cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen

Adolph Cornelis 'Dolf' van Bruggen (9 July 1929 – 3 June 2016) was a Dutch malacologist, entomologist and botanist. His works were about the tropics and tropical Africa. His career lasted over 50 years. He was an expert especially in the land snail families Streptaxidae, Achatinidae and Maizaniidae. As of 2008, he had written some 655 scientific publications.

References

Other websites
 Articles by A. C. van Bruggen  at Naturalis Digital Repository

1929 births
2016 deaths
Botanists
Dutch scientists
Writers from The Hague
Zoologists
Gil Bartosh

Gilbert C. Bartosh, Sr. (May 21, 1930 – June 4, 2016) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) from 1974 to 1975, with a record of 6–28.

He was born in Granger, Texas. He died in Liberty Hill, Texas, aged 86.

References

1930 births
2016 deaths
American football players
Sportspeople from Texas
Villefranche-d'Albigeois

Villefranche-d'Albigeois is a commune in the Tarn department of France.

Related pages
Communes of the Tarn department

References
INSEE

Other websites
 

Communes in Tarn
Sulabha Deshpande

Sulabha (or Sulbha) Deshpande (; 1937 – 4 June 2016) was an Indian movie, theatre and television actress and theatre director. She was known for her roles in Bhumika (1977),  Arvind Desai Ki Ajeeb Dastaan (1978) and Gaman (1978).

Deshpande died on 4 June 2016 from a long-illness in Mumbai at the age of 78 or 79.

References

Other websites
 Awishkar website
 
 Sulabha Deshpande at Bollywood Hungama

1937 births
2016 deaths
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Actors from Mumbai
Villefranche

Villefranche may refer to:

Places in France
 Villefranche, Gers, Gers department
 Villefranche, Yonne, Yonne department
 Villefranche-d'Albigeois, Tarn department
 Villefranche-d'Allier, Allier department
 Villefranche-de-Conflent, Pyrénées-Orientales department
 Villefranche-de-Lauragais, Haute-Garonne department
 Villefranche-de-Lonchat, Dordogne department
 Villefranche-de-Panat, Aveyron department
 Villefranche-de-Rouergue, Aveyron department
 Villefranche-du-Périgord, Dordogne department
 Villefranche-du-Queyran, Lot-et-Garonne department
 Villefranche-le-Château, Drôme department
 Villefranche-sur-Cher, Loir-et-Cher department
 Villefranche-sur-Mer, Alpes-Maritimes department
 Villefranche-sur-Saône, Rhône department
 Villefranche, former municipality, now part of Saulmory-et-Villefranche, Meuse department
Antti Hyry

Antti Kalevi Hyry (20 October 1931 – 4 June 2016) was a Finnish writer. He won the Eino Leino Prize in 2005. For his 2009 book Uuni (Oven), Hyry won the Finlandia Prize, Finland's premier prize for literature.

Hyry was born in Kuivaniemi. He is married to Maija Hyry. He died in Espoo, aged 84.

References

1931 births
2016 deaths
Finnish writers
Lois Duncan

Lois Duncan Steinmetz (April 28, 1934 – June 15, 2016), known as Lois Duncan, was an American writer of children's books. She was best known for young-adult novels of suspense. She wrote two early novels under the pen name Lois Kerry.

Duncan won the 1992 Margaret Edwards Award from the American Library Association for her contribution in writing for teens.

On June 15, 2016, at the age of 82, Duncan died at home in South Sarasota, Florida from complications of a stroke.

References

1934 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American children's writers
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from Florida
Iron ore

Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be got.  

Ores with high quantities of hematite or magnetite (more than about 60% iron) are known as "natural ore" or "direct shipping ore". They can be fed directly into iron-making blast furnaces.

Iron (Fe) is one of the most abundant rock-forming elements. It makes up about 5% of the Earth's crust. It is the second most abundant and widely distributed metal (Aluminium is the most common). People have used it for more than 3,000 years. However, its use only became widespread in the 14th century, when smelting furnaces (the forerunner of blast furnaces) began to replace forges.

Iron is made in the runaway fusion and explosion of type Ia supernovae. It was picked up as the Sun moved through areas where supernovae had exploded. All higher elements on Earth have this origin.

Iron is abundant on the ancient continents, but not so on island chains formed by volcanoes (Japan, Hawaii). That reflects the difference between the continental crust (which has many rare and common elements), and the island chains formed by volcanism (oceanic islands). They have basalt, and very little else. Islands which were once part of a supercontinent usually carry heavy element ore. The classic example is the British Isles, which are a snapped-off part of the large ancient continent, the Old Red Sandstone Continent (Larussia). Consequently, the British Isles has a very wide range of metallic ores, whereas Hawaii and the Japanese archopelago do not.

The main source of ore for the steel used in modern Japan comes from Western Australia.

Iron ores 
The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in colour from dark grey, bright yellow, deep purple, to rusty red. 

magnetite (, 72.4% Fe)
hematite (, 69.9% Fe)
goethite (, 62.9% Fe) 
limonite ()  
siderite (, 48.2% Fe)

References 

Iron compounds
Ores
Beijing Guoan F.C.

Beijing Guoan F.C. (Chinese: 北京国安; Pinyin: Běijīng Guó'ān) is a Chinese professional association football club based in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, China. The club currently plays in the Chinese Super League. Beijing Guoan also plays in the Workers' Stadium (which has a capacity of 66,161 people).

The club was formed professionally on 29 December 1992 as the Beijing Football Club, and they have won many titles since.

Honours 

All-time honours list including semi-professional Beijing period.
 Chinese Super League
Winners: 2009
Runners Up (2): 2011, 2014
 Chinese Jia-A League
Winners (5): 1957, 1958, 1973, 1982, 1984

 Chinese FA Cup
Winners (4): 1985, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2018

 Chinese FA Super Cup
Winners (2): 1997, 2003

Other websites 

 Official website 
 Stats on Sohu  
 Stats on Sina 
 Beijing Guoan Youth Football Development

References 

Chinese football clubs
1992 establishments in Asia
Sport in Beijing
1990s establishments in China
Shandong Taishan F.C.

Shandong Luneng Taishan Football Club (Chinese: 山东鲁能泰山;Traditional Chinese: 山東魯能泰山; Pinyin: Shāndōng Lǔnéng Tàishān) is a Chinese professional association football club based in Jinan, Shandong, China. The club currently plays in the Chinese Super League. Shandong Luneng Taishan also plays in the Jinan Olympic Sports Center Stadium (which has a seating capacity of 56,808 people).

The club was formed professionally on 2 December 1993 and was previously called the Shandong Provincial team. The club has since won many domestic titles.

Honours 

Chinese Super League(2004- ):
 Winners (3): 2006, 2008, 2010
 Runners Up: 2004,2013
 Third Place: 2005,2007,2015
Chinese Jia-A League (1994-2003) 
 Winners: 1999

Cup
Chinese FA Cup Winners: 
 Winners (5): 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2014
Chinese Super League Cup
 Winners (1): 2004
Chinese FA Super Cup
 Winners (1): 2015

Other websites 

 Official Site

References 

Chinese football clubs
1993 establishments in Asia
1990s establishments in China
2015 Chinese Super League

The 2015 Ping An Chinese Football Association Super League (Chinese: 2015中国平安中国足球协会超级联赛) was the 12th Chinese Super League season and was won by Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao.

Clubs

Table 

Below shows the results of the tournament.

Statistics

Top scorers

References 

Football leagues
Football in China
Graben, Switzerland

Graben, Switzerland is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

Villages
Baumgarten, Burach, Gsoll, Hubel, Kleinholz, Schörlishäusern, Schwendi and Stadönz.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of Bern
Grafenried, Switzerland

Grafenried is a former municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Grafenried, Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Limpach, Mülchi, Schalunen and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.

Former municipalities of Bern
Haute-Ajoie

Haute-Ajoie is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Chevenez, Damvant, Réclère and Roche-d'Or merged into the new municipality of Haute-Ajoie. On 1 January 2018 the former municipality of Rocourt merged into the municipality of Haute-Ajoie.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

2009 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Jura
Silenen

Silenen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It has an area of .

Villages
Amsteg, Bristen, Dägerlohn, Dörfli, Maderanerthal, Ried and Rusli.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Uri
Sisikon

Sisikon is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It has an area of .Sisikon, the gateway to Canton Uri, lies on the delta of the Riemenstalderbach stream on the eastern shore of the Urnersee, the southernmost arm of the Vierwaldstättersee.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities of Uri
Spiringen

Spiringen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It has an area of .

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Uri
Unterschächen

Unterschächen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It is in the upper Schächental. It has an area of .

Villages
Urigen, Schwanden, Schwandenbergen, Brunni and Klausenpass.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities of Uri
Wassen

Wassen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It has an area of .

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Uri
Grandval, Switzerland

Grandval is a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Bern
Alvaschein

Alvaschein () is a former municipality of the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Alvaschein, Alvaneu, Brienz/Brinzauls, Mon, Stierva, Surava and Tiefencastel merged into the new municipality of Albula/Alvra.

Other websites

 Official Website  

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Andeer

Andeer () is a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Clugin and Pignia merged into the municipality of Andeer.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Grossaffoltern

Grossaffoltern is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

Villages
Ammerzwil, Kaltenbrunnen, Kosthofen, Ottiswil, Suberg, Vorimholz and Weingarten.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of Bern
This Is What You Came For

"This Is What You Came For" is a song written and produced by Scottish DJ Calvin Harris.  It features Rihanna.  The song was released on May 1, 2016, via digital outlets.  The song has reached number one in Canada and Australia, number two in the United Kingdom, and the top five in the United States.  In the U.S., "This Is What You Came For" entered the Billboard Hot 100 chart at number nine.  It later reached number three there and was certified triple-Platinum by the RIAA.  The song is Rihanna's 28th top-ten song in the U.S.  The song reached number 17 on the year-end Hot 100 of 2016 in the US.

Harris' ex-girlfriend, American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, co-wrote the song under the name Nils Sjöberg.  BMI, which publishes a list of songwriting credits, changed the name to Swift's real name.

Music video 
The music video for the song was released at midnight (Eastern daylight time) on June 17, 2016.  It shows Rihanna wearing a black ponytail and a large gray sweater. She dances inside of a white cube with changing backgrounds.  The scenes of fields are similar to those that are in the music video for "We Found Love", which is also a collaboration between Rihanna and Harris.  Some critics viewed the changing colors and cube background to be similar to the music video for Canadian rapper Drake's 2015 single "Hotline Bling".

The music video won the award for Best Male Video at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards on August 28, 2016.

References

2016 songs
Calvin Harris songs
Dance songs
Rihanna songs
Grosshöchstetten

Grosshöchstetten is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018 the former municipality of Schlosswil merged into the municipality of Grosshöchstetten.

References 

Municipalities of Bern
Gsteig bei Gstaad

Gsteig bei Gstaad is a municipality in the administrative district of Obersimmental-Saanen in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Hotel for Dogs

Hotel for Dogs (1971) is a children's novel by Lois Duncan. It was made into a movie of the same name by Nickelodeon Movies for DreamWorks Pictures. When the book was originally released in 1971, Andi's name was Liz, and Friday's name was Sadie. The book was re-released December 1, 2008, to promote the movie with the names changed.

Two sequels were released: News for Dogs in 2009 and Movie for Dogs in 2010.

1971 books
Exothermic reaction

An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction where the substances reacting release energy as heat. An example of this is combustion. Exothermic reactions transfer energy to the surroundings.   The reaction that does the complete opposite (it absorbs heat) is an endothermic reaction.

The energy is usually transferred as heat energy, causing the reaction mixture and its surroundings to become hotter. The temperature increase can be detected using a thermometer. Some examples of exothermic reactions are: 
burning
respiration
neutralisation reactions between acids and alkalis
the reaction between water and calcium oxide

Thermodynamics
Chemical reactions
Endothermic reaction

An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings. The opposite of an endothermic reaction is an exothermic reaction. Reversible reactions are where the products can react to remake the original reactants. The energy is usually transferred as heat energy: the reaction absorbs heat. The temperature decrease can sometimes be detected using a thermometer. Some examples of endothermic reactions are:

 Photosynthesis
 Reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate
 Dissolving ammonium chloride in water
 Thermal decomposition

Chemical reactions
Banana split

A banana split is a type of dessert. It is made with ice cream, sliced bananas, and usually toppings. The toppings often include flavored sauces, whipped cream, nuts, and most notably a cherry on top of the dessert.

One banana split has 893 calories.

History

There are a few different stories about the first banana split. People in Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Wilmington, Ohio say that the first banana split was made in their city. However, most people say that David "Doc" Strickler made the first banana split in the city of Latrobe, Pennsylvania in 1904. He sold the first banana splits for ten cents. Many students at St. Vincent College, a school in Latrobe, liked the banana splits and told their friends in other cities about them. After a few years, the banana split was popular in many cities in the United States.

References

Other websites

Ice cream
List of comuni of the Province of Ancona

The following is a list of the 47 comuni of the Province of Ancona, Marche, in Italy.

References
Hawthorn Football Club

Hawthorn Football Club, known as the "Hawks", is a team in the Australian Football League. In the 21st century, they have won four premierships in 2008, 2013, 2014 and 2015. Their home ground is the Melbourne Cricket Ground. The coach Alastair Clarkson, is a former student at Ballarat and Clarendon College student.

Australian Football League
Football clubs
Andiast

Andiast is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Andiast
 

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Ardez

Ardez () is a former municipality of the district of Inn in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Ardez, Ftan, Guarda, Sent and Tarasp merged into the municipality of Scuol.

Other websites

 Official website of Ardez

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Arosa

Arosa is a municipality and a ski resort in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Lüen, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Arosa 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Ski areas and resorts in Switzerland
Gsteigwiler

Gsteigwiler is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Guggisberg

Guggisberg (Bernese German: Guggishbärg []) is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of Bern
Arvigo

Arvigo is a former municipality in the district of Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Arvigo, Braggio, Cauco and Selma merged into the new municipality of Calanca.

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Gündlischwand

Gündlischwand is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Breggia, Switzerland

Breggia is a new municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was created on 25 October 2009 when the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged to form the new municipality of Breggia.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

2009 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Ticino
Cugnasco-Gerra

Cugnasco-Gerra is a municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2008 the former municipalities of Cugnasco and Gerra (Verzasca) merged into the new municipality of Cugnasco-Gerra.

References

Other websites 

 Cugnasco-Gerra 
 
 

2008 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Ticino
The Sweet Escape (song)

"The Sweet Escape" is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her second studio album of the same name (2006). It was written by Stefani, Akon, and Giorgio Tuinfort. Akon was featured on the song and also produced and created the songs beat. As both Stefani and Akon wrote the song, Stefani was surprised how the song ended up as it was a doo-wop song and not a hip hop song.

Track listings
 UK and German CD single
 "The Sweet Escape" (featuring Akon) – 4:06
 "Hollaback Girl" (Harajuku Lovers Live Version) – 4:49
 Australian and German CD maxi single
 "The Sweet Escape" (featuring Akon) – 4:06
 "Hollaback Girl" (Harajuku Lovers Live Version) – 4:49
 "Wind It Up" (Robots to Mars Remix) – 3:34
 "The Sweet Escape" (video) – 4:05
 US 12" single
A1. "The Sweet Escape" (Konvict Remix) (featuring Akon) – 4:03
A2. "The Sweet Escape" (Album Version) (featuring Akon) – 4:06
B1. "The Sweet Escape" (Konvict Instrumental) – 4:03
B2. "The Sweet Escape" (Album Version Instrumental) – 4:06
B3. "The Sweet Escape" (Album Version Acappella) – 3:51
 Digital download – Konvict Remix
 "The Sweet Escape" (Konvict Remix) (featuring Akon) – 4:01

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Sweet Escape.

 Gwen Stefani – lead vocals, songwriting
 Akon – keyboards, production, programming, songwriting, vocals
 Yvan Bing – assistant engineering
 Alex Dromgoole – assistant engineering
 Bojan Dugic – recording
 David Emery – assistant engineering
 Brian "Big Bass" Gardner – mastering

 Mark "Exit" Goodchild – recording
 Keith Gretlein – recording
 Tony Love – guitar
 Kevin Mills – recording
 Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
 Giorgio Tuinfort – co-production, keyboards, programming, songwriting

Charts

Weekly charts

References

2006 songs
Gwen Stefani songs
R&B songs
Masada

Masada (in Hebrew: מצדה - metsada means: fortress) is an archaeological site, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Masada is an ancient fortification in the Southern District of Israel. It is on top of an isolated rock plateau, like a mesa. The rock is on the east of the Judaean Desert, and overlooks the Dead Sea.

Herod the Great fortified Masada between 37 and 31 BC, and built palaces for himself on the mountain. 

According to Josephus, the Sicarii, a splinter group of the Hebrew Zealots, held out against a Roman legion here.  This was the Siege of Masada at the end of the First Jewish–Roman War. The seige ended in the mass suicide of 960 people – the rebels and their families.

The hill is 63 meters above the sea level and 450 above the dead sea level near Mount Elazar.

References

Other websites 

Masada photos
Masada page on Israeli National Park website 

Archaeological sites in Israel
World Heritage Sites in Asia
Cave of the Patriarchs

The Cave of the Patriarchs, also called the Cave of Machpelah (Hebrew: מערת המכפלה,  , trans. "cave of the double tombs") and known by Muslims as the Sanctuary of Abraham or the Ibrahimi Mosque (, ) is an archaeological site in Hebron, Israel. According to the Jewish tradition it is the site of the graves of Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca, Jacob and Leah. These graves have been buried under a church built in the Byzantine Period in Israel, and which is now used as a mosque.

Other websites 

 Official Website (Israeli) 
 Cave of the Patriarchs
 The Cave of Machpelah Tomb of the Patriarch Jewish Virtual Library
 Tombs of the Patriarchs Article and Photos Sacred Destinations
 Demands for Equal Rights for the Jewish People at Ma'arat HaMachpela  Hebron.org.il
 Aerial Photograph Google Maps
 
 Bible Land Library 
 Photos and Diagram of Underground at Caves of Machpela

Archaeological sites in Israel
History of Palestine
West Bank
Dongio

Dongio is a village and former municipality in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

In 2004 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Castro, Corzoneso, Largario, Leontica, Lottigna, Marolta, Ponto Valentino and Prugiasco to form a new and larger municipality Acquarossa.

Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Leontica

Leontica is a village and municipality in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

In 2004 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Castro, Corzoneso, Dongio, Largario, Lottigna, Marolta, Ponto Valentino and Prugiasco to form a new and larger municipality of Acquarossa.

Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Fusio

Fusio is a village and former municipality in the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

In 2004 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Broglio, Brontallo, Menzonio, Peccia and Prato-Sornico to form a new and larger municipality of Lavizzara.

Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Gurbrü

Gurbrü () is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Arch, Switzerland

Arch is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Nablus

Nablus (  ,  , Biblical Shechem ISO 259-3 Škem,  Νeapolis) is a Palestinian city in the Samaria Mountains, in a Valley between "Mount Ebal (the mount of the blessing) in the south and "Mount Gerizim (the mount of the curse)" in the north. Nablus was the first Jewish city in the world and Joseph the son of Jacob was barried in the eastern side of the city. according to the Jewish tradition the city of Nablus was the first jewish City in the world.

the Samaritan 
a small comunity of Samaritan is living in the south of the city in a neighbourhood called: "Kiryat Luza" next to Mount Gerizim.

Gallery

Other websites  

 
 A site explaining the reasons for the devastated Palestinian economy 
 Nablus the Culture, reviving cultural life in Nablus
 Nablus after Five Years of Conflict December 2005 report by OCHA (PDF).
 Archaeological Remains Found in Nablus
 Picture showing Nablus from east (Panorama) 
 Picture showing east region of Nablus (Panorama) – The picture taken from Askar 
 Bahjat Sabri, "Urban Aspects in the City of Nablus in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century" An-Najah University Journal for Research - Humanities, Volume 6 (1992)

Cities in the West Bank
The Museum of Philistine Culture

The Corinne Mamane Museum of Philistine Culture () is an archaeological museum in Ashdod, Israel. It explores the culture of the Philistines that lived in the area of the city. The museum is the only museum in the world dedicated to the Philistines culture. It was the first museum that opened in Ashdod in 1990.

Corinne Mamane was a Jewish student born in Casablanca in Morocco. She was killed in 1984 in a car accident in France during her university studies.

The museum has 3 floors. The first is an exhibition of the Philistines culture. The second is for changing exhibitions. The third floor is dedicated to the "Philistines Kitchen" by exploring the food culture of the Aegean sea.

Gallery

Other websites 

  Corinne Mamane Museum of Philistine Culture 

1990 establishments
Museums in Israel
1990s establishments in Israel
Abrahams Well International Visitors Center

The Abraham's Well International Visitors Center is an archaeological museum and convention center in Beer Sheva, Israel. It was opened in 2013 on the site of Abraham's Well. The center is near the Old city of Beer Sheva and Nahal Beer Sheva on the road to Eilat. The well was discovered in the 19th century by Edward Robinson and Henry Baker Tristram. In 1897, a Beduin sheikh built an Arabian structure above the well to take over the place. In the Ottoman Period, a Bustan was grown next to the well. According to the Jewish Bible, in the place of the well Abraham signed a peace agreement with Abimelech, the king of the Philistines.

Gallery

Other websites 

https://www.facebook.com/pg/AbrahamswellBR7/about/?ref=page_internal (May appear in Hebrew only)

Abrahams Well International Visitors Center  (Dead link as of 06 May, 2019)

Beer Sheba
Archaeological sites in Israel
2013 establishments in Asia
Museums in Israel
2010s establishments in Israel
Esino

The Esino () is a river in the Marche region of central Italy. It is one of the most important river in the región because the size of its drainage basin.

There is another river, but smaller, in the Province of Lecco, Lombardy.

Geography
The Esino river has a length of about  and a drainage basin with an area of .

Course
The source of the Esino is in the sides of the Monte Caffagio, comune of Esanatoglia (province of Macerata) near the border with the province of Ancona, at an altitude of about .

The river flows east past Esanatoglia and curves north by Matelica before crossing the border into the province of Ancona near Cerreto d'Esi. The river continues flowing north before curving northeast near Genga. It then flows near Serra San Quirico, Maiolati Spontini, Castelplanio, Castelbellino, Jesi, Chiaravalle and Montemarciano.

Finally, it flows into the Adriatic Sea in the Fiumesino near Falconara Marittima.

Its drainage basin is mainly in the province of Ancona but it also covers part of the province of Macerata and a small part of the province  of Perugia (Umbria).

Main tributaries
The main tributaries of Ensino river areː
 Giano (24 km long), that begins in the Fabriano comune and flows into the Ensino in Borgo Tufico, part of Fabriano.
 Sentino, that begins in Umbria.
 Esinante.

Related pages
 List of rivers of Italy

References 

Marche
Rivers of Italy
Data corruption

Data corruption is errors in computer data that happens while the computer is reading, writing, storing, transmitting or processing the data. Such errors introduce unintended changes to the original data. 

If data corruption happens in a file, unexpected results will happen when accessed by the system or an application; such results may range from a minor loss of data to a system crash. For example, if a Microsoft Word file is corrupted, when a person tries to open that file with Microsoft Word, they may get an error message. That means that person will get either a file that cannot be opened or a file with a minor loss of data.

One of the ways this can happen is if a power shortage happens while saving the document, the computer cannot power down properly and the file becomes corrupted. 

Hackers can also corrupt data, be it accidentally or on purpose. 

Data input
Computer science
Anton Yelchin

Anton Viktorovich Yelchin (; March 11, 1989 – June 19, 2016) was a Soviet-born American movie, television and voice actor.

Starring role in the 2013 movie, "Odd Thomas".

Early life
Yelchin was born in Leningrad, present-day Saint Petersburg, Russia. His family was Jewish. His family moved to Tarzana, California as refugees. He studied at Sherman Oaks Center for Enriched Studies and at the University of Southern California.

Career
His career began in 2000. He was in the movies Along Came a Spider and Hearts in Atlantis (both 2001). His role as Jacob Clarke in the Steven Spielberg miniseries Taken was his most famous role as a child actor. 

He later appeared on the television series Huff and starred in the movies Terminator Salvation (2009), Charlie Bartlett (2007), Fright Night (2011), Like Crazy (2011) and Only Lovers Left Alive (2013). 

Yelchin was best known for portraying Pavel Chekov in the Star Trek reboot series, appearing in Star Trek (2009) and Star Trek Into Darkness (2013), and will appear in Star Trek Beyond (2016).

Death
On the morning of June 19, 2016, Yelchin was found by friends crushed between his car and the iron security gate of his Studio City, Los Angeles home. It was described as a "freak accident". He was pronounced dead later that day at the age of 27.

References

Other websites

 
 
 

1989 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Actors from Saint Petersburg
Road accident deaths in California
Russian movie actors
Russian television actors
Sweat lodge

The sweat lodge (also called purification ceremony or simply sweat) is a hut, typically dome-shaped and made with natural materials. It used by Native Americans for ceremonial steambaths and prayer. Sweat lodges were largely a reaction to the influences of European culture with its negative effects on Native Americans. 

There are several styles of structures used in different cultures. These include a domed or oblong hut similar to a wickiup, a permanent structure made of wood and earth, or even a simple hole dug into the ground and covered with wood. Stones are typically heated and then water poured over them to create steam. In ceremonial usage, these ritual actions are accompanied by traditional prayers and songs.

Native Americans in many regions use the sweat lodge. For example, Chumash peoples of the central coast of California build sweat lodges in coastal areas in association with habitation sites. The ancient Mesoamerican tribes of Mexico, such as the Aztec and Olmec, practiced a sweat bath ceremony known as temazcal as a religious rite of penance and purification.

References 

Native American
Ceremonies
Ponto Valentino

Ponto Valentino is a village and former municipality in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

In 2004 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Castro, Corzoneso, Dongio, Largario, Leontica, Lottigna, Marolta and Prugiasco to form a new and larger municipality of Acquarossa.

Villages in Ticino
Former municipalities of Ticino
Guttannen

Guttannen is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities of Bern
Habkern

Habkern is a municipality of the administrative district Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Homepage of Habkern 

Municipalities of Bern
Ernesto Maceda

Ernesto Madarang Maceda (March 26, 1935 – June 20, 2016) was a Filipino columnist and a politician. He served as a Senator from 1971 to 1972 and again from 1987 to 1998. He served as Senate President from 1996 to 1998.

Maceda died of multiple organ failure at a hospital in Quezon City, Philippines on the night of June 20, 2016, aged 81.

References

Other websites
Official Website of the Philippine Senate – Sen. Ernesto Maceda, PhD

1935 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Presidents of the Senate of the Philippines
Presidents pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines
Minority leaders of the Senate of the Philippines
Odometer

An odometer or odograph is an instrument that shows the distance traveled by a vehicle, such as a bicycle or automobile. It can be electronic, mechanical, or a combination of the two. The name comes from the Greek words hodós ("path" or "gateway") and métron ("measure"). It is sometimes called a mileometer or milometer. The odometer could either be mechanical, electronic or a combination of both. In some countries, odometers are also popularly known as mileometer or tripometer. 

An Odometer was first developed for wagons and other horse-drawn vehicles in the 1600s for measuring the distances they travelled. The first odometer for an automobile was developed by Arthur P. and Charles H. Warner of Beloit, Wisconsin which appeared in 1903 and was soon patented as the Auto-Meter.

References

Measuring tools
Galícia Esporte Clube

Galícia Esporte Clube is a football club which plays in Salvador da Bahía, Brazil.

Honors 
Bahia League Championship (Campeonato Baiano)

Champion: 1937, 1941, 1942, 1943 and 1968.

Runner-up: 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1967, 1980, 1982 and 1995.

Bahia League Championship Second Level (Campeonato Baiano Segunda Divisão)

Champion: 1985, 1988 and 2013.

Runner-up: 2007.

Northeast Zone of the North-Northeast Cup (Copa Norte-Nordeste)

Runner-up: 1969.

Other websites 
 Galícia Esporte – Official Site 

Brazilian football clubs
Salvador, Bahia
1933 establishments
1930s establishments in Brazil
Hagneck

Hagneck is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Bern
Hasle bei Burgdorf

Hasle bei Burgdorf is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Hasle bei Burgdorf 

Municipalities of Bern
Wakarusa War

The Wakarusa War was a skirmish that happened in Kansas Territory. It started on November 21st, and it ended on December 8th, 1885. It was part of the Bleeding Kansas violence. It happened mostly in Lawrence and the Wakarusa River Valley.

Summary 
The events that led to the Wakarusa War started on November 21, 1855.  A Free-Stater named Charles Dow was shot and killed by pro-slavery settler Franklin N. Coleman. The two had been involved in a land dispute at a place called Hickory Point, south of Lawrence. Four hours after the shooting the property owner, Jacob Branson, recovered Dow’s body. Abolitionists then set fire to several pro-slavery cabins. When the (pro-slavery) Douglas County Sheriff, Samuel Jones, learned about what happened at Hickory Point, he led a posse to the area to restore order. But Jones did not arrest Coleman. Instead, he arrested the property owner (and abolitionist leader) Jacob Branson. But while taking Branson to jail, an abolitionist party stopped them and freed Branson. The Sheriff then assembled about 1,500 Missouri Border Ruffians to put down what he called an insurrection. The Missourians camped along the Wakarusa River while they made plans to invade Lawrence.

Siege 
Before coming to Lawrence, the bushwhackers had broken into the United States Arsenal at Liberty, Missouri, and stolen guns, swords, a cannon and ammunition. In Lawrence, John Brown and James Lane had mustered Free-State settlers into a defending army and erected barricades. No attack on Lawrence was made. It was the first time armies from Missouri and Kansas faced each other. It was demanded free-staters obey the laws and give up their weapons. But they replied they had broken no laws and had the right to bear arms. The only fatal casualty occurring during the siege was of a Free-State man named Thomas Barber. On December 6, 1855 he was shot and killed by George W. Clark, the Indian agent, on a road four miles outside of Lawrence.

References

Other websites 
 History of the State of Kansas by William G. Cutler (1883)
 1912 article on Wakarusa War
 "Burial of Barber" at Bartleby.com

Bleeding Kansas
1850s in Kansas
1855
Lawrence, Kansas
Lecompton, Kansas

Lecompton (pronounced ) is a city in Douglas County, Kansas, United States.  In 2010, there were 625 people there. Lecompton had a big historical role in pre-Civil War America as the territorial capital of Kansas from 1855 to 1861.  This time period was known as Bleeding Kansas.

History 
Lecompton was founded in 1854 on a bluff on the south side of the Kansas River. At first, the city's name was "Bald Eagle", but the name was changed to Lecompton in honor of Samuel Lecompte, the chief justice of the territorial supreme court. In the spring of 1855, the town became the capital of the Kansas Territory.  President James Buchanan chose a governor and officials to create government offices in Lecompton. The first post office in Lecompton was created in September 1855.

In the fall of 1857 a convention met in Constitution Hall. They drafted the famous Lecompton Constitution, which would have made Kansas become a slave state. The constitution was rejected after angry national debate and was one of the main ideas of the Lincoln-Douglas debates. The controversy added to the growing fight that became the civil war. The Lecompton Constitution failed, in part, because the antislavery people had control of the territorial legislature in the election of 1857. The new legislature met at Constitution Hall and quickly started to get rid of the pro-slavery laws.

The free-staters shortly tried to move the territorial capital to Minneola, Franklin County, Kansas through a vote, but the resulting bill was later rejected by Kansas territorial governor James W. Denver, and was made void by Jeremiah S. Black, Attorney General of the United States. As such, Lecompton remained the de jure territorial capital. This was until Topeka became the capital when Kansas became a state on January 29, 1861. The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861.

Geography
Lecompton is at  (39.042927, -95.395039).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which,  is land and  is water.

Climate
The climate in this area is has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.  According to the Köppen climate classification system, Lecompton has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Demographics

Lecompton is part of the Lawrence, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

References 

Cities in Douglas County, Kansas
1854 establishments in Kansas Territory
George Brett

George Howard Brett (born May 15, 1953 in Glen Dale, West Virginia) is a retired American baseball player. He played 21 years in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals. He is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame and was inducted in 1999 with a fourth-highest voting percentage in baseball history (98.2%). Brett was a third baseman and designated hitter.

Brett won the World Series with the Kansas City Royals in 1985.

In 1994, his number (#5) was retired  by the Royals. He is one of only two Royals players to have his number retired by the team (the other is Frank White).

Brett was also notorious for putting excessive amounts of pine tar on his bats, which sometimes led to confrontations and interventions with the umpires, as there is a league rule governing the use of pine tar on the bat.

He raises money for the disease ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or better known as Lou Gehrig's Disease.

References

1953 births
Living people
Kansas City Royals players
American baseball players
Sportspeople from West Virginia
National Baseball Hall of Fame members
Avers

Avers () is a municipality of the Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Bergün/Bravuogn

Bergün/Bravuogn (, , , in the local Romansh dialect Brauégn) is a former municipality in the district Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Bergün/Bravuogn and Filisur merged into the new municipality of Bergün Filisur.

Villages
Bergün, Latsch, Preda and Stuls.

Other websites

 Official website 

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Villa Epecuén

Villa Epecuén was a tourist village in Adolfo Alsina, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It was flooded in 1985, and was abandoned. Its ruins are on the eastern shore of the Laguna Epecuén, about  north of Carhué.

Images

References

Other websites

Villages
Settlements in Argentina
1985 disestablishments
Disestablishments in South America
Hasliberg

Hasliberg is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of Hasliberg 

Municipalities of Bern
Mountain biking

Mountain biking is the sport of riding bicycles off-road. Often this is done over rough terrain. Mountain biking uses specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes are similar to other bikes, but have features designed to make them stronger and hold up in rough terrain.

Mountain biking can generally be broken down into multiple categories. These include cross country, trail riding, all mountain (also referred to as "Enduro"), downhill, freeride and dirt jumping.  However, the majority of mountain biking falls into the categories of trail and cross country riding styles.

This individual sport requires the rider to have endurance, core strength and balance. The rider also needs bike handling skills, and self-reliance.  Advanced riders take on steep technical descents and high incline climbs. Mountain biking can be performed almost anywhere from a back yard to a gravel road, but the majority of mountain bikers ride off-road trails. Using the bike's brakes must be done carefully on a mountain bike, especially when going downhill. In order to work on rough terrain, mountain bikes have several gears from which to choose. It is recommended to use safety gear such as helmet, gloves, elbow and knee pads to avoid injuries in rough terrain. Mountain biking should be done so as to enjoy the ride but not damage the environment.

References

Other websites 
 quick stuffs
 International Mountain Biking - Groups by State 
 Off Road Use of Bicycles, Sierra Club

Cycling
Häutligen

Häutligen is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Neot Kedumim

Neot Kedumim - the Biblical Landscape Reserve in Israel ( is a Biblical garden dedicated to the Nature of the Jewish Bible and also a nature preserve located in Ben Shemen  Forest and near of the city "Modi'in" on Route 443 (Israel), between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, Israel.

Other websites 

  Neot Kedumim

Parks in Israel
Israeli culture
Pitch, yaw, and roll

Pitch, yaw and roll are the three dimensions of movement when an object moves through a medium. 

The terms may be used to describe an aeroplane's movements through the air. They are also applied to fish moving through water, and spacecraft moving through space.

There are in fact six degrees of freedom of a rigid body moving in three-dimensional space. 

As the movement along each of the three axes is independent of each other and independent of the rotation about any of these axes, the motion has six degrees of freedom (see diagram).

pitch nose up or tail up.

yaw nose moves from side to side

roll a circular (clockwise or anticlockwise) movement of the body as it moves forward

The surfaces of a plane and the fins of a fish have a similar function. They serve to adjust the object's attitude as it moves through the fluid. Submarines face the same dynamic control problems as fish do.

The subject is often taught under degrees of freedom (mechanics). This is the number of independent motions that are allowed to the body.

References 

Mechanics
Heatwave (band)

Heatwave is an international disco and funk band. The group was formed around 1975. Its most popular lineup was Americans Johnnie Wilder, Jr and Keith Wilder for vocals, Englishman Rod Temperton for the keyboards, Jamaican Eric Johns and Briton Roy Carter for guitar.

The group had hit singles, like "Boogie Nights" and "Always and Forever".

The group broke up in 1984. However, Heatwave got back together around 1988 and resumed releasing R&B music.

In 2002 the group released an extended remix of "Boogie Nights".

References

American R&B bands
1975 establishments in the United States
Someo

Someo is a village and former municipality of the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 4 April 2004 the former municipalities of Aurigeno, Coglio, Giumaglio, Lodano, Moghegno and Someo to form a new and larger municipality of Maggia.

The municipality has 258 people in 2003. It has an area of 32.73 km².

2004 disestablishments in Switzerland
Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Heiligenschwendi

Heiligenschwendi is a municipality in the administrative district of canton of Berne in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Bern
2003 European heat wave

The 2003 European heat wave was a natural disaster in Europe in July and August 2003. The heat led to the hottest summer on record since at least 1540. France was especially hard hit. The heat led to health crises in several countries. It combined with droughts to reduce crops in Southern Europe.

More than 70,000 people died in Europe. According to an Inserm study, nearly 19,000 people died in France. People also died in the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.

References

Heat wave
2003 in weather
2003 heat wave
2000s in France
August events
Disasters in France
Droughts
July events
Heimberg, Switzerland

Heimberg is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Bern
Heimenhausen

Heimenhausen is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee and Wanzwil merged into the municipality of Heimenhausen.

References

Municipalities of Bern
Heimiswil

Heimiswil is a municipality of the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Berne in Switzerland

References

Municipalities of Bern
Moghegno

Moghegno is a village and former municipality of the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

On 4 April 2004 the former municipalities of Aurigeno, Coglio, Giumaglio, Lodano, Moghegno and Someo to form a new and larger municipality of Maggia.

2004 disestablishments in Switzerland
Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Aurigeno

Aurigeno is a village and former municipality in the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

On 4 April 2004 the former municipalities of Aurigeno, Coglio, Giumaglio, Lodano, Moghegno and Someo to form a new and larger municipality of Maggia.

2004 disestablishments in Switzerland
Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Alberswil

Alberswil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Lucerne