cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Aaron Ekblad

Aaron Ekblad (born February 7, 1996) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL).

He has also played for the Team Canada junior team. He won a gold medal with them during the 2015 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. He suffered a concussion in an exhibition game against the Czech Republic in December 2014.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Ekblad played 3 seasons with the Barrie Colts of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He was drafted with the 1st overall pick by the Florida Panthers in the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

On September 3, the Panthers signed Ekblad to a three-year, entry-level contract. Ekblad made the Panthers' opening night roster for the 2014–15 season. He made his NHL debut on October 9 in a game against the Tampa Bay Lightning. During the game, Ekblad scored his first career NHL point, an assist on a Jonathan Huberdeau goal in a 3–2 overtime loss. On November 1, he scored his first NHL goal against Steve Mason of the Philadelphia Flyers in a 2–1 Panthers win.

On December 6, Ekblad scored a career-high three points in a 3–2 win against the Buffalo Sabres. He was given the first star of the game. On January 23, 2015, he was chosen to play in the 2015 NHL All-Star Game to replace an injured Erik Johnson.

On June 24, 2015, Ekblad was announced as the Calder Memorial Trophy winner.

References

Other websites

1996 births
Calder Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Sportspeople from Ontario
Ontario Hockey League players
Kim Kielsen

Kim Kielsen (born 30 November 1966) is a Greenlandic politician. He is the Prime Minister of Greenland and the leader of the Siumut party since 2014.

References

1966 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Prime Ministers of Greenland
Longyearbyen

Longyearbyen is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of Svalbard, Norway. As of 2013, the town had a population of 2,043.

Climate
Because Longyearbyen is quite far north, it has very long daylight hours during the summer, and very short daylight hours in the winter. It has midnight sun between 19 April and 25 August. Longyearbyen has polar night between 27 October and 15 February. It is milder than other places at the same latitude, due to warming from the sea. This means that surprisingly high temperatures can occur. For example, Longyearbyen reached almost into double figures Celsius on 30 January 1984. The warmest recorded temperature was as high as  on 17 July 1977. The coldest temperature was a very cold  on 4 March 1986. Longyearbyen is badly affected by global warming, due to its Arctic position. On 1 August 2015, a record August temperature of  was recorded.

References

Geography of Norway
Broad-billed moa

The broad-billed moa or coastal moa (Euryapteryx curtus) was an extinct moa from New Zealand. It lived in the North and the South Islands and on Stewart Island.

The coastal moa mainly lived in dry shrubland areas. It was lived almost all over North Island. The dominant species lived in the center, the volcanic plateau and along the Wanganui-Taranaki Coast.

The birds were fat and short-legged. Males were about a meter tall. Females were a little bit taller (1.3 meters). They varied in size, some were even twice as big as others. They weighed about 20 kg. It is thought that they mainly ate fruit, leaves and large insects. Chicks ate insects.

It is thought that because coastal moas (among others) had a small olfactory chamber, they had great vocal abilities.

References

Other websites 
 New Zealand birds website: Coastal Moa

Birds of New Zealand
Flightless birds
Bush moa

The bush moa or lesser moa (Anomalopteryx didiformis) is an extinct bird from New Zealand. It was about 1 meter long. It weighed about 30 kilograms. It lived all over New Zealand.

The bush moa had a sharp beak. It could not fly. It is thought that it ate twigs and other tough plant material.

The bush moa had predators such as the Haast's eagle and Eyles' harrier. All bush moas died 500-600 years ago, after humans came to New Zealand.

References

Birds of New Zealand
Ratites
Extinct species
Rani Mukherji

Rani Mukerji (born 21 March 1978) is an Indian actress active in Bollywood. She has won 7 Filmfare awards.

Selected filmography 

 Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998)
 Saathiya  (2002)
 Yuva (2004)
 Hum Tum (2004)
 Veer-Zaara (2004)
 Black (2005)
 Bunty Aur Babli (2005)
 Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna (2022)
 No One Killed Jessica (2011)
 Talaash: The Answer Lies Within (2012)
 Mardaani (2014)
 Hichki (2018)

References

1978 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Agrahari

Agrahari is an Indian surname, mainly found in North Indian states. Maharaja Agrasen is believed to be their ancestor. The mainly found in Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra and Gujarat of States of India. They are believed to be Vaishya, the third highest community as per Hindu Caste System.

References 

Surnames
Agrasena

Maharaja Agrasen (or Agrasena) was a legendary Indian king of Agroha in India. This was a city of traders from whom the cities of Agrawal and Agrahari descend. He started a kingdom of traders in North India named Agroha. He is known for his compassion in refusing to slaughter animals in yajnas.
The Government of India issued a postage stamp in honour of Maharaja Agresen in 1976 on the occasion of his 410th birthday.

References 

Hindus
Legends
Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire

are two 2014 Role-playing video games published by The Pokémon Company and developed by Game Freak. It was released for the Nintendo 3DS. Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire were released on November 21, 2014 in Japan, North America, and Australia. It was released on November 28, 2014 in Europe. The games are a remake of the 2002 Game Boy Advance games Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire.

A trailer for the game was shown at Nintendo's 2014 E3 video. The trailer included new gameplay footage, as well as, the new playable character designs and new Mega Evolutions for Sceptile and Swampert that were not in X and Y like Blaziken was.

Reception
Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire were given positive review. IGN rated the game a 7.8 out of 10. Kallie Plagge of IGN sai that she liked the 3D reinvention of the Hoenn region and online functionality. She was critical of the HMs needed to play the game and the perceived imbalance that favored Water-type Pokémon (she played Alpha Sapphire). She said that "Too much water" was a negative. GameSpot rated the game 8 out of 10. Peter Brown of GameSpot said that he liked the 3D visuals and the super training mechanic but didn't think that the game did not fix general issues in the game formula.

As of June 30, 2015, Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire have sold 10.27 million copies worldwide.

References

Other websites
Official website 
Official website (International)

2014 video games
Nintendo 3DS games
Pokémon RPGs
Video game remakes
Video games developed in Japan
Wesley Augustus Williams

Wesley Augustus Williams (August 26, 1897 - July 3, 1984) was the first African-American officer in the New York City Fire Department. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1927. He was the third African-American man to join the New York Fire Department. He was one of the founders of the Vulcan Society in 1940.

Biography
He was born on August 26, 1897 to James Henry Williams (1879-1948) and Lucy Metrash (1881-1932) in Manhattan, New York City.

He wanted to join the New York City Fire Department when he read about Samuel Jesse Battle joining the New York City police department. The first African-American to join the New York City Fire Department was William H. Nicholson, who joined in 1898. Williams had a very high score on his written test. He scored perfect on his physical examination. All firefighter candidates must have a character reference. His was written by former U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt. Even so he was put on the waiting list while others were hired ahead of him. Williams finally joined on January 10, 1919. He was assigned to Engine Company 55 in Manhattan, New York City. Williams was promoted to lieutenant in 1927.

He died on July 3, 1984 at the Physicians Hospital in Forest Hills, New York City, he was 86 years old.

References

Other websites 
Wesley Augustus Williams at Find-a-Grave 

1897 births 
1984 deaths
African-American people
Firefighters
People from Manhattan
David Willcocks

Sir David Valentine Willcocks CBE, MC (30 December 1919 – 17 September 2015) was a British choral conductor, organist, composer and music administrator. He was born in Newquay, Cornwall. He was particularly well known for his works with the Choir of King's College, Cambridge. He directed from 1957 to 1974.

Other websites
 Interview with Sir David Willcocks by Bruce Duffie, January 22, 1989

1919 births
2015 deaths
British conductors
English composers
Entertainers from Cornwall
Organists
Milo Hamilton

Leland Milo Hamilton (September 2, 1927 – September 17, 2015) was an American sportscaster. He was best known for calling play-by-play for seven different Major League Baseball teams since 1953. He received the Ford Frick Award from the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1992. He was known for his works with the Atlanta Braves, Houston Rockets, Pittsburgh Pirates and the Chicago Cubs. He was born in Fairfield, Iowa.

Hamilton died in Houston, Texas from leukemia, aged 88.

References

1927 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Sportspeople from Iowa
Adam Purple

Adam Purple (David Lloyd Wilkie; November 10, 1930 – September 15, 2015) was an American environmentalist. He was known for being an activist for defending gardens in New York City. He helped save a well known garden in New York's Lower East Side.

Purple died of a heart attack while riding his bike across the Williamsburg Bridge in New York City, aged 84.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American activists
People from Missouri
People from New York City
Harry J. Lipkin

Harry Jeannot Lipkin (June 16, 1921 in New York City − September 15, 2015 in Rehovot), also known as Zvi Lipkin, was an Israeli theoretical physicist. He was known for working in nuclear physics and elementary particle physics. He won the Wigner Medal.

References

1921 births
2015 deaths
American physicists
Israeli academics
Israeli Jews
Israeli physicists
Jewish academics
Jewish American scientists
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Scientists from New York City
Miriam Margolyes

Miriam Margolyes  (born 18 May 1941) is an English people-Australian actress. She is best known for her role as Professor Sprout in the Harry Potter movie series. She also appeared appeared in the movies The Age of Innocence (1993), which won her a BAFTA Award, Babe (1995), and Babe: Pig in the City (1998). She has appeared in television series such as Merlin, Doc Martin and The Sarah Jane Adventures.

Margolyes was born in Oxford, Oxfordshire. She was the daughter of Ruth (née Walters; 1905–1974), a property investor and developer, and Joseph Margolyes (1899–1996), a Scottish physician from Glasgow. She was grew up in a Jewish family and her ancestors are from Poland and Belarus. She is a lesbian and has been with her partner Heather for over forty years. She has also been an Australian citizen since 2013.

Filmography

Animated roles
 American Dad! - Margaret Thatcher
 Family Guy - Maggie Smith's Right Eye
 The Fool of the World and the Flying Ship - Mother, Mrs. Forester
 Tinga Tinga Tales - Giraffe and Squirrel

Live action roles
 The Water Margin - Hu San-niang

Film roles
 Babe - Fly
 Babe: Pig in the City - Fly
 Balto - Additional Voices
 Early Man - Queen Oofeefa
 Electric Dreams - Ticket Girl
 Flushed Away - Rita's Grandma
 Happy Feet - Mrs. Astrakhan
 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets - Professor Pomona Sprout
 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 - Professor Pomona Sprout
 Immortal Beloved - Nanette Streicherová
 James and the Giant Peach - Glowworm (speaking)
 Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole - Mrs. Plithiver
 Little Shop of Horrors - Dental Nurse
 The Man Who Invented Christmas - Mrs. Fisk
 Maya the Bee Movie - Queen
 Mulan - Matchmaker
 Pacific Heights - Realtor
 Romeo + Juliet - The Nurse
 Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island - Mrs. Krepnick
 The Thief and the Cobbler - Maiden from Mombassa
 Valhalla - Elda, Mother, Sif
 Yentl - Sarah

References

Other websites

 

1941 births
Living people
Actors from Oxfordshire
Australian Jews
Australian LGBT people
Australian movie actors
Australian stage actors
Australian television actors
Australian voice actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
English LGBT people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Jewish British actors
Lesbian Jews
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Magda Szubanski

Magdalene Mary "Magda" Szubanski (born 12 April 1961) is an English-born Australian actress, comedian, television presenter, radio host, author and LGBT rights advocate. She is best known for playing Sharon Strzelecki in the television comedy show Kath & Kim. She also portrayed Esme Hoggett in the movie Babe (1995) and its sequel Babe: Pig in the City (1998).

Szubanski was born in Liverpool, Lancashire. She is of Polish, Irish and Scottish ancestry. She moved to Melbourne, Victoria with her family in 1965. She came out as lesbian in 2012.

References

Other websites

 

1961 births
Living people
Actors from Liverpool
Actors from Melbourne
Australian comedians
Australian LGBT people
Australian movie actors
Australian radio personalities
Australian stage actors
Australian television actors
Australian television presenters
Lesbians
LGBT comedians
Writers from Victoria (Australia)
Chesney Hawkes

Cheesy Lee Hawkes (born 22 September 1971) is an English singer, musician and actor. He was born in Windsor, Berkshire. He had a hit record "The One and Only". It was number 1 for five weeks in 1991. He starred in the movie Buddy's Song along with Roger Daltrey.

References 

 
1971 births
Living people
Actors from Berkshire
English guitarists
English pop singers
Musicians from Berkshire
Windsor, Berkshire
Øvre Årdal

Øvre Årdal is a village near Årdal in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.  It is the largest village in Årdal.  It is sits on the northern end of the  long lake Årdalsvatnet. The village of Årdalstangen is at the southern end. The  village has a population (2013) of 3,206. This gives the village a population density of . Farnes Church is in this village.

The road Tindevegen goes from Øvre Årdal, through the Fardalen valley to Turtagrø in Luster municipality.  It's one of the highest elevation roads in Norway.  There is also a road which goes south past the lake Tyin to the European route E16 highway which goes through Valdres to Oslo.

Øvre Årdal is the starting point for tours into the nearby Utladalen Landscape Protection Area and Jotunheimen National Park.  There are trips to the Utladalen and Avdalen valleys, to the mountain Falketind and to the Vettisfossen waterfall. There are also trips to the historic farms of Vetti, Vettismorki, and Avdalen.

Norsk Hydro has an aluminium smelting plant which is a major employer in the area.

Årdal FK is an association football club. They play at Jotun stadium in Øvre Årdal.

References

Other websites
 
 Årdal Sogelag 
 Porten.no 
 Tindevegen 

Settlements in Norway
Geography of Norway
Färila

Färila is a locality in Ljusdal Municipality in Gävleborg County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,293 people lived there. Färila is in a valley next to the river of Ljusnan.

References 

Settlements in Gavleborg County
William H. Nicholson

William H. Nicholson (1869-1911) was the first African American fireman in the New York City Fire Department. He was assigned to Engine Company 6 and detailed to the veterinary department to feed the horses and shovel manure.

References

1869 births 
1911 deaths
African-American people
Firefighters
Mario Benjamín Menéndez

Mario Benjamín Menéndez (3 April 1930 – 18 September 2015) was an Argentine military officer. He was a Brigadier General of the Argentine Army. After the 1982 Argentine occupation, he served as Governor of the Falkland Islands from 3 April until 14 June. He surrendered to British forces during the Falkland Wars.

Menéndez was born in Buenos Aires. His brother was Luciano Benjamín Menéndez (1927–2018), a general of the Dirty War.

Menéndez died on 18 September 2015 at the age of 85.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
Argentine generals
Argentine politicians
People from Buenos Aires
Logan City

Logan City is a city and local government area in south east Queensland, Australia. Logan City has 63 suburbs and 12 divisions, and, as of 2012, 293,353 live in there.

The city was named after Patrick Logan.

Other websites

 

Brisbane
Cities in Queensland
Vadim Kuzmin

Vadim Alexeevich Kuzmin (; 16 April 1937 – 17 September 2015) was a Russian theoretical physicist, meaning he worked on using mathematical processes to develop the theories used to explain data. He was known for working in the elektroweak baryogenesis field.

Other websites
Homepage at the INR, Russian
Kuzmin's 70th birthday
Biographical entry with photograph
2006 Pomeranchuk Prize 

1937 births
2015 deaths
Russian academics
People from Moscow
Russian theoretical physicists
Mishael Cheshin

Mishael Cheshin (‎; February 16, 1936 – September 19, 2015) was an Israeli Justice. He served in the Supreme Court of Israel from 1992 to 2006.

Before becoming a judge he was working at the Justice Ministry.

Cheshin was born in Beirut and died at the age of 79 from cancer in Tel Aviv.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
Civil servants
Israeli Jews
Judges
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Beirut
Fired Up (Alesha Dixon album)

Fired Up is the debut studio album by  British recording artist Alesha Dixon. The album was recorded after Dixon's group Mis-Teeq had split up. Dixon signed a deal with Polydor Records. Her single "Lipstick" reached number 14 on the UK chart. Her next single with Polydor, "Knockdown" failed to reach the Top 40 (it reached number 45). Dixon left Polydor afterwards but kept the rights to her songs from the album. Fired Up was finally released as a CD in Japan in 2008. The album was billed as just Alesha instead of using Dixon's full name.

Information
For the album, Dixon worked with many known UK songwriters including Richard X and Xenomania.

Track listing

Charts

Release history

References

2006 albums
2008 albums
Debut albums
Alesha Dixon albums
Hip hop soul albums
Reggae albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Anoka, Minnesota

Anoka ( ) is a city in Anoka County, Minnesota. The population was 17,142 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat. Anoka calls itself the "Halloween Capital of the World". This is because it hosted one of the first Halloween parades in 1920. It continues to celebrate the holiday each year with several parades. Anoka is a northern suburb of the Twin Cities.

References 

Cities in Minnesota
County seats in Minnesota
The Entertainer (Alesha Dixon album)

The Entertainer is the third studio album by English recording artist Alesha Dixon. It was released on 26 November 2010 in the United Kingdom by Asylum Records. It was released by Atlantic Records in the United States. The album was originally called Unleashed but was renamed to The Entertainer instead. The Entertainer was the second album that Dixon used her first name instead of her full name. The first was 2006's Fired Up. Dixon also rapped on some of the songs. The album has an American precision pop beat feel to it. It is a club record with the same kind of songs Britney and Lady GaGa love to sing.

Track listing

References

2010 albums
Alesha Dixon albums
Dance albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Mauritian Creole

Mauritian Creole is a French-based creole language. It is spoken in Mauritius. It is not an official language but is well known among the Mauritian people. It is mostly French with a few non-French words. Mauritian Creole is spoken in over 65% of Mauritius.

Languages of Africa
Creole
Pidgins and creoles
I Am (Leona Lewis album)

I Am is the fifth studio album by British recording artist Leona Lewis. It was released on 11 September 2015, by Island Records after Lewis left Syco Music in June 2014, she had been with that label ever since she had won The X Factor in 2006.

Track listing

 denotes co-producer

Charts

Release history

References

2015 albums
Leona Lewis albums
Pop albums
Neo soul albums
R&B albums
Reverend Lovejoy

Reverend Timothy Lovejoy is  a fictional character on the long running TV show The Simpsons. His voice is performed by Harry Shearer. He is the reverend of The First Church of Springfield.

History

Name 

Reverend Lovejoy was named after Lovejoy St. in Portland, Oregon, the hometown of Simpsons creator Matt Groening.

Role in The Simpsons 
Lovejoy is the pastor of the First Church in Springfield.

Other websites
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1990
Janet Jackson (album)

Janet Jackson is the self-titled debut album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released on September 21, 1982, by A&M Records.

Reviews

Janet Jackson received mixed reviews from music critics.

Track listing

References

1982 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Pop soul albums
Funk albums
R&B albums
Minnesota Senate

The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the Minnesota Legislature of the U.S. State of Minnesota. There are 67 members, each representing a senatorial district. Each senator represents about 79,163 residents. In terms of membership, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

Offices of members of the majority party are located in the Capitol. Those of the minority party are in the State Office Building. It is connected by a tunnel just to the west of the Capitol. Senate committee meetings are held in the Capitol building.

References 

Minnesota
State government in the United States
Aaron B. Rollins

Aaron B. Rollins (1818 - December 4, 1878) was a politician connected to the Tammany Hall political machine. He served in New York's legislature in 1852. He was later elected coroner for New York City from 1867 to 1870.

Biography
Rollins was born in 1818. He died on December 4, 1878 at the Union-Place Hotel in Manhattan.

References

US Democratic Party politicians
Politicians from New York
1818 births
People from New York City
1878 deaths
Masajuro Shiokawa

was a Japanese politician.

Shiokawa served as Parliamentary Vice Minister of International Trade and Industry from 1972 to 1973, Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary from 1976 to 1977, Commerce and Industry Committee Chairman from 1979 to 1980, Minister of Transport from 1980 to 1981 (under Prime Minister Zenko Suzuki), Minister of Education from 1986 to 1987 (under PM Yasuhiro Nakasone), Chief Cabinet Secretary for three months in 1989 (under PM Sōsuke Uno), and Minister of Home Affairs from 1991 to 1992.

Shiokawa died of pneumonia in Osaka, Japan, aged 93.

References

1921 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Japanese politicians
Civil servants
People from Osaka Prefecture
Eduardo Bonvallet

Eduardo Guillermo Bonvallet Godoy (January 13, 1955 – September 18, 2015), was a Chilean footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder and later developed a TV and radio sports commentator career.

Bonvallet was found dead by hanging using a belt at Nogales Hotel in the kitchen of room 213. Local news report he was suffering from depression.

References

1955 births
2015 deaths
Suicides by hanging
Chilean footballers

People from Santiago
Medical Society of New Jersey

The Medical Society of New Jersey is the oldest professional society in the United States. It was founded in 1766.

References

Organizations based in the United States
1766 establishments
1760s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
Bruce Djite

Bruce José Djité (born 25 March 1987) is a retired American-born Australian soccer player. He last played in Indonesia for PSM Makassar. He also played for the Australian national team as a striker.

Djite was born in Washington, D.C., United States. His father is from the Ivory Coast and his mother is from Togo. He moved to Sydney, New South Wales when he was three years old. Djite speaks French and English.

References

Other websites

 

1987 births
Living people
Australian footballers
Sportspeople from Sydney
Sportspeople from Washington, D.C.
Takeshi Onaga

was a Japanese politician. He was the Governor of Okinawa Prefecture from 10 December 2014 to his death in 2018. Before this, he served four terms as the Mayor of Naha from November 2000 until December 2014.

Onaga died on 8 August 2018 from pancreatic cancer, aged 67.

References

1950 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Mayors
Governors of Japanese prefectures
People from Okinawa Prefecture
Peter Varghese

Peter Joseph Noozhumurry Varghese  (born 1956) is an Australian diplomat and public servant. He has been the Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade since 3 December 2012.

Varghese was born in Kenya to Nasrani parents from Kerala, India. He moved to Australia as a child in 1964. He studied history and graduated from the University of Queensland. He is married and has a son.

References

1956 births
Living people
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Civil servants
Australian diplomats
Order of Australia
Rostam Giv

Rostam Giv or Arbab Rostam Giv (  alternative spellings: Rustam Guiv) (1880, Yazd, Iran  - October 7 1980, Whittier, California),  was the founder of Giv charity foundation. He was the third representative of Iranian Zoroastrians in the Iranian parliament. He was also a senator of the Iranian Senate.

Life 
Giv was born in 1888 in Yazd. His mother's name was Kharman. His father's name was Shahpour.

Giv completed his elementary education at Kay Khosravi school. He learned English language in Yazd. He was elected as the Zoroastrians' Representative in the Iranian National Assembly after Keikhosrow Shahrokh died in 1939.
He founded "Giv's Charity foundation" in 1958 for supporting needy people. He was also selected as a senator in the Iranian Senate in 1963 because of his charity works for the Iranian people.

Rostam Bagh 
Rostam Bagh, is a big garden in Tehran Pars Street in Tehran.  Arbab Rostam was built in 1957 for Living Zoroastrian's Needy Family. This garden covers about , including residential buildings, a meeting hall, two schools, a sports ground, a library and a fire temple.

Building water reservoir 
Making a water reservoir in Yazd, which has 4000 cubic meter capacity and provides clean and safe water for people is another one of Giv's charity works.

Building schools 
Giv has built schools for Iranian children. He built Giv's elementary school, Ostad Khdobabakhsh elementary school and Ostad pour-Davood elementary school for boys and girls in Tehran. He donated  of land to Iran's Ministry of Education in Damavand County.

Endowments outside Iran 
A few months before the Iranian revolution, Rostam and his wife immigrated to the United States and he founded his charity foundations. They donated 4 million dollars for building Zoroastrian charities in all of the world.

They built Charity Buildings for Zoroastrians in New York, Chicago, Toronto, Vancouver and Sydney.

Gallery

Related pages 
 Keikhosrow Shahrokh

References

Other websites 
 Darbe Mehr Zoroastrian Temple In NY
 The making of Chicago's Darbe Mehr 

Zoroastrians
1888 births
1980 deaths
Iranian politicians
Radio City Cinema

Radio City was an Iranian cinema that was opened on 18 September 1958 in Tehran.

The design of this cinema was preformed by Heydar Ghiai, who was known as a pioneer of modern architecture in Iran. This Cinema was closed after 1979 Iranian Islamic revolution.

References

Tehran
Buildings and structures in Iran
Theatres
1958 establishments in Asia
1979 disestablishments
20th-century establishments in Iran
1970s disestablishments in Asia
Keikhosrow Shahrokh

Keikhosrow Shahrokh (Kerman, Iran, 1864  – 1939) was the designer of the mausoleum of Persian poet Ferdowsi in the city of Tus. 

As elected representative of the Zoroastrian community, he was an active member of the Iranian parliament. He is best known for his role in the 1925 transition of the official calendar from the Islamic calendar of hejri ghamarei to the Iranian civil calendar, known as hejri shamsi.

Related pages 
 Qajar dynasty
 Iranian calendar

References

Other websites
 Biography

1864 births
1929 deaths
Zoroastrians
Iranian people
Hippias (tyrant)

Hippias of Athens () lived in Athens in the 6th century BC. He was one of the sons of Peisistratus, the ruler of Athens. Hippias succeeded Peisistratus in 527 BC. and became tyrant of Athens.

His brother Cleisthenes was murdered in 514 BC. Hippias' behavior changed. He became cruel and angry, executing people in revenge, and taking away the freedom of people. He also was afraid of threats from the aristocrats. In the end his uncle Cleisthenes decided to overthrow Hippias and gain power for himself and his family. Hippias was captured and sent into exile, away from Athens forever in 510 BC.

Hippias fled to Persia, and the Persians threatened to attack Athens if they did not accept Hippias. The Athenians preferred to remain democratic despite the danger from Persia. Soon after, the Ionian Revolt against Persian rule began in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor. It was put down in 494 BC, but Darius I of Persia was keen to punish Athens for its role in the revolt. In 490 BC Hippias, still in the service of the Persians, led Darius to Marathon, in Greece. The Battle of Marathon  began a series of Greek victories which made Athens and its colonies successful. The next 200 years saw flowering of the classical Greek civilisation.

References 

Ancient Greeks
Ancient Athens
Strelka Institute for Media, Architecture and Design

Strelka Institute for Media, Architecture and Design is an international school for architecture located in Moscow, Russia. The institute works with students from all around the world to solve problems relating to urbanism and urban development. The institute is a nonprofit project by the Russian government. It began in 2009. In 2014 the institute won a prize from the Domus Magazine for the top 100 best schools of architecture of that year.

Other websites 
  Strelka institut

Colleges and universities in Russia
Buildings and structures in Moscow
Architecture
Urban planning
United States National Arboretum

United States National Arboretum is the national arboretum of the United States. It is located in Washington, D.C.

Related pages
 List of botanical gardens

Other websites 

United States National Arboretum
Friends of the National Arboretum
Save The Azaleas 

Botanical gardens  in the United States
Washington, D.C.
Shadow the Hedgehog

Shadow the Hedgehog is a video game character of the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise. He is a hedgehog created by Gerald Robotnik and Black Doom as the Ultimate Life Form. He first appeared in Sonic Adventure 2.

Shadow's appearances

In games
Here is a list of some games Shadow is in:
 Sonic Adventure 2
 Sonic Adventure 2 Battle
 Sonic Advance
 Sonic Heroes
 Shadow the Hedgehog (game)
 Sonic Rivals
 Sonic the Hedgehog (2006 game)
 Sonic and the Secret Rings
 Sonic and the Black Knight
 Sonic Unleashed
 Sonic and Sega All-Stars Racing
 Mario & Sonic At The Winter Olympic Games
 Sonic Generations
 Mario & Sonic At The London 2012 Olympic Games
 Sonic Boom: Fire and Icev
 Sonic Boom: Rise of Lyricv
 Sonic Boom: Shattered Crystal
 Sonic All-Stars Racing Transformed
 Sonic Lost World
 Sonic Mania
 Sonic Forces

In cartoons

Here is a list of cartoons Shadow is in:
Sonic X
Sonic Boom

Other websites 

Fictional animals
Fictional characters introduced in 2001
Sonic the Hedgehog characters
Chief Wiggum

Chief Clarence "Clancy" Wiggum is a fictional character on the long running TV show The Simpsons. His voice is performed by Hank Azaria. He is the police chief of Springfield.

History

Name 

His surname "Wiggum" is Matt Groening's mother's maiden name.

Role in The Simpsons 
Clancy Wiggum is the police chief of Springfield. He is the father of Ralph Wiggum and the husband of Sarah Wiggum. He is often shown as an incompetent and lazy policeman.

Other websites
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1990
Abraham Simpson

Abraham Jay-Jedediah "Abe" Simpson, known as Grampa Simpson, is a character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta. He first appeared on The Tracey Ullman Show in the Simpson Short "Good Night".

Role in the Simpsons

Family 
He is the father of Homer Simpson and the grandfather of Bart, Lisa and Maggie; he is the husband of Mona Simpson, but later he also has been married for a short time to Amber (a woman that Homer married in Las Vegas too) and to Selma Bouvier, now he's married to Rita LaFleur. He lives in an old folk's home.

Characteristics 

Abe Simpson is a World War II veteran and he often tells long, unlikely and rambling stories about his past. He was married to Mona Simpson for many years until she became a fugitive after she destroyed biological weapons owned by Mr. Burns.
Grampa Simpson has a poor relationship with his son Homer.

References

Other websites
 Grampa Simpson's profile at TheSimpsons.com
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1988
Biological rhythms

Biological rhythms are the repeating cycles of activity which occur in living organisms. The best-known example is the daily of circadian rhythm, which fits the cycle of day and night. Most forms of life have natural rhythms which fit them to natural changes in their environment. Animals are most active in part of the day, and rest or sleep at other times. They may be:
 Diurnal, which describes organisms active during daytime
 Nocturnal,  active in the night
 Crepuscular, active during the dawn and dusk hours

Plants undergo daily cycles as well. Photosynthesis has parts which need light, called light-dependent reactions, and parts which can continue at night (light-independent reactions).

Many other important cycles are also studied, including:
 cycles longer than a day, such as the annual migration or reproduction cycles found in certain animals or the human menstrual cycle.
 cycles shorter than 24 hours, such as the 90-minute REM cycle, the 4-hour nasal cycle, or the 3-hour cycle of growth hormone production.
 Tidal rhythms are often seen in marine life, which follow the roughly 12.4-hour transition from high to low tide and back.
 Lunar rhythms, which follow the lunar month (29.5 days). They are relevant for marine life, as the level of the tides is affected by the lunar cycle. 
 Gene oscillations – some genes are expressed more during certain hours of the day than during other hours.

References 

Physiology
Rapid eye movement sleep

In mammals and birds, sleep can be divided into two categories. In one of them, the eyes move rapidly. This is called REM-sleep (from rapid eye movement). Most dreams take place in this phase. REM-sleep occurs normally at intervals throughout the night. The periods of REM-sleep increase in length in the second half of the night. REM-sleep was first discovered in 195253. The function of REM sleep is not well understood.

Nathaniel Kleitman and his student Eugene Aserinsky defined rapid eye movement and linked it to dreams in 1953. REM sleep was further described by researchers including William Dement and Michel Jouvet.

The other category, where this movement of the eyes does not happen, is called NREM-sleep (Non-REM sleep). Usually, dreams do not occur during this time. There are three or four stages of NREM-sleep. Stage I is just barely sleeping, or dozing. Stage II is also light sleep. Normally, in adult humans, about half of the time spent asleep is spent in light sleep. Stages III and IV are called deep sleep. Deep sleep is necessary for growth and healing. It can be quite difficult to awaken someone who is in stage III or stage IV sleep. Sometimes stages III and IV are combined and called stage III.

Adult humans normally sleep in cycles of 90 to 110 minutes each. The night's sleep can be four or fine of these cycles. Each cycle includes, in this order: stage I, stage II, stage III (IV), stage II and REM.

The fact that birds and mammals both show REM and NREM sleep suggests that the trait evolved before the two groups diverged in their evolution. That suggests that the REM/NREM feature is both early and important in the evolution of land vertebrates.

REM and dreams 
Rapid eye movement sleep is associated with dreaming. Waking up sleepers during a REM phase is a common way to get dream reports. 80% of typical people can give some kind of dream report under these circumstances. Sleepers awakened from REM tend to give longer more narrative descriptions of the dreams they were experiencing. They estimate the duration of their dreams as longer.

Lucid dreams are reported far more often in REM sleep. The mental events which occur during REM usually have dream 'hallmarks' including narrative structure, convincingness (like waking life), and instinctual themes.

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder (more specifically a parasomnia) in which people act out their dreams.

Apart from its present distribution, nothing is known about the evolution of this brain feature, and its function is not exactly known. Experiments on humans suggests they need rem sleep or they get obvious mental deterioration.

References 

Physiology
Sleep
Biblical Museum of Natural History

Biblical Museum of Natural History is a small museum in Beit Shemesh, Israel. It is dedicated to the natural history of the Bible. The museum was established in 2014 by Rabbi Natan Slifkin.

Other websites 
  Biblical Museum of Natural History
 Zoo Torah: The Biblical Museum

Museums in Israel
2014 establishments in Israel
Discipline (Janet Jackson album)

Discipline is the tenth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released by Island Records on February 26, 2008. It was her first album released on Island Records. It is also her last album as she has decided to leave Island Records and release her albums herself. Jackson was unhappy with Island's promotion of the album.

Critical

Dicipline received generally favorable reviews from critics. Metacritic gave it a Metascore of 61.

Track listing

(*) denotes co-producer

Personnel

 Janet Jackson – vocals, background vocals, producer, executive producer, vocal producer
 Judi Acosta-Stewart – production coordination
 Ashaunna Ayars – marketing
 Chuando & Frey – art direction, photography, packaging
 Dave Clauss – assistant engineer
 Fran Cooper – make-up
 Carol Corless – package production
 Ian Cross – mixing assistant, vocal engineer, vocal producer
 LaShawn Daniels – vocal arrangement
 Eric Dawkins – background vocals, vocal arrangement
 Mike Donaldson – engineer, digital editing, effects
 The-Dream – producer
 Jermaine Dupri – producer, executive producer, mixing, vocal producer
 Missy Elliott – rap
 Dernst Emile – guitar, producer, vocal arrangement, instrumentation
 Paul Foley – engineer, mixing
 Brian Gardner – mastering
 Kenneth Goh – stylist
 David Gough – producer
 Kuk Harrell – engineer
 Tor Erik Hermanson – instrumentation
 John Horesco IV – guitar, engineer, vocal engineer
 Josh Houghkirk – engineer
 Kegan Houston – assistant engineer
 Ernie Isley – guitar
 Rodney Jerkins – producer, mixing, instrumentation

 Terese Joseph – A&R
 Doug Joswick – package production
 Daniel Laporte – engineer
 Jaymz Hardy Martin III – engineer
 Diane McDonald – production coordination
 Ne-Yo – co-producer
 No I.D. – producer
 Carlos Oyanedel – assistant
 Dave Pensado – mixing
 R. City – vocals
 J. Peter Robinson – art direction, packaging
 Manuel Seal, Jr. – co-producer, vocal producer
 Telisha Shaw – vocals
 Chris Soper – assistant engineer
 Eric Stamile – co-producer
 Stargate – producers
 Chris "Tricky" Stewart – producer
 Shakir Stewart – A&R
 Phil Tan – mixing, vocal mixing
 Robert Taylor "R.T." – electric guitar
 Angie Teo – assistant engineer
 Brian "B Luv" Thomas – engineer
 Delisha Thomas – vocals
 Pat Thrall – engineer
 Roberto Vazquez – engineer, mixing
 Chris Viecco – vocals
 Brian Woodring – engineer
 Andrew Wuepper – mixing assistant
 Janet Zeitoun – hair stylist

Charts

Weekly charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

References

2008 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Island Records albums
Dance albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
The Monkey's Paw

"The Monkey's Paw" is a supernatural horror short story by William Wymark Jacobs. It was published in 1902, in the book The Lady of the Barge. It is one of the  most famous horror short stories of English literature. It is based on the idea that the holder of a talisman has three wishes. In this case, the talisman is the mummified paw of a monkey. In the story, the wishes are granted, but the results are unexpectedly negative.

The story has been the source for many movies, and a theatre play.

Other websites 
 "The Monkey's Paw"; Full Short Story Text
 Gaslight edition of the story 
 Monkey's Paw Radio Play
 Podcast of "The Monkey's Paw" as read by John Lithgow
 Books That Grow leveled book

English literature
Horror and fiction
Eduardo Menichetti

Eduardo Menichetti Pilas (1950/51 – 8 July 2007) was a Chilean businessman from Santiago. He was best known as the president of the football club Colo-Colo from 1990 to 1995. During his five-year tenure, the club won three Campeonato Nacional titles and three international titles.

Menichetti died from colorectal cancer on 8 July 2007 at the age of 56. His two children survived him.

References

1950s births
2007 deaths
Chilean businesspeople
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Disease-related deaths in Chile
People from Santiago
Alberto Parodi

Alberto Parodi was a Chilean businessman. He was best known as the first president of the football club Colo-Colo from 1925 to 1926.

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Chilean businesspeople
Dedrick D. Gobert

Dedrick D. Gobert (born Dedrick Dwayne Fontenot; November 25, 1971 – November 19, 1994) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles in the John Singleton movies Boyz n the Hood (1991), Poetic Justice (1993), and Higher Learning (1995). He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana.

Gobert was murdered on November 19, 1994 in Mira Loma, California. He was 22.

Other websites
 

1971 births
1994 deaths
Actors from Louisiana
American movie actors
Murdered African-American people
Murders by firearm in California
People from Shreveport, Louisiana
People murdered in California
Jack Larson

Jack Edward Larson (February 8, 1928 – September 20, 2015) was an American actor, librettist, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for his role as Jimmy Olsen in the television series Adventures of Superman (1952–1958). He also appeared in Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and the movie Superman Returns (2006). He retired in 2011.

Larson was born in Los Angeles, California. He grew up in Pasadena, California. He was of Swedish and Russian ancestry. He was gay and his partner of 35 years, director and screenwriter James Bridges, died in 1993.

Larson died on September 20, 2015 in Brentwood, California, aged 87.

References

Other websites
 

1928 births
2015 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
American composers
American movie actors
American playwrights
American television actors
American television producers
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT directors
LGBT producers
LGBT screenwriters
LGBT people from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Actors from Pasadena, California
Screenwriters from Los Angeles
Writers from Pasadena, California
Fred DeLuca

Frederick A. "Fred" DeLuca (October 3, 1947 – September 14, 2015) was an American billionaire businessman. He best known as the co-founder and CEO of the Subway franchise of sandwich shops.

DeLuca was born in Brooklyn, New York to Italian American parents. He was married to Elisabeth from 1965 until his death. They had a son, Jonathan.

DeLuca died from leukemia on September 14, 2015 in Lauderdale Lakes, Florida. He was 67.

References

1947 births
2015 deaths
American billionaires
Businesspeople from New York City
Cancer deaths in Florida
Deaths from leukemia
People from Brooklyn
Review

A review is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company. Popular reviews are about movies, video games, musical compositions or books. Other reviews are about cars, home appliances, or computers. An event or performance like a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition are commonly reviewed. legal case decisions by a lower court may be reviewed by a higher court. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit. Reviews are generally positive, neutral or negative.

Compilation reviews 
A compilation of reviews may itself be called a review. The New York Review of Books, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs. National Review, founded by William F. Buckley, Jr., is an influential conservative magazine. Monthly Review is a long-running socialist periodical. Metacritic creates an average score of published reviews called a metascore.

User reviews 
A user review is one written by someone for a product or a service based on his or her own experience with the reviewed product. Popular sources for consumer reviews are e-commerce sites like Amazon.com or Zappos. Social media sites like TripAdvisor and Yelp contain user reviews. E-commerce sites often have consumer reviews for products and sellers separately.  Usually, consumer reviews are in the form of several lines of texts accompanied by a numerical rating. This text is meant to help shoppers make a decision about a product. A consumer review of a product usually has comments on how well the product meets a user's expectations. It talks about how well it does its job, how reliable it is and its quality for the price. Consumer reviews are also called word of mouth. Users also comment on how they were treated by a seller. They may comment on how dependable or trustworthy a seller is.

References

Other websites 
 4 Ways to Manage Online Reviews

Writing media
Survey of Pakistan

Survey of Pakistan is the national mapping agency of Pakistan. The headquarters of the organization is located in the Survey Training Institute in Islamabad.

Other websites 
  Survey of Pakistan

National mapping agencies
Pakistan