cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Colleges and universities in Kentucky

This is a list of colleges and universities in Kentucky:

Public
Eastern Kentucky University – Richmond
University of Kentucky – Lexington
Kentucky Community and Technical College System
Ashland
Big Sandy
Bluegrass
Elizabethtown
Gateway
Hazard
Henderson
Hopkinsville
Jefferson
Madisonville
Maysville
Owensboro
Somerset
Southcentral Kentucky
Southeast Kentucky
West Kentucky
Kentucky State University – Frankfort
University of Louisville – Louisville
Morehead State University – Morehead
Murray State University – Murray
Northern Kentucky University – Highland Heights
Western Kentucky University – Bowling Green

Private
Alice Lloyd College – Pippa Passes
Asbury College – Wilmore
Asbury Theological Seminary – Wilmore
Bellarmine University – Louisville
Berea College – Berea
Brescia University – Owensboro
Campbellsville University – Campbellsville
Centre College – Danville
Clear Creek Baptist Bible College
University of the Cumberlands – Williamsburg
Daymar College
Frontier School of Midwifery and Family Nursing
Georgetown College – Georgetown
Kentucky Christian University – Grayson
Kentucky Mountain Bible College
Kentucky Wesleyan College – Owensboro
Lexington Theological Seminary – Lexington
Lindsey Wilson College – Columbia
Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary – Louisville
Midway University – Midway
National College
University of Pikeville – Pikeville
Saint Catharine College – St. Catharine
Simmons College of Kentucky
Southern Baptist Theological Seminary – Louisville
Spalding University – Louisville
Spencerian College – Louisville
Sullivan College of Technology and Design (Formally Louisville Technical Institute) – Louisville
Sullivan University – Louisville
Thomas More College – Crestview Hills
Transylvania University – Lexington
Union College – Barbourville

References

 
Lists of colleges and universities
Colleges and universities in Mississippi

This is a list of colleges and universities in Mississippi:

Public

Private

References

 
Lists of colleges and universities
NCAA Division II

Division II is the middle division of competition in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. It is less competitive and less expensive than Division I, but more competitive than Division III, which offers no athletic scholarships. Divisions II and III were previously known togther as the NCAA College Division.

This is a list of Division II athletics (or sports) conferences:
Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Great American Conference
Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
Great Lakes Valley Conference
Great Midwest Athletic Conference
Gulf South Conference
Lone Star Conference
Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association
Mountain East Conference
North Central Conference
Northeast-10 Conference
Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference
Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference
Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference
South Atlantic Conference
Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference

These conferences do not play football:
California Collegiate Athletic Association
Central Atlantic Collegiate Conference
Conference Carolinas
East Coast Conference
Great Northwest Athletic Conference – Currently partners with the Lone Star Conference in football.
Pacific West Conference
Peach Belt Conference
Sunshine State Conference

These conferences play only one or two sports. Note that the NCAA treats swimming and diving as a single sport. Also, the NCAA counts men's and women's teams in the same sport as playing two different sports.
 Bluegrass Mountain Conference (swimming and diving)
 Deep South Conference (men's lacrosse)
 ECAC Division II Lacrosse League (men's lacrosse)
 Metropolitan Conference (swimming and diving)
 New South Intercollegiate Swim Conference (swimming and diving)
 Western Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association (men's and women's lacrosse)

 
College athletics conferences
NCAA Division III

Division III is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States. The division is made up of colleges and universities that choose not to offer their students athletic scholarships.

This is a list of athletics conferences that belong to this division, divided into several groups by sports sponsorship:
All-sports conferences
Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference
American Rivers Conference
American Southwest Conference
Atlantic East Conference
Centennial Conference
City University of New York Athletic Conference
Coast-To-Coast Athletic Conference
College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin
Colonial States Athletic Conference
Commonwealth Coast Conference
Empire 8
Great Northeast Athletic Conference
Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference
Landmark Conference
Liberty League
Little East Conference
Massachusetts State College Athletic Conference
Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Middle Atlantic Conference — An umbrella organization for the following three leagues:
 MAC Commonwealth, sponsoring 14 sports including men's and women's basketball, but not football
 MAC Freedom, sponsoring the same set of 14 sports
 Middle Atlantic Conference, not to be confused with the umbrella organization; sponsoring competition in 13 sports, including football, for both Commonwealth and Freedom members
Midwest Conference
Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
New England Collegiate Conference
New England Small College Athletic Conference
New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference
New Jersey Athletic Conference
North Atlantic Conference
North Coast Athletic Conference
Northern Athletics Collegiate Conference
Northwest Conference
Ohio Athletic Conference
Old Dominion Athletic Conference
Presidents' Athletic Conference
St. Louis Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
Skyline Conference
Southern Athletic Association
Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference
State University of New York Athletic Conference
United East Conference
University Athletic Association
Upper Midwest Athletic Conference
USA South Athletic Conference 
Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference

Football-only conferences
 Commonwealth Coast Football — operated by the Commonwealth Coast Conference, but a separate entity
 Eastern Collegiate Football Conference

Ice hockey-only conferences
 Colonial Hockey Conference (women only)
 ECAC West (men and women)
 New England Hockey Conference (men and women)
 Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (men and women)
 United Collegiate Hockey Conference (men and women)

Lacrosse-only conferences
 Midwest Lacrosse Conference (men only)
 Midwest Women's Lacrosse Conference
 Ohio River Lacrosse Conference (men and women)

Men's volleyball-only conferences
 Continental Volleyball Conference
 Midwest Collegiate Volleyball League
 United Volleyball Conference

 
College athletics conferences
Atlantic Coast Conference

The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is one of the major college sports conferences in the United States. It was formed in 1953 by a group of seven colleges and universities that left the Southern Conference.

Members 

The 15 schools in the conference are split into two groups—the Atlantic and Coastal Divisions—in football and baseball. Notre Dame does not play football in the ACC; in that sport, it remains an "independent" school that does not play in a conference. However, it has agreed to play five of its 12 regular-season games each year against other ACC schools. Syracuse does not have a baseball team; Notre Dame takes its place in the Atlantic Division for that sport.

Former members
Two schools have left the ACC:

Sports
As of the 2014–15 school year, the ACC holds championships in 26 sports. Twelve of these are men's sports and 13 are women's sports. One sport, fencing, has separate ACC men's and women's team championships, but has a single coeducational (men's and women's) NCAA team championship.
 Baseball (men only)
 Basketball (both)
 Cross country (both)
 Fencing (coeducational)
 Field hockey (women only)
 Football (men only)
 Golf (both)
 Lacrosse (both)
 Rowing (women only)
 Soccer (both)
 Softball (women only)
 Swimming and diving (both)
 Tennis (both)
 Track and field, indoor (both)
 Track and field, outdoor (both)
 Volleyball (women only)
 Wrestling (men only)

References
Keir Hardie

James Keir Hardie (15 August 1856 – 26 September 1915) was a Scottish socialist and labour leader, and was the first independent labour Member of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament, seven years before the start of the Labour Party.

He was born in Newhouse, Lanarkshire. He worked as a coal miner, but his bosses stopped him from working when he made a union.  He became a politician, and was elected to (chosen for) parliament in 1892.  At first he was a Liberal, but he was interested in making a working class party.  He started the Independent Labour Party in 1893, and what became the modern Labour party in 1900. He died in Glasgow following a series of strokes.

Further reading
Benn, Caroline (1992) Keir Hardie London: Hutchinson 
 Kevin Jefferys (ed), Leading Labour: From Keir Hardie to Tony Blair  IB Taurus, 1999. 
 Kenneth O. Morgan, Keir Hardie, Radical and Socialist Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1975
 Kenneth O. Morgan, Labour People: Leaders and Lieutenants, Hardie to Kinnock OUP, 1987.
 Greg Rosen (ed), Dictionary of Labour Biography. Politicos Publishing, 2001. 
 Greg Rosen, Old Labour to New, Politicos Publishing, 2005.

Other websites
Biography of Hardie with quotes 
Rhondda Cynon Taff Online : Unveiling the Keir Hardie Bust 
BBC News: Memorial to Labour founder Hardie

1856 births
1915 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United Kingdom
Deaths from stroke
Disease-related deaths in Scotland
Former Labour Party (UK) MPs
Scottish politicians
Southeastern Conference

The Southeastern Conference (SEC) is an American college athletic conference located primarily in the South Central and Southeastern United States.  The conference has 14 members. It is a part of the NCAA's Division I.

Member Universities
Since July 1, 2012, there are 14 members, with Vanderbilt being the only private university.

Future members
On July 27, 2021, Oklahoma and Texas notified the SEC they are wanting to be a part of the conference. On July 29, 2021, the presidents of the current 14 schools of the SEC all voted in agreement to give an offer to Oklahoma and Texas. On July 30, 2021, both future SEC schools voted to accept the invitation, and will join the SEC at the start of the 2025–26 school year.

References
Fausto Coppi

Angelo Fausto Coppi (15 September 1919 – 2 January 1960) was an Italian racing cyclist. He was born in Castellania. He was one of the most successful and most popular cyclists of all time. He won the Tour de France twice, in 1949 and 1952. He won the Giro d'Italia five times, in 1940, 1947, 1949, 1952 and 1953. He also held the World Hour record (the farthest cycled in one hour) from 1942 to 1956.

He fought in the Second World War. He was a prisoner of war of the British. It is possible that Coppi could have won many more races in the five years that were lost because of the war. Coppi died of malaria in Tortoni in 1960 at the age of 40.

Major results 

1940
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner overall classification
Winner stage 11
1941
Giro di Toscana
Giro dell'Emilia
Giro del Veneto
Tre Valli Varesine
1942
Hour record - 45.798 km (Milan, Velodromo Vigorelli)
 Italian National Road Race Championship
1946
Milan-Sanremo
Giro di Lombardia
Grand Prix des Nations
Giro della Romagna
Giro d'Italia:
Winner stages 4, 13 and 14
1947
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner overall classification
Winner stages 4, 8 and 16
Giro di Lombardia
Grand Prix des Nations
 Italian National Road Race Championship
Giro della Romagna
Giro del Veneto
Giro dell'Emilia
1948
Milan-Sanremo
Giro di Lombardia
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner mountains classification
Winner stages 16 and 17
Giro dell'Emilia
Tre Valli Varesine
1949
Tour de France:
 Winner overall classification
 Winner mountains classification
Winner stages 7, 17 and 20
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner overall classification
 Winner mountains classification
Winner stages 4, 11 and 17
Milan-Sanremo
Giro di Lombardia
 Italian National Road Race Championship
Giro della Romagna
Giro del Veneto
1950
Paris-Roubaix
La Flèche Wallonne
1951
Tour de France:
Winner stage 20
Giro d'Italia:
Winner stages 6 and 18
Gran Premio di Lugano
1952
Tour de France:
 Winner overall classification
 Winner mountains classification
Winner stages 7, 10, 11, 18 and 21
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner overall classification
Winner stages 5, 11 and 14
Gran Premio di Lugano
1953
 World Road Cycling Championships
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner overall classification
Winner stages 4, 19 and 20
Trofeo Baracchi
1954
Giro d'Italia:
 Winner mountain classification
Winner stage 20
Giro di Lombardia
Coppa Bernocchi
Trofeo Baracchi
1955
Giro d'Italia:
Winner stage 20
 Italian National Road Race Championship
Giro dell'Appennino
1956
Gran Premio di Lugano
1957
Trofeo Baracchi

Other websites 
  Find-A-Grave profile for Fausto Coppi

1919 births
1960 deaths

Disease-related deaths in Italy
Italian cyclists

Military personnel of World War II
Sportspeople from Piedmont
Tour de France winners
Hurricane Hazel

Hurricane Hazel was the worst hurricane of the 1954 Atlantic hurricane season and one of the worst hurricanes of the 20th century. Hazel killed as many as 1,000 people in Haiti before striking the United States just south of Wilmington, North Carolina as a Category 4 hurricane. 19 people were killed in North Carolina, and 81 people were killed when it hit Toronto, Ontario. It is the strongest hurricane ever recorded to strike so far inland.

Retired tropical cyclone names
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
Hurricanes in the United States
1954 in the United States
History of Grenada
20th centuy in Haiti
20th century in the Bahamas
20th century in South Carolina
1950s in North Carolina
20th century in Virginia
20th century in West Virginia
20th century in Maryland
1950s in Pennsylvania
1950s in New York (state)
1954 in Canada
October events
Miguel Induráin

Miguel Ángel Indurain Larraya (born July 16, 1964) is a Spanish retired road racing cyclist. He was a professional cyclist from 1985 to 1996. He was the first person to win the Tour de France five times in a row from 1991 to 1995. He also won the Giro d'Italia two times, in 1992 and 1993. In 1994, he cycled 53.040 kilometres in one hour, which was a new hour record. He also won the Olympic Gold medal for the time trial in 1996.

Indurain was very good at time trials. In the five Tours de France that he won, he only won two stages that were not time trials. He finished time trials much quicker than other cyclists, so he did not need to attack in mountain stages. In the 1996 Tour de France, he had a bad cold and he could not win. He retired later in 1997.

Achievements 

Tour de France finishings
 1985: Withdrew, 4th stage
 1986: Withdrew, 8th stage
 1987: 97th
 1988: 47th
 1989: 17th
 1990: 10th
 1991: 1st
 1992: 1st
 1993: 1st
 1994: 1st
 1995: 1st
 1996: 11th

Giro d'Italia finishings
 1992: 1st
 1993: 1st
 1994: 3rd

Vuelta a España finishings
 1985: 84th
 1986: 92nd
 1987: Withdrew
 1988: Withdrew
 1989: Withdrew
 1990: 7th
 1991: 2nd
 1996: Withdrew, 12th stage

 Major results
 World Time-Trial Championship (1995)
 Summer Olympics Men's Individual Time Trial (1996)
 Dauphiné Libéré (1995, 1996)
 Paris-Nice (1989, 1990)
 Clásica de San Sebastián (1990)
 Critérium International (1989)
 Grand prix du Midi Libre (1995)
 Volta a Catalunya (1988, 1991, 1992)
 Tour de l'Avenir (1986)

 Accolades ya boi emilio
 French Légion d'honneur
 Prince of Asturias Awards: Sports (1992)
 Active member – Laureus World Sports Academy
 1995 ABC's Wide World of Sports Athlete of the Year

1964 births
Giro d'Italia winners
Living people
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists
People from Navarre
Spanish cyclists
Spanish Olympic medalists
Spanish Roman Catholics
Tour de France cyclists
Tour de France winners
Shimon Peres

Shimon Peres  (; born Szymon Perski; 2 August 1923 – 28 September 2016) was a Polish-born Israeli statesman. He was the President of the State of Israel. Peres served twice as the Prime Minister of Israel. He also served as Interim Prime Minister twice. Peres has been a member of 12 cabinets. His political career spanned over 66 years.
 
He was one of three leaders who shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994.  The others were Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat. All three got the prizes for trying to make peace in the Middle East.

On September 13, 2016, Peres, aged 93, suffered a severe stroke and was hospitalized in Ramat Gan, Israel. He had suffered a massive brain hemorrhage. Two days later, he was reported as being in a serious but stable condition. However, on September 26, an examination found damage to his brainstem. He died on September 28 of complications from the stroke.

His cousin was the American Hollywood actress Lauren Bacall. Their fathers were brothers.

More reading 
 Shimon Peres The Biography (2006), Michael Bar-Zohar

References

Other websites 
 Official Israeli Presidency website

  

1923 births
2016 deaths
Belarusian Jews
Deputy government ministers of Israel
Deaths from stroke
Disease-related deaths in Israel
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
HaAvoda politicians
Harvard University alumni
Israeli civil servants
Israeli former political leaders
Israeli Nobel Prize winners
Israeli opposition leaders
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Kadima politicians
Mapai politicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
New York University alumni
Polish Jews
Presidents of Israel
Prime Ministers of Israel
Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Ehud Olmert

Ehud Olmert, Hebrew: אהוד אולמרט , (born 30 September 1945 in Binyamina) is an Israeli lawyer and former politician. He was Prime Minister of Israel.

Olmert was a Member of Knesset from 1974 to 2009, with an interruption from 1999 to 2003. He was also mayor of Jerusalem from 1993 to 2003.

In 2006 he switched from Likud to newly formed Kadima. He was the head of Kadima until September 2008.

He was the 12th Prime Minister of Israel between 14 April 2006 and 31 March 2009, succeeding Ariel Sharon and succeeded by Benjamin Netanyahu.

From February 2016 till July 2017, Olmert was spending time in prison because of a felony conviction of breach of trust and bribery.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

1945 births
Living people
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli former political leaders
Israeli lawyers
Israeli mayors
Israeli prisoners
Jewish Israeli criminals
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish lawyers
Kadima politicians
Likud politicians
Prime Ministers of Israel
Kadima

Kadima, Hebrew: קדימה‎‎ - Forward,  is an Israeli political party.  

Its ideology is centrist liberal, and Zionist. 

Kadima believed in both Israel's security and continuing the peace process, and supported negotiating an agreement for peace with the Palestinians, but is de facto defunct.

Kadima was founded on November 24, 2005 by Ariel Sharon, as a splitting from Likud.

Number of seats in the 20th Knesset: / (-2).

Other websites 
 

2005 establishments in Asia
2000s establishments in Israel
Former political parties in Israel
Zionist parties
Liberal parties
Svetlana Kuznetsova

Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova (Cyrillic: ; born June 27, 1985) is a Russian professional tennis player who is currently ranked World No. 4. She won the US Open singles title in 2004 and was the runner-up in singles at the French Open in 2006 and the US Open in 2007, losing both finals to Justine Henin in straight sets.

1985 births
Living people
Russian female tennis players
Jacques Anquetil

Jacques Anquetil (8 January 1934 – 18 November 1987), was a French road racing cyclist. He was the first cyclist to win the Tour de France five times, in 1957 and from 1961 to 1964. Anquetil was very good at riding time trials, and this helped him to win grand tours. He also won the Giro d'Italia in 1960 and 1964, and the Vuelta a España in 1963.  This made him the first cyclist to win all three grand tours.  In 1956 he rode 46.159 kilometres in one hour, making a new hour record.

Anquetil was born in Mont-Saint-Aigan. He died of stomach cancer in Rouen.

Major achievements 

 Tour de France
 1957 - 1st overall; 4 stage wins; 16 days in maillot jaune
 1959 - 3rd overall
 1961 - 1st overall; 2 stage wins; 21 days in maillot jaune
 1962 - 1st overall; 2 stage wins; 3 days in maillot jaune
 1963 - 1st overall; 4 stage wins; 5 days in maillot jaune
 1964 - 1st overall; 4 stage wins; 5 days in maillot jaune

 Giro d'Italia
 1959 - 2nd overall; Stage 2 ITT win; Stage 19 ITT win; 7 days in maglia rosa
 1960 - 1st overall; Stage 9b ITT win; Stage 14 ITT win; 11 days in maglia rosa
 1961 - 2nd overall; Stage 9 ITT win; 4 days in maglia rosa
 1964 - 1st overall; Stage 5 ITT win; 17 days in maglia rosa

 Vuelta a España
 1963 - 1st overall; 1 stage win; 16 days in jersey de oro

 Other one-day classics and stage races
 Super Prestige Pernod International (1961, 1963, 1965, 1966)
 Grand Prix des Nations (1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1961, 1965, 1966)
 Liège-Bastogne-Liège (1966)
 Gent-Wevelgem (1964)
 Bordeaux-Paris (1965)
 Dauphiné Libéré (1963 - 1st overall; 1 stage win; 1965 - 1st overall, 3 stage wins)
 Paris-Nice
 1957 - 1st overall; 1 stage win - Time Trial Stage
 1961 - 1st overall; 1 stage win
 1963 - 1st overall; 1 stage win
 1965 - 1st overall; 1 stage win
 1966 - 1st overall; 1 stage win
 Vuelta al País Vasco (1969)
 Four Days of Dunkirk (1958, 1959)

 Hour record in 1956 - 46.159 km

Other websites
Complete Palmarès 
Gitane USA

1934 births
1987 deaths
Cancer deaths in France
Deaths from stomach cancer
Doping cases in cycling
French cyclists
Giro d'Italia winners

Tour de France winners
Vuelta a España winners
Hour record

The hour record for bicycles is the record for the longest distance cycled in one hour on a bicycle.  The first recorded hour record was in 1876 when F. L. Dodds rode 26.508 kilometres on a penny-farthing bicycle.  Many people since then have tried to be the fastest.  People trying to break the record have helped to change bicycle designs.

In 1972, the Belgian cyclist Eddy Merckx set a record of 49.431 kilometres.  It was the record for twelve years.  Since that time technology has allowed much more aerodynamic bicycle designs.  The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the group that controls the sport of cycling, has made rules to make cyclists ride cycles similar to Merckx's bicycle.  Instead there is now another record, the International Human Powered Vehicle Association (IHVA) hour record, for other designs.  The hour record for regular bicycles is called the UCI record.  

Ondřej Sosenka holds the UCI hour record at 49.700 kilometres.  Sam Whittingham holds the IHVA hour record at 86.752 kilometres.

Cycling
Billie Jean King Cup

The Billie Jean King Cup is the premier team competition in women's tennis, launched in 1963 as the Federation Cup to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The competition name changed to Fed Cup in 1995, and then to its current name, honoring American tennis great and women's rights advocate Billie Jean King, in September 2020.

References

Tennis tournaments
Kateryna Bondarenko

Kateryna Volodymyrivna Bondarenko  (, born 8 August 1986) is a professional female tennis player from Ukraine and a doubles champion at Australian Open in 2008.

The younger sister of Alyona Bondarenko, she was born in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, then part of the Soviet Union.  She plays right-handed and turned pro in 2000.

1986 births
Living people
Female tennis players
Ukrainian sportspeople
Melinda Czink

Melinda Czink (born October 22, 1982 in Budapest) is a Hungarian professional female tennis player. On March 1, 2004 Czink reached her career-high singles ranking of World No. 64.

Female tennis players
1982 births
Hungarian sportspeople
Living people
Maria Kirilenko

Maria Yuryevna Kirilenko (; born 25 January 1987 in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian professional tennis player. She won her first WTA Tour title in 2005, defeating Anna-Lena Grönefeld 6–3, 6–4 in the China Open. Kirilenko reached #19, her career-high singles ranking, on the WTA tour in June 2008. She is a good friend of Maria Sharapova. She is affectionately called Makiri.

Sportspeople from Moscow
1987 births
Living people
Russian female tennis players
Dinara Safina

Dinara Mikhailovna Safina (), born April 27, 1986) is a Russian professional tennis player of Tatar ethnicity. She was born in Moscow, Russia. She is the younger sister of former world number one men's player, Marat Safin.

She was coached by Glen Schaap, former trainer of Nadia Petrova. Her new coach is Željko Krajan. Her mother, Rauza Islanova used to be her trainer when she was younger and still gives advice to Dinara. Dinara Safina's father is director of the Spartak tennis club in Moscow. She has won one Grand Slam title, the  women's double title at the 2007 U.S. Open with her partner Nathalie Dechy. She also reached the final of the French Open in 2008, losing to current World No. 1 Ana Ivanović.

References

1986 births
Russian female tennis players
Living people
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Tatars
US Open (tennis) champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Time trial

In many racing sports an athlete will compete (take part) in a time trial.  This is when the athlete races over a course as fast as he can. In cross country skiing and biathlon competitions, a skier will start every 30 to 60 seconds. These are called interval starts. In cycling a time trial (TT) can be a single track race, or an individual time trial on the road.  Time trials are often a part of a stage race, for example the Tour de France.

In a team time trial in cycling, a team of riders will race together.  A group can ride faster than just one rider because riders following the leader are sheltered from the wind.  

In rowing, time trial races, where the boats start every 10 to 20 seconds, are usually called "head races".

Other websites 
Southern California Time Trial Racing
List of cycling World Time Trial Champions 

Cycling
Tour de France
Markhor

The markhor (Capra falconeri) is a large goat. It is found in woodland in Central Asia, Karakoram and the Western Himalayas, this is the National Animal of Pakistan. 

Markhor are 65 to 115 centimetres tall at the shoulder.  They usually weigh from 40 to 110 kilograms. Females are a tan colour with a white underbelly and a pattern of black and white on the legs. Males are a lighter tan colour with the same white underbelly and pattern on the legs.  Males also have a black face and lots of long white fur on their neck and chest which can grow down to their knees. Both males and females have corkscrew-shaped horns which can grow up to 160 cm / 64 inches long in males, and up to 25 cm / 10 inches in females.

Markhor live in places 500 to 3500 metres (1,500 to 11,000 feet) high, where they eat grass, leaves.  Markhor often stand on their back legs to reach the top leaves of trees. Markhor are active (move around more) in the early morning and late afternoon. Females gather in herds (groups) of up to nine animals.  Males usually live alone.

The markhor is the National animal of Pakistan. The word "Markhor" is Persian for "Snake Eater".  They live in Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and India's Kashmir Valley. In Pakistan, they live in the Chitral, Ghizar and Hunza regions.  There are fewer markhor left because human beings take livestock to eat grass in the places where the markhor lives.  Other people have killed the markhor for its horns.  As of 2012, the IUCN said there were probably 2,500 markhor left in the wild.

Subspecies
 Bukharan markhor, Capra falconeri heptneri
 Astor markhor, Capra falconeri falconeri
 Kabul markhor, Capra falconeri megaceros
 Kashmir markhor, Capra falconeri cashmiriensis
 Sulaiman markhor, Capra falconeri jerdoni

References 

Caprids
National symbols of Pakistan
Mammals of Asia
She's So Unusual

She's So Unusual is the first solo album by the famous American 1980s pop singer Cyndi Lauper. It was released in 1983. It included the popular single, "Girls Just Want to Have Fun".

1983 albums
Pop albums
Betta

Betta is a genus of fish. The Siamese fighting fish is a fish in this genus. Some species of betta like the Betta Splendens are very brightly coloured and can be purchased in a local pet store. Other species of betta are more rare. The males often express their aggression at other males as well as females by flaring at one another. They are surface breathers, and breathe air from the surface to make bubble nest which attracts the female for breeding. Betta fishes are found in little water bodies, full of fallen leaf litter and peat thereby providing lots of hiding places. There are various species of Betta, most popular being Betta splendens, Betta smaragdina, Betta mahachaiensis, Betta coccina, Betta albimarginata, Betta imbellis, etc.

 

Perciformes
Freshwater fish
Lichtenstein, Saxony

Lichtenstein is a small town in Saxony. It is between Zwickau and Chemnitz. Lichtenstein has the second name "Stadt im grünen" (engl. "town in green"). Lichtenstein has several sights. There are 7 museums, 2 theaters, 1 castle and 7 nature parcs. The most famous museum of Lichtenstein is the "Miniwelt". There are many world sights in small, for example the statue of Liberty. As of December 2011, 12,613 people live there.

Lichtenstein consists of 3 parts the main town, Lichtenstein and the two small villages "Heinrichsort" and "Rödlitz".

Neighbour towns are Bernsdorf, Glauchau, St. Egidien, Mülsen, Hohndorf and Oelsnitz.

History 

Lichtenstein was founded in 1212. The church of St. Laurentius, one of two churches, was build in 1261. In the 12th century was built the castle of Lichtenstein. The "Schönburgs" live there until 1945.

Politics 
The council consists of 22 councillors and the mayor.

Wolgang Sedner is the mayor of Lichtenstein, since 1990. He won the last vote in June 2008 in the second ballot.

Population

Famous People 
 Eberhardt del’Antonio, author
 Werner Buschmann, minister of the GDR
 Edith Carstensen, visual artist
 Gottlob Christian Crusius, author
 Martin Goetze, visual artist
 Steve Jenkner, racing motorcyclist
 Wolfgang Mitzinger, minister of the GDR
 Max Wilhelm Müller, politician
 Richard Pietraß, author
 Erich Rauschenbach, visual artist
 Karl Max Schneider (1887-1955), professor and director of the zoo of Leipzig
 Ronny König, soccer player

References

Other websites 

 Lichtenstein town page 

Towns in Saxony
Zwickau Rural District
Otogizōshi

Otogizōshi are a group of short stories with pictures, written in Japan, mostly in the period between 1392 and 1573. There are about 350 of these stories. They are about many different things: love, religion, fighting, humor, and other things. The otogizōshi were often read to an audience.

Other websites
Online edition of the Otogizōshi at Kyoto University

Japanese mythology
Japanese folklore
Salem, Massachusetts

Salem is a city in Essex County, in Massachusetts. It was home of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.

References 

Cities in Massachusetts
County seats in Massachusetts
Deval Patrick

Deval Laurdine Patrick (born July 31, 1956) is an American politician. He was elected to be the governor of Massachusetts in 2006. He is the first African-American to be elected governor of that state. He is only the third African-American to be elected a governor of any state in the United States. Patrick ran as a Democrat.

He was born in Chicago, Illinois on 31 July 1956, is a lawyer, and holds two degrees from Harvard University.

On November 11, 2019, The New York Times reported that Patrick was thinking of a 2020 presidential candidacy. He announced his candidacy three days later on November 14. He ended his campaign on February 12, 2020 a day after the New Hampshire primary.

References

Other websites
Deval Patrick for All  official presidential campaign site
Deval Patrick for Governor  official campaign site
National Governors Association - Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick  biography
Transcript of Deval Patrick's acceptance speech The Boston Globe, November 8, 2006

1956 births
Living people
African American politicians
Governors of Massachusetts
2020 United States presidential candidates
Politicians from Chicago
US Democratic Party politicians
21st-century American politicians
Lawyers from Chicago
Lawyers from Massachusetts
Provisional designation in astronomy

A provisional designation in astronomy is the naming convention of astronomical objects as soon as they are found. The provisional designation is usually replaced by a permanent name once a good orbit has been calculated. With asteroids, so many have been found that many will never be named by the people who found them.

Other websites 
 When did the asteroids become minor planets? 
 New and old-style minor planet designations (Minor Planet Center)

Astronomical objects

fa:نام‌گذاری اجرام آسمانی#سیارک‌ها
Traffic sign

A traffic sign or a road sign is a sign put at the side of roads to give information to drivers. It can direct people driving where to go or what to do.

A road sign is something that gives information by means of a symbol, or in only 1 or 2 words. It helps people in their vehicles on the road. Some signs include: give way, stop, keep left, no U-turn, no parking, zebra crossing ahead, and much more.  Traffic signs are very useful. Without signs and traffic lights there would be many accidents and arguments on the road.
Istituto Nazionale di Statistica

Istituto Nazionale di Statistica is the national statistical institute of Italy. The name translates to 'National Institute of Statistics'. This institute collects information about the country, including counting the people in Italy (the census). It is sometimes called Istat.

Other websites 
 Istat and the people of Italy 

Italy
Harold Rubin

Harold Rubin (13 May 1932 – 1 April 2020) was a South African-born Israeli visual artist and free jazz clarinettist. He was born in Johannesburg. He became a founding member of the 1980s Zaviot jazz quartet, which recorded albums with the label Jazzis Records and performed at festivals and clubs in Israel and Europe until its break-up in 1989.

Rubin died on 1 April 2020, aged 87.

References

1932 births 
2020 deaths
South African entertainers
White South African people
Israeli musicians
Jazz musicians
Activists
List of Adventures in Odyssey characters


The following is a list of the characters from the Adventures in Odyssey radio program.

Major characters 
 John Avery Whittaker, voiced by Hal Smith (1987 - 1994) and Paul Herlinger (1996 - present): the main character, mostly known as just "Whit."
 Connie Kendall, voiced by Katie Leigh (1987 - present): the longest-working "Whit's End" employee.
 Eugene Meltsner, voiced by Will Ryan (1988 - 2000, 2005 - present).
 Katrina (Shanks) Meltsner, the wife of Eugene Meltsner, voiced by Pamela Hayden (1994 - 1998) and Audrey Wasilewski (2005 - present).
 Bernard Walton, voiced by Dave Madden (1990 - present): the town's window-washer.
 Jason Whittaker, voiced by Townsend Coleman (1994 - present): Whit's son and former NSA agent. He ran Whit's End when Whit was in the Middle East.
 Chris, voiced by Chris Anthony (1987 - present), the show's announcer.
 Jack Allen, voiced by Alan Young (1994 – 2004, 2008 - present): childhood friend of Whit, former manager of "Whit's End" when Whit was in the Middle East, and now is the owner of the J & J Antique Gallery with his wife Joanne. He is not thought to be inactive, but simply has not been in any shows for a while.
 Bart Rathbone, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2007), unknown  voice (2008 - present): the schemish manager of the Electric Palace.
 Rodney Rathbone, voiced by Steve Burns (1990 – 2006): Bart's son, local bully, and head of the "Bones of Rath."
 Tom Riley, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2008 when he died): a local farmer and good friend of Whit.

References

Sources 
AIOHQ.com Character Histories

Characters
Lists of fictional characters
List of WTA number 1 ranked players

The Women's Tennis Association (WTA) world number one ranking is a 52-week system based on the total points won by a female professional tennis player, during a WTA season. The WTA started ranking players on 3 November 1975, and 21 women have achieved the number one status in singles and 32 players in doubles.

Please needs updates. We are in 2019

Key

Singles Number 1

Year-end number 1
1975:  Chris Evert (1)
1976:  Chris Evert (2)
1977:  Chris Evert (3)
1978:  Martina Navrátilová (1)
1979:  Martina Navratilova (2)
1980:  Chris Evert (4)
1981:  Chris Evert (5)
1982:  Martina Navratilova (3)
1983:  Martina Navratilova (4)
1984:  Martina Navratilova (5)
1985:  Martina Navratilova (6)
1986:  Martina Navratilova (7)
1987:  Steffi Graf (1)
1988:  Steffi Graf (2)
1989:  Steffi Graf (3)
1990:  Steffi Graf (4)
1991:  Monica Seles (1)
1992:  Monica Seles (2)
1993:  Steffi Graf (5)
1994:  Steffi Graf (6)
1995:  Steffi Graf (7) /  Monica Seles (4)
1996:  Steffi Graf (8)
1997:  Martina Hingis (1)
1998:  Lindsay Davenport (1)
1999:  Martina Hingis (2)
2000:  Martina Hingis (3)
2001:  Lindsay Davenport (2)
2002:  Serena Williams (1)
2003:  Justine Henin (1)
2004:  Lindsay Davenport (4)
2005:  Lindsay Davenport (5)
2006:  Justine Henin (2)
2007:  Justine Henin (3)
2008:  Jelena Janković
2009:  Serena Williams (2)
2010:  Caroline Wozniacki (1)
2011:  Caroline Wozniacki (2)
2012:  Victoria Azarenka
2013:  Serena Williams (3)
2014:  Serena Williams (4)

Sources
Overall

Exact

Other websites

 The official Women's Tennis Association website
 The official WTA Tour Facebook page

Tennis
Lists of sportspeople
WTA Tour
Barbour County, Alabama

Barbour County, Alabama is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of James Barbour, who was Governor of Virginia.  As of 2000 the population was 29,038.  Its county seat is Clayton.

History 
Barbour County was created on December 18, 1832 from former Creek Indian territory and a portion of Pike County. Its borders were altered in 1866 and 1868. The Election Riot of 1874 occurred near Comer.

Major Highways 
  U.S. Highway 82
  U.S. Highway 431
  State Route 10
  State Route 30
  State Route 51

Adjacent counties 
 Russell County, Alabama - northeast
 Quitman County, Georgia - east
 Stewart County, Georgia - east
 Clay County, Georgia - southeast
 Henry County, Alabama - south
 Dale County, Alabama - south
 Pike County, Alabama - west
 Bullock County, Alabama - northwest

National protected area 
 Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge

Cities and towns 
 Bakerhill
 Blue Springs
 Clayton
 Clio
 Eufaula
 Elamville
 Louisville

References 

Alabama counties
1832 establishments in Alabama
Monpazier

Monpazier is a city in France. It is in the Dordogne departement, in Aquitaine. In 1999, 516 people lived there. It has been named one of the most beautiful villages in France by the association Les Plus Beaux Villages de France. It was built as a bastide. For some time, Eleanor of Aquitaine and Richard III lived there. 

The city was founded by Edward I of England in 1284. It is of rectangular design, built around a main square. 

The city is about half-way between Bergerac and Sarlat-la-Canéda. Each city is about 45 km away. The River Dropt runs through the city.

Bastides
Communes in Dordogne
Sarlat-la-Canéda

Sarlat-la-Canéda (), or simply Sarlat, is a town and commune in southwestern France, in the region of Aquitaine. It is a subprefecture of the Dordogne department.

History
The city developed around a Carolingian Benedictine abbey in the 13th century. The abbey already existed in the 9th century. it was part of the six great abbeys of the old province of Périgord. The others were Paunat, Belvès, Saint Front de Périgueux, Brantôme and Terrasson. The Carolingian abbey was the only one to be spared by the Vikings because it does not lie on the Dordogne river or its tributaries. In 1317, Sarlat became the seat of a bishop.

The city was badly damaged in the Hundred Years' War. After several conflicts it was rebuilt in Renaissance style between 1450 and 1500. In the middle of the 17th century, the city lost political influence and became poorer.

On 1 March 1965, the communes of Sarlat and of La Canéda were combined in one commune with the name of Sarlat-la-Canéda.

Sports
Sports clubs:

 Rugby Union: Sarlat Rugby.

Geography
The commune of Sarlat-la-Canéda has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Sarlat-la-Canéda is surrounded by the communes Tamniès, Marquay. Marcillac-Saint-Quentin, Proissans, Sainte-Nathalène, Saint-Vincent-le-Paluel, Carsac-Aillac, Vitrac, Vézac and Saint-André-d'Allas.

Climate 
Sarlat-la-Canéda has an oceanic climate with template summers (Köppen climate classification: Cfb).

Population 
The inhabitants of Sarlat-la-Canéda are known, in French, as Sarladais (women: Sarladaises).

With a population of 9,127 (2014), Sarlat-la-Canéda has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Sarlat-la-Canéda

Sarlat-la-Canéda forms the urban area of Sarlat-la-Canéda with a population of 9,259 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Sarlat-la-Canéda, formed by 17 communes with a population of 19,520 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .

Administration
Sarlat-la-Canéda is a subprefecture of the Dordogne and the capital of the arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda.

The commune is the administrative centre () of the canton of Sarlat-la-Canéda''', formed with 13 communes.

It is part of the intercommunality Sarlat-Périgord Noir'' ().

= Important people from the city 
Étienne de La Boétie (1530-1563), lawyer and writer
Henry Sanfourche (1775-1841), colonel of the French Empire.
Gautier de Costes de La Calprenède (about 1610-1663), writer
Pierre Lachambeaudie (1807-1872), poet
Gabriel Tarde (1843-1904), social scientist

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda
 Communes of the Dordogne department

References

Other websites

 Ville de Sarlat-la-Canéda - Official site 
 Tourist office website
 Departamental Council of Dordogne 
 Prefecture official website 
 Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Dordogne
Hurricane Erika (2003)

Hurricane Erika was a Atlantic hurricane that hit extreme northeastern Mexico near the Texas-Tamaulipas border. It happened on August 16, during the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season. Erika was the eighth tropical cyclone, fifth tropical storm, and third hurricane of the season that year. The storm was created from a non-tropical area of low pressure that was tracked for five days before developing in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14. Under the influence of a high pressure system, Erika moved quickly westward and became stronger under favorable conditions.

Storm history

A weak surface area of low pressure came apart from a frontal system on August 8. It was moving southwestward during that time. On August 9, it created convection  when it was passing underneath a cold-core upper-level low.  As the system rapidly continued westward, a lot of the convection stayed near the center of the upper-level low, preventing development of a closed surface circulation. On August 13, while located near the northwestern Bahamas, an increase in convection made the upper-level low building downwards to the middle levels of the troposphere, which caused the development of an upper level anticyclone.

On August 14, a closed low-level circulation nearly developed to the east of Key Largo, Florida, but because of the deep convection remaining to the north over the mid-level center, it was weakened. The mid-level storm continued going westward and it moved across Florida. After crossing Florida, Hurricane Hunters showed a poor circulation, but with winds higher than tropical storm strength, and the system was designated as Tropical Storm Erika late on August 14 while located 85 miles (135 km) west of Fort Myers.

With well-established outflow and low levels of wind shear, Erika became stronger as the circulation became better defined. A high pressure system covered over the south-central United States, forcing the storm to move just south of due west at 25 mph (40 km/h). On August 15, convection were made into bands, and as its winds were turning into hurricane strength, an eye developed within the storm. The storm quickly weakened over the Sierra Madre Oriental, and Erika was calming down early on August 17. After entering the Gulf of California on August 18, It led to the formation of a tropical disturbance. It went to the northwest and weakened on August 20.

References

Other websites 
Erika's Tropical Cyclone Report

2003 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricanes in Mexico
Hurricanes in the United States
Category 1 Atlantic hurricanes
2003 in Texas
2003 in Florida
2000s in Mexico
Bergerac

Bergerac () is a commune and a subprefecture of the Dordogne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, southwestern France.

It is the second biggest city of the department, after Périgueux.

Despite the similarities in their names, there is no connection to Cyrano de Bergerac, a French writer from Paris.

Geography
Bergerac is in the south of the Dordogne department, in the region named as Périgord Pourpre; the Dordogne river flows through the city.

The city is at about  from Périgueux,  from Agen,  from Bordeaux and  from Cahors.

It has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Bergerac is surrounded by the communes Ginestet, Maurens, Lembras, Creysse, Cours-de-Pile, Saint-Nexans, Colombier, Monbazillac, Saint-Laurent-des-Vignes and Prigonrieux.

Climate
The climate of Bergerac is a Mediterranean climate (Marine West Coast Climate), Cfb in the Köppen climate classification, with mild winters and warm summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Bergerac are known, in French, as Bergeracois (women: Bergeracoises).

With a population of 27,764 (2014), Bergerac has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Bergerac

Bergerac forms with 22 other communes, including four communes that are part of the Gironde department, the urban area of Bergerac with a population of 64,968 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Bergerac, formed by 67 communes with a population of 81,574 inhabitants and an area of .

Administration
Bergerac is a subprefecture of the Dordogne department since 1790, and the capital of the arrondissement of Bergerac.

The commune is the administrative centre () of two cantons:
 Bergerac-1, formed with a part of Bergerac; and
 Bergerac-2, formed with the remaining part of Bergerac and 9 other communes.

It is part of the intercommunality Bergeracoise ().

Twin towns 
Bergerac is twinned with:
  Faenza, Province of Ravenna, Italy
  Repentigny, Quebec, Canada

Economy
Bergerac is known for its wines and its tobacco. It has 12 recognized wine kinds that are Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC).

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Bergerac
 Communes of the Dordogne department

References

Other websites

 Ville de Bergerac - Official site 
 Office de Tourisme Bergerac 
 Departamental Council of Dordogne 
 Prefecture official website 
 Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Dordogne
Wine regions of France
Sweet chestnut

The other kind of chestnut is commonly called horse chestnut. It is not related to this tree.

The sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), sometimes called European chestnut, Spanish chestnut or Portuguese chestnut is a family of trees. 

Originally these trees were native to the Mediterranean parts of Europe and Asia Minor. These trees can grow to sizes between 20 and 35m high. The trees are deciduous, they do not have leaves in winter.

The trees are usually grown for their edible fruit.

Fagales
Trees
James S. Sherman

James Schoolcraft Sherman (October 24, 1855 in Utica, New York – October 1912, also in Utica, New York, while in office) was the twenty-seventh vice president of the United States. He was in office from March 4, 1909 to October 30, 1912. Sherman was a member of the Republican Party, and served with President William Howard Taft.

Other websites 
 Biography of James S. Sherman

1855 births
1912 deaths
Deaths from Bright's disease
Vice Presidents of the United States
Politicians from New York
US Republican Party politicians
20th-century American politicians