cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Saint-Rémy-de-Provence

Saint-Rémy-de-Provence is a commune of 10,251 people (2007). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Saint-Savournin

Saint-Savournin is a commune of 2,577 people (2002). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Saint-Victoret

Saint-Victoret is a commune of 6,530 people (2007). It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Salon-de-Provence

Salon-de-Provence is a commune of 40,100 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Education 
 École de l'Air

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Sausset-les-Pins

Sausset-les-Pins is a commune of 7,278 people (2006). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Related pages
Communes of the Bouches-du-Rhône department

Other websites
Official website 

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Sénas

Sénas is a commune of 5,980 people (2004). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Related pages
 Communes of the Bouches-du-Rhône department

Other websites

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Septèmes-les-Vallons

Septèmes-les-Vallons is a commune of 10,202 people (1999). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Simiane-Collongue

Simiane-Collongue is a commune of 5,570 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Le Tholonet

Le Tholonet is a commune of 2,267 people (1999). It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Trets

Trets is a commune of 10,709 people (2006). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Vauvenargues, Bouches-du-Rhône

Vauvenargues is a commune of 896 people (2006). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Velaux

Velaux is a commune of 8,305 people (2007). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

References

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Venelles

Venelles is a commune of 8,156 people (2006). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in south France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Ventabren

Ventabren is a commune of 8,431 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Vernègues

Vernègues is a commune of 1,256 people (2004). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Verquières

Verquières is a commune of 786 people (2006). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Vitrolles, Bouches-du-Rhône

Vitrolles (also known as Vitròla or Vitrolo) is a commune of 37,760 people (2002). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.

Communes in Bouches-du-Rhône
Alphonse Daudet

Alphonse Daudet (13 May 1840 – 16 December 1897) was a French novelist. He was the father of Léon Daudet and Lucien Daudet. Outside France he is probably best known for his novel Tartarin de Tarrascon. Daudet died of syphilis.

1840 births
1897 deaths
French playwrights
French poets
French novelists
Gustave Flaubert

Gustave Flaubert ( in French) (12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880) was a French writer. He is known especially for his first published novel, Madame Bovary (1857). He was very devoted to what he did, and always looked for the word that would best fit the context. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage.

Important works
 Rêve d'enfer, 1837
 Memoirs of a Madman (1838; Mémoires d’un fou)
 November (1842)
 Madame Bovary (1857)
 Salammbô (1862)
 Sentimental Education (1869; L'Éducation sentimentale)
 Le Candidat (vaudeville), 1874
 The Temptation of Saint Anthony (1874; La Tentation de saint Antoine)
 Three Tales (1877; Trois contes). "A Simple Heart", "Saint Julian" and "Herodias"
 Le Château des cœurs (play), 1880
 Bouvard et Pécuchet (1881)
 Dictionary of Received Ideas (1911; Dictionnaire des idées reçues)
 Souvenirs, notes et pensées intimes (1838–1841), 1965
 Album, annoté par Jean Bruneau et Jean A. Ducourneau, 1972
 Bibliomanie et autres textes 1836–1839, 1982

1821 births
1880 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in France
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
French novelists
French playwrights
People from Rouen
Roquefort, Gers

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)
Roquefort is a commune of 230 people (1999). It is located in the region Midi-Pyrénées in the Gers department in the southwest of France.

Communes in Gers
Roquefort, Landes

Roquefort is a commune of 1,894 people (1999). It is in the region Aquitaine in the Landes department in the southwest of France.

Communes in Landes
Lookup table

In computer science, a lookup table is a data structure, usually an array or associative array, used to replace a runtime computation (calculation) with a simple array indexing operation. The main purpose is in saving run time since retrieving a value from memory is often faster than undergoing a time consuming computation (see Space-time tradeoff). Lookup tables are also used to validate input values by matching against a list of valid (or invalid) items in an array.

Table (information)

Computer science
Roquefort, Lot-et-Garonne

Roquefort is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.

Related pages
Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department

Other websites

Communes in Lot-et-Garonne
Roquefort-sur-Soulzon

Roquefort-sur-Soulzon is a commune of 691 people (2007). It is in the region Midi-Pyrénées in the Aveyron department in the south of France. It is famous for its cheese (named after the village).

References

Communes in Aveyron
Corn, Lot

For other uses, see Corn (disambiguation)
Corn is a commune of 157 people (1999). It is located in the region Midi-Pyrénées in the Lot department in the south of France. The commune of Roquefort was attached to it.

Communes in Lot
Roquefort-de-Sault

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)

Roquefort-de-Sault is a commune of 113 people (1999). It is in the region Languedoc-Roussillon in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Roquefort-des-Corbières

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)

Roquefort-des-Corbières is a commune of 664 people (1999). It is in the region Languedoc-Roussillon in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Roquefort-les-Cascades

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)
Roquefort-les-Cascades is a commune of 107 people (1999). It is located in the region Midi-Pyrénées in the Ariège department in the south of France.

Communes in Ariège
Roquefort-les-Pins

Roquefort-les-Pins is a commune of 6175 people (2007). It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the southeast of France.

Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Roquefort-sur-Garonne

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)
Roquefort-sur-Garonne is a commune of 715 people (1999). It is located in the region Midi-Pyrénées in the Haute-Garonne department in the southwest of France.

Communes in Haute-Garonne
Avalanche effect

The avalanche effect (“landslide effect”) is a property of block ciphers and cryptographic hash function algorithms. It is often desired in cryptography. The effect says that a lot of the output must change, even when the input changes only a little. In good block ciphers this means: A small change in the key or the plaintext should cause a strong change in the ciphertext. 

This means that small changes can spread fast, when the algorithm uses iterations. Thus, every bit of the output depends on every bit of the input.

The term avalanche effect was first used by Horst Feistel (Feistel 1973). Later, the concept was identified by Shannon's property of confusion. 

If a block cipher or cryptographic hash function does not satisfy the avalanche effect to a significant degree, then it has poor randomization. Thus, a cryptanalyst can make forecasts about the input, if given only the output. This may be sufficient to partially or completely break (crack) the algorithm. 

It is one of the primary design objectives when people create a strong cipher or cryptographic hash function. They try to build a good avalanche effect in it. Mathematically this uses the butterfly effect. This is why most block ciphers are product ciphers. It is also why hash functions have large data blocks.

Name 
The name comes from landslides. A small rock can fall down, go along with some snow and make a destructive landslide. The rock was small, but was able to cause a lot of destruction. This is the same as what this effect does. A small change in the input (the rock) should change the output (the landscape).

Strict avalanche criterion 
The Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC; a “strong landslide criterion”) is a property of boolean functions. It is of importance to cryptography. It is satisfied if all output bits change with a probability of 50 percent, if a single input bit is changed.  

The SAC was built on the concepts of evolution completeness and avalanche. It was introduced by Webster and Tavares in 1985. Nowadays it is a requirement for every modern cryptographic system. It was e.g. satisfied by all finalists of the AES competition.

Bit independence criterion 
The Bit independence criterion (BIC; a criterion independent from the bit) is a criterion. It goes: When a single input bit is changed (inverted), two output bits should change independently of each other. This applies to all bits. 

It would e.g. not be satisfied, if the one output bit only changes, when the other output bit also changes. They might only change, because the input bit changed. Otherwise, the output bits would depend on each other.

Related pages
 Confusion and diffusion

References 
A. F. Webster and Stafford E. Tavares, "On the design of S-boxes", Advances in Cryptology - Crypto '85 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), vol. 219, pp. 523–534, 1985.
 Practical example (32 bits), taken from the extensive justification of the hash function HSH 11/13
Horst Feistel, "Cryptography and Computer Privacy." Scientific American, Vol. 228, No. 5, 1973. (JPEG format scanned) 

Cryptography
Rocquefort

Rocquefort is a commune of 270 people (1999). It is in the region Haute-Normandie in the Seine-Maritime department in the northwest of France.

Communes in Seine-Maritime
BBC Radio 1Xtra

BBC Radio 1Xtra (also known as 1Xtra) is a digital British contemporary black music station from the BBC. The station was launched at 6pm on August 16, 2002. It was called Network X during the planning period. It is the complement station to Radio 1 and is broadcast from the same building as Radio 1 - Yalding House in central London. This is part of the BBC's massive Broadcasting House complex of radio studios and other offices.

Music policy
The playlist generally includes British, Caribbean, African and North American hip hop, grime, bassline, garage, dubstep, funky, drum and bass, bashment, soca, reggae, gospel music, bhangra, soul and R&B. It is available on digital radio (DAB), digital satellite television, digital terrestrial television (Freeview), and the Internet. It has its own news team: 1Xtra News.

Audience profile
1Xtra's audience is usually aged between 15 and 30 years old. The upper age range is deliberately lower than sister station Radio 1 which is closer to 35.

According to the "Submission to the Secretary of State's review of digital channels" in March 2004, 1Xtra "provides music output 24 hours a day, punctuated by bespoke BBC 
news bulletins and other speech output designed specifically to be pertinent to the 
audience."

References

Other websites
BBC 1Xtra at bbc.co.uk
BBC 1Xtra - UK Music Podcast  at bbc.co.uk

1Xtra
Barrel

Barrel is an old English word for a big holder of liquids, such as petrol, beer, wine or oil. Barrels are most commonly made of either wood or metal but many are plastic

Barrels are used to age wine, and other beverages such as whisky and beer. Most of those are made of oak wood.

A barrel is also used to measure liquids. One barrel of oil is 158.987 litres (42 US gallons). It is shortened as "bbl". This use may have come from the early Pennsylvanian oil fields where wooden barrels were used to store and move oil around. In 1866, the people of West Virginia started using it regularly. At this time, the amount was set to 42 American gallons. It was later world-wide for measuring amounts of oil and pricing it. Today, oil is rarely stored or transported in actual barrels, but the term "barrel" is still used to mean a 42-gallon measurement.

A barrel can also be used to measure dry goods. For example, a barrel can mean 196 pounds (about 89 kilograms) of flour.

Different sizes
The size of some standard barrels is not the same in all countries. Some countries have different sizes for different liquids.
In the United Kingdom, there is a standard barrel for beer. It is 36 imperial gallons (163.659 litres).
 In the United States, a standard barrel for liquids is 31.5 US gallons (about 119.2 litres). For beer, the standard barrel is 31 US gallons (117.348 litres), because of tax laws.
 A physical metal barrel for oil or chemicals usually holds 55 US gallons (208.198 litres), but the word "barrel" used as a measurement refers to a 42-gallon measurement.

History
The first people to start using barrels were the Celts about 350 BC. The Roman Empire started using barrels after trading with the Celts. Barrels remained popular for shipping items until the 20th century.

Containers
Units of volume
Claudio Ulpiano

Claudio Ulpiano (1932-1999) was a Brazilian philosopher and expert on the work of Gilles Deleuze. He taught at the Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro and Universidade Federal Fluminense.

Bibliography
Do saber em Platão e do sentido nos estóicos como reversão do platonismo. Dissertação de Mestrado.
O Pensamento de Deleuze ou a Grande Aventura do Espírito . Tese de Doutorado.
Mundo Próprio - Primeiro Movimento

Link
www.claudioulpiano.org.br 

1932 births
1999 deaths
Brazilian philosophers
Jorge Mautner

Henrique George Mautner (born January 17, 1941), better known by his stage name Jorge Mautner, is a Brazilian writer and singer of Jewish descent. He is the creator of the Moviment of Kaos.

Albums 
 Revirão (2007) - Gege/Warner Music
 Eu não peço desculpa (2002) (with Caetano Veloso)
 Mitologia do Kaos
 O Ser da Tempestade (1999) - Dabliú Discos
 Estilhaços de Paixão (1996) - Primal Records
 Pedra Bruta (1992) - (LP) Rock Company Records
 Árvore da Vida (Jorge Mautiner and Nelson Jacobina) (1988) - LP. Geléia Geral/WEA
 Antimaldito (1985) - (LP) Nova República/Polygram
 Bomba de Estrelas (1981) - CD/Lp – WEA
 Filho Predileto de Xangô (1978) - CBS CD
 Mil e Uma Noites de Bagdá (1976) - LP Phonogram
 Jorge Mautner (1974) - LP – Polydor
 Para Iluminar a Cidade (1972) - LP Phonogram
 Radioatividade Não, não, não (1966) - RCA Victor -

Books 
 Mitologia do Kaos - Obras Completas, Editora Azougue - 2002
 Floresta Verde Esmeralda (text included on the Mitologia do Kaos) - 2002
 Fragmentos de Sabonete e Outros Fragmentos, Relume-Dumará - 1995
 Miséria Dourada, Editora Maltese – 1993
 Fundamentos do Kaos, Ched Editorial – 1985
 Sexo do Crepúsculo, Editora Global Ground – 1982
 'Poesias de Amor e de Morte, Editora Global Ground – 1982
 Panfletos da Nova Era, Editora Global – 1978
 Fragmentos de Sabonete, Editora Ground Informação – 1973
 O Vigarista Jorge, Von Schimdt Editora – 1965
 Narciso em Tarde Cinza, Editora Exposição do Livro – 1965
 Kaos, Editora Martins – 1963
 Deus da Chuva e da Morte, Editora Martins – 1962

 Books about Jorge Mautner 
 Proteu ou: A Arte das Transmutações Leituras, audições e visões da obra de Jorge Mautner by Luís Carlos de Morais Junior, HP Comunicação – 2004
 Jorge Mautner em movimento'', Editor César Resac – 2004

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

1941 births
Living people
Brazilian Jews
Brazilian singers
Brazilian poets
Composers
Jewish musicians
Jewish writers
People from Rio de Janeiro
Meshuggah

Meshuggah is an experimental metal band from Umeå in Sweden. They have been playing since 1987. Meshuggah are famous for using 8-string guitars in their last albums.  Meshuggah's musical style contains the use of differing time signatures, however when most of the band, guitars, bass, vocals and bass drum, the other drums remain in common time, i.e. 1-2-3-4-1-2-3-4 etc. All allbums after Nothing were in the Billboard 200.

Discography 
1991: Contradictions Collapse
1995: Destroy Erase Improve
1998: Chaosphere
2002: Nothing
2005: Catch Thirtythree
2008: obZen

Other websites 

Meshuggah's official website
Meshuggah  at MySpace
Meshuggah at Allmusic

Swedish heavy metal bands
Umeå
Musical groups established in 1987
Andy McKee

Andy McKee is a fingerstyle guitarist from Topeka, Kansas. He became famous through his YouTube videos in 2006.

Discography
 Nocturne, 2001
 Dreamcatcher, 2004
 Art of Motion, 2005
 Gates of Gnomeria, 2007
 Split DVD with Antoine Dufour, 2007
 The Thing That Came From Somewhere with Don Ross, 2008

Other Websítes
 McKee's Personal Website
 Andy McKee's MySpace
 McKee @ Candyrat Records
 Interview @ InstruMentalCase
 Profile from honesttune.com.

1979 births
Living people
American guitarists
American folk musicians
Musicians from Kansas
People from Topeka, Kansas
Beverly Hills Chihuahua

Beverly Hills Chihuahua is a 2008 movie by Walt Disney Pictures directed by Raja Gosnell. The first preview of the movie was seen next to The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian, and originally the movie was stanted for a September 26, 2008 release, but the release was moved to October 3. The story is about a chihuahua who gets dognapped in Mexico and has to escape from an evil Doberman. Destino, a 2003 short movie made by Walt Disney Pictures based on an idea started by Walt Disney and Salvador Dalí in the 1940s, was thought to be seen before Beverly Hills Chihuahua, but this didn't happen. Insteed, a sneak-peek of the Disney movie Bolt was seen.

The story 
The movie is about a spolied chihuahua from  Beverly Hills named Chloe (voiced by Drew Barrymore). Her owner, "Aunt Viv" (Jamie Lee Curtis), has to go to Italy, so she leaves Chloe with her niece, Rachel Ashe Lynn (Piper Perabo). Rachel and her friends go on vacation to Mexico, and Chloe gets dognapped by  an evil Mexican dognapper who at first wants to use her in dog fights but sees her value and wishes to put her at randsome (have the owners have to pay money to get her back). In the meantime, Papi (voiced by George Lopez), a male chihuahua who is in love with her is on the lookout for her. Chloe makes friendship with a lonely German Shepherd named Delgado (voiced by Andy Garcia) who travels with her to protect her from the evil Doberman (voiced by Edward James Olmos) who wants to kill her and steal her diamond collar to return it to the dognapper who owns him.

Cast

Human cast 
 Manolo Cardona as Sam
 Maury Sterling as Rafferty
 Jamie Lee Curtis as Aunt Viv
 José María Yazpik as Vasquez
 Jesús Ochoa as Officer Ramirez
 Piper Perabo as Rachel Ashe Lynn

Voice cast 
 George Lopez as Papi
 Carlos Juvera as Tomás
 Luis Guzman as Chucho
 Andy Garcia as Delgado
 Cheech Marin as Manuel
 Paul Rodriguez as Chico
 Drew Barrymore as Chloe
 Placido Domingo as Monte
 Eddie "Piolín" Sotelo as Rafa
 Edward James Olmos as El Diablo

Visual effects 
 Cinesite in London, using their specially developed pipeline for creating digital muzzle replacements, animated the many talking dogs. The in-house visual effects supervisor is Matt Johnson.

Music 
The music to Beverly Hills Chihuahua was written by composer Heitor Pereira, who recorded the score with the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Eastwood Scoring Stage at Warner Brothers.

Reception 
Beverly Hills Chihuahua earned $29 million USD in its opening weekend.  It was #1 in the box office for two weeks. Despite this, the movie was rather poorly received by critics.

References

Other websites 

 
 
 

2008 movies
Disney movies
American family movies
Movies about animals
Movies directed by Raja Gosnell
Beverly Hills, California in fiction
American children's comedy movies
Destruction (band)

Destruction is a thrash metal band from Lörrach in Germany. They have been playing since 1982. Together with Kreator and Sodom they form the "triangle of German thrash metal".

Thrash metal bands
Hans-Christian Ströbele

Hans-Christian Ströbele (7 June 1939 in Halle) is a German politician and lawyer.

Ströbele made his school exam abitur in Marl (Westphalia).
Then he studied law in Heidelberg and Berlin (at the Free University of Berlin).
He has been a lawyer in Berlin (until 1990 West Berlin) since 1969.
He was involved in the student revolt of 1968. 
He was one of the lawyers of the Rote Armee Fraktion (RAF) terrorists in the Stammheim trial.

From 1970 to 1974 he was member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.
Later he was one of the founders of the "Alternative List for Democracy and Environmental Protection," which later became the Berlin section of the Green Party of Germany.

1939 births
Living people
German lawyers
German politicians of Alliance '90/The Greens
People from Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
Politicians from Saxony-Anhalt
Rodney Mullen

Rodney Mullen (born August 17 1966 in Gainesville, Florida) is a professional freestyle skateboarder, and considered to be one of the most influential skaters in the history of the sport. He is credited with inventing many tricks, including the flat-ground Ollie (originally called the 'ollie pop'), the kickflip (originally called "magic flips"), the Heelflip, the 360 flip, and the Ollie Impossible (more often called the Impossible).

Tricks he invented
Mullen has invented many tricks. These are:

Frontside & backside 180 kickflips
50-50 saran wrap
Varial heelflip
50-50 sidewinders
360 Flip
360 pressure flip
540 double kickflip
540 Shove-it
Casper 360 flip
Casper slides
Darkslides (Adapted from Mark Gonzales' idea)
Double heelflips
Flat-ground ollie
Godzilla rail flip
Gazelle
Heelflip
Helipops (360 Nollie)
Half-cab kickflip underflip
Half-cab impossible
Helipop heelflips
Handstand flip
Kickflip underflip
No Handed 50-50
Ollie Kickflip
Ollie Impossible
Ollie nosebone
Ollie fingerflip
One footed ollie

Movie appearance
Rodney Mullen did many of the skateboarding stunts for Christian Slater in the 1989 skateboarding movie Gleaming the Cube. He can be seen performing in order to look like Slater. At the end credits he can be seen from an overhead view riding his skateboard with the camera zooming in on his foot work.

Video game appearances
Mullen has appeared in many video games related to the Tony Hawk Pro Skater (THPS) console games. These include:
THPS 1,2,3 and 4
Tony Hawk's Underground, Tony Hawk's Underground 2, Tony Hawk's Underground 2 Remix
Tony Hawk's American Wasteland
Tony Hawk’s American Sk8land
Tony Hawk's Project 8

References

American skateboarders
Sportspeople from Florida
1966 births
Living people
Tony Hawk

Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968) is an American retired professional skateboarder and actor. He is credited with being the first recorded skater to land the 900, which consists of two-and-a-half rotations (900°) in the air before landing back on the pipe during the televised June 27, 1999 X Games, for which he received an enormous amount of attention. He is also known for his Tony Hawk's video game series.

References

Other websites

Official website

1968 births
Actors from San Diego, California
American movie actors
American philanthropists
American skateboarders
American television actors
Businesspeople from California
Living people
Sportspeople from San Diego, California
Skateboarders
Santa Maria, Bulacan

Santa Maria is a municipality (town) in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. It lies 32 kilometers northeast of Manila and is located at the eastern portion of the province. It is surrounded by the towns of Angat and Pandi in the north; by San Jose del Monte City in the south; by Norzagaray in the east; and by Marilao and Bocaue in the west.

According to the 2007 Philippine national census (a total count of the country's population), it has 205,258 people.

It is divided into 24 barangays (villages). These barangays are:
 Bagbaguin
 Balasing
 Buenavista
 Bulac 
 Camangyanan 
 Catmon 
 Caypombo
 Caysio
 Guyong
 Lalakhan
 Mag-asawang Sapa
 Mahabang Parang
 Manggahan
 Parada
 Poblacion (Santa Maria town proper)
 Pulong Buhangin
 San Gabriel
 San Jose Patag
 San Vicente
 Santa Clara
 Santa Cruz
 Silangan
 Tabing Bakod (Santo Tomas)
 Tumana

Sources

Other websites

 Santa Maria, My Kind of Town
 Official Website of the Municipality of Santa Maria, Bulacan 
 Santa Maria Map | Philippines Google Satellite Maps
 NSCB - ActiveStats - PSGC Interactive - Municipality: SANTA MARIA 
 Philippine Census Information 
 Philippine Standard Geographic Code 

Settlements in the Philippines
1647 establishments
Establishments in the Philippines
17th-century establishments in Asia
Winton M. Blount

Winton Malcolm "Red" Blount, Jr. (February 1, 1921 – October 24, 2002) was the United States Postmaster General from 1969 to 1972. He is also known as the founder and Chief Executive Officer of construction giant Blount International.

He was the last Postmaster who led the Post Office as an Executive Department and held cabinet-member rank.

United States Postmasters General
Politicians from Alabama
1921 births
2002 deaths
Richard Bache

Richard Bache (1737–1811) worked for the Postal Service under Benjamin Franklin  from 1775–1776, and was Franklin's successor as Postmaster General, serving from 1776–1782 during the Revolutionary War. He also served on the Board of War.

He was born in Yorkshire, England and married the only daughter of Franklin in 1767, after immigrating to New York City in 1765. His wife, Sarah Franklin Bache (1743-1808), was widely known for patriotism and benevolent activities.

Their son, Richard Bache Jr., served in the Republic of Texas Navy and was elected as a Representative to the Second Texas Legislature in 1847. Another son was Benjamin Franklin Bache (1769-1798). 

1737 births
1811 deaths
United States Postmasters General
People from Yorkshire
Mark Hughes

Leslie Mark Hughes (born November 1, 1963) is a Welsh football manager and former player. He is currently the manager of Queens Park Rangers. Hughes played for Manchester United, Chelsea, and Barcelona during the 1980s and 1990s.

1963 births
Living people
Welsh footballers
Albert Gallatin

Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, Congressman, and the longest-serving United States Secretary of the Treasury. He was also a founder of New York University.

Honors 
 The Gallatin School of Individualized Study at New York University honors his founding.
 Gallatin's portrait was on the front of the $500 United States Note issued in 1862–63.
 Gallatin's portrait was on the standard 1¼¢ stamp from 1967–73.
 Friendship Hill National Historic Site, a 661-acre estate which includes the beautifully restored home of Albert Gallatin, is run by the National Park Service and is located within the boundaries of the Albert Gallatin School District in Fayette County, PA. It is open to the public.
 The United States Department of the Treasury's highest career service award is named the Albert Gallatin Award in his honor.
 USCGC Gallatin (WHEC-721), a , high-endurance Coast Guard cutter homeported in Charleston, S.C., is named for him.

Placenames
 Gallatin County, Illinois
 Gallatin County, Kentucky
 Gallatin, Missouri
 Gallatin County, Montana.
 Gallatin River (Montana)
 Gallatin Mountain Range (Montana)
 Albert Gallatin Area School District, Pennsylvania
 Gallatin, Tennessee
 Gallatin Street in Washington, D.C.
 Gallatin Street in Pico Rivera, CA
 Gallatin Street in Downey, CA
 Gallatin Hall at Harvard Business School in Boston, Massachusetts.
 Gallatin Hall at Robert Morris University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1761 births
1849 deaths
United States Secretaries of the Treasury
People from Geneva
Henry Dearborn

Henry Dearborn (February 23, 1751 – June 6, 1829) was an American physician, and statesman. He was a veteran of both the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812.

He represented this district as a Democratic-Republican in the Third and Fourth Congresses (1793-1797). In 1801, President Thomas Jefferson appointed him Secretary of War, a post he held for eight years until March 7, 1809.

Legacy 
In 1803, Lewis and Clark named the Dearborn River in west-central Montana after Dearborn.  Dearborn County, Indiana, Dearborn, Michigan and Dearborn, Missouri were also named for him, as was Fort Dearborn in Chicago, Illinois.  

His son, Henry A. S. Dearborn, was a Congressman in 1831-1833.

1751 births
1829 deaths
Politicians from New Hampshire
United States representatives from Massachusetts
United States Secretaries of War
Dearborn, Michigan
Robert Smith (cabinet)

Robert Smith (November 3, 1757 – November 26, 1842) was the second United States Secretary of the Navy from 1801 to 1809 and the sixth United States Secretary of State from 1809 to 1811. He was the brother of Senator Samuel Smith.

1757 births
1842 deaths
United States Secretaries of State
United States Attorneys General
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Lawyers from Pennsylvania
Caesar A. Rodney

Caesar Augustus Rodney (January 4, 1772 – June 10, 1824) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, in New Castle County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic-Republican Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly, as well as a U.S. Representative from Delaware, U.S. Senator from Delaware, U.S. Attorney General, and U.S. Minister to Argentina. He was the nephew of Caesar Rodney, the signer of the Declaration of Independence who is pictured on the Delaware state quarter.

References 

1772 births
1824 deaths
Politicians from Wilmington, Delaware
United States Attorneys General
United States representatives from Delaware
United States senators from Delaware
Lawyers from Delaware
Derrick Pierce

Derrick Pierce (born March 1, 1974) is an American porn actor. He began his career  in 2005. Pierce was born in Massachusetts. He moved to California at a young age. He grew up in the Sylmar area of the San Fernando Valley.  

As of 2008, Pierce has appeared in over 100 movies, including "Chemistry 3" which is a unique reality show type of production,  and "Upload", an adult sci-fi thriller.  He has worked for just about every company that makes adult movies.

Before he started working in the adult movie industry, Pierce worked as a martial arts instructor in Southern California. 

In 2008, Pierce was nominated for "Best Actor", "Best BDSM Release", "Best Couples Sex Scene", "Best Supporting Actor" and "Best Threeway Sex Scene" (twice) in the AVN Awards.

References

1974 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors from Massachusetts
American pornographic actors
Topher Grace

Christopher John "Topher" Grace (born July 12, 1978) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the main character, Eric Forman, on the long-running Fox sitcom That '70s Show. Grace also played the villain Eddie Brock, Jr. in the movie ''Spider-Man 3.

1978 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New York City
Mirepoix (cuisine)

Mirepoix () is the French name for a condiment used for cooking. Mirepoix consists of onions, carrots and celery (either common Pascal celery or celeriac). Mirepoix is used in many dishes, such as stocks, soups, stews and sauces. It is used either raw, roasted or sautéed with butter.  Mirepoix is known as the holy trinity of French cooking.

These three ingredients are commonly referred to as aromatics. Similar such combinations, both in and out of the French culinary repertoire, sometimes include leeks, parsnips, garlic, tomatoes, shallots, mushrooms, bell peppers, chilies, and ginger. For the combination mirepoix au gras, or a Matignon, ham or pork belly are used as additional ingredients. In Cajun cuisine, a mirepoix or trinity is a combination of onions, celery and bell peppers.

They may be used in different combinations, as dictated by the cuisine and the dish itself.

Traditionally, the ratio for mirepoix is 2:1:1 of onions, celery, and carrots. The ratio for bones to mirepoix for stock is 10:1. When making a white stock, or fond blanc, parsnips are used instead of carrots to maintain the pale color.

Mirepoix derives its name, as many other elements of French cuisine do, from the patron of the chef who established it, in this case one of the house of Lévis, seigneurs of Mirepoix since the eleventh century and a famous name in Languedoc. The particular member of the house of Lévis whose chef is credited by the Dictionnaire de l'Académie française with giving a name to an old technique is Charles-Pierre-Gaston François de Lévis, duc de Lévis-Mirepoix (1699-1757), maréchal de France and ambassador of Louis XV.

Notes

Other websites
Recipe for Mirepoix 

Food ingredients
Béchamel sauce

Béchamel sauce ( in English,  in French,  in Italian), also known as white sauce, is a basic mother sauce. It can be used to make other sauces, such as Mornay sauce, which is Béchamel and cheese. This basic sauce is usually made today by whisking scalded milk gradually into a white flour-butter roux (equal part clarified butter and flour), though it can also be made by whisking a kneaded flour-butter beurre manié into scalded milk. The thickness of the final sauce depends on the proportions of milk and flour.  Escoffier adds salt and an onion stuck with a clove.

It is named after Louis de Béchamel.

References

Dishes named after people
Mother sauces
American Dad!

American Dad! is an American adult animated sitcom. It is produced by Underdog Productions and Fuzzy Door Productions for 20th Television.

The series was first made by Seth MacFarlane, the creator of Family Guy, as well as two  former Family Guy writers, Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman. The first episode aired in the United States on Fox on February 6, 2005, thirty minutes after the end of Super Bowl XXXIX. The regular series began May 1, 2005, after the season premiere of Family Guy.

The series follows the events of CIA agent Stan Smith and his family.  Stan Smith is a CIA agent who is very patriotic, as well as being part of the Christian right.  Stan tries to be in charge of the family, but often the things he does don't work out.  Stan has a wife, Francine, and two kids, Hayley and Steve.  Hayley (Haylee) is in college and is much more liberal than her father.  Steve is in high school and is always dreaming about girls.  Rounding out the family is Klaus, a talking fish with a German athlete's brain; and Roger Smith the Alien. The show moved to TBS in 2014.

Voice Cast
 Seth MacFarlane as Stan Smith, Roger Smith, Additional Voices
 Wendy Schaal as Francine Smith
 Rachael MacFarlane as Hayley Smith, Additional Voices
 Scott Grimes as Steve Smith
 Dee Bradley Baker as Klaus, Additional Voices
 Kevin Michael Richardson as Principal Luis Brown, Additional Voices
 Patrick Stewart as Avery Bullock
 Jeff Fischer as Jeff Fischer

 
2005 American television series debuts
2000s American animated television series
2010s American animated television series
Adult animated television series
Adult Swim
2020s American animated television series
2010s American sitcoms
Fox television series
English-language television programs
Mirepoix, Gers

Mirepoix  is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.

Geography

Population

References
INSEE

Communes in Gers
Landon Donovan

Landon Donovan (born 4 March 1982) is a former American soccer player. He played for the Los Angeles Galaxy and United States national team, and was the captain for both of them. 
He is the former captain of The Los Angeles Galaxy and USMNT.

Donovan is the leader of assists for the US national team, and also the second place for most appearances (caps).

Club career statistics 

|-
|2001||rowspan="4"|San Jose Earthquakes||rowspan="4"|Major League Soccer||22||7
|-
|2002||20||7
|-
|2003||22||12
|-
|2004||23||6

|-
|2004/05||Bayer Leverkusen||Bundesliga||7||0

|-
|2005||rowspan="4"|Los Angeles Galaxy||rowspan="4"|Major League Soccer||22||12
|-
|2006||24||13
|-
|2007||25||8
|-
|2008||25||20

|-
|2008/09||Bayern Munich||Bundesliga||6||0

|-
|2009||Los Angeles Galaxy||Major League Soccer||25||12

|-
|2009/10||Everton||Premier League||10||2

|-
|2010||Los Angeles Galaxy||Major League Soccer||||
208||96
13||0
10||2
231||98
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|2000||1||1
|-
|2001||8||0
|-
|2002||20||6
|-
|2003||15||7
|-
|2004||14||5
|-
|2005||15||6
|-
|2006||11||0
|-
|2007||12||9
|-
|2008||9||3
|-
|2009||15||5
|-
|2010||8||3
|-
|2011||10||1
|-
|2012||6||3
|-
|2013||10||8
|-
|2014||3||0
|-
!Total||157||57
|}

References 

1982 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Coriander

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) (also known as cilantro, Chinese parsley, or dhania) is a herb from the Apiaceae family. Coriander is originally from the southwestern Asia across to north Africa. 

In the Sri Lankan Sinhalese language, it is called koththamuhlli. It is believed to have medicinal qualities, and is brewed and drunk to cure the common cold and fever.

References

Apiaceae
Herbs
Spices
Brad Friedel

Brad Friedel (born May 18, 1971) is an American soccer player. He has played for United States national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1994/95||Brøndby||Superliga||10||0||||||||||||||10||0

|-
|1995/96||Galatasaray||Süper Lig||30||0||7||0||||||||||37||0

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Columbus Crew||rowspan="2"|Major League Soccer||9||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||12||0
|-
|1997||29||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||0

|-
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Liverpool||rowspan="3"|Premier League||11||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|1998/99||12||0||0||0||2||0||2||0||16||0
|-
|1999/00||2||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="8"|Blackburn Rovers||First Division||27||0||6||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="7"|Premier League||36||0||3||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|-
|2002/03||37||0||3||0||3||0||4||0||47||0
|-
|2003/04||36||1||1||0||1||0||2||0||40||1
|-
|2004/05||38||0||7||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|-
|2005/06||38||0||2||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||46||0
|-
|2006/07||38||0||6||0||1||0||8||0||53||0
|-
|2007/08||38||0||1||0||3||0||5||0||47||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Aston Villa||rowspan="2"|Premier League||38||0||3||0||0||0||5||0||46||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
10||0||||||||||||||10||0
30||0||7||0||||||||||37||0
38||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||45||0
351||1||32||0||24||0||26||0||433||0
429||1||46||0||24||0||26||0||525||0
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1992||1||0
|-
|1993||16||0
|-
|1994||10||0
|-
|1995||9||0
|-
|1996||7||0
|-
|1997||10||0
|-
|1998||4||0
|-
|1999||3||0
|-
|2000||6||0
|-
|2001||6||0
|-
|2002||9||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
!Total||82||0
|}

References

1971 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sportspeople from Ohio
Association football goalkeepers
People from Lakewood, Ohio
Nílton Santos

Nílton Santos (16 May 1925 – 27 November 2013) was a Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team. Considered as one of the best defenders of all time.

Santos died from respiratory failure caused by a lung infection on 27 November 2013, aged 88, in Rio de Janeiro.

International career statistics

|-
|1949||1||0
|-
|1950||4||0
|-
|1951||0||0
|-
|1952||5||0
|-
|1953||6||1
|-
|1954||7||0
|-
|1955||2||0
|-
|1956||11||0
|-
|1957||8||0
|-
|1958||8||1
|-
|1959||2||0
|-
|1960||8||0
|-
|1961||3||0
|-
|1962||10||1
|-
!Total||75||3
|}

References

1925 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro
DaMarcus Beasley

DaMarcus Beasley (born May 24 1982 in Fort Wayne, Indiana) is an American soccer player. He plays for Rangers of the Scottish Football League and United States national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|2000||rowspan="5"|Chicago Fire||rowspan="5"|Major League Soccer||18||2||5||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||2
|-
|2001||24||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||27||2
|-
|2002||19||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||20||3
|-
|2003||21||7||4||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||25||9
|-
|2004||15||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||0

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||29||6||1||1||colspan="2"|-||12||4||42||11
|-
|2005/06||27||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0||34||4

|-
|2006/07||Manchester City||Premier League||18||3||4||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||4

|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Rangers||rowspan="3"|Premier League||11||2||1||1||1||0||8||2||21||5
|-
|2008/09||10||0||1||0||1||0||0||0||12||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
97||14||13||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||110||16
56||10||3||1||colspan="2"|-||17||4||76||15
18||3||4||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||4
21||2||2||1||2||0||8||2||33||5
192||29||22||5||2||0||25||6||241||40
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|2001||3||0
|-
|2002||12||3
|-
|2003||12||1
|-
|2004||14||4
|-
|2005||13||4
|-
|2006||7||0
|-
|2007||11||3
|-
|2008||10||2
|-
|2009||7||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||89||17
|}

References 

1982 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sportspeople from Indiana
People from Fort Wayne, Indiana
Alecko Eskandarian

Alecko Eskandarian is an American football player. He plays for Chivas USA and United States national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="4"|DC United||rowspan="4"|Major League Soccer||23||3
|-
|2004||24||10
|-
|2005||12||0
|-
|2006||22||7
|-
|2007||Toronto||Major League Soccer||6||1
|-
|2007||Real Salt Lake||Major League Soccer||17||1
|-
|2008||Chivas USA||Major League Soccer||||
104||22
104||22
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2003||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

American soccer players
Sportspeople from New Jersey
1982 births
Living people
Smash Hits

Smash Hits was a pop music based magazine. It was made for children and young teenagers. The magazine was first published in the United Kingdom. It ran from 1978 to 2006 and was issued fortnightly for most of that time. The name survives as a brand for a related spin-off digital television channel, digital radio station, and website which have survived the end of the printed magazine.

Music magazines
Radio
Websites
British television channels
Liga I

Liga I (previously called Divizia A) is the top division association football league in Romania.

Club 2017–18

Results

Other websites 

 Romanian Professional Football League official website
 Results and statistics since 1932

References 

Football leagues
Football in Romania
1909 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Romania
Data integrity

Data integrity is a term used in computer science and telecommunications that can mean:
 Making sure that data is "whole" or complete.
 The conditions by which data are maintained during any operation (such as transfer, storage or retrieval).
 The correct storage of data for further use.
 The rules for measuring data quality. 

Simply, data integrity is to make sure that data is "consistent" and "correct".

Computer science
Communication
Cryptosystem

There are two different meanings of the word cryptosystem. 
 One is used by the cryptographic community.
 The other is a general meaning which is how the word cryptosystem is understood by the public.

General meaning 

In this meaning, the term cryptosystem is used as shorthand,  or as an abbreviation for "cryptographic system". A cryptographic system is any computer system that involves cryptography. Such systems include for instance, a system for secure electronic mail which might include methods for digital signatures, cryptographic hash functions, key management techniques, and so on.

Meaning in the cryptographic community 

In this meaning, a cryptosystem refers to a set of algorithms needed to implement a method of encryption and decryption. 

Typically, a cryptosystem consists of three algorithms: 
 Key generation algorithm.
 Encryption algorithm.
 Decryption algorithm.  

The term cipher (sometimes cypher) is often used to refer to a pair of (encryption/decryption) algorithms. Therefore, the term "cryptosystem" is most often used when the key generation algorithm is important.  For this reason, the term "cryptosystem" is commonly used to refer to public key techniques; however both "cipher" and "cryptosystem" are used for symmetric key techniques.

"Cryptographic system" vs. "cryptosystem" 

The Internet Security Glossary RFC 2828 advises against using the term "cryptosystem", giving the following definitions.
cryptosystem
(D) ISDs SHOULD NOT use this term as an abbreviation for cryptographic system. (For justification, see: crypto.)
crypto
ISDs SHOULD NOT use this abbreviated term because it may be misunderstood. Instead, use "cryptography" or "cryptographic".

References

Cryptography
Serpent (cipher)

Serpent is a  symmetric key block cipher which was the second finalist in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) contest after Rijndael. Serpent was designed by Ross Anderson, Eli Biham, and Lars Knudsen.

Serpent has a block size of 128 bits and supports a key size of 128, 192 or 256 bits. The cipher is a 32-round substitution-permutation network operating on a block of four 32-bit words.  Each round applies one of eight 4-bit by 4-bit S-boxes 32 times in parallel. Serpent was designed so that all operations can be executed in parallel, using 32 1-bit slices.  This maximizes parallelism, but also allows use of the extensive cryptanalysis work performed on DES.

Serpent was widely viewed as a more traditional approach to security than the other AES finalists choosing a larger security margin: the designers estimated 16 rounds to be sufficient against known types of attack, but specified 32 rounds as insurance against future progress in cryptanalysis.

The Serpent cipher has not been patented. It is completely placed in the public domain and can be freely used by anyone.

Rijndael vs. Serpent
Rijndael is a substitution-linear transformation network with 10, 12, or 14 rounds, depending on the key size, and with block sizes of 128 bits, 192 bits, or 256 bits, independently specified.Serpent is a substitution-linear transformation network which has 32 rounds, plus an initial and a final permutation to simplify an optimized implementation. 
The round function in Rijndael consists of: a nonlinear layer, a linear mixing layer, and a key-mixing XOR layer.The round function in Serpent consists of: key-mixing XOR, thirty-two parallel process of the same 4x4 S-box, and a linear transformation, except in the last round, in which another key-mixing XOR replaces the linear transformation. 
The nonlinear layer in Rijndael uses an 8x8 S-box.The nonlinear layer in Serpent uses 8 different 4x4 S-boxes.

The 32 rounds make Serpent more secure than Rijndael; however, Rijndael with 10 rounds is faster and easier to implement for small Block ciphers and on embedded system. For that reason, Rijndael was selected as the winner in the AES competition.

Security
The XSL attack, if effective and would weaken Serpent (though not as much as it would weaken Rijndael, which became AES). However, many cryptanalysts believe that if implementations considered to overcome the XSL attack, the XSL attack would be more difficult than a brute force attack.

Other websites
 Serpent homepage
 SCAN's entry for Serpent
 In Pellicano Case, Lessons in Wiretapping Skills NYTimes May 5 2008

Cryptography