cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Piccola Roma

Piccola Roma was the nickname of Asmara (capital of Italian Eritrea), during the decades of Italian colonial rule of Eritrea.

History

The city of Asmara was founded by the Italians in the last years of the XIX century, from a small native village. Soon was made the capital of their colonial possessions in Eritrea, mainly because of the climate being located at more than 2000 meters of altitude.

In the 1930s the city was being populated by many thousands of Italian colonists and in 1940 it was mostly Italian looking (by architecture and by inhabitants way of life). That it the reason why it was called "Piccola Roma" ("little Rome"), due to the fact that it was a bit similar to the capital of Italy (Roma).

The capital of Eritrea experienced a huge increase in population: in 1935 there were only 4,000 Italians and 12,000 Eritreans; in 1938 there were 48,000 Italians and 36,000 Eritreans. Historian Gian Luca Podesta wrote that practically Asmara in 1940 has become an Italian city (he wrote: "in pratica Asmara era diventata una citta' italiana".

"Piccola Roma" was a typical Italian city created in the middle of eastern Africa, where the majority of the population was southern european in appearance & customs, spoke italian and practised the catholicism when WW2 started. It was going to be the industrial center of the Italian East Africa, but the war blocked this development.

Historian Maitacli wrote that:

"The city is known for its early 20th century buildings, including the Art Deco "Cinema Impero" (opened in 1937 and considered by the experts one of the world's finest examples of Art Déco style building), the Cubist "Africa Pension", the rationalist "Governor's Palace", the eclectic Eritrean Orthodox "Tewahdo" Church, the former "Asmara Opera House", the futurist architecture "Fiat Tagliero Building", the neo-Romanesque architecture "Roman Catholic Cathedral", and the neoclassical architecture "President's Palace". The city is adorned by Italian colonial villas and mansions, one prominent example being the 'Asmara's World Bank Building'...."

Most of central Asmara was built between 1935 and 1941, so effectively the Italians managed to build almost an entire city in just six short years.

Actually (in July 2017) Asmara has been declared World Heritage Site by the UNESCO, mainly because of the architecture created during the Italian colonial years (that lasted from 1881 until 1941).

Related pages
 Addis Abeba
 Italian Mogadiscio
 Asmara

Notes

Bibliography
 Podesta, Gian Luca et al. Lo sguardo della storia economica sull'edilizia urbana. Volume 4. Chapter: "Le citta dell'impero". Publisher Croma - Università Roma TRE. Roma, 2009. ISBN 888368107X

Eritrea
History of Italy
Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla

Ret. Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah ( Muḥammad Khouna Wald Haidallah) (born 1940) was the head of state of Mauritania (Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation, CMSN) from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984.

References

1940 births
Living people
Presidents of Mauritania
Prime Ministers of Mauritania
List of prime ministers of Mauritania

This is a list of prime ministers of Mauritania since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Mauritania in 1960 to the present day.

List of officeholders

References

Other websites
World Statesmen – Mauritania
Moktar Ould Daddah

Moktar Ould Daddah ( Mukhtār Wald Dāddāh; December 25, 1924 – October 14, 2003) was the President of Mauritania from 1960, when his country gained its independence from France, to 1978, when he was removed in a military coup d'etat.

He died in Paris after a long-illness on October 14, 2003 at the age of 78.

References

Other websites
Moktar Ould Daddah on Encyclopædia Britannica

1924 births
2003 deaths
Presidents of Mauritania
Prime Ministers of Mauritania
Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya

Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (, , also transliterated as Mu'awiya walad Sayyidi Ahmad Taya) (born November 28, 1943) is a Mauritanian military officer and a politician. He was the President of Mauritania from 1984 to 2005. He was also the 5th Prime Minister of Mauritania.

References

1941 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Mauritania
Presidents of Mauritania
Mohamed Ould Bilal

Mohamed Ould Bilal (; born in 1963), is a Mauritanian politician. He is the 16th and current Prime Minister of Mauritania since 6 August 2020.

References 

1963 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Mauritania
Mohamed Ould Ghazouani

Mohamed Ould Cheikh Mohamed Ahmed Ould Ghazouani (; born 4 December 1956), also known as Ghazouani and Ould Ghazouani, is a Mauritanian politician and retired Mauritanian Army general. He is the President of Mauritania, since 1 August 2019.

References

1956 births
Living people
Generals
Presidents of Mauritania
Current national leaders
Mustafa Ould Salek

Col. Mustafa Ould Salek (; ‎ 1936 – 18 December 2012) was the President of Mauritania from 1978 through 1979.

References

1936 births
2012 deaths
Presidents of Mauritania
Ba Mamadou Mbaré

Ba Mamadou dit Mbaré (1946 – 10 January 2013) was a Mauritanian politician. He was President of the Senate of Mauritania from 2006 until his death. In 2009, he was acting President of Mauritania.

References

1946 births
2013 deaths
Presidents of Mauritania
Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi

Sidi Mohamed Ould Cheikh Abdallahi (; 1938 – 22 November 2020) was a Mauritanian politician. He was President of Mauritania from 2007 to 2008. He was removed from office in a  military coup d'état on August 6, 2008.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
Presidents of Mauritania
Anwar Aziz Chaudhry

Anwar Aziz Chaudhry (1931 – 22 November 2020) was a Pakistani politician and swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was the Interior  Minister of Punjab. From 1988 to 1990, he was a member of the National Assembly.

Chaudhry died on 22 November 2020, at the age of 89.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Pakistani politicians
Swimmers
Doris de Agostini

Doris de Agostini-Rossetti (28 April 1958 – 22 November 2020) was a Swiss alpine skier. He was a bronze-medalist in the Alpine World Ski Championships 1978 and winner of the 1982/1983 Downhill World Cup. 

She also competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics and the 1980 Winter Olympics.

References

1958 births
2020 deaths
Swiss sportspeople
Skiers
Olympians
José Vicente Gimeno Sendra

Jose Vicente Gimeno Sendra (3 July 1949 – 22 November 2020) was a Spanish politician and lawyer. He was born in Gandia, Spain. He was a Judge on the Constitutional Court of Spain from 1989 to 1998.

Gimeno Sendra died on 22 November 2020 at the age of 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
Spanish politicians
Spanish lawyers
Constitutional Court of Spain

The Constitutional Court () is the supreme interpreter of the Spanish Constitution. 8/1984, 4/1985, 6/1988, 7/1999 and 1/2000. The court is the "supreme interpreter" of the Constitution, but since the court is not a part of the Spanish Judiciary, the Supreme Court is the highest court for all judicial matters.

References

Spain
Supreme Court of Spain

The Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo, TS) is the highest court in the Kingdom of Spain. It has original jurisdiction over cases against high-ranking officials of the Kingdom and over cases about illegalization of political parties. 

The Court has the power of judicial review, except for the judicial revision on constitutional matters, reserved to the Constitutional Court.

References

Spain
Elena Hrenova

Elena Hrenova (14 January 1950 – 22 November 2020) was a Moldovan politician. From 2014 to 2019 she was a Member of the Moldovan Parliament representing the Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova (PSRM). 

On 22 November 2020, Hrenova died of COVID-19 at the age of 70.

References

1950 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Moldova
Moldovan politicians
Lupo (dog)

Lupo (December 2011November 2020) was an English Cocker Spaniel owned by Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. He appeared in photographs alongside his owners' son, Prince George of Cambridge. 

Lupo was bred from Ella, a dog owned by Michael and Carole Middleton, the parents of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge.

There was an increase of 50% in the searches on its "Find A Puppy" website in the months following the Royal couple's announcement of their ownership of Lupo. This increased interest has also had the effect of an increase in thefts of English Cocker Spaniels.

Lupo died in November 2020, of unknown causes aged 8 years 11 months.

References

2020 deaths
Individual dogs
2011 births
St Mary's Hospital, London

St Mary's Hospital is an NHS hospital in Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, founded in 1845. 

Since the UK's first academic health science centre was created in 2008, it has been operated by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, which also operates Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital and the Western Eye Hospital.

Members of the British royal family were born here such as Prince William, Prince Harry, Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis.

References

Hospitals in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
Paddington
Hamish MacInnes

Hamish MacInnes  (7 July 1930 – 22 November 2020) was a Scottish mountaineer, explorer, mountain search and rescuer, author and mountain safety advisor. He was called "the father of modern mountain rescue in Scotland". He made an attempt to climb Mount Everest in 1953. He helped invent the first all-metal ice-axe and a lightweight stretcher.

MacInnes was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to mountaineering and mountain rescue in Scotland in the 1979 New Year Honours.

He died, aged 90, on 22 November 2020, at his home in Glen Coe, Scotland.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Scottish writers
Glen Coe

Glen Coe  (, ) is a glen of volcanic origins, in the Highlands of Scotland.

References

Volcanoes of Europe
Geography of Scotland
Mustafa Nadarević

Mustafa Nadarević (2 May 1943 – 22 November 2020) was a Bosnian-Croatian actor. He starred in over 70 movies.

Some of his best known works were in The Smell of Quinces (1982), When Father Was Away on Business (1985), Reflections (1987), The Glembays (1988), Kuduz (1989), Silent Gunpowder (1990), The Perfect Circle (1997), Days and Hours (2004), Mirage (2004), and Halima's Path (2012).

Nadarević revealed that he was diagnosed with lung cancer in January 2020. He died on 22 November 2020 in his home in Zagreb from the disease, aged 77.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Bosnia and Herzegovina entertainers
Croatian actors
Kevin Schon

Kevin D. Schon (born February 7, 1958) is an American actor, voice actor, producer, and energy entrepreneur, known for his voice-over work in movies, television series, and video games. He is best known as a voice double for Nathan Lane for animated media, most notably as Timon in the Timon & Pumbaa TV series and in various other Disney related projects.

References

Other websites
 

1958 births
Living people
American voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Comedians from California
M&M's World

M&M's World is a store that sells M&M's candy and other things. The first M&M's World store was on the Las Vegas Strip in 1997. There are now other stores in Orlando, Florida, New York City, Henderson, Nevada, London and Shanghai.

There are three floors of candy in many colors.  There are other things inspired by M&Ms inspired items like aprons, oven mitts and T-shirts. The cost of buying the the M&M's at these stores is over US$12 per pound.

Chocolate
Shops
Ray Prosser

Thomas Raymond Prosser (2 March 1927 – 22 November 2020) was a Welsh international rugby union prop. He played club rugby for Pontypool and was capped 22 times for Wales. 

Prosser also represented the British Lions in their 1959 tour of Australia and New Zealand. He also played invitational rugby for the Barbarians. He was born in Pontypool, Wales.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Welsh rugby union players
Karl Dall

Karl Bernhard Dall (, 1 February 1941 – 23 November 2020) was a German comedian, singer, and television presenter. He was born in Emden, Lower Saxony. He was known for his roles in Freddy in the Wild West, Hotel Clausewitz and Student of the Bedroom.

He was known for having a 'hanging' eye was caused by a congenital ptosis.

On 11 November 2020, Dall was hospitalized after having a stroke while on set for Rote Rosen in Munich. He died twelve days later on 23 November at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
 
 Personal website 
 Biography
 Interview with Karl Dall

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
German movie actors
German television actors
German stage actors
German voice actors
German singers
German television presenters
Actors from Lower Saxony
Ptosis (eyelid)

Ptosis, also known as blepharoptosis, is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. 

The drooping may be worse after being awake longer when the individual's muscles are tired. 

This condition is sometimes called "lazy eye", but that term normally refers to the condition amblyopia.

References

Neurology
Anele Ngcongca

Calvin Anele Ngcongca  (21 October 1987 – 23 November 2020) was a South African professional footballer. He played for AmaZulu  before his death.

He made 53 appearances for the national team between 2009 to 2016.

On 23 November 2020, Ngcongca died in a car accident on the N2 highway in KwaZulu-Natal at the age of 33.

References

1987 births
2020 deaths
People from Cape Town
South African footballers
Road accident deaths
Józef Rysula

Józef Rysula (13 March 1939 – 23 November 2020) was a Polish cross-country skier. He competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics, the 1964 Winter Olympics and the 1968 Winter Olympics. He was born in Kościelisko, Poland.

Rysula died on 23 November 2020 at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Polish Olympians
Roselle, New Jersey

Roselle (, ) is a borough located in Union County in the state of New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 21,085.

References

Boroughs in New Jersey
Nikola Spasov

Nikola Spasov (; 15 December 1958 – 23 November 2020) was a Bulgarian professional footballer and coach.

Spasov played for PFC Lokomotiv Sofia, FC Dunav Ruse, PFC Cherno More Varna and PFC Spartak Varna in his country. 

Spasov moved to Portugal in December 1986, and remained in the nation for the following seven years, representing five teams. In the 1989–90 campaign he scored a career-best 34 goals for F.C. Paços de Ferreira.

In June 1994, after one season in his homeland with former team Cherno More, Spasov retired from football at nearly 36 years of age.

Spasov died on 23 November 2020 in Montana, Bulgaria from COVID-19 at the age of 61.

References

1958 births
2020 deaths
Bulgarian footballers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria
Montana, Bulgaria

Montana () is a town in Northwestern Bulgaria, located  south of the Danube river,  northwest of Vratsa and  east of the Serbian border.

Other websites
 
 Montana Dnes - News portal
 Montana District
 Historical museum in Montana 

Settlements in Bulgaria
Social Democratic Union of Macedonia

The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (, Socijal-demokratska partija na Makedonija, SDPM) is a political party in North Macedonia. Its politics are centre-left.

It was founded in 1990 and was the first political party in Macedonia. Its President was Slavko Milosavlevski. It ran in the 1990 Macedonian parliamentary election when Macedonia was still a part of Yugoslavia. It did not win a seat in the 1990 election, scoring 1.6 percent of the vote.

It also took part in elections in 1994, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2011, and 2014, but did not win a seat.

1990 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Europe
North Macedonia
Viktor Zimin (politician)

Viktor Mikhaylovich Zimin (: August 23, 1962 – November 23, 2020) was a Russian politician. He was Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Khakassia from 2009 until 2018. 

In 2018, he lost his bid for re-election to a third term in the first round of voting.

Zimin died in Moscow on November 23, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 58.

References

Other websites
Official website  
Biography  

1962 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Russian politicians
Jean Morzadec

Jean Morzadec (25 February 1953 – 13 November 2020) was a French singer-songwriter, writer, and journalist. 

In 2005, he began running the website "Le Choix de Librairies" in partnership with 20 minutes, France Info, France Culture, Lire, FIP, and France 5.

References

1953 births
2020 deaths
French singers
French journalists
French songwriters
Abu Hena

Abu Hena ( – 14 November 2020) was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician. From 1996 to 2006, he was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad.

Hena died on 14 November 2020 in Dhaka of COVID-19.

References

2020 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
Antonis Georgiadis

Antonis Georgiadis (, 25 January 1933 – 16 November 2020) was a Greek football player and manager. He was born in Drama, Greece. From 1950 to 1960, he played for Doxa Drama. From 1989 to 1992, he managed the national team.

Georgiadis died in Drama on 16 November 2020 at the age of 87.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Greek footballers
Greek football managers
Billy Evans (basketball, born 1932)

William Best Evans (September 13, 1932 – November 22, 2020) was an American basketball player. He competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was born in Berea, Kentucky. Evans played collegiately at the University of Kentucky. He was part of the United States basketball team which won the gold medal in 1956.

Evans died on November 22, 2020 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
American basketball players
Sportspeople from Kentucky
American Olympic gold medalists
Gonzalo Galván Castillo

Gonzalo Galván Castillo (10 January 1951 – 23 November 2020) was a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. He was the Bishop of Autlán between 2004 to 2015. He was born in León, Guanajuato.

Galván Castillo died on 23 November 2020 at the age of 69.

References

1951 births
2020 deaths
Roman Catholic bishops
Mexican people
Marco Ferrari

Marco Virgilio Ferrari (27 November 1932 – 23 November 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was the Auxiliary Bishop of Milan from 1987 to 2009. Ferrari was born in Bergamo, Italy.

Ferrari died in Cassano Magnago, Italy on 23 November 2020, just four days before his 88th birthday.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Italian Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic bishops
Cassano Magnago

Cassano Magnago is a town and comune in the province of Varese, Lombardy, Italy.

References

Other websites
 

Settlements in Lombardy
Pokémon trainer

Pokémon trainers are an idea in the universe of Pokémon.  Trainers catch Pokémon and teach them to fight.  Many of the characters in the Pokémon anime series are Pokémon trainers.  Players of Pokémon games are also called trainer.

Pokémon
John Oldham

John Oldham (June 22, 1923 – November 23, 2020) was an American college and professional basketball player, college basketball coach and athletic director. He was born in Beaver Dam, Kentucky. From 1949 to 1951, he played for the Fort Wayne Pistons. From 1955 to 1964, he coached the Tennessee Golden Eagles and from 1964 to 1971, he coached the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers.

Oldham died on November 23, 2020 in Bowling Green, Kentucky at the age of 97.

References

1923 births
2020 deaths
Detroit Pistons players
Sportspeople from Kentucky
Geoffrey Horne

Geoffrey Horne (born August 22, 1933) is an American actor, director, and acting coach. He worked at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute. 

Horne is known for his roles in The Bridge on the River Kwai, Bonjour Tristesse, The Strange One, Two People, The Twilight Zone episode "The Gift" in 1962, and as Wade Norton in "The Guests" episode of The Outer Limits.

References

Other websites

1933 births
Living people
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Educators from New York City
American theatre directors
Movie directors from New York City
Actors from New York City
People from Buenos Aires
Big Daddy (1999 movie)

Big Daddy is a 1999 American comedy movie directed by Dennis Dugan and written by Steve Franks, Tim Herlihy and Adam Sandler. It stars Adam Sandler, Joey Lauren Adams, Jon Stewart, Rob Schneider, Miley Cyrus  and Leslie Mann. 

It was released on June 25, 1999. The movie was Sandler's highest-grosser domestically until Hotel Transylvania 2 (2015).

References

1999 comedy movies
1990s American comedy movies
Movies directed by Dennis Dugan
Jonathan Lipnicki

Jonathan William Lipnicki (born October 22, 1990) is an American actor and producer. He has appeared in movies such as Jerry Maguire (1996), Stuart Little (1999) and its 2002 sequel Stuart Little 2, The Little Vampire (2000), and Like Mike (2002).

References

1990 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from California
Movie producers from California
David Alan Grier

David Alan Grier (born June 30, 1956) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his work on the sketch comedy television show In Living Color, as David Bellows on Life with Bonnie (2002-2004), as Joe Carmichael on The Carmichael Show (2015-2017), as Hal on A Series of Unfortunate Events (2018). In 2021, he won a Tony Award.

References

1956 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
Comedians from Detroit, Michigan
Tony Award winning actors
Chazz Palminteri

Calogero Lorenzo "Chazz" Palminteri (born May 15, 1952) is an American actor, screenwriter, producer and playwright. He is best known for his Academy Award-nominated role for Best Supporting Actor in Bullets over Broadway. He also played Shorty in Modern Family.

References

Other websites
 
 A Bronx Tale on Broadway | The Official Website
 AskChazz.com
 

1952 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American playwrights
Actors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Josh Mostel

Joshua Mostel (born December 21, 1946) is an American actor. He was born in New York City. He is the son of Zero Mostel.

Mostel is best known for his supporting roles in movies such as Jesus Christ Superstar (1973), Harry and Tonto (1974), Sophie's Choice (1982), City Slickers (1991), Billy Madison (1995), and Big Daddy (1999).

References

1946 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Zero Mostel

Samuel Joel "Zero" Mostel (February 28, 1915 – September 8, 1977) was an American actor, singer and comedian. He was best known for his roles as Tevye on stage in Fiddler on the Roof, Pseudolus on stage and on screen in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, and Max Bialystock in the original movie version of Mel Brooks' The Producers (1967). 

Mostel later starred in the Hollywood Blacklist drama movie The Front (1976) alongside Woody Allen, for which Mostel was nominated for the British Academy Film Award for Best Supporting Actor. 

Mostel was an Obie Award and three-time Tony Award winner.

References

1915 births
1977 deaths
Deaths from aortic aneurysm
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Fasih Bokhari

Admiral Fasih Bokhari (Urdu:فصیح بخارى; 8 March 1942 – 24 November 2020) ), was a Pakistani four-star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy. He was a pacifist, and politician. He was the Chief of Naval Staff from 1997 to 1999. He also was the Chairman of the National Accountability Bureau from 2011 to 2013. 

Bokhari died on 24 November 2020 at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Pakistani politicians
Pakistani military people
Kambuzia Partovi

Kambuzia Partovi (also spelt Kambozia Partovi, ; 11 November 1955 – 24 November 2020) was an Iranian movie director and scriptwriter. He was born in Rasht, Iran. His 2007 movie Café Transit, was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

He wrote the screenplays for other directors such as The Circle. In 2013 he acted in and co-directed Closed Curtain.

Partovi died on 24 November 2020 from COVID-19 in Tehran at the age of 65.

References

Other websites

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran
Iranian screenwriters
Iranian movie directors
Pepper Potts

Pepper Potts is a Marvel Comics character. She's Tony Stark's assistant and later girlfriend. She was created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby and Larry Lieber and appears in the Iron Man comics as the deuteragonist. She's also an important character of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. She's played by Gwyneth Paltrow in the movies Iron Man, Iron Man 2, The Avengers, Iron Man 3, Spider-Man: Homecoming, Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame and she will reprise her role in the upcoming Disney+ series Iron Heart.

Fictional characters introduced in 1963
Marvel Comics superheroes
Marvel Comics movie characters
Characters created by Stan Lee
Nasha Niva

Nasha Niva (, it means "Our field") was a newspaper in Belarus. It was made in 1906. It was made again in 1991.

The website of "Nasha Niva" (nn.by) was made in 1997. This site can't be opened in Belarus. It has been writing about the 2020 Belarusian protests and 2020 Belarusian presidential election. It uses the Belarusian language.

"Nasha Niva" is free of state propaganda. It is against Alexander Lukashenko. The government tried to close the newspaper many times. The newspaper got big fines and was left from state circulation. The editors and journalists have been arrested.

As of 2020, the editor-in-chief is Yahor Martsinovich, he came after Andrej Dyńko.

2021 attack 

On July 8, 2021, the office and the houses of its main people were looked for. Main journalists Yahor Martsinovich, Andrej Dyńko, Andrej Skurko, accountant Volha Rakovich were arrested. "Nasha Niva" said that editor Jahor Marcinovič went through a physical attack. They were called responsible for the 2020 Belarusian protests. Several other "Nasha Niva" journalist were detained. Since that day, the domain name was stopped working, the website of "Nasha Niva" can't be opened. The Ministry of Information of Belarus made such punishment for "prohibited information" that the website has been having over it.

On July 12, 2021, ten organizations (the Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Association of Journalists, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee and others) made a joint statement. It said that Yahor Martsinovich, Andrej Dyńko, Andrej Skurko, and Volha Rakovich are political prisoners.

In November 2021, Nasha Niva's Telegram channel and its social networks were declared extremist materials. In January 2022, the KGB declared Nasha Niva an extremist organisation. Creation of an extremist organisation or participation in it is a criminal offence in Belarus.

Awards 
Chief editor Andrej Dyńko got International Award "Freedom of Speech" and Lorenzo Natali Prize (2006);
  (2007)
 I Love Belarus (2010)
 Andrej Dyńko got first prize in ‘Belarus in Focus’ journalist contest (2013)
Egor Martinovich got ‘Press Freedom’ award by Reporters Without Borders (2015)
Egor Martinovich and Dmitry Pankaviec got BAJ ‘Volnaye Slova’ Award (2015)
 Natallia Lubneuskaya got the  (2021)

References

Sources

Other websites
 Nasha Niva Online
 Interview with Andrey Dynko
 The Prague Society for International Cooperation
 The History of Naša Niva from 1906 to the Present Day 

Newspapers in Belarus
Websites
Censorship in Belarus
Free Media Award winners
The Lights of New York

The Lights of New York is a 1922 American drama movie directed by Charles Brabin and starring Clarence Nordstrom, Margaret Seddon, Frank Currier, Florence Short, Estelle Taylor. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1922 movies
1920s drama movies
American drama movies
American silent movies
Movies directed by Charles Brabin
The Big Sleep (1978 movie)

The Big Sleep is a 1978 British American crime mystery movie directed by Michael Winner and is the second version of the 1939 novel of the same name by Raymond Chandler. It stars Robert Mitchum, James Stewart, Oliver Reed, Sarah Miles, Richard Boone, Candy Clark, Edward Fox, John Mills, Harry Andrews, Richard Todd, Diana Quick and was distributed by United Artists.

Mitchum had also played Philip Marlowe three years earlier in the movie Farewell, My Lovely (1975 movie). Mitchum is the only actor to play the character in more than one feature film.

Other websites
 
 
 

1978 crime movies
1970s mystery movies
British crime movies
British mystery movies
American crime movies
American mystery movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Michael Winner
Lord Randolph Churchill

Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill (13 February 1849 – 24 January 1895) was Winston Churchill's father. He was a son of the 7th Duke of Marlborough. 

He was a leading British Tory politician. Churchill was a Tory radical who coined the term One-nation conservatism. 

He inspired a generation of party managers and created the National Union of the Conservative Party. He broke new ground in modern budgetary presentations. He got admiration and criticism from across the political spectrum. His disloyalty to Lord Salisbury was the beginning of the end of what might have been a glittering career.  His elder son, Winston, wrote a biography of him in 1906.

Medical condition and early death 
Churchill died early, suffering from a disease. That disease was either syphilis or a brain tumour or even multiple sclerosis. 

It is definitely the case that he was treated for syphilis, and it has been suggested that he was suffering from symptoms of the mercury-based medication. The Churchills' family doctor in the 1880s had written about syphilis. He referred Randolph to the specialist Thomas Buzzard, and continued to prescribe potassium iodide and mercury.

Sources 
Churchill, Winston C. 1906. Lord Randolph Churchill. 2 vols, Macmillan, London.
Rosebery, Lord 1906. Lord Randolph Churchill.
Cornwallis-West, Mrs 1908. The reminiscences of Lady Randolph Churchill.
Jennings, Louis J. 1889. Speeches of Lord Randolph Churchill 1880–88. 2 vols.

References 

British politicians
RRR (movie)

RRR (which stands for Rise, Roar, Revolt) is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language period action drama movie. It is written and directed by S. S. Rajamouli. It stars N. T. Rama Rao Jr., Ram Charan, Alia Bhatt, Olivia Morris, and Ajay Devgn. It was gonna release on January 7, 2022, but was postponed indefinitely. Made on a budget of ₹400 crore (US$53 million), RRR was initially scheduled for theatrical release on 30 July 2020, which has been deferred multiple times due to production delays and followed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the film was scheduled to be released theatrically on March 25, 2022.

Premise
A fictional tale about two legendary Indian revolutionaries and their journey away from home before they started fighting for their country in the 1920's.

Cast
N. T. Rama Rao Jr. as Komaram Bheem, a Gond tribal leader from Telangana who fought against the Nizam of Hyderabad for the liberation of Hyderabad State.
Chakri as Young Komaram Bheem
Ram Charan as Alluri Sitarama Raju, an independence activist and a tribal leader from Andhra Pradesh. He was involved in the Indian independence movement, fought against the British Raj.
Varun Buddhadev as Young Alluri Sitarama Raju
Ajay Devgn (Cameo appearance)
Alia Bhatt as Sita (Cameo appearance)
Spandan Chaturvedi as Young Sita
Olivia Morris as Jennifer
Samuthirakani
Alison Doody as Lady Scott
Ray Stevenson as Scott
Shriya Saran as Sarojini

Additionally, Chatrapathi Sekhar, Rajeev Kanakala and Rahul Ramakrishna are cast in undisclosed roles. Arun Sagar is signed to make a cameo appearance.

References

Other websites 
 
 

Upcoming movies
Telugu-language movies
Period action movies
Movies directed by S. S. Rajamouli
Epic movies
Indian movies
2022 movies
Jan van Toorn

Jan van Toorn (9 May 1932 – 13 November 2020) was a Dutch graphic designer.

Van Toorn began working in a printing house in Amsterdam. He made calendars for Mart.Spruijt in Amsterdam and posters and catalogs for the Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven.

In the 1980s, van Toorn became an art educator. He taught at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie and the Jan Van Eyck Academie in Maastricht.

In February 2008, he sent his collective works to the archives at the University of Amsterdam.

Van Toorn died in Amsterdam on 13 November 2020 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Dutch artists
Dutch educators
Robert Hammerstiel

Robert Hammerstiel (18 February 1933 – 23 November 2020) was an Austrian painter and engraver. He was also an honorary member of the Vojvodinian Academy of Sciences and Art. He wrote many books about wood carvings. He was born in Vršac, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Many of his works were seen in New York City, Vienna, Cairo and Brussels.

In 1998, he was honored with the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art.

Hammerstiel died on 23 November 2020 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
 Robert Hammerstiel Home page
 Exhibitions

1933 births
2020 deaths
Austrian painters
Austrian writers
Erik M. Galimov

Erik Mikhaylovich Galimov (; 29 July 1936 – 24 November 2020) was a Russian geochemist and Doctor of Sciences. He was born in Vladivostok, Soviet Union.

He was Editor-in-Chief of the Russian journal Geochemistry from 2005 until his death. He was also academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1994 until his death. He was a Distinguished Professor at the Lomonosov Moscow State University. 

Galimov died on 24 November 2020, aged 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Geologists
Russian chemists
Russian educators
Mohammad Khadem

Mohamed Khadem Khorasani Azghadi (, 7 September 1935 – 24 November 2020) was an Iranian featherweight freestyle wrestler. He won a silver medal at the 1962 World Championships. He placed eighth at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Mashhad, Iran.

Khadem died on 24 November 2020 in Tehran, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Iranian sportspeople
Wrestlers
Olympians
Rob Delaney

Rob Delaney (born January 19, 1977) is an American comedian, actor, writer, and activist. He was the co-star and co-writer of the TV show Catastrophe. He has appeared in minor roles in blockbuster movies like Deadpool 2 (2018) and the Fast & Furious spin-off Hobbs & Shaw (2019).

Delaney was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He studied at New York University. His career began in 2003.

References

1977 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television writers
American television producers
American activists
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Screenwriters from Massachusetts
Writers from Boston, Massachusetts
Comedians from Boston, Massachusetts
Dan Bongino

Daniel John Bongino (born December 4, 1974) is an American conservative political commentator, radio show host, author and politician. He was a New York City Police Department (NYPD) officer and Secret Service agent before entering politics. 

He ran unsuccessfully for Congress as a Republican in 2012, 2014, and 2016.

In September 2020, a tumor was found in his neck. The following month, the tumor was removed and he was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma.

References

1974 births
Living people
American political commentators
American radio personalities
American political writers
American autobiographers
American police officers
People with cancer
Politicians from New York City
Politicians from Florida
Writers from New York City
Writers from Florida
US Republican Party politicians
American conservatives
Tim Story

Timothy Kevin Story (born March 13, 1970) is an American director, producer and writer. He is known for directing comedy movies such as Ride Along, Barbershop, Think Like a Man and he also directed the comic book movie Fantastic Four.

References

1970 births
Living people
Movie directors from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Screenwriters from Los Angeles
Tituss Burgess

Tituss Burgess (born February 21, 1979) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for starring as Titus Andromedon on the Netflix comedy series Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt from 2015 to 2020. Before, he starred in many Broadway plays.

Burgess was born in Athens, Georgia. He is openly gay.

References

1979 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
LGBT actors
LGBT singers
Gay men
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
LGBT people from Georgia (U.S. state)
Montserrat Carulla

Montserrat Carulla i Ventura (September 19, 1930 – November 24, 2020) was a Spanish actress. She was born in Barcelona. Her career began in the 1940s through stage productions. Her best known movie roles were in Furrows (1951), Companys, procés a Catalunya (1979) and in The Orphanage (2007).

Carulla died in Barcelona on November 24, 2020 at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Spanish movie actors
Spanish stage actors
Spanish television actors
People from Barcelona
Willy Kuijpers

Willy Kuijpers (1 January 1937 – 17 November 2020) was a Belgian politician. He was born in Leuven, Belgium. He was a member of the People's Union Party and the New Flemish Alliance.

Kuijpers was a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 1971 to 1984. He also was a MEP from 1984 to 1989. He was a Senator from 1989 to 1995. From 1995 to 2012, he was Mayor of Herent.

Kuijpers died on 17 November 2020 at a hospital in Leuven from COVID-19 at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Former MEPs
MEPs for Belgium
Belgian mayors
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium
Dukla Prague

Dukla Prague () was a Czech football club that was based in Prague, Czechoslovakia (Now Czech Republic). It was created in 1948 as ATK Praha. The club sent seven players to the Czechoslovakia national team that ended as runners-up at the 1962 World Cup.

Managers 
The following individuals managed Dukla Prague.

Ladislav Ženíšek, Jiří Zástěra (1948)
Ladislav Ženíšek (1949–50)
Karel Kolský (1951–52)
Bohumil Musil (1953)
Karel Kolský (1954–59)
Bohumil Musil (1959–60)
Jaroslav Vejvoda (1960–65)

Bohumil Musil (1965–69)
Milan Tosnar (1965–70)
Jaroslav Vejvoda (1969–73)
Josef Masopust (1973–75)
Jaroslav Vejvoda (1975–80)
Ladislav Novák (1980–85)
Jiří Lopata (1985–87)
Jaroslav Jareš (1987–90)

Ivo Viktor (1990–91)
Michal Jelínek (1991–92)
František Plass (1992)
Jiří Fryš (1993)
Dan Matuška (1993–94)
Svatopluk Bouška (1994)

Honours 
Czechoslovak First League
Champions (11): 1953, 1956, 1957–58, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1981–82

Czechoslovak Cup
Winners (8): 1960–61, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1968–69, 1980–81, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90

International Soccer League
Winners: 1960

References

Bibliography 
Horák, Jindřich, Král, Lubomír. Encyklopedie našeho fotbalu : Sto let českého a slovenského fotbalu. Domácí soutěže. Praha : Libri, 1997. 704 p. 
Jeřábek, Luboš. Český a československý fotbal – lexikon osobností a klubů, Praha: Grada Publishing, 2007. 
Pavel, Ota. Dukla mezi mrakodrapy. Praha : Slávka Kopecká, 2004. 183 p. Sebrané spisy Oty Pavla; vol. 1. 
Pivoda, Aleš. Legenda se vrátila Praha: MAC, 2013. 157 p. 
Sigmund, Stanislav. FC Dukla 1948–1998. Praha : MJF, 1998. 51 p. 

1948 establishments in Europe
1996 disestablishments in Europe
Czech football clubs
Prague
Canadian American

Canadian Americans is a term that can be applied to American citizens whose ancestry is wholly or partly Canadian, or citizens of either country that hold dual citizenship.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Iranian American

Iranian Americans or Persian Americans are U.S. citizens who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. Most Iranian Americans live in California.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Singer 2019

Singer 2019 is the third season of Chinese television series Singer, a rebranded version of I Am a Singer that will air on Hunan Television. It is produced by Hong Tao, and its music director is Hong Kong senior musician Kubert Leung. It will be recorded in the Hunan Broadcasting System Radio and Television Center, Changsha, Hunan on January 4, 2019 and aired from January 11 to April 12, 2019 on Hunan Television.

Results

Details of competitions

1st round

Qualifying

Overall ranking
Escape Plan was eliminated in the 1st round.

Sources

Other websites
 
 
 《歌手2019》Mango TV Official Channel

Chinese music
2019 in television
Østerbro

Østerbro () is one of the 10 official districts of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located just north of the city centre, outside the old city gate Østerport which, after it was moved around 1700, used to be located close to present-day Østerport Station. From the beginning, Østerbro has been a wealthy district, and it is still one of the richest areas in Copenhagen.

Geography
The area of Østerbro is 11.84 km². 68,769 live there. Its neighbors are Nørrebro to the west, Hellerup to the north and Øresund to the east.

Landmarks 
 Danish Meteorological Institute
 Den Frie Udstilling
 Gasværket
 Frihavn
 Fælledparken
 Garrison's Cemetery
 Parken Stadium
 Rigshospitalet
 Trianglen (“The Triangle”)
 Østerport Station
 Kastellet
 Nordre Frihavnsgade
 The Little Mermaid

References

Other websites

Copenhagen
Districts
HJK Helsinki

Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi (translation: The Football Club of Helsinki), commonly known as HJK Helsinki, or simply as HJK, is a professional football club based in Helsinki, Finland. The club competes in the Finnish Veikkausliiga. The club's home stadium is the Bolt Arena, with a capacity of 10,770.

European campaigns

UEFA club competition record
As of 6 August 2019.

UEFA Club Ranking
This is the current UEFA Club Ranking.

Last update: 8 July 2019

Players

First team squad

Out on loan

Managers

 Yrjö Larha (1933–1944)
 Eino Nuutinen (1945–1947)
 George Duke (1948–1949)
 Eino Nuutinen (1950)
 János Nagy (1951)
 Eino Nuutinen (1952)
 Niilo Nordman (1953–1955)
 Aatos Lehtonen (1956–1958)
 Aulis Rytkönen (1960–71)
 Raimo Kauppinen (Jan 1, 1972–74)
 Kai Pahlman (1973–74)
 Aulis Rytkönen (July 1, 1975–79)
 Raimo Kauppinen (1975 – Dec 31, 1979)
 Martti Kuusela (Jan 1, 1980 – Dec 31, 1981)
 Raimo Kauppinen (Jan 1, 1981–82)
 Thure Sarnola (1982)

 Miikka Toivola (1983–1984)
 Jyrki Heliskoski (Jan 1, 1985 – Dec 31, 1989)
 Martti Kuusela (Jan 1, 1990 – Dec 31, 1990)
 Jyrki Nieminen (Jan 1, 1991 – Dec 31, 1991)
 Jari-Pekka Keurulainen (Jan 1, 1992 – Dec 31, 1994)
 Bo Johansson (Jan 1, 1995 – Dec 31, 1995)
 Tommy Lindholm (Jan 1, 1996 – July 8, 1996)
 Jari-Pekka Keurulainen,  Martti Kuusela (July 8, 1996 – Dec 31, 1996)
 Antti Muurinen (Jan 1, 1997 – Dec 31, 1999)
 Jyrki Heliskoski (Jan 1, 2000 – Dec 31, 2001)
 Keith Armstrong (Jan 1, 2002 – Sept 5, 2007)
 Aki Hyryläinen (Sept 6, 2007 – Oct 10, 2007)
 Antti Muurinen (Oct 10, 2007 – Dec 31, 2012)
 Sixten Boström (Jan 1, 2013 – April 28, 2014)
 Mika Lehkosuo (April 29, 2014 – May 22, 2019)
 Toni Koskela (May 22, 2019–)

Honours
Veikkausliiga:
Winners (30): 1911, 1912, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1923, 1925, 1936, 1938, 1964, 1973, 1978, 1981, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2020
Runners-up (14): 1921, 1933, 1937, 1939, 1956, 1965, 1966, 1982, 1983, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2016
Finnish Cup:
Winners (14): 1966, 1981, 1984, 1993, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2016–17, 2020
Runners-up (5): 1975, 1985, 1990, 1994, 2010
Finnish League Cup:
Winners (5): 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2015
Runners-up (3): 1995, 2009, 2012

References

Other websites

Official website 
Klubipääty – supporters 
Forza HJK – fan club 

20th-century establishments in Finland
1907 establishments in Europe
Football clubs
Football in Finland
Helsinki
Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans

Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry that speak the Spanish language natively and are/or from Latin America, respectively.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Curzon family

House of Curzon, which dates back to the 1200s, is one of the most acknowledged English aristocratic families. Its family members have held almost 14 hereditary titles, including Earl Howe, Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, Earl Curzon of Kedleston, Viscount Scarsdale, Viscount Curzon, Viscounts Howe, Baron Scarsdale, Curzon of Kedleston, Baron Ravensdale, Baron Howe, Manor of Curzon, Baron Curzon, Baronet Kedleston Hall and Baronet Mosley.

History
In the year 1759, when Nathaniel Curzon did the house's commissioning and then by Robert Adam's designation. The first son of the 4th Baron Scarsdale, known as George Nathaniel Curzon, was also the first Marquess Curzon of Kedleston. Kedleston was the second Baroness Ravensdale from 1896-1966, while Sir Nicholas Mosley was the 3rd Baron Ravensdale his mother was Cynthia Blanche Mosley (1898-1933), a daughter of George Curzon. The first Earl Howe was known as Curzon-Howe Richard William (1796–1870), the second was Curzon-Howe George Frederick (1821–76), and the third was Earl Howe as Curzon-Howe Richard William (1822–1900). Curzon Richard George (1861–1929), Curzon Francis Penn (1884–1964), Curzon Richard Assheton (1908–84), and Curzon Frederick Richard (b. 1951) were the fourth to seventh, respectively.

The Kedleston Hall is one of the estates owned by the Curzon family, and it's located in the northwest of Derby, more precisely Derbyshire's Kedleston, which is six kilometers away. Its main function is to cat as the Curzon’s family seat. Even after Richard Curzon met his death, the Kedleston Hall maintained its expensive status hence compelling Francis Curzon, his cousin, to settle death dues by submitting the estate to the state.

Today
Several facilities have been named after the Curzon family, such as Curzon Street, of which most residents believe that it was named after Mr. George Howe, who was the 3rd Viscount Howe. However, the street was transferred to another member of the Curzon family, who had maintained the surname "Curzon". Another street in North West expanse London is named Curzon Avenue, and it's located in the Northwich, Weaver Vale constituency. A soccer club called Curzon Ashton F.C. is located in the Ashton-under-Lyne, whose history can be traced back to the Curzon's family since several family members participated in the club's activities. Three other parks bear the Curzon family's name, namely; Curzon Park (in Chester), Curzon Park Abbey (a monastery of nuns) and Roker Curzon Park (Sunderland).

In honor of his cousin John Barnewall Curzon, Henry Francis Roper, who originated from the House of Roper, decided to join houses in the year 1788. To date, some of his descendants still use the name Roper-Curzon, and some of the famous members of the Curzon’s family include Harry Roper-Curzon, John Roper-Curzon, and David Roper-Curzon.

Family Motto
Their family motto states, "Let Curzon hold what Curzon held," and it acted as the coat of arms' alternative.

References

Baronets
English Barons
Royalty and nobility
Black Hispanic and Latino Americans

In the United States, Black Hispanics or Afro-Hispanics, as officially classified by the United States Census Bureau, Office of Management and Budget and U.S. government agencies, are people who are racially black and are from Latin America and/or speak Spanish as their first language.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
White Hispanic and Latino Americans

In the United States, a White Hispanic is an individual who self-identifies as white and of Hispanic descent and/or speaks the Spanish language natively. White Latino Americans are a broader category, including people of Brazilian descent, who mostly speak Portuguese, as well as Spanish-speaking populations.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States