cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Kyle Broflovski

Kyle Broflovski (sometimes called Brovlofski or Broflofski) is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park. He is voiced by and influenced by Matt Stone, one of the people who made the show. Kyle is one of the four main characters.  The other three main characters are Stan Marsh, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman. He is friends with Stan and Kenny. They are all in fourth grade. They all hang out with Eric Cartman. They do not like him because he can be mean and offensive. Kyle usually acts as the protagonist to Cartman's antagonist. Because Kyle is one of the few Jewish children on the show, he sometimes feels like an outcast between the main group of characters.

Character
Kyle lives with his family in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. He has an adopted brother named Ike.  Ike is from Canada. Both Kyle and Ike are Jewish. Kyle is one of the smartest students in the fourth grade class at his elementary school. Cartman usually makes fun of Kyle because he is Jewish.

Appearance
Keeping with the animation style of South Park, Kyle is created from simple geometrical shapes. He is not given the same free range of motion like characters that are drawn by hand. In one of the earliest episodes, he was created out of construction paper cutouts and animated with the use of stop motion. Kyle is now animated with computer software. He is shown to give the sense that the show still uses the original animation technique.

Kyle wears a bright green cap with ear flaps (shapka or bomber-hat), a bright orange jacket, dark green pants, and lime-green mittens or gloves. When he is not seen wearing his cap (which does not happen very often), he is shown to have a bright red-to-auburn Jewfro. He does not like this hairstyle.

Family
Kyle's father, Gerald is a caring parent to Kyle who usually tries to teach him important morals and ethics. His mother, Sheila is a very overprotective and has a knack for fequently protesting in things that opposes or comes across her ideas or beliefs. Even though her personality sometimes bothers Kyle, he is known to have still loved her and would come to here defense when Cartman would make fun of Kyle's mom. Sheila is based on the stereotype about Jewish mothers. Kyle usually has a good relationship with his parents, although he sometimes would rebel against them.

Kyle also has one brother, Ike. Ike is his younger brother who was adopted from Canada. In the earlier episodes of the series, Kyle sometimes played a game he called "kick the baby", where he would punt Ike into the air. Kyle is shown to be caring for Ike and tries to protect him several times. In addition to his regular family, Kyle has a cousin who shares the same name with him. However, Kyle did not seem to like his cousin and tried to send him away several times.

References

Other websites
 Kyle Broflovski  at South Park Studios
 Kyle Broflovski at KyleFanClub
Kyle Broflovski at South Park archives, a South Park wiki

Comedy movie characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1992
South Park characters
Eric Cartman

Eric Theodore Cartman is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park. He is voiced by co-creator Trey Parker.

Cartman is one of four main characters in the series. He is often the main reason for their adventures because of his over-enthusiasm and selfishness. Cartman often reacts violently to things that he hates.  He hates any race or group of which he is not a member, particularly the Jews.  This comes from his rivalry with Kyle Broflovski.  Eric idolizes Adolf Hitler, Henry Ford, and Mel Gibson.  He is also a fan of T.S. Elliot. He often tricks others, at which he is good at, to meet his own ends, no matter the consequences to other people, even if it can result in deaths.

Comedy movie characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1997
South Park characters
...And Justice for All (album)

...And Justice For All is Metallica's fourth album and was released on August 25, 1988. It was Metallica's first album since the death of Cliff Burton, who was replaced by Jason Newsted as their bass player. It shall be said though, that they recorded and released The $5.98 E.P.: Garage Days Re-Revisited, which only include five songs covered by Metallica, but it is often not counted as a Metallica album, as it only contain five cover songs.

Track listing 
All songs written by James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, and Kirk Hammett except where noted.

 "Blackened" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Jason Newsted) – 6:41
 "...And Justice for All" – 9:47
 "Eye of the Beholder" – 6:30
 "One" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 7:26
 "The Shortest Straw" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 6:36
 "Harvester of Sorrow" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 5:46
 "The Frayed Ends of Sanity" – 7:44
 "To Live Is to Die" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Cliff Burton) – 9:49
 "Dyers Eve" – 5:13

References 

Metallica albums
Armenian Apostolic Church

The Armenian Apostolic Church (Armenian: Հայ Առաքելական Եկեղեցի), also called the Armenian Orthodox Church or the Gregorian Church, is the world's oldest national church and one of the most ancient Christian communities.

History 
The Kingdom of Armenia was the first state to adopt Christianity as its official religion under the rule of King Tiridates in the early 4th century. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century, by tradition. The Church teaches that it was first preached by two Apostles of Jesus, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew. The Armenian Apostolic Church claims to been in existence since the days of the apostles and therefore would be one of the oldest denominations of Christianity. Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion, when St. Gregory the Illuminator converted Tiridates III (the King of Armenia) and members of his court, traditionally dated to 301 (after Mikayel Chamchian 1784). The Church teaches that St. Gregory was imprisoned by Tiridates in an underground pit, called Khor Virab, for 13 years, after which he healed the King of an incurable disease, whereupon Tiridates accepted Christianity.

References

Related pages
 Hnevank

Other websites 
 The Armenian Church
 Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia
 Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
 Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople 
 Araratian Patriarchal Diocese
 Diocese of the Armenian Church of Canada
 Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Eastern) 
 The Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Western)
 New Armenian Apostolic Church Library of Books and Video
 Armenian Apostolic (Orthodox) Church Library Online: English | Armenian | Russian
 Prayer Book of the Armenian Church
 Armeniapedia - Armenian Apostolic Church
 Some information
 Basic info 
 Embassy of the Republic of Armenia to the US  General Information
 Directory of Armenian Churches Worldwide

Oriental Orthodoxy
3rd-century establishments
List of football clubs in Armenia

This is a list of Armenian football (soccer) clubs.

 Achin Nor-Achin
 Akhtamar Sevan
 Alashkert Martuni
 Almaz Yerevan
 Arabkir Yerevan
 Aragats Gyumri
 FC Araks Ararat
 Araks Armavir
 Araks Oktemberyan
 FC Ararat Yerevan
 Arpa Yeghegnadzor
 FC Artashat
 Aznavour Noyemberyan
 FC Banants
 FC Bentonit Idjevan
 BKMA Yerevan
 CSKA Yerevan
 Debed Alaverdi
 FC Dinamo Yerevan
 Dvin Artashat
 Erebuni Yerevan
 FC Gandzasar Kapan
 FK Gyumri
 Impuls Dilijan
 Kanaz Yerevan
 Karin Yerevan
 Kasakh Ashtarak
 FC Kilikia Yerevan
 FC Kotayk Abovyan
 Kumairi Gyumri
 Lernayin Artsakh
 Lori Vanadzor
 Luis Ararat
 FC Masis
 FC MIKA
 Malatia Yerevan
 Mush Charentsavan
 Nairit Yerevan
 FC Pyunik
 RUOR Yerevan
 SKA-Arai Echmiadzin
 SKA Injevan
 FC Shirak
 Sipan Vardenis
 SKIF Yerevan
 Syunik Kapan
 Tufagorts Artik
 FC Uliss Yerevan
 Van Yerevan
 FC Vanadzor
 FC Yeghvard
 Yerazank Yerevan
 FC Yerevan
 Yerevan United
 Zankezour Goris
 FC Zvartnots

Armenia
FC Zvartnots

FC Zvartnots is an Armenian football club from Yerevan. 

The club made their first notable result in the 1998 Armenian First League, where they became the league's champions and win promotion to the Armenian Premier League.

For a few years Zvartnots would become one of the main contenders in the Premier League. In their first Premier League season they reached the fourth spot, while in 2001 they became second after FC Pyunik. In the 2003 season they would still be among the Premier League clubs, however they withdrew before the season and did not return in professional football since.

References
RSSSF Armenia (and subpages per year)

Armenian football clubs
Armenian Premier League

The Armenian Premier League is the top football competition in Armenia.

History 
It was founded by the Football Federation of Armenia in 1992. From 1936 to 1991, the games were held as a regional tournament within the USSR. For the first three years the season ran from spring to fall, but since the 1995-1996 season has run from summer to spring. The league currently consists of six teams, and the worst teams relegates to the Armenian First League. Over the years, the league has shrunk from a league consisting of only eight teams to six teams. and

2015–16 teams

Winners

Related pages
 Armenian Cup
 Armenian Super Cup
 Armenian National Team
 Armenian U-21 National Team
 Sports in Armenia

Other websites 
 FIFA.com: Table

Armenian football clubs
Football Federation of Armenia

The Football Federation of Armenia (FFA) is the governing body of football in Armenia. It organizes the football league, Armenian Premier League, and the Armenian national football team. It is based in Yerevan.

Other websites 
 Football Federation of Armenia

UEFA
1992 establishments
20th-century establishments in Armenia
Sport in Armenia
Urartu

Urartu (Assyrian Urarṭu, Urartian Biainili) was an ancient Armenian kingdom. It was in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). The kingdom existed from ca. 860 BC, emerging from Late Bronze Age Nairi polities, until 585 BC. The name corresponds to the Biblical Ararat. Urartians are the earliest ancestors of the Armenians.

Urartu extended from Lake Van southeastward to Mannai, and sometimes even included that land as one of its provinces.

Related pages
Arzashkun
Kingdom of Armenia (Antiquity)

References
Lake Van

Lake Van (, ) is the largest lake in Turkey, in the far east of the country.

Akdamar Island is in this lake. Although Lake Van is situated at an altitude of  with harsh winters, it does not freeze due to its high salinity except occasionally the shallow northern section.

History 
The lake was the centre of the Urartian kingdom from about 1000 BC, and the capital of Urartu, Tushpa, was on the shore of Lake Van (on the site of the medieval castle of Van, west of Van city).

Later the land around the lake was ruled by Armenians. Along with Lake Sevan in today's Armenia and Lake Urmia in today's Iran, Van was one of the three great lakes of the Armenian Kingdom, referred to as the seas of Armenia.

Related pages
Arzashkun

References 

Van
Geography of Turkey
Kurdish language

The Kurdish language  (Kurdish: kurdî) is a language spoken by the Kurdish people in an area called Kurdistan, including by Kurdish people in parts of the countries Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. Kurdish has two main dialects: Kurmanji and Sorani. It belongs to the same language group as the Iranian languages. Another well-known Iranian language is Persian. It is considered an Indo-European language.

References 

Iranian languages
Annual plant

In Botany, an annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers and dies in one year. True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed. Some seedless plants can also be considered annuals even though they do not flower.

In gardening, annual often refers to a plant grown outdoors in the spring and summer and surviving just for one growing season. 
Many food plants are, or are grown as, annuals, including most domesticated grains. Some perennials and biennials are grown in gardens as annuals for convenience, particularly if they are not considered cold hardy for the local climate. Carrot, celery and parsley are true biennials that are usually grown as annual crops for their edible roots, petioles and leaves, respectively. Tomato, sweet potato and bell pepper are tender perennials usually grown as annuals.

Ornamental annuals are often called bedding plants. Annuals are often used in gardens to provide splashes of color, as they tend to have a longer season of bloom than hardy herbaceous perennials.

Examples of true annuals include corn, lettuce, pea, cauliflower, watermelon, bean, zinnia and marigold.

Summer annuals 
Summer annuals sprout, flower and die within the same spring/summer/fall. The lawn weed, crabgrass, is a summer annual.

Related pages
Biennial plant
Perennial plant

References 

 Eduard Strasburger, Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner: Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen. Heidelberg 2002 (35.). 

Botany
Biennial

A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its lifecycle. In the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative structures); then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months. Usually, the stem remains very short and the leaves are low to the ground, forming a rosette. Many biennials require a cold treatment, before they will flower. The next spring/summer the stem of the biennial plant becomes much longer. The plant then flowers, produces fruits and seeds before it finally dies. There are far fewer biennials than either perennials or annuals.

Under extreme climatic conditions, a biennial plant may complete its lifecycle in a very short period of time (e.g. 3 or 4 months instead of 2 years). This is quite common in vegetable or flower seedlings that were exposed to cold conditions, before they were planted in the ground. This behaviour leads to many normally biennial plants being treated as annuals in some areas.
Flowering can be induced in some biennials by application of the plant hormone gibberellin, but this is rarely done commercially.

From a gardener's perspective, a plant's status as annual, biennial, or perennial often varies based on location or purpose. Biennials grown for flowers, fruits, or seeds need to be grown for two years. Biennials that are grown for edible leaves or roots are grown as annuals, e.g. beets, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, celery, parsley, and Swiss chard. If a normally biennial plant is grown in extremely harsh conditions, it is likely to be treated as an annual because it will not survive the winter cold. Conversely, an annual grown under extremely favourable conditions may have highly successful seed propagation, giving it the appearance of being biennial or perennial. Some short-lived perennials may appear to be biennial rather than perennial. True biennials flower only once, while many perennials will flower every year once mature.

Examples of biennial plants are parsley, Lunaria, silverbeet, sweet William, colic weed, and carrot. The pansy is a biennial often grown as an annual. Plant breeders have produced annual cultivars of several biennials that will flower the first year from seed, e.g. foxglove, stock, and hollyhock.

Biennials may be kept alive longer than two years under environmental conditions that prevent them from flowering. Biennial sugar beet was prevented from flowering by not giving it the cold treatment required for flowering. It was kept alive in a greenhouse for 41 months.

References

Otner websites 
 Plant life cycles 

Types of plants

he:בוטניקה - מונחים#צורות חיים של צמחים
The WB

The Warner Bros. Television Network, commonly called The WB, was a television network in the United States. It was founded by the Warner Bros. film studio and Tribune Company on January 11, 1995. The network was sometimes called "The Frog" because the network's mascot was an animated frog named Michigan J. Frog.

WB series
The WB created many well-known television series. Several of these series are Dawson's Creek, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Charmed, Gilmore Girls, Angel, Smallville, 7th Heaven, and Supernatural.

The WB also had a group of programs aimed at children under the name Kids WB. Kids WB showed mainly animated series, for example, Jackie Chan Adventures, Taz-Mania, Tiny Toon Adventures, Animaniacs, Pinky and the Brain and Batman: The Animated Series.

References

American television networks
1995 establishments in the United States
2006 disestablishments in the United States
The WB
Port Louis

Port Louis is the capital city of the African country of Mauritius. The city is a port on the Indian Ocean. It is the largest city and main port of the country. Port Louis is located in the Port Louis District. The  city has a population of 147,688 people.

History 
Port Louis was founded by the French around 1735. It was used as a place to supply food for their ships travelling around the Cape of Good Hope. The city was named in honour of King Louis XV. The first Governor was Count Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais.

Monuments 

Port Louis has many historic and colonial buildings. One of them is a fortification named Fort Adelaide or La Citadelle. It was built by the British in 1835. Most of the city's architecture can be seen from La Citadelle. Port Louis is surrounded by a mountain range, called the Port Louis Moka Range.  Other famous spots are the Police Barracks known as Les Casernes and the Port Louis Waterfront.

Other things to see in the city include the Caudan Waterfront, Port Louis Bazaar, the Mauritian Chinatown and the old Port Louis theatre. The capital has also three museums which are: the Mauritius Natural History Museum, the Blue Penny Museum and the Mauritius Stamp Museum.

Economy 
The main part of the economy of Port Louis is its port. The port handles all of the international trade for the country.  Clothing and textiles are the major things manufactured in the city. Chemicals, plastics, and pharmaceuticals are made there, and tourism is also important. 

Port Louis is the second most important financial center in Africa after Johannesburg. It is the city with the highest per capita income in Africa.

Demographics 

The population of the city is now largely made up of the descendants of people who were hired for labor from India in the 19th century. Slaves were brought to the country by the British and French who colonized the island in the 18th century.  After the end of slavery in 1835, many Indian and Chinese workers were brought to work the land, and take care of sugar cane, at that time used to make rum. 

More than 75 percent of the population are Indians. The rest come from Africa, while a small number have Chinese and Eurasian ancestry.

References 
 Malcolm de Chazal, Petrusmok, The Standard Printing Est., 1951, La Table Ovale, 1979.
 Marie-Thérèse Humbert, La montagne des signaux, Paris : Stock, 1994
 Khal Torabully, Kot sa parol la - Rôde parole, poésie en créole et français, éditions Le Printemps, 1996, Maurice.

Other websites 

 Municipal website 
 Uneso, Ghat and Morne,  

Settlements in Mauritius
Capital cities in Africa
Freetown

Freetown is the capital city of the African country of Sierra Leone. With a population of  951,000 people, it is the largest city in that country. The city is a port on the Freetown Peninsula on the Atlantic coast. The port is a very important part of the economy of Freetown. It handles the main exports of the country. Industries include fish, rice, petroleum, and making cigarettes.

History 
The area was first settled in 1787 by 400 freed former slaves and Black American Loyalists sent from London. Many of these men had joined the British Army because the British promised to free them if they fought the American colonists. Before that time it was said to be a slave market. These people created the 'Province of Freetown' on land bought from local Temne leaders. After many of these original settlers died from disease, it was burnt by the local people in 1790.

The Sierra Leone Company tried to settle the area again in 1792. They resettled Freetown with 1,100 former slaves and Loyalists from Nova Scotia. Many of these people were born in the colonial United States. They were led by former slave Thomas Peters. Around 500 free Jamaican Maroons joined them in 1800.

The city survived being attacked by the French in 1794. In 1800 the people revolted but the British retook control.  From 1808 to 1874, the city was the capital of British West Africa.  The city grew quickly as many freed slaves came to live there. African soldiers who had fought for Britain in the Napoleonic Wars also came to live in Freetown.  During World War II, Britain had a naval base at Freetown.  Descendants of the freed slaves, called Creoles, have a large role in the city, even though they are only a small amount of the population.

The city had much fighting in the late 1990s. In 1998, it was captured by ECOWAS soldiers who were trying to make Ahmad Tejan Kabbah the President again.

Features 
One of Freetown’s most most known features is its famous cotton tree. The cotton tree is said to have been in the same position since colonists came to the area in 1787. At that time, the tree was still a young sapling. It now stands outside the Freetown Museum.

Notable buildings in the city include Freetown Law Courts, the Slave Gate and Portuguese Steps, St John's Maroon Church (built around 1820), St George's Cathedral (completed in 1828), Foulah Town Mosque (built in the 1830s) and the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Cathedral.  Also in Freetown are many beaches and markets, and the Sierra Leone Museum.

The city is the home of Fourah Bay College and the Njala University college.

Lungi International Airport  is the international airport of Sierra Leone. Freetown also has a heliport on Aberdeen Island. It connects the city with the airport.  There is a helicopter, hovercraft and ferry-service from the city to the airport.

References

Other websites 

 Sierra Leone National Tourist Board
 LiveFromFreetown 
 Cry Freetown 
 FreeTown photos 
 Lungi International Airport

Sierra Leone
Capital cities in Africa
1792 establishments
Establishments in Africa
Fame (musical)

Fame – The Musical is a musical. Jose Fernandez wrote the book. Jacques Levy wrote the lyrics. Steve Margoshes wrote the music. The musical is based on Fame, a 1980 movie.

The musical premiered in 1980 in Miami, Florida. It opened on the West End in 1995. It played Off-Broadway between 2003 and 2004. The story tells of students in a high school for the performing arts.

Other websites 
 Extensive information from the MTI website 
 Information from StageAgent.com
 Historical production information
 Information on UK productions 
 Information on NL productions 
 Information on NL (language) productions 
 'I'm Gonna Live Forever' - a new version from Fame Forever

Musicals based on movies
West End musicals
1980s musicals
Prime Minister of Japan

The  is the head of the government of Japan as well as the director and chief of the executive branch of the central government. The prime minister appoints the cabinet and wields the power to dismiss any cabinet minister.

The current prime minister is Fumio Kishida since 4 October 2021.

List of prime ministers

Living former prime ministers

References

Notes

Other websites
Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet Official website

 

bg:Министър-председател на Япония
Emperor Suizei

was the 2nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.    Historians consider Emperor Suizei to be a legendary person,  and the name Suizei-tennō was created for him after his death by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that Suizei ruled from the palace of Takaoka-no-miya at Katsuragi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history 
Suizei is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Suizei as the earliest or first of .

The Gukanshō records that Suizei was one of the sons of Emperor Jimmu.

During reign of Emperor Suizei, the capital of Japan was at Kazuraki, Yamato.

Events of Suizei's life 
The Kojiki includes a story about how Suizei attained the throne. His older brother supported Suizei because of his courage.

The absence of information about Suizei does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Suizei.

The actual site of his grave is not known.   According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages 
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
Emperor Annei

À

 was the 3rd emperor of Japan,  according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider Emperor Annei to be a legendary person,  and the name Annei-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Ukena-no-miya at Katashiro in Kawachi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history
Annei is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Annei as the second of .

The Gukanshō records that Annei was either the eldest son or the only son of Emperor Suizei.

During reign of Emperor Annei, the capital of Japan was at Katashiha, Kawachi.

Events of Annei's life

The absence of information about Annei does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

The spirit (kami) of Emperor Annei and the events of his life are enshrined at Annei-tennō-sha at Shirakashi in Yamato province.

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Annei.

The actual site of his grave is not known.  According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
Emperor Itoku

was the 4th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider Emperor Itoku to be a legendary person, and the name Itoku-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Migario-no-miya at Karu in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history
Itoku is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Itoku as the third of .

The Gukanshō records that Itoku was the second or third son of Emperor Annei, but the surviving documents provide no basis for making guesses about why the elder brother or brothers were passed over.

During reign of Emperor Itoku, the capital of Japan was at Karu, Yamato.

Events of Itoku's life

The absence of information about Itoku does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Itoku.

The actual site of his grave is not known.  According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

The Coptic Orthodox Church (; ) or Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria is the name for the largest Christian church in Egypt. The Coptic Orthodox Church is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church. Its churches can be found worldwide, where it serves Coptic believers who have emigrated to other countries.

On the 18th November 2012, the Coptic Orthodox Church enthroned His Holiness Pope Tawadros II as the 118th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His Holiness is the successor to H.H. Pope Shenouda III who died in March 2012 after over forty years as the shepherd of all Copts. 

The Church belongs to the Oriental Orthodox family of churches. It has been a separate church body since the disagreement at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD. The Church rejected the new definitions about what Christ is like, introduced at the Council. 

The Church has daughter churches in Ethiopia and Eritrea, which now elect their own Popes.

The Copts believe that their church was founded in Egypt by Saint Mark the Evangelist. According to official Egyptian sources, and the CIA World factbook, between five an ten percent of Egyptians are Christians. Over 90% of these are Copts. According to Coptic sources, 12 to 15% of Egyptians are Copts.

References 

Oriental Orthodoxy
Religion in Egypt
Reza Alinejad

Reza Alinejad (رضا علی نژاد, born September 21, 1985) is an Iranian at risk of execution for accidentally killing a man in self-defense when he was 17 years old.

He is subject of several human rights campaigns, who protesting against his sentence, because of evidence that his act was a self-defense and he was under age if 18 - his death sentence is a violation of international law, Tehran had signed.

Recently, his case was transferred to Tehran for Head of Judiciary Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi review.

Related pages 
 Delara Darabi

Other websites 
 Stop Child Executions
 Help Reza 
 Save Delara campaing on Reza 

1985 births
Living people
Human rights
Iranian people
Bigotry

A bigot is a person who is intolerant of opinions, lifestyles, or identities that are different from their own. Mostly, the person's opinions are based on prejudice. For example, an outspoken member of a political party who blocks those with opposing views, would be a prime example of a ‘’bigot’’.

The origin of the word bigot in English dates back to at least 1598, via French. It started with the sense of "religious hypocrite", especially a woman.

The word bigot is often used as a pejorative term against a person who is obstinately devoted to negative prejudices, even when those prejudices are proven to be false.

Forms of bigotry may have a related ideology.

Etymology 
The exact origin of the word is unknown, but may have come from the German bei and gott, or the English by God. William Camden wrote that the Normans were first called bigots, when their Duke Rollo, who receiving Gisla, daughter of King Charles, in marriage, and with her the investiture of the dukedom, refused to kiss the king's foot in token of subjection, unless the king would hold it out for that purpose. And being urged to it by those present, Rollo answered hastily, "No by God", whereupon the king turning about, called him bigot; which name passed from him to his people. This is likely fictional, however, as Gisla is unknown in Frankish sources.

Related pages 

 Anti-Semitism
 Discrimination
 Fascism
 Homophobia
 Misogyny
Misandry
 Nazism  
 Racism
 Religious persecution
 Sexism
 Xenophobia

References
Word Histories And Mysteries: From Abracadabra to Zeus. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2004. . p 24.
Ayto, John.  Dictionary of Word Origins: The Histories of More Than 8,000 English-Language Words. New York: Arcade Publishing. 1990.

Other websites
 Etymology of the word bigot

Sociology
Bukkake

Bukkake is when multiple people ejaculate with their penises on a person's face or body at the same time. It comes from the Japanese verb bukkakeru which means "to flood".

Human sexuality
Melleruds IF

Melleruds IF is an association football club in Mellerud in Sweden, established on 29 July 1908. They are in the Swedish 2nd Division: Västra Götaland. They have had some players who have moved into England, most notably Wigan Athletic F.C. player Andreas Johansson. Johansson played for Melleruds between 1993 and 1995.

Other websites
Official website

Swedish football clubs
1908 establishments in Sweden
Lisa Lampanelli

Lisa Lampanelli (born Lisa Lampugnale, July 19, 1961) is an American comedian.

1961 births
Living people
Comedians from Connecticut
Detroit Tigers

The Detroit Tigers are a Major League Baseball team in Detroit, Michigan. The team plays at Comerica Park. Their manager is Ron Gardenhire, and they are owned by Christopher Ilitch.

The Tigers began as a minor league baseball team in the 1890s. The league was reorganized as the American League, and became a major league in 1901. The Tigers were one of the first teams to have an "official" nickname. They obtained permission from a military group called the Detroit Light Guard, which was known as the "Tigers". That group had fought in the Civil War and the Spanish-American War.

The Tigers have often lived up to their nickname, having great success from time to time. Their most famous player was Ty Cobb, usually regarded as among the very greatest players of all time. The Tigers have frequently played in baseball's post-season games. They have won several World Series, in 1935, 1945, 1968 and 1984. They also played in the World Series in 2006 and 2012, where the lost to the St. Louis Cardinals and the San Francisco Giants, respectively.
Oscilloscope

An oscilloscope (sometimes abbreviated CRO, for cathode ray oscilloscope, or commonly just scope or O-scope) is a piece of electronic equipment that lets you see changes in signal voltage. For example, if you want to see the signal a small electronic timer was producing, you could connect it to an oscilloscope and see.  

Usually, it shows a two-dimensional graph of one or more electrical potential differences (vertical axis). These graphs are plotted with time or of some other voltage along horizontal axis.

Description 

A typical oscilloscope is usually box shaped with a display screen, numerous input connectors, control knobs and buttons on the front panel.  
To aid measurement, a grid called the graticule is drawn on the face of the screen.  Each square in the graticule is known as a division.

Other websites 

 Oscillograph 1911 Encyclopædia.
 Online oscilloscope simulation
 Oscilloscope Tutorial 
 The Cathode Ray Tube site
 Digital Storage Oscilloscope measurement basics
 Oscilloscope FAQ
 Oscilloscope Articles & Resources
 Using a Common Oscilloscope 
 Features of handheld Oscilloscope
 Quick and easy tutorial to learn concepts and use. Technical terms explained in clear and simple way.

Laboratory equipment
Electronics
Measuring tools
Machines
Girl Scout cookie

Girl Scout cookies are cookies that the Girl Scouts of the USA sell. They come in many different flavors. Buying Girl Scout Cookies helps the Girl Scouts out because it gives them money as well as helps teach them important lessons in life.

Cookies
Arthur Abraham

Arthur Abraham (born Avetik Abrahamyan on 20 February 1980 in Yerevan, Armenia) is a professional boxer.  He was the IBF middleweight champion from 2005 to 2009.  He won the vacant title on December 10, 2005, in Leipzig, Germany, beating Kingsley Ikeke, by a fifth-round knockout.

Arthur changed his weight class to compete at super middleweight.

Abraham trains under Ulli Wegner in Berlin, Germany and is managed by Wilfried Sauerland.

Titles in boxing

Amateur career 
International:
1997 International Light Welterweight German Champion
2000, 2001 and 2002 Senior Light Middleweight Armenian Champion

Professional career 
Major World Titles:
IBF Middleweight Champion (160 lbs)

Regional/International Titles:
WBA Inter-Continental Middleweight Champion (160 lbs)
WBF Intercontinental Middleweight Champion (160 lbs)
WBO European Super Middleweight Champion (168 lbs)

References

Other websites 
Official Website 
Boxing record
Arthur Abraham's Myspace Page
Arthur Abraham's career record 

Armenian boxers
People from Yerevan
Living people
1980 births
International Boxing Federation

The International Boxing Federation, or IBF, is one of many organizations which sanction world championship boxing bouts, alongside the WBA, WBC, WBO, and a dozen or so others.

Other websites 
 Official Site

Sports organizations
organizations
Vic Darchinyan

Vic Darchinyan (, born January 7, 1976, in Vanadzor, Armenia) is the former IBF flyweight champion. He is a left-handed boxer who currently trains under Billy Hussein, brother of boxers Nedal and Hussein Hussein. He was previously trained by former three-division world champion Jeff Fenech in Sydney, Australia.

Other websites 
Official website 
Vic Darchinyan's career record 

Armenian boxers
Living people
1976 births
Australian boxers
Atenism

Atenism was one of the earliest monotheistic religions. It was the worship of the light emanating from the sun god (or rather sun disk), Aten. It was started by the 18 dynasty pharaoh Amenhotep IV, better known as Akhenaten. It lasted 20 years, until Akhenaten's death. Tutankhamun, Akhenaten's son, restored the traditional Egyptian religion. Today modern day groups have attempted to revive Atenism as a worldwide religion, most notably Akhetaten Fellowship.

Other websites

Akhetaten Fellowship Homepage @ www.atenism.org 
Akhetaten Fellowship Forums @ www.atenism.net 

Egyptian mythology
Religion in ancient Armenia

The early religions in Armenia are not that well known. According to De Morgan there are signs which indicate that the Armenians, as their other Aryan relatives, were initially nature worshipers and that this faith in time was transformed to the worship of national gods, of which many were the equivalents of the gods in the Roman, Greek and Persian cultures.

Georg Brandes described the Armenian gods in his book: “When Armenia accepted Christianity, it was not only the temples which were destroyed, but also the songs and poems about the old gods and heroes that the people sang. We have only rare segments of these songs and poems, segments which bear witness of a great spiritual wealth and the power of creation of this people and these alone are sufficient reason enough for recreating the temples of the old Armenian gods. These gods were neither the Asian heavenly demons nor the precious and the delicate Greek gods, but something that reflected the characteristics of the Armenian people which they have been polishing through the ages, namely ambitious, wise and good-hearted.”

Related pages
Ancient Armenia

References 

Paganism
Armenian culture
Ancient Armenia
Steak

Steak is a slice off a larger piece of meat, usually beef. In North America, steaks are usually grilled. They are also often pan fried or baked. The most tender (softest) cuts of the animal are usually used for steak. This also means that steaks have a high price. The pieces of meat used for steaks are usually cut across the muscle fiber, not along it. This makes them look more tender.

A restaurant that mainly makes steaks is known as a steakhouse. A well-known side dish to steak is prawns or a cooked lobster tail. This combination is often called surf and turf or reef and beef (the words "surf" and "reef" refer to the seafood and "turf" and "beef" refer to the steak). Special steak knives are used to cut steak. A steak knife is sharper than most table knives and is usually serrated.

Fish is not the only side dish for steak. Other common side dishes are baked potatoes, dinner rolls, salad, and corn on the cob. In France, steaks are often served with french fries. This combination is known as steak fries or steak-frites. They do not come with vegetables, but sometimes a salad is served with them.

Seasoning 
Steaks are seasoned with salt and black pepper. Some additional seasonings are garlic, rosemary, and other herbs and spices. Marinades are also an option depending on the cut. Butter can also be used for basting steaks for a milky flavor. Often, steaks are served with a special sauce called "steak sauce", but sometimes steaks are served with a spicy sauce called horseradish.

Cuts of steak 
Steak comes in a wide variety of cuts, which come from different parts of the cow.
Some different cuts are:
 Filet Mignon
 Strip steak
 Rib eye
 Flank steak
 Sirloin
 Chuck
 Skirt steak
 Flap steak

Degrees of cooking 
Meat that is cooked less will appear to be more tender and soft. The usual degrees of cooking for steaks (and some other meats) are:
 Raw/Uncooked - for example in tartare.
 Rare - cooked very quickly, mostly red inside.
 Medium Rare - cooked quickly, mostly pink inside with some red. 
 Medium - moderately cooked, mostly pink inside, but no red.
 Medium-Well - Mostly cooked, with some pink remaining inside.
 Well-done- thoroughly cooked. No pink remains inside, may be blackened on the outside.

References

Meat dishes
Jet engine

A jet engine is any engine that creates force by releasing a high speed jet of a liquid or a gas.

An example of a jet engine is a full balloon that is not held closed. It will release the air and push the balloon forward.

Turbojet engines are used on airplanes. Turbojet engines have a gas compressor, a kind of fan, at the front that takes in air. The engine burns fuel to make the air expand, and it blows a big wind out the back. On the way out, the hot air turns another fan (a gas turbine) which turns the rod that turns the fan at the front to make it go.

Another kind of a jet engine is a rocket engine. Ramjet and pulse jet engines are rarer kinds of jet engine.

Other websites 
 Jet Engine at Citizendium

Motors
Dawn Fraser

Dawn Fraser  (born 4 September 1937) is an Australian champion swimmer. She is one of only two swimmers to win the same Olympic event three different times. She was born in Balmain, New South Wales.

Politics 
In 1988, Fraser was elected to the parliament of New South Wales. She served until 1991.

References

Other websites 

 Australian Olympic Committee Profile
 Dawn Fraser's world records
 

1937 births
Living people
Australian of the Year Award winners
Australian Olympic gold medalists
Australian Olympic silver medalists
Australian swimmers
Commonwealth Games medallists
Independent politicians in Australia
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Order of Australia
Politicians from Sydney
Sportspeople from Sydney
NBC News

NBC News is the news division of American television network NBC. NBC News makes MSNBC channel, Today Show and news programmes.

Current shows 
Today
Weekend Today
Meet the Press with Chuck Todd 
NBC Nightly News with Lester Holt
Dateline NBC

Programming

 Meet the Press (1947–present)
 Today (1952–present)
 Today 3rd Hour (2018–present)
 NBC Nightly News (1970–present)
 Weekend Today (1987–present)
 Dateline NBC (1992–present)
 Early Today (1999–present)
 Today with Hoda & Jenna (2019–present)
 Sunday Today with Willie Geist (2016–present)

Former programming
 Weekend (1974–79)
 Ask NBC News (197?-1983)
 NBC News Overnight (1982–83)
 NBC News at Sunrise (1983–99)
 Real Life with Jane Pauley (1990–91)
 Expose with Tom Brokaw (1991)
 NBC Nightside (1991–98)
 Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric (1993–94)
NBC News At This Hour (1975–1990s; previously branded as NBC News Update, NBC News Capsule and NBC News Digest)
 Later Today (1999–2000)
 Today with Kathie Lee and Hoda (2008–2019)
 Rock Center with Brian Williams (2011–13)
 Today's Take (2012–2017)

References

Other websites 
 NBC News website

NBC
NBC network shows
CBS News

CBS News is the news division of American television network CBS.

Current television shows
CBS Morning News
CBS News Sunday Morning
Face the Nation with Margaret Breenan
CBS Evening News with Katie Couric
CBS Evening News with Norah O’ Donnell
CBS Evening News with Russ Mitchell
60 Minutes
48 Hours Mystery
Up to the Minute

Anchors

Other websites 
 CBS News website

Columbia Broadcasting System
Masters Tournament

The Masters Tournament is one of four major championships in men's professional golf and the first of the four to be played each year. The final round of the Masters is always scheduled for the second Sunday in April. Unlike the other major championships, the Masters is held every year at the same location, Augusta National Golf Club, a private golf club in the city of Augusta, Georgia, USA.

Winners

Other websites 
 Official website

Golf tournaments
Sports in the United States
Augusta, Georgia
NFL Europa

The NFL Europa was a European American football league that ran from 1991 to 2007 under the control of the National Football League. It started off as the World League of American Football and had 3 teams in Europe, 6 in the USA and one in Canada. After 2 years the league was put on hold, so there were no 1993 or 1994 seasons. The league came back in 1995 with the 3 original European teams plus 3 new ones. In 1998 the name of the league was changed to NFL Europe and then in 2007 it became NFL Europa. After the 2007 season it was decided to stop the league. This was a developmental league of the NFL.  The |Berlin Thunder were the leagues best team, winning 42 games and 3 World Bowls

Past World Bowl Games 

Note: Roman Numerals were not officially used by NFL Europa until World Bowl IX. Prior to 2001, the games were billed as World Bowl 2000, World Bowl '99 etc.

National Football League
Ennead

The Ennead was the grouping of nine deities, most often appearing in Egyptian mythology. As a three of threes, the number nine became associated with great power. The ancient peoples thought that groupings of nine gods were very important.

Egyptian mythology

ca:Llista de personatges de la mitologia egípcia#E
Heliopolis (ancient)

Heliopolis was one of the oldest cities of Egypt. Its name also refers (in European languages) to a modern suburb of Cairo. The ancient city stood five miles east of the Nile north of the apex of the river delta. The modern city of Heliopolis is in a different place. In ancient times it was the main city of sun-worship.

This was also where the Heliopolitan version of Egyptian mythology was created. 

Ancient Egypt
Akhenaten

Akhenaten (first known as Amenhotep IV) was a pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. His reign is dated as 1353–1336 BC or 1351–1334 BC.

Akhenaten is one of Egypt's most well-known pharaohs.
In the fifth year of his reign, he changed his name from Amenhotep IV, meaning "Amun is satisfied". He did this because he left Egypt's traditional polytheism. He founded a monotheistic worship of the Egyptian sun god, Aten. He destroyed the temples of Amun. His new religion was called Atenism. It was the first known attempt at monotheism in the world. Naturally, this made enemies of the many priests of the old religion. 

This culture shift away from traditional religion was not widely accepted. This helps to explain why after his death, his monuments were dismantled, his statues were destroyed, and his name excluded from lists of rulers compiled by later pharaohs. Traditional religious practice was gradually restored, notably under his close successor Tutankhamun, who changed his name from Tutankhaten early in his reign. However, it was Horemheb who destroyed all the works of Akhenaten.

Akhenaten was all but lost to history until the late 19th century discovery of Amarna, the new capital city he built for the worship of Aten. 
Its rediscovery and Flinders Petrie's early excavations sparked great public interest in the pharaoh and his queen Nefertiti. The interest comes from his connection with Tutankhamun, the unique style and high quality of the pictorial arts he patronized, and interest in the religion he attempted to establish.

References 

Pharaohs
Religious leaders