cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Takashi Shimoda

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Shimoda was born in Hiroshima on November 28, 1975. After graduating from Hiroshima Minami High School, he joined J1 League club Sanfrecce Hiroshima in 1994. He did not play many matches until the mid 1990s, as he was behind Kazuya Maekawa and Kazumasa Kawano. Kawano left the club in 1997 and Maekawa was injured in 1998; Shimoda then became a regular goalkeeper in 1998. Although he played as the regular goalkeeper until 2007, he sustained a knee injury that same year. He did not play from 2008 and retired at the end of the 2010 season.

In April 1995, Shimoda was selected to the Japan U-20 national team for the 1995 World Youth Championship. He played two matches including the quarterfinal. In July 1996, he was also selected to the Japan U-23 national team for the 1996 Summer Olympics. However he did not play in any matches behind Yoshikatsu Kawaguchi. Although Japan won two matches, Japan exited in the first round. At this time, Japan beat Brazil in the first game. It was known as the "Miracle of Miami" (マイアミの奇跡) in Japan.

On March 31, 1999, Shimoda debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. He was also selected by Japan for the 2000 Asian Cup. Although he did not play in any matches, Japan won the tournament.

Statistics

|-
|1994||rowspan="17"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="9"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1995||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|1996||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|1997||9||0||2||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|1998||34||0||3||0||4||0||41||0
|-
|1999||30||0||5||0||2||0||37||0
|-
|2000||30||0||2||0||4||0||36||0
|-
|2001||29||0||2||0||6||0||37||0
|-
|2002||29||0||0||0||6||0||35||0
|-
|2003||J2 League||43||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||47||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="4"|J1 League||30||0||1||0||5||0||36||0
|-
|2005||27||0||0||0||6||0||33||0
|-
|2006||33||0||2||0||5||0||40||0
|-
|2007||31||0||5||0||8||0||44||0
|-
|2008||J2 League||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
331||0||26||0||46||0||403||0
331||0||26||0||46||0||403||0
|}

|-
|1999||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

Other websites

1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Footballers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
2000 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
César Sampaio

César Sampaio (born 31 March 1968) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1986||rowspan="6"|Santos||rowspan="6"|Série A||10||0||||||||||10||0
|-
|1987||7||0||||||||||7||0
|-
|1988||15||0||||||||||15||0
|-
|1989||16||0||||||||||16||0
|-
|1990||17||1||||||||||17||1
|-
|1991||17||1||||||||||17||1
|-
|1992||rowspan="3"|Palmeiras||rowspan="3"|Série A||18||2||||||||||18||2
|-
|1993||20||2||||||||||20||2
|-
|1994||22||1||||||||||22||1

|-
|1995||rowspan="4"|Yokohama Flügels||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||32||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||34||1
|-
|1996||27||5||2||0||14||2||43||7
|-
|1997||29||6||2||0||9||1||40||7
|-
|1998||28||2||5||0||0||0||33||2

|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Palmeiras||rowspan="2"|Série A||15||2||||||||||15||2
|-
|2000||7||0||||||||||7||0

|-
|2000/01||Deportivo La Coruña||La Liga||10||0||||||||||10||0

|-
|2001||Corinthians||Série A||9||0||||||||||9||0

|-
|2002||Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 1||26||3||0||0||6||0||32||3
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 2||41||5||4||0||colspan="2"|-||45||5
|-
|2004||J. League 1||14||0||0||0||2||0||16||0

|-
|2004||São Paulo||Série A||25||1||||||||||25||1
198||10||||||||||198||10
197||21||15||1||31||3||243||25
10||0||||||||||10||0
405||31||15||1||31||3||451||35
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1990||1||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
|1992||5||0
|-
|1993||4||0
|-
|1994||2||0
|-
|1995||10||1
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||8||1
|-
|1998||9||4
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||7||0
|-
!Total||47||6
|}

References 

1968 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Takeshi Ono (footballer, born 1962)

Takeshi Ono (born 17 August 1962) is a Japanese football manager.

References

Profil 

1962 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Japanese football managers
Rafael Benítez

Rafael Benítez (born 16 April 1960) is a Spanish former football player and football manager who was most recently the manager of Premier League club Everton.

References 

1960 births
Living people
Spanish football managers
Spanish footballers
Sportspeople from Madrid
Patrick Kluivert

Patrick Kluivert (born 1 July 1976) is a former Dutch football player. He has played for Netherlands national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1994/95||rowspan="3"|Ajax||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||25||18||2||1||10||2||37||21
|-
|1995/96||28||15||2||1||11||6||41||22
|-
|1996/97||17||6||1||0||4||2||22||8

|-
|1997/98||Milan||Serie A||27||6||6||3||colspan="2"|-||33||9

|-
|1998/99||rowspan="6"|Barcelona||rowspan="6"|La Liga||35||15||3||1||colspan="2"|-||38||16
|-
|1999/00||26||15||2||1||14||7||42||23
|-
|2000/01||31||18||5||2||12||5||48||25
|-
|2001/02||33||18||0||0||17||7||50||25
|-
|2002/03||36||16||0||0||15||5||51||21
|-
|2003/04||21||8||2||0||3||2||26||10

|-
|2004/05||Newcastle United||Premier League||25||6||6||2||6||5||37||13

|-
|2005/06||Valencia||La Liga||10||1||1||0||5||1||16||2

|-
|2006/07||PSV Eindhoven||Eredivisie||16||3||2||0||3||0||21||3

|-
|2007/08||Lille||Ligue 1||13||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||4
86||42||7||2||28||10||121||54
27||6||6||3||colspan="2"|-||33||9
192||91||13||4||66||27||271||122
25||6||6||2||6||5||37||13
13||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||4
343||149||33||11||100||42||476||202
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1994||1||0
|-
|1995||5||3
|-
|1996||5||1
|-
|1997||5||2
|-
|1998||11||7
|-
|1999||8||4
|-
|2000||14||12
|-
|2001||9||4
|-
|2002||6||3
|-
|2003||11||4
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
!Total||79||40
|}

References

1976 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Amsterdam
Zvonimir Boban

Zvonimir Boban (born 8 October 1968) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Yugoslavia's national team and Croatia's national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1985/86||rowspan="6"|Dinamo Zagreb||rowspan="6"|First League||2||0
|-
|1986/87||28||8
|-
|1987/88||30||13
|-
|1988/89||0||0
|-
|1989/90||23||9
|-
|1990/91||26||15

|-
|1991/92||Bari||Serie A||17||2
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="9"|Milan||rowspan="9"|Serie A||13||0
|-
|1993/94||20||4
|-
|1994/95||21||1
|-
|1995/96||13||3
|-
|1996/97||28||1
|-
|1997/98||23||2
|-
|1998/99||27||2
|-
|1999/00||17||6
|-
|2000/01||16||2

|-
|2001/02||Celta Vigo||La Liga||4||0
109||45
195||23
4||0
308||68
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1988||2||0
|-
|1989||1||0
|-
|1990||2||0
|-
|1991||2||1
|-
!Total||7||1
|}

|-
|1990||1||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
|1992||1||0
|-
|1993||1||0
|-
|1994||5||0
|-
|1995||5||2
|-
|1996||9||2
|-
|1997||8||3
|-
|1998||13||5
|-
|1999||7||0
|-
!Total||51||12
|}

References

1968 births
Living people
Croatian footballers
Santiago Cañizares

Santiago Cañizares (born 18 December 1969) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1989/90||Real Madrid||La Liga||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1990/91||Elche||Segunda División||7||0||||||||||7||0
|-
|1991/92||Mérida||Segunda División||38||0||||||||||38||0
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="2"|Celta Vigo||rowspan="2"|La Liga||36||0||||||||||36||0
|-
|1993/94||38||0||||||||||38||0
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="4"|Real Madrid||rowspan="4"|La Liga||1||0||0||0||2||0||3||0
|-
|1995/96||12||0||1||0||1||0||14||0
|-
|1996/97||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|1997/98||26||0||0||0||6||0||32||0
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="10"|Valencia||rowspan="10"|La Liga||38||0||6||0||10||0||54||0
|-
|1999/00||23||0||2||0||13||0||38||0
|-
|2000/01||37||0||0||0||18||0||55||0
|-
|2001/02||32||0||1||0||8||0||41||0
|-
|2002/03||31||0||0||0||13||0||44||0
|-
|2003/04||37||0||0||0||7||0||44||0
|-
|2004/05||29||0||0||0||7||0||36||0
|-
|2005/06||36||0||0||0||5||0||41||0
|-
|2006/07||32||0||1||0||11||0||44||0
|-
|2007/08||10||0||0||0||5||0||15||0
465||0||11||0||106||0||582||0
465||0||11||0||106||0||582||0
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1993||1||0
|-
|1994||5||0
|-
|1995||2||0
|-
|1996||1||0
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1998||5||0
|-
|1999||7||0
|-
|2000||5||0
|-
|2001||6||0
|-
|2002||4||0
|-
|2003||3||0
|-
|2004||5||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||2||0
|-
!Total||46||0
|}

References

1969 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
Yahiro Kazama

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team. His son Koki Kazama and Koya Kazama are also footballer.

Biography
Kazama was born in Shizuoka on October 16, 1961. After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he moved to Germany in 1984. He played for several clubs, Bayer Leverkusen Remscheid and Eintracht Braunschweig. In 1989, he returned to Japan and joined Japan Soccer League Division 2 club Mazda (later Sanfrecce Hiroshima). The club was promoted to Division 1 in 1991. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. J1 League first season in 1993, he played opening match and scored a goal. This is the first goal by Japanese player in J1 League. He left Sanfrecce Hiroshima end of 1995 season and moved to Germany club Remscheid again. He retired in 1997.

In August 1979, when Kazama was a Shimizu Commercial High School student, he was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 1979 World Youth Championship and he played 3 games. In December 1980, when he was a University of Tsukuba student, he was selected the Japan national team for 1982 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on December 22, he debuted against Singapore. He also played at 1982 Asian Games and 1984 Summer Olympics qualification. He played 19 games for Japan until 1983. After he moved to Germany in 1984, he was not selected Japan.

After the retirement, Kazama managed Toin University of Yokohama (1998–2003) and University of Tsukuba (2008–2012). In April 2012, he signed with J1 League club Kawasaki Frontale as Naoki Soma successor. The club won the 3rd place in 2013 and 2016. In 2017, he moved to J2 League club Nagoya Grampus which was relegated to J2 from 2017. The club won the 3rd place in 2017 and was promoted to J1. He was sacked in September 2019.

Statistics

|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Mazda||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 2||27||3||||||1||0||28||3
|-
|1990/91||21||4||||||3||0||24||4
|-
|1991/92||JSL Division 1||15||0||||||4||0||19||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="4"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="4"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||2||0||6||0||8||0
|-
|1993||35||6||4||0||0||0||39||6
|-
|1994||43||0||3||0||1||0||47||0
|-
|1995||25||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
166||13||10||0||15||0||191||10
166||13||10||0||15||0||191||10
|}

|-
|1980||4||0
|-
|1981||8||0
|-
|1982||4||0
|-
|1983||3||0
|-
!Total||19||0
|}

References

Other websites

1961 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Serhiy Rebrov

Serhiy Rebrov (born 3 June, 1974) is a former Ukrainian football player. He has plays for Ukraine national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1991||Shakhtar Donetsk||Top League||7||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||2

|-
|1992||Shakhtar Donetsk||Premier League||19||10||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||10
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="8"|Dynamo Kyiv||rowspan="8"|Premier League||23||5||6||2||2||0||31||7
|-
|1993/94||10||2||1||0||2||1||13||3
|-
|1994/95||24||8||6||1||7||1||37||10
|-
|1995/96||31||9||5||1||2||0||38||10
|-
|1996/97||30||20||1||0||4||0||35||20
|-
|1997/98||29||22||8||7||12||8||49||37
|-
|1998/99||22||9||5||5||14||8||41||22
|-
|1999/00||20||18||4||2||16||10||40||30

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="2"|Premier League||29||9||7||3||colspan="2"|-||36||12
|-
|2001/02||31||1||9||3||colspan="2"|-||40||4

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Fenerbahçe||rowspan="2"|Süper Lig||13||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||13||2
|-
|2003/04||25||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||27||3

|-
|2004/05||West Ham United||League Championship||27||1||5||1||colspan="2"|-||32||2

|-
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Dynamo Kyiv||rowspan="3"|Premier League||27||13||6||1||1||0||34||14
|-
|2006/07||17||6||3||0||7||2||27||8
|-
|2007/08||8||1||1||0||4||1||13||2

|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Rubin Kazan||rowspan="2"|Premier League||24||5||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||24||5
|-
|2009||7||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||0
7||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||2
31||5||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||5
260||123||46||19||71||31||377||173
87||11||21||7||colspan="2"|-||108||18
38||4||2||1||colspan="2"|-||40||5
423||145||69||27||69||31||563||203
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1992||1||0
|-
|1993||3||0
|-
|1994||0||0
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||5||1
|-
|1997||10||3
|-
|1998||5||4
|-
|1999||10||4
|-
|2000||5||0
|-
|2001||8||0
|-
|2002||7||1
|-
|2003||7||0
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
|2005||3||1
|-
|2006||7||1
|-
!Total||75||15
|}

References 

1974 births
Living people
Ukrainian footballers
Daeboreum

Daeboreum (Jeongwol Daeboreum) is the 15th day of the first lunar month of the Korean calendar. This is a traditional holiday in Korea. The moonlight is the symbol of light which sends away the dark, disease and misfortune. 

When full moon rises to the sky at Daeboreum, it is believed that the first person to see it will have good luck all year.

Holidays
Korea
Mashed potato

Mashed potatoes are a way to serve potatoes. Mashed potatoes are made by boiling potatoes, and then mixing them with milk and butter until they are smooth. Vegetable oil, cheese, sour cream, parsley, bacon bits and many other things can be added according to the maker's taste. Dehydrated instant mashed potato mixes are available in many different flavors.

Sometimes gravy is poured on top of mashed potatoes. Mashed potatoes and gravy are usually served with roasts or meat loaf.

Mashed potatoes are part of the traditional American Thanksgiving dinner.

Mashed potato was a running joke in the popular BBC children's series Bodger & Badger which ran from 1989 to 1999.

References 

Potatoes
Survival horror

Survival horror is a video game genre based on horror movies where the main character has to survive while in danger and escape, for example during a zombie attack. Survival Horror games are influenced by both Western and Japanese culture. 

The name "survival horror" was first used by the horror game Resident Evil, but there had been some earlier games which created the genre, among them Alone in the Dark. Survival Horror games are different from other video games because the main character of the games are usually ordinary people and the amount of ammunition and resources the player has is usually not very much: to not be prepared or equipped for the situation is often important for the genre. A few Survival Horror games are Resident Evil and Bioshock.

Horror
Video game genres
Muster drill

A muster drill (sometimes called lifeboat drill) is a practice event which usually takes place on holiday cruise ships. The purpose of a muster drill is to show passengers what to do if there was a real emergency. The muster station leaders tell passengers about how to put on a life jacket, where the muster stations are and also explains other emergency information on the ship. The drill itself has to be completed before the ship leaves. Muster drills are not required on ferries, but safety announcements are made before the ferry departs. There was a rule where life jackets were needed to be worn at the drill but there has been some changes to the rules and most cruise liners do not require life jackets at the drill.

General emergency alarm signal
Before a muster drill starts, the captain announces over a loud speaker 30 minutes before, 15 minutes before and when the emergency alarm signal is about be sounded. The general emergency alarm is seven short blasts followed by one long blast of the ships horn/whistle and alarms that are built into the ship. The alarm inside the ship is usually a musical note which is sometimes joined with another to make a nicer sound. 

Signal: 7 short and 1 long:
[---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----------------------]

Related pages
 Fire drill

Water transport
Safety
Acute angle

An acute angle ("acute" meaning "small") is an angle smaller than a right angle. The range of an acute angle is between 0 and 90 degrees. Obtuse angles can be from 90 degrees to 180 degrees and  it is larger than a right angle

Related  
 Obtuse angle and right angles 

Angles
Sound film

A sound film is a motion picture (or movie) with sound that has been synchronised with the image. Before sound films, there was only silent film, and dialogue was shown in words on the screen. The first known exhibition of sound movies took place in Paris in 1900. But sound movies were not widely made commercially until a long time later. The first commercial screening of a short sound movie took place in New York City in April 1923. They are now the standard kind of technology for movie making.
The first sound film was THE JAZZ SINGER. 

Movie terminology
Sound
Audio technology
Sonny With a Chance

Sonny with a Chance is a  Disney Channel original series that  premiered on Sunday, February 8, 2009. The show's previous title in the beginning was Welcome to Mollywood about a girl name Molly, but was later changed to Welcome to Holliwood, about a girl name Holli, but was now changed to Sonny With a Chance. The show is a show-within-a-show, with complete fully-produced comedy sketches.

Plot 
The series follows Sonny Munroe, a smalltown girl from Wisconsin who is the newest member of the show So Random!

Cast 
 Demi Lovato as Sonny Munroe
 Tiffany Thornton as Tawni Hart
 Sterling Knight as Chad Dylan Cooper
 Brandon Mychal Smith as Nico Harris
 Doug Brochu as Grady Mitchell
 Allysin Ashley Arm as Zora Lancaster

Recurring cast 
 Jillian Murray as Portlyn
 Nancy McKeon as Sonny's mom

Other websites 
 Official Site
 

2000s American television series
English-language television programs
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is a novel written by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, first published in November 1962 in the Soviet literary magazine Novy Mir (New World). Set in a Soviet labour camp in the 1950s, and describes a single day of an ordinary prisoner, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (I Denisovich himself) had first-hand experience in the Soviet labor camps called the Gulag, having been imprisoned from 1945 to 1953 for writing a derogatory comment in a letter to a fellow officer about the conduct of the war by Stalin.

1962 books
Russian novels
Books by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
Hurricane Lane (2006)

Hurricane Lane was the strongest Pacific hurricane that made landfall in Mexico since Hurricane Kenna. It was the 13th named storm, 9th hurricane, and 6th strong hurricane of the 2006 Pacific hurricane season. Lane began from a tropical wave on September 13, while it was to the south of Mexico. It moved towards the northwest along Mexico, and it quickly gained strength. After turning towards the northeast, Lane reached its peak winds of 125 mph (205 km/h), and it made landfall in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. It quickly weakened and died out on September 17

Near its path, Lane caused four deaths. The damage was worst in Sinaloa. In that area, crops were badly damaged. Moderate flooding happened in Acapulco, which caused mudslides in some areas. Damage in the country totaled to $2.2 billion (2006 MXN, $203 million (2006 USD).

Related pages
2006 Pacific hurricane season

2006 Pacific hurricane season
Hurricanes in Mexico
East Pacific hurricanes
2006 in the United States
2000s in Texas
2000s in Mexico
Paraceratherium

Paraceratherium  is an extinct genus of mammal, a large hornless rhinoceros. It lived in Eurasia during the late Oligocene epoch of the Tertiary period, (34–23 million years ago).

Paraceratherium was one of the largest land mammals. Its exact size  is unclear because of the incompleteness of the fossils. The size of adults was about  tall at the shoulder, about  in length. Estimates of its weight have varied greatly.

Lifestyle 
It was a herbivore that stripped leaves from trees. It had a long, low, hornless skull and long frontal and nasal bones. Its front teeth had a single pair of incisors in either jaw. They were round, pointed, and so large that they looked like small tusks. The upper incisors pointed straight downwards, while the lower ones jutted outwards. The upper lip was evidently extremely mobile. The neck was very long, the body big and strong, and the limbs long and thick, column-like.

Size 
Its exact size  is unclear because of the incompleteness of the fossils. Estimates have been based on skull, teeth, and limb bone measurements. However, the known bone elements are from individuals of different sizes. All skeletal reconstructions are composite extrapolations. This resulted in weight estimates from 11 to 20 tonnes. Its shoulder height has been estimated as . Its length was about  from front to back. As explained, such figure are only approximations. These figures are for the largest of the three species in the genus.

Ecology 
They lived in a huge rainforest floodplain in the area which is now Kazakhstan, India, and southwest China. They lived further inland throughout northern and central Asia as well. This area was a rainforest floodplain before the Himalayan uplift changed the climate.

References 

Mammals
Fossils
Jaap Stam

Jaap Stam (born 17 July 1972) is a former Dutch football player. He is currently the manager of FC Cincinnati. He has played for Netherlands national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1992/93||Zwolle||Eerste Divisie||32||1
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="2"|Cambuur Leeuwarden||Eredivisie||33||1
|-
|1994/95||Eerste Divisie||33||2
|-
|1995/96||Willem II||Eredivisie||19||1
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||14||1
|-
|1996/97||33||7
|-
|1997/98||29||4

|-
|1998/99||rowspan="4"|Manchester United||rowspan="4"|Premier League||30||1
|-
|1999/00||33||0
|-
|2000/01||15||0
|-
|2001/02||1||0

|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Lazio||rowspan="3"|Serie A||13||1
|-
|2002/03||28||0
|-
|2003/04||29||2
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Milan||rowspan="2"|Serie A||17||0
|-
|2005/06||25||1

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Ajax||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||25||1
|-
|2007/08||6||0
224||18
79||1
112||4
415||23
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1996||4||0
|-
|1997||6||1
|-
|1998||14||1
|-
|1999||4||1
|-
|2000||8||0
|-
|2001||8||0
|-
|2002||4||0
|-
|2003||9||0
|-
|2004||10||0
|-
!Total||67||3
|}

References

1972 births
Living people
Dutch football managers
Dutch footballers
Eredivisie managers
People from Kampen
Sportspeople from Overijssel
Kazuya Maekawa

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. His son Daiya Maekawa is also footballer.

Biography
Maekawa was born in Hirado on March 22, 1968. After graduating from Hirado High School, he joined Japan Soccer League club Mazda (later Sanfrecce Hiroshima) in 1986. He became a regular goalkeeper from 1989. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and the club joined new league, J1 League. The club won the 2nd place in 1994. However he lost his regular position behind young player Takashi Shimoda from 1998. In 2000, he moved to J2 League club Oita Trinita and played for the club in 2 seasons. He retired end of the 2001 season.

On June 7, 1992, Maekawa debuted for the Japan national team against Wales. In 1992, he was selected the Japan for 1992 Asian Cup which held in Japan and Japan team won the champions. At the Asian Cup, although he was a reserve goalkeeper, he played semifinal and final instead a regular goalkeeper Shigetatsu Matsunaga who received a red card in semifinal. Maekawa played 17 games for Japan until 1996.

Statistics

|-
|1986/87||rowspan="6"|Mazda||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1987/88||0||0||||||0||0||0||0
|-
|1988/89||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 2||2||0||||||0||0||2||0
|-
|1989/90||30||0||||||2||0||32||0
|-
|1990/91||30||0||||||3||0||33||0
|-
|1991/92||JSL Division 1||20||0||||||2||0||22||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="8"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="8"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|1993||15||0||0||0||0||0||15||0
|-
|1994||27||0||0||0||0||0||27||0
|-
|1995||37||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||37||0
|-
|1996||25||0||5||0||14||0||44||0
|-
|1997||24||0||0||0||6||0||30||0
|-
|1998||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Oita Trinita||rowspan="2"|J2 League||37||0||0||0||0||0||37||0
|-
|2001||38||0||2||0||2||0||42||0
285||0||12||0||33||0||330||0
285||0||12||0||33||0||330||0
|}

|-
|1992||3||0
|-
|1993||2||0
|-
|1994||2||0
|-
|1995||5||0
|-
|1996||5||0
|-
!Total||17||0
|}

References

Other websites

1968 births
Living people
Footballers from Nagasaki Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Oita Trinita players
1992 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Roy Makaay

Roy Makaay (born 9 March 1975) is a Dutch football player. He is currently retired.

Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||rowspan="4"|Vitesse||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||10||1||||||||||||||10||1
|-
|1994/95||34||11||||||||||||||34||11
|-
|1995/96||31||11||||||||||||||31||11
|-
|1996/97||34||19||5||3||||||||||39||22

|-
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Tenerife||rowspan="2"|La Liga||36||7||||||||||||||36||7
|-
|1998/99||36||14||||||||||||||36||14
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="4"|Deportivo La Coruña||rowspan="4"|La Liga||36||22||2||1||colspan="2"|-||3||3||41||26
|-
|2000/01||29||16||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||1||35||17
|-
|2001/02||30||12||2||1||colspan="2"|-||9||1||41||14
|-
|2002/03||38||29||5||1||colspan="2"|-||11||9||54||39

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="4"|Bayern Munich||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||32||23||4||2||0||0||8||6||44||31
|-
|2004/05||33||22||5||5||2||0||8||7||48||34
|-
|2005/06||31||17||5||0||1||1||8||2||45||20
|-
|2006/07||33||16||3||0||2||0||8||2||46||18

|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Feyenoord Rotterdam||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||28||13||5||7||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||20
|-
|2008/09||29||16||2||3||colspan="2"|-||6||0||37||19
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
166||71||12||13||colspan="2"|-||6||0||184||84
205||100||9||3||colspan="2"|-||29||14||243||117
129||78||17||7||5||1||32||17||183||103
500||249||38||23||5||1||67||31||610||304
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1996||1||0
|-
|1997||1||0
|-
|1998||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||7||0
|-
|2001||6||0
|-
|2002||5||2
|-
|2003||6||1
|-
|2004||4||1
|-
|2005||1||0
|-
!Total||31||4
|}

References

1975 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Gelderland
Laurent Blanc

Laurent Blanc (born 19 November 1965) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1983/84||rowspan="8"|Montpellier||rowspan="4"|Division 2||15||0||||||||||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|-
|1984/85||32||5||||||||||colspan="2"|-||32||5
|-
|1985/86||29||6||||||||||colspan="2"|-||29||6
|-
|1986/87||34||18||||||||||colspan="2"|-||34||18
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="4"|Division 1||24||6||||||||||colspan="2"|-||24||6
|-
|1988/89||35||15||||||||||2||0||37||15
|-
|1989/90||36||12||||||||||colspan="2"|-||36||12
|-
|1990/91||38||14||||||||||6||1||44||15

|-
|1991/92||Napoli||Serie A||31||6||||||||||colspan="2"|-||31||6

|-
|1992/93||Nîmes Olympique||Division 1||29||1||||||||||colspan="2"|-||29||1
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="2"|Saint-Étienne||rowspan="2"|Division 1||33||5||||||||||colspan="2"|-||33||5
|-
|1994/95||37||13||||||||||colspan="2"|-||37||13
|-
|1995/96||Auxerre||Division 1||23||2||||||||||1||0||24||2

|-
|1996/97||Barcelona||La Liga||28||1||||||||||5||0||33||1

|-
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Division 1||31||11||||||||||colspan="2"|-||31||11
|-
|1998/99||32||2||||||||||10||1||42||3

|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="2"|Serie A||34||3||||||||||colspan="2"|-||34||3
|-
|2000/01||33||3||||||||||9||0||42||3

|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Manchester United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||29||1||2||0||0||0||15||2||46||3
|-
|2002/03||19||0||1||0||0||0||9||1||29||1
428||110||||||||||19||1||447||111
98||12||||||||||9||0||107||12
28||1||||||||||5||0||33||1
48||1||3||0||0||0||24||3||75||4
602||124||3||0||0||0||57||4||662||128
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1989||6||1
|-
|1990||7||1
|-
|1991||6||2
|-
|1992||8||0
|-
|1993||8||3
|-
|1994||7||0
|-
|1995||4||1
|-
|1996||10||3
|-
|1997||7||0
|-
|1998||13||3
|-
|1999||9||0
|-
|2000||12||2
|-
!Total||97||16
|}

References

1965 births
Living people
French footballers
French football managers
Norio Omura

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Omura was born in Matsue, Japan on September 6, 1969. After graduating from Juntendo University, he joined Yokohama Marinos (later Yokohama F. Marinos) in 1992. In the 1990s, he played center-back with Japan national team player Masami Ihara. The club won the champions 1992 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won the 1992–93 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. In 1995, the club won the J1 League. In 2000s, the club won second place at the 2000 J1 League and the champions at the 2001 J.League Cup. He moved to Vegalta Sendai in 2002 and Sanfrecce Hiroshima in 2004. In 2006, his opportunity to play decreased and he moved to J2 League club Yokohama FC in August 2006. In 2008, he moved to Japan Football League club Gainare Tottori. He retired end of 2008 season.

On May 21, 1995, Omura debuted for the Japan national team against Scotland. In 1996, he became a regular player and played center-back with club teammate Masami Ihara. He also played each of Japan's matches at the 1996 Asian Cup. In 1997, although he played at 1998 World Cup qualification, his opportunity to play decreased. In 1998, he played for Japan at the 1998 World Cup. He played in one game against Jamaica instead of Eisuke Nakanishi for suspension. This match was his last game for Japan. He played 30 games and scored four goals for Japan until 1998.

In 2013, Omura became a manager for Gainare Tottori. However the club performed poorly that year. He was sacked in August 2013, when Gainare was in 20th place of 22 clubs.

Statistics

|-
|1992||rowspan="7"|Yokohama Marinos||rowspan="7"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||4||1||1||1||5||2
|-
|1993||29||0||3||0||3||0||35||0
|-
|1994||33||3||4||1||3||2||40||6
|-
|1995||43||5||2||1||colspan="2"|-||45||6
|-
|1996||24||5||1||0||14||4||39||9
|-
|1997||9||0||2||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|1998||32||3||1||0||0||0||33||3
|-
|1999||rowspan="3"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="3"|J1 League||27||3||3||0||6||0||36||3
|-
|2000||30||2||3||2||6||2||39||6
|-
|2001||21||1||0||0||5||0||26||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J1 League||28||4||2||0||5||0||35||4
|-
|2003||20||0||1||0||5||0||26||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="3"|J1 League||25||3||1||0||5||1||31||4
|-
|2005||33||0||2||0||5||0||40||0
|-
|2006||9||0||0||0||1||0||10||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Yokohama FC||J2 League||15||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||15||1
|-
|2007||J1 League||18||0||2||0||1||0||21||0
|-
|2008||Gainare Tottori||Football League||17||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||0
413||30||31||5||60||10||504||45
413||30||31||5||60||10||504||45
|}

|-
|1995||4||0
|-
|1996||12||2
|-
|1997||10||2
|-
|1998||4||0
|-
!Total||30||4
|}

References

Other websites

1969 births
Living people
Footballers from Shimane Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Vegalta Sendai players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Yokohama FC players
Gainare Tottori players
1998 FIFA World Cup players
1996 AFC Asian Cup players
Marco Caneira

Marco Caneira (born 9 February 1979) is a Portuguese football player. He plays for Sporting Portugal and the Portugal national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Sporting Portugal||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||1||0
|-
|1996/97||0||0
|-
|1997/98||Salgueiros||Portuguese Liga||3||0
|-
|1998/99||Beira-Mar||Portuguese Liga||12||0
|-
|1999/00||Alverca||Portuguese Liga||17||0

|-
|2000/01||Reggina||Serie A||22||0

|-
|2001/02||Benfica||Portuguese Liga||27||0

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Girondins Bordeaux||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||30||0
|-
|2003/04||35||0

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Valencia||rowspan="2"|La Liga||22||1
|-
|2005/06||5||0

|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Sporting Portugal||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||15||1
|-
|2006/07||25||0

|-
|2007/08||Valencia||La Liga||19||0

|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Sporting Portugal||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||21||0
|-
|2009/10||||
121||1
22||0
65||0
46||1
254||2
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|2002||2||0
|-
|2003||2||0
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
|2005||6||0
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
!Total||24||0
|}

References 

1979 births
Living people
Portuguese footballers
Rubén Baraja

Rubén Baraja (born 11 July 1975) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Valencia.

Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Real Valladolid||rowspan="3"|La Liga||5||1
|-
|1994/95||9||0
|-
|1995/96||27||1
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="4"|Atlético Madrid||rowspan="4"|La Liga||0||0
|-
|1997/98||0||0
|-
|1998/99||8||1
|-
|1999/00||26||3
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="10"|Valencia||rowspan="10"|La Liga||35||4
|-
|2001/02||17||7
|-
|2002/03||35||5
|-
|2003/04||35||8
|-
|2004/05||25||7
|-
|2005/06||31||4
|-
|2006/07||14||1
|-
|2007/08||25||2
|-
|2008/09||28||3
|-
|2009/10||||
320||47
320||47
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2000||3||1
|-
|2001||5||1
|-
|2002||10||3
|-
|2003||10||0
|-
|2004||12||2
|-
|2005||3||0
|-
!Total||43||7
|}

References

1975 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
People from Valladolid
Katsutomo Oshiba

Katsutomo Oshiba (born 10 May 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="4"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="3"|Football League||15||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||17||2
|-
|1997||24||9||3||0||colspan="2"|-||27||9
|-
|1998||17||2||4||3||colspan="2"|-||21||5
|-
|1999||J. League 2||36||7||0||0||2||0||38||7
|-
|2000||rowspan="4"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||22||2||3||0||3||0||28||2
|-
|2001||30||9||3||1||6||1||39||11
|-
|2002||27||4||4||1||1||0||32||5
|-
|2003||13||0||0||0||1||0||14||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||39||9||2||0||colspan="2"|-||41||9
|-
|2005||40||10||1||0||colspan="2"|-||41||10
|-
|2006||14||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||16||1
277||55||24||5||13||1||314||61
277||55||24||5||13||1||314||61
|}

References

1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamanashi Prefecture
Héctor Cúper

Héctor Cúper (born 16 November 1955) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team.

International career statistics

|-
!Total||5||0
|}

References

Argentine footballers
Argentine football managers
1955 births
Living people
Fabio Capello

Fabio Capello (born 18 June 1946) is an Italian former football player. He has played for Italy national team. He was coach to the England national football team from 2008-2012.

Club career statistics

|-
|1963/64||rowspan="4"|SPAL||Serie A||4||0
|-
|1964/65||Serie B||9||0
|-
|1965/66||rowspan="2"|Serie A||20||1
|-
|1966/67||16||2
|-
|1967/68||rowspan="3"|Roma||rowspan="3"|Serie A||11||1
|-
|1968/69||25||6
|-
|1969/70||26||4
|-
|1970/71||rowspan="6"|Juventus||rowspan="6"|Serie A||27||5
|-
|1971/72||29||9
|-
|1972/73||27||3
|-
|1973/74||27||4
|-
|1974/75||28||3
|-
|1975/76||27||3
|-
|1976/77||rowspan="4"|Milan||rowspan="4"|Serie A||26||1
|-
|1977/78||28||3
|-
|1978/79||8||0
|-
|1979/80||3||0
341||45
341||45
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1972||6||1
|-
|1973||8||3
|-
|1974||6||1
|-
|1975||4||1
|-
|1976||8||2
|-
!Total||32||8
|}

References

1946 births
Living people
1974 FIFA World Cup players
England national football team managers
Italian football managers
Italian footballers
Italian Roman Catholics
Sportspeople from Friuli Venezia-Giulia
Shohei Ikeda

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||rowspan="5"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2001||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2002||27||0||3||0||7||0||2||1||39||1
|-
|2003||28||2||4||0||3||0||2||0||37||2
|-
|2004||8||0||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2005||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||10||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||12||0
|-
|2006||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||13||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|-
|2008||27||0||5||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|-
|2009||19||0||0||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||24||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||||||
155||2||10||0||28||0||4||1||197||3
155||2||10||0||28||0||4||1||197||3
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Stefano Fiore

Stefano Fiore (born 17 April 1975) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||Cosenza||Serie B||11||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||12||1
|-
|1994/95||Parma||Serie A||8||1||6||0||6||0||20||1
|-
|1995/96||Padova||Serie A||24||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||25||1
|-
|1996/97||ChievoVerona||Serie B||38||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||40||3|
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Parma||rowspan="2"|Serie A||36||1||7||1||6||0||39||12
|-
|1998/99||38||1||9||0||10||2||47||13
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Udinese||rowspan="2"|Serie A||33||9||1||0||8||1||42||10
|-
|2000/01||34||9||6||0||5||0||45||9
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Lazio||rowspan="3"|Serie A||30||3||2||0||8||2||40||10
|-
|2002/03||33||6||5||1||8||2||46||9
|-
|2003/04||32||8||7||6||8||2||47||11

|-
|2004/05||Valencia||La Liga||20||2||||||3||0||23||2

|-
|2005/06||Fiorentina||Serie A||38||6||3||1||colspan="2"|-||41||7
|-
|2006/07||Torino||Serie A||19||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|-
|2006/07||Livorno||Serie A||16||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||2
|-
|2007/08||Mantova||Serie B||24||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||3
|-
|2009/10||Cosenza||LP Prima Divisione||||||||||||||||
394||53||50||10||62||9||506||72
20||2||||||3||0||23||2
414||55||50||10||65||9||529||74
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2000||14||1
|-
|2001||7||1
|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||7||0
|-
|2004||9||0
|-
!Total||38||2
|}

References

1975 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Junk food

Junk food is a term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar and/or bad fat with less protein, good fat, fibre, vitamins or minerals. 

The term describes that a particular food has less nutrition value and contains a lot of bad fat, sugar, salt and calories. "Junk food" can also refer to high protein food with large amounts of meat. For example, It is prepared with too much bad fat. Hamburgers, fried chicken, and candies are examples of junk food. Most of the fast food belongs to junk food, and most junk food is fast food, too.

There are concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a junk food-heavy diet.  Especially fatness has resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and in restrictions on advertisements and sales in several countries.

Related pages 
Convenience food

Foods
Tropical Storm Aletta (2006)

Tropical Storm Aletta was the first tropical cyclone in the 2006 Pacific hurricane season. Aletta began from a weather system that was located to the south-southwest of the Mexican port of Acapulco, Guerrero. It slowly got stronger, and it was named as a tropical depression early on May 27. Aletta became a tropical storm later that morning. The storm moved very slowly, but it later turned to the west and weakened on May 29. Aletta kept weakening weakening until it died out on May 31. The storm dropped rain along the coast of Mexican. It also caused winds that knocked down trees and caused minor damage.

Hurricanes in Mexico
East Pacific tropical storms
Hurricanes
2006 in North America
2000s in Mexico
May events
Boldo

Boldo (Peumus boldus) is a kind of tree that can be found in the central part of Chile. It is the only species in the genus Peumus. It is a big part of the sclerophyllous forests found in the central part of Chile. Boldo has also been introduced to Europe and North Africa, though it is not often seen outside botanical gardens.

Its leaves are used for culinary purposes, mostly in Latin America.  They have a strong, woody and slightly bitter flavor and camphor-like aroma. They are used in a similar manner to bay leaves and also used as an herbal tea.

Herbs
Magnoliopsida
Trees
1978 January subtropical storm

Subtropical Storm One gave the 1978 Huricane season a very early start when it became the only Atlantic cyclone to form in the month of January, after it had formed on January 18. It dissipated on the 23rd causing no damage to land and only threatening land briefly. There were two storm in the month of January but they formed in December, they were: Hurricane Alice in 1954 and Tropical Storm Zeta in 2005. Since 1978 there has never another Tropical or Subtropical cyclone to form in the month of January.

Name

Because there was no naming system for Subtropical Storms at the time, this was called Subtropical Storm One, had it been given a name it would be "Subtropical Storm Amelia".

References

Subtropical cyclones
1978
Regional Railways

Regional Railways was one of the three passenger sectors of British Rail. It was created in 1982. It finished operation in 1996, two years after privatisation. The sector was originally called Provincial.

The split-up for privatisation

Before privatisation, the Regional Railways sector was split into several different franchises ready for privatisation.
Anglia Railways, later National Express East Anglia
Central Trains and Central Citylink, later London Midland, East Midlands Trains and CrossCountry
Merseyrail Electrics, later Merseyrail
North West Regional Railways, later North Western Trains, later First North Western Now part of Northern Rail
Regional Railways Northeast, later Northern Spirit, later Arriva Trains Northern  Split into Northern Rail and **TransPennine Express
ScotRail, later First ScotRail
Wales and West Later split into
Wales and Borders, now part of Arriva Trains Wales
Wessex Trains, now part of First Great Western

British Rail
Berlin Philharmonic

The Berlin Philharmonic (in German: Die Berliner Philharmoniker), is an orchestra from Berlin, Germany. It is one of the greatest orchestras in the world. The conductor of the orchestra is Sir Simon Rattle.

History 

The Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra was founded in Berlin in the spring of 1882. By 1887 they were known by their present name. Hans von Bülow became their conductor that year and made them into a world class orchestra. Other great conductors were also invited to conduct as guests: Hans Richter, Felix von Weingartner, Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler, Johannes Brahms and Edvard Grieg. 

In 1895, Arthur Nikisch became chief conductor, and was followed in 1923 by Wilhelm Furtwängler. The orchestra continued to perform throughout World War II. After Furtwängler fled to Switzerland in 1945, Leo Borchard became chief conductor, but a few months later he was accidentally shot and killed by American forces occupying Berlin. Sergiu Celibidache then took over as chief conductor for seven years, from 1945 to1952. Furtwängler returned in 1952 and conducted the orchestra until his death in 1954.

Herbert von Karajan led the orchestra from 1955 until he resigned in April 1989. He was a very strict conductor who had to be obeyed in everything he did. The orchestra made lots of great recordings with him. 

After Karajan, Claudio Abbado became principal conductor. He helped the orchestra to learn new works, not just the well known classical and romantic works but also the more modern 20th century works. He stopped conducting the Berlin Philharmonic in 2002. At the time Germany was being reunited the orchestra had financial problems.

In June 1999, the musicians chose Sir Simon Rattle as their next chief conductor. Rattle made the orchestra into a self-governing body. This meant that they made their own financial decisions and chose the works they would perform and who would be invited to perform with them. 

The first concert hall of the orchestra was destroyed during WWII in 1944. Since 1963, the orchestra has had a new concert hall called the Philharmonie. On 20 May 2008, a fire broke out at the Philharmonie. A quarter of the roof was damaged and the orchestra could not play there for some time.

The orchestra have won many awards for their playing.

UNICEF appointed the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra and Sir Simon Rattle as Goodwill Ambassadors in November 2007.

On 18 December 2008 the Orchestra announced that a Digital Concert Hall would be built. This new internet platform will allow music fans all over the world to see and hear the Philharmonic’s concerts – live or on demand.

Principal conductors 
 Ludwig von Brenner (1882-1887)
 Hans von Bülow (1887-1892)
 Arthur Nikisch (1895-1922)
 Wilhelm Furtwängler (1922-1945) 
 Leo Borchard (May-August 1945)
 Sergiu Celibidache (1945-1952)
 Wilhelm Furtwängler (1952-1954) 
 Herbert von Karajan (1954-1989)
 Claudio Abbado (1989-2002) 
 Simon Rattle (2002-present)

Other websites 
 Berliner Philharmoniker official website

German orchestras
Poughkeepsie, New York

Poughkeepsie () is a city in New York, which is in the United States. It is the county seat of Dutchess County, New York. The city sits along the Hudson River, between New York City and Albany.

The Poughkeepsie Bridge is in this city. It was an early state capital of New York before the capital moved permanently to Albany.

 
New York
County seats in New York
Beacon, New York

Beacon is a city in Dutchess County, New York, in the United States. The 2000 United States census says that the city is home to 13,808 people. Beacon is part of the Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. Beacon was named in memory of fires that burned from the summit of the Fishkill Mountains to warn the Continental Army about British troops.

Other websites

Cities in New York
Dutchess County, New York
Agate

Agate is a kind of quartz and it is a mineral. Agate can come in many different kinds and colors. Agate deposits are primarily found in large rocks such as boulders. agates take 50 million years to form. It is characterized by colored  band patterns inside various rocks. Often, agates are also accompanied by Amethyst deposits inside.

References

Minerals
RNA virus

RNA viruses are viruses that use RNA as their genetic material. In humans, well-known RNA viruses are those that cause SARS, Influenza or Hepatitis C.

Viruses that are not RNA viruses use DNA for their genome and are called DNA viruses.

Viruses have a classification system, invented by David Baltimore, a Nobel Prize winner. The RNA viruses in the Baltimore system are classified as:
IV: (+)ssRNA viruses (+ strand or sense) RNA (e.g. Picornaviruses, Togaviruses)
V: (−)ssRNA viruses (− strand or antisense) RNA (e.g. Orthomyxoviruses, Rhabdoviruses)
VI: ssRNA-RT viruses (+ strand or sense) RNA with DNA intermediate in life-cycle (e.g. Retroviruses)
"Sense" in RNA means "ready to make proteins, as messenger RNA does". "Antisense" in RNA means "complementary to messenger RNA". In  complete complementarity each nucleotide is across from its opposite number, so antisense RNA can produce sense RNA. 

Another system is run by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). It uses terms from the familiar Linnaean taxonomy, like orders and families.

Mutation rates 
RNA viruses have very high mutation rates compared to DNA viruses. This is because viral RNA polymerases lack the proof-reading ability of DNA polymerases. This explains why it is difficult to make effective vaccines to prevent diseases caused by RNA viruses.

Some genes of  RNA virus are important to the viral replication cycles and mutations are not tolerated. For example, the bit of the hepatitis C virus genome which encodes the core protein is highly conserved, because it is essential to start translation.

Related pages
 Coronavirus
 DNA virus
 Paramyxovirus
 Tobacco Mosaic Virus
 Virology

References 

Viruses
DNA virus

DNA viruses use DNA for their genome. An example of a DNA virus is Herpes simplex. Viruses that are not DNA viruses use RNA for their genome and are called RNA viruses.

Viruses
DNA