cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Marlon Brando

Marlon Brando, Jr. (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an American actor and movie director. He is best known for his roles in the movies A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), The Wild One (1953), On the Waterfront (1954), The Godfather (1972), Superman (1978), Apocalypse Now (1979) and The Island of Dr. Moreau (1996). Brando died of respiratory failure from pulmonary fibrosis and congestive heart failure at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center on July 1, 2004.

Other websites 

Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
American movie actors
American movie directors
American stage actors
American television actors
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Deaths from respiratory failure
Deaths from pulmonary fibrosis
1924 births
2004 deaths
Galician language

Galician (Galician: ) is a modern language that is spoken in Galicia, a region of Spain in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Galician is closely related to Portuguese because they split from the same language, which is now called Galician-Portuguese or Medieval Galician. Some even say that Galician and Portuguese are two dialects of the same language but with different accents. However, most scholars say that the differences are now so great since both languages separated in the Middle Ages that they are now truly different languages. Galician is also very similar to the Leonese language.

Galician is a Romance language that evolved from Vulgar Latin, the Latin of common people in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The area is now Galicia, the western parts of Asturias and Castile-Leon and the Norte region in northern Portugal.

Galician took most of its words from Latin, many from Spanish but some from Germanic and Celtic.

Galician comes from Galician-Portuguese, spoken during the Middle Ages in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia. Today, Galician is spoken only in Galicia and by some people in North America, South America and Western Europe. In Jalisco, Mexico, Galician still leaves traces in the accent and words.

Dialect or language? 
Some people say Galician and Portuguese are really two dialects of the same language because there are not a lot of differences between them, but they are officially two separate languages. Most scholars say they that have become so different over hundreds of years that they are now two different languages.

People who speak Portuguese in northern Portugal, which is close to Galicia, and people who speak Galician in Galicia, say that they can understand a lot each other, but that is less true in the south of Portugal.

References

Languages of Europe
Romance languages
Galicia
Ibn Khaldun

Ibn Khaldun (; , ; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406) was an influential Arab thinker of the 14th century. His family were from Andalusia. Khaldun served the governments of the day in many ways. He was sometimes in prison. He lived in Marrakesh in Morocco for a time, and in Granada. Then he moved to Cairo, where he was a judge.

The most famous book Khaldun wrote is the Kitāb al-ʻIbar (Book of Lessons), a history of the world. The first part, Muqaddimah (Introduction) is often used alone. This book is often credited as inventing sociology. He also wrote his autobiography.

Ibn Khaldun lived a life in search of stability and influence. He came from a family of scholars and politicians and he intended to live up to both expectations. He would succeed in the field of scholarship much more so than in any other field. He died on 17 March 1406, one month after his sixth selection for the office of the Maliki qadi (Judge).

Historians
1332 births
1406 deaths
People from Tunis
Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz () is a brand of cars, trucks, buses and coaches from the Daimler AG company of Germany.  The company was once known as Daimler-Benz and is still sometimes called just "Mercedes."  Mercedes-Benz is the world's oldest car maker and the cars they make cost a lot of money. The symbol of Mercedes-Benz is very famous.  It is a three-pointed star inside of a circle and was designed by one of the men who started the company, Gottlieb Daimler.  The three points of the star stand for land, air and sea because Daimler's engines were used not only in cars and trucks but in airplanes and boats.  The symbol was first used in 1909. 

Mercedes-Benz cars are an important part of the history of the car with many "firsts”.  They were the first to build a diesel-powered car in the 1930s, the first to build a car with fuel injection in the 1950s and the first to offer antilock brakes in the 1970s.  Mercedes-Benz cars have also been important in auto racing history.

Early days 
The Benz Patent-Motorwagen was the company's first production car, built by Rheinische Gasmotorenfabrik Benz & Cie (known today as Mercedes-Benz) it was built in 1885 or 1886. It is often considered the first real gasoline -powered car. By 1901, the cars had become very popular among the rich, mostly because of the efforts of Emil Jellineck.

Models

Models
 A-Class – Hatchback / Sedan
 B-Class – Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV)
 C-Class – Sedan/Saloon, Estate, Coupé and Cabriolet
 CLA – 4-Door Coupé and Estate
 CLS – 4-Door Coupé and Estate
 E-Class – Sedan/Saloon, Estate, Coupé and Cabriolet
 G-Class – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)
 GLA – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)
 GLB – Crossover
 GLC – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)
 GLE – Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)
 GLS –  Sports Utility Vehicle (SUVS
R-Class -- Station wagon/ Crossover
 S-Class – Sedan/Saloon, Coupé & Cabriolet
 SL – Grand Tourer
 SLC – Roadster
 V-Class – Multi Purpose Vehicle (MPV)/ Van
 AMG GT – Sports car
 AMG GT4  – Sports Sedan/Saloon
 X-Class - Pickup Truck
 EQC - Electric Vehicle
 EQV - Electric Transport Vehicle

Vans
Mercedes-Benz builds a range of vans such as the Citan, Vito, and Sprinter

Trucks

Mercedes-Benz Trucks  and Daimler Trucks builds trucks together, They build buses, trucks, the Vito and the Sprinter van.

Buses

Mercedes-Benz has been building buses from 1895 in Mannheim in Germany. Mercedes-Benz produces a wide range of buses and coaches.

Other websites 

 Mercedes Benz global homepage

 
1886 establishments in Europe
1880s establishments in Germany
Game Boy

The , is an 8-bit handheld video game console, first released in Japan in April 1989. It was later released in North America in July 1989 and then in Europe in September 1990. It is Nintendo's first handheld. The Game Boy is also the first portable console to use game cartridges, meaning the games are interchangeable. The Game Boy family eventually extended to include the Game Boy Color, Game Boy Advance, Game Boy Advance SP and Game Boy Micro.

The Game Boy has a green screen that displays four shades of dark green (gray for the Game Boy Pocket). Like the NES, the Game Boy has four buttons and a cross-shaped direction pad. The console has a single speaker, and it can be used with stereo headphones. As many as four Game Boys can be connected together with the Game Boy Link Cable.

The Game Boy was invented by Gunpei Yokoi, who also was responsible for creating the unsuccessful Virtual Boy and the successful Game & Watch games.

Recently, the Game Boy was compared to all Nintendo handhelds and systems released between 1989 and 2016 to see how long each one's battery life lasted, and the Game Boy beat all the other systems with 30 hours of battery life. The Game Boy provided the most game play at its time, and currently still does.

Best-selling games
 Super Mario Land
 Tetris (Included with the Game Boy)
 Alleyway
 Baseball
 Tennis

Sources
Drain

A drain is found in the ground and lets water go through (usually rainwater) to avoid the street or farmland getting flooded.

Basic English 850 words
Water infrastructure
King Crimson

King Crimson are a progressive rock band. They formed in England in 1969. Their music is usually called progressive rock, but they also have jazz, gamelan, classical music, heavy metal and experimental music in their sound. They are not very popular, but they have a loyal group of fans. Their music has influenced a lot of bands and styles of music. King Crimson are most well known for their first album, In the Court of the Crimson King, which helped create progressive rock. Only one person has been in the band since they started, guitarist Robert Fripp. Right now, the people in the band are Robert Fripp, Mel Collins, Gavin Harrison, Jakko Jakszyk, Bill Rieflin, Jeremy Stacey, Tony Levin, and Pat Mastelotto.

History

1960's 
In 1967, drummer Michael Giles and his brother, Peter, a bass guitar player, started a band with Robert Fripp. They recorded one album called The Cheerful Insanity of Giles, Giles and Fripp. This album did not do very well, and a lot of critics wrote bad reviews of it. After this, Ian Mcdonald joined playing keyboards, reeds, and woodwind instruments. Ian McDonald's friend, Peter Sinfield, joined to write lyrics, and Greg Lake replaced Peter Giles on bass guitar. Then they bought a mellotron, which helped them sound more like classical music. They changed their name to King Crimson, and did their first show in Hyde Park, London in 1969. Their first CD, In the Court of the Crimson King, was a huge success. Their original style impressed fans and critics.

1970's
Micheal Giles and Ian Mcdonald left the band to do solo work. The three of them still in the band, Robert Fripp, Peter Sinfield, and Greg Lake, released the single Catfood/Groon. On the next album, woodwind player Mel Collins, singer Gordon Haskell, and Peter Giles all helped record a few songs with the band. King Crimson released their second album, In the Wake of Poseidon, in 1970. It was not very popular because it sounded too much like the first album.

Discography

Studio albums
 In the Court of the Crimson King (1969)
 In the Wake of Poseidon (1970)
 Lizard (1970)
 Islands (1971)
 Larks' Tongues in Aspic (1973)
 Starless and Bible Black (1974)
 Red (1974)
 Discipline (1981)
 Beat (1982)
 Three of a Perfect Pair (1984)
 THRAK (1995)
 The ConstruKction of Light (2000)
 The Power to Believe (2003)

English rock bands
English hard rock bands
English heavy metal bands
New wave bands
Progressive rock bands
Musical groups from London
Fleetwood Mac

Fleetwood Mac are a British-American rock band that formed in London, England in 1967. The group was started by Peter Green. The original group included Mick Fleetwood, John McVie, Jeremy Spencer and Bob Brunning. In 1968 Danny Kirwan joined the band. He was then an 18-year-old guitarist and singer. Peter Green left and, in 1971 was replaced by Christine and John McVie plus Bob Welch. When Welch left he was replaced by Americans Lindsey Buckingham and Stevie Nicks. The band became famous with the release of the album Fleetwood Mac.

Discography

Studio albums
 Fleetwood Mac (1968)
 Mr. Wonderful (1968)
 Then Play On (1969)
 Kiln House (1970)
 Future Games (1971)
 Bare Trees (1972)
 Penguin (1973)
 Mystery to Me (1973)
 Heroes Are Hard to Find (1974)
 Fleetwood Mac (1975)
 Rumours (1977)
 Tusk (1979)
 Mirage (1982)
 Tango in the Night (1987)
 Behind the Mask (1990)
 Time (1995)
 Say You Will (2003)

References 

1967 establishments in England
1960s British music groups
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English rock bands
Musical groups established in 1967
Musical groups from London
Warner Bros. Records artists
Johnny Winter

John Dawson Winter III (February 23, 1944 – July 16, 2014) was an American albino blues musician from Beaumont, Texas. His brother, Edgar Winter, is also a famous musician. He also worked as producer and produced two Grammy winning albums of Muddy Waters (Hard again, I´m ready).

He died in his hotel room in Zurich, Switzerland, aged 70. It happened two days after his last performance there. The cause of his death is currently unknown.

Discography

Official albums
First Winter (1969, Buddha)
The Progressive Blues Experiment (1968, Sonobeat)
Johnny Winter (1969)
Second Winter (1969)
Johnny Winter And (1970)
Live Johnny Winter And (1971)
Roadwork (1972) - with Edgar Winter's White Trash
Still Alive and Well (1973)
Saints & Sinners (1974)
John Dawson Winter III (1974)
Captured Live! (1976)
Together (1976) with Edgar Winter
Nothin' But the Blues (1977)
White, Hot and Blue (1978)
Raisin' Cain (1980)
Guitar Slinger (1984)
Serious Business (1985)
Third Degree (1986)
The Winter of '88 (1988)
Let Me In (1991)
Hey, Where's Your Brother? (1992)
Scorchin' Blues (1992)
Live In NYC '97 (1998)
I'm A Bluesman (2004)
The Johnny Winter Anthology (2009) via Shout! Factory
The Woodstock Experience (2009)

Compilation albums
The Johnny  Winter Story (1969)
About Blues (1970)
Early Times (1970)
Before The Storm (1970)
Birds Can't Row Boats (1988)
 The Texas Tornado (1992)
A Rock n' Roll Collection (1994)
White Hot Blues (1997)
Winter Blues (1997)
Texas Blues: The Early Years (1998)
The Return of Johnny Guitar - best of 1984-86 (2000)
Deluxe Edition (Alligator) (2001)
The Best of Johnny Winter (Sony) (2002)

Non-official albums
Austin, TX also known as The Progressive Blues Experiment (1972)
Dervish Blues (live San Bernardino, Ca.) (1975)
Whole Lotta Love (1978)
Ready for Winter (1981)
Still Blues After All These Years/Live In Chicago (1990)
A Lone Star Kind of Day (Relix- Roy C. Ames production) (1991)
Jack Daniels Kind of Day (1992)
White Lightning (1996)
Back in Beaumont (2000)
Blues'N' Tattoo (recorded Live at Central Park New York - 1980-07-27)

References

Other websites 
 Official website

1944 births
2014 deaths
American guitarists
American record producers
Blues guitarists
People from Beaumont, Texas
Musicians from Texas
Musicians from Mississippi
Paco de Lucía

Paco de Lucia (real name: Francisco Sanchez Gomez, (21 December 1947  25 February 2014) was a Spanish Flamenco guitar player. He was born in Algeciras, Andalusia. He died in Cancún, Mexico from a heart attack. 

1947 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Entertainers from Andalusia
Guitarists
Spanish musicians
Latin Grammy Award winners
Caucasian race

Caucasoid was a word for a person from Europe, West Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, or the Horn of Africa. The group of these persons was called "Caucasoid race" or Caucasian race. In former times, many people divided human beings into three races. These races were called Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid. Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of three races was wrong.

German anthropologist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752 – 1840) invented the name Caucasian race because he saw a connection to the Caucasus Mountains. 

In the United States, white people are often called "Caucasian". But the "Caucasian race" included people with a skin from white to dark brown.

Pictures
Some persons in the pictures have white skin, others have brown skin. But in former times, scientists saw all persons in the pictures as members of the "Caucasian race".

References

Anthropology
Race
Voice

A voice is used when someone speaks or sings. The sound of their voice can be heard when they are speaking. The musical part of a song that is sung by a person using their voice is called vocals. Some people have no voice. This is muteness. 

Many terrestrial animals have a voice, especially those that are vertebrates.

Basic English 850 words
James Madison

James Madison Jr. (March 16,1751  – June 28, 1836) was the fourth president of the United States. He was also the most important author of the United States Constitution and a slaveowner with a big plantation. Madison was the shortest president, with a height of .

Family 
James Madison Jr. was the eldest son of Col. James Madison Sr. and Nellie Conway Madison.

Madison married Dolley Todd (née Payne) on  April 18, 1794.

Political life 

Madison started his career in the Virginia state legislature.  Madison learned many things from Thomas Jefferson.  Madison wanted a stronger federal government of the United States than the Articles of Confederation provided. He was a member of the meeting that formed the current United States Constitution.  Madison is called the "Father of the Constitution" because he helped write a large part of it and persuaded people that it was a good one.

Madison was elected to the United States House of Representatives.  Madison helped write the first laws for the United States.  Madison also was the main writer of the Bill of Rights, the first 10 amendments to the Constitution.

Madison and Jefferson were good friends and helped create the Democratic-Republican Party who wanted a weak federal government.

Madison was selected by Jefferson to be his Secretary of State.

Presidency 

Madison was selected by his political party to be the Democratic-Republican candidate for president in 1808.  He won that election and the next election in 1812.

The War of 1812 started while Madison was president. Madison still hoped for peace, but Congress wanted war so he gave in and approved a declaration of war against Britain on June 18, 1812. People who still wanted peace called it "Mr Madison's War". Madison and his family were forced to flee in 1814 when British forces seized control of Washington D.C and burned the White House, and many other buildings, to the ground. Dolley Madison, his wife, famously saved a portrait of George Washington from the fire.

The war caused Madison to want a stronger government than he had before. While he originally was against a national bank, he realized that it was necessary and it was necessary for funding a war.  When the charter of the national bank expired, Madison renewed it.

Later life 

Madison retired to Virginia after his second term.  Madison died on June 28, 1836.

References

Other websites 
 Madison's White House biography

1751 births
1836 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American deists
 
Presidents of the United States
United States Secretaries of State
United States representatives from Virginia
Founding Fathers of the United States
Democratic Republican party (US) politicians
19th-century American politicians
18th-century American politicians
Slavers
James Monroe

Not to be confused with James Monroe King.

James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was the fifth president of the United States. He mostly agreed with Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, the two presidents before him. Many cities have been named Monroe. Monrovia, the capital of Liberia, is also named after him.

Early life 

Monroe was born in Virginia. When James was 16, his father died. At age 18, he joined the Continental Army.  He later studied law with Thomas Jefferson.

He married Elizabeth Kotright in 1789.

Political life 

Monroe was an anti-federalist; he did not want the United States Constitution to pass.  He was elected to the United States Senate in 1790.  He helped form the Democratic-Republican Party with Jefferson and James Madison.

Monroe was Governor of Virginia from 1799 - 1802.

Monroe went to Paris to help negotiate the Louisiana Purchase, and later became Ambassador to Great Britain.

Monroe was Madison's Secretary of State and Secretary of War.

Presidency 

Monroe was president from 1817 to 1825.  With his Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Monroe got Spain to give the United States Florida.  Monroe and Adams also created the Monroe Doctrine, which was a policy that said that the United States did not want Europe to be involved in the Western Hemisphere anymore.

Monroe signed the Missouri Compromise.  The compromise was to delay the slavery issue in the United States. Monroe was the last president to have fought in the American Revolutionary War and the last one to be one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Post-presidency 

Monroe retired to Virginia.  After his wife's death he moved to New York where he died on July 4, 1831 of tuberculosis.

References

Other websites 
 James Monroe's White House biography
 James Monroe -Citizendium

1758 births
1831 deaths
Deaths from tuberculosis
United States Secretaries of State
Governors of Virginia
Founding Fathers of the United States
 
19th-century American politicians
18th-century American politicians
Grand Theft Auto

Grand Theft Auto is a series of video games published by Rockstar Games. The first was released in the late 90s. This game was played from a bird's-eye view, meaning that it was like seeing the main character from a helicopter. The second was called GTA 2 and also an add-on pack was added for the first game called GTA: London which was set in the 60s.

Then came the next games which were made in 3D which changed the way Grand Theft Auto was played. The first in the 3D series was called Grand Theft Auto III which was set in Liberty City which is like New York. Then there was Grand Theft Auto: Vice City which was set in the middle 80s. It was very much like Miami in Florida. The next game in the 3D series is called Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas which is based on Los Angeles, San Francisco and Las Vegas. This game was a very big improvement from the older game because the map was so much bigger.

Grand Theft Auto IV (GTA IV) was officially announced at the Microsoft 2006 E3 Press Conference on May 10, 2006. Grand Theft Auto IV is now being sold inside stores. Grand Theft Auto IV now has 2 episodes, and a complete collection.

The latest game released in the Grand Theft Auto series is Grand Theft Auto V. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on September 17, 2013 and later on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on November 18, 2014.

Grand Theft Auto V broke the industry sales records by earning US $800 million in the first 24 hours of its release. The game became extremely popular in the gamers community attracting programmers to create many mods to it. With New Additional Features and Quality Graphics it became popular multiplayer game. It also earned $1 billion within its first three days which made it the fastest selling entertainment product in history and broke 7 records by Guinness World Records.

There has been a lot of arguing, or "controversy," about these games. Many people do not like how the player can murder random people, and sleep with prostitutes. Because of this, all 3-D GTA games have been rated Mature so far.

Related games 

 Saints Row
 Hunter
 Body Harvest
 True Crime
 The Getaway
 Driver
 The Simpsons: Hit & Run

References

Other websites 
Official Site
Grand Theft Wiki

PlayStation games
1998 video games
Grand Theft Auto
The Black Eyed Peas

The Black Eyed Peas are an American hip hop group from Los Angeles, California. Over the years their music has included R&B, dance and Latin. The group has three members: Will.i.am, Apl.de.ap, Taboo.

Members of this group and its history 

 Stacy Ann Ferguson, better known by her stage name Fergie, was born on March 27, 1975. She is an American R&B singer, actress and songwriter. She was revealed by the TV series for kids "Kids Incorporated" and the TV show "Great Pretenders". The TV revealed her talents and she began her career of singer with the R&B trio Wild Orchid which became the group of the Black Eyed Peas. She acted in "Nine" which came out in theatres in 2010. In 2017, Fergie left the group to focus on her solo career.".

 will.i.am (real name William James Adams) was born on March 15th, 1975 in Los Angeles. He is an American rapper and singer. will.i.am rose to fame as frontman and co-founder of the Black Eyed Peas. He has recently left Interscope for a solo deal with Def Jam.
 Allan Pineda Lindo, better known by his stage name Apl.de.ap, is a Filipino American Hip-Hop musician and producer. He was born in November 28th, 1974 in Angeles City in the Philippines, from the age of 11 and he moved to the United States because he was adopted by the Hudgen's family. He began his career of singer and performer in the group "Atban Klann" with Will.i.am, which become the "Black Eyed Peas" when Taboo entered this group in 1995.
 Taboo (real name Jaime Luis Gomez) was born in July 14th, 1975 in Los Angeles. He has a son named "Josh" who was born in December 5th, 1993. He joined the Black Eyed Peas in 1995.

Before they became popular, the group's members were will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo and backing vocalist Kim Hill. She left the group in 2000 and was replaced in 2003 by Fergie. They first became popular with the single "Where Is the Love" and the album Elephunk and their next album, Monkey Business was also successful. They have more recently released The E.N.D., an album that has had the successful singles "Boom Boom Pow", "I Gotta Feeling" and "Meet Me Halfway".

Albums 
 Behind the Front (1998)
 Bridging the Gap (2000)
 Elephunk (2003)
 Monkey Business (2005) 
 The E.N.D. (2009)
 The Beginning (2010)
 Masters of the Sun Vol. 1 (2018)

References

1995 establishments in California
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American hip hop bands
American R&B bands
Electronic music bands
Musical groups established in 1995
Musical groups from Los Angeles
PlayStation Portable

The PlayStation Portable, or PSP, is Sony's first video game console to be a handheld. It was made in Japan and came out there first on December 12, 2004. After that, it came out in North America on March 24, 2005 and came out in Europe on September 1, 2005. It was first announced in 2003 at E3 and then next year its first design was shown off. It can play PSP video games, as well as music, video, and pictures. To transfer music, videos, or pictures to a PSP, you must use a USB cable to send the files from a computer to it. The games and movies come on a disc called the "Universal Media Disc" which holds 1.8 GB (this is a lot more than a normal CD, but less than a DVD). A Memory Stick Pro Duo can also be used for memory storage. The PlayStation Portable is the first handheld game console to use a disc as its media storage instead of a cartridge.

In January 2014, shipments of the PlayStation Portable ended in North America. They also ended in June 2014 in Japan and ended shipments to Europe by the end of 2014.

Games and movies
There are over 700 games for the PSP. The movies look like the DVD. The reason the PSP can have movies is because the disc (Universal Media Disc) has a lot of memory space. In many countries, Spider-Man 2 (the movie) was included for free with the console.

Wireless
The PSP is wireless, meaning it can connect to the Internet (and other PlayStation Portables) without any cables. This is called Wi-Fi. This allows players who are traveling to download items, surf the web and play online. The PlayStation Portable can also connect with the PlayStation 3 as a sort of remote control for movie playback and for downloading content.

Versions
There are five versions of the PlayStation Portable, the PSP-1000 (also known as "PSP fat"), PSP-2000 ("slim and light" edition, a lighter version of the original PSP), PSP-3000 ("bright and light" edition, that includes a built in microphone and improved LCD), PSP-N1000 (or PSP Go, with a sliding screen design, bluetooth and internal storage of 16GB replacing the UMD drive.) and PSP-E1000 (similar to PSP-3000, but without stereo sound, Wi-Fi and microphone).
Sony subsequently released the successor to the PSP, the PlayStation Vita, in Japan on December 17, 2011 and starting worldwide on February 22, 2012.

Competition
The PlayStation Portable is similar to the Nintendo DS, because they are both for games you can take with you. However, Nintendo and Sony said they were made for different people. The DS has sold more units than the PSP.

References

2004 establishments
2014 disestablishments
Handheld video games
PlayStation
Sony
Sony consoles
Flamenco

Flamenco is a style of baile and was founded in Sevilla contrary to what VHL says. It is a form of entertainment with song, music and dance. It is very popular in Spain and is known worldwide. Its foundation is in Andalusia in Spain. In its evolution Andalusian gypsies played an important part.  The term 'flamenco' was first recorded in the late 18th century but many believe the art form is much older.

Flamenco has acoustic guitar music, singing, hand claps, heel stamps, castanets. It is danced by a man and a woman in traditional Spanish costumes. The dance has no set tempo. It may have both fast and slow passages, rising to a climax near the end. 

Flamenco performance has evolved during the history of this musical genre. In the beginning (the 18th century at the latest), songs were sung without any guitar accompaniment. During the 19th century, the guitar was used to accompany songs. Since the second half of the 19th century, the solo guitar is played in flamenco concerts.

On November 16, 2010, UNESCO declared Flamenco one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Related pages 
Carmen Amaya
Antonio Ruiz Soler

References

Other websites 
Examples of flamenco:
Traditional flamenco 
Traditional flamenco by José Greco 
Notable for the voice and guitar as well as the dance by Sara Barras 
Ramon Ruiz group 

Music genres
Dance types
Entertainment
Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
Cream (band)

Cream was a British rock band in the late 1960s. They played and recorded together from 1966 to 1968. The members of the group were Eric Clapton, Jack Bruce, and Ginger Baker. They were called a power trio, as there were three musicians, who all played essential roles in the band. Their sound of heavy blues-rock was a great influence on many other bands.  They were one of the most skilled rock bands of all time; the guitarist and bassist were capable of soloing at the same time.  Clapton helped pioneer the use of the wah-wah pedal and played a famous guitar called The Fool.  Clapton developed what he called the "woman tone" on his guitar, while Bruce played a fretless bass guitar, and Baker played unusual rhythms on drums to create the band's distinctive sound.

Cream's hit records included the songs "Strange Brew", "Sunshine Of Your Love" and "White Room". Their last album, titled Goodbye, included a song called "Badge", co-written by Eric Clapton and George Harrison of The Beatles.

Albums 
 Fresh Cream (1966)
 Disraeli Gears (1967)
 Wheels of Fire (1968)
 Goodbye (1969)

Other websites
 Hear Cream on the Pop Chronicles.

1966 establishments in England
1968 disestablishments
1960s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
English rock bands

Musical groups established in 1966

Musical groups from London
Musical trios
Blind Faith

Blind Faith was an English rock-blues band. The band was only together for about one year (1969). It was formed by Eric Clapton who had been in the band Cream. Also in the band were Ginger Baker (who was Cream's drummer) and Rick Grech (who was in the band "Family"). Clapton, Winwood, and many other people had high expectations for the new band, but many people did not like the new stuff they were doing. Many people wanted to hear music like Cream made.  The name of the band came about as a result of the "blind faith" shown by many people. These people had thought that the band would go on to greatness. Many people did not like the band and they broke up. Before they broke up, they released a self-titled album. It caused controversy because it only had six songs and featured a naked teenage girl holding a toy airplane on the cover. This image upset some people.

English rock bands
Blues bands
The Guess Who

The Guess Who is a Canadian rock band. They formed in Winnipeg in 1963 and broke up in 1975. Their best known songs include, American Woman, Share The Land, No Time, and These Eyes.

The band was inducted into The Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 1987.

References

Guess Who
Canadian hard rock bands
Folk music groups
Blues bands
People from Manitoba
Musical groups established in 1963
1963 establishments in North America
1960s establishments in Canada
Musical groups disestablished in 1975
20th-century disestablishments in Canada
Musical groups established in 1977
1977 establishments in North America
1970s establishments in Canada
Digestive system

(The digestive system is the parts of the body that  digest food. )(It is also called the gastrointestinal system.)( It breaks down food into simple chemicals which can be  absorbed into the blood stream).( From the blood stream, nutrients go to the liver).which is a kind of chemical factory for the body.( The liver adjusts the nutrients so that the mix is what the body needs.) 

(In the stomach, gastric acid is introduced. This is basically dilute hydrochloric acid.) It is very reactive and has a pH level of 1.5 to 3.5. The stomach has a layer of mucus to protect itself from the acid. 

(The digestive system also gets rid of waste material. The gastrointestinal system starts at the lips and ends at the anus. )Animals like worms, insects, mammals, birds, fish, and people all have digestive systems.

(The digestive system is not just the but also other organs which help us digest food).( For example, digestive enzymes are needed to break down carbohydrates and meat into substances which an be absorbed.)

The parts of the human, and many other animals, digestive system are:
Mouth
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Intestines
Small intestine
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Large intestine
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
Anus

Other organs that are part of the gastrointestinal system but are not part of the gut are:
Liver and gall bladder
Pancreas
Salivary glands, lips, teeth, tongue, epiglottis, thyroid, and parathyroids
Food does not go through these organs. But they help the gut digest the food. They also have other work. For example, the pancreas, thyroid, liver, and parathyroids are also endocrine glands that make hormones like insulin.

There are many diseases that affect the gastrointestinal system. Doctors who study the gastrointestinal tract are called gastroenterologists.

References 

Digestive system
Friedrich Engels

Friedrich Engels II (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German political thinker. With his best friend Karl Marx, Engels wrote about Communism. They wrote the famous book The Communist Manifesto together.

Life 
Friedrich Engels II was born in Barmen, Germany in 1820. His father was a very rich factory owner, and he sent Friedrich to England to run one of the factories. The way the workers were living at his father's factories made Engels upset with the class system. At about this time, he began to write about politics and workers' struggles.

In 1844 he met Karl Marx in France and the two became friends and began to write together. The two men worked together until Marx's death in 1883.

After Marx died, Engels spent the rest of his life editing and translating Marx' writings. He also wrote about women and marriage. He died of throat cancer in London in 1895.

1820 births
1895 deaths
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from throat cancer
German atheists
German communists
German philosophers
German politicians
German writers
Marxism
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Rosa Luxemburg

Rosa Luxemburg (5 March 1871 in Zamość, Russian Poland – 15 January 1919 in Berlin) was a Polish-Jewish Marxist politician working in both Poland and Germany. Her birth name was Rosalia Luxemburg. She was born into a Jewish family. She was the fifth child of her parents. Her father was a wood trader/timber trader. His name was Eliasz Luxemburg III. Her mother's name was Line (maiden name: Löwenstein).

Publications
In one of her earliest publications, 'Reform or Revolution?' (1900) Luxemburg accepted Marx's argument that capitalism promoted exploitation and was at odds with humanity's natural, fraternal instincts. She also agreed that evolutionary socialism was impossible: only revolution could create real change. However, like Lenin, she had little sympathy for Marx's 'historicism' and denied that for a revolution to occur, capitalism would have to reach an advanced stage of development. However, Luxemburg's analysis of how the revolution should come would distinguish her from both Marx and Lenin.

Life
After WW1 Luxemburg helped establish the German Communist Party (KDP). She organised a socialist uprising in Germany but was killed by a right-wing group called the Freikorps. Rosa Luxemburg made many new communist ideas that continue to influence communism today. Rosa Luxemburg supported the Russian Revolution led by Lenin and Trotsky, but she saw them both as making undemocratic mistakes in organizing what was supposed to be a more democratic nation. She also insisted the freedom of assembly, freedom of the press, freedom of speech and abolition of death penalty. In 1913 she published an essay "The Accumulation of Capital" that urges that capital accumulation causes the imperialism. 

Rosa Luxemburg was murdered-executed by the Garde-Kavallerie-Schützendivision of the Freikorps.

1871 births
1919 deaths
19th-century German philosophers
20th-century German philosophers
Executed German people
German communists
German murder victims
Jewish atheists
Jewish feminists
Jewish German politicians
Jewish philosophers
Jewish women politicians
Marxism
Murders by firearm in Germany
People executed by firearm
Polish Jews
Socialists
20th-century Polish philosophers
Prefix

A prefix is a part of a word or a word, within a word. It is put at the start of another word to make a different meaning. It can also mean a number that is put in at the start to show which number something is in a group. It is a type of affix.
compound nouns (in other cases also compound adjectives).
 
The following examples illustrate real prefixes.

Often people want to use a prefix to mean not. There are many prefixes that mean not.
 Unnatural means not natural.
 Apolitical means not political.
 Nonviolent means not violent.
 Indirect means not direct

We also learnt the prefixes anti which means against and auto is used to mean self or own

Some examples of these prefixes:

antisocial which means non social

anti glare which means it will prevent sun and light glare on a screen

autograph which means a person's signature

autopilot which means working by itself

Other examples of prefixes:

 bicentennial (and other number related prefixes: mono, ter/tri, tetra, quadro, penta, hepta, octo, nano etc.)
 contradiction
 encompass
 paratrooper
 percent
 periscope
 prototype
 polytechnical
 react
 semicolon

Scientists and doctors use prefixes in many words.
 Hepato- is a prefix that means liver. So hepatocellular means 'about liver cells'.
 Hydro- is a prefix that means water. So Hydroelectric dams are dams that make electricity from the flow of water.
 Pre- or Ante- are prefixes that mean before. Prenatal diagnostics is the diagnostics done before the birth of a baby.
 Post- is a prefix that means after. Post-traumatic experience would be an experience that was made after trauma.
 
Sometimes people make up words by adding a prefix. These words are not in a dictionary. But if people use these words enough, sometimes they go into dictionaries.
For example, we can make the word unsimple, which splits up into not simple. This is not a word in a dictionary.

Compare to suffix. Suffixes are letters put at the end of a word to change its meaning.

Grammar
Race

Race has many meanings in English. It can mean:
To go very fast – he raced to the store
A competition between people  - the race for the US presidency
Racing, a competition about speed – the Tour de France is an important bicycle race
Race (biology), a group smaller than a species. Members of different races can have sex and make babies, but they are separate (usually because they live in different places) - a large race of birds lives on this island
Race (sociology),  of the human species based on  physical characteristics that are passed on to succeeding generations.  
Race (anthropology) groups humans are often divided into based on physical traits often common among shared ancestry.  
The human race means all people - the human race is destroying the environment
Medical ethics

Medical ethics is the set of ethical rules that doctors follow. These ideas tell doctors how they should treat patients.

The earliest set of ethical ideas in medicine was the Hippocratic oath. (An oath is a special promise.) It was supposed to be written by Hippocrates but probably was not written by him.

Principles 
There are 6 major principles (important ideas):
 Beneficences - a doctor must do things that are good for the patient (the doctor is giving medical care to.)
 Non-maleficence – a doctor must not try to hurt his patients.
 Autonomy - the patient can say he does not want to be treated
 Justice – talks about what is fair in giving people medicines and care. It talks about who gets what treatments.
 Dignity - the patient (and the doctor) have the right to dignity (respect for someone as a person)
 Truthfulness (being honest) – the doctor must tell the patient the truth

Medical ethics questions 
Here are some kinds of medical ethics questions:
 If there is not enough of a medicine to treat every person who has a disease who should get the medicine?
 If a baby has a disease that will kill him very soon, what should a doctor do if the baby's mother says she does not want the baby to be helped?
 A patient has an injury that cannot be helped and that will kill them in a few minutes. The patient asks a doctor “am I going to die?” What should the doctor say?
If a man has stage four cancer but only wants hollistic medicine, should you treat him with chemotherapy anyway?

Related pages
Bioethics
Conflict of interest
Informed consent
Right to die

Medicine
Ethics
Sperm

Sperm are the male reproductive cells. Most animals and plants use sperm to reproduce. They have different ways of making and releasing the sperm. In all cases the sperm meets with the egg of the female and grow into a new organism.

The name sperm is taken from the Greek word sperma meaning seed.

An animal sperm cell is capable of movement, as it has to get to the uterus to meet with the ovum. Animal sperm cells (including humans) have small 'head' and a long tail called a flagellum. The flagellum acts like a motor to propel the sperm cell through the female reproductive system.

In humans 
Human sperm is made in the testicles of a man. Human sperm contains 23 chromosomes. A human needs 46 chromosomes, so a sperm cell is called a haploid as it only has half. The other half is contained within the ovum or egg of a female. During sex, semen is shot out of the man's penis during ejaculation.
Semen carries the sperm into the woman's vagina and down to the ovum in the uterus. During ejaculation millions of sperm cells are released, but only one hundred or so reach the egg.
The egg can merge with one sperm cell that reaches it.  Because it now has 46 chromosomes, it is called a diploid, like ordinary cells of the body. This diploid is called a zygote, and it can grow into a fetus and eventually a baby.

In plants 

Some plants such as ferns and mosses have sperm that move. Flowering plant sperm cells cannot move by themselves. The flowering plant sperm cells are contained within pollen grains.
Thus, they rely on transportation to take their sperm cells to other plants. For example, a bee lands on a plant to collect the nectar. Some pollen will get stuck to the bee. The bee moves on to another plant and the pollen falls onto that plant. The sperm is moved down a pollen tube until it reaches the ovule at the bottom of the flower.

References 

Biological reproduction
Human sexuality
Bilbao

Bilbao is a city in the Basque Country, in the North of Spain. There are 350,000 people living in Bilbao. 

In Bilbao is the Nervión river, which ends in the Bay of Biscay. Bilbao has an oceanic climate (Cfb in the Koeppen climate classification).

Bilbao was an industrial city, but today it is a tourist city. There are many things to see in Bilbao:

 Guggenheim Museum (Modern Art)
 Bellas Artes Museum (Fine Art)
 University of Deusto
 Metro Bilbao (Bilbao's Underground)
 Bilbao's Town Hall
 Arriaga Theatre
 Casco Viejo (Old City)
 St. Jacob's Cathedral
 Virgin Begoña's Basilic
 Gran Vía (Great Avenue)
 Plaza del Sagrado Corazón (Christ's Holy Heart Square)
 San Mamés stadium

Related pages
 Vitoria-Gasteiz

Other websites 
 Bilbao's official website
 Bilbao's Chamber of Commerce official tourism website
 Scholars on Bilbao: This website encompasses academic works that analyse the urban regeneration of the city of Bilbao (e.g. strategic plans, infrastructures, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao and dilemmas, cultural tourism, gentrification, uneven development, creative industries, artists ... etc).

 
Capital cities in Spain
List of Disney animated movies

Below is a list of animated movies from Walt Disney Pictures/The Walt Disney Company. For a list of live-action movies from the company, see List of Disney movies.

The following is a list of movies which are said to be the Walt Disney Feature Animation (WDFA) canon. They are also known as the Walt Disney Animated Classics. The canon includes animated movies that were or are being produced entirely by WDFA. Movies which are not part of the canon are movies which include both animation and live-action, spin-offs from Disney television programs, the direct-to-video movies produced by the DisneyToons studio in Australia (some of which received theatrical releases), or the Pixar movies (which Disney "presents" but does not produce). WDFA once announced that Home on the Range (released April 2, 2004) would be its final traditionally animated movie. They also said that from Chicken Little (released November 4, 2005) onwards, all future WDFA movies will be computer animated. However, this changed in July 2006 when a new traditionally animated movie, The Princess and the Frog, was revealed to be in development.

Movies

Released

Films distributed by Miramax

Notes:

Upcoming 

  Live-action/animation hybrid
  Not produced, but released by Disney under its label.

Related pages
 Pixar
 List of Disney characters

References

References

Release Notes

Studio/Production Notes

Studio Ghibli films original release dates

Other websites 
 Walt Disney Animation Studios History
 

Lists of movies
List of Disney movies

This is a list of movies produced by Disney and its current label, Walt Disney Pictures. In December 14th 2017 - The Walt Disney Company acquired 21st Century Fox for $52.4 billion. All films listed are theatrical releases and/or US films unless specified. Films labeled with a ‡ symbol signify a direct-to-video release or streaming release exclusively through Disney+; a † symbol signifies a premium video on demand release through Disney+; a § symbol signifies a simultaneous release to theatres and on premium video on demand; a * symbol signifies a non-US film.

Movies not on this list
Movies not produced by Walt Disney Pictures are not on this list, even if they distributed it. This list also does not include movies labeled, produced or distributed by other Disney imprints or subsidiaries, and does not include any direct-to-video releases or theatrical re-releases. Disney films; Disney, Pixar, Touchstone Pictures, Miramax Films, Hollywood Pictures, Marvel Comics, Lucasfilm, 20th Century Studios, 20th Century Animation, Searchlight Pictures, Blue Sky Studios 

This list is not for movies produced by Disneynature or Touchstone Pictures.

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

Footnotes:
TV - premiered as TV program; re-edited for theatrical release

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Upcoming

Undated films

In development

Notes

References

Other websites
 Complete Canon of Disney Animated Films 

 Disney Movie Database (Unofficial)
 

Lists of movies