cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Draguignan

Draguignan () is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in southeastern France.

It is a subprefecture of the department.

History
Draguignan became the prefecture of the Var in 1797, at the beginning of the French Revolution. This was even if the town was not the biggest city in the department. It remained as the prefecture until 1974 when it was moved to Toulon.

Geography
The city is at the foot of the Malmont mountain, in a valley that is about  long, from northwest to southeast. The Nartuby, a tributary of the Argens river, flows to the west of the city.

Draguignan has an area of ,  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Draguignan is surrounded by the communes Saint-Rémy, Maleville, La Bastide-l'Évêque, Morlhon-le-Haut, Sanvensa, La Rouquette, Savignac and Toulonjac.

Climate
The climate of Draguignan, in the Köppen climate classification, is Csb - Mediterranean climate with template summers.

Population
With a population in 2013 of 39,174, Draguignan has a population density is of  inhabitants/km2.

The inhabitants of Draguignan are known, in French, as Dracenois (women: Dracenoises).

Sister cities
Draguignan is twinned with:
  Tuttlingen, Germany

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Var department

Other websites

Mairie de Villefranche-de-Rouergue - Official website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Var
The Conquest of Malacca (epic poem)

The Conquest of Malacca (Malaca conquistada) is an epic poem by Portuguese poet Francisco de Sá de Meneses.

General information 
The Conquest of Malacca is an epic poem. It was published in 1634. It is one of the more noted Portuguese poem of the 17th century.

Author 
Francisco de Sá de Meneses was a poet of Baroque. He was born about 1600 and died in 1664.

Form 
The poem is written in ottava rima (oitava-rima in Portuguese). In other words it is composed of stanzas of eight lines, rhymed abababcc. The same strophe was used earlier by Luís de Camões in The Lusiads.

 Canto as armas e o grande Lusitano
 Que, desde a ocidental extrema parte,
 Aonde o Sol se levanta do oceano
 Levou das Quinas santas o estandarte
 E (castigado o pérfido tirano)
 A cidade ganhou, por força e arte,
 Do áureo reino, e trocou com pio exemplo
 A profana mesquita em sacro templo.

Story 
The poem by Francisco de Sá de Meneses tells about the batles of Malacca. The battle was fought in 1511. Portuguese forces, led by Afonso de Albuquerque, the governor of India, seized the city of Malacca. The city was a strong fortress. It controlled the strait of Malacca, which was the way to China.

Translation 
The poem was translated into English by Edgar C. Knowlton, Jr. The book was published by University of Malaya Press in Kuala Lumpur in 1970.

References

Bibliography

Other websites 
 Francisco de Sá de Meneses, Malaca conquistada at Bibliotecva Nacional de Portugal.

Epic poems
Portuguese culture
17th-century works
Roman dictator

A dictator was the senior magistrate of the Roman Republic. They were regularly appointed from the earliest period of the Republic down to the Second Punic War.

Dictators had the full authority of the state to deal with a military emergency or to undertake a specific duty. The right of the Tribune of the plebs to veto his actions was extremely limited.  However, to prevent the dictatorship from threatening the state itself, limitations were placed on his powers. A dictator had a clear sphere of authority. He had to resign once his task was done, or after six months. 

After the Second Punic War, no dictators were appointed for over a century. Then the idea was revived by Sulla, and later by Caesar. Sulla was a tyrant, and Caesar was murdered soon after becoming dictator.

The office was formally abolished after the death of Caesar, and not revived under the Empire.

References 

Roman Republic
Vargas tragedy

Vargas tragedy is one of the worst disaster that struck the Venezuelan country's Vargas state on 15 December 1999. It was a result of heavy downpour of rain, flash floods and mudslides that followed on 14-16 December 1999 which killed 10,000*30,000 peoples.This disaster led to an complete collapse of the infrastructure of the state of Vargas.

Many towns were swept away to the ocean due to the floods.Whole towns like Cerro Grande and Carmen de Uria completely disappeared. As much as 10% of the population of Vargas perished during this event.The coastal area of Vargas has long been subject to mudslides and flooding: geologically similar catastrophes occurred with regularity. The most recent major flood was in 1951, however that event did not cause as much damage.

In a 52-hour span during 14, 15 and 16 December 1999,  of rain (approximately one year's total rainfall for the region) was measured on the north-central coast of Venezuela at Simón Bolívar International Airport in Maiquetia, Venezuela. These heavy rains included  of accumulation in just one hour, between 6 and 7 AM on the 16th; precipitation on both the 15th and 16th exceeded the 1,000-year probability rainfall event. Even so, the coast received much less rain than some regions upstream.

The disaster caused estimated damages of USD $1.79 to $3.5 billion. The death toll was considered to be between 10,000 and 30,000—the exact number of casualties is difficult to determine as there was no reliable census data, especially about shanty towns and small communities that were completely wiped out; moreover, only some 1,000 bodies were recovered, with the rest swept to sea by the mud or buried in the landslides. More than 8,000 homes and 700 apartment buildings were destroyed in Vargas displacing up to 75,000 people.

References

Floods
20th century in Venezuela
1999
December events
1990s in South America
Charrat

Charrat is a municipality in the district Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Fully

Fully is a municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Isérables

Isérables is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Leytron

Leytron is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Villages
Leytron, Ovronnaz, Les Moulins, Produit, Montagnon, Les Places, Le Four, Dugny, Morthey and Lui Teise.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Martigny-Combe

Martigny-Combe is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Villages
Martigny-Croix, Le Brocard, Le Borgeaud, Les Rappes, La Fontaine, Le Cergneux, Le Fays, Le Sommet-des-Vignes and Ravoire.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Riddes

Riddes is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of Riddes 

Municipalities of Valais
Viriato Trágico

Viriato Trágico is a long poem by Portuguese poet Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas (1596-1656).

General information 
Viriato Trágico is a heroic poem, one of the most important Portuguese poems of the 17th century. It consists of twenty books. It was first printed in 1699, many years after author's death.

Form 
The poem about Viriatus by Garcia de Mascarenhas is written in ottava rima (oitava rima in Portuguese). This strophe was very popular in Portugal in 17th century. It was introduced into Portuguese literature by Francisco de Sá de Miranda. After Luís de Camões used the strophe in The Lusiads all poets emloyed it in long works. The strophe consists of eight lines rhymed abababcc. The lines are composed of ten syllables each.

 Canto um Pastor, Amores, e Armas canto,
 Canto o Raio do monte, e da campanha,
 Terror da Itália, e do mundo espanto,
 Glória de Portugal, honra de Espanha:
 Triunfante da Águia, que triunfando tanto,
 Tanto a seus raios tímida se acanha,
 Que à traição, só dormindo, o viu rendido,
 Porque desperto nunca foi vencido.

Story 
The poem tells about an ancient hero, Viriatus. He was a warrior from Lusitania (old Portugal). He was famous for his struggle for independence against the Romans. He was invincible in any battle. As the Romans could not defeat him in the open field, the decided to get rid of him by an unlawful deed. Viriatus was assasinated in his sleep.
He died, but his fame outlived the Roman empire.

References

Bibliography 
 Viriato tragico : poema heroico em 20 cantos de Bras Garcia Mascaranhas, Lisboa 1846.

Other websites 
 Bras Garcia de Mascaranhas, Viriato tragico, poema heroico em 20 cantos at Hathi Trust.

Epic poems
Saillon

Saillon is a town and municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Cities in Switzerland
SPQR

SPQR are the initials of a Latin phrase Senātus Populusque Rōmānus. It means "The Roman Senate and People" or "The Senate and People of Rome". 

It refers to the government of the ancient Roman Republic. It is still used as an official emblem of the modern-day municipality of Rome. 

SPQR appears on Roman coins, at the end of documents made public by inscription in stone or metal, in dedications of monuments and public works, and on the flag (vexilloid) of the Roman legions.

The phrase appears in Roman political, legal and historical literature, such as the speeches of Cicero and Ab Urbe Condita Libri ("Books from the Founding of the City") of Livy.

The date of first use of SPQR is not known. It first appears in inscriptions of the later Republic, from about 80 BC onwards. It last appears on coins of Constantine the Great (ruled AD 312-337), the first Christian Roman emperor.

The signature continued in use under the Roman Empire. The emperors were considered the representatives of the people, although the decrees of the Senate were dictated by the wishes of the emperor.

Similar language in more modern political and social revolutions no doubt comes from this usage. During the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, SPQR was emblazoned on many public buildings in an attempt to promote his dictatorship as a "New Roman Empire"

Roman Republic
The National Museum of Computing

The National Museum of Computing is a museum in the United Kingdom dedicated to collecting and restoring old computer systems. The museum is based at Bletchley Park in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. It opened in 2007. The building — Block H — was built in 1944. At the end of World War II it housed six Colossus computers. It is the first computer centre in the world.

The museum has a rebuilt Colossus computer. It also has an exhibition of the most complex code cracking activities that were performed at Bletchley Park during World War II. More modern computers can be seen. They show the history of the development of computing from the 1940s to the present day. The museum tries to have these machines in working order.

Although located on the Bletchley Park "campus", The National Museum of Computing is an entirely separate charity. It receives no public funding. It relies on the generosity of donors and supporters. Tickets for admission to the museum are separate from those for the other museum on the site.

References

Museums in England
National museums
Computing
Scientific organizations
Day of the Dead

Day of the Dead () is a Mexican holiday celebrated in Mexico known around the world by the skull painting face. It is celebrated by people of Mexico living in other places, especially the United States. Family and friends gather for this multi-day holiday to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died while creating an ofrenda. They do ofrenda on a altar at home and also on the grave. It is also to help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

The origin of the day of the dead comes from a mix of culture. Aztect and christian are the main influence of it. In some country people use sugar skull painting for Halloween but it is not the same celebration. Everyone is welcomed to join in on the celebration, but nearly everyone in Mexico celebrates it. The Day of the Dead is a holiday celebrated all throughout Mexico. It is a day to celebrate, remember and prepare special foods in honor of those who have died. The traditional food is the bread of the dead( pan de muertos). They use to paint their face into skull (calavera). The famous decoration is the sugar skulls the orange flowers and candle. People believe the spirit of the dead goes and visits their families from October 31 (aka Halloween) then leaves on November 2. The Day of the Dead is held every year on the 2nd of November in Mexico. It is celebrated because it is a Mexican holiday and families do it to honor their loved ones who have passed. 

That is a happy fest.

References 

Mexican culture
Festivals in North America
November events
Orville Turnquest

Sir Orville Alton Turnquest (born 19 July 1929) is a retired Bahamian politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of the Bahamas from 1992 to 1994, and the fifth Governor-General of the Bahamas from 3 January 1994 until his retirement on 13 November 2001.

Turnquest was born in Grants Town, New Providence. He was educated at the University of London.

References

1929 births
Living people
Governors-General of the Bahamas
Ivy Dumont

Dame Ivy Leona Dumont, DCMG (born 2 October 1930) is a retired Bahamian politician. She was the sixth Governor-General of the Bahamas.

She was the first woman in the Bahamas to hold this office, from 1 January 2002 (on an acting basis since 13 November 2001) until 30 November 2004. She previously served as Education Minister from 1995 to 2001.

Other websites
Official biography

1930 births
Living people
Governors-General of the Bahamas
Luis García Meza Tejada

Luis García Meza Tejada (August 8, 1929 – April 29, 2018) was a former Bolivian dictator. In 1980, he led a military coup d'état on President Lidia Gueiler Tejada. He later made himself president on 17 July 1980. He left office on 4 August 1981 after being exiled for human rights violations. Before becoming president, he worked closely with Bolivian president Hugo Banzer. 

García Meza died in La Paz on April 29, 2018, of a heart attack at the age of 88.

References

1929 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Anti-Communists
Former dictators
Generals
Presidents of Bolivia
South American military people
Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada

Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez de Bustamante (born 1 July 1930), familiarly known as "Goni", is a Bolivian politician and businessman. He served as President of Bolivia for two non-consecutive terms from 6 August 1993 through 6 August 1997 and again from 6 August 2002 through his resignation on 17 October 2003. He is a lifelong member of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR).

References

Other websites

Social and Economis Reforms of Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, personal website
Commanding Heights: [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/lo/index.html The Battle for the World Economy], PBS-WGBH
Interview with President Sancha de Lozada, from Commanding Heights, PBS documentary
"Black October Memorial: A decade of impunity" , Democracy Center
"A case for extradition: Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada and Carlos Sanchez Berzain", Council of Hemispheric Affairs
"Gallery of portraits and biographies of presidents of Bolivia" , Presidencia de Bolivia website

1930 births
Living people
Presidents of Bolivia
I'll Be Missing You

I'll Be Missing You was a song performed by P.Diddy, Faith Evans and the 112. It was in memory of Christopher The Notorious B.I.G. Wallace. He was killed on March 9, 1997. It sampled the melody of The Police's Every Breath You Take song from the 80s. As well as these artists, Sting (vocalist from The Police) joined in at the MTV Video Music Awards in 1997 along with The Family.

Formats and track listings
Single
 P.Diddy featuring Faith Evans and 112 – "I'll Be Missing You"

Maxi-single
 P.Diddy featuring Faith Evans and 112 – "I'll Be Missing You"
 The Lox – "We'll Always Love Big Poppa"
 112 – "Cry On"
 P.Diddy and Faith Evans featuring 112 – "I'll Be Missing You" (Instrumental)
 The Lox – "We'll Always Love Big Poppa" (Instrumental)

Charts

Related pages 
 List of best-selling singles

References

Other websites 
 Puff Daddy - I'll Be Missing You :: Official Video | ft. Faith Evans & 112: YouTube
 The Police - Every Breath You Take: YouTube

1997 songs
Hate groups in the United States

A hate group is a group that hates a specific group of people.  For example, a hate group might hate everyone who belongs to a different ethnic group, religion, sex, and/or sexual orientation.

Statistics
According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, as of 2015, there were 892 hate groups currently operating in the United States.  Hate groups exist in every state.

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center:
 In 1999, there were 457 hate groups operating in the United States.  
 The number of hate groups in the U.S. grew every year until 2011.  At that point, there were 1018 hate groups operating in the United States.
 After 2011, the number of hate groups in the U.S. decreased for three straight years, but in 2015 it increased by 14%.

Types of hate groups 
There are many different types of hate groups.  Of the 892 hate groups currently operating in the U.S.:
 190 are Ku Klux Klan
 184 are "General Hate" groups - including:
 Anti-Muslim groups
 There has been a 42% increase in anti-Muslim hate groups since 2014
 Anti-LGBT groups
 Anti-Immigrant groups
 Groups that say the Holocaust did not happen
 Other groups that say hateful things
 Racist music
 Radical traditionalist Catholic groups
 180 are Black Separatist
 95 are White Nationalist
 95 are Racist Skinheads
 94 are Neo-Nazi
 35 are Neo-Confederate
 19 are Christian Identity groups

According to the Anti-Defamation League, as of 2015, 21,000,000 people in the United States admitted to having anti-Semitic attitudes.  For example, 31% of people admitted that they think "Jews are more loyal to Israel than to [this country/the countries they live in].

References

Hatred
United States
SMS Posen

SMS Posen was a German battleship built in 1907 and launched in 1910. She had twelve 11 inch guns in six turrets.

The ship sailed during most of the First World War, in the North Sea. The main battle she was in was the Battle of Jutland where she hit another German ship which then sank. 

The ship served with her three sister ships for the majority of World War I. She saw extensive service in the North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where Posen was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. In the confusion, the ship accidentally rammed the light cruiser SMS Elbing, which suffered serious damage and was scuttled later in the night.

The ship also conducted several deployments to the Baltic Sea against the Russian Navy. In the first of these, Posen supported a German naval assault in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga. The ship was sent back to the Baltic in 1918 to support the White Finns in the Finnish Civil War. At the end of the war, Posen remained in Germany while the majority of the fleet was interned in Scapa Flow. In 1919, following the scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow, she was ceded to the British as a replacement for the ships that had been sunk. She was then sent to ship-breakers in the Netherlands and scrapped in 1922.

About 

Posen was 146 m long and 27 m wide. She weighed 18,873 tonnes. Her crew was 40 officers and 968 sailors, 1008 total. She had three coal engines and could go at 20 knots or 9600 miles at 12 knots.

Her guns were 28 cm wide and were in six twin turrets in a hexagon shape around the ship. She also had 15cm and 8.8 cm anti aircraft guns. She carried six torpedo which she could shoot out the front, back and sides. She had thick armour along both sides, 30cm thick in most places.

History 

Posen was first ordered in 1906 as the Ersatz Baden. She started being built on 11 June 1907 in secret. She sailed for the first time in December 1908. She cost the German government 36,920,000 Marks.

She went to Wilhelmshavenin 1910 and sailed out of there for the next 4 years. In World War 1 she spent a lot of time in the North Sea, and sometimes going down to the Baltic sea to fight the Russian Navy. She was part of the Battle of Jutland, and in the fight she hit another German ship and made it sink.

References

Bibliography
 
 

German Empire
Warships
World War I
No. 77 Squadron RAAF

No. 77 Squadron is a squadron in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). It flies out of RAAF Williamtown in New South Wales, Australia. It is part of No. 81 Wing and has F18 Hornet fighters. 

The squadron started at RAAF Pearce in Western Australia in 1942 during the Second World War, and fought in the Pacific Theatre with P40 Kittyhawks. After the war it got new P51 Mustangs and went to Japan. 

In 1950 it went to Korea to support the United Nations against North Korea. It got Meteor jets there and shot down five MiG 15s and 5,000 buildings and vehicles. 

When they went back to Australia in 1956 they got new Sabre jets. In 1958 they went to Malaya to help the Commonwealth there. They stayed there, looking after the country until 1969. Then they went back to Williamtown and got new Mirage jets, then F18 Hornets in 1987. It went to Afghanistan in 2001 and again in 2015. In 2021 it will get F35 Lightning fighters.

Jobs and planes 

The squadron has F18 Hornets which they got in 1987. They look after an area of sky in New South Wales.

Notes 

Military of Australia
Gautam

Gautam is a mythological Hindu sage (Rishi) and one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades.

The Rig Veda has several 'hymns' that go with his name. Sage Gautam is one of the greatest amongst all Saptarshis (seven sages). He was the son of Rahugana. He married to Ahalya and had two sons Vamadeva and Nodhas both themselves discoverers of Mantras. Ramayan and Mahabharatha have references to Sage Gautam as he lived during these two Yugas.

Sage Gautam's sixty-year-long penance is mentioned in the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata. He is the progenitor of the Gautama gotra.

References 

Hindu mythology
Atri

Atri is a mythological Hindu sage. He is one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades.

Hindu mythology
Piotta

Piotta is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

Piotta has an ice hockey Club, called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia".

Villages in Ticino
Ambrì

Ambrì is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

Ambrì has an ice hockey club, called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia".

Villages in Ticino
Saxon, Switzerland

Saxon is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It is famous as the birthplace of figure skater and choreographer of Stéphane Lambiel.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Saxon 

Municipalities of Valais
Trient, Switzerland

Trient is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Champéry

Champéry is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Homepage 

Municipalities of Valais
Sir Breunor

Bruenor the Black, also called the Knight of the Ill-fitting Coat, was one of the Knights of the Round Table in Arthurian legend. He was the son of Sir Brunor, the "Good Knight without Fear". His brothers were Sir Dinadan and Sir Daniel. Both were killed by Sir Lancelot. Their father had been murdered and Brunor swore to wear his father's ill-fitting coat until the murder was avenged. Sir Breunor was the lord of Pendragon Castle. He was married to Maladisant.

References 

Arthurian legend
Fictional knights
1936 North American heat wave

The 1936 North American heat wave was the most severe heat wave in United States history. It happened in the middle of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl of the 1930s.

The heat wave began in late June. It created great human suffering. It also caused drought in the Midwest and Great Plains. The lack of moisture, along with heat, destroyed huge numbers of crops.

This heat wave set records in many states, including Iowa, Minnesota and Illinois. In some states, the 1936 records were not broken until 2012. In Ohio, the temperature reached , almost tying the 1934 temperature record there.

More than 5,000 people in the United States died from this heat wave.

The heat also affected Canada.

References

Droughts
1936 in North America
1930s in the United States
Collombey-Muraz

Collombey-Muraz is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. There is an oil refinery in the municipality.

References

Other websites

 Official website 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Port-Valais

Port-Valais is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of Valais
Saint-Gingolph, Switzerland

Saint-Gingolph is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 Swissinfo map 

Municipalities of Valais
Troistorrents

Troistorrents is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 None official website of Troistorrents and Morgins 

Municipalities of Valais
Val-d'Illiez

Val-d'Illiez is a municipality of the district Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website  
 

Municipalities of Valais
La Fouly

La Fouly is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

La Fouly is in the municipality of Orsières.

It sits at the foot of Mont Dolent (3,823 m) and the Tour Noir (3,836m) in the Mont Blanc massif.

Other websites 
 Official website  
 La Fouly myswitzerland.com

Villages in Valais
Everton Kempes dos Santos Gonçalves

Everton Kempes dos Santos Gonçalves (b. 3rd September, 1982 in Carpina, Pernambuco - f. 28th November, 2016 in La Unión, Antioquia) was a Brazilian footballer who played as forward.

He made his debut in 2004 as Paraná's player and spent most of his career in Brazil.

He was named by the former Argentinian footballer: Mario Kempes.

Death 
On 28 November 2016, Kempes died along his team, Chapecoense and other passengers after the LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 was crashed near La Unión, Antioquia. It was expected that Chapecoense played the final of the South American Cup against Atlético Nacional in Medellín.

Career

Notes and references

Notes

References

Other websites
 

1982 births
2016 deaths
Brazilian footballers
Alappuzha

Alappuzha is a city in Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Alappuzha district. Alappuzha is considered as the oldest planned city in the region. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Kerala. The city is located in the coastal region of Laccadive Sea. In 2016, the Centre for Science and Environment rated Alappuzha as the top cleanest town in India.

Population
According to 2011 census the population of the city is 174,176. The male population is 83,853 and female population is 90,323. The Literacy rate is 96.2%. The languages spoken here are Malayalam, Tamil and Konkani. Most of the population of Alappuzha are of Hindu and Christian religions with a small Muslim population.

Famous places and events
Alappuzha is famous for Snake boat races, especially the Nehru Trophy Boat Race. Games of cricket, football and basketball are also popular in the city. The Kerala Backwaters of Alappuzha are the most popular tourist attraction in Kerala.
Alappuzha is most famous for its attractions. The attractions here are: 
 The Alappuzha Beach
 Ambalappuzha Sri Krishna Temple
 St. Andrew's Basilica
 Mannarasala Temple
 Chettikulangara Devi Temple
 Haripad Sree Subrahmanya Swamy temple
 Thakazhy Sree Dharma Sastha Temple
 Mullakkal Temple
 Christ Church
 Champakulam Kalloorkadu Church

References

Other websites 
 Alappuzha Houseboat Beautiful Backwaters Alleppey Kerala India; YouTube

Cities in Kerala
Zakir Husain (politician)

Zakir Husain (8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) was the 3rd President of India. He was the first Muslim president of Indian nation and also the first to die in office. Zahir Husain was the shortest serving president of India. He previously served as the second Vice-President of India and Governor of Bihar. Zakir Husain was also the co-founder of Jamia Milia Islamia. He served as its Vice-Chancellor. Under Husain, Jamia became closely to the Indian freedom movement.

Career of serving the nation
Zakir Husain was born in Hyderabad, Telangana in 8 February 1897. He became the Governor of Bihar in 1957 to 1962. Later he became the 2nd Vice President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. He served in the post from 13 May 1962 to 12 May 1967.In 13 May 1967 he was elected as the 3rd President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.He was the Muslim President of India. But his term was short-lived. He died in New Delhi on 3 May 1969 and became the 1st President to die in the office period.

References

Vice Presidents of India
1897 births
1969 deaths
Puducherry district

Puducherry district is one of the four districts of the union territory of Puducherry in southern India. The district occupies an area of , spread over 11 non-contiguous enclaves lying on or near the Bay of Bengal within a compact area in the state of Tamil Nadu.

Demographics
Puducherry district's total population according to the 2011 census is 946,600.It is said that the population roughly equals that of Fiji and US state of Delaware. Literacy rate - 86.13% and Sex ratio is 1031 per 1000 males.

Divisions
For administrative purpose, the union territory of Puducherry is divided into eight taluks.Some are Puducherry taluk, Villianur taluk, Ozhukarai taluk and Bahour taluk. Among these Ozhukarai taluk is the only taluk without rural areas.Puducherry taluk's rural area is covered in a commune named Ariyankuppam.Villianur taluk has two rural communes namely Mannadipet and Villianur. Bahour taluk consists of two rural communes namely Bahour and Nettapakkam.

Reference

Puducherry
Yellowstone fires of 1988

The Yellowstone fires of 1988 were the largest wildfires in the history of the Yellowstone National Park. They began as smaller individual fires. They spread quickly out of control. The fires were made worse by increasing wind and severe drought in the Western United States.

The fires burned for several months. On September 8, 1988, the entire park was closed to all non-emergency people for the first time in its history. The arrival of cool and moist weather in the late autumn brought the fires to an end.

References

1980s fires
1988 establishments in the United States
Natural disasters in the United States
Chennai district

Chennai district, formerly known as Madras district, was one of the 32 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is the smallest district of Tamil Nadu but has the highest population density. Most of the Chennai Metro region comes under this district.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the population of the Chennai district is 4,646,732. The male population is 2,335,844 and female population is 2,310,888. The literacy rate is 90.18%. The density of population in this district is 26,553 people per square kilometre. The sex ratio is 989 females per 1000 males.

Administrative divisions
Chennai district is divided into various taluks for administration purposes. They are:

Geographical area
The total area of the Chennai district is . The district is in the Coromandel coast of the Bay of Bengal. The Guindy National Park region covers  of reserved forest. The waterways here are the Cooum River, Adyar River, Buckingham Canal and Otteri Nullah stream.

References
Thanjavur district

Thanjavur district is one of the district is known as the "Granary of South India" and "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". This is one of the important district for the Tamil Nadu agriculture and economy.

Population
The Thanjavur district's total population is 2,405,890 according to Census of 2011. Literacy rate is 74.44%. The sex ratio is 1035 per 1000 males.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes consist of 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively.

Agriculture and Tourism
The Thanjavur district is famously known as the "Granary of South India", since the rule of Chola dynasty.This district lies at the Kaveri delta region, the most fertile region in the Tamil Nadu state. The district is the main rice producing region in the state and therefore known as "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu".  Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district. Farmers also grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu.

Reference

Thanjavur district
Cuddalore district

Cuddalore district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Cuddalore city is the headquarters of the Cuddalore district. It was the mostly affected district in the 2015 South Indian floods along with Chennai district. Cuddalore is on the sea shore, so most of the cyclones affecting Tamil Nadu hit this district.

Geography
The district area is 3,564km². It is bounded on the north by Viluppuram District, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Nagapattinam District, and on the west by Perambalur District. The district is drained by Gadilam River and Pennaiyar River in the north, Vellar River and Kollidam River in south.

Economy
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Cuddalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of Districts of 640). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Demographics
According to 2011 census of India, Cuddalore district had a population of 2,605,914 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males. A total of 279,950 were under the age of six, constituting 147,644 males and 132,306 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 29.32% and 0.6% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 69.66%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.

Reference

Cuddalore district
Manchester Metropolitan University

The Manchester Metrropolitain University is the fourth largest university in the United Kingdom (UK).

Universities in England
Vionnaz

Vionnaz is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Valais
Vouvry

Vouvry is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Valais
Ausserberg

Ausserberg is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Ausserberg 

Municipalities of Valais
Norfolk (disambiguation)

Norfolk could mean:
Norfolk, a county in south-east England
Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada
Norfolk, Virginia, a city in the United States

Related pages
Arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department

There are 3 arrondissements in the Indre-et-Loire department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Indre-et-Loire are:

History
Since its creation, the Indre-et-Loire department has had few changes:
 1790 : creation of the department with seven districts: Tours, Amboise, Château-Renault, Loches, Chinon, Preuilly and Langeais; the capital was Tours.
 1800 : creation of three arrondissements: Chinon, Loches and Tours.
 1926 : the arrondissement of Loches was eliminated.
 1943 : Loches was made again an arrondissement.

Related pages
List of arrondissements of France

References

Indre-et-Loire
Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991

An independence referendum was held in Azerbaijan on 29 December 1991, three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The result was 99.8% in favor, with turnout reported to be 95.3%.

Results

References

Soviet Union
1991 in Europe
1990s in Azerbaijan
Politics of Azerbaijan
1991 in Asia
Arrondissement of Tours

The arrondissement of Tours is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region. Its capital is the city of Tours.

History
When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Tours was part of that original department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Tours is the northern half of the Indre-et-Loire department. It is bordered to the north and east by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the southeast by the Loches arrondissement, to the southwest by the Chinon arrondissement, to the west by the Maine-et-Loire department and to the northwest by the Sarthe department.

The arrondissement of Tours is the largest arrondissement of the department in area, , and the one with more people living in it with 466,232 inhabitants.

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

The cantons of the arrondissement of Tours are:

 Amboise (3701)
 Ballan-Miré (3702)
 Bléré (3703)
 Château-Renault (3704)
 Joué-lès-Tours (3707)
 Langeais (3708) (partly)
 Montlouis-sur-Loire (3710)
 Monts (3711)
 Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire (3712)
 Saint-Pierre-des-Corps (3714)
 Tours-1 (3715)
 Tours-2 (3716)
 Tours-3 (3717)
 Tours-4 (3718)
 Vouvray (3719)

Communes
The arrondissement of Tours has 54 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː

 Artannes-sur-Indre (37006)
 Azay-le-Rideau (37014)
 Azay-sur-Cher (37015)
 Ballan-Miré (37018)
 Berthenay (37025)
 Bréhémont (37038) 
 Chambray-lès-Tours (37050)
 Chançay (37052)
 Chanceaux-sur-Choisille (37054)
 La Chapelle-aux-Naux (37056)
 Cheillé (37067)
 Druye (37099)
 Esvres (37104)
 Fondettes (37109)
 Joué-lès-Tours (37122)
 Larçay (37124)
 Lignières-de-Touraine (37128)
 Luynes (37139)
 La Membrolle-sur-Choisille (37151)
 Mettray (37152)
 Monnaie (37153)
 Montbazon (37154)
 Montlouis-sur-Loire (37156)
 Monts (37159)
 Notre-Dame-d'Oé (37172)
 Parçay-Meslay (37179)
 Pont-de-Ruan (37186)
 Reugny (37194)
 La Riche (37195)
 Rigny-Ussé (37197)
 Rivarennes (37200)
 Rochecorbon (37203)
 Saché (37205)
 Saint-Avertin (37208)
 Saint-Branchs (37211)
 Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois (37212)
 Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire (37214)
 Saint-Étienne-de-Chigny (37217)
 Saint-Genouph (37219)
 Saint-Pierre-des-Corps (37233)
 Savonnières (37243)
 Sorigny (37250)
 Thilouze (37257)
 Tours (37261)
 Truyes (37263)
 Vallères (37264)
 Veigné (37266)
 Véretz (37267)
 Vernou-sur-Brenne (37270)
 Villaines-les-Rochers (37271)
 Villandry (37272)
 La Ville-aux-Dames (37273)
 Villeperdue (37278)
 Vouvray (37281)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Tours
West Indian manatee

The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) or "sea cow"  is a manatee. It is the largest living member of the order Sirenia (which also includes dugongs and the extinct Steller's sea cow).

The West Indian manatee is a different species from the Amazonian manatee (T. inunguis) and the African manatee (T. senegalensis). The West Indian manatee is in two subspecies, the Florida manatee (T. m. latirostris) and the Antillean or Caribbean manatee (T. m. manatus). New research shows that there may be three groups:
 Florida and the Greater Antilles
 Mexico, Central America and northern South America
 Northeastern South America.

The Florida manatee and the Antillean manatee are endangered. Federal, state, private, and nonprofit organizations are working to protect these species from natural and human threats, such as collisions with boat propeller blades.

References

Sirenia
Xeroderma pigmentosum

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genetic disorder.

Ultraviolet (UV) light damages the DNA in skin cells. Normally the DNA damage is repaired. But if a person has a defective repair gene,  the DNA is not repaired.

Consequences 
This disease causes the skin to be sensitive to sunlight. A person with this disorder must always stay out of the sun, or they will get a sunburn. People with this disease are often called a "Moon child" because they can only go outside during the night. This disease is present in both genders and in all races, with one in 250,000 people living in the US having this disease. A Japanese person is about six times more likely to have this disease.

This disorder is found in one in 250,000 people. People with xeroderma pigmentosum are about 1,000 times more likely to get skin cancer.

There is no cure for xeroderma pigmentosum. The symptoms can be minimized if you do not go outside into sunlight. Fewer than 40% of individuals with the disease survive beyond the age of 20. Some XP victims with less severe cases do manage to live well into their 40s.

People that have xeroderma pigmentosum are sensitive to UV light from the sun, and have dry, flaking skin and pigmented spots that can become skin cancer. 

Other symptoms include:
 Sunburn when in sunlight.
 Making of freckles at a young age
 Skin cancer
 Eyes that are sensitive to the sun and are irritated and clouded
 Blistering of the skin
 Limited growth of hair on the chest and legs
 Dry, scaly skin

The most important part of treatment is avoiding going into sunlight.  You may have to wear protective clothes and wear sunscreen.

Technical note 
XP can be caused by mutations in any one of eight genes. Seven of these genes help repair of ultraviolet-induced photoproducts.

References 

Genetic disorders
James Bradley

James Bradley FRS (1693 – 13 July 1762) was an English astronomer. He was born in Sherborne, Gloucestershire, England. Bradley was educated at Northleach Grammar School and at Balliol College, Oxford. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1714 and a Master of Arts in 1717. 

He became a member of the clergy and received an income at Bridstow in Herefordshire. Because of his friendship with Edmond Halley, in 1718 he was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society. He gave up his living at Bridstow to become a professor at Oxford in 1721. Bradley succeeded Edmond Halley as Astronomer Royal at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in 1742. He held this post until his death in 1762.

In 1729 he published his discovery of the aberration of light (also called astronomical aberration). This was he first observational proof of the Copernican Hypothesis that the Sun is at the centre of the Solar System and not the Earth. He noticed a motion in the stars that did not fit the accepted pattern of the time. What he discovered was stellar aberration. In 1748 he published his discovery. That same year he was awarded the Copley Medal from the Royal Society for his discovery.

References 

1693 births
1762 deaths
English astronomers
1962 Stanley Cup Finals

The 1962 Stanley Cup Finals was played between the defending champion Chicago Black Hawks and the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs were also in the Final in 1960. The Maple Leafs would win the best-of-seven series four games to two to win the Stanley Cup. This was their first win since 1951.

References 

Stanley Cup Finals
Toronto Maple Leafs
Chicago Blackhawks
1962 in ice hockey
1962 in the United States
1960s in Chicago
1960s in Canada
Betten

Betten is a former municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Betten and Martisberg merged into the new municipality of Bettmeralp.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Former municipalities of Valais
Silesian Wikipedia

Silesian Wikipedia is the Silesian language edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 26 May 2008.

In October 2010 the Silesian Wikipedia was mentioned as one of the arguments for Silesian to become one of the regional languages in Poland.

2008 establishments
Wikipedias
Eshtaol Forest

The Eshtaol Forest is a forest in Israel, located north of Beit Shemesh and near Ta'oz and Neve Shalom. The Forest of the Martyrs lies to the east. The forest is a popular recreation area and is one of the largest forests in Israel. The forest (like most other forests in Israel) was planted in by the Jewish National Fund, which continues to expand it. The forest covers an area of .

Related pages
List of forests in Israel 
Jerusalem Forest
Yatir Forest
Jewish National Fund

Other websites

Jewish National Fund website

Forests
Geography of Israel
Ganges Delta

The Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta is a  river delta in the South Asia region of Bangladesh and in West Bengal, India. It is the world's largest delta.

The delta is also known as the Brahmaputra Delta, the Sunderbans Delta, or the Bengal Delta. Because it is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, it is called The Green Delta.

The Ganges Delta empties into the Bay of Bengal. It is approximately  across at the Bay of Bengal.. The floodplain is from three rivers: Ganges, the Brahmaputra River and the Meghna River.

The delta stretches from the Hooghly River on the west to the Meghna River on the east.  In India Kolkata and Haldia are the main seaports. In Bangladesh the main seaports are the Port of Mongla and Chittagong.

References

River deltas
Piedmontese Wikipedia

Piedmontese Wikipedia is the Piedmontese language edition of Wikipedia. Piedmontese is a Romance language spoken by over 1 million people in Piedmont, northwest Italy.

Wikipedias
Latvian Wikipedia

Latvian Wikipedia is the Latvian edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 6 June 2003.

Milestones

Notes

References

Websites established in 2003
Wikipedias
Bosnian Wikipedia

Bosnian Wikipedia is the Bosnian language edition of Wikipedia. It was started on 12 December 2002.

Websites established in 2002
Wikipedias
Luxembourgish Wikipedia

Luxembourgish Wikipedia is the Luxembourgish language edition of Wikipedia.

Wikipedias
Neapolitan Wikipedia

Neapolitan Wikipedia is the Neapolitan language edition of Wikipedia.  Neapolitan is the language of much of southern continental Italy.

Wikipedias