cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Superabundant number

A superabundant number is a type of natural number. They were defined by Leonidas Alaoglu and Paul Erdős in 1944.

Definition
Any natural number n is called superabundant when a certain equation is true.

 

In this equation, m is every integer less than n. σ is the sum of every positive divisor of that number.

An example would be to use the number 9. For every number less than 8, the sigma is 1, 3, 4, 7, 6, 10, 8 and 16. (σ(m))/m is 16/9. (σ(n))/n is equal to 13/9. 13/9 is less than 16/9. This makes 9 not a superabundant number

The first few superabundant numbers are 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 120, ... .

Properties 
Leonidas Alaoglu and Paul Erdős proved that if n is superabundant, then there is a k and a1, a2, ..., ak such that

 

where pi is the i-th prime number, and

 

Basically, they proved that if a number is superabundant, the exponent of a larger prime number is never bigger than a smaller prime number during prime decomposition(the process of a composite number become smaller prime numbers). All primes from 0 to  are also factors of n. The equation says that a superabundant number has to be an even integer. It also is a multiple of the k-th primorial 

Superabundant numbers are like highly composite numbers. Not all superabundant numbers are highly composite numbers, though.

Alaoglu and Erdős observed that all superabundant numbers are also highly abundant.

References 

 .
 .
 .

Other websites 

 MathWorld: Superabundant number

Integer sequences
Eyeliner

An eyeliner (sometimes written eye liner) is a type of makeup used for the eyes. It is applied around the contours of the eyes to create different aesthetic  effects.

In the 20th and 21st century, the use of eye liner has also been associated with Goth and Punk fashion.

History 

Eye liner was first used in Ancient India, Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia as a dark black line around the eyes. As early as 10,000 BC, Egyptians and Mesopotamians wore various cosmetics including eye liner not only for aesthetics but to protect the skin from the desert sun. Eye liner may also have been worn to protect the wearer from the evil eye. The characteristic of having heavily lined eyes has been frequently shown in ancient Egyptian art. They produced eye liner with a variety of materials, including copper ore and antimony. Ancient Egyptian kohl contained galena, which was imported from nearby regions in the Land of Punt, Coptos and Western Asia.

In the 1960s, liquid eye liner was used to create thick black and white lines around the eyes in the make-up fashion associated with designers like Mary Quant. The '60s and '70s also saw new fashion trends which made use of eyeliner, eyeshadow and mascara in new ways. As goth and punk fashion developed, they employed eyeliner for a dark and dramatic effect.

See also 

 Eye makeup

References 

Cosmetics
Tate (TV series)

Tate is an American western series that aired from 8 June to 14 September, 1960 on NBC for 13 episodes and one season. It starred Daniel McLean and was created by Harry Julian Fink of Dirty Harry fame.

Other websites

Tate opening credits on YouTube

Western television series
NBC network shows
1960s television series
1960 television series debuts
1960 television series endings
English-language television programs
Óscar García

Óscar García Junyent (born 26 April 1973), player name Óscar, is a former Spanish professional footballer. He is now manager and manages the Ligue 1 club Stade de Reims.

Career
He was able to play as an attacking midfielder or a second striker. Most of his active career he spent with CF Barcelona, but played also for Espanyol (four years), Albacete, Lleida and Valencia (one apiece). In La Liga he played 169 matches and 31 goals over 12 seasons.

International
He played  for Spain national under-23 football team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He scored twice for the quarter-finalists.

Coaching career

Maccabi Tel Aviv and England
In 2009 he became member of Johan Cruyff's coaching staff in the Catalonia national team. On 22 May 2012 he became head coach of Maccabi Tel Aviv FC.2013 Maccabi won the Israel championship. Garcia resigned from his post because of personal reasons.

2013 he became head coach of the Football League Championship team  Brighton & Hove Albion.. He was November's Manager of the Month, with three wins and a draw. On 12 May 2014 the team was defeatet in the play-offs by Derby County. His offer of resignation was accepted by the club.

2014 García returned to Maccabi  but left on 26 August due to war. Then he was appointed head coach  at Watford. He was brought to hospital with minor chest pains on 15 September. Two weeks later he resigned as head coach.

Red Bull Salzburg

On 28 December 2015 Oscar followed Peter Zeidler as head coach of the Austrian Bundesliga team FC Red Bull Salzburg. During his time in Salzburg he won twice the double (Cup and Champion).

Saint-Étienne
On 15 June 2017 he signed with AS Saint-Étienne.  In November after a 5–0 home loss against Olympique Lyonnais he left the club by mutual agreement.

Olympiacos
2018 he became head coach of Olympiacos F.C. in Greece. His contract was dissolved on 3 April 2019.

Celta
In November 2019  he took over  RC Celta de Vigo in La Liga. On the last day of the season he could held the team in the first league. On 9 November 2020, after only one win in nine matches of the new campaign, García was sacked.

Reims
García returned to the French Ligue 1 in June 2021 as head coach of  Stade de Reims.

Personal life
García's brothers, Roger and Genís were also footballers.

Managerial statistics

Honours

Player

Club
Barcelona
La Liga: 1993, 1994, 1998, 1999
Copa del Rey: 1997, 1998
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1997
UEFA Super Cup: 1997

Valencia
Supercopa de España: 1999

International
Spain U-21
UEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 1996; third place 1994

Manager
Maccabi Tel Aviv
Israeli Premier League: 2013

Red Bull Salzburg
Austrian Football Bundesliga: 2016, 2017
Austrian Cup: 2016, 2017

Individual
Football League Manager of the Month: November 2013

Other websites

FC Barcelona profile

References

1973 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
Association football midfielders
Association football forwards
Spanish football managers
FC Red Bull Salzburg managers
Yurihonjō

is a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan. 76,077 people lived here in 2020.

References

Cities in Japan
Francis Xavier Sudartanta Hadisumarta

Francis Xavier Sudartanta Hadisumarta O. Carm. (13 December 1932 – 12 February 2022) was an Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop. Hadisumarta was born in the Dutch East Indies. He became a priest in 1959. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Malang, Indonesia, from 1973 to 1988 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manokwari-Sorong, Indonesia, from 1988 until his resignation in 2003.

Sudartanta Hadisumarta died on 12 February 2022, at the age of 89.

References

1932 births
2022 deaths
Indonesian people
Roman Catholic bishops
Tomás Osvaldo González Morales

Tomás Osvaldo González Morales (20 April 1935 – 12 February 2022) was a Chilean Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1963. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Chile from 1974 until his retirement in 2006.

González Morales died from COVID-19 on 12 February 2022 in Punta Arenas at the age of 86 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.

References

1935 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
Chilean people
Roman Catholic bishops
Atlantic Charter

The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941. It set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II.

Related pages
 Allies of World War II
 United Nations

Books 

)

Jordan, Jonathan W. (2015), American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II (NAL/Caliber 2015).

Other websites

 Secret meetings seal US-Britain alliance, BBC
 The Atlantic Conference from the Avalon Project
 Letter from The Ambassador Patrick J. Hurley to the US Secretary of State TEHRAN, 14 April 1945. Describing meeting with Churchill, where Churchill vehemently states that the UK is in no way bound to the principles of the Atlantic Charter.
 The Atlantic Charter

Documents
1941
August events
World War II
Politics of the United Kingdom
Foreign relations of the United States
Frank Beckmann

Frank Carl Beckmann (November 3, 1949February 12, 2022) was an German-born American broadcaster and talk radio host. He worked as a radio personality on WJR in Detroit, Michigan. He also was the radio play-by-play announcer for University of Michigan football from 1981 to 2013.

On February 11, 2022 it was announced that Beckmann was in hospice care in Clarkston, Michigan. He died the next day from problems caused by vascular dementia, aged 72.

References

1949 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from vascular dementia
German entertainers
American radio personalities
American sports commentators
Sportspeople from Detroit, Michigan
People from Kiel
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Voiceless alveolar trill

The voiceless alveolar trill differs from the voiced alveolar trill  in its phonation (whether or not the vocal chords are vibrating while pronouncing the sound). It is used in a few languages. In languages that also have the voiced alveolar trill, it can be a similar sound or an allophone (another way a certain sound can be pronounced).

In Proto-Indo-European, the sound *sr became a sound spelled , with the letter for  and the diacritic for , in Ancient Greek. This sound was probably a voiceless alveolar trill. It became the regular word-initial (meaning "at the start of a word") allophone of  in standard Attic Greek. This sound has disappeared in Modern Greek.

Features
Features of the voiceless alveolar trill:

Examples
Alveolar

Voiceless alveolar fricative trill

The voiceless alveolar fricative trill is not known to be a sound in any language, except maybe the East Sakhalin dialect of Nivkh. However, it is an allophone (another way of pronouncing a specific sound) in Czech.

Features
Features of the voiceless alveolar fricative trill:

Its manner of articulation (how the sound is pronounced) is fricative trill, which means it is a non-sibilant fricative and a trill pronounced at the same time.

Examples

See also
Index of phonetics articles

Notes

References
Voiceless alveolar stop

The voiceless alveolar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨t⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "t" in tear and tool.

Features

Examples

Notes

References

 
 
 
 
 
 

Consonants
Jackie Robinson (basketball, born 1927)

Robert Jackson Robinson (April 26, 1927 – February 8, 2022), nicknamed "Jack" or "Jackie", was an American Baptist pastor, theologian and college basketball player. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal. Robinson was born in Fort Worth, Texas.

Robinson died on February 8, 2022 in Augusta, Georgia at the age of 94.

References

1927 births
2022 deaths
American Olympic gold medalists
American basketball players
American theologians
Sportspeople from Fort Worth, Texas
Mckenna Grace

Mckenna Grace (born June 25, 2006) is an American actress and singer. Her best known role were as Jasmine Bernstein in the Disney XD sitcom Crash & Bernstein (2012–2014) and Faith Newman in the soap opera The Young and the Restless (2013–2015). She played Phoebe in the 2021 movie Ghostbusters: Afterlife.

References

2006 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
American child singers
American pop singers
Actors from Texas
Singers from Texas
People from Grapevine, Texas
Osterville, Massachusetts

Osterville is one of seven villages within the town of Barnstable, Massachusetts, United States.

Other websites
Osterville Historical Museum
Armstrong-Kelley Park
Hillside Cemetery
Osterville Free Library

Villages in Massachusetts
Eduardo Romero

Eduardo Alejandro Romero (17 July 1954 – 13 February 2022) was an Argentine professional golfer and politician. Romero was born in Córdoba, Argentina. He became a professional golfer in 1982. Romero first played on the European Tour in 1985 and was a full member from 1988 to 2005.

In 2005 he won his first senior title at the European Seniors Tour's Travis Perkins Senior Masters, and he won the Wentworth Senior Masters in both 2005 and 2006. He was Mayor of Villa Allende, Argentina between 2015 until his death.

Romero died on 13 February 2022 at his home in Villa Allende from problems caused by cancer at the age of 67.

References

1954 births
2022 deaths
Argentine sportspeople
Argentine politicians
Golfers
Cancer deaths in Argentina
Maria Carrilho

Maria Jesuína Carrilho Bernardo (25 November 1943 – 6 February 2022) was a Portuguese politician. She was a member of the Socialist Party. She was in the Assembly of the Republic from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2005 to 2009. She was also a member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2004. Carrilho was born in Beja, Portugal.

Carrilho died in Lisbon, Portugal on 6 February 2022 at the age of 78.

References

1943 births
2022 deaths
MEPs for Portugal
Former MEPs
Kurt Jara

Kurt Jara (born 14 October 1950) is an Austrian football manager and former player. He played as   midfielder in different European leagues.

Playing career

Club career
He started his professional career with  FC Wacker Innsbruck. Then he went to Spain and played for Valencia CF (1973) . 1975 he went to the German Bundesliga team MSV Duisburg where he played five seasonsHe  reached the UEFA Cup semi-finals in 1979. After one season with FC Schalke 04 he ended his career in the Swiss Super League with Grasshopper.

International career
He made his debut for Austria in a July 1971 friendly match in Sao Paulo against Brazil and played at the 1978 and 1982 World Cups. He played 59 matches for the team and scored 14 goals. His last international was an April 1985 World Cup qualification match against Hungary.

Managerial career
He coached the Swiss clubs Grasshopper, FC St. Gallen and FC Zürich, the Austrian teams VfB Mödling and FC Tirol Innsbruck, the Greece club Xanthi, APOEL from Cyprus  and the German Bundesliga teams Hamburger SV and 1. FC Kaiserslautern. In the season 2005–06 he was the manager of Red Bull Salzburg but was sacked due to transfer discrepancies. Since then he is retired.

Honours

Player
 Austrian Football Bundesliga: 1971, 1972, 1973
 Austrian Cup: 1970, 1973
 Swiss Super League: 1982, 1983, 1984
 Swiss Cup: 1983

Manager
Hamburger SV
DFL-Ligapokal: 2003

References

Other websites
 
 
 

Living people
1950 births
Association football midfielders
Austrian footballers
Players of the Austrian national football team
FC Red Bull Salzburg managers
Ray Parker Jr.

Ray Erskine Parker Jr. (born May 1, 1954) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He is known for writing and performing the theme song to the 1984 movie Ghostbusters. He is also known for his 1982 song "The Other Woman".

References

1954 births
Living people
American singer-songwriters
American R&B singers
American pop singers
American guitarists
American R&B musicians
American pop musicians
American record producers
Musicians from Detroit, Michigan
Singers from Detroit, Michigan
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
Businesspeople from Detroit, Michigan
Chester, Virginia

Chester is a census-designated place (CDP) in Chesterfield County, Virginia, United States. The population was 20,987 at the 2010 census.

References

Census-designated places in Virginia
Francesco Samà

Francesco Samà (2 July 1940 – 10 February 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1983 to 1992. Samà was also the Mayor of Melissa from 1964 until 1970. He was born in Melissa.

Samà died in Crotone, Italy on 10 February 2022 at the age of 81.

References

1940 births
2022 deaths
Italian communists
Mayors
People from Calabria
Melissa, Calabria

Melissa (Calabrian: ) is a comune in the province of Crotone, in Calabria.

References

Settlements in Calabria
Voiced alveolar stop

The voiced alveolar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is ⟨d⟩. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "d" in dear and desk.

Features

Examples

Notes

References

 
 
 

Consonants
Tonka: Rescue Patrol

Tonka: Rescue Patrol is a video game for the Nintendo GameCube released on November 18, 2003 only in North America.

See also 

 Tonka Search & Rescue

Other websites 

 Tonka: Rescue Patrol on GameSpot

2003 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
Action video games
Songs of Experience

Songs of Experience is the 12th album by Irish rock band, U2. It was released on 2017. The photo on the album cover shows Bono's son Eli and The Edge's daughter Sian holding hands. The photo is by Anton Corbijn.

References

Other websites
Songs of Experience on U2.com

2017 albums
U2 albums
Financial modelling

The financial model for a start-up is an exercise in creativity and forward-thinking. It’s an opportunity for entrepreneurs to let their imagination run wild, finally voicing their visions on paper. As startups are generally risky investments, the financial model is a tool that helps investors evaluate the venture before committing funds. The main purpose of the startup financial model is to show investors that your company can reach profitability within a reasonable time frame and make them enough money to justify their investment.

Importance 
Financial modeling is an integral part of the startup world. You can use models to predict future growth, understand the impact of certain decisions, and help raise funding. It's also a great tool to see how sensitive your business is to certain assumptions. You can change certain inputs to see how they affect your bottom line or different stages in your model. Models are also good tools for learning about new industries and understanding valuations (if you're looking at acquiring another business).

Types 
Financial models are mathematical representations of a financial situation. They can range from simple to complex, depending on the purpose and users of the model. Different model types are appropriate for different purposes, such as long-term strategic planning or annual budgeting.

A company may use several different types of models at the same time. For example, a company may have a long-term strategic plan that it uses to inform its capital investment decisions, but it will also create an annual budget model to plan out how much cash it expects to spend and earn over the course of the year.

Examples 

 3 Statement Model
 DCF Model
 Industry-Specific Model

Financial modeling for startups 
Financial modelling for startups is the creation of a financial representation of a startup business. It's used to forecast future cash flows and profitability.

Financial modelling is often used to assess a company's current financial health, its valuation and its potential for future growth. Financial modeling for startups is often used to prepare a document known as a pitch deck. This document is presented to investors and contains information such as: the company's business model, its target market, how it will make money, founders' backgrounds and its revenue projections.

A financial model is not complete without a full set of business assumptions that make up the model. These assumptions are typically broken down by revenue, cost of goods sold (COGS), operating expenses, depreciation and amortization (D&A) and capital expenditures (CAPEX). The process of building a startup financial model is usually referred to as financial modeling.

References

Finance
The Heavenly Play

The Heavenly Play () is a 1942 Swedish drama movie directed by Alf Sjöberg and starring Rune Lindström, Eivor Lindström, Anders Henrikson, Holger Löwenadler, Gudrun Brost, Arnold Sjöstrand, Emil Fjellström, Hugo Björne.

Other websites
 

1942 movies
1940s drama movies
Swedish drama movies
Movies directed by Alf Sjöberg
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a United States federal agency. It was founded on March 3, 1915. The agency researched flight technology and aircraft. On October 1, 1958, the agency was dissolved. Its employees were moved to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Founding 
NACA was founded on March 3, 1915. At that time, technology and culture were changing quickly. American flight technology was not as advanced as Europe's. The American public had mixed feelings about flight technology. Some people thought that flying was dangerous and foolish. Some thought that it was an important achievement in technology. But in Europe, people were more confident in flight technology. 

When World War I started in Europe, the Europeans were already using advanced flight technology. The Germans used airships to bomb British cities. Airplanes were used to spy on enemies. This worried the Americans, who realized that their flight technology is behind Europe's. In response, the federal government of the United States created NACA on March 3, 1915.

Research 
By the 1920s, the NACA's mission was to promote military and civilian flight. The NACA did this by researching new flight technologies. To help this research, the NACA built many testing facilities. This included wind tunnels, test stands, and flight test facilities. The agency received a budget of $5000 in 1915.

World War II 
The NACA was involved in World War II. They helped research many flight technologies. A lot of the research that the NACA did before World War II was used to make American fighter planes fly better. They researched how to reduce drag. Drag slows down airplanes when moving in the air. They also researched how to stop the propellers of the plane from freezing.

NASA 
On November 21, 1957, Hugh Dryden, NACA's director, established the Special Committee on Space Technology. This committee was created to help develop a space program.

Chairmen

References 

Scientific organizations based in the United States
1915 establishments in the United States
Beyond Rangoon

Beyond Rangoon is a 1995 American British Burmese adventure drama movie directed by John Boorman and starring Patricia Arquette, Frances McDormand, Jit Murad, Adelle Lutz, Johnny Cheah, Victor Slezak, Spalding Gray, Hani Mohsin. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 
 

1995 drama movies
1990s adventure movies
1990s historical movies
American adventure movies
American drama movies
British adventure movies
British drama movies
Burmese movies
Movies set in the 1980s
Movies directed by John Boorman
Movies set in Myanmar
Columbia Pictures movies
Bokermannohyla nanuzae

The Jaboticatubas tree frog (Bokermannohyla nanuzae) is a frog that lives in Brazil.  It lives in the Serra do Espinhaço and Serra da Mantiqueira.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Maithils

Maithils (Tirhuta: মৈথিল, Devanagari: मैथिल), also known as Maithili people, are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group from the Indian subcontinent. They speak the Maithili language as their native language.

Notable people 

 Sita – wife of the Hindu figure Ram
 Narendra Jha – Bollywood actor
 Sriti Jha – Bollywood actor
 Udit Narayan – Bollywood playback singer
 Bimalendra Nidhi – former Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal
 Ram Baran Yadav – former President of Nepal

References
Notes

Bibliography

Ethnic groups in India
Triprion petasatus

The Yucatán shovel-headed tree frog, Yucatan casque-headed tree frog, or Yucatan casquehead tree frog (Triprion petasatus) is a frog that lives in Mexico and Guatemala.  Scientists also saw it just once in Honduras.

Appearance

The adult male frog is 4.8 to 6.1 cm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 6.5 to 7.5 cm long.  It is named after its large, bony head, which looks like a hat or helmet. The adult male frog is olive green.  The adult female frog is light brown or green-brown.  There are dark brown or black marks on the back and legs.  Some frogs have silver marks on their backs and head.  The frogs have yellow color on their sides or red brown on their back legs.  The belly is white and tan.

Actions

This frog lays eggs when the weather is rainy.  The female lays eggs in shallow water.  When the weather is dry or the sun is hot, this frog goes to a hole in a tree.  It puts its body inside and its head against the hole.

Threats

This frog is not in danger of dying out but there are fewer of them than there were.  This is because human beings change the places where the frog lives.  Human beings cut down the forests for wood, farms, towns, and places for animals to eat grass.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Quendorf

Quendorf is a rural community belonging to the Joint Community of Schüttorf in southwestern Lower Saxony. The community is made up of several settlements and scattered farms. In 1971, Quendorf joined the town of Schüttorf along with the communities of Drievorden (combined with Engden since 1974), Engden, Neerlage (combined with Isterberg since 1974), Ohne, Samern, Suddendorf and Wengsel (amalgamated with Isterberg since 1974) into the Joint Community of Schüttorf.

References

Other websites 
 

County of Bentheim (district)
Ringe, Germany

Ringe is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Emlichheim
Ringe has about 2,000 residents and belongs to the Joint Community (Samtgemeinde) of Emlichheim. The community has the three centres of Großringe, Kleinringe and Neugnadenfeld.

Geography
Through the community of Ringe flows the river Vechte, which downstream, at Laar, crosses the border into the Netherlands.

References

Other websites

Joint Community’s website

County of Bentheim (district)
Samern

Samern is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Geography

Place
Samern is between Nordhorn and Steinfurt on the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. The community belongs to the Joint Community (Samtgemeinde) of Schüttorf whose administrative seat is in the like-named town.

References

Other websites
Samern
Joint Community’s website

County of Bentheim (district)
Similarities between Ramayana and Mahabharata

There are lot of similarities between the Ramayana and Mahabharata, also resemblance of events and of the protagonists of the epics. Both the epics were related to succession of thrones and the story revolved around the brothers.

1)Rama and Karna

There are a lot of similarities between the protagonist of the two epics- Rama and Karna.the symbols are alike this:

2)Shatrughana/Ravana and Arjuna

There are quite similarities between Shatrughana and Arjuna. Both defeated Indra, both were the sons of Indra. Arjuna killed Jaydratha whereas Shatrughana killed Lavanasura. There are also similarities between Ravana and Arjuna. Both abducted women and could not control their lust for women. Arjuna abducted Subhadra whereas Ravana abducted Sita for his pleasure. Both were the rivals of Karna and Rama. Arjuna's character is a mix of Ravana and Shatrughana. Arjuna used to run away from the battlefield while fighting with Karna and Ravana used to run away from Rama.

3)Kaikeyi as Kunti

Because of Kaikeyi and Kunti, both Lord Rama and Karna had to suffer their lives and despite being the eldest son, they did not get the kingdom. They are regarded as one of the worst mothers in Hindu Mythology.

4)Bharat as Yudhisthira
They both were the second eldest brother and got the kingdom of Hastinapur and Ayodhya. When they got to know about the reality of Kaikeyi and Kunti, they both cursed the entire woman race. Yudhisthira's love was greatest for his brother Rama, Bharat's love was greatest for Rama. Finally Yudhisthira in the swarga gave away his crown to Karna and Bharat gave away his crown to Rama in Ayodhya.

5)Hanuman as Krishna 
They both wanted Lord Rama and Karna to become the king of Hastinapur and Ayodhya. They both wanted to follow behind Rama and Karna as an ideal servant. Both were sent as Shanti-doot and were tried to captured. Both were mischievous and performed godly feats which Rama and Karna never performed.

6)Lakshman as Bhima/Duryodhana
They both were quite arrogant about their skills and powers but received heaven. Lakshmana was the eternal companion of Rama whereas Duryodhana was the companion of Karna.

7)Kumbhkaran as Ghatotkacha

Both came for one day in the war and were specially called to fight Karna and Rama but died fighting them. Ravana and Arjuna had specially called them to face Karna for their protection. Kumbhkaran was the brother of Ravana. Ghatotakacha was the son of Arjuna's brother Bhima.

8)Indrajeet as Abhimanyu
Indrajeet and Abhimanyu were the sons of Ravana and Arjuna. They both are glorified as heroes because they died. Both were fighting for their father's name when their father was not there in the battle.

Mahabharata
Uelsen

Uelsen () is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony.

Geography
The community of Uelsen is in westernmost Lower Saxony, on the border with the Kingdom of the Netherlands, roughly 30 km north of Enschede and 15 km northwest of Nordhorn.

References

Further reading
 (English-French-Dutch-German)
 Herbert Wagner: Die Gestapo war nicht allein... Politische Sozialkontrolle und Staatsterror im deutsch-niederländischen Grenzgebiet 1929 - 1945. LIT Verlag. Münster 2004 (contains among other things Uelsen in National Socialist times, persecution of the church, Oostergetelo).

Other websites
Joint Community’s webpage
Unofficial webpage about Uelsen and environs

County of Bentheim (district)
Wielen

Wielen is a small village in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany, and belongs to the Joint Community (Samtgemeinde) of Uelsen.

Constituent communities
Along with the namesake Ortsteil, there are outlying centres named Balderhaar, Striepe and Vennebrügge.

References

Other websites
Wielen
Joint Community’s webpage

County of Bentheim (district)
Wietmarschen

Wietmarschen is a unitary community (Einheitsgemeinde) in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is split into the villages of Wietmarschen, Füchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne with Lohne being the biggest and having the town hall while Wietmarschen, which is the second biggest, having the name.

Geography
Wietmarschen is about  west of Lingen, and  northeast of Nordhorn. The community's highest elevation is the Rupingberg in Lohne at  above sea level.  There are plans to construct a viewing tower on it.

Constituent communities
The community is divided into six districts named Wietmarschen, Füchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne.

Partnership
Mortagne-au-Perche, France became a partner community of Wietmarschen on 2 July 1989.

References

Other websites
  

County of Bentheim (district)
Highly abundant number

Highly abundant numbers are a type of natural number. Any natural number n is called highly abundant when a certain equation is true.

In this equation, m is every integer less than n. σ is the sum of every positive divisor of that number.

Example
An example would be to use the number 5. σ of 5 is 5 + 1 = 6. Every σ less than 5, however, is 4 + 2 + 1 = 7. 7 is greater than 6. This makes 5 not a highly abundant number.

History
Highly abundant numbers were first learned about by Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai in 1943. Work on the subject was done by Paul Erdős and Leonidas Alaoglu in 1944. Alaoglu and Erdős discovered every highly abundant number up to 104. They also showed that the number of highly abundant numbers less than N is proportional to log2 N.

The first few highly abundant numbers are

 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 60, ... .

There are only two odd highly abundant numbers. They are 1 and 3.

Similarities with other numbers 
The first eight factorials are highly abundant. However, not all factorials are highly abundant. For example,

 σ(9!) = σ(362880) = 1481040,

but there is a smaller number with larger sum of divisors,

 σ(360360) = 1572480.

This makes 9! is not highly abundant.

Alaoglu and Erdős discovered that all superabundant numbers are also highly abundant. There are, however, an infinite number of highly abundant numbers that are not superabundant numbers. This was proven by Jean-Louis Nicolas in 1969.

7200 is the largest powerful number that is also highly abundant. This is because every highly abundant number that is larger has a prime factor that divides them only once.

Notes

References 

 
 
 

Integer sequences
Divisor function
Yasser Seirawan

Yasser Seirawan (; born March 24, 1960) is an American chess grandmaster. He has been the United States champion four times.  Seirawan won the World Junior Chess Championship in 1979. He has also written books about chess.

1960 births
living people
Chess grandmasters
American chess players
Syrian people
1997 Algarve Cup

The 1997 Algarve Cup was the fourth edition of the Algarve Cup, an invitational women's association football tournament. It took place between 10  and 16 March 1997 in Portugal with Norway winning the event for the third time in its history, defeating the PR China, 1-0 in the final-game. Sweden ended up third defeating Denmark, 6-5 following a penalty shootout, in the third prize-game.

References

1997 in sports
Horrabridge

Horrabridge is a village in West Devon, England. In 2011, there were 3,115 people living in Horrabridge. It is about  north of the city of Plymouth and  south of Tavistock and is in the Dartmoor National Park. 

The main river in Horrabridge is the River Walkham, which is famous for its salmon.

The village is named after a 15th century horse bridge.

References 

Villages in Devon
Gundala (1981 movie)

Gundala or Gundala Putra Petir/Gundala, Son of the Lightning, Black Lightning in Philippines, is a 1981 Indonesian science fiction action fantasy superhero movie directed by Liliek Sudjio, the character is based on the comic character of the same name. the film will be a remake in early 2019.

Plot
Sancoko by creating an anti-lightning serum causes to his body by a resistant to by his god of Lightning turns him into Gundala.

Cast
 Teddy Purba as Sancoko/Gundala
 WD Mochtar as Ghazul
 Ami Prijono as Professor Saelan
 Anna Tairas as Minarti
 August Melasz as Agus
 Pitrajaya Burnama as God of Lightning

References 

1981 movies
Superhero movies
1980s action movies
1981 science fiction movies
Indonesian movies
Wilsum, Germany

Wilsum is a community in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany near the Dutch border, and it belongs to the Joint Community (Samtgemeinde) of Uelsen.

References

County of Bentheim (district)
Uelsen (Samtgemeinde)

Uelsen is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Uelsen.

The Samtgemeinde Uelsen has the following municipalities:

 Getelo 
 Gölenkamp 
 Halle 
 Itterbeck 
 Uelsen
 Wielen 
 Wilsum

Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony
Neuenhaus (Samtgemeinde)

Neuenhaus is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Neuenhaus.

The Samtgemeinde Neuenhaus has the following municipalities:

 Esche 
 Georgsdorf 
 Lage 
 Neuenhaus
 Osterwald

Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony
Schüttorf (Samtgemeinde)

Schüttorf is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the County of Bentheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Schüttorf.

Municipalities

 Engden 
 Isterberg 
 Ohne 
 Quendorf 
 Samern 
 Schüttorf

Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony
Adelheidsdorf

Adelheidsdorf is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

References

Celle (district)
Ahnsbeck

Ahnsbeck is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is at the southern border of the Lüneburg Heath, 10 km eastern of the city of Celle. It is part of the collective municipality of Lachendorf.

References

Celle (district)
Beedenbostel

Beedenbostel is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

References

Celle (district)
Bergen, Lower Saxony

Bergen is a town in the north of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Administratively it acts as a municipal borough divided into 12 subordinate parishes based on the town and its surrounding villages: Becklingen, Belsen, Bergen, Bleckmar, Diesten, Dohnsen, Eversen, Hagen, Hassel, Offen, Sülze and Wardböhmen.

Geography
Bergen is in the north of Celle on the Lüneburg Heath, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The Bundesstraße 3 (B3) passed through the municipal territory from north to south.

Town twinning
Bergen maintains partnerships with the towns of:
Pembroke & Pembroke Dock in Wales
Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht in the Netherlands
Śrem in Poland

It also partners with the home county (Heimatkreis) of:
Szubin (1941–1945 Altburgund) in Poland adopted the town of Bergen in 1956. There often used to be more than 1,000 participants at the annual meeting of the previous home county of Altburgund-Schubin.
 
In addition the town of Bergen has friendly relations with the following:
Rožnov pod Radhoštěm in the Czech Republic
Ottendorf-Okrilla in the county of Bautzen in Saxony
Pembroke (Malta) in Malta

References

Other websites 

 The official website for Bergen 

 
Celle (district)
Primitive abundant number

In math, a primitive abundant number is a special kind of abundant number. Its proper divisors, however, must all be deficient numbers(numbers whose sum of proper divisors are less than 2 times that number).

Example
For example, 20 is a primitive abundant number because:

 20 is an abundant number. This is because the sum of its divisors is 1 + 2 + 4 + 5 + 10 + 20 > 40. This makes 20 an abundant number.
 The sums of the proper divisors of 1, 2, 4, 5 and 10 are 0, 1, 3, 1 and 8. All of these numbers are a deficient number. This makes 20 a primitive abundant number.

The first few primitive abundant numbers are 20, 70, 88, 104, 272, 304, 368, 464, 550, 572 ... 

The smallest odd primitive abundant number is 945.

Properties 

Every multiple of a primitive abundant number is abundant .

Every abundant number is a multiple of either a primitive abundant number or a multiple of a perfect number.

Every primitive abundant number is either a primitive semiperfect number or a weird number.

There is an infinite amount of primitive abundant numbers.

References 

Divisor function
Integer sequences
Polynesian mythology

The Polynesian narrative or Polynesian mythology are the oral traditions of the Polynesian people.

Related pages
 Austronesian peoples

References 
 Beckwith, Martha, Hawaiian Mythology, Yale University Press, 1940, as re-issued in 1970, University of Hawaii Press
 
 
 
 , first published in English in 1898, available as Bernice P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 2, Second Edition, 1951, reprinted 1971.

Polynesia
Mythology
ხვიჩა კვარაცხელია

redirect Khvicha Kvaratskhelia
Palembang people

Palembangese  Palembang people or known locally as Wong Palembang (sometimes Wong Kito Galo) are the indigenous people native to the Palembang regions in southern Sumatra, Indonesia. There are around 3,800,000 Palembangese living in Indonesia.

Culture
The Palembangese culture is one of the oldest civilisations in Indonesia. Especially they flourished in the southern hempishere of Sumatra.

Noble titles

According to its prominent role, the Palembangese people are categorized under two classifications. They are the Wong Jero/Wong Jeroo ( 'aristocrats') and Wong Jabo ( 'regular people'). Palembangese noble titles are highly influenced by the Javanese nobility system due to the Javanese royals relationship with the Palembangese royals.

Male
 Ki, Kie, Ke, or Kyai
 Kimas/Ki Mas, Kiemas/Kie Mas, Kemas, or Kyai Mas, the male noble title with the ancestry line of Kemas Anom Dipati. (figures with this title: Taufiq Kiemas)
 Ki Gede or Kyai Gede, it is among one of the earliest titles used by Palembangese influenced by Javanese royals noble system. In the structure of Javanese society, the title Ki or Kyai is an honorary title given to someone who is considered wise or has aristocratic origins.
 Kiagus or Kyai Agus.
 Mas
 Masagus, the male nobility title.
 Pangeran
 Pangeran Adipati, the male nobility title for the crown prince brothers.
 Pangeran Ratu, the male nobility title for the crown prince.
 Prabu
 Prabu Anom.
 Raden, the male nobility tile.
 Raja
 Raja Madang

Female
 Mas
 Masayu, the female nobility title.
 Nyanyu
 Nyi or Nyai
 Nyi Gede or Nyai Gede, it is the female honorary title who had aristrocratic origins.
 Nyimas or Nyai Mas.
 Raden
 Raden Ayu, the female (married) nobility title.
 Ratu
 Ratu Agung
 Ratu Gading
 Ratu Ilir or Ratu Ilèr
 Ratu Mas
 Ratu Sepuh
 Ratu Sepuh Asma
 Ratu Ulu

Notable people

Entertainment industry
 Dinda Hauw, a female Indonesian actress. Her real Palembangese name is Nyimas Khodijah Nasthiti Adinda.
 Fenita Jayanti  Fenita Arie, a female Indonesian actress and presenter.
 Gita Savitri, a female Indonesian TV star.
 Putri Titian Asih  Putri Titian, a female Indonesian actress and TV star.

Pageantry
 Maria Selena, a female Indonesian actress, Puteri Indonesia 2011 ( 'Miss Universe Indonesia 2011'), and Top 22 of Miss Universe 2012.

Politics
 Taufiq Kiemas, a male Indonesian politician.

Sports
 Mohammad Ahsan, Indonesian badminton player who specializes in the men's doubles, ranked Top 6 in the BWF World Rankings.

References

Bibliography 
 
 

Indonesia
Ethnic groups in Asia
Borislav Ivkov

Borislav Ivkov (November 12, 1933 – February 14, 2022) was a Serbian chess Grandmaster. He was a World championship candidate in 1965. He played in four more Interzonal tournaments, in 1967, 1970, 1973, and 1979. Ivkov was born in Belgrade, then-Yugoslavia. He was a three-time Yugoslav Champion (1958, 1963, 1972) and was the first World Junior Champion in 1951.

Ivkov died on February 14, 2022 at the age of 88.

References

1933 births
2022 deaths
Serbian sportspeople
Chess players
People from Belgrade
Berit Berthelsen

Berit Berthelsen ( Tøien, 25 April 1944 – 13 February 2022) was a Norwegian athlete. She represented IL Tyrving. He also was part of the national team. She was known for participating in long jump and sprints events. She finished seventh at the 1964 Summer Olympics and ninth at the 1968 Summer Olympics. She won a bronze medal at the 1969 European Athletics Championships.

Berthelsen died on 13 February 2022, at the age of 77.

References

1944 births
2022 deaths
Competitors in athletics
Norwegian Olympians
Almost perfect number

In math, an almost perfect number (also called slightly defective or least deficient number) is a type of natural number n. The sum of n's divisors must be equal to 2n − 1. Every known almost perfect number is a power of 2 and has non-negative exponents .

For example, the divisors of 32 are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32. The sum of those is 63. 32 ⋅ 2 - 1 is 63. This makes 32 an almost perfect number.

The only known odd almost perfect number 1. An odd almost perfect number that's not 1 is possible. It would, however, have to have six prime factors.

References

Further reading 

 
 
 
 

Arithmetic dynamics
Divisor function
Integer sequences
Daniel Passent

Daniel Passent (28 April 1938 – 14 February 2022) was a Polish journalist, politician and writer. He was the author of the En passant blog, which was appearing as a column in a Polish weekly Polityka. Passent was born in modern-day Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. Passent was the Ambassador of Chile from 1997 until 2002.

Passent died on 14 February 2022, at the age of 83.

References

1938 births
2022 deaths
Polish journalists
Ambassadors of Poland
Željko Mijač

Željko Mijač (13 January 1954 – 14 February 2022) was a Croatian football manager and player.

During his playing career he played with HNK Hajduk Split (1974–76; 43/10) and NK Rijeka (1976–81; 72/7) in the Yugoslav First League. He ended his career playing in Italy in 1987.

Mijač was the coach of Standard de Liège during 1999. He then worked as assistant coach of Bahrain national team, Hajduk Split, Persepolis and Rah Ahan.

Mijač died on 14 February 2022, at the age of 68.

References

1954 births
2022 deaths
Croatian footballers
Croatian football managers
Aled Roberts

Aled Roberts (17 May 1962 – 13 February 2022) was a Welsh politician. He was born in Rhosllannerchrugog, Wrexham. He was an elected member of the National Assembly for Wales from 2011 until 2016. He was a member of the Welsh Liberal Democrats party. 

On 1 April 2019 he was appointed Welsh Language Commissioner by the Welsh Government.

Roberts died on 13 February 2022, at the age of 59.

References

1962 births
2022 deaths
Welsh politicians
Rhosllanerchrugog

Rhosllanerchrugog (also spelled Rhosllannerchrugog, ), is a large village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It lies within the historic county of Denbighshire. It  had a population of 25,362.

References

Villages in Wales
Nolan Williams (politician)

Roy Nolan Williams Jr. (August 15, 1941 – February 12, 2022) was an American politician. Williams was born in Dale County, Alabama. He taught school in Virginia and in Florida. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1975 until 1995. 

Williams died on February 12, 2022 in Newton, Alabama at the age of 80.

References

1941 births
2022 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Alabama
Ted Mappus

Theodore Tobias Mappus Jr. (July 20, 1926 – February 11, 2022) was an American politician. Mappus was born in Charleston, South Carolina. He was in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1987 to 1991 and was a Republican. 

Mappus died on February 11, 2022 in Charleston at the age of 95.

References

1926 births
2022 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from South Carolina
Businesspeople from South Carolina
People from Charleston, South Carolina
US Republican Party politicians
Tom McCormick (politician)

Thomas Ferguson McCormick (January 2, 1926 – February 10, 2022) was an American politician. McCormick was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 2002 as a Republican, and lost his re-election bid in 2004. 

McCormick died on February 10, 2022, at the age of 96 at his home in New London, New Hampshire.

References

1926 births
2022 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Brooklyn
Politicians from New Hampshire
US Republican Party politicians
New London, New Hampshire

New London is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,400 at the 2020 census.

References

Towns in New Hampshire
Valerio Carrara

Valerio Carrara (3 March 1951 – 9 February 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of Italy of Values, Forza Italia, and The People of Freedom. He was in the Senate of the Republic from 2001 to 2013. Carrara was born in Oltre il Colle, Italy.

Carrara died in Seriate, Italy on 9 February 2022, at the age of 70.

References

1951 births
2022 deaths
Italian politicians
Oltre il Colle

Oltre il Colle (Bergamasque:  ) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is located about  northeast of Milan and about  northeast of Bergamo.

References

Settlements in Lombardy
Seriate

Seriate (  Bergamasque:  [sɛˈɾjat] ) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is located about  northeast of Milan and about  southeast of Bergamo.

References

Settlements in Lombardy
Hans-Ulrich Klose (politician, born 1935)

Hans-Ulrich Klose (29 March 1935 – 7 February 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He was in the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1985 to 2005. 

Klose died in Korschenbroich, Germany on 7 February 2022, at the age of 86.

References

1935 births
2022 deaths
Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Korschenbroich

Korschenbroich is a city in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

References