cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Honey

Honey is a food made by honeybees from nectar. They put the honey into a honeycomb, which for them is a storage unit. Honey is sweet and can be used instead of sugar. It is a supersaturated liquid. As the temperature drops, glucose comes out of solution. Then it is a semi-solid rather than a liquid.

Honey is first mentioned in the Book of Exodus, and is often linked with pleasant and comfortable things. "Land of Milk and honey".
It is also referenced in the Qur'an, with similar associations to good and evil.

The name honey is derived from the Old English "hunig.

Much like wine, there are several kinds of honey with different tastes, colors and textures. Some common types are got from bees who use the clover flower's pollen. It is thick and has a medium color. It tends to form crystals or grains more quickly when exposed to air. Acacia flowers make another common variety.

Honey from bees using flowers from oleanders, rhododendrons, some laurels, and azaleas may cause honey intoxication. Symptoms include dizziness, weakness, sweating, nausea, and vomiting.  

Expert beekeepers solve this problem by moving their hives to areas where the right flowers are available. Bees like to get their nectar locally, and do not go more than two miles from the hive.

Honey tastes quite different according to which flowers the bees used. Key things are its smell, taste and how clear it is; also no bad qualities.

Classification

Source of flower
Honey can be classified by the type of flower that the bees make the honey from.

Blended
Most commercially available honey is a mixture of two or more honeys that differ in the source of the flower, color, flavor, density, or geographic origin.

Polyfloral
Polyfloral honey, also called wildflower honey, is gotten from the nectar of many types of flowers. The taste may be different from year to year, and the smell and the taste can be more or less powerful, depending on which flowers are blooming.

Monofloral
Monofloral honey is made mainly from the nectar of one type of flower. To make monofloral honey, beekeepers keep beehives in place where the bees have access, as far as possible, to only one type of flower. However, a small amount of any monofloral honey will be from other flower types.

Classification by packaging and processing
Honey can be classified by packaging and processing.
 Crystallized honey: Crystallized honey is when some of the glucose content has immediately crystallized from the mixture as the monohydrate. It is also called "granulated honey" or "candied honey". Honey that has crystallized can become liquid by warming.

Worldwide production

In 2017, the world produced 1.9million tonnes of honey. China produced 29% of the world total. Other major producers were Turkey, Iran, United States, and Ukraine.

References

Other websites

Spreads
Natural resources
Beekeeping
Heaven

Heaven also known as Paradise or garden is a place where good people go when they die. It is a concept of the afterlife (what happens after somebody dies) in many religions. Some people who believe in heaven say it is a perfect place. They believe heaven is where people go after they die if they have been good in life. Some people also believe in Hell, a place bad people go when they die if they have been bad in life. Ideas of Heaven and Hell are not the same in all religions.

In Christianity
According to the Bible, there are different meanings for the word:
Sky – the atmosphere that covers the Earth. The first time that it rained, it says, God opened "the windows of heaven."
Outer space – the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc.
The place where God lives and rules eternally. The people called prophets in the Bible, like Isaiah, often spoke of a physical Kingdom of Heaven that will occupy a new Earth, and ruled by God (Messiah) in the flesh himself, where we will have physical bodies that do not die.

The Bible does not have a lot to say about what it looks like. The apostle Paul tells about a vision he had of being taken up to "the third heaven," where he saw and heard things too wonderful to describe. But, much of what Christians believe Heaven to be like comes from the vision that John saw in a vision while praying, including:
The glory of God is the light (no sun)
Heaven is where all the true believers go. 
You never sleep because of your purified new body
Has 12 gates made of pearl
Walls made of jasper
Streets made of pure gold
A river of life
Trees on each side of the river

Catholics believe Mary is the Queen of Heaven, officially defined by Pope Pius XII in 1954. However many Protestants see this as not in the Bible.

In Islam

According to the Quran and Hadith, Heaven is a place of reward for those believers who accept the true faith and practices the teaching of Prophet Muhammad. The eternal life will be perfect, with thousands of types of food and clothing more beautiful than humans could ever imagine. There will also be no sad feelings, stress or pain and related problems of life.

In Bahá'í Faith

Baha'is believe that Heaven or (hell) being specific places as symbolic. The Aqdas, the holy book of Baha'is, along with other Baha'i books, describe heaven as a "spiritual condition" where being close to God is called heaven. Hell is seen as being separated from God. Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, said that the afterlife is beyond human understanding.

In Paganism
Summerland is the name given by Wiccans and other Pagan (old European religions) to their belief of afterlife (life after death).

References

Afterlife
Multiprocessing

Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. The CPUs do not have to be the same. Systems that treat all CPUs equally are called symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) systems.

Related pages
 Multitasking
 Multithreading
 Multi-core processor

Computer science
Multitasking

Multitasking means that a computer can run more than one item of software in the same time frame, as in switching between several computer programs running on a single CPU. It can also refer to a person who is working on more than one task at the same time (for instance, talking on the telephone while filing papers).

In computing 
Computers which can appear to run more than one program even with only one CPU. Computer scientists solve the problem that a CPU can only do one thing at a time by programming it so that it switches rapidly between tasks. This happens so rapidly that it appears that the computer is running more than one program at once. This is called "multiprogramming". This action is often controlled by the operating system (OS) controlling the hardware of the system.

The more things the computer has to do at once, the more time it has to spend deciding which to give more time to, and the less time each one receives. This tends to make the computer perform its tasks more slowly, unless it uses a multi-core processor, acting as multiple CPUs, which is called "multiprocessing".

Related pages 
 Multiprocessing
 Multithreading

Computer science
Multithreading

Multithreading means that a computer can work on different parts of the same program at the same time. This usually allows the program to run faster.

Related pages
Multitasking
Multiprocessing
Multi-core processor

computer science
Whiteboard

A whiteboard, also called a markerboard, is a drawing surface on which markings made with markers are visible. It is used as a surface to write on. Whiteboards are often used to help teach.  Special markers are used that can be erased. Whiteboards usually have a shiny surface. Before there were whiteboards, people used blackboards. Chalk is used to write on blackboards. Now, there is another improvement, people are now using electronic whiteboards, where it is controlled by a computer - this is sometimes called an interactive whiteboard (IWB). These were particularly popular in English schools in the 2000s.

Related pages
Interactive whiteboard

Writing media
learning
Biologist

A biologist is a scientist who studies biology. Biologists study living organisms.
There are many different kinds of biologists. Some of these include:

Those who study fish and ocean plants. They are called marine biologists. 
Those who study very small bacteria or Viruses. 
Other scientists study groups of animals. 
People who look at DNA in cells are called geneticists. 
Some biologists study using cells in factories and companies, and that is called biotechnology.

 
Science occupations
Future

The future is something that has not happened yet. Once that something has happened, it is called the past. If it is happening now, it is called the present. And the study of social advancement in the future is called futurology.

Movies, television shows and books that tell made-up stories about the future are often called science fiction, but there is also science fiction which takes place in the past, and fiction that takes place in the future but is not science fiction.

Basic English 850 words
Time
Particle

A particle is a tiny bit of matter that makes up everything in the universe. In particle physics, an elementary particle is a particle which cannot be split up into smaller pieces.

There are many different types of particles, with different particle sizes and properties.

Macroscopic particles are particles that are larger than atoms or molecules. They have volume and shape. Powder and dust are some examples of macroscopic particles. Nanoparticles are an intermediate size, being a very fine powder but much larger than atoms.

Atoms and molecules are called microscopic particles. Subatomic particles are particles that are smaller than atoms. The proton, the neutron, and the electron are subatomic particles. These are the particles which make atoms. The proton has a positive charge (a + charge). The neutron has a neutral charge. The electron has a negative charge (a - charge), and it is the smallest of these three particles. In atoms, there is a small nucleus in the center, which is where the protons and neutrons are, and electrons orbit the nucleus.

Protons and neutrons are made up of quarks. Quarks are subatomic particles, but they are also elementary particles because we do not know if they are made up of even smaller particles. There are six different types of quarks. These are the up quark, the down quark, the strange quark, the charm quark, the bottom quark, and the top quark. A neutron is made of two down quarks and one up quark. The proton is made up of two up quarks and one down quark.

Chemistry
Nuclear physics
Matter
?
Rosie O'Donnell

Roseann "Rosie" O'Donnell (born March 21, 1962) is an American television host, comedienne, actress, and author. She gained exposure by appearing on Star Search, a talent show.

Her daytime talk show, The Rosie O'Donnell Show, began in 1996 and ran until 2002.  She briefly hosted a primetime talk show on the Oprah Winfrey Network called The Rosie Show from 2011 until 2012.

O'Donnell won an Emmy Award in 1999. She is openly lesbian and has been married twice.  She has adopted five children.

O'Donnell was the host of the panel talk show The View on ABC from 2006 until 2007, when she was replaced by Whoopi Goldberg.  She returned to The View in 2014 for a few months.

In August 2012, O'Donnell suffered a heart attack. She hosted a stand-up comedy event that aired on HBO for Valentine's Day in 2015, called Rosie O'Donnell: A Heartfelt Standup. In the documentary, she detailed her life since her heart attack.

She has appeared on the Showtime series Smilf as the character Tutu since 2017.

In October 2018, she became engaged to Boston police officer Elizabeth Rooney. They dated for a year beforehand.

Movies 
 A League of Their Own (1992)
 Sleepless in Seattle (1993)
 Another Stakeout (1993)
 Fatal Instinct (1993)
 Car 54, Where Are You? (1994)
 I'll Do Anything (1994)
 The Flintstones (1994)
 Exit to Eden (1994)
 Now and Then (1995)
 Beautiful Girls (1996)
 Harriet the Spy (1996)
 A Very Brady Sequel (1996) (Cameo appearance)
 Wide Awake (1998)
 Get Bruce (1999) (documentary)
 Tarzan (1999) (voice)
 The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas (2000)
 Artists and Orphans: A True Drama (2001)
 Hedwig and the Angry Inch (2001)
 Last Party 2000 (2001)
 The Lady in Question Is Charles Busch (2005)
 Show Business (2005)
 Pursuit of Equality (2005)
 All Aboard! Rosie's Family Cruise (2006)
Rosie O'Donnell: A Heartfelt Standup (2015)

References

Other websites 

 Official site
 
 
 
 

Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television talk show hosts
Comedians from New York City
Emmy Award winners
Lesbians
LGBT actors
LGBT broadcasters
LGBT comedians
LGBT people from New York
American LGBT rights activists
Television personalities from New York
1962 births
Living people
American bloggers
Ass

Ass can mean different things:

Another name for a donkey
A person's buttocks (rear end)
Calling someone an ass means that they are being rude. It is considered an insult to call someone an ass.

Related pages
Jackass

Pejoratives
English profanity
Tissue

A Tissue forms part of an organ in plants or animals. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to do a job in the body. They are a group of cells having the same origin, structure and function. The cells look the same or almost the same. The work the cells in a tissue do is the same or almost the same. 

The four main kinds are:
 connective tissue
 muscles
 nerves 
 epithelial tissue 

Organs are made up of more than one kind of tissue. The heart is an organ. It is made up of different tissues. It has muscle tissue called myocardium. It has connective tissue on the inside (endocardium), and on the outside (pericardium). The heart has valves that make sure the blood goes the right way through the heart. So the heart is an organ made from several tissues. 

The study of the structure of tissues under a microscope is called histology.

Tissues
Dick

Dick could mean:
 Dick (movie), a comedy movie about the Watergate scandal, with Richard Nixon as a character

 Dick, as slang meaning:
Penis
Dick (insult), a rude person
 Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran), DIC(K)
 The Dicks, a hardcore punk band
 Carry On Dick, a 1974 film
 A nickname for Richard

People named Dick:
 Bernhard Dick, a German chemist 
 Klaus Dick, a German bishop
 Philip Kindred Dick, a science-fiction author
 Uwe Dick, a German novelist
 Dick Clark, an American entertainer
 Dick Durbin, a Senator from Illinois
 Dick Van Dyke, an American actor
 Dick Irvin, a Canadian hockey player
 Dick Cheney, former Vice President of the United States
 Dick Van Patten, an American actor and activist

Dick's could mean:
 Dick's Drive-In, a Seattle, Washington-based fast food chain
 Dick's Sporting Goods, a major sporting goods retailer in the United States
 Dirty Dick's, a pub in Bishopsgate, London, United Kingdom

Pejoratives
Names
Bitch

A bitch is a  female dog. 

It is also slang insult used to mean a nasty woman. It is possibly derived from the fact that bitch is used in other ways, however, such as in the phrase son of a bitch (also son of a gun) or bitchy.

Pejoratives
English profanity
Words
Llanfairpwllgwyngyll

Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, officially Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch (pronounced llan-vire-pooll-gwin-gill-go-gare-urch-wyn-drob-ooll-andus-ilio-gogo-goch), also known as Llanfair Pwllgwyngyll, Llanfair PG or just Llanfairpwll, is a large village and community on Anglesey, an island in Wales. In a 2018 study, it had a population of 2,999 residents.

It is situated just across the Menai Strait from the city of Bangor.

It is famous for having for the longest place name in Europe and the second-longest official one-word place name in the world, right after the hill Taumata­whakatangihanga­koauau­o­tamatea­turi­pukaka­piki­maunga­horo­nuku­pokai­whenua­ki­tana­tahu located in Pōrangahau, New Zealand. The village's official name contains 58 characters and 19 syllables. It translates into English as St Mary's Church in the hollow of the white hazel near to the rapid whirlpool of Llantysilio of the Red Cave. The village was given this long name as a publicity stunt to bring people to the village.

A 2011 survey revealed that 71% of the village's population can speak Welsh.

The village has a railway station, known as Llanfairpwll railway station. The station is known for its huge sign of the village's name and how to pronounce it. The station provides direct trains to Holyhead to the west and Manchester, Crewe, Chester, Shrewsbury, Birmingham and South Wales to the east.

Gallery

Long words
Villages in Wales
Pneumoconiosis

Pneumoconiosis is a form of occupational lung disease that is not infective. It is a progressive (gets worse with time) degenerative disorder. It is caused by air pollution in the form of tiny particles. It was common among coal miners, who inhaled coal dust regularly.

Another type of pneumoconiosis is 'asbestosis', caused by inhaling asbestos fibers. A third type is caused by inhaling very small silica particles, called 'silicosis'. All forms of pneuomoconiosis shorten life, and have no cure.

Indications:
Having worked at an occupation with dust risks
Shortness of breath
Chest X-ray may show typical signs

Long name 
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is a lung disease caused by the breathing-in of very small particles of sand or quartz dust found in volcanoes. It was first seen in the Oxford English Dictionary, in 1936. It is "an artificial long word", invented by in 1935 by Everett Smith, president of the National Puzzlers' League (N.P.L.), at its annual meeting.

Related pages 
Silicosis
Asbestosis

References 

Long words
Diseases
Something Awful

Something Awful is a comedy website and forums. The part of the website where people are paid to write comedy is called the "front page," and the part where people talk about a variety of things is the forums. People have to pay money to join the forums to talk with other people around the world. It currently costs $9.95 to join. The money they pay goes towards keeping the website online, and is said to make the forums higher quality, because members of the forums have something to lose if they are banned. Because of the comedy nature of the website, people on the forums often post to try to make people laugh instead of posting seriously.

Something Awful was started by Richard "Lowtax" Kyanka in 1999.

In March, 2008 Richard "Lowtax" Kyanka left forums management to Kevin "Fragmaster" Bowen, in order to focus on operating the main site.

Other websites
 Something Awful
 Something Awful Twitter account

References

Websites
Precious metal

A precious metal is a type of metal that is worth a lot of money compared to most other metals. Some precious metals are gold, silver, and platinum. Many pieces of jewelry are made out of precious metals.

The precious metal worth the most amount of money for the same mass is Rhodium.

Related pages
Alchemy
Noble metal

References

Geology
Metals
Jewellery

Jewellery (or jewelry) refers to any clothing accessory that is worn as a decoration. 

In itself, jewellery has no other purpose than to look attractive. However, it is often added to items that have a practical use. Items such as belts and handbags are mainly accessories but may be decorated. A broach, often worn to keep a cloak closed, could be highly decorated with jewels.

Necklaces, finger rings and earrings are the most usual kinds of jewellery.

History 
Humans have made jewellery for a long time. There are many forms of jewelry worn for traditional, social or religious reasons. Jewellery can come in many forms, worn on any part of the body or clothing. Jewellery most often are rings, chains, bead strings, pendants and piercings, worn around or on different body parts.

Creation 
Jewellery can be made from any material. The first jewellery was made from bone, animal teeth, wood or stone. Jewelry often uses gemstones and precious metals.

Fashion jewellery or costume jewellery is jewellery that is worn just for fashion, and is not made of expensive materials.

Common jewellery types
 Earrings, which is any jewellery worn on the ears
 Necklaces, worn around the neck
 Finger rings and toe rings (finger rings are usually just called "rings")
 Bracelets or bangles, worn on the wrists
 Arm rings or armlets, worn on the upper arms
 Pins or brooches, worn on clothes for decoration or keeping clothes from undoing.
 Piercings, which is jewelry that is put through holes in the skin
 Cremation jewelry such as keepsakes, bracelets, keychains, necklaces, pendants or rings

Gallery

Related pages 
Cartier (jeweller)
Teresa Heinz

Teresa Heinz Kerry (born October 5, 1938) is a Portuguese-American businesswoman and philanthropist. She was born in Maputo, Mozambique to Portuguese parents. She is the wife of United States Senator John Kerry. She was previously married to former U.S. senator H. John Heinz III, until his death. She is a naturalized American citizen. She has breast cancer.

References 

Businesspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
John Kerry
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Writers from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
People with cancer
Portuguese writers
1938 births
Living people
Museum

A museum is a building<ref>Alexander, Edward Porter et al. (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=owHSEk96qxQC&pg=PA2#v=onepage&q&f=false  Museums in Motion: an Introduction to the History and Functions of Museums, p. 2]; excerpt, "Douglas Alan, former director of the Royal Scottish Museum in Edinburgh, said that 'a museum in its simplest form consists of a building to house collections of objects for inspection, study and enjoyment."</ref> which is open to the public.   It is also the institution where things are collected and then shown to people.

History
The word, museum, originates from Musa which is the goddesses of literature, art, and science who appears in Greek mythology.

According to the International Council of Museums (ICOM), the definition of museums has changed over time.   

The oldest museum structure in the world is the Shōsō-in'' in Nara, Japan.

Today's museums are non-profit, permanent institutions in the service of society and its development.

Function
A museum acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the  tangible heritage and the intangible heritage of humanity and the environment.

Museums exist for the purposes of education, study and enjoyment.

Some museums have things that visitors can do. For example, ecomuseums exist.

Museums can be about different things such as art, national history, natural history, or science. People go to museums sometimes to learn, or to simply have fun. 

Museums with live animals are called zoos.

Exhibitions
Temporary or changing exhibits
Exhibition which selects works along with some themes, e.g., a writer, a time, an area, etc.
Permanent exhibits
Exhibition which displays the works which the museum possesses.

Gallery

Art museums

History museums

Literature museums

Natural history museums

Open air museums

Science museums

Museum ships

Related pages
Museology

References

Further reading
 Simon, Nina K. (2010). Simon, Nina K. (2010). The Participatory Museum.

Other websites

 International Council of Museums website
 Virtual Library Musems website
News

News is when people talk about current events (things that are happening right now). News Media is a portrayal of current affairs, perspectives and social influence. The news can be given in newspapers, television, magazines, or radio. There are several news channels on cable television that give news all day long, such as Fox News and CNN.  There are several news magazines, such as Time, The Economist, and Newsweek. A newsman is a person who helps out with the news. For example, Brian Gotter is a  newsman. News Media can be viewed in many forms, such as newspaper, television, and radio. 

News
Communication
Epidemic

An epidemic is a disease that spreads over a large area and affects many people at the same time. Epidemics are when a disease spreads from person to person faster than doctors can control. If the disease spreads over the whole world, sometimes it is called a pandemic.

Such diseases must be treated quickly and properly otherwise they can infect people on large scale and pose a danger to the world. It is very important that timely vaccination and treatment is provided. The study of epidemics is part of epidemiology.

Infectious diseases
Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport

The BEST or the Brihanmumbai Electricity Supply and Transport is Mumbai's public transport service and electricity provider. The government owned organisation, which was set up in 1873, operates one of India's largest bus fleets. Originally setup as a tramway company, it branched out into supplying electricity to the city in 1905, and later into operating buses in 1926. The BEST is run by the city's municipality as an autonomous body.

The bus transport service covers almost the entire city and extends its operations outside city limits. In addition to buses, it also operates a ferry service. The electricity division of the organisation is also one of the few electricity departments in India to garner an annual net profit.    Until 1995, BEST stood for Bombay Electricity Supply and Transport. After the name of the city was formally changed from Bombay to Mumbai, this was also reflected with the adjustment to Brihanmumbai, which means "Greater Mumbai".

1873 establishments
Public transport
Companies of India
Mumbai
1870s establishments in India
Olivia Newton-John

Olivia Newton-John (born 26 September 1948) is an Anglo-Australian singer and actress. Her first successful song was "Let Me Be There". The song made the top 10 on the U.S. pop chart. She has since won four Grammy Awards. Her first big acting role was in Grease. It became the most successful movie of 1978.

Early life 
Newton-John was born in Cambridge, England. Her father was Welsh. Her mother was from Berlin, the daughter of Max Born. Newton-John is the youngest of three children. In 1954, her family moved to Australia. At age 12, she won a contest at school with girl group "Sol Four". When she was 17 years old, she had her first appearance in a movie, Funny Things Happen Down Under (1965), where she sang "Christmas Time Down Under". Shortly after she was in a talent contest and won first prize, a trip to England. She got a record deal on Decca Records and released her first single, "Till You Say You'll Be Mine", in 1966.

Career 
Newton-John stayed in England and recorded a cover of the Bob Dylan song, "If Not For You". It was the song which first caused her to be well known. She released her first solo album, If Not For You, in 1971. In 1973, her career began to do well. Her first successful song was "Let Me Be There". The song made the top 10 on the US pop chart. It also earned her a Grammy Award for Best Country Female. More successful songs followed: "If You Love Me Let Me Know," "I Honestly Love You", "Have You Never Been Mellow", "Please Mr. Please" and many more.

Her first big acting role was with John Travolta in Grease. It became the most successful movie of 1978.

Personal life 
Olivia has lived in California for decades. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She had breast cancer in 1992, and recovered. She has been married twice. She has a daughter by her first husband.

She is also an activist for environmental and animal rights issues.

In May 2017, it was announced that Newton-John's breast cancer had returned and metastasized to her lower back. In August 2019, it was also reported that the cancer was at Stage IV and spread to her bones.

References 

1948 births
Living people
Actors from Cambridgeshire
Actors from Melbourne
Australian movie actors
Australian pop musicians
Australian singers
Australian television actors
People with cancer
English movie actors
English pop musicians
English singers
English television actors
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from Cambridge
Musicians from Melbourne
Naturalised citizens of Australia
Jethro Tull (band)

Jethro Tull is a rock band. They formed in Blackpool, England in 1967. The singer and leader is Ian Anderson. He also plays flute. This band was highly successful and sung songs such as "Aqualung", "Locomotive Breath", "Living in the Past" and "Thick as a Brick".

Discography
Studio albums
 This Was (1968)
 Stand Up (1969)
 Benefit (1970)
 Aqualung (1971)
 Thick as a Brick (1972)
 A Passion Play (1973)
 War Child  (1974)
 Minstrel in the Gallery (1975)
 Too Old to Rock 'n' Roll: Too Young to Die! (1976)
 Songs from the Wood (1977)
 Heavy Horses (1978)
 Stormwatch (1979)
 A (1980)
 The Broadsword and the Beast (1982)
 Under Wraps (1984)
 Crest of a Knave (1987)
 Rock Island (1989)
 Catfish Rising (1991)
 Roots to Branches (1995)
 J-Tull Dot Com (1999)
 The Jethro Tull Christmas Album (2003)
The Zealot Gene (2022)

1967 establishments in England
1960s British music groups
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
2010s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Blackpool
English hard rock bands
Musical groups established in 1967
Musical groups disestablished in 2014
21st-century disestablishments in England
Rage Against the Machine

Rage Against the Machine, sometimes known as RATM or Rage, is a rock band from Los Angeles, California. Rage Against the Machine are known for their mixing of funk, hip-hop, metal and rock music as well as their openly left wing politics. The band members have been the same since they started in 1991. The band members are rapper Zack de la Rocha, guitarist Tom Morello, bass player Tim Commerford and drummer Brad Wilk. Morello, Commerford and Wilk were also in Audioslave with Chris Cornell.

RATM released their debut album in 1992. It was called Rage Against the Machine. The album sold a lot of copies and reached number 40 on the Billboard top 200 music chart. The band did not do another album until Evil Empire in 1996. The bands third album The Battle of Los Angeles was released in 1999 and shortly after in 2000 the band released a covers album, Renegades.

References 

1991 establishments in California
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
Alternative metal bands
Musical groups established in 1991
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Guinea

Guinea, or the Republic of Guinea (), is an independent nation in Western Africa. Guinea borders 6 countries: Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone. The national language is French.  It is a member of the Economic Community of West African States.

History 
Before the Europeans arrived to Africa, Guinea was part of a couple of empires. In the 1890s, France colonized Guinea.  In 1958, Guinea becomes independent.

Prefectures and regions 
Guinea is divided into 8 regions and then divided even further into 33 prefectures. The capital of Guinea, Conakry, is a special area.

 Boké Region
 Conakry Region
 Faranah Region
 Kankan Region
 Kindia Region
 Labé Region
 Mamou Region
 Nzérékoré Region

Biggest cities 
The following are the biggest cities in Guinea, by population:

 Conakry (2,000,000)
 Labé (700,000)
 Kankan (439,017)
 Kindia (279,884 )
 Nzérékoré (247,855)
 Kissidougou (135,900)
 Guéckédou (116,541)
 Mamou (105,754)

Religion 
About 89% of people are Muslim, most of them are Sunni. 6.8% of people are Christian, most of them are Catholic.

Notable people from Guinea 
The following is a list of notable people from Guinea:

Sources 
  Guinea , in the CIA World Factbook

References

Other websites 

  Website of the Guinean governement 

 
French-speaking countries
Least developed countries
Members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
1958 establishments
1950s establishments in Africa
Pig

Pigs or domestic pigs are mammals in the genus Sus. Pigs are in the Suidae family of even-toed ungulates. 

Related, but outside the genus, are the babirusa and the warthog. Pigs, like all suids, are native to the Old World. Baby pigs are called piglets or pups. Pigs are omnivores and are very social and intelligent animals. Its ancestor is the common Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa).

The pig has stout, barrel-shaped bodies, with short legs.

The flesh of domestic pigs is eaten as food and is called pork. The Jewish and Muslim religions, and some Christian denominations, believe eating pork is wrong. Pig farmers take care that the animals do not get diseases or parasites which might harm humans.

Domestic pigs come in different colours, shapes and sizes. They are usually pink, but little pigs kept as pets (pot-bellied pigs) are sometimes other colours. Pigs roll in mud to protect themselves from sunlight.  Many people think that pigs are dirty and smell. In fact, they roll around in the mud to keep bugs and ticks away from their skin. This also helps to keep their skin moist and lower their body temperature on hot days. They are omnivores, which means that they eat both plants and animals. 

Pigs are intelligent animals. They are even able to learn how to play video games. 
Pigs are commonly used as working animals. They are used to hunt for truffles, pull carts and sniff out landmines. Pig races exist.

Care 
Pigs need a warm, clean area under a roof to sleep, and they should not be crowded. They need to be checked for sickness regularly. Pigs need lots of water. Over half their body weight is made up of water. Pigs should be given all the feed they will eat, which is usually four to five pounds a day for adult pigs. Corn is a good food for pigs, but they should also have protein supplements as well.

Pigs can be found throughout the world living on farms and in the wild, and they are also popular pets. Pigs are kept and slaughtered for their flesh, pork.

References 

Pigs
Ungulates
Fear

Fear is a feeling or an emotion. When a person has fear, they are afraid or scared. A person who fears something does not want it to happen. The fear response comes from sensing danger. It leads to the fight-or-flight response. In extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) there may be a freeze response or paralysis.

In humans and animals, fear is adjusted by cognition and learning. Thus fear is rational or appropriate, or it is irrational or inappropriate. An irrational fear is called a phobia.

Fear is the body's way of protecting itself from doing things that may be dangerous. For example, if one has a fear of jumping off a cliff, he/she will not do it. This saves one from death. In this case, fear is a good thing but in others, it can be bad. An example of fear being bad is if it stops one from doing something important, like going to see a doctor. Methods of controlling phobias include facing the fear over and over so the effect of the phobia becomes less until it stops being a phobia.

There is only a small set of basic or innate emotions and fear is one of them. The fear response helps survival by triggering appropriate behavioral responses. It has been preserved throughout evolution.

References 

Basic English 850 words
Emotions
Tongue

The tongue is the fleshy muscle inside the mouth. A tongue lets us taste because the top of the tongue is made mostly of taste buds. It also helps the process of mastication by mixing food with saliva. It is very flexible, so it also helps us eat and talk. The tongue is the strongest muscle in the human body.

Tongue rolling 

Some people can roll their tongue into a tube. The reason why some people are able to and some are not is because of genetic inheritance, meaning that it is based on whether their parents are able to do it. Many schools use tongue rolling as an example of a genetic trait.

People who can roll their tongue can sometimes make a high pitched sound by blowing through their rolled tongue.

References

Basic English 850 words
Mouth
Sensory system

kk:Тіл
Titanium

Titanium is a very strong metal that is used in special applications.  The most common isotope has 26 neutrons. Titanium was discovered in 1791 by William Gregor. It is chemical element number 22 on the periodic table. Its symbol is Ti. It has 22 electrons and 22 protons. Its name comes from the name of the strong Greek gods called titans.

Titanium can combine with other chemicals to make different materials. When titanium mixes with oxygen from the air, it forms titanium dioxide (TiO2), or titania, which forms a shell around the metal and prevents chemicals from damaging it. Titanium dioxide is a white pigment that is often used to make things less transparent, brighter, or rougher - because it does not react with chemicals inside the human body, it is safe to use in foods and other applications, like toothpaste. 

Titanium alloys are used in aerospace engineering to make very strong and light parts of aeroplanes. These alloys can replace steel because they are almost as strong as steel but much lighter. They are also much stronger than aluminium alloys, but only a little heavier, meaning that titanium parts can be thinner and lighter, while still withstanding the same forces. It does not corrode in most conditions, even when exposed to sea water or chlorine. However, it can burn at high temperatures, and like many metal powders, titanium dust is extremely flammable.

References 

Metals
James Kopp

James Charles Kopp (born August 2, 1954) is an American criminal. He was found guilty in 2005 for shooting Dr. Barnett Slepian to death in 1988. Kopp said the reason he shot the doctor was that he was against the abortions that the doctor did.

Murder of Slepian
On October 23, 1998, Slepian, his wife, and their four children came home from synagogue (Jewish church). Kopp waited outside the home with a rifle. He shot Slepian in the back through a window while Slepian was in the kitchen. Slepian's wife and son Andrew were standing in the same room with him.

References

1954 births
Living people
American murderers
American prisoners
American Roman Catholics
American terrorists
Criminals from California
People from Pasadena, California
Hedgehog

For the fictional character, see Sonic the Hedgehog

A hedgehog, also called a hedgepig or furze-pig, is a small mammal. It has between 5000-7000 spines on its back. There are hedgehogs in Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand. When attacked or threatened, it curls up. Hedgehogs eat insects, snails, frogs and toads, snakes, bird eggs, carrion, mushrooms, berries and melons. Sometimes, hedgehogs will search for earthworms after rainstorms.

Hedgehogs are nocturnal animals and they hibernate between November and March.

Description 
Hedgehogs have long spines, or quills, made of keratin. They do not come off easily, unlike porcupines, but in baby hedgehogs, the baby quills drop off and are replaced with adult quills. This is called "quilling". When they are very stressed or sick, their quills can fall off, too. Their quills are not poisonous: they are safe for humans to feel and touch, as they are not very sharp, or harmful.

Pets 
Some people keep hedgehogs as pets. African pygmy hedgehogs are the most common type that are kept as pets. They live 2-4 years in captivity. Hedgehogs are exotic pets, which means they may not be legal to keep as pets in some places.

References

Other websites

Hedgehog reference at the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
Hedgehog Facts 
Hedgehog Care and Advice 

Eulipotyphla
Display resolution

Resolution is what can qualify a monitor in computer science. It is the number of pixels displayed on a given surface.

For example: a "640 by 480 display", which has 640 pixels from side to side and 480 from top to bottom (as in a VGA display), and therefore has a total number of 640 × 480 = 307,200 pixels or 0.3 megapixels, is what is meant by 640 × 480 display resolution.

Related pages
Pixels per inch
Frequency

Display technology
Cervix

The cervix is the part of the uterus which protrudes into the vaginal canal. Its function is like that of a gate to the uterus, or womb, where the fetus develops during a pregnancy. It also allows menstrual blood to escape the uterus during the normal reproductive cycle of the female, and allows sperm to access the uterus to fertilize an ovum, or egg.

Anatomy of the female reproductive system
sexuality
Shahrukh Khan

Shah Rukh Khan (born 2 November 1965), popularly known as SRK, is a Bollywood  actor. He is also known as the "Badshah of Bollywood", "King of Bollywood" and "King Khan". He was born in New Delhi, his grandparents having moved there from Afghanistan and Peshawar. He started his career appearing on television in the late 1980s. He is Muslim and studied at a Muslim school. He is married to Gauri Khan, a Hindu, and has three children; Aryan, Suhana and AbRam. He also has a sister named Shehnaz Lalarukh. He has a master's degree. He is one of the biggest stars not just in Bollywood, but also around the world. He is also the second richest actor in the world after Jerry Seinfeld, with a net worth of over $800 million

Movies

Awards

References 

1965 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Indian movie producers
People from New Delhi
Game show hosts
Mamluk

Mamluks are members of a military caste that controlled Egypt from 1254 to 1811. Other mamluks held power in some other Muslim countries. The word means "slave" in the Arabic language and they began as slaves. In 1517 the Ottoman Empire conquered them, but Mamluks continued to be powerful. Muhammad Ali Pasha defeated them and took control of Egypt in 1811.

Other websites
 Qur'an Carpet Page; al-Fatihah is an Islamic holy book that was owned by Mamluks from the 1300s

History of Egypt
Military
1254 establishments
1811 disestablishments
Establishments in Egypt
Disestablishments in Africa
13th-century establishments in Africa
Laurent Clerc

Laurent Clerc (born Louis Laurent Marie Clerc December 26, 1785 in France - July 18, 1869) co-founded the first school for the deaf (people who cannot hear) in the United States.

Deaf people in America respected Clerc and call him the "Father of the Deaf" because he founded the first school for the deaf in America in Hartford, Connecticut.  Clerc and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet founded that school on April 15, 1817 in an old hotel.  The school moved to its present location in 1821 and is now named The American School for the Deaf.  The American School for the Deaf is the oldest school for the deaf in the United States.

Other websites
Name sign for Laurent Clerc
http://ia300102.us.archive.org/3/items/Laurent_Clerc/clerc.mpg

1785 births
1869 deaths
French educators
Ivory

Ivory is a hard yellowsh-white material made from the tusks and teeth of animals such as elephants, hippopotamuses and walruses. Ivory is now very rare and expensive since there are restrictions on hunting elephants for ivory. There are also laws against the trade of ivory. Some countries (including Zimbabwe and South Africa) argue that these laws should be removed or changed, to allow them to sell some ivory. 

Ivory has been used to make piano keys, billiard balls, handles and small ornaments. Ivory has been used in artworks, such as carvings, since ancient times. 

Ivory color  represents quiet and pleasantness.  

Natural materials
Political subdivisions of Brazil

Brazil is subdivided into 26 states and 1 Federal District (the capital city Brasília).

Center-West Region 
 
 Federal District (capital Brasília)
 Goiás (capital Goiânia)
 Mato Grosso (capital Cuiabá)
 Mato Grosso do Sul (capital Campo Grande)

North Region 

 Acre (capital Rio Branco)
 Amapá (capital Macapá)
 Amazonas (capital Manaus)
 Pará (capital Belém)
 Rondônia (capital Porto Velho)
 Roraima (capital Boa Vista)
 Tocantins (capital Palmas)

Northeast Region 

 Alagoas (capital Maceió)
 Bahia (capital Salvador)
 Ceará (capital Fortaleza)
 Maranhão (capital São Luís)
 Paraíba (capital João Pessoa)
 Pernambuco (capital Recife)
 Piauí (capital Teresina)
 Rio Grande do Norte (capital Natal)
 Sergipe (capital Aracaju)

South Region 

 Paraná (capital Curitiba)
 Rio Grande do Sul (capital Porto Alegre)
 Santa Catarina (capital Florianópolis)

Southeast Region 

 Espírito Santo (capital Vitoria)
 Minas Gerais (capital Belo Horizonte)
 Rio de Janeiro (capital Rio de Janeiro)
 São Paulo (capital São Paulo)

Politics of Brazil
Clarinet

The clarinet is a woodwind instrument.

The clarinet body is made up of the mouthpiece, barrel, upper joint, pads, keys, ring key, rod, lower joint, and bell. The clarinet has one reed. The reed is made of cane, bamboo or plastic, which varies in thickness. The reed is attached to the mouthpiece with a clamp called a ligature, which is usually made out of metal.   Blowing through the mouthpiece makes the reed vibrate, and therefore makes the noise.  The body of the clarinet is a cylindrical tube with holes.  The holes are covered by the fingers to make musical notes.  There are also buttons pressed by the fingers which allow pads over holes to open or close so all notes of the chromatic scale can be played. The buttons are usually played with the "pinkie" finger.  

One kind of keyed clarinet is called the Albert system.  Another kind is called the Boehm system. The Boehm clarinet is much used by classical orchestras and by jazz musicians. In North America and other Western countries, the most popular clarinet is the clarinet pitched in B flat. This means that if a clarinet player plays a note that is written as a C, it sounds like a B flat on a piano. The B flat clarinet is used in concert, marching, and school bands.  Musicians in orchestras also play the A-clarinet (a semitone lower), the sopranino E flat clarinet (a fourth higher) and the Bass_clarinet  in B flat (sounding an octave lower).  

A beginner clarinet player usually can play a note within the first minutes of a lesson. Making a sound with the clarinet is easier than making a sound with many other wind instruments. Most instrumental music teachers consider it to be a good instrument for young players as soon as the lower adult teeth have grown. The fingering system is very similar to the flute and the saxophone, so changing from playing the clarinet to one of these instruments is not too difficult after the student is comfortable playing the clarinet and has reached a certain level.

A famous piece that features a clarinet is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Clarinet Concerto, which has the clarinet playing the melody with the rest of the orchestra playing along. Written in 1791, it is often considered the first great composition for the instrument.

Notable players 
 Benny Goodman
 Artie Shaw

Other websites 

 The International Clarinet Association

Woodwind instruments
Independence Day (United States)

In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July or the Fourth, is a holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring the independence of the Thirteen Colonies from the United Kingdom of Great Britain. On Independence Day there are many events such as fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, picnics, concerts, baseball games, political speeches and ceremonies, and various other public and private events. These events celebrate the history, government, and traditions of the United States.

Independence Day, the only holiday that celebrates the United States, is a national holiday marked by patriotic displays. Similar to other summer-themed events, Independence Day celebrations often take place outdoors. Independence Day is a federal holiday, so all non-essential federal institutions (like the postal service and federal courts) are closed on that day. Many politicians make it a point on this day to appear at a public event to praise the nation's heritage, laws, history, society, and people.

Families often celebrate Independence Day by having or going to a picnic or barbecue, and take advantage of the day off and in some years, long weekend to gather with relatives and friends. People may also do fun and relaxing hobbies like any other day off such as swimming, fishing, boating, sunbathing, playing sports, or just kicking back and relaxing. Many stores are open on the fourth so people may go shopping. In the evening, people may launch their own fireworks. Decorations (e.g., streamers, balloons, and clothing) are generally colored red, white, and blue, the colors of the American flag. Parades often are in the morning, while fireworks displays occur in the evening at such places as parks, fairgrounds, or town squares.

On the 4th of July Americans do these things:
 Fireworks
 Hold parades
 Bake red, blue and white desserts, such as cakes and cookies
 Create 4th of July wands.

Related pages
 Juneteenth National Independence Day

References

National Days