cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Ingrida Šimonytė

Ingrida Šimonytė (born 15 November 1974) is a Lithuanian politician and economist. She has been the Prime Minister of Lithuania since 25 November 2020. She is the second woman to hold the office. She has been a member of the Seimas for the Antakalnis constituency since 2016.

She was minister of finance in the second Kubilius cabinet from 2009 until 2012. She was a candidate in the 2019 presidential election.

References

1974 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Lithuania
Economists
Prime Minister of Lithuania

The prime minister of Lithuania (, literally translated as Minister-Chairman) is the head of the Government of Lithuania. The prime minister is Lithuania's head of government and is appointed by the President.

List
 Parties

Notes

References
Rolandas Paksas

Rolandas Paksas (born 10 June 1956) is a Lithuanian politician who was President of Lithuania from 2003 until his impeachment and removal from office in 2004. He was Prime Minister of Lithuania in 1999 and again from 2000 to 2001, and he was Mayor of Vilnius from 1997 to 1999 and again from 2000 to 2001.

He is thought to be worst President of Lithuania in modern history.

References

1956 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Lithuania
Presidents of Lithuania
Mayors
People from Vilnius
Former MEPs
MEPs for Lithuania
Artūras Paulauskas

Artūras Paulauskas (born 23 August 1953) is a Lithuanian politician. He was the Speaker of Seimas, the parliament of Lithuania, from 2000 to 2006, and he was Acting President of Lithuania from 6 April 2004 to 12 July 2004.

References

1953 births
People from Vilnius
Living people
Presidents of Lithuania
Speakers of the Seimas
Seimas

The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania (), or simply the Seimas is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania.

The Seimas approves or rejects the candidate for the Prime Minister nominated by the President.

Its 141 members are elected for a four-year term.

References

Lithuania
Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen

Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen (née Čmilytė; born 6 August 1983) is a Lithuanian politician and chess player. She is the current Speaker of the Seimas since 13 November 2020. She is the third woman to hold this position.

She was awarded the title Grandmaster by FIDE in 2010. She was European women's champion in 2011, and is a two-time Lithuanian champion. 

Čmilytė-Nielsen began her career in politics in 2015, when she was selected to replace Remigijus Šimašius in the Seimas for the Liberal Movement. She became Seimas opposition leader in 2019.

References

1983 births
Living people
Speakers of the Seimas
Chess grandmasters
List of speakers of the Seimas

The Speaker of the Seimas (, literally translated as Chairman of the Seimas) is the presiding officer of the Seimas, the parliament of Lithuania.

List

1920–1940

1990–present

References

Other websites
Official website
Česlovas Juršėnas

Česlovas Juršėnas (born 18 May 1938) is a Lithuanian politician. He was Speaker of the Seimas in from 1993 to 1996 and in 2008.

References

1938 births
Living people
Speakers of the Seimas
Irena Degutienė

Irena Degutienė (born 1 June 1949) is a Lithuanian politician. She is member of the conservative Homeland Union.

She was twice the acting Prime Minister of Lithuania, first from 4 May 1999 to 18 May 1999 and then from 27 October 1999 to 3 November 1999. 

She has also been the Minister for Social Security and Labour from 1996 to 2000. In 1996, she was elected to Seimas and re-elected in 2000.

On 15 September 2009, Degutienė became Speaker of the Seimas, a position she held until 14 September 2012. She is the first woman to hold such position in Lithuania's history.

References

Living people
1949 births
Speakers of Seimas
Prime Ministers of Lithuania
F. C. Kohli

Faqir Chand Kohli (19 March 1924 – 26 November 2020), popularly known as F. C. Kohli, was an Indian engineer and software businessman. He was known as the Father of the Indian Software Industry.

He was the founder and first CEO of Tata Consultancy Services, India's largest software company. He was the deputy general manager of the Tata Power Company. He was Chairman of the Board of Governors of College of Engineering, Pune.

Kohli died of a heart attack on 26 November 2020 at the age of 96.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
Indian businesspeople
Indian scientists
Indian engineers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Dadang Wigiarto

Dadang Wigiarto (20 December 1966 – 26 November 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was a member of the National Awakening Party. Wigiarto was born in Pasuruan, Indonesia. From 2010 until his death, he was Regent of the Situbondo Regency.

Wigiarto died of COVID-19 on 26 November 2020 in the Situbondo Regency at the age of 53.

References

1966 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Indonesian politicians
Julio César Gandarilla Bermejo

Julio César Gandarilla Bermejo (1943 – 24 November 2020) was a Cuban military official and politician. He was born in Matanzas, Cuba. He was a rear admiral for the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces. From 2017 until his death, he was the Minister of the Interior.

Gandarilla Bermejo died of a long-illness in Havana on 24 November 2020 at the age of 77.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Cuban military people
Cuban politicians
Matanzas

Matanzas (Cuban ) is the capital of the Cuban province of Matanzas. It is located on the northern shore of the island of Cuba, on the Bay of Matanzas (Spanish Bahia de Matanzas). It is  east of the capital Havana and  west of the resort town of Varadero.

Matanzas is called the City of Bridges, for the seventeen bridges that cross the three rivers.

References

Cities in Cuba
Jamir Garcia

Vladimir A. "Jamir" Garcia (5 September 1978 – 26 November 2020) was a Filipino alternative metal singer-songwriter. He was the main vocalist of the metal band Slapshock. Garcia was born in Pampanga, Philippines. His career began in 1997. 

On 26 November 2020, Garcia was found dead at his home in Quezon City at the age of 42. The cause of death is believed to be suicide by hanging.

Albums
4th Degree Burn (PolyEast Records, 1999)
Headtrip (PolyEast Records, 2001)
Project 11-41 (PolyEast Records, 2002)
Novena (PolyEast Records, 2004)
Silence (PolyEast Records, 2006)
Cariño Brutal (PolyEast Records, 2010)
Kinse Kalibre (PolyEast Records, 2011)

References

1978 births
2020 deaths
Filipino singers
Filipino writers
Songwriters
Heavy metal singers
Suicides by hanging
Carthaginian tree frog

The Carthaginian tree frog (Hyla carthaginiensis) is a tree frog from Algeria and Tunisia.  It lives in the northern parts of both countries, in places where there is plenty of water in the air.

Scientists say this frog is related to Hyla meridionalis.

References

Animals of Africa
Frogs
Carlo Ausino

Carlo Ausino (20 July 1938 – 22 November 2020) was an Italian movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Messina, Kingdom of Italy. His career began in the 1960s. His best known works were Double Game (1977) and Tony: Another Double Game (1980).

Ausino died in Turin, Italy on 22 November 2020 at the age of 82.

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
2020 deaths
Italian movie directors
Cinematographers
Errol Morris

Errol Mark Morris (born February 5, 1948) is an American movie director. He is known for documentaries. His 1988 documentary The Thin Blue Line is said to be the best and most documentaries ever made. 

In 2003, his documentary movie The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara won the Oscar for Best Documentary Feature.

Morris is partially blind on one eye due to strabismus.

References

Other websites

1948 births
Living people
Movie directors from New York
Blind people
Hewlett, New York

Hewlett is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York on the South Shore of Long Island. As of the United States 2010 Census, the CDP population was 6,819.

References

Census-designated places in New York (state)
Hamlets in New York
Strabismus

Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes do not line up with each other when looking at an object.

References

Eye
Diseases
John Connolly (FBI)

John Joseph Connolly Jr. (born August 1, 1940) is an American former Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent. 

He was convicted of racketeering, obstruction of justice, and murder charges caused from his relationship with James "Whitey" Bulger, Steve Flemmi, and the Winter Hill Gang.

References

1940 births
Living people
American people convicted of murder
People from Boston, Massachusetts
Stephen Flemmi

Stephen Joseph Flemmi (born June 9, 1934) is an Italian-American gangster. He was part of the Winter Hill Gang and worked with mob boss Whitey Bulger. 

Beginning in 1975, Flemmi was a top informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

References

1934 births
Living people
American gangsters
People from Boston, Massachusetts
Rory Cochrane

Rory Cochrane (born February 28, 1972) is an American actor. He was born in Syracuse, New York. He is known for playing Ron Slater in Dazed and Confused, Lucas in Empire Records, Lee Schatz in Argo, Freck in A Scanner Darkly and Tim Speedle in CSI: Miami.

References

Other websites
 

1972 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York
People from Syracuse, New York
Scotch-Irish Americans

Scotch-Irish (or Scots-Irish) Americans are American descendants of Ulster Protestants who immigrated from northern Ireland to America during the 18th and 19th centuries, whose ancestors had originally migrated mainly from the Scottish Lowlands and northern England (and sometimes from the Anglo-Scottish border).

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Cornish Americans

Cornish Americans (Cornish: Kernowyon yn Amerika) are Americans who describe themselves as having Cornish ancestry, an ethnic group of Brittonic Celts native to Cornwall and the Scilly Isles in the United Kingdom. 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Romanian Americans

Romanian Americans are Americans who have Romanian ancestry. According to the 2017 American Community Survey, 478,278 Americans indicated Romanian as their first or second ancestry.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
French Canadian Americans

French-Canadian Americans (also referred to as Franco-Canadian Americans or Canadien Americans) are Americans of French-Canadian descent. About 2.1 million U.S. residents cited this ancestry in the 2010 U.S. Census; most of them speak French at home. 
Americans of French-Canadian descent are mostly found in New England and the Midwest. Their ancestors mostly arrived in the United States from Quebec between 1840 and 1930, though some families became established as early as the 17th and 18th centuries.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Chipset

A chipset is an arrangement of several integrated circuits which fulfill a given task. When talking about computers, chipset is the name for an arrangement of circuits on a motherboard that supports a microprocessor.

Computing
Pericarditis

Pericarditis (pronunciation: peri·​car·​di·​tis)  is a heart condition. It is the swelling and irritation of the pericardium.

Signs and Symptoms
Pericarditis can be acute pericarditis or chronic pericarditis. A typical symptom of acute pericarditis is a sharp, pricking chest pain taking place rapidly. It is felt in the midst or left side of chest. There may be pain in one or both shoulders.

References

Medical signs
Heart disease
Walther PP

The Walther PP is a pistol, which was originally developed for police officers. The PP stands for "Polizeipistole", "Police pistol". It was developed in 1929, and produced until 1996. The pistol is a blowback semi-automatic. The weapons manufacturer Carl Walther GmbH built it.

Pistols
Dante's Inferno (1935 movie)

Dante's Inferno is a 1935 American drama movie directed by Harry Lachman and was based on the 14th century poem Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri. It stars Spencer Tracy, Claire Trevor, Henry B. Walthall, Alan Dinehart, Rita Hayworth, Don Ameche, Willard Robertson, Scotty Beckett and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1935 movies
1930s drama movies
American drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Harry Lachman
The Yellow Mask

The Yellow Mask is a 1930 British musical movie directed by Harry Lachman and was based on the 1927 novel The Traitor's Gate by Edgar Wallace and adapted into a play of the same name in 1928. It stars Lupino Lane, Dorothy Seacombe, Warwick Ward, Haddon Mason, Frank Cochrane, Wallace Lupino and was distributed by Wardour Pictures.

Other websites

1930 movies
1930s musical movies
British musical movies
Movies based on books
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Harry Lachman
History of international football in Russia



Russian Empire

The first national football team of Russia was the Russian Empire national football team. They were founded in 1910. They played 16 matches (8 official and 8 unofficial). Their first unofficial match was a 5-4 win against Bohemia on October 16, 1910. Their first official match was a 2-1 loss against Finland at the 1912 Summer Olympics. That match was played on June 30, 1912. Their last game was a 1-1 draw against Norway on July 12, 1914. Their heaviest defeat was a 16-0 loss against Germany during the Consolation tournament at the 1912 Summer Olympics. The match was played on July 1, 1912. This was 1 day after the Russian Empire's loss against Finland. After World War I started, the Russian Empire national football team was dissolved.

Soviet Union

The successor to the Russian Empire was the Soviet Union national football team. It was founded in 1922, which was the same year that the Soviet Union took control after the Russian Civil War. They would play their first game on November 16, 1924, which was a 3-0 win against Turkey. In July 1960, the Soviet Union reached 1st on the FIFA World Rankings. They won a gold medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics, the 1960 UEFA European Championship, and finished 4th at the 1966 FIFA World Cup.

They played most of their games at the Central Lenin Stadium in Moscow. Oleg Blokhin has the most caps (112 caps) and most goals (42 goals) for the Soviet Union. There have been 3 Soviet Union player that have won a Ballon d'Or. Those players are Lev Yashin, Oleg Blokhin, and Igor Belanov.

CIS

After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the CIS national football team was the national team that represented the Commonwealth of Independent States. It took the Soviet Union's spot at UEFA Euro 1992. They finished last in their group after draws against the Netherlands and Germany, and a loss against Scotland.

Russia

The successor of the CIS is the Russia national football team. Their first match as Russia was a 2-0 win against Mexico on August 16, 1992. They have played most of their games at either the Luzhniki Stadium (33 games), the Lokomotiv Stadium (28 games), or the Central Dynamo Stadium (18 games). All 3 stadiums are located in Moscow.

Some of their former managers include Oleg Romantsev, Guus Hiddink, Dick Advocaat, and Fabio Capello.  They reached the Semi-Finals of UEFA Euro 2008, and the Quarter-Finals of the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

References

Football
Romblomanon language



By culture / time period

References
Limba noastră

"Deșteaptă-te, române!" (; variously translated as "Awaken thee, Romanian!", "Awaken, Romanian!", or "Wake up, Romanian!") is the national anthem of Romania.

The lyrics were composed by Andrei Mureșanu (1816–1863) and the music was popular (it was chosen for the poem by Gheorghe Ucenescu, as most sources say). It was written and published during the 1848 revolution, initially with the name "Un răsunet" (). It was first sung in late June in the same year in the city of Brașov, on the streets of the Șcheii Brașovului neighborhood. It was immediately accepted as the revolutionary anthem and renamed "Deșteaptă-te, române!"

Since then, this song, which contains a message of liberty and patriotism, has been sung during all major Romanian conflicts, including during the 1989 anti-communist revolution. After the revolution, it became the national anthem on 24 January 1990, replacing the communist-era national anthem "Trei culori" ().

July 29 is now the "National Anthem Day" (Ziua Imnului național), an annual observance in Romania.

The song was also used on various solemn occasions in the Moldavian Democratic Republic during its brief existence between 1917 and 1918. Furthemore, between 1991 and 1994, Deșteaptă-te, române! also was the national anthem of Moldova, but it was subsequently replaced by the current Moldovan anthem, "Limba noastră" ().

Notes

References

National anthems
Romanian culture
Romanian alphabet

The Romanian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used by the Romanian language. It is a modification of the classical Latin alphabet and consists of 31 letters. Five of the letters (Ă, Â, Î, Ș, and Ț) have been changed from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language:

The letters Q (chiu), W (dublu v), and Y (igrec or i grec) were formally introduced in the Romanian alphabet in 1982, although they had been used earlier. They occur only in foreign words and their Romanian derivatives, such as quasar, watt, and yacht. The letter K, although relatively older, is also rarely used and appears only in proper names and international neologisms such as kilogram, broker, karate. These four letters are still perceived as foreign, which explains their usage for stylistic purposes in words such as nomenklatură (normally nomenclatură, meaning "nomenclature", but sometimes spelled with k instead of c if referring to members of the Communist leadership in the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc countries, as Nomenklatura is used in English).

In cases where the word is a direct borrowing having diacritical marks not present in the above alphabet, official spelling tends to favor their use (München, Angoulême etc., as opposed to the use of Istanbul over İstanbul).

References

Alphabets
S-comma

S-comma (majuscule: Ș, minuscule: ș) is a letter which is part of the Romanian alphabet, used to represent the sound , the voiceless postalveolar fricative (like sh in shoe).

History 

The letter was proposed in the Buda Lexicon, a book published in 1825, which included two texts by Petru Maior, Orthographia romana sive latino-valachica una cum clavi and Dialogu pentru inceputul linbei române, introducing ș for  and ț for .

Unicode support
S-comma was not initially supported in early Unicode versions, nor in the predecessors like ISO/IEC 8859-2 and Windows-1250. Instead, Ş (S-cedilla), a character available since Unicode  1.1.0 (1993), was used for digital texts written in Romanian. In some contexts, like with low-resolution screens and printouts, the visual distinction between ș and ş is minimal. In 1999, at the request of the Romanian Standardization Association, S-comma was introduced in Unicode 3.0. Nevertheless, encoding for the S-comma was not supported in retail versions of Microsoft Windows XP, but a later European Union Expansion Font Update provided the feature. While digital accessibility to S-comma has since improved, both characters continue to be used interchangeably in various contexts like publishing.

The letter is part of Unicode's Latin Extended-B range, under "Additions for Romanian", titled as "Latin capital letter S with comma below" (U+0218) and "Latin small letter s with comma below" (U+0219). In HTML, these can be encoded by &#x0218; and &#x0219;, respectively.

Use of the comma with the letter S

Romanian
The Romanian letter  (S with comma) represents the voiceless postalveolar fricative  (as in "show"). On outdated systems which do not support the glyph, the symbol  (S with cedilla) is used. Example word: .

Character encoding

References

Latin letters with diacritics
The Face in the Sky

The Face in the Sky is a 1933 American romantic comedy movie directed by Harry Lachman and starring Spencer Tracy, Marian Nixon, Stuart Erwin, Sam Hardy, Sarah Padden, Guy Usher. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 

1933 movies
1930s romance movies
1930s comedy movies
1930s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Harry Lachman
Russian Empire national football team

The Russian Empire national football team was the national football team representing the Russian Empire. It existed from 1910 to 1914.

Managers 
Georges Duperron (1910–1913)
Robert Fulda (1914)

Player records

Most appearances 
Vasily Zhitarev, 8
Nikita Khromov, 6
Vasily Butusov, 5
Andrei Akimov, 4
Pyotr Sokolov, 4

Goals 
Vasily Zhitarev, 4
Vasily Butusov, 1
Aleksandr Krotov, 1
Valentin Sysoyev, 

Football in Russia
European national football teams
1910 establishments in Europe
1914 disestablishments in Europe
Jang Song-thaek

Jang Song-thaek was the uncle of the Supreme Leader of North Korea Kim Jong-un, and he was executed on Kim Jong-un's order on alleged "treachery".

References

2013 deaths
North Korean people
1946 births
The Power and the Glory (movie)

The Power and the Glory is a 1933 American drama movie directed by William K. Howard and starring Spencer Tracy, Colleen Moore, Ralph Morgan, Helen Vinson, Phillip Trent, J. Farrell MacDonald. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1933 movies
1930s drama movies
American drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by William K. Howard
Man's Castle

Man's Castle is a 1933 American romantic drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and was based on the play of the same name by Lawrence Hazard. It stars Spencer Tracy, Loretta Young, Marjorie Rambeau, Glenda Farrell, Walter Connolly and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1933 movies
1930s romance movies
1930s drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Frank Borzage
CIS national football team

The CIS national football team was a transitional national team. It was created by the Football Federation of the Soviet Union in 1992. It would represent the Commonwealth of Independent States.

European Championship record

Post-Soviet national federations

National federation members of the CIS association

1.  Kazakhstan was an AFC member from 1994 until 2002, when they joined UEFA.

National federations outside the CIS association

Notes

Other websites
USSR National Football Team (in Russian)

1992 establishments in Europe
European national football teams
Italian Tripoli

Tripoli was the capital of Italian Libya in the first half of the 20th entury. Italian Tripoli was under Italian control from 1911 until January 1943: officially it disappeared in 1947 after the Peace Treaty following WWII. It was called "Tripoli italiana" in Italian language and the inhabitants were called "Tripolini".

History

During the Italo-Turkish War of 1911, Tripoli was conquered by the Italian Kingdom. The Italian fleet appeared off Ottoman Tripoli in the evening of September 28, 1911: the city was quickly conquered by 1,500 Italian sailors, welcomed by the population. 

By the 1912 treaty signed in Ouchy, Italian sovereignty was acknowledged by the Ottomans. Italy officially granted autonomy to the region around Tripoli after the war, but gradually occupied the region called "Tripolitania" by the Italians. Originally administered as part of a single colony, Tripoli and its surrounding province were a separate colony from 26 June 1927 to 3 December 1934, when all Italian possessions in North Africa were merged into one colony called "Italian Libya".

Since 1937 the governor Italo Balbo started a policy of immigration of Italians (mainly farmers) who were called the "Ventimilli" and some of them settled in the area of Italian Tripoli. So, by the end of 1937, the city has 108,240 inhabitants, including 39,096 Italians. At the start of WWII Italian Tripoli had 111,124 inhabitants of which the Italians were 41,304: 37% of the city's inhabitants. Additionally there were nearly 18,000 Jews in the Tripoli area.

Indeed after the Italian occupation of Libya in 1911, the Jews made great strides in education and economic conditions: at that time, there were about 21,000 Jews in the country, the majority in Tripoli. In the late 1930s, Fascist anti-Jewish laws were gradually enforced, and Jews were subject to moderate repression: still, by 1941 -due even to the partial rejection of those laws by governor Italo Balbo- the Jews accounted for a fifth of the population of Tripoli and maintained 44 synagogues.

The city grew under Italian rule, with new sewage, new hospitals and schools, new avenues and buildings, new airport and a huge enlarged seaport.

In 1941 and 1942 Italian Tripoli -according to estimates of the Italian government- reached a temporary population of nearly 150,000 inhabitants, due to the arrival of many Italians from Benghazi and Cyrenaica who took refuge from the British army attacks during WWII. As a consequence Tripoli was in those years -for the first time since the Arab conquest in 643 AD- a city mostly Christian.

After the end of the war the Italians started to go away from Tripoli and now only a few of them remain in the city.

Related pages
 Tripoli
 Piccola Roma
 Italian Mogadiscio
 Addis Abeba

References

Bibliography
 Bertarelli, Luigi Vittorio. Guida d'Italia: Possedimenti e colonie. Touring Club Italiano. Milano, 1929

Libya
History of Italy
Squid Noir

"Squid Noir" is the first part of the 9th episode of the 11th season of SpongeBob SquarePants. It was first shown on television on November 10, 2017. The episode is about Squidward's clarinet going missing before playing at an open mic. The episode is shown in black and white. Before the episode was shown on television, fans were able to color the end of the episode. The first time the episode was on television, pictures that fans colored were shown at the end of the episode.

Story 

Squidward tries to play his clarinet at the Krusty Krab to prepare for playing at an open mic. The customers do not like the music and get him kicked out. Squidward tries to play in many other places, but no one wants to hear him play. He tries to play in his house, but his neighbor Patrick does not want to hear him play. 

Before the night of the open mic, Squidward takes a nap. When he wakes up, he can not find his clarinet and thinks it was stolen. He goes to SpongeBob thinking that he took it. SpongeBob shows that he was at his grandmother's house when it happened. Squidward and SpongeBob go to the Krusty Krab and do a search on Mr. Krabs. Krabs says that he was counting his money when it happened and could not have taken the clarinet. Squidward and SpongeBob go to a comic book store to search Bubble Bass. SpongeBob and Bubble Bass fight using action figures. Bubble Bass's action figure breaks at the end of the fight. 

Squidward goes back to his house. Patrick finds jelly on where the clarinet last was. Squidward, SpongeBob, and Patrick go to a field and find a jellyfish with Squidward's clarinet. Squidward gets the clarinet back and plays on the open mic that night.

Reception 

The episode was watched by 1.855 million people when it was first shown on television. John Schwartz of Bubble Blabber liked the black and white look but thought that the episode was "too cliched" (not original). Blake Harper of Fatherly said that the episode is "a hilarious tribute" to the noir genre.

References

Other websites 

SpongeBob SquarePants episodes
2017 television episodes
Post Office Box

A post office box or PO box is a rentable, lockable box that is located at a post office, registered under a unique address that is used to receive mail.

Only post office workers and the person or organization renting the box from the post office can get into the PO box.

Postal service
Shanghai Madness

Shanghai Madness is a 1933 American adventure drama movie directed by John G. Blystone and starring Spencer Tracy, Fay Wray, Ralph Morgan, Eugene Pallette, Arthur Hoyt, Albert Conti. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1933 movies
1930s adventure movies
1930s drama movies
American adventure movies
American drama movies
Movies directed by John G. Blystone
The Mad Game

The Mad Game is a 1933 American crime drama movie directed by Irving Cummings and starring Spencer Tracy, Claire Trevor, Ralph Morgan, J. Carrol Naish, Matt McHugh, Kathleen Burke, Willard Robertson. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1933 movies
1930s crime movies
1930s drama movies
American crime drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Irving Cummings
Laws of thermodynamics

There are four laws of thermodynamics. They talk about temperature, heat, work, and entropy. They are used in thermodynamics and other sciences, for example chemistry.

Thermodynamics has three main laws: the first law, the second law, and the third law. Then there was another law, called the "zeroth law." The law of conservation of mass is also an important idea in thermodynamics, but it is not called a law.

Zeroth law 
The zeroth law of thermodynamics says temperature is an empirical parameter in thermodynamic systems. It says the transitive relationship between the temperatures of multiple bodies in thermal equilibrium. The law says: If two systems are both in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

First law 
The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed. It can also be stated in the following form:The energy gained (or lost) by a system is equal to the energy lost (or gained) by its surroundings.

Second law 
The second law of thermodynamics says that some things can't be undone after they are done. This indicates that entropy is real. It states that, in an isolated system, entropy can increase but cannot decrease. It can be stated as follows:Natural processes tend to go only one way, toward less usable energy and more disorder.

Third law 
The third law of thermodynamics can be stated as:A system's entropy approaches a constant value as its temperature approaches absolute zero.

Thermodynamics
Laws of physics
Wake Up and Dream

Wake Up and Dream is a 1946 American fantasy drama movie directed by Lloyd Bacon and was based on the novel The Enchanted Voyage by Robert Nathan. It stars John Payne, June Haver, Charlotte Greenwood, John Ireland, Clem Bevans, Lee Patrick, Irving Bacon and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1946 drama movies
1940s fantasy movies
American fantasy movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Lloyd Bacon
Wake Island (1942 movie)

Wake Island is a 1942 American World War II action drama movie directed by John Farrow and starring Brian Donlevy, Macdonald Carey, Robert Preston, William Bendix, Albert Dekker, Walter Abel, Frank Albertson and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1943.

Other websites

1942 movies
1940s action movies
1940s drama movies
1940s war movies
American war movies
American action movies
American drama movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by John Farrow
Love Me or Leave Me

Love Me or Leave Me is a 1955 American biographical musical drama movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Doris Day, James Cagney, Cameron Mitchell, Robert Keith, Tom Tully, Harry Bellaver, Richard Gaines. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 6 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1956.

Other websites
 
 
 

1955 drama movies
1950s biographical movies
1950s musical movies
American drama movies
American musical movies
Movies directed by Charles Vidor
The Arizonian

The Arizonian is a 1935 American western movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Richard Dix, Margot Grahame, Preston Foster, Francis Ford, Louis Calhern, Hattie McDaniels. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.

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1935 movies
1930s western movies
American western movies
Movies directed by Charles Vidor
Modular exponentiation

Modular exponentiation is about finding the value of the equation c = be mod m. This is the remainder when dividing be  by m. It is the inverse function of the discrete logarithm. Because modular exponentiation is easy and fast, and finding the discrete logarithm is difficult, both are used in fields such as public-key cryptography.

Right-to-left binary method 
When dealing with very large whole numbers, directly finding the result can be very resource intensive. We can make some optimisations to save computation power with principles like exponention by squaring.

Let's solve c = be mod m:

 If m is 1, then we know that c must be 0 because every whole number is divisible by 1.
 Pull the number 1 aside and name it r.
 Find b mod m and replace b with the result.
 While e is larger then 0 do the following:
 If e is an odd number:
 Find  and replace r with the result.
 Halve e and round it down to the nearest whole number. Then replace e with the result.
 Find  and replace b with the result.
 Your answer will now be r.

Mathematical analysis
Young Tom Edison

Young Tom Edison is a 1940 American biographical drama movie directed by Norman Taurog and starring Mickey Rooney, Fay Bainter, George Bancroft, Virginia Weidler, Eugene Pallette, Victor Kilian, Bobby Jordan, Spencer Tracy. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was followed up by 1940 Edison, the Man.

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1940 movies
1940s drama movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
Movies directed by Norman Taurog
Northwest Passage (1940 movie)

Northwest Passage is a 1940 American western adventure movie directed by King Vidor and was based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Kenneth Roberts. It stars Spencer Tracy, Robert Young, Walter Brennan, Ruth Hussey, Nat Pendleton, Louis Hector, Isabel Jewell, Addison Richards and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941.

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1940 movies
1940s adventure movies
1940s western movies
1940s American adventure movies
American western movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by King Vidor
Pierre Mercier (politician)

Pierre Mercier (2 March 1937 – 13 November 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was a member of the Quebec Liberal Party. Mercier was born in Montmagny, Quebec. He was a member of the National Assembly of Quebec for Bellechasse from 1973 to 1976.

Mercier died on 13 November 2020 in Quebec City at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Quebec
Eitaro Okano

was a Japanese sprinter. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

Okano died in Tokyo on 17 November 2020 from problems caused by a subarachnoid hemorrhage at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from subarachnoid hemorrhage
Japanese sportspeople
Sprinters
Olympians
Fujio Akatsuka

was a Japanese artist of manga. He was known as the Gag Manga King. He won the Shogakukan Manga Award in 1964 for Osomatsu-kun and the Bungeishunjū Manga Award in 1971 for Tensai Bakabon. 

In April 2002 he was hospitalized for a subdural hematoma and was in a coma from 2004 until his death. On August 2, 2008, he died of pneumonia at a hospital in Bunkyō, Tokyo.

References

1935 births
2008 deaths
Deaths from subdural hematoma
Deaths from pneumonia
Japanese manga artists
Yoshimitsu Banno

was a Japanese movie director and screenwriter. He was known for directing and writing the cult-classic Godzilla vs. Hedorah.

He was an executive producer on the Legendary Pictures's American Godzilla movies, Godzilla (2014) and Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019). He was born in Imabari, Japan.

Banno died of problems caused by a subarachnoid hemorrhage in Kawasaki, Japan on May 7, 2017 at the age of 86.

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from subarachnoid hemorrhage
Japanese movie directors
Japanese screenwriters
Uriah Adolphus Ashley Maclean

Uriah Adolphus Ashley Maclean (1 February 1944 – 25 November 2020) was a Panamanian Roman Catholic bishop. Ashley Maclean was born in Panama City. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1979. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Penonomé, Panama, from 1993 to 2015. He then was titular bishop of Agbia and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Panama, Panama, from 2015 to 2019.

Ashley Maclean died in Panama City on 25 November 2020 at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Roman Catholic bishops
People from Panama City
Dimitar Largov

Dimitar Simeonov Largov (; 10 September 1936 – 26 November 2020) was a Bulgarian football midfielder. He played for Bulgaria in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Septemvri Sofia and Slavia Sofia. 

He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Largov died on 26 November 2020 at the age of 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Bulgarian footballers
Olympians
Austrian Parliament

The Austrian Parliament () is the bicameral federal legislature of the Austrian Republic. It is made up of two chambers: the National Council and the Federal Council. 

In specific cases, both houses meet as the Federal Assembly. The legislature meets in the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna.

Other websites
The Austrian Parliament - Official Homepage

Government of Austria
National legislatures
Federal Assembly (Austria)

The Federal Assembly () is the name given to a formal joint session of the two houses of the bicameral Austrian Parliament, the National Council and the Federal Council. It is chaired by the presidents of the two parliamentary chambers.

Since 1945, the assembly has only met to swear the elected President of Austria into office.

Other websites
Official website

Government of Austria
Austria
National Council (Austria)

The National Council () is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament. It is known as the lower house. The constitution gives the National Council with more power than the Federal Council. The 183 members of the National Council are elected by nationwide popular vote for a term of five years.

References

Government of Austria
Austria
Federal Council (Austria)

The Federal Council (, ) is the upper house of the Austrian Parliament, representing the nine States of Austria on federal level. 

It is part of a bicameral legislature alongside of the National Council. It can be compared with an upper house or a senate. It is less powerful than the National Council.

The Bundesrat has its seat at the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna. The Parliament Building is where the Federal Council meets in the Hofburg.

References

Government of Austria
Austria
The BFG (1989 movie)

The BFG is a 1989 British animated movie produced by Cosgrove Hall Films. Based on the 1982 book of the same name by Roald Dahl. It was directed by Brian Cosgrove and written by John Hambley. The movie was first shown on 25 December 1989 on ITV in the UK.

The movie was dedicated to animator George Jackson, who had worked on numerous Cosgrove Hall productions prior to his death in 1986. This movie is also the last and posthumous role of Ballard Berkeley (voice of the Head of the Army), who died in 1988.

References

Other websites

1989 movies
British animated movies
Movies based on books
English-language movies
1989 drama movies
Movies about giants
Movies about dreams
Movies set in London
Daria Nicolodi

Daria Nicolodi (19 June 1950 – 26 November 2020) was an Italian actress, producer and screenwriter. She was born in Florence, Italy. Her career began in 1970. 

Her best known roles were in Deep Red (1975),  Inferno (1980), Tenebrae (1982), Phenomena (1985), and Opera (1987).

From 1974 until 1985, she was in a relationship with Dario Argento. They had two children; including actress Asia Argento.

Nicolodi died on 26 November 2020 in Rome at the age of 70.

References

1950 births
2020 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Italian screenwriters
Italian movie producers
People from Florence
Teresita Sy-Coson

Teresita Tan Sy-Coson (born October 1950) is a Filipina businesswoman. She is the vice chairman of SM Investments Corporation (SMIC). The company is one of the Philippines' largest public holding companies. The company was started by her late father Henry Sy. Coson is also the chairman of BDO Unibank. She was recognized as Fortune's 50 Power Business Women.

References 

Living people
Filipino businesspeople
Hafez Abu Seada

Hafez Abu Seada (; 1965 – 26 November 2020) was an Egyptian politician and human rights activist. He was Chairman of the Egyptian Organization for Human rights. He was known for his campaigns against torture and police brutality in Egypt. Abu Seada was also member of the National Council for Human Rights. He was born in Cairo, Egypt.

Abu Seada died in Cairo on November 26, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 55.

References

Egyptian politicians
1965 births
2020 deaths
Human rights activists
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt
Parviz Poorhosseini

Parviz Poorhosseini (Persian: پرویز پورحسینی, September 11, 1941 – November 27, 2020) was an Iranian actor. He was best known for his roles in Bashu, the Little Stranger (1989), The Fifth Season (1997) and Saint Mary (1997). Poorhosseini had appeared in more than 35 movies, over 70 TV shows and 60 theater performances. 

Poorhosseini died in Tehran on November 27, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 79.

References

Other websites

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran
Iranian actors
People from Tehran
Aly Zaker

Aly Zaker (6 November 1944 – 27 November 2020) was a Bangladeshi actor, businessman, director and writer. He was the owner of Asiatic Marketing Communications Limited. He was born in Chittagong Division, Bengal Presidency, British India.

Zaker was a freedom fighter during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War.

He was known for starring in the movies Agami (1984) and Nodir Naam Modhumoti (1996). He also starred in the television series Bohubrihi and Aaj Robibar.

Zaker died at a Dhaka hospital on 27 November 2020 from COVID-19, three weeks after his 76th birthday.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Bangladeshi movie actors
Bangladeshi businesspeople
Bangladeshi movie directors
Bangladeshi writers
Stage actors
Television actors
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
Noëlla Rouget

Noëlla Rouget (25 December 1919 – 22 November 2020) was a French resistant and teacher. She spoke of her experiences in the 1980s in Switzerland, Haute-Savoie, and Ain. She was born in Saumur, France.

Rouget died in Geneva on 22 November 2020 at the age of 100.

Written works
"Paule de Schoulepnikoff" (1995)
"Un bouquet en liberté pour notre Présidente" (2002)
Entre mémoire collective et mémoire familiale : l'héritage d'un trauma collectif lié à la violence totalitaire : étude exploratoire sur la transmission transgénérationnelle… (2006)
Retour à la vie : l'accueil en Suisse romande d'anciennes déportées françaises de la Résistance, 1945-1947 (2013)
"Le chemin du retour de Ravensbrück" (2015)
"Noëlla Rouget, la force du pardon" (2019)

References

1920 births
2020 deaths
French centenarians
Activists
French writers
Arthur Hervet

Arthur Hervet (11 November 1938 – 23 November 2020) was a French Roman Catholic priest. He was a member of the Assumptionists. He was known for his fight for Romani people. He was born in Bannalec, France.

In the mid-1980s, Hervet became chaplain of a Church boat in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine called the Je Sers. He founded the association La Pierre Blanche which helped the homeless and former prisoners.

Hervet died in Lille on 23 November 2020 at the age of 82.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
French Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic priests
Kamen Tchanev

Kamen Tchanev () (27 August 1964 – 26 November 2020) was a Bulgarian operatic tenor. He was born in Sliven, Bulgaria. He won the Jussi Björling International Competition for Tenors in 1994. 

Tchanev made recordings for the Bulgarian National Radio, RAI-2, Italy and in 1999 he recorded with Plovdiv Philharmonic Orchestra, Nayden Todorov conducting a CD production for the American label MMO. His career began in 1993.

Tchanev died on 26 November 2020 in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria from COVID-19, aged 56.

References

1964 births
2020 deaths
Bulgarian singers
Tenors
Stage actors
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria
Celestino Vercelli

Celestino Vercelli (10 August 1946 – 26 November 2020) was an Italian professional racing cyclist. He rode in the 1971 and 1976 Tour de France.

Vercelli died on 26 November 2020 at the age of 74.

References

1946 births
2020 deaths
Tour de France cyclists
Italian cyclists
Cheng Pei-pei

Cheng Pei-pei (born 6 January 1946) is a Chinese actress. She was born in Shanghai, China. Cheng is best known for her role  in the 1966 King Hu wuxia movie Come Drink with Me. She is more known for her role as Jade Fox in the award-winning 2000 wuxia movie  Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.

References

1946 births
Living people
Chinese movie actors
Chinese television actors
Chinese stage actors
Chinese voice actors
Actors from Shanghai
Tzi Ma

Tzi Ma (; born June 10, 1962) is a Hong Kong-American actor.

He is well known for his roles in television shows, such as The Man in the High Castle and 24.

He also starred in the movies Dante's Peak, Rush Hour, Rush Hour 3, Arrival, The Farewell, and Tigertail.

His family moved to New York City in 1967 due to political problems in Hong Kong.

References

1962 births
Living people
Actors from Hong Kong
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Staten Island
Common Chinese tree frog

The common Chinese tree frog or Chinese tree toad (Hyla chinensis) is a tree frog from China.  People have seen it in the middle of China and in parts of Taiwan and Vietnam.  It lives between 200 and 1000 meters above sea level.

The adult frog is 2.5 to 3.3 cm in size.  The female frogs are larger than the male frogs.  This frog has a wide head.  This frog is dark green on the back with a yellow belly and a brown mouth.  It has a black stripe near each eye and black spots on its sides.  Adult frogs sit in trees, smaller plants, and rice fields, sometimes in groups.

Scientists say this frog is related to Hyla arborea.

References

Animals of Asia
Frogs
Order of Nine Angles

The Order of Nine Angles (also called ONA or O9A) is a Satanic group based in the United Kingdom. The group say that the organization was created in the 1960s. The organisation became popular in the 1980s, because of its Neo-Nazi beliefs.

The ONA believe that human history can be broken up into nine aeons - groups of time each representing a human civilization.  They want to create a government based on Satanism, Fascism and Social Darwinism, which is the idea that both people and countries succeed because they are naturally better than other people or countries. (Social Darwinism has been proven to be wrong.)  Some parts of the ONA say people should rape women and children.  According to the BBC, pedophiles have joined the ONA.

The government of the United Kingdom says one part of the ONA, the Sonnenkrieg Division, is a terrorist organization.  The Sonnenkrieg Division is now illegal in the United Kingdom.

References

Neo-Nazism
Politics of the United Kingdom
Heart Evangelista

Love Marie Payawal Ongpauco-Escudero (born February 14, 1985) known as Heart Evangelista is a Filipina actress and TV host. She is married to Chiz Escudero and also referred to as the first lady of Sorsogon.

References 

Filipino actors
Dutch Americans

Dutch Americans (Dutch: Nederlandse Amerikanen), not to be confused with the Pennsylvania Dutch, are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from the Netherlands. Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam, which was exchanged with the English for Suriname at the Treaty of Breda (1667) and renamed to New York City. The English split the Dutch colony of New Netherland into two pieces, and named them New York and New Jersey. More immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States