cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
I'll Get By (movie)

I'll Get By is a 1950 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Richard Sale and is the remake of 1940 film Tin Pan Alley. It stars June Haver, Gloria DeHaven, William Lundigan, Dennis Day, Thelma Ritter, Steve Allen and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1951.

Other websites
 

1950 comedy movies
1950 romance movies
1950s musical movies
1950s romantic comedy movies
American musical movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Richard Sale
20th Century Fox movies
Autonomous Region of Bougainville

Bougainville ( ; Tok Pisin: Bogenvil ), officially the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, is an autonomous region in Papua New Guinea. The largest island is Bougainville Island, while the region also includes Buka Island and a number of outlying islands and atolls.

The interim capital is Buka.

In 2011, the region had an estimated population of 250,000 people.

In late 2019, an independence referendum was held with 98.31% voting for independence rather than continued autonomy within Papua New Guinea.

References

Autonomous areas
Papua New Guinea
Kinderdijk

Kinderdijk (Children dike in English) is a hamlet in the province of South Holland, the Netherlands. It lies in the very northeast of the municipality of Molenlanden, at the meetingplace of the Lek and Noord rivers.

Kinderdijk is famous for its windmills and therefore an UNESCO World Heritage Site.

World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands
Settlements in South Holland
Molenlanden
Sylvia Earle

Sylvia Alice Earle (née Reade; born August 30, 1935) is an American marine biologist, explorer, author, and educator. She is a National Geographic explorer. 

Earle was the first female chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and was named by Time Magazine as its first Hero for the Planet in 1998.

References

1935 births
Living people
American biologists
Educators from New Jersey
American environmentalists
Researchers
Scientists from New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
Marine biologists
Gibbstown, New Jersey

Gibbstown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Greenwich Township, in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 3,739.

References

Unincorporated communities in New Jersey
Census-designated places in New Jersey
Greenwich Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey

Greenwich Township is a township in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States.  As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 4,899.

References

Townships in New Jersey
William Moulton Marston

William Moulton Marston (May 9, 1893 – May 2, 1947), also known by the pen name Charles Moulton () was an American psychologist and comic book writer. He invented an early version of the lie detector. He was also known as a self-help author and comic book writer who created the character Wonder Woman.

References

1893 births
1947 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York
American psychologists
Wonder Woman
American comics writers
American inventors
Scientists from Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
Businesspeople from Massachusetts
Saugus, Massachusetts

Saugus is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. The population was 26,628 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in Massachusetts
Born Reckless (1930 movie)

Born Reckless is a 1930 American crime comedy movie directed by John Ford and stars Edmund Lowe, Lee Tracy, Marguerite Churcill, Frank Albertson, Ward Bond, John Wayne, Randolph Scott. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1930 movies
1930s comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by John Ford
Natasha Liu Bordizzo

Natasha Liu Bordizzo (; born 25 August 1994) is an Australian actress and model. She is known for her roles as Snow Vase in Netflix's Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny and Helena in Netflix's The Society.

References

Other websites

1994 births
Living people
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Australian voice actors
Australian models
Actors from Sydney
Mehmet Ali Talat

Mehmet Ali Talat (born 6 July 1952) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. He was the President of Northern Cyprus from 2005 to 2010. Talat is the leader of the social democratic Republican Turkish Party (, CTP). He was the Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus from 2004 to 2005.

References

1952 births
Living people
Presidents of Northern Cyprus
Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus
Derviş Eroğlu

Derviş Eroğlu (born March 7, 1938) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. He was the third President of Northern Cyprus. He was the Prime Minister (1985–94, 1996–2004 and again 2009–10) and twice-leader of the National Unity Party. 

He became President on 23 April 2010. He left the office on 30 April 2015.

References

1938 births
Living people
Turkish politicians
Presidents of Northern Cyprus
Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus
Mustafa Akıncı

Mustafa Akıncı (; born 28 December 1947) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. He served as the fourth President of Northern Cyprus. from April 2015 to October 2020.

References

1947 births
Living people
Turkish politicians
Presidents of Northern Cyprus
Hakkı Atun

Hakkı Atun (born 1935) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. He was the Prime Minister Northern Cyprus from 1994 to 1996. He was born in Famagusta in 1935. He was the Speaker of the Assembly from 1985 to 1993 and again from 1996 to 1998.

1935 births
Living people
Turkish politicians
Speakers of the Assembly of Northern Cyprus
Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus
Ersin Tatar

Ersin Tatar (born 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. He is the Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus since 2019. He is also the leader of the National Unity Party (UBP) and was Leader of the Opposition.

References

1960 births
Living people
Turkish politicians
Current national leaders
Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus
List of prime ministers of Northern Cyprus

This is a chronological list of every government formed by the prime ministers of Northern Cyprus. A new number is allocated to each new Prime Minister.

List of prime ministers of Northern Cyprus (1975–present)

Prime ministers of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus (1975–1983)
This list gives all prime ministers after the founding of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, which was intended as an autonomous part of Cyprus, but was rejected by the government of the Republic of Cyprus.

Prime ministers of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1983–present)
This list gives all prime ministers after Northern Cyprus' unilateral declaration of independence in 1983, which followed after the refusal of the government of the Republic of Cyprus to recognize the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus.
Willy Hautvast

Johannes Wilhelmus "Willy" Hautvast  (31 August 1932 – 6 May 2020) was a Dutch clarinetist, composer and conductor. He was born in Maastricht, the Netherlands. 

He became solo clarinet player in the Dutch Royal Navy Band from 1951 until 1974. He also became arranger, he arranged around 250 pieces for this band at the Royal Air Force Chapel.  In 1974 he became director at the Band and Classical Department at the Music Education Center The Lindenberg in Nijmegen. He has conducted several orchestras. 

In 1991 he was awarded Knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau.

Hautvast died in Nijmegen on 6 May 2020, aged 87.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Clarinetists
21st-century Dutch composers
20th-century Dutch composers
Dutch conductors
Dutch musicians
People from Maastricht
Sibel Siber

Sibel Siber (born 13 December 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician. She was the Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus between 13 June 2013 and 2 September 2013. She was the first female Prime Minister. Siber was the Speaker of Parliament, the Assembly of the Republic of Northern Cyprus from 2013 to 2018.

References

1960 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus
Speakers of the Assembly of Northern Cyprus
List of speakers of the Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)

List of speakers of the Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus) is the list of individuals who were speakers of the Assembly of the Republic.

List
Below is a list of office-holders:

References
House of Representatives (Cyprus)

The House of Representatives ( ; ) is the parliament of the Republic of Cyprus. Members are elected by proportional representation every five years. 30% of seats are given to the Turkish Cypriot community, but these have been empty since 1964.

Presidents of the House of Representatives
The following people have been Presidents of the House
 Glafkos Klerides: August 1960 – July 22, 1976
 Tassos Papadopoulos: July 22, 1976 – September 20, 1976
 Spyros Kyprianou: September 20, 1976 – September, 1977
 Alekos Michaelides: September, 1977 – June 4, 1981
 Georgios Ladas: June 4, 1981 – December 30, 1985
 Vassos Lyssaridis: December 30, 1985 – May 30, 1991
 Alexis Galanos: May 30, 1991 – June 6, 1996
 Spyros Kyprianou: June 6, 1996 – June 7, 2001
 Dimitris Christofias: June 7, 2001 – February 28, 2008
 Marios Karoyian: March 7, 2008 – June 2, 2011
 Yiannakis Omirou: June 2, 2011 – June 2, 2016
 Demetris Syllouris: June 2, 2016 – present

References

Cyprus
Demetris Syllouris

Demetris Syllouris (; ; born 27 July 1953) is a Greek-Cypriot politician. He is the President of the Cypriot parliament since 2018. He was the leader of the European Party between 2005 and 2016.

Other websites
 

1953 births
Living people
Presidents of the House of Representatives (Cyprus)
Alexis Galanos

Alexis Galanos (Greeκ: Αλέξης Γαλανός, 30 August 1940 – 15 July 2019) was a Greek Cypriot politician. He was President of the House of Representatives of Cyprus from 1991 to 1996.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
Presidents of the House of Representatives (Cyprus)
You Can't Have Everything

You Can't Have Everything is a 1937 American musical movie directed by Norman Taurog and starring Alice Faye, Don Ameche, Al Ritz, Jimmy Ritz, Harry Ritz, Gypsy Rose Lee. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 

1937 movies
1930s musical movies
American musical movies
Movies directed by Norman Taurog
Sibel Kekilli

Sibel Kekilli (born 16 June 1980) is a German actress. She is known for her role as Shae in the HBO series Game of Thrones. She began as a pornographic actress.

References

Other websites

1980 births
Living people
German movie actors
German television actors
Pornographic actors
Carice van Houten

Carice Anouk van Houten (; born 5 September 1976) is a Dutch actress and singer. She became well known for her role in Black Book (2006).

She was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for Valkyrie (2008).

Van Houten is also known for her role as Melisandre on the HBO television series Game of Thrones (2012–2019).

References

1976 births
Living people
Dutch movie actors
Dutch television actors
Dutch voice actors
Dutch stage actors
Dutch singers
John Pope (military officer)

John Pope was a career military officer during the American Civil War. He was a general in the Union Army.

References 
1822 births
1892 deaths
American Civil War
American generals
American military people
People from Louisville, Kentucky
Down Argentine Way

Down Argentine Way is a 1940 American musical movie directed by Irving Cummings and starring Betty Grable, Don Ameche, Charlotte Greenwood, Carmen Miranda, Kay Aldridge, Henry Stephenson, J. Carrol Naish. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for three Academy Awards in 1941.

Other websites

 

1940 movies
1940s musical movies
American musical movies
Movies set in South America
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Irving Cummings
The Mortal Storm

The Mortal Storm is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Phyllis Bottome. It stars Margaret Sullivan, James Stewart, Robert Young, Robert Stack, Frank Morgan, Irene Rich, Ward Bond, Esther Dale and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites
 
 

1940 movies
1940s drama movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Frank Borzage
Enemy Agent

Enemy Agent is a 1940 American thriller movie directed by Lew Landers and starring Richard Cromwell, Helen Vinson, Robert Armstrong. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites
 

1940 movies
1940s thriller movies
American thriller movies
Slaughter on Tenth Avenue

Slaughter on Tenth Avenue is a 1957 American crime drama movie directed by Arnold Laven and starring Richard Egan, Jan Sterling, Dan Duryea, Julie Adams, Walter Matthau, Charles McGraw, Mickey Shaughnessy. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites

1957 drama movies
1950s crime movies
American crime drama movies
Movies directed by Arnold Laven
Church of the Gesù

The Church of the Gesù (, ) is the mother church of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), a Catholic religious order. 

Roman Catholic churches
Father of the Nation

The Father of the Nation is an honorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of his country, state, or a nation.  (plural ), also seen as , was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland", bestowed by the Senate on heroes, and later on emperors. In monarchies, the monarch was often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as a patriarch to guide his family. This concept is expressed in the Divine Right espoused in some monarchies, while in others it is codified into constitutional law as in Spain, where the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of the unity and permanence of the nation. The title "Father of the Nation" however is politically contested, e.g. in 1972 the Constitution of Bangladesh declared Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to be "father of the nation". The BNP government removed this in 2004, to the protests of the opposition Awami League, led by Rahman's daughter Sheikh Hasina.

List
The following Gentlemen are still often called the "Father" of their respective nations.

Related pages 
 Mother of the Nation

References 

Nationalism
Round of drinks

A round of drinks is a set of alcoholic beverages bought by one person in a group for the whole group. The buyer buys the round of drinks as a single order at the bar. In many places it is common for people to take turns buying rounds.

It is a nearly ubiquitous custom in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia.  In Australia and New Zealand it is called shouting.

References

Language
Drinks
Micropigmentation

Micropigmentation is a process through which tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) are designed in such a way that it resemble makeup like eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids. Micropigmentation is also used to create artificial eyebrows, particularly in people who have lost them as a consequence of old age or disease. This is also used by people to disguise scars and white spots in the skin such as in vitiligo.

References

Cosmetics
Dermatology
Fraisse-Cabardès

Fraisse-Cabardès is a commune of 104 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Fraissé-des-Corbières

Fraissé-des-Corbières is a commune of 220 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Gaja-la-Selve

Gaja-la-Selve is a commune of 143 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Sara Fabel

Sara Fabel is model, actress, and tattoo artist from Finland.

Biography
She initially started posting her artworks and modeling photos through her social media platforms like Facebook, Tumblr and Instagram. In late 2010, she had developed a fan base around her art and modelling. Then she started traveling to create contacts with international photographers and artists to get herself involved in collaborations and campaigns. After coming to United States in 2013, Sara Fabel retired from modeling and started her career in art.

She also collaborated with Kevin Llewellyn which was featured in Kat Von D's Wonderland gallery.

References

Finnish people
Finnish artists
Living people
1986 births
Ayron

Ayron is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.

Communes in Vienne
Khichdi

Khichdi (), is a dish from the Indian subcontinent made from rice and lentils (dal), but other variations include bajra and mung dal kichri. In Indian culture, it is considered one of the first solid foods that babies eat. Kichri is a salty porridge. The Anglo-Indian dish Kedgeree is thought to derive from khichri. India has designated it as the "National dish", as it is being globally promoted by the Government of India as "Queen of all Foods".

References

Indian food
National symbols of India
Pakistani food
Richard Jantz

Richard Jantz is an American Anthropologist. He focused on fields such as forensic anthropology, genetics, and also organized existing information in databases. He has written over 100 published articles, and his research has led the fields of physical and forensic anthropology. Jantz is currently a professor for the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee.

Background 
Richard Jantz grew up in central Kansas, and went to Kansas University. At school, he found that his strengths lay in statistical analysis.

Research 
Jantz's recent research involves measuring the differences in bone size and shape between different Native American tribes. In this research, he challenged work done by Franz Boas, a founder of modern anthropology. The original study, done by Boas in the early 1900s, showed that children born in America had bones closer to other American adults, and children born in Europe had bones closer to those of other Europeans. In 2002, Jantz did his own study to test Boas' findings. He writes that he found no significant difference between the bones of American and European children, but his study receives criticism from many other anthropologists. 

A well-respected anthropologist, Jonathan Marks, said that Jantz's new research "has the ring of desperation to it (if not obfuscation), and has been quickly rebutted by more mainstream biological anthropology." Later, other anthropologists also looked back over Boas' study and found that he was actually correct.  

Richard Jantz has also worked to advance scientific methods of determining sex based on bone shape. He has worked with many Native American remains to organize data in large computer databases. 

Jantz played a large role in the discovery and legal battle over a prehistoric skeleton called the Kennewick Man, suing the government to get more access to it for research. He argued that since the skeleton was radiocarbon dated to about 9,000 years old, no modern-day Native American tribes could really claim the skeletons as their own under the NAGPRA law. 

He worked to identify the crew of a confederate shipwreck found near South Carolina, and was part of a reexamination of the Nikumaroro bones to determine if they could have belonged to Amelia Earhart.

References 

American anthropologists
Living people
Generville

Generville is a commune of 60 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Gourvieille

Gourvieille is a commune of 76 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References

Other websites

Communes in Aude
Gruissan

Gruissan is a commune of 5,000 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Homps, Aude

Homps is a commune of 591 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References

Other websites

Communes in Aude
Issel, Aude

Issel is a commune of 488 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Roquetaillade-et-Conilhac

Roquetaillade-et-Conilhac is a commune of 277 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of Roquetaillade (the seat) and Conilhac-de-la-Montagne.

References 

2019 establishments in France
Communes in Aude
Speech disorder

A speech disorder or speech impairment is a persistent communication problem, caused by problems with speaking. People with speech impairments have problems making certain sounds, forming words, or combining these words into sentences. Common speech impairments are stuttering and lisps. Someone who cannot speak at all is called mute.

References

Human communication
Language
Clatsop County, Oregon

Clatsop County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the county has a population of 37,039 people. The county seat is Astoria.

Oregon counties
Clay Center, Nebraska

Clay Center is a city in Nebraska in the United States. It is the county seat of Clay County.

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Broken Bow, Nebraska

Broken Bow is a city in Nebraska in the United States. It is the county seat of Custer County.

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Minden, Nebraska

Minden is a city in Nebraska in the United States. It is the county seat of Kearney County.

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Gering, Nebraska

Gering is a city in Nebraska in the United States. It is the county seat of Scotts Bluff County.

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Hyannis, Nebraska

Hyannis is a village in Nebraska in the United States. It is the county seat of Grant County.

Villages in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Jonquières, Aude

Jonquières is a commune of 59 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Labastide-d'Anjou

Labastide-d'Anjou is a commune of 1,326 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Laprade, Aude

Laprade is a commune of 95 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Marc Alfos

Marc Alfos (January 1, 1956 - August 3, 2012) is a French voice actor.

Filmography

Animated roles
 Godzilla: The Series - Major Anthony Hicks
 Superman: The Animated Series - Kalibak

Live-action roles
 24 - Jonathan Wallace

Film roles
 A Bug's Life - Dim
 Asterix and the Vikings - Timandahaf
 Hercules - Nessus
 Muppet Treasure Island - Billy Bones
 Over the Hedge - Dwayne LaFontant
 Renaissance - Nusrat Farfella
 Robots - Jack Hammer
 Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas - Kale
 The Incredibles - Mr. Incredible/Bob Parr
 Toy Story - Sarge
 Toy Story 2 - Sarge
 Toy Story 3 - Sarge

Video game roles
 Dark Messiah of Might and Magic - Human Leader

References

Other websites 
 IMDb Profile

French voice actors
1956 births
2012 deaths
Smith set

In voting systems, the Smith set, named after John H. Smith, but also known as the top cycle, or as Generalized Top-Choice Assumption (GETCHA), is the smallest non-empty set of candidates in an election such that more voters prefer any candidate in the set over any candidate not in the set in head-to-head matchups. The Smith set is one way to determine who the best candidates in an election are.  Voting systems that always elect a candidate from the Smith set pass the Smith criterion and are said to be "Smith-efficient".

A set of candidates where every candidate in the set pairwise beats every candidate not in the set is known as a dominating set.

Properties 

 The Smith set always exists.  There is only one smallest dominating set since dominating sets are nested and non-empty and there is a limited number of candidates.
 The Smith set can have more than one candidate, either because of pairwise ties or because of cycles, such as in Condorcet's paradox.
 The Condorcet winner, if one exists, is the only member of the Smith set. If weak Condorcet winners exist then they are in the Smith set.
 The Smith set only contains candidates who are also in the mutual majority-preferred set of candidates, if one exists.

Algorithms 
The Smith set can be calculated with the Floyd–Warshall algorithm in time Θ.  It can also be calculated using a version of Kosaraju's algorithm or Tarjan's algorithm in time Θ.

It can also be found by ordering the candidates by their number of pairwise victories minus pairwise defeats (a Copeland method ranking), and then looking for the smallest group of candidates, starting from the top, who pairwise beat all candidates not already in the group.

Example using the Copeland ranking:

A pairwise loses to C, so it is certain that all candidates from A through C (A, B, and C) are in the Smith set. However, there is one matchup where a candidate who is known to be in the Smith set loses or ties someone who may or may not be in the Smith set: C loses to D; so D is confirmed to be in the Smith set. Another such matchup can now be seen: D ties with E. So E is added into the Smith set. Because all of A through E beat all candidates other than each other, the Smith set is A through E.

Related pages 

 Condorcet criterion
 Condorcet method
 Landau set
 Preorder
 Partial order

References 

   In an analysis of serial decision making based on majority rule, describes the Smith set and the Schwartz set.
   Introduces a version of a generalized Condorcet Criterion that is satisfied when pairwise elections are based on simple majority choice, and for any dominating set, any candidate in the set is collectively preferred to any candidate not in the set.  But Smith does not discuss the idea of a smallest dominating set.
   Narrows Smith's generalized Condorcet Criterion to the smallest dominating set and calls it Smith's Condorcet Principle.
   Discusses the Smith set (named GETCHA) and the Schwartz set (named GOTCHA) as possible standards for optimal collective choice.

Other websites 

 Example algorithms to calculate the Smith set

Voting systems
Tomás Carlovich

Tomás Felipe Carlovich (20 April 1949 – 8 May 2020) was an Argentine professional football player and coach. He was born in Rosario, Argentina. As a coach, he managed Central Córdoba. As a player, he played for Rosario Central, Central Córdoba and Independiente Rivadavia.

On 6 May 2020, Carlovich was beaten with a shovel by a robber in Rosario while riding his bike. He died two days later in a coma at a hospital from his injuries, aged 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
Deaths by beating
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Murdered sportspeople
Argentine footballers
Cécile Rol-Tanguy

Cécile Rol-Tanguy (10 April 1919 – 8 May 2020) was a French communist. She was a Resistance fighter during World War II. She was active in the liberation of Paris. She was secretariat and a liaison officer, in charge of operations and confidential communications. She was born in Royan, Saintonge.

In 2008, Rol-Tanguy became the Grand Officer of the Legion d’Honneur.

Rol-Tanguy died at her home in Monteaux, Loir-et-Cher on 8 May 2020, aged 101.

References

Activists
French centenarians
1919 births
2020 deaths
Madeleine Riffaud

Madeleine Riffaud (born 23 August 1924) is a French poet, journalist, war correspondent and a member of the French Resistance. She was born in Arvillers, France. Riffaud was awarded the National Order of Merit.

She began operating for the French Forces of the Interior at the age of 18 under the codename "Rainer". On July 23, 1944, at age 19, she became known for the killing of a German officer, whom she shot dead. Shortly afterwards, she was captured by the Gestapo and was nearly executed.

After the war ended in 1945, she became a journalist for Ce Soir, a French newspaper.

References

1924 births
Living people
French journalists
French poets
Activists
War correspondents
Marie-José Chombart de Lauwe

Marie-José Chombart de Lauwe (née Wilborts; born 31 May 1923) is a French sociologist, activist and World War II resistance fighter. She was born in Paris. In 2008, she was honored with the Legion of Honour. 

During World War II, she was arrested by the Gestapo to La Santé Prison. She was nearly executed. 

In 1954, she began working for the National Centre for Scientific Research. In 1996, she became Chair of the Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation.

References

Other websites
 Portrait  de Marie-José Chombart de Lauwe

1923 births
Living people
Activists
French sociologists
Scientists from Paris
Writers from Paris
Irish Home Rule

Irish Home Rule was a proposed system of government in Ireland, in which Ireland would have its own government inside the United Kingdom. Until 1920, Ireland was ruled directly by the British government. British members of parliament tried to pass bills for Home Rule in 1896, 1893, and 1912, but they never got enough votes to pass. Irish Nationalists supported Home Rule, and Irish Unionists opposed it.

The 1886 bill was supported by the Liberal Party, but did not get enough votes in the House of Commons. The 1893 bill got enough votes to pass in the House of Commons, but not the House of Lords.  William Gladstone was an important supporter of both. The 1912 bill also passed in the House of Commons, but not the House of Lords. In 1912, Unionists in Ulster signed a document called the Ulster Covenant, and made an army called the Ulster Volunteers, to fight against Home Rule.

Although many Nationalists wanted Home Rule, some thought it was not good enough. Most members of the party Sinn Féin wanted Ireland to be completely separate from Great Britain. Sinn Féin became the most powerful party in 1916 and made their own government in Dublin, the Dáil Éireann. Irish Nationalists fought in the Irish War of Independence against the British government from 1919-1921. In 1920, Britain passed a law that said there would be two parliaments, one for Northern Ireland, and one for Southern Ireland. This was a form of Home Rule. However, the Southern Ireland parliament never met. The war did not end until the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which created the Irish Free State. The Irish Free State still had the same king as Britain, but had a separate government.

Related pages

 History of Ireland

References 

History of Ireland
Frinkcoin

"Frinkcoin" is the 13th episode of the 31st season of The Simpsons. It was first shown on television in the United States on the Fox network on February 23, 2020. In the episode, Professor Frink makes a new cryptocurrency. The episode was watched by 1.84 million people when it was first shown on television.

Plot 

The Simpson family are eating at a vegan restaurant, wanting Lisa to pick them for a project at school. She chooses Professor Frink because he wants to help the world with science. At Springfield University, Lisa interviews Professor Frink. Frink says he is making a new cryptocurrency called Frinkcoin.

Frinkcoin becomes well known, making Frink the richest man in Springfield. Mr. Burns is angry because he is no longer the richest man in Springfield. Frink feels lonely, so Marge says that he should go to Moe's Tavern. Frink gets every question correct in Moe's trivia questions, so they become friends with Frink. Frink shows his friends Springfield's best places. Smithers gets a team of people to create a cryptocurrency for Mr. Burns. The team creates an equation to make Frinkcoin worth nothing, but it will take thousands of years to calculate. Instead, Mr. Burns tells Frink that his friends only like him because he is rich.

Burns brings the equation to Springfield for a crowdsourcing solution. Frink finds out that his friends only like him because he is rich. Frink solves the equation himself, but only Lisa knows. Frink loses all of his money, but he is happy to be friends with Lisa and to go back to his university.

Reception 

Dennis Perkins of The A.V. Club gave the episode a score of B and says that the episode "uses the cryptocurrency concept as an excuse for a largely successful exercise in side-character development." Den of Geek gave the episode a 4 out of 5 stars and says "'Frinkcoin' is a satisfying episode" and  that Lisa and Frink's actions add up to a "solid half hour investment."

References

Other websites 

The Simpsons (season 31) episodes
2020 television episodes
The Mephisto Waltz

The Mephisto Waltz is a 1971 American horror movie directed by Paul Wendkos and based on the novel of the same name by Fred Mustard Stewart. It stars Alan Alda, Jacqueline Bisset, Barbara Perkins, Bradford Dillman, Curd Jürgens and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 

1971 horror movies
American horror movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Paul Wendkos
Ace High

Ace High (, literally translated as "The Four of the Hail Mary") is a 1968 Italian western movie directed by Giuseppe Colizzi and starring Eli Wallach, Bud Spencer, Terence Hill, Brock Peters, Kevin McCarthy, Bruno Corazzari, Rick Boyd. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and is the second part of the Italian western trilogy.

Other websites
 
 

1968 movies
1960s western movies
Italian movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Giuseppe Colizzi
Postal Index Number

Postal Index Number is also called as Pincode. It is used in India For Post office Numbering or post office system. It is also used for couriering in India. It is used by
India Post and many courier Company. It is six digit long code to identify the city or area

References

India
Postal codes
Esme & Roy

Esme & Roy is an animated children's television series created by Dustin Ferrer and Amy Steinberg. The series is produced by Canada-based animation studio Nelvana and Sesame Street creator Sesame Workshop, in association with Corus Entertainment.

The show follows a little girl named Esme and her best friend, a monster named Roy, who take care of all kinds of creatures when their regular guardians need aid. Esme & Roy was broadcast simultaneously on HBO in the United States and Treehouse TV in Canada on August 18, 2018.

On May 6, 2019, it was announced that it was renewed for a second season. It was also announced Summer 2019 that season one would premiere on PBS Kids Family Night on August 30 or August 31, 2019 depending on the local station, with regular airtime on Saturday and Sunday mornings on the 24/7 PBS Kids Channel only thereafter. In September 2019, it was announced new episodes of the show would be moving from HBO to HBO Max starting with the second season. The second season will also begin airing at an unknown date on PBS Kids.

References

2010s television series
2018 television series debuts
American television series
Animated television series
Canadian television series
English-language television programs
Aurangabad

Aurangabad is a Indian reservatory center in in the Aurangabad district in India. It is famous for a cement plant and World Best Deo Surya Mandir. There are two main languages spoken in Aurangabad - Marathi and Hindi.

Settlements in Bihar
Cities in India
Arie Slob

Arie Slob (born November 16, 1961 in Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel) is a Dutch politician of the ChristianUnion (CU).

Slob studied history and went into politics, first on behalf of the Reformed Political Alliance (GPV), later on of its successor the ChristianUnion.

Slob was a councillor of Zwolle and a member of the House of Representatives. From 2017 to 2022, he was minister for education for children and teenagers in the Third Rutte cabinet.

References 
 Parlement.com

1961 births
Living people
ChristianUnion politicians
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch councillors
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Politicians from South Holland
Columbia County, Oregon

Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the county has a population of 49,351 people. The county seat is St. Helens. It was named after the Columbia River, which forms its eastern and northern borders.

Oregon counties
Grant County, Oregon

Grant County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the county has a population of 7,445 people. The county seat is Canyon City.

Oregon counties
Dallas, Oregon

Dallas is a city in Oregon in the United States. It is the county seat of Polk County.

Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
Polk County, Oregon

Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, 75,403 people lived there which makes it the smallest populous county in the Willamette Valley. The county seat is Dallas. It is in the Willamette Valley.

Oregon counties
Paraza

Paraza is a commune of 622 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References

Other websites

Communes in Aude
Le Thor

Le Thor is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Vaucluse
La Tour-d'Aigues

La Tour-d'Aigues is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Vaucluse
Kangaroo (1952 movie)

Kangaroo is a 1952 American Australian western movie directed by Lewis Milestone and stars Maureen O'Hara, Peter Lawford, Finlay Currie, Richard Boone. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was remade as The Jackals in 1967.

Other websites
 
 

1952 movies
1950s western movies
American western movies
Australian movies
Movies set in Australia
Movies directed by Lewis Milestone
My Sister Eileen

My Sister Eileen is a 1955 American musical comedy movie directed by Richard Quine and based on the autobiographical short stories by Ruth McKenney. It stars Janet Leigh, Jack Lemmon, Betty Garrett, Bob Fosse, Dick York, Adelle August and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 

1955 comedy movies
1950s musical movies
American musical movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on short stories
Movies directed by Richard Quine
Ritva Valkama

Ritva Valkama (real name Valkama-Palo, 13 November 1932 – 8 May 2020) was a Finnish actress. She was known for her comic roles. Harrell was known for her roles in Häpy Endkö? Eli kuinka Uuno Turhapuro sai niin kauniin ja rikkaan vaimon, Herr Puntila and His Servant Matti and Borrowing Matchsticks.

Valkama died on 8 May 2020 in Helsinki, aged 87.

References

Other websites
 

1932 births
2020 deaths
Finnish movie actors
Finnish television actors
Finnish stage actors
Andre Harrell

Andre Harrell (September 26, 1960 – May 8, 2020) was an American record producer and hip hop musician. He was born in Harlem, New York. Harrell was the founder of the record label, Uptown Records. Harrell was president/CEO of Motown Records.

He was the first half of the hip hop duo Dr. Jeckyll & Mr. Hyde. Harrell was most known as the man that turned Diddy into a music mogul.

Harrell died on May 8, 2020 at his home in Hollywood, California of heart failure at the age of 59.

References

1960 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American hip hop musicians
Record producers
Musicians from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Wikitongues

Wikitongues is an American non-profit organization registered in New York. Its goal is to document all the languages in the world.  It was founded by Frederico Andrade, Daniel Bogre Udell and Lindie Botes in 2014.

Oral histories

By May 2016, 329 videos in over 200 languages were recorded for Wikitongues. As of 2018, the amount of languages increased to 350 languages, or 5% of the languages in the world, with plans to increase the amount of languages to 1000 in the coming years.

Poly
Poly is an open-source software program designed to be used to share and learn languages. Wikitongues earned $52,716 USD combined from 429 backers on Kickstarter, which helped Poly be developed. Poly is currently under development.

Licenses
All videos recorded for Wikitongues are released under a CC-by-NC 4.0 license. It was recently made possible to use a CC-by-SA 4.0 license instead.

References

Other websites
 Official website
 Youtube channel
 Facebook page
 Instagram page
 Twitter page
 
 

2014 establishments in New York (state)
Non-profit organizations of New York
Linguistics
New York
Sachiko Honda

Sachiko Honda (本田幸子, December 30, 1930 - May 1st, 2020) is a female 8-dan Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.

Notable achievements

Related players
The Mukai sisters (Kozue, Chiaki, Kaori) are her pupils, and all of them are professional players. She also has two sisters: Kazuko Sugiuchi (Older sister, mentor of Tomoko Kato) and Teruko Kusunoki (Younger sister), both of them are professional players.

Related pages
 Go Seigen (Sachiko Honda visited Taiwan with him in 1952. This visit was organized for the promotion of Go)
 Masao Sugiuchi (Her brother in law)

Other websites
 Official profile at Nihon Ki-in

Notes

1930 births
2020 deaths
Japanese Go players
Sportswomen
Majority criterion

The majority criterion is a single-winner voting system criterion, used to compare these systems.  The criterion says that "if one candidate is liked more by a majority (more than 50%) of voters than all other candidates, then that candidate must win".

Some voting methods that pass this criterion include any Condorcet method, instant-runoff voting, Bucklin voting, and plurality voting.

Supporters of other voting systems say that the majority criterion is actually bad, since it can lead to a tyranny of the majority where a candidate is elected who is loved by a little over half of the population and hated by everyone else.  Other systems may be better at electing consensus candidates who have broader support, which is argued to make them better representatives of the population as a whole.  These are described as "utilitarian" or "consensus-seeking" rather than "majoritarian".  Peter Emerson supports Borda count variants, and believes that majority rule is fundamentally flawed and leads to problems such as bitterness, division, and violence, citing Northern Ireland and Bosnia as examples. Note however that in a utilitarian system, when no broadly supported candidate exists, that a minority can beat a majority because their candidate had slightly more support; because of this, utilitarian methods may not always increase consensus.

The mutual majority criterion is a more broad form of the majority criterion which allows a majority to prefer multiple candidates over all of the other candidates, rather than only one; voting methods which pass the majority criterion but fail mutual majority can encourage all but one of the majority's preferred candidates to exit the election so that one of the majority-preferred candidates wins, creating a spoiler effect. The common choose-one First-past-the-post voting method is notable for this, because major political parties often attempt to prevent more than one of their candidates from running and splitting the vote, by using primary elections.

Comparison with the Condorcet criterion 
The majority criterion says that a candidate X should win if a majority of voters say "Yes" to the question 'Do you like X more than every other candidate?'.

The Condorcet criterion is stronger. It says that a candidate X should win if for every other candidate Y, more voters agree that they prefer X over Y than the number of voters who prefer Y to X.

Satisfaction of the Condorcet criterion implies that of the majority criterion, but not vice versa. With the Condorcet criterion there may be different majorities depending on who X and Y are, but the majority criterion only applies when there is a single majority which has X as their first choice, preferred over every other candidate.

(When saying that the Condorcet criterion is stronger than the majority criterion, the word criterion should be understood as a criterion that a voting system may or may not satisfy, not as a criterion that a candidate must pass in order to win the election.)

Related pages

 Mutual majority criterion
 Voting system
 Voting system criterion
 Condorcet criterion

References 

Voting systems
Proportionality for Solid Coalitions

Proportionality for Solid Coalitions (PSC) is a voting system criterion for ranked voting systems. It is important for giving proportional representation for voters in multiple-winner ranked voting systems.

Solid coalitions 
A group of voters  is a solid coalition for a group of candidates , if every voter in  ranks every candidate in  ahead of every candidate that is not in .

Let  be the number of voters,  be the number of seats to be filled and  be some positive number.

–PSC 
–PSC is based on the Hare quota . If  is a solid coalition for  and the number of voters in  is at least  Hare quotas, then at least  candidates from  must be elected (if  has less than  candidates at all, then all of them have to be elected). This criterion was created by Michael Dummett.

–PSC 
–PSC is defined like –PSC, but is based on the Hagenbach-Bischoff quota  instead of the Hare quota, and the number of voters in  must exceed  Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas. It is a more general form of the majority criterion because it allows for groups of supported candidates (solid coalitions) instead of just one candidate, and there may be more than one candidate that will be elected. Because some authors call the fraction  a Droop quota, –PSC is also known as the Droop proportionality criterion.

Droop proportionality means that a majority-size solid coalition will always be able to elect at least half of the seats. This is because a majority is always over n/2 voters, and that will contain half of the Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas (There are (k+1) Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas in an election, since (n/(k+1)) * (k+1) = n, so (k+1)/2, which is half of the quotas * n/(k+1), which is the quota, = n/2).

References 

Voting systems
Tomoko Ogawa

Tomoko Ogawa (小川誠子, April 1st, 1951 - November 15th, 2019) is a female 7-dan professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.

Notable achievements and contributions

Japanese Books
 『石心之譜 ― 囲碁に生きるわれら五人の棋士』 in 1981, 
 『明解初級囲碁読本』 in 1994, 
 『囲碁 級位者のための本筋の打ち方』 in 1998, 
 『囲碁 級位者のための勝率アップの決め手』 in 2000,

Other websites
 Official profile at Nihon Ki-in

Notes

1951 births
2019 deaths
Japanese Go players
Sportswomen
Borrowing Matchsticks

Borrowing Matchsticks (, ) is a 1980 Finnish Russian comedy movie directed by Leonid Gaidai based on the novel by Algot Untola. It stars Yevgeny Leonov, Ritva Valkama, Vyacheslav Nevinny, Georgy Vitsin, Rita Polster, and Sergey Filippov

Other websites

1980 comedy movies
Finnish movies
Russian movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Leonid Gaidai
Winchester '73 (1950 movie)

Winchester '73 is a 1950 American western movie directed by Anthony Mann and starring James Stewart, Shelley Winters, Dan Duryea, Stephen McNally, Rock Hudson, Millard Mitchell, Tony Curtis. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was remade for television in 1967.

Other websites
 

1950 movies
1950s western movies
American western movies
Movies directed by Anthony Mann
Two Flags West

Two Flags West is a 1950 American western movie directed by Robert Wise and starring Cornel Wilde, Joseph Cotten, Linda Darnell, Jeff Chandler, Dale Robertson. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1950 movies
1950s western movies
American western movies
Movies directed by Robert Wise
Born to Kill (1947 movie)

Born to Kill is a 1947 American crime drama movie directed by Robert Wise and based on the 1943 novel Deadlier than the Male by James Gunn. It stars Lawrence Tierney, Walter Slezak, Claire Trevor, Isabel Jewell, Esther Howard and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.

Other websites
 
 

1947 drama movies
1947 crime movies
1940s crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Robert Wise
Movies set in Nevada
Hangman's House

Hangman's House is a 1928 American romantic drama movie directed by John Ford and based on the novel by Brian Oswald Donn-Byrne. It stars Victor McLaglen, June Collyer, Larry Kent, Earle Fox, John Wayne and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 

1928 movies
1920s romance movies
1920s drama movies
1920s romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
American silent movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by John Ford
Movies set in Ireland