cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan

is a rhythm video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. Ouendan is about a cheer squad who help people in trouble by cheering them on. It had an Americanized sequel called Elite Beat Agents that has music from the United States and Europe, and had a direct sequel called Moero! Nekketsu Rhythm Damashii Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan 2.

Track listing
 Asian Kung-Fu Generation –  (by Kyōya Asada)
 Morning Musume –  (by Kaoru Kubota, Fumio Kobayashi, Yūko Yajima, Mari Nabatame, and Akina Okabayashi)
 Ulfuls –  (by Hiroaki Takeuchi)
 175R –  (edit of the original version)
 The Blue Hearts –  (by Daisaku Shimada of Bevenuts)
 nobodyknows+ –  (by Bugashman, Cantaman, Moss, Mouse-P, and Sausen)
 B'z –  (by Tetsushi Kimura)
 Tomoyasu Hotei –  (by Hiroaki Takeuchi)
 Road of Major –  (by NoB)
 Linda Yamamoto –  (by Kaoru Kubota)
 Kishidan – "One Night Carnival" (by Kei Imai of South 2 Camp)
 Hitomi Yaida – "Over The Distance" (by Ayako Kawajima)
 The Yellow Monkey –  (by Mitsuru Yanagisako)
 Orange Range –  (by Bugashman, Cantaman, Moss, Mouse-P, Sausen, mimi, and Akasanajar)
 L'Arc-en-Ciel – "Ready Steady Go" (by Tetsushi Kimura)

2005 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Japan exclusive video games
Music video games
Elite Beat Agents

Elite Beat Agents is a music video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. It's the spiritual sequel to Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan. The gameplay has the player tap and drag on spots on the touch screen in beat to the rhythm of the music to score points. It was released under the Touch! Generations label in North America. In South Korea, it's called Dowajweo! Rhythm Hero (; Help! Rhythm Hero).

Track listing

Songs in the main story
 Steriogram - "Walkie Talkie Man" (by Jason Paige) "Trio of Mayhem! Love and Boyfriends!!"
 Sum 41 - "Makes No Difference" (by Vinn Lombardo) "Red Carpet Premiere! Smash Hit or Box Office Crash!!"
 Avril Lavigne - "Sk8er Boi" (by Angela Michael) "Hey, Taxi! To the Hospital, and Hurry!!"
 Freddie Mercury/Queen - "I Was Born to Love You" (by Paul Vician) "Art and Beauty! Love and Happiness!?"
 Stray Cats - "Rock This Town" (by Mark Latham) "Magic Meets Madness! The Show Must Go On!"
 Deep Purple - "Highway Star" (by Kaleb James) "A Pug's Life! 400 Miles from Home!!"
 Village People - "Y.M.C.A." (by TC Moses) "Ahoy, Mates! Sunken Delights and Adventure!!"
 Earth, Wind and Fire - "September" (by TC Moses) "Cry Wolf! Meteorology and Parenting!!"
 Jamiroquai - "Canned Heat" (by Jason Paige) "Family Honor! Introducing the Secret-Weapon Ninja!!"
 Madonna - "Material Girl" (by Melissa Garber) "Survive! Celebrity Lives and Desert Isles!!"
 Ashlee Simpson - "La La" (by Laura Jane) "NURSE!! Gold Medal Hero or Zero!!"
 Chicago - "You're the Inspiration" (by Julian Miranda) "A Christmas Gift"
 David Bowie - "Let's Dance" (by Delaney Wolff) "Rags to Riches! Go East Wildcatter!"
 Good Charlotte - "The Anthem" (by Kevin Ridel) "Batter Up! Home Run Hero Makes a Comeback!!"
 Hoobastank - "Without a Fight" (by Kevin Ridel) "No More Music!? The Last Hope!!" (part 1)
 The Rolling Stones - "Jumpin' Jack Flash" (by Billy Fogarty) "No More Music!? The Last Hope!!" (part 2)

Bonus songs
 Cher - "Believe" (by Lynn Rose) "Aspire! Dancing to the Limelight!!"
 Jackson Five - "ABC" (by TC Moses and Brittany Kertesz) "Here, Kitty, Kitty! Baby Hijinks!!"
 Destiny's Child - "Survivor" (by April Harmony) "The Last Laugh! Just a Peanut Matter!!"

References

2006 video games
Music video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Moero! Nekketsu Rhythm Damashii Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan 2

is a rhythm video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. It's the third game in its series, after Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan and Elite Beat Agents, both for the DS.

Track list
 ♪ - denotes that the track is performed by the original artist.
 Sukima Switch - 
 Kaela Kimura - 
 FLOW - 
 Ken Hirai - "Pop Star"
 Hitomi Yaida - "Go my way"
 The Checkers - 
 Going Under Ground - "VISTA" ♪
 Home Made Kazoku - 
 mihimaru GT - 
 Tomoyasu Hotei - 
 SMAP - 
 Ai - "Believe"
 Kishidan - 
 Porno Graffitti - 
 Hyde - "Countdown"
 Sambomaster - 
 Orange Range - "Monkey Magic" [Bonus]
 Nana starring Mika Nakashima - "Glamorous Sky" [Bonus]
 ZZ -  ♪ [Bonus]

References

2007 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Japan exclusive video games
Music video games
Wars (series)

The Wars series is a series of video games made by Nintendo that has appeared on many Nintendo systems starting with the Nintendo Entertainment System. Its first game is Famicom Wars, and it has a spin-off called Battalion Wars. The series is often called Advance Wars, since the main games are called Advance Wars in English.

Games
 Famicom Wars 1988, Famicom Disk System
 Game Boy Wars 1990 Game Boy
 Game Boy Wars Turbo 1997, Game Boy
 Game Boy Wars 2 1998, Game Boy Color
 Super Famicom Wars 1998, Super Nintendo Entertainment System
 Game Boy Wars 3 2001, Game Boy Color
 Advance Wars 2001, Game Boy Advance
 Advance Wars 2: Black Hole Rising 2003, Game Boy Advance
 Advance Wars: Dual Strike 2005, Nintendo DS
 Battalion Wars 2005, Nintendo GameCube
 Battalion Wars 2 2007, Wii
 Advance Wars: Days of Ruin 2008, Nintendo DS

Intelligent Systems games
2008 South Ossetia war

The 2008 South Ossetia war was a military conflict that started on 8 August 2008, between Georgia, South Ossetian (and Abkhazian) secessionists and Russia.

South Ossetia and Abkhazia are territories within Georgia that declared independence from Georgia and have been acting in a de facto independent capacity since the early 1990s. Neither state has been diplomatically recognised by any member of the United Nations. The conflict began on August 8, 2008, after Georgia claimed South Ossetian separatists had broken a ceasefire by attacking villages, although South Ossetian officials deny that they attacked villages. Georgia launched a military offensive to surround and capture the capital of South Ossetia, Tskhinvali.

Russian military troops entered the war at the side of South Ossetia and won the conflict. Georgia launched the Georgia versus Russia (Hague court application, 2008)
in the International Court of Justice.

The war ended on Saturday August 16th, 2008.

References

Other websites 
 Official information from Georgia's government  President of the Republic of Poland
 State Committee of Information and Press of the Republic of South Ossetia

Map resources 
 Topographic maps of the region from Poyehali

Videos 
 BBC World News Youtube Channel
 Russia Today Youtube Channel
 A journey to South Ossetia 2007 documentary about life in South Ossetia
 Russian convoy moving towards Tskhinvali, 06:20
 Destruction in Tskhinvali, 01:36
 Casualties in Tskhinvali, 05:17
 Damaged hospital building in Tskhinvali, 02:17

2008 in Europe
2000s in Russia
Abkhazia
History of Georgia (country)
South Ossetia
Wars involving Russia
Identity (philosophy)

Identity is an word used in the social sciences to describe a person's understanding of him or herself as an individual.

Related pages 
Cultural identity
Gender identity
Identity politics

Social sciences
Sociology
Setesdal

Setesdal is a valley in the county of Aust-Agder, in the south part of Norway .

History
Since the 1200s, one can find papers, where the name "Setesdal" , has been written.

Geography of Norway
Homeopathy

Homeopathy is an alternative medicine. It was created in the 18th century by Samuel Hahnemann. The theory behind homeopathy is that an ill person can be healed with very small amounts of something that produces the symptoms of the illness in a healthy person. Scientists say that homeopathy does not work and only makes people think they feel better (this is called the placebo effect.)

Creation
Homeopaths make their medicines by taking the ingredients, adding water, and shaking the mixture. They then take a drop of the mixture, throw out the rest, and add more water. They do this usually 30 times but sometimes up to 200 times. They call it potentisation. Hahnemann said this would bring out the "spirit-like medicinal powers held within a drug". Science can show how many atoms or molecules—tiny things that cannot be divided up any more—of the original substance are left in the homeopathic drug. Most homeopathic drugs do not contain even a single molecule of the original substance. Homeopaths believe that the solution carries a "memory" of the original substance. Science says that goes against the laws of physics and chemistry.

Disputes
Homeopathy became popular because it was created at a time when medicine did not work very well and could make people sick. Back then, taking homeopathy might have kept people from getting hurt by bad doctors. However, medicine has improved since then, and now helps a lot more than it hurts people. Some homeopaths have told their patients not to take medicines like antibiotics and vaccines that could cure (or keep them from getting) dangerous diseases.

References

Alternative medicine
Vest-Telemark

Vest-Telemark is the name of an area, in the south of Norway .

Some of the towns are: Fyresdal, Tokke, Vinje, Nissedal, Kviteseid, and  Seljord.

In no area, has one found more traces ( examples or  evidence ) of the  Old Norse  language and  grammar.

Geography of Norway
Stev

Stev is a form of poetry. It can be found in lyric poetry from Scandinavia. Stev are made of stanzas, that have four lines

The different types of stev

There are different types of stev:
 gamle-stev or "gamlestev" is the oldest type. It is likely that gamle-stev were danced.  The earliest gamle-stev have been found from around the end of the 1200's. Most gamle-stevs are from Setesdal and Vest-Telemark. Some gamle-stev may be part of folk songs. The gamle-stev is the only part of the folk song which was past down from generation to generation. The rest of the folk song is no longer known.
 ny-stev or "nystev" have probably been around since about year 1700. Most ny-stevs have been replaced by rural folksongs in Telemark, but not in Setesdal.
 om-kved or "omkved" are similar to refrains in ballads. Inn-stev, etter-stev, mellom-sleng  and etter-sleng  are different types of om-kved.
 slåtte-stev or "slåttestev" are instrumental dance songs.
 herme-stev or hermestev are often referred to as "parody-quote" stev. The contain apologetic proverbs (also known as Wellerisms).

The people who can perform stev

A person who can perform a stev, is known as a kveder ( a type of artist ). Aslak Brekke is possibly the most well known of those who have been recorded. A kveder from Setesdal, when performing stev, usually sings more slowly, than a kveder from Telemark. One reason for this may be that the text of Setesdal stev are usually more meditative (or elegiac).

Notes

References

Poetry forms
Nintendo Research & Development 1

Nintendo Research & Development 1, also known as Nintendo R&D1, is a division of Nintendo. They are responsible for the Metroid series and the WarioWare series, among others.

Nintendo
Plucking

Pluck or plucking may mean:

Plucking (hair removal), the removal of hair, fur, or feathers
Feather-plucking, a behavior in birds
Plucking post as used by birds of prey to eat their prey 
Plucking (glaciation), a process related to glaciers
Pluck (card game), a card game
Pluck (offal), from livestock
One of two U.S. Navy ships named USS Pluck
Plucking, a way of playing a stinged musical instrument.
Pluck (string trio), a comedy musical group
P.L.U.C.K., a song by System of a Down
Pluck (company), an Internet company owned by Demand Media
Bill Tapia

Uncle Bill “Tappy” Tapia (born January 1, 1908 – December 2, 2011) was an American musician, born in Honolulu, Hawaii. His parents were Portuguese. At age 10, Tapia already had been a professional musician, playing “Stars and Stripes Forever” for World War I soldiers in Hawaii. 

His long career started in Vaudeville and soon after he became a jazz guitarist and ukulele player. He has worked with big names such as Bing Crosby, Louis Armstrong, and Elvis Presley and also worked with Hawaiian musicians such as King Bennie Nawahi, Sol Ho‘opi’i and Andy Iona. People think that Tapia is the first musician to play jazz on the ukulele.

Other websites

Interview with Uncle Bill Tapia - Part I
Interview with Uncle Bill Tapia - Part II
Uncle Bill Tapia Official Home Page
Podcast interview featuring Uncle Bill's live music and life story. 

1908 births
2011 deaths
American centenarians
American guitarists
American jazz musicians
Musicians from Hawaii
Vaudeville performers
People from Honolulu
WarioWare: Twisted!

WarioWare: Twisted! is a 2004 Game Boy Advance video game. It was made by Nintendo and is art of the WarioWare series.

Gameplay
Twisted! comes with a gyro sensor. The cartridge is a lot larger than in most Game Boy Advance games. Players tap the A button and twist the game around in order to play. 

Like the other games, Twisted! has many microgames. These last for only a few seconds and involve a simple thing the player must do. The player starts with four lives. After about 12-15 microgames, he or she plays the boss level. If they win, they earn another life. If they lose, they lose a life. The game ends when they have run out of lives.

Wario has gotten seven of his friends to help make games for him. Each one has a different theme, or way to play.

Game Boy Advance games
2005 video games
Intelligent Systems games
Nintendo Research & Development 1 games
Punch (strike)

A punch is when a person puts their hand in a fist and thrusts it forward. This can be used for combat, or in some sports like boxing. Punch is the name of the blows that are thrown with the closed fist, striking, usually to other person, with the purpose of defence or attack.

The technique of the normal punch is performed closing the fist and striking with it. The fist is formed in a horizontal line along with the arm, being the element of usage of all the force performed the arm. There is other kind of punch in which the fist is placed vertically (with the palm of the hand directing towards a side instead of towards down) and directing slightly towards down in relation to the arm, in form where the fingers that blow are only the index finger and the ring finger. It is this latter the punch used usually in Kung-fu and the advised to person who had not had a proper training (because in this form it is much more difficult injury the wrist in case of doing it badly).

The punch is used, with different names and different techniques, in many martial arts, and also in systems of personal defence and attack without weapons, like in Tai-Jitsu.

Martial arts
Boxing
Music video game

A music video game, also commonly known as a music game, is a video game where the point of the game is usually to interact with the music. The genre has had many different types of music games, including games that use guitar controllers, drum controllers, and some that use a dance mat that the player has to dance on.

Guitar Hero is a well-known music video game.

Types of video games
 
Video game genres
Tsunku

is a famous Japanese record producer, songwriter, and vocalist.

References 

Japanese singers
Japanese songwriters
1968 births
Living people
People from Osaka Prefecture
Minigame

A minigame is a small video game found in a bigger video game. There are games that only have mini-games, like Mario Party.

Types of video games
Video game gameplay
United States Secretary of Defense

The United States Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) is the head of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). The role was made in 1947. The Secretary of Defense is sixth in line to the United States presidential line of succession.

List of Secretaries
 Parties

 Status

References

Other websites

  – Includes the Secretary of Defense
 More information on each position and biographies of the current Deputy Secretary (DepSecDef) and Under Secretaries (USDs)

 
1947 establishments in the United States
Yoshio Sakamoto

Yoshio Sakamoto is a video game developer for Nintendo who works in Nintendo R&D 1. He was the co-creator of the Metroid series along with Gunpei Yokoi, and is in charge of most of the games released after Yokoi's death. He also works on Wario games, including games in the Wario Land series and the WarioWare series. He founded Team Shikamaru, which is dedicated to script writing. 

Metroid
Nintendo people
Arcade game

An arcade game is a machine that is played using coins. Arcade games are found in restaurants, pubs, video arcades, and other places. Pinball games and video games are two common kinds of arcade games. The Apple App store categorized some apps into a category called "Arcade". One game that is in this category is Tiny Wings.
Computer Entertainment Rating Organization

The  (CERO) is a group that rates video games in Japan. It was established in 2002 by the Computer Entertainment Supplier's Association. It does not rate games for personal computers.

Ratings
A (all ages)
B (ages 12 and up)
C (ages 15 and up)
D (ages 17 and up)
Z (ages 18 and up only)

Video game ratings
TVE

TVE (Televisión Española) is a Spanish public television network.

Most famous programmes of TVE 
 ¡Mira Quien Baila!
 Canta SingStar
 Cuéntame
 Ese programa que me usted habla (Spanish series TV)

Television networks
Real Oviedo C.F.

Real Oviedo is a Spanish football Club. It was founded in March 26 1926. Its home stadium is Carlos Tartiere in Oviedo. Real Oviedo has won the Spanish League Cup once.

Seasons 
Primera División (First division): 38
Segunda División (Second division): 37
Segunda División B (Third division): 9
Tercera División (Fourth division): 4

Real Oviedo was relegated to Tercera División due to financial problems in 2003.

Real Oviedo have played in season 2008/09 at Tercera División, the fourth category in Spanish football. It finished in first place in regular tournament, which allowed to play a play-off to promote to Segunda División B. Real Oviedo have won a place in Segunda División B beating Mallorca B in play-off matches.

League position

Former position

Spanish football clubs
Oviedo
Frank Thomas (animator)

Franklin "Frank" Thomas (September 5, 1912 – September 8, 2004) was an American movie animator. He was one of Disney's Nine Old Men. He worked on many Disney movies until he retired in 1978. Later on, he wrote the animation book The Illusion of Life with good friend and fellow animator Ollie Johnston. Animator Chuck Jones once said that Thomas was the "Laurence Olivier of all animators."

Animated Films 
 Forget Paris (1995) - the voice of Pirates
 The Luke Movie (2000) - the voice of Train Engineer #2
 Logan and Luke (2000) - the voice of Train Engineer #2

Books (all with Johnston)
 The Illusion Of Life
 Too Funny For Words: Disney's Greatest Sight Gags
 The Disney Villain ()
 Bambi: The Story and the Film, along with a flip book

References

Other websites
 
 Frank and Ollie's official site
 Disney Legends
 AWN's tribute to Frank Thomas 
 Remembering Frank Thomas 

1912 births
2004 deaths
American animators
American voice actors
American movie directors
People from Fresno, California
Break a leg

"Break a leg" is an  expression from  Britain. (Here, an "expression" means a particular way of saying something.)

It can mean about the same as "good luck".

This expression was used in theaters  by actors. Before an actor went on stage, other actors could wish that he or she had good luck in their work. Then, a co-worker could say "Break a leg!".

When the expression is used like this, it is a form of irony.

Theater
Luck
The Black Parade Is Dead!

The Black Parade is Dead! is a CD/DVD by My Chemical Romance it was recorded live in Mexico.

Track listing 

 CD
All songs written and composed by My Chemical Romance.

From the Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City, Mexico on October 7, 2007
 1. "The End." 2:34
 2. "Dead!" 3:17
 3. "This Is How I Disappear" 3:51
 4. "The Sharpest Lives" 3:17
 5. "Welcome to the Black Parade" 5:05
 6. "I Don't Love You" 3:47
 7. "House of Wolves" 3:38
 8. "Interlude" 1:01
 9. "Cancer" 3:16
 10. "Mama" 5:21
 11. "Sleep" 5:31
 12. "Teenagers" 3:03
 13. "The Black Parade Is Dead" 1:00
 14. "Disenchanted" 4:58
 15. "Famous Last Words" 5:09
 16. "Blood" 1:21
DVD
From the Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City, Mexico on October 7, 2007[4]

 1. "The End." 2:34
 2. "Dead!" 3:17
 3. "This Is How I Disappear" 3:51
 4. "The Sharpest Lives" 3:17
 5. "Welcome to the Black Parade" 5:05
 6. "I Don't Love You" 3:47
 7. "House of Wolves" 3:38
 8. "Interlude" 1:01
 9. "Cancer" 3:16
 10. "Mama" 5:21
 11. "Sleep" 5:31
 12. "Teenagers" 3:03
 13. "The Black Parade Is Dead" 1:00
 14. "Disenchanted" 4:58
 15. "Famous Last Words" 5:09
 16. "Blood" 1:21

From Maxwell's in Hoboken, New Jersey, on October 24, 2007[4] 
 
 1. "Welcome to the Black Parade" 5:11
 2. "Thank You for the Venom" 4:23
 3. "Dead!" 5:05
 4. "The Sharpest Lives" 4:40
 5. "This Is How I Disappear" 3:53
 6. "Teenagers" 4:07
 7. "I'm Not Okay (I Promise)" 4:05
 8. "You Know What They Do to Guys Like Us in Prison" 4:04
 9. "Famous Last Words" 5:08
 10. "Give 'Em Hell, Kid" 2:45
 11. "House of Wolves" 3:42
 12. "It's Not a Fashion Statement, It's a Deathwish" 4:38
 13. "I Don't Love You" 4:27
 14. "Untitled" 4:19
 15. "Mama" 4:45
 16. "Helena" 4:54
 17. "Cancer" 2:46

References

2007 albums
My Chemical Romance
BBC Two

BBC Two is a television channel in the United Kingdom and The Second BBC Channel in the Franchise. It was released on 20 April, 1964, and was the third television channel in the United Kingdom. The channel was published by BBC. BBC Two was channel of the year in 2007. BBC Two Was Also the first ever channel in the whole of Europe to go Colour In 1967.

Controllers
This is a list of the controllers of BBC Two.
1964–1965: Michael Peacock
1965–1969: Sir David Attenborough
1969–1974: Robin Scott
1974–1978: Aubrey Singer
1978–1982: Brian Wenham
1982–1987: Graeme MacDonald
1987–1992: Alan Yentob
1992–1996: Michael Jackson
1996–1999: Mark Thompson
1999–2004: Jane Root
2004–2008: Roly Keating
2008–2014: Janice Hadlow
2014–2016: Kim Shillinglaw
As of August 2008, the controller of BBC Two was Roly Keating. He took up the post in June 2004. Keating was formerly the controller of BBC Four. He became controller after Jane Root departed in May 2004 to become the executive vice president and general manager of the US-based Discovery Channel. Jane Root was appointed in 1999 and was the first woman to be appointed controller of a BBC television channel.

On 20 January 2016, Kim Shillinglaw announced that she was leaving the BBC and her job as Controller of BBC Two and BBC Four. As a result of a reorganisation, the position was closed, but it was reopened just over a year later.

References

Other websites

1964 establishments in the United Kingdom
BBC television channels
The King of Queens

The King of Queens was an American television series set in Queens, New York City. The series was shown for nine seasons, from 1998 to 2007. After the last episode was broadcast on May 14, 2007, The King Of Queens became the last American live action sitcom that began in the 1990s to end its run.

Characters 
 Doug Heffernan (played by Kevin James): Doug is a driver for the package delivery company, IPS (International Parcel Service), a spin-off of UPS. His actions are often caused by acting like a little kid and his love of food. He often develop bizarre schemes to get what he wants and more than likely lies to his wife, Carrie, in the process.
 Carrie Heffernan (played by Leah Remini): Carrie is Doug's wife. She never went to college, but works as a secretary for a law firm and later a real estate agency. Originally born as Simone Spooner, her name was traded for Carrie after her father lost it in a card game. She is known for being bossy and mean towards others, especially Doug.
 Arthur Spooner (played by Jerry Stiller): Carrie's widowed father. After losing his home in a fire, Carrie decided to have him live in the Heffernan's basement from then on.
 Deacon Palmer (played by Victor Williams): He is Doug's best friend, Deacon is the more responsible of the two.
 Spence Olchin (played by Patton Oswalt): Spence is another friend of Doug's. He is often viewed as the nerd of the group and lives with his mother.
 Danny Heffernan (played by Gary Valentine): Danny Heffernan is Doug's cousin. He is also seen hanging out with Doug, Spence, and Deacon.
 Holly Shumpert (2001–2005, 2007) (played by Nicole Sullivan): Holly is a cheerful, yet insecure dog-walker. She was hired by Doug and Carrie to walk Arthur.
 Richie Ianucchi (1998–2001) (played by Larry Romano): Was one of Doug's friends before leaving in the third season to go to another sitcom.

Other websites 

1998 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
American sitcoms
CBS network shows
Television series set in New York City
English-language television programs
Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue

Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue is a video game being made by Vivendi Games. It is part of the Barbie franchise.

2003 video games
PlayStation 2 games
Xbox games
Barbie Horse Adventures: Riding Camp

Barbie Horse Adventures: Riding Camp is a video game made by Activision for the Nintendo DS and PC in 2008. It is part of the Barbie franchise. The game is the sequel to Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue.

References

Other websites 
 Activision press release 

2008 video games
Nintendo DS games
PlayStation 2 games
Wii games
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Activision video games
Olm

The Olm, or Proteus (Proteus anguinus) is an amphibian, native to the underground waters of the Dinaric karst that flow through the Soča river basin near Trieste in Italy, through to southern Slovenia, southwestern Croatia, and Herzegovina. It is the only species in the genus Proteus, the only European species of the family Proteidae, and the only European cave-dwelling chordate. It is also called the human fish or humanfish, because of its human-like skin (translated literally from Slovenian: Človeška ribica and Croatian: Čovječja ribica), Cave Salamander, or White Salamander.

Amphibians
The Mighty Boosh

The Mighty Boosh is a British comedy television series that was shown on BBC Three. It was also a radio programme. Since the television series, there have been live tours of it.

The first series is about two zookeepers called Howard and Vince. The second series is also about them but is set in a flat. The third is set in a shop.

History 
Fielding first met Barratt after seeing him perform his solo stand-up performance at the Hellfire Comedy Club in the Wycombe Swan theatre. The pair soon found that they shared comic interests, formed a double act, and "decided to be the new Goodies". After their first performance together at a bar in London in April 1998, Barratt and Fielding developed their zookeeper characters - Howard Moon and Vince Noir, respectively - in a series of sketches for Paramount Comedy’s Unnatural Acts. It was here that they also met Rich Fulcher, who would become Bob Fossil. Fielding’s friend Dave Brown and Fielding's own brother Michael also became regular collaborators.

The Boosh soon produced three stage shows - The Mighty Boosh (1998), Arctic Boosh (1999) and Autoboosh (2000) - all of them were at the Edinburgh Fringe. With the success of Autoboosh, a radio series was commissioned by the BBC. Produced by Danny Wallace, The Boosh was first broadcast in 2001 on BBC London Live, later moving to BBC Radio 4, from which the team were given a half-hour television show of the same name.

The first eight-part series, directed by Paul King, was then commissioned for BBC Three and broadcast in 2004, with a second of six episodes the following year. The second series moved away from the zoo setting, and instead Howard, Vince, Naboo the shaman and Bollo the talking ape living in a flat in Dalston. In 2006, the Boosh returned to theatre with The Mighty Boosh Live, which featured a new story entitled "The Ruby of Kukundu".

After two years, the Boosh returned to the television in November 2007. Set in Naboo’s second-hand shop below the flat, the third series drew in approximately one million viewers with its first episode, and in light of its success, BBC Three broadcast an entire night of The Mighty Boosh on March 22, 2008, which included a new documentary and six of Barratt and Fielding's favourite episodes from all three series.

There will not be a fourth series till at least 2010 because they will be working upon a movie. This movie has been confirmed by the BBC.

References

Other websites 

2004 British television series debuts
2007 British television series endings
2000s British sitcoms
BBC television sitcoms
Radio programs

en:The Mighty Boosh
ru:Майти Буш
Encyclical

An Encyclical originally was a letter sent by a bishop to all churches of a particular area. 

In the Roman Catholic Church, the term is only used for letters sent by popes. 

The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Anglican Communion still use the word in its original meaning.

Letters
Pontifical Academy of Sciences

The Pontifical Academy of Sciences dates back four centuries to its creation as the Accademia dei Lincei in 1603. Pope Pius IX changed the name to the Pontifical Academy of the New Lincei in 1847 to signify its new status as an official institution of the Pontifical State. Nearly a century later, it was reorganized as the Pontifical Academy of Science on October 28, 1936, by Pope Pius XI in a Motu proprio In multis solaciis (Latin "Among the many consolations").

Mission 
Although it reports directly to the Pontiff, the academy has considerable freedom in conducting its mission: the study of Science and the possible consequences for the human condition. Christian belief is not a prerequisite for membership to the academy, because first and foremost, it is a legitimate Scientific body that follows the Scientific Method. As of 2003 more than two dozen Nobel Prize winners (including Professor Ahmed Zewail, Chemistry 1999) and several Field Medal winners were counted as members. Plenary sessions are interdisciplinary events held every other year to review new developments and discus progress made towards their mission. Common working groups include astronomy and cosmology, cognition and brain science, and genetics.

Reorganization 
 In multis solaciis, issued 28 October 1936 by Pope Pius XI, on the topic of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences

References

Other websites 
 Libreria Editrice Vaticana (1936): In multis solaciis
 The Pontifical Academy of Sciences official website

Christian colleges and universities
1603 establishments
Khawaja Nazimuddin

Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin, KCIE (,  Khaja Nazimuddin) (July 19, 1894 - October 22, 1964) was the second Governor-General of Pakistan, and later the second Prime Minister of Pakistan as well. He was born in Dacca, Bengal, British India (now Dhaka, Bangladesh) into the family of the Nawabs (rulers) of Dacca, who had come from Kashmir and settled there. He received his education from Dunstable Grammar School in England, then Aligarh Muslim University, and later Trinity Hall, Cambridge University until the mid-1930s. After returning to British India, he became involved in politics in his native Bengal. Nazimuddin was initially the Education Minister, but climbed the ranks to become the Chief Minister of the province prior to independence. Nazimuddin also became the head of the Muslim League in Eastern India.

References

Governors General of Pakistan
1894 births
1964 deaths
People from Dhaka
Malik Ghulam Muhammad

Ghulam Muhammad (20 April 1895 - 12 September 1956, ) served as third Governor-General of Pakistan from 1951 until 1955, and was also the 1st Finance Minister shortly before his death in 1956.

1895 births
1956 deaths
Governors General of Pakistan
Igbo people

The Igbo people (Igbo:  Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò) are an ethnic group in West Africa. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. The Igbo speak the Igbo language (Igbo: Ásụ̀sụ̀ Ị̀gbò). The Igbo people are found in Southeastern Nigeria, in an area referred to as Igboland (Igbo: Àlà Ị̀gbò). There are some Igbos in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. 

There are major amounts of Igbo people found in other countries that are not in Africa. This is because some Igbos have moved to other countries and because they were forced to go to other countries by the Atlantic slave trade. 

They are in countries such as the United States, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Barbados, Bahamas, and the United Kingdom. The most important crop of the Igbo people is the yam. In Nigeria, the Igbo have a lot of cities, like Onitsha and Enugu.

Ethnic groups in Nigeria
British India

British India was the areas of South Asia that were for hundreds of years under the influence of the English and later the British. From the 1600s to 1858, those areas were run by the East India Company. From 1858 to 1947, they were the British Raj. Some areas were under the direct rule of the Governor-General of India. He was appointed by the Government of the United Kingdom in London, and he was also called a viceroy since he represented the British monarch.

After 1876, when Queen Victoria become Empress of India, British India was part of the British Indian Empire, which also included hundreds of Indian princely states that had never been conquered by the British and still had control of their own affairs. They were ruled by local rulers under the protection of the British. They had almost half the land and a quarter of the people of the British Indian Empire. That empire is sometimes called the British Raj.

British India included the regions of the present-day Bangladesh, Republic of India, Burma and Pakistan (185813th August 1947).

Provinces 
Until independence in 1947, British India had seventeen provinces.
 Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri
 Andaman and Nicobar Islands
 Assam
 Baluchistan
 Bengal Province
 Bihar
 Bombay Province
 Central Provinces and Berar
 Coorg
 Delhi Province
 Madras Province
 North-West Frontier Province (1901–55)
 Panth-Piploda
 Orissa
 Punjab
 Sind Province
 United Provinces of Agra and Oudh

The former British India was split into the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. Twelve provinces (Ajmer-Merwara-Kekri, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Assam, Bihar, Bombay, Central Provinces and Berar, Coorg, Delhi, Madras, Panth-Piploda, Orissa, and the United Provinces) became provinces within India.  Three (Baluchistan, North-West Frontier, and Sindh) were in Pakistan. Two (Bengal and Punjab) were shared between India and Pakistan.

In 1950, after the new Indian Constitution, the provinces in India were replaced by states and union territories. Pakistan kept its five provinces. East Bengal, which was renamed East Pakistan in 1956, became the independent nation of Bangladesh in 1971.

Further reading
Edney, Matthew H., and Matthew H. Edney. Mapping an Empire: The Geographical Construction of British India, 1765–1843. Vol. 10. University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Iskander Mirza

Major-General Iskander Ali Mirza, CIE, OBE, or Iskander Mirza (, November 13, 1899 – November 12, 1969) was the last Governor-General of the Dominion of Pakistan (October 6, 1955 to March 23, 1956) and the first President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (March 23, 1956 to October 27, 1958).

1899 births
1969 deaths
Generals
Governors General of Pakistan
Pakistani military people
Presidents of Pakistan
Ayub Khan

General Muhammad Ayub Khan (14 May 1907 – 19 April 1974) was a general of the Pakistan Army and a self-proclaimed Field Marshal during the mid-1960s. A dictator who imposed martial law he also became the President of Pakistan from 1958 to 1969. He became Pakistan's first native Commander-in-Chief in 1951. He was the youngest full-rank general and self-appointed Field Marshal in Pakistan's military history.

Khan became president in 1958 as part of a non-violent coup. In the 1965 presidential election, people thought that Khan had cheated so he could win against Fatimah Jinnah.

Other websites 
 www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk

1907 births
1974 deaths
Former dictators
Generals
Pakistani military people
Presidents of Pakistan
Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry

Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry () (January 1, 1904 - June 2, 1982) was President of Pakistan from August 14, 1973 until he left on September 16, 1978.

References

1904 births
1982 deaths
Pakistani people
Punjabi people
Presidents of Pakistan
Speakers of the National Assembly of Pakistan
Bad Liebenwerda

Bad Liebenwerda is a spa town in the Elbe-Elster district, in southwestern Brandenburg, Germany. It is on the river Schwarze Elster, 57 km northwest of Dresden, and 28 km east of Torgau.

History 
The first written mention is from 1231 as Lievenwerde. The meaning of the name is Liev, or Lieb for life or loveley, and -werde from werda means island, high place in a wather. In the document of 1231 is also mentioned an Otto of Ileburg, Vogt of Lievenwerde, and a Plebanus Walterus, a priest. Liebenwerda had a Water castle with a Keep called Lubwarttower. the first mention as Liebenwerda as a city is from 1304. Liebenwerda was part of the Electorate of Saxony and Kingdom of Saxony till 1815. In reason of the Congress of Vienna the area became part of the Kingdom of Prussia as district Liebenwerda. Since 1905 has Liebenwerda a spa clinical, since 1925 has Liebenwerda the word Bad as a part of the name.

Culture and architecture 
Bad Liebenwerda is home of the Gothic church of St. Nikolai. The tower of the church was rebuilt at the end of the 19th century after lightning struck the tower and caused a fire.
The Lubwarttower (Lubwartturm) is the oldest building in town. The tower was built around 1207 as part of the water castle. Next to this tower is the museum with an exposition about  Carl Heinrich Graun and his brothers. Also is there an exposition about Marionettes, other puppets and the puppet-players of south-east of Germany. 
Bad Liebenwerda has a beautiful little park.

References 

Spa towns in Germany
Ghulam Ishaq Khan

Ghulam Ishaq Khan (abbreviated as GIK) (Urdu/Pashto: غلام اسحاق خان) (January 20, 1915 – October 27, 2006) was President of Pakistan from August 17, 1988 until July 18, 1993.

Presidents of Pakistan

1915 births
2006 deaths
Muslims
Chairmen of the Senate of Pakistan
K-9 and Company

K-9 and Company was a 1981 television spin-off of the original series of Doctor Who. It featured Sarah Jane Smith, played by Elisabeth Sladen, and K-9, a robotic dog. Both characters had been companions of the Fourth Doctor, but they had not appeared together before. A single episode, "A Girl's Best Friend", was produced, but the series was not taken up.

Doctor Who
1981 British television series debuts
Eve Myles

Eve Myles (born 1978 in Ystradgynlais, Powys), is a Welsh actress. She is most known for playing lead characters in Belonging and Doctor Who spin-off series Torchwood.

Other websites

1978 births
Living people
Welsh movie actors
Welsh stage actors
Welsh television actors
Welsh voice actors
Gareth David-Lloyd

Gareth David-Lloyd (born 28 March 1981) is a Welsh actor. He is best known for his role as Ianto Jones in the British science fiction television programme Torchwood.

Biography
He was born Gareth David Lloyd in Bettws, Newport. His first acting role was as a robot in a school play. When he was a teenager, he joined the Gwent Young People's Theatre in Abergavenny and The Dolman Youth Theatre in Newport. 

While he was there, he appeared in several plays, including Henry V, in which he played the most important character. He studied at Coleg Gwent and then trained at the National Youth Theatre, before moving to Reading.

References

Other websites

 

1981 births
Living people
People from Newport
Welsh stage actors
Welsh television actors
Crane

Crane may mean:

Crane (name)
Crane (bird)
Crane (machine) Industrial machine for lifting

Given name
 Crane Brinton (1898–1968), American historian
 Crane (musician) (born 1956), . American trumpeter and vocalist 
 Crane Kenney, American Major League Baseball executive
 Crane Wilbur (1886–1973), American writer, actor and director

Places

Barbados 
 The Crane, Saint Philip, Barbados

United States 
 Crane, Indiana
 Crane Army Ammunition Activity in Crane, Indiana
 Crane, Missouri
 Crane, Oregon
 Cranesville, Pennsylvania
 Crane, Texas
 Crane, Virginia
 Crane Beach, in Ipswich, Massachusetts
 Crane Island (Washington), one of the San Juan Islands

Movies
 The Crane, a 1992 movie
 The Cranes Are Flying, a 1957 movie

Music
 Cranes (band), a British alternative rock band
 Crane School of Music, a school in Potsdam, New York, United States
Scarlet macaw

The scarlet macaw (Ara macao) is a type of parrot.  It is native to humid evergreen forests of tropical South America. 

Its range is from south-eastern Mexico to Amazonian Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil in lowlands up to   (at least formerly) up to . It has suffered from local extinction through habitat destruction and capture for the parrot trade, but locally it remains fairly common.  It is the national bird of Honduras.

References

Other websites 

 Scarlet Macaw in-depth research article.
 Tambopata Macaw project  long term research project in south east Peru
 World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia — Species Profiles
 Scarlet macaw videos on the Internet Bird Collection
 Page of photographs of Scarlet and green-winged macaws at a clay lick from Parrots International
 Scarlet macaw photo on PBase
 Stamps (15 countries) with RangeMap

 Ara macao conservation and reintroduction in Costa Rica
 Scarlet macaw in illegal traffic in Nicaragua
 The Scarlet Macaw Genome Project

True parrots
Vulgar Latin

Vulgar Latin, or Common Latin, is one of the two types of Latin. Latin is an old language that was spoken by the Romans. Vulgar Latin is not spoken anymore, but its many dialects eventually became what are now Romance languages (such as Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Romanian). Vulgar Latin was spoken by the regular people ("vulgus" in Latin means "common"): farmers, workers and those without a great deal of education.

Origin 
Classical Latin is the type of Latin that was first spoken by the Romans. As time went by, fewer and fewer people spoke Classical Latin, and in the end the language changed to become Vulgar Latin. After a while, only scholars spoke Classical Latin. Books were still written in it. Nobody speaks Latin anymore except for people who study it and the Roman Catholic Church's officials.

Grammar 
Vulgar Latin is similar to Classical Latin but has some differences in pronunciation and vocabulary. Latin has 5 basic noun cases.

Other websites 
 Grandgent, Charles Hall, An introduction to vulgar Latin (1907) (.pdf, .djvu) on www.archive.org

Ancient Rome
Latin language
Snoring

Snoring is the noise that people often make when they are sleeping. It is often caused by a blocked nose or throat. The noise is often loud, as it is made by air passing through the nasal passages, the nostrils, or the throat.

Sleep
Life on Mars (TV series)

Life on Mars is an award winning British science fiction and police drama television series. It was first broadcast on BBC One between January 2006 and April 2007.

The programme tells the story of DCI Sam Tyler of the Manchester Police (played by John Simm), after being hit by a car in 2006, he is in the year 1973. There, he works for Manchester Police CID as a DI under DCI Gene Hunt (played by Philip Glenister). Over the course of the series, Tyler faces various problems, most frequently regarding the differences between his modern approach to policing and the more old-fashioned way of his colleagues. It is unclear whether he is insane, in a coma, or if he really has travelled back in time.

Other websites 

2006 British television series debuts
2007 British television series endings
2000s British drama television series
2000s British workplace television series
2000s workplace drama television series
BBC Television programmes
British crime drama television series
British science fiction television series
British workplace drama television series
Police television series
Television series set in Manchester
Time travel television series
English-language television programs
Ashes to Ashes (TV series)

Ashes to Ashes is a British television crime drama series set in London. It is a sequel to the 2006-2007 series Life on Mars. It is a Kudos Film & Television production for the BBC, and was broadcast on BBC One. It was first shown on 7 February 2008.

Philip Glenister, who plays Gene Hunt, has said in an interview that "he does not think any show featuring his character should be made afterwards."

The second series was broadcast from 20 April - 8 June 2009. The third, final series was shown from 2 April to 21 May 2010.

References

Other websites 

2008 British television series debuts
2010 British television series endings
2000s British drama television series
2000s British workplace television series
2000s crime television series
2000s science fiction television series
2000s workplace drama television series
2010s British drama television series
2010s British workplace television series
2010s crime television series
2010s science fiction television series
2010s workplace drama television series
BBC Television programmes
British crime drama television series
British science fiction television series
British workplace drama television series
Police television series
Television series set in London
Time travel television series
English-language television programs
John Simm

John Ronald Simm (born 10 July 1970 in Leeds, West Riding of Yorkshire) is an English actor and musician. He grew up mainly in Lancashire. His roles include two BAFTA award-winning BBC Wales dramas: as Sam Tyler in the drama Life on Mars and as the Master in the long-running science fiction series Doctor Who. He has appeared in many popular television dramas such as The Lakes, State of Play and two BAFTA award-winning serials; Clocking Off and Sex Traffic. His movie roles include Human Traffic and 24 Hour Party People. He was nominated for the Olivier and Theatergoer's Choice Award for the best Actor 2008. 

Besides acting, Simm was a founding member, songwriter and guitarist with the rock band Magic Alex.

Personal life
Simm married actress Kate Magowan in April 2004 in the Forest of Dean. They have a son and a daughter. Simm is a strong supporter of Manchester United.

Filmography

Television

Movies

Theatre

References

1970 births
Living people
Actors from Lancashire
Actors from Yorkshire
English movie actors
English television actors
Musicians from Lancashire
Musicians from West Yorkshire
People from Leeds
Butters Stotch

Leopold "Butters" Stotch (voiced by Matt Stone) is a popular fictional character in the animated television series South Park. His nickname is a play on the word butterscotch. The creators have said in more than one DVD commentaries that Butters is one of their "top 3 favorite characters". Butters is based on Eric Stough, the animation director of the show.

References

Fictional characters introduced in 1997
South Park characters

da:Elever på South Park Elementary#Leopold "Butters" Stotch
Stan Marsh

Stanley Randall "Stan" Marsh is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park. He is voiced by  the series co-creator Trey Parker. He is also one of the four main characters in the series with Eric Cartman, Kenny McCormick, and Kyle Broflovski. Stan is usually known as the serious and sensitive person of the group. Stan is able to think clearly and is good-natured. Stan usually tries to come up with logical solutions to their outrageous situations.

Stan's character is loosely based on the personality of co-creator Trey Parker. He is best friends with Kyle Broflovski and their friendship is important in several episodes, such as when he saves Kyle's life in "Cherokee Hair Tampons", "Cartmanland" and "Super Best Friends". He has a girlfriend, Wendy Testaburger.

Character
Stan lives in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. He and his friends are fourth graders and go to the same elementary school. He lives with his father Randy Marsh who is a geologist, his mother Sharon Marsh, and his older sister Shelley who usually abuses him. He also has asthma. Stan is modeled after his voice actor Trey Parker, and has the same birthday with him on October 19.

References

Other websites
 South Park Studios 
 South Park Wikia

Comedy movie characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1992
South Park characters

ja:サウスパークの登場人物#主要人物