cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Michael I of Romania

Michael, King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (25 October 1921 – 5 December 2017), reigned as King of the Romanians for two periods. He was king from 20 July 1927 to 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940, until forced to abdicate by the Communist Party of Romania. The communists were backed up by orders of Stalin to the Soviet armies of occupation on 30 December 1947. 

He was great-great-grandson of Queen Victoria and a third cousin of Queen Elizabeth II. He was one of the last surviving heads of state from World War II, the other one is Simeon II of Bulgaria.

He died 5 December 2017 of complications from leukemia in Aubonne, Switzerland at 96 years old.

Referencecs 

1921 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Kings and queens
Romanian leaders
Joe Hart

Charles Joseph "Joe" Hart (born 19 April 1987) is an English footballer. He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. He currently plays for Tottenham Hotspur, having signed a two-year deal with the club on 2020.

References

1987 births
Living people
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
English footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
Sportspeople from Shropshire
UEFA Euro 2012 players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
Premier League players
Jonathan Woodgate

Jonathan Woodgate (born 22 January 1980) is an English football player. He plays for Tottenham Hotspur.

Club career statistics

|-
|1998/99||rowspan="5"|Leeds United||rowspan="5"|Premier League||21||2||0||0||0||0||0||0||21||2
|-
|1999/00||34||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||34||1
|-
|2000/01||14||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||14||1
|-
|2001/02||13||0||1||0||0||0||0||0||14||0
|-
|2002/03||17||1||1||0||1||0||4||0||23||1
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Newcastle United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||10||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||10||0
|-
|2003/04||18||0||2||0||0||0||7||0||27||0

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Real Madrid||rowspan="2"|La Liga||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005/06||9||0||0||0||0||0||3||1||12||1

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="2"|Premier League||30||0||6||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|-
|2007/08||16||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="3"|Premier League||12||1||0||0||1||1||4||0||17||2
|-
|2008/09||34||1||1||0||4||0||5||0||44||1
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
196||7||11||0||6||1||20||0||249||8
9||0||0||0||0||0||3||1||12||1
205||7||11||0||6||1||23||1||261|9|
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||0||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||3||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
!Total||8||0
|}

References

1980 births
Living people
English footballers
Premier League players
Jermaine Jenas

Jermaine Jenas (born 18 February 1983) is an English footballer. He plays for Tottenham Hotspur and the England national team.

Between 2003–2009, Jenas is said to have 21 England caps.

In January 2016, Jenas officially confirmed about his retirement from football.

Club career statistics 

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Nottingham Forest||rowspan="2"|First Division||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2001/02||13||4||1||0||1||0||0||0||15||4
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Newcastle United||rowspan="5"|Premier League||12||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||12||0
|-
|2002/03||32||6||1||1||0||0||8||0||41||7
|-
|2003/04||31||2||2||0||1||0||12||1||46||3
|-
|2004/05||31||1||4||0||2||1||11||0||48||2
|-
|2005/06||4||0||0||0||0||0||1||0||5||0
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="4"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="4"|Premier League||30||6||1||1||1||0||0||0||32||7
|-
|2006/07||25||6||2||1||1||0||6||1||34||8
|-
|2007/08||29||4||3||0||6||2||7||0||45||6
|-
|2008/09||32||4||0||0||3||0||4||0||39||4
240||33||14||3||15||3||49||2||318||41
240||33||14||3||15||3||49||2||318||41
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2003||4||0
|-
|2004||5||0
|-
|2005||5||0
|-
|2006||1||0
|-
|2007||2||0
|-
|2008||3||1
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
!Total||21||1
|}

References

1983 births
Living people
2006 FIFA World Cup players
Aston Villa F.C. players
Black British sportspeople
English footballers
Sportspeople from Nottingham
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Premier League players
Tom Huddlestone

Tom Huddlestone (born 28 December 1986) is an English footballer. He plays for Tottenham Hotspur and the England national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Derby County||rowspan="2"|First Division||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2003/04||43||0||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|-
|2004/05||League Championship||0||0||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2005/06||Wolverhampton Wanderers||League Championship||13||1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||13||1
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="5"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="5"|Premier League||4||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2006/07||21||1||3||0||5||2||6||0||35||3
|-
|2007/08||28||3||2||0||4||1||9||0||43||4
|-
|2008/09||22||0||1||0||2||0||6||2||31||2
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
131||5||9||0||13||3||21||2||174||10
131||5||9||0||13||3||21||2||174||10
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2009||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

1986 births
Living people
Black British sportspeople
English footballers
Sportspeople from Nottingham
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Premier League players
Paris Peace Treaties, 1947

The Paris Peace Conference (July 29 to October 15, 1946) resulted in the Paris Peace Treaties signed on February 10, 1947. The victorious wartime Allied powers (principally the United States, United Kingdom, France and the Soviet Union) negotiated the details of treaties with Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Finland.

The treaties allowed Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Finland to reassume their responsibilities as sovereign states in international affairs and to qualify for membership in the United Nations. 

1940s treaties
1947 in Europe
1940s in France
1947 in law
Eastern Romance languages

The Eastern Romance languages are a branch of Romance languages. They come Southeastern Europe from the local eastern variant of Vulgar Latin. The main language in the branch is Romanian.

Romance languages
Nicolae Ceaușescu

Nicolae Ceauşescu (; 26 January 1918 – 25 December 1989) was the President of Romania from 1965 until 1989. After the Romanian Revolution of 1989 he was deposed, tried and publicly executed by a firing squad along with his wife Elena Ceaușescu. He had been the only Communist dictator of Eastern Europe who had been charged for crimes against humanity and genocide during the revolutions of 1989. As of 2021, his execution was the last one on Romanian soil.

References 

1918 births
1989 deaths
Communist politicians
Former dictators
Former members of the Order of the Bath
People executed by firearm
Presidents of Romania
Ion Iliescu

Ion Iliescu (born March 3, 1930) is a Romanian politician. He joined the Communist Party in 1953, and became a member of the Central Committee in 1965, serving in various positions until Nicolae Ceauşescu was overthrown in 1989. Iliescu was the elected President of Romania for eleven years (three terms), from 1990 to 1992, 1992 to 1996, and 2000 to 2004.

1930 births
Living people
Presidents of Romania

Mk:Јон Илиеску
Traian Băsescu

Traian Băsescu (born November 4, 1951) is a Romanian politician and former Merchant Navy officer. He was the President of Romania from 20 December 2004 until 21 December 2014. He won the office in the 2004 presidential election. Prior to becoming president, he was the Mayor of Bucharest from June 2000 until December 2004.

Traian Băsescu met with Ion Iliescu and Loran Bini at the Romanian parliament.

Presidents of Romania
1951 births
Living people
President of Romania

The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania.  The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term (since 2004, after the Constitution was modified in 2003). He or she can serve two terms. During his term in office, the President must not be a member of any political party.

List of presidents of Romania (1947-present)

Peoples Republic Romania (1947-1965) Socialist Republic of Romania (1965-1989)

Chairman of the Presidium of the Romanian People's Republic

Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly

Presidents of the Council of State

President

Romania (1989-present)
The title is "President of Romania" (). Article 84 of the Romanian Constitution forbids the President to be member of any political party during his (or her) term (only).

 
Romania, Presidents

fr:Présidents de Roumanie
Galaţi

Galaţi (, ; ; ) is a city in the eastern part of Romania, in the historical region of Moldavia. It is the capital city of Galaţi County.

It lies on the west bank of the Danube River, near Moldova and Ukraine.

As of 2016, about 304,000 people were living in Galaţi.

Sister cities 
  Coventry, England; since 1963.
  Piraeus, Greece; since 1985.
  Wuhan, China; since 1987.
  Pessac, France; since 1991.
  Limón, Costa Rica; since 1992.
  Hammond, United States; since 1997.
  Mykolaiv, Ukraine; since 2002.
  Odessa, Ukraine; since 2002.
  Sevastopol, Ukraine; since 2002.
  Yalta, Ukraine; since 2002.
  Ancona, Italy.
  Jesi, Italy; since 2003.
  Scottsbluff, United States; since 2007
  Bombay, India; since 2007.
  Brindisi, Italy; since 2007.

Other websites 

  Official site 
  Pictures of old Galaţi

Cities in Romania
County capitals of Romania
Municipalities of Romania
Historische Zeitschrift

Historische Zeitschrift, founded in 1859 by Heinrich von Sybel is considered to be the first and for a time the foremost historical journal. The creation of this journal inspired Gabriel Monod to found the French Revue historique in 1876. In 1886 the English Historical Review was founded and in 1895 the American Historical Review was founded.

Journals
Bran Castle

Bran Castle (; ) is a castle near Bran  in the area of Braşov, Romania.  It is a national monument and landmark in Romania.  The fortress lies on the border between Transylvania and Wallachia, on Highway 73. 

The castle is known as "Dracula's Castle". It was used as the home of Dracula in Bram Stoker's Dracula.

Other websites

 Official Site of Castle Bran

Buildings and structures in Romania
Castles
United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the United Nations' global development network. The UNDP is an executive board within the United Nations General Assembly. The UNDP Administrator is the third highest-ranking member of the United Nations after the United Nations Secretary-General and Deputy Secretary-General.

The mission of UNDP is to help global sustainable development against poverty and to promote democratic society. UNDP also publishes Human Development Index every year and have directed United Nations Development Fund for Women until 2010.

Related pages
 World Population Day

Other websites
 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Development
Development Programme
Organizations in New York City
Tower Center International

Tower Center International is a class A office building in Bucharest. It has 25 floors and a surface of 25.000 sqm. It is located near Victoria Square, or 1 Mai zone. At a height of 106.3 meters, it is the tallest building in Bucharest, as well as in Romania, but not the tallest structure.

Buildings and structures in Romania
Bucharest
Jordanes

Jordanes (also Jordanis, or Iornandes), was a 6th-century Roman clerk who became a historian later in life.

References 

Ancient Roman historians
Ancient Roman writers
Eutropius

Eutropius was a polytheist historian for Julian the Apostate in the late 4th century.

Writings 
Eutropius wrote a ten-book summary of Roman history called Historiae romanae breviarium between the years of 350 and 370. This is his only known writing.

Ancient Roman historians
Ancient Roman writers
Constantine VII

Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos or Porphyrogenitus, "the Purple-born" (), (September 2, 905 – November 9, 959) was the son of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife Zoe Karbonopsina. He was also the nephew of the Emperor Alexander. He wrote two descriptive books, De Administrando Imperio and De Ceremoniis.

905 births
959 deaths
Byzantine Emperors
Writers
Silent Alarm

Silent Alarm is an album by Bloc Party. It was released on 14 February 2005 in the UK. In the USA, it was released on 22 March.

Track listing 

 "Like Eating Glass" – 4:22
 "Helicopter" – 3:40
 "Positive Tension" – 3:55
 "Banquet" – 3:21
 "Blue Light" – 2:47
 "She's Hearing Voices" – 3:29
 "This Modern Love" – 4:25
 "The Pioneers" – 3:35
 "Price of Gasoline" – 4:19
 "So Here We Are" – 3:52
 "Luno" – 3:57
 "Plans" – 4:10
 "Compliments" – 4:43

The albums tracks were written by lead singer Kele Okereke and guitarist Russell Lissack. The album was produced by Paul Epworth who also produced "A Certain Trigger" by Maximo Park and "Made Of Bricks" by Kate Nash.

Bloc Party albums
2005 albums
Debut albums
Rock albums
Timișoara

Timişoara is a city in the Banat area.  It is found in the western part of Romania.  It is the capital of Timiş County.  About 332,000 people live in Timişoara.

Sister cities 
The following are the sister cities of Timişoara:

  Sassari, Italy
  Faenza, Italy
  Mulhouse, France
  Cancún, Mexico
  Karlsruhe, Germany
  Rueil-Malmaison, France
  Gera, Germany
  Szeged, Hungary
  Treviso, Italy
  Novi Sad, Serbia
  Palermo, Italy
  Shenzhen, China
  Zrenjanin, Serbia
  Nottingham, England
  Bega, New South Wales, Australia

References

Other websites 
 http://timisoara.org City of Timisoara; Homepage.

County capitals of Romania
Municipalities of Romania
Ploiești

Ploieşti is the county seat. of Prahova County. It can be found in the historical region of Wallachia in Romania. About 232,500 people were living in Ploieşti as of the year 2002.

Sister cities 
These are the sister cities of Ploieşti:

References

Other websites 

 Municipality of Ploieşti, official site

County capitals of Romania
Municipalities of Romania
Brăila

Brăila is a city of Muntenia, in the eastern part of Romania.  It is the capital of Brăila County. As of the year 2002, about 216,300 people were living in Brăila. It is Romania's tenth largest city and has a port on the Danube river.

Other websites 

 Brăila Online 
 Brăila Online

References

Other websites 

County capitals of Romania
Municipalities of Romania
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp

Bergen-Belsen was a Nazi concentration camp during World War II.  An estimated 50,000 prisoners died there, as well as 20,000 Soviet prisoners of war (POWs).  Up to 35,000 of them died of typhus just before and after the camp was liberated (freed). 

The camp was liberated on 15 April 1945 by British soldiers.  Inside the camp, the British soldiers found 60,000 people, and 13,000 dead bodies lying on the ground, unburied. The scenes were horrific.  They were described by the BBC's Richard Dimbleby, who was with the British soldiers:

Photo gallery

References

20th-century establishments in Germany
Buildings and structures in Lower Saxony
Nazi concentration camps in Germany
1945 disestablishments in Germany
Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway

The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway was an electric tramway network linking the township of Grimsby and the then village of Immingham in Lincolnshire.
It is probably best described by the American term "Inter-Urban" as it links the places in its title by a reserved way rather than through the streets.

Lincolnshire
Tram transport in the United Kingdom
1923 establishments in England
1961 disestablishments
1960s disestablishments in England
Chesterfield tramway

The Chesterfield and District Tramways Company was a tramway system in the Derbyshire town of Chesterfield.

Tram transport in the United Kingdom
Transport in England
Derbyshire
1882 establishments in England
1927 disestablishments
1920s disestablishments in England
Douglas Southern Electric Tramway

Douglas Southern Electric Tramway was a standard gauge tramway which ran from the top of Douglas Head on the Isle of Man to the nearby resort of Port Soderick atop the cliffs via a number of spectacular viaducts and bridges.

References

Isle of Man
Rail transport in Europe
Etruscan shrew

The Etruscan shrew (Suncus etruscus) is also known as the Etruscan pygmy shrew or the white-toothed pygmy shrew. It is the smallest known mammal by mass. The Bumblebee bat has a smaller skull.   

The smallest adults of this shrew weigh about 1.3 grams and are 36 mm (1.42 inches) long. This small mammal is 60 mm from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail; the tail is about 40 mm long. 

The shrew has a lifespan of 15 months. The Etruscan shrew lives in forests and brush areas between southern Asia and southern Europe. The shrew mostly eats insects.

References

Other websites 

 Savi's pygmy shrew, Etruscan shrew

Soricomorphs
Shrew, Etruscan
Shrew, Etruscan
Derby Tramways

Derby Tramway was tram system that serverd the city of Derby (then a town), England. It opened on 27 July 1904. It was closed nearly 30 years later, on the 29 June 1934.

Preserved trams
Tramcar n°1 is the only Derby tramcar preserved and is located at the National Tramway Museum in Crich, Derbyshire. This tram was used for crew training prior to the opening of the system.

Tram transport in the United Kingdom
Derby
1904 establishments in England
1934 disestablishments in Europe
1930s disestablishments in England
Ballan, Victoria

Ballan is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is a part of the Shire of Moorabool. Ballan is  north west of Melbourne, on the Werribee River. In 2006 there were 1808 people living in Ballan. The Western Freeway goes past the town.

History
The first people to live in the Ballan area were the Aborigines, the Wautharong people. The area was rich in animals with kangaroos, kangaroo rats, bandicoots, dingos, and two sorts of native cat. Many of these animals had gone by the end of the 1800s, with Europen settlement.

The first European settlers came from Tasmania, landing near Geelong, Victoria, and working their way up the Moorabool River with their sheep flocks. Robert Von Steiglitz first came to the area in 1838. He named it after Ballan in Ireland. Other early settler names included Covvie, Stead, Wallace and Egerton.

There were fights between the Wautharong people and white farmers during settlement. Robert Von Steiglitz said stated in his diary:
... it may be questioned by some feather-bed philanthropist whether we had the right to take the country from the blacks but I believe the general rule is that if people cultivate or graze the land they have a claim to it. These creatures did neither ...

Gold was found in the area in 1851. A lot of people came to look for gold. This was part of the Victorian Gold Rush. The Ballan Hotel dates from the gold rush period in 1851. The town was an important staging point for coaches going to the Ballarat goldfields. The Post Office opened in September 1853 although there were two earlier offices in the area named Ballan.

Ballan’s first primary school started on 8 January 1855.

The first Mechanics' Institute in Ballan was built in 1861. The current Mechanics' Institute built on land bought in 1881. The facade (front) of the building was taken down and rebuilt in 1922. The building houses the library for the town town and a hall.

St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church in Ballan was opened in July 1866.

On 15 November 2003 a Sprinter train going to Ballarat was derailed (came off the tracks) between Ballan and Gordon hurting  61 people when it crashed into a car on a country railway crossing.

Community
The town has an Australian Rules Football team playing in the Central Highlands Football League.
It also has two senior and three junior cricket teams in the Ballarat Cricket Association.

Festivals and attractions
 There is a Vintage Machinery and Vehicle Rally in February. It is well known for its Vintage Tractor Pull.
 An Autumn Festival is held in Ballan every year in late March.
 There is a mineral spring at Ballan.
 South of Ballan are the Brisbane Ranges National Park and the You Yangs Forest Park.

Other websites

 Ballan Online

References
George Stephenson

George Stephenson (9 June 1781  12 August 1848) was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer. He built the first public railway line in the world to use steam locomotives. He is known as the "Father of Railways". George was born in Wylam, which is in Northumberland.

Stephenson's rail gauge of 4 feet 8½ inches (1,435 mm), sometimes called the "Stephenson gauge", is the standard gauge for most of the world's railways. He also invented a miner's safety lamp, which was widely used in the north of England.

Notes 

1781 births
1848 deaths
Deaths from pleurisy
Disease-related deaths in England
British engineers
English inventors
People from Northumberland
Rail transport in Great Britain
British Rail Class D3/3

British Rail Class D3/3 was a 0-6-0 shunting locomotive built by British Rail at their Derby Works in England. It was similar to the British Rail Class 08, except they were built with different engines and traction motors. They were all withdrawn and scrapped after only twelve years of service. 

D3/3
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/5

British Rail Class D3/5 was a shunting locomotive built by British Rail at their Darlington Works in England. It was a diesel powered locomotive in the pre-TOPS period and the class was numbered 13152–13166 (later renumbered D3152-D3166).

D3/5
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/6

Class D3/6 were diesel shunters built in 1935 by English Electric for the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. They were the first of a new design of diesel shunters based on the English Electric 6K of 350 hp diesel engine. One demonstrator and ten production locomotives were built, numbered 7079 and 7069-7078 by the LMS. Three of these later became British Rail numbers 12000–12002 (previously 7074/76/79 respectively). The remainder were sold to the British War Department in 1940 and were shipped to France during World War II. Of these the first production locomotive, no. 7069, survived the war and was used in industrial service in France. It was later repatriated for preservation and is now based at the Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway.

London, Midland and Scottish Railway locomotives
D3/6
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/7

British Railways Class D3/7 were diesel shunters built from May 1939 through to July 1942 by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at their Derby Works. Like the earlier British Rail Class D3/6, they had the English Electric 6K diesel engine of . But a big change was having a "Jackshaft" type of connection between engine and wheels (like a diesel mechanical shunter). These were given LMS numbers 7080–7119. Ten were loaned to the War Department in 1941, and sold to the WD the following year. All ten survived the war; six were then sold to Egyptian Railways and four to Italian State Railways (Ferrovie dello Stato—FS). 

London, Midland and Scottish Railway locomotives
D3/7
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/9

British Rail Class D3/9 was a class of four locomotives built by the London and North Eastern Railway at their Doncaster Works in England. It was a diesel powered locomotive in the pre-TOPS period. 

J45
D3/9
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/10

British Rail Class D3/10 was a locomotive commissioned by the Great Western Railway in England, and later taken over by British Railways. It was a diesel powered locomotive in the pre-TOPS period. 

D3/10
C locomotives
Individual locomotives
British Rail Class D3/11

British Rail Class D3/11 was a locomotive commissioned by the Great Western Railway, but delivered to its successor British Rail in England. It was a diesel powered locomotive in the pre-TOPS period. 

D3/11
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/12

British Rail class D3/12 was a class of three diesel electric shunting trains built by the Southern Railway in 1937. They were numbered 1 to 3 in a separate list from the SR's steam-powered trains. They were later renumbered by British Railways 15201–15203. Later, twenty-six similar trains were built after nationalisation as British Rail Class 12.

D3/12
C locomotives
British Rail Class D3/14

British Rail Class D3/14 was a diesel-electric locomotive built by the London and North Eastern Railway at its Doncaster Works. It had a  Petter engine, and Brush Traction electricals. It was absorbed by British Railways on nationalisation, but was withdrawn in the pre-TOPS era.

DES2
D3/14
Brush Traction locomotives
C locomotives
Individual locomotives
British Rail Class D16/1

British Railways Class D16/1 or 10000 and 10001 were the first mainline diesel locomotives in Great Britain.  They were built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at its Derby Works, using the EE16SVT 1600 hp diesel engine with electric transmission, in association with English Electric and the Vulcan Foundry, with whom the LMS had had a long working relationship.

References

D16/1
London, Midland and Scottish Railway locomotives
Co-Co locomotives
British Rail 10100

British Railways 10100 was an unusual experimental diesel locomotive known informally as The Fell Diesel Locomotive (after Lt. Col. L.F.R. Fell, who was one of the designers). It was the joint production of Davey Paxman & Co, Shell Refining & Marketing Co and Lt-Col L.F.R. Fell, built for them by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at Derby. Sir Harry Ricardo was also involved. By the time it emerged in 1950, nationalisation had taken place and it carried British Railways livery. The locomotive had six diesel engines, four of them used for traction.  The auxiliary engines drove the pressure-chargers for the main engines and the purpose of this arrangement was to enable the main engines to deliver very high torque at low crankshaft speed.

 10800
Individual locomotives
British Rail 10800

British Railways 10800 was a diesel locomotive built by the North British Locomotive Company for British Railways in 1950.  It had been ordered by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1946 but did not appear until after the 1948 nationalisation of the railways. 

 10800
NBL locomotives
British Rail Class D20/2

The British Railways Class D20/2 diesel-hydraulic locomotives were built by the North British Locomotive Company in Glasgow during 1957 and 1958. Although never assigned a TOPS class as they were withdrawn before TOPS was introduced British Loco enthusiasts coined the term "Class 41".  All were named after Royal Navy vessels, hence the nameplates each bore a subtitle "Warship Class".

41 1
NBL locomotives
A1A-A1A locomotives
KVIrc

KVIrc is a multilanguage, graphical IRC client for Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS. The K in K Visual IRC was for a dependancy to KDE, which became optional from version 2.0.0.

Features 
KVIrc is able to connect to several servers at the same time (optional with SSL and/or IPv6). Unicode, ISO-8859-*-Codes, Asian and windows-native char sets are supported. A special feature is the smart encoding, which allows you to use 2 encodings at the same time; you can send unicode and read unicode and cp-1252 for example.

Additional to the mIRC-Codes for bold, underlined and colored fonts, KVIrc owns a graphical emoticon and avatar system. This feature can be turned off.

KVIrc has its own script language named KVS for extensions, addons and scripts.
Every channel, term and DCC Chat is encryptable with Blowfish or AES/Rijndael.

With split window mode, users can divide their channel window into 2, one for chat messages and one for "commands" like joins/parts/mode changes. The size of the windows is variable, so they can hide the command window.

The Socket spy feature helps developers and users to watch the raw communication between client and server to debug.

Development 
Official stable releases are not often made, but in SVN is mostly a stable version to use.

KVIrc 4.2.0 was released on July, 3rd 2012.

Related pages
List of IRC clients

Other websites
Official site 
Official forum 
Official Russian site 
Official Download FTP

IRC clients
British Rail Class 98

TOPS Class 98 has been used to cover all steam locomotives used on the mainline in Britain, but also has a particular usage for the three Vale of Rheidol Railway-design 2-6-2T locomotives that remained in the ownership of British Rail after the end of mainline steam traction in August 1968. The locomotives on the Vale of Rheidol Railway were the only steam locomotives ever officially to carry the British Rail corporate blue and the double arrow logo.

British Rail locomotives
Gatwick Express

Gatwick Express is the name of a fast train service that runs on the Brighton Main Line, a railway line between Victoria station in London and the city of Brighton and Hove in South East England, stopping at Gatwick Airport on the way. It is fast because it does not stop at any stations between London Victoria and Gatwick Airport.

A Gatwick Express train leaves London Victoria station every 15 minutes and takes 30 minutes to get to Gatwick Airport station. After arriving at Gatwick Airport, at least every other train on weekdays and Saturdays continues non-stop to Brighton railway station. At peak hours, every train continues to Brighton, but makes two stops between Gatwick and Brighton. On Sundays, all trains end at Gatwick Airport; there are no trains to and from Brighton.

Before June 2008, Gatwick Express was a train operating company (TOC) and was a franchise owned by Southern, another TOC that has trains on other routes. On 22 June 2008, the Gatwick Express TOC was closed. Now the Gatwick Express is directly operated by Southern, but it is still called Gatwick Express.

Trains
The Gatwick Express service has used many types of trains over the years. Most of them were designed just for the service.

Related pages
 Heathrow Express
 Stansted Express
 Airport rail link

West Sussex
Railway operators in London
Gatwick
Defunct railway companies of the United Kingdom
1996 establishments in England
2008 disestablishments in England
Freightliner (UK)

Freightliner Group Limited is a rail freight and logistics company, founded in 1995 and now operating in the United Kingdom and Poland. It is the second largest rail freight operator in the UK, after EWS. 

Transport in the United Kingdom
Poland
Railfreight Distribution

Railfreight Distribution was a subsector of British Rail responsible for non-trainload freight operations, as well as Freightliner and Intermodal services. In its early years the division was occasionally referred to as Speedlink Distribution. It was later responsible for freight operations through the Channel Tunnel.

British Rail
Railway companies of the United Kingdom
British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification

A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for locomotives and multiple units operated by British Railways (BR), and this page explains the principal systems. This section also covers the post-privatisation period, as the broad numbering and classification arrangements have not altered since the break-up of BR.

Related pages
For further information on individual classes of locomotive or multiple unit, see these pages:
 List of British Rail classes
 Steam locomotives of British Railways
 Locomotives of the Great Western Railway
 Locomotives of the Southern Railway
 Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
 Locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway

Related pages on BR numbering and classification include:
 British Rail TOPS first arrangement
 British Rail Regional Multiple Unit Numbering
 British Carriage and Wagon Numbering and Classification
 Route availability

British Rail
Locomotive classification systems
Motor Rail

Motor Rail was a British locomotive-building company, based in Bedford. Formed in 1911 as The Motor Rail & Tramcar Co Ltd, they built petrol and diesel engined locomotives, mainly narrow gauge. During World War I over 900 locos were supplied for use on temporary military supply railways. The trade name Simplex was used from the early days; in 1972 the company was renamed Simplex Mechanical Handling Ltd.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Locomotive manufacturers
London and North Eastern Railway

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain. It existed from 1 January 1923 until nationalisation on 1 January 1948, when it was divided into the new British Railways' Eastern Region, North Eastern Region and partially the Scottish Region.

Other websites

LNER Encyclopedia

Rail transport in Great Britain
 
1923 establishments in the United Kingdom
1948 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Metropolitan-Vickers

Metropolitan-Vickers, Metrovick, or Metrovicks, was a British heavy electrical engineering company of the early-to-mid 20th century formerly known as British Westinghouse. Highly diversified, they were particularly well known for their industrial electrical equipment such as generators, steam turbines, switchgear, transformers, electronics and railway traction equipment. Metrovick holds a place in history as the builders of the first commercial transistor computer, the Metrovick 950, and the first British axial-flow jet engine, the Metrovick F.2. Their factory in Trafford Park, Manchester, was for most of the 20th century one of the biggest and most important heavy engineering facilities in Britain and the world.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Aircraft engines
Defunct companies of the United Kingdom
Manchester
Locomotive manufacturers
British Rail Class 99

The British Rail Class 99 was a fleet of 14 ferries, mostly owned by Sealink, which carried rail vehicles between Britain and mainland Europe. When British Rail implemented the TOPS system for managing their operating stock, these ships were incorporated into the system in order to circumvent some of the restrictions of the application software. This allowed them to be counted as locomotives while carrying railway vehicles in the same way as a normal locomotive would haul a train.

British Rail
Watercraft
English Electric

English Electric (EE) was a British industrial manufacturer. Founded in 1918, it initially specialised in industrial electric motors and transformers. Its activities would expand to include railway locomotives and traction equipment, steam turbines, consumer electronics, guided missiles, aircraft and computers.

English Electric Diesel Engines
English Electric Diesel Engines was the diesel engine division of English Electric.  It built diesel engines under the names English Electric, Napier and Dorman.

References 

Aircraft companies
Rail vehicles manufacturers
Companies of England
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
1918 establishments in Europe
Locomotive manufacturers
Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company

The Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company (BRC&W) was a railway locomotive and carriage builder, founded in Birmingham, England. For most of its existence, it was at nearby Smethwick, with the factory divided by the boundary between the two places. The company was established in 1854.

References

Birmingham
Rail vehicles manufacturers
Locomotive manufacturers
Brush Traction

Brush Traction is a manufacturer and maintainer of railway locomotives, based at Loughborough in Leicestershire, United Kingdom alongside the Midland Main Line.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Leicestershire
Locomotive manufacturers
Yorkshire Engine Company

The Yorkshire Engine Company (YEC) was a small independent locomotive manufacturer in Sheffield, England. The company was formed in 1865 and continued to produce locomotives and carry out general engineering work until 1965. Mainly known for shunting engines for the British market, but also built main line engines for overseas customers.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Companies of England
 
Locomotive manufacturers
Ephesus

Ephesus (; ) was an ancient Greek city on the west coast of Anatolia, now in Turkey.  It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League.  The Apostle Paul is said to have addressed an epistle to the Christians of the city., and it is now known as the Epistle to the Ephesians in the New Testament.  The site still possesses many well preserved Roman ruins side by side with rich history.  

Most significant are the odeon, used as a concert hall and city council with the capacity of 1.500 people, Temple of Hadrian dating back to the second century where one of the best sculpture craftsmanship can be seen, Curettes Street hosting many monuments and countless colums on the sides of its marble paved ground, a fountain dedicated to Emperor Trajan where a part of a remaining statue shows us that Romans knew the round shape of the world in the first century AD, and latrines (toilets) where it can be seen how they cared about public sanity. 

Two other of Ephesus's outstanding monuments hold importance not just for their home city also for world's cultural and architectural heritage.  The first one is the library of Celsus which is located at the end of the Curettes Street.  The library looks like a two storeyed building seen from the facade but as we know it former had three stories inside.  The facade shows a rare found craftsmanship. Also the library was the third biggest library of the ancient world, after the libraries of Alexandria and Pergamon.  Anyone who stands in front of this monumental building can understand why did it take twenty years (115 AD to 135 AD) to complete it. 

The second one is Ephesus' grand theatre which had the capacity of 25.000 spectators. It was not just a place of art also as we know it was used for animal and gladiator fights.  With its great dimensions it makes one think about how small my moment in time really is.  It's one of the sacred ruins of Ephesus, according to the Acts of the Apostles (19:23-41), the theater was the site of the "riot of the silversmiths" in which those who made silver figures of Artemis the pagan godess of the city rioted because Paul's preaching was bad for business.  In the 1st century AD, the Apostle Paul spent over three years in Ephesus and he sermonized many times, disapproving pagan worship, in this theater.

Related pages 
 Temple of Artemis

Other websites 

 All you need on Ephesus, Article shown above about Ephesus Ancient City in Turkey and general information.

Ancient Rome
Je (Cyrillic)

Yeh (Ј, ј) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, used in the Serbian, Macedonian, Azeri, and Altai languages.

In Serbian, Macedonian and Azeri this letter sounds like [y]. Since the letters Я (ya), Є (yeh), Ё (yo), Ї (yee) and Ю (yu) are not used in those languages, they are written as Ja, Je, Jo, Jи and Jy.

It is also used in the Altai language to show [ʤ] or [j].

In Russian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, Й is used instead of Ј.

Related pages
J
Craniata

Craniata (sometimes Craniota) is a proposed clade of chordate animals that contains the vertebrates (subphylum Vertebrata) and Myxini (hagfish) as living representatives. Craniata includes all animals with a skull, or cranium, as the name suggests.

These two taxa lack proper vertebrae, which are characteristic for vertebrates according to the new interpretation, whereas traditionally—and confusingly—they were not (Hickman et al., 2007).

Chordates
El (Cyrillic)

El (Л, л) is the eleventh letter of the Cyrillic alphabet. It sounds like [l]. It comes from the Greek letter lambda and is the same as the Roman L. It looks like Pe, (П, п), another letter in the same alphabet but its left leg is curved.

Related pages
Lambda (letter)
L
Pe (Cyrillic)

Cyrillic letters
Bredevoort

Bredevoort is a small village in the municipality of Aalten, in the region of Achterhoek in the Netherlands.  It is between the towns of Aalten and Winterswijk. About 1,600 people live there.

Today they name Bredevoort also Bredevoort boekenstad (Bredevoort book town).  There are now more than twenty second-hand book shops in the town.

History
The name Bredevoort appears for the first time in 1188, when the earl of Steinfurt tried to sell his share of the castle to the bishop of Münster and the earl of Lohn tried to sell his share to the earl of Gelderland, a war broke out between the bishop and the earl of Gelderland. The fight lasted for almost two centuries. From 1326, Bredevoort was actual part of Gelderland. Between 1326 and 1696 the municipality of Bredevoort repeatedly changed ownership during the eighties years of war. In 1646, lightning hit the gunpowder tower of the castle of Bredevoort, causing an explosion that destroyed the castle and the town, killing Lord Haersolte of Bredevoort and his family, as well as others. Only one son, Anthonie, who was not home that day, survived. The former municipality of Bredevoort was comprised of the city, the castle Bredevoort, and the villages Aalten, Dinxperlo and Winterswijk. After centuries of war, its fortifications were demolished by its residents. In 1818, the municipality of Bredevoort was dissolved to become part of the city Bredevoort under the newly formed municipality Aalten.

Sights

 St. Joriskerk, Gothic Church with rococo chair from 1672
 Windmillmolen 'De Prins van Oranje'
 Historic centre
 19th century theehouse at the town ditch
 remains from the 17th century city gate

Gallery

Other websites

 Official website of Bredevoort
 Bredevoort booktown
 windmill Prins van Oranje
 Gondola festival in Bredevoort 
 Heerlijkheid Bredevoort, with historic items
 Reconstructions old Bredevoort 

19th-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Settlements in Gelderland
Former municipalities of Gelderland
Aalten
Plzeň

Plzeň (Czech/German: ) is the fourth largest city in the Czech Republic. About 165,238 people live there. It is in the west of the historical region Bohemia. Famous beer is made there.

Cities in the Czech Republic
Alsace–Lorraine

The Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine ( or ,  or ) was a territory created by the German Empire in 1871 after its victory in the Franco-Prussian War. It was made up of almost all of the French region of Alsace and about a quarter of Lorraine, hence its name. France took it back in 1918 and it became part of that country as a result of Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Nazi Germany de facto took it back in 1940 but France took it back in 1945.

The territory has been part of France since then. In 2016 it became part of the Region of Grand Est.

Other websites

 http://www.geocities.com/bfel/geschichte5b.html (Archived 2009-10-25) 
 http://www.elsass-lothringen.de/ 
 https://web.archive.org/web/20090730200508/http://geocities.com/CapitolHill/Rotunda/2209/Alsace_Lorraine.html
 France, Germany and the Struggle for the War-making Natural Resources of the Rhineland
 Elsass-Lothringen video 
 Annuary of Cultur and Artists from Elsass-Lothringen 

Former countries in Europe
1871 establishments in Europe
Isah Eliakwu

Isah Eliakwu (born 25 October 1985) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Varese.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004/05||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2004/05||Ascoli||Serie B||24||0||1||0||25||0
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Triestina||rowspan="2"|Serie B||16||8||0||0||16||8
|-
|2006/07||35||3||5||3||40||6
|-
|2007/08||Spezia||Serie B||29||7||0||0||29||7
|-
|2008/09||Triestina||Serie B||5||0||2||1||7||1
|-
|2009/10||Gallipoli||Serie B||4||0||||||4||0
|-
|2009/10||Varese||LP Prima Divisione||||||||||||
113||18||9||4||122||22
113||18||9||4||122||22
|}

References

1985 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
Kenta Hasegawa

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Hasegawa was educated at and played for Shimizu Higashi High School. He won the national high school championship with his teammates including Katsumi Oenoki and Takumi Horiike. He continued his study and football at University of Tsukuba where he won the Kanto University League title in 1987.

After graduating from the university in 1988, he joined Japan Soccer League side Nissan Motors. He contributed to the club winning the Emperor's Cup twice in 1988 and 1989. When Japan's first-ever professional league J1 League started, Shimizu S-Pulse was founded in his local city. He joined the club in 1992 and re-united with his high school teammates Oenoki and Horiike. He helped the club to win the J.League Cup in 1996. He retired as a Shimizu player after the club won the second stage of the J1 League 1999 season. He played 207 league matches and scored 45 league goals in 7 seasons at Shimizu.

Hasegawa was capped 27 times and scored 4 goals for the Japanese national team between 1989 and 1995. His first international appearance came on January 20, 1989 in a friendly against Iran in Teheran. He was a member of the Japan squad who participated in the 1994 World Cup qualification. In the crucial last match, Hasegawa was substituted in the 59th minute by Masahiro Fukuda and watched from the bench a late Iraqi equaliser dashed Japan's hope to qualify for the finals in the US, the match that the Japanese fans now refer to as the "Agony of Doha" (ドーハの悲劇).

In 2005, Hasegawa became a manager for Shimizu S-Pulse. The club won the 2nd place at 2005, 2010 Emperor's Cup and 2008 J.League Cup. He resigned end of 2010 season. In 2013, he signed with J2 League club Gamba Osaka which was relegated to J2 from 2013. The club won the champions in 2013 and was relegated to J1 League. In 2014, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. The club also won the champions 2015 Emperor's Cup. In 2018, he moved to FC Tokyo. In 2019, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League. In 2020, the club won the champions Emperor's Cup.

Statistics

|-
|1988/89||rowspan="3"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1||18||4||||||5||0||23||4
|-
|1989/90||11||5||||||3||0||14||5
|-
|1990/91||4||0||||||4||0||8||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="8"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="8"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||3||0||10||2||13||2
|-
|1993||36||10||4||1||1||0||41||11
|-
|1994||44||9||1||1||1||0||46||10
|-
|1995||21||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||21||3
|-
|1996||24||7||3||2||16||7||43||16
|-
|1997||30||5||1||0||6||2||37||7
|-
|1998||31||9||5||2||5||0||41||11
|-
|1999||21||2||2||1||2||1||25||3
240||54||19||7||53||12||312||73
240||54||19||7||53||12||312||73
|}

|-
|1989||11||2
|-
|1990||6||1
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||0||0
|-
|1993||5||0
|-
|1994||2||0
|-
|1995||3||1
|-
!Total||27||4
|}

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
1995 King Fahd Cup players
Alcindo Sartori

Alcindo Sartori (born 21 October 1967) is a former Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1993||rowspan="2"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||28||22||5||3||5||2||38||27
|-
|1994||43||28||0||0||1||0||44||28
|-
|1995||Verdy Kawasaki||J. League 1||38||19||2||1||colspan="2"|-||40||20
|-
|1996||Consadole Sapporo||Football League||5||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||1
|-
|1997||Verdy Kawasaki||J. League 1||16||10||0||0||0||0||16||10
130||80||7||4||6||2||143||86
130||80||7||4||6||2||143||86
|}

1967 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Mohamed Al-Deayea

Mohamed Al-Deayea (born 2 August 1972) is a Saudi Arabian football player. He plays for Al-Hilal.

International career statistics 

|-
|1990||3||0
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||0||0
|-
|1993||16||0
|-
|1994||21||0
|-
|1995||8||0
|-
|1996||21||0
|-
|1997||23||0
|-
|1998||22||0
|-
|1999||15||0
|-
|2000||15||0
|-
|2001||12||0
|-
|2002||13||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||8||0
|-
!Total||181||0
|}

References 

1972 births
Living people
Saudi Arabian footballers
Association football goalkeepers