cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Moca, Dominican Republic

The Dominican city of Moca is the head municipality of the Espaillat province.

It is in the Cibao Valley, south of the Cordillera Septentrional (English: Northern mountain range), in the southern part of the province.

History
People began to live in Moca during the first years of the 18th century, when the eastern part of the Hispaniola was the Spanish colony of "Santo Domingo".

After the Haitian independence, Jean Jacques Dessalines tried to get the eastern part of the island, that had been given by Spain to France. He tried for three weeks but could not take the city of Santo Domingo and so he came back to Haiti.

Those troops that went back to north Haiti, on 3 April 1805, kill all the inhabitants of Moca, except two persons, and burned completely the town.

Population
The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 94,981: 47,569 men and 47,569 women. The urban population was  of the total population.

Geography
Moca has a total area of  and Is at an elevation of . The city is at  to the north of Santo Domingo, on the western end of the Yuna Valley, the eastern part of the larger Cibao valley.

The municipality is on flat land with small hills to the west and low mountains to the north; these mountains are part of the Cordillera Septentrional and its highest mountain in the municipality, and in the province, is Loma El Mogote (),  high.

The municipality of Moca has the municipality of Jamao al Norte to the north, the Hermanas Mirabal province to the east, the La Vega province to the south, the Santiago province to the west and the Puerto Plata province to the northwest.

Climate
Moca has a tropical wet climate (Köppen climate classification : Af) with no dry or cold season as it is constantly moist.

The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of rainfall, followed by October with .

The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is March with an average of  and the second is February with .

Moca is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is June with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of

Administrative division
The municipality of Moca has eight municipal districts:

Economy 
The main economic activity of the province is agriculture and the main products are plantain, cassava, coffee and cacao.

Poultry raising, for both eggs and meat is also very important. Pigs are also raised in this municipality.

References

Settlements in the Dominican Republic
1822 establishments
19th-century establishments in the Spanish West Indies
1820s establishments in North America
Niger Delta

The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River. It is an area where many people live in Nigeria. 

Nigeria has become Africa's biggest producer of petroleum, and there are many oil wells in the Niger Delta.  The natural gas from the oil wells is all burnt, causing environmental problems.

Because of the money from petroleum production, there have been many political problems in recent times.  For example, many oil workers have been taken as hostages.

Other websites

Geography of Nigeria
River deltas
Batting (baseball)

In baseball, batting is the act of going against the other team's pitcher and trying to hit the baseball ball. A batter or hitter is the player who swings his bat to try to hit the ball. In Major League Baseball, pitchers usually do not bat unless they are playing in the National League where batters have to bat even if they are pitchers. In the American League, pitchers do not bat, and only pitch.

Batting the primary method by which Baseball teams play offense and score runs. A Batter bats by standing in the Batter's Box at Home Plate and either swinging or not swinging at the pitches the Pitcher throws. This activity collectively is known as an At Bat. The goal of the batter is get to get a hit, while the pitcher wants to get an out.

Other websites 
 Official Rules of Major League Baseball "The Batter"

Baseball
My Happy Ending

"My Happy Ending" is a song written and produced by Avril Lavigne and Butch Walker for Lavigne's second album, Under My Skin (2004).

Track listing 
Japan CD
(BVCP-29613; Released July 07, 2004)
 "My Happy Ending" (radio version)
 "My Happy Ending" (album version)
 "Don't Tell Me" (live acoustic version)

UK CD single 1 / French single
 "My Happy Ending" (album version)
 "Take It" (previously unreleased)

UK CD single 2
 "My Happy Ending"
 "My Happy Ending" (live acoustic version)
 "Take Me Away" (live acoustic version)
 "My Happy Ending" (music video)

Germany, Italy and Taiwan CD single
 "My Happy Ending" (album version)
 "My Happy Ending" (live acoustic version)
 "Take Me Away" (live acoustic version)
 "Take It" (previously unreleased)
 "My Happy Ending" (music video)

Australia CD single
 "My Happy Ending" (clean version)
 "My Happy Ending" (live acoustic version)
 "Take Me Away" (live acoustic version)
 "Take It" (previously unreleased)

US CD promo
 "My Happy Ending" (radio version) - 4:02
 "My Happy Ending" (album version) - 4:02
 "My Happy Ending" (Callout Hook) - 0:10

UK CD promo
 "My Happy Ending" (album version) [explicit]
 "My Happy Ending" (radio edit)[clean]

Charts

Release history

References 

Avril Lavigne songs
2004 songs
Club (weapon)

A club (also known as cudgel, baton, truncheon, night stick, and bludgeon) is a weapon mainly used to hit someone or something.  A club is a short staff, or stick, usually made of wood, and used as a weapon.  

A club can be used in one or two hands, but it is usually used in one hand.  A quarterstaff is a clubs that needs both hands to be used.  Many kinds of clubs are used in martial arts and other fields, including the law enforcement baton.

The wounds caused by a club are known as bludgeoning or blunt-force trauma injuries. In the United States, clubs are not as popular as the taser.

Weapons
Parental advisory

ParmParental Advisory is a sticker that tells parents that something may not be suitable for children. The sticker is usually placed on Music CDs. It tells parents that the texts of the songs contain words or phrases that some consider bad for children. Parental Advisory stickers will usually appear on Hip Hop and Rap albums. Comic books may also have a Parental Advisory sticker on them.

References 

Music
Itzhak Perlman

Itzhak Perlman (born August 31, 1945) is an Israeli-American violinist.

Early life 
Perlman was born in Tel Aviv which, three years later, became part of the state of Israel.  When he was small he listened to the violin on the radio and decided he wanted to play it. He studied at the Academy of Music in Tel Aviv.  Then he moved to the United States to study at the Juilliard School with Ivan Galamian and Dorothy DeLay. He made his first public performance at Carnegie Hall in 1963. In 1964 he won the Leventritt Competition. Soon afterward he began to tour widely. He also appeared on American television in shows including Sesame Street.  He was invited to play at the White House. 

Perlman had been ill with polio at the age of four. He got better, and managed to learn to walk again with the use of crutches. Today, he still walks with crutches and plays the violin sitting down.

Career 
In 1987, he joined the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra for their concerts in Warsaw and Budapest, as well as other Eastern bloc countries. He toured with the IPO in the spring of 1990 for their first-ever performance in the USSR, with concerts in Moscow and Leningrad, and toured with the IPO again in 1994, performing in China and India.

Perlman usually plays solos, but he also plays chamber music with other musicians, including Yo-Yo Ma, Jessye Norman and, especially, with Pinchas Zukerman.

Perlman usually plays classical music but sometimes he plays jazz.  He made an album made with jazz pianist Oscar Peterson, and klezmer. Perlman has been a soloist for a number of movie scores, including the score of the 1993 film Schindler's List by John Williams.

Perlman plays on a special Stradivarius violin called the Soil Stradivarius, made in 1714. He also plays on a Guarneri del Gesu made about 1743. 

In recent years, Perlman has also begun to conduct, taking the post of principal guest conductor at the Detroit Symphony Orchestra.

Perlman has made many recordings and received many great honours.

Perlman performed at Barack Obama's presidential inauguration. He joined cellist Yo-Yo Ma, pianist Gabriela Montero and clarinetist Anthony McGill.  Together they played "Air and Simple Gifts", a new arrangement by John Williams based on the Shaker hymn "'Tis A Gift To Be Simple."

Personal life 
Itzhak Perlman lives in New York City with his wife.  They have five children.

References

1945 births
Living people
American violinists
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American musicians
Jewish Israeli musicians
People from Tel Aviv
Keep Holding On

"Keep Holding On" is a 2006 song by Avril Lavigne. It was on the Eragon soundtrack, as well as the album The Best Damn Thing. It was Avril Lavigne's first CD song (but not CD single) released in North America since Fall to Pieces. It was released in Australia on the iTunes Store as a digital download.

References 

2006 songs
Avril Lavigne songs
Telstra

Telstra is the national telecommunications service in Australia. It is a member of the S&P/ASX 20 and Australia's largest telecommunications company by market share. Telstra is the largest wireless carrier in Australia, with 18.8 million subscribers as of 2020.

References

Telephone companies
Companies of Australia
Maxim Vengerov

Maxim Vengerov (born 1974) is a famous Russian violinist/conductor.

Life

Career 
Universally hailed as one of the world’s finest musicians, and often referred to as the greatest living string player in the world today, Grammy award winner Maxim Vengerov also enjoys international acclaim as a conductor and is one of the most in-demand soloists. 

Born in 1974, he began his career as a solo violinist at the age of five, won the Wieniawski and Carl Flesch international competitions at ages 10 and 15 respectively, studied with Galina Tourchaninova and Zakhar Bron, made his first recording at the age of 10, and went on to record extensively for high-profile labels including Melodia, Teldec and EMI, earning among others, Grammy and Gramophone artist of the year awards. 

In 2007 he followed in the footsteps of his mentor, the late Mstislav Rostropovich, and turned his attention to conducting and in 2010 was appointed the first chief conductor of the Gstaad Festival Orchestra. June 2014 saw Mr Vengerov graduate with a Diploma of Excellence from the Moscow Institute of Ippolitov-Ivanov with professor Yuri Simonov and he has since enrolled in a further 2-year program of opera conducting. 

In the 2016/17 season Mr Vengerov returned to Australia to open the season of the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and conducted the season finale of the Queensland Symphony Orchestra, with whom he is Artist in Residence this year. Further guest conducting engagements included the RTE Orchestra Dublin, Munich Philharmonic and Melbourne Symphony Orchestras. 

The coming 17/18 season will see Mr Vengerov return to Carnegie Hall with the Montreal Symphony Orchestra and premiere a new concerto at the Beijing Music Festival written for him by the renowned composer Qigang Chen before conducting Eugene Onegin in Brisbane and Moscow. He will also tour Europe, China and the US in recital.  

As one of Mr Vengerov’s greatest passions is the teaching and encouraging of young talent, he has held various teaching positions around the world and is currently Ambassador and visiting Professor of the International Menuhin Music Academy in Switzerland (IMMA) and as of September 2016, the Polonsky Visiting Professor of Violin at the Royal College of Music in London. 

In 1997 Mr Vengerov became the first classical musician to be appointed International Goodwill Ambassador by UNICEF. 

He plays the ex-Kreutzer Stradivari (1727).

References

Other websites 
 Maxim Vengerov official site 
 Maxim Vengerov fan site

1974 births
Living people

Russian musicians
Grammy Award winners
Violinists
Novosibirsk
Rudi Dutschke

Rudi Dutschke born Alfred Willi Rudi Dutschke (March 7, 1940 – December 24, 1979, Århus, Denmark) was a spokesperson of the left-wing German student movement of the 1960s. He famously split from those who went on to form the violent Red Army Faction. Instead he wanted to have 'a long march through the institutions' of power to create radical change from within government and society by becoming an important part of the machinery. This was an idea he took up from Antonio Gramsci and the Frankfurt school of Cultural Marxism.

In 1968, he survived an assassination attempt which seriously injured him. He had to re-learn how to speak altogether. Because of this attempt, he developed epilepsy. He drowned in his bath tub 12 years later. This was caused by an epileptic seizure.

References

German people
1940 births
1979 deaths
Sportswear

Sportswear is clothing, including footwear, worn for playing sports or to exercise.

Sportswear includes shorts, tracksuits, T-shirts, polo shirts and trainers. It also includes some underwear, such as the jockstrap. Sportswear is also often worn as casual fashion clothing.

Sports athletes wear a combination of different items of clothing such as sport shoes, pants and shirts. Some athletes wear personal armour such as helmets or American football body armour. 

sports clothing
Number (sports)

In team sports, the number, often referred to as the uniform number, squad number, jersey number, shirt number, sweater number, is the number worn on a player's uniform. It distinguishes each player from others wearing the same uniform. This is so that officials, scorers and spectators have something to identify each player. The number is usually shown on the back of the jersey. The player's surname is often written above or below the number. Sometimes the number also displayed on the front or sleeves, or on the player's shorts or headgear.

Related pages
Uniform number (Major League Baseball)
Uniform number (American football)

Team sports
Numbers
Sports words
Uniform number (Major League Baseball)

Uniform numbers are used to tell and identify different baseball players's and coach's. Over time, numbers can have a much more meaning to the player and fans. A number can be symbolic of a player's legacy, and has resulted in all kinds of superstition (or rumors). Uniforms numbers are put on the backs of baseball uniforms.

Retired numbers in Major League Baseball
Many teams retire numbers of important players who used to play for their team. Retiring a number means that nobody on that team can use that number anymore. Players' numbers are not retired while they are still playing baseball.

The number "42" was retired by all of Major League Baseball in 1997 because it was used by Jackie Robinson, who was the first black player in Major League Baseball. Players who were already wearing #42 were allowed to keep using the number, but nobody else could use it. As of 2010, New York Yankees pitcher Mariano Rivera was the last player using #42.

Major League Baseball
New York Knickerbockers (baseball)

The New York Knickerbockers were one of the first organized baseball teams who played the baseball rules that are still used today. The team was started by Alexander Cartwright, who is said to be one of the original developers of modern baseball.

In 1849, the New York Knickerbockers wore the first ever recorded baseball uniform. Their uniforms were pants made of blue wool, white flannel shirts and straw hats.

References 
Orem, Preston D. (1961), Baseball (1845-1881) From the Newspaper Accounts, Altadena, CA: Self-published ASIN B0007HTB88
Peterson, Harold (1969, 1973), The Man Who Invented Baseball, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons

Other websites 
"The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club" at Hickoksports.com 
"The History of Baseball – Alexander Cartwright"  at About.com

History of baseball
Los Angeles Dodgers

The Los Angeles Dodgers or LA Dodgers are the professional baseball team based in Los Angeles, California. They complete in Major League Baseball (MLB). The team played in the West Division of the National League. They play in Dodger Stadium. The team began play in Brooklyn, New York, starting in 1883. The team had several informal nicknames over the years, including the "Atlantics", the "Bridegrooms", the "Superbas" and the "Robins". The name "Dodgers" was first used in the 1890s. It was short for "Trolley Dodgers".

The Brooklyn Dodgers played in several ballparks. The most famous of them was Ebbets Field, their home from 1913 through 1958. In 1959 they moved to Los Angeles. They played in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum for four years. In 1962 they opened Dodger Stadium, and have played there ever since.

The Dodgers have been to the World Series 22 times, and won it six times: 1955, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1981, 1988 and 2020.  Most recently, they were in the World Series in 2017, 2018, and 2020 and lost the first two times to the Houston Astros and the Boston Red Sox, respectively.  They defeated the Tampa Bay Rays in the 2020 World Series.

Many famous baseball players have played for the Dodgers, including:

Jackie Robinson, the first African-American in the modern Major Leagues
Sandy Koufax
Roy Campanella
Don Newcombe
Maury Wills
Don Drysdale
Pee Wee Reese
Fernando Valenzuela
Kirk Gibson
Steve Garvey
Dusty Baker
Orel Hershiser
Darryl Strawberry
Mike Piazza
Gary Sheffield
Shawn Green
Adrian Beltre
Manny Ramirez

Other websites 

 Los Angeles Dodgers Opening Day Lineups 
 Dodgers Blog 
 Photograph of Boys of Summer  that appeared in SPORT magazine.
 Los Angeles Team Building - Dodger's Mentoring
 Los Angeles Dodgers Baseball Reference
Oakland Athletics

The Oakland Athletics, also known as the Oakland A's, are a professional Major League Baseball team based in Oakland, California. The Athletics are a member of the Western Division of the American League. From  to today, the Athletics have played in Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum.

The Athletics were an original member of the American League in 1901, playing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The name "Athletics" had been used by several other Philadelphia teams dating back to the 1860s. Most of the various "Athletics" teams wore a Gothic or Old English letter "A" on their uniforms. The current Athletics still often wear that old-style "A" or "A's" on their uniforms.

The old Athletics were very successful, winning several World Series championships. By the early 1950s, they were not playing well and the fans were no longer supporting them. So after over 50 years in Philadelphia, the Athletics moved to Kansas City, Missouri, in 1955. They were not very successful there, either. They moved again, to Oakland, in 1968. As the Oakland A's, they have won several World Series.

Other websites 

 Philadelphia Athletics Historical Society
 Oakland Athletics stats and minor league statistics 
 Sports E-Cyclopedia
 Eddie Plank 
 Oakball Forums
 Oakland A's Minor League Information
Pittsburgh Pirates

The Pittsburgh Pirates are a professional Major League Baseball team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  They play in the Central Division of the National League. They have won five World Series championships. The Pirates are also often called the Bucs or the Buccos. This is because the word "buccaneer" is slang for pirate.

The Pirates had success in the early 1990s. However, between 1993 and 2012, the Pirates did not have a winning season.

PNC Park
The Pirates play their home games at PNC Park in Pittsburgh. PNC Park is next to the Allegheny River, and downtown Pittsburgh can be seen from the stadium.

History

The Pittsburgh Pirates were formed in 1882. They first played their games across the river from downtown Pittsburgh, in an area that was then a separate city called Allegheny. The team was also called Allegheny, or "the Alleghenys". Around 1890, the city of Pittsburgh annexed Allegheny. The team was then renamed "Pittsburgh", with no nickname yet.

In 1891, the Pittsburgh team signed a contract with a player who had belonged to a team in another league. They were accused of "pirating" the player's contract. Soon after, the fans started calling the team "the Pirates". Later the team adopted the name as their official team name, the Pittsburgh Pirates.

The Pirates have won five World Series. They won their first in 1909, beating the Detroit Tigers. The Pirates also won World Series titles in 1925, 1960, 1971, and 1979. 

Some famous players for the Pirates have been Honus Wagner, Ralph Kiner, Roberto Clemente and Willie Stargell.

References

Other websites 

 Pittsburgh Tribune-Review - Pittsburgh Pirates
 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Pittsburgh Pirates
 Pittsburgh Lumber Co. - Pirates Blog 
 Sportsocracy 

 
1882 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in Pennsylvania
Coach

Coach could mean:

Transportation 
 Coach (carriage), a horse-drawn carriage
 Stagecoach, An early form of long distance public transport
 Coach (vehicle), a type of passenger-carrying road vehicle.
 Coach (rail) a type of passenger car used in rail transport.
 Economy class in travel can be referred to as "coach"

Coaching 
 Coach (sport), the director of athletes' activities in sports
 Head coach
 Coach (baseball), includes manager, assistant coaches, on-field coaches, and specialized coaches
 Coach (hockey), head coach or assistant coaches
Coaching
dating coaching
Co-coaching

Popular media 
Coach (TV series), an American sitcom starring Craig T. Nelson
Coach (comics), a Marvel Comics character in X-Force

Corporations 
Coach Inc., an American leather goods company famous for its handbags
Coach Canada, an inter-city coach company in Canada
Coach USA, a bus transport company in the United States

People 
 Jonathan Coachman, World Wrestling Entertainment personality a.k.a. "The Coach"
 Coach Ernie Pantusso, the character played by Nicholas Colasanto on the sitcom Cheers
 Mike Ditka, former head coach of the Chicago Bears and New Orleans Saints head coach, a.k.a. "Da Coach"
Rent (musical)

Rent is a rock musical. The music and lyrics were written by Jonathan Larson. The musical is based on the Italian opera, La bohème. The musical opened on Broadway at the Nederlander Theatre on 29 April 1996.  It closed on 7 September 2008 after a run of 5,123 performances. It opened on the West End in 2008. In 2005, it was adapted to a movie. Rent won the Tony Award for Best Musical and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.

Other websites 

 Official Rent musical site
 Rent Musical on Broadway.com

Broadway musicals
West End musicals
Musicals adapted to movies
1990s musicals
Rock musicals
Tony Award winning musicals
Pulitzer Prize winners
1996 works
Coach (sport)

In sports, a coach or manager is a person who directs and trains a sports team or sportsperson. If there is a difference between coach and manager, it is this:
the coach will train the players
the manager will deal with the business aspects
The borderline areas are selecting the team, and buying new players.

Other websites 
Coaching Certification.

Training
Manny Ramirez

Manuel Aristides "Manny" Ramírez Onelcida (born May 30, 1972 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) is a former American Major League Baseball player. The Boston Red Sox traded Ramirez to the Los Angeles Dodgers for Jason Bay on July 31, 2008. He signed with the Tampa Bay Rays in 2011.  He retired on April 8, 2011.

He is a nine-time Silver Slugger and one of twenty-four people to have hit over 500 career home runs. He is well recognized for his strong offensive abilities. Ramirez has the most career grand slams of any active baseball player, and has led the American League is three key batting measures: batting average, home runs and runs batted in. For the past ten years, Ramírez has been a fixture in the Midsummer Classic, and is an eleven-time All-Star. In 2004, he was named the Most Valuable Player of the World Series after helping the Red Sox win their first World Series championship in over 85 years.

Statistics 
Statistics of Ramirez as of June 6, 2008:

References

Other websites 

 Official Home Page
 

1972 births
American League All-Stars
Boston Red Sox players
Chicago White Sox players
Cleveland Indians players
Dominican Republic sportspeople
Living people
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Tampa Bay Rays players
Alfonso Soriano

Alfonso Guilleard Soriano (born January 7, 1976) is a Dominican Republican professional Major League Baseball player. He currently is a free agent.  He has used to play with the Hiroshima Toyo Carp, New York Yankees, Texas Rangers and Washington Nationals before the Cubs. He played as a second baseman for the Yankees and Rangers. He bats right-handed and has batted as a lead-off hitter for most of his career.

Statistics

Batting

Fielding

Related pages

Other websites 
 Baseball Prospectus: Alfonso Soriano

1976 births
Living people
Washington Nationals players
Chicago Cubs players
New York Yankees players
Texas Rangers players
National League All-Stars
Maemo

maemo (properly not capitalized ) is a project that oversees the development of the Internet Tablet OS and the maemo application development platform. The maemo project is paid for by Nokia.

maemo SDK 
The maemo SDK is based around the Debian-oriented Scratchbox Cross Compilation Toolkit, which provides a  sandbox environment in which development may take place. Scratchbox uses Qemu to emulate an ARMEL processor or sbrsh to remotely execute instructions. Scratchbox-compatible rootstraps are available for both x86 and ARMEL, so the majority of development and debugging takes place on x86, with final packaging being for ARMEL.

Related pages
 Openmoko
 LiMo Foundation
 Hildon
 Android (mobile phone platform)

References

Other websites 
 maemo.org
 maemo wiki (old one)
 maemo planet
 maemo Bugzilla
 maemo in freedesktop.org
 Scratchbox Cross Compilation Toolkit
 #maemo on freenode
 Material for Nokia's own introductory course on maemo 

Debian-based Linux distributions
MEPIS

MEPIS (pronunciation: meh-pis) is a set of Linux Distributions distributed as Live CDs. The most popular of these distributions is SimplyMEPIS. MEPIS distributions are based on Debian, some of them indirectly. For example, SimplyMEPIS 7.0 is based mainly on Debian, with additional source code from Ubuntu (which is also based on Debian). MEPIS distributions are created by Warren Woodford.

It can either be installed onto a hard drive or used as a Live CD, which makes it a boot disc for troubleshooting many operating systems. It includes KDE, the K Desktop Environment.

History 
MEPIS was designed as an alternative to SUSE Linux, Red Hat Linux, and Mandriva Linux (formerly Mandrake) which, in the creator Warren Woodford's opinion, were too difficult for the average user. MEPIS's first official release was on May 10, 2003.

Distributions
The most popular MEPIS distribution, SimplyMEPIS, is designed for everyday desktop and laptop computing. SimplyMEPIS 7.0 contains several new packages and features. It contains Linux 2.6.22 and OpenOffice.org 2.3.0. It was released on 2007-12-23.

Related pages
 NeXT

References

Other websites 
 Official site
 MEPIS Community Forum , main community site
 antiX , a fast, lightweight and easy to install Linux distribution live CD based on MEPIS

Reviews
SimplyMEPIS 7.0 is a keeper
Review: SimplyMepis 7.0 
SimplyMEPIS 7.0 Beta 6
antiX M-7, The Fat-free Mepis
MEPIS AntiX on 450MHz K6-2, 256Mb

Live CD
Ubuntu (operating system) derivatives
X86-64 Linux distributions
Linux distributions
Debian-based Linux distributions
St. Louis Cardinals

The St. Louis Cardinals (also called "the Cards" or "the Redbirds") are a Major League Baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. They are part of the Central Division in the National League. The Cardinals have won a National League record 11 World Series championships, second in Major League Baseball for most championships behind the New York Yankees, who have 27. They last won a World Series in 2011.

The Cardinals were started by the American Association in 1882 as the St. Louis Brown Stockings, who got their name from an earlier National League team. They joined the National League in 1892 and have been known as the Cardinals ever since 1900. The Cardinals began play in the current Busch Stadium in 2006, becoming the first team since 1923 to win the World Series in their first season in a new ballpark. They are the oldest current professional sports franchise west of the Mississippi River. The Cardinals have a strong rivalry with the Chicago Cubs that began in 1885.

References

Other websites 

 
 Current records and standings
 St. Louis Cardinals Team Index at Baseball Reference
 St. Louis Cardinals Team Page at Scout.com
NepaLinux

NepaLinux is a Debian and Morphix based Linux distribution focused on desktop usage in Nepali language computing. 

It contains applications for desktop users like OpenOffice.org, Nepali GNOME and KDE desktops, and a way for people to type Nepali text.
The development and distribution of NepaLinux is done by Madan Puraskar Pustakalaya.  Version 1.0 was produced as part of the PAN Localization Project, with the support of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) of Canada. NepaLinux is an effort of promoting Free and Open Source Software in Nepal.

In October 2007, NepaLinux was the joint recipient of the Association for Progressive Communications' annual APC FOSS prize.

References

Other websites 
 The official site for NepaLinux
 A look into NepaLinux, Kantipur daily newspaper, Kathmandu, Nepal

Linux distributions
Debian-based Linux distributions
Durango

Durango is a state in northwest Mexico. About 1,510,000 people live there. Its capital is Victoria de Durango.

References 

 
States of Mexico
1824 establishments
19th-century establishments in Mexico
1820s establishments in North America
Girlfriend (disambiguation)

A girlfriend is a female friend or romantic partner.

Girlfriend may also mean:

Music 
 Girlfriend (band)
 Girlfriend (album), an album by Matthew Sweet
 Girl Friends, a Korean pop duo

Songs 
 "Girlfriend" (Michael Jackson song)
 "Girlfriend" (Pebbles song)
 "Girlfriend" (Matthew Sweet song)
 "Girlfriend" (The Pillows song)
 "Girlfriend" (Billie song)
 "Girlfriend" (Alicia Keys song)
 "Girlfriend" ('N Sync song)
 "Girlfriend" (The Darkness song)
 "Girlfriend" (Avril Lavigne song)
 "Girlfriend" (Bow Wow and Omarion song)
 A song by B2K on the album Pandemonium!

Television 
 Girlfriends, an American television show
 "Girlfriends" (Flight of the Conchords), a television episode
 Doctor Girlfriend, a character from the animated series The Venture Bros.

Other meanings 
 Girlfriend (magazine)
 Girlfriends (1978 film)
School of Rock

School of Rock is a 2003 American musical comedy movie starring Jack Black.

Plot 
Dewey Finn (Black) has been kicked out of his band.  His roommate is a substitute teacher.  Finn finds one of his requests for a private school and goes in his roommate's place as he needs the money for rent.  He soon finds out that the school, in Woodbury, New York,  has music lessons, so he enlists the class to become his band.  They plan to perform at Battle of the Bands.  However, his roommate's girlfriend finds out that Finn was impersonating her boyfriend and gets him kicked off the job.  Finn is down until the kids get their own school bus, pick Finn up, and play at the concert.  The band loses to another one, but Finn establishes a school for rock, and the kids come over to his place to take lessons.

Sequel 
On July 14, 2008 the School of Rock 2 sequel was confirmed. In 2012, Jack Black said that a sequel is unlikely.

References

Other websites
 
 

2003 comedy movies
2000s musical movies
American musical comedy movies
American musical movies
Movies set in New York
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Richard Linklater
Bay Area Rapid Transit

Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a heavy rail public rapid transit system that serves the San Francisco Bay Area in northern California. It joins the cities of the East Bay, including Oakland, with San Francisco. Construction began in 1964. The first trains began running on September 11, 1972.

Lines
As of 2020, there were six main lines on the system, two of which only run during weekdays. There are  of track (using a wider-than-normal gauge of ). There are 50 stations. Like other rapid transit systems in the world, tracks are in underground tunnels in inner cities, and on elevated viaducts in suburban areas. In some places, they are in the middle of freeways. The busiest part of the system is the Transbay Tube, a  underwater tunnel under the San Francisco Bay. Almost 150,000 people pass through the tube every day.

Fare
The fare which people pay to ride BART depends on how far they go. They first buy paper magnetic stripe cards inside the station. Then they insert this ticket into the gate, walk through the gate, and take the ticket out. They then get on board the train. Sometimes they have to change from one train to another to get to where they want to go. After they leave the train at their destination, they insert their ticket into the fare gate again to exit the station. Printed numbers on the card show how much money is left on the ticket. A passenger who enters and exits the same station will be charged an "excursion fare". As of July 28, 2012, the fare was $5.25.

Expansion
In the 2000s, BART was expanded to reach San Francisco International Airport. It now goes as far as Millbrae. Two other branch lines have opened since then. In 2014, BART opened a short line to Oakland International Airport that uses trains pulled by cables. An extension of the Pittsburg line to Antioch, which opened in 2018, uses diesel multiple units on standard gauge tracks instead of the electric, broad-gauge trains used on the main lines. A project is also going on to expand the southern main line into San Jose. The entire extension was supposed to be completed in 2018. Instead, the first new stations were opened on June 13, 2020 after breakdowns in communication and testing with the line.

References

Other websites

Rail transport in the United States
San Francisco Bay Area
Transport in California
1972 establishments in California
Betty Davis

Betty Davis (July 26, 1944 – February 9, 2022) was an American funk-soul singer, famous in the 1970s. She was married to the star of Jazz Miles Davis, from where she took her surname.

Davis died on February 9, 2022 at her home in Homestead, Pennsylvania from cancer at the age of 77.

References

Other websites 
 The Sound of Young America: Betty Davis Interview – June 21, 2007: Betty Davis gives her first radio interview in 30 years.
 Betty Davis: Betty Davis – Album review

1945 births
2022 deaths
Singers from North Carolina
American funk singers
American soul singers
People from Durham, North Carolina
Writers from North Carolina
Singer-songwriters from New York City
Cancer deaths in Pennsylvania
Let Go

Let Go is singer Avril Lavigne's first album. It was released on June 04, 2002. It has sold 16 million copies, making it Lavigne's best-selling album so far.

Track listing

Original Edition
"Losing Grip" (Avril Lavigne/Clif Magness) – 3:53
"Complicated" (Lavigne/The Matrix) – 4:03
"Sk8er Boi" (Lavigne/The Matrix) – 3:23
"I'm with You" (Lavigne/The Matrix) – 3:42
"Mobile" (Lavigne/Magness) – 3:31
"Unwanted"  (Lavigne/Magness) – 3:40
"Tomorrow" (Lavigne/Curtis Frasca/Sabelle Breer) – 3:48
"Anything but Ordinary" (Lavigne/The Matrix) – 4:10
"Things I'll Never Say" (Lavigne/The Matrix) – 3:43
"My World" (Lavigne/Magness) – 3:26
"Nobody's Fool" (Lavigne/Peter Zizzo) – 3:56
"Too Much to Ask" (Lavigne/Magness) – 3:44
"Naked" (Lavigne/Frasca/Breer) – 3:28

Japan Tour Special Limited Version (with a bonus DVD)

 "Why" – 4:00
 "Complicated" (Video)
 "Sk8er Boi" (Video)
 "I'm with You" (Video)
 "Day in the Life" (NYC Epk)

Tour Edition

 "Get Over It" ("Sk8er Boi" B-side)
 "Why" ("Complicated" B-side)
 "Unwanted" (Live)
 "I'm with You" (Live)
 "Nobody's Fool" (Live)

Standard AU CD Enhanced Media Content
Bio
Video: "Complicated" - 4:12
EPK - 5:55
Bonus track: "I Don't Give"
Lyrics (plays song in background)
"Complicated"
"Sk8er Boi"
"Mobile"
"Unwanted"

References 

2002 albums
Avril Lavigne albums
Debut albums
Pop rock albums
Anshan

Anshan (or Anzan, , modern: Tal-i Malyan) was an ancient town in what was then Elam empire (today's Iran) in the province Fars. The oldest settlement may have been as early as 5500 BC.

History 
Anshan was later ruled by the Achaemenid dynasty and became one of the primary cities of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The Persian prince Teispes (675-640 BC) conquered the city and called himself "king of the city of Anshan"

Anshan is a big archaeological place today containing around 200 hectares. Excavations (digs) carried out by the University of Pennsylvania took place in 1971, 1972, 1974, 1976 and 1978.

Cities in Iran
University of Maryland, College Park

The University of Maryland, College Park, often called simply the University of Maryland, is a public university in College Park, Maryland. It is the largest university in a group called the "University System of Maryland."

History 
In 1856, the Maryland Agricultural College was chartered. Sixty years later, the state of Maryland took control of the college and renamed it Maryland State University. In 1920, it joined several professional schools in the area to become the University of Maryland. It joined the Association of American Universities in 1925.

References

Other websites 

 University of Maryland - Official website

Association of American Universities
Big Ten Conference
Colleges and universities in Maryland
Collegiate Water Polo Association
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
1856 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Maryland
Another Code: Two Memories

Another Code: Two Memories (called Trace Memory in North America) is an adventure video game made by CING and published by Nintendo on the Nintendo DS handheld.

Summary 
Another Code is about a 13-year-old girl called Ashley Mizuki Robbins who goes to an island called "Blood Edward Island", an island near Washington after her dad sent her a package with a machine in it two days before her 14th birthday. She goes with her aunt Jessica, who raised her when her parents disappeared. When her dad is not there, Jessica goes looking for him, and Ashley eventually has to find them both. She meets a ghost named "D", and joins with him to search a mansion on the island.

2005 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
More Brain Training from Dr. Kawashima: How Old Is Your Brain?

More Brain Training from Dr. Kawashima: How Old Is Your Brain? (known as Brain Age 2: More Training in Minutes a Day!) is a puzzle video game made by Nintendo on the Nintendo DS handheld. It's one of the best-selling DS games.

2005 video games
2007 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games

de:Dr. Kawashimas Gehirn-Jogging#Dr. Kawashima: Mehr Gehirn-Jogging
Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old Is Your Brain?

Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old Is Your Brain? (known as Brain Age: Train Your Brain in Minutes a Day!) is a puzzle video game made by Nintendo on the Nintendo DS handheld. It was released in 2006. It is one of the best-selling DS games. A second game: More Brain Training from Dr. Kawashima: How Old Is Your Brain?, was released in 2007.

Gameplay
Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old Is Your Brain? uses educational puzzles that are math, word games, memorization games, and other kinds of games. The point of the game is to keep the player's brain young using these educational puzzles. The player is supposed to try and keep their brain at 20, which the game says is the perfect age. It's based on a book by Ryuta Kawashima. The DS is held like a book on its side with the top screen on the left and the bottom screen on the right (opposite for lefties).

Brain Age Check
The Brain Age Check lets the player check how old he or she is by doing puzzles.

Training
The Training mode lets the player play most of the puzzles without doing a Brain Age Check.

Sudoku
The Sudoku mode was added to the non-Japanese versions of the game since it was so popular.

Reception
Brain Age was a popular game, and sold more than 3 million in Japan, 1 million in the United States, and 2 million in PAL regions.

2005 video games
2006 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Virtual Console games
Puzzle video games
Mario Smash Football

Mario Smash Football (called Super Mario Strikers in North America) is a 2005 football video game made by Next Level Games and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube game console. A sequel was made on the Wii called Mario Strikers Charged Football.

Other websites

2005 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
Mario sports games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
Sports video games
Mario video games
Mario Strikers Charged

Mario Strikers Charged Football (called Mario Strikers Charged in North America) is a 2007 football video game made by Next Level Games and published by Nintendo for the Wii game console.

2007 video games
Mario sports games
Wii games
Clubhouse Games

Clubhouse Games is a 2006 video game published by Nintendo and developed by Agenda. It features 42 parlor games. It is for the Nintendo DS game console.

Other websites 
 Clubhouse Games Nintendo site 

2006 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Halifax Explosion

The Halifax explosion took place on December 6, 1917 when the SS Mont-Blanc, a French cargo ship loaded with explosives collided with the SS Imo, a Norwegian ship in the harbour in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 1,782 people were killed and over 9,000 people were injured. This was the largest man-made explosion in history until July 1945 when the first atomic bomb blew up. It is still the largest accidental explosion in history.

References

Other websites

CBC website about the Halifax Explosion 

1917 in North America
1910s in Canada
December events
Disasters in Canada
Disasters in the 20th century
Explosions in North America
Explosion
Kassite dynasty

The Kassite dynasty was ruled by the Kassites. They were an obscure mountain tribe who came to power in Babylon after the collapse of the First Dynasty of Babylon in 1595 BC following a Hittite sack of the city, and became rulers of northern Babylonia.

The Kassites 
The Kassites (Persian: کاسی‌ها) were an ancient people from Zagros mountains. Kassites were a federation of several nomadic tribes living in the Zagros mountains, in modern Loristan (Iran).

In the 18th century BCE, the Kassites started to infiltrate Mesopotamia, which was ruled by the successors of the famous king Hammurabi of Babylon (1792–1750). Kassites threatened Babylonia, which they captured in 1750 BC.

The Kassite dynasty dominated Mesopotamia from the 16th to the 12th century BC.

Importance of this empire 
By turning southern Mesopotamia into a state, instead of a group of temple-cities, the Kassites made Babylonia an international power. They ruled Babylonia almost without interruption for about four hundred years — the longest rule by any dynasty in Babylonian history.

Kassite kings established trade and diplomacy with Assyria, Egypt, Elam and the Hittites. The Kassite royal house intermarried with their royal families. There were foreign merchants in Babylon and other cities. Babylonian merchants traded from Egypt (a source of Nubian gold) to Assyria and Anatolia. Kassite weights and seals, the tools of trade, have been found in Thebes in Greece, in southern Armenia, and even in a shipwreck off the southern coast of today's Turkey.

The Kassite kings set up a network of provinces administered by governors. Nippur, a formerly great city, had been virtually abandoned. It was rebuilt in the Kassite period, and became the most important provincial center. Under the Kassite government, the governor of Nippur ruled as a secondary (lesser) king. Some 13th century BC Kassite kings even took the title 'Governor of Nippur' for themselves.

The Elamites conquered Babylonia in the 12th century BC, thus ending the Kassite state. The last Kassite king, Enlil-nadin-ahi, was taken to Susa and imprisoned there, where he died. However, Kassites survived as a distinct ethnic group in the mountains of Lorestan long after the Kassite state collapsed.

References

Other websites 
Richard Hooker, "The Kassites: 1530-1170 The Kassite Interregnum" 

Eurasian nomads
History of Iran
History of Iraq
Mesopotamia
Royal dynasties
Rhythm Heaven

Rhythm Tengoku Gold is a music video game made by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. It is the sequel to Rhythm Tengoku.

Gameplay 

Rhythm Heaven only uses the touch screen on the DS to play the stages. In the stages, the player has to do what the game wants him or her to, like in a level where the player has a song in the background, and has to fill robots with a liquid to send it off. The robot goes on a conveyer belt, and the player has to drop the nozzle to the beat of the music and try to get it to land on its head. Then, the player has to hold it there until the robot fills up and flies away. If the player does it right, he or she gets a perfect hit. If the player overfills, underfills, or barely misses, it's a half-hit. If the player misses completely, it's a miss. At the end, the player is ranked, either getting a Perfect Level, Mediocre, or a Miss. The touch screen can do a lot of stuff, like a "flick" motion where the player flicks in a direction with the stylus or just touch the screen. The first stage has the player flicking a screw using a spring to the beat of the music. At the right moment, the player has to flick the screw into two squares as they roll down the level at the right time to make them come together. 

There's a mode called Guitar Lessons that's like the Drum Lessons in Rhythm Tengoku.

Music 
Like in Rhythm Tengoku, Tsunku made the music for this game. A soundtrack released on October 15, 2008 with 140 songs from this game and Rhythm Tengoku, which came before this game.

2008 video games
Music video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Caricature

A caricature (from the Italian caricatura, which means "loaded portrait") is a portrait or drawing of a person that exaggerates the way they look, usually to create a humorous effect, or a political statement.

Other websites 
Celebrity Caricature
Caricature 

Art
Cincinnati Red Stockings

The Cincinnati Red Stockings of 1869 were baseball's first all-professional team. The team is in Cincinnati, Ohio.   The Cincinnati Base Ball Club started in 1866 and played teams in the National Association of Base Ball Players 1867 to 1870. In 1969, Major League Baseball played those events officially by starting professional baseball.

The Red Stockings established styles in team uniforms and team nicknames that have some currency even in the 21st century. They also have a particular color, red, as the color of Cincinnati (and serve as the use of "Red Sox" in Boston as well).

Other websites 

1869 Cincinnati Red Stockings Vintage Base Ball Club
19c Base Ball

Major League Baseball teams
Sports in Cincinnati, Ohio
Eddie Gaedel

Edward Carl "Eddie" Gaedel (June 8, 1925– June 18, 1961) is a former professional baseball player. Gaedel played in his only major league game on August 19, 1951, against the Detroit Tigers. He got walked on four pitches in a row and was taken out of the game. Gaedel was officially listed as standing  and weighing .

References

Other websites 

MLB
Eddie Gaedel at Baseball Library.com 
ESPN.com article: "Short on size, long on history"
Box score for the Gaedel game

1925 births
1961 deaths
Major League Baseball players
People with dwarfism
Sportspeople from Chicago