cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Tanum Municipality

Tanum Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tanumshede.

References

Other websites
 Tanum Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Pays de Caux

The Pays de Caux () is an area in Normandy, France. It makes up the greater part of the French département of Seine Maritime in Normandy. It is a chalk plateau to the north of the Seine Estuary and extends to the cliffs on the English Channel coast. Its coastline is called the Côte d'Albâtre. In the east, it borders on the Pays de Bray where the layers of soil below the chalk show through.

The area depends on manufacturing more than as agriculture. Even so, the soil quality of the Pays de Caux is the finest in France. It is also known for its fine fabrics.

Cauchois is a dialect of the Norman language. The Pays de Caux is one of the last places outside the Cotentin Peninsula where the Norman language is spoken. Its main cities are Le Havre, Dieppe, Fécamp, Yvetot and Étretat.

In the Norman language caux means lime, calcium carbonate.

Artistic connections

The rugged scenery of the Pays de Caux is only a short distance from Paris. Artists including Claude Monet and Gustave Courbet came there to paint.

References 

Normandy
Geography of France
Pays de Bray

The Pays de Bray is a small natural region of France. It is northeast of Rouen and is in the French départements of the Seine-Maritime and Oise. It was in the historic  provinces of Normandy and Picardy since 911. The landscape is mainly bocage, a land use which has to do with its clay soil. This makes it suitable for pasture for the raising of dairy cattle. It produces famous butters and cheeses such as Neuchâtel.

Notes

References 

Normandy
Geography of France
Hauts-de-France
Israel National Trail

Israel National Trail (, Shvil Yisra'el) is a hiking trail for hikers and backpackers that crosses the whole of Israel. In 2016 will be opened another path for bicycles that crosses Israel.

Other websites 

Hiking the Israel National Trail - English language resources
The trail in Google maps
Shvil Israel at SPNI Israel National Trail at the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel website (Hebrew)
Israel National Trail  - Maps, Guids & Stories.

Geography of Israel
Trails
Cakka Nuraga

Cakka Nuraga (born August 18, 1998 in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia) is a pop and rock Indonesian singer and actor. Cakka career as a singer began when Cakka pageant television talent search Idola Cilik 2 and he was eliminated in the 7 finalists. Cakka is currently making a rock band named The Finest Tree's

Discography

Albums 
 Album Hijau The Finest Tree (2012)

Television

2009
Dewi - Andre

Other websites
 Cakka Nuraga's Official website 

Indonesian singers
Child singers
1998 births
Living people
Pop musicians
Rock musicians
Bocage

Bocage [boh-kahzh] is a Norman word which has found its way into both the French and English languages. It may refer to a small forest or a decoration that includes leaves. But most often it refers to pastures bordered by thick forest or hedges. The trees and hedges around the pastures or fields are planted in earth mounds. Between the planted mounds are sunken lanes. The word bocage forms part of the name for several towns in parts of Lower Normandy. The term Bocage Normandy refers to the area around Saint-Lô and Vire.

During World War II following the Allied Invasion of Normandy, the allies found themselves in 'hedgerow country' (bocage). It was ideal for German troops to hide in and not be seen until it was too late. The hedgerows were thick enough to hide tanks and artillery pieces. The final Allied breakout of the bocage into open country took over eight weeks of fighting.

Bocage landscape

References 

Geography of France
Landforms
International Academy of Architecture

The International Academy of Architecture is a non-profit organization. It has as a special status in the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The Academy is located in Sofia, Bulgaria.

Other websites 
 Official website of the International Academy of Architecture 

Sofia
Non-profit organizations
World Architecture Festival

The World Architecture Festival is an international festival dedicated to architecture. The festival started in 2008 in Barcelona. It has since then has been held in Singapore.

References

Other websites 
 Official website - World Architecture Festival
 Official website - World Buildings Directory

Festivals in Asia
Architecture
2008 establishments
Events in Singapore
World Urbanism Day

The World Urbanism Day is an internatonal event for urbanism and urban planning held every year on 8 November in 30 countries. The event was established in 1949 by the University of Buenos Aires.

Other websites 
 American Planning Association: World Town Planning Day
  World Urbanism Day from WN Network

Urban planning
Events
Kittur Chennamma

Kitturu Rani Chennamma (; born 23rd October 1778 in Kittur, Karnataka – died 21 February 1829) was the Queen of the princely state of Kittur, in what is now India. She was best known for leading an armed rebellion against the British East India Company in 1824. This was 33 years before the 1857 war of independence. The British were going to take control of Kittur under the doctrine of lapse, because there was no male heir. Yaseen the resistance ended with her martyrdom and she is remembered today as one of the earliest Indian rulers to have fought for independence. Along with Abbakka Rani, Keladi Chennamma and Onake Obavva she is much venerated in Karnataka as an icon of bravery and women’s pride.

References

Indian people
Kings and queens
1778 births
1829 deaths
Resistance to the British Empire
Surface-mount technology

Surface-mount technology (SMT) uses electronic devices that are made to be placed directly onto the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs).

Examples of surface-mount devices are resistors, capacitors, LEDs and integrated circuits. Surface mounted devices are generally smaller than those used in the older through-hole technology, which need longer leads and holes in the circuit board.

Other websites 
 

Electronics
Herzliya Interdisciplinary Center

Reichman University is a private university in Herzliya, Israel. 

Until the year 2020, it was known as "Herzliya Interdisciplinary Center".

Other websites 

Interdisciplinary Center
IDC Student Union
IDC International Radio 

Colleges and universities in Israel
1994 establishments in Asia
1990s establishments in Israel
University of Buenos Aires

University of Buenos Aires (, UBA) is an Argentine public national university based in the city of Buenos Aires. It was founded on August 12, 1821 by the governor of the province of Buenos Aires, Martín Rodríguez, and his government minister, Bernardino Rivadavia. The UBA is the largest university in Argentina and is considered one of the most prestigious study centers in America and the world.According to the bases of its university statute, «it is a public law entity whose aims are: the promotion, dissemination and preservation of culture [...] being in direct and permanent contact with universal thought and paying particular attention to the Argentine problems»

Gallery

References

Other websites 

Official website 
Argentine government website for international students 

Colleges and universities in South America
Buenos Aires
Through-hole technology

Through-hole technology is a way to mount electronic components to printed circuit boards (PCB).

It involves the use of leads on the components that are inserted into holes drilled in the PCBs and soldered to pads on the opposite side either by manual assembly (handiwork) or by the use of automated insertion mount machines.

Many parts made for through hole mounting are larger than those for surface-mount technology.

References

Electronics
Munkedal Municipality

Munkedal Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Munkedal.

References

Other websites
 Munkedal Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Lysekil Municipality

Lysekil Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lysekil.

References

Other websites
 Lysekil Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Bengtsfors Municipality

Bengtsfors Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Bengtsfors.

References

Other websites

 Bengtsfors Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Örkelljunga Municipality

Örkelljunga Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Örkelljunga.

References

Other websites
 Örkelljunga Municipality

Orkelljunga Municipality
Dals-Ed Municipality

Dals-Ed Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Ed.

References

Other websites

 Dals-Ed Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Färgelanda Municipality

Färgelanda Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Färgelanda.

References

Other websites

 Färgelanda Municipality

Fargelanda Municipality
Sotenäs Municipality

Sotenäs Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Kungshamn.

References

Other websites

 Sotenäs Municipality

Sotenas Municipality
Lilla Edet Municipality

Lilla Edet Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lilla Edet.

References

Other websites
 Lilla Edet Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Uddevalla Municipality

Uddevalla Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Uddevalla.

Localities
Ammenäs
Fagerhult
Herrestad
Hogstorp
Ljungskile
Sunningen
Uddevalla (seat)

References

Other websites

 Uddevalla Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Partille Municipality

Partille Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Partille.

References

Other websites
 Partille Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Ale Municipality

Ale Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Nödinge-Nol.

References

Other websites

 Ale Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Lerum Municipality

Lerum Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lerum.

References

Other websites

 Lerum Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Alingsås Municipality

Alingsås Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Alingsås.

References

Other websites

 Alingsås Municipality

Alingsås Municipality
Filter (electronics)

Electronic filters are electrical circuits which perform signal processing functions, specifically to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both. Electronic filters can be:

passive or active
analog or digital
high-pass, low-pass, bandpass, band-reject (band reject; notch), or all-pass.
discrete-time (sampled) or continuous-time
linear or non-linear
infinite impulse response (IIR type) or finite impulse response (FIR type)

The most common types of electronic filters are linear filters, regardless of other aspects of their design. Digital filters use a Fourier transform.

Electronic circuits
Bjuv Municipality

Bjuv Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Bjuv.

References

Other websites

 Bjuv Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Ängelholm Municipality

Ängelholm Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Ängelholm.

References

Other websites

 Ängelholm Municipality

Angelholm Municipality
Eslöv Municipality

Eslöv Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Eslöv.

References

Other websites

 Eslöv Municipality

Eslov Municipality
Staffanstorp Municipality

Staffanstorp Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Staffanstorp.

References

Other websites

 Staffanstorp Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Trelleborg Municipality

Trelleborg Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Trelleborg.

References

Other websites
 Trelleborg Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Bromölla Municipality

Bromölla Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Bromölla.

References

Other websites

 Bromölla Municipality

Bromolla Municipality
Lund Municipality

Lund Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lund.

References

Other websites
 Lund Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Lomma Municipality

Lomma Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lomma.

References

Other websites

 Lomma Municipality 

Municipalities of Sweden
Osby Municipality

Osby Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Osby.

References

Other websites
 Osby Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Tomelilla Municipality

Tomelilla Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tomelilla.

References

Other websites
 Tomelilla Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Svedala Municipality

Svedala Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Svedala.

References

Other websites
 Svedala Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Klippan Municipality

Klippan Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Klippan.

References

Other websites

 Klippan Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Åstorp Municipality

Åstorp Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Åstorp.

References

Other websites
 Åstorp Municipality

Astorp Municipality
Kävlinge Municipality

Kävlinge Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Kävlinge.

References

Other websites

 Kävlinge Municipality

Kavlinge Municipality
Östra Göinge Municipality

Östra Göinge Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Broby.

References

Other websites
 Östra Göinge Municipality

Ostra Goinge Municipality
Vellinge Municipality

Vellinge Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Vellinge.

References

Other websites

 Vellinge Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Burlöv Municipality

Burlöv Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Arlöv.

References

Other websites

 Burlöv Municipality

Burlov Municipality
Simrishamn Municipality

Simrishamn Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Simrishamn.

References

Other websites
 Simrishamn Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Skurup Municipality

Skurup Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Skurup.

References

Other websites
 Skurup Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Perstorp Municipality

Perstorp Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Perstorp.

References

Other websites
 Perstorp Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Highway 1 (Israel)

Highway 1 (, Kvish Ahat) is a road from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. It passes through Israel and the West Bank. It ends at the border with Jordan.

Roads in Israel
West Bank
Hässleholm Municipality

Hässleholm Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Hässleholm.

References

Other websites
 Hässleholm Municipality

Hassleholm Municipality
Svalöv Municipality

Svalöv Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Svalöv.

References

Other websites

 Svalöv Municipality

Svalov Municipality
Höganäs Municipality

Höganäs Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Höganäs.

References

Other websites
 Höganäs Municipality

Hoganas Municipality
Hörby Municipality

Hörby Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Hörby.

References

Other websites
 Hörby Municipality

Horby Municipality
Höör Municipality

Höör Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Höör.

References

Other websites
 Höör Municipality

Hoor Municipality
Sjöbo Municipality

Sjöbo Municipality () is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Sjöbo. In 1988, there was a controversial referendum in the municipality, where the majority said no to admitting foreign refugees.

References

Other websites
 Sjöbo Municipality

Sjobo Municipality
Highway 2 (Israel)

Highway 2 (, Kvish 2) also called the Coast Road, is a highway in Israel along the north coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It connects Tel Aviv and Haifa.

Roads in Israel
Tranemo Municipality

Tranemo Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tranemo.

References

Other websites
 Tranemo Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Tibro Municipality

Tibro Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tibro.

References

Other websites
 Tibro Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Herrljunga Municipality

Herrljunga Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Herrljunga.

References

Other websites
 Herrljunga Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Mark Municipality

Mark Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Kinna.

References

Other websites
 Mark Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Svenljunga Municipality

Svenljunga Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Svenljunga.

References

Other websites
 Svenljunga Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Grästorp Municipality

Grästorp Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Grästorp.

References

Other websites
 Grästorp Municipality

Grastorp Municipality
Vårgårda Municipality

Vårgårda Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Vårgårda.

References

Other websites
 Vårgårda Municipality

Vårgårda Municipality
Götene Municipality

Götene Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Götene.

References

Other websites
 Götene Municipality

Gotene Municipality
Töreboda Municipality

Töreboda Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Töreboda.

References

Other websites

 Töreboda Municipality

Toreboda Municipality
Highway 20 (Israel)

Ayalon Highway (, pronounced: "Netivei Ayalon", lit. "Ayalon Routes") is a highway system in the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area. The main road goes through Tel Aviv and is called Highway 20. The road starts in HaMa'apilim Interchange near the cities Kfar Shmaryahu, Herzliya, Ramat HaSharon. It ends at Holot Interchange in Gan Sorek. It goes through the cities of Bat Yam, Holon and Rishon LeZion. It meets Highway 4. A railway line runs along the road with a major train station inside the gates road. In central Tel Aviv, the road passes a canal of the Ayalon River.

Other websites 

Ayalon Highways Ltd.  Includes up to the minute traffic reports and live traffic camera views.
Transport Today and Tomorrow

Roads in Israel
Tel Aviv
Härryda Municipality

Härryda Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Mölnlycke.

References

Other websites
 Härryda Municipality

Harryda Municipality
Begin Road

Begin Road (, Begin Boulevard, Sderot Begin), also called Menachem Begin Expressway or Begin Highway, is an urban highway crossing western Jerusalem from north to south. It is named after Israel's sixth Prime Minister, Menachem Begin. The road starts at Atarot Junction and ends in HaMinharot Interchange. It connects to Road 60.

Other websites 

Roads in Israel
Jerusalem
1998 establishments in Asia
1990s establishments in Israel
International Union of Architects

International Union of Architects (, or UIA) is an international organization of architects. The organization is based in Paris, France.

Other websites 

 UIA website  Official website
 About the UIA American Institute of Architects website

France
International organizations
Architecture
Benedicta Boccoli

Benedicta Boccoli (born in Milan, 11 November 1966) is an Italian actress. She performs mostly on stage.

She starred also in movies including Gli angeli di Borsellino (2003), Valzer (2007) and Pietralata (2008).

Her sister is actress Brigitta Boccoli.

Theatre 
 Blithe Spirit of Noël Coward, 1992/1993 -
 Cantando Cantando of Maurizio Micheli, 1994/1995 -
 Buonanotte Bettina, of Garinei & Giovannini, 1995/1996/1997 -
 Can-Can - Musical of Abe Burrows - 1998/1999 - 
 Orfeo all'Inferno - of Jacques Offenbach - 1999 - as Tersicore
 Polvere di stelle, of Marco Mattolini, 2000/2001/2002
 Le Pillole d'Ercole of Maurice Hennequin & Paul Bilhaud, 2002/2003/2004
 Anfitrion, of Plautus, 2004
 Stalker of Rebecca Gillmann, 2004
 Pluto de Aristophanes, director Michele Mirabella - 2004
 Cactus Flower of Pierre Barillet & Jean-Pierre Grédy, director Tonino Pulci - 2004/2005/2006
 Prova a farmi ridere of Alan Aykbourn, director Maurizio Micheli - 2006
 The Tempest of William Shakespeare, 2006 - as Ariel
 Sunshine of William Mastrosimone, director Giorgio Albertazzi - 2007/2008 -
 The Apartment, of Billy Wilder, director Patrik Rossi Gastaldi - 2009–2010
 Vite private, of Noël Coward - 2012
 Dis-order, of Neil LaBute – 2014
 Incubi d'Amore, of Augusto Fornari, Toni Fornari, Andrea Maia, Vincenzo Sinopoli – 2014
 Crimini del Cuore, of Beth Henley – 2015
 A Room with a View, of E. M. Forster – 2016
 Cactus Flower of Pierre Barillet and Jean-Pierre Gredy - 2016
 Il più brutto week-end della nostra vita of Norm Foster - 2017-2018
 The test of Jordi Vallejo - 2019-2020
 Su con la vita of Maurizio Micheli - 2020

Film 
Gli angeli di Borsellino, director Rocco Cesareo – 2003
Valzer, director Salvatore Maira – 2007
Dolce di latte, director Gianni Leacche – 2008
Ciao Brother, director Nicola Barnaba – 2016

Short film 

La confessione, director herself – 2020

References

Other websites 
 Benedicta Boccoli Web Page 

1966 births
Living people
Actors from Milan
Italian movie actors
Italian stage actors
Tage Erlander

Tage Erlander (born 13 June 1901 in Ransäter, died 21 June 1985 in Huddinge) was a Swedish politician. He was a member of the Swedish Social Democratic Party. He was the Prime Minister of Sweden from October 1946 to October 1969.

References

Other websites

1901 births
1985 deaths
Government ministers of Sweden
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Per Albin Hansson

Per Albin Hansson (born 28 October 1885 in Kulladal, died 6 October 1946 in Stockholm) was a Swedish politician. He was a member of the Swedish Social Democratic Party and promoted policy of welfare state. He was the Prime Minister of Sweden from 24 September 1932 to 6 October 1946, except for a short period in mid-1936.

References

Other websites

1885 births
1946 deaths
Government ministers of Sweden
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Rona Anderson

Rona Anderson (3 August 1926 – 23 July 2013) was a Scottish actress. She was known for her roles in Whose Life Is It Anyway?, Sleeping Car to Trieste, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, and Floodtide.

Anderson was born on 3 August 1926 in Edinburgh, Scotland. She was raised in Ottawa, Canada. Anderson was married to Gordon Jackson from 1951 until his death in 1990. They had no children. Anderson died on 23 July 2013 in Edinburgh, Scotland from natural causes, aged 86.

References

Other websites
 

1926 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Edinburgh
Actors from Ottawa
Deaths from natural causes
Scottish movie actors
Scottish stage actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish voice actors
Henryk Baranowski

Henryk Baranowski (9 February 1943 – 27 July 2013) was a Polish theatre director and actor. He starred in two episodes of The Decalogue series directed by Krzysztof Kieślowski.

Baranowski was born on 9 February 1943 in Tarnopol, Poland (now Ternopil, Ukraine). He studied at the University of Warsaw. His career began in 1969. He retired in 2006. Baranowski died on 27 July 2013 in Warsaw, Poland from an illness, aged 70.

References

Other websites

1943 births
2013 deaths
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
Polish stage actors
Polish voice actors
Vickers Viscount

The Vickers Viscount is a British airliner. It is a four-turboprop civilian aircraft. It can carry between 65 and 75 passengers. The Vanguard is an enlarged cargo aircraft variant. It was used by Air France, BOAC, United Airlines and many other airlines in the world.

Civil aircraft
Transport in the United Kingdom
Bell P-59 Airacomet

The Bell P-59 Airacomet is an American military aircraft. It was the first fighter jet designed and built in the United States. It was used in World War II against Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe fighters, but it was far below the best enemy aircraft of the time. It was finally replaced in end of 1946 by the Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star. The last one was retired in 1949.

P-59
World War II American aircraft
United States Air Force aircraft
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star is an American fighter jet. It made a few flyovers of Germany in the last weeks of the World War II. After this war it was used in Korean War. From 1948 its designation was changed to F-80 Shooting Star.
The United States Air Force was the main operator, but they were also used by Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay.

This aircraft was the basis of the famous training aircraft T-33 T-Bird and of the F-94 Starfire fighter jet.

United States Air Force aircraft
P-80
Dhaka High Court

The Dhaka High Court is a court in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was created in 1947 under Pakistan (Provisional Constitutional) Order 1947.

References

Courts (law)
Bangladesh
1947 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Bangladesh
Training aircraft

A training aircraft, sometimes called a trainer, is an aircraft used to train future pilots and crews of aircraft.

Aircraft
Caroline Aigle

Caroline Aigle (12 September 1974 – 21 August 2007) was a French fighter jet pilot. She was born in Montauban. She was the first in France trained to fly a Mirage 2000. She died of a withering melanoma. She was mother of two boys. President of the French Republic Nicolas Sarkozy awarded her the Medal of Aeronautics by posthumous recognition. 

A few weeks before her death, she was selected by the European Space Agency for training to be an astronaut.

Caroline Aigle graduates École Polytechnique and École de l'Air.

1974 births
2007 deaths
Deaths from melanoma
French aviators
French Air Force
Alumni of the École Polytechnique
Huun-Huur-Tu

Huun-Huur-Tu (Tuvan: Хүн Хүртү, Khün Khürtü) is a music group from Tuva, a Russian Federation republic on the Mongolian border.  

Huun Huur Tu performs throat singing, in which the singers sing more than one note at a time. One of the notes sometimes sounds like a flute, whistle or bird, but is actually a person's voice.  

The group mostly uses native Tuvan instruments such as the igil, khomus (Tuvan jaw harp), doshpuluur, and dünggür (shaman drum).  However, in recent years, the group has started using western instruments, such as the guitar.  Huun Huur Tu's music is mostly Tuvan folk music, but they also experiment with Western instruments and electronic music.

1992 establishments in Asia
Russian musical groups
Guillermo Álvarez Guedes

Guillermo Álvarez Guedes (1928 – July 30, 2013) was a Cuban businessman, writer and comedian. 

Guedes was born in Unión de Reyes, Matanzas, Cuba in 1928. He was exiled to Miami, Florida. 

Guedes wrote over 20 books. He also had albums, television programs and stand-up comedy appearances. This made him one of the most well-liked entertainers, among both the Hispanic public and fellow entertainers.

On July 30, 2013, Guedes died at his home in the Kendall neighborhood of Miami from a stomach illness.

References

Other websites

1928 births
2013 deaths
Business people
Comedians from Miami, Florida
Cuban actors
Disease-related deaths in the United States
American movie actors
Actors from Miami, Florida
Writers from Miami, Florida
Kim Novak

Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933) is an American actress. She was known for her roles in Vertigo (1958), Middle of the Night (1959), The Notorious Landlady (1962), Of Human Bondage (1964), and in Liebestraum (1991).

Novak was born on February 13, 1933 in Chicago, Illinois to parents of Czech descent. She studied at David Glasgow Farragut High School and at School of the Art Institute of Chicago. 

Novak was married to Richard Johnson from 1965 until they divorced in 1966. Then she was married to Robert Malloy since 1976. They now live in Eagle Point, Oregon. Novak was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2010. She had treatment and has recovered.

References

Other websites

Photographs and literature

1933 births
Living people
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Breast cancer survivors
Jobs (movie)

Jobs is a 2013 American biographical drama movie. The movie was based on the life of Apple Inc. founder Steve Jobs. It stars Ashton Kutcher as Steve Jobs. J. K. Simmons, Matthew Modine, and James Woods also star in the movie. It was released on August 16, 2013.

2013 movies
Steve Jobs
American biographical movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
American independent movies
Central bank

A central bank (or reserve bank) manages a state's currency, money supply, and interest rates. 

Central banks usually oversee the commercial banks of their country. It issues the national currency, the nation's money. It controls the overall supply of money. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank can increase or decrease the amount of money in the nation.

The oldest central bank is the Bank of England. The largest banks are now the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Federal Reserve of the United States.

Central banks usually also have supervisory powers. These powers are meant to prevent bank runs, and to stop commercial banks and other financial institutions doing reckless or fraudulent things. The relation between central banks and governments varies from country to country.

The chief executive of a central bank is normally known as the Governor, President or Chairman.

References 

Government
Finance
Lateral line

The lateral line is a system of sense organs found in fish, and not in land vertebrates. It detects movement and vibration in the surrounding water. Modified epithelial cells, known as hair cells, respond to changes around the fish. These  turn the changes into electrical impulses which go to their central nervous system. 

Lateral lines are used in schooling, predation, and orientation. For example, fish use their lateral line system to follow the vortices produced by fleeing prey. They are faint lines running lengthwise down each side, from the gill covers to the base of the tail. 

In some species, the receptive organs of the lateral line have been modified to function as electroreceptors, which are organs used to detect electrical impulses. Most amphibian larvae and some fully aquatic adult amphibians have systems which work a bit like the lateral line.

References 

Fish
Sensory system
Spherical coordinate system

A spherical coordinate system uses three numbers to identify a point in space.: Usually, two angles, and a distance from the origin of the coordinate system. If the point lies on the sphere, only the two angles are needed, because the distance from the origin is known.

The two angular numbers are related to lines of longitude and latitude on Earth.  Earth's longitude is the same as the variable phi, which can be written as either  or   The latitude resembles the variable  (theta), except that some authors define  to be at the north pole instead of at the equator.

Coordinate systems
Dan Schneider

{{infobox person
| name               = Dan Schneider
| image              = Dan Schneider ex-nickelodeon (cropped).jpg
| imagesize          = 
| alt                = A 1988 photograph of Dan Schneider with Brian Robbins.
| caption            = Schneider in 1988
| birth_name         = Daniel James Schneider
| birth_date         = 
| birth_place        = Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
| nationality        = American
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = Harvard University
| occupation         = Television producer, screenwriter, musician, actor
| years_active       = 1984–present
| notable_works      = All That, Kenan & Kel, The Amanda Show, Zoey 101, Drake & Josh, iCarly, Victorious, Sam & Cat, Henry Danger| boards             = Schneider's Bakery
| spouse             = Lisa Lillien (m. 2002)
| website            = 
}}
Daniel James Schneider (born January 14, 1966 in Memphis, Tennessee) is an American screenwriter, movie producer and actor. On the Internet, he is best known under the name of DanWarp, because it is easier to remember.

Life and career
Schneider was born in Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. in January 14, 1965. He is the youngest of four brothers and sisters. He went to Harvard University after his high school education and then he took acting courses in the Memphis State University.

After his first movie role in 1983, he moved to Los Angeles. Since the '90s, he has been producer and author of successful comedy series like iCarly, Victorious and Sam & Cat. In 2003 he founded his manufacturing company called Schneider's Bakery''. The New York Times said that Scheidner is "the master of a television genre" in 2007.

Personal life
Schneider lives in Hollywood and since 2002, he has been married with Lisa Lillien, who had a cameo role on the Nickeloden Televison series Zoey 101 in 2005.

1966 births
Living people
Writers from Memphis, Tennessee
American screenwriters
American television producers
Safety boot

A safety boot is a boot that has steel to protect the person's toes.

Footwear
National anthem of South Africa

National anthem of South Africa is the official national anthem of South Africa. The lyrics include five out of 11 official languages of South Africa - Xhosa, Zulu, Sesotho, Afrikaans and English.

Lyrics

References

Other websites
The National Anthem 
National Anthem of South Africa - Streaming audio, lyrics and information
Audio recording of the National Anthem  (instrumental only, MP3 file)
Brief history of the anthem
Brief introduction to the anthem and notation
The South African national anthem in Midi format

South Africa
South Africa
Rainer Maria Rilke

Rainer Maria Rilke (4 December 1875 – 29 December 1926), was an Austrian poet and writer. His best-known works include the collection of poetry Duino Elegies, Sonnets to Orpheus, and the novel The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge.

Rilke was born in Prague, Austro-Hungarian Empire. Rilke studied literature, art history, and philosophy in Munich and Prague. He travelled widely throughout Europe and North Africa. He died of leukemia in Montreux, Switzerland.

Other websites 
 
 Works by or about Rainer Maria Rilke
 Rainer Maria Rilke, Profile

1875 births
1926 deaths
Austrian poets
Cancer deaths in Switzerland
Deaths from leukemia
Writers from Prague
Natsume Sōseki

, born , was a Japanese novelist. He is well known around the world for some of the novels he wrote, like Kokoro, Botchan and I Am a Cat. He was born in Tokyo, Japan. Natsume Soseki graduated from the University of Tokyo, and he was to become a school teacher. Also he was a master of Ryūnosuke Akutagawa.

In Japan, many people think he was the greatest writer in recent Japanese history.

References

Other websites 
 
 
 
 Works by Natsume Sōseki – Project Gutenberg

1867 births
1916 deaths
Japanese novelists
Writers from Tokyo
Cable tester

Cable tester is a device used used to test cables. It finds breaks, faults or cracks in cabling. Such devices may use electrical pulses or echoes for testing.

Measuring tools
Impedance matching

In electronics, impedance matching is about connecting two electrical systems of which the impedances differ. Some audio devices use transformers for impedance matching.

The concept of impedance matching is also used in optics.

Electronics
Asa Butterfield

Asa Bopp Farr Butterfield (born 1 April 1997) is an English actor. He starred in the movie The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas. He played young Mordred in the BBC TV series Merlin. He played Norman in the 2010 movie Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang. He played the title role in Martin Scorsese's 2011 movie Hugo. He played Ender Wiggin in the movie Ender's Game based on the science fiction novel of the same title by Orson Scott Card.

References

1997 births
Living people
Actors from London
English child actors
English movie actors
English television actors
People from Islington
Highway 4 (Israel)

Highway 4 (, Kvish 2), also called Geha Road, is a highway in Israel. It runs along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea from the northern border with Lebanon to the southern border with the Gaza Strip.

Other websites 

Roads in Israel
Trans-Samaria Highway

Highway 5 (, Kvish 5, or Trans-Samaria Highway , Kvish Hotze Shomron) is a highway between Israel and the West Bank. It runs east to west. The road starts in Glilot Ma'arav Interchange in Tel Aviv and ends in Ariel Junction near the settlement of Ariel.

Other websites 

Roads in Israel
West Bank
Trans-Israel Highway

Trans-Israel Highway (also called Road 6/The Israel Turnpike, , Kvish Shesh (, Kvish Chotzeh Yisra'el) is a main highway crossing Israel from north to south. A control center and the headquarters of the road authority is located at Kessem Interchange near Rosh HaAyin.

Other websites 

Official website of "Derech Eretz Highways Management Corporation Ltd" (road operator) 
Official website of "Trans-Israel Highway Corporation Ltd" (planning and construction)  
Driving on Highway 6 - Video journey on YouTube

Roads in Israel
List of French departments by population

This table lists the 101 departments of France in descending order of population, area and population density.

Evolution
Between 1999 and 2006 all French departments have grown in population with the exception of the following seven departments: Allier and Cantal in Auvergne, Creuse in Limousin, Ardennes and Haute-Marne in Champagne-Ardenne, Nièvre in Burgundy, and Vosges in Lorraine.

In contrast the seven departments that have gained the most population in absolute value are Haute-Garonne, Gironde, Bouches-du-Rhône, Seine-Saint-Denis, Loire-Atlantique, Hauts-de Seine, and Hérault.

Guadeloupe has seemingly lost population between 1999 and 2008. However, this diminution of the legal population is due to the creation of the overseas communities of Saint Barthélemy and Saint-Martin.

List of departments by population

References

France-related lists
Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters

Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters is a movie based on The Sea of Monsters, the second book in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series. It is a sequel to the 2010 movie Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief. It was released on 7 August 2013. It is also the final film in the Percy Jackson and the Olympians film series.

Plot
After Thaila's pine tree is poisoned Percy Jackson along with Annabeth Chase, Grover Underwood and his Cyclops half-brother Tyson go off to find the golden fleece to heal it. But Luke Castellan also wants the fleece to resurrect Kronos.

2013 movies
Movies based on books
Percy Jackson and the Olympians
English-language movies
Movies about giants
Avro Shackleton

The Avro Shackleton is a four-engine British military aircraft. Its first flight was in March 1949. The Royal Air Force started using it in 1951. It was out of service from 1991. It was also used by the South African Air Force. It was originally designed and built as an ocean and sea reconnaissance aircraft. It was also used as an electronic warfare plane. There were 185 of these built.

Royal Air Force aircraft
Ponthieu

Ponthieu is a former province in northern France. Its chief town is Abbeville. It lies centered on the mouth of the Somme River. It includes the townships of Crecy-en-Ponthieu, Nouvion-en-Ponthieu and Ailly-le-Haut-Bell.

History

Norman conquest of England 

Ponthieu played a small role in the events that led up to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Harold Godwinson of England was blown ashore at Ponthieu in 1064. He was taken captive by the men of Guy I and held for ransom at the castle of Beaurain. Thinking Harold might be useful to him William II, Duke of Normandy, secured his release. William escorted him to Rouen and gave him many gifts. 
william then had Harold take 'many oaths' to support his claim to the English throne and to become William's vassal. But a year after Harold's return to England when king Edward the Confessor died, Harold quickly forgot his oaths and took the crown for himself. That same year Harold was killed at Battle of Hastings and William became King of England.

In 1067 the chaplain of Matilda of Flanders, Guy, Bishop of Amiens, composed Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, a Latin poem on the battle of Hastings.

In 1150 the Count of Ponthieu built a fortress for himself at Crotoy, a strategic point on the mouth of the river Somme.

The Hundred Years' War 

During the Hundred Years' War, Ponthieu changed hands a number of times.  The English claimed control of it from 1279–1369 and again until 1435. During English control of Ponthieu, Abbeville was used as the capital.

In late August 1346 Edward III of England reached the region of Ponthieu.  While he was there rebuilt the fortress at Crotoy.  He forced a passage of the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.  The army led by Philip VI of France caught up with him at nearby Crécy-en-Ponthieu, leading to the famous Battle of Crécy.

In 1360, the Treaty of Bretigny between King John II of France and Edward III of England gave control of Ponthieu (along with Gascony and Calais) over to the English, in exchange for Edward relinquishing his claim to the French throne.  Edward took the land but still refused to surrender his claim.

In April, 1369 Charles V of France conquered Ponthieu. A month later he declared war on England.  As a result, Edward publicly reassumed the title 'King of France' in June.

In 1372 an English army under the leadership of Robert Knolles invaded Ponthieu. They burned the city of Le Crotoy before crossing the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.

In the Treaty of Arras (1435), Charles VII of France convinced Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to break his alliance with the English. In exchange he gave him Ponthieu. This marked a turning point that led to the end of England's part in the conflict 40 years later.  

In 1477 Ponthieu was reconquered by King Louis XI of France.

In World War I between 1 July and 18 November 1916 the Battle of the Somme was fought in Ponthieu. It was one of the most costly battles ever fought with over 1,000,000 men killed or wounded.

Notes

References

Subdivisions of France
History of France
Provinces
Antonov An-22

The Antonov An-22 (Russian: Антонов Ан-22; NATO reporting name: Cock) is a Soviet cargo aircraft. It was used both by civilian and military operators.  It's first flight was in 1965. The Soviet airline Aeroflot started using it in 1967. For military duties it was replaced by the An-124.

Soviet & Russian aircraft
Civil aircraft
Soviet military aircraft
Hawker Tempest

The Hawker Tempest is a British fighter aircraft of World War II. It was also used as an attack aircraft. The Royal Air Force used it for rockets and bomb attacks for D-Day.

Royal Air Force aircraft
World War II British aircraft
Tempest
Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat

Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat is a French 1896 short black & white movie directed by Auguste Lumière and Louis Lumière. It is thought to be one of the first movies ever made. The short movie is simply about a train arriving to a station. It is about a minute long.

Other websites
   

1896
Short movies
French movies
John Graves (author)

John Graves (August 6, 1920 – July 30, 2013) was an American writer. He was best known for his book Goodbye to a River.                      

Graves was born on August 6, 1920 in Fort Worth, Texas. He studied at Rice Institute and at Columbia University. Graves was divorced from an early marriage. His family moved to Glen Rose, Texas. Graves continued writing shortly before his death on July 30, 2013 in Glen Rose, Texas from natural causes, aged 92.

References

1920 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Writers from Fort Worth, Texas
Dassault Étendard IV

The Dassault Étendard IV is a French fighter jet. It is a single-turbojet aircraft. Its first flight was in 1958. It was first used by the French Navy's squadrons in 1962. It was used in the French aircraft carriers Clemenceau and Foch. The last one was retired in 2000. The Super-Étendard is a modernized variant.

French military aircraft
Etendard
Squadron

A squadron is a military unit on land, at sea and in the air.

Armies: 80 to 600 soldiers with tanks, motorcycles, horses or armoured cars.

Navies: A number of destroyers, submarines, minesweepers or other warships. 

Air forces. This usually includes several aircraft and pilots, crews and mechanics responsible for their action.

Military terminology
Military aviation
Army
Navy
Air force
McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle

The McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle is a modernized variant of the F-15 Eagle. It was optimized as an attack aircraft for the US Air Force with a stronger airframe than earlier versions. It has longer range, more powerful radar, and a second seat for the operator of the strike aircraft equipment. Foreign operators are Israel, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and South Korea.

Operators

Israeli Air Force - 25 F-15I "Ra'am" aircraft in use as of January 2014

 
Republic of Korea Air Force - 58 F-15Ks in service in January 2014.  It ordered a combined 61 F-15K "Slam Eagle" fighters including one lost in an accident.  

Royal Saudi Air Force - 70 F-15S Eagles in service as of January 2014

Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) - 24 F-15SGs in use as of January 2014.  It ordered 24 F-15SG fighters.  

United States Air Force - 213 F-15Es in operation as of January 2014

United States Air Force aircraft
Douglas A-4 Skyhawk

The Douglas A-4 Skyhawk is an American military jet aircraft. Its first flight was in 1954. It was first used by the US Navy in 1956. The Skyhawk was one of the main attack aircraft of the Vietnam War.

Many foreign countries used it, such as Argentina, Israel, Kuwait, and Singapore. The Argentina Air Force used theirs in the Falklands War for attacks against British forces.

United States Navy aircraft
United States Marine Corps aircraft
Vietnam War aircraft
Israel Defense Forces
A-4
Douglas A-3 Skywarrior

The Douglas A-3 Skywarrior is an American twin-turbojet military aircraft. Its first flight was in 1952. It was first used in 1956. It was originally designed and built as an attack aircraft. Later it was optimized for aerial refueling and electronic warfare as KA-3 and EA-3. The US Navy used it from aircraft carriers for the Vietnam War. The B-66 Destroyer is a variant built for the US Air Force. The Douglas A-3 Skywarrior has been out of service since 1991.

United States Navy aircraft
A-3
Vietnam War aircraft
Douglas B-66 Destroyer

The Douglas B-66 Destroyer is an American strategic bomber. It was used by the US Air Force during the Cold War and the Vietnam War. It could carry a nuclear weapon. It is a variant of the A-3 Skywarrior. It was used between 1956 and 1975. Some variants were built as reconnaissance aircraft or electronic warfare, as RB-66 and EB-66.

References

United States Air Force aircraft
B-66
Vietnam War aircraft