cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
C. Lloyd Morgan

Conwy Lloyd Morgan, FRS, usually known as Lloyd Morgan, (6 February 1852 – 6 March 1936) was a British ethologist and psychologist. He is best remembered for the experimental approach to animal psychology now known as 'Morgan's canon', which is a specialised form of Occam's razor. His idea played a role in the later growth of behaviourism in psychology.

Life 
Lloyd Morgan was born in London and studied at the Royal School of Mines and under T.H. Huxley. He taught in Cape Town, but in 1884 joined the staff of University College, Bristol as Professor of Geology and Zoology. He quickly became interested in the field he called 'mental evolution', the borderland between intelligence and instinct. In 1901 he became the college's first Professor of Psychology and Education.

In 1909 Lloyd Morgan became the first Vice-Chancellor of Bristol University. He held the office for a year, then was Professor of Psychology and Ethics until his retirement in 1919.

Ethology 
Under Lloyd's canon, animal behaviour should be explained in the simplest possible way. For example, an animal should be considered conscious only if there is no other explanation for its behaviour. Where behaviour seems to imply higher mental processes, it might be explained by trial and error learning. An example is the skilful way in which his terrier Tony opened the garden gate, easily misunderstood as an insightful act by someone seeing the final behaviour. Lloyd Morgan, however, had watched and recorded the series of approximations by which the dog had gradually learned the response, and could demonstrate that no insight was required to explain it.

W.H. Thorpe commented as follows:
"The importance of this was enormous... [but] to the modern ethologist dealing with higher animals and faced as he is with ever-increasing evidence for the complexity of perceptual organization... the very reverse of Morgan's canon often proves to be the best strategy".

This kind of study throws light not only on inherited behaviour but on the maturation of sense organs and the central nervous system. Behaviour changes in most animals during the first hours and days of life. The causes of those changes in behaviour may be developmental maturation, or learning, or some combination of the two. This is a primary area of research in ethology.

Books
The springs of conduct: an essay in evolution. (1885). Kegan Paul, London.
Animal biology. (1887). Rivington, London.
Animal sketches. [1891]. Arnold, London.
Introduction to comparative psychology. (1894). Routledgethoemmes, London.
Psychology for teachers. (1894). Arnold, London.
Habit and instinct. (1896). Arnold, London.
Animal behaviour. (1900). Arnold, London.
Animal life and intelligence. (1890–91; 1891) Arnold, London.
The interpretation of nature. (1906).
Instinct and experience. (1912). Methuen, London.
Emergent evolution. (1923). Henry Holt and Co., , online version 
Life, mind, and spirit. (1925). Henry Holt
Mind at the crossways. (1929).
The emergence of novelty. (1933).

References

British psychologists
British scientists
Ethologists
1852 births
1936 deaths
Richard Crenna

Richard Donald Crenna (November 30, 1926 – January 17, 2003) was an American movie, television, stage, voice, radio actor, movie director and producer who is known for his roles in The Sand Pebbles, Wait Until Dark, Body Heat, the first three Rambo movies, Hot Shots! Part Deux, and The Flamingo Kid. He is also known for his television role as Luke McCoy in The Real McCoys. He had won an Emmy Award in 1985.

Crenna was born on November 30, 1926 in Los Angeles, California. He studied at Virgil Junior High School, then at Belmont High School, and then at the University of Southern California. He was married to Penni Sweeney from 1959 until his death. Crenna died on January 17, 2003 in Los Angeles, California from pancreatic cancer and heart failure, aged 76.

References

Other websites

1926 births
2003 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American radio actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Emmy Award winning actors
Movie directors from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Les Stroud

Les Stroud (born October 20, 1961) is a Canadian filmmaker, musician, writer, television actor, host, television director and producer, and survival expert who is known for his survival show Survivorman. He was raised in Toronto, Ontario. He studied at Mimico High School and at Fanshawe College. Stroud was married to Susan Jamison from 1994 until they divorced in 2008. They had two children.

References

Other websites

1961 births
Living people
Canadian television actors
Musicians from Ontario
Canadian writers
Canadian television producers
Television directors
Actors from Toronto
Musicians from Toronto
Ben Gluck

Benjamin Gluck (also known as Ben Gluck) is an American director, screenwriter, and storyboard artist. He was a director at Disney Animation.

Early Life 
Benjamin was born in St. Louis, Missouri  He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree in Film and Animation from California Institute of the Arts.  

Gluck's student short film name Man's Best Friend was awarded the esteemed Walter Lantz Award. The film  premiered worldwide in heavy rotation on MTV's network, and received many top awards in the US and International film circuits and toured worldwide in Spike and Mike's Sick and Twisted Animation Festival.

Career 
Gluck began his career at DreamWorks Feature Animation where he was recruited by Oscar-winning director Brenda Chapman, as the studios very first story trainee on The Prince of Egypt. Shortly after, Gluck was recruited by Walt Disney Feature Animation, where he was mentored by Tony Award winner Roger Allers, and he worked for over a decade as a key member of the feature animation story team. Gluck served as the first Story Head at Disney-Toon Studios, tasked with elevating sequels to feature film quality, and he directed the Annie Award winning film Brother Bear 2, this film is Disney's second sequel to have a higher rating on Rotten Tomatoes than its predecessor. Gluck was Head of Story on the Tim Burton animated feature film, 9.   Additionally, Gluck has developed feature animation projects for  George Lucas, and for Charles Roven. Currently, Ben is Head of Story, working with the Schultz family, on the brand new Peanuts holiday specials for Apple TV +.

Filmography

Other websites

References 

1976 births
American animators
Writers from St. Louis, Missouri
Movie directors from Missouri
American screenwriters
Living people
Ryan Reynolds

Ryan Rodney Reynolds (born 23 October 1976) is a Canadian-American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles as Wade Wilson/Deadpool in Deadpool and Deadpool 2 and as Michael Bryce in The Hitman's Bodyguard. He is also known for his roles in National Lampoon's Van Wilder, Just Friends, Definitely, Maybe, The Proposal, The Change-Up, Safe House, and Free Guy.

Reynolds starred as Detective Pikachu in the 2019 movie Pokémon: Detective Pikachu.

Reynolds was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He studied at Kitsilano Secondary School and at Kwantlen Polytechnic University. Reynolds was married to Scarlett Johansson from 2008 to 2011. He married Blake Lively in 2012 and shares three daughters with her.

Reynolds received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2016.

References

Other websites

1976 births
Living people
Actors from Vancouver
Canadian movie actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American movie producers
Canadian movie producers
James Franco

James Edward Franco (born April 19, 1978) is an American actor, producer, screenwriter and director. His movie roles included 127 Hours, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, Your Highness, Spider-Man, Spider-Man 2, Spider-Man 3 (alongside Tobey Maguire), Oz the Great and Powerful, This Is the End, The Interview, The Little Prince, Sausage Party, Why Him? and The Disaster Artist. He won an Golden Globe Award in 2001.

Franco was born in Palo Alto, California. He studied at the Palo Alto High School and at University of California, Los Angeles.

References

Other websites

 

1978 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American painters
American poets
American activists
Actors from Santa Clara County, California
Musicians from California
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Golden Globe Award winning actors
People from Palo Alto, California
Screenwriters from California
Educators from California
Cheshire, Connecticut

Chesire is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut. The population was 29,261 in 2010. It is the center of population for the state of Connecticut. In 2009, Chesire was ranked #72 in Money magazine's "100 Best Places to Live". In 2011, Chesire was ranked #73 in Moneys "100 Best Places to Live".

References 

Towns in Connecticut
1780 establishments in North America
1780s establishments in Connecticut
Great hornbill

The great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) also known as great Indian hornbill or great pied hornbill, is one of the larger members of the hornbill family. 

Great hornbills are found in the forests of Nepal, India, the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, Indonesia. Their impressive size and colour have made them important in many tribal cultures and rituals. The great hornbill is long-lived, living for nearly 50 years in captivity. They are predominantly frugivorous although they are opportunists and will prey on small mammals, reptiles and birds.

Birds of Asia
Coraciiformes
New Haven County, Connecticut

New Haven County is a county in the US state of Connecticut. It is in the south central part of the state. The population was 862,477 in 2010. This made New Haven County the third most populated county in Connecticut. There are 1,340 people per square mile. Two of the state's largest cities, New Haven and Waterbury, are part of New Haven County.

Starting in 1960, county governments were no longer active. Until 1960, the city of New Haven was the county seat. In Connecticut, towns are responsible for all local government activities. This includes, fire and rescue, snow removal and schools. The county Sheriff plan was removed by voters. This was replaced by State Judicial Marshals in 2000. Because of this, the state judicial plan in New Haven County is divided into three districts: New Haven, Ansonia-Milford and Waterbury.

Colleges and universities 
Albertus Magnus College
Gateway Community College
Naugatuck Valley Community College
Paier College of Art
Post University
Quinnipiac University
Southern Connecticut State University
University of New Haven
University of Connecticut - Waterbury
Yale University

New Haven county organizations 
New Haven County Cutters

National protected area 
Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge

Towns 

Ansonia (City)
Beacon Falls (Town)
Bethany (Town)
Branford (Town)
Cheshire (Town)
Derby (City)
East Haven (Town)
Guilford (Town)
Hamden (Town)
Augerville (neighborhood)
Centerville (Town Center)
Dunbar Hill (neighborhood)
Hamden Plains (neighborhood)
Highwood (neighborhood)
Mix District (neighborhood)
Mount Carmel (neighborhood)
Spring Glen (neighborhood)
State Street (neighborhood)
West Woods (neighborhood, aka Hamden Hills)
Whitneyville (neighborhood)
Madison (Town)
Meriden (City)
Middlebury (Town)
Milford (City)
Devon (village)
Woodmont (Borough)
Naugatuck (Borough)
New Haven (City)
Amity (neighborhood)
Cedar Hill (neighborhood)
City Point (neighborhood)

Downtown (neighborhood)
East Rock (neighborhood)
Fair Haven (neighborhood)
Fair Haven Heights (neighborhood)
Long Wharf (neighborhood)
Mill River (neighborhood)
Quinnipiac Meadows (neighborhood)
Westville (neighborhood)
Wooster Square (neighborhood)
North Branford (Town)
Northford (a village of North Branford)
North Haven (Town)
Orange (Town)
Oxford (Town)
Prospect (Town)
Seymour (Town)
Southbury (Town)
Wallingford (Town)
Yalesville (village)
Waterbury (City)
West Haven (City)
Wolcott (Town)
Woodbridge (Town)

References

Other websites 
New Haven County Sheriff's Department
New Haven County Marshals Association 

Connecticut counties
1666 establishments in Connecticut
Dutch Empire

The Dutch Empire owned several territories that were in control by the Dutch Republic (also known as the United Provinces). The Dutch had created colonial empires. These were similar to Portugal and Spain. The Dutch Empire used their skills in shipping and trade with other empires. However, they were trying to be independent from Spain. With the British, the Dutch first built up colonies. The colonies were based on state capitalist corporate colonialism. This was done by the Dutch East and West India companies. The Dutch explored and went on voyages. Some of these were led by Willem Barents, Henry Hudson and Abel Tasman. These men found new places for Europeans.

The Dutch naval power were getting bigger. The Netherlands became the dominated global commerce during the second half of the 17th century. This was called the Dutch Golden Age. The Netherlands lost many colonials and its global power to the British. This happened when the metropole fell to French armies during the Revolutionary Wars. The rest of the Dutch Empire (such as the Dutch East Indies) were in control of the Dutch until the decline of European imperialism following World War II.

Today, the Netherlands are part of a federacy called the Kingdom of the Netherlands. These countries, the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten are part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Other websites 
  De VOCsite
 Dutch and Portuguese Colonial History
  VOC Kenniscentrum

Colonialism
Overseas empires
20th-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
South Windham, Connecticut

South Windham is a census-designated place in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 1,278 people living in South Windham in 2000. 

Census-designated places in Connecticut
Eastford, Connecticut

Eastford is a town in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 1,618 people living in Eastford in 2000.

Other websites 
Town government Web site 

Towns in Connecticut
1847 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Connecticut
Hampton, Connecticut

Hampton is a town in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 1,758 people living in Hampton in 2000.

References

Other websites 
Hampton Town Hall

Towns in Connecticut
1786 establishments in the United States
Killingly, Connecticut

Killingly is a town in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 16,472 people living in Killingly in 2000.

References

Other websites
Town government web site 

Towns in Connecticut
1700s establishments in Connecticut
1708 establishments
Danielson, Connecticut

Danielson is a borough in the town of Killingly. It is part of Windham County, Connecticut. There were 4,265 people living in Danielson in 2000.

Towns in Connecticut
Plainfield, Connecticut

Plainfield is a town in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 14,619 people living in Plainfield in 2000.

Other websites
Town government Web site

Towns in Connecticut
1699 establishments
17th-century establishments in Connecticut
1690s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
Central Village, Connecticut

Central Village is a historic district in the Central Village area of Plainfield, Connecticut. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1991.

References

Towns in Connecticut
National Register of Historic Places
David Bailie

David Bailie (4 December 1937 – 5 March 2021) was a South African-born British movie, television, stage, voice actor, and photographer who was known for his role as Cotton in Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, and in Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End.

Bailie was born in 1937 in Springs, Gauteng, South Africa. He married Egidija Bailie in 2002. Bailie died on 5 March 2021, aged 83.

References

Other websites
 
 Bailie's website

1937 births
2021 deaths
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British voice actors
British photographers
South African actors
People from Stockport, Greater Manchester
Actors from Greater Manchester
Antonio Cesaro

Claudio Castagnoli (born December 27, 1980), is an Swiss professional wrestler. He currently wrestles for the WWE where he competes under the ring name Cesaro. He was also known by former ring name Antonio Cesaro. He previously wrestled for many different independent promotions such as Chikara, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, Ring of Honor and Pro Wrestling Noah where he competed under his real name and lost many times.

While in Ring of Honor, he was a two-time ROH World Tag Team Champion with tag team partner Chris Hero. Their tag team name was the Kings of Wrestling. Their reign as champions lasted 364 days and is the longest in the company's history. He was also a member of the team Swiss Money Holding with Ares. During his time in tag team competition, he won the Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas twice, the JCW Tag Team Championship once, and the CZW World Tag Team Championship twice.

In the WWE, he is a one-time WWE United States Champion and was the winner of the André the Giant Memorial Trophy battle royal at WrestleMania XXX.

Championships
Chikara
Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas (two times) (with Chris Hero (one) and Ares (one))
King of Trios (2010) (with Ares and Tursas)
Tag World Grand Prix (2005) (with Arik Cannon)
Tag World Grand Prix (2006) (with Chris Hero)
Torneo Cibernético (2007)

Cleveland All-Pro Wrestling
CAPW Unified Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Combat Zone Wrestling
CZW World Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Chris Hero)
Last Team Standing (2006) (with Chris Hero)

German Stampede Wrestling
GSW Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Ares)

Juggalo Championship Wrestling
JCW Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Chris Hero)

International Pro Wrestling: United Kingdom
IPW: UK Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ares)

Independent Wrestling Association: Switzerland
IWA Switzerland World Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Guerrilla
PWG World Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #18 of the top 500 singles wrestlers by PWI in the PWI 500 in 2013.

Ring of Honor
ROH World Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Chris Hero)
Race to the Top (2007)
Tag Wars (2010) (with Chris Hero)

Swiss Wrestling Federation
SWF Powerhouse Championship (two times)
SWF Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ares)

Westside Xtreme Wrestling
wXw World Heavyweight Championship (two time)
wXw World Tag Team Championship (three times) (with Ares)

WWE
WWE United States Championship (one time)
André the Giant Memorial Trophy

Wrestling Observer Newsletter
Most Underrated (2013)
Tag Team of the Year (2010) (with Chris Hero)

References

Other websites

1980 births
Professional wrestlers
Living people
Swiss sportspeople
WWE wrestlers
People from Lucerne
Sumiyoshi-jinja

is the Japanese Shinto shrine at Hakata in Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyushu created by Empress Jingū.

History
Sumiyoshi was one of the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) of the old Chikuzen Province.  It serves today as one of the ichinomiya of Fukuoka Prefecture.  The enshrined kami are:

References

Other websites

Shinto shrines
Buildings and structures in Japan
Kanpi

Kaṉpi (sometimes spelled Kanypi) is an Aboriginal community in the Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia. It is located about  south of the Northern Territory border at the base of the Mann Ranges. The nearby town of Nyapaṟi is  to the east.

Kaṉpi is part of the Murputja Homelands, which also includes the family outstations Angatja and Umpukulu. The residents are mostly Pitjantjatjara people with their traditional country nearby. The settlement started as an outstation for the Baker family, who moved here from other parts on the APY lands to be closer to the country of their ancestors.

Because both Kaṉpi and nearby Nyapaṟi are small communities, there are only basic services and most of them are shared between the two towns. In Kaṉpi there is a work shop, a garage, a day care centre and an art centre. It also has a community store, built in 1996, which has a pump for petrol. Food and supplies are delivered once every two weeks. The store services both Kaṉpi and Nyapaṟi, as well as nearby outstations. Local health services are based at the clinic in Nyapaṟi. Both Kaṉpi and Nyapaṟi had their own schools from 1987, but these joined together in 1993. The new school, Murputja Education Centre, was built between the two communities,  east of Kaṉpi and 6 km west of Nyapaṟi.

References

Other websites
Official description 

Towns in South Australia
Indigenous Australian communities
Pitjantjatjara
James Daly

James Firman Daly (October 23, 1918 - July 3, 1978) was an American movie, television, stage, radio, and voice actor who is known for his role as Paul Lochner in Medical Center. He won an Emmy Award in 1966.

Daly was born on October 23, 1918 in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. He studied at Cornell College. He was married to Hope Newall from 1942 until they divorced in 1965. They had 4 children, including Tim Daly and Tyne Daly. Daly died on July 3, 1978 in Nyack, New York from heart failure, aged 59.

References

Other websites

1918 births
1978 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American voice actors
Actors from Wisconsin
Emmy Award winning actors
Tim Daly

James Timothy "Tim" Daly (born March 1, 1956) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor, television and movie director and producer who is known for his roles in Wings and in Superman: The Animated Series.

Daly was born on March 1, 1956 in New York City, New York to James Daly and to Hope Newell. He studied at The Putney School, at Waldorf School, and at Bennington College. Daly was married to Amy Van Nostrand from 1982 until they divorced in 2010. They had two children. His sister is actress Tyne Daly.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 

1956 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American movie directors
American television directors
American movie producers
American television producers
Actors from New York City
Movie directors from New York
Movie producers from New York
Nyapaṟi, South Australia

Nyapaṟi is an Aboriginal community in the Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia. It is about  south of the Northern Territory border at the base of the Mann Ranges. The nearby community of Kaṉpi is  to the west.

There are about 85 people living there. The residents are mostly Pitjantjatjara people. Nyapaṟi began as a family outstation by the Stevens family, who moved here to look after the country of their ancestors. Today it is a fully-established community of extended families. It serves as an administration centre for nearby outstations Ulkiya and Tankannu.

Because both Nyapaṟi and nearby Kaṉpi are small communities, there are only basic services and most of them are shared between the two towns. In Nyapaṟi, there is an art centre and a health clinic. Supplies are delivered once every two weeks, and mail is delivered once per week. The community store is in Kaṉpi. Both Kaṉpi and Nyapaṟi had their own schools from 1987, but these joined together in 1993. The new school, Murputja Education Centre, was built between the two communities,  east of Nyapaṟi and 9 km west of Kaṉpi.

References

Towns in South Australia
Indigenous Australian communities
Pitjantjatjara
1970s establishments in Australia
House Husbands

House Husbands is an Australian television show that began in 2012 on Channel 9. It starts Gary Sweet, Rhys Muldoon, Gyton Grantley and Firass Dirani as fathers who stay at home to look after their children, while their wives go to work. The wives are played by Julia Morris, Anna McGahan and Natalie Saleeba.

The series was created by Ellie Beaumont and Drew Proffitt, produced by Sue Seeary and Drew Proffitt and directed by Geoff Bennett and Shirley Barrett. Channel 9's Jo Rooney and Andy Ryan plus Playmaker's David Maher and David Taylor are executive producers.

It has been announced that the show would be back for a second season, due to high ratings.

Australian television
2012 television series debuts
Drama television series
2010s establishments in Australia
English-language television programs
Orlando Jordan

Orlando Jordan (born April 21, 1974) is an American professional wrestler who is currently working in the independent circuit.  

Jordan has worked for WWE from 2003 to 2006. During his time in WWE, he won the WWE United States Championship one time when he defeated John Cena on the March 3, 2005 edition of SmackDown! with help from John "Bradshaw" Layfield. He was fired from the WWE on May 26, 2006 because he was travelling with someone that was not authorized by WWE to travel with him. 

He worked in the independent circuit from 2006 to 2010 before debuting for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling on January 4, 2010. During his time in TNA, he formed a tag team with Eric Young. Jordan was released from his TNA contract on July 11, 2011.

Jordan is openly bisexual.

Championships
All Action Wrestling (Australia)
AAW World Heavyweight Championship (one time)

High Risk Pro Wrestling (Australia)
HRPW World Heavyweight Championship (one time, Current)

Maryland Championship Wrestling
MCW Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Nu-Wrestling Evolution
NWE Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #82 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI 500 in 2011.

World Wrestling Entertainment
WWE United States Championship (one time)

Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Worst Gimmick in 2010.

References

1974 births
African-American wrestlers
American professional wrestlers
Bisexual people
Former WWE wrestlers
LGBT African Americans
LGBT people from New Jersey
LGBT sportspeople
Living people
Sportspeople from Miami, Florida
Sportspeople from Virginia
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling alumni
Bina Shah

Bina Shah is a Pakistani journalist and writer in English, from Karachi, Pakistan.

She obtained a B.A. in Psychology from Wellesley College, USA and a M.Ed in Educational Technology from the Harvard Graduate School of Education, USA.

Shah is an op-ed columnist for the Dawn and "Express Tribune" newspapers in Pakistan. She has contributed features and book reviews for foreign papers like The Guardian, The Independent, and the International Herald Tribune.

She is the author of six books, mostly of fiction.

References

Living people
Pakistani people
Pakistani writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Karachi
Nadeem Aslam

Nadeem Aslam  born 1966, Gujranwala, Pakistan,  is a prize-winning British-Pakistani novelist.

Early life
Aslam was born in Gujranwala, Pakistan. He moved to the United Kingdom with his family when he was 14.

His debut novel, Season of the Rainbirds (1993), about the culture of rural Pakistan, won the Betty Trask and the Author's Club First Novel Award.

References

1966 births
Living people
British novelists
Pakistani writers
Home on the Range (2004 movie)

Home on the Range is a 2004 American animated western movie. It was released by Walt Disney Pictures on April 2, 2004. It is the 44th movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series named after the popular country song of the same name. The movie follows a trio of dairy cows attempting to save the farm from an infamous bounty hunter. It was the last Disney animated classic released on VHS.

Cast 
 Roseanne Barr as Maggie
 Judi Dench as Mrs. Caloway
 Jennifer Tilly as Grace
 Cuba Gooding Jr. as Buck
 Randy Quaid as Alameda Slim
 Charles Dennis as Rico
 Charles Haid as Lucky Jack
 Carole Cook as Pearl
 Joe Flaherty as Jeb the Goat
 Steve Buscemi as Wesley
 Richard Riehle as Sam the Sheriff
 Lance LeGault as Junior the Buffalo
 G.W. Bailey as Rusty
 Patrick Warburton as Patrick
 Estelle Harris as Audrey the Chicken
 Rob Paulsen as Phil Willie
 Cam Clarke as Gil Willie
 Jeffrey Garcia as Bill Willie
 Ann Richards as Annie

References 

2004 movies
2004 animated movies
American animated movies
American family movies
Disney animated movies
Movies about animals
Chicken Little (2005 movie)

Chicken Little is a 2005 American animated science fiction comedy movie based on the fable Henny Penny. The movie was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 45th movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. It is the second time Disney made a movie about Chicken Little. The first was a 1943 cartoon made for propaganda in World War II.

Cast
 Zach Braff as Chicken Little Cluck 
 Joan Cusack as Abbagail Ducktail Mallard (also known as the Ugly Duckling)
 Dan Molina as Fish Out of Water
 Steve Zahn as Runt of the Litter, a large pig with a huge heart 
 Amy Sedaris as Foxy Loxy, a mean, young vixen 
 Mark Walton as Goosey Loosey
 Garry Marshall as Buck "Ace" Cluck, Chicken Little's widowed father
 Don Knotts as Turkey Lurkey
 Sean Elmore, Matthew Michael Joston, and Evan Dunn as Kirby, an alien child
 Fred Willard as Melvin, Kirby's father and Tina's husband 
 Catherine O'Hara as Tina, Kirby's mother and Melvin's wife 
 Mark Dindal as Morkubine Porcupine
 Patrick Stewart as Mr. Woolensworth
 Wallace Shawn as Principal Fetchit

References

2005 animated movies
2005 computer-animated movies
2005 science fiction movies
2005 comedy movies
2000s 3D movies
American animated movies
American family movies
American science fiction movies
2000s American comedy movies
Disney animated movies
Movies about animals
Buena Vista International movies
Movies composed by John Debney
Bolt (2008 movie)

Bolt is a 2008 American computer-animated action-adventure comedy-drama movie, produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 48th movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. The movie is about a small white pet dog who lives on the set of a television series and thinks that he has super powers. When he believes that his human owner, Penny has been kidnapped, he goes on a cross-country journey to "rescue" her. Bolt is aided by a cynical cat named "Mittens" (who was abandoned by her human owner) and "Rhino" a hampster. Bolt finds Penny and actually rescues her from a accidental TV Studio fire;  Penny; Bolt {who have quit show business] , Mittens and Rhino live with Penny's Mother in the country. As for the TV show it continues with a different "Penny" {explained as Plastic Surgery following a life threatening accident) being rescuded by a new "Bolt" from the Evil Dr Calico; as Penny and Bolt escape outside a hospital window they are both abducted by flying saucers Aliens! This cliffhanger ending is so ridiculious that even Bolt fanatic "Rhino" refuses to beleive it!

Cast
 John Travolta as Bolt
 Miley Cyrus as Penny
 Chloë Moretz as Young Penny
 Susie Essman as Mittens
 Mark Walton as Rhino
 Malcolm McDowell as Dr. Calico
 James Lipton as The Director
 Greg Germann as The Agent
 Diedrich Bader as Veteran Cat
 Nick Swardson as Blake
 J.P. Manoux as Tom

Awards
Bolt was nominated for the following awards:
 2008 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Annie Award for Best Animated Feature – lost to Kung Fu Panda
 2008 Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Feature – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Animated Film – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Produce Guild of America's Best Animated Motion Picture – lost to WALL-E
 2008 Satellite Award for Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature – lost to WALL-E
 2009 Kids' Choice Awards for Favorite Animated Movie – lost to Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa

References

2008 movies
2008 animated movies
2000s 3D movies
2000s adventure movies
2008 comedy-drama movies
2000s road movies
American animated movies
American comedy-drama movies
American family movies
American road movies
Computer-animated movies
Disney animated movies
English-language movies
Movies about cats
Movies about dogs
Movies set in Las Vegas
Movies set in Los Angeles
Movies set in New York
Imanpa, Northern Territory

Imaṉpa is a town in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is  north of the Lasseter Highway, the main road between the Stuart Highway and Uluṟu. Imanpa lies 160 km east of Uluru and 200 km south west of Alice Springs. There were 149 people living at Imaṉpa in the 2006 census. The town was first set up in 1978. The land was cut out from the property of the Mount Ebenezer cattle station, and served as a home for the station's stockmen and their families.

The community is on the traditional country of southern Luritja and northern Yankunytjatjara people. These people are together called Matutjara (or Matuntara). Most of the people in the community are descended from this group. They speak a dialect that is a mix of the Yankunytjatjara and Luritja languages. Also living there are families belonging to the Pitjantjatjara, Warlpiri and Arrernte nations, and a group of non-indigenous residents who work in the community.

The area has two schools. The secondary school is part of Nyangatjatjara College based in Yulara.

References

Indigenous Australian communities
Towns in the Northern Territory
Pitjantjatjara
1978 establishments in Australia
Ashfaq Ahmad

Ashfaq Ahmed  (1925 –2004) was a famous Pakistani writer, playwright and intellectual. He was regarded by many as among the finest  Urdu  Afsana (short-story) writers.

References

1925 births
2004 deaths
Deaths from gallbladder cancer
Pakistani writers
Gujranwala

Gujranwala is a city in Pakistan. It is the capital of the Gujranwala District in Punjab.

Punjab (Pakistan)
Cities in Pakistan
Alain Chevrier

Alain Guy Chevrier (born April 23, 1961 in Cornwall, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender.

Chevrier played a total of 8 seasons in the NHL. He played for the New Jersey Devils for 3 seasons, Winnipeg Jets for 1 season, Chicago Blackhawks for 2 seasons, Pittsburgh Penguins for 1 season and the Detroit Red Wings for 1 season.

Chevrier also play college hockey with the Miami University RedHawks and was the first RedHawk to play in the NHL.

Other websites

1961 births
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
New Jersey Devils players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Winnipeg Jets (1979–96) players
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Quebec Major Junior Hockey League players
Lion's mane jellyfish

Lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), also known as Hair Jelly and Sea Blubber, are a type of jellyfish which are mostly found in north Atlantic and north Pacific waters. The stings of these jellyfish are painful but not fatal. The species is found near the coast of the U.S. shore line.

The lion's mane jellyfish can grow up to 2 m width by its pileus ("bell") and its tentacles up to 30 m long. The largest Lions Mane Jelly recorded was 120 FT, but most jellyfish are far smaller, usually some 30 cm by pileus width and up to 50 cm by tentacle length. It eats mainly plankton and is itself eaten by sunfish, sea turtles and some seabirds. Like all jellyfish, it lives only for one year.

A group of jellyfish is called a smack. 

Jellyfish
Madamanuru

Madamanuru is a small village in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is in Nellore District. It is famous for rice paddy fields and other farming.

Villages in Andhra Pradesh
Raëlism

Raëlism is a new religion that says that life on Earth was created by aliens. It was started in 1974 by Claude Vorilhon. It is the world's biggest UFO religion.

References

Other websites
Official website 

New religious movements
Extraterrestrial life
Unitarian Universalism

Unitarian Universalism is a religion which encourages liberalism and an individual search for truth. It includes many spiritual paths. Its adherents have a pluralistic approach to faith hence may be atheists, agnostics, ignostics, deists, pagans, humanists, polytheists, or monotheists. A common tenet or doctrine within this religion is bodily integrity, self-ownership and individual autonomy. Unitarian Universalist places of worship are called congregations. The religion accepts differences and there is no holy book, dogma, or doctrine. Instead, the adherents are guided by seven principles:
 1st Principle: The inherent worth and dignity of every person;
 2nd Principle: Justice, equity and compassion in human relations;
 3rd Principle: Acceptance of one another and encouragement to spiritual growth in our congregations;
 4th Principle: A free and responsible search for truth and meaning;
 5th Principle: The right of conscience and the use of the democratic process within our congregations and in society at large;
 6th Principle: The goal of world community with peace, liberty, and justice for all;
 7th Principle: Respect for the interdependent web of all existence of which we are a part.
The seat of Unitarian Universalism in the United States is in Boston, MA.

Religions
Eckankar

Eckankar is a new religious movement started in the United States in 1965. It was started by Paul Twitchell (1908-71). He taught that each individual is a soul and that soul exists because of God's love for it. Adherents of this religion are called Eckists.

References

Other websites 
 Official website

Meditation
New religious movements
Anthony Bell (director)

Anthony Bell (born 1970), sometimes known as Tony Bell is an American animator, movie director, screenwriter and story artist. He started his career as a character layout artist in The Simpsons  in the early nineties and he also directed a few episodes in Rugrats. Bell also directed some episode for the Adult Swim animated TV show, The Boondocks. His most recent and famous work is for being the co-director of the 2010 computer-animated comedy-drama movie, Alpha and Omega (along with Ben Gluck), where he also served as story artist. Anthony is now working as the director on a new animated comedy-drama movie, called Norm of the North. He also wrote the story for the movie.

Other websites

1973 births
American animators
American movie directors
American screenwriters
The Simpsons
Living people
Aso-jinja

is the Japanese Shinto shrine at Mount Aso in Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu. The shrine is in the northern part of a caldera of an active volcano.

History
Aso was the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) of the old Higo Province.  It serves today as one of the ichinomiya of Kumamoto Prefecture.  The enshrined kami are  and others.

From 1871 through 1946, the Aso Shrine was officially listed as one of the first rank of government supported shrines.

References

Other websites

Shinto shrines
Mandarin duck

The mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) is a duck that breeds in eastern Siberia, China and Japan and winters in southern China and Japan. There is a small free-flying population in Britain which grew from the release of captive bred ducks.

Description 
In full plumage, the male mandarin duck has a pair of "sail" feathers that are raised vertically above the back, a crest of orange and cream feathers, and a broad white eye-stripe that is bounded above and below by darker feathers. The female mandarin duck is duller in colour and has an overall grey appearance that is marked by a curving white stripe behind the eye and a series of white blotches on the underparts. In flight, both sexes display a bluish-green iridescent speculum.

Habitat 
The mandarin duck lives in the forests of China and Japan. They prefer to live around wooded ponds and fast flowing rocky streams to swim, wade, and feed in.

Birds of China
Ducks
Urial

The urial (Ovis orientalis vignei), also known as the arkars or shapo, is a subspecies of wild sheep (Ovis orientalis). It has reddish-brown long fur that fades during winter. Males have a black ruff stretching from the neck to the chest and large horns.  It is found in western central Asia.  The other subspecies group of O. orientalis is the Mouflon (Ovis orientalis orientalis group). The two groups have often been considered separate species. Urial is endangered specie.

References

Mammals of Asia
Bovids
Robert FitzRoy

Robert Fitzroy (5 July 1805 – 30 April 1865) was a British seaman, admiral, meteorologist and hydrographer. He was the captain of HMS Beagle in the voyage of the English naturalist Charles Darwin.

He was Governor of New Zealand from 1843 to 1845.

In 1851, FitzRoy was elected to the Royal Society.

In 1854, on the recommendation of Vice Admiral Francis Beaufort and the President of the Royal Society, FitzRoy was appointed as chief of a new department to deal with the collection of weather data at sea, with the title of Meteorological Statist to the Board of Trade and a staff of three. This was the forerunner of the modern Meteorological Office.

1805 births
1865 deaths
Royal Navy officers
People from Suffolk
Fellows of the Royal Society
Meteorologists
Sailors
Willem Barents

Willem Barents (or Barentsz, probably from Barentzoon, son of Barent) was a Dutch explorer. He was born on Terschelling around 1550, and died on the 20th June 1597 near Novaya Zemlya. 

The Barents Sea, Barentsburg and Barents Region were all named after him.

References

Dutch explorers
1550 births
1597 deaths
Lady Louise Windsor

Lady Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary Mountbatten-Windsor (born 8 November 2003) is the elder of the two children of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, and Sophie, Countess of Wessex. Lady Louise is the youngest granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. She is thirteenth in line to the British throne, although she was eighth in line when she was born. When her younger brother, James, was born in 2007, he moved ahead of her in the line of succession.

Birth and baptism 	
Lady Louise was born prematurely on 8 November 2003 at 23:32 GMT at Frimley Park Hospital in Frimley, Surrey. She was baptised in the Private Chapel of Windsor Castle on 24 April 2004 by David Conner, the Dean of Windsor. Her godparents were Lady Sarah Chatto, Lord Ivar Mountbatten, Lady Alexandra Etherington, Francesca Schwarzenbach and Rupert Elliott. Louise was the last child to wear the original royal christening gown.

Official appearances 
Lady Louise attends events such as Trooping the Colour, Christmas and family services, like the Diamond Jubilee service at Saint Paul's Cathedral. Louise was one of the bridesmaids at the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton on 29 April 2011. 

Lady Louise is technically entitled to be styled as Her Royal Highness Princess Louise of Wessex. But as per her parent's wishes, she uses an aristocratic title rather than a royal one.

References

Other websites
 

2003 births
Living people
British royalty
People from Surrey
House of Windsor
Byte order mark

A byte order mark (BOM) is a sequence of bytes used to indicate Unicode encoding of a text file. The underlying character code, U+FEFF, takes one of the following forms depending on the character encoding.

BOM use is optional. If used, it must be at the very beginning of the text. The BOM gives the producer of the text a way to describe the encoding such as UTF-8 or UTF-16, and in the case of UTF-16 and UTF-32, its endianness. The BOM is important for text interchange, when files move between systems that use different byte orders or different encodings, rather than in normal text handling in a closed environment.

As UTF-8 has become the most common text encoding, EFBBBF (shown here as three hexadecimal values) is the most commonly occurring BOM form, also known as the UTF-8 signature. HTML5 browsers are required to recognize the UTF-8 BOM and use it to detect the encoding of the page. Software may alternatively recognize UTF-8 encoding by looking for bytes with the high order bit set (values 0x80 through 0xFF) followed by bytes that define valid UTF-8 sequences.

The Unicode Standard neither requires nor recommends the use of the BOM for UTF-8, but warns that it may be encountered at the start of a file.

Most modern software applications recognize a BOM and may insert it when saving a text file with UTF encoding. The presence of the UTF-8 BOM may cause problems with some software, especially legacy software not designed to handle UTF-8, in which case it may appear as the characters "".

References 

Computing
Ahmad Faraz

Ahmad Faraz (real name Syed Ahmad Shah, January 1931-25 August 2008)  was a Pakistani Urdu poet. 'Faraz' was his pen name (). He is considered one of the best Urdu poets of recent times.

References

1931 births
2008 deaths
Pakistani writers
Urdu poets
Muslims
Thomas Hooker

Thomas Hooker (July 5, 1586 - July 7, 1647) was a Puritan colonial leader. Hooker founded the Colony of Connecticut after he spoke to leaders in Massachusetts. They allowed him to have a colony there. Hooker was known as an outstanding speaker. He was also a leader of the Christian suffrage.

Hooker was given the nickname of "The Father of Connecticut". Hooker was an important person in the early development of colonial New England. He was one of the greatest preachers during his lifetime. Hooker often wrote on Christian subjects. He became the first minister in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was one the first people to settle in Hartford and the state of Connecticut. Many people believe Hooker was the inspiration for the "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut".

Other websites
Who was Thomas Hooker? at Thomas Hooker School History

1580s births
1647 deaths
American Calvinists
Christian ministers
Colonial Americans
Congregationalists
People from Leicestershire
Kim Peek

Laurence Kim Peek (November 11, 1951 – December 19, 2009) was an American savant. Peek had brain damage since before birth, but was not autistic.

Peek was considered a "mega-savant" because he was a genius on at least 15 different subjects, from history to sport. He was the inspiration for the character played by Dustin Hoffman in the movie Rain Man. Peek was a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon).

On December 19, 2009 at age 58, Peek died of a heart attack in Murray, Utah.

References

Other websites

 Kim Peek-The Real Rain Man  - Wisconsin Medical Society

1951 births
2009 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Utah
People from Salt Lake City, Utah
Adam Carolla

Adam Carolla (born May 27, 1964) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, and comedian. He is the voice of Birchum in Crank Yankers.  He is now in the movie No Safe Spaces.

References

Other websites

 

1964 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles County, California
American radio personalities
American television talk show hosts
American voice actors
Carpenters
Comedians from Los Angeles
Participants in American reality television series