cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Atef Ebeid

Atef Muhammad Ebeid ({{IPA-arz|ˈʕɑːtˤef mæˈħæmmæd ʕeˈbeːd|IPA}}; 14 April 1932 – 12 September 2014) was an Egyptian politician. He was a member of the National Democratic Party. He served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 5 October 1999 until 14 July 2004. Ahmed Nazif became PM after Atef Ebeid. He was sentenced to ten years in jail on 1 March 2012 for squandering public funds. He was acquitted in January 2013.

Ebeid was born in Tanta, Gharbiya Governorate to a Muslim family. He went to Cairo University and later became a teacher there.

Ebeid died on 12 September 2014 in Cairo, aged 82.

References

1932 births
2014 deaths
Educators
Egyptian Muslims
Prime Ministers of Egypt
Annie Khalid

Annie Khalid or just Annie (or real name Noor al Ain Khalid) (born 1987) is a British-Pakistani music star and diva. She started her career in 2006. She sings songs in Urdu, Punjabi and English languages. 

Her major hit singles so far include Mahiya (2007), Awarapan (2007), By my Baby (2010), Vari vari jawan (2011) and Tharki sala (2014). Her best-selling album so far is Princess.

Annie was for a short time married to a criminal multi-millionaire Pakistani, settled in Dubai, called Malik Noureed Awan. But this man was very violent and he used to beat and abuse her, so she left him. 

She is working on a new album to be released soon.

References

1987 births
Living people
English people
Pakistani people
Indian Military Historical Society

The Indian Military Historical Society is an organisation in the United Kingdom (UK).It was made in 1983.

The main purpose of the Society is to encourage research and study of the history of the old colonial British Indian Army, although some study is also done on the present day Indian Army and Pakistan Army too. Members of this organisation belong to the UK, and many countries from the British Commonwealth of Nations. It also publishes a well-known journal, Durbar, in which many historians and scholars print their research work.

References

Research organizations in the United Kingdom
Royal Asiatic Society

The Royal Asiatic Society (RAS), in full the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was made in 1824, under a Royal Charter.

The main aim of this Society is to study and to do research on all kinds of subjects about Asia. The members (called 'Fellows') live in the United Kingdom and many other countries of the world, and they write 'FRAS' after their names, to show they are its members.

The Society also publishes the famous journal, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society.

Notable Fellows
Henry Thomas Cranbrooke
Sir Richard Francis Burton
Thomas Manning
Sir Stamford Raffles
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Sir Aurel Stein
Sir Wilfred Thesiger
Rabindranath Tagore
Ahmad Hasan Dani
Eric Newby
William Dalrymple
Omer Tarin
Tariq Rahman
Ustad Ashish Khan Debsharma

References

Research
Organisations based in the United Kingdom
Royal Societies of the United Kingdom
1824 establishments
1820s establishments in the United Kingdom
Niscemi

Niscemi is a town and comune in the province of Caltanissetta, Sicily, Italy. It has a population of 28,152.

Settlements in Sicily
John Bardon

John Michael Jones, better known as John Bardon (25 August 1939 – 12 September 2014), was an English stage and movie actor. He was awarded the Laurence Olivier Award in 1988 (1987 season) as 'Best Actor in a Musical' for Kiss Me, Kate. Bardon was known for his role as Jim Branning on the popular BBC television series, EastEnders.

On 12 September 2014 the BBC announced that Bardon had died at the age of 75 in Hitchin, Hertfordshire, England.

References

Other websites
 

1939 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Middlesex
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Laurence Olivier Award winners
Stefan Gierasch

Stefan Gierasch (February 5, 1926 – September 6, 2014) was an American movie and television actor. He was known for his roles in The Hustler, Jeremiah Johnson, What's Up Doc? High Plains Drifter, and Carrie.

Gierasch died on September 6, 2014 in Santa Monica, California at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
 

1926 births
2014 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New York City
Delayed sleep phase disorder

Delayed sleep phase disorder is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder. It affects the timing of sleep. It has an effect on the time when a person is most alert during the day. It also affects core body temperature rhythm and other daily rhythms. People with DSPD generally fall asleep after midnight. They have difficulty waking up in the morning. Affected people usually have normal need for sleep. This condition usually develops in childhood or adolescence. DSPD is a life-long condition.

References 

Neurology
Sleep disorders
Napoleonic Code

The Napoleonic Code ‒ or Code Napoléon, officially the Code civil des Français ‒ is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804. Four judges wrote the Code for Napoleon, to replace the many different kinds of law in different places. It did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility), established equality before the law and secured the right to property. It allowed freedom of religion. It also set up a system of Civil service where government jobs would go to the most qualified. 

Due to the Napoleonic Wars the Napoleonic code became an influence on most of Europe. In particular, it influenced countries such as Italy, Spain, Portugal, Latin American countries, the province of Quebec and the state of Louisiana in the United States. It influenced all other former French colonies which base their civil law systems on the Napoleonic Code. The code of 1804: 
Simplified administration division
Abolished feudal system
Allowed divorce and jury trial
Removed guild restrictions in towns
Gave privileges to businessmen, industrialists and professionals
The privileges were the right to equality,freedom and property
Transportation and communication were improved
Introduced a uniform system of measurement

References 

Law
Denny Miller

Denny Scott Miller (born Dennis Linn Miller; April 25, 1934 – September 9, 2014) was an American actor. He was best best known for his role as Tarzan in the movie Tarzan, the Ape Man (1959). He also appeared in many television series such as Wagon Train, Gilligan's Island, Magnum, P.I., The Brady Bunch and Gunsmoke.

Miller was born in Bloomington, Indiana. He was married to Kit Smythe until their divorce. He was later married to Nancy Miller until his death.

Miller died from Lou Gehrig's disease on September 9, 2014 in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was 80. He was also diagnosed with the disease in January 2014.

References

Other websites
 
 

1934 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Indiana
American movie actors
American television actors
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in the United States
People from Bloomington, Indiana
Gerrit Kouwenaar

Gerrit Kouwenaar (9 August 1923 – 4 September 2014) was a Dutch journalist, translator, poet and prose writer. He began working in 1941. He was a member of the Dutch poetry group known as the Vijftigers. He worked for magazines and newspapers such as Vrij Nederland, De Waarheid and Het Vrije Volk. During the mid-1940s, he worked for the illegal newspaper Parade der Profeten. He was arrested for this and sentenced to half a year in jail. In 1970, he was given the P. C. Hooft Award.

Kouwenaar was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. He was a resistance fighter during World War II. The painter and poet David Kouwenaar (1921–2011) was an older brother his. He retired in 2008.

Kouwenaar died on 4 September 2014 in Amsterdam, aged 91.

References

Other websites

 Gerrit Kouwenaar at the Digital Library of Dutch Literature website 

1923 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in the Netherlands
Dutch journalists
Dutch people of World War II
Dutch poets
Prisoners
Dutch translators
Writers from Amsterdam
Sun Tower

The Sun Tower is a Beaux-Arts building at 128 West Pender Street in Vancouver, British Columbia. The building is known for its faux-patina steel dome painted to imitate copper cladding.

The building was commissioned by L. D. Taylor to house his newspaper, The Vancouver World. It was designed by W. T. Whiteway, who was also the designer for the original Woodward's building nearby. After the building was finished in 1912, it was called The World Building. It became the tallest building in the British Empire at 82 m (269 ft). It surpassed the former record-holder, the Dominion Building which is located just around the corner. It was also the tallest building in Canada for two years until Toronto's 20-story Optima Business Centre opened in 1914 and surpassed it. In 1918, many Vancouverites turned out to watch Harry Gardiner, the "Human Fly", scale the outside of the building.

The building was bought by The Vancouver Sun in 1937 and was it was renamed. Although The Vancouver Sun newspaper had long since moved, first to South Granville then to Granville Square, the building has kept the name. The outside of the building was used as the Watchtower in Smallville. The tower had to be digitally enhanced to look taller. In some of the shots, the tower is the highest building in Metropolis. The building was also used as Chance's and Winston's office in the television show Human Target.

On March 19, 2008, it was announced that Sun Capital had bought the building on March 17. After they bought it, they overhauled the fabric and interiors of the building. In turn, the building was sold to the current owners Allied Properties REIT in August 2011. The heritage building is promised to be restored by the new owners.

References

Other websites 
Official website 
Emporis.com - Sun Tower
SkycraperPage.com – Sun Tower

Skyscrapers in Canada
Vancouver
Kendall Francois

Kendall Francois (July 26, 1971 – September 11, 2014) was an American serial killer. Francois was born in Poughkeepsie, New York. He killed eight female prostitutes between October 1996 and August 1998 in Poughkeepsie, New York. He would strangle his victims and hide their dead bodies inside his home. The victims were aged between 25 and 51. For these crimes, he was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole on August 11, 2000. He served his jail time at the Wende Correctional Facility in Alden, New York.

Francois died from apparent natural causes on September 11, 2014 at the Wende Correctional Facility, aged 43.

References

Other websites
 Kendall Francois at Murderpedia
 Kendall Francois  at Criminal Library 

1971 births
2014 deaths
African-American people
American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
American serial killers
Criminals from New York
Deaths from natural causes
People who died in prison custody
People with HIV/AIDS
People from Poughkeepsie, New York
William Dalrymple

William Hamilton Dalrymple (b. 1965) is a British writer and historian.

He has written a number of books, especially on the history of India, like The Age of Kali (1998), The White Mughals (2002), The Last Mughal (2006) and some others.

References

1965 births
Living people
British people
Scottish writers
Richard Francis Burton

Captain Sir Richard Francis Burton (1821–1890) was a famous English explorer, writer, translator, ethnologist, spy and soldier.
 

He traveled a lot in Asia, Africa and the Americas. As a spy for the British government, he was also among the very few Western Christian people who secretly managed to visit the Islamic holy city of Mecca, in Arabia, at the time of the Hajj 

He is also famous for his English language translation of the Arabic book, One Thousand and One Nights (also called The Arabian Nights).

References

1821 births
1890 deaths
English people
English writers
English explorers
Margaret Palm

Margaret Palm (born ca. 1836) was an African-American woman. She lived in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania with her husband and son during the middle nineteenth century. She was a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad. She was called "Maggie Bluecoat" for the blue military uniform coat (ca. 1812) she wore while guiding slaves to safety. She always carried a gun to protect herself and her passengers.

Palm was so notorious for helping slaves escape that on several occasions slave-owners from Maryland attempted to kidnap her and sell her into slavery to put an end to her practices. David Schick, whose father was Palm’s employer, recounted one of these episodes:

“She lived up Long Lane, back of the old fair grounds. On this occasion she was attacked by a group of men who made the attempt to kidnap her and take her south where they expected to sell her and derive quite a profit. She was a powerful woman, and they would have, from the sale, derived quite a profit. These men succeeded in tying Mag’s hands...She was fighting them as best as she could with her hands tied. She would attempt to slow them and succeeded in one instance in catching [an attacker’s] thumb in her mouth and bit the thumb off. John Karseen, who was crippled and ran a novelty shop on Baltimore Street, happened along at just the right time and by using his crutch was able to assist Mag in her fight with these kidnappers and drove them off and freed her from her bonds.” She escaped. When she heard the two strangers had returned to Gettysburg, she ran home and got a shotgun.

References

Slaves
People from Pennsylvania
Year of death missing
1836 births
Joe Sample

Joseph Leslie "Joe" Sample (February 1, 1939 – September 12, 2014) was an American pianist, keyboard player and composer. He was one of the founding members of the Jazz Crusaders. 

Sample died in Houston, Texas, on September 12, 2014. He was 75 years old.

References

Other websites
 Yahoo! Music – Joe Sample Albums
 Biography at Verve Records

1939 births
2014 deaths
American jazz musicians
American pianists
American conductors
Musicians from Houston, Texas
Kamal Ganzouri

Kamal Ganzouri (, ‎; 12 January 1933 – 31 March 2021) was an Egyptian economist and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 7 December 2011 to 24 July 2012. He was also prime minister from 1996 to 1999. He succeeded Atef Sedki and was succeeded by Atef Ebeid. He was called Minister of the Poor and the Opposition Minister. This was because of how he dealt with poor people and the opposition. Before becoming prime minister, Ganzouri was Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers made him prime minister. He took office on 7 December 2011.

Ganzouri died in Cairo on 31 March 2021 at the age of 88.

References

1933 births
2021 deaths
Economists
Prime Ministers of Egypt
Wild at Heart

Wild at Heart is a 1990 American crime thriller movie. It is about a young couple from Cape Fear, North Carolina who go on the run. Nicolas Cage plays Sailor, Laura Dern plays Lula Fortune, Diane Ladd plays Marietta, Isabella Rossellini plays Perdita.

This movie was released on August 17, 1990. It got mostly good reviews by the critics.

Other websites 

1990 crime movies
1990 thriller movies
1990s crime thriller movies
1990s road movies
American crime thriller movies
American road movies
English-language movies
Movies about couples
Movies directed by David Lynch
Wild Camp

Wild Camp (French title: Camping sauvage) is a 2005 French drama movie. It was released on DVD on February 13, 2007. It is about Camille, a 17 year old girl who lives in a holiday camp with her family and her boyfriend Fred.

This movie was nominated for a Golden Zenith at the Montréal World Film Festival.

Other websites 

French movies
2005 movies
2000s drama movies
Sarah Grimké

Sarah Moore Grimké (November 26, 1792 – December 23, 1873) was an American abolitionist and feminist.  Grimké was born in South Carolina. She died in 1873.

1792 births
1873 deaths
American abolitionists
American feminists
Joseph Shivers

Joseph Clois Shivers, Jr. (November 29, 1920 – September 1, 2014) was an American textile chemist. He was from West Chester, Pennsylvania. Shivers was best known for developing Spandex.

On September 1, 2014, Shivers died in Venice, Florida, aged 93.

References

1920 births
2014 deaths
American chemists
Scientists from New Jersey
Scientists from Pennsylvania
Adam Berti

Adam Berti (born July 1, 1986) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. Berti played 2 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Blackhawks.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Berti played 4 seasons with the Oshawa Generals and 1 season with the Erie Otters of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He was drafted with the 68th overall pick by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. On May 26, 2006, the Blackhawks signed Berti to a three-year contract.

He was assigned to the Blackhawks' AHL-affiliate, Norfolk Admirals. He played 1 season with them. When the Blackhawks switched their affiliate to the Rockford IceHogs, he was assigned to them. On April 4, 2008, the Blackhawks recalled Berti from the IceHogs.  He played 2 games with them and was assigned back to the IceHogs on April 8, 2008. Berti now plays in the ECHL. He played 1 season with the Fresno Falcons and 2 seasons with the Gwinnett Gladiators.

References

Other websites

1986 births
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Sportspeople from Ontario
American Hockey League players
ECHL players
Ontario Hockey League players
Arch A. Moore Jr.

Arch Alfred Moore, Jr. (April 16, 1923 – January 7, 2015) was an American politician and former lawyer. He began his political career as a state legislator in 1952. He was elected the 28th and 30th Governor of West Virginia from 1969 until 1977 and again from 1985 until 1989. He was a member of the Republican Party. His daughter, Shelley Moore Capito, is the current senator of West Virginia.

He was eventually prosecuted for and pleaded guilty to five felony charges. In 1990 he was sentenced to five years and ten months in prison. He served over three years before his release.

References

Other websites

Biography of Arch A. Moore, Jr. 
Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1969) 
Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1973) 
Inaugural address of Arch A. Moore, Jr. (1985) 

1923 births
2015 deaths
American Methodists
American military personnel of World War II
Governors of West Virginia
Purple Heart recipients
United States representatives from West Virginia
US Republican Party politicians
Lawyers from West Virginia
John Franzese

John "Sonny" Franzese, Sr. (February 6, 1917 – February 24, 2020) was an Italian-American longtime member and underboss of the Colombo crime family. Franzese was famous as the oldest active member of the American Mafia. Franzese was an associate producer of the 2002 movie This Thing of Ours.

Franzese was born in Naples and raised in New York City.

Franzese was released from the Federal Medical Center in Devens, Massachusetts on June 23, 2017, at the age of 100.

Franzese died on February 24, 2020, in a New York City hospital at the age of 103.

References

Other websites
La Cosa Nostra – State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation 1989 Report- The Colombo/Persico/Orena Family

1917 births
2020 deaths
American centenarians
American prisoners
American robbers
Criminals from New York City
Movie producers from New York City

Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Naples
Gisèle Casadesus

Gisèle Casadesus (14 June 1914 – 24 September 2017) was a French actress. She was known for her roles in Du Guesclin, Verdict, The Children of the Marshland, What Love May Bring, and in My Afternoons with Marguerite.

She was an honorary member of the Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française, Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor, Officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, and Grand-Croix of the National Order of Merit. Her career has lasted for nearly 80 years.

Casadesus died on 24 September 2017 in Paris of respiratory failure at the age of 103.

References

Other websites

 
 The Casadesus Family 
 Gisèle Casadesus at the Comédie-Française 

1914 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Paris
Actors from Paris
French centenarians
French movie actors
Diane Birch

Diane Birch (born January 24, 1983) is an American singer-songwriter. Her album, Bible Belt, was released in 2009. Her second album, Speak a Little Louder, was released in 2013.

She was born in Michigan.

References

Musicians from Michigan
1983 births
Living people
Adrianne Palicki

Adrianne Palicki (born May 6, 1983) is an American actress. She was born in Toledo, Ohio.

Palicki has acted in both television series and movies. She was in the television series Friday Night Lights (2006–2011) and  Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2014–2016). She acted in Legion (2010), Red Dawn (2012), G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013), and John Wick (2014).

References 

Actors from Toledo, Ohio
American movie actors
American television actors
1983 births
Living people
Betty Azar

Betty Schrampfer Azar is an expert on teaching and learning English grammar. She wrote the Azar Grammar Series for students of English as a second or foreign language. This series is used by teachers and students all over the world. It has been very popular for more than thirty years.

Azar thinks teaching grammar is a good way to teach a new language. Students should start by learning about grammar, and that will help them learn all language skills — speaking, listening, writing, and reading.
 
There are four editions of Azar's book series. Stacy A. Hagen became Azar's co-author 2006, so now the books are called the Azar-Hagen Grammar Series.

There are three main textbooks in the series:
 Understanding and Using English Grammar,
 Fundamentals of English Grammar
 Basic English Grammar.

References

Other websites
 AzarGrammar.com 
 Betty Schrampfer overview At WorldCat

American teachers
Living people
American Bobtail

The American Bobtail is a breed of cat.  It has a short "bobbed" tail about one-third to one-half the length of a normal cat's tail. This is because of a genetic mutation that affects the way their tail develops. This mutation also happens with the Manx cat.   

The American Bobtail looks like the Japanese Bobtail, but they are not in the same cat breed family. The genetic mutations for their bobbed tails are different because the gene for the American Bobtail's tail is dominant and the Japanese Bobtail's is recessive.

Appearance 
American Bobtails can have either short or long-haired fur coats. Their coat is shaggy instead of fluffy. They can have any color of eyes and coat. They look like a "wild" tabby cat. Their eyes are almond shaped.  They have a long and strong body. Their tail is short, but the end of it can be seen above their back. It can be straight or curved, slightly knotted or may have bumps. These cats take two to three years to grow from kittens into adult cats.

Behavior 
American Bobtails are playful and have a lot of energy. They are friendly and are not shy. These cats are intelligent. Some have been clever enough to escape from rooms and cages with closed and latched doors. Since they are playful and want attention, they will beg for it by meowing or just by hopping into laps.

History 
An urban legend says that Bobtail cats began by cross mating a domestic tabby cat and a wild bobcat.  Their unusual tail is really an accidental genetic mutation in the cat world. It  may be related to the Manx gene, which is also dominant. The first Bobtail cat's parents were a short-tailed brown tabby cat male named Yodie and a seal point Siamese female in the late 1960s. This cat was born in Arizona near an American Indian reservation. Yodie's family breed was not known.  It was thought to have been a bobcat and domestic cat hybrid because of its stubby tail. 

The breed was first recognized by The International Cat Association in the United States, in 1989.

References

Other websites 
 
American Bobtail Breeders Association 
American Bobtail Guide 

Cat breeds
Chromosomes
Meghan Trainor

Meghan Elizabeth Trainor (born December 22, 1993) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. She was born and raised in Nantucket, Massachusetts. The president of Epic Records, L.A. Reid, discovered Trainor and signed her to a record contract.  She became famous through her song "All About That Bass", which reached number one in several countries around the world, including the US, UK, Canada, and Australia. Trainor's debut major label album, Title, spawned three other successful singles: "Lips Are Movin'", "Dear Future Husband", and "Like I'm Gonna Lose You" which features R&B singer John Legend. Trainor also recorded, co-wrote, and co-produced the song "Better When I'm Dancin'", which is featured during the closing credits of The Peanuts Movie. She was featured on singer-songwriter Charlie Puth's single "Marvin Gaye".

At the 2016 Grammy Awards, Trainor won the award for Best New Artist. On March 5, 2016, she released the lead single from her second major-label album, Thank You, titled "No". Thank You was released on May 13, 2016. "Me Too" was released on May 5, 2016, as the second single from the album.

In 2017, she became engaged to actor Daryl Sabara, who is known for his role in the movie Spy Kids, after dating since 2016. In 2018, she released the single "No Excuses" and announced that she was working on a new album. That year, she and Sabara were married and they have a son, Riley born in 2020.

Discography
Studio albums
Title (2015)
Thank You (2016)

References

Other websites
 Official website

 
1993 births
Living people
American feminists
American singer-songwriters
Musicians from Massachusetts
American R&B singers
American pop singers
Sarah Waters

Sarah Waters (born 21 July 1966) is a Welsh novelist. She is known for novels set in the Victorian era and featuring lesbian protagonists. Her books include Tipping the Velvet and The Night Watch.

She was born in Neyland, Pembrokeshire, Wales. She is openly lesbian and lives in London.

References

Lesbians
LGBT novelists
Welsh LGBT people
Welsh writers
1966 births
Living people
Stefan Löfven

Kjell Stefan Löfven (born 21 July 1957) was the Prime Minister of Sweden from 2014 until 2021. He was a leader of a Swedish trade union from 2006 to 2012. And he has been the leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party since 2012. On 14 September 2014, he lead his party in the 2014 Swedish general election to become Sweden's new Prime Minister. Löfven was elected Prime Minister and took office in October 2014.

On 22 August 2021, Löfven announced that he would retire as Leader of the Social Democrats at the November party congress, and would resign as Prime Minister upon the election of his successor.

References

1957 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Trade unionists
Alter Echo

Alter Echo is a third-person action video game published by THQ and developed by Outrage Entertainment. It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. It was released on August 19, 2003 in North America and on October 3, 2003 in the PAL region.

Reception
The received mixed reviews from critics. IGN rated the game a 6.8 out of 10.

GameSpot gave the game a 7.5 out of 10 and Jeff Gerstmann of GameSpot wrote that "It would have been nice to have seen some more variety in the environments, and the instances of backtracking through areas you've already visited are disappointing. But the game's exciting, free-form combat makes up for those deficiencies."

References

Other websites

2003 video games
PlayStation 2 games
Science fiction
THQ games
Xbox games
Anwar Kamal Pasha

Anwar Kamal Pasha (1927-1987) was a famous early Pakistani film director and producer from Lahore. He dominated the first 20 years of Pakistani cinema. He was the son of noted poet and scholar, Hakim Ahmad Shuja who named him after the Turkish leader Enver Kemal Pasha.

Some of Pasha's top hit films were Do Ansoo (1949), Gumnaam (1954), Qatil (1955), Sarfarosh (1956) and Anarkali (1958). From the 1960s, he gradually started making less films and his popularity grew less.

References

1927 births
1987 deaths
Pakistani people
Pakistani entertainers
Cinema of Pakistan
Anthem of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

The State Anthem of the Azerbaijan SSR () was the national anthem of Azerbaijan when it was a republic of the Soviet Union. It was then known as the Azerbaijan SSR.

Background
The anthem was used from 1944 to 1992.  It was composed by Uzeyir Hajibeyov, who also composed the March of Azerbaijan, the current national anthem of Azerbaijan.  Suleyman Rustam, Samad Vurgun and Huseyn Arif wrote the lyrics which were changed in 1978 to remove mentions of Joseph Stalin. Like many national anthems of the republics of the Soviet Union, this song praised Vladimir Lenin (and formerly Joseph Stalin as well), the October Revolution and Communism. It also praised the friendship of the republics of the Soviet Union.  It was the anthem of Azerbaijan when it gained independence until 1992 when the March of Azerbaijan was restored.

Lyrics

Post-Stalinist version (1978–92)

Azerbaijani lyrics

Translations

Original version (1944–78)

Azerbaijani lyrics

Translations

Related pages
 National anthem of Azerbaijan

References

Other websites
 MIDI file 
 Vocal recording in MP3 format
 Lyrics - nationalanthems.info

Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
National symbols of Azerbaijan
20th century in Azerbaijan
1944 establishments in the Soviet Union
1992 disestablishments
Yoshiko Ōtaka

(12 February 1920 – 7 September 2014), widely known by her Chinese name Li Xianglan (Li Hsiang-lan) and English stage name Shirley Yamaguchi, was a Chinese-born Japanese actress and singer. She was elected as a member of the Japanese Diet in the 1970s and served for 18 years. Ōtaka was known for her role in Eternity. She was born in Fushun, Manchuria.

Ōtaka died at the age of 94 in Tokyo, Japan from heart failure.

References

Other websites

 

1920 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Japanese movie actors
Japanese television actors
Japanese stage actors
Japanese politicians
Japanese singers
Chinese movie actors
Chinese television actors
Chinese stage actors
Chinese singers
Chinese politicians
Marvin Cheung

Marvin Cheung Kin-tung, GBS (2000), OBE (1994), JP (20 November 1947 – 13 September 2014) was a Hong Kong businessman and civil servant. He was a Non-official Member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong. He was the Chairman of the Airport Authority Hong Kong and a Council Member of the Open University of Hong Kong.

Cheung died in Hong Kong at the age of 67 from leukemia.

References

Other websites
  Asia-Pacific Corporate Governance Conference
  Hong Kong Executive/Marvin Cheung biodata
 Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong
 Tribute to Cheung from the Open University

1947 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Chinese businesspeople
Civil servants
Businesspeople from Hong Kong
Milan Galić

Milan Galić (; 8 March 1938 – 13 September 2014) was a Serbian footballer. He scored 37 international goals in 51 matches for the Yugoslavia national football team. He participated in the 1960 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal, the 1960 UEFA European Football Championship, where Yugoslavia finished second (despite his goal in the final), and the 1962 FIFA World Cup, where Yugoslavia finished fourth. 

Galić died in Belgrade, Serbia from unknown causes, aged 76.

References

1938 births
2014 deaths
Serbian footballers
Yugoslavian sportspeople
Frank Torre

Frank Joseph Torre (December 30, 1931 – September 13, 2014) was an American baseball player. He was first baseman in Major League Baseball. Torre who batted and threw left-handed. He played for the Milwaukee Braves (1956–60) and Philadelphia Phillies (1962–63). He was the older brother of Hall of Famer Joe Torre.

Torre died in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida from cardiac arrest, aged 82.

References

1931 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American baseball players
Milwaukee Braves players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Sportspeople from New York City
100,000-year problem

The amount of incoming solar radiation, also called insolation determines the temperature on Earth. This temperature rises and falls according to the strength of radiation given off by the sun, the distance from the earth to the sun, and the tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation. However, the recent change between glacial and inter-glacial states that occurs on a circa 100,000 year (100 ka) timescale, does not correlate well with these factors. This is known as the 100,000 year problem.

Due to variations in the Earth's orbit, the amount of insolation varies; there are periods of around 21,000, 40,000, 100,000, and 400,000 years. Variations in the amount of solar energy drive changes in the climate of the Earth, and are recognised as a key factor in the timing of start and termination of glaciations. Looking at strata, isotope analysis can be performed. One of the most precise methods consist in using Oxygen-18. The amount of oxygen 18 mainly depends on the amount of ice that can be found and on the temperature of the planet. 

There are different hypotheses to explain the phenomenon:
 There may be an internal frequency to the climatic system found on earth. This resonance may be 100,000 years.
 The Orbital inclination has a frequency of 100,000 years.
 The planets rotate around the sun in an elliptical orbit. These orbits change over time. For the earth, this change has a frequency of 21,636 years. In an ice age, the buildup of ice is slow, but the melting of the ice is fast.
 The luminosity of the sun may change over time. This would influence the phenomenon
 The amount of photosynthesis on water-dwelling organisms as opposed to that of land-dwelling organisms may influence the amount of Oxygen 18. This is known as the Dole effect

Climate change
Scottish independence referendum

The Scottish independence referendum, 2014 is a referendum which decided whether Scotland would be an independent country or would stay a member of the United Kingdom. The voting took place on 18 September 2014.

The result was that Scotland should stay as part of the United Kingdom.

The YES campaign
The YES campaign was led by the Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond. He resigned after the vote. Supporters of the YES campaign wanted Scotland to be an independent country.

The NO campaign
Supporters of the NO campaign wanted Scotland to stay a part of the United Kingdom.

The United Kingdom Prime Minister David Cameron, deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg and Leader of the Opposition Ed Miliband all wanted Scotland to remain part of the United Kingdom. Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown has also been campaigning for Scotland to remain part of the UK.

Result 
Should Scotland be an independent country?
No = 55.3% (2,001,926 votes)
Yes = 44.7% (1,617,989 votes)
total votes = 3,623,344
electorate = 4,283,392

Result: Scotland remains part of the United Kingdom.

References

2014 in the United Kingdom
Politics of the United Kingdom
Politics of Scotland
Nickelodeon Arabia

Nickelodeon Arabia is a satellite, free-to-air channel for Arab children, teens and adults. It was the official Arab arm of Nickelodeon. Viacom started broadcasting Nickelodeon Arabia in 2007.

Shows (as new network)
 Catch Match
 Shoof Kids
 SpongeBob SquarePants
 Detective Conan
 Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir
 Totally Spies!
 Henry Danger
 The Thundermans
 The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
 Sam & Cat
 Love Divina
 The Loud House
 Drake & Josh
 Nicky, Ricky, Dicky and Dawn
 Dawn of the Croods
 Home: Adventures with Tip & Oh
 Zak Storm
 Turbo FAST
 SciGirls
 Dream High
 Fanboy & Chum Chum
 Kally's Mashup

Shows (as original network)
 Aaahh!!! Real Monsters
 The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
 All Grown Up!
 The Angry Beavers
 As Told By Ginger
 Monster Buster Club
 Avatar: The Last Airbender
 Back at the Barnyard
 CatDog
 Danny Phantom
 The Lab Scientists
 Hey Arnold!
 The Gnoufs
 The Penguins of Madagascar
 The Ren & Stimpy Show
 Rocket Power
 Rugrats
 Tak And The Power Of Juju
 Totally Spies The Wild Thornberrys Ben and Holly's Little Kingdom Dora the Explorer Go Diego Go Max & Ruby  Ni Hao, Kai-lan Wonder Pets! SpongeBob SquarePants The Word for World Is Forest Big Time Rush iCarly El Tigre: The Adventures of Manny Rivera My Life As A Teenage Robot Tiny Toon Adventures Regular Show The Fairy OddParents The Garfield Show Wow! Wow! Wubbzy! Danger Mouse''

References 

Viacom
Nickelodeon
Television channels in Asia
Azerbaijani Chess Championship

The Azerbaijani Chess Championship is usually held in Baku, Azerbaijan. It is organised by the Azerbaijan Chess Federation (ACF). The first championship was played in 1934, when Azerbaijan was a part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Championships were not held every year in the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic until 1945. Since then they were held every year, which has continued today in independent Azerbaijan.

Winners

Related pages
 Chess in Azerbaijan
 Azerbaijan Chess Federation
 List of Azerbaijani chess players

References

Other websites 
 Official web site of Azerbaijan Chess Federation (ACF)  
 Azerbaijan Chess Federation 

Chess competitions
Chess in Azerbaijan
Bell Biv DeVoe

Bell Biv DeVoe is an American R&B, hip hop and new jack swing group. It was formed by members of the group New Edition. The group's most successful song was "Poison" in 1990. 

The group had other hit singles early in their career. One of them was "Do Me!"

The group was established in 1989.

American boy bands
American R&B bands
1989 establishments in the United States
Azerbaijan Chess Federation

The Azerbaijan Chess Federation (, AŞF) is the national chess organization in Azerbaijan and is a member of the World Chess Federation FIDE. The Azerbaijan Chess Federation was founded in 1920 when Azerbaijan became a member of the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan SSR the same year. It was reorganized in 1992, after Azerbaijan gained its independence with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and became a member of FIDE the same year. The headquarters of the Azerbaijan Chess Federation is in the capital city, Baku.

Dr. Elman Rustamov is the President of the Azerbaijan Chess Federation since 2007.

Executive Committee
The executive committee includes:
President – Dr. Elman Rustamov
Vice-president – Faik Hasanov
Vice-President – Mahir Mammadov
General Secretary – İbrahim Mammadov

Competitions
The federation organizes the following chess competitions:
Azerbaijani Chess Championship
Azerbaijan Women's Chess Championship 
Azerbaijan Children's Chess Championship

Related pages
 Chess in Azerbaijan
 List of Azerbaijani chess players
 Azerbaijani Chess Championship

References

Other websites
 Official Azerbaijan Chess Federation Website 

1920 establishments in Azerbaijan
1992 establishments in Azerbaijan
Chess organizations
Chess in Azerbaijan
Jaimie Alexander

Jaimie Alexander (born March 12, 1984) is an American actress. She played Tammy in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia. She also played Jenna York in CSI: Miami.

The actress was born in Greenville, South Carolina.

References

American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from South Carolina
1984 births
Living people
Benjamin Adekunle

Benjamin Adesanya Maja Adekunle (26 June 1936 – 13 September 2014) was a Nigerian Army leader. He served as general during many important Nigerian battles. Some of which, he is known for fighting at the Congo Crisis battles and fought during the Nigerian Civil War. He began his service years in 1958. He retired in 1974.

Adekunle died in Lagos, Nigeria, aged 78.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2014 deaths
Generals
Nigerian military people
Tony Auth

William Anthony Auth Jr. (May 7, 1942 – September 14, 2014), better known as Tony Auth, was an American cartoonist. He was best known for serving as an editorial cartoonist for The Philadelphia Inquirer from 1971 to 2012. His other work includes the comic strip Full Disclosure, which he worked on in 1982 and 1983, and Norb, which he worked on in 1989.  He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1976 and the Herblock Prize in 2005. Auth was born in Akron, Ohio.

Auth died of brain cancer on September 14, 2014 at the age of 72 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

References

Pulitzer Prize winners
1942 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
American cartoonists
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from Akron, Ohio
Cruis'n USA

Cruis'n USA is an arcade racing video game published and distributed by Nintendo and was developed by Midway Games. It is the first game in the Cruis'n series. The game was released as an arcade system in North America in November 1994, on the Nintendo 64 on December 3, 1996 in North America and on April 12, 1998 in Europe, and was released on the Wii's Virtual Console on March 28, 2008 in Europe and on March 31, 2008 in North America. The Virtual Console release was the first third party developed Nintendo 64 game to be released on the service.

The game, along with Killer Instinct, was originally planned as a launch title for the Nintendo 64. Both games did not make it out for Nintendo 64's launch, however, it was primarily because the arcade versions of both the games were done on hardware that was different and a little more powerful than the console. The game was impressive in arcades but was criticized when it came to the Nintendo 64 in 2996 because the port was less polished than the arcade version and its technology had already been surpassed by other games. The game was also delayed before its console release because of censorship issues.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 4 out of 10 and said "Ignoring the dated gameplay and less than impressive physics and handling, at least graphical problems like pop-up and low framerates should have been fixed."

GameSpot gave the game a 6.1 out of 10 and said "Ultimately, Cruis'n USA is a dead conversion of a dead arcade game."

References

Other websites

1994 video games
Arcade games
Nintendo 64 games
Nintendo video games
Racing video games
Post Bahadur Bogati

Post Bahadur Bogati (18 July 1953 – 15 September 2014) was a Nepalese politician. He was a member of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). He was also the vice chairman of the political party. He was the Minister for Information and Communications as well as Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation.

Bogati was born in the Nuwakot District. He was married and had three children: two daughters and a son.

Bogati died from a brain haemorrhage caused by a cardiac arrest on 15 September 2014 in Kathmandu. He was 61.

References

Other websites
 Post Bahadur Bogati  at Ujyaalo Online

1953 births
2014 deaths
Communist politicians
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Government ministers of Nepal
Nepalese politicians
Berks County, Pennsylvania

Berks County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 411,442. The county seat is Reading.

History  

It was named after the English county of Berkshire where William Penn's family had large estates. Berkshire is often abbreviated as Berks. Reading developed during the 1740s. At that time the people living in northern Lancaster County sent several petitions requesting that a separate county be made. With the help of German immigrant Conrad Weiser, the county was formed on March 11, 1752. It was made from parts of Chester County, Lancaster County, and Philadelphia County.

References 

18th-century establishments in Pennsylvania
1750s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
1752 establishments
Pennsylvania counties
Vladimír Sobotka

Vladimír Sobotka (born July 1, 1986) is a Czech professional ice hockey center. He currently plays for Avangard Omsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He has also played for HC Slavia Praha of the Czech Extraliga, as well as the Boston Bruins and St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Career
Sobotka started his ice hockey career with HC Slavia Praha of the Czech Extraliga. He played 96 games throughout 4 seasons with them, scoring 10 goals and recording 19 assists. He was drafted with the 106th overall pick by the Boston Bruins in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft.

On November 24, 2007, Sobotka played in his first NHL game in a 2-1 loss to the New York Islanders. On February 13, 2008, Sobotka was able to score his first NHL goal and the game-winning goal against Ty Conklin of the Pittsburgh Penguins in a 2-1 win. On June 26, 2010, Sobotka was traded to the St. Louis Blues for the rights to Boston University defenseman David Warsofsky.

Sobotka's first goal as a member of the Blues came on November 6, 2010 against his former team, the Boston Bruins, beating Tuukka Rask after the puck was turned over in the Bruins' zone. On June 15, 2011, he re-signed to a three-year contract with the Blues. On March 9, 2013, he scored his first NHL hat trick against the San Jose Sharks in a 4-3 overtime win.

On January 6, 2014, he was named to the Czech Republic's men's Olympic team roster, but he suffered a leg injury on January 31 which prevented him from being able to take part in the Olympics. The Blues placed Sobotka on the injured reserve list and he missed the 2014 Olympic Winter Games.

After the 2013-2014 season ended, he became a restricted free agent. Sobotka decided not to resign with the Blues and instead he was signed to a three-year contract by Avangard Omsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). When the possibility of Sobotka playing in the KHL became clear, the Blues filed for salary arbitration in the NHL. On July 21, 2014, Sobotka received a one-year, $2.725 million award from an arbitrator. The result of the arbitration award is if Sobotka decides to return to the NHL at a later date, the Blues will retain his rights for a year at the amount that was awarded by the arbitrator. At the end of that year, Sobotka will become an unrestricted free agent in the NHL.

References

Other websites

1987 births
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Czech ice hockey players
Living people
St. Louis Blues players
Ice hockey centres