cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Fabian Blattman

Fabian Blattman (born 28 December 1958) is a disabled athlete from Australia. He competes in a wheelchair. At the 1988 Summer Paralympics, he came fifth in the first heat of the Men's 200 m 1A - race. He won a silver medal in the 4×100 m race and a bronze medal in the 4×400 m race at the 1992 Summer Paralympics.  At the 1996 Summer Paralympics, he won a gold medal in the 1500 m race and a silver medal in the 800 m race. At the 2000 Summer Paralympics, he won a gold medal in the men's 400 m T51 race, a silver medal in the men's 1500 m T51 race, and a bronze medal in the men's 800 m T51 race.

References 

Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic gold medalists
Australian Paralympic silver medalists
Australian Paralympic bronze medalists
1958 births
Living people
Sportspeople from New South Wales
1988 Summer Paralympics
1992 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
Joanne Bradshaw

Joanne Meryl Bradshaw, OAM (born 8 November 1961) is a disabled athlete from Australia. She competes in a wheelchair. She was born in the Victorian town of Yallourn.  At the 1998 IPC Athletics World Championships in Birmingham, she won a silver medal in the women's discus and a bronze medal in the women's javelin. She won a gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Games in the women's shot put F37 and set a new Paralympic Games record. She competed but did not win any medals at the 2004 Athens Games.

References 

Living people
Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic gold medalists
1961 births
Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
Damien Burroughs

Damien Burroughs (born 28 October 1978) is an Australian disabled athlete. He was born in West Union, Ohio, in the United States. He won a gold medal at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in the Men's Discus F36. He competed but did not win any medals at both the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics.

References 

Australian athletes
Sportspeople from Ohio
Australian Paralympic gold medalists
1978 births
Living people
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
Aaron Chatman

Aaron Chatman (born 11 May 1987) is an athlete from Australia. He is disabled.  He competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China and won a silver medal in the men's High jump—F44/46  and a bronze medal in the men's 4 x 100 metre relay—T42-46 race. Irina Dvoskina was his coach.

References 

Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic bronze medalists
Australian Paralympic silver medalists
1987 births
Living people
2008 Summer Paralympics
Darren Collins

Darren Collins is a disabled athlete from Australia. He won a two bronze medals at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in the Men's 200 m B1 race and the Men's 400 m B1 race.

References 

Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic bronze medalists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
1992 Summer Paralympics
St. Joseph, Missouri

St. Joseph is a city in northwest Missouri. It is next to the Kansas state line north of Kansas City. It is where the famous outlaw Jesse James lived and where the Pony Express Started. There is much entertainment to be seen there. And many historical sites and things. There are many shops and restaurants with delicious food. St. Joseph is well known because of the pony express. It is one of the biggest cities in Missouri (the eighth biggest) and was established in 1843.

Cities in Missouri
County seats in Missouri
Richard Colman

Richard Colman OAM  (born 28 November 1984)  is a disabled athlete from Australia. He raced in the 2004 Summer Paralympics and he won a gold medal in the men's 800 metres—T53 race, and a silver medal in the men's 4 x 100 metre relay—T53-54 race. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and he won a silver medal in the men's 200 metres—T53 race, and a bronze medal in the men's 400 metres—T53 race.

References 

Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic bronze medalists
Australian Paralympic silver medalists
Australian Paralympic gold medalists
Living people
1984 births
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics

The 2004 Summer Paralympics were in Athens, Greece. They were the twelfth Paralympics. It is thought that around 4,000 athletes took part in these games. Athletes with learning difficulties were not allowed to take part in these games because it was difficult to test and find out what the disabilities were.

References 

2004 Summer Paralympics
Block (Internet)

A block (known as UIB when referenced to being blocked from editing Wikipedia) is action taken to stop certain people having access to information. If a website activates a block based on the internet protocol address (IP address) of a user, that block can effect other users that share the address. Some blocked users try to get around the block by making a different account or using a proxy server.

Internet
FC Liefering

FC Liefering is a football club from Liefering, a quarter of the Austrian city Salzburg. The club is playing in the Admiral Zweite Liga, the second level of Austrian football.

Before 2012, the club was called Red Bull Juniors.

History
The former Red Bull Juniors are now playing together with USK Anif in the Regionalliga West, the highest amateur class in Austria. The licence of USK Anif was transferred to Liefering. In their first year Liefering played in the Regionalliga West and won the league. Their first year in the 2nd league was also successful, they finished 3rd. Since the promotion to 2nd league they finished almost each season in the upper half of the table.

League

as Red Bull Juniors

The second teams of teams of the Bundesliga were relegated

as FC Liefering

Current squad

Coaching staff
 René Aufhauser Headcoach
 Patrick Mölzl Assistant coach
 Tobias Kern Assistant coach
 Heinz Arzberger Goalkeeper coach

Out on loan

Former coaches

Former players

 Xaver Schlager
 Valentino Lazaro
 Stefan Lainer
 Hannes Wolf
 Konrad Laimer
 Alexander Schmidt
 Romano Schmid
 Diadie Samassékou
 Amadou Haidara
 Dayot Upamecano
 Mahamadou Dembele
 Carlos Miguel Coronel
 Andre Ramalho Silva
  Smail Prevljak
  Patson Daka
 Enock Mwepu
 Duje Caleta-Car
 Masaya Okugawa
 Gideon Mensah
  Mergim Berisha
  Karim Adeyemi
 Hee-chan Hwang
 Dominik Szoboszlai
 Benjamin Sesko

Honours
 1x Champion Regionalliga West: 2012
 3x Runner-up 2nd League: 2015, 2017, 2021

Other websites
Profile  on RedBulls.com

References

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Salzburg
Islet

Islets are small islands. Examples are Ortac in the English Channel and the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea.

References

Islands
Grand Ole Opry

The Grand Ole Opry is a country music organization. It performs a concert every week and gives awards. The legendary Loretta lynn has been performing there for over 50 years. Also the famous Carrie Underwood has been playing there since 2006 and still plays there today. The type of music that they play is country music

Country music
Nashville, Tennessee
Russia at the Olympics

Russia has been at the modern Olympic Games many times.  They have been called different nations.  As the Russian Empire, they were first at the 1900 Games.  They returned again in 1908 and 1912.  After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, they were not at the Olympics again until the 1952 Summer Olympics.  After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992.  They returned once again as Russia at the 1994 Winter Olympics.

The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.  Russia will host the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

Since 2012, Russian athletes have won a total of 404 medals (399 since 1994) at the Summer Olympic Games.  They have another 91 at the Winter Olympic Games.  Over the most recent ten Games (since 1994), Russia's 495 total medals, including 170 gold medals, are second only to the United States (with 631 and 237, respectively).

The Russian Olympic Committee was formed in 1991 and recognized in 1993.

Medal tables 
*Red border color indicates tournament was held on home soil.

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport 

Notes
 1: partially banned due to the state-sponsored doping program.
 2: banned due to the state-sponsored doping program.

Flag Bearers

 1994 Winter Olympics - Sergey Chepikov
 1996 Summer Olympics - Alexander Karelin
 1998 Winter Olympics - Alexey Prokurorov
 2000 Summer Olympics - Andrey Lavrov
 2002 Winter Olympics - Alexey Prokurorov
 2004 Summer Olympics - Alexander Popov
 2006 Winter Olympics - Dmitry Dorofeev
 2008 Summer Olympics - Andrei Kirilenko
 2010 Winter Olympics - Aleksey Morozov
 2012 Summer Olympics - Maria Sharapova

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes
 Soviet Union at the Olympics

References

Other websites

 
 Russian Federation profile at London2012.com

Olympics
Nations at the Olympics
Neil Lennon

Neil Francis Lennon (born 25 June 1971) is a football manager and former player from Northern Ireland. He is the manager and former captain of Celtic.

During his playing career he represented English clubs Manchester City, Crewe Alexandra and Leicester City before moving to Scottish club Celtic where he made over 200 appearances as a midfielder. Before retiring as a player, he returned to England to represent Nottingham Forest and Wycombe Wanderers.

Lennon made 40 appearances for Northern Ireland in nine years, scoring two goals.

References

1971 births
Living people
Northern Irish footballers
Northern Irish football managers
Storytime

"Storytime" is a song by Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish. The song was written by keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, who also created the band. It became the lead single from the band's seventh studio album Imaginaerum (2011). "Storytime" features vocals by the vocalist of Nightwish, Anette Olzon. The single was released on November 9, 2011 from Nuclear Blast with mostly positive reviews from music journalist. 

The song is about human expressions through folklore tales such as Peter Pan and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. It also talks about Gaia, a mythical Greek Earth goddess, in the song. A music video was released to promote "Storytime" in November 2011, it features the entire band playing their instruments in a "fantasy" world. After the single's release on radios, it peaked at number-one on the Finnish Singles Chart and peaked within the top 5 in Spain, Hungary, and the United Kingdom.

One day there was a really ugly thing called Lennie yeah and like he liked doin it doggy style yeah and like yeah

2011 songs
Imaginaerum

Imaginaerum is the seventh album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish. It is their second album with Swedish vocalist Anette Olzon. A movie of the same name was released in 2012. The movie has songs from the album in it. The album was No.1 in Finland.

Track listing

Personnel 
 Anette Olzon – vocals
 Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards, piano
 Emppu Vuorinen – guitars
 Marco Hietala – bass, vocals (on track 1, 3–6, 9-12)
 Jukka Nevalainen – drums, percussion
 Troy Donockley – uilleann pipes (on track 5 and 13), tin whistle (on track 1, 8 and 10), vocals (on track 10 and 12)
 Dermot Crehan – hardanger fiddle
 Dirk Campbell – sorna
 Guy Barker – solo trumpet
 Paul Clarvis and Stephen Henderson – ethnic percussion
 Pekka Kuusisto – violin
 Kai Hahto – percussion

References 

2011 albums
Anette Olzon

Anette Ingegerd Olsson (born 21 June 1971) better known as Anette Olzon (married name Blyckert) is a Swedish singer. She is the current lead singer of the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish. She used to be the lead singer of Aylson Avenue.

1971 births
Living people
Finnish singers
Romania at the Olympics

Romania at the Olympics is a history which began in 1900.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Romania was RUM.  It is now ROU.

History
A team from Romania was first at the Olympic Games in 1900. They had only one participant. The National Olympic Committee for Romania is the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee. It was formed and recognized in 1914. The nation first sent a team to the Games in 1924. They have been to each of the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then except for two times. Notably, Romania was the lone Eastern Bloc nation to participate at the 1984 Summer Olympics, which the other nations boycotted. That was also Romania's most successful Olympic Games: they won 20 gold medals and 53 medals total.

Romanian athletes have won a total of 293 medals, with gymnastics as the top medal-producing sport.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites

 
  Romania profile at London2012.com

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Romania
Serbia at the Olympics

Serbia was first at the Olympic Games in 1912. After 96 years, Serbia returned to the Olympics as an independent team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. From 1920 to the 1992 Winter Olympics Serbian athletes were part of the Yugoslavian team. At the 1992 Summer Olympics they took part as Independent Olympic Participants. This was because the United Nations was threatening to punish Serbia. Because of this, no Serbians were at the 1994 Winter Olympics. The threats stopped in 1995. From the 1996 Summer Olympics to the 2006 Winter Olympics they were part of the Serbia and Montenegro team.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by sport

List of medalists

Flagbearers
 
Summer Olympics

 
Winter Olympics

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

 Serbia profile at London2012.com

Sport in Serbia
Nations at the Olympics
Slovakia at the Olympics

Slovakia was first at the Olympic Games in 1994.  They have been in every Games since then.  Before Czechoslovakia broke up in 1993, Slovak athletes competed for Czechoslovakia at the Olympics.

Slovak athletes have won twenty medals altogether at the Summer Olympic Games. These were mostly for canoeing.  The nation has also won four medals at the Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Slovakia was made in 1992 and recognized in 1993.

Medalists

Summer Games

Winter Games

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
 Slovak Olympic Committee 
 Slovakia profile at London2012.com

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Slovakia
Slovenia at the Olympics

Slovenia was first an independent nation at the Olympic Games in 1992.  They have been in every Games since then.  Prior to the breakup of Yugoslavia, Slovenian athletes were part of Yugoslavia at the Olympics.

The National Olympic Committee for Slovenia was formed in 1991 and recognized in 1993.  Slovenian athletes have won a total of fifteen medals at the Summer Olympic Games and another seven at the Winter Olympic Games.

Medalists

Summer Olympics

Winter Olympics

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

 Slovenia profile at London2012.com
 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Slovenia
Sweden at the Olympics

Sweden was first at the Olympic Games at the inaugural 1896 Games.  They have been in every Games since then with one exception for the 1904 Summer Olympics. Sweden has earned medals at all Olympic games except for two, the 1896 Games and the 1904 Games.

Sweden hosted the Games on one occasion, the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. The equestrian events of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne were held in Stockholm, due to quarantine reasons.

Swedish athletes have a total of 475 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, and another 118 at the Winter Olympic Games.

The International Olympic Committee had Swedish officer and sports instructor Viktor Balck as one of its original members. The Swedish Olympic Committee was formed and recognized in 1913.

Sweden's Olympic Games bids

Swedish Summer Olympic Games bids

Swedish Winter Olympic Games bids

2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 Winter Games bids were declared non-finished applications by the Swedish Olympic Committee, due lack of political support from the Swedish government. The reason has been that the bidding is financially insecure for the Swedish society as a nation. 2018 Winter Olympic Games bids were promised support by the former government, but when the new government was elected, the bid was withdrawn. Östersund and Åre were the only applicant cities.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport

*Total medal counts include six medals – three gold, two silver, and one bronze – awarded in the 1908 and 1920 figure skating events.  These medals are included in the summer games medal totals and the winter sport medal totals.  This is why the totals for summer and winter games do not match the totals for summer and winter sports.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

 
 Sweden profile at London2012.com

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Sweden
Scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease that is caused by bacteria. It is caused by exotoxin released by Streptococcus pyogenes. It was once a major cause of death. It is now treated with antibiotics. The term scarlatina can be used to mean scarlet fever.  Scarlatina is a lesser form of scarlet fever. At the early times, this disease could not be cured and this was a common reason for death in that time which applies to many famous people of the world.

Diseases caused by bacteria
RTI Colombia

RTI Colombia (Radio Televisión Interamericana - in Spanish; Inter-American Radio and Television) is a Colombian television production company. Many of its series are co-produced with Telemundo, their strategic partner from the United States whose owner is NBC.

Sources 
Official website 

Entertainment companies
Irish House of Lords

Irish House of Lords was the upper chamber of the Irish Parliament from its creation in the thirteenth century to its abolition in 1800-1801. It was made up of the barons and clergy of the island. After the reformation the clergy in the Lords came from the Church of Ireland.

History of Ireland
Parliaments
13th-century establishments in Europe
1800s disestablishments in Europe
Henry Grattan

Henry Grattan (3 July 1746 – 6 June 1820) was an Irish politician. He was a member of the Irish House of Commons. He wanted changes such as Catholic Emancipation and more self government for the kingdom. He did not believe that Ireland and Great Britain should become a single country. He was one of the people who were most important in creating the constitution of 1782. This gave Ireland self-government. He was also important in ending  Poynings law of 1494 and the Declaratory Act of 1720. 

Irish politicians

1746 births
1820 deaths
Turkey at the Olympics

Turkey sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1908. It has sent athletes to of the Summer Olympic Games since then.  Turkey has been a part of most Winter Olympic Games since their first in 1936. Turkish athletes have won a total of 82 medals. They have won 37 golds, 23 silvers and 22 bronzes. Turkey won the most medals in wrestling.

The National Olympic Committee for Turkey was created in 1908. It was accepted by the IOC in 1911. Istanbul wants to host the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
  Turkey profile at London2012.com
 
 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Turkey
Ukraine at the Olympics

Ukraine sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time as an independent nation in 1994. It  has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then.

Before 1994, Ukrainian athletes were a part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics from 1952 to 1988. After the Soviet Union ended, Ukraine was part of the Unified Team in 1992.

Ukraine has won a total of 116 medals at the Summer Games and five at the Winter Games. Gymnastics has been the nation's best sport.

The National Olympic Committee of Ukraine was created in 1990. It was accepted by the International Olympic Committee in 1993.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport

Flag Bearers

| width="40%" align="left" valign="top" |
 1994 Winter Olympics - Viktor Petrenko
 1996 Summer Olympics - Serhiy Bubka
 1998 Winter Olympics - Andriy Deryzemlya
 2000 Summer Olympics - Yevhen Braslavets
 2002 Winter Olympics - Olena Petrova
 2004 Summer Olympics - Denys Silantiev
 2006 Winter Olympics - Natalia Yakushenko
 2008 Summer Olympics - Yana Klochkova
 2010 Winter Olympics - Liliya Ludan
 2012 Summer Olympics - Roman Hontyuk

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 
 
  Ukraine profile at London2012.com

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Ukraine
Serbia and Montenegro at the Olympics

The former state union of Serbia and Montenegro sent athletes to the Olympic Games seven times between 1992 and 2006. After that,  Montenegro and Serbia became separate countries.

History
Yugoslavia had sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games from 1920–1988. They sent athletes to all but two Winter Olympic Games between 1924–1988.  Because of the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991 and 1992, their part in the Olympics changed.  Croatia and Slovenia sent their own athletes to the 1992 Winter Olympics. The team from Yugoslavia was made up of athletes from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. This was the last Games for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was created in April 1992. It included the Republic of Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia. In May of 1992, the United Nations Security Council said that all nations should not let the FR of Yugoslavia take part in any international sports. The International Olympic Committee said that athletes from Serbia and Montenegro (and also Macedonia) could still take part in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.  The athletes had to be Independent Olympic Participants (IOP), wear plan white clothing and use the Olympic Anthem and Olympic flag during the events. They could not be a part of the opening and closing ceremonies of the games.
A team of 52 athletes took part in events. They won three medals in shooting. The athletes could only take part in the game as individuals. No teams were allowed. This meant that the men's water polo team, the women's basketball team, and the men's and women's handball teams could not compete.

No athletes were allowed to take part in any way in the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer.  The country was allowed to send athletes to the next Olympiad.

At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, the team of 68 athletes took part in 13 sports and won four medals.  In Sydney for the 2000 Summer Olympics, the Yugoslavia team had 111 athletes in 14 sports and won three medals.

In 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia became the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The nation was named Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) for the first time at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.  The team of 87 athletes competed in 14 sports and won two silver medals.

In 2006, the state union ended. Each nation became independent.   The NOC for Serbia and Montenegro became the Olympic Committee of Serbia in June 2006. The Montenegrin Olympic Committee was accepted by the IOC in July 2007.
Montenegro and Serbia participated independently for the first time at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 Serbia profile at London2012.com
 Montenegro profile at London2012.com

Former nations at the Olympics
Sport in Montenegro
Sport in Serbia

he:יוגוסלביה במשחקים האולימפיים#סרביה ומונטנגרו: 2004
Magnetic flux

Magnetic flux is what generates the field around a magnetic material. It consists of photons, however, unlike the light we receive from the Sun, it is at a much lower frequency. (1) This is why magnetic field lines are not visible to the naked eye.

It is the alignment of electrons in the atomic shells of Ferromagnets and, separately, the “spinning” electrons in Electromagnets, that provides a material with it’s Magnetism. (2)

The number of magnetic field lines passing through a surface (such as a loop of wire). The magnetic flux through a closed surface (such as a ball) is always zero.

The SI unit of magnetic flux is the Weber (Wb) (in derived units: volt-seconds). 

The CGS unit is the Maxwell. 

Magnetic flux is sometimes used by electrical engineers designing systems with electromagnets or designing dynamos.  Physicists designing particle accelerators also calculate magnetic flux.

Related pages
Magnetic field
James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces are two complementary aspects of electromagnetism.
Maxwell's equations describe the behavior of both the electric and magnetic fields, as well as their interactions with matter.
Gauss's law gives the relation between the electric flux flowing out a closed surface and the electric charge enclosed in the surface.
Magnetic circuit is a method using an analogy with electric circuits to calculate the flux of complex systems of magnetic components.
Magnetic mono pole is a hypothetical particle that may be loosely described as "a magnet with only one pole".
Magnetic flux quantum is the quantum of magnetic flux passing through a superconductor.
Carl Friedrich Gauss developed a collaboration with  Wilhelm Weber which led to new knowledge in the field of magnetism.

References
1 - https://www.rpi.edu/dept/phys/ScIT/InformationStorage/faraday/magnetism_a.html

2 -https://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=414

Other websites
Vicci, , Magnetic-flux conduits
Magnetic Flux through a Loop of Wire by Ernest Lee, Wolfram Demonstrations Project by Wolfram Research.
Conversion Magnetic flux Φ in nWb per meter track width to flux level in dB - Tape Operating Levels and Tape Alignment Levels

Magnetism
Emperor Tenji

, also known as Emperor Tenchi, was the 38th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.   His reign started in 661 and ended in 671.

Traditional narrative
Before he became the monarch, his personal name (imina) was  .

He was the son of Emperor Jomei.

Events of Tenji's life
Prince Naka no Ōe was made heir apparent and Crown Prince in 661.

 661: In the third year of Empress Saimei's reign, she died. Her son received the succession (senso), but he governed as Crown Prince for the next six years.  He did not formally accept the monarch's role and duties and powers.
 668: Emperor Tenji became the monarch (sokui).  This was confirmed in ceremonies.
 668: In the seventh year of Tenji's reign, flammable water (petroleum) from Echigo Province was presented to Emperor Tenji.
 672: Tenji is said to have compiled the first Japanese legal code. This was the Ōmi Code, consisting of 22 volumes.  These  law became effective in the last year of Tenji's reign.

Prince Ōtomo (Ōtomo-shinnō) was the favorite son of Emperor Tenji; and he was also the first to be accorded the title of Daijō-daijin.

Tenji improved the military forces which had been established during the Taika reforms.

After his death
The actual site of Tenji's grave is known.  This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Yamashina-ku, Kyoto.

The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Tenji's mausoleum.  It is formally named Yamashina no misasagi.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References

Other websites

626 births
671 deaths
Emperors of Japan
Fess Parker

Fess Elisha Parker, Jr. (August 16, 1924 - March 18, 2010), was an American actor.

Career 
His first movie was Harvey (1950) with James Stewart. Over the years, he worked on movies with many well known actors. These include Gary Cooper, Bob Hope, Jeff Chandler and Steve McQueen.

Fess Parker work for Disney on two movies about Davy Crockett In 1964, NBC hired him to do a television series about Daniel Boone.  The series was about the Boone and his fights against the Indians and the redcoats in the American Revolution. The cast of the series included of Patricia Blair as Rebecca Boone, Albert Salmi as Yadkin, Ed Ames as Mingo, Roosevelt Grier as Gabe Cooper and Darby Hinton is Israel Boone. 159 episodes were made between 1964-1970.

Movies

References 
sci-fi swarm and horror horde: interviews with 62 filmmakers by Tom Weaver
 Magazine Texas Monthly Nov 1986

Other websites 

1924 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Fort Worth, Texas
Soviet Union at the Olympics

The Soviet Union sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1952. They sent teams to the Games 18 simes since then. At seven of its nine times at the Summer Olympic Games, the team ranked first in the total number of medals won. It was ranked second at the other two Games. The team was ranked first in the medal count seven times and second twice in nine times they sent teams to the Winter Olympic Games.

The Olympic Committee of the USSR was created on April 21, 1951. It was accepted by the IOC on May 7, 1951. 

The 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki was first Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. On July 20, 1952, the first Olympic gold medal for the country was won by Nina Romashkova in the women's discus throw. Romashkova set the new Olympic record in the event. The 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo were the first Winter Olympic Games for Soviet athletes. The first Winter Olympic gold medal for the Soviet Union was won by Lyubov Kozyreva in women's cross-country skiing 10 km event. 

The USSR was the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These Games were boycotted by the United States and many other countries. After this, the USSR led a boycott of the 1984 Games in Los Angeles.

The USSR ended on December 26, 1991. The Olympic Committee of the USSR did not end until March 12, 1992.

In 1992, 12 of the 15 countries that had been part of the Soviet Union took part in the Games as the Unified Team. They used the Olympic Flag in the Barcelona Games. The Unified Team finished first in the medal rankings.  The Unified Team also competed at the Albertville Winter Games earlier in the year. Only seven of the twelve countries took part. They finished second in the medal ranking at those Games.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

Unified Team at the Olympics
Russia at the Olympics

References

Other websites 

 
 
 Russian Federation profile at London2012.com

Former nations at the Olympics
Olympics
To Catch a Predator

To Catch a Predator is a television program designed to catch adults trying to have sex with children below the age of 16.  People were lured to meet with a decoy under the pretense of sexual contact and then confronted. Show host Chris Hansen clarified in an interview with NPR News that these subjects should be labeled as potential sexual predators, and not pedophiles. "Pedophiles have a very specific definition, people who are interested in prepubescent sex," he stated. 

The series premiered in November 2004, and featured 12 investigations in total held across the United States. The investigations were conducted as undercover sting operations with the help of on-line watchdog group Perverted-Justice. Since the third installment, law enforcement and other officials were also involved, leading to the arrests of most individuals caught. No new episodes have aired since December 2007.

NBC affiliates WTMJ in Milwaukee, KSHB in Kansas City and WBRE have also done local versions of To Catch a Predator. Various spin-offs have aired in the same format, including To Catch a Con Man, To Catch an ID Thief, To Catch a Car Thief and To Catch an i-Jacker, which featured iPod thieves. To Catch a Predator is also aired on FX and Crime & Investigation Network in the United Kingdom, the Crime & Investigation Network in Australia and New Zealand and FOX Crime in Portugal.

References

2004 television series debuts
Jahbulon

Jahbulon (or Jabulon) is a word, or a confection of three syllables, that was used in the past in some rituals of certain parts of Masonry.  It is also said to be used in Ordo Templi Orientis rituals.

The origin and meaning of this word are not completely known. Different groups think the word means different things. Even Masonic researchers do not all agree to what the word means or where it came from. One Masonic scholar says that the word was first used in an early 18th century Royal Arch ritual. He said it was the name of an explorer looking for King Solomon's Temple. Another Masonic scholar thinks it is a name for God in Hebrew. The most used Masonic explanation is that it is a word that comes from putting together parts of the name of God in different historic languages.

Writers who are not Masons, especially those against Masonry, have said that it is a Masonic name for God. Some say it is the name of a unique "Masonic God". Freemasonry's officials have said many times that "There is no separate Masonic God". They have also said that there is no separate proper name for a deity in any branch of Freemasonry.  This meaning of the word has caused many religious groups to argue about and condemn Freemasonry.  In England, no ritual with the name has been in official Masonic use since February 1989. Stephen Knights, author of The Brotherhood:The Secret World of the Freemasons, says it is a trinity composed of three ancient Middle Eastern Gods, Jah, God of the Jews, Baal, God of the Phoenicians, and On, an Egyptian God.

After persistent strong criticism in the popular press, the Supreme Grand Chapter of England excised the word from its Royal Arch ritual in 1989, and replaced it with a choice between two forms of the tetragrammaton.

References

Freemasonry
Yugoslavia at the Olympics

Yugoslavia sent athletes to the Olympic Games for the first time in 1920. Before this, several athletes from Croatia, Slovenia and Vojvodina were on the Olympic teams of Austria or Hungary when those countries were part of the Empire of Austria-Hungary. A small team of two athletes been sent from the Serbia to the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Yugoslavia has been the name for Olympic teams from three distinct nations:
 Kingdom of Yugoslavia (officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes until 1929) from 1920–1936
 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1948 to the 1992 Winter Olympics
 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, made up of only Montenegro and Serbia, from 1996–2002

Two of the nations that were at one time part of Yugoslavia, (Croatia and Slovenia), started sending their own teams to the Olympics at the 1992 Winter Olympics. As of the 2008 Summer Olympics, all six former parts of Yugoslavia were sending their own teams to the Games.

Timeline of participation at the Olympic Games

Medal tables

These tables do not include Yugoslavia teams representing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro).

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 
 Sportnet Bernard Jurišić: Tuđe nećemo - svoje ne damo (medals of Yugoslavia  won by Croatian sportsmen), April 1, 2008, accessed September 30, 2010

Former nations at the Olympics
Olympics
Sex linkage

Sex linkage is a term in genetics. It applies to alleles (forms of a gene) on the X chromosome.

In mammals, which have an XX/XY system of sex determination, the X chromosome has many more genes than the Y chromosome. This explains the inheritance of such conditions as colour blindness and haemophilia. They are caused by recessive alleles, and usually do not show the condition in females. This is because those females carrying the mutant are most likely to be heterozygous for the allele. However, if the mutant allele is carried by a male, the condition will develop, because his X chromosome has the mutant allele, but his Y chromosome has no allele at that locus.

Related terms 
Sex-linked characters controlled by genes on sex chromosomes are not the only kind of sex-related characters.

Sex-influenced traits 
Sex-influenced or sex-conditioned traits are phenotypes affected by whether they appear in a male or female body. Even in a homozygous female the condition may not be expressed fully. Example: baldness in humans.

Sex-limited traits 
These are characters only expressed in one sex. They may be caused by genes on either autosomal or sex chromosomes. Examples: female sterility in Drosophila; and polymorphism in insects, especially in relation to mimicry. Closely linked genes on autosomes called "supergenes" are often responsible for the latter.

Notes 

Chromosomes
Telenovela

A telenovela, or simply  novela, is a serial drama television program. It is popular in Latin American, Portuguese, and Spanish television programming. Telenovelas are different from soap operas. Telenovelas have an ending. They come to an end after a long run. This is usually less than one year. The telenovela combines drama with the 19th century feuilleton and the Latin American radionovela.  They are often used to give cultural messages by adding them into storylines.

Because the telenovela is similar to the American soap opera, the telenovela is often called a "Spanish soap opera" in the United States. While most English language soap operas have no ending, almost all telenovelas run for a limit time. They are usually shown five or six days a week and run for an average of 120 episodes.

Reference

 

he:אופרת סבון#טלנובלה
Arriva London

Arriva London is a bus company. It is a division of Arriva, which operates services in Greater London. It is made up of Grey Green, Leaside Buses and London Country bus operations. 

Operations are split between two registered companies, Arriva London North Limited and Arriva London South Limited.

Arriva London North Limited
Arriva London North Limited operates nine bus garages.

Palmers Green (AD)
Ash Grove (AE)
Tottenham (AR)
Clapton (CT)
Barking (DX)
Enfield (E)
Lee Valley (LV)
Stamford Hill (SF)
Wood Green (WN)

Arriva London South Limited
Arriva London South Limited operate four bus garages.

Brixton (BN)
Norwood (N)
Croydon (TC)
Thornton Heath (TH)

References

Other websites
Arriva London website

London bus operators
Harold Camping

Harold Egbert Camping (July 19, 1921 – December 15, 2013) was an American Christian radio broadcaster. His parents were Dutch immigrants. He served as president of Family Radio, a California-based radio station group that broadcasts to more than 150 markets in the United States, since 1958. In 2011 he retired from active broadcasting following a stroke, but maintained a role at Family Radio until his death. Camping is notable for applying numerology to his interpretations of Bible passages in an attempt to predict dates for the End Times. 

His 2011 end times prediction was that on May 21, 2011 Jesus Christ would return to Earth, the righteous would fly up to heaven, and that there would follow five months of fire, brimstone and plagues on Earth, with millions of people dying each day, culminating on October 21, 2011 with the end of the world. He had previously predicted judgment days on May 21, 1988, and September 6, 1994.

His prediction for May 21, 2011 was widely reported, in part because of a massive publicity campaign by Family Radio, and it prompted responses from both atheist and Christian organizations. After May 21 passed without the predicted incidents, Camping said he believed that a "spiritual" judgment had occurred on that date, and that the physical Rapture would occur on October 21, 2011, simultaneously with the destruction of the universe by God. Except for one press appearance on May 23, 2011, Camping largely avoided press interviews after May 21, particularly after he suffered a stroke in June. October 21, 2011, passed without the predicted apocalypse, leading the International Business Times to proclaim Camping a "false prophet." 

Camping was reported to have retired from his position at Family Radio as of October 16, 2011, only days before his last predicted date for the end of the world. However, his daughter later clarified that he had not retired outright, but was maintaining a role at the Family Radio while working from home. Camping admitted in a private interview that he no longer believed that anybody could know the time of the Rapture or the end of the world, in stark contrast to his previously staunch position on the subject.

References

1921 births
2013 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
American Christians
People from Boulder, Colorado
Santana Formation

The Santana Formation is a high quality fossil site in Brazil 115 to 108 million years ago (mya). It is in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It qualifies as a Lagerstätte, which means it is one of the best fossil sites, with many undisturbed fossils.

The strata come from the Lower Cretaceous, laid down about 92 million years ago in a shallow inland sea.

Some 25 species of fish are found, many with stomach contents preserved. This lets palaeontologists study predator–prey relationships in the ecosystem. There are also fine examples of pterosaurs, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates (especially insects) and plants. Even dinosaurs are found here: a new maniraptor was described in 1996.

Limestone nodules formed around dead organisms; this preserved even the soft parts of their anatomy. The limestone was etched away using a mild acid. The fossils were then preserved by the 'transfer technique' which means they were embedded in a plastic resin such as polyester or epoxy.

The nearby Crato Formation is also a lagerstätte. It was produced in similar conditions, about 10 million years before the Santana Formation.

Notable taxa
Various remains of non-avian theropods, avialans, ornithischians, and possibly oviraptorosaurs have been found in Estado do Ceara, Brazil. Examples are spinosaurs like Irritator and maniraptors like Santanaraptor.

Ornithocheirus and Tupuxuara are examples. The inland sea also had turtles, such as Santanachelys.

References 

Lagerstätten
Brazil
Coit Tower

Coit Tower is a  tower in the Telegraph Hill neighborhood of San Francisco, California. The tower, in the city's Pioneer Park, was built in 1933. Lillie Hitchcock Coit left one-third of her estate to the city "to be expended in an appropriate manner for the purpose of adding to the beauty of the city which I have always loved".

The art deco tower is made of unpainted reinforced concrete. Architects Arthur Brown, Jr. and Henry Howard designed it. The tower has fresco murals by 27 different on-site artists and their assistants, plus two additional paintings installed after creation off-site.

The tower was not designed to resemble a fire hose nozzle, despite Coit's affinity with the San Francisco firefighters of the day, in particular with Knickerbocker Engine Company Number 5.

Photo gallery

The murals

References

Other websites

video of tower history and mural tour

San Francisco Highs at Coit Tower 
Coit Tower page in New Deal Art Registry 
Photography of Telegraph Hill  by Bennett Hall

National Register of Historic Places
Art Deco buildings
Towers
Buildings and structures in San Francisco
20th-century architecture
Landmarks in San Francisco
1933 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in California
Buildings and structures completed in the 20th century
Fiat Tempra

The Fiat Tempra is a car made by Fiat. It replaced the Fiat Regata in 1990, and were replaced by the Fiat Marea in 1996.

Engines 
 1.4 56 kW (76 hp)
 1.4 i.e. 51 kW (69 hp)
 1.6 62 kW (84 hp)
 1.6 i.e. 55 kW (75 hp), 57 kW (78 hp) and 66 kW (90 hp)
 1.8 i.e. 66 kW (90 hp), 76 kW (103 hp) and 80 kW (109 hp)
 2.0 i.e. 83 kW (113 hp)
 1.9 D 48 kW (65 hp)
 1.9 TD 66 kW (90 hp)

Tempra
Front wheel drive vehicles
1990s automobiles
Leonor Piuza

Leonor Piuza (born 14 April 1978) is a Mozambican runner. She is best in the 800 meter runs.

Piuza won the gold medal at the 2007 All-Africa Games and finished sixth at the 2008 African Championships. She also competed at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.

Piuza's personal best time is 2:01.71 minutes. She got this in June 2007 in Villefranche-sur-Saône.

References
 

1978 births
Living people
Mozambican people
Competitors in athletics
Ōmi Code

The , also known as the Asuka Kiyomihara Code, are Japanese laws which were written in 668-672. The code was created by Fujiwara no Kamatari.

The Ōmi Code was 22 volumes long.  It was put into effect in the last year of Emperor Tenji's reign.  This code was an early version of the Taihō Code of 701.

References 

7th century in Japan
Legislation
660s
670s
Lake Charles, Louisiana

Lake Charles is the largest city in the southwest Louisiana. it is the second-largest city in the Acadiana. It is the fifth-largest city in the U.S. States of Louisiana. The actual population is almost 72,000. The city was founded as Charleston, March 7, 1861. The name was changed to Lake Charles on March 16, 1867. The city was founded by and named for Charles Sallier.

References

Cities in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Empress Jitō

was the 41st Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Jitō's reign started in 686 and ended in 697.  Historians consider details about the life of Empress Jitō to be possibly legendary, but probable. The name Jitō-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

In the history of Japan, Jitō was the third of eight women to be empress.  The two female monarchs before Jitō were (a) Suiko and (b) Kōgyoku/Saimei.  The five women monarchs after Jitō were (c) Gemmei, (d) Genshō, (e) Kōken/Shōtoku, (f) Meishō, and (g) Go-Sakuramachi.

Traditional narrative
Before she became the monarch, this princess's personal name (imina) was , or alternately Uno.

Princess Uno was the daughter of Emperor Tenji and she was the wife of Emperor Temmu, who was Tenji's brother.

Events of Jitō's life
In this period, the court and the government was centered at Fujiwara Palace in Yamato.

 686 : In the 15th year of Emperor Temmu's reign, he died. The succession (senso) was in effect received by his wife.  Princess Uno wanted to ensure that her son, Prince Kusakabe, would become the next monarch.
 690 : In the 4th year of the period in which Princess Uno functioned as monarch, Prince Kusabake died.
 691 : Princess Uno was formally established as the monarch (sokui); and she became known as Empress Jitō.  This was confirmed in ceremonies.
 691 : Jito's grandson, was then named as Jitō's successor; and he would become known as Emperor Mommu.
 697 : In the 11th year of Empress Jitō's reign, she abdicated. In retirement, she took the post-reign title Daijō-tennō.  After this, other emperors who abdicated were known by the same title.
 702 (Taihō 2): Daijō-tennō Jitō died.

After her death
The actual site of Jitō's grave is known.  This empress is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Jitō's mausoleum.  It is formally named Ochi-no-Okanoe no misasagi.

Poetry
The Man'yōshū includes a waka poem said to have been composed by Jitō

After the death of the Emperor Temmu
Oh, the autumn foliage
Of the hill of Kamioka!
My good Lord and Sovereign
Would see it in the evening
And ask of it in the morning.
On that very hill from afar
I gaze, wondering
If he sees it to-day,
Or asks of it to-morrow.
Sadness I feel at eve,
And heart-rending grief at morn --
The sleeves of my coarse-cloth robe
Are never for a moment dry.

Related pages 
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Japanese empresses

References

Other websites

 Asuka Historical National Government Park:  image of Mausoleum Emperor Temmu and Empress Jitō , exterior view

645 births
702 deaths
Emperors of Japan
Japanese poets