cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Louis Cullen

Louis Michael Cullen (born 1932) is an Irish diplomat, academic, historian, author and Japanologist.  He is Professor of Modern Irish History at Trinity College in Dublin.

Early life
Cullen's family came from New Ross in County Wexford. He earned a Master's degree at University College Galway.  he was awarded a doctorate at the London School of Economics.

Career
Cullen joined the Irish Diplomatic Corps.  He was posted Paris where he began research into the historic trading links between Ireland and France.

In 1963, he became a lecturer in history at Trinity College. He was appointed professor in 1972.

Selected works
In an overview of writings by and about Cullen, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 70+ works in 150+ publications in 7 languages and 4,600+ library holdings. 
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Anglo-Irish Trade 1600-1800, 1968
 The Formation of the Irish Economy, 1969
 An Economic History of Ireland Since 1660, 1972
 Négoce et industrie en France et en Irlande aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles: actes du Colloque franco-irlandais d'histoire, Bordeaux, mai, 1978, 1980
 The Emergence of Modern Ireland 1600-1900, 1981
 The Hidden Ireland: Reassesment of a Concept, 1988
 Hidden Ireland: Reassessment of a Concept, 1988
 Culture et pratiques politiques en France et en Irlande XVIe-XVIIIe siècle: actes colloque de Marseille 28 septembre-2 octobre 1988, 1990 
 A History of Japan 1582-1941: Internal and Eexternal Worlds,  2003

Notes

Other websites
  Cullen, L.M. (Louis M.) at Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)

1932 births
Living people
European diplomats
Historians
Japanologists
Irish scientists
Palin, Arunachal Pradesh

Palin is a hillstation town located in the Kurung Kumey district of Arunachal Pradesh. It is inhabited by Nyishi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. It has a population of around 20,000 (2011 census).

The town is located at . It has an average elevation of 1080 metres (3540 feet).

Climate
Palin has a subtropical highland climate (Cwb in the Koeppen climate classification). Summers are warm with very high rainfall. Winters are mild with moderate rainfall. It has very hilly and high geographical terrain. Most of time it is covered by clouds. The area is windy in nature.

Culture
Palin and the areas around it are mainly populated by people of the Nyishi tribe. Nyokum, an agricultural festival of the Nyishis, is the main festival celebrated in the town. Beside Nyokum, Christmas,Diwali and Dusherra are also celebrated with great pomp and Joy.

The town's has a Roman Catholic church called the Holy Rosary Church. It was consecrated by the Bishop of Itanagar. It reflects the extensive Christian influence and provides good views of Palin and the surrounding countryside.

Places of Interest

Holy Rosay Catholic Churh is one of largest Catholic Church in the state. It is located at the hilltop in the town.

Palin river one of the tributaries of River Subansiri flows through this town .The river ideal for river rafting,fishing and for picnics.

From here tourist places like Ziro, Parshuram Kund(in Lohit), Malinithan(in Siang), Bhishmak Nagar (in Dibang Valley) are also easily accessible by roads.

Demographics
 India census, Palin has a population of 11251.
The Nyishis are the indegenious inhabitants of the area.

Communication
Palin is situated at mid-northern part of Arunachal Pradesh. The District Highway connect Palin to the other part of Arunachal and India. Regular Bus and Tata sumo services are available from Itanagar, Ziro etc.

References

Other websites 

PALIN by India travel portal
1962 Border War between India and China(Henderson brook report) 
Contact List for all Important Government Officials in Itanagar Includes Police, Telephone, Electricity and more

Arunachal Pradesh
Towns in India
Veterinary medicine

Veterinary medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the health of animals. It is the study and practice of preventing, diagnosing and treating disease and injuries in animals. Veterinary medicine covers all species of animals, including both domesticated animals and wild animals.

People who study and practice veterinary medicine professionally are called veterinarians (often known as "vets").

Veterinary science tries to help human health by monitoring and controlling zoonotic diseases (infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans).

Related pages

 Zoology

Health
Animals
Medicine
Shotokai

is a martial arts organisation established to teach and spread the art of karate.  Gichin Funakoshi was the leader who was most responsible for its beginning in 1936.

References

Other websites 
 Shotokai Encyclopedia
 Karate-do shotokai Europe (KDSE)
 Nihon Karate-do shotokai, Japan

1936 establishments in Asia
Martial arts
Sport in Japan
1930s establishments in Japan
Ryan O'Marra

Ryan O'Marra (born June 9, 1987) is a Japanese-born Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre. He played a 33 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Edmonton Oilers and the Anaheim Ducks.

O'Marra was drafted 15th overall in the 2005 NHL Entry draft by the New York Islanders but never played a game with them although he did play 8 games with their AHL farm team, Bridgeport Sound Tigers. O'Marra was born in Tokyo, Japan to Irish Canadian parents. He moved to Canada when he was one year old.

On March 26, 2015, O'Marra announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey.

References

Other websites 

1987 births
Anaheim Ducks players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Edmonton Oilers players
Living people
Sportspeople from Tokyo
American Hockey League players
ECHL players
Ontario Hockey League players
Kumagaya, Saitama

is a Japanese city in Saitama Prefecture on the island of Honshu.

It has been recognized as a special city since 2009.

The city has an estimated population of 153,392 (as of 1 June 2012) and the density of  1,270.8 people per km².

Geography
Kumagaya has a total area is 159.88 km².

References

Other websites

 Kumagaya City website 

Settlements in Saitama Prefecture
Cities in Japan
Zomi Revolutionary Army

The Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA) is a nationalist separatist group dedicated to the defense of ethnic Zomi people. It fights for the reunification of Zomi people, whose homelands are split between in Myanmar (Chin State), Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts) and North-east India (Manipur and Mizoram). It aims to unite all Zomi people under one governing unit, known as a Zogam, meaning "land of the Zomi".

Nationalist organizations in India
Myanmar
Chittagong Hill Tracts
Separatist movements of India
Rebel militia groups in Asia
Gichin Funakoshi

was the founder of Shotokan, which is the most widely known school or style of karate.  He is known as the "father of modern karate".

Funakoshi died on 26 April 1957 in Tokyo of colon cancer, aged 88.

Selected works
In an overview of writings by and about Funakoshi, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 30+ works in 60+ publications in 8 languages and 1,800+ library holdings. 
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 唐手術: 錬胆護身, 1925 
 空手道教範, 1935 
 空手道一路, 1956
 Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text, 1973
 The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate: The Spiritual Legacy of the Master, 1975
 Karate-Do: My Way of Life, 1975
 Karate-Do Nyumon: The Master Introductory Text. 1988
 Karate Jutsu: The Original Teachings of Master Funakoshi, 2001
 The Essence of Karate, 2010

References

Other websites

 Funakoshi, Gichin, 1870-1956 at Virtual International Authority File 

 

1868 births
1957 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Japanese martial artists
Jeffrey Mass

Jeffrey Paul Mass (June 29, 1940 – March 30, 2001) was an American academic, historian, author and Japanologist.  He was Yamato Ichihashi Professor of Japanese History at Stanford University.

Early life
Mass was born in New York City in 1940. He earned a BA degree in history from Hamilton College in 1961. He received his PhD. in history from Yale University in 1971.

Career
Mass joined the Stanford University faculty in 1973.  He became a full professor in 1981.

Selected works
In an overview of writings by and about Mass, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 30+ works in 110+ publications in 3 languages and 5,000+ library holdings. 
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Warrior government in early medieval Japan: a study of the Kamakura Bakufu, shugo and jitō, 1974
 The Kamakura bakufu: a study in documents, 1976
 The development of Kamakura rule, 1180-1250: a history with documents, 1979
 Court and Bakufu in Japan: essays in Kamakura history, 1982 
 The Bakufu in Japanese history, 1985
 Lordship and inheritance in Early Medieval Japan: a study of the Kamakura Soryō system, 1989
 Antiquity and anachronism in Japanese history, 1992
 The origins of Japan's medieval world: courtiers, clerics, warriors, and peasants in the fourteenth century, 1997 
 Yoritomo and the founding of the first Bakufu: the origins of dual government in Japan, 1999

References

Other websites
  Mass, Jeffrey P., 1940-2001 at Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)

  Jeffrey P. Mass, 1940-2001 at MeijiGakuin.ac.jp

1940 births
2001 deaths
American historians
Japanologists
Foie gras

Foie gras (play /fwɑːˈɡrɑː/; French: [fwa ɡʁɑ]); French for "fat liver") is a food product made of the liver of a duck or goose that has been specially fattened. Foie gras is defined as the liver of a duck fattened by gavage (force-feeding corn), although outside of France it is occasionally produced using natural feeding.

Foie gras is a popular and well-known delicacy in French cuisine. Its flavor is described as rich, buttery, and delicate, unlike that of an ordinary duck or goose liver. Foie gras is sold whole, or is prepared into mousse, parfait or pâté (the lowest quality), and may also be served as an accompaniment to another food item, such as steak.

There is concern in animal rights circles that the way of making it is cruel.

French food
Spreads
Poultry
Offal
Birdy (musician)

Jasmine van den Bogaerde (born 15 May 1996), also known by her stage name Birdy,  is an English musician. She was born in Lymington, Hampshire. She won the music competition Open Mic UK in 2008, at the age of 12. Her version of Bon Iver's "Skinny Love" was successful, peaking inside the top twenty of the charts in her native United Kingdom and in some other European countries. Her eponymous first album Birdy was released on 7 November 2011. the album peaked at No. 13 in the UK and in the top 5 in France, Belgium and the Netherlands and number 1 in Australia. Her second album Fire Within was released 23 September 2013 in the UK. She is the great-niece of Dirk Bogarde.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

1996 births
Living people
British child singers
English singer-songwriters
Musicians from Hampshire
Staphylococcal infection

A staphylococcal infection (also called staph infection) is an infection caused by a Staphylococcus bacterium. Staphylococcus can cause many different infections. It can also cause food poisoning.

Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is a staphylococcus bacterium that can cause dangerous or even fatal diseases. Because Staphylococcus aureus can live on dry surfaces, such as doorknobs or tables, for longer than most bacteria, someone can get sick from Staphylococcus aureus from touching one of those surfaces if someone with a staphylococcal infection has touched it even if there is nobody who has a staphylococcal infection near them. Staphylococcus aureus can also cause toxic shock syndrome by releasing toxins into the bloodstream.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is Staphylococcus aureus that is not cured by the antibiotic Methicillin or any other penicillin or cephalosporin antibiotics. This is called antibiotic resistance. Because penicillin and cephalosporin are the most important drugs that doctors use to treat Staphylococcus aureus infections, doctors may not be able to cure people with MRSA.

Types of staph infections

Other Staphylococcus bacteria
Other Staphylococcus bacteria can cause infections, including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a bacterium that is normally on the skin. If someone has a disease that makes his or her immune system work badly, this bacterium might give him or her an infection. Staphylococcus saprophyticus can cause urinary tract infections in women.

Diseases caused by bacteria
Musa Ibrahim

Musa Ibrahim () is a Bangladeshi mountaineer and a journalist. He reached the summit around 5:05am BST on May 23, 2010. He put up the flag of Bangladesh on the summit at around 5:16am BST. From then, Bangladesh became the 67th country to have one of its citizens reach the top of Mount Everest.

Musa Ibrahim is the General Secretary of North Alpine Club Bangladesh, a Bangladeshi mountaineering club. He also serves as Senior Correspondent at Channel 24. He also served as the sub-editor of The Daily Star. 
He founded "Everest Academy" on 2011 to get more young people to participate in mountaineering and adventure activities.

Musa reached the top of Mount Kilimanjaro on 13 September 2011, with his team member Niaz Morshed Patwary.

Education 
Musa Ibrahim attained his Bachelor of Education(B.Ed) degree on Science Education and Master of Education(M.Ed) degree on Educational Evaluation and Research from 'Institute of Education and Research (IER), University of Dhaka. He also attained a degree on Disaster Management from BRAC University. Musa Ibrahim was a student of Thakurgaon Sugar Mills High School during 1983 to 1994.

Family 
Musa Ibrahim is the second child of his parents. His father's name is Ansar Ali and mother's name is Bilkis Begum. His elder sister is Noor Ayesha, UN employee and younger brother is Shoeb Harun, studying in Sydney, Australia. He got married in January 2007 to Ummey Sharaban Tahura, Assistant Judge. Their only son is Wasi Ibrahim Raiid.

Mountaineering timeline
September 13, 2011: Mount Kilimanjaro (5,885 m/19,308 ft) Summit
May 23, 2010: Everest(8848m/29,029 ft) Summit
June 14, 2009: Annapurna IV (7525m/24682 ft) Summit
December 1, 2008: Langsisa Ri (6310m/20700 ft) Summit
May, 2007: Chullu West(6419m/21054 ft)Ascent up to  18500 ft
May, 2006: Frey Peak(5831m/19125 ft) Summit
September, 2005: Advanced Mountaineering Training(5335m/17500 ft) Finished training successfully
May, 2005: Mera Peak(6654m/21825 ft) Ascent up to  18500 ft
May 10–23, 2004: EBC Trail(5335m/17500 ft) Trekked successfully
April, 2004: Basic Mountaineering Training(4878m/16000 ft) Finished training successfully
April 8–16, 2002: Annapurna Trail(3800m/12464 ft) Ascent Muktinath
September 2000: Keocradong Hill(967m/3172 ft) Trekked to the top successfully

References

 thedailystar.net

Other websites
Musa's official website
http://jugantor.info/enews/issue/2010/05/25/news0454.php 
http://www.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2010-05-25/news/65859 
http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=162247&hb=top 

1979 births
Living people
Bangladeshi journalists
Mountain climbers
Solovyev Alexander

Alexander Vladislavovich Solovyev (; born 1978) is a notable Russian choirmaster, conductor, and public figure in music.

Activities 
 Choirmaster and director of the Chamber Choir of the Moscow Conservatory
 Deputy Art director and choirmaster of the Russian State Chorus named after Sveshnikov
 Art director and conductor of the Japanese opera «O-Natsu», project of the World Music Studies Center
 Founder and Chief conductor of the Concert Choir of the Moscow Pedagogical State University
 Conductor of the Moscow State Theatre «Lenkom»
 Teacher of the Choir conducting department at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory
 Senior lecturer of the Music Department of MPSU
 Director of the Autumn Choral Festival of the Moscow Conservatory
 In 2004 Laureate «Grand Prix» of Youth choral competition «Moscow is Sounding»
 In 2006 Laureate of I All-Russian Festival-competition of Liturgy Music after Sergey Taneev
 In 2007 Laureate of the Lomonossov Award
 In 2004, 2008 Laureate of Moscow Student Festival «Festos»
 since 2012 A. Solovyev art director of the Chamber Choir of Moscow Conservarory
 since October 2012 the main guest conductor of Educational Bridge Project Festival Choir (Boston, USA)

References
 A. Solovyev on official site of Moscow conservatory  
 Interkultur 
 Educational Bridge Project

1978 births
Living people
Russian conductors
Sidney Altman

Sidney Altman (born May 7, 1939)  is a Canadian-American molecular biologist. He is currently  Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Chemistry at Yale University. In 1989 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Thomas Cech for their work on the catalytic properties of RNA. Altman is of Jewish descent.

Altman's Nobel Prize work came with the analysis of the catalytic properties of the ribozyme RNase P. RNase P is a ribonucleoprotein particle, part RNA and part protein. Originally it was thought that, in the bacterial RNase P complex, the protein subunit was responsible for the catalytic activity of the complex.

During experiments in which the complex was taken apart and put together in test tubes, Altman and his group discovered a remarkable thing.  The RNA component, in isolation, was enough for the observed catalytic activity of the enzyme. This was remarkable because, previously, it was thought that only enzymes could catalyse reactions in living cells. Altman's research showed that RNA itself had catalytic properties. This was the discovery that earned him the Nobel prize.

Although the RNase P complex also exists in eukaryotic organisms, Altman's later work showed that in eukaryotes the protein subunits are essential to the catalytic activity, in contrast to the bacterial RNase P.

References

Other websites
Sidney Altman Nobel Lecture: Enzymatic cleavage of RNA by RNA
Altman S Author Profile Page on Pubget

1939 births
Living people
American molecular biologists
American Nobel Prize winners
Canadian academics
Canadian Jews
Canadian Nobel Prize winners
Canadian scientists
Columbia University alumni
Jewish academics
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Montreal
Brian Cox (actor)

Brian Denis Cox, CBE (born 1 June 1946) is a Scottish movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles in Manhunter, Rushmore, X2, Troy, and in RED. He has won an Emmy Award and an BAFTA Award.

Cox was born on 1 June 1946 in Dundee, Scotland. He studied at the Dundee Repertory Theatre and at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. Cox was married to Caroline Burt from 1968 until they divorced in 1986. He married Nicole Ansari in 2002. With Burt, he had four children, two who were stillborn. With Ansari, he has two sons.

References

Other websites

1946 births
Living people
Golden Globe Award winning actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
People from Dundee
Scottish movie actors
Scottish stage actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish voice actors
Kathryn Bigelow

Kathryn Ann Bigelow (born November 27, 1951) is an American movie director, movie producer, screenwriter and television director. She won an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, and a Saturn Award for her movie The Hurt Locker. She is known for her movies such as Point Break, Near Dark, Strange Days, and Zero Dark Thirty.

Bigelow was born on November 27, 1951 in San Carlos, California. She studied at the San Francisco Art Institute and at Columbia University. She was married to James Cameron from 1989 until they divorced in 1991.

References

Other websites

1951 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
American television directors
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Academy Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning directors
Saturn Award winners
Mizo National Front

Mizo National Front (MNF) is a regional political party in Mizoram, India. It held a major uprising in 1966. In 1986, it signed the Mizo Accord with the Government of India, ending the violence.

References 

Political parties in India
1961 establishments in Asia
Mizoram
1960s establishments in India
Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher

Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Fürst von Wahlstatt (; December 16, 1742 – September 12, 1819) was a Prussian general who went to war against Napoleon. A bust in the German Walhalla temple near Regensburg was sculpted in his honour.

Other websites 
von Blucher at thefreedictionary.com

1742 births
1819 deaths
German generals
People from Rostock
João Goulart

João Belchior Marques Goulart (March 1, 1918 – December 6, 1976) was the 24th President of Brazil. He was deposed by a coup d'état in April 1, 1964.

Presidents of Brazil
1918 births
1976 deaths
Rio Grande do Sul
Presidents of the Federal Senate
CEU Cardinal Herrera University

CEU Cardenal Herrera University (in Spanish language Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera) is a prestigious private university in Valencia, Spain. The university gained its current name in 1999. The Foundation inaugurated its work in Valencia in 1971 and in Elche in 1994. Since then, their academic offers have increased.

The university has three schools: Social Sciences, Health and Experimental Sciences, and Technical. It has three campuses in Moncada and Elche (Alicante). UCH-CEU currently has over 10,000 students from all over Spain, especially the regions of Valencia, Murcia, Majorca, Ibiza. Every year, it also welcomes more international students with programs like European Erasmus Programme.

References

 http://www.altillo.com/en/universities/spain/Cardena_%20Herrera-CEU_University.asp
 http://www.uchceu.es/
 http://www.infinitecourses.com/SADetails.aspx?University=Universidad-CEU-Cardenal-Herrera&UniversityID=11953
 http://www.universidad.es/universities/spains_universities/universidad_cardenal_herrera_ceu_en 
 http://internacional.universia.net/espanya/uch.ceu/inf_general_ing.htm

Other websites
 Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera

1971 establishments in Europe
Colleges and universities in Europe
Valencia
1970s establishments in Spain
Pakistan national cricket team

The Pakistan cricket team (), nicknamed  Green Shirts or Shaheens (Eagles), is the national cricket team of Pakistan. Represented by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the team is a full member of the International Cricket Council. It Started with a Test match in 1952. Pakistan has played 889 ODIs, 121 Twenty20s and 412 Tests. Pakistan cricket team won the 1992 World Cup with the captaincy of Imran Khan and were 2nd in the 1999 World Cup.

Squad

Test Cricket

One Day Interationals

Twenty20

References

Cricket
Cricket clubs
1952 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Pakistan
Government of Bangladesh

Bangladesh has a parliamentary representative democratic republic.  The Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government.

The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972.  There have been fifteen amendments.

All citizens are able to vote after they turn 18.  There are 300 members of the legislature.  They are elected at least every 5 years.

References

Bangladesh
Ricki Lake (TV series)

The Ricki Lake Show was an American talk show which had Ricki Lake as the host. It began on September 11, 1993 and ended on May 25, 2004. The show was similar to The Oprah Winfrey Show.

References

Other websites

1993 American television series debuts
2004 American television series endings
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
American television talk shows
English-language television programs
Valentinian III

Valentinian III (; 2 July 419 – 16 March 455), was Roman emperor in the western Roman Empire from 425 to 455. After Attila the Hun was defeated, Valentinian feared that his general Aetius would overthrow him. So, Valentinian killed Aetius, whose guards then killed Valentinian.

References

Roman Emperors
419 births
455 deaths
Alibori Department

Alibori is the largest and northernmost département of Benin.  It has an area of 25,683 km².  In 2003 the population was 355,950.

The department is divided into 6 communes.  Each commune is centered at one of the main towns: Banikoara, Gogounou, Kandi, Karimama, Malanville, and Ségbana. The department borders the countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria.

The département was made in 1999 when it was split off from Borgou. Since 2008, the capital has been Kandi.

References  

Departments of Benin
Ridlington

Ridlington is a village in Rutland in the East Midlands of England.

References

Settlements in Rutland
Villages in England
Atakora Department

Atakora is the northwestern department of Benin. It borders Togo to the west and Burkina Faso to the north. It is the most mountainous area of Benin.  It is where the president, Mathieu Kérékou, was born.

It is a much drier area of the country than the south.  There are 3 major seasons, a rainy season that runs from May or June to September or October, a Harmattan season of cool, dry winds that runs from October or November to February, and a hot, Famine season that runs from February to April.

Atakora is divided into the communes of Boukoumbé, Cobly, Kérou, Kouandé, Matéri, Natitingou, Pehonko, Tanguiéta, and Toucountouna.

In 1999 the southern part of Atakora was split off to form the new Donga Department.

References  

Departments of Benin
Atlantique Department

Atlantique is one of the twelve departments of Benin.

Atlantique is divided into the communes of Abomey-Calavi, Allada, Kpomassè, Ouidah, Sô-Ava, Toffo, Tori-Bossito, and Zè.

In 1999 the Littoral Department was split off from Atlantique.

References  

Departments of Benin
Borgou Department

Borgou is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The total area is 25,310 km.².

Communities
Borgou is divided into the communes of Bembèrèkè, Kalalé, N’Dali, Nikki, Parakou, Pèrèrè, Sinendé, and Tchaourou.

Departments of Benin
Collines Department

Collines is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Collines was formed in 1999. Since 2008, the capital is Savalou.

Communitie
Collines is divided into the communes of Bantè, Dassa-Zoumè, Glazoué, Ouèssè, Savalou, and Savé.

Departments of Benin
Donga Department

Donga is one of the twelve departments of Benin.

History
Donga was formed in 1999 when Donga was split from Atakora. The capital of Donga is Djougou.  

Departments of Benin
Desmond Llewelyn

Desmond Wilkinson Llewelyn (12 September 1914 – 19 December 1999) was a Welsh movie, television, stage, radio and voice actor. He was best known for his role as Q in 17 of the James Bond movies from 1963 through 1999.

Llewelyn was born on 12 September 1914 in Newport, Monmouthshire. He studied at Radley College. Llewelyn was married to Pamela Mary Pantlin from 1938 until his death in 1999. He died on 19 December 1999 in Firle, East Sussex, England due to being injured in a road accident. He was 85.

References

Other websites

1914 births
1999 deaths
Actors who played Q
British radio actors
People from Newport
Road accident deaths in the United Kingdom
Welsh movie actors
Welsh stage actors
Welsh television actors
Welsh voice actors
Kouffo Department

Kouffo is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Kouffo borders the country of Togo. Since 2008, the capital is Aplahoué. This department was formed in 1999 when it split from the department of Mono.

Kouffo is divided into the communes of Aplahoué, Djakotomey, Klouékanmè, Lalo, Toviklin and Dogbo.

Departments of Benin
Littoral Department

Littoral is one of the twelve departments of Benin. It has just one commune/city, Cotonou.  It is the largest city in the country and the economic capital. Littoral is the smallest department of the twelve. Littoral was split from the Atlantique Department in 1999.

Departments of Benin
Mono Department

Mono is one of the twelve departments of Benin. The capital of this department is Lokossa.  The department of Kouffo was part of Mono until 1999.  

The Gen language is only spoken in this department in Benin. Other languages spoken in this area are Ewe and some of the Phla–Pherá languages

Mono is divided into the communes of Bopa, Comé, Grand-Popo, and Houéyogbé.

Departments of Benin
Ouémé Department

Ouémé is one of the twelve departments of Benin.

In 1999 the northern part of the department was split off to form the new Plateau Department.

The department is divided into 9 communes: Adjarra, Adjohoun, Aguégués, Akpro-Missérété, Avrankou, Bonou, Dangbo, Porto Novo, and Sèmè-Kpodji.

Departments of Benin
Plateau Department

Plateau is one of the twelve departments of Benin.

Plateau is divided into the communes of Ifangni, Adja-Ouèrè, Kétou, Pobè and Sakété.

Departments of Benin
Zou Department

Zou is one of the twelve departments of Benin.

Zou is divided into the communes of Abomey, Agbangnizoun, Bohicon, Cové, Djidja, Ouinhi, Za-Kpota, Zangnanado, and Zogbodomey.

References

Departments of Benin
Matthew Lillard

Matthew Lyn Lillard (born January 24, 1970) is an American actor, voice actor, director, and producer. He is known for portraying Chip Sutphin in Serial Mom (1994), Emmanuel "Cereal Killer" Goldstein in Hackers (1995), Stevo in SLC Punk! (1998), Tim LaFlour in Senseless (1998), Billy Brubaker in Summer Catch (2001), Jerry Conlaine in Without a Paddle (2004), Dez Howard in The Groomsmen (2006), Joey in Home Run Showdown (2012), Jack Rusoe in Return to Nim's Island (2013) and Shaggy Rogers in both Scooby-Doo (2002) and Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed (2004). In animation, he has been the current voice of Shaggy since veteran actor Casey Kasem retired from the role.

Lillard was born on January 24, 1970 in Lansing, Michigan. His father is of English, French-Canadian, German, Irish, Native American and Welsh descent and His mother is of Danish, English and Portuguese descent. He was raised Christian. He studied at Foothill High School and at American Academy of Dramatic Arts with fellow actor Paul Rudd. Lillard dated Neve Campbell from 1996 to 1998, the two remained friends. And Lillard married Heather Helm since 2000. They have three children.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

References

Other websites
 

1970 births
Living people
American Christians
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
American television directors
American television producers
Actors from Michigan
People from Lansing, Michigan
Thomas Boni Yayi

Dr. Thomas Boni Yayi (born 1 July 1952) is a Beninese politician and banker. He served as the President of Benin from 6 April 2006 to 6 April 2016. He was re-elected to a second term in March 2011. From 29 January 2012 to 27 January 2013, he was the Chairperson of the African Union.

On 15 March 2007, Boni Yayi survived an assassination attempt.  Several of the people travelling with the president were wounded in gunfire between the presidential guard and the would-be assassins.

On 23 October 2012, the BBC said that his doctor, niece, and former commerce minister had been arrested in a plot to poison the president. The niece changed his medicine to a "toxic substance" while he was on a state visit to Brussels.

In September 2021, Patrice Talon and Thomas Boni Yayi, political allies who have become intimate enemies, met at the Marina Palace in Cotonou. During this tête-à-tête, Thomas Boni Yayi presented Patrice Talon with a series of proposals and requests, relating in particular to the release of “political detainees”.'

References

Other websites

1952 births
Living people
Presidents of Benin
African Union chairpersons
Pascal Koupaki

Pascal Irénée Koupaki (born May 1949) is a Beninese politician. He was the Prime Minister of Benin from May 2011 to August 2013. He was Director of the Cabinet of the Prime Minister from 1996 to 1998. 

He was a member of the Board of Directors for African Development Bank.

References

1951 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Benin
Silver-haired bat

The silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) is a species of bat.  It is the only member of the genus Lasionycteris.

The bat is found in Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, and the United States. They are the most common bat in forested areas in the United States. Silver-haired bats are also called Silverwings.

Description 
Silver-haired bats are nearly black.  They have silvery-tipped hairs on their back. It's a medium-sized, heavily furred bat. It weighs around 8-12 grams.  Its total length is around 100 mm on average, its tail being 40 mm.

Distribution and Habitat 
Silver-haired bat is found in Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It is found from southeastern Alaska in summer to northeastern Mexico in winter. It lives in dry habitats at low elevations during seasonal migrations. They often roost in tree cavities or in bark crevices on tree trunks, especially during migration.

Feeding 
Silver-haired bats mainly eat insects with soft bodies, such as moths, but will also eat spiders and harvestmen. It will forage low, over both still and running water, and also in forest openings. Silver-haired bats are slow but can turn quickly. They can use echolocation to find prey that is a short distance away.

In Fiction
Shade is the name of the main character in the novel Silverwing by Kenneth Oppel.  He is a young silver-haired bat runt.

References

Bats
Mammals of North America
Bush rat

The bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) is a small Australian nocturnal animal.  It is an omnivore. It is one of the most common species of rats.

The bush rat is found most in the coastal regions of southwestern Australia.  It is mostly in the lowlands, but the bush rat can also be found in parts of the Australian Alps and on some offshore islands.

It is a pest species because it can destroy cane fields.  It is also host to more parasites than any other Australian rodent.

References

Old World rats and mice
Mammals of Australia
Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad

The Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad (also known as the OCC, or the Gora Qabristan, White-people's cemetery), is a cemetery in Abbottabad, Pakistan. It dates from British Indian colonial times. 

The cemetery was established in 1853 when James Abbott founded Abbottabad. It was later attached to St Luke's Church, Abbottabad when it was completed in 1864.

Buildings and structures in Abbottabad
Religion in Pakistan
1853 establishments
19th-century establishments in Pakistan
1850s establishments in Asia
Supermarine Spitfire

The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft. It was used by the Royal Air Force and many other Allied countries throughout the Second World War. The Spitfire was designed by R. J. Mitchell as a short-range, high-performance interceptor aircraft. There were more Spitfires made than any other British aircraft and it was the only British fighter that was being made throughout the war.

The Spitfire's elliptical wing had a thin cross-section. This allowed a higher top speed than other fighters of the time, including the Hawker Hurricane. The elliptic shaped wing gives the aircraft a very low amount of induced drag. Speed was seen as essential to carry out the mission of home defence against enemy bombers. The original airframe was designed to be powered by a Rolls-Royce Merlin engine producing 1,030 hp (768 kW).

Because of its higher performance, Spitfire units had a higher victory-to-loss ratio than units flying Hurricanes.

A tribute to the people who built the spitfires can be found next to the site of the factory where they were made. It is in Castle Bromwich in Birmingham. It is a sculpture called Sentinel.

Specifications (Spitfire MK VB)
Data from Spitfire: The History[184] and Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II[185]

General characteristics

Crew: one pilot
Length: 29 ft 11 in (9.12 m)
Wingspan: 36 ft 10 in (11.23 m)
Height: 11 ft 5 in (3.86 m)
Wing area: 242.1 ft2 (22.48 m2)
Airfoil: NACA 2213 (root)
NACA 2209.4 (tip)
Empty weight: 5,065 lb (2,297 kg)
Loaded weight: 6,622 lb (3,000 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 6,700 lb (3,039 kg)
powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Merlin 45[nb 16] supercharged V12 engine, 1,470 hp (1,096 kW) at 9,250 ft (2,819 m)

Performance

Maximum speed: 370 mph (322 kn, 595 km/h)
Combat radius: 410 nmi (470 mi (756 km))
Ferry range: 991 nmi (1,135 mi (1,827 km))
Service ceiling: 36,500 ft (11,125 m)
Rate of climb: 2,600 ft/min (13.2 m/s)
Wing loading: 27.35 lb/ft2 (133.5 kg/m2)
Power/mass: 0.22 hp/lb (0.36 kW/kg)

Armament

Guns:
A wing
 8 × .303 in Browning Mk II* machine guns (350 rounds per gun)
 B wing
 2 × 20 mm Hispano Mk II (60 rounds per gun)
 4 × .303 in Browning Mk II* machine guns (350 rounds per gun)
 C wing
 4 × 20 mm Hispano Mk II cannon (120 rounds per gun)
 C wing (Alt.)
 2 × 20 mm Hispano Mk II (120 rounds per gun)
 4 × .303 in Browning Mk II* machine guns (350 rounds per gun)
 E wing
 2 × 20 mm Hispano Mk II cannon (120 rounds per gun)
 2 × .50 in M2 Browning machine guns (250 rounds per gun)

References 

World War II British aircraft
Royal Air Force aircraft
Aircraft
World War II aircraft
Khokhar

The Khokhar are an indigenous tribe of  people of the Punjab region of Pakistan. They are considered to be of Rajput origins by some historians and as Jatt by others. It is certain that they were mostly Hindus during the 11th and 12th centuries AD and gradually converted to Islam. Today, almost all of them follow this religion. 

The Khokhars mostly live in the Salt Range in the North and the Gujranwala District of Central Punjab. They are an agricultural tribe.

Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Pakistani tribes
Punjabi people
Baha-ud-din Naqshband

Hazrat Sheikh Baha-ud-din Naqshband Bukhari (1318–1389) was a Muslim Sufi saint and founder of the Naqshbandi Order. 

1318 births
1389 deaths
Asian Sufis
Muslims
Meshech

Meshech is a person mentioned in the Bible, described in Genesis 10 as the son of Japheth, son of Noah. 

Meshech in the Bible can also mean the tribe that came from his children, or the country where they lived, for example in Psalm 120:5. Many Bible Atlases such as IVP and Zondervan  state it was in Asia Minor, while others say the Caucasus.

Related pages
For Gog, 'the chief ruler of the nations of Meshech and Tubal' (Book of Ezekiel 39:1) see Armageddon

References
Prophezine.com
Topical Bible.org

Old Testament people
Of Monsters and Men

Of Monsters and Men is an indie pop-rock group from Iceland. They have had many hit songs, including their 2011 single "Little Talks".

Pop music groups
Icelandic people
Mukti Bahini

Mukti Bahini () was a Bengali military force in East Pakistan. It fought against the Pakistan Army in the Bangladesh Liberation War. The war was fought in 1971, and the group was formed during the war. This organisation was also known as the Liberation Army of Bengal. Together with India it fought against the forces of West Pakistan. After the war, East Pakistan became independent from West Pakistan, and is known as Bangladesh today.

References

1971 in Bangladesh
Nationalist organizations in Bangladesh
Armies
1971 in Pakistan
Bangladesh Liberation War
Linear A

Linear A is an ancient script used on Crete. No one has been able to translate this script yet.  It was one of the writing systems used in Minoan Crete. Another script, about a century older, is called Cretan hieroglyphs. For some time, both methods of writing were used. Probably, each system was used for a special purpose.

Linear A was used from about the 17th century BC until the 15th century BC. Linear B is a script based on Linear A. It has been translated. Archaeologist Arthur Evans found both Linear A and B.

Linear A has about fifty signs that are similar to those in Linear B. About 80% of the signs in Linear A are unique. Using the knowledge from Linear B to read Linear A produces text which cannot be read. The language used has been called Eteocretan. It does not seem to be related to any known language. Today, about 70 characters (probably representing syllables) are known. The meaning of about 100 ideographic characters is known. These are combined with the syllables. Also, there are a few numerals whose value is known.

Most texts seem to be lists. A few are probably short dedications, as they are found on libations. So far, no long texts have been found. Straight lines, such as those used for Linear A, are not very practical to use on clay tables. For this reasons, most writing was probably done on other things, such as papyrus or parchment. The problem with these materials is that they do not last as long as clay does. For this reason, most writing on papyrus and parchment has probably been lost.

References

Unreadable writing systems
Minoan culture
Thetford Hoard

The Thetford Hoard, or Thetford Treasure, is a hoard of Romano-British metalwork found at Gallows Hill, near Thetford in Norfolk, in November 1979. It is now in the British Museum.

Dating from the mid- to late-4th century AD, this hoard is a collection of thirty-three silver spoons and three silver strainers, twenty-two gold finger rings, four gold bracelets, four necklace pendants, five gold chain necklaces and two pairs of necklace-clasps, a gold amulet designed as a pendant, an unmounted engraved gem, four beads (one emerald and three of glass), and a gold belt-buckle decorated with a dancing satyr. A small cylindrical lidded box made from shale also belonged to the hoard.

Discovery 
The find was made under unfortunate circumstances. The site had been recently cleared for building work, and the finder was using a metal-detector without the knowledge and permission of the owners of the site. The discovery was made late on a November day, in failing light. The finder recovered the material in great haste, probably overlooking some small items, because he knew he had no legal right to search in that area. He did not, as the law requires, report his discovery to the authorities.  Instead, he unwisely attempted to sell the objects he had found to private buyers.

By the time archaeologists learned of the find several months later, the place had been built over, which made proper archaeological investigation impossible. It was not even possible to question the finder about the circumstances: by the time the material arrived at the British Museum for study, he was terminally ill, and he died about a month later, in July 1980.

There were persistent rumours that the treasure originally included coins, and probably the group as we see it now is incomplete. The full account of the circumstances of the discovery is told in the standard catalogue.

References 

Norfolk
Archaeological sites in England
Treasure troves
Linear B

Linear B is an ancient script, used to write Mycenaean Greek, as the oldest known form of Ancient Greek. This was proved by Michael Ventris in the early 1950s. Linear B came before the Greek alphabet by several centuries.

The script is based on Linear A, a script which cannot be read today. The oldest texts written in Linear B date from about 1450 BC. Linear B was found mainly in the palace archives at Knossos, Cydonia, Pylos, Thebes and Mycenae. The writing of Linear B language disappeared with the fall of the Mycenaean civilization.

There are about 87 signs in Linear B that represent syllables. In addition, there are many ideographic signs: These represent objects or commodities. They do not represent sounds, and are never used as word signs in writing a sentence.

Linear B seems to have only been used for administration. In all the thousands of clay tablets, a relatively small number of different "hands" (or writers) have been detected: 45 in Pylos (west coast of the Peloponnese, in southern Greece) and 66 in Knossos (Crete). The script may have only been used by a guild of professional scribes. These scribes worked at the different palaces: when the palaces were destroyed, the script disappeared.

References

Writing systems
Ancient Greece
Bijbehara

Bijbehara () is a town in Anantnag District, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Tehsils of Jammu and Kashmir
Cretan hieroglyphs

Cretan hieroglyphs is a writing system, used in Crete from about the 20th to the 15th century BC. It is undeciphered, so it cannot be read today. For most of its history, it was used together with Linear A. Most symbols are pictograms, for some symbols, experts do not agree on what they represent. Most of the corpus consists of short inscriptions on seal stones, and clay tablets.  The texts are usually very short, they are inscriptions on seals, and markers on clay tablets. There are three items that are noticeably different: A stone called Malia altar stone, the Phaistos Disc and the Arkalochori Axe. The exact relation of these items to the rest of the corpus is unknown.

In total, there are 137 symbols. 96 seem to be words, or part of words. 32 are probably Logograms. 9 seem to represent fractions. There are four numerals, standing for 1, 10, 100 and 1000. One symbol is  used to separate words, like a hyphen, another looks like a  cross, and probably stands for the beginning of the text. The writing is probably syllabic.

References
J. G. Younger: The Cretan Hieroglyphic Script: A Review Article; Minos 31–32 (1996–1997), pp 379–400.

Unreadable writing systems
Minoan culture
Clay tablet

Clay tablets were a medium used for writing. They were common in the Fertile Crescent, from about the 5th millennium BC. A clay tablet is a more or less flat surface made of clay. Using a stylus, symbols were pressed into the soft clay. It is possible to correct errors on the tablet. The tablet was then baked until dry and hard, either by leaving it out in the sun, or in a fire. Sun-baked tablets could be moistened and recycled. The ones that survived thousands of years were baked in fire.
They were used by the Sumerian civilisation in Mesopotamia.

Cuneiform was the first writing used on clay tablets. The system was used by several civilizations who spoke several different languages.

Writing media
Hypostatic model of personality

The hypostatic model of personality is a way of viewing the many sides of a person's character. The model says that a person can behave and appear to others in many ways, depending on how that person is, but also on how someone looks at that person. It says that people are not one-sided, but are a little bit of everything. For example, today someone can be mean, and tomorrow he can be good. How someone appears also depends on things and people around him or her. For example, sometimes the most coward person may become the greatest hero, if he is called to save someone's life. All these "sides" of a person have to be known by scientists so they can change them for the better.

References

Psychology
Bodo people

The Bodos (pronounced bo-ros) are an ethnic and linguistic community, early settlers of Assam in the northeast part of the Republic of India.

Related pages 
 Bodo nationalism

Ethnic groups in India
Assam
Liam Payne

Liam James Payne (born 29 August 1993) is an English singer and songwriter. He rose to fame as a member of the band One Direction. In 2016, Payne signed a recording deal with Capitol Records as a solo artist, and with Republic Records in the United States.

References

1933 births
Living people
English singer-songwriters
English rock singers
English pop singers
People from Wolverhampton
Born to Run (song)

"Born to Run" is a rock music song by Bruce Springsteen. The song is on Springsteen's 1975 album, Born to Run. The song was recorded on August 1974.  It became one of the biggest hits of his career. Rolling Stone ranked the song 21st on their list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".

Other websites 
 Lyrics 

1975 songs
Rock songs
Hogtying

Hogtie is a way of tying all limbs together, to prevent an animal from escaping. It was originally used with pigs and cattle. In BDSM, hogtie refers to the practice of tying up the submissive, so that they cannot move. This is dangerous, because the tied person or animal will have problem breathing, so precautions need to be taken. 

Animal husbandry
BDSM