cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
The Last Boy Scout

The Last Boy Scout is a 1991 American action crime thriller movie. Damon Wayans plays Jimmy Dix. Bruce Willis plays Joe. Halle Berry plays Cory. Danielle Harris plays Darian.

This movie was released on December 13, 1991. It got mixed reviews from critics.

Release Dates

Other websites 
 
 

1991 action movies
1991 crime movies
1991 thriller movies
1990s action thriller movies
1990s buddy movies
1990s crime thriller movies
American action thriller movies
American buddy movies
American crime thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies about abduction
Movies about drugs
Movies about murderers
Warner Bros. movies
Karl Jaspers

Karl Theodor Jaspers (23 February 1883 – 26 February 1969) was a German psychiatrist and philosopher. Jaspers contributed a lot to modern psychiatry: He was one of the first doctors who made a strict distinction between understanding and explaining. Jaspers said that there is only an indirect path to the processes of the soul. Other people can tell about their experience and feelings. 

1883 births
1969 deaths
20th-century German philosophers
German academics
19th-century German philosophers
German psychiatrists
People from Lower Saxony
Mortar (masonry)

Mortar acts as a kind of glue to keep stones and bricks together. When it is used, it is a kind of paste. Some kinds of mortar need to dry before they can act as a glue, in others, a chemical reaction is needed. Certain kinds of mortar can withstand fire for some time. The first kind of mortar was developed in Ancient Rome. 

Building materials
Polly Bergen

Nellie Paulina Burgin (July 14, 1930 – September 20, 2014), better known by her stage name Polly Bergen, was an American actress, singer, television host, and businesswoman.

Biography
In 1958, Bergen won an Emmy Award for her role as Helen Morgan in the Playhouse 90 drama series The Helen Morgan Story. She also was awarded with a Tony Award in 2001 for her role as Carlotta Campion in Follies. In the early 1960s, she was nominated with two Golden Globe Award for Cape Fear (1962) and The Caretakers (1963). From 1957 to 1958, she hosted The Polly Bergen Show, an NBC comedy/variety show for 18 episodes. She also had an Emmy-nominated guest role in the television series Desperate Housewives as Stella Wingfield from 2007 until 2011.

Bergen was born in Knoxville, Tennessee to a Southern Baptist family. She was married three times, all ending in divorce. She was first married to Jeffrey Endervelt from 1950 until 1955. She then married theatrical agent/movie producer Freddie Fields from 1956 until 1973. They had three children, two of which her adopted. She was later married to Jeffrey Endervelt from 1982 until 1990. During her marriage to Fields, she became Jewish.

Bergen died from heart failure on September 20, 2014 in Southbury, Connecticut. She was 84. She had emphysema since the 1990s, caused by fifty years of smoking.

References

Other websites

 

1930 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Tennessee
Businesspeople from Tennessee
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American television presenters
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from emphysema
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Emmy Award winning actors
Jewish American actors
Jewish American musicians
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Singers from Tennessee
Tony Award winning actors
Dina Merrill

Dina Merrill (December 29, 1923 – May 22, 2017) was an American actress, socialite, businesswoman and philanthropist. She is known for her roles in Operation Petticoat, The Sundowners, BUtterfield 8, The Courtship of Eddie's Father, and in Caddyshack II.

Merrill died on May 22, 2017 at her East Hampton, New York home from dementia at the age of 93.

References

Other websites
 

1923 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in New York
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American philanthropists
Actors from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
William Hall-Jones

Sir William Hall-Jones, KCMG (16 January 1851 – 19 June 1936) was the 16th Prime Minister of New Zealand from June 1906 until August 1906.  He was the interim Prime Minister after the death of Richard Seddon and the return from overseas of Joseph Ward.

References

Other websites

 Prime Ministers Office Biography: William Hall-Jones 

1851 births
1936 deaths
People from Folkestone
Politicians from Kent
Prime Ministers of New Zealand
Lynbrook, New York

Lynbrook is a village in Nassau County, New York, USA. The population was 19,427 at the 2010 census. The Incorporated Village of Lynbrook is inside the Town of Hempstead. The Village of Lynbrook's current mayor is William Hendrick.

Towns in New York
Jeanne Shaheen

Cynthia Jeanne Bowers (also Jeanne Shaheen; born January 28, 1947) is an American politician She is a member of the U.S. Democratic Party.

In 1996, Shaheen became the first woman to be elected Governor of New Hampshire.

In 2008, Shaheen was elected to the United States Senate. Since 2011, she has been the senior senator from New Hampshire.

Shaheen was born in Saint Charles, Missouri.

References

United States senators from New Hampshire
Governors of New Hampshire
Politicians from Missouri
1947 births
Living people
Antony Kidman

Antony David "Tony" Kidman  (10 December 1938 – 12 September 2014) was an Australian psychologist, biochemist and writer. He was a faculty member of the University of Technology, Sydney for more than 43 years until his death. At the time of his death, he was also the Director of Health Psychology Unit.

Kidman was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He was of Scottish ancestry. He married Janelle in 1964. They had two daughters: Academy Award-winning actress Nicole Kidman (born 1967) and journalist and television presenter Antonia Kidman (born 1970). In 2005, he was made a Member of the Order of Australia.

Kidman died from a heart attack on 12 September 2014 in Singapore, aged 75.

References

1938 births
2014 deaths
Australian educators
Australian medical doctors
Australian scientists
Biochemists
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Order of Australia
Psychologists
Writers from Sydney
Francisco Feliciano

Francisco Feliciano (19 February 1941 – 19 September 2014) was a Filipino composer and conductor. He was a National Artist of the Philippines for Music. Feliciano was born in 1941, in Morong, Rizal. In 2014, Feliciano was named one of six National Artists of America, together with five other persons.

Feliciano died in Manila, Philippines from unknown causes, aged 73.

References

1941 births
2014 deaths
Filipino people
Composers
Conductors
Ghostbusters (song)

"Ghostbusters" is a 1984 song recorded by Ray Parker, Jr. as the theme to the movie of the same name starring Bill Murray, Harold Ramis and Dan Aykroyd. 

The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on August 11, 1984. It stayed there for three weeks. It was at number two on the UK Singles Chart on September 16, 1984. It stayed there for three weeks. The song re-entered the UK Top 75 on November 2, 2008, at No. 49.

It was nominated at the Academy Award for Best Music, Original Song, but lost to Stevie Wonder's "I Just Called to Say I Love You".

1984 songs
Ghostbusters
Rock music
Iain MacCormick

Iain Somerled MacDonald MacCormick (28 September 1939 – 19 September 2014) was a Scottish politician. He was a member of the Scottish National Party (SNP). He was MP for Argyllshire from 28 February 1974 until 7 April 1979. He was also a member of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) from 1981 until 1988.

MacCormick was educated in Glasgow. He also worked as a high school teacher in his town.

MacCormick died on 19 September 2014 in Oban, Argyll and Bute, aged 74. The day before he voted in the Scottish independence referendum.

References

Other websites
 Iain MacCormick at TheyWorkForYou

1939 births
2014 deaths
British teachers
Disease-related deaths in the United Kingdom
Former members of the British House of Commons for Scottish constituencies
Scottish Parliament Members
Scottish politicians
Rootkit

A rootkit is a computer virus which allows someone to take control on your computer. It is very dangerous. 

It is a stealthy type of software, typically malicious, designed to hide the existence of certain processes or programs from normal methods of detection. It allows continued secret access to a computer.

References 

Malware
Groundhog Day (movie)

Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy comedy movie. It was directed and co-written by Harold Ramis. It stars Bill Murray, Andie MacDowell, Chris Elliott, Brian Doyle-Murray, Stephen Tobolowsky, Angela Paton and Michael Shannon with David Pasquesi. It was also co-written by Danny Rubin. The movie is about a weatherman in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania who finds himself in a time loop after covering Groundhog Day. He begins to re-think his life after hedonism and suicide attempts.

The movie was released on February 12, 1993 and got good reviews. It made $70,906,973 at the box office.

Other websites

 
 
 
 

1993 comedy-drama movies
1990s fantasy movies
American comedy-drama movies
American fantasy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh in fiction
Movies directed by Harold Ramis
Bladderwort

Bladderworts are  Utricularia, a genus of carnivorous plants.   
There are about 230 species. They occur in fresh water and wet soil as terrestrial or aquatic species. They live in every continent except Antarctica. Bladderworts are cultivated for their flowers, which are rather like those of snapdragons and orchids.

All Utricularia are carnivorous and capture small organisms by means of bladder-like traps. Terrestrial species tend to have tiny traps that feed on minute prey such as protozoa and rotifers swimming in water-saturated soil.

The traps range in size from 0.2 mm to 1.2 cm. Aquatic species, such as U. vulgaris (common bladderwort), have bladders that are usually larger and can feed on water fleas (Daphnia), nematodes, even tiny fish, mosquito larvae and young tadpoles.

Despite their small size, the traps are extremely sophisticated. In aquatic species, prey brush against trigger hairs connected to the trapdoor. The bladder, when "set", is under negative pressure: when the trapdoor is triggered, the prey, with the water around it, is sucked into the bladder. Once the bladder is full of water, the door closes again. The whole process takes only ten to fifteen thousandths of a second.

Bladderworts are unusual and highly specialized plants. The bladder traps are recognized as one of the most sophisticated structures in the plant kingdom.

References 

Lamiales
Rapid plant movement
Carnivorous plants
Harold & Kumar

Harold & Kumar is an American series of stoner comedy movies. There are three movies in total. The movies star John Cho (Harold), Kal Penn (Kumar) and Neil Patrick Harris (himself). The first movie, Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle, was released on July 30, 2004. The second movie, Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay, was released on April 25, 2008. The third and final movie, A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas, was released on November 4, 2011. The reviews of each movie has been mixed, but they have all done well at the box office.

Other websites
 
 
 
 

2000s comedy movies
2010s comedy movies
American comedy movies
Buddy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Alabama
Movies set in Miami, Florida
Movies set in New Jersey
Movies set in Texas
Series of movies
Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle

Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle (also known as Harold & Kumar Get the Munchies) is a 2004 American stoner comedy movie. It is the first movie in the Harold & Kumar series. It is directed by Danny Leiner. It stars John Cho, Kal Penn, Neil Patrick Harris, Fred Willard, Bobby Lee, Christopher Meloni, Ryan Reynolds and Malin Åkerman. It is written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The movie was released on July 30, 2004 by Warner Bros. It received mixed reviews, but did well at the box office. The movie's sequel, Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay, was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros.

The movie is about two friends, Harold and Kumar, as they go to the fast food restaurant White Castle after smoking cannabis, but end up on a series of misadventures when they cannot find the restaurant.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 

2004 comedy movies
2000s adventure movies
2000s road movies
Buddy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New Jersey
American road movies
American comedy movies
New Line Cinema movies
Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay

Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay is a 2008 American stoner comedy movie. It is the second movie in the Harold & Kumar series. It stars John Cho, Kal Penn, Paula Garcés, Neil Patrick Harris, Jon Reep, Rob Corddry and Ed Helms. It is directed/produced/written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The movie was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros. It received mixed reviews, but did well at the box office.

The movie follows the event after Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle with Harold and Kumar flying to Amsterdam in the Netherlands. They are then imprisoned and end up on a series of misadventures when they escape from Guantanamo Bay.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 

2008 comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Alabama
Movies set in Miami, Florida
Movies set in Texas
2000s LGBT movies
American buddy comedy movies
American sequel movies
American movies
American LGBT movies
Movies set in the Netherlands
Movies set in 2004
New Line Cinema movies
Secret ballot

A secret ballot is a type of vote where the voter's choices are anonymous. This is to make bribery or intimidation of voters more difficult. Secret ballots are good for many different voting systems. The most basic form may be blank pieces of paper. The voter writes only his or her choice, then places it into a sealed box. The box is emptied later for counting.

The French Constitution of 1795 states that "All elections are to be held by secret ballot". Britain followed later. The secret ballot was first used in Britain on 15 August 1872 in a by-election. The original ballot box, sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is kept at Pontefract museum.

references 

elections
secrecy
Rob Bironas

James Robert Douglas "Rob" Bironas (January 29, 1978 – September 20, 2014) was an American Football placekicker. He played college football for the Georgia Southern University Eagles. He played 144 games in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Tennessee Titans. During his NFL career, he was named to the All-Pro team and was selected to play in the Pro Bowl in 2007. He has also played for the Charleston Swamp Foxes, Carolina Cobras, and New York Dragons of the Arena Football League (AFL). Bironas was released by the Titans on March 19, 2014.

On September 20, 2014, Bironas was involved in a car crash when he lost control of his SUV and swerved off of the road, hitting several trees and turning his vehicle upside down. He was taken to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, but was pronounced dead.

References

Other websites
Official website 

1978 births
2014 deaths
American football placekickers
Sportspeople from Louisville, Kentucky
Road accident deaths in the United States
Tennessee Titans players
Grammar school

A grammar school is one of several different types of school in  the United Kingdom and some other English-speaking countries. 

The term has been used for several centuries. Originally, they were schools teaching Latin. More recently, they are academically-oriented secondary schools. 

In the late Victorian era grammar schools were reorganised for secondary education throughout England and Wales. Scotland had developed a different system. Grammar schools were also established in British territories overseas, where they have evolved in different ways.

They were described as "the selective tier of state-funded secondary education in England and Wales". 
Grammar schools became "selective" in the mid-20th century, after World War II. This means they selected applicants whom they thought would get the most out of that kind of education. The selection was done by means of an 11+ test which included an IQ test. This was designed so that it was more based on native ability, rather than taught learning. 

Labour governments in the 1960s and 70s made efforts to replace grammar schools with comprehensive schools. Comprehensive schools were open to children of all abilities, similar to high schools in the United States.

As a result, in the 1960s and 1970s some grammar schools became fully independent and charged fees. Many others were abolished or became comprehensive. In both cases, many of these schools kept "grammar school" in their names. There are still 164 state-run grammar schools in existence.

References 

Types of educational institutions
Schools in the United Kingdom
Valeria Golino

Valeria Golino (born 22 October 1965) is an Italian director and actress. She played Susanna in Rain Man. She played Ramada in Hot Shots!.

Golino was born in Naples, Italy. She was raised in Sorrento and Athens.

References

Actors from Campania
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
People from Athens
People from Naples
1965 births
Living people
Paradise (movie)

Paradise is a 1991 drama movie. It is about a young couple torn apart by family tragedy. Don Johnson plays Ben Reed. Melanie Griffith plays Lily Reed. Elijah Wood plays Willard. Thora Birch plays Billie.

This movie was released on October 4, 1991.

American drama movies
1991 movies
1990s drama movies
George Radwanski

George Radwanski (February 28, 1947 – September 18, 2014) was a Canadian public servant, policy adviser, journalist and author. In his journalism career, Radwanski won two National Newspaper Awards for editorial writing. 

In 1971, he published No Mandate But Terror with Kendal Windeyer, an account of the October Crisis.  In 1978, he published Trudeau, a best-selling political biography of then-Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau.

Radwanski died of a heart attack on September 18, 2014 in Montreal, Quebec, aged 67.

References

1947 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Canadian writers
Canadian journalists
Civil servants
Sacrifice (2010)

Sacrifice (2010) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on May 16, 2010 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the sixth Sacrifice event that TNA held.

There were nine matches on the card. The main event saw Rob Van Dam defeat A.J. Styles to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.

Matches

References

Other websites
Official TNA Sacrifice website

2010 in American television
2010 in professional wrestling
Sports in Orlando, Florida
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling pay-per-view events
2010s in Orlando, Florida
May events
Vince Callahan

Vincent Francis "Vince" Callahan Jr. (October 30, 1931 – September 20, 2014) was an American politician. He served for 40 years as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates.

From January 1968 to January 2008, he represented the 34th district in the Virginia House of Delegates. At the time of his retirement, he was the longest-serving Republican in the Virginia General Assembly.

On September 20, 2014, Callahan died of West Nile virus at the age of 82.

References

Other websites
Bio, courtesy of the Virginia General Assembly

1931 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from West Nile virus
US Republican Party politicians
Politicians from Virginia
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
James C. Marsters

James Carlyle Marsters (April 5, 1924 – July 28, 2009) was a deaf  American orthodontist. In 1964, he helped invent the first teletypewriter device that could be used with telephone lines. The device let deaf people communicate by telephone. Although Robert Weitbrecht did much of the actual design work, Marsters promoted the device's use.

Marsters was born in Norwich, New York.

Marsters died in Pasadena, California from heart disease and West Nile virus, aged 85.

References

1924 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Deaths from West Nile virus
American inventors
Scientists from New York
Linda Griffiths

Linda Pauline Griffiths (7 October 1953 – 21 September 2014) was a Canadian actress and playwright. She was known for her roles in Lianna, Overdawn at the Memory Bank, The Execution of Raymond Graham, Sword of Gideon, A Town Torn Apart, and in Boys Briefs 2.

Griffiths died in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from breast cancer, aged 60.

References

Other websites

1953 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Montreal
Canadian movie actors
Canadian stage actors
Cancer deaths in Ontario
Deaths from breast cancer
Canadian playwrights
Writers from Montreal
I Wanna Be Down

"I Wanna be Down" is a 1994 major hit song by Brandy Norwood. The single is about her flirting with a boy, whom she tries to show that she is sexy. The song was released in September 1994.

The song hit #6 on Billboard Hot 100. It also hit #1 on Billboard Hot R&B Singles Chart for four weeks.

1994 songs
Brandy songs
Best Friend (song)

"Best Friend" is a 1995 song by Brandy Norwood. The song was released in June 1995.

The song peaked at #7 on the Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs Chart. It peaked at #34 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The song was used on Norwood's show Moesha.

1995 songs
Brandy songs
The S.O.S. Band

The S.O.S. Band (sometimes written SOS Band; abbreviation for Sounds Of Success) is an American R&B and electro-funk group who gained fame in the 1980s. They are best known for the songs "Take Your Time (Do It Right)," "Just Be Good to Me," "Tell Me If You Still Care," and "The Finest."

History
The band was founded in Atlanta, Georgia in 1977. The original group members included Willie "Sonny" Killebrew (saxophone), Billy Ellis (flute), Jason "T.C." Bryant (keyboards), Bruno Speight (guitar), John Simpson (bass), James Earl Jones III (drums), and Mary Davis (lead vocals, keyboards). It was originally known as Santa Monica, but later changed its name to The S.O.S. Band- an acronym for Sounds of Success. After listening to its demo and being impressed with their sound, Tabu Records founder Clarence Avant signed the group to its first recording contract.

In 1980, the group released its first hit single, "Take Your Time (Do It Right)", which was certified platinum and sold over 2 million copies. Its debut album, S.O.S., went gold and sold over 800,000 copies. Trumpeter, vocalist, and percussionist Abdul Ra'oof joined the band while it was on a world tour.

In 1983, the band joined forces with then-new production team of Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, who went on to craft a string of R&B hits for the group, which included "Just Be Good to Me," "High Hopes," "Tell Me If You Still Care," "Borrowed Love," "No One's Gonna Love You," "Just the Way You Like It," and "The Finest."

Lead vocalist Mary Davis left the group in 1987 to pursue a solo career, and was replaced by Chandra Currelley beginning with the band's 1989 Diamonds in the Raw album. They recorded another album with Currelley - 1991's One of Many Nights, which featured a few songs with a guest appearance from a then-unknown Kurupt.

More recently, Currelley has been active as an actress and vocalist in Tyler Perry plays and movies. When Davis’s solo career was not as successful as she hoped, she reunited with the band in 1994. Since then, Davis spilt from the remaining members of The S.O.S. Band, with Davis and Speight both touring using the band's name with their versions of the current lineup.

In 2013, The S.O.S. Band's entire Tabu Records catalog was reissued, as Tabu licensed their brand and trademark to British-based record label Demon Music Group.

Discography
All albums and singles listed below were issued on Tabu Records.

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Singles

References

Other websites
 

1977 establishments in the United States
American R&B bands
Musical groups established in 1977
George Sluizer

George Sluizer (25 June 1932 – 20 September 2014) was a Dutch movie director. His best known movies were Utz (1992), The Vanishing (1993) and Dark Blood (2012). He also made documentary movies.

Sluizer was born in Paris, France. His parents were Dutch and Norwegian. He claimed to see Israeli politician Ariel Sharon kill two Palestinian children in Lebanon sometime in 1982, which was not reported on until 2010.

Sluizer died from cardiovascular disease on 20 September 2014 in Amsterdam, North Holland, aged 82. He had been in ill-health since 2007.

References

Other websites
 
 

1932 births
2014 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the Netherlands
Dutch artists
Dutch movie directors
Dutch movie producers
Dutch screenwriters
Movie directors from Paris
Movie producers from Paris
Writers from Paris
Eric Lynch

Eric Shaun Lynch (March 11, 1975 – September 20, 2014), also known as Eric the Midget or Eric the Actor, was an American actor and radio personality. He was a member of The Howard Stern Show's Wack Pack from 2002 until his death. He also appeared in television series such as In Plain Sight, Fringe, Legit and American Dreams.

Lynch was born in Rodeo, California. He was  tall, which would make him a dwarf, and weighed . He also used a motorized wheelchair. He claimed to have outlived every doctor's lifespan that was given to him.

Lynch died from multiple organ failure on September 20, 2014 at a hospital in Sacramento, California. He was 39.

References

Other websites
 
 

1975 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Contra Costa County, California
American movie actors
American radio personalities
American television actors
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from liver failure
Deaths from renal failure
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Actors from Sacramento, California
Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev

On 10 November 1982, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, the third General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the fifth leader of the Soviet Union, died aged 75 after suffering a heart attack.

His death was officially announced on 11 November by Soviet radio and television programs. After five days of national mourning, Brezhnev was given a state funeral and then buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis. Yuri Andropov, Brezhnev's successor as general secretary, was elected chairman of the committee preparing and managing Brezhnev's funeral. Brezhnev's funeral was on 15 November.

The funeral was attended by 32 heads of state, 15 heads of government, 14 foreign ministers and four princes; US President Ronald Reagan sent George H. W. Bush, the Vice President of the United States. Eulogies were delivered by Yuri Andropov, Dmitriy Ustinov, Anatoly Alexandrov and a factory worker.

Brezhnev, Leonid
November events
1982
1980s in the Soviet Union
Death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau

The death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau took place in September 2000. Pierre Trudeau was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from 1968 to 1984, with a brief interruption in 1979–1980. 

Trudeau died on September 28, 2000. His coffin lay in state on Parliament Hill from September 30 to October 1 and the following day at Montréal City Hall. On October 3, a state funeral was held at Notre-Dame Basilica in Montreal.

The official state funeral was held at Montreal's Notre-Dame Basilica on October 3, 2000.

The day began at City Hall. Trudeau's family spent some moments alone with his casket before it was removed and driven to the Basilica, accompanied by ten RCMP officers marching alongside. Along the route, some clapped, while others wept, waved Canadian flags or simply stood silently as Trudeau made his final journey through his native Montreal.

Other websites
CBC Coverage of the Passing of Pierre Trudeau
CTV Coverage of the Passing of Pierre Trudeau 
Detailed account of the funeral liturgy at the Basilica of Our Lady, Montreal in Ship of Fools

Trudeau, Pierre
September events
2000 in North America
2000s in Canada
Lying in state

Lying in state is the tradition in which a coffin is placed on view to allow the public at large to pay their respects to the dead. It traditionally takes place in the principal government building of a country or city. 

It is usually practiced in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, North Korea, South Africa, and Russia. Lying in state takes place during a state funeral.

Related pages
 State funeral
 Cremation
 Lying in repose

Death customs
Gale Page

Sally Perkins Rutter (also Gale Page; July 29, 1910 – January 8, 1983) was an American actress. She appeared in only sixteen movies during her career. She played Madge in You Can't Get Away with Murder. She also played Katie in Anna Lucasta.

She was born in Spokane, Washington. She died from lung cancer in Santa Monica, California at age 69.

References

American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Washington
1910 births
1983 deaths
Lying in repose

Lying in repose or public viewing (AE) is a tradition when someone dies, often of high social stature, whose body is available for public viewing.  Lying in repose is different from the more formal honor of lying in state, because they are not involved with the government. Lying in repose are often for athletes, actors, cardinals, popes, senators, and civil servants.

Related pages
 Lying in state
 State funeral

Death customs
Maria Kaczyńska

Maria Helena Kaczyńska (; née Mackiewicz; 21 August 1942 – 10 April 2010) was the First Lady of Poland from 2005 through 2010. She was the wife of President Lech Kaczyński.

On 10 April 2010, 10:41 MSD (06:41 UTC), Maria Kaczyńska, and her husband, Polish President Lech Kaczyński, died when the Polish Air Force Tupolev Tu-154M they were aboard crashed while attempting to land at Smolensk-North Airport in the Russian city of Smolensk. All 89 passengers on board and the 7 crew members were killed.

References

Other websites

Polish First Lady's official website 
Maria Kaczyńska official biography (in English) 

1942 births
2010 deaths
Aviation deaths
First Ladies of Poland
Civil servants
Closed system

A closed system is a thermodynamic system without exchange of matter but exchange of heat.

Physics
Jeremy Ball

Jeremy Ball (1968 – 15 September 2014) was an Australian politician, actor and activist. He was the Deputy Mayor of Launceston, Tasmania from 2011 until his death. He also had an acting career from 1995 until 2000. He was best known for appearing as Warren Harvey in the ABC series Fallen Angels and as a businessman in the movie The Matrix (1999).

Ball was born in Launceston. He spoke his native English, as well as French and Japanese. He was married to Karina. The couple had two sons, Griffin and Jasper.

Ball died in a car accident on 15 September 2014 on the Bass Highway near Carrick, Tasmania. He was 45.

References

Other websites
 

1968 births
2014 deaths
Accidental deaths in Australia
Australian activists
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Deputy mayors
Politicians from Launceston, Tasmania
Road accident deaths
Earl Ross

Earl Ross (September 4, 1941 – September 18, 2014) was a Canadian race car driver. He competed in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series from 1973 until 1976. He won the 15th Daytona 500 race in 1974. The same year, he became the NASCAR Rookie of the Year. He drove the Carling Red Cap #52.

Ross was born in Fortune, Prince Edward Island. He was raised in Ailsa Craig, Ontario.

Ross died on September 18, 2014 in North Middlesex, Ontario, aged 73.

References

Other websites
 Earl Ross at Racing-Reference

1941 births
2014 deaths
Daytona 500 winners
NASCAR drivers
People from Prince Edward Island
Sportspeople from Ontario
Elsa-Marianne von Rosen

Elsa-Marianne von Rosen (21 April 1924 – 7 September 2014) was a Swedish ballet dancer, choreographer and actress. She peformed all over Scandinavia. She acted between 1939 and 1970. She appeared in the television series Tales of Hans Anderson. In 1984, she was given the Royal Medal of Merit Litteris et artibus. She also directed ballet plays outside of Scandinavia, in Monaco, the United States, the United Kingdom and Russia.

Von Rosen was born in Stockholm. She was the daughter of the artist Count Reinhold von Rosen and his first wife Elisabeth Österyd. In 1950, she married editor Allan Fridericia (1921–1991). They soon after moved to Denmark.

Von Rosen died from natural causes on 7 September 2014 in Copenhagen. She was 90.

References

Other websites
 Elsa-Marianne von Rosen at The Ballerina Gallery
 

1924 births
2014 deaths
Ballerinas
Choreographers
Deaths from natural causes
Actors from Stockholm
Swedish movie actors
Swedish stage actors
Swedish television actors
Ballet dancers
Swedish artists
Swedish nobility
Helepolis

Helepolis (, English: "Taker of Cities") was an ancient siege engine. It was used in the unsuccessful siege of Rhodes in 305 BC. It is based on an earlier, smaller design used against Salamis in 306 BC. The name was taken from the Greek "ελείν πόλεις", meaning destroyer of cities.  Vitruvius, Plutarch, and in the Athenaeus Mechanicus. It was the largest and most powerful siege tower ever built.

References 

Ancient Greece
Weapons
Copper wire and cable

A copper wire is a single electrical conductor made of copper. It can be insulated or uninsulated. A copper cable is a group of two or more copper wires bundled together in a single sheath or jacket. Copper wire and cable is used in power generation, power transmission, power distribution, telecommunications, electronics circuitry, and countless types of electrical equipment. It has been useful ever since telegraphs and electromagnets were invented.

Copper is the most widely used conductor in many kinds of electrical wiring. Copper has the lowest resistance to the flow of electricity of all non-precious metals. Electrical wiring in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. About half of all copper mined is used to make electrical wire and cable conductors.

Properties of copper useful for the copper wire 
 Electrical conductivity
 Tensile strength
 Ductility
 Strength and ductility combination
 Creep resistance - the copper does not change a lot because of heat.
 Corrosion resistance
 Coefficient of thermal expansion
 Thermal conductivity 
 Solderability
 Ease of installation

References 
        

Electrical wiring
Triphyophyllum

Triphyophyllum is a carnivorous plant genus with only one species  Triphyophyllum peltatum. It is native to tropical western Africa, in Sierra Leone and Liberia, growing in tropical rainforests. 

It is a liana, with a three-stage lifecycle, each with a different shaped leaf, as indicated by its Greek name. In the first stage, T. peltatum has simple lance-like leaves, and looks nondescript. It then develops long, glandular leaves, like those of the related Drosophyllum. These sticky leaves capture insects. The plant then enters its adult liana form, with short non-carnivorous leaves on a long twining stem. 

T. peltatum is cultivated in only three botanical gardens: Abidjan, Bonn, and Würzburg. It is extremely rare in private collections.

Caryophyllales
Carnivorous plants
Earl Hindman

Earl John Hindman (October 20, 1942 – December 29, 2003) was an American actor. He is known for his role as the neighbor (whose whole face was always hidden from television viewers) Wilson W. Wilson Jr. in the television sitcom Home Improvement (1991–1999), starring Tim Allen. He also appeared in the television movie Kojak: The Price of Justice (1987).

Hindman was born in Bisbee, Arizona. He married actress Molly McGreevey in 1976.

Hindman died from lung cancer on December 29, 2003, in Stamford, Connecticut. He was 61.

References

Other websites
 
 

1942 births
2003 deaths
Actors from Arizona
Actors from Stamford, Connecticut
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from lung cancer
Autophila rosea

Autophila rosea is a moth of the Erebidae family. Staudinger used the scientific name in 1888.

References

 Autophila rosea in lepidoptera

Erebidae
Moths
Autophila maura

Autophila maura is a moth of the Erebidae family. Staudinger used the scientific name in 1888.

References

 Autophila maura in lepidoptera

Erebidae
Autophila dilucida

Autophila dilucida is a moth of the Erebidae family. Hubner used the scientific name in 1808.

References

 Autophila dilucida in lepidoptera

Erebidae
Caradrina agrotina

Caradrina agrotina is a moth of the Noctuidae family.

References

 Caradrina agrotina in lepidoptera (reference contains no information except that it is found in Europe)

Noctuidae
Caradrina draudti

Caradrina draudti is a moth of the Noctuidae family. Boursin used the scientific name in 1936.

References

 Caradrina draudti in lepidoptera

Noctuidae
Cymothoa exigua

Cymothoa exigua, or the tongue-eating louse, is a crustacean, a parasitic isopod. 

This parasite enters fish through the gills, and then attaches itself. The female attaches to the fish's tongue, and the male attaches on the gill arches beneath and behind the female. The female parasite destroys the fish's tongue. Then it attaches itself to the stub of what was once the tongue and becomes the fish's new tongue.

Behavior
Cymothoa exigua gets blood through the claws on its front, causing the tongue to atrophy (wither) from lack of blood. The parasite then replaces the fish's tongue by attaching its own body to the muscles of the tongue stub. 

The fish is able to use the parasite just like a normal tongue. It appears that the parasite does not cause any other damage to the host fish. Once C. exigua replaces the tongue, some feed on the host's blood and many others feed on fish mucus. This is the only known case of a parasite replacing the function of a host organ. There are many species of Cymothoa, but only C. exigua is known to consume and replace its host's tongue.

References 

Crustaceans
Parasites
Milton Cardona

Milton Cardona (November 21, 1945 – September 19, 2014) was a Puerto Rican jazz and salsa percussionist, vocalist and conga player. He had over five hundred recordings, and made seven albums between 1985 and 2007. He worked on the soundtrack of the movie El Cantante (2007). He worked with musicians such as Spike Lee, Paul Simon, David Byrne, Celia Cruz, and the rock band Cream.

Cardona was born in Mayagüez. He was married to Bruni.

Cardona died from heart failure on September 19, 2014. He was 69.

References

Other websites
 
 

1945 births
2014 deaths
American drummers
American jazz musicians
Deaths from heart failure
Puerto Rican singers
Jean-Pierre Dumont

Jean-Pierre "J. P." Dumont (born April 1, 1978) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. Dumont played 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Blackhawks, Buffalo Sabres, and Nashville Predators. He also played for SC Bern of the National League A (NLA).

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Dumont played 4 seasons with the Val-d'Or Foreurs of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). He was drafted with the 3rd overall pick by the New York Islanders in the 1996 NHL Entry Draft. Dumont had a contract dispute with the Islanders and they traded him and a 5th round draft pick to the Chicago Blackhawks for Dmitri Nabokov in 1998.

Dumont played 72 games over two seasons with the Blackhawks and in March 2000, he was traded along with Doug Gilmour and a draft pick to the Buffalo Sabres for Michal Grosek. Dumont played 5 seasons with the Sabres and was named their captain in January 2004.

After the Sabres rejected Dumont's $2.9-million arbitration award, he signed a two-year, $4.5-million contract with the Nashville Predators on August 29, 2006. On June 30, 2011, the Predators bought out Dumont's contract and he became an unrestricted free agent for July 1. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2013.  Since retiring, Dumont is currently a member of tag HC Nashville which is based in Nashville, Tennessee.

References

Other websites

1978 births
American Hockey League players
Buffalo Sabres players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Living people
Nashville Predators players
Sportspeople from Montreal
Val-d'Or Foreurs players
Joanne Whalley

Joanne Whalley (born 25 August 1961) is an English actress. She played Christine Keeler in the movie Scandal. She also played Colleen in Mother's Boys

She was born in Salford, Lancashire, England.

References

English television actors
English movie actors
1961 births
Living people
Montek Singh Ahluwalia

Montek Singh Ahluwalia (born 24 November 1943) is an Indian economist and civil servant. He was the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of the Republic of India. The position has the rank of a Cabinet Minister. He resigned from the post in 2014. This was before the end of the UPA II regime in the center. Before this, he was the first Director of the Independent Evaluation Office at the International Monetary Fund.

References

Living people
1943 births
Indian economists
Indian scientists
Indian politicians
Supercross

Supercross is a motor sport. People in it drive motorcycles very fast and try to beat their opponents on stunt bikes.

Motor sports
Georges Danton

Georges Jacques Danton (26 October 1759 – 5 April 1794) was a politician during the French Revolution.He was a member of the city council of Paris, minister of justice and head of the Provisional Executive Council, member of the Convention, member of the National Assembly, and he was the first president of the committee of public safety. The Reign of Terror lasted from 1793 to 1794.  During the Reign of Terror, Danton changed his mind: He said that continuing the Reign of Terror was a bad idea, but other people disagreed. Danton was charged with treason and executed on the guillotine.

References

1759 births
1794 deaths
French politicians
People of the French Revolution
Royal Alcazar of Madrid

The Royal Alcazar of Madrid (Real Alcázar de Madrid) was a former royal residence. It was originally built as a fortress by Muslims between 850 and 856 AD. It was in the center of Madrid and served as the center of the Spanish royal court. This was up to the construction of the Royal Palace of Madrid by the Bourbons in the 1700's. the great building kept its original title of Alcázar (English: "fortress").

The first extension to the building was completed in 1537 and was commissioned by King Charles I. Its exterior was constructed by the architect "Juan Gómez de Mora" in 1636, commissioned by King Philip IV.

It was famous for its many paintings and for its unusual architecture. It was the residence of the Spanish Royal Family and home of the Court until it was destroyed by fire in 1734. Many artistic treasures were lost. This included over 500 paintings, although 1,038 artworks were saved from the fire. One of these was Las Meninas by Velázquez. It was damaged, but later restored by Juan García de Miranda.

Related pages
Royal Palace of Madrid the building that is presently on the site.

References 

skrtttt the boi 100 is lit my boi

Castles in Spain
Buildings and structures in Madrid
Taxali Gate

The Taxali Gate is one of the 12 gates of the old medieval walled city of Lahore, now in Pakistan. It dates from Mughal times.

History
The Royal Mint (where coins were made) of the Mughal Empire or Taxal, was here. The gate was named for that.

Present
Today, there is no mint here. There is a very famous shoe market, Sheikhupurian Bazaar. People can go there and try Desi (local) foods like Siri Paya and many types of sweets. 

The world-famous Heera Mandi red light area is also in this area. This was made famous in Rudyard Kipling's novel, Kim (published 1901).

References

Mughal architecture
History of Pakistan
Lahore
Gregor Blanco

Gregor Miguel Blanco Pedraza (born December 24, 1983) is a Venezuelan professional baseball player.  He is an outfielder for the Arizona Diamondbacks.

Career
Gregor Blanco was the center fielder and leadoff hitter for Tiburones de La Guaira in Venezuela.  He hit .315 (178 AB) in the 2006–07 season.  In the 2007-2008 season, he hit .345 (229 AB).  In the 2008-2009 season, he hit .349.  He eventually was sent to the majors because of Jordan Schafer's struggles.

References 

1983 births
Living people
San Francisco Giants players
Atlanta Braves players
Kansas City Royals players
Heera Mandi

The Heera Mandi (Diamond Market), also called Shahi Mohallah (Royal Neighborhood) as well as chudhai center , is a famous red-light district of the old Taxali Gate of Lahore, Pakistan. A red-light district is an area where prostitutes work.

Early history
The Heera Mandi was first called the 'Shahi Mohallah' or Royal Neighborhood in the 17th century. It was called that because many princes and nobles of the Mughal dynasty used to come there. At that time there were only Tawaifs (dancing girls) and courtesans there. They were there to amuse the people. Later, some women from other parts of Indian Subcontinent were also brought to perform classical Indian dances such as Kathak to entertain Mughals. During the rule of the Sikh king Ranjit Singh, prostitution [chudhai] also was common. Many brothels were opened there. Ranjit Singh renamed this place 'Heera Mandi'. It was named for an officer, Heera Singh, who lived there. Some historians think that he named it for the beautiful girls (prostitutes) who lived there. They were like precious diamonds.

British times
When the British Raj came to power in this region, Christian missionaries asked for the Heera Mandi to be moved away. They thought the activities there were 'sinful'. The British government tried to move it, but they were forced to move it back because people did not like this idea. Later, after the 1870s, the British also added some special brothels there for British soldiers. This area was made famous in Rudyard Kipling's novel Kim (printed in 1901).

Modern times
After Pakistan became independent in 1947, the Heera Mandi went on as before. Later, under the harsh Islamic puritanical rule of the military dictator General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, a big operation was started to 'clean' the area from prostitution and crime. Many brothels were moved or closed by force. However, once again, people did not like this move. Many of the brothels and other businesses were re-opened.

Even though prostitution is supposed to be illegal in Pakistan, the Mandi still exists. It is also famous for some very good food shops nearby, where many people including foreign tourists come to just eat and watch the shows.

References

Red light districts
History of Pakistan
Lahore
Reema

Reema Khan (born 1972) also known by her screen name Reema, is a Pakistani 
Lollywood film actress, director and producer. She has appeared in more than 200 films since making her debut in 1990.

Early life
Reema Khan was born in 1972, in the Heera Mandi area of Lahore, Pakistan. She was first spotted in 1990 by the Pakistani film director Javed Fazil and was offered the leading role in his film Bulandi. She became popular at once and went on getting success.

Main films and later career
Khan's early films included 'Zherilay', 'Ishq', 'Naag Devta', 'Pyar hi pyar', 'Sailab', 'Dil', 'Aag', 'Shama' and 'Sahiba'. These were followed by films such as 'Hina', 'Anjuman', 'Chakuri', 'Chandni', 'Neelam' and 'Insaniat'. Later she appeared in 'Hathi Meray Sathi' directed by Shameem Ara and in 'Rani Beti Raj Karegi' directed by Altaf Hussain. In 2002, Asif Ali Pota's 'Fire' and Samina Peerzada's 'Shararat' were released starring Reema in the lead role. She later also started making some films as a producer and part-time director.

Marriage
Reema married American cardiologist and surgeon Syed Tariq Shahab on 16 November 2011 in Virginia, United States. After her marriage, she produced and directed the film 'Love mein Ghum', released on 31st August 2011. This was a very big commercial and critical success in Pakistan, making over 
320 million rupees profit. Reema is mostly living in the USA now and planning new film 
projects.

References

1972 births
Living people
Punjabi people
Pakistani movie actors