cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Jeff Flake

Jeffry Lane Flake (born December 31, 1962) is an American politician. Flake is the United States Ambassador to Turkey since 2022. He was the United States Senator from Arizona. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party. He was in the Senate from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2019. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013.

Flake was born on December 31, 1962 in Snowflake, Arizona. He graduated from the Brigham Young University. He is married to Cheryl. They have five children.

After criticizing President Donald Trump and with low approval ratings, Flake announced on October 24, 2017, that he would retire at the end of his current term instead of seeking reelection in 2018.

In July 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Flake to serve as the United States Ambassador to Turkey. Flake was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on October 26, 2021.

References

Other websites

1962 births
Living people
Politicians from Arizona
United States representatives from Arizona
United States senators from Arizona
US Republican Party politicians
Ambassadors of the United States
Bucharest Botanical Garden

The Bucharest Botanical Garden () is a park in the Cotroceni neighbourhood of Bucharest, Romania. It has a surface area of 17.5 hectares (including 4,000 m² of greenhouses), and has more than 10,000 species of plants.

The first botanical garden in Bucharest was founded in 1860 near the Medicine Faculty by Carol Davila.  Its first director was the botanist Ulrich Hoffmann, followed six years later by Dimitrie Grecescu. The garden was eventually moved to its current location in 1884 by Dimitrie Brândză, a Romanian botanist, and Fuchs, a Belgian landscape architect. The gardens were opened in 1891, when the building of the greenhouses finished. The garden was damaged during World War I, when it was used by the German occupation troops, and during World War II when it was hit by Anglo-American bombardments.

In the Garden there is a Botanical Museum in a building of the Brâncovenesc style, located near the entrance gate, where more than 5,000 plant species are displayed, including 1,000 exotic plants.

Other websites

Bucharest
Buildings and structures in Romania
1891 establishments in Europe
19th-century establishments in Romania
Barriers to entry

In economics, barriers to entry (also known as barrier to entry) refers to the things that makes it difficult for a firm or a person to enter a market. These are called obstacles and makes it harder for a firm or a person to enter a market. Examples of barriers to entry include government regulation for firms and the need for a certain level of education for a person.

Barriers to entry helps to protect existing firms in the market from new firms entering a market and thus reduces competition in the market, which causes prices to be higher than what is accepted by society. Monopolies and market power is thus formed due to the existence of barriers to entry.

Definition 
While the general definition of barriers to entry refers to the obstacles that makes it difficult for a firm or a person to enter a market, there are certain differences in the definitions given by economists as given below.
 George Stigler defined barriers to entry as "A cost of producing which must be borne by a firm which seeks to enter an industry but is not borne by firms already in the industry."
 Franklin M. Fisher defined it as "anything that prevents entry when entry is socially beneficial."
 Joe S. Bain defined its as anything that allows incumbent firms to earn supernormal profits without threat of entry.

References 

Economics
Volodymyr Ivasyuk

Volodymyr Mykhailovych Ivasyuk (March 4, 1949 – May 18, 1979) - was an iconic Ukrainian songwriter, composer and poet. He is the author and composer of the widely popular song "Chervona Ruta" popularized by Sofia Rotaru in 1971, and later covered by other singers.

Ivasyuk was born in the city of Kitsman, Chernivtsi Oblast, on March 4, 1949. His father Mykhaylo Ivasyuk was a well-known writer from Bukovyna.

Other websites 
 Songs of Volodymyr Ivasyuk
Roy Blunt

Roy Blunt (born January 10, 1950) is the senior United States Senator from Missouri. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 2011. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2011.

Blunt was born on January 10, 1950 in Niangua, Missouri. He studied at Southwest Baptist University and at Missouri State University, Springfield. He is married to Abigail Perlman.

On March 8, 2021, Blunt announced that he will not be run to be senator again in the next 2022 United States Senate elections.

References

Other websites

 Roy Blunt, U.S. Senator for Missouri, home page

1950 births
Living people
People from Springfield, Missouri
United States representatives from Missouri
United States senators from Missouri
US Republican Party politicians
Majority leaders of the United States House of Representatives
2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup

The 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 13th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup. It took place in the United States and Canada.

Qualified teams

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Ranking of third placed teams

Knockout stage 

All match times below are in Eastern Daylight Time (EDT).

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

Third place playoff

Final

Statistics

Goalscorers

7 goals
 Clint Dempsey

6 goals
 Andrés Guardado

4 goals
 Oribe Peralta

2 goals

 Duckens Nazon
 Darren Mattocks
 Giles Barnes
 Garath McCleary
 Carlos Vela
 Luis Tejada
 Sheldon Bateau
 Keron Cummings
 Kenwyne Jones
 Michael Bradley

1 goal

 Roy Miller
 David Ramírez
 Bryan Ruiz
 Maikel Reyes
 Dustin Corea
 Carlos Ruiz
 Carlos Discua
 Andy Najar
 Rodolph Austin
 Jobi McAnuff
 Giovani dos Santos
 Jesús Corona
 Paul Aguilar
 Roberto Nurse
 Blas Pérez
 Alberto Quintero
 Román Torres
 Andre Boucaud
 Cordell Cato
 Joevin Jones
 Yohance Marshall
 Omar Gonzalez
 Aron Jóhannsson
 Gyasi Zardes

1 own goal
 Kenwyne Jones (playing against Mexico)

Other websites 

CONCACAF Official website 

2015 in association football
2015 in the United States
2015 in Canada
Soccer in Canada
Soccer in the United States
CONCACAF Gold Cup

The CONCACAF Gold Cup (Spanish: Copa de Oro de la CONCACAF) is an association football tournament held every two years between national teams that are members of CONCACAF.  

The first tournament was held in 1991. Before 1991, the CONCACAF Championship was the first organized tournament for national teams in the region. The CONCACAF Championship was abolished in 1989. 

The CONCACAF Gold Cup features teams from Central America, North America and the Caribbean. The Mexico national football team has been the most successful team in the tournament. They have won 8 times.

Results 

 a.e.t.: after extra time
 a.s.d.e.t.: after sudden death extra time
 pen: after penalty shoot-out

Performance by nation 

* The teams in italics were invited to the tournament, and they are not a member of CONCACAF.

Other websites 
CONCACAF Gold Cup official website 

1991 establishments in North America
Matt Blunt

Matt Blunt (born November 20, 1970) is an American politician. He was the Governor of Missouri from 2005 to 2009. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party.

Blunt was born on November 20, 1970 in Greene County, Missouri. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy. He is married to Melanie Blunt. They have two children.

Other websites

1970 births
Living people
US Republican Party politicians
Governors of Missouri
People from Springfield, Missouri
State legislators of the United States
Jim Talent

Jim Talent (born October 18, 1956) is a former United States Senator from the state of Missouri. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 2001.

Talent was born on October 18, 1956 in Des Peres, Missouri. He studied at Washington University in St. Louis and at University of Chicago Law School. He is married to Brenda Lee Lyons Talent. They have three children.

References

Other websites

1956 births
Living people
United States representatives from Missouri
United States senators from Missouri
University of Chicago alumni
US Republican Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
David Vitter

David Vitter (born May 3, 1961) is an American politician, lawyer and lobbyist. He was the United States Senator from Louisiana from 2005 to 2017. He is a member of the U.S. Republican Party and has been in Senate since January 3, 2005. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2005.

Vitter was born on November 17, 1961 in New Orleans, Louisiana. He studied at Harvard University, at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Tulane University. He is married to Wendy Baldwin. They have four children.

References

Other websites

1961 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Lawyers from New Orleans
American lobbyists
Harvard University alumni
Businesspeople from New Orleans, Louisiana
Politicians from New Orleans, Louisiana
United States representatives from Louisiana
United States senators from Louisiana
US Republican Party politicians
Stromboli

Stromboli  is a small island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily. It is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy. 

Stromboli is one of the eight Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily. The volcano has erupted many times and is constantly active with minor eruptions, often visible from many points on the island and from the surrounding sea. This gave rise to the island's nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean". The most recent major eruption was on 13 April 2009. Stromboli stands 926 m (3,034 ft) above sea level, and over 2,700 m (8,860 ft) on average above the sea floor. 

There are three active craters at the peak. A significant geological feature of the volcano is the Sciara del Fuoco (stream of fire), a big horseshoe-shaped depression generated in the last 13,000 years by several collapses on the northwestern side of the cone. Two kilometers to the northeast lies Strombolicchio, the volcanic plug remnant of the original volcano.

References 

Volcanoes of Italy
Sicily
2015 Chattanooga shootings

On July 16, 2015, a gunman opened fire on two military installations in Chattanooga, Tennessee, killing five service members. Another service member and a police officer were wounded. The gunman, Muhammad Youssef Abdulazeez, was killed at the site of the second shooting.

Notes

References

2015 murders in the United States
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Murders by firearm in the United States
2010s in Tennessee
Alan Kupperberg

Alan Kupperberg (May 18, 1953 – July 16, 2015) was an American comic artist. He was known for working in both comic books and newspaper strips. He began writing and drawing for Marvel Comics in 1974. Kupperberg has done illustrations for Archie Comics, National Lampoon, Cracked magazine, Spy, and McClannahan Books.

Kupperberg died in New York City from thyroid cancer, aged 62.

References

Other websites
Alan Kupperberg  at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
Alan Kupperberg at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators

1953 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from thyroid cancer
American comics artists
People from New York City
Fred: The Movie

Fred: The Movie is a 2010 American comedy movie, directed by Clay Weiner. The movie is based on the adventures of Fred Figglehorn. He is a character created and played by Lucas Cruikshank for Cruikshank's YouTube channel. Critics gave the movie poor reviews. It has a 0% rating at Rotten Tomatoes and only 31% of audience members liked it. Common Sense Media said "YouTube star's movie is fraught with disaster for tweens." The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw wrote "The feature-film version of the squeaky-voiced YouTube hit is unbelievably irritating – and frankly a waste of time." But kids apparently liked it. The premiere of Fred: The Movie drew an audience of 7.6 million.

References

Other websites
 
 
 Fred: The Movie  at The Movie Insider

2010 comedy movies
2010s teen movies
American teen comedy movies
Lionsgate movies
Kit Bond

Kit Bond (born March 6, 1939) is a former United States Senator from Missouri and a member of the Republican Party. Before his career in the U.S. Senate, Bond served two non-consecutive terms as Governor of Missouri, from 1973 to 1977 and from 1981 to 1985. He was previously State Auditor of Missouri from 1971 to 1973.

Bond was born on March 6, 1939 in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1960 he graduated from Princeton University. He received a law degree from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is married to Linda Bond.

References

Other websites

 Kit Bond Strategies LLP

1939 births
Living people
Politicians from St. Louis, Missouri
US Republican Party politicians
United States senators from Missouri
Governors of Missouri
Princeton University alumni
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Arrondissements of the Aude department

There are 3 arrondissements in the Aude department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of the Aude are:

 Arrondissement of Carcassonne, (prefecture: Carcassonne), with 207 communes.
 Arrondissement of Limoux, (subprefecture: Limoux), with 147 communes.
 Arrondissement of Narbonne, (subprefecture: Narbonne), with 82 communes.

History
Since its creation, the Aude department has had few changes:
 1790 : creation of the department with six districts: Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Lagrasse, Limoux, Narbonne and Quillan; the capital was Carcassonne.
 1800 : creation of four arrondissements: Carcassonne (including the old district of Lagrasse), Castelnaudary, Limoux (including the old district of Quillan) and Narbonne.
 1926 : the arrondissement of Castelnaudary was eliminated and was made part of the arrondissement of Carcassonne.

Related pages
Arrondissement of Carcassonne
Arrondissement of Limoux
Arrondissement of Narbonne
List of arrondissements of France

References

Aude
Yoichiro Nambu

was a Japanese-born American physicist, a professor at the University of Chicago.

Works
Nambu was known for his works to the field of theoretical physics, he was awarded a one-half share of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008 for the discovery in 1960 of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics, related at first to the strong interaction's chiral symmetry and later to the electroweak interaction and Higgs mechanism.  

The other half share was split equally between Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."

Nambu became a U.S. citizen in 1970.

References

1921 births
2015 deaths
American academics
American Nobel Prize winners
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Japan
Japanese physicists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Scientists from Tokyo
American theoretical physicists
Wolf Prize winners
Japanese Nobel Prize winners
University of Tokyo alumni
University of Tokyo faculty
Van Miller

Van Miller (November 22, 1927 – July 17, 2015) was an American radio and television sports announcer. He was born in Dunkirk, New York. Miller was known for being the official sports announcer for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League. He worked for them from 1960 to 1971, and again from 1977 to 2003. At the time of his retirement in 2003, Miller was the longest-tenured commentator with one team (37 years) in pro football history.

Miller died from natural causes in Buffalo, New York, aged 87.

References

1927 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Sportspeople from New York
Zhenyuanlong

Zhenyuanlong is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. It lived in the early Cretaceous period, about 125 million years ago. 

There is just one specimen. It is estimated the skeleton would have been about 165 centimetres (5.41 ft) long when complete. That means the animal was too large to have flown, especially since early flight was, almost certainly, less efficient than the flight of modern birds. It would surely have looked more like a bird than a modern reptile. This is shown in most reconstructions of dinobirds.

This type specimen has a nearly complete skeleton with traces of feathers, including long tail feathers and large wings. This specimen is the first evidence of well-developed feathers in a large, non-flying dromaeosaur. The feathers probably had two functions: temperature control and signalling.

References 

Dromaeosauridae
Jon Kyl

Jon Llewellyn Kyl (born April 25, 1942) is an American politician. He served as the United States Senator from Arizona from September 2018 to December 2018 after the death of John McCain. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1987 to 1995. Before his 2018 appointment, Kyle served in the United States Senate from January 3, 1995, to January 3, 2013. He was the senate Republican party whip from 2007 until 2013.

Kyl was born on April 25, 1942 in Oakland, Nebraska. He was the son of John Henry Kyl, a Republican congressman from Iowa. In 1964 he graduated from the University of Arizona with a bachelor's degree in political science. In 1966 Kyle graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Arizona's James E. Rogers College of Law. He was editor-in-chief of the school's law review. In 1966 Kyle joined the Phoenix, Arizona law firm of Jennings, Strouss, and Salmon. In 1985, he was a member of the Phoenix Chamber of Commerce. He is married to Caryll Collins. They have two children and several grandchildren.

In September 2018, Kyl was appointed by Governor Doug Ducey to serve in the Senate seat left empty by the death of John McCain. He retired from the Senate on December 31, 2018.

References

Other websites

 Covington & Burling LLP
 American Enterprise Institute - Jon Kyl

1942 births
Living people
Lawyers from Nebraska
Politicians from Nebraska
United States representatives from Arizona
United States senators from Arizona
US Republican Party politicians
Lawyers from Arizona
Norm Coleman

Norm Coleman (born August 17, 1949) is an American politician. He is a former United States Senator from Minnesota. Before becoming a Senator, he was Mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota (1994–2002). He ran for Governor of Minnesota in 1998 but lost to Jesse Ventura.

Coleman was born on August 17, 1949 in Brooklyn, New York City. He graduated from Hofstra University. Coleman received his J.D. degree from the University of Iowa College of Law. He is married to Laurie (Casserly) Coleman. They have four children.

References

Other websites

1949 births
Living people
American mayors
Politicians from Brooklyn
United States senators from Minnesota
US Democratic Party politicians
US Republican Party politicians
Alex Rocco

Alex Rocco (born Alexander Federico Petricone; (February 29, 1936 - July 18, 2015) was an American actor. He was known for his roles as Moe Greene in The Godfather. He was also known for his roles in Facts of Life, The Famous Teddy Z, The Simpsons, A Bug's Life, and Get Shorty. He won an Emmy Award in 1990.

Other websites

1936 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Actors from Massachusetts
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Emmy Award winning actors
People from Cambridge, Massachusetts
John Taylor (jazz)

John Taylor (25 September 1942 – 17 July 2015) was a British jazz pianist. He was born in Manchester. Taylor was known for forming the Jazz band Azimuth. 

Taylor died of a heart attack at the age of 72.

Other websites
 
 BBC Music Review of the John Taylor album Rosslyn
 Jazz Times on John Taylor & Kenny Wheeler 

1942 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
British jazz musicians
British pianists
People from Manchester
Fred Wendorf

Denver Fred Wendorf  (July 31, 1924 – July 15, 2015) was an American archaeologist. He was a professor emeritus of Anthropology  at Southern Methodist University. He received his Ph.D. in 1953 from Harvard University, and founded the anthropology department at SMU along with  founding the Fort Burgwin Research Center in Taos, New Mexico.

Wendorf was a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences.

References

1924 births
2015 deaths
Scientists from Texas
American archaeologists
Galina Prozumenshchikova

Galina Nikolayevna Prozumenshchikova (, ); 26 November 1948 – 19 July 2015) was a Soviet breaststroke swimmer. She was bornn in Sevastopol, Russian SFSR.

She won five Olympic medals in 1964, 1968 and 1972 and five European Championships medals in 1966 and 1970. Her first Olympic medal, the gold in 200 m breaststroke in 1964, was the first Olympic gold in swimming for the Soviet Union. In 1964–1966 she set five world records: four in 200 m and one in 100 m breaststroke events. Between 1963 and 1972 she won 15 national titles and set 27 national records.

She died of an illness in Moscow.

Notes

1948 births
2015 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Russia
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Soviet Olympic silver medalists
Swimmers
Ghost net

Ghost nets are fishing nets that have been lost or that have been been left by fishermen. These nets then float around in the sea, or they end up attached to a rock or other structure. This poses a problem, because the nets continue working. Fish and other animals get caught, and then starve, or die of other causes. Since most nets use plastic, they take a long time to decay. In addition, the nets may release toxic substances while they decay.

Since 1997, there has been a large pile of plastic floating in the Pacific Ocean, hundreds of miles wide.  People used to think it was made of pieces of plastic that had been thrown away by ordinary people, but in 2018 scientists found that it was mostly lost fishing nets and other fishing tools from large fishing boats.

References

Fishing
Pollution
Harry Landers

Harold "Harry" Landers (born Harold Sorokin; September 3, 1921 – September 10, 2017) was an American actor. He was born in New York City, New York. He was known for his roles in Up Periscope (1959), The Gallant Hours (1960), and the Elvis Presley western Charro! (1969).

On January 4, 2018, it was announced that Landers died on September 10, 2017 in Calabasas, California of natural causes at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 
 Harry Landers at the American Film Institute
 Interview with Harry Landers Classic TV History Blog, April 30, 2010

1921 births
2017 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New York City
William Phipps

William Edward "Bill" Phipps (February 4, 1922 – June 1, 2018) was a retired American actor and producer. He was best known for his roles in dozens of classic sci-fi and westerns, both in movies and on television. He was known for making the voice of Prince Charming in Walt Disney's Cinderella (1950).

Phipps died at his home in Santa Monica, California from complications of lung cancer on June 1, 2018 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites

William Edward "Bill" Phipps fan page at Facebook
Interview with William Phipps in Tom Weaver's book "Double Feature Creature Attack", at Google Books

1922 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in California
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Chicago
Actors from Indiana
Movie producers from Chicago
Oskar Gröning

Oskar Gröning (sometimes transliterated as Oscar Groening in English; 10 June 1921 – 9 March 2018) was a German former SS-Unterscharführeformer member of the Waffen-SS. He was stationed at Auschwitz concentration camp. Early life  

Gröning was born on 10 June 1921, in Lower Saxony, the son of a strict conservative and skilled textile worker. His mother died when he was four.

Years at Auschwitz
His responsibilities included counting and sorting the money taken from prisoners, and he was in charge of the effects prisoners had arrived with. On a few occasions he witnessed the procedures of mass-killing in the camp. Gröning was captured by the British on 10 June 1945.

Upon his return to Germany he led a normal life, reluctant to talk about his time in Auschwitz. However, more than 40 years later, he decided to make his activities at Auschwitz public after learning about Holocaust denial. He has since openly criticised those who deny the events that he witnessed.

Trial
In September 2014,  Gröning was charged by German prosecutors as an accessory to murder, in 300,000 cases, for his role at the Auschwitz concentration camp. His trial began in April 2015, after the court had ruled that, at the age of 93, he was still fit to stand trial. The trial was held in Lüneburg, Germany. On 15 July 2015 he was found guilty of facilitating mass murder and sentenced to four years imprisonment.

Death
On 9 March 2018, Gröning died at hospital before he had to begin his sentence, aged 96.

References

Other websites
 

1921 births
2018 deaths
German prisoners
German war criminals
Holocaust deniers
Holocaust perpetrators
People from Lower Saxony
SS people
Waffen-SS people
Gennadiy Seleznyov

Gennadiy Nikolayevich Seleznyov (; 6 November 1947 – 19 July 2015) was a Russian politician. He was the Speaker of the Duma from 1996 to 2003.

Seleznyov died in Moscow at the age of 67.

References

1947 births
2015 deaths
Russian politicians
Civil servants
Overlord

In the feudal system an overlord sometimes ruled over mesne lords 

Overlord may also refer to:

History and geography 
 Overlord (feudalism)
 Operation Overlord, codename for the invasion of Normandy by Allied forces during World War II
 Overlord system, popular name for structure of British government 1951–1953
 Mount Overlord, an extinct volcano in Antarctica

Internet and software 
 Overlord meme, an Internet meme relating to mock submission
 Overlord, an open-source middleware project managed by Red Hat, for JBoss Fuse Service Works-based governance (management, monitoring and administration) of computer systems

Music 
 Overlord (band), a Brooklyn-based indie pop band led by George Pasles
Gerd von Rundstedt

Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt (12 December 1875 – 24 February 1953) was a German Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) during World War II.

Rundstedt was born into a Prussian family with a long military tradition. He joined the Imperial German Army in 1892 and rose through the ranks. In World War I he served mainly as a staff officer. In the inter-war years, he continued his military career, reaching the rank of Colonel General (Generaloberst) before retiring in 1938.

He was recalled to the Wehrmacht at the start of World War II for the Polish campaign. He commanded Army Group A during the German invasion of France, and was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal in 1940. In the Russian Campaign, he commanded Army Group South. The achieved the largest encirclement in history at the first Battle of Kiev. 

Rundstedt was dismissed by Adolf Hitler in December 1941, after the German retreat from Rostov, but was recalled in 1942 and appointed Commander in Chief in the West.

He was dismissed again after the German defeat in Normandy in July 1944, but was again recalled as Commander in Chief in the West in September, holding this post until his final dismissal by Hitler in March 1945. 

Rundstedt was aware of the various plots to depose Hitler, but refused to support them. After the war, he was charged with war crimes, but did not face trial due to his age and poor health. He was released in 1949, and died in Hanover in 1953.

1875 births
1953 deaths
German generals of World War II
German military personnel of World War I
People from Prussia
People from Saxony-Anhalt
Wyatt Earp

Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp (March 19, 1848 – January 13, 1929) was a Deputy U.S. Marshal, Deputy Sheriff, and Deputy Town Marshal in the Old West. In Tombstone, Arizona Territory, Earp took part in the Gunfight at (near) the O.K. Corral, during which lawmen killed three outlaws.

He is often regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone, but his brother Virgil was Tombstone City Marshal and Deputy U.S. Marshal that day. His brother had more experience as a sheriff, constable, marshal, and soldier in combat.

Earp lived a restless life. He was at different times in his life a constable, city policeman, county sheriff, Deputy U.S. Marshal, Deputy Sheriff, teamster, buffalo hunter, saloon-owner, gambler, mine owner, bouncer, brothel owner, and boxing referee.

After an unsettled life as a young man, Earp landed in the cattle boomtown of Wichita, Kansas, where he became a deputy city marshal for one year and developed a solid reputation as a lawman. In 1876, he followed his brother James to Dodge City, Kansas, where he became an assistant city marshal. In winter 1878, he went to Texas to gamble, where he met John Henry "Doc" Holliday, whom Earp said saved his life.

Earp moved constantly throughout his life from one boomtown to another. He left Dodge City in 1879 and moved to Tombstone with his brothers James and Virgil, where a silver boom was underway. The Earps bought an interest in the Vizina mine and some water rights. Wyatt, Virgil, and their younger brother Morgan held various law enforcement positions that put them in conflict with Tom and Frank McLaury, and Ike and Billy Clanton, who threatened to kill the Earps.

The conflict escalated over the next year, culminating on October 26, 1881 in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, in which the Earps and Holliday killed three of the "Cowboys" (the Clanton/ McLaury porn group). In the next five months, Virgil was ambushed and maimed, and Morgan was assassinated. Pursuing a vendetta, Wyatt, his brother Warren, Holliday, and others formed a federal posse that killed three of the Cowboys whom they thought responsible. Wyatt was never wounded in any of the gunfights, unlike his brothers Virgil and James or Doc Holliday, which only added to his mystique after his death.

After Earp died in 1929, a flattering, largely fictionalized biography was published in 1931. It became a bestseller, and made his reputation as a fearless lawman. Since then, Wyatt Earp has been the subject of and model for numerous films, TV shows, biographies, and works of fiction that have increased his mystique. Earp's modern-day reputation is that of the Old West's "toughest and deadliest gunman of his day".  Wyatt Earp has become synonymous with the image of the Western lawman, and is a symbol of American frontier justice.

Two years before his death, Earp defended his decisions before the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and his actions afterward in an interview with Stuart Lake, author of the 1931 largely fictionalized biography, Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal:

References 

1848 births
1929 deaths
American Old West
American police officers
History of Arizona
People from Illinois
People from Dodge City, Kansas
Gibson SG

Gibson SG is a solid body electric guitar model that was introduced in 1961 (as Gibson Les Paul) by Gibson Guitar Corporation. These guitars are still being made. Some models are different from the original. The SG Standard is Gibson's best selling model of all time. 

Guitars
Negative temperature

In physics, absolute zero (0 K) is the coldest temperature. At that point, subatomic particles stop moving (entropy is at its minimum). Certain things can reach temperatures below absolute zero, known as negative temperatures. This is very difficult to do, and only very small objects can reach negative temperatures.

It might seem absurd, but things at negative temperatures are actually hotter than things at positive temperatures (above absolute zero). If something with a negative temperature comes in contact with a positive-temperature object, heat will go from the negative object to the positive. This is because temperature is a trade-off between energy and entropy. If you add energy to a positive-temperature object, it will increase in entropy. If you add energy to a negative-temperature object, it will decrease in entropy.

Many objects cannot achieve negative temperatures, because adding energy to them will increase their entropy. Only very small things discussed in quantum mechanics can reach this state.

References 

Thermodynamics
Algarve Cup

The Algarve Cup is a yearly women's association football tournament that has international teams from around the world. It takes place in the Algarve area of Portugal.

The team with the most titles is the United States, with 10. Norway has also won the tournament four times, Germany three times, Sweden three times, China twice and Canada and Spain have won it once.

Even though the Algarve Cup is a very important tournament in women's football, there is no male version of the tournament.

Results

Other websites 

 All results of the Algarve Cup 
 Algarve Cup on WomensSoccerUnited.com

Football in Portugal
Charlie Villanueva

Charlie Alexander Villanueva is a Dominican-American professional basketball player. He has played for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association.

Dallas Mavericks players
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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2015 Algarve Cup

The 2015 Algarve Cup was the 22nd Algarve Cup. It was won by the United States.

Teams 

 (hosts)

Group Stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Final group stage ranking 

The top ranked teams in each Group (A, B and C) are shown below:

The runners-up in each Group (A, B and C) are shown below:

The top third placed teams in each Group (A, B and C) are shown below:

The top worst teams in each Group (A, B and C) are shown below:

Final stage

Final

Third-place match

Fifth-place match

Seventh-place match

Ninth-place match

Eleventh-place match

Final positions

Statistics

Top goalscorers 

4 goals
 Sofia Jakobsson

3 goals

 Marta
 Sanne Troelsgaard Nielsen
 Eugénie Le Sommer
 Alexandra Popp
 Solveig Gulbrandsen

2 goals

 Andressa
 Pernille Harder
 Gaëtane Thiney
 Dzsenifer Marozsán
 Anja Mittag
 Kozue Ando
 Dolores Silva
 Caroline Seger
 Lara Dickenmann
 Carli Lloyd

1 goal

 Bia
 Bruna
 Gu Yasha
 Wang Shanshan
 Xu Yanlu
 Caroline Rask
 Johanna Rasmussen
 Camille Abily
 Kenza Dali
 Claire Lavogez
 Simone Laudehr
 Célia Šašić
 Yuri Kawamura
 Nahomi Kawasumi
 Aya Miyama
 Yuika Sugasawa
 Kumi Yokoyama
 Melissa Bjånesøy
 Emilie Haavi
 Ada Hegerberg
 Isabell Herlovsen
 Ingrid Moe Wold
 Trine Bjerke Rønning
 Laura Luís
 Cláudia Neto
 Filipa Rodrigues
 Kosovare Asllani
 Lotta Schelin
 Fabienne Humm
 Rahel Kiwic
 Lia Wälti
 Julie Johnston
 Alex Morgan
 Christen Press
 Amy Rodriguez
 Abby Wambach

Other websites 
Official website report

References 

2015 in association football
Football in Portugal
Joyce DeWitt

Joyce DeWitt (born April 23, 1949) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Janet in ABC's sitcom Three's Company. Before working in television, DeWitt was a theater actress.

1949 births
Living people
American television actors
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Ann Wedgeworth

Ann Wedgeworth (January 21, 1934 – November 16, 2017) was an American actress. She was best known for her roles as Lana Shields on Three's Company and Merleen Elridge on Evening Shade.

On Three's Company, Wedgeworth's character pursued the younger Jack Tripper. Wedgeworth was written out of Three's Company due to producers thinking that was too much for the show. However, Wedgeworth said that she asked to be released from her contract when she noticed her role became smaller.

Wedgeworth died on November 16, 2017, aged 83.

References

Actors from Texas
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1934 births
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France women's national football team

The France women's national football team is the women's association football team that represents France. The team wasn't very good in the beginning, but they became a powerful team. They reached the quarter-finals of the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. They finished fourth in the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. Their best performance in the UEFA Women's Championship was in the 2013 and 2007 tournament, where they reached the quarter-finals. The top scorer of the team is currently Marinette Pichon, with 81 goals.

Other websites 
 Official website

Football in France
European women's national association football teams
Marinette Pichon

Marinette Pichon (born on 26 November 1975 in Bar-sur-Aube, France) is a retired association football player who played for FCF Juvisy, New Jersey Wildcats, etc. and the France women's national football team. She is currently the top scorer of the French team.

Other websites 

Profile at Footofeminin.fr
Profile at WUSA

1975 births
French footballers
LGBT sportspeople
Louisa Nécib

Louisa Nécib (born 23 January 1987 in Marseille, France, also called Ziza) is a retired French association football player. She is of Algerian descent. Nécib played for Olympique Lyonnais for most of her career. She was often compared to the great French player, Zinedine Zidane.

Personal life 

She was born in Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France on 23 January 1987 to Algerian parents. She was raised in Busserine, a quarter in the Northern part of Marseille. She loved football at a young age. Before that, she was a gymnast. After joining Olympique Lyonnais in 2007, she went to Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, a university in Marseille. She wanted to study "Science and Technology of Sport and Physical Activity."

Career

International

Honours

Club
Celtic Marseille
Division 3 Féminine (1): 2003–04

Montpellier
Challenge de France (1): 2006–07

Lyon
Division 1 Féminine (9): 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
Coupe de France Féminine (6): 2007–08, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
UEFA Women's Champions League (3): 2010–11, 2011–12, 2015–16
International Women's Club Championship (1): 2012
Valais Cup (1): 2014

International
France
Cyprus Cup (2): 2012, 2014

Individual
 UNFP Female Player of the Year:  2008–09
 FIFA Women's World Cup All-Star Team: 2011
 FIFA Puskás Award nominee: 2013

References

Other websites 

 Louisa Nécib on SoccerWay.com
 Club profile 
 French Football Federation profile  
 StatsFootoFeminin profile 
 ESPN Soccernet profile 

1987 births
French footballers
Sportspeople from Marseille
Living people
Cyprus Cup

The Cyprus Cup is a yearly women's association football tournament that has international teams from around the world. It takes place in the European country of Cyprus. The teams with the most titles are Canada and England, with 3 titles each.

Results

Other websites

 
 Cyprus Cup at RSSSF
 Cyprus Cup on WomensSoccerUnited.com 

Women's football
Sterling banknote

Sterling banknotes are the banknotes in circulation in the United Kingdom and its related territories. They are issued in various denominations of pounds sterling (symbol: £ or GBP).

Sterling banknotes are official currency in the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and Tristan da Cunha. One pound is equivalent to 100 pence. Three British Overseas Territories also have currencies called pounds which are at par with (worth equal to) the pound sterling.

Banknotes are issued by the Bank of England, and also by seven other banks in the United Kingdom. Only the Bank of England notes are legal currency, meaning they must be accepted in retail tade, restaurants and so on. 

The other banks, mostly in Scotland and Northern Ireland issue notes which are always accepted in their countries. In London, where many people are of foreign origin, these notes may be refused in some places.

British currency
George Coe

George Coe (May 10, 1929 – July 18, 2015) was an American movie, stage and television actor. Coe was one of the original cast member of Saturday Night Live. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role in the short movie The Dove.

Coe died on July 18, 2015 in Santa Monica, California after a long illness at the age of 86.

References

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Profile, snl.jt.org
Filmography, movies2.nytimes.com

1929 births
2015 deaths
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Van Alexander

Van Alexander (born Alexander Van Vliet Feldman, May 2, 1915 – July 19, 2015) was an American bandleader, arranger and composer. He was known for his song "A-Tisket, A-Tasket". He also performed music on television. Alexander won several Emmy Awards for his television scores.

Alexander turned 100 in May 2015 and died on July 19, 2015 of heart failure in Los Angeles.

References

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John E. Sununu

John E. Sununu (born September 10, 1964) is a former United States Senator from New Hampshire and a member of the Republican Party. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2003. Sununu served in the United States Senate from January 3, 2003, to January 3, 2009.

Sununu was born on September 10, 1964 in Boston, Massachusetts to former Governor of New Hampshire John H. Sununu. He studied at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at Harvard Business School. He is married to Kitty Sununu. They have three children. His brother, Chris Sununu is the Governor-elect of New Hampshire.

References

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1964 births
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Stellan Bojerud

Stellan Bojerud (5 August 1944 - 19 July 2015) was a Swedish politician. He represented the Sweden Democrats (SD). 

He was a Lieutenant colonel, and had previously been a member of the Moderate Party and the Centre Party. Bojerud was the 22nd candidate on the list of SD in the 2010 parliamentary election. In 2010-2011 he was serving as a MP replacing Julia Kronlid during her absence for having a child. 

Following the death of William Petzäll in 2012 (who had been elected to parliament on the SD list), Bojerud became a member of parliament.

References

1944 births
2015 deaths
Colonels
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Robert Broberg

Robert Zero Karl Oskar Broberg (2 July 1940 – 21 July 2015) was a Swedish singer, composer and artist. In 1989 he received "Karamelodiktstipendiet" Award.

Broberg died in Stockholm, Sweden from Parkinson's disease, aged 75.

References

Other websites
Official website 

1940 births
2015 deaths
Composers
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Dieter Moebius

Dieter Moebius (16 January 1944 – 20 July 2015) was a German-Swiss electronic musician. He founded a band Kluster in 1969.

References

Other websites

 Official site 

1944 births
2015 deaths
German musicians
Swiss musicians
Dick Nanninga

Dirk "Dick" Jacobus Willem Nanninga (17 January 1949 – 21 July 2015) was a Dutch footballer, who played for the Dutch clubs BV Veendam, Roda JC and MVV Maastricht. He also had a short spell with Hong Kong club Seiko.

Nanninga earned 15 caps and scored 6 goals for the Netherlands national football team. In the 1978 FIFA World Cup final, he scored the equalizing goal against Argentina in normal time; however, Argentina went on to win 3–1 in extra time.

In 2012 Nanninga went into a coma and only regained conscience five months later. Due to diabetes his left lower leg had to be amputated.

Having lost left lower leg, he was asked what he missed most about not having a leg. The answer went along the lines of, "..er, well, actually eh..., the lower part." In 2014 his right lower leg also had to be amputated. His death was announced on 21 July 2015.

References

1949 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
Dutch footballers
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James Abdnor

James Abdnor (February 13, 1923 – May 16, 2012) was a Republican U.S. Senator from South Dakota. He served in the United States Senate from 1981 to 1987. He was in the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 1981.

Abdnor was born on February 13, 1923 in Kennebec, South Dakota. He graduated from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in 1945. Abdnor died on May 16, 2012, at the age of 89.

References

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Axwell

Sven Axel Christofer Hedfors (born 18 December 1977), better known under his stage name Axwell, is a Swedish DJ and record producer. He is a remixer and owner of Axtone Records. He is one third of what once was the Swedish House Mafia along with Sebastian Ingrosso and Steve Angello. In 2013 he was placed 19th on the DJ Magazine Top 100 DJ Poll.

References 

DJs
Spencer Bachus

Spencer Bachus (born December 28, 1947) is an American politician. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1993 to 2015. A member of the Republican Party, he served as chairman of the House Financial Services Committee (2011–2013).

Bachus was born on December 28, 1947 in Birmingham, Alabama. He graduated in 1969 from Auburn University. In 1972 he graduated from the University of Alabama School of Law. He is married to Linda Bachus. They have five children.

References

Other websites

 
 Chairman Spencer Bachus 

1947 births
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Jeb Hensarling

Jeb Hensarling (born May 29, 1957) is an American politician. Hensarling was the U.S. Representative for Texas's 5th congressional district, serving from 2003 to 2019.

He was the chair of the House Financial Services Committee, and has previously served as the chairman of the House Republican Conference from 2011 to 2013. Hensarling is a member of the Republican Party.

On October 31, 2017, Hensarling announced that he would retire from Congress at the end of his current term, and would not seek re-election in 2018.

Hensarling was born on May 29, 1957 in Stephenville, Texas. He graduated from Texas A&M University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. He received his Juris Doctor at University of Texas at Austin. He is married to Melissa Hensarling. They have two children.

References

Other websites

 Jeb Hensarling, U.S. Representative, Home Page 

1957 births
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Edward Furlong

Edward Furlong (born August 2, 1977) is an American actor. He began working as an actor in 1991. He played John Connor in Terminator 2: Judgment Day. He played Hawk in Detroit Rock City. His other movies include Before and After, American History X and Brainscan.

Furlong was born in Glendale, California.

References

1977 births
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