cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
WaveBird Wireless Controller

The WaveBird Wireless Controller is a wireless game controller for the Nintendo GameCube video game console. It uses radio frequency signals to communicate with the controller. It is powered by standard AA batteries. It was released in 2002. Its name is a reference to Dolphin, which is what the GameCube was named during development.

The WaveBird controller has the same design as the normal GameCube controllers. It is a little bigger and heavier than the normal GameCube controllers. It has a dial for selecting the channel a person wants the controller on, an on/off switch, and an orange LED light which is used to show that the controller is turned on. The WaveBird does not have the rumble feature that the normal GameCube controller has, as that would make the battery last for a shorter amount of time.

Like the normal GameCube controller, the WaveBird can be used with the Wii. It can be used for GameCube and Virtual Console titles, as well as with some Wii games and WiiWare titles. The WaveBird became more popular after the Wii's release because of how it can control those games wirelessly.

References

Nintendo hardware
Salman Khan (educator)

Salman Amin "Sal" Khan (born October 11, 1976) is a Bengali-American educator, entrepreneur, and former hedge fund analyst. He started the Khan Academy, a free online education platform and nonprofit organization.

References

Other websites
Khan Academy web site

After Words interview with Khan on The One World Schoolhouse, November 4, 2012
Salman Khan on KA wiki

1976 births
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Chief executives
Educators from Los Angeles
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Businesspeople from New Orleans, Louisiana
Living people
Educators from New Orleans, Louisiana
Battle of Rimini (1944)

The Battle of Rimini was a battle during World War II. It happened between 13 and 21 September 1944 in Rimini in Italy.

The battle was part of Operation Olive. This was the main Allied attack on the Gothic Line in August and September 1944. This was part of the Italian Campaign in the Second World War.

The Rimini Line was a German defensive line which was part of the Gothic Line.  Rimini had 1,470,000 rounds fired against it by allied forces.

Background
On 23 August 1944 Eighth Army launched Operation Olive. It attacking the eastern side of Italy. By the first week in September the attack had broken through the defences of the Gothic Line.

Battle
The 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade 
stopped two strong German attacks on 8 and 10 September. On 13 September the brigade tried to capture Rimini. The Germans were well prepared and held off the Greeks.

The following day 7 and 8 Troop of the B Squadron, 20th Armoured Regiment were added to the attack. The German defenders left.

On 15 September the Greeks attacked the Rimini airfield. Allied bombers attacked the western side of the airfield, and the Greeks attacked afterwards. The Germans attacked with fire from infantry, anti-tank rockets (Panzerschrecks), self-propelled guns, and emplaced Panther turrets.

The following day (17 September) the three battalions continued their advance. Once the airfield was taken the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade turned towards Rimini. On 18 September the 2nd and 3rd Battalions moved towards Rimini.

On the morning of 21 September, the 2nd Greek Battalion reached the city and raised the Greek flag on the municipal building. At 7:45 of 21 September the mayor surrendered the city to the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade.

1944 in Italy
Rimini
Rimini
Rimini
Rimini
Rimini
Rimini
Rimini
September 1944 events
Vernon Shaw

Vernon Lorden Shaw (May 13, 1930 – December 2, 2013) was the 5th President of Dominica. He took office on October 6, 1998, following the expiration of President Crispin Sorhaindo's single five-year term. Shaw left office on October 1, 2003, and was succeeded by Nicholas Liverpool. He died on December 2, 2013 from a heart attack, aged 83.

References

1930 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Presidents of Dominica
Gal Gadot

Gal Gadot (aka Gal Gadot-Varsano;   ; ; born 30 April 1985) is an Israeli actress and model. Gadot won Miss Israel 2004, before serving in the Israel Defence Forces. She played Gisele Yashar in the 2009 movie Fast and Furious. Gadot also played Wonder Woman in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice in 2016. She appeared in the solo movie Wonder Woman (2017) and again as Wonder Woman in Justice League (2017). 

In 2013, she was ranked as the second highest earning fashion model in Israel. She is the face of Gucci's Bamboo perfume. 

In 2019, Gadot formed her production company Pilot Wave, alongside her husband Yaron Varsano. Since the formation of the company, a number of projects have been announced, including a number of biographical films about important female historical figures, including Irena Sendler, Hedy Lamarr and Cleopatra.

Early life
Gadot was born in Petah Tikva, Israel to Jewish parents and grew up in Rosh HaAyin, Israel. In Hebrew, her first name means "wave". Her last name means "riverbanks". Her parents were born in Israel. Her father Michael Gadot is an engineer. Her mother Irit (née Weiss) is a teacher. Gadot's maternal grandfather Abraham Weiss was a Holocaust survivor from Czechoslovakia. She is descended from Ashkenazi Jews, with ancestry from the Levant and Southern Europe. Her father's family  comprising of Palestinian Jews. As a child, Gadot required speech therapy due to a speech disorder. She was a skilled ballet, hip-hop and modern jazz dancer growing up, as well as a volleyball and tennis player. She was a member of her high school's basketball team. Gadot's first job was at Burger King.

Military service
From the age of 20, Gadot served for two years as a soldier of the Israel Defense Forces. She did well in the three-month training. Gadot says of her time in the army, "You give two or three years, and it's not about you. You give your freedom away for a while. You learn discipline and respect".

Filmography

Film

Television

References

Other websites

 

1985 births
Living people
Israeli movie actors
Israeli television actors
Israeli voice actors
Israeli stage actors
Israeli Jews
Israeli models
Jewish actors
Jewish models
Kees Brusse

Kees Brusse (6 February 1925 – 9 December 2013) was a Dutch actor and movie director. He appeared in 47 movie and television shows since 1936. He starred in the 1975 movie Dokter Pulder zaait papavers. It was entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival.

References

Other websites

Kees Brusse at Virtual History

1925 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Dutch movie actors
Dutch movie directors
Dutch stage actors
Dutch television actors
People from Rotterdam
Jim Hall (musician)

James Stanley "Jim" Hall (December 4, 1930 – December 10, 2013) was an American jazz guitarist, composer, and arranger. 

Hall died in his sleep in his Manhattan, New York apartment on December 10, 2013 from a heart attack, aged 83.

References

Other websites

 Jim Hall's official website
 Jim Hall's fan website
 
 "In Conversation with Jim Hall"  by Patrick Spurling (Jazz.com )

1930 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American jazz musicians
American guitarists
American composers
Musicians from Buffalo, New York
Don Lund

Donald Andrew Lund (May 18, 1923 – December 10, 2013) was a backup outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Brooklyn Dodgers (1945, 1947, 1948[start]), St. Louis Browns (1948[end]) and Detroit Tigers (1949–1954). He batted and threw right-handed.

He died on December 10, 2013 at the age of 90 in Ann Arbor, Michigan at his home from natural causes.

Other websites
Baseball Library Entry for Don Lund 
Vintage Card Traders 1954 Series Don Lund Card 

1923 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
American baseball players
Major League Baseball players
Sportspeople from Detroit, Michigan
Brooklyn Dodgers players
Detroit Tigers players
Rossana Podestà

Rossana Podestà (20 June 1934 – 10 December 2013) was an Italian actress. She was known for her roles in Ulysses and Helen of Troy.

She was born in Tripoli, in the Italian colony of Libya on 20 June 1934. She was married to Walter Bonatti until his death in 2011. Podestà died from brain cancer in Rome, Italy, aged 79.

Some movies
 1950: Strano appuntamento
 1951: Domani è un altro giorno
 1951: The Seven Dwarfs to the Rescue
 1952: Il moschettiere fantasma
 1955: Ulysses
 1958: Helen of Troy
 1964: Le ore nude
 1974: The Sensual Man
 1985: Segreti, segreti

References

Other websites
 

1934 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
People from Tripoli
Lino Grech

Lino Grech (1930 – 1 December 2013) was a Maltese actor, writer, activist and director. He was known for his roles in Final Justice (1985), Black Eagle (1988) and A Fine Romance (1989).

Personal life
Grech was born in Sliema. Lino Grech died on the night of 1 December 2013, aged 83, at the Mater Dei Hospital in Msida from prostate cancer. He is survived by his wife and his two children. His funeral took place on 4 December. His remains were cremated.

Career
His career began in 1975 with stage work. He translated works done by Arthur Miller and by Lope de Vega.

Grech was noted for his role on the television drama F'Bahar Wiehed (1970s). It was the first Maltese-language television series, which broadcast on TVM. Greech also directed and wrote stage works. Grech wanted to strengthen the theatrical and television works in Malta. 

In the 1990s, he wrote episodes for television shows such as Hypocrites, Simpatiċi, The Family Grech, and Now We See.

Besides acting, Grech was a labor union activist. He led one of the longest strikes on workers' rights in Maltese history.

References

Other websites

1930 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Maltese writers
Maltese activists
Movie actors
Television actors
Movie directors
Brian Hitchen

Brian Hitchen, CBE (8 July 1936 – 2 December 2013) was a British newspaper editor. Late in his career, he worked as a publisher. 

An incident with a car while crossing the road near Alicante, in Spain, led to his wife being killed instantly, while Hitchen himself died from his injuries a few hours later.

References

1936 births
2013 deaths
Road accident deaths
English journalists
Publishers
Writers from Lancashire
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Salim Kallas

Salim Kallas (; 13 November 1936 − 2 December 2013) was a Syrian actor and politician.

Kallas died following a long battle of lung cancer on 2 December 2013, aged 77, in Damascus. He left behind him; his wife, his son and his five daughters. His burial took place on the following day, 3 December.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Damascus
Radio personalities
Syrian politicians
Television actors
Riff Raff

Horst Christian Simco, better known as Riff Raff, is a rapper, singer and songwriter from Texas. He joined the band The Neighborhood in 2013. His second album Neon Icon is going to be released by Mad Decent in January 2014. 2 Chainz, Drake, Snoop Dogg, and Juicy J worked on the album with Riff Raff.

Discography

Albums
 The Golden Alien (2012)  
 Neon Icon (2014)

Collaborations
 ¡Three Loco! (2012) (with Andy Milonakis & Dirt Nasty as Three Loco)
 Jumpin Out The Gym (2013) (with DollaBillGates) 
 Galaxy Gladiators (2014) (with Action Bronson)

Mixtapes
 The Texas Tornado (2009)
 Never Ending Saturday (2009)
 Party McHardy (2010)
 Rookie of The Future (2010)
 The Freestyle Scientist (2010)
 Hilton Swag Vol. 1 (2010)
 Sour & Gun Powder (2011)
 Purple Haze & Hand Grenades (with Lean Team) (2011) 
 Rap Game Bon Jovi (2012) 
 Summer of Surf (2012) 
 Birth of an Icon (2012)
 Hologram Panda (with Dame Grease) (2012)
 Neon Vibes (with Harry Fraud) (2013)

References

1982 births
Rap musicians from Texas
Musicians from Houston, Texas
Living people
Johan van Hulst

Johan Wilhelm van Hulst (January 28, 1911 – March 22, 2018) was a Dutch retired politician. He served as Member of the Senate from July 3, 1956 until June 10, 1981. He was the Parliamentary leader of the Christian Historical Union in the Senate from December 10, 1968 until June 8, 1977 when the Christian Historical Union merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal.

Van Hulst was also a chess player and a former academic.

On March 22, 2018, Van Hulst died in Amsterdam at the age of 107.

References

Other websites 
  Dr. J.W. (Johan) van Hulst (Parlement & Politiek)
  Dr. J.W. van Hulst (CDA) (Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal)

1911 births
2018 deaths
Chess players
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Christian Historical Union politicians
Dutch academics
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch centenarians
Dutch people of World War II
Former MEPs
Humanitarians
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
MEPs for the Netherlands
Politicians from Amsterdam
Sportspeople from Amsterdam
Jackson Browne

Clyde Jackson Browne (born October 9, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. He has sold over 18 million albums in the United States alone. People know him for his songs "These Days", "The Pretender", "Running on Empty", "Lawyers in Love", "Doctor My Eyes", "Take It Easy", "For a Rocker", and "Somebody's Baby". 

Browne was born in Heidelberg, Germany on October 9, 1948 to an American family. He was raised in Los Angeles.

On March 24, 2020, Browne announced that he had tested positive for COVID-19 during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic.

Discography
Studio albums
 Jackson Browne (1972)
 For Everyman (1973)
 Late for the Sky (1974)
 The Pretender (1976)
 Running on Empty (1977)
 Hold Out (1980)
 Lawyers in Love (1983)
 Lives in the Balance (1986) 
 World in Motion (1989)
 I'm Alive (1993)
 Looking East (1996) 
 The Naked Ride Home (2002)
 Time the Conqueror (2008)
 Standing in the Breach (2014)

Related pages

List of country musicians from California

References

Other websites

Wilson & Alroy's reviews of Jackson Browne recordings
All Music Guide Overview of Jackson Browne, including album reviews

1948 births
Living people
American rock singers
American folk singers
American folk musicians
American rock guitarists
American political activists
Musicians from Los Angeles
People from Heidelberg
Singer-songwriters from California
Country musicians from California
Silvio Zavala

Silvio Arturo Zavala Vallado (February 7, 1909 – December 5, 2014) was a Mexican historian. He was an expert in law studies and Mexico's history.

Zavala born in Mérida, Yucatán on February 7, 1909. He studied at the National University of Mexico and at the University of Madrid. Zavala obtained a Ph.D. in law from the latter. He began his professional career in Spain in the Center for Historic Studies in Madrid.

Zavala died in Mexico City on December 5, 2014, aged 105.

References

Other websites
 Biography 

1909 births
2014 deaths
Centenarians
Mexican historians
Moonwalker

Moonwalker, also known as Michael Jackson: Moonwalker, is an American movie. It was released in 1988 in theatres in Europe and South America. The movie is a collection of eight short films about Michael Jackson. It is 93 minutes long. It made US$67,000,000 at box offices. On January 10, 1989, it was released on video on the United States and Canada. The video had sold more than 800,000 copies in the U.S. by April 17, 1989. The movie is named after a dance move that Jackson did called the moonwalk. John Lennon's son Sean is in the movie. Jackson executive produced Moonwalker.
Brandon Quentin Adams won the 1989 Young Artist Award for Best Young Actor/Actress in a Film Made for Video for his role as Zeke, a child version of Jackson, in the movie.
In 1989, Blackthorne Publishing made the movie into a comic book called Moonwalker 3-D.

References

1988 movies
Michael Jackson
American superhero movies
Hallasan

Hallasan is one of Korea's three most sacred mountains. It is on Jeju-do, the southernmost island of Republic of Korea. It is 1,950m tall. On the top of Hallasan, there is a crater called Baek Rok Dam. It was an active volcano until about 25,000 years ago. It is now dormant. Hallasan is made of basalt, a type of black rock that is produced by volcanoes. It extends east to west. The south side of Hallasan is very steep. The slope of the north side is gentle. The east and south are relatively high but smooth.

Trails 
There are seven trails on Hallasan.

Eorimok covers a total of 6.8km and takes about three hours for a one way trip.
Yeongsil is a 3.7km foot trail from Yeongsil Resting Area to Witsae-oreum Shelter. A one-way trip takes 1 hour and 30 minutes.
Seongpanak trail is a 9.6km course and it takes about four and half hours for a one-way hike.
Gwaneumsa trail is 8.7km long and takes 5 hours for a one-way trip.
Donnaeko trail covers 7 km and takes about 3 hours and 30 minutes for a one-way trip.
Eoseungsaengak trail is 1.3km long and a one-way trip takes 30 minutes.
The 1.5-kilometer Seokgulam Trail takes about 50 minutes one away to Seokgulam hermitage.

Scenery 
Hallasan has subtropical plants, warm-climate plants, and subarctic plants. In spring, there royal azalea, and yellow rape. There are also maple trees. In winter, the mountain is covered with snow. There are deer, which are the symbol of Hallasan.

Designation 
The ever-changing colors of the scenery make people admire the beauty of nature, and this is why Hallasan was selected as a national park on March 24 1970.  All of Jeju Volcanic Island was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007. During the last week in January, there is a snow-flower festival in Hallasan.

References 

Hallasan, Doosanpedia  
Hallasan official website  
Hallasan, Encyclopedia of Korean Culture

Geography of Korea
Mountains of Asia
Aleqa Hammond

Aleqa Hammond (born 23 September 1965) is a Greenlandic politician. She was the leader of the Siumut party and also the country's first female Prime Minister after her party emerged as the largest in the 2013 elections.

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Greenland
Protestants
Juan Vicente Torrealba

Juan Vicente Torrealba (20 February 1917 – 2 May 2019) was a Venezuelan harpist and composer of popular music.

Torrealba died at the age of 102 from heart failure on 2 May 2019, aged 102.

References

Other websites

 Juan Vicente Torrealba Discography (partial)

1917 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Centenarians
Composers
Musicians
People from Caracas
Venezuelan people
Arnoldo Foà

Arnoldo Foà (24 January 1916 – 11 January 2014) was an Italian movie actor. He has appeared in more than 130 movie since 1938. He was born in Ferrara, Italy.

Foà died on the morning of 11 January 2014, 13 days before his 98th birthday, from respiratory failure in his home in Rome, Italy.

References

Other websites

1916 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Emilia-Romagna
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Italy
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian voice actors
People from Ferrara
Jacque Fresco

Jacque Fresco (March 13, 1916 – May 18, 2017) was an American self-taught structural designer, architectural designer, concept artist, educator, and futurist. Fresco wrote and lectured his views concerning sustainable cities, energy efficiency, natural-resource management, cybernetic technology, advanced automation, and the role of science in society. He was of Jewish descent.

Fresco died at his home in Sebring, Florida from complications of Parkinson's disease on May 18, 2017, aged 101.

References

Other websites

  – The Venus Project

1916 births
2017 deaths
American centenarians
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Florida
Futurists
Jewish American writers
Writers from Brooklyn
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (May 19, 1860 – December 1, 1952) was an Italian diplomat and political figure. He was born in Palermo, Sicily. His father, a landed gentleman, delayed venturing out to register his son's birth for fear of Giuseppe Garibaldi's 1,000 patriots who had just stormed into Sicily on the first leg of their march to build an Italian nation.

References

Other websites

Arlacchi, Pino (1988). Mafia Business. The Mafia Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 
Dickie, John (2004). Cosa Nostra. A history of the Sicilian Mafia, London: Coronet, 
Lauren, Paul G. (1988). Power And Prejudice: The Politics And Diplomacy Of Racial Discrimination, Boulder (CO): Westview Press, 

1860 births
1952 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Prime Ministers of Italy
People from Palermo
Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
Gabriel Axel

Axel Gabriel Erik Mørch better known as Gabriel Axel (18 April 1918 – 9 February 2014) was a Danish movie director, actor, writer and producer. He is best known for the movie Babette's Feast (1987). He wrote and directed this movie. He won an Academy Award for it.

Axel died on 9 February 2014 at the age of 95.

References

Other websites
 

1918 births
2014 deaths
Danish movie actors
Danish writers
Danish movie directors
Danish screenwriters
Television directors
Aarhus
WWE Saturday Morning Slam

WWE Saturday Morning Slam was a professional wrestling show made by the WWE.

During its televised history in the United States it was shown on The CW during its Vortexx Saturday morning block. It was centered around being more family-friendly and targeted towards children. The show ran from August 25, 2012 to May 11, 2013. The show was cancelled because of creative differences between both the WWE and Saban Brands.

Commentator history

Related pages
WWE

References

World Wrestling Entertainment television programs
2012 American television series debuts
2013 American television series endings
Reed College

Reed College is a private liberal arts college in Portland Oregon. Reed was begun in 1908 and had its first classes in 1911. Reed is an undergraduate school. An unusually high number of Reed's students go on to get Ph.D.s after they graduate. Reed is the only private undergraduate school to have a nuclear reactor. 

Tuition at Reed is about $44,200 a year. Reed is secular, meaning the school is not part of a religion. The school does not do very many NCAA sports, and it does not have any fraternities or sororities. 

Reed students are called "Reedies". Students are often called nonconformists. As a joke, some students say the motto of the school is "Communism, Atheism, Free Love".

People
Some famous or important people who went to Reed include:
 Bud Clark - Mayor of Portland from 1985 to 1992.
 Richard Danzig - 71st United States Secretary of the Navy 
 Steve Jobs - Helped start Apple Inc. and Pixar
 Hope Lange - Actress who won an Emmy Award
 Larry Sanger - Helped start Wikipedia

References

Colleges and universities in Oregon
Portland, Oregon
1908 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Oregon
Kevin Thorn

Kevin Matthew Fertig (born January 17, 1977) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for working with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under the ring names, Mordecai and Kevin Thorn.

Under the Mordecai name, he portrayed a religious zealot and under his Kevin Thorn name, he portrayed a vampire character along with his manager Ariel.

In January 2009, he was offered a new contract with WWE, but turned it down. WWE announced that he was released from contract by request on January 9, even though his contract did not end until April 5 which prevented him from wrestling for other promotions.

Championships

Frontier Elite Wrestling
FEW Heavyweight Championship (five times, current)
FEW Deadman's Heavyweight Championship (three times)
Memphis Championship Wrestling
MCW Hardcore Championship (one time)
MCW Southern Heavyweight Championship (one time)
MCW Southern Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Trash)
Memphis Wrestling
Memphis Wrestling Southern Heavyweight Championship (two times)
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Travis Bane)

References

1977 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Memphis, Tennessee
Former WWE wrestlers
Big Hero 6 (movie)

Big Hero 6 is an American computer animated supehero buddy comedy movie based on the Marvel Comics superhero comic that has the same name. It was released on November 5, 2014 by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The movie grossed over $651.8 million worldwide making it the highest-grossing animated movie of 2014, it also won the 87th Oscars for best animated feature.

The movie is about a boy named Hiro. and it is a 53rd movie. He lives in the city of San Fransokyo (a mixture of Tokyo and San Francisco). He changes himself and his friends into high-tech heroes to protect the city. One of his friends is Baymax, a robot created by Tadashi (Hiro's brother). Baymax's only purpose is to take care of people.

Release Dates

References 

2014 action movies
2014 animated movies
2014 comedy movies
2014 science fiction movies
2010s superhero movies
Academy Award winning movies
American action comedy movies
American animated movies
American buddy movies
American science fiction movies
Comedy science fiction movies
Computer-animated movies
Disney animated movies
English-language movies
Movies about revenge
Movies that won the Best Animated Feature Academy Award
Lost (Frank Ocean song)

"Lost" is a song from Frank Ocean, from his album Channel Orange. It is about a girl who does drugs and feels lost. It is an R&B and pop song.

2012 songs
Pyramids (song)

"Pyramids" is a song by Frank Ocean. It is from the album Channel Orange. The song is about a pimp who falls in love with one of his prostitutes. It is an R&B and electronica song. It is almost 10 minutes long.

2012 songs
R&B songs
Songs about prostitutes
Cleanin' Out My Closet

"Cleanin' Out My Closet" is a serious song by Eminem from the album The Eminem Show. Its lyrics are dealing with how people protest against his lyrics, his father abandoning his family and his mother's drug use.

2002 songs
Songs about drugs
Eminem songs
On My Level

"On My Level" is a song by Wiz Khalifa featuring Too $hort. It is a dark song about partying and smoking. It is from his album Rolling Papers.

2011 songs
Songs about drugs
Siege of Odessa

The Siege of Odessa was a siege battle during World War II. It was part of the Eastern Front area of operations in 1941. It was done by Romanian forces and the German Army's (Wehrmacht Heer) 11th Army (11. Armee). They attacked the city of Odessa in the Soviet Union.

Due to the strong fighting of the 9th Independent Army (initially) and the Separate Coastal Army, and the Black Sea Fleet forces in Odessa, it took the Romanian army 73 days of siege and four attacks to capture the city. They had 93,000 casualties. The Red Army had 41,000 casualties. Some historians say the Red Army had 60,000 casualties.

Before the battle

On 27 July 1941, Hitler sent a letter to General Antonescu asking for Romanian troops.

On 8 August, the Romanians ordered the 4th Army to capture Odessa.
They thought the city would surrender quickly. However, Odessa was a heavily fortified city. It had trenches, anti-tank ditches, pillboxes and other defences.

Overall, the Red Army had some 34,500 men and 240 artillery pieces in the area. Airplanes included two seaplane squadrons and one bomber squadron.

The Romanian 4th Army planned to attack Odessa. The 5th Corps would go north then turn south.

Battle

On 9 August, the 4th Dorobanti Regiment defeated the Soviet forces in the Bakalovy area. The 30th Dorobanţi Regiment captured the village of Ponyatovka.

The 1st Armored Division defeated the Soviet forces at Bolschaya Buzhalyk, breaking through Odessa's first line of defense.

The 10th Dorobanţi Regiment beat the Soviet forces at Lozovaya. The 4th Army surrounded Odessa.

On 17 August, Romanian troops capturing Odessa's water reservoirs. The Soviet forces fought hard. There were many losses on both sides.

By 24 August, the Romanians were stopped at the Soviets' main line of defense. The 4th Army already 
had 27,307 casualties, including 5,329 killed.

On 28 August, the Romanians attacked again. They had help from a German assault battalion and ten heavy artillery battalions.

A German force came to help the Romanians. The Soviets also received 15,000 men and ammunition. 
Then the 157th Rifle Division arrived with 12,600 troops. Also, 18 Soviet companies were brought in from Novorossiysk.

Footnotes

References
 
Glantz, David M. & House, Jonathan (1995), When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 

Odessa
20th century in Ukraine
1941 in Europe
Odessa
19 (album)

19 is the first album by Adele. It was released on 28 January 2008. It went straight to number one in the United Kingdom's record charts. The album was produced by Jim Abbiss, Mark Ronson, and Eg White.

Track listing
 "Daydreamer"
 "Best for Last"
 "Chasing Pavements"
 "Cold Shoulder"
 "Crazy for You"
 "Melt My Heart to Stone"
 "First Love"
 "Right as Rain"
 "Make You Feel Me Love"
 "My Same"
 "Tired"
 "Hometown Glory"

Credits and personnel
 Vocals - Adele

References

2008 albums
Adele albums
Soul albums
Debut albums
Folk albums
Pop albums
Rock albums
Our Version of Events

Our Version of Events is the first album by Emeli Sandé. The album was released on 13 February 2012 by Virgin Records. Six singles were released from the album.

2012 albums
San Juan, Argentina

San Juan is the capital city of the San Juan Province in Argentina.

Cities in Argentina
Capitals of Argentine provinces
WWF No Mercy

WWF No Mercy is a professional wrestling video game developed by Asmik Ace Entertainment and AKI Corporation and published by THQ.  The game was released on the Nintendo 64.

It was released on November 17, 2000 in North America and on December 15, 2000 in Europe. It is a sequel to the 1999 video game, WWF WrestleMania 2000.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 9 out of 10 and said "No Mercy is a terrific game from top to bottom. The game mechanics are sound, the animation is fantastic, the characters are very responsive and there's a tremendous amount of game modes.”

GameSpot gave the game a 7.7 out of 10 and stated "If you're still drooling over Wrestlemania 2000, then the roster updates, graphical refinements, bonus secrets, and new modes found in WWF No Mercy should be more than enough to keep you going for another year."

References

2000 video games
Nintendo 64 games
No Mercy
WWE Day of Reckoning 2

WWE Day of Reckoning 2 is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ.

It was released on August 29, 2005 in North America, September 23, 2005 in Europe, October 7, 2005 in Australasia.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.5 out of 10 saying "The control mechanics, already solidly grapple-heavy and speedy, are made more intuitive still by a strategic synergy between stamina and submission systems, and complemented again by a fun momentum shift. The result is a wrestling game with less button mashing and more strategy."

GameSpot gave the game a 8.1 out of 10 and stated "Though some may be disappointed by the fact that it isn't a huge leap past what Day of Reckoning put forth, fans of the first game are certain to have a great time with the sequel."

References

2005 video games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
THQ games
Day of Reckoning 2
Battle of Gemmano

The Battle of Gemmano was a battle fought between the German and Allied forces in World War II. It was part of the Allies' Operation Olive, the attack in August 1944 on the Gothic Line. This was the German line of defence in the Apennines in northern Italy.

It consisted of a series of four British attacks between 4 September to 15 September 1944. The British attacked the German defences in and around the village of Gemmano. The village was captured on 9 September during the second attack.

Two more attacks were required to capture the surrounding area. Fighting was heavy. The Battle of Gemmano has been called the "Cassino of the Adriatic" by some historians.

European battles of World War II
1944 in Italy
September 1944 events
WWE Day of Reckoning

WWE Day of Reckoning is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ.

It was released on August 30, 2004 in North America, September 17, 2004 in the PAL region, and on January 13, 2005 in Japan.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.3 out of 10 saying "The game's intuitive grappling system is still fast and fun, and once you get the hang of counters and reversals you'll really gain an appreciation for the depth hiding underneath the simplified control scheme."

GameSpot gave the game a 8.2 out of 10 and stated "Day of Reckoning is truly the first great WWE game on the GameCube."

References

2004 video games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
THQ games
Day of Reckoning
Battle of Garfagnana

The Battle of Garfagnana () was known to the Germans as Operation Winter Storm (Unternehmen Wintergewitter) and nicknamed the "Christmas Offensive" (Italian: Offensiva di Natale).

It was an attack of Axis forces on the western sector of the Gothic Line during World War II. It happened in December 1944 in the north Tuscan Apennines, near Massa and Lucca.

In late December 1944 the German 14th Army under General Kurt von Tippelskirch attacked the left side of the U.S. Fifth Army in the Serchio valley. He wanted to make the U.S. forces stay there.

The Allies had ordered two brigades from Indian 8th Infantry Division to be moved to help the U.S. 92nd Infantry Division. By the time they had arrived the Germans and Italians had captured Barga. U.S. soldiers had intended to retreat to Lucca. The German / Italian force stopped the attack and withdrew.

Barga was recaptured one week later by the New Year. The western Gothic Line remained in place until late March 1945.

Historical background

Benito Mussolini and his Defense Minister, Marshal Rodolfo Graziani, wanted to create an Italian Army. They did not want this army to be under German control. They wanted some of the newly created Italian Divisions to attack the Allies in the Italian peninsula.

They planned an attack in Garfagnana for two of their new Divisions. There would be 40,000 men and airplanes. Their goal was recapturing Lucca, Pisa and Livorno in Tuscany from the Allies. But the Italians lacked arms, tanks and airplanes.

The Germans created their own attack,
With 9,000 soldiers (mostly Italians), they attacked in Garfagnana a small area of the Gothic Line. They wanted to move the Allies back .

Groups from the U.S. 92nd Infantry Division moved near Garfagnana sector in November 1944. They did not
capture Castelnuovo di Garfagnana.

The battle
Following the Ardennes Offensive in mid-December, the Allies thought the Axis might try an attack in Northern Italy.
The 19th and 21st Brigades of the Indian 8th Infantry Division were moved to help the U.S. 92nd Infantry Division in front of Lucca.

On 26 December, several RSI military did the "Operation Winter Storm" (Wintergewitter) attacks with three German battalions. This was a German and Italian attack against the American 92nd Infantry Division. A total of 9,100 Axis troops (of which 66% were Italians), with 100 artillery pieces but no tanks attacked. There were 18,000 Allied troops with 140 artillery batteries and 120 tanks.

Their goal was to capture the small towns of Barga, Sommocolonia, Vergemoli, Treppignana, Coreglia, Fornaci di Barga, Promiana, Castelvecchio and Calomini. These were all north-west of Lucca. By 27 December the attack was over. In the morning, the German troops entered Pian di Coreglia.

The next morning, the Axis troops occupied Piano di Coreglia. The Axis troops got more than 25 kilometres inside the Allies lines.

References

European battles of World War II
1944 in Italy
December events
Nadir Afonso

Nadir Afonso, GOSE (December 4, 1920 – December 11, 2013) was a Portuguese geometric painter. He painted abstract art. He wanted to be in architecture, which he practiced early in his career with Le Corbusier and Oscar Niemeyer. Afonso later studied painting in Paris and became one of the experts in Kinetic art. He worked alongside Victor Vasarely, Fernand Léger, Auguste Herbin, and André Bloc.

References

Other websites 

 
Nadir Afonso Foundation website

1920 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Portuguese painters
Architects
Tirol-Choco

Tirol-Choco () is a type of chocolate made in Japan. It has been made since 2004. Tyrol is an area of Austria. When Tirol-Choco's president visited Austria, he decided to use the name to give his brand a fresh image.

Tirol-Choco is cheap. It costs about 10 yen (10 cents) to 30 yen (30 cents).

References 

Desserts
Japanese food
Renée Asherson

Dorothy Renée Ascherson (19 May 1915 – 30 October 2014), known professionally as Renée Asherson, was an English actress. Much of her theatrical career was spent in Shakespearean plays, appearing at such venues as the Old Vic, the Liverpool Playhouse, and the Westminster Theatre. Her first stage appearance was on 17 October 1935, aged 20, and her first major film appearance was in The Way Ahead (1944). Her last film appearance was in The Others (2001).

Her first stage appearance was in 1935. Her first feature movie was the 1944 movie The Way Ahead. Her most recent motion picture was in 2001's The Others.

Asherson was married to fellow actor Robert Donat from 1953 until his death in 1958. His severe asthma led to their separation, although a reconciliation had seemed possible just before the end of his life. Although Donat had three children from his previous marriage, they had no children together.

She never remarried. She died on 30 October 2014, aged 99. Among her surviving relatives is her nephew, the journalist Neal Ascherson.

References

Other websites

1915 births
2014 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from London
John Dobson

John Lowry Dobson (September 14, 1915 – January 15, 2014) was an American astronomer. He known for creating a design for a popular Newtonian telescope, named after him, the Dobsonian telescope.

Dobson died at Burbank, California on January 15, 2014. He was 98.

References

Other websites
 Sidewalk Astronomers – This website includes John Dobson's official schedule.
 The San Francisco Sidewalk Astronomers
 John Dobson of The Sidewalk Astronomers – Papers and articles written by John Dobson
 Dobson Space Telescope
 A Sidewalk Astronomer A film about Astronomy, Cosmology and John Dobson

1915 births
2014 deaths
American astronomers
Monks
People from Beijing
Danuta Szaflarska

Danuta Szaflarska (6 February 1915 in Kosarzyska, Piwniczna-Zdrój, Poland – 19 February 2017 in Warsaw) was a Polish movie and stage actress. She is sometimes called the legend of Polish cinema. In 2008, she was awarded the Złota Kaczka for the best Polish actress of the century.

Other websites

1915 births
2017 deaths
Polish movie actors
Polish stage actors
Polish radio actors
Nasi goreng

Nasi goreng is a traditional dish from Indonesia, a place in South East Asia. It is a style of fried rice. The name is Malay; nasi means "rice" and goreng means "fried or to fry". It is also popular for late-night supper sold from street vendors. It can be found almost anywhere in Indonesia. It is also popular in Malaysia and Singapore.

In 2011, CNN International announced that nasi goreng is the number two of their "World's 50 Most Delicious Foods" list.

Ingredients
There is no single recipe for nasi goreng, as there are various types. The basic ingredients generally include: cooked rice, kecap manis (sweet soy sauce), salt, garlic, chilli pepper, fried onions, carrot, egg and chicken. Slices of cucumber, tomato, and lettuce are included for garnishing. Eggs can be either mixed into fried rice in the beginning as scrambled eggs or served separately as fried eggs. In general, acar – pickle made from vinegar preserved cucumber, carrot, shallots, and small chilli pepper – and krupuk – deep fried prawn crackers – are provided as side dishs.

The flavor of nasi goreng can vary depending on the region. There are some variations, such as nasi goreng Bali which is cooked in Bali; nasi goreng seafood which includes shrimp, fish and squid, or nasi goreng satay which includes satay (seasoned and grilled skewered meat chunks with peanut sauce). When cooking it, one may put anything that can harmonize with the taste.

Even though any ingredient can be added in nasi goreng, what cannot be taken out is the kecap manis. Kecap manis is very crucial in the dish which gives the flavor to the nasi goreng. It is what makes the taste of nasi goreng different from other Asian styles of fried rice. Other sauces such as ikan asin (salted dried fish) and saus tiram (oyster sauce) can be added as well. The spiciness of nasi goreng is decided by the amount of sambal (chilli sauce). The sambal can be added during the cooking process or added individually while eating, depending on the preference.

References

Rice dishes
Asian foods
Patricia Morison

Patricia Morison (born Eileen Patricia Augusta Fraser Morison; March 19, 1915 – May 20, 2018) was an American actress and singer. She was known for her role as the lead in the original production of Cole Porter's Kiss Me, Kate. 

Morison died on May 20, 2018 in Los Angeles at the age of 103.

References

Other websites

 
 
 2010 interview  with the Park La Brea News
 Norwegian Actresses in Hollywood
 YouTube:  Alfred Drake and Patricia Morison singing "Wunderbar" from the 1958 television production "Kiss, Me Kate" on Hallmark Hall of Fame

1915 births
2018 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American musical theatre actors
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Mohammed Burhanuddin

Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin () (Abul-Qaid Johar Mohammed Burhanuddin) (6 March 1915 – 17 January 2014) was an Indian Islamic religious leader. He is the 52nd Dai of the Dawoodi Bohras. The Dawoodi Bohras are a sub group within the Mustaali, Ismaili Shia branch of Islam.

Burhanuddin died on 17 January 2014 at the age of 98 due to a heart attack in Mumbai.

References

1915 births
2014 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in India
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Gujarat
Indian religious leaders
Muslims
People of British India
John Freeman (British politician)

Major John Freeman (19 February 1915 – 20 December 2014) was a British politician, diplomat and broadcaster. He was the Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for Watford from 1945 to 1955. 

Following the death of Morgan Morgan-Giles on 4 May 2013, Freeman was the oldest surviving former MP. He was the last survivor of those elected to Parliament in 1945, and the former MP with the earliest date of first election.

Freeman died on 20 December 2014 in London, aged 99.

References

Other websites
Entry in the Dictionary of Labour Biography 
John Freeman: Face to face with an enigma, The New Statesman, 7 March 2013

1915 births
2014 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British academics
British diplomats
British military personnel of World War II
English television presenters
Former Labour Party (UK) MPs
Majors
People educated at Westminster School, London
Politicians from London
Television personalities from London
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom
Choco pie

A choco pie is a small snack cake made up of two small round layers of cake with marshmallow filling and a chocolate covering.

History 

The origin of Choco Pie goes back to 1917 in the American South. Chattanooga Bakery in Chattanooga, Tennessee created the Moon pie with Graham crackers and marshmallow filling which is similar to the Choco Pie of nowadays.

Tongyang R&D, the snack company of South Korea, began selling a similar type of chocolate cake with marshmallow filling named 'Orion Choco Pie' in 1974. A member of the company was inspired by a chocolate-coated cake in a restaurant in a hotel in the U.S. state of Georgia on a business trip. After he got back to Korea, he made many experiment to make that kind of chocolate cake. Finally, he created the Choco Pie as it is known to Koreans now. Later, Tongyang R&D changed its name to Orion Confectionery because of the success of 'Orion Choco Pie'. In addition, similar versions of Choco Pie were produced by Lotte Confectionary and Crown Confectionery.

Export 
From the 2000s, Orin Choco Pie has been exported all over the world. A third of Orion’s profits is from outside Korea. Orion has four major share markets- South Korea, China, Vietnam, and Russia. Also it is exported to North Korea, and it is sometimes used as bonuses for North Korean workers.

Legal controversy 
Although Orion firstly began to produce 'Choco Pie', Lotte Confectionary also named its product with the same name 'Choco Pie'. Orion filed a lawsuit claiming ‘Choco Pie’ is its property, but it failed. The court had them allow 'Choco Pie' as a common noun. So there are three types of 'Choco Pie' from different companies, Orion, Lotte, and Crown.

Snack foods
American food
WWE All Stars

WWE All-Stars is a professional wrestling video game developed by THQ San Diego and published by THQ.

It was released on March 29, 2011 in North America, March 31, 2011 in Europe, April 1, 2011 in Europe, May 3, 2011 in Korea, and August 11, 2011 in Japan. It was released for the Nintendo 3DS on November 22, 2011 in North America and on November 25, 2011 in Europe.

It was announced by THQ along with WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2011 at E3 2010.

As of April 28, 2013, the online multiplayer servers are shut down.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 7 out of 10

GameSpot gave the game a 6 out of 10 and stated "Weak sound effects hamstring the beefed-up action of WWE All Stars, though there is still some entertainment to be had here."

The game was nominated in the "Best Fighting Game" category at the 2011 Spike Video Game Awards.

References

2011 video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation Portable games
Nintendo 3DS games
Wii games
Xbox 360 games
All Stars
Sports video games
THQ games
Robert Evans

Robert Evans (June 29, 1930 – October 26, 2019) was an American movie producer and studio executive. He was best known for his work on Rosemary's Baby, Love Story, The Godfather, and Chinatown.

Evans died on October 26, 2019 at his home in Beverly Hills, California from stroke-related problems at the age of 89.

References

Other websites

 
 Robert Evans web show on JumpBoxTV
 Life Magazine profile on Robert Evans, published March 7, 1969
 Robert Evans Official Site  The official site of legendary Hollywood producer Robert Evans

1930 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Movie producers from New York
Businesspeople from New York City
Nguyen Ngoc Tho

Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ (26 May 1908 – 1976) was a Vietnamese politician. He was the first Prime Minister of South Vietnam, serving from November 1963 to late January 1964.

References

Other websites

1908 births
1976 deaths
Vietnamese people
Prime ministers
Ronald Hunter

Ronald Lee "Ron" Hunter ( – December 3, 2013) was an American actor. He appeared in many movies and television shows. He is known for appearing on The Big Bang Theory and Law & Order.

Ronald Hunter died of heart and kidney failure on December 3, 2013, aged 70, at the Woodland Hills Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. He was survived by his three children, two grandchildren, and sister.

References

Other websites

1943 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from renal failure
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Mansions of the Lord

"Mansions of the Lord" is a hymn. The words are written by Randall Wallace. It is set to music by Nick Glennie-Smith. It was originally written for the 2002 movie We Were Soldiers. The hymn was also used for Ronald Reagan's funeral. It is about mothers and children losing their loved ones, serving in war, in battle.

Lyrics 
To fallen soldiers let us singWhere no rockets fly nor bullets wingOur broken brothers let us bringTo the Mansions of the Lord

No more bleeding, no more fightNo prayers pleading through the nightJust divine embrace, Eternal lightIn the Mansions of the Lord

Where no mothers cry and no children weepWe will stand and guard though the angels sleepAll through the ages safely keepThe Mansions of the Lord

References
 Reagan Services's 'Mansions of the Lord' — National Public Radio, June 14, 2004. With lyrics and audio.

Christian hymns