cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
107 Camilla

107 Camilla is one of the biggest main belt asteroids. It orbits within the Cybele Group, beyond most of the main belt asteroids. It has a very dark surface and is made of carbonate. It was found by N. R. Pogson on November 17, 1868, and named after Camilla, Queen of the Volsci in Roman mythology.

Study of its light curve shows that Camilla's pole probably points towards ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (+51°, 72°) with a 10° uncertainty, which gives it an axial tilt of 29°.

Moon (S/2001 (107) I) 

On March 1, 2001, a moon of Camilla was found by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey using the Hubble Space Telescope. It has been labelled S/2001 (107) 1 but it does not yet have an official name.

Later sightings in September 2005 with the VLT allowed scientists to work out its orbit. Apart from data in infobox, the inclination was found to be 3 ± 1° with respect to an axis pointing towards (β, λ) = (+55°, 75°). Given the ~10° uncertainty in the actual rotational axis of Camilla, the orbit's inclination probably is less than 10°.

The moon is estimated to be about 11 km in diameter. If it has the same density as Camilla, this would give it a mass of about ~1.5 kg. It has a similar colour to Camilla.

References

Other websites 
 Data on (87) Sylvia from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
 Hubble Finds New Asteroid Moon (SpaceDaily.com, 21-03-2001), includes discovery image.
 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes orbit diagrams.

Asteroids
Aya Ueto

(born 14 September 1985 in Nerima, Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese actress, idol and singer. 

She became famous when she won the jury's special award in the "Japan Bishojo Contest", a beauty and talent competition.  Her first single was Pureness.

Other websites
Aya Ueto Wallpapers,Photos,Pictures

Actors from Tokyo
J-pop
Singers from Tokyo
1985 births
Living people
Flow (band)

FLOW is a Japanese music band. The group is made of five men. The group was made in 1998.

Since Flow is a Japanese band, they sing in Japanese, but they often use English sentences or words in their songs. 
Their songs are used in different anime series, like Naruto and Eureka Seven. With starting numbers like: Sign, Go.

Members 
This list contains the names and birth dates of group members
 KOHSHI (Vocal)　April 22, 1977
 KEIGO (Vocal)　July 1, 1977
 TAKE (Guitar, Chorus)　August 31, 1978
 GOT'S (Bass, Chorus)　January 26, 1977
 IWASAKI (Drum)　November 21, 1969

Japanese musical groups
Nuremberg Trials

There were two sets of Nuremberg Trials.

The first, and most well known, were the trials of the leaders of Nazi Germany. This was organized by the International Military Tribunal (IMT). The judges and prosecutors were from the four wartime Allies, France, the USSR, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The second set of trials were the 12 follow up trials (). These trials were of groups of lower-ranking Nazis, like doctors, and officials of the German Foreign Office. Although the follow up trials were held in the same courtroom as the IMT trials, they were run by the Americans alone.

The main trial

The International Military Tribunal was opened on October 18, 1945, in the Supreme Court Building in Berlin. The first session was presided over by the Soviet judge, Nikitchenko. The prosecution brought charges against 24 major war criminals and six criminal organizations – the leadership of the Nazi Party, the Schutzstaffel (SS) and Sicherheitsdienst (SD), the Gestapo, the Sturmabteilung (SA) and the High Command of the German armed forces (OKW).

The indictments were for:

 Working with other people (legally called "Taking part in a conspiracy") to commit a crime against peace
 War crimes
 Crimes against humanity
 Planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace

The 24 accused were:

"I" indicted      "G" indicted and found guilty      "O" Not Charged

"I" indicted      "G" indicted and found guilty      "O" Not Charged

The death sentences were carried out on 16 October 1946 by hanging using the inefficient American "standard" drop method instead of the long drop. The executioner was John C. Woods. The French judges suggested the use of a firing squad for the military condemned, as is standard for military courts-martial, but this was opposed by Biddle and the Soviet judges. They said that the military officers acted so badly they did not deserve to be treated as soldiers. The prisoners sentenced to jail were transferred to Spandau Prison in 1947.

The definition of what constitutes a war crime is described by the Nuremberg Principles, a document which was created as a result of the trial. The medical experiments conducted by German doctors and prosecuted in the so-called Doctors' Trial led to the creation of the Nuremberg Code to control future trials involving human subjects.

Four organisations were charged as being criminal. Only the SS was found guilty. These organisations were found not to be criminal:
 Reichsregierung, (the Reich government or Cabinet)
 Oberkommando and Generalstab der Wehrmacht, (the High Command and General Staff of the Armed Forces)
 Sturmabteilung (the Stormtroopers or "Brownshirts")

Related pages
 Benjamin B. Ferencz
 Nuremburg Follow-up Trials

References
Orthographic projection

Orthographic projection is a way of showing a 3D object in 2D. It is a form of parallel projection, where the view direction is orthogonal to the projection plane.

Other websites 
Educational website describing the principles of first and third angle projection – University of Limerick

Geometry
Engineering
Parallel projection

In linear algebra and functional analysis, a projection is a linear transformation P from a vector space to itself such that P2 = P.  Projections map the whole vector space to a subspace and leave the points in that subspace unchanged.

Notes

References
 N. Dunford and J.T. Schwartz, Linear Operators, Part I: General Theory, Interscience, 1958.
 Carl D. Meyer, Matrix Analysis and Applied Linear Algebra, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2000. .

Other websites
 MIT Linear Algebra Lecture on Projection Matrices  at Google Video, from MIT OpenCourseWare

Algebra
Nonprofit organization

A nonprofit organization (NPO), or non-business entity, is an organization which does not give its surplus income to owners or shareholders.

It uses its revenue and/or capital to achieve its purpose or mission. The decision to adopt a non profit legal structure is one that will often have tax benefits. Governments may see them as supporting activities which help the community.

In England this is more often referred to as "not-for-profit", and includes local and national government. Non-profit organizations are allowed to pay their workers, but sometimes workers at non-profit organizations are volunteers who do not get paid for their work.

Sometimes a non-profit may make money to help other people, which might include helping them start their own business or providing them with food, clothing or shelter. Some non-profits try to help endangered animals or the environment. Some non-profits are small groups of people such as a block association or community group. Others such as trade unions, universities or religions are large and well established, with many assets and many paid workers. 

When a non-profit organization deals with politics or international issues it can be called a non-governmental organization or NGO. The Wikimedia organization, which runs Wikipedia is a non-profit. It is based in Florida in the United States. It is also a not-for-profit corporation.

References 

Economics
Expense

An expense, also sometimes called an expenditure, is when money is given in exchange for a good or service.

In accounting, expense has a very specific meaning. It is when cash or some other valuable object goes from a person or company to another person or company.

Economics
Deposit account

A Deposit Account is an account at a bank where money can be put in or taken out by whoever owns the account. Each time money is moved, it is recorded in the bank's books. Some banks charge a fee for this, others may pay the customers interest.

Other websites
 Deposit account definition and explanations in simple terms 

Banks
Filippo Brunelleschi

'Filippo Brunelleschi ( , , also known as Pippo; 1377 – 15 April 1446) was one of the most important architects of the Italian Renaissance. All of his most well-known works are in Florence, Italy.

Biography

Early life
Brunelleschi was born in Florence, Italy in 1377. His family consisted of his father, Brunellesco di Lippo, a notary and civil servant, his mother Giuliana Spini, and his two brothers. The family was well-off; the palace of the Spini family still exists, across from the Church of the Trinita in Florence.

Main works 
The principal buildings and works designed by Brunelleschi or which included his involvement:
 Dome of the Florence Cathedral (1419–1436)
 Ospedale degli Innocenti (1419–ca.1445)
 The Basilica of San Lorenzo (1419–1480s)
 Meeting Hall of the Palazzo di Parte Guelfa (1420s–1445)
 Sagrestia Vecchia, or Old Sacristy of S. Lorenzo (1421–1440)
 Santa Maria degli Angeli: unfinished, (begun 1434)
 The lantern of Florence Cathedral (1436–ca.1450)
 The exedrae of Florence Cathedral (1439–1445)
 The church of Santo Spirito (1441–1481)
 Pazzi Chapel (1441–1460s)

Related pages 
 Italian Renaissance art

References

Other reading

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  (in line presentation)
 
 Vereycken, Karel, "The Secrets of the Florentine Dome", Schiller Institute, 2013. (Translation from the French, "Les secrets du dôme de Florence", la revue Fusion, n° 96, Mai, Juin 2003)
 "The Great Cathedral Mystery", PBS Nova TV documentary, February 12, 2014

Other websites

Free audio guide of Brunelleschi's Dome
 

Italian architects
People from Florence
1377 births
1446 deaths
Arno

The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy. It is one of the important rivers of central Italy.

Source and route 

The river begins on Mount Falterona in the Casentino area of the Apennines. It first takes a curve to the south. The river turns to the west near Arezzo. It passes through Florence, Empoli and Pisa, then flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea at the Marina di Pisa. At a length of , it is the longest river in the region.

A flood on November 4, 1966 collapsed the embankment in Florence. This killed at least 40 people. It also damaged or destroyed millions of works of art and rare books. 40 years later, hundreds of works have still not been restored.

References 

Rivers of Italy
Tuscany
Lake Como

Lake Como () is a glacial lake in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of . It is the third largest lake in Italy (after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore). 

Some of the towns and villages on the shores of Lake Como are Como, Lierna, Lecco, Bellagio,  Mandello del Lario, and Lenno.

History
For many centuries Lierna has been the most exclusive place in the whole of Lake Como, frequented by kings, empresses, princely families, and where the most important managers and billions in the world buy a home, including the world president of Mercedes. The chivalric order was founded in the Church of Lierna which allowed the birth of the royal house of the Kings of Italy, the Savoy. Lierna is the place on Lake Como with the most beautiful life of all Lake Como and the place most represented by painters from all over Europe for many centuries, having a magical atmosphere. The place is very private, the villas are hidden and not even George Clooney has managed to buy a villa offering over 100 million euros for years. It is often said that the inhabitants of Lierna paid for not having Lierna appear on the geographical maps of Lake Como for centuries. It is very difficult to stop in Lierna because there are deliberately no parking spaces and you can only arrive by boat by selecting who comes. Luxury villas in Lierna are priceless and are one of the greatest status symbols in the world.

References

Other websites

Como
Lombardy
Lake Maggiore

Lake Maggiore (in Italian: Lago Maggiore or lago Verbano) is the most westerly of the three large prealpine lakes of Italy and the second largest after Lake Garda.

Events
The Spirit of Woodstock Festival is an annual open air festival at the end of July/beginning of August at Mirapuri.

Other websites

Lake Maggiore - Tourist guide on the Lake Maggiore
Official Tourism Gateway Lake Maggiore Official Tourism Gateway
Ferry Services on Italian Lakes - Lake Maggiore

Lakes of Italy
Lakes of Ticino
GIMP

The GNU Image Manipulation Program, or GIMP, is a free software picture maker.

It is often used for making logos, making photographs bigger or smaller, changing colours, making many pictures part of one picture, making pictures nicer to look at, and changing file formats.

GIMP is often used as a free software alternative for the most popular Adobe Photoshop, but it is not made to be an Adobe Photoshop clone. GIMPs mascot is named Wilber.

GIMP was started in 1995 by Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis and is now taken care of by a group of volunteers as part of the GNU Project. The newest version of GIMP is v.2.8 and it was available since March 2009. GIMPs license is the GNU General Public License, so GIMP is free software.

GIMP can be used for opening and changing many types of file formats.  GIMPs own file format is XCF, which is the name of the building where GIMP was written.

Some file formats that GIMP can be used with are bitmap, JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF. GIMP can also read and write path information from SVG files and GIMP can read Adobe PDF files and the raw image formats used by digital cameras, but cannot write to these formats.

References

Other websites 

 Official GIMP Web site

Graphics software
David Ben-Gurion

David Ben-Gurion (born David Grün on 16 October 1886, died 1 December 1973) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. 

He was born in Płońsk, Poland and aspired to create a state of Israel for all the oppressed Jews of Europe. He moved to Palestine and worked as a farmer there until he was expelled during the First World War. After the war he came back and founded the “Confederation of Jewish Workers.” Then he became president of ‘’Mapai’’ or the Israeli Workers Party. Eventually he got what he wanted when the state of Israel was founded after World War II. After leading Israel to victory in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Ben-Gurion helped build the state institutions. He retired from political life in 1970 and moved to Sde Boker, where he lived until his death. He died of a stroke in Tel HaShomer, Israel.

After he died, Ben-Gurion was named one of Time Magazine's 100 Most Important People of the Century.

He is the country’s second longest-serving prime minister after Benjamin Netanyahu.

References 
 "Israel, 1948-." History Study Centre. ProQuest LLC. 2010. Web. 10 June 2014 
 “David ben Gurion.” Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Tel Aviv: Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1998. 1. netTrekker. Web. 10 June 2014.

Other websites 

1886 births
1973 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli former political leaders
Jewish Israeli politicians
Mapai politicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Polish Jews
Prime Ministers of Israel
Zionists
Kotoko

Kotoko (stylized as KOTOKO, born January 19) is a Japanese musician. She was born January 19, in Hokkaido, Japan. She is signed to "I've". She writes the lyrics of her songs by herself, and gives them to other artists.  She plays an active role in the animation and game industry.

Discography 

2000: 
2004: Hane
2005: 
2006: Uzu-Maki
2009: 
2011:

North American appearances 
 Anime Expo 2005: Anaheim, CA (July 1–4, 2005)
 Anaheim Convention Center
 Anime North 2006: Toronto, Ontario, Canada (May 26–28, 2006)
 Toronto Congress Centre, Doubletree International Plaza Hotel
 YTV 2006: Toronto, Ontario, Canada (May 26, 2006)
 YTV Studios
 A-Kon 2006: Dallas, TX (June 9–11, 2006)
 Adam's Mark Hotel
 Animazement 2012: Raleigh, NC (May 25–27, 2012)
 Raleigh Convention Center

Other websites 

 Official website 
 Official website at Warner Home Video 
 Official website at Geneon 
 I've Sound official website 
 Anime North 2006: Kotoko Q&A 

Japanese singers
Living people
People from Sapporo
Year of birth missing (living people)
Mariano José de Larra

Mariano José de Larra (24 March 1809 - 13 February 1837) was a Spanish romanticist writer noted for satire and perhaps the best prose writer of 19th-century Spain.

He was born in Madrid; his father served as a doctor in the French army, and, as an afrancesado, was forced to leave the Peninsula with his family in 1812. In 1817 Larra went back to Spain, knowing less Spanish than French. His nature was disorderly, his education was imperfect, and, after futile attempts to obtain a degree in medicine or law, he made an imprudent marriage at the age of twenty, broke with his relatives and became a journalist.

On the 27th of April 1831 he produced his first play, No más mostrador, based on two pieces by Scribe and Dieulafoy. Though wanting in originality, it is brilliantly written, and held the stage for many years. On the 24th of September 1834 he produced Macías, a play based on his own historical novel, El doncel de don Enrique el Doliente (1834).

The drama and novel are interesting as experiments, but Larra was essentially a journalist, and the increased liberty of the press after the death of Ferdinand VII gave his caustic talent an ampler field. He was already famous under the pseudonyms of Juan Pérez de Munguía and Fígaro which he used in El Pobrecito Hablador and La Revista Española respectively. Madrid laughed at his grim humour; ministers feared his vitriolic pen and courted him assiduously; he defended Liberalism against the Carlist rebellion; he was elected as deputy for Ávila, and a great career seemed to lie before him. But the era of military pronunciamientos ruined his personal prospects and patriotic plans. His writing took on a more sombre tinge; domestic troubles increased his pessimism, and, in consequence of a disastrous love-affair, he committed suicide by shooting himself in February 1837.

Larra lived long enough to prove himself the greatest prose-writer that Spain can boast during the 19th century. He wrote at great speed with the constant fear of the censor before his eyes, but no sign of haste is discernible in his work, and the dexterity with which he aims his venomous shafts is amazing. His political instinct, his abundance of ideas and his forcible, mordant style would have given him a foremost position at any time and in any country; in Spain, and in his own period, they placed him beyond all rivalry.

References

Influence 
Some of his phrases like Vuelva usted mañana (come back tomorrow) or Escribir en España es llorar (To write in Spain is to cry) are still applied to chastise present-day ills.
The Spanish-language clone of the Slashdot Internet forum, Barrapunto, uses Pobrecito Hablador ("Poor little talker") as the name for anonymous commenters.
The Premio Mariano José de Larra rewards young outstanding journalists in Spain.

Other websites 
Mariano José de Larra in the Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes.
Proyecto Mariano José de Larra en Internet 
 Mariano José de Larra: text, concordances and frequency list

1809 births
1837 deaths
Spanish journalists
Playwrights
Suicides by firearm
Writers from Madrid
Luis de Molina

Luis de Molina (born 1535 in Cuenca; died October 12, 1600 in Madrid) was a Spanish Jesuit and writer.

At the age of eighteen Molina became a member of the Society of Jesus. He studied theology at Coimbra. After this, he became professor in the university of Évora, Portugal. From this post he was called, at the end of twenty years, to the chair of moral theology in Madrid.

Besides other works he wrote De liberi arbitrii cum gratiae donis, divina praescientia, praedestinatione et reprobatione concordia (4 vo., Lisbon, 1588); a commentary on the first part of the Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas (2 vols., fol., Cuenca, 1593); and a treatise De jure et justitia (6 vols., 1593-1609).

1535 births
1600 deaths
Academics
Christian theologians
Jesuits
Spanish Roman Catholics
Spanish writers
Henrik Ibsen

Henrik Johan Ibsen (born 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright. He is often called the "father of modern drama."

Ibsen is held to be the greatest of Norwegian authors and one of the most important playwrights of all time, celebrated as a national symbol by Norwegians. His greatest works can be said to be "A Doll's House" or "Enemy of the People."

References 

1828 births
1906 deaths
Norwegian writers
Playwrights
Bead

A bead is a small item with a hole in it for stringing.  Beads can be threaded together on a string. Beads can be made from many different things including wood, glass, and gemstones.  The oldest known beads are over 100,000 years old. Beads, made from stones, have been found in the graves of the kings of Egypt. Clay beads have always been made in abundance. They were first painted in patterns similar to those used on bowls or pots. 

Making beads in clay is a skill which is easy to learn. The clay material presents a design opportunity limited only by the imagination and expertise of the maker. 

During the last century in the western hemisphere, the wearing of beads has become the prerogative of woman. Yet throughout history, men have worn great quantities of beads to show their masculinity and virility. As early as 5000 BC men and women alike valued wearing strands of shell, stone, teeth and bone beads. Faience and Carnelian beads found in an Egyptian tomb date back to 4000 BC. Phoenician trade ships carried beads to and from Egypt as early as 2500 BC so it is impossible to know for sure how long beads were really in circulation. The graves of Egypt reveal the development of the craft of bead making better the those of other civilizations due to the trade routes established in continental Europe. From 3000-1900 BC, the Amber Routes ran from Moravia, France and Austria to Russia, England and Spain. Ancient trade routes went to the Far East as well as Africa.
 
Today, there are many types of the beads including silver beads, stone beads, fire polish, and swarovsky crystal beads. Stringing beads on beading wire is one of the most popular methods for making beaded jewellery and motifs. This can be worn as bracelets, necklaces, and anklets. In Japan, beads making came into fashion when Crown Princess Masako made her swarovski beads necklace by herself. Bead art shows are held in November every year, and beads lovers publish their work. They often become trendsetters.

Place or period of origin
African trade beads 
slave beads

References

Jewelry
Textile arts
Bremgarten, Switzerland

Bremgarten is a municipality in Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Hermetschwil-Staffeln merged into the municipality of Bremgarten.

References

Other websites 
 Verkehrsverein Bremgarten—the Tourist association in Bremgarten 
 Bremgarten - Official website 

Municipalities of Aargau
Cities in Switzerland
Zetzwil

Zetzwil is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Zeiningen

Zeiningen is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Zeihen

Zeihen is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Mihimaru GT

mihimaru GT is a J-pop band started by Hiroko Akutsu and Mitsuyuki Miyake.

Members 
 Hiroko Akutu - vocals (born July 24, 1984)
 Mitsuyuki Miyake - MC (born October 2, 1980)

Japanese musical groups
J-pop bands
Brittnau

Brittnau is a municipality in Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Brugg

Brugg is a city in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is the capital of the district of Brugg.

Since 2010, Umiken has been part of the city. On 1 January 2020 the municipality of Schinznach-Bad merged into Brugg.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of Aargau
Cities in Switzerland
Brunegg

Brunegg is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Buchs, Aargau

Buchs is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Bünzen, Switzerland

Bünzen is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Burg, Aargau

Burg is a municipality of the district Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Büttikon

Büttikon is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Buttwil

Buttwil is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

The village is 2 km west of Muri.

References

Municipalities of Aargau
Densbüren

Densbüren is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Other websites 
Commune homepage 

Municipalities of Aargau
Dietwil

Dietwil is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of Aargau
Dintikon

Dintikon is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Sabaneta, Santiago Rodríguez

San Ignacio de Sabaneta is a city and municipality in northwestern Dominican Republic. It is the main city of the Santiago Rodríguez province. It is usually called only Sabaneta or Santiago Rodríguez.

History
The town was founded in 1844 by Santiago Rodríguez and others in a small savanna (Sabaneta means a "small savanna") north of the Cordillera Central mountain range. In 1854,  the town was elevated to the category Military Post and in 1858 it became a municipality of the Santiago province.

San Ignacio de Sabaneta was the centre of the fight against the Spanish soldiers during the first period of the Restoration War (1863-1865).

When in 1879 Monte Cristi became a province, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made a municipality of that new province. When the new province of Santiago Rodríguez was created in 1948, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made the head municipality of the province.

Population
The city had, in , a total population of 34,540: 17,935 men and 16,605 women. The urban population was  of the total population.

Geography
San Ignacio de Sabaneta is on the northern side of the Cordillera Central ("Central mountain range") and has a total area of , about  of the total area of the province of Santiago Rodríguez. The city is an elevation of , and at  to the northwest of Santo Domingo.

It does not have any municipal district (a municipal district is a subdivision of a municipality).

The municipality of San Ignacio de Sabaneta has the Monte Cristi province to the north, the municipality of Monción to the northwest, the Santiago province to the west, the San Juan province to the southeast, the Elías Piña province to the south and the municipality of Villa Los Almácigos and the Dajabón province to the west.

Climate
San Ignacio de Sabaneta has a tropical wet and dry/savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: Aw) with a pronounced dry season in winter.

The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of rainfall, followed by October with .

The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is January with an average of  and the second is December with .

San Ignacio de Sabaneta is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

Economy
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming: tobacco and cattle raising for milk.

References

Settlements in the Dominican Republic
1844 establishments in the Dominican Republic
Dottikon

Dottikon is a municipality in Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Döttingen, Switzerland

Döttingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Dürrenäsch

Dürrenäsch is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Effingen

Effingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Eggenwil

Eggenwil is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Egliswil

Egliswil is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Eiken, Switzerland

Eiken is a municipality in Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Elfingen

Elfingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Sarnen

Sarnen is the capital of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Sarnen Official site 
Sarnen Tourism 

Municipalities of Obwalden
Capital cities in Switzerland
Kerns

Kerns is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of Kerns 

Municipalities of Obwalden
Sachseln

Sachseln is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
Official website of Sachseln

Municipalities of Obwalden
Alpnach

Alpnach is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Official Website of Alpnach

Municipalities of Obwalden
Giswil

Giswil is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Official Website of Giswil

Municipalities of Obwalden
Lungern

Lungern is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
Official site of the municipal Lungern
Tourism Lungern

Municipalities of Obwalden
Engelberg

Engelberg is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
 Engelberg Tourism
 Titlis Glacier

Municipalities of Obwalden
121 Hermione

121 Hermione is a very big asteroid of the dark C spectral type, orbiting in the Cybele group in the farther part of the main belt. As a C-type, it is probably made of carbonate.

Hermione was found by J. C. Watson on May 12, 1872, and named after Hermione, daughter of Menelaus and Helen in Greek mythology. Hermione is a Cybele asteroid and orbits beyond most of the main belt asteroids.

The asteroid has an odd shape, as evidenced by adaptive optics images, the first of which were taken in December 2003, with the Keck telescope. Of many proposed shape models that agreed with the images, a "snowman"-like shape was found to best fit the seen precession rate of Hermione's moon.

Observation of the moon's orbit has made possible a correct determination of Hermione's mass. For the best-fit "snowman" model, the density is found to be 1.8 ± 0.2 g/cm³. This gives a porosity of the order of 20%. This could be because the main asteroids are fractured solid bodies, but not a rubble pile (an asteroid that has been broken up by a collision and pulled back together by gravity).

Occultations by Hermione have been successfully seen three times so far, the last time in February 2004.

Moon (S/2002 (121) 1) 

A moon of Hermione was found in 2002 with the Keck II telescope. The moon is currently called S/2002 (121) 1. It has not yet been officially named, but the name "LaFayette" has been suggested by a group of astronomers. This is after the ship used in secret by the Marquis de Lafayette to reach America to help the Americans during the American Revolutionary War.

References

Other websites 
 121 Hermione and S/2002 (121) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes adaptive optics images, orbit diagrams, and shape models.
 Data on (121) Hermione from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
 Tally of Asteroids Harboring Moons Grows Beyond 30 (Space.com, 3 October 2002)

Asteroids
Endingen, Switzerland

Endingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Unterendingen merged into the municipality of Endingen.

References

Other websites

Municipalities of Aargau
Ennetbaden

Ennetbaden is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Ray Toro

Raymond Toro, born on July 15, 1977 in Kearny, New Jersey. Toro is the lead guitarist and one of two backup vocalists for My Chemical Romance.  He plays Gibson Les Paul guitars with Seymour Duncan pickups through Marshall amplifiers. He helped form the band in 2001 after reconnecting with frontman Gerard Way and drummer Matt Pelissier.

When he was younger he enjoyed the music of Queen,  Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer and he cites Brian May and Randy Rhoads as large influences on his playing. Toro has said that he grew up listening to his brothers rock albums and has always wanted to play the drums, though he sticks to guitar with My Chemical Romance.

On April,13 2011, #SINGItForJapan was released as an effort to raise money for Japan after the tsunami. This project was started when Toro was inspired by kind words from their fans, and he went on to arrange much of the instruments to create a sound that closely emulated traditional Japanese music.

References

Other websites

 My Chemical Romance official website
 Ray on MCRRmy.com 
 
 Interview with Ray Toro  at Seymourduncan.com
 Ray Toro profile on NNDB

1977 births
Living people
My Chemical Romance
American guitarists
Belleville, New Jersey

Belleville is a Township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the township population was 35,928.

References

Other websites
 Township of Belleville
 Belleville School District 
 Belleville Public Library
 National Center for Education Statistics data for the Belleville School District
 Belleville Historical Website History of Belleville, including famous residents
 Belleville, NJ History 
 Belleville, NJ Historical Photos 

Townships in New Jersey
Kearny, New Jersey

Kearny (pronounced ) is a town in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. It was named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. As of the United States 2000 Census, the town population was 40,513.

References

Other websites
 Town of Kearny website
 National Center for Education Statistics data for the Kearny School District
 Kearny School District

Towns in New Jersey
Frank Iero

Frank Anthony Thomas "Frank" Iero, Jr. (born October 31, 1981) is the youngest member of the band My Chemical Romance. He was born in Belleville, New Jersey and attended Queen of Peace High School in North Arlington.  He attended Rutgers University on scholarship but then dropped out for the band after he felt they were beginning to get somewhere. Iero is a rhythm guitarist and is one of the two backup vocalists for the 
alternative rock band My Chemical Romance. He was also in other bands such as Leathermouth, Pencey Prep, Death Spells, Frank Iero and the Celebration, Frank Iero and the Patience, and Frank Iero and the Future Violents.

References

1981 births
Living people
My Chemical Romance
American rock guitarists
Musicians from New Jersey
Mikey Way

Michael James Way (born September 10, 1980) is an American musician. He is the bass guitarist for the rock band My Chemical Romance. Way is the younger brother of the band's singer Gerard Way. He is from Belleville, New Jersey. Way grew up with his brother Gerard and their parents Donald and Donna Way (nee Rush).

Music career
Mikey Way joined My Chemical Romance in 2001. The other members of the band were his older brother and singer, Gerard Way, drummer Matt Pelissier, and lead guitarist Ray Toro. He is most notable for giving the band its name from an Irvine Welsh novel he read while working at a Barnes and Noble. The novel was "Ecstasy: Three Tales of Chemical Romance." 
   
After several weeks on their first tour, Mikey left college to play with the band full time. He has always been a main member of My Chemical Romance, but he left the band for a short time in early 2007. This was shortly after his marriage to Alicia Simmons. He was replaced by Matt Cortez on that tour. He rejoined the band later that year. Way was with the band for the rest of the time, until the band broke up on March 22, 2013, but as of October 31, 2019, he is in the band as of the reunion

Way has performed on all five of the band's studio albums.

References

Other websites
 My Chemical Romance Official Website
 https://twitter.com/mikeyway
 
 https://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/my-chemical-romance/biography

American guitarists
My Chemical Romance
1980 births
Living people
ENIAC

ENIAC (which meant "Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer") was a computer built between 1943 and 1946. It was designed by two people called John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. The machine was built out of nearly 17,500 vacuum tubes, 7,200 diodes and many miles of wire. It took up  of space, which is the size of a large room.

Background 
The history of computers is complex, and many machines have been identified as the "first computer".  ENIAC's claim is based on the fact that it was more programmable than previous ones.

Because the computer was built out of vacuum tubes, it often broke. This meant that someone had to find the failed tube (which was not an easy job), take the bad tube out and put a working tube in.

Making programs for the computer was difficult. Making the computer ready for one single program could take many days or even weeks. This was because the programming had to be done by pulling wires from one place to another. This was not hard for small programs, but if a large program was wanted, it was very hard work. Programming by pulling wires was used until 1948, when a special type of memory was added (called Read Only Memory (ROM), because the computer could read it but not write it).  After that, programming was done by using switches, which only took hours instead of days.

History 
The ENIAC was first designed to print firing tables for U.S Army artillery, but the war ended before the machine was completed. Instead, its first real job (not test) was to calculate how neutrons would go through various materials. This was needed in making a hydrogen bomb. ENIAC took 70 hours to work out pi to 2000 decimal places. A modern PC with a CPU of the size of 2x2 cm is much faster than ENIAC, which used up a whole room of space. For an example, a modern PC can work out a million (1,000,000) decimal places of pi in about ten seconds.

ENIAC was shut down forever on October 2, 1955. Now, only about 10 panels of the 40 exist. Although the original is shut down, programs written for the ENIAC can still be run on a modern computer using an emulator.

Sources

Computers
National Democratic Party of Germany

The National Democratic Party () is a far-right political party in Germany. It is usually just called the NPD.
It was formed after the Deutsche Reichspartei dissolved in 1964.

It is not the same as the old Hessian Nationaldemokratischen Partei. That was one of the parties which joined to form the Deutsche Reichspartei in 1949.

The German government tried to get the NPD banned in 2003, but the Bundesverfassungsgericht threw the case out when some of the leaders of the party turned out to be agents or informers of German security services, including the Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, which still lists the NPD as a dangerous organisation because its policies are a threat to the peace and stability of Germany and the constitution. The NPD is also referred to as being Neo-Nazi, as it openly opposes Turks, blacks, gays and Jews.

References 

Nationalist organizations in Europe
Neo-Nazism
Political parties in Germany
1964 establishments in Europe
Austral thrush

Austral thrush (Turdus falcklandii magellanicus) is a common bird found in southern South America. It has a brown head. Its breast is gray-yellow. Its beak is solid and yellow. It has dark brown eyes with yellow eyebrows.
It has a hard voice

Other websites 
 IUCN red list
 Austral thrush in Chilean and Falklands postages

Thrushes
130 Elektra

130 Elektra is a very big farther main belt asteroid. It was found by C. H. F. Peters on February 17, 1873 and named after Electra, an avenger in Greek mythology.

Its spectrum is of the G type, so it is probably made up like Ceres. Spectral signatures of organic compounds have been seen on Elektra's surface 

Recent optical sightings have found a moon (see below). Using its orbit, Elektra's mass can be found more correctly. The value of 1.3 kg indicates an unusually high density (for asteroids) of 3.8 ± 0.3 g/cm³. Optical sightings have also determined that Elektra's shape is quite non-spherical, as well as giving indications of albedo differences of 5-15% on its surface.

Moon (S/2003 (130) 1) 

In 2003, a small moon of Elektra was detected using the Keck II telescope. The diameter of the moon is 4 km and it orbits at a distance of about 1170 km. The moon has been given the provisional designation S/2003 (130) 1. Due to only a few sightings to date, its orbit is still not well known

References

Other websites 
 130 Elektra and S/2003 (130) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes adaptive optics image of primary, and satellite orbit diagram.
 Data on (130) Elektra from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)

Asteroids
Würenlos

Würenlos is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
 official website from the community Würenlos

Wurenlos
Würenlingen

Würenlingen is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Official website of the municipality of Würenlingen

Wurenlingen
Wölflinswil

Wölflinswil is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Wolflinswil
Wohlenschwil

Wohlenschwil is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Wohlen, Aargau

Wohlen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Cities in Switzerland
Wittnau, Switzerland

Wittnau is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Wislikofen

Wislikofen is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Windisch

Windisch is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton (or state) of Aargau in the country Switzerland. In 2014, about 7,143 people lived in Windisch. Home of the Swiss railway archives

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Municipalities of Aargau
Wiliberg

Wiliberg is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Wettingen

Wettingen is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Cities in Switzerland
Wegenstetten

Wegenstetten is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Waltenschwil

Waltenschwil is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Wallbach, Switzerland

Wallbach is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Other websites 
 Official Website of the Municipality of Wallbach
 Website of the creche Kinderkrippe Wallbach

Municipalities of Aargau
Vordemwald

Vordemwald is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Aargau
Villnachern

Villnachern is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Villmergen

Villmergen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2010, Hilfikon is part of the municipality.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Villigen

Villigen is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2006, Stilli is part of the municipality.

Other websites
 Official website of Villigen 
 Official website of Stilli  

Municipalities of Aargau
Veltheim, Aargau

Veltheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Untersiggenthal

Untersiggenthal is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Unterlunkhofen

Unterlunkhofen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official homepage of Unterlunkhofen

Municipalities of Aargau
Unterkulm

Unterkulm is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
Official website of the municipality of Unterkulm

Unterkulm
Unterentfelden

Unterentfelden is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Unterbözberg

Unterbözberg is a former municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Unterbözberg, Gallenkirch, Linn and Oberbözberg merged into the new municipality of Bözberg.

Former municipalities of Aargau
2013 disestablishments in Switzerland
Umiken

Umiken is a former municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2010, it is part of the city of Brugg.

Former municipalities of Aargau
Uezwil

Uezwil is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Official website

Municipalities of Aargau
Uerkheim

Uerkheim is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Ueken

Ueken is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Official website of the municipality of Ueken

Municipalities of Aargau
Turgi

Turgi is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.  In 2002, Turgi got the Wakker Prize for saving its historical buildings.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Thalheim, Aargau

Thalheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Teufenthal

Teufenthal is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Tegerfelden

Tegerfelden is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Tägerig

Tägerig is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Tagerig
Suhr, Aargau

Suhr is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of Aargau
Strengelbach

Strengelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Stilli

Stilli is a former municipality of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Since 2006, it is part of the municipality of Villigen.

Other websites
 Official website  

Former municipalities of Aargau
Villages in Aargau
Stetten, Aargau

Stetten is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Stein, Aargau

Stein is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Staufen, Switzerland

Staufen is a municipality of the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in the country of Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Staffelbach

Staffelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Aargau
Villages in Aargau
Sisseln

Sisseln is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau
Sins, Switzerland

Sins is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Aargau