cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Henry Fairfield Osborn

Henry Fairfield Osborn, Sr. FRS (August 8, 1857 – November 6, 1935) was an American geologist, paleontologist, and eugenist, and the president of the American Museum of Natural History for 25 years.

Osborn was one of the great dinosaur fossil hunters in the late 19th century. Osborn got a Sc.D. in paleontology from Princeton, and was Professor of Comparative Anatomy there  from 1883–1890. In 1891, Osborn was hired by Columbia University as a professor of zoology. At the same time, he got a position at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. He served there as the curator of a newly formed Department of Vertebrate Paleontology.

Osborn named Tyrannosaurus rex and Velociraptor, and many other dinosaurs. His biographer Ronald Rainger said he was "a first-rate science administrator and a third-rate scientist". Under his leadership, staff of the American Museum of Natural History worked on displays. The museum became one of the top exhibitions in the early twentieth century. As a result, the murals, habitat dioramas, and dinosaur mounts attracted millions of visitors, and inspired other museums to imitate. His decision to invest heavily in exhibitions angered curators, who hoped to spend more time on their own research.

References 

1857 births
1935 deaths
American geologists
American paleontologists
Eugenics
People from Connecticut
Princeton University alumni
Fairfield, Connecticut
Canada's Wonderland

Canada's Wonderland is a theme park in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. It opened in 1981. It is the largest theme park in Canada.

References

Theme parks in North America
Buildings and structures in Ontario
Six Flags America

Six Flags America is a theme park in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.

Other websites

Six Flags America official website

Six Flags amusement parks
Maryland
1974 establishments in the United States
Theme parks in the United States
20th-century establishments in Maryland
Pink elephant

Seeing pink elephants is a figure of speech, that is used to describe a hallucination which is caused by alcohol, or delirium tremens. Jack London was among the first to use the term, in 1913. In the autobiographical novel John Barleycorn, he describes one kind of alcoholic,  as "the man whom we all know, stupid, unimaginative, whose brain is bitten numbly by numb maggots; who walks generously with wide-spread, tentative legs, falls frequently in the gutter, and who sees, in the extremity of his ecstasy, blue mice and pink elephants. He is the type that gives rise to the jokes in the funny papers."  A reference to pink elephants occurs in the 1941 Disney animated film Dumbo. Dumbo, takes a drink of water from a bucket spiked with champagne and  begins to hallucinate singing and dancing elephants in a segment known as "Pink Elephants on Parade".

Pink elephants do exist in nature, as it is possible for albino elephants to be pink, as well as white.

References

Figures of speech
Literary terms
Fictional animals
Karim Findi

Karim Findi(1946 Dahuk  - Kurdistan Region - Iraq) author and Kurdish writer. <div>In 1974 graduated at University of Mosul – English Department. 

He has a lot of books in many subject such as politics, geography, language, literature, history in different language English, Kurdish, Arabic.

It was one of the founders of the Kurdistan Journalists Syndicate.

Was a chief Editor of Karwan Magazine, a secretary of Karwan Academic magazine and a chief Editor of Dijla magazine the first Latin Lettered Magazine,issued by Ministry of culture, Kurdistan Region.

References 

1946 births
Living people
Kurdish people
Unpredictable

Unpredictable is the second studio album by Jamie Foxx. The album was released on December 20, 2005. It was first studio album in 11 years.

2005 albums
Windows 10 Mobile

Windows 10 Mobile is a discontinued version of  Microsoft Windows Windows 10 operating system. Unlike the regular Windows 10, Windows 10 Mobile was meant to run on phones and tablet computers with screen sizes of 8 inches or smaller. These mobile devices used the ARM or IA-32 processor architectures.

Windows 10 Mobile worked closely together with Windows 10 for computers. Content would be synchronized across devices, apps made for Windows 10 on PCs, Android, and iOS could be remade to work on Windows 10 Mobile, and most high-end phones allowed the user to plug in their device to a computer monitor and use a "Computer-like" interface with a mouse and keyboard.

Many phones that ran on Windows Phone 8.1 were able to get a free upgrade to Windows 10 Mobile. It was up to manufacturers and carriers to issue the update. Certain features were not available on low-end or midrange devices.

Windows 10 Mobile came out on March 17, 2016. It was released shortly after Windows 10 for computers, which came out on July 29, 2015. In October 2017 Microsoft stopped active development of Windows 10 Mobile, except for security updates, because few people were using it.  Microsoft ceased providing security updates on January 14, 2020, the same day as for Windows 7.

References

Microsoft operating systems
Six Flags Discovery Kingdom

Six Flags Discovery Kingdom is a 135-acre (55 ha) animal theme park located in Vallejo, California. The park includes a variety of roller coasters and other amusement rides. It has a collection of animal exhibits and shows. Discovery Kingdom has been part of the Six Flags chain of amusement parks since 1999. Starting with Disney California Adventure, they had replaced

References

Six Flags amusement parks
Theme parks in California
Vallejo, California
1968 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in California
Six Flags Fiesta Texas

Six Flags Fiesta Texas is a theme park in San Antonio, Texas.

Texas
Six Flags amusement parks
Theme parks in the United States
Keller

Keller is a German family name. It means "cellar" or "basement". It is also a version of the Old Gaelic O'Ceileachair, which means 'companionable' or 'uxurious'.

People with the name Keller include Helen Keller and Marthe Keller.

Surnames
Six Flags New England

Six Flags New England is a theme park in Agawam, Massachusetts.

Six Flags amusement parks
Massachusetts
Theme parks in the United States
La Ronde (amusement park)

La Ronde is a theme park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Theme parks in North America
Quebec
Stephan Beckenbauer

Stephan Beckenbauer (1 December 1968 – 1 August 2015) was a German footballer, born in Munich. He was a son of Franz Beckenbauer. He played with FC Bayern Munich. He also played for 1. FC Saarbrücken. Beckenbauer was latterly a scout and coach with Bayern Munich.

Beckenbauer died in Munich on 1 August 2015 after a long illness, aged 46.

References

1968 births
2015 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Bavaria
German football managers
German footballers
Sportspeople from Munich
Piet Fransen

Piet Fransen (5 July 1936 – 2 August 2015) was a Dutch footballer who played as a midfielder.

He made his debut for the Netherlands in an October 1964 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Albania and has earned a total of 6 caps, scoring 1 goal. He represented his country in 3 FIFA World Cup qualification matches.

Fransen died on 2 August 2015 in Groningen, aged 79.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
Dutch footballers
People from Groningen (city)
Sportspeople from Groningen (province)
David H. Koch

David Hamilton Koch (; May 3, 1940 – August 23, 2019) was an American businessman, philanthropist, political activist, and chemical engineer. He joined the family business Koch Industries. He became president of the subsidiary Koch Engineering in 1979. He became a co-owner  of Koch Industries, with older brother Charles, in 1983.  He was an executive vice president.

On June 5, 2018, the company announced his retirement from the company due to declining health issues.

Koch died at his Southampton, New York home from prostate cancer on August 23, 2019 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
American philanthropists
American political activists
American billionaires
American conservatives
Koch family
Deaths from prostate cancer
Businesspeople from Wichita, Kansas
Cancer deaths in New York
Republicans (United States)
Koch Industries

Koch Industries, Inc.  is an American multinational corporation based in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It involves manufacturing, trading, and investments. It was founded as Wood River Oil and Refining Company in 1940, and later as Rock Island Oil & Refining Company. 

Charles Koch is the chairman and David H. Koch was the vice chairman until his death in 2019.

Other websites
 Koch Industries

1940 establishments in the United States
Industries
Wichita, Kansas
20th-century establishments in Kansas
Fred C. Koch

Fred Chase Koch (; September 23, 1900 – November 17, 1967) was an American chemical engineer and entrepreneur who founded the oil refinery firm that later became Koch Industries, the second-largest privately held company in the United States.

Koch was born in Quanah, Texas. He died in Bear River City, Utah.

References

1900 births
1967 deaths
Engineers from Utah
Businesspeople from Texas
Deaths from heart failure
Disease-related deaths in Utah
Koch family
Republicans (United States)
Dachau concentration camp

Dachau concentration camp (, ) was the first World War II Nazi concentration camp. It was built in 1933 by Heinrich Himmler. The original purpose was to hold political prisoners. Dachau camp was located on the grounds of an old munitions factory. It was southeast of the medieval town of Dachau, about  northwest of Munich in the state of Bavaria, in southern Germany. 

The camp's purpose was enlarged to include forced labor and housed ordinary German and Austrian criminals. Eventually foreign nationals from countries that Germany occupied or invaded were sent here. It became a death camp for Jews. Countless thousands of Jews died were executed or died of starvation, disease or overwork. The Dachau camp system grew to include nearly 100 sub-camps. These were mostly work camps or Arbeitskommandos, and were located throughout southern Germany and Austria. The camps were liberated by U.S. forces in the spring of 1945.

Camp statistics 
Estimates of the number of people who died here vary widely. Complete records of how many died at Dachau do not exist. Three weeks before the United States Army reached the camp, most of the important records were removed or burned. A few days before the Americans arrived, Germans began evacuating prisoners. But poor organization prevented all from being removed. Prisoners from the Buchenwald concentration camp had been sent to Dachau. When the last train was found, 2,000 of the 4,000 prisoners on it were dead. Between 1933 and the liberation by Americans in 1945, about 228,930 prisoners had been sent to Dachau. This includes about 7,000 who had just arrived from Buchenwald. This number is close to that given by a US Seventh Army report of 229,000.

References 

Buildings and structures in Bavaria
Nazi concentration camps in Germany
Bełżec extermination camp

Bełżec (, in ), was the first of the World War II Nazi German extermination camps created under Operation Reinhard. This was a key part of Hitler's "Final Solution". Hitler wanted to kill all of Europe's 11 million Jews. The camp operated from  to the end of . Bełżec concentration camp was about  south of the local railroad station of Bełżec in German-occupied Poland. Between 430,000 and 500,000 Jews are believed to have been murdered by the German SS at Bełżec. There were also an unknown number of Christian Poles and Roma people killed there. Only seven Jews working as slave labor with the camp's Sonderkommando survived World War II. Only one of them became known from his own postwar testimony submitted officially. The lack of witnesses who could testify about the camp's operation is the primary reason why so little is known about Bełżec.

References 

Nazi concentration camps in Poland
1942 in Europe
1940s in Germany
20th century in Poland
My Kind of Town

"My Kind of Town" or "My Kind of Town (Chicago Is)"''' is a popular song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen, with lyrics by Sammy Cahn. It was originally part of the musical score for Robin and the 7 Hoods, a 1964 musical film starring several members of the Rat Pack. It was nominated for the 1964 Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to "Chim Chim Cher-ee" from Mary Poppins''. Frank Sinatra recorded several versions which have appeared on many of his albums.

References

Songs about Chicago, Illinois
Pop songs
Frank Sinatra songs
Sweet Home Chicago

"Sweet Home Chicago" is a blues standard first recorded by Robert Johnson in 1937. The song has become a popular anthem for the city of Chicago. Many artists have rerecorded the song such as B.B. King and Buddy Guy.

Blues music
Songs about Chicago, Illinois
Sammy Cahn

Samuel Cohen (June 18, 1913 – January 15, 1993), known professionally as Sammy Cahn, was an American lyricist, songwriter and musician. He is best known for his romantic lyrics to movies and Broadway songs. His most famous song is "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!". He was born in New York City.

Cahn won the Academy Award for Best Original Song four times, for the following songs:
 1954 – "Three Coins in the Fountain" (music by Jule Styne) introduced by Frank Sinatra in the movie Three Coins in the Fountain.
 1957 – "All the Way" (music by Jimmy Van Heusen) introduced by Frank Sinatra in the movie The Joker Is Wild.
 1959 – "High Hopes" (music by Van Heusen) introduced by Frank Sinatra and Eddie Hodges in the movie A Hole in the Head.
 1963 – "Call Me Irresponsible" (music by Van Heusen) introduced by Jackie Gleason in the movie Papa's Delicate Condition.

Cahn died in Los Angeles, California from heart failure, aged 79.

Other websites

 
 
 Sammy Cahn Centennial Tribute
 The Sammy Film Music Awards
 Sammy Cahn papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

1913 births
1993 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American songwriters
Musicians from New York City
Writers from New York City
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Jim Rivera

Manuel Joseph "Jim" Rivera (July 22, 1921 – November 13, 2017) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder. He played for three teams over ten seasons: St. Louis Browns (1952), Chicago White Sox (1952–1961) and Kansas City Athletics (1961).

Rivera died on November 13, 2017 in Fort Wayne, Indiana at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 Baseball Library 
 Smiley, Richard, Jim Rivera, SABR Baseball Biography Project]

1921 births
2017 deaths
Baltimore Orioles players
Chicago White Sox players
Oakland Athletics players
Sportspeople from New York City
Curt Simmons

Curtis Thomas "Curt" Simmons (born May 19, 1929) is a former left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1947 to 1950 and 1952 to 1967. He was born in Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania.

He played for the Philadelphia Phillies from 1947 through 1960. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1960 through 1966. Then he played for the Chicago Cubs from 1966 through 1967. And then he played for the California Angels in 1967 until his retirement later that year.

Other websites

1929 births
Living people
Philadelphia Phillies players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Chicago Cubs players
California Angels players
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
John H. Gibbons (scientist)

John Howard "Jack" Gibbons (January 15, 1929 – July 17, 2015) was an American scientist, nuclear physicist, and internationally recognized expert in technologies for energy efficiency and energy resource conservation. He served as the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy under President Bill Clinton from 1993-1998.

References

Other websites
Dr. John H. Gibbons Home Page 
Dr. John H. Gibbons Curriculum Vita 
Dr. John H. Gibbons Biography - Short 
White House Biography 

1929 births
2015 deaths
Directors of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
American physicists
Scientists from Virginia
David A. Patterson

David Andrew Patterson (born November 16, 1947) is an American computer pioneer and academic. He has held the position of Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley since 1976.

References

1947 births
Living people
American computer scientists
Scientists from Illinois
Scientists from Tennessee
Scientists from Berkeley, California
People from Evergreen Park, Illinois
Howard W. Jones

Howard Wilbur Jones, Jr. (December 30, 1910 – July 31, 2015) was an American gynecological surgeon and in vitro fertilization (IVF) specialist. Jones and his wife, Georgeanna Seegar Jones, were two of the earliest reproductive medicine specialists in the United States.

They established the reproductive medicine center that was responsible for the birth of the first IVF baby in the U.S. He wrote articles on the beginning of human personhood and testified before legislators on the same subject. He was one of the early physicians to perform sex reassignment surgeries. 

Jones was on the faculty at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine from the 1940s until his mandatory retirement from the institution in 1978. 

Jones was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied at Amherst College. Jones died in Norfolk, Virginia from respiratory failure, aged 104.

References

1910 births
2015 deaths
American centenarians
American physicians
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Virginia
Scientists from Baltimore
Jerome Kohlberg, Jr.

Jerome Kohlberg, Jr. (July 10, 1925 – July 30, 2015) was an American businessman and early pioneer in the private equity and leveraged buyout industries founding private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and later Kohlberg & Company.

Kohlberg, Jr. died in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts from cancer at the age of 90.

Other websites
Forbes.com: Forbes World's Richest People  (2004)
Kohlberg's entry on Forbes 2006 list

1925 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
Businesspeople from New York
Amartya Sen

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Amartya Kumar Sen (born November 3, 1933) is a British Indian American economist. Since 1956 has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. He worked in welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, and indexes of the measure of well-being of citizens of developing countries.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 and Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his work in welfare economics. He was also awarded the inaugural Charleston-EFG John Maynard Keynes Prize in recognition of his work on welfare economics in February 2015 during a reception at the Royal Academy in the UK.

References

Further reading

Other websites
 Amartya Sen  at Harvard University
 The Possibility of Social Choice 1998 lecture at NobelPrize.org
 Profile and Papers at Research Papers in Economics/RePEc
 

1933 births
2021 deaths
Indian scientists
American philosophers
American economists
British economists
British philosophers
Scientists from New York
Indian Nobel Prize winners
Ambedkarites
George Stigler

George Joseph Stigler (January 17, 1911 – December 1, 1991) was an American economist. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1982. He was a key leader of the Chicago School of Economics, along with Milton Friedman. He was born in Seattle, Washington.

Stigler died in Chicago, Illinois from heart failure, aged 80.

References

Other websites

 Biographical Memoir: George Joseph Stigler  by his friend and colleague Milton Friedman
 
 George Stigler's seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation.

1911 births
1991 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Chicago
American economists
Scientists from Chicago
Scientists from Seattle, Washington
Traunstein (mountain)

Traunstein  is the highest mountain on the east side of Lake Traunsee. It is in the district of Gmunden, Austria. The Traunstein is 1691 metres (5548 ft) high. The height is the reason why it can be seen from very far away.

On the top are two cabins, the Naturfreundehütte and the Gmundnerhütte.

References

Mountains of Austria
Sensory overload

Sensory overload is when one or more of the body's senses experiences over-stimulation from the environment. There are many things that impact an individual. Examples of these elements are urbanization, crowding, noise, mass media, technology, and the explosive growth of information. Sensory overload is commonly associated with sensory processing disorder. Like its opposite sensory deprivation, it has been used as a means of torture.

Symptoms
There are a variety of symptoms that have may cause sensory overload. These symptoms can occur in both children and adults. Some of these symptoms are:
Irritability
"Shuts down", or refuses to participate in activities and/or interact with others
Avoids touching or being touched
Gets overexcited
Covers eyes around bright lights
Makes poor eye contact
Covers ears to close out sounds or voices
Complains about noises that do not affect others
Having difficulty focusing on an activity
Constantly changing activities, never completing a task
Irritation caused by shoes, socks, tags, or different textures
Over-sensitivity to touch, movement, sights, and/or sounds
Has trouble with social interactions
Extremely high or extremely low activity levels
Muscle tension
Fidgeting and restlessness
Angry outbursts
Sleeplessness/fatigue
Difficulty concentrating

References 

Sensory system
Glow in the Park Parade

Glow in the Park Parade is a parade that takes place every night during the summer months at Six Flags Mexico.

Events
Six Flags
Forrest Bird

Forrest M. Bird (June 9, 1921 – August 2, 2015) is an American aviator, inventor and biomedical engineer. He was best known for having created some of the first reliable mass-produced mechanical ventilators for acute and chronic heart and lung care.

References

Other websites
 MIT Inventor of the Week: Forrest Bird
 American Respiratory Care Foundation: Forrest M. Bird Achievement Award
 National Inventors Hall of Fame: Forrest Bird 
 About.com: Forrest Bird
 Forrest Bird on 60 Minutes 
 Percussionaire
 Bird Aviation Museum

1921 births
2015 deaths
Engineers from Massachusetts
American inventors
Scientists from Massachusetts
Giovanni Conso

Giovanni Battista Conso (23 March 1922 – 2 August 2015) was an Italian jurist who served on the Constitutional Court of Italy for nine years beginning in 1982, and has served as President of the Accademia dei Lincei from 1989 until his death in 2015.

Conso was the Minister of Justice between 1993 and 1994.

References

Other websites

1922 births
2015 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian judges
People from Turin
Alfredo Biondi

Alfredo Biondi (June 29, 1928 – June 24, 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. In 1994 he served as Minister of Justice of the Italian Republic during the first cabinet chaired by Silvio Berlusconi. He was also Minister of the Environment in the Bettino Craxi cabinet from 1983 to 1984. 

Until 1994, he was a member of the Liberal Party. Afterwards, he became a member of Forza Italia. Biondi was born in Pisa, Italy.

He was a Deputy from 1968 to 1972 and again from 1979 to 2006. Biondi was a Senator from 2006 to 2008.

Biondi died on June 24, 2020 in Genoa, Italy at the age of 91.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian lawyers
Civil servants
Ciriaco De Mita

Ciriaco Luigi De Mita (; born 2 February 1928) is an Italian politician. He served as the 47th Prime Minister of Italy from 1988 to 1989. He was as Member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2013.

References

1928 births
Living people
Former MEPs
Mayors
MEPs for Italy
Prime Ministers of Italy
2014 Canadian Championship

The 2014 Canadian Championship was the 7th Canadian Championship tournament. Montreal Impact, Toronto FC, FC Edmonton, Vancouver Whitecaps and Ottawa Fury participated in the competition.

Result

Qualifying round

Semi-finals

Statistics

Top scorers

References 

2014 in Canada
Soccer in Canada
2014 in association football
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup

The 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup (Russian: Кубок конфедераций 2017) was the 10th and final FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It took place from 17 June to 2 July. It was hosted in Russia.

The tournament featured the following teams: Russia (hosts), Germany, Australia, Chile, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and Cameroon. Besides the hosts, all of the other teams qualified because they either won the FIFA World Cup or their regional championship.

Venues 

Four cities were chosen for the tournament, Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Sochi and Kazan.

Qualification

Group stage 

The dates for the tournament were chosen on 24 July 2015.

Group A

Group B

Knockout stage

Bracket

Semi-finals

Third place match

Final

Statistics

Goal scorers 

3 goals

2 goals

 Cristiano Ronaldo

1 goal

1 own goal

 Michael Boxall (against Russia)
 Luís Neto (against Mexico)

Tournament rankings 

 Rankings are based on performance, not team skill. Also, these rankings are unofficial and are not based on head-to-head record.

References 

FIFA Confederations Cup
2017 in association football
2010s in Russian sport
July 2017 events
June 2017 events
Sport in Russia
Joan Copeland

Joan Copeland (June 1, 1922 – January 4, 2022) was an American actress and the younger sister of celebrated playwright Arthur Miller. She began her career during the mid-1940s. 

She was known for her Broadway shows such as Detective Story (1949), Not for Children (1951), Handful of Fire (1958), Tovarich (1963), Something More! (1964), The Price (1968), Coco (1969), Two By Two (1970), Checking Out (1976), 45 Seconds from Broadway (2002), and Wit & Wisdom (2003).

Copeland died on January 4, 2022 in New York City at the age of 99.

References

Other websites

Joan Copeland at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection 
Times Square Online - Joan Copeland, talented sister of Arthur Miller has a lot to say at age 89 - interview by Sandi Durell, video by Magda Katz, posted August 20, 2011

1922 births
2022 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Georg Ratzinger

Georg Ratzinger PA (15 January 1924 – 1 July 2020) was a German Catholic priest and musician. He was known for his work as the conductor of the Regensburger Domspatzen, the cathedral choir of Regensburg, Germany. He was the elder brother of Benedict XVI, Pope Emeritus. He was born in Bavaria, Germany.

Ratzinger died on 1 July 2020 in Regensburg, Germany, aged 96.

References

Other websites
 Ratzinger, Georg, My brother the pope (Ignatius Press 2012) 

1924 births
2020 deaths
German conductors
German Roman Catholics
People from Regensburg
Roman Catholic priests
Wrestling singlet

A wrestling singlet (or simply singlet) is a colored uniform worn in amateur wrestling. It is a one-piece, tight-fitting garment. It is usually made of spandex/lycra or nylon.

Other websites

Wrestling
Sports clothing
Saint Petersburg Stadium

The Saint Petersburg Stadium (Russian: Стадион Санкт-Петербург; also called the Krestovsky Stadium or Zenit Arena) is an association football stadium in Saint Petersburg, Russia. During the  2018 FIFA World Cup, the stadium had a capacity of 64,468 people. The stadium cost $1.1 billion to $1.4 billion to build.

The stadium is now the home of FC Zenit St. Petersburg. It was used for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup, 2018 FIFA World Cup, and will be used for the UEFA Euro 2020.

Matches 

The stadium hosted these matches.

2017 FIFA Confederations Cup

2018 FIFA World Cup

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Official website
 Live webcam of stadium construction at http://ingtransstroy.ru

Football stadiums in Europe
Buildings and structures in Saint Petersburg
Away goals rule

The Away goals rule is a way of breaking ties in association football when two teams played two legs and once at each team's homeground. The rule says that the team that scored the most "away from home" is awarded the win. This rule is used in the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League, FIFA World Cup qualification, CONCACAF Champions League, MLS Cup playoffs, AFC Champions League, AFC Cup, Copa Libertadores, Copa Sudamericana, CAF Champions League, CAF Confederation Cup, Liga MX playoffs, Football League Cup semifinals and Football League play-offs semifinals.

Example 

A real life example would be in the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League, where Marseille and Inter Milan were playing in the Round of 16. Marseille won the first leg 1–0 at home, and lost the second leg 1–2. Because they were away from home, and they scored one goal (unlike Inter Milan, as they didn't score a goal when they were away from home), they won the match on away goals.

 Marseille 1–0 Inter Milan
 Inter Milan 2–1 Marseille

Football (soccer) terminology
Football Association of Iceland

The Football Association of Iceland (Icelandic: Knattspyrnusamband Íslands; or the KSÍ) is the main association football body in Iceland. It was founded on 26 March 1947, and joined FIFA on the same year. It also joined UEFA in 1954. The Football Association of Iceland organizes and controls the Úrvalsdeild, Iceland national football team and Iceland women's national football team. Their headquarters are in Reykjavík.

Other websites 
 Official website

1947 establishments in Europe
Football organizations
Football in Iceland
1940s establishments in Iceland
Chiara Pierobon

Chiara Pierobon (21 January 1993 – 1 August 2015) was an Italian professional racing cyclist. 

Pierobon was born in Mirano, Veneto. She died in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, from a suspected pulmonary embolism. Pierobon was travelling with her team Top Girls Fassa Bortolo to the Sparkassen Giro in Germany when she fell ill.

References

1993 births
2015 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Germany
Deaths from pulmonary embolism
Italian cyclists
Sportspeople from Veneto
Margot Loyola

Margot Loyola Palacios (September 15, 1918 – August 3, 2015) was a Chilean musician, folk singer and researcher of the folklore of Chile and Latin America in general.  Loyola was active as a musician and musical ethnographer/anthropologist for many decades. Loyola was born in Linares, Chile.

Loyola died in Santiago, Chile at the age of 96.

Other websites

1918 births
2015 deaths
Chilean singers
Musicians
Universal Parks & Resorts

Universal Parks & Resorts is the theme park division of NBCUniversal (a subsidiary of Comcast). The division is responsible for the operation and maintenance of Universal theme parks and resort properties around the world. It is best known for attractions that are based on famous pop culture properties (movies, television, literature, cartoons, comics, video games, music, etc.) from Universal Studios and NBC, as well as from other companies.

Theme parks and resorts

Current
Universal Studios Hollywood (Los Angeles, United States; wholly owned)
Universal CityWalk
Universal Orlando Resort (Orlando, Florida, United States; wholly owned)
Universal Studios Florida
Islands of Adventure
Universal CityWalk
Wet 'n Wild

Universal Studios Japan (Osaka, Japan licensed to USJ Co., Ltd.)
Universal CityWalk

Universal Studios Singapore (Resorts World Sentosa, Singapore; run by Genting Group)

Former
Universal PortAventura, Salou, Spain (1997–2004)
Costa Caribe Aquatic Park, Salou, Spain (2002–2004)

Future
These projects have been announced or are currently under construction. This information may change as the projects move forward.
Universal Studios America, Darien, New York (Opens 2024)
Universal Studios Idaho, Boise, Idaho, United States (Opens 2023)
Universal Studios South Korea, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea (Put on-hold)
Universal Studios Dubailand, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Put on-hold) (Broke ground on 2008/No construction since 2009)
Universal Studios Moscow, Moscow, Russia (Put-on-hold, due to economic sanctions against Russia by the U.S.)
Universal Studios Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Opens 2019) 
Universal Studios Michigan, Traverse City, Michigan, United States (Opens 2016)
Universal Studios St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States (Opens 2020)
Universal Studios Texas, Dallas Texas, United States (Opens 2021)
Universal Studios Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Opens 2019)
Universal Studios New England, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Opens 2018)
Universal Studios New Jersey, Marlboro Township, New Jersey, United States (Opens 2019)
Universal Studios Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States (Opens 2019)
Volcano Bay, Orlando, Florida, United States (Opens 2017)

References

Theme park companies
Les Munro

Squadron Leader John Leslie (Les) Munro CNZM, DSO, QSO, DFC, JP (born 5 April 1919 – 4 August 2015) was the last surviving pilot of the Dambusters Raid of May 1943.

Munro was born in Gisborne, New Zealand. He died on 4 August 2015 in Tauranga, New Zealand at the age of 96.

References

1919 births
2015 deaths
Aviators
People from North Island
World War II people
Lamberto Dini

Lamberto Dini (born 1 March 1931) is an Italian politician and economist. He was the 51st Prime Minister of Italy from 1995 to 1996 and Foreign Minister from 1996 to 2001.

References

1931 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Italy
Italian economists
People from Florence
Jurassic Park: The Ride

Jurassic Park: The Ride is a water-based amusement ride. It is based on the Steven Spielberg movie Jurassic Park and Michael Crichton's novel. It is at Universal Studios Hollywood. The ride was researched and built while the movie was in its production phase.

The ride opened on June 21, 1996. Duplicates of the ride have since been built at Islands of Adventure and Universal Studios Japan. A river rapids ride version of the attraction, Jurassic Park Rapids Adventure, opened in Universal Studios Singapore in 2010.

Amusement rides
2014 Úrvalsdeild

The 2014 Úrvalsdeild was the 103rd Úrvalsdeild. Stjarnan won the tournament undefeated.

Teams

Table

Other websites 
Pepsi-deild karla at KSÍ

2014 in association football
Football in Iceland
2014 in Europe
21st century in Iceland
Stjarnan

Stjarnan F.C. (Stjarnan Knattspyrnudeild; English: Star F.C.) is an Icelandic sports club from Garðabær. It was founded in 1960. It is best known for their association football team. The men's football team has won the Úrvalsdeild once. The women's team has won it three times. The volleyball team has also won the Icelandic Championship five times.

Other websites 
   
 Official football club website  

1960 establishments in Europe
Sports clubs
Sport in Iceland
Icelandic football clubs
20th-century establishments in Iceland
Mel Farr

Melvin Farr (November 3, 1944 - August 3, 2015) was a former American football player. He played for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for UCLA.

Farr was born in Beaumont, Texas. He studied at the University of California, Los Angeles. Farr died from complications of  chronic traumatic encephalopathy, aged 70.

Other websites
 Ford and Mel Farr 

1944 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Detroit Lions players
Sportspeople from Texas
Diseases and disorders of the brain
Flory Jagoda

Flory Jagoda (born Flora Papo; December 21, 1923 – January 29, 2021) was a Bosnian Jewish-American guitarist, composer and singer-songwriter. She was known for her interpretation of Ladino songs and the Bosnian folk ballads, sevdalinka.

Jagoda died on 29 January 2021 from problems caused by dementia, aged 97.

References

1923 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Bosnia and Herzegovina writers
American guitarists
American composers
American singer-songwriters
Musicians from Virginia
Singers from Virginia
Bosnia and Herzegovina entertainers
Gary Martin (footballer)

Gary John Martin (born on 10 October 1990) is an English born association football player who currently plays for the Icelandic club of Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur.

Career 

Martin started his career in Middlesbrough, where he advanced through the youth system and was given a scholarship. He was a very good striker in his youth. In his senior career, he played in a few pre-season matches with Middlesbrough, but he was eventually loaned to the Hungarian team of Újpest.

After leaving Middlesbrough, he was bought be the Icelandic Íþróttabandalag Akraness that was playing in the 1. deild karla. Although he was only supposed to stay for one season, he eventually stayed for two, and made his first goal against Þór Akureyri.

After a successful season, Martin was bought by the Icelandic champions Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur for a small fee. Martin was the co-top scorer in 2013, and the top scorer in 2014. He was given the award of best foreign player in the league and was selected in the "Team of the year".

References 

English footballers
Sportspeople from County Durham
1990 births
Living people
Marlboro Township, New Jersey

Marlboro Township, New Jersey is a township of Monmouth County, New Jersey.

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Marlboro Township include:
 Chris Carrino, sports play-by-play announcer.
 Frank Dicopoulos (born 1957), actor (Guiding Light).
 Max Ehrich (born 1991), actor from High School Musical 3: Senior Year.
 Jeff Feuerzeig (born 1964), film screenwriter and director.
 Josh Flitter (born 1994), actor most noted for starring in the movies The Greatest Game Ever Played and Nancy Drew.
 Ronald "Monkey Man" Filocomo, Bonanno crime family associate, convicted murderer of Bonanno capo Dominick "Sonny Black" Napolitano.
 Garret Hobart (1844–1899), 24th Vice President of the United States.
 Mike Kamerman, guitar player for the indie pop band Smallpools.
 Ellen Karcher (born 1964), New Jersey state senator from 2004 to 2008.
 Dan Klecko (born 1981), NFL Fullback for the Philadelphia Eagles.
 Jeff Kwatinetz (born 1965), Hollywood talent manager.
 Craig Mazin (born 1971), screenwriter of Scary Movie 3 and Scary Movie 4.
 Idina Menzel (born 1971 as Idina Kim Mentzel), lived in Marlboro from kindergarten to third grade.
 Adam Mesh (born 1975), television reality show contestant on NBC's Average Joe and Average Joe: Adam Returns.
 Jim Nantz (born 1959), sportscaster.
 Kal Penn (born 1977), actor (Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle, House).
 Melissa Rauch (born 1980), actress (The Big Bang Theory, Best Week Ever).
 Tony Reali (born 1978), television personality and host (Around the Horn).
 Howie Roseman (born 1975), General Manager of the Philadelphia Eagles.
 David Stone (born 1966), Broadway producer (Wicked and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee).
 Felicia Stoler, host of TLC's Honey, We're Killing the Kids.
 Paul Wesley, actor (The Vampire Diaries).

References

Other websitess

 Marlboro Township official website

Townships in New Jersey
Monmouth County, New Jersey
El Cerrito, California

El Cerrito is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States and it also lies in the San Francisco Bay Area. It was founded by refugees after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. El Cerrito was incorporated on August 23, 1917.

Climate 

El Cerrito has a cool Mediterranean climate. This means that El Cerrito has generally mild weather, with warm summers and cool winters. It rains an average of 23 inches. It snowed in El Cerrito in 1976, and snow is sometimes on the forecast as well.

Demographics

2010 

The 2010 United States Census said that El Cerrito had a population of 23,549. The racial makeup was:

 12,543 (53.3%) White, 
  6,439 (27.3%) Asian, 
  2,621 (11.1%) Hispanic or Latino,
  1,819 (7.7%) African American, 
    107 (0.5%) Native American, 
     37 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 
  1,079 (4.6%) from other races, and 1,525 (6.5%) from two or more races.

2000 

The 2000 United States Census said that El Cerrito had a population of 23,171. The racial makeup was:

 13,390 (57.79%) White, 
  5,649 (24.38%) Asian, 
  1,978 (8.54%) African American, 
  1,712 (7.39%) Hispanic or Latino,
    115 (0.50%) Native American, 
     57 (0.25%) Pacific Islander, 
  709 (3.06%) from other races, and 1,269 (5.48%) from two or more races.

References 

1917 establishments in the United States
1910s establishments in California
Cities in California
Settlements in Contra Costa County, California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Roots rock

Roots rock is a type of rock music that has folk, blues and country music in it. It was created in the United States during the 1960s. The genre later spread into country rock and southern rock. Some popular artists that played roots rock include Creedence Clearwater Revival, Bonnie Raitt and The Rolling Stones.

References 

Rock music
Campeonato Nacional (Chile)

The Campeonato Nacional (English: National Championship; also known as the Chilean Primera División) is the top Chilean association football league. It was founded in 1933. The league is ranked 25th in the IFFHS's Best Leagues of the World ranking as of 2014.

References 

Football in Chile
Football leagues
1933 establishments
1930s establishments in Chile
Stanley Donen

Stanley Donen (April 13, 1924 – February 21, 2019) was an American movie director and choreographer. His most famous movies were Singin' in the Rain and On the Town.

Donen was born in Columbia, South Carolina. He was married to Marion Marshall from 1952 to 1959 until they divorced. He was partners with comedian Elaine May from 1999 until 2019. Donen died of heart failure in New York City on February 21, 2019 at the age of 94.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 Extracts from Silverman's biography of Donen 

1924 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
American movie directors
American choreographers
People from Columbia, South Carolina
Elaine May

Elaine May (born April 21, 1932) is an American screenwriter, movie director, actress and comedian. She was known for being in an improvisational comedy with Mike Nichols called Nichols and May. She has been nominated twice for an Academy Award, for Heaven Can Wait (1978) and Primary Colors (1998).

In 1971, May directed, wrote and starred in A New Leaf, becoming the first woman to do all three in a Hollywood movie. She would later become known for directing the comedy The Heartbreak Kid (1972).

In 2013, May was honored with the National Medal of Arts by President Barack Obama. In 2018, May returned to the Broadway stage in Lila Neugebauer's version of Kenneth Lonergan's play The Waverly Gallery. She won the 2019 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play, becoming the second oldest performer to win a Tony Award for acting. 

In 2021, it was announced that May will be honored with the Honorary Academy Award.

References

Other websites

 
 

Saturn Award winners
BAFTA Award winning writers
1932 births
Living people
American movie directors
American screenwriters
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Comedians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Screenwriters from Pennsylvania
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Academy Award Honorary Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
NGC 4526

NGC 4526 is a lenticular galaxy in the Virgo constellation. In a telescope, it looks like a lentil-shaped structure with spiral arms. It is one of the brightest lenticular galaxies. It is thought that a supermassive black hole is in the center of the galaxy. Astronomers say that the supermassive black hole is 450 million times the mass of the Sun.

Since astronomers found this galaxy, two supernovas have occurred around it. The most recent was SN 1994D, which was the supernova of a white dwarf that was made of carbon and oxygen. NGC 4526 spins at a speed of 250 kilometers per second (559,234 mph or about 900,000 kph).

References 

Lenticular galaxies
SN 1994D

SN 1994D was a Type IA supernova near the NGC 4526 galaxy. It was discovered in 1994 by Treffers, Filippenko, Van Dyk, and Richmond using an observatory at San Francisco State University.

References 

Supernovae
1994
Satellite flare

A Satellite flare (also called a Iridium flares or satellite glint) is a phenomenon caused by man-made satellite where the  sunlight is reflected back to Earth. This results in a quick and bright "flare." Some flares can be up to 20 times brighter than Venus.

Iridium satellites are satellites that are used for telephones and other purposes such as navigation. Most of them are in a controlled orbit, so the flares from these satellites can be predicted. Computer programs can be fed the satellite's information and can predict a flare to an observer's location. The iridium satellite is known for having a weird shape. It has three door-sized antennas that occasionally reflects sunlight back to Earth. These can be very bright. So much so, that it can even be seen during the day. This annoys astronomers because it disrupts their observations.

References 

Satellites
Light
Space telescopes
Wind chill

Wind chill is the decrease in air temperature felt when wind touches the body.

Wind chill numbers are always lower than the actual outside temperature. When the temperature felt outside is higher than the real temperature, the heat index is used.

Related pages 
 Heat index
 Cold wave
 Humidex

References 

Weather measurements
Meteorology
West Frisian language

West Frisian ( , ;  ) is a language that is mainly spoken in Friesland, Netherlands. As of 2005, 94% of the people in Friesland understand West Frisian, 74% can speak it, 75% can read it and 27% can write it.

Alphabet and grammar 

West Frisian uses the Latin alphabet. A,E,O and U can sometimes have unique accents added to them.

In Western Frisian, there are two types of genders that nouns can have. One is the common gender (where both the male and female genders are put together). The other type is a neutral gender noun.

Like many other languages, West Frisian has singular and plural nouns. The two main suffixes used in the language, are "-(e)n" and "-s."

West Frisian also used three types of verbs: weak, strong and irregular.

Status 

After a series of riots by pro-Frisian activists, West Frisian became an official language in the Netherlands in 1956.

West Frisian is a required subject in schools in Friesland. Courts in Friesland speak West Frisian. People in court are allowed to go under oath speaking West Frisian.

Similarity to English 
West Frisian is often considered as the closest language to modern English. Here is an example:

Text in West Frisian :

Dis dei is goed oeral. De sinne is waarm en de licht fan de sinne-skinen fielen goed wit de myld wyn. Juster elke was goed, buten dis dei is better. De sinne-opgong en de sinne-undergong is moai wit de blew lofts. Buten dis dei is lyket de maaitiid en net de simmertiid. Ik find dit dei de best of de wike. De rein komt foar de wykein foar Saterdei en Sunndei moarn, but it will net by kald en wol gean oer uus by de middei. De stjeren wol elke by sichtber yn de nacht en sa wol de moanne.

English translation :

This day is good overall. The sun is warm and the light from the sun-shining feels good with the mild wind. Yesterday also was good, but this day is better. The sunrise and the sunset is beautiful with the blue sky. But this day is like the springtime and not the summertime. I find this day the best of the week. The rain is coming for the weekend for Saturday and Sunday morning, but it will not be cold and will go over us by the midday. The stars will also be visible in the night and so will the moon.

References 

Frisian languages
Languages of the Netherlands
Friesland
Groningen (province)
The Trump Organization

The Trump Organization is an American limited liability conglomerate founded in  1971. It is based in Trump Tower in Manhattan, New York City. The current trustees are Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump, and Allen Weisselberg. The company is owned by Donald Trump.

References

1971 establishments in New York (state)
Companies based in New York City
The Trump Organization
Irina Shayk

Irina Valeryevna Shaykhlislamova (; born 6 January 1986 in Yemanzhelinsk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian born model and actress. She is best known for her work with Sports Illustrated and was on the cover of the 2011 issue. She appeared in the 2014 film Hercules.

Other websites 
 Irina Shayk Official Website
 
 Irina Shayk on the Fashion Model Directory
 Irina Shayk: Model Life  - slideshow by Life magazine
 Irina Shayk at The Fashion Styles
 Irina Shayk  Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Edition 2016

References 

1986 births
Russian models
Living people
Russian actors