cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Philippine Sports Stadium

The Philippine Sports Stadium or the  New Era University (NEU) Stadium,  is a football and track stadium in Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines. It is inside Ciudad de Victoria which is owned by the Inglesia Ni Cristo. The stadium is built near the Philippine Arena, an indoor arena. The Philippine Sports Stadium is the largest football stadium in the Philippines and can be filled by 25,000 people. It can accommodate almost double the number of people that can fit inside the Rizal Memorial Stadium which is the national stadium. The Rizal Memorial Stadium can be filled by 12,000 people.

References

Other websites

Football stadiums in Asia
Football in the Philippines
Buildings and structures in the Philippines
2014 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in the Philippines
Isithembu

Isithembu means polygamy and is still a custom in many parts of Africa. Isithembu (also called Sethepu) is the African custom of a man being able to have more than one wife at the same time. There were and are several situations that allow a man to have additional wives. A man may marry again if his current wife or wives cannot have children. He keeps his current wife or wives as divorce is not allowed. She becomes the senior wife, a position of honor. A man may marry again if his current wife or wives have not produced male children. He can marry again if a wife does not want children. In some places, if a man dies, his wife or wives are married to his brother. This way his family is cared for. The Swazi culture says a man should have many wives. Polygamy (Isithembu) is normal for men. Woman should have children, which is normal for them.

Simple polygamy 
 Some African tribes practice a simple form of polygamy. If a man marries one wife after another they have no rankings and are simply the number one wife, number two, and so on. Simple polygamy is one man (for example) married to two or more women.

Complex polygamy 
 Isithembu as practiced by the Xhosa people is a complex form of polygamy. In this system a man's wives all have positions in the family. Where a man has two wives the family is divided into two branches called "estates". The household (wife, children, members of her family and servants) belonging to his first wife is called the "great house" (indlunkulu). His next wife's household is called the "Right hand house" (ukunene). If he takes a third wife, she and her children are affiliated to the great house. Hers is called a "support house" (iqadi). In some cases the third wife served the first wife as a servant before she was married. Should there be a fourth wife, she and her household are also iqadi and affiliated with the right hand house.

 The Zulu people also have a complex form of polygamy. A man's wives form a great house (indlunkulu), a right hand house (iqadi), and a left hand house (ikhohlwa). If there is a fourth or iqadi house, she does not have the same rights as the other three.

References

Other websites 
 How do Zulus explain polygamy?
 Just another day in Mzansi
 Polygamy, South Africa

Marriage
African culture
Family
Cob (material)

Cob, or clom in Wales, is a natural building material.

Cob is made from "subsoil" (soil below the top layer), water, some kind of fibrous organic material (usually straw), and sometimes lime. The contents of subsoil varies and if it does not contain the right mixture is can be modified with sand or clay. Cob is fireproof, resists seismic activity, and inexpensive.  It can be used to create artistic, sculptural forms and has been revived in recent years by the natural building and sustainability movements.

Cob material is known by many names including adobe, lump clay, puddled clay, chalk mud, wichert, clay daubins, swish (African), torchis (French), bauge (French), bousille (French mud with moss). 

The material has a long life-span even in rainy climates, provided a tall foundation and large roof overhang are present.

References 

Building materials
E. L. Doctorow

Edgar Lawrence "E. L." Doctorow (January 6, 1931July 21, 2015) was an American author. He was best known for his works of historical fiction. He was mostly known for his books The Book of Daniel, Ragtime, and Billy Bathgate.

Early life
Doctorow was born in The Bronx, New York City. His mother was Rose Doctorow and his father was David Doctorow, both of Jewish descent. He studied at Kenyon College and at Columbia University. In 1953, he married Helen Esther Setzer. They had three children.

Academic career 
Doctorow taught at several universities. He was professor of English and American letters at New York University.

Awards
Doctorow won many writing awards, including the National Book Critics Circle Award for Ragtime, National Book Critics Circle Award for Billy Bathgate, National Book Critics Circle Award for The March, and the American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medal for Fiction. 

President Barack Obama called him "one of America's greatest novelists".

Death
Doctorow died of lung cancer on July 21, 2015, aged 84, in Manhattan. His wife Helen and their three children were still alive.

References

Other websites

"The Limits of Optimism: E.L. Doctorow and the American Left" by Joseph G. Ramsey http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/07/28/the-limits-of-optimism-e-l-doctorow-and-the-american-left/
 

 
 
 

1931 births
2015 deaths
American novelists
Cancer deaths in New York City
Deaths from lung cancer
Jewish American academics
Jewish American writers
Writers from New York City
Educators from New York City
Luiz Paulo Conde

Luiz Paulo Fernández Conde (6 August 1934 – 21 July 2015) was a Brazilian politician and architect. Conde served as the Vice Governor of Rio de Janeiro state from 2003 to 2007. He previously served as the Mayor of Rio de Janeiro from 1997 to 2001. Conde was born in Rio de Janeiro.

Conde died in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 80.

References

1934 births
2015 deaths
Brazilian politicians
Mayors
Brazilian architects
People from Rio de Janeiro
Carmino Ravosa

Carmino Ravosa (January 29, 1930 – July 19, 2015) was an American composer and lyricist, singer, pianist, as well as a producer, director, and musical historian. Ravosa, who wrote music for children for decades. He was one of the most popular songwriters for schools in the country.

Ravosa was an author and editor for Silver Burdett & Ginn's music textbook series "World of Music" and "The Music Connection", and the composer of the theme musicals in the two series. He also was a songwriter for the CBS children's shows Captain Kangaroo and Romper Room, the PBS program Shining Time Station, and the PBS publication Sesame Street Magazine.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
American singer-songwriters
American pianists
American composers
American television producers
American television directors
American historians
Singers from Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
Musicians from Massachusetts
Singers from New York
Musicians from New York
Writers from New York
People from Springfield, Massachusetts
Aude (river)

The Aude is a river of southern French. It starts in the Pyrénées mountains and ends in the Mediterranean Sea. The Aude department is named after this river.

In Roman times, the Aude was called Atax by the Romans. In all likelihood the current name comes from gradual changes of Atax, a word borrowed from the Celtic atacos meaning "spirited" or "very fast"

Geography
The Aude has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 41.40 cubic metres per second at Moussan.

Course
The Aude starts in the Massif of Carlit at the Lac d'Aude at an elevation of  in the commune of Les Angles (Pyrénées-Orientales department).

From the Pyrénées to Carcassonne, the river flows generally from south to north and then turns to the east. The river then flows into the Mediterranean Sea a few kilometres from Narbonne at Grau de Vendres (near Cabanes-de-Fleury) on the border between the departments of Aude and Hérault.
 
The Aude flows through 1 region, 4 departments and 75 communes. The main communes are:

 Occitanie region
 Ariège: Rouze
 Pyrénées-Orientales: Matemale, Formiguères
 Aude: Axat, Quillan, Couiza, Limoux, Carcassonne, Trèbes, Narbonne, Coursan
 Hérault: Olonzac, Lespignan, Vendres

Main tributaries 
The main tributaries (30 km  or more long) of the Aude river are:
 Left tributaries
 Rébenty - 33.6 km;
 Sou - 29.5 km;
 Fresquel - 63 km;
 Orbiel - 40.9 km;
 Argent-Double - 37.4 km;
 Cesse - 53.5 km;
 Right tributaries
 Lauquet - 36.6 km;
 Orbieu - 84.1 km;

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

References

Other websites

 Banque Hydro - Station Y1612020 - L'Aude à Moussan 

Rivers of France
Occitanie
Gamebook

A gamebook is a book that is also a game. It is sometimes called solo adventure, or choose your own adventure (CYOA). Choose Your Own Adventure is the name of a famous series of gamebooks.

Description 

The book is made of several paragraphs. The paragraphs are numbered. You do not read the paragraphs in order. At the end of a paragraph, you make a choice between two or more possibilities; your choice leads to another paragraph.

For example,
 Paragraph 1. Your are in a corridor. There are two doors: one on the left, one on the right.
 If you want to open the left door, read the paragraph 2.
 If you want to open the right door, read the paragraph 3.
 etc.

You can read the book several times. If you make different choices, you read a different story each time.

Use of gamebooks 

Some gamebooks are adventure games. They tell the story of an adventurer. These books are usually related to role-playing games. They are often science-fiction books, or fantasy books.

Some gamebooks are educational. They are used to learn something. A gamebook is funny to read; the reader is active (he makes choices). The gamebook can describe real situations where people must make choices; the paragraphs explain the consequences of the choices. Gamebooks can be a good way to make a subject more interesting.

Gamebooks can contain small games inside: riddles, puzzles, dice games, etc.

Famous series 

 Choose Your Own Adventure: American series started in 1976. The creator is Edward Packard.
 Fighting Fantasy: British series started in 1982. The books are translated in many languages. The creators are Steve Jackson and Ian Livingstone.
 Lone Wolf: British series started in 1984. The author is Joe Dever.
Some series are spin-offs of novels. For example, the gamebooks series Give Yourself Goosebumps is a spin-off of the Goosebumps series.

Some gamebooks are adventure for role-playing games (RPGs), played by only one people. They are called "solo adventure", or "solitaire adventure". The first solo adventure was written in 1976 for the RPG Tunnels and Trolls.

Some games are spin-offs of gamebooks. For example,
 several video games are based on Fighting Fantasy gamebooks;
 several traditional role-playing games are based on gamebooks:
 Advanced Fighting Fantasy is a RPG based on Fighting Fantasy gamebooks,
 Lone Wolf Adventure Game is a RPG based on Lone Wolf gamebooks.

Related pages
 Role-playing game

Genres
Games
Basilica Cistern

The Basilica Cistern  is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns under the city of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople), Turkey. The cistern, is close to the Hagia Sophia.

History 
Emperor Justinian I commissioned his city prefect Longinus to build it. It was completed in 532, after the Nika riots. As many as 7,000 slaves worked to build the cistern.

The large cistern provided a water source for the emperor's palace. Sometime before the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453 the cistern was closed. It was discovered in 1545 by Petrus Gyllius. After that Ottoman city officials used it for dumping waste including corpses. It has been restored at least three times. In 1985 it was closed for cleaning again. In 1987 it was opened to the public as a tourist attraction. 2 million tourist visited the Cistern in 2013.

Size 
The cistern is a huge underground room that measures about  by  It is about  in area. The cistern can hold  of water. The ceiling is supported by 336 marble columns. Each one is  high.

Modern Culture 
The cistern was used for a James Bond movie From Russia with Love. Also the 2009 movie The International was shot here. The 2011 video game, Assassin's Creed: Revelations includes scenes from the Basilica Cistern.

References

Other websites 
 Basilica Cistern by Gizemli Kişi
 The Basilica Cistern, the Coolest Spot in Town
 Kerim Bey's Escape Route (Basilica Cistern) 

Buildings and structures in Turkey
6th century
Byzantine Empire
José Sazatornil

José Sazatornil Buendía (13 August 1925 – 23 July 2015) was a Spanish actor. He appeared in many movies since making his debut in 1946. In 1989, he received the Goya Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the movie Espérame en el cielo by Antonio Mercero.

Sazatornil died in Madrid from complications from Alzheimer's disease, aged 89.

References

1925 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Madrid
Entertainers from Barcelona
Spanish movie actors
Advocacy

Advocacy can be defined as "public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy". It is a political process by an individual or group which aims to influence decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions.

Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes. These can include media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. It can include conducting exit polls or the filing of an amicus brief. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy. This is where a direct approach is made to legislators on an issue in modern politics. Professional lobbyists are employed by advocacy groups also called special interest groups.

There are any number of corporations, religious groups, citizen groups, think tanks and foundations who want to make sure their interests are heard by lawmakers. This is both in the United States and the European Union. Advocacy groups also use their influence in the election and appointing of judges.

References 

Legal terms
Chevrolet TrailBlazer

The North American Chevrolet TrailBlazer was a midsize SUV sold by the Chevrolet division of General Motors. The name came from a trim package on the S10 Blazer in 1999.

History 
In 2002 the TrailBlazer became its own model and was made through the 2009 model year. It replaced the Blazer as Chevrolet's medium size sport utility vehicle. In 2002 it came with a 270 horsepower 4.2 liter engine. It was built on a truck chassis and came with four-wheel drive. It also had four-wheel disc brakes with an anti-lock braking system. There were two trim levels, LT and SS. The SS model came with a 6.0 liter LS2 V8 engine with 390 horsepower. The SS also had 20" aluminum wheels. The TrailBlazer also offered an extended package that had third row seating. In June 2008 GM announced that the TrailBlazer and its siblings would be discontinued due to the decision to close Moraine Assembly. The last TrailBlazer rolled off the assembly line on December 15, 2008.

In 2012 the TrailBlazer name was brought back for international sales. The new TrailBlazer is built in Thailand and is to be sold in  Thailand. The new TrailBlazer is built on the second generation Chevrolet Colorado chassis. It will be sold worldwide except not in the United States. Chevrolet feels it would steal sales from its Equinox and Traverse CUVs. Although not a true SUV, the Traverse replaced the TrailBlazer in the US model lineup.

References 

TrailBlazer
Sport utility vehicles
Grant's gazelle

The Grant's gazelle (Nanger granti) is a species of gazelle. It lives in many parts of East Africa. Its Swahili name is Swala Granti. It is named after explorer James A. Grant.

Description
The Grant's gazelle stands  tall. The females weigh between  and males weigh between . Its coat is a beige orange on the back with a white belly. The Grant's gazelle looks similar to a Thomson's gazelle, except for some distinguishing features, such as a different horn shape. Grant's gazelles are very fast.

The Grant's gazelle is found in East Africa. It lives in open grass plains and shrublands. They are well adapted to dry areas. They get most of their water by eating plants.

Predators
The most common predators of the Grant's gazelle are cheetahs and wild dogs. Humans also hunt gazelles. Jackals are predators of fawns.

Status
The Grant’s gazelle is still a common species, but its population is going down. Estimates of the population range from 140,000 to 350,000. It is threatened by habitat destruction and hunting. It is protected in national parks and reserves in Tanzania and Kenya.

References

Mammals of Africa
Bovids
EXID

EXID is a five-member South Korean-Pop girl group. Its members are Solji, LE, Hani, Hyelin and Junghwa. They debuted on February 12, 2012 with the release of "Holla". The quintet released their first EP Hippity Hop in August 2012. It was met with limited success. Their 2014 single "Up & Down", however, reached number one on the Gaon Singles Chart four months after its release.
They mostly became more famous after the fancam of the member " hani " which hits 10 Views on YouTube .

EXID released their next mini-album Ah Yeah on April 13, 2015. The song of the same name "Ah Yeah" was its lead single. The single also was met with commercial success as it peaked at the runner-up position on the Gaon Singles Chart.

Members
 Solji (), real name Heo Sol Ji (허솔지).
 LE (), real name Ahn Hyo Jin (안효진).
 Hani (), real name Ahn Hee Youn (안희연). 
 Hyelin (), real name Seo Hye Lin (서혜린).
 Junghwa (), real name Park Jung Hwa (박정화).

Discography

EP
 Hippity Hop (2012)
 Ah Yeah (2015)

References

Other websites

 Kara Official Internet Cafe 

K-pop music groups
South Korean girl groups
2012 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in South Korea
K-pop singers
Dik-dik

A dik-dik is a small antelope in the genus Madoqua that lives in the bushlands of eastern and southern Africa.

Dik-diks stand about 30–40 cm (12–16 in) at the shoulder, are 50–70 cm (20–28 in) long, weigh 3–6 kg (7–16 lb) and can live for up to 10 years. 

Dik-diks are named after the alarm calls of the females. In addition to the females' alarm call, both males and females make a shrill, whistling sound. These calls may alert other animals to predators. The dik-dik is a favourite prey of the cheetah.

There are four species:
Günther's dik-dik Madoqua guentheri
Kirk's dik-dik Madoqua kirkii
Silver dik-dik Madoqua piacentinii
Salt's dik-dik Madoqua saltiana

References 

Bovids
Mammals of Africa
Phyllis Smith

Phyllis Smith (born July 10, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Phyllis Lapin-Vance in The Office and her voice role as Sadness in the Disney/Pixar movie Inside Out.

Other websites
 
 Cast Bio on NBC web site
 Phyllis Smith  at TV.com 

1951 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from St. Louis, Missouri
Christopher M. Fairman

Christopher M. Fairman (1960 or 1961 – July 22, 2015) was an American professor of law at the Ohio State University Moritz College of Law and Associate Dean for Faculty. He was also the C. William O'Neill Professor in Law and Judicial Administration. He was known for his book Fuck: Word Taboo and Protecting Our First Amendment Liberties. Fairman was born in Kansas. He was awarded the "Outstanding Professor Award 2003" by the Graduating Class of 2003.

Fairman died after suffering cardiac arrest in Columbus, Ohio, aged 54.

References

Other websites

1960s births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Educators from Kansas
American activists
Writers from Kansas
Bret Iwan

Brett Alexander "Bret" Iwan (born September 10, 1982 in Pasadena, California) is an American voice actor and illustrator. He is the fourth and current voice of Mickey Mouse. He started doing that voice after the death of Wayne Allwine, who did the voice before. He first recorded Mickey Mouse dialogue for Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park. He also recorded it for 2009 Disney On Ice: Celebrations, and Disney Live: Rockin' Road Show.

Filmography

Television

Video games

References

1982 births
Living people
Actors from Pasadena, California
American voice actors
Fjällbacka

Fjällbacka is a locality in Tanum Municipality in Västra Götaland County in Sweden. In 2010, 859 people lived there. It is wellknown as a summer tourist resort.

Fjällbacka people
Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman lived there when visiting Sweden.
Swedish crime writer Camilla Läckberg grew up there. It is also the place where many books written by her are set.

References 

Settlements in Vastra Gotaland County
Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham (born June 12, 1952) is an American politician. He represented Michigan in the United States Senate from 1995 until 2001. He was the 10th United States Secretary of Energy. He is a Republican.

Abraham was born on June 12, 1952 in East Lansing, Michigan. He graduated from Michigan State University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1974. Abraham received his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1979. He is married to Jane Abraham.

References

Other websites
 Biography NGR 
 Spencer Abraham Chairman & CEO 

1952 births
Living people
Harvard University alumni
US Republican Party politicians
United States senators from Michigan
United States Secretaries of Energy
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
American Eastern Orthodox Christians
Grebbestad

Grebbestad is a locality in Tanum Municipality in Västra Götaland County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,401 people lived there,

References

Other websites
 Grebbestad official website 

Settlements in Vastra Gotaland County
Pschent

The Pschent was the name of the Double Crown of Ancient Egypt. The Ancient Egyptians called it sekhemti  meaning the Two Powerful Ones. The Pschent was made from the Red Deshret Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Hedjet Crown of Upper Egypt.

The Pschent was a symbol of the pharaoh's power over all Egypt. The design used two animals, a cobra and a vulture.  The Egyptian cobra, known as the uraeus, ready to strike, was a symbol for the Lower Egyptian goddess Wadjet. The Egyptian vulture was a symbol for the Upper Egyptian goddess Nekhbet. These were placed on the front of the Pschent and called the Two Ladies.

History

The First Dynasty pharaoh Menes is said to have invented the Pschent. The first pharoah to be shown wearing the Double Crown was Djet, in a rock inscription showing his Horus wearing it.

The list of kings on the Palermo Stone shows the Lower Egyptian pharaohs wearing the Red Crown. After Egypt is unified, the list shows all First Dynasty and later pharaohs wearing the Pschent. But the Cairo fragment, shows Lower Egyptian rulers wearing the Pschent.

Archaeology
None of the Egyptian crowns have survived (or been found yet). Like the Deshret and the Hedjet Crowns, the Pschent is known only from statues, paintings, inscriptions, and ancient stories.

Mythology
Among the gods shown wearing the Double Crown are Horus and Atum. These both represented the pharaoh or had a special relationship to the pharaoh.

References

Ancient Egypt
Greenville, Maine

Greenville is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,646 at the 2010 census. The town is centered on the lower end of Moosehead Lake.

References 

Towns in Maine
Deshret

Deshret was the name for the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. When joined with the Hedjet, the White Crown of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent. This double crown was called the sekhemti in ancient Egyptian. Deshret was also the name for the desert Red Land on either side of the Nile river.

The Red Crown in Egyptian language hieroglyphs became the vertical letter "n" . The old "n" hieroglyph from the Predynastic Period, and the Old Kingdom was a sign showing ripples in water.

Significance
In mythology, the earth god Geb, the first ruler of Egypt, gave Horus the power to rule over Lower Egypt. The Egyptian pharaohs, who saw themselves as successors of Horus, wore the deshret to show their authority over Lower Egypt. Other gods wore the deshret too, such as the protective serpent goddess Wadjet and the creator-goddess of Sais, Neith, who often is shown wearing the Red Crown.

The Red Crown would later be joined with the White Crown of Upper Egypt to form the Double Crown. This was a symbol to show their rule over the whole country, which they called "The Two Lands".

The Red Land, the deserts and foreign lands around Egypt, was ruled by Seth. The Egyptians saw it as a dangerous confusing place, without laws or any order.

Records of the Red Crown
None of the red crowns have survived. It is not known how the crown was made or what materials were used. It could have been made from copper, reeds, cloth, or even leather.

The Red Crown is often shown in texts, wall carvings and statues. An early example shows a victorious pharaoh wearing the deshret on the Narmer Palette. A text from the reign of Djer records a royal visit to the shrine of the Deshret which may have been at Buto in the Nile delta.

No crown has ever been found buried with any of the pharaohs, even in tombs that have not been robbed. This suggests that the deshret was passed from one king to the next, much as in present day monarchies.

Deshret (vertical letter N) in hieroglyphic writing

References

Related pages
Hedjet - White Crown of Upper Egypt
Pschent - Double Crown of Lower and Upper Egypt

Ancient Egypt
Adi Parashakti

In Hindu mythology, Adi Para Shakti is the Supreme Being. She is the Goddess Parvati, Devi and recognized as Para Brahman (the highest Brahman). In many Shakta texts she is known as "Parma" meaning supreme, and "Satya" meaning truth. The Devi Bhagavatam says that Adi Parashakti is the original creator, observer and destroyer of the whole universe.

References

Hindu gods and goddesses
Secondary sector

The secondary sector includes industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construction.

This sector generally takes the output of the primary sector and manufactures finished goods. The sector is an energy-consuming sector that consists of all facilities and equipment used for producing, processing, or assembling goods. 

Economics
The Hunting of the Snark

The Hunting of the Snark (An Agony in 8 Fits) is a nonsense poem written by Lewis Carroll, the pen name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson.

The poem was written from 1874 to 1876. The setting, some creatures, and eight portmanteau words are taken from Carroll's earlier poem Jabberwocky in his children's novel Through the Looking-Glass (1871). The eight words are:  bandersnatch, beamish, frumious, galumphing, jubjub, mimsiest (which previously appeared as mimsy in "Jabberwocky"), outgrabe and uffish.

The first two stanzas contain one of the most famous quotations in nonsense poetry:

"Just the place for a Snark!" the Bellman cried,
As he landed his crew with care;
Supporting each man on the top of the tide
By a finger entwined in his hair.

"Just the place for a Snark! I have said it twice:
That alone should encourage the crew.
Just the place for a Snark! I have said it thrice:
What I tell you three times is true."

The Bellman refers the mediaeval use of a town crier or bellman. He would ring his bell, and shout Oyez, Oyez, Oyez! at set places in a town, and read out proclamations of legal decisions made by courts or the town council. This was necessary because most people were illiterate.

Another curiosity of the poem is that the crew of ten all have occupations beginning with the letter "B".

What I tell you three times is true: The idea of repetition as a grounds for truth is sometimes called the Bellman's theory. That, of course, is humour. All the same, repetition is a recurring trope in many kinds of discussion and argument.

The Hunting of the Snark has been many times adapted for the theatre, and many times referred to in fiction.

References

Other websites

1876
19th-century British poems
Lewis Carroll
Elf: Buddy's Musical Christmas

Elf: Buddy's Musical Adventure is an American 2014 stop-motion animated Christmas musical television special. It is based on the Elf” dramas including the Will Ferrell movie and the Broadway musical. The story is about Buddy the Elf (voice of Jim Parsons) leaving the North Pole to find his father Walter Hobbs (Mark Hamill). David Hinckley of the New York Daily News said it was a "delightful animated hour". Gail Pennington of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch wrote "'Elf: Buddy's Musican Christmas' "should be on the Christmas TV calendar for years to come". Metacritic gave it a metascore of 74.

References 

  

Television movies
Animated movies
Pitbull (rapper)

Armando Christian Pérez (born January 15, 1981), better known by his stage name Pitbull, is a Cuban-American rapper and singer. He was born in Miami, Florida to parents who are Cuban.

His fourth album, Rebelution (2009), included the hit single "I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)". It was his first internationally popular song. "I know you want me" peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.

References 

Rap musicians from Florida
1891 births
Living people
Grammy Award winners
Latin Grammy Award winners
Tove Lo

Ebba Tove Elsa Nilsson (born 29 October 1987), better known by her stage name Tove Lo, is a Swedish singer and songwriter. She was born and raised in Stockholm, Sweden. She graduated from musical magnet school Rytmus Musikergymnasiet. Early in her life she started writing poetry and short stories. She wrote songs for other singers including Icona Pop and Girls Aloud. Lo then began writing songs for herself. She self-released her single "love Ballad" in 2012. Her 2013 single "Habits" reached #3 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2014 she released her debut album "Queen of the Clouds". It peaked at #14 on the Billboard Hot 200.

Discography

 Queen of the Clouds (2014)
 Lady Wood (2016)
 Blue Lips (2017)
 Sunshine Kitty (2019)

References 

Swedish singers
1987 births
Living people
Bisexual people
Amy Childs

Amy Andrea Childs (born 7 June 1990) is an English reality television star, model, businesswoman and fashion designer. Childs is best known for appearing in the ITV series The Only Way Is Essex. She appeared on the show for two season. Childs later had her own reality series It's All About Amy. She participated in Celebrity Big Brother in its eighth season.

Childs was born in Barking, London, England. Her parents are Billy and Julie Childs. The family moved to Brentwood, Essex when Childs was six years old. She received diplomas from Brentwood Academy in Beauty Specialist Techniques. In 2010 she joined the cast on the structured reality show The Only Way Is Essex, also called TOWIE. She left TOWIE in May 2011. She was a housemate in the 2011 series of Celebrity Big Brother. She finished in fourth place. In December 2011, she started her own reality show, "It’s All About Amy". She opened her own beauty salon called "Amy Childs Salon" in Essex.

At the 2011 Reality TV Awards, Childs received the "personality of the year award".

References

1990 births
Living people
Businesspeople from London
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
People from the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham
People from Brentwood, Essex
Television personalities from Essex
Television personalities from London
The Only Way Is Essex
Models from London
Mooselookmeguntic Lake

Mooselookmeguntic Lake is a lake in the western part of Maine.  It is near the border of New Hampshire and the Canadian province of Quebec. It is inside two counties; Franklin and Oxford. It is part of the Androscoggin River watershed. The lake is just a few miles from the Appalachian Trail.

Geography 
Mooselookmeguntic Lake gets water from several rivers. These are the Cupsuptic River, the Rangeley River in Rangeley and the Kennebago River. 

The lake's waters flow out to the southeast, into Upper Richardson Lake.  There is a dam between the two lakes. It raises the level of Mooselookmeguntic Lake about 14 feet. When the dam was built, this connected Mooselookmeguntic with Cupsuptic Lake. The two lakes had been separate before. The new lake is used as a reservoir.

Mooselookmeguntic Lake's deepest part is . Its surface area is . It is the fourth largest lake in Maine. Mooselookmeguntic Lake is 1,467 feet (447 meters) above sea level.

There are two large islands south of Mooselookmeguntic Lake. These are named "Toothaker Island" and "Students Island".

River name 
The name "Mooselookmeguntic" is really an Abnaki word that means "moose feeding place". 

There is a local story that a Native American was hunting moose in the area, and he saw one.  The native had forgotten to load his rifle with ammunition, but shot at the animal anyway.  Thinking he had ruined his rifle, he began yelling at the moose about his bad luck. He said: "Moose, look! My gun stick"! This is only a legend but is told often as history. Because of this, another spelling sometimes used is Mooselookmeguntick Lake.

Mooselookmeguntic Lake is one of the longest place names in the United States. It is tied in third place with Kleinfeltersville, a small town in Pennsylvania. They both have 17 letters.

Fishing 
The lake has a good variety of fishes, and is a popular tourist attraction for fishing.

References

Other websites 

Lakes of the United States
Audi Cup 2015

The Audi Cup 2015 (the fourth edition of the Audi Cup) is a two-day tournament in Munich, Germany. The participating teams are Bayern Munich, Real Madrid, Milan and Tottenham Hotspur.

Matches

Top scorers 

2 goals
 Robert Lewandowski (Bayern Munich)

1 goal

 Gareth Bale (Real Madrid)
 Juan Bernat (Bayern Munich)
 Tom Carroll (Tottenham Hotspur)
 Nacer Chadli (Tottenham Hotspur)
 Mario Götze (Bayern Munich)
 James Rodríguez (Real Madrid)

References 

2015 in association football
2015 in Europe
2010s in Munich
Audi Cup
Franz Beckenbauer Cup

The Franz Beckenbauer Cup is an friendly association football tournament that takes place in Munich, Germany. It was created to honour the German forward, Franz Beckenbauer. The tournament has not been played since 2010. The 2009 and 2011 tournaments were replaced by the Audi Cup.

Results

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011 

Football competitions in Germany
Football in Germany
Sport in Munich
2007 establishments in Germany
2010 disestablishments in Europe
2010s disestablishments in Germany
Preeti Desai

Preeti Desai  (born 29 September 1985) is a British actress and model. She was Miss Great Britain 2006. Desai made history by becoming the first woman of Indian origin to ever win the beauty pageant title.

References

Living people
1985 births
British actors
English models
Beauty pageant winners
People from Middlesbrough
Whitney Port

Whitney Eve Port (born March 4, 1985) is an American television personality, fashion designer and writer of books. She was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. She attended Crossroads School in Santa Monica. In 2006, Port became famous when she appeared on the reality series The Hills on MTV.

References

1985 births
Living people
Television personalities from Los Angeles
American fashion designers
Writers from Los Angeles
Participants in American reality television series
Lo Bosworth

Lauren Ogilvie "Lo" Bosworth (born September 29, 1986) is an American television personality and writer. She was born and raised in Laguna Beach, California. There she attended Laguna Beach High School.

In 2004, Bosworth became famous when she appeared on the reality series Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County. She appeared later in the series spin-off The Hills.

References

Living people
1986 births
Television personalities from California
People from Laguna Beach, California
Writers from California
The Hills

The Hills was an American reality television series. It aired on MTV from May 31, 2006 until July 13, 2010.

References

2006 American television series debuts
2010 American television series endings
2000s American reality television series
2010s American reality television series
MTV programmes
English-language television programs
Kristina and Karissa Shannon

Kristina and Karissa Shannon (born October 2, 1989 in Ann Arbor, Michigan) are American twin sisters that works as glamour models. That have been Playboy Playmates working for Playboy founder and owner Hugh Hefner. They also appeared on Hefner's television series The Girls Next Door.

They were housemates in Celebrity Big Brother (UK) in 2012.

References

1989 births
Living people
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
Models from Michigan
People from Ann Arbor, Michigan
Sibling duos
Twin people from the United States
W Horsley Gantt

Dr. William Andrew Horsley Gantt (1892 in Wingina, Virginia – 1980) was an American physiologist and psychologist.  He received a B.S. from the University of North Carolina and a medical degree from University of Virginia. In 1922, while doing a medical residency at University Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, he took a leave of absence to join the American Relief Administration. From 1922-1923 he was Chief at the Petrograd unit in Russia and studied the effect of famine on health. At this time he met Ivan Pavlov. In 1925, he later returned to Petrograd to study under Pavlov at the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Gantt translated many of Pavlov's works. Some of them were "Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes" and "Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes: Conditioned Reflexes and Psychiatry".  He went on to study and publish "Experimental Basis for Neurotic Behavior."  His research earned him the Lasker Award in 1946. He was also nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970.

Gantt founded the Pavlovian Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University under Adolf Meyer. He also founded the Psychophysiological Research Laboratory at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Perry Point, Maryland. In 1953, he was suspended from the VA due to his alleged Communist sympathies. He was later cleared and reinstated. In 1955, he founded the Pavlovian Society and was its president until 1965.

Gantt had many notable friends and associates. Some of them were John Dos Passos, Ogden Nash, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and H. L. Mencken.

1892 births
1980 deaths
People from Virginia
Dongguan

Dongguan (Chinese: 东莞) is a city in Guangdong province, China.

It is in the Pearl River delta. Dongguan borders Guangzhou to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, Shenzhen to the south, and the Pearl River to the west.

Dongguan is an industrial city. It ranks behind only Shenzhen, Shanghai and Suzhou in exports among Chinese cities, with $65.54 billion in shipments.
The city is also home to one of the world's largest shopping malls, the New South China Mall.

There are evidence of people living in Dongguan area 5,000 years ago. But Dongguan only became a city in 1985, and since developed from a farming area to a large production centre.

There were 6,949,800 people living in Dongguan at the end of 2008. Of them, 748,700 were local people and 5,201,100 long-term migrants from other parts of China. At the 2010 Census the population had grown to 8,220,237. The number reached 8.29 million by the end of 2012. The average age of the population was 30.82.

The city is mostly hilly to the east and flat in the west. It has 115.98 kilometres (72.07 miles) of shoreline. The city centre of Dongguan is 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Guangzhou to its north. 90 kilometres (56 mi) from Shenzhen to its south, 87 kilometres from Hong Kong and 89 kilometres from Macau by water transport. It is located at the middle of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen economic corridor, a transportation hub.

Dongguan has a wet subtropical weather, It lies just south of the Tropic of Cancer. The average temperature is 23.3 °C (73.9 °F) over the year with average rainfall of 2,042.6 millimetres (80.42 in).

Dongguan is also a famous hometown for many overseas Chinese, the family origin of over 700,000 people in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau, and over 200,000 nationals living in other countries.

References

Other websites

 HERE! Dongguan - Your English Guide to a Bustling City
Dongguan Expats - Expatacular! - Global Expat Community 
 Hello! Dongguan  A general introduction to the city of DG
www.dongguantoday.com Government funded website, giving a full range of information about Dongguan
 Dongguan Foreign Investment Promotion Bureau 
 Dongguan City Government 
Dongguan Bureau of Foreign Trade & Economic Cooperation  
IATT - International Association for Technology Trade

Cities in China
Guangdong
List of tallest buildings in China

This list ranks all tall buildings in China that stand at least  tall.

Number of skyscrapers completed each year 
The following table lists the number of buildings that are 150 meters and taller built within the last 15 years:

Current

Under construction

Proposed

On-Hold

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in the world

References

Other websites 

 SkyscraperCity - China's and the world's skyscrapers, projects and photos

China
China
buildings
List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong



Tallest buildings
This lists ranks tall buildings in Hong Kong that stand at least 200 metres (656 ft) tall. An equal sign (=) following a rank mean the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year a building was built.

References 

China-related lists
2003–04 UEFA Women's Cup

The 2003–04 UEFA Women's Cup was the third UEFA Women's Cup. It was won by Umeå IK over 1. FFC Frankfurt.

First qualifying round

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Second qualifying round

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 6

Group 7

Group 8

Knockout stage

Other websites 

 Results on rsssf.com

2003 in association football
2004 in association football
UEFA
Women's football
Football competitions in Europe
2003 in Europe
2004 in Europe
Pete Conrad

Charles "Pete" Conrad, Jr. (June 2, 1930 – July 8, 1999) was an American test pilot, aeronautical engineer and astronaut. During the Apollo 12 flight he became the third man to walk on the Moon.

On August 21, 1965, Conrad flew into space as pilot of Gemini 5. This was the third trip by astronauts in NASA's Project Gemini. The trip lasted until August 29, 1965. Conrad made another spaceflight as command pilot (pilot in charge) of Gemini 11. This was the ninth trip by astronauts in Project Gemini. The trip lasted from September 12, 1966 to September 15, 1966.

Conrad made his third space flight as spacecraft commander (person in charge) of Apollo 12. This was the second trip to land astronauts on the moon. The trip lasted from November 14, 1969 to November 24, 1969.

Conrad flew in space for the fourth time as commander of the Skylab 2 flight. This was the first flight to take astronauts to Skylab, the first space station sent into space by the United States. The trip lasted from May 25, 1973 to June 22, 1973.

Conrad died in a motorcycle crash in Ojai, California on July 8, 1999.

References

Other websites

NASA Biography
Spacefacts biography of Pete Conrad
NYTimes obituary

1930 births
1999 deaths
Apollo astronauts
Scientists from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Road accident deaths in California
American aviators
Princeton University alumni
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Field hockey at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament

The women's field hockey tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was the 9th version of the field hockey tournament at the Summer Olympics.
It began on 29 July, and ended on 10 August. The Netherlands won the tournament over Argentina.

Teams

First round

Pool A

Pool B

Medal round

Statistics

Team rankings

Other websites 

 Results on olympic.org

References 

2012 Summer Olympics
Field hockey
Field hockey at the 2012 Summer Olympics

Field hockey  at the 2012 Summer Olympics took place in London, United Kingdom from 29 July to 11 August. There were 12 teams for both the men's and women's tournaments.

The Netherlands won the women's tournament, and Germany won the men's tournament.

Men's tournament

Women's tournament

References 

2012 Summer Olympics
Baghlan

Baghlan () is a city in Baghlan Province, Afghanistan.

Related pages 
 Baghlan Province

References 

Cities in Afghanistan
Netherlands women's national field hockey team

The Netherlands women's national field hockey team is the women's field hockey team that represents the European country of the Netherlands. It is the most successful team in women's field hockey history.

Current squad 
As of 7 December 2014

Honours 

 Olympic Games (3):
 1984, 2008, 2012
 Women's Hockey World Cup (7):
 1974, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1990, 2006, 2014
 World League (1):
 2012–14
 Champions Trophy (6):
 1987, 2000, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011
 European Championships (8):
 1984, 1987, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2011

Other websites 

 Official website

Sport in the Netherlands
Field hockey
Ellen Hoog

Ellen Hoog (born 26 March 1986 in Bloemendaal, North Holland, Netherlands) is a Dutch field hockey midfielder. She currently plays for the Amsterdamsche Hockey & Bandy Club and the Netherlands women's national field hockey team. She first played for the Netherlands in 2004. She has since played in 124 matches and has scored 32 goals.

Hoog is sponsored by Ritual Hockey. Along with teammate Eva de Goede, she modeled with Sports Illustrated in 2013.

Olympic Games
Hoog played for The Netherlands field hockey team in the 2008 Beijing and 2012 London Olympics. The Netherlands team won the gold medal for each year.

References

Other websites
Ritual Hockey

1986 births
Living people
Field hockey players
Sportspeople from North Holland
Eva de Goede

Eva de Goede (born 23 March 1989 in Zeist, Netherlands) is a Dutch field hockey midfielder. She currently plays for the Netherlands women's national field hockey team. With the Netherlands, she won gold medals in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, as well as in various other tournaments.

Along with her teammate, Ellen Hoog, de Goede has modeled with Sports Illustrated.

References 

1989 births
Living people
Dutch Olympic gold medalists
Dutch Olympic silver medalists
Field hockey players
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
People from Zeist
Sportspeople from Utrecht (province)
Messerschmitt Bf 110

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The Messerschmitt Bf 110 is a twin-engine fighter aircraft. It used two Daimler-Benz DB 600 engines. It was designed as a long-range 3-seat escort fighter in 1935. The first prototype flew on May 12, 1936. The plane was used by the German Luftwaffe in the World War II. In Germany it was called Zerstörer (the destroyer). Early in the war Germany had great success with the plane until they attacked Great Britain. In the Battle of Britain the Bf 110C was no match for Britain's Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane fighters. The planes designed as escorts (to bombers) had to be escorted themselves. They were slow in turns which was a major flaw in the design. The Hurricane's could out-turn them and the Spitfires could out-run them. After very heavy losses they were withdrawn from the battle. The Bf 110s were reassigned to other duties. One role they were well suited for was as night fighters. Major Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer, Germany's top night fighter ace, claimed 121 victories flying a Bf 110.

References 

World War II German aircraft
Aquanaut

An aquanaut is a person who stays at the bottom of the ocean for 24 hours or longer while exposed to the pressure of the water at that depth in the ocean. This usually happens in a special building, called an underwater habitat, on the ocean bottom.

The first person to stay at the bottom of the ocean for 24 hours was a man from France. His name was Robert Sténuit. This happened in September 1962. The United States Navy had a program in the 1960s called SEALAB in which military aquanauts and scientists spent time on the ocean bottom. This program ended in February 1969 after aquanaut Berry L. Cannon died from breathing too much carbon dioxide.

NASA carries out programs in the Aquarius underwater habitat off Key Largo in Florida. These programs are called "NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations" (NEEMO). The NEEMO programs help teach astronauts how to live and work in outer space.

Further reading

Related pages 
 Underwater diving

Diving