cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Bembibre

Bembibre is a municipality in the province of León (Spain).

Language 
Spanish Language is the main language spoke in this municipality, in rural zones the Leonese Language might be spoken as well.

Related pages
 Leonese Language
 León (Llión)
 Kingdom of León
 Province of Llión

Municipalities in the Kingdom of León
Municipalities in Castile and León
Settlements in León
Uruguay River

The Uruguay River is a river in South America. It goes through the countries of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.  The river is about 1,500 kilometers long and it starts in Brazil.

Other websites

A very old map of the Uruguay River

Rivers of Brazil
Rivers of Uruguay
Rivers of Argentina
Balm bei Messen

Balm bei Messen is a former municipality in the district of Bucheggberg in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. Since 1 January 2010 Balm bei Messen belongs to the municipality of Messen.

References

Other websites
 

Former municipalities of Solothurn
Wolfwil

Wolfwil is a municipality of the district of Gäu in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 
 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Wisen

Wisen is a municipality of the district of Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Winznau

Winznau is a municipality of the district of Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Schnottwil

Schnottwil is a municipality of the district of Bucheggberg, in the canton of Solothurn, Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Kienberg, Switzerland

Kienberg is a municipality of the district of Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Rohr, Solothurn

Rohr is a municipality of the district of Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Alismatales

Alismatales is an order of flowering plants with 14 families. They are Monocots which live in marshy and aquatic (water) habitats.

Classification 
 Order Alismatales
 family Alismataceae (including Limnocharitaceae)
 family Aponogetonaceae
 family Araceae
 family Butomaceae 
 family Cymodoceaceae
 family Hydrocharitaceae
 family Juncaginaceae
 family Posidoniaceae
 family Potamogetonaceae
 family Ruppiaceae
 family Scheuchzeriaceae
 family Tofieldiaceae
 family Zosteraceae

Alismatales
Monocots
Bersirc

Bersirc is an IRC client that is written in C. It was first made in 1999. The newest, or latest, version of Bersirc is 2.2.14 and was made in 2005. The client is free to use. Bersirc is licensed under the LGPL.

Related pages
List of IRC clients

IRC clients
Malpighiales

The Malpighiales are a large order of flowering plants, included in the group named Eurosids I in the recent APG classification. 

This diverse order includes plants as varied as violets and willows, passionfruit and mangrove, poinsettia and flax. Euphorbia is a toxic member of the order. Euphorbia maculata, Euphorbia esula and Euphorbia heterophylla are euphorbia species that can be very harmful. This feature is a defence against herbivory.
Consett

Consett is a town in the northwest part of County Durham, in England.

References

Other websites 
Derwentside District Council 

Towns in County Durham
Esperanto Wikipedia

The Esperanto Wikipedia () is the Esperanto-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in December 2001, which means that it was one of the first Wikipedias.

It currently has  articles. This makes it the 35th largest Wikipedia by article count.

References

Other websites 
 Esperanto Wikipedia main page

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2001
Fulton County, Georgia

Fulton County is a county that can be found in the state of Georgia.  The county seat of Fulton County is Atlanta, which is the state capital. As of July 2017, the population was around 1,040,000 persons.

Cities and towns 
Alpharetta
Atlanta
Chattahoochee Hills
College Park
East Point
Fairburn
Hapeville
Johns Creek
Milton
Mountain Park
Palmetto
Roswell
Sandy Springs
Union City

Rural communities 
Birmingham (now within Milton)
Campbellton
Crabapple (now within Milton)
Ocee (originally New York, then Mazeppa, now within Johns Creek)
Red Oak
Rico
Sandtown
Shakerag
South Fulton (entirety of remaining unincorporated land, voted against cityhood in 2007)
Warsaw

1853 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Fountain

A Fountain is an arrangement, usually made by man; in it, the water from a source is captured in some way. Most often, it is used to fill a basin of some kind. Sometimes there are many basins, and water runs from one into the next. It is also common to have sculptures in fountains. 

Sometimes jets are used to make the water go high into the air, using pressure.

 
Architectural elements
Goolwa, South Australia

Goolwa is an old port on the Murray River.  It is near the Murray Mouth in South Australia.

References

Towns in South Australia
1857 establishments
1850s establishments in Australia
Kilner jar

A Kilner jar is a jar that has a rubber ring to seal the top.  It does not let out any air, and helps to store food.  It was invented by the Kilner family and made by John Kilner & Co in Yorkshire, England.  Most jars made now-a-days have metal tops instead of rubber. They are also known as Terrine Jars.

Related pages
 Mason jar
 Weck Jar

Containers
Neanderthal genome project

The Neanderthal genome project is a project for the sequencing of the Neanderthal genome. The project was announced by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany and 454 Life Sciences in the United States in July 2006.

Other websites
 "Genetic algorithm model shows that modern humans out-competed the Neanderthal" Short summary of a peer review paper 2008
 "Last of the Neanderthals" National Geographic, October 2008
 MSNBC "Neanderthal genome project launches" 22 November 2006.
 BBC News Paul Rincon, "Neanderthal DNA secrets unlocked" 15 November 2006
 "Welcome to Neanderthal genomics" 17 November 2006
 "Neanderthal Genome Sequencing Yields Surprising Results and Opens a New Door to Future Studies" 15 November 2006

Genetics
Steamboat

A steamboat (also called a steamship or steamer) is a ship that uses a steam engine or steam turbine to move. At first, these were paddle steamboats. Some had a paddle wheel on the back. Others had two wheels on the sides. Most went down rivers. From about 1836, marine propellers, invented by Josef Ressel, were used. Claude François Jouffroy d’Abbans built the first working steamship in 1783.

There were many steamboats in the 19th century in the United States and other countries. However, the first steamboat was built by John Fitch in 1787. It had many paddles. Fitch tried to make money from the steamboat, but could not do so. He died in 1798, and did not live long enough to see Robert Fulton become the first person to build a steamboat that could make money. In 1807, Fulton built a steamboat that could travel from New York City to Albany in 32 hours. Steamboats became much faster later in the 19th century.

After the middle 19th century paddle steamers became rare, as the marine propeller gave more speed and burned less fuel. The new vessels were suited to the open ocean, and were usually called "steamships". During the 20th century, marine Diesel engines largely replaced steam propulsion.

References

Other websites

Boats
Rorschach

Rorschach is a municipality in Rorschach in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
Official website 

Municipalities of St. Gallen
Cities in Switzerland
Hurricane Carol

Hurricane Carol was one of the worst hurricanes in New England, which is in United States. Carol formed from a tropical wave near the Bahamas on August 25, 1954.

Carol was like the New England Hurricane of 1938. Both were fast-moving storms. They also both hit the same area. Carol was the most damaging United States hurricane at the time.

Retirement

Hurricane Carol was later retired (meaning it was not used for any more hurricanes afterwards) due to the impact in New England. The name "Carol" was the first name to be retired from the Atlantic hurricane name lists.

References

Other websites

Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes
Retired tropical cyclone names
1954 in the United States
20th century in the Bahamas
1950s in North Carolina
1950s in New York (state)
1954 in Canada
December 2008 New England ice storm

The December 2008 ice storm was a bad ice storm in New England and New York. It made millions of people lose power. The storm was said to be the worst ice storm in a decade for New England. It was also the worst in 21 years for New York. Because of the storm, many trees fell down. They were coated in a heavy layer of ice. Many people were still without power after the storm was gone.

References 

Severe weather
2008 in weather
Natural disasters in the United States
2008 in New York (state)
Eisten

Eisten is a municipality in Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Ayent

Ayent is a municipality of the district Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Other websites
 Official website 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Altdorf, Switzerland

Altdorf is the capital of the canton of Uri in Switzerland.  It has an area of 10.23 square kilometers.

References

Other websites 
 Altdorf  Official site

Municipalities of Uri
Capital cities in Switzerland
Andermatt

Andermatt is a municipality of the canton of Uri in Switzerland.  Around 1,500 people live in Andermatt.

References

Other websites 

 Official site 
 

Municipalities of Uri
Attinghausen

Attinghausen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland.  Around 1,500 people live in Attinghausen. Its area is 46.83 square kilometers.

References

Other websites
Official website of Attinghausen 

Municipalities of Uri
Eurovision Song Contest 2009

The Eurovision Song Contest 2009 was the 54th Eurovision Song Contest, it was held in Moscow, Russia after Dima Bilan won the 2008 contest for Russia with Believe. The semi finals took place on May 12 and May 14 and the final was held on May 16. It was won by Alexander Rybak for Norway with Fairytale. 

There were 42 countries taking part with Slovakia making a return for the first time in 11 years and San Marino and Georgia, two countries from last year, not appearing in the contest.

Spokespersons
 Albania - Leon Menkshi
 Armenia - Sirusho
 Belgium - Maureem Louys
 Bosnia&Herzegovina - Elvir Laković Laka
 Estonia - Laura Põldvere
 Germany - Thomas Anders
 Greece - Alexis Kostas
 Hungary - Éva Novodomszky
 Russia - Ingeborga Dapkunaité
 Serbia - Jovana Janković
 Slovenia - Peter Poles
 Turkey - Meltem Yazgan
 Ukraine - Marysia Horobets

References
 Eurovision Fun Clup ESC 

2009
2009 in music
21st century in Moscow
2000s in Russia
The Fray (album)

The Fray is an American rock album by piano rock band The Fray. The album was released February 2nd. Singles include "You Found Me", "Syndicate", and "Absolute".

Track Listing
 "Syndicate"
 "Absolute"
 "You Found Me"
 "Say When"
 "Never Say Never"
 "Where the Story Ends"
 "Enough for Now"
 "The Ungodly Hour"
 "We Build, Then We Break"
 "Happiness"

iTunes Bonus Track(s)
 "Fair Fight"

iTunes Acoustic Version Bonus Tracks
 "Where the Story Ends (Piano Version)"
 "Absolute (Acoustic Version)"
 "You Found Me (Acoustic Version)"
 "Enough for Now (Acoustic Version)"

Singles / Other Songs
 2008 - You Found Me
 2009 - Syndicate

#1 Album
 #1 Album on the U.S. Billboard 200
 #1 Album on the U.S. Billboard of Rock Tracks

2009 albums
You Found Me

"You Found Me" is an American hit single by The Fray. It was released on November 21, 2008. The single came off the #1 U.S. Billboard 200 chart album The Fray.

2008 songs
Violone

The violone (pronounced: "Vee-o-LOH-ne") is a very big string instrument that used to be used in the 16th and 17th centuries.  It is like a double bass, but it belongs to the viol family.  The name "violone" means "large viol".  It was really a "double-bass viola da gamba".  It usually had six strings, and the fingerboard had frets (like a guitar) which showed where to put the fingers of the left hand to make the notes.  The bow was held underhand (with the palm of the hand facing up).

Usage 

The violone is sometimes heard today in early music groups who are playing Renaissance and early Baroque music music.  The instruments used today are usually ones that have been made recently to look and sound like the old ones.

History 
The violone was the last member of the viol family to die out.  When the other sizes of viol had been replaced by orchestras with violins, violas and cellos the violone was often used instead of a double bass. Bach used the violone in his cantatas. Eventually the violone was no longer used, and the double bass was used instead.  The double bass still looks a little bit like the old viol because it has sloping shoulders and the strings are tuned in fourths.

Use of the name "violone" in organs
In organs "Violone" is the name given to a soft organ stop made of  metal or wood, usually in the pedals.

Related pages
Viol
Double bass

Early musical instruments
String instruments
Tragedy of the commons

The tragedy of the commons was an article published by Garrett Hardin in the journal Science in 1968. It describes a problem where many people with their own ideas can make something they all share worse, even if no one wants to. For example, even if no one wants to pollute water because that makes it unhealthy, it can still end up like that because so many want to use the water for their own reasons, like washing and throwing away rubbish. Each person thinks that their small bit of pollution of the water is too small to affect the quality of the water, but because there are many people the total effect ends up making the water too polluted for mostly anybody to use for drinking or even washing. This may occur in slums and other overcrowded places like refugee camps.

The idea was not Hardin's, but a person named William Forster Lloyd who wrote about it in 1833. In those days herders often grazed cows on common land. Lloyd pointed out that each cow added benefit to its owner but damaged the land overall for all herders by overgrazing.

The tragedy of the commons is often used in modern debates on ecology. It is also a topic in game theory.

References 

Sociology
Metaphors
Property
Andrew Manze

Andrew Manze (pronounce: "MAN-zee"), (born Beckenham, 14 January 1965)
is an English violinist and conductor who is famous for performing music from the Baroque period.

Manze spent his childhood in Bedford. He went to Bedford School where he learned to play the violin. While studying Classics at Cambridge University he started to play the Baroque violin. Then he studied with Simon Standage at the Royal Academy of Music, and then he studied with Lucy van Dael at The Hague and with Marie Leonhardt.

In 1988 he became first violinist of the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra which was conducted by Ton Koopman. He also played with two other musicians: the harpsichordist John Toll and the lutenist Nigel North, in a trio called Romanesca.

From 2003 to 2007 he directed The English Concert. He also introduced many music programmes on BBC Radio 3 and appeared in television programmes, e.g. Handel's Water Music. He often performed with the harpsichordist Richard Egarr. He has appeared twice at the BBC Proms.

Manze is now taking a rest from playing the violin and concentrating on conducting. He lives in Sweden where he is Principal Conductor of the Helsingborg Symphony Orchestra and Principal Guest Conductor of the Norwegian Radio Orchestra. He is also Associate Conductor of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra.

In 2011 Andrew Manze was awarded the Rolf Schock Prize laureate in Musical Arts, a Swedish prize which is awarded every three years

References

British violinists
British conductors
Performers of early music
1965 births
Living people
Frederick William II of Prussia

Frederick William II (; 25 September 1744 – 16 November 1797) was the fourth King of Prussia.  He ruled from 1786 until his death. He was a successor and grandson of Frederick I, the first king of Prussia. 

1744 births
1797 deaths
Kings and Queens of Prussia
House of Hohenzollern
Crown Princes and Princesses of Prussia
Finnish Wikipedia

{{Infobox website
| name =  Finnish Wikipedia''
| logo = Wikipedia-logo-v2-fi.svg
| url = fi.wikipedia.org
| commercial = 
| location = 
| type = Internet encyclopedia project
| language = 
| owner = Wikimedia Foundation
| author = Finnish wiki community
}}
The Finnish Wikipedia''' is the Finnish-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition began in 2002.

It is the 25th largest edition.

As of September 2021, it had over 516 000 articles.

References

Other websites 
 Finnish Wikipedia main page

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2002
São Francisco River

The São Francisco River is a river in Brazil. It is around 3,100 kilometers long.  The main tributaries of the São Francisco River are the Paraopeba, Abaeté, das Velhas, Jequitaí, Paracatu, Urucuia, Verde Grande, Carinhanha, Corrente, and Grande rivers.It is an important river for Brazil, called “the river of national integration” because it unites diverse climes and regions of the country, in particular the Southeast with the Northeast.

Rivers of Brazil
Bahia
São Francisco (disambiguation)

São Francisco (Portuguese: Saint Francis) can be any of the following:

 São Francisco River, a river in Brazil.
 São Francisco, São Paulo, a municipality in São Paulo, Brazil.
 São Francisco, Minas Gerais, a municipality in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
 São Francisco, Cape Verde, a village in Cape Verde.

Related pages
 San Francisco (disambiguation)
Data Base Task Group

The Data Base Task Group (DBTG) was a working group founded in 1965 by the Cobol Committee, formerly Programming Language Committee, of the Conference of Data Systems Language (CODASYL).

In April 1971, The DBTG published a report containing specifications of a Data Manipulation Language (DML) and a Data Definition Language (DDL) for standardization of network database model. The first DBTG proposals had already been published in 1969. The specification was subsequently modified and developed in various committees and published by other reports in 1973 and 1978. The specification is often referred to as the DBTG database model or the CODASYL database model. As well as the data model, many basic concepts of database terminology were introduced by this group, notably the concepts of schema and subschema.

References 
Gunter Schlageter, Wolffried Stucky: Datenbanksysteme: Konzepte und Modelle, B. G. Teubner Stuttgart, 1983, 

Databases
Software
David Popper

David Popper (born Prague, 16 June 1843; died Baden, Austria, 7 August 1913) was a Bohemian cellist and composer.  He composed many works for the cello which today are performed by cellists all over the world.

Life
Popper was born in the old Jewish part of  Prague.  His father was a Cantor in two synagogues.   When he was three years old he was imitating his father’s singing.  He learned the violin when he was six and, at the age of twelve, he got a place to study music at the Prague Conservatory, but he had to learn the cello.   His cello teacher was Julius Goltermann.  His first job was as cellist to the Prince of Hohenzollern who soon gave him the title “Kammervirtuoso”.   He was only 21 when he played a difficult concerto by Robert Volkmann.  The conductor, Hans von Bülow, was very impressed and so were the critics.  He gave many concerts in Vienna and became very famous.  He started to travel around Europe, visiting England and Russia.  He had a lot of energy and was able to compose a lot while travelling.  He composed many short cello pieces.   His Elfentanz (Dance of the Elves) and Spinning Song were especially popular with the audiences.

Budapest

In 1886 Popper married for the second time.  In the same year he took up a job at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music in Budapest.  He was a famous teacher and charged a high fee for lessons.  He formed a string quartet with three other musicians including the violinist Jenő Hubay.  Hubay and Popper often played piano trios with Johannes Brahms.

Popper made a long visit to England and Scotland where he was described as the world’s greatest cellist by many people including George Bernard Shaw.  When he returned to Prague he played with Béla Bartók who was only 19 years old and not yet famous.  He was also impressed when he heard the young Pablo Casals, although he did not agree with his technique.

Popper had one son who died of tuberculosis in 1911.  Two years later Popper slipped on an icy pavement.  He was never able to use his right arm again.  He died the next summer of a heart attack.

His music
Popper composed a very large number of cello pieces, many of which are short pieces suitable for encores at a recital.  One of the most popular (and not too difficult) is the Gavotte in D major.  He composed a Requiem for three cellos and orchestra, and he wrote four cello concertos.  However, his most important work for cellists is a collection of studies called Hochschule des Violoncellspiels (High School of Cello Playing).  This book contains 40 etudes, or musical exercises to develop technique, and is widely used today by cello students to improve their playing.

References
“The Great Cellists” by Margaret Campbell, London 2004, 
“The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians” ed. Stanley Sadie; London 1980, 

1843 births
1913 deaths
Cellists
Czech composers
Musicians from Prague
Romantic composers
Herbert Backe

Herbert Backe (1 May 1896 – 6 April 1947) was a German politician and war criminal.

He was born in Batumi, Georgia. He worked in the Third Reich government and was made Minister of Food in May 1942 and Minister of Agriculture in April 1944. He had that job in the short-lived Cabinet of Admiral Karl Dönitz in the last days of World War II, from late April to May 1945, as the political request of Adolf Hitler. During the war, Alfred Rosenberg said that Backe should become the leader of the Ukraine Reichskommissariat (Nazi government in the Ukraine).

He was one of the people who planned and made happen the Hunger Plan - a plan to starve to death tens of millions of Slavic people in order to make sure there was enough food available for the German people and military.

He was taken prisoner by the Allies after the war, he was to be tried in the Ministries Trial, but he killed himself by hanging in his cell at Nuremberg on 6 April 1947.

Notes

Other websites 
 Photo & Brief Bio

1896 births
1947 deaths
German war criminals
Government ministers of Nazi Germany
Holocaust perpetrators
Nazis who committed suicide
Politicians of the Nazi Party
Politicians who committed suicide
SS officers
Suicides in Germany
Suicides by hanging
People who committed suicide in prison custody
Joseph Berchtold

Joseph Berchtold (March 6, 1897 in Ingolstadt – August 23, 1962 in Herrsching am Ammersee), a former salesman who sold office products, became Reichsführer SS after Julius Schreck in 1926.

Berchtold was in the World War I and had the rank of second lieutenant at the end of the war. In 1920 he joined the NSDAP and in 1922 also the SA. He was thought to be better than Julius Schreck, but was still not able to keep the people who started the party under control. After a lot of arguing he resigned in 1927 and was replaced by his deputy, Erhard Heiden.

During Nazi Germany he was a councillor of Munich from 1934 to 1945, and a member of the Reichstag from 1936 to 1945.

1897 births
1962 deaths
German military personnel of World War I
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
Nazi leaders
People from Bavaria
Politicians of the Nazi Party
Sturmabteilung people
SS officers
Pahariwood

Pahariwood is the name of a Kashmiri movie industry that is based in the city of Kotli. Pahari-Pothwari are the native tongues of the ethnic population of Kotli, Mirpur and other area of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

References

Cinema of Pakistan
Kashmir
Black smoker

A black smoker is a kind of hydrothermal vent that can be found on the ocean floor. It is a crack in the planet's surface from which geothermally heated water comes out. Hydrothermal vents are commonly found near volcanically active places, areas where tectonic plates are moving apart, ocean basins, and hotspots.

Hydrothermal vents are common on earth because it is both geologically active and has large amounts of water on its surface and within its crust. Common land types include hot springs, fumaroles and geysers. The most famous hydrothermal vent system on land is probably within Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Under the sea, hydrothermal vents may form features called "black smokers".

Relative to the majority of the deep sea, the areas around submarine hydrothermal vents are biologically more productive, often hosting complex communities fueled by the chemicals dissolved in the vent fluids. Chemosynthetic archaea form the base of the food chain, supporting diverse organisms, including giant tube worms, clams, limpets and shrimp.
Active hydrothermal vents are believed to exist on Jupiter's moon Europa, and ancient hydrothermal vents have been speculated to exist on Mars.

Other websites 
 Ocean Explorer (www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov) - Public outreach site for explorations sponsored by the Office of Ocean Exploration.
 NOAA, Ocean Explorer Gallery.

Oceanography
Brandon, Manitoba

Brandon is a city in Manitoba, Canada. It is the second largest city in Manitoba.

Cities in Manitoba
RPM Package Manager

RPM Package Manager is a package management system. The name RPM refers to two things: a software package file format, and software packaged in this format. RPM was intended mainly for Linux distributions; the file format RPM is the baseline package format of the Linux Standard Base.

RPM-based Linux distributions 

Several Linux distributions are based on RPM. These include, but are not limited to:
 Fedora
 Mandriva Linux and derivatives:
 AltLinux
 PCLinuxOS
 Caixa Mágica
 Linux for PlayStation 2
 Red Flag Linux
 Red Hat Enterprise Linux and derivatives:
 CentOS
 ASPLinux
 Scientific Linux
 SUSE Linux/openSUSE
 ArkLinux
 Yellow Dog Linux
 PLD Linux Distribution
 Linux XP
 TurboLinux
 openmamba

References 

Red Hat
Software
Chocolate Bayou, Texas

Chocolate Bayou is an unincorporated area of Brazoria County in the state of Texas, United States.

Unincorporated communities in Texas
England cricket team

The England cricket team is the team that represents England and Wales in international cricket. Since 1 January 1997 it has been governed by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), having been previously governed by Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) from 1903 until the end of 1996.

England and Australia were the first teams to play a Test match (between 15 and 19 March 1877). These two countries plus South Africa formed the Imperial Cricket Conference (predecessor to today's International Cricket Council) on 15 June 1909. England and Australia also played the first One Day International (ODI) on 5 January 1971. England's first Twenty20 International (T20I) was played on 13 June 2005, once more against Australia.

As of 25 January 2021, England has played 1,030 Test matches, winning 376 and losing 305 (with 349 draws). The team has won The Ashes on 32 occasions, the same number as their opponents Australia. England has also played 752 ODIs, winning 378, and its record in major ODI tournaments includes finishing as runners-up in three Cricket World Cups (1979, 1987 and 1992), and two ICC Champions Trophys (2004 and 2013). The team has played 126 T20Is, winning 64. They won the ICC World Twenty20 in 2010, and were runners-up in 2016.

England are currently ranked fourth in Tests, first in ODIs and first in T20Is by the ICC.

References 

Cricket in England
1877 establishments in the United Kingdom
Bernhard Lippert

Bernhard Lippert (7 October 1904 – 10 October 1946) was a German diplomat. He was the nephew of the founder of the Nazi Sturmabteilung (SA), Ernst Röhm.

He was a member of the NSDAP. In 1934 he became the Attaché for Eastern Europe. On May 8, 1934 he became a commissar in the German consulate in Geneva.

1904 births
1940s deaths
German diplomats
Nazis
People from Salzburg
Franz Ritter von Epp

Franz Ritter von Epp (October 16, 1868 in Munich – December 31, 1946 in Munich) was a German politician and a military officer in the German Empire.

Between 1928 and 1945 he was a member of the German Reichstag. From 1933 to 1945 he was the Reichsstatthalter of Bavaria.

1868 births
1946 deaths
German generals
German military personnel of World War I
German nobility
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
People from Munich
Politicians from Bavaria
Politicians of the Nazi Party
Heinrich Brüning

Heinrich Aloysius Maria Elisabeth Brüning (26 November 1885 in Münster – 30 March 1970 in Norwich, Vermont) was a German politician during the Weimar Republic. Between 1930 and 1932 he was the Chancellor of Germany.

Brüning opposed Nazism and stayed during the Nazi period in the United States, where he taught political science, after the war also in Germany.

1885 births
1970 deaths
Chancellors of the Weimar Republic
German academics
Government ministers of the Weimar Republic
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
German political scientists
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Prussian politicians
Refugees from Nazism
Theodor Eicke

Theodor Eike (October 17, 1892 in Hampont – February 26, 1943 near Kharkov) was an Obergruppenführer of the SS and General of the Waffen-SS.

He was the commander of the concentration camp of Dachau. During the World War II was he the leader of the Totenkopf Division.

Eike was on behalf of the Nazi Party a member of the Reichstag. He was also a member of the SA.

1892 births
1943 deaths
German war criminals
Holocaust perpetrators
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
People from former German territories
Politicians of the Nazi Party
Sturmabteilung people
SS officers
Waffen-SS generals
House of Hanover

The House of Hanover began in the United Kingdom in 1714 on the death of the last Stuart monarch Anne.

It began with George I and ended with Queen Victoria in 1901 in the United Kingdom.

It was still in use in other countries.

The monarchs of the British House of Hanover are as follows.

References

 
Holy Roman Empire
Audio

Audio may refer to:
 Sound that is capable of being heard
 Sound recording
 Natural acoustic audio
 Audio frequencies
 Audio content
 Audio book, a sound recording of a book
 Audio content file format
 Windows Media Audio, Microsoft's proprietary digital audio format

Titles
 Audio (album) by Blue Man Group

Related pages
 Audible (disambiguation)
Princess Amelia of the United Kingdom

The Princess Amelia (7 August 1783 – 2 November 1810) was a member of the British Royal Family.

Amelia was the youngest daughter of King George III and Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was her father's favorite daughter. After her death at the age of 27 in 1810 George III had his final dissent into madness.

1785 births
1810 deaths
House of Hanover
Frederick, Prince of Wales

Frederick, Prince of Wales, born Frederick Louis; (1 February 1707 – 31 March 1751) was the son of George II and Queen Caroline of Ansbach and the father of King George III.

He and his parents had many arguments. He died in 1751 after a lung injury. His son was his heir.

Issue

Other websites 
 History of the Monarchy - The Official Website of the British Monarchy
 Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales 
 Unusual royal deaths at Ward's Book of Days
 
 Henry Churchyard "Royal Genealogies, Part 9" 
 Sam Sloan "Big Combined Family Trees (pafg744)"

Bibliography 
 F S Ashley-Cooper, At the Sign of the Wicket: Cricket 1742-1751, Cricket Magazine, 1900
 G B Buckley, Fresh Light on 18th Century Cricket, Cotterell, 1935
 Timothy J McCann, Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century, Sussex Record Society, 2004
 Thomson, Arthur Alexander: Odd Men In: A Gallery of Cricket Eccentics (The Pavilion Library, 1985).
 H T Waghorn, Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730-1773), Blackwood, 1899
 H T Waghorn, The Dawn of Cricket, Electric Press, 1906
 Michael De-la-Noy, The King Who Never Was: The Story of Frederick, Prince of Wales, London; Chester Springs, PA: Peter Owen, 1996.
 John Walters, The Royal Griffin: Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1707-51, London: Jarrolds, 1972.

Princes and Princesses of Wales
House of Hanover
1707 births
1751 deaths
List of tallest buildings in Chicago

This is a list of the tallest buildings in Chicago.

Tallest buildings in Chicago

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in the United States
 List of tallest buildings in the world

References

Other websites
 Emporis.com - Chicago High-rise Buildings
 Skyscraperpage.com - Chicago

Chicago
Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
United States-related lists
Trump International Hotel and Tower

The Trump International Hotel and Tower is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 415 meters (1,362 feet) tall and has 96 floors.  It was built in 2009 and is one of the tallest buildings in the world. It is the third largest skyscraper in the USA (behind the One World Trade Center and the Willis Tower). It is the second tallest tower in Chicago.

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in the world

Other websites 
 
 Official Website
 Emporis.com - Trump International Hotel & Tower
 SkycraperPage.com – Trump International Hotel & Tower

Skyscrapers in Chicago
Donald Trump
Buildings and structures completed in the 21st century
2009 establishments in Illinois
300 North LaSalle

300 North LaSalle is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 239 meters (785 feet) tall and has 60 floors.  It was built in 2009 and is one of the tallest buildings in the world.

Other websites 
 Official Website
 Emporis.com - 300 North LaSalle
 SkycraperPage.com – 300 North LaSalle

Skyscrapers in Chicago
2009 establishments in Illinois
Three First National Plaza

Three First National Plaza is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 234 meters (767 feet) tall and has 57 floors.  It was built in 1981 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago

Other websites 
 Official Website
 Emporis.com - Three First National Plaza
 SkycraperPage.com – Three First National Plaza

Skyscrapers in Chicago
1981 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Chicago Title & Trust Building

Chicago Title & Trust Building is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 230 meters (756 feet) tall and has 50 floors.  It was built in 1992 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in the world

Other websites 
 Emporis.com - Chicago Title & Trust Building
 SkycraperPage.com – Chicago Title & Trust Building 

Skyscrapers in Chicago
1992 establishments in Illinois
One Museum Park

One Museum Park is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 224 meters (734 feet) tall and has 62 floors.  It was built in 2009 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in the world

Other websites 
 Emporis.com - One Museum Park
 SkycraperPage.com – One Museum Park

Skyscrapers in Chicago
2009 establishments in Illinois
Olympia Centre

Olympia Centre is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States.  It is 221 meters (725 feet) tall and has 63 floors.  It was built in 1986 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in the world

References

Other websites 
 Emporis.com - Olympia Centre
 SkycraperPage.com – Olympia Centre

Skyscrapers in Chicago
1986 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Titanoboa

Titanoboa cerrejonensis is the largest known snake.  Now extinct, the snake was a relative of the anaconda and the boa constrictor.  It was about 43 feet long (13 m), and weighed over a ton (about 1135 kg or 2,500 pounds).  The snake lived in the Palaeocene epoch, about 58 million years ago.  It ate crocodiles.

The fossil was found in an open-cast coal mine in Colombia, in 2009. Plant fossils at the site proved the climate at the time was a tropical rainforest. The site was in the Cerrejón Formation in La Guajira, Colombia. Other large reptile fossils have been found at this site.

Researchers found three skulls of the snake in 2002. A life-size replica is on view at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington D.C. It was sent on a world tour to be shown at various museums.

Habitat 
Titanoboa lived in the first recorded tropical forest in South America. It shared the ecosystem with large Crocodylomorpha and large turtles. The paleogeography of the late Paleocene was a sheltered paralic (coastal) swamp, with an open connection to the proto-Caribbean in the north. In this environment tropical aquatic ferns like Salvinia flourished. The ferns were found as fossils in the Bogotá Formation and the Palermo Formation.

Related pages 
Gigantophis

References 

Fossils
Boidae
Poker Face

"Poker Face" is a song by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga. It was first released in 2008 in her debut album, The Fame. Later, it was released as the album's second single, after "Just Dance".

The song has been very successful worldwide, reaching #1 in over 20 countries, including the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and Germany.  It finished as the best-performing single of 2009 in the United Kingdom and the second-best performing in the US and Canada.  "Poker Face" has sold over 7.5 million copies in the United States as of February 2018. 

The song has won Gaga several awards, including Best Dance Recording at the Grammy Awards in 2010.  On November 30, 2015, the song was certified Diamond (10× Platinum) in the US for sales and streams equal to 10 million copies in that country alone.

In an interview with Barbara Walters, she said that this song is about dealing with bisexuality. The lyrics "Bluffin' with my muffin" are about her fantasizing about women when having sex with her boyfriend. In a Carpool Karaoke segment of The Late Late Show with James Corden, where Corden and Gaga sang several of her songs as they played on the radio, Gaga revealed that she wrote "Poker Face" in only ten minutes.

Gaga has performed the song at all of her major concert tours, at her Super Bowl LI Halftime show, and at the Coachella Music Festival in April 2017.

Certifications

References 

2008 songs
Lady Gaga songs
LGBT songs
Dance-pop songs
Abitur

The Abitur (from Latin abire = go away) is a final exam in Germany, Lithuania and the Czech Republic at the end for the secondary education. The Abitur takes usually 12 or 13 years. The official term in Germany for this certificate is Allgemeine Hochschulreife. The Abiturzeugnis get pupils when they passed the final exams. It formally enables the possibility to attend a university.

Education

es:Sistema de educación de Alemania#Sector secundario II
Bavarian army

The Bavarian army (German: Bayerische Armee, Bavarian: Boarische Armee) was the army of the Electorate of Bavaria. It was also the army of the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1803 onwards. In 1919, the army came together with the army of the German Empire.

Bavaria
Armies
Fanjunkare

The Fanjunkare is a military rank in some countries. In the German air force and the German army it is the rank of Officer Candidates.

Military ranks
Republic of Taiwan (1895)

The Republic of Taiwan was a short-lived republic on the island of Taiwan. It is also called in ; which means "Democratic State of Taiwan". In English it was also called the: Formosan Republic, Taiwan Republic and the Republic of Formosa.

The Republic of Taiwan was formed in 1895. It did not last for very long. The Treaty of Shimonoseki which ended the war between the Qing Dynasty of China and the Empire of Japan, gave Taiwan to the Japanese. The republic began when the Chinese left in May, 1895, and ended when the Japanese soldiers arrived in October, 1896. Some historians say it was the first republic in Asia, but there was one earlier, the Lanfang Republic, which had been started in 1777.

The republic was started by a group of high officials and local people who still supported the Qing. They wanted to stop the Japanese take over of Taiwan. On May 24, 1895 the new republic sent a copy of its declaration of independence to all the embassies on Taiwan. The next day the new government held an independence ceremony. The Republic of Taiwan made their own stamps. They also printed their own paper money, which is now very hard to find.

They were always loyal to the Qing, and said that the Republic would be part of the Qing state. The first president of the Republic of Taiwan was the old governor, Tang Ching-sung, who served from May 25, 1895 to June 5, 1895. The second president was Liu Yung-fu, June 5, 1895 – October 21, 1896.

When the Japanese soldiers invaded Taiwan there was a lot of fighting. They quickly defeated the new republic. Most of the republic's official quickly left the island.

The modern Taiwan independence groups want to start a new Republic of Taiwan. They say that there is no connection between them and the 1895 Republic. The first Republic of Taiwan was loyal to China, but the new Republic of Taiwan would be started to be independent of China.

Presidents
 T'ang Ching-sung (23 May 1895 – 5 June 1895)
 Liu Yung-fu (5 June 1895 – 21 October 1896)

References

1895 establishments
1896 disestablishments
1890s establishments in Asia
1890s disestablishments in Asia
Former countries in Asia
History of Taiwan
States and territories established in the 19th century
States and territories disestablished in the 19th century
Establishments in Taiwan
Bad Wiessee

Bad Wiessee is a spa town on Lake Tegernsee in Bavaria, Germany.

Bad Wiessee is known for the murder of Ernst Röhm on the "Night of the Long Knives".

References

Other websites 

 The town of Bad-Wiessee - official web site 

Spa towns in Germany
Towns in Bavaria
Miesbach (district)
Fox McCloud

is a video game character from the Star Fox series.  He was created by Shigeru Miyamoto and designed by Takaya Imamura. He is a red fox and the main character of the series.  

In the English version of Star Fox 64, he was voiced by Mike West. In both the Japanese version of Star Fox 64 and Super Smash Bros., Fox's voices were done by Shinobu Satouchi. For English dialogue of Super Smash Bros. Melee and Star Fox Adventures, Fox's voice was done by Steve Malpass. In Star Fox: Assault and Super Smash Bros. Brawl, his voice was done by Jim Walker in the English version and by Kenji Nojima in the Japanese version.

Fictional characters introduced in 1993
Nintendo video game characters
Star Fox
Martina Sáblíková

Martina Sáblíková  (born 27 May 1987 in Nové Město na Moravě) is a Czech speedskater, specializing in long distance races. She is the elder sister of fellow speedskater Milan Sáblík.

In 2007 she won her first major tournament, the 2007 European Speed Skating Championships in Collalbo, with an outdoor world record samalog score 162.954 points. She won both the 3,000 m and the 5,000 m in an outdoor world record time. She did not perform so well at the World alround championships in Heerenveen, where she finished fifth, but she managed to win the 2006–07 Speed Skating World Cup on the 3,000 and 5,000 m track. At the end of the season she won two gold medals at the 2007 World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships in Salt Lake City on 3,000 m and 5,000 m tracks. She also beat here the 5,000 m track world record and set it for 6:45.61, 1.3 seconds faster than the previous record of Claudia Pechstein.

Other websites
 at SpeedSkatingResults.com
 Martina Sáblíková - official website 
 Photos of Martina Sablikova 

Czech sportspeople
1987 births
Living people
Dianetics

Dianetics is an alternative mental health therapy created by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard, who published a book on the subject in 1950 under the name "Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health". It is about the way people think.  Hubbard also started the religion of Scientology, which uses Dianetics.

The photo at the right shows a person learning about Dianetics by doing a stress test. The idea of the stress test is to show people something in their own minds.

Most psychologists think that Dianetics is a pseudoscience. That means that it is not really a science, and it only looks like one.

Scientology
Amy MacDonald

Amy MacDonald is a Scottish singer and songwriter.  She became famous in 2007 with her first album This Is The Life and her first single "Poison Prince".  She has become even more successful in Europe since her single "This Is The Life" charted at number 1 in many European countries.

Awards

Discography
 This Is the Life (2007)
 A Curious Thing (2010)
 Life in a Beautiful Light (2012)

Living people
1987 births
Scottish singers
Hungarian Wikipedia

The Hungarian Wikipedia (In Hungarian: Wikipédia) is the Hungarian-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition began in July 2003.

It is 24th largest edition.

It currently has over 180,000 articles.

References

Other websites 
 Hungarian Wikipedia main page

Wikipedias
Ukrainian Wikipedia

The Ukrainian Wikipedia (, Ukrayins’ka Vikipediya) is the Ukrainian language edition of the Wikipedia online encyclopedia.

It is the 16th largest edition by article count.

References

Other websites 
The Ukrainian Wikipedia's Main Page

Wikipedias
Adjutant

An Adjutant is a military rank in some armies. Adjutants support the Officers.

The word Adjutant is first time used in the French army. Adjutants worked there for the Majors as an assistant.

Military ranks
Konstantin von Neurath

Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath (2 February 1873 in Vaihingen – 14 August 1956 in Vaihingen) was a German politician and diplomat. He was the Foreign minister of Germany between 1932 and 1938. In those early years of Adolf Hitler's regime, Von Neurath played an important role in the foreign policy. He helped the Nazi dictator to get around the Treaty of Versailles. He also helped in the territorial expansion before World War II. Hitler replaced Von Neurath with the more compliant and fervent Nazi Joachim von Ribbentrop.

Von Neurath served as Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia between 1939 and 1943. When he started to work for SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich his authority became nominal. He was one of the 24 accused at the Nuremberg Trials. He was sentenced to 15 years in Spandau Prison. He was freed in 1954.

Von Neurath was ambassador in Italy from 1921 to 1930 and ambassador in the United Kingdom from 1930 to 1932.

References 

1873 births
1956 deaths
Anti-Communists
Ambassadors of Germany
German military personnel of World War I
German prisoners
German war criminals
Government ministers of Nazi Germany
Government ministers of the Weimar Republic
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Politicians of the Nazi Party
SS officers
Wilhelm Frick

Wilhelm Frick (12 March 1877 in Alsenz - 16 October 1946 in Nuremberg) was a well-known Nazi official. Between 1933 and 1943, he was a minister of the Third Reich. After the end of World War II, he was executed for war crimes.

1877 births
1946 deaths
Executed German people
Executed Nazis
German lawyers
German Protestants
German war criminals
Government ministers of Nazi Germany
Holocaust perpetrators
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
People executed by hanging
Politicians from Rhineland-Palatinate
Politicians of the Nazi Party