cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Old Norse language

Old Norse is a Germanic language that was spoken in Scandinavia, during the Viking Age, until about 1300. It was also spoken in Iceland, the Faeroe Islands, Orkney Islands and other places that Scandinavians started settlements (similar to colonies).

Modern Icelandic is the modern language that is the closest to Old Norse when written. Another language that is close to Old Norse, is Elfdalian. Other languages that come from Old Norse are Swedish, Danish, Faroese, and Norwegian.

References

Germanic languages
13th-century disestablishments
Because We Want To

"Because We Want To" is a pop song performed by British singer Billie. The song was written by Wendy Page, Jim Marr, D. Rambo and J. Richmond, and produced by Page and Marr for Billie's first album Honey to the B (1998). It was Billie's first single on 29 June 1998 and reached the top ten in Ireland and Sweden. In the UK, the song reached number one and Billie became the youngest artist to release a number one single in the country in over forty years. It was the official song of the 1999 Women's World Cup.

References 

1998 songs
Billie Piper songs
Pop songs
Honey to the B

Honey to the B is the first album by pop singer Billie Piper, released in 1998 (see 1998 in music). Billie (she was known at the time only by her first name) was the first British female singer to have a first single start at #1 on the UK pop charts.

UK track listing 

 "Because We Want To" (Marr/Page/Rambo/Richmond) - 3:48
 "Girlfriend" (Rambo/Richmond) - 3:50
 "Officially Yours" (Mitra) - 3:26
 "She Wants You" (Laws/Sheyne) - 3:38
 "Love Groove" (Marr/Page/Piper) - 4:29
 "Party on the Phone" (Marr/Page) - 4:14
 "Saying I'm Sorry Now" (Rambo/Richmond) - 4:00
 "You've Got It" (Green/McLaughlin) - 3:43
 "I Dream" (Marr/Page) - 5:33
 "Honey to the Bee" (Marr/Page) - 5:03
 "Whatcha Gonna Do" (Rambo/Richmond) - 4:33
 "Don't Forget to Remember" (Marr/Page) - 4:47

1998 albums
Billie Piper albums
Debut albums
Pop albums
Scratchy and Co

Scratchy and Co was a CITV television series. It was shown over the different times in the mid to late 1990s:
 May - December 1995
 May - August 1996
 January - April 1997
 January - April 1998

It replaced What's Up Doc? as the Saturday morning ITV show.

It starred Mark Speight as "Scratchy" and Elliot Henderson-Boyle as "Reg". The main gimmick of the series was Speight and Henderson-Boyle wearing "solid rubber wigs" and very unusual jackets. A stylistic of this was similar to Max Headroom.

1995 television series debuts
1998 television series endings
English-language television programs
Day & Night (song)

"Day & Night" is a single by Billie Piper, released in 2000. The song was Piper's 3rd UK #1 single.

Track listings
UK Single CD1
Cat. #: SINCD11
  Day & Night (Stargate Mix)
  Day & Night (Almighty Club Mix)
  Day & Night (Robbie Rivera's Bombastic)
  Day & Night Video + Picture Gallery

2000 songs
Billie Piper songs
Pop songs
Walk of Life (Billie Piper song)

Walk of Life is the second album by pop singer Billie Piper, released in 2000. Piper's second album did not match the successful start in terms of album sales despite producing three Top 30 singles - "Day and Night" went to #1 and "Something Deep Inside" managed to get to #4 and "Walk of Life" finishing at #25 on the UK charts.

Despite good reviews, the album was not released in the US. Piper then decided have a break from the music industry and concentrate on acting.

Track listing
 "Day & Night"
 "Something Deep Inside"
 "Walk of Life"
 "Safe with Me"
 "Bring It On"
 "Ring My Bell"
 "The Tide Is High"
 "Run That By Me"
 "Promises"
 "Because of You"
 "What Game Is This?"
 "Misfocusing"
 "Makin' My Way (Anyway That I Can) - Pokemon Official Soundtrack"

2000 albums
Billie Piper albums
2000 songs
Billie Piper songs
Pop songs
BBC Parliament

BBC Parliament is a British television channel from the BBC. It broadcasts live and recorded coverage of the British House of Commons and House of Lords, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly, and occasionally from the General Synod of the Church of England. The channel does not broadcast reports from the European Parliament. It Is Available On Sky Channel 504, Terrestrial (Freeview) Channel 230 and Virgin Media Channel 609.

Before being taken over by the BBC, the channel was known as The Parliamentary Channel (from 1992-1998).

References

1992 establishments in the United Kingdom
Parliament
Roy Scheider

Roy Richard Scheider (November 10, 1932 – February 10, 2008) was an Academy Award- and Golden Globe-nominated American actor. He was best known for his role as police chief Martin Brody in the 1975 movie Jaws, his Academy Award nominated role (but he did not win the award) as Joe Gideon in the movie All That Jazz, and as Captain Nathan Bridger in Steven Spielberg's Emmy Award winning television series seaQuest DSV.   He played "Heywood Floyd " in the 1984 film 2010.

Scheider's mother was an Irish-American Roman Catholic; his father was a German-American Protestant. Scheider had a daughter from his first marriage, and a son and daughter from his second marriage. He had a form of cancer called multiple myeloma, and died of an staphylococcal infection, aged 75.

Other websites 

 The Roy Scheider Resource 
 Obituary in The Times
 
 Roy Scheider  at the Starpulse Biography site
 Roy Scheider  at The New York Times
 Roy Scheider - Obituary and public tribute 
 Plum TV Hamptons Tribute 
 William Friedkin on Roy Scheider

Actors from New Jersey
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
People from Orange, New Jersey
Deaths from staphylococcal infection
1932 births
2008 deaths
Platform game

A platform game, or platformer, is a genre of video game. Platformer gameplay is about jumping between platforms or over obstacles. The player controls these jumps and must use skill to avoid their character falling off of platforms or missing jumps.  This kind of gameplay, even in other genres, is called "platforming". Games where jumping is not controlled by the player, such as The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, are not thought of as platform games.

Platform games began as 2D in the early 1980s, and 3D platformers became popular in the mid-1990s. The name describes games where jumping on platforms is a large part of the gameplay. However, platforming is not a pure genre, and often there are other types of genres mixed into it. For example, in a game like Metroid, the player controls a character not only to navigate obstacles, but to fight enemies.

As long as the actually jumping remains a main part of the gameplay, the game can still correctly be called a platformer. Because of this, there are many different types of platformers.

 
Types of video games
Video game genres
Relaxation

Relaxation is a process or behavior where someone relaxes. The goal is to become calmer and less anxious, stressed or angered. Relaxation can also lower muscle tension, blood pressure and slow heart and breath rates, among other health benefits.

References

Lifestyles
Psychology
Piranha

The piranha (also known as the caribe) is a ferocious, schooling, fresh-water fish. It is native to warm lowland streams and lakes in South America, east of the Andes Mountains. Piranhas have been introduced to other places, including Northern Brazil, Hawaii, and parts of Central and North America. There are many species of piranha; they belong to the genera Pygocentrus and Serrasalmus. They reproduce by laying eggs.

Diet 
Piranhas are opportunistic carnivores (flesh-eaters). They eat aquatic and land animals that are in the water. Some of the prey includes fish, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, birds, lizards, amphibians, rodents, and carrion (dead meat that they find). These fish are diurnal (most active during the day).

Predators 
Many animals prey upon piranhas (especially young piranhas), including other piranhas, caimans, water snakes, turtles, birds, otters, and people.

Bony fish
Maximilian Kolbe

Maximilian Maria Kolbe (originally christened Raymund) (1894-1941) is a Catholic saint. He was a Polish Franciscan who worked in Poland and Nagasaki, Japan. He died in Auschwitz because he wanted to save another prisoner. Maximilian saved the life of that prisoner. Maximilian is remembered on August 14, the date of his death. The first-class relics of St Maximilian Kolbe are preserved and distributed by the friary of Niepokalanów, establish by St Maximilian in Poland.

Kolbe was smuggled to a prison hospital to try to stop beatings and lashings as part of being a priest. One day three prisoners disappeared from the camp and then the deputy camp commander decided to choose ten men at random to be starved to death to prevent any more escapes. 

One of the men, Franciszek Gajowniczek, cried out, "My wife! My children!" When Kolbe heard this he volunteered to take his place. 

After two weeks of starvation and dehydration Kolbe was the only one of ten men that was still alive. He was always standing or kneeling in the middle of the cell looking very calm whenever the guards arrived. The guards then decided to give a lethal injection as he was still alive. Kolbe then raised his arm and waited for this deadly injection.

References
Catholic Forum.com, Saint Maximilian Kolbe
 The first-class relics of Saint Maximilian Kolbe
 Niepokalanów, the friary established by St Maximilian Kolbe (English page)

1894 births
1941 deaths
Christian saints
Franciscans
Holocaust victims
People executed by lethal injection
Polish Roman Catholics
Hans Kleppen

Hans Kleppen (March 16, 1907 – April 12, 2009) was a Norwegian who was a ski jumper in the 1920s. He won a bronze medal at the 1929 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Zakopane.

Kleppen, from Bø i Telemark, became 100 years old in March 2007 and, having been part of the 1928 Winter Olympics, was Norway's oldest living Olympian.

References

Other websites 
Report on Hans Kleppen's 101st birthday  (Norwegian)

1907 births
2009 deaths
Centenarians
Norwegian sportspeople
Skiers
In the End

"In The End" is a song by Linkin Park. It appeared on their first album, Hybrid Theory. It was the fourth single from the album.

Positions on music charts

Linkin Park songs
2001 songs
In Utero

In Utero is the third and last studio album by the American rock band Nirvana and was released on September 21, 1993, by DGC Records. Nirvana wanted the album to be very different from their last album Nevermind and have a less clean sound. The album was recorded at Pachyderm Studio in Cannon Falls, Minnesota over two weeks with the producer Steve Albini. Producer Scott Litt also made small changes to the sound that Albini had produced.

When the album was released, it went into the Billboard 200 at number one and was well liked by critics. Since its release, the album has sold over 15 million copies.

Track listing

References 

Nirvana albums
1993 albums
Scentless Apprentice

"Scentless Apprentice" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana. It was on their third album, In Utero, and a live version was on their live album, From the Muddy Banks of the Wishkah. Most of their songs were only written by the singer Kurt Cobain, but this song was written by all three members of the band.

The song was written in 1992. The band originally did not like the song, because it was too much of a generic grunge song, however they soon began to like it. They even thought of releasing it as the second single from In Utero (after "Heart-Shaped Box") but this never happened.

The song is about a book that Kurt Cobain read, Perfume. The book and the song are about a boy who is born without body odor but has a strong sense of smell. Soon he becomes a murderer who kills female victims.

In the television show Lost, "Scentless Apprentice" is playing on one of the characters' car radios.

References

Nirvana songs
1993 songs
Japan Media Arts Festival

The Japan Media Arts Festival is a festival held in Japan. They give awards for art, entertainment, animation, and manga.

Entertainment awards
Kenny McCormick

{{SouthPark character
|name=Kenneth "Kenny" McCormick|gender=Male
|hair=Blond
|job=Student
|appearance="The spirit of the christmas" (Short) "Cartman gets an anal probe" (South Park)
|voiceactor=Matt Stone
}}
Kenny McCormick is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park''. Kenny comes from a very poor family. He is the most cosmopolitan of the four boys. The others often ask him to explain sexual terms they do not understand. Kenny's voice is hard to understand because of his parka. This is done mainly because the things he says are usually vulgar. Even though his dialog is not understood by the viewer, Stan, Kyle, and Cartman can understand him clearly.

It was an on-going part during the earlier episodes of the series that Kenny dies in most of the episodes. His death is not permanent. He usually returned for the next episode but characters rarely talk about him having ever died. Kenny's face is always somewhat hidden by his parka or other things that can cover his face.

McCormick, Kenny

Fictional characters introduced in 1992
Fictional American people
Pedagogy

See also: Education
Pedagogy is the art or science of being a teacher and of learning.
The word pedagogy comes from the Greek word paidagōgeō, which means "to lead the child."   In Ancient Greece, rich men had a slave to instruct their sons as a tutor, or to take them to the academy.  Girls were almost entirely home schooled, but many boys went to school even if they had a tutor.

Academic degree
An academic degree is sometimes given for pedagogy. In the United States of America and Great Britain, you can earn a degree in education at the Bachelor's (undergraduate; BA or BS) or Master's (graduate; MA or MS) level. You can also earn an advanced degree called either a Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), or a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.); you can also get a degree for specific things, like a Doctor of Music degree in piano pedagogy.

Criticism
Some people do not like the idea of pedagogy. They say that learning is something that a person does for themselves, not something that a person imposes on a person. Pedagogy is mainly credited and acknowledged in Western society, but it is not regarded as a good thing in some Eastern secular and fundamentalist societies.

References

Education
Penal colony

A penal colony is a settlement used to hold prisoners and use them for working in part of the state's (usually colonial) territories. This is much bigger than a prison farm. A famous penal colony was Devil's Island in French Guiana. The British Empire used its colonies in North America as penal colonies for more than 150 years. The first British settlements in Australia were started as penal colonies.

Common Features

Life in penal colony was often very hard, sometimes including severe physical punishment. Some prisoners were sentenced for the rest of their natural lives. Many died from hunger, disease, neglect, working too hard, or trying to escape.

In the penal colony system, prisoners were sent far away to stop escapes and to make it hard to get home after their prison term finished.  Penal colonies were often in unsettled lands, especially places where no else wanted to work or live. The prisoners' unpaid work would help the government develop new areas without spending a lot of money.

British Empire
The British used parts of North America as a penal colony. Convicts would be transported by private companies and sold by auction to plantation owners. About 50,000 British convicts were sent to colonial America. This was about one quarter of British settlers during the 1700s.

After the American Revolution, Britain had to find somewhere else to send its prisoners. They established Sydney, Norfolk Island, Van Diemen's Land and Western Australia as big penal colonies. 

In colonial India, the British had made various penal colonies.  Two of the most infamous ones are on the Andaman islands and Hijli Detention Camp.  In the early days of settlement, Singapore was sent Indian convicts. Their job was to clear the jungles for settlement and early public works.

Related pages
 Convict
 Prison

References

Punishments
Convict

A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". The word is sometimes abbreviated as "con". After a conviction, convicts often become prisoners in a prison. People convicted and sentenced but not sent to prison are not usually called "convicts". An ex-convict (or short: ex-con) is a person who has been let out of prison.

In past centuries many convicts were send to penal colonies.  Many British convicts were sent to the Thirteen Colonies as cheap workers, but that stopped after the War of Independence.  After this, convicts were transported to Australia in 1788, the very start of European settlement. They were used as cheap workers.  Transportation was stopped in 1868. British convicts were also sent to Canada and India. 

France also sent convicts to French Guiana and New Caledonia, and Russia sent them to Siberia.

Related pages
 Penal colony
 Prison

References
Corpora cavernosa

Corpora cavernosa are regions of biological tissue that are erectile (become hardened when they fill with blood). They are found in both men and women.

Men 

The corpus cavernosum penis is found in the penis. It is found in pairs which contain most of the blood in the male penis during erection.  The two corpus cavernosa, along with the corpus spongiosum are the areas of tissue along the length of the penis.

Women 

The corpus cavernosum clitoridis is similar to the male corpus cavernosum. The body of the clitoris contains biological tissue that helps to create an erection. As in men, this tissue comes in a pair of corpora cavernosa. However, the female has no corpus spongiosum. Instead, there are two vestibular bulbs beneath the skin at the entrance to the vagina.

Reproductive system
Hamming code

A hamming code is an error-correcting block code. The code is named after Richard Hamming who developed it in the 1950s. At the time, Hamming worked with machines that had relays and used punched cards to read the data. Because they were heavily used, the punched cards often had errors, which needed to be corrected by employees.

Hamming codes are used for digital signal processing and telecommunications. Hamming codes are generated according to certain rules. Hamming codes use multiple parity bits. A parity bit tells whether a group of bits is even or odd. In a hamming code, each bit of data is covered by several parity bits. This allows to detect errors, and in certain cases, to correct them as well.  A hamming code uses redundancy. If there are three parity bits per code word, the code word must have a length of 7 (, for k as the number of parity bits). This leaves 4 bits of user data per code word, in the example. Usually, this is written as (N,n), where the first number is the total length of a code word, and the second is the number of bits for user data. The example above is (7,4). 

The shortest possible Hamming code is (3,1), 2 parity bits are used for one data bit. This code has two valid values 000 and 111 - The codes 001, 010 and 100 are transmission errors, and will be assigned to the valid code word 000. The other possibilities 011, 101 and 110 will be changed to 111.

Encodings
Corpus cavernosum clitoridis

The corpus cavernosum clitoridis is one of two sponge-like tissue  found in the body of the clitoris. It is similar to the corpus cavernosum penis in the male.

The female has no corpus spongiosum, but instead two vestibular bulbs beneath the skin at the entrance to the vagina, which expand at the same time as the glans clitoris.

Each corpus is connected to the blood vessels of the pubic bone and hip bone by the clitoris.

Physiology 
Sometimes, release of nitric oxide relaxes muscles around the vagina, called sexual arousal. More blood flows in through the corpus cavernosum and the clitoris is filled with blood. This leads to better sensitivity.

References

Anatomy of the female reproductive system
ZFS

The ZFS is a computer file system.
FS stands for file system.
The letter Z was chosen, because it is the last letter in the English alphabet.
This is supposed to mean ZFS was the last, “ultimate” file system ever made.

Development 
Originally ZFS has been developed by Sun Microsystems for Solaris.
Later, ZFS has been ported to other versions of Unix, including Linux and FreeBSD.

Design 
Traditional file systems focus on managing data and ensuring integrity.
Additional features like RAID had to be added externally, outside of the file system’s realm.
This potentially led to difficulties and increased complexity of systems.

The ZFS takes a different approach.
It integrates many useful features into its ecosystem.
This ensures all subsystems work together without problems and increases performance.

Some features include
 disk encryption
 RAID
 logical volume management
 snapshots
 data deduplication
 delegating file system administration rights

Furthermore, during development of ZFS there was a continuing trend to disks having larger capacities.
In designing of ZFS it was taken account of that fact.
The ZFS can handle (in comparison to traditional file systems) very large files, a large number of files, large number of disks, disks having large capacities, and so on.

Application 
FreeBSD and Solaris use ZFS as the standard main file system.
Ubuntu’s kernel includes ZFS, but it is not the default choice.

 Computer file formats
 Sun Microsystems
 Oracle Corporation
Ariel Winter

Ariel Winter is an American child actress. Winter started her acting career in 2005. She has acted in the television show Modern Family since 2009.

Filmography 
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang : Voice of Harmony (2005)
Bambi II : Voice of Thumper's Sister #3 and Thumper's Sister #4 (2006)
Curious George : Voice of Kid (2006)
Ice Age: The Meltdown : Additional Voice (2006)
Grilled : Voice of Dolly (2006)
One Missed Call : Voice of Ellie Layton (2008)
Horton Hears a Who : Additional Voice (2008)
Speed Racer : Voice of Young Trixie (2008)
Tales from the Catholic Church of Elvis : Voice of Little Girl (2008)
Life is Hot in Cracktown : Voice of Susie (2008)
Opposite Day : Voice of Carla Benson (2009)

References

Other websites 

1998 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Killswitch Engage

Killswitch Engage is an American metalcore band from Massachusetts. The band is signed to Roadrunner Records and has released six albums and one live DVD. Currently, the band is in the studio with producer Brendan O'Brein working on their 5th studio album, Killswitch Engage. Their current line-up consists of Howard Jones, Adam Dutkiewicz, Mike D'antonio, Joel Stroetzel, and Justin Foley. On stage, they are known for their humorous antics while performing.

In December 2013 Killswitch Engage were nominated for Best Metal Performance at the 2014 Grammy Awards for their song "In Due Time".

Band members 
Current lineup
 Jesse Leach – lead vocals (1999–2002, 2012–present)
 Joel Stroetzel – rhythm guitar (1999–2000, 2001–present); lead guitar (1999–2002)
 Mike D'Antonio – bass (1999–present)
 Adam Dutkiewicz – lead guitar, backing vocals (2002–present); drums (1999–2002)
 Justin Foley – drums (2003–present)

Former
 Pete Cortese – rhythm guitar (2000–2001)
 Tom Gomes – drums (2002–2003)
 Howard Jones – lead vocals (2002–2011)

Timeline

Albums
Studio albums
 Killswitch Engage (2000)
 Alive or Just Breathing (2002)
 The End of Heartache (2004)
 As Daylight Dies (2006)
 Killswitch Engage (2009)
 Disarm the Descent (2013)
 Incarnate (2016)
 Atonement (2019)

Video albums
 (Set This) World Ablaze (2005)

References

1999 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Massachusetts
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
Musical groups established in 1999
Musical groups from Massachusetts
Roadrunner Records
Harvest Moon 64

Harvest Moon 64, known in Japan as , is a farm simulation video game made by Victor Interactive Software and published in North America by Natsume Co., Ltd. It is about a farmer who has to build a great farm before three years is up. The player can also try to get married and have a baby.

1999 video games
Nintendo 64 games
Roadrunner Records

Roadrunner Records is an American record label. The company mainly deals with heavy metal bands. They are a subsidiary of Warner Music Group.

Current Roadrunner Artists 

 3 Inches of Blood
 7th Son
 8 Foot Sativa (NZ)
 Adelleda (NZ)
 Airborne
 Amanda Palmer
 The Amity Affliction
 Atreyu (excluding US)
 Behind Crimson Eyes (Australia)
 Betzefer (excluding US)
 Biffy Clyro  (US and Japan only)  Black Stone Cherry
 Bleeding Through (excluding US) Blood Has Been Shed (Netherlands and UK only) Caliban   (excluding US) Cavalera Conspiracy
 CKY
 Cradle of Filth
 Convent of Mercy  (Australia Only)  DÅÅTH
 Delain (Europe only) Delight (Poland) De Novo Dahl
 Devilicious (United Kingdom) DevilDriver
 Divine Heresy (excluding US) Dommin
 Down (excluding US) DragonForce (US and UK only) Dream Theater
 The Dresden Dolls (US, UK, Australia) Dry Ivory
 Electric Eel Shock (Japan only) Emperor (Norway,Sweden,Finland,Iceland, and Denmark only) Every Time I Die (UK) Fear Factory (UK only) FC Five (Japan) Flames Go Higher (Australia) Hopesfall (UK, Australia) Jeopardy Theory (New Zealand) Jonas Goldbaum (Germany) Khoma (UK) Kill Hannah (Excluding US) Killswitch Engage
 Kids In Glass Houses (UK Only) Lamb of God (Excluding North America) Liv Kristine (Europe only) Machine Head
 Madina Lake
 Megadeth
 Most Precious Blood (UK, Australia) Mutiny
 Negative (Europe only) Nickelback (excluding Canada) Nightwish (US only) Opeth
 Pain (Nordic Territories, Europe only) Poison the Well (UK) Porcupine Tree (Excluding North America and Japan) Port Amoral
 Satyricon (excluding US and Norway) Slipknot (excluding Scandinavia) Soulfly
 Staind
 Steadlür
 Stereoside
 Stone Sour
 The Cult
 The Parlor Mob
 The White Room  (Australia) The Wombats (US) Theory of a Deadman
 Terror  (UK, Australia) Throwdown (excluding US) Trivium
 Walls of Jericho (UK, Australia)''
 Within Temptation
Harvest Moon (video game)

Harvest Moon, known in Japan as , is a farm simulation video game made by Pack-In-Video and published by Natsume in North America and Nintendo in PAL regions. It's about a farmer who has to make a great farm before the game reaches the end. He can also get married and have a baby.

References

1996 video games
Virtual Console games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Wii Music

Wii Music is a music video game that was made by Nintendo for the Wii game console. It was supervised by Kōji Kondō along with others.

References

2008 video games
Wii games
Wii-only games
Music video games
Face (movie)

Face is a 1997 British crime drama thriller movie. It was directed by Antonia Bird and written by Ronan Bennett.  The movie stars Robert Carlyle and Ray Winstone and features the rock singer Damon Albarn (Blur, Gorillaz) in his first acting job.

Other websites

1997 crime movies
1997 thriller movies
1990s crime drama movies
1990s crime thriller movies
British crime drama movies

Movies set in London
Incesticide

Incesticide is a compilation album by the American grunge band, Nirvana. This album features many of their B-Sides and demos of their songs. On the back of the CD, Kurt Cobain spells his name wrong. He spells it "Kurdt Cobain."

Track listing

Album charts

Nirvana albums
1992 albums
Compilation albums
Rape Me

"Rape Me" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana. It was the second single from their last album, In Utero. But there was much controversy about the song, so the single was a double-A-side single. The other song was "All Apologies."

Controversy 
There was much controversy about the title of the song. Although many people were shocked about it, Kurt Cobain, the writer of the song, said that the song is about a man who rapes a woman. He is sent to prison for it, and he is raped there. There was a music video that was planned to be made. It was going to be set in a women's prison. However, Nirvana needed a break from the controversy and did not make it.

Chart positions 

Nirvana songs
1993 songs
Palm, Inc.

Palm, Inc. is an American computer company. It makes small handheld computers. Most of their computers have a handwriting recognition function called Graffiti. This is a part of the screen that can understand what is written on it. Palm computers can store contacts, addresses, notes, and many other things. Another feature, called Hotsync, allows the user to have their personnal computer and Palm connect to each other and be updated. 
On April 28, 2010, Hewlett-Packard announced that it had agreed to buy Palm for $1.4 billion.

Name changes 
Palm, Inc. has had its name changed several times. When they started out, they were called Palm Computing Inc. Later, in 2000, they changed their name to Palm, Inc. In 2004, Palm changed their name to PalmOne, but later in 2005 they switched back to Palm, Inc.

References

Other websites 
 Palm's Website

American computer hardware manufacturers
American software companies
Companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
1992 establishments in the United States
Mickey Rooney

Mickey Rooney (born Joseph Yule; September 23, 1920 – April 6, 2014) was an American actor and producer.

In his career, he won many awards, such as an Oscar, a Golden Globe and an Emmy Award. Best known for his work as the Andy Hardy character, Rooney had one of the longest movie careers of any actor.

Rooney married eight times and had nine children. He separated from his eighth wife in 2012.

Rooney died after a long illness on April 6, 2014 at his home in Los Angeles, California. He was 93 years old.

References

Other websites

 The official website of Mickey Rooney
 The Official Home of Mickey Rooney 
 
 Mickey Rooney on the Phil Silvers Show 

1920 births
2014 deaths
Actors from New York City
American child actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American television producers
American voice actors
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Emmy Award winners
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Donkey Kong (handheld game)

is a platform video game made by Nintendo for the Game Boy handheld game console. It stars Mario who has to save his girlfriend Pauline from Donkey Kong, just like in the original Donkey Kong game for the arcades.
The gameplay in the first 4 levels is the same as the first Donkey Kong game, but then it becomes more like the Mario vs. Donkey Kong game in the next levels.

1994 video games
Donkey Kong
Game Boy games
Mario platform games
Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development games
Meteora

The Metéora (, "suspended rocks", "suspended in the air" or "in the heavens above") is the name for a number of monasteries in Greece. Several  Eastern Orthodox monasteries are part of the complex, located in Kalambaka, Greece. The site is almost as important as Mount Athos.  The monasteries are built on natural sandstone rock pillars, at the northwestern edge of the Plain of Thessaly near the Peneios river and Pindus Mountains, in central Greece. The Metéora is home to six monasteries and is included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Metéora's criteria for the UNESCO World Heritage Site are I, II, IV, V and VII.

Images

References

Other websites

A local site with information on the monasteries and area.
Hellenic Ministry of Culture 

Monasteries
World Heritage Sites in Greece
Syllogism

A syllogism  is a  deduction. It is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two or more others (the premises). The idea is an invention of Aristotle.

In the Prior Analytics, Aristotle defines the syllogism as "a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so". (24b18–20)

Each proposition must have some form of the verb 'to be' in it. A categorical syllogism is like a little machine built of three parts: the major premise, the minor premise and the conclusion. Each of these parts is a proposition and, from the first two, the "truth value" of the third part is decided.

Examples
Major premise: All men are mortal.
Minor premise: All Greeks are men.
Conclusion: All Greeks are mortal.

Each of the three distinct terms represents a category. In the above example, "men," "mortal," and "Greeks."  "Mortal" is the major term; "Greeks", the minor term.  The premises also have one term in common with each other, which is known as the middle term; in this example, "man." Both of the premises are universal, as is the conclusion.

Major premise: All mortals die.
Minor premise: Some men are mortals.
Conclusion: Some men die.

Here, the major term is "die", the minor term is "men," and the middle term is "mortals". The major premise is universal; the minor premise and the conclusion are particular. Aristotle studied different syllogisms and identified valid syllogisms as syllogisms with conclusion true if both premises are true. The examples above are valid syllogisms.

A sorites is a form of argument in which a series of incomplete syllogisms is so arranged that the predicate of each premise forms the subject of the next until the subject of the first is joined with the predicate of the last in the conclusion. For example, if one argues that a given number of grains of sand does not make a heap and that an additional grain does not either, then to conclude that no additional amount of sand will make a heap is to construct a sorites argument.

Logic today 
The syllogism was replaced by first-order logic after the work of Gottlob Frege, published in 1879. This logic is suitable for mathematics, computers, linguistics and other subjects, because it uses numbers (quantified variables) instead of sentences.

References 

Logic
1 Maccabees

The Book of 1 Maccabees (pronounced First Maccabees) is a book of the Bible written in Hebrew around the year 100 BC by a Jewish author. It is part of the Old Testament in Catholic and Orthodox Christianity but is generally not seen as canonical in Protestantism. It talks about the period in Jewish history between 175 BC and 134 BC, when the Seleucid Empire ruled over Israel and forced their culture and religion onto the Jewish people. Angry at these developments, many Jews rebelled against the imperialists and overthrew the tyranny. Their struggles and battles form the majority of the Book of 1 Maccabees.

Old Testament books
Hanukkah
Prahova County

Prahova () is a county (judeţ) of Romania, in the historical region of Muntenia. The capital of Prahova County is Ploieşti.

Geography
Prahova County has an area of 4,716 square kilometers.  The main river in Prahova County is the Prahova River.

Divisions 
Prahova County has 2 municipalities, 12 towns and 90 communes.

Municipalities
 Ploieşti 
 Câmpina

Towns
 Azuga
 Băicoi
 Boldeşti-Scăeni
 Breaza
 Buşteni
 Comarnic
 Mizil
 Plopeni
 Sinaia
 Slǎnic
 Urlaţi
 Vălenii de Munte

Communes

Related pages
Prahova River
Prahova Valley

References

Counties of Romania
Lizzie McGuire

Lizzie McGuire is an American children's situation comedy television show. It was shown from 2001 through 2004 on the Disney Channel. It is about the life of a young girl (Hilary Duff as Lizzie McGuire) growing up. There was a 2003 film based on the show called The Lizzie McGuire Movie. There was also a series of books, a magazine and toys. The soundtrack to the show was released on CD and sold a million copies.

Cast 

Hilary Duff as Elizabeth "Lizzie" Brooke McGuire
Lalaine as Miranda Isabella Sanchez
Adam Lamberg as David "Gordo" Gordon
Jake Thomas as Matthew "Matt" McGuire
Hallie Todd as Jo McGuire
Robert Carradine as Sam McGuire
Ashlie Brillault as Kate Sanders
Clayton Snyder as Ethan Craft

Other websites 

2001 American television series debuts
2004 American television series endings
2000s American sitcoms
2000s teen television series
American teen comedy television series

Television series about families
Television series about friendship
Television series about siblings
English-language television programs
Suceava

Suceava is the capital city of Suceava County, in Romania.  107,513 people were living in Suceava as of July 1, 2004.

References

Other websites
 Local Authority Website from Suceava
 Suceava | images and words
 The "Ştefan cel Mare" University of Suceava
 Suceava Airport 

County capitals of Romania
Municipalities of Romania
Cities in Romania
Baiu Mountains

The Baiu Mountains are a group of mountains in the central part of Romania.  They are part of the Eastern Carpathians.

Related pages
List of mountain peaks in Romania
Baiu Mare River

References

Mountain ranges of the Carpathians
Mountains of Romania
Valea Doftanei

Valea Doftanei is a commune in Prahova County, Romania.
 

Valea Doftanei
Harghita County

Harghita (; ; ) is a county (judeţ) in the central part of Romania, in the eastern part of Transylvania.  The capital of Harghita County is Miercurea-Ciuc.

Geography
Harghita County has an area of 6,639 square kilometers. 

Two of the most important rivers in Romania, the Mureş River and the Olt River, start in Harghita County.

Divisions
Harghita County has 4 municipalities, 5 towns, and 58 communes.

Municipalities
 Miercurea Ciuc – county seat; population: 42,029
 Gheorgheni
 Odorheiu Secuiesc
 Topliţa

Towns
 Băile Tuşnad
 Bălan
 Borsec
 Cristuru Secuiesc
 Vlăhiţa

Communes

Harghita County
Transylvania
Reprise Records

Reprise Records is an American record label, founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra, which is owned by Warner Music Group, and operated through Warner Bros. Records. Reprise is best known for recording  Green Day since 1994.

Company history 
Reprise was formed in 1960 by Frank Sinatra in order to allow more artistic freedom for his own recordings. He had earlier been with Capitol Records, but was upset when Capitol issued an album, Come Fly with Me, whose cover had a picture of him in front of an airplane with a Trans-World Airlines (TWA) logo. He believed Capitol and TWA were profiting together from his image, and left him out.

Reprise's artists included Sinatra's longtime friend Dean Martin, who was a singer and comedian, with a popular television show. Sinatra's daughter, Nancy Sinatra, became a recording artist and singer, and signed with her father's label. (His advice to her, whoever she signed with, was to "Own your own masters", and she did that. Years later, her  was valuable, and she earned more money from her records than if she was not their owner.) Reprise also released records by Jimi Hendrix, and later Neil Young.

Subsidiaries 
 Kinetic Records (1992–2000)
 Grand Jury Records (1990–1993)
 Giant Records (1990-1994, Warner Brothers took over the duties until Giant folded.)
 Vapor Records (1995–present; current status unknown)
 Elementree Records (1995–2000)
 In Bloom Records (1998–2000)
 Chrysalis Records (1969-1972)

Related pages
 List of record labels

References

Other websites 
 A discography of American Reprise singles from 1961 to 1970

American record labels
1960 establishments in the United States
Rob Cavallo

Rob Cavallo (born March 21, 1963) is a record producer. He both signed and produced Green Day. He has made a number of other albums. He is now a senior vice-president at Reprise Records.

Partial discography


Dave Matthews Band
Yet-To-Be-Titled Album (2008/9)

David Cook (singer)
Yet-To-Be-Titled Album (2008)

Flashlight Brown
My Degeneration (2003)

Fleetwood Mac
Say You Will (2003)

Goo Goo Dolls
Dizzy Up The Girl (1998)
Gutterflower (2002)

L7
"the Beauty Process" (1997)

Green Day
Dookie (1994)
Insomniac (1995)
Nimrod (1997)

Shenanigans (2002)
American Idiot (2004)

Hot Hot Heat
Let Me In single (2007)

Jawbreaker
Dear You (1995)

Jewel
Goodbye Alice in Wonderland (2006)

Kid Rock 
    Rock And Roll Jesus (2007)

Avril Lavigne 
  The Best Damn Thing (2007)  (Innocence)

Less Than Jake
B is for B-Sides (2004)
Anthem (2003)

Alanis Morissette
"Uninvited" (1998)

The Muffs
Blonder and Blonder (1995)

My Chemical Romance
The Black Parade (2006)

Shinedown
 The Sound of Madness (2008)

Sixpence None the Richer
Divine Discontent (2002)

Sleeper 
  Rain  (1994)

Other work
Rent: The Motion Picture Soundtrack (2005)

References

Other websites
Exclusive Video Interview With Rob Cavallo 
Article on recent work with Dave Matthews 

Grammy Award winners
Living people
American record producers
1963 births
Selling out

Selling out means giving away one's integrity, morality and principles in exchange for money, 'success' or other personal gain. Some people think that it happens in art when what they think is weird becomes more like mainstream society, so it will make more money. Selling out is seen as getting success at the cost of credibility.

Other websites 
The Art of Selling Out: Compromising the Music

Music industry
Popular culture
Longview (song)

"Longview" is the first major-label single released by punk band Green Day, from their 1994 album, Dookie.

Chart position 
 #1  (US Modern Rock) 
 #13  (US Mainstream Rock) 
 #30  (UK) 
 #34  (Australia) 
 #36  (US Radio Airplay) 

1994 songs
Green Day songs
Songs about drugs
Basket Case (song)

"Basket Case" is a song by the band, Green Day from its third album Dookie. The song ended up being a huge hit, spending five weeks at the top of the Modern Rock Tracks chart after it was released. The song was written by frontman Billie Joe Armstrong about his struggle with anxiety; before he was diagnosed with a panic disorder, and he thought he was going crazy.

Track listing

Initial Pressing 
"Basket Case" - 3:01
"On The Wagon" (Non-LP Track) - 2:48
"Tired Of Waiting For You" (Non-LP Track) - 2:30
"409 In Your Coffeemaker" (Unmixed) - 2:49

Alternate Pressing 
"Basket Case" - 3:01
"Longview" (live) - 3:30
"Burnout" (live) - 2:11
"2,000 Light Years Away" (Live) - 2:49
(Live tracks recorded March 11, 1994 at Jannus Landing, St. Petersburg, Florida)

Chart positions 

It should be noted that, while the song was extremely popular in the United States, even reaching hit number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay, the lack of a commercial single stopped the song from charting on the Billboard Hot 100.

Footnotes

Other websites 
Song Review  at Allmusic

Green Day songs
1994 songs
When I Come Around

"When I Come Around" is a 1994 single from Green Day's album, Dookie. It was the final single from the album and it was #1 on the Modern Rock Tracks for seven weeks.

Track listing

Initial Pressing
"When I Come Around" - 2:58
"Coming Clean" (Live) - 1:36
"She" (Live) - 2:14
(Live tracks recorded November 18, 1994 at Aragon Ballroom, Chicago)

AU Single
"When I Come Around" - 2:58
"Longview" (Live) - 3:30
"Burnout" (Live) - 2:11
"2,000 Light Years Away" (Live) - 2:48
(Live tracks recorded March 11, 1994, at Jannus Landing, St. Petersburg, Florida)

7" Picture Disc
Side A.
"When I Come Around" - 2:58

Side B.
"She" (Live) - 2:14

Chart positions

1994 songs
Green Day songs
Crater (disambiguation)

Crater can be:

Space 
 Crater, a hole in the ground
 Crater (constellation), a pattern of stars
Hercules (constellation)

Hercules is a constellation in the northern part of the sky. It represents the mythological Hercules of Greek mythology. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by an astronomer known as Ptolemy around the year 150 CE. It is now one of the 88 modern constellations on the International Astronomical Union's list.

References

Constellations
Constellations listed by Ptolemy
Aquila (constellation)

Aquila is a constellation. The name means 'eagle' in Latin. The constellation is normally represented as an eagle.

Aquila is just a few degrees North of the celestial equator. The constellation is best seen in the summer as it is along the Milky Way. Because of this location along the line of our galaxy, many clusters and nebulae are within its borders. However, they are dim and there are not many galaxies.

History
Aquila was one of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. It had been earlier mentioned by Eudoxus in the 4th century BC and Aratus in the 3rd century BC. It is now one of the 88 constellations defined by the International Astronomical Union.

The Greek Aquila is probably based on the Babylonian constellation of the Eagle (MUL.A.MUSHEN), which is in the same area as the Greek constellation.

Novae
Two major novae have been observed in Aquila. The first one was in 389 BC and was recorded as being as bright as Venus. The other was in 1918 and is known as (Nova Aquilae 1918). It briefly shone brighter than Altair, the brightest star in Aquila.

Deep-sky objects
Three interesting planetary nebulae lie in Aquila:
NGC 6804 shows a small but bright ring
NGC 6781 which bears some resemblance with the Owl Nebula in Ursa Major.
NGC 6751: also known as the Glowing Eye, a planetary nebula

Illustrations
In illustrations of Aquila that represent it as an eagle, a nearly straight line of three stars symbolizes part of the wings. The center and brightest of these three stars is Altair. The tips of the wings spread out to the southeast and northwest. The head of the eagle stretches off to the southwest.

Mythology

In mythology, Aquila was owned by the Roman god Jupiter and did many tasks for him.

In a book by Gavin White, the Babylonian Eagle carried the constellation called the Dead Man (LU.USH) in its talons. The author also draws a comparison to the Classical stories of Antinous and Ganymede.

In classical Greek mythology, Aquila was identified as Αετός Δίας (Aetos Dios). He was the eagle that carried the thunderbolts of Zeus. He was sent by Zeus to carry the shepherd boy Ganymede to Mount Olympus. The constellation of Aquarius is sometimes identified with Ganymede.

In the Chinese love story of Qi Xi, Niu Lang (Altair) and his two children (β and γ Aquilae) are separated forever from their wife and mother Zhi Nu (Vega) who is on the far side of the river, the Milky Way.

In Hinduism, the constellation Aquila is identified with the half-eagle half-human deity Garuda.

Chinese astronomy
In Chinese astronomy, ζ Aql is within the Heavenly Market Enclosure (天市垣, Tiān Shì Yuán), and the other stars of the constellation are placed within the Black Tortoise of the North (北方玄武, Běi Fāng Xuán Wǔ).

References

Sources

Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion (2007). Stars and Planets Guide, Collins, London. . Princeton University Press, Princeton. .

Other websites 

NightSkyInfo.com: Constellation Aquila
Star Tales – Aquila
The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Aquila
WIKISKY.ORG: Aquila constellation

Constellations
Constellations listed by Ptolemy
Libra (constellation)

Libra (, , symbol , Unicode ) is a constellation of the zodiac. It lies between Virgo to the west and Scorpius to the east. It once represented the claws of Scorpius.

Some features 
The brightest stars in Libra form a rectangle:

 α Librae, Zubenelgenubi ("southern claw"), a visual binary;
 β Librae, Zubeneschamali ("northern claw");
 γ Librae, Zubenelakrab ("scorpion's claw");
 σ Librae, Brachium an eclipsing variable.

α and β Librae are the scales' balance beam, and γ and σ are the weighing pans.

σ Librae was formerly known as γ Scorpii even though it is well inside the boundaries of Libra. It was not renamed as σ Librae until 1851 (by Benjamin A. Gould).

Constellations
Constellations listed by Ptolemy
Scorpius

Scorpius (Latin for scorpion, symbol , Unicode ♏) is one of the constellations of the zodiac. In western astrology it is also known as "Scorpio". It is a large constellation in the Southern Hemisphere near the center of the Milky Way.

Deep-sky objects
 Messier 7
 NGC 6302
 NGC 6334

Bibliography 
 Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion (2007). Collins Stars and Planets Guide, HarperCollins, London. .

Other websites 
 The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Scorpius
 Star Tales – Scorpius

Constellations
Constellations listed by Ptolemy