cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Dmitriy Muserskiy

Dmitriy Muserskiy (born 29 October 1988) is a Russian volleyball player. He is originally from Ukraine. He is a member of the Russian men's national volleyball team and the Russian club Belogorie Belgorod. He competed in the Olympic Games in 2012, European Championships in 2013, the World Cup in 2011, and the World League.

Other websites
 FIVB Heroes profile 

Russian volleyball players
1988 births
Living people
Sergey Tetyukhin

Sergey Yuryevich Tetyukhin (; born 23 September 1975) is a Russian volleyball player. He was born in Fergana, Uzbekistan. He is 1.97 m tall, and plays as passer-attacker. 

Together with Samuele Papi, he is one of only two male volleyball players who have won four Olympic medals. Tetyukhin is the only volleyball player in the world (male or female) with four Olympic medals who has all three types of those medals. He won a gold medal at the London Olympics.

Other websites 
 FIVB Profile
 sports-reference 
 Last Man Standing: Russian hero Sergey Tetyukhin

References

Russian volleyball players
1975 births
Living people
Sergio Santos

Sérgio Dutra Santos (born 15 October 1975 in Diamante do Norte) is a Brazilian professional volleyball player. He is also known as Serginho or Escadinha. He plays in the libero position. In 2009 he became the first Libero to be named MVP in the World League.

Overview 
He is widely regarded as one of the best liberos of all time and is unquestionably the best libero of the 2000s, with more awards than any other libero. Known for his service reception and digging skills, teams often attempted to avoid Sergio when serving. 

Beyond his defensive abilities, he was also capable of running the offense as a 'second setter' if the setter was forced to make the first contact. This was in large part due to Sergio playing the setting position while growing up and subbing in as a setter for his professional club teams over the years.

Other websites
 FIVB Profile
 Scheda su Legavolley.it

Brazilian volleyball players
1975 births
Living people
Nikola Grbić

Nikola Grbić (; born September 6, 1973) is a Serbian retired volleyball player. He was a member of the Yugoslavian national team from 1995 to 2003, Serbia and Montenegro from 2003 to 2006 and Serbia from 2006 to 2010. He won a gold medal at the Olympic Games in Sydney 2000, bronze at the Olympic Games in Atlanta 1996. He also competed in the Olympic Games in Athens 2004 and Beijing 2008. He has won several medals at the World Championships, European Championships and World League, Italian Championships (2008, 2010), Russian Championships (2014). He was later head coach of the Serbian men's national team.

Other websites
 LegaVolley player profile

1973 births
Living people
2004 Summer Olympics
2008 Summer Olympics
Coaches
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists
Olympic gold medalists
Serbian sportspeople
Volleyball players
Ruanzhi tea

Ruan Zhi is a kind of oolong tea. It is also known as Qingxin. It is from Anxi in Fujian Province, China.

References
 Ruanzhi on Babelcarp

Tea
Jujube

Ziziphus jujuba, commonly known as the jujube, is a species of Ziziphus. It is in the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae). It is used mainly as a shade tree which also bears fruit.

References 

Plants of Asia
Rhamnaceae
William Barclay Foster

William Barclay Foster (1779 - 1855) was the father of Stephen Foster, a well-known American songwriter. William was an important businessman in his time. Some people have written about him and have called him one of the most prosperous merchants of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He worked in the state of Pennsylvania as a state legislator. He was also elected mayor of Allegheny City two times. (Allegheny City is now part of the city of Pittsburgh.) He married Eliza Clayland Tomlinson on November 14, 1807, in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.

His father James Foster, was born in 1779 in Berkeley County, Virginia. At the end of the Revolutionary War, he and his family moved to western Pennsylvania with other Scottish and Irish families. James Foster was one of the founders and original trustees of Canonsburg Academy, a school founded in 1791. William attended the academy until he was sixteen. He moved to Pittsburgh shortly after the city's incorporation along the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers. William Foster went to work for the company Denny and Bellen, "Dry Goods, Hardware, etc." He represented the company, was promoted to a partner, and traveled to many places.

References

1779 births
1855 deaths
Businesspeople from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Ferndale, Michigan

Ferndale is a city in Oakland County, Michigan. It is part of the Detroit metropolitan area.

Cities in Michigan
Web Entertainment

Web Entertainment is a record label based in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is run by the Bass Brothers. It is known for being the first label that signed Eminem.

American record labels
Companies based in Michigan
USS New Jersey (BB-16)

USS New Jersey (BB-16) was the fourth of five Virginia-class battleships of the United States Navy. She was originally going to be named the USS Virginia.  She was built at the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy, Massachusetts in May 1902. She was launched in November 1904. After sea trials she was commissioned into the fleet in May 1906. The ship was armed with an offensive battery of four  guns and eight  guns. She was capable of a top speed of . New Jersey was  long, had 23,000 horsepower and was built at a cost of $3,405,000.

New Jersey spent her entire career in the Atlantic Fleet. In late 1906, she took part in the Second Occupation of Cuba. She participated in the Jamestown Exposition in April – May 1907. At the end of the year, she joined the Great White Fleet for its circumnavigation of the globe, which lasted into 1909. The ship spent the following five years conducting peacetime training. In April 1914, New Jersey took part in the occupation of Veracruz during the Mexican Revolution. During World War I, she was used as a training ship. After the war, she was tasked with transporting American soldiers back from Europe. New Jersey was decommissioned in 1920 and slated for destruction in bombing tests in 1923. New Jersey was sunk on 5 September 1923 off Cape Hatteras as a target ship.

References 

1904 establishments in the United States
1923 disestablishments
1920s disestablishments in the United States
Naval ships of the United States
United States Navy
Pacific Time Zone

The Pacific Time Zone is one of the time zones in the world. It is based on the mean solar time of the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. Normally, its time is 8 hours before Coordinated Universal Time. The time zone is in the United States, Canada and Mexico. The biggest city in the zone is Los Angeles, California; its metropolitan area is the largest in the zone. During Daylight Savings Time, the Pacific Time Zone is represented by UTC−7. 

This time zone is called Pacific Time (PT) During Winter it is Pacific Standerd Time (PST) which is UTC-8 and in summer it is Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) which is UTC-7.

Places that are in Pacific Time Zone

Canada

All of Yukon, Tungsten, Northwest Territories and Most of British Columbia

United States

It includes the entire states of Washington and California

It also contains most of Oregon and Nevada

Parts of the Idaho Panhandle are part of the Pacific Time Zone

Mexico

Baja California Norte uses Pacific Time Zone
Time zones
Ooid

An ooid is a small rounded sedimentary rock. Like sand grains, ooids have a diameter of 2 mm or less. Larger grains formed the same way as ooids are called pisoids. Rock made of ooids is oolite.

References

Sedimentary rocks
2015 San Bernardino shooting

The 2015 San Bernardino shooting was a mass shooting in San Bernardino, California. It started at 10:59 a.m. Pacific Standard Time (PST) on December 2, 2015. At least fourteen people were killed and seventeen were wounded. It happened at the Inland Regional Center. The shooters may have targeted a banquet hosted by San Bernardino County Department of Public Health. The shooters left in an SUV.

The two suspected shooters, one woman and one man, Tashfeen Malik and Syed Rizwan Farook, were killed by police during a gunfight.

References

2015 in California
2015 murders in the United States
2010s crimes in California
December events
Islamic terrorist incidents in 2015
Islamic terrorist incidents in the United States
Mass murder in California
Mass shootings in California
Massacres in the United States
Murders by firearm in California
San Bernardino, California
Abduction (logic)

Abduction is the kind of practical logic which answers questions of the type "how did this come about?". It produces answers which are not guaranteed to be correct. Consider the observation that the lawn is wet in the morning. How did that happen? In London, the answer is most often that it rained. But in Los Angeles it is much more likely that someone left the sprinkler on.

Abduction is logical inference which goes from an observation to a theory which accounts for the observation. It makes the simplest and most likely explanation. In abductive reasoning, unlike in deductive reasoning, the premises do not guarantee the conclusion. Abductive reasoning is "inference to the best explanation".

The philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) introduced abduction into modern logic.

References 

Logic
Linezolid

Linezolid is an antibiotic. It can heal serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria that other antibiotics are do not heal. Linezolid is active against most Gram-positive bacteria which cause disease, like streptococci and MRSA. It is mainly used to treat infections of the skin and pneumonia.

It is relatively safe to take linezolid for short periods. It can be used in people of all ages and in people with liver disease or poor kidney function. Common harmful effects of short-term use include headache, diarrhea, and nausea. Long-term use, however, has been associated with more serious harmful effects.

Linezolid was discovered in the 1990s by a team at Pharmacia & Upjohn Company. It was first approved for use in 2000. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, which is a list of medications needed in a basic health system. Linezolid costs approximately US$100 per tablet in the United States.

Society and culture

Brand names 
Linezolid is marketed by Pfizer under the trade names Zyvox (in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and several other countries), Zyvoxid (in Europe), and Zyvoxam (in Canada and Mexico). Generics are also available, such as Linospan/Lizomed (in India), Nezocin (in Pakistan), and Linzolid (in Bangladesh, by Incepta).

References 

Antibiotics
Cheshire, Massachusetts

Cheshire is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2010 census, 3,235 people lived in Cheshire.

References

Towns in Massachusetts
Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Jenna Dewan

Jenna Lee Dewan Tatum (born December 3, 1980) is an American actress and dancer. She began her career as a backup dancer for Janet Jackson. Later she worked with artists including Pink, Missy Elliott, and Christina Aguilera. She is known for her role as Nora in the 2006 film Step Up for which she won a Teen Choice Award. She has also starred on the short-lived NBC series The Playboy Club. Tatum had a recurring role on the FX series American Horror Story: Asylum. She was Freya Beauchamp on the Lifetime series Witches of East End. Dewan has been married to actor Channing Tatum since 2009.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Actors from Hartford, Connecticut
American dancers
American movie actors
American television actors
1980 births
Living people
Pittsfield, Massachusetts

Pittsfield is a city in Massachusetts, United States.  It is the largest city and the county seat of Berkshire County. It is the main city of the Pittsfield Metropolitan Statistical Area which includes all of Berkshire County. The population was 44,737 at the 2010 census.

References

County seats in Massachusetts
Cities in Massachusetts
Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Sandy Berger

Samuel Richard "Sandy" Berger (October 28, 1945 – December 2, 2015) was an American political consultant of Jewish descent. He served as the United States National Security Advisor for President Bill Clinton from March 14, 1997 until January 20, 2001. Before that, he served as the Deputy National Security Advisor for the Clinton Administration from January 20, 1993 until March 14, 1997.

In 2005, Berger got a fine of $50,000 and had to do 100 hours of community service because he had taken documents from the National Archives in Washington although he wasn't allowed to do this.

Sandy Berger died of cancer of unknown primary origin in Washington, D.C. on December 2, 2015, aged 70.

References

1945 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
Lawyers from New York
American lobbyists
Cancer deaths in Washington, D.C.
Cornell University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American criminals
Jewish American politicians
Jewish lawyers
Politicians from New York
United States National Security Advisors
US Democratic Party politicians
Robert E. Glennen

Robert Eugene Glennen, Jr., PhD (March 31, 1933 – December 1, 2015) was an American education administrator. He served as Emporia State University's thirteenth president in Emporia, Kansas. Before president of Emporia State, Glennen also served as the tenth president at Western New Mexico University, many administrative jobs at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and the University of Notre Dame.

Glennen was born in Billings, Montana. He died in Las Vegas, Nevada at the age of 82.

References

1933 births
2015 deaths
Educators from Montana
People from Billings, Montana
Educators from Las Vegas, Nevada
Educators from Kansas
Joseph Engelberger

Joseph Frederick Engelberger (July 26, 1925 – December 1, 2015) was an American physicist, engineer and entrepreneur. Engelberger created the first industrial robot in the United States, the Unimate, in the 1950s. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Later, he worked as entrepreneur and vocal advocate of robotic technology beyond the manufacturing plant in a variety of fields, including service industries, health care, and space exploration. He has been called "the father of robotics" for his works to the field.

Engelberger died in Newtown, Connecticut from complications following a stroke at the age of 90.

References

1925 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American physicists
Engineers from New York
Scientists from New York City
Scientists from Connecticut
Businesspeople from New York City
Businesspeople from Connecticut
Jim Loscutoff

James "Jim" Loscutoff Jr (February 4, 1930 – December 1, 2015) was a professional American basketball player for the NBA. He played for the Boston Celtics from 1955 through 1964. He was a forward. Loscutoff played on seven Celtics championship teams between 1956 and 1964. He was born in San Francisco, California.

Loscutoff died in Naples, Florida from complications of pneumonia and Parkinson's disease at the age of 85.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
Boston Celtics players
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Florida
Sportspeople from San Francisco
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Suffolk County, Massachusetts

Suffolk County is a county in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. 767,254 people lived there in 2014. Its county seat is Boston, the state capital and largest city.

Massachusetts counties
1643 establishments
1640s establishments in Massachusetts
Middlesex (disambiguation)

Middlesex is a former county in southeast England.

Places

Belize

Middlesex, Belize, a village in Stann Creek District, Belize

Canada

Middlesex County, Ontario

Jamaica

Middlesex County, Jamaica

United Kingdom

Middlesex County Cricket Club
Middlesex University
Middlesex (UK Parliament constituency)

United States

Middlesex, New Jersey
Middlesex, New York
Middlesex, North Carolina
Middlesex, Vermont
Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania
Middlesex Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Middlesex School, Concord, Massachusetts
Middlesex Canal, Massachusetts
Middlesex County, Connecticut
Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Middlesex County, New Jersey
Middlesex County, Virginia
Carthage, Missouri

Carthage is a city in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 14,378 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Jasper County. It is nicknamed "America's Maple Leaf City."

References

County seats in Missouri
Cities in Missouri
Jasper County, Missouri
Jasper County, Missouri

Jasper County is a county in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 117,404. Its county seat is Carthage. Its largest city is Joplin. The county was formed in 1841. It was named for William Jasper, a hero of the American Revolutionary War.

References

 
1841 establishments in Missouri
Jasper County

Jasper County is the name of eight counties in the United States.

 Jasper County, Georgia
 Jasper County, Illinois
 Jasper County, Indiana
 Jasper County, Iowa
 Jasper County, Mississippi
 Jasper County, Missouri
 Jasper County, South Carolina
 Jasper County, Texas

Other 
 Jasper County (album), a recording by Trisha Yearwood
Jackson County, Missouri

Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Missouri. In 2010, the population was 674,158. This county has the second-highest number of people in the state, after St. Louis County. It has two county capitals, Independence and Kansas City. The county was created December 15, 1826. It was named for President Andrew Jackson (elected 1828).

References

Missouri counties
1820s establishments in Missouri
1826 establishments in the United States
Kylo Ren

Kylo Ren (born Ben Solo) is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. He was introduced in the 2015 movie Star Wars: The Force Awakens. He was portrayed by Adam Driver. He is the main villain of The Force Awakens, The Last Jedi , and is redeemed in the final installment  The Rise of Skywalker.

Kylo Ren is the pseudonym of Ben Solo, the son of original Star Wars trilogy characters Han Solo, who he later killed, and Leia Organa. Though trained by his uncle Luke Skywalker as a Jedi, he has been drawn to the dark side of the Force, and wants to be as powerful as his grandfather, Darth Vader who he praised and thought was the king of evil, not the one who killed the emperor. Throughout all of The Force Awakens and the first two acts of The Last Jedi, Ren wants to be fully committed to the dark side, but there are times where the light side tries to pull him back in. This can be seen because when he kills his father Han, he hesitates before he does it. Even when he has a chance to kill his mother Leia, he chooses not to after giving it thought. This makes him a complex character.  

Kylo Ren is the master of the Knights of Ren and a commander for the First Order, an organization created from the fallen Galactic Empire.The First Order believed that the Empire's leader, Emperor Palpatine, had been killed by Luke Skywalker, not Darth Vader. He is featured in The Force Awakens media and merchandising, and has appeared in the movie's sequel, Star Wars: Episode VIII - The Last Jedi''.

References

Other websites
 Kylo Ren in the Official StarWars.com Encyclopedia

Fictional characters introduced in 2015
Star Wars characters
Adam Driver

Adam Douglas Driver (born November 19, 1983) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the TV show Girls and the Star Wars movies.

Background 
Adam Driver was born in California. The Driver family has roots in Arkansas and Tennessee, where they owned slaves. He grew up in Indiana and joined the United States Marine Corps after the September 11 attacks. He was excited to fight the Iraq War, but could not join direct combat because of an injury. He then went to Juilliard School, an elite school for performing arts, to begin his acting career.

References

Other websites

 

1983 births
Living people
Actors from San Diego, California
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Car classification

Governments and private organizations have developed car classifications that are used for a number of purposes. These include regulation, description and categorization, among others. The following are commonly used classifications in use worldwide:

References

Land vehicles
Transport lists
Scott Weiland

Scott Weiland (born Scott Richard Kline; October 27, 1967 – December 3, 2015) was an American musician, singer and songwriter. His career lasted three decades. He was best known as the lead singer for the rock band Stone Temple Pilots from when they formed in 1986 until he was fired in 2013. He was also the lead singer of band Velvet Revolver from 2003 to 2008. That band had members from another popular band, Guns N' Roses, and were called a "supergroup" because of this. 

Weiland was born in San Jose, California. At age five, he was adopted by his stepfather and moved to Ohio. Weiland moved back to California in his teens.

After he was fired from Stone Temple Pilots, Weiland formed a solo band called the Wildabouts. They released an album in March 2015 called "Blaster" but their guitar player, Jeremy Brown, died the day before it came out. Weiland himself died on this band's tour bus in Bloomington, Minnesota on December 3, 2015 after drinking and taking drugs such as cocaine and ethanol. He was 48 years old. He had battled addictions to drugs for over 20 years, at first becoming addicted to heroin in the 1990s.

References

Other websites

 

1967 births
2015 deaths
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
American adoptees
American heavy metal musicians
American rock singers
American Roman Catholics
Deaths from cardiac arrest
People from San Jose, California
People with bipolar disorder
Singers from California
Singers from Ohio
Eastern Shore of Maryland

The Eastern Shore of Maryland is on the east side of Chesapeake Bay. It consists of nine counties. In 2004 its population was nearly 441 thousand. This means about 8 percent of Marylanders live in this region. The term "Eastern Shore" distinguishes a territorial part of the State of Maryland from the Western Shore of Maryland, land west of the Chesapeake Bay.

The region has many beaches. Some of the best known and most often visited beaches are at Ocean City, Maryland. Ocean city is also known for its boardwalks and its tourist attractions. With a population of 24,000, Salisbury is the largest city.

References 

Geography of Maryland
Casualty (TV series)

Casualty is a British television show aired on the BBC since 6 September 1986. It is the longest-running emergency medical drama television series in the world. It is filmed in Cardiff. The 1000th episode of Casualty aired on 25 June 2016, episode 39 of series 30.

Creation
The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin, as a response to the Margaret Thatcher era.

Location
Casualty is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the fictional county of Wyvern, in the south-west of England.

References

1986 television series debuts
1980s British drama television series
1980s British workplace television series

1980s workplace drama television series
1990s British drama television series
1990s British workplace television series
1990s medical television series
1990s workplace drama television series
2000s British drama television series
2000s British workplace television series
2000s medical television series
2000s workplace drama television series
2010s British drama television series
2010s British workplace television series
2010s medical television series
2010s workplace drama television series
BBC television dramas

British workplace drama television series
English-language television programs
Yossi Sarid

Yossi Sarid (‎; 24 October 1940 – 4 December 2015) was an Israeli news commentator and former politician. He served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment, Ratz and Meretz between 1974 and 2006. He was the Minister of Education and Minister of the Environment, he led Meretz between 1996 and 2003 and served as Leader of the Opposition from 2001 to 2003.

He wrote a column for Haaretz.

Sarid was born in Rehovot and died on the evening of 4 December 2015 from a heart attack, aged 75.

References

Other websites
Yossi Sarid's official lecturer page 

1940 births
2015 deaths
Columnists
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli opposition leaders
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish Israeli writers
Meretz politicians
Dag Skogheim

Dag Skogheim (17 May 1928 – 4 December 2015) was a Norwegian teacher, poet, novelist, short story writer, biographer and non-fiction writer. He was born in Sømna. He made his literary debut in 1970 with the poetry collection ... gagns menneske. He was known for his 2001 novel Sanatorieliv. The book was awarded the Sverre Steen Prize from the Norwegian Historical Association in 2002.

Skogheim died in Oslo, Norway from complications following a stroke, aged 87.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Norwegian writers
Poets
Bill Bennett

William Richards Bennett, PC, OBC (August 18, 1932 – December 3, 2015), commonly known as Bill Bennett, was a Canadian politician. He was the 27th Premier of the Canadian province of British Columbia 1975–1986. He was a son of the former Premier, W. A. C. Bennett. He was a 3rd cousin, twice removed, of R.B. Bennett, eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.

Bennett died on December 3, 2015 at the age of 83 from Alzheimer's disease in Kelowna, British Columbia.

References

1932 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in British Columbia
Premiers of British Columbia
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Ferenc Juhász

Ferenc Juhász (16 August 1928 – 2 December 2015) was a Hungarian poet. He received the Golden Wreath award in 1992. He was thought to be a close contender for the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1976.

Juhász published his first poem in 1946. In 1949, he published his first book of poems, The Winged Foal. His poems, including "The boy changed into a stag clamors at the gate of secrets", have been widely translated.

References

Other websites
http://www.jstor.org/pss/20163235
http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Ferenc%20Juhasz

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Hungarian people
Poets
Gustavo Endres

Gustavo Endres (born August 23, 1975 in Passo Fundo, Brazil) is a retired Brazilian volleyball player.  

Endres played for Brazil's men's national volleyball team in 1997-2008.  The team won the gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. The team won the silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.  

Endres was also a member of the 2002 and 2006 World Championship teams.  He won several medals in the World League, South American Championship, World Cup and the Grand Champions Cup.

Other websites
 LegaVolley profile

1975 births
Living people
Brazilian volleyball players
Gilberto Amauri de Godoy Filho

Gilberto Amauri de Godoy Filho (born 23 December 1976 in Londrina) is a retired Brazilian professional volleyball player. He is usually known as known as Giba. He played as an outside hitter.

Career 
For much of the 2000s, he was widely regarded as one of the best volleyball players in the world. During his professional career he played in Brazil, Italy, Russia, Argentina and briefly in the United Arab Emirates. He is mostly remembered for his successes with the Brazilian national team.

With the national team he won a total of 8 South American Championships, 3 America's Cups, 8 World League titles, 2 World Grand Champions Cups, three World Championships (2002, 2006, 2010) and the gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, the silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where he was the non-playing captain.

During summer 2014, Giba retired from professional volleyball at the age of 37.

Other websites
  Site non officiel 
  Blog do Giba 

1976 births
2000 Summer Olympics
Brazilian Olympians
Living people
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Brazilian volleyball players
Cicero, Indiana

Cicero is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,812.

References

Towns in Indiana
Ashton Carter

Ashton Baldwin "Ash" Carter (born September 24, 1954) is the former United States Secretary of Defense. He is also a physicist and a former Harvard University professor of Science and International Affairs. He was nominated by President Barack Obama, and confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 93–5, to replace Chuck Hagel as the US Secretary of Defense.

References

Other websites
 Preventive Defense Project 
 Ashton B. Carter  expert profile at the Belfer Center of Harvard University
 
 Collected columns at Foreign Affairs magazine
 
 Department of Defense biography

1954 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Defense
Politicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
US Democratic Party politicians
William McIlvanney

William McIlvanney (25 November 1936 – 5 December 2015) was a Scottish novelist, short story writer, and poet.  McIlvanney was known for his works Laidlaw, The Papers of Tony Veitch, and Walking Wounded. They are all known for their portrayal of Glasgow in the 1970s. He is thought to be as "the father of 'Tartan Noir’" and Scotland's Camus.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Scotland
Scottish novelists
Scottish poets
Marília Pêra

Marília Pêra (22 January 1943 – 5 December 2015) was a Brazilian actress. She was called "one of the decade's [1980s] ten best actresses" by Pauline Kael.

Pêra won the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress in 1982 for her role in Hector Babenco's famous movie Pixote. She received the Best Actress awards at the Gramado Film Festival (Triple Award Winner) and at the Cartegena Film Festival for Carlos Diegues' Better Days Ahead. Her other movies include Bar Esperanza,  Angels of the Night, and Diegues' Tieta.

Abel Pêra, also an actor from Brazil, was her uncle.

Pêra died in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from lung cancer, aged 72.

References

Other websites

 

1943 births
2015 deaths
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Rio de Janeiro
Pauline Kael

Pauline Kael (; June 19, 1919 – September 3, 2001) was an American movie critic who wrote for The New Yorker magazine from 1968 to 1991. Earlier in her career, her work appeared in City Lights, McCall's and The New Republic. 

Kael was known for her "witty, biting, highly opinionated, and sharply focused" reviews. Legendary critic Roger Ebert said that Kael "had a more positive influence on the climate for film in America than any other single person over the last three decades".

Kael was born in Petaluma, California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley. Kael died in Great Barrington, Massachusetts from Parkinson's disease at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

 
 Pauline Kael Archives , a collection of articles and commentary about Kael
 The Pearls of Pauline from Brights Lights Film Journal 
 Interview magazine q&a Pauline Kael interviewed by Polly Frost and Ray Sawhill

1919 births
2001 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
American movie critics
Writers from California
Writers from New York City
Quinnipiac University

Quinnipiac University  is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational university. It is in Hamden, Connecticut, United States. 

The university grants undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees through its College of Arts and Sciences; School of Business and Engineering; School of Communications; School of Health Sciences; School of Law; School of Medicine; School of Nursing and School of Education. Quinnipiac is home to the Quinnipiac University Polling Institute.

Other websites
Official website
Official Athletics website
Official QU Online website

Colleges and universities in Connecticut
Hamden, Connecticut

Hamden is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town's nickname is "The Land of the Sleeping Giant."  The population was 60,960 at the 2010 census. Hamden is a suburb of the city of New Haven.

References

Towns in Connecticut
Siddhi Savetsila

Siddhi Savetsila (, , , 7 January 1919 – 5 December 2015) was a Thai air force officer and politician. He served as the foreign minister of Thailand from 1980 to 1990. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand serving from January through August 1986. He has been a member of the Privy Council of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. 

Savetsila died at the age of 96 in Bangkok on 5 December 2015.

References

1919 births
2015 deaths
Civil servants
Military personnel of World War II
Siddhi Savetsila
Siddhi Savetsila
Siddhi Savetsila
Mohel

A mohel is a person who circumcises Jewish baby boys eight days after they are born. This is a practice of Jewish law (Halakha).

Procedure
A knife is traditionally used for this, but a clamp is now sometimes used instead. In Orthodox Judaism the mohel is male. However, some more progressive types of Judaism allow women to serve as a mohel.

Event
The event of the circumcision is called a Brit milah, sometimes pronounced bris especially by Jews of European heritage whose ancestors spoke Yiddish. The mohel says prayers with the infant's family and guests, to welcome the baby boy into the Jewish religion.

References

Judaism
Occupations
Farina, South Australia

Farina is a ghost town in South Australia. It is on the edge of the desert, with an unpredictable annual rainfall of 163.6 mm. It was a farming and railway town, part of the Ghan railway, 26 km north of Lyndhurst and 55 km south of Marree. In 2006 there were 55 people living near Farina.

Before 1878 Farina was called The Gums or Government Gums, It was an important waterhole in a dry desert. Farina was settled in 1878 by farmers who thought that if they ploughed the land and planted crops it would rain. It was named Farina after the Latin word for flour. The town was the railhead until 1884 when the railway reached Marree. During the wet years of the 1880s, plans were laid out for a town with 432 ¼-acre blocks. It was believed that it would be good for growing wheat and barley, however normal rainfall is not enough to grow these crops. Several silver and copper mines were dug in the surrounding area.

Farina grew to 600 people in the late 1800s.  The town had two hotels (the Transcontinental and the Exchange) and an underground bakery, a bank, two breweries, a general store, an Anglican church, five blacksmiths, a school and a brothel. In 1909, a 1143 kg iron meteorite was discovered north-east of the town.

Today all that is left are stone ruins and the elevated railway water tank. The post office closed in the 1960s and the railway line closed in the 1980s.

No one lives in the town, the closest people live at Farina station, a farm, west of the town.  A bush camping area has been set up by the owners of Farina station.

Volunteers have repaired the bakery and put up information signs.

Cemeteries
The town's cemetery is a few kilometres from the town. It has an Afghan corner with several headstones, some with both English and Arabic writing. These mark the graves of former Farina residents of Afghan origin who were part of the Afghan camel trains which used to provide transport services before the railway. All the gravestones face Mecca in the Islamic tradition.

References

 Postcards television show about South Australia

Other websites

 Bureau of Meteorology Farina statistics
 Farina: Ruined Ghost Town - Oodnadatta Track, South Australia 
 MSN Map 
 Volunteers bring ghost town back to life 
 Farina Restoration Group website

Ghost towns
Towns in South Australia
Abortion in Azerbaijan

Abortion in Azerbaijan is legal upon request within the first twenty-eight weeks of pregnancy. 

After twenty-eight weeks, it is legal when:
 The abortion will save the woman's life or preserve her health;
 The father died during the pregnancy;
 Either parent was imprisoned;
 The pregnancy is a result of rape or incest;
 There is a disability in the family; or
 The parents have divorced. 

Additionally, a physician may approve any other reason to carry out an abortion.

References 

Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Onomatopoeia

An onomatopoeia is a word that sounds like the sound it means: words that imitate particular sounds.

Examples:
buzz -- the sound bees make
arf, woof, bark -- sounds that dogs make
cuckoo -- the bird's name is its call
zip, zipper -- the sound it makes
meow -- the sound that cats makes 
tick tick -- the sound that a clock makes
boom--the sound that a bomb makes
crash--the sound that breaking glass makes

Vocabulary
New Palestine, Indiana

New Palestine (pronounced PAL-es-teen) is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,055.

References

Towns in Indiana
E. L. James

Erika Mitchell (born 7 March 1963), known by her pen name as E. L. James is an English author. James was born in London. She was raised in Buckinghamshire. She studied History at the University of Kent. James wrote: Fifty Shades of Grey, Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian, Fifty Shades Freed, and Fifty Shades Darker.

Other websites
Official author website
Official Twitter

References

1963 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Kent
English novelists
Writers from Buckinghamshire
Writers from London
Ko Chun-hsiung

Ko Chun-hsiung (; 15 January 1945 – 7 December 2015) was a Taiwanese actor, director, producer and politician. His career began in the 1960s and had appeared in over 120 movies.

During his career he has won the Golden Horse Awards, two Asia Pacific Film Festival for Best Actor Awards, a Panama International Film Festival for Best Actor Award. In 2005, Chinese Film Association of Performance Art named Ko on the list of 100 Outstanding Artists in Chinese Film (1905 - 2004).

Chun-hsiung died of lung cancer in Kaohsiung, Taiwan at the age of 70.

References

Other websites
 
 

1945 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer

Taiwanese movie actors
Movie directors
Movie producers
Taiwanese politicians
Taiwanese television actors
Holly Woodlawn

Holly Woodlawn (Haroldo Santiago Franceschi Rodriguez Danhakl; October 26, 1946 – December 6, 2015) was a transgender Puerto Rican actress and Warhol superstar. She was known for her roles in Trash (1970) and Women in Revolt (1972).

Woodlawn died in Los Angeles, California from brain cancer and liver cancer at the age of 69.

References

1946 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from brain cancer
Deaths from liver cancer
Puerto Rican actors
Transgender and transsexual people
Uxbridge

Uxbridge is a town in west London which became a municipal borough in 1955. It has been part of the London Borough of Hillingdon since 1965. About 53,000 people live in Uxbridge. Its postcode is UB8.

London Borough of Hillingdon
Towns in London
Tolworth

Tolworth is a suburban area of southwest London. Its postcodes are KT5 and KT6.

Areas of London
Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames
Fremington, Devon

Fremington is a village in North Devon.

North Devon
Villages in Devon
Kehelland

Kehelland () is a hamlet in the northwest of Cornwall, England.

There is a small primary school and a horticultural centre called Kehelland Trust. Kehelland Trust supports adults with learning difficulties.

Hamlets in England
Hamlets in Cornwall
West Tisbury, Wiltshire

West Tisbury is a civil parish in southwest Wiltshire, England. The nearest city is Salisbury, which is about 13 miles away.

In West Tisbury there are five hamlets:

East Hatch
West Hatch
Newtown
Tuckingmill
Kinghay

Civil parishes in England
Settlements in Wiltshire
Einherjar

In Norse mythology, the einherjar (lone-fighters) are warriors who have died in battle and are brought to Valhalla by valkyries. In Valhalla, the einherjar eat meat from the boar called Sæhrímnir. Every day he is boiled and every night he becomes whole again. They drink mead provided by a goat named Heiðrún. Every day they dress for battle and go out and fight each other. This is to prepare for the events of Ragnarök (the end of the world).

The einherjar are written about in the Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson. Also in the poem written in the 13th century Hákonarmál, by Eyvindr skáldaspillir.

References 

Norse mythology
African plate

The African Plate is a major tectonic plate. It includes much of the continent of Africa, as well as the oceanic crust which lies between the continent and various surrounding ocean ridges. Since the continent of Africa includes the African Plate and the smaller plates to its right, some literature refers to the African Plate as the Nubian Plate to distinguish it from the continent as a whole.

Between 60 million years ago (mya) and 10 mya, the Somali Plate began rifting from the African Plate along the East African Rift.

One hypothesis suggests a mantle plume beneath the Afar region. Another hypothesis suggests the rifting is just a zone of weakness as the  plates to its east move northwards.

The African Plate's speed is about  per year. It has been moving over the past 100 million years or so in a general northeast direction. This is drawing it closer to the Eurasian Plate. There is subduction where oceanic crust meets continental crust (in parts of the central and eastern Mediterranean). 

Along its northeast margin, the African Plate is bounded by the Red Sea rift where the Arabian Plate is moving away from the African Plate.

The African, Somali and Arabian Plates were once all part of the great southern supercontinent Gondwana, as was the Indian subcontinent.

References 

Tectonic plates
Africa
OpenStep

OpenStep was an operating system by NeXT. It is an x86 version of the NeXTStep operating system, which was also by NeXT.

Operating systems
Rhapsody (operating system)

Rhapsody was the name given to Apple Computer's next-generation operating system. Apple got the Rhapsody operating system when they bought NeXT Inc. from Steve Jobs for $425 million. The same year Apple released Rhapsody to software developers so they could create versions of their software for the next release of the Apple operating system. But a key software vendor, Adobe Systems, did not like Apple's plan for the new OS. Without Adobe supporting them Apple decided not to go ahead with Rhapsody. Rhapsody was replaced by OS X, scheduled for 1999.

References 

Apple software
Palmchat

The palmchat (Dulus dominicus) is a small passerine bird. It is the national bird of the Dominican Republic.

References

Other websites

Birds of Central America
Dominican Republic
Passeriformes
Arabian bustard

The Arabian bustard (Ardeotis arabs) is a bird native to North Africa and the Middle East. It lives in the Sahel region (Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan), South Sudan, Kenya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Saudi Arabia and Yemen.

As in all bustards, the male Arabian bustard is much larger than the female. Males have been found to weigh , while females weigh . The record-sized male Arabian bustard weighed . These birds stand from  tall in females to  tall in males.

References 

Birds of Africa
Birds of Asia
Gruiformes
National Bohemian

National Bohemian Beer is an American beer first made in Baltimore, Maryland. It is a premium Bohemian-style beer. Many people call it "Natty Boh" as a nickname.

History 
In 1885, the National Brewing Company created National Bohemian beer. The first factory was in Baltimore, Maryland. The brewing stopped from 1920 to 1933 due to Prohibition. This was the period when nobody could drink alcohol in the US. In 1933 under the ownership of Jerold Hoffberger the factory of Natty Boh opened again. During the 1940s the factory of National Bohemian was the first in the US to adopt the six pack. In the 1970s, the Hoffberger family sold the brand name. During the next three decades, the brand of this beer was bought and sold by different companies. The copyright of the beer was purchased first by Stroh, then by G. Heileman Brewing, and then by Pabst, in 1999. Since the Hoffberger family sold the beer it has been brewed in North Carolina.  From 1996 until 2011, National Bohemian wasn’t available directly from the bar, but only by cans or bottles.  In 2014, an American citizen born in Russia, Eugene Kashper, bought the entire Pabst Company, so also National Bohemian.

Relationship with Baltimore 
Under the ownership of Jerold Hoffberger, Natty Boh was first associated with the city of Baltimore. In 1953, Jerold Hoffberger helped to bring the St. Louis Browns to Baltimore where they became the Baltimore Orioles. He made National Bohemian the main sponsor of the baseball team. About twelve years later Hoffberger bought the team. Under the ownership of Jerold Hoffberger the Orioles won two World Series and four American League pennants. Nattty Boh was served at the stadium. This was the period when National Bohemian became the beer of Baltimore because people identified the Orioles’ wins with the beer. Although the beer is not brewed in Maryland anymore, 95% of sales are still in Baltimore. This is why is it called the beer of Maryland.

Mr. Boh 
In 1933, the logo of this beer, Mr. Boh, was introduced. Mr. Boh is a one-eyed man with a black mustache. Thanks to the popularity achieved by National Bohemian with the Orioles, Mr. Boh became a symbol of Baltimore. His big face is still visible at the top of the old building where it was once brewed. Through the years, people started collecting gadgets with the logo of National Bohemian. Around Baltimore, several pubs serve Natty Boh as the main beer. These pubs are decorated with different gadgets of Mr. Boh.

References

Other websites 
 Website of Nationla Bohemian

Beer
The Swan of Tuonela

The Swan of Tuonela is a tone poem by Finnish composer, Jean Sibelius.

Poems
Immovable property

Immovable property is property that cannot be moved from one place to another. It is generally connected to the ground or land on which it sits. The term immovable property also includes the land. 

In real estate law, immovable property has certain rights of ownership that go with title (full or partial) to that property. These may include rights to buildings, rights to collect rent, inherited rights, right of ways, ferries or fisheries. It generally does not include such things as grass, crops, or standing timber. 

In much of the world's civil law systems is the same as "real property"; it is land or any permanent feature or structure above or below the surface. In some countries, China for example, private ownership of land is not allowed. Individuals in China may obtain land rights for a fixed number of years for a fee. These rights may be transfered by legal means including gift or sale. They may also own houses, buildings or apartments, but not the land they sit on. In the United States immovable property is also known as real estate. In the United Kingdom it is also known as property.

References 

Law
Legal terms
Burmese calendar

The Burmese calendar is a calendar where the months are based on lunar months. It is based on an older version of the Hindu calendar. It has been used in Myanmar since 640 CE. Today it is used as together with the Buddhist calendar.

Myanmar
Calendars
640s establishments
7th-century establishments in Asia
Establishments in Myanmar