the Ladakh Range is north of Leh and is the gateway to the Shyok and Nubra valleys. The Siachen Glacier lies part way up the latter valley. Built in 1976, it was opened to public motor vehicles in 1988. Maintained by the Border Roads Organisation, the pass is strategically important to India as it is used to carry supplies to the Siachen Glacier Disputed.

The elevation of Khardung La is 5,359 m (17,582 ft).[1] Local summit signs and dozens of stores selling shirts in Leh incorrectly claim that its elevation is in the vicinity of 5,602 m (18,379 ft)[citation needed] and that it is the world's highest motorable pass.
Lungalacha La Pass

Lachulanga la (el. 5059 m) is a mountain pass on the Leh-Manali highway.It located 54 km from Sarchu and 24 km from Pang on the Manali Leh highway. This is one of the easier 16000+ passes and it can be traversed cross country by moving along the nala on both side. However due to lack of greenry in this region, the climbers / hikers face breathlessness during climb and those who have not undergone acclimatisation may face severe symptoms of AMS.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Marsimik La

Marsimik La, elevation 5,582 metres (18,314 ft), is a high mountain pass in the Chang-Chemno Range in northern Kashmir (India). There is a road over this pass, over which suitably adapted vehicles have been driven, but it is not a motorable pass in the sense that the road is not in good enough condition to permit transit by normal vehicles.

If it were motorable, it would be the highest motorable pass in Kashmir, but reports suggest that there are probably higher motorable passes in Tibet.

Located 16 km northeast of the northwest tip of Pangong Lake, the pass is on the shortest route from there to the contested Kongka La (Pass) area 42 km farther northeast on the China - Occupied Kashmir line of actual control. Marsimik La is four km west of the sharp 6000 to 6500 meter ridge line forming the line of actual control.

References

Geography of China
Mountain passes of Pakistan
Namika La Pass

Namika la (el. 3700 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Himalaya in Maqbuza Kashmir on the Srinagar-Leh highway.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Pensi La Pass

Pensi-la is a mountain pass in the Ladakh region of Kashmir, which is known as the Gateway to Zanskar.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Sasser Pass

Sasser Pass or Saser-la (el. 5411 m./17,753 ft.) is a high mountain pass in Kashmir on the ancient summer caravan route from Ladakh to Yarkand in the Tarim Basin. It leads from the head of the Nubra Valley into the upper Shyok valley, on the way to the even higher, but easier, Karakoram Pass.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Shingo La Pass

Shingo-la is a mountain pass in Jammu and Kashmir, on the border between Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh (Republic of India). There is a shallow lake or pool about 20m below the pass. The pass is on a footpath linking Zanskar and Lahaul, used often by locals and trekkers alike. For trekkers it is one of the technically easiest 5000m passes in Indian Himalaya, involving no glacier trekking nor steep climbs. There is snow on the pass all year round. In the summer, only a small stretch of snow has to be passed.

Himalayas
Mountain passes of India
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir
Tanglang La Pass

Taglang La, elevation , is a high mountain pass in Ladakh, Kashmir.
.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Bolan Pass

Bolan Pass ( Dharaa Bolan) is a mountain pass through the Toba Kakar Range of mountains in western Pakistan, 120 kilometres from the Afghanistan border.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Broghol Pass

Broghol Pass, also spelled Boroghil and several other ways, (el. 3798 m./12,460 ft.) is a high mountain pass that crosses the Pamir Mountains and connects the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Chaprot Pass

Chaprot Pass or Daintar Pass is a mountain pass to the northeast of Mehrbani Peak (5639) in the northwest of Chaprot.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Dorah Pass

Dorah Pass, also spelled and pronounced Durah Pass, connects Badakshan in Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. The Dorah Pass is more than 14,000 feet (4,300 m) high. It crosses the Hindu Kush mountains. The pass became important during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan because the Soviets could not stop the flow of arms and men back and forth across the pass. Almost all the Munji-speaking people of Afghanistan fled across the border to Chitral during the War in Afghanistan.

Pamir is a high plateau sometimes called "The roof of the world" that joins Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China and Kashmir. Marco Polo is believed to have crossed the Pamir Mountains on his way to China.

The Dorah Pass is one of the four major mountain passes that enter Chitral. The others are the Broghol Pass from the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan, Shandur Top from Gilgit, and Lowari Top from Dir in Pakistan.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Gondogoro Pass

Gondogoro Pass is a high mountain pass on the Gondogoro Glacier near Vigne Glacier.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Gumal Pass

Gumal Pass or Gomal Pass () is a mountain pass on the border of Afghanistan and the southeastern portion of South Waziristan in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas. It takes its name from the Gomal River. It is midway between Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Hayal Pass

Hayal Pass (el. 4600 m.) is a high mountain pass to the north of Shani Peak in Naltar Valley, Pakistan. The pass lies in the west of Naltar Pass.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Hispar Pass

Hispar Pass (or Hispar La) (el. 5,128 m./16,824 ft.) is a high-altitude, non-technical mountain pass in the Karakoram Range in Pakistan.

At the pass, the Biafo Glacier (63 km. long) and Hispar Glacier (49 km long) meet to form the world's longest glacial traverse outside of the polar regions, 100 kilometers in length.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Karakar Pass

Karakar Pass (el. 1336 m./4384 ft.) is a mountain pass in the Hindu Kush in Pakistan.

From the top of the pass, one can view Buner Valley. It was at this pass that the Emperor Akbar lost most of his 8000-man army in an abortive attempt to invade Swat in 1586.

The 45 km-long road from Pir Baba (RA) to Barikot passes through Mount Ilam rising through mature pine forests to Karakar pass.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Khojak Pass

Khojak Pass (el. 7,513 ft) connects Qila Abdullah with Chaman in the province of Baluchistan, Pakistan.

khojak pass is between Quetta and Chaman. 22 kilometer before Chaman. 
Khojak tunnel 5.2 kilometer long (3.2 miles). 
Small forts to defend pass on each hill top. 
Picture of khojak tunnel is on old five rupees note.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Kilik Pass

Kilik Pass (el. 4827 m./15,837 ft.), 30 km to the west of Mintaka Pass is a high mountain pass in Pakistan. The two passes were, in ancient times, the two main access points into the Upper Hunza Valley (also called Gojal Valley) from the north.

This was the shortest and quickest way into northern Kashmir from the Tarim Basin, and one that was usually open all year, but was extremely dangerous and only suited for travellers on foot. From Tashkurgan one travelled just over 70 km south to the junction of the Minteke River. Heading some 80 km west up this valley one reached the Mintaka Pass, (and 30 km farther, the alternative Kilik Pass), which both led into upper Hunza from where one could travel over the infamous rafiqs or "hanging passages" to Gilgit and on, either to Kashmir, or to the Gandharan plains.

Laden animals could be taken over the Mintaka and Kilik passes into upper Hunza (both open all year), but then loads would have to be carried by coolie (porters) to Gilgit (an expensive and dangerous operation). From there, cargoes could be reloaded onto pack animals again and taken either east to Kashmir and then on to Taxila (a long route), or west to Chitral which provided relatively easy access to either Jalalabad, or Peshawar via Swat.

The Mintaka Pass was the main one used in ancient times until the fairly recent advance of glacier ice. After the glaciation of the Mintaka Pass, the Kilik Pass was favoured by caravans coming from China and Afghanistan as it is wider, free of glaciers and provided enough pasture for caravan animals.

The new Karakoram Highway heads farther south, and then west over the Khunjerab Pass (4,934 m or 16,188 ft; 36° 51' N; 75° 32' E).

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Kohat Pass

Kohat Pass is a mountain pass in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, connecting Kohat with Peshawar, crossing the Khigana Mountains.

As the road to the pass is steep and too narrow for large vehicles, the Kohat Tunnel was constructed and opened in June, 2003.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Lowari Pass

Lowari Pass (or Lowari Top) (elevation ) is a high mountain pass that connects Chitral with Dir in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Lowari Top is a relatively low pass, by far the lowest pass to enter Chitral, the rest all being 12,000 to 15,000 feet.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Malakand Pass

Malakand Pass is a mountain pass in Pakistan.

The pass road begins at Dargai. The road across the pass is in good condition, but is always crowded with a continuous stream of trucks. From a viewpoint about one kilometre before the top of the pass, one can see the Swat Canal in the valley below. It was built by the British to channel water from the Swat River through a tunnel under the Malakand Pass to the plains around Mardan.

On the left, Malakand Fort guards the road at the top of the pass. On the other side of the pass, the road descends through the market town of Bat Khela, with a Hindu Shahi fort perched above it, and continues past the headworks of the Swat Canal to the Swat River. The first bridge across the river is at Chakdara, which carries the road to Dir and Chitral.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Mintaka Pass

Mintaka Pass (also known as Minteke Pass) (el. 4709 m./15,450 ft.) or the nearby Kilik Pass (4,827 m or 15,837 ft (4,827 m) high; 37° 05' N; 74° 41' E), 30 km to the west, were, in ancient times, the two main access points into the Upper Hunza Valley from the north. The Hunza Valley is a mountainous valley near Gilgit in the Northern Areas of Pakistan.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Mustagh Pass

The Mustagh Pass or Muztagh Pass is a pass across the Baltoro Muztagh range in the Karakorams and includes K2, the world's second highest mountain. The crest of the Baltoro Muztagh marks the present border between Pakistani and Chinese territory.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogaster is a small, common fly found near rotting fruit. It has been in use for over a century to study genetics and lends itself well to behavioral studies.

History 
Thomas Hunt Morgan studied Drosophila early in the 1900s. He and his team were the first to discover sex-linkage and genetic recombination, which placed the small fly in the forefront of genetic research.

Due to its small size, ease of culture and short generation time, geneticists have been using Drosophila ever since. It is one of the organisms whose entire genome is known, and many hundreds of genes have been identified and studied.

Life 
Fruit flies are easily obtained from the wild and most biological science companies carry a variety of different mutations. In addition these companies sell equipment to culture the flies. Costs are relatively low and most equipment can be used year after year.

Behaviour

Vision 
The fly's vision is its most important sense organ. Approximately two thirds of the Drosophila brain is dedicated to visual processing. Although their ability to distinguish fine detail is worse than that of humans, their ability to time things (such as flight) is about ten times better.

The compound eye of the fruit fly contains 760 units or ommatidia, and are one of the most advanced among insects. Each ommatidium contains eight photoreceptor cells (R1–8), support cells, pigment cells, and a cornea (lens). Wild-type flies have reddish pigment cells, which serve to absorb excess blue light so the fly is not blinded by ambient light.

Flight 
The wings of a fly are capable of beating at up to 220 times per second. Flies fly via straight sequences of movement interspersed by rapid turns called saccades. During these turns, a fly is able to rotate 90 degrees in fewer than 50 milliseconds.

It was long thought that the characteristics of Drosophila flight were dominated by the viscosity of the air, rather than the inertia of the fly body. However, research has shown that flies perform banked turns, where the fly accelerates, slows down while turning, and accelerates again at the end of the turn. This indicates that inertia is the dominant force, as is the case with larger flying animals.

Reproduction

In order to mate with a female fruit fly, the male fruit fly has to do a special courting dance.  
First, he faces the female.  
Then, he follows the female around.
Taps her on the leg
Vibrates a wing
Positions himself behind the abdomen of the female, licks her genitalia.  
Finally, the male fruit fly attempts copulation by curling his abdomen under hers. The female can, however, kick the male away from it with her legs.

The sexual intercourse usually lasts from about 15–20 minutes, in which several hundred relatively long sperm are released into the female’s body. The female then stores these sperm in her spermathecae, and then becomes pregnant. It only takes the female a few days to give birth to about five eggs.

Some reports have the wing vibration earlier in the procedure. In any event, there are some differences between even closely related species.

References 

Genetics
Drosophila
Model organisms
Lauren Bacall

Lauren Bacall (, born Betty Joan Perske; September 16, 1924 – August 12, 2014) was an American movie, radio and stage actress and model. She was well known for her deep voice. She started acting in the 1940s. She acted until 2014. She had big roles in movies like The Big Sleep and Dark Passage.

Bacall was the fourth wife of actor Humphrey Bogart. They were married until Bogart died in 1957. They had a son, Stephen (born 1949), and a daughter, Leslie (born 1952). Bacall married Jason Robards in 1961. They had one son, Sam (born 1961). They divorced in 1969. Bacall was once briefly engaged to singer Frank Sinatra.

Bacall's cousin was Shimon Peres, the former Prime Minister and President of Israel. Their fathers were brothers.

On August 12, 2014, Bacall died in New York City from a stroke, aged 89.

References

Other websites

Interview with Larry King on CNN 
Article about the "origin" of the "Rat Pack" taken mainly from her book "Lauren Bacall, By Myself", (New York: Knopf, 1978)
Lauren Bacall Official website  - at LaurenBacall.com

1924 births
2014 deaths
Actors from the Bronx
American movie actors
American radio actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Deaths from stroke
Democrats (United States)
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Jewish American actors
Jewish models
Models from the Bronx
Tony Award winning actors
Oklahoma City Blue

The Oklahoma City Blue are an NBA Development League team based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. They play at the Cox Convention Center. They were also known as the Asheville Altitude when they played in Asheville, North Carolina from 2001 until 2005 and as the Tulsa 66ers when the team played in Tulsa, Oklahoma from 2005 until 2014.

In July 2014, the Thunder moved the 66ers to Oklahoma City. The management said that there was "circumstances beyond our control" which stemmed from stalled relocation attempts.

References

Other websites
Official website 

2005 establishments in the United States
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
2000s establishments in Oklahoma
NBA G League

The NBA G League, or Gatorade League, is the National Basketball Association's officially sponsored and operated developmental basketball organization. When the league was formed in 2001, it was called the National Basketball Development League (NBDL). In 2005, it entered into a formal relationship with the NBA and became the NBA Development League, or D-League. After the 2016–17 season, the NBA entered a sponsorship deal with PepsiCo's Gatorade brand of sports drinks; the league first called itself the "Gatorade League", but settled on "G League", reflecting Gatorade's use of a single large "G" as its brand logo.

2016–17 teams

Future teams

Notes

Development League
Basketball leagues
2001 establishments in the United States
Bitwise operation

In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit array at the level of its individual bits.

Bitwise operators
In the explanations below, any indication of a bit's position is counted from the right side, moving left. For example, the binary value 0001 (decimal 1) has zeroes at every position but the first (i.e. the rightmost) one.

NOT
The bitwise NOT, or complement, is an operation that performs logical negation on each bit. Bits that are 0 become 1, and those that are 1 become 0. For example:

 NOT 0111  (decimal 7)
   = 1000  (decimal 8)

 NOT 10101011  (decimal 171)
   = 01010100  (decimal 84)

AND
A bitwise AND is an operation that takes two bit patterns and performs the logical AND operation on each pair of bits. If both bits in the compared position are 1, the result is 1 otherwise the result is 0. For example:

     0101 (decimal 5)
 AND 0011 (decimal 3)
   = 0001 (decimal 1)

OR
A bitwise OR is an operation that takes two bit patterns of equal length and performs the logical inclusive OR operation on each pair of bits. If both bits are 0 the result is 0, while otherwise, the result is 1. For example:

    0101 (decimal 5)
 OR 0011 (decimal 3)
  = 0111 (decimal 7)

XOR
A bitwise XOR is an operation that takes two bit patterns of equal length and performs the logical exclusive OR operation on each pair of bits. If both bits are 0 the result 0, if one bit is 1 and the other is zero the result is 1, and if both bits are 1 the result is 0.

     0101 (decimal 5)
 XOR 0011 (decimal 3)
   = 0110 (decimal 6)

Computer science
Boolean algebra
Irving Berlin

Irving Berlin (May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989), born Israel Baline in Imperial Russia, was a Jewish-American songwriter.

Selected works
Berlin's first popular success was "Alexander's Ragtime Band."

In 1938, Kate Smith made "God Bless America" a popular hit.

In 1942, Berlin won the Academy Award for the best original song in the movie "Holiday Inn". The song was "White Christmas.". Bing Crosby recorded the song. This became "the best-selling record of all time."

Broadway musicals written by Berlin included "Annie Get Your Gun" and "Call me Madam."

References

Other websites 

Irving Berlin Music Company
PBS page on Irving Berlin , part of their Great Performances series
If Irving Berlin could not read or write music, how did he compose? (from The Straight Dope)
 Liner notes for The Vintage Irving Berlin, New World Records NW 238 
Irving Berlin collection of non-commercial sound recordings, at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
The Judy Room "Easter Parade" section
Daniel K. Elder "Remarkable Sergeants: Ten Vignettes of Noteworthy NCOs," http://ncohistory.com/files/RemarkableSgts.pdf

1888 births
1989 deaths
American centenarians
American composers
American Jews
American movie score composers
American pianists
American songwriters
Entertainers from New York City
Congressional Gold Medal recipients
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Supercentenarian

A supercentenarian is someone who has lived to the age of 110 years or more, something achieved by only one in a thousand centenarians. A very small number of supercentenarians have lived to be 115. Early uses of the word meant a person well over 100, but now it is just known as people who are 110 or older.

Jeanne Calment had the world's longest verified human lifespan (122 years 164 days). Since 22 July 2018, the current oldest verified living person is Kane Tanaka, who was 115 years old when she got this title but is currently 118 years old.

Jiroemon Kimura (1897–2013) is the longest lived documented man at 116 years 54 days.

References

Other websites
Characteristics of Supercentenarians
Supercentenarian Research Foundation
International Database on Longevity
Gerontology Research Group 
List of Super-centenarians
Leila Denmark

Leila Alice Daughtry Denmark, M.D. (February 1, 1898– April 1, 2012) is an American pediatrician who still worked until she was 103. She worked on the vaccine for pertussis (also known as whooping cough) in the 1920s and 1930s.

As a doctor, she was one of the first to be against smoking near children and drug use in pregnant women. She also thinks that it is bad to drink cow's milk, people should eat fruit but not drink fruit juices, and drink only water.

When she turned 100, she did not want cake because it had too much sugar in it. She turned 110 in 2008, becoming a rare case of a supercentenarian who had been known for reasons other than her age.

References

Other websites
 Keenlyside, Barbara. "Dr. Leila Denmark's secret: Love what you do." Atlanta Business Chronicle, 24 July, 1998. 
 Meyer, M.D., Charles R. "The Graying Physician". 'MMA Publications', August 2006. 
 Report on Leila Denmark's supercentenarian status

1898 births
2012 deaths
American physicians
American supercentenarians
Scientists from Georgia (U.S. state)
Dhow

The dhow is a type of boat. It is Middle Eastern in make. The boat is a popular type of transport along the Nile river. The dhow is normally small with a big sail.

Sailing
Boats
W. S. Gilbert

Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator. He is best known for the comic operas (or operettas) that he wrote with Sir Arthur Sullivan.

Gilbert worked in the civil service for a few years, but he did not like it. He studied law and became a lawyer, but not many people hired him. To make more money, he wrote short stories and comic poems for magazines. He also worked as a theatre critic. Gilbert made drawings for some of his poems and signed them "Bab", a nickname he had when he was a baby. Those poems became known as "The Bab Ballads" and were very popular.

In the 1860s Gilbert started writing plays. At first he wrote parodies of other writers' plays and operas, but soon he developed his own way of writing. Gilbert wrote many plays; most of them are not performed anymore, but Engaged (1877), about a man who proposes marriage to every woman he meets, is still performed.

In 1871 Gilbert started working with Sullivan. They wrote fourteen comic operas together; Gilbert wrote the words and Sullivan wrote the music. Their fourth opera, H.M.S. Pinafore (1878), made the team of "Gilbert and Sullivan" famous all over the English-speaking world. Besides Pinafore, their best-known operas are The Pirates of Penzance (1879) and The Mikado (1885). The Gilbert and Sullivan operas are still performed very often, by opera companies, theatre companies, and groups in schools and colleges.

Gilbert and Sullivan sometimes argued about what to write and how to write it, but they worked together for 25 years, from 1871 to 1896. When they were angry with each other, they wrote operas with other people, but those operas did not make as much money as the operas they wrote together. When Sullivan died in 1900, Gilbert stopped writing operas.

Gilbert directed his own plays and operas. He wanted the actors to talk in a natural way, and not shout as if they were giving a speech to a big crowd. Gilbert's ideas helped other playwrights, like Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw, to make their plays more real.

1836 births
1911 deaths
English writers
English poets
English playwrights
Opera
Gilbert and Sullivan
Civil servants
British illustrators
The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor

The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor is a 2008 American adventure movie. It is a sequel to  The Mummy and The Mummy Returns. It was released on August 1, 2008 in the United States. Jet Li is in the movie also.

Theatres 
The movie opened in Los Angeles on July 27, 2008.

Critics ideas 
Most critics said the movie is bad. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times liked it as "plain dumb fun."

References

Other websites
 
 
 

2008 movies
American action movies
American adventure movies
American fantasy movies
Movies set in China
Movies set in deserts
Movies set in the 1940s
The Mummy
Borough of Congleton

The Borough of Congleton (or Congleton Borough) is in Cheshire, England. The towns of Alsager, Congleton, Middlewich and Sandbach are in the Borough. It is part of the second tier of local government, the Borough will be replaced by Cheshire East in April 2009.

Religion
The percentage of people of each religion in  the borough. 

People stating religion as: 

Christian: 81.46%
Muslim: 0.17%
Buddhist: 0.12%
Hindu: 0.11%
Jewish: 0.06%
Sikh: 0.04%
Other religions: 0.16%
No religion: 11.46%
Religion not stated: 6.43%

References

Other websites 
Homepage 

Cheshire
Naltar Pass

Naltar Pass is a mountain pass to the north of Shani Peak in Naltar Valley in Pakistan. The pass lies west of Chaprot Pass and east of Hayal Pass.

References

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Shangla Pass

Shangla Pass is a mountain pass in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It connects Upper Swat with Lower Swat.

Mountain passes of Pakistan
Diphu Pass

Diphu Pass is a path through the mountains where the borders of the People's Republic of China, India and Myanmar meet. Diphu Pass is a strategic route to southern South Tibet.

Other websites
Satellite image of the pass

Geography of China
Dongka La Pass

Dongkha (el. 3060 m./12,000 ft.) is a high mountain pass in the Himalaya connecting Sikkim in Republic of India with Tibet.

The pass offers a view of the Tibetan Plateau. The pass is located in North Sikkim. Near the pass is the placid Cholamo Lake, 6.5 km long and 2.5 km wide.

Mountain passes of India
Goecha La Pass

Goecha La (el. 4940 m.) is a high mountain pass in Sikkim, India in the Himalaya range.

The pass has a view of the southeast face of Kanchenjunga, the third highest mountain in the world.

Mountain passes of India
Haldighati Pass

Haldighati is a mountain pass in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan in western India. It connects Rajsamand and Pali districts, 40 kilometres from Udaipur. The name is believed to have come from the turmeric-coloured yellow soil. (Turmeric is haldi in Hindi.)

Mountain passes of India
Jelep La Pass

Jelep La (also spelled Jelepla) (el. 4267 m./14,300 ft.) is a high mountain pass between Sikkim and Tibet.

Etymologically the term Jelep La is derived from jelep meaning lonely and la meaning pass in Tibetan. The pass is in Sikkim and the route connects Lhasa to the Republic of India. The pass is 46 metres (150 feet) in length.

Mountain passes of India
Kasara Ghat Pass

Kasara Ghat is a ghat (mountain pass) in the Western Ghats, near the town of Kasara in Maharashtra, India. The Kasara Ghat is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route, and is one of the four major rail and road routes leading into Mumbai. The railway line, which passes through the ghat, is the steepest in India with a gradient (slope) of 1 in 37.

Mountain passes of India
Kumbharli Ghat Pass

The Kumbharli Ghat is a mountain pass in Maharashtra, India cutting across the Western Ghats range. It connects the coastal Konkan part of Maharashtra with the Marathwada region on the Deccan plateau.

Mountain passes of India
Lipu-Lekh Pass

Lipu-Lekh Pass (el. 5350 m.) is a Himalayan pass in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand, India.

Mountain passes of India
Nama Pass

Nama Pass (el. 5500 m.) is a Himalayan mountain pass that is found in the eastern part of the Kumaun region in the Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand, India.

Mountain passes of India
Naneghat Pass

Naneghat (Marathi: नाणेघाट) is a mountain pass in the Western Ghats range near Junnar in Pune district of Maharashtra, India.

Mountain passes of India
Palakkad Gap Pass

Palakkad Gap is a 32-42 kilometer wide low mountain pass in the Western Ghats, near Palakkad town in the South Indian State of Kerala.

Mountain passes of India
Pangsau Pass

Pangsau Pass, 3727 feet in altitude, lies on the crest of the Patkai Hills on the Republic of India-Burma (Myanmar) border.

Mountain passes of India
Pin Parvati Pass

The Pin Parvati Pass is a mountain pass in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Mountain passes of India
Rohtang Pass

Rohtang Pass (el. 13,051 ft (3,978 m) is a high mountain pass 51 km from Manali that connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahul and Spiti valleys of Himachal Pradesh, Republic of India.

The pass is open only from May to November. It is used by a lot of cars, buses and trucks.

A tunnel with 8.8 km (5.5 mi) length is built at 3,100 metres (10,171 ft) elevation and will be opened in 2019. Travelling on the Leh-Manali Highway will then be possible all the year. Now it takes 4 to 6 hours to cross Rohtang pass. It will then take about half an hour to travel through the Rohtang tunnel.

Gallery 

Mountain passes of India
Shipki La Pass

Shipkila is a mountain pass and border post on the Republic of India-People's Republic of China border. It is through this pass which the river Sutlej enters India (from the Tibet Autonomous Region).

It is located in Kinnaur District in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India, and Tibet Autonomous provincial Region in People's Republic of China. The mountainous pass is India's third border post for trade with China after Nathula in Sikkim, and Lipulekh in Uttarakhand. The pass is close to town of Khab. Like other border passes along the Indo-Sino disputed border, it is cliamed by the Chinese and the border because of this is now no longer open for non-residents.

Coordinates & Location Type

Area Type: Hypsographic
Location Type: Pass
Latitude: 31.81667
Longitude: 78.75
Latitude (DMS): 31° 49' 0 N
Longitude (DMS): 78° 45' 0 E

Territorial disputes of China
Territorial disputes of India
Mountain passes of India
Sin La Pass

Sin La (el. 5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass in eastern Kumaun. It is in the Pithoragarh District of the Uttarakhand state in India.

Mountain passes of India
Traill's Pass

Traill's Pass (el. 5212 m.) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India.

Mountain passes of India
Kangchenjunga

Kangchenjunga (Nepali:कञ्चनजङ्घा Kanchanjaŋghā) SewaLungma (Limbu language) is the third highest mountain in the world (after Mount Everest and K2).

Kangchenjunga has an altitude of 8,586 metres (28,169 ft). Kangchenjunga translated means "The Five Treasures of Snows", as it has five peaks, four of them over 8,450 metres. It is one of the mountains in the range of the Himalayas.

References

Himalayas
Mountains of India
Mountains of Nepal
Sikkim
List of Oklahoma state symbols

This is a list of Oklahoma's state symbols, including official and unofficial. The official symbols are codified by statute. Many of the unofficial symbols are put in place by Oklahoma Senate of House of Representative resolutions.

State symbols

Other websites
Oklahoma Almanac–"Tourism, Symbols, and Flags"
USPS description of the Oklahoma Statehood Stamp

State symbols
Pubic hair

In adults, Pubic hair it is the  hair which covers the area around the sex organs. It is generally darker in colour and stronger in texture than other hair found on the human body. It is caused by the rising levels of androgens during puberty. Pubic hair is a secondary sex characteristic.

Pubic hair appears during puberty in girls and boys. Beginning with only a few hairs, the area quickly fills out in a triangular shape, making a thick patch of hair. 

The growth of hair can go up toward the navel, but will always continue to grow down past the pubic region and ending at the anus (the hole between the buttocks). In females, hair will cover the outer lips of the vagina; in males, hair will grow around the base of the penis and lightly cover the scrotum (the outer sack containing the testicles).

Pubic hair is sometimes called a "bush," "nest," "pubes," or "curlies". On Asian people, pubic hair is usually not so curly.

Pubic hair is sometimes made into a fashion item. Men and women do this. Some people may change the way their pubic hair looks, by trimming or shaping it. One style is called a "landing strip", like a runway where an airplane lands. Some religions say to shave pubic hair. Some people use chemicals that dissolve pubic hair. Some people use wax or electrolysis to remove pubic hair. The use of wax to remove all pubic hair is sometimes called Brazilian.

Sometimes people change the color. Sometimes people ask, "Does the carpet match the drapes?" This means, "Is the person's pubic hair the same color as the hair on the person's head?" Usually people with red natural hair color have darker red pubic hair.

Hair
Ring of Fire (song)

"Ring of Fire" is a country music song popularized by Johnny Cash and co-written by June Carter and Merle Kilgore. The single appears on Cash's 1963 compilation album, Ring of Fire: The Best of Johnny Cash. The song was recorded on March 25, 1963 and became the biggest hit of his career, staying at number one on the charts for seven weeks.

References 

1963 songs
Country songs
Johnny Cash songs
Port wine

Port wine (also called  Vinho do Porto, Oporto, Porto, and often simply Port) is a Portuguese wine. 

Porto is a fortified wine. This means its alcohol is stronger than ordinary wine. This has the effect of making the wine long-lasting even after the bottle has been opened. Porto is a sweet wine, but comes as dry or semi-dry also. It is often served as a dessert wine.

Port is made in the Douro Valley in the northern provinces of Portugal.  Wines which are similar to the Portuguese product called port are made in several countries around the world. The biggest producers are Australia, South Africa, India, Canada and the United States. However, under European Union guidelines, only the product from Portugal may be labelled as Port. In the United States, Federal law mandates that the Portuguese-made product be labeled Porto or Vinho do Porto.

Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the Douro region. The Douro valley where Port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, or appellation in 1756. It is the oldest defined and protected wine region in the world.

The wine produced is then fortified with the addition of a Brandy (distilled grape spirits). This is done to stop the fermentation leaving residual sugar in the wine and to increase the alcohol content.  The wine is then stored and aged. For ageing, it is often put in barrels stored in caves After aging, it is  bottled.  

The wine got its name, "Port," in the second half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River.  Much of the product was brought there. It was then either sold on a market or exported to other countries in Europe.  

Wine
North Mississippi Allstars

North Mississippi Allstars is a blues-rock band from Hernando, Mississippi. It was started in 1996.

Members 
The band is made of brothers Luther Dickinson (guitar, vocals) and  Cody Dickinson (drums, keyboards, electric washboard), and Chris Chew (electric bass guitar).  Dickinson also plays a cigar box guitar called the "lowebow".

Albums 
Allstars' first album, Shake Hands With Shorty, was nominated for a Grammy for "Best Contemporary Blues Album". 51 Phantom and Electric Blue Watermelon have also received nominations in that same category.  The group also won a W.C. Handy Award for "Best New Artist Debut" in 2001.

Present members 
The band now tours with John Hiatt.  They have released an album with him called Master of Disaster.

After 2007, Luther Dickinson plays guitar for The Black Crowes' instead of Marc Ford, and played lead guitar for their album Warpaint. He tours with The Black Crowes.

Cody Dickinson has started a new side project called "Hill Country Revue" with Chris Chew, Garry Burnside, Daniel Coburn, Duwayne Burnside and Kirk Smithart.

Discography 
Shake Hands With Shorty (2000)
51 Phantom (2001)
Polaris (2003)
Tate County(Hill Country Blues) (2004) Private Release
Hill Country Revue: Live at Bonnaroo (2004)
Electric Blue Watermelon (2005)
Hernando (2008)

References

Other websites 
 Official web site
 Official MySpace profile

American rock bands
Blues bands
Musical groups from Mississippi
Malika Parbat

Malika Parbat (also known as Queen of the mountains) (el. 5,290 metres (17,356 ft) is a mountain in Kaghan Valley, Pakistan about six kilometres south of Saiful Muluk Lake near Ansoo Lake.

Other websites 
 Northern Pakistan areas in Google Earth 

Himalayas
Mountains of Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa