cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications

École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Toulouse (Southern France).

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
 Ingénieur ENSEEIHT (ENSEEIHT Graduate engineer Masters level program)
 Master of Science (in partnership with the French Civil Aviation University)
 Mastères Spécialisés (MS)
 Massive Online Open Course.

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSEEIHT.

Most of the 1500 graduate engineer students at ENSEEIHT live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.

Research labs 
Research activities at ENSEEIHT relate to the following topics:
 Fluid mechanics
 Information technology
 Systems engineering
 Energy

References

Further reading 

 Official website

Technical colleges and universities in Toulouse
1907 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in France
Thiruvarur district

Thiruvarur district is one of the districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Thiruvarur town is the district headquarters of Tamil Nadu. 

Before 1991 Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were part of the Thanjavur district. After that, the present Taluks of Thiruvarur district and Nagapattinam district were separated from the Thanjavur District, and formed the Nagapattinam district. 

The total area of Thiruvarur district is 2161 km². Major towns of the district are Thiruvarur, Thiruthuraipoondi, Nachikulam, Muthupettai and Mannargudi.

Population
In the 2011 census of India, Thiruvarur district had a population of 1,264,277. There was a sex-ratio of 1,017 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. Scheduled Castes were 34.08% of the population. Scheduled Tribes were .24% of the population. The average literacy of the district was 74.86%, close to the national average.

Reference

Thiruvarur district
Madurai district

MADURAI district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Madurai district is the second largest district by population. Madurai is the headquarters of this district. It is an important place for making movies.

Population
According to 2011 census of India, Madurai district had a population of 3,038,252. The population was 2,578,201 in the 2001 census. This is a growth rate of 17.95%. The district had a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. This is up from 978 in 2001, and much above the national average of 929.

Administrative divisions in Madurai district
The district of Madurai has 13 taluks and revenue blocks with the same boundaries and names. They are:
 Thiruparankundram
 T.Kallupatti
 Tirumangalam
 Kallikudi
 Sedapatti
 Usilampatti
 Vadipatti
 Melur
 Madurai West
 Madurai East
 Kottampatti
 Alanganallur
 Chellampatti

Tourist attractions in the district
 Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple
 Thiruvathavur Thirumarainathar Temple
 Alagar Koyil
 Thirupparankundram Murugan Temple
 Thirumalai Nayakar Mahal
 1000 pillar hall
 Kazimar Big Mosque
 Gandhi Memorial Museum
Pazhamudhircholai
Vandiyur Mariamman Temple

References

Madurai district
2016 Kaikoura earthquake

The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake was a magnitude 7.8 (Mw) earthquake in the South Island of New Zealand. It happened two minutes after midnight on 14 November 2016 NZDT (11:02 on 13 November UTC). The epicentre where shaking started was about  north-east of Culverden and  south-west of the tourist town of Kaikoura. The epicentre was about 15 kilometres deep (9 mi).

The earthquake lasted for more than a minute, and was one of the three largest earthquakes in 2016.

References 

2016 earthquakes
Earthquakes in New Zealand
November 2016 events
2010s in New Zealand
Infobot

Infobot is a Perl IRC bot, first written in 1995 by Kevin Lenzo. The bot's main goal was to remember URLs and associate them with a name, so if someone needed a specific web address they could ask the bot. For this reason, the first Infobot, in the #macintosh channel in the EFnet IRC network, had the nickname 'url'.

The main project is now inactive, many forks from the original program were made, some of which are still active. Many of these forks carry extra features.

Internet Relay Chat
Software
Parole

Parole is the release of a prisoner before the end of his or her original sentence. This is based on the prisoner accepting certain conditions. Usually these include remaining on good behavior. They also agree to be monitored for a period of time by a public official called a parole officer.

References 

Legal terms
Coverture

Coverture is a long-standing legal practice in the United States that comes from the English common law. Coverture holds that a man and a woman are a single legal entity—that of the husband. A married woman loses her own legal obligations and rights, and becomes "covered" by her husband. Traditionally a woman took her husband's last name as a symbol of this identity. A female child was covered by her father's identity. When she married that coverage transferred to her husband. Under this system a woman did not legally exist and did not own anything.  

In the mid-19th century, with the rise of feminism, coverture began to be criticized as being unfair to women. Various laws began to be weakened and eventually done away with. But parts of coverture laws, mainly having to do with the husband being responsible for his wife's debts, lasted into the 1960s in some parts of the U.S.

References 

Legal terms
Form-based interface

A form-based interface is a kind of user interface. In it, the user interacts with the application by selecting one of a number of possible values, and by entering text into the fields that accept it. A word processor which is used to write documents, might offer settings for the font size, the font to use, and the alignment of the paragraph on the page. Many databases support a technology called query by example: Users who do not know SQL can easily select database records which are similar to the information entered.
Other places where form based interface can be use is 
Online application for job, school, college
Bank to fill cash details a
Hospital for filling patients details

Computers
Metric space

Metric space is a concept from Mathematics: Given a set of elments, there is a function which takes two arguments, which are elements of the set and returns a real number, which is usually called distance d between those elements. The function needs to be symmetric: d(x,y) = d (y,x).

Functions and mappings
Set theory
Brahmanas

The Brahmanas are a collection of Indian books. The books give more information on the Vedas, the four holiest books of the Hindu religion.

The Brahmanas give instructions on the proper performance of rituals. They also explain the original symbolic meanings.

Each Vedic shakha (school) has its own Brahmana. Many Brahmana texts existed in ancient India. Most of these have been lost.

References

Hinduism
Bister, Switzerland

Bister is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Valais
Bitsch, Switzerland

Bitsch is a municipality in the district of Raron in the Swiss canton of Valais.

References

Municipalities of Valais
Blatten (Lötschen)

Blatten (Lötschen) is a village and municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Villages in Valais
Bürchen

Bürchen (Walliser German: Birchu) is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Bürchen  

Municipalities of Valais
Eischoll

Eischoll (Walliser German: Eyschol) is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Webpage 

Municipalities of Valais
Ferden

Ferden is a municipality of the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Valais
Filet, Switzerland

Filet was a municipality, in the new municipality of Mörel-Filet and the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Former municipalities of Valais
Grengiols

Grengiols is a municipality of the district of Raron of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Sihlbrugg

Sihlbrugg is a village in the municipality of Baar (ZG), Hausen am Albis (ZH), Hirzel (ZH) and Neuheim (ZG) in the canton of Zug and Zurich in Switzerland.

Villages in Zürich
Mülenen

Mülenen is a village in the municipality of Reichenbach im Kandertal in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

Villages in Bern
Auressio

Auressio is a village and former municipality of the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

In 2001 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Berzona and Loco to form a new and larger municipality Isorno.

References 

Villages in Ticino
Former municipalities of Ticino
Dumbarton

Dumbarton (Dùn Breatainn or 'fort of the Britons'} is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It is on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.

Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Alclud, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a Royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.

Dumbarton became a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have declined. Dumbarton today is more a commuter town for Glasgow  east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.

References 

Towns in Scotland
Roy Cooper

Roy Asberry Cooper III (born June 13, 1957) is an American politician. He is currently the 75th Governor of North Carolina. He served as the Attorney General of North Carolina from 2001 to 2017. He was a member of the North Carolina State Senate. Cooper is a member of the North Carolina Democratic Party. 

He ran for Governor of North Carolina in the 2016 election against incumbent Pat McCrory. On December 5, McCrory conceded the election, making Cooper the first challenger to defeat a sitting governor in North Carolina since 1850. Cooper took office as the 75th governor of North Carolina on January 1, 2017. The Republican-dominated legislature passed bills in a special session before he took office to reduce his power. The legislature has overridden several of his vetoes of legislation.

References

1957 births
Living people
Governors of North Carolina
Lawyers from North Carolina
US Democratic Party politicians
Marne (river)

The Marne is a river in France. It is a right tributary of the Seine in the area east and southeast of Paris. Four departments are named after it: Haute-Marne, Marne, Seine-et-Marne and Val-de-Marne.

The Marne is famous as the place of two battles during the First World War, the first in 1914 and the second in 1918.

Geography
The Marne river has a length of , one of the longest in France, and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Gournay-sur-Marne in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, for a period of 44 years.

Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Gournay-sur-Marne

Course
The source of the Marne river is in the Plateau de Langres, in the commune of Balesmes-sur-Marne, at an altitude of about , in the Haute-Marne department. It flows generally to the north then turns to the west between Saint-Dizier and Châlons-en-Champagne.

The Marne river flows through 3 regions, 7 departments and 218 communes. It flows through the following communes, among others:
 Grand Est region
 Haute-Marne : Langres, Chaumont, Saint-Dizier
 Marne : Vitry le François, Châlons-en-Champagne, Épernay
 Hauts-de-France region
 Aisne : Château-Thierry
  Île-de-France region
 Seine-et-Marne : Meaux, Lagny-sur-Marne, Saint-Thibault-des-Vignes, Torcy, Noisiel, Vaires-sur-Marne, Chelles
 Seine-Saint-Denis :  Gournay-sur-Marne, Noisy-le-Grand, Neuilly-sur-Marne, Neuilly-Plaisance
 Grand Paris
 Val-de-Marne : Nogent-sur-Marne, Créteil, Charenton-le-Pont, Champigny-sur-Marne, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Joinville-le-Pont, Saint-Maurice, Bry-sur-Marne, Le Perreux-sur-Marne, Maisons-Alfort

Finally, it flows into the Seine river between Charenton-le-Pont and Alfortville in the Val-de-Marne department, in the area of Paris.

Main tributaries
The main tributaries of the Marne river are:

Left tributaries:
 Suize - 48.6 km
 Blaise - 85.6 km
 Fion - 21.3 km
 Coole - 30.2 km
 Somme-Soude - 59.9 km
 Surmelin - 41.5 km
 Petit Morin - 86 km
 Grand Morin - 120 km
 Guenelle - 30.1 km

Right tributaries:
 Traire - 29 km
 Rognon - 73.3 km
 Moivre - 22.8 km
 Saulx - 127 km
 Ourcq - 87 km 
 Thérouanne - 23.3 km
 Beuvronne - 23.9 km

Painters of the Marne

During the 19th and 20th centuries the Marne inspired many painters: some of them are:

 Camille Corot;
 Paul Cézanne;
 Pierre Emmanuel Damoye;
 Camille Pissarro;
 Henri Rousseau, known as "Le Douanier Rousseau";
 Albert Marquet;
 Raoul Dufy;
 André Dunoyer de Ségonzac;
 Louis Vuillermoz;
 Maurice Boitel;
 Daniel du Janerand.

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France
 First Battle of the Marne

References

Rivers of France
Grand Est
Hauts-de-France
Île-de-France
Elaine Chao

Elaine Lan Chao-McConnell (; born March 26, 1953) is an American politician. She was the 18th United States Secretary of Transportation from January 31, 2017 to January 11, 2021 during the Donald Trump administration.

She served as the 24th United States Secretary of Labor under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2009, and Deputy Secretary of Transportation under President George H. W. Bush. She was the first Asian-American woman and the first Taiwanese American in U.S. history to be appointed to a U.S. president's cabinet.

Early life
Chao was born in Taipei, Taiwan. Her parents were Ruth Mulan Chu Chao (1930–2007) and James S. C. Chao (born 1927). Her parents immigrated to the United States in 1961. She studied at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts and at Harvard University.

United States Secretary of Labor (2001–2009)
Chao was the only cabinet member in the George W. Bush administration to serve for the entirety of his eight years. She was also the longest-serving Secretary of Labor since Frances Perkins, who served from 1933 to 1945, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

United States Secretary of Transport (2017–2021) 
On November 29, 2016, it was announced that President-elect Donald Trump planned to nominate Chao for Secretary of Transportation when he takes office.

On January 31, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed Chao's nomination with a 93-6 vote. She assumed office on the same day, with Vice President Mike Pence swearing her in.

Following the 2021 United States Capitol attack, Chao announced her resignation as Secretary of Transportation on January 7, 2021. She resigned on January 11, 2021.

Personal life
Chao is married to Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.

References

Other websites

 
 Heritage Foundation profile 
 
 Elaine Chao history at Department of Labor 
 Elaine Chao   Video produced by Makers: Women Who Make America
 msb.georgetown.edu 

1953 births
Living people
Harvard University alumni
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Politicians from Kentucky
Businesspeople from Kentucky
Taiwanese businesspeople
United States Secretaries of Labor
United States Secretaries of Transportation
US Republican Party politicians
Tom Price

Thomas Edmunds "Tom" Price (born October 8, 1954) is an American physician and politician. He is the 23rd United States Secretary of Health and Human Services serving from February 10, 2017 to September 29, 2017. 

Price was U.S. Representative for , serving from  2005 through 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. He formerly served as chairman of the Republican Study Committee and the Republican Policy Committee.

Early life
Price was born in Lansing, Michigan. He was raised in Dearborn, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He moved to Atlanta, Georgia in the 1980s.

United States representative (2005–2017)
Price served as a United States representative from 2005 through 2017. Price's district served the northern suburbs of Atlanta. Price served as chairman of the House Budget Committee.

United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (2017)
On November 29, 2016, it was announced that Price would be nominated for Secretary of Health and Human Services by President-elect Donald Trump when he takes office.

On February 1, 2017, the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee approved his nomination by a vote of 11-0 with all Democrats boycotting the vote, sending the nomination to the Senate floor. On February 10, the Senate confirmed Price in an 52-47 vote.

In March 2017, Price endorsed the American Health Care Act, a bill proposed by House Republicans that would repeal the individual mandate and make several other major changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

In a series of reports in September 2017, Politico reported that since May 2017, Price had expended more than $1 million of Department funds for his own travel on private charter jets and military aircraft. Many of the flights were between cities that are easily accessible by train or car and have frequent, low-cost commercial airline service.

On September 29, 2017, Price resigned, becoming the shortest tenured Secretary of Health and Human Services.

Personal life
Price is married to Betty Price. They have one son together. Price is a Presbyterian.

References

Other websites

 Congressman Tom Price  official House site
 
 

1954 births
Living people
American physicians
People from Dearborn, Michigan
People from Lansing, Michigan
Politicians from Michigan
United States representatives from Georgia
United States Secretaries of Health and Human Services
US Republican Party politicians
James Mattis

James Norman "Mad Dog" Mattis (born September 8, 1950) is a retired United States Marine Corps general and was the 26th United States Secretary of Defense. On January 20, 2017, the United States Senate confirmed Mattis' nomination as Defense secretary with a 98-1 vote. He last served as the 11th Commander of United States Central Command from August 11, 2010 to March 22, 2013.

On December 20, 2018, Mattis announced his plans to retire on February 28, 2019. However after reading his resignation letter criticizing Trump's treatment of American allies, Trump ordered Mattis fired on December 31, 2018.

Early life
Mattis was born on September 8, 1950, in Pullman, Washington. He was raised in Richland, Washington. Mattis earned a BA degree in history from Central Washington University in 1971.

Military career
Mattis is known for carrying out the COIN strategy. Before President Obama appointed him to replace General Petraeus on August 11, 2010, he commanded United States Joint Forces Command from November 9, 2007 to August 2010 and served as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Transformation from November 9, 2007 to September 8, 2009 at the same time. Prior to that, he commanded I Marine Expeditionary Force, United States Marine Forces Central Command, and 1st Marine Division during the Iraq War.

United States Secretary of Defense (2017–2018)
On December 1, 2016, President-elect Donald Trump announced that Mattis would be nominated to serve as United States Secretary of Defense in the coming administration. He was confirmed by the United States Senate with a 98-1 vote. On the same day, he was sworn-in by Vice President Mike Pence.

On April 5, 2017, Mattis called the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack "a heinous act" and said it would be treated accordingly. On April 10, Mattis warned the Syrian government against using chemical weapons again.

Mattis has voiced support for a Saudi Arabian–led military campaign against Yemen's Shiite rebels. He asked Trump to remove restrictions on U.S. military support for Saudi Arabia.

Mattis insisted that the U.S. would remain in Syria following the defeat of ISIS to ensure they did not regroup. However, Trump announced the U.S. withdrawal from Syria on December 19. The next day, Mattis submitted his resignation after failing to persuade Trump to reconsider. In his resignation letter, Mattis criticized Trump for not respecting allied nations while criticizing China and Russia's authoritarian rule. In response to the letter, Trump ordered Mattis' firing on January 1, nearly two months earlier than Mattis planned leaving office.

Personal life
Mattis is a lifelong bachelor who has never been married and has no children. He is nicknamed "The Warrior Monk" because of his bachelor life and lifelong devotion to the study of war.

References

Other websites

 Official Marine Corps biography 
 
 James Mattis Sworn in As US Secretary of Defense
 Department of Defense biography
 Official Marine Corps biography 
 
 

1950 births
Living people
American generals
Independent politicians in the United States
Politicians from Washington
United States Secretaries of Defense
Bernardo Bertolucci

Bernardo Bertolucci (; 16 March 1940 – 26 November 2018) was an Italian director and screenwriter. His most well known works were  The Conformist, Last Tango in Paris, 1900, The Last Emperor, The Sheltering Sky, Stealing Beauty and The Dreamers. 

For The Last Emperor, he won two Academy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards (for directing and screenplay).

In 1979, he was married to screenwriter Clare Peploe. until 2018.

Bertolucci died in Rome on 26 November 2018, at the age of 77 of lung cancer.

References

1940 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Italian movie directors
Italian screenwriters
People from Emilia-Romagna
Academy Award winning writers
Academy Award winning directors
Golden Globe Award winning writers
Golden Globe Award winning directors
Giuseppe Caselli

Giuseppe Guglielmo Umberto Caselli (July 5, 1893 – December 19, 1976) was an Italian painter. He studied under Felice Del Santo and Antonio Discovolo. In 1913, Caselli was imprisoned in a concentration camp in Austria. After that, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence. In 1938 he participated in the Premio del Golfo (Gulf Award), organized by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.

Caselli was one of the best known painters from La Spezia. He painted thousands of works during his long career. In his paintings, Caselli showed the life of La Spezia. He painted the life in the Cinque Terre (Five Lands), a portion of coast on the Italian Riviera.

Exhibitions and awards 
 The "Company Promoters of Genoa" 
 The Second Exhibition of the Provincial Fascist Union in 1931
 1965 at the Exhibition of Figurative Arts of Corsairs Circle, La Spezia
 1967, the exhibition of the Salon Arengario Broletto in Novara

 Awarded the national prize for his painting "La Spezia Gulf" in 1933
 Awarded prizes of the "Gulf of La Spezia" from 1949 to 1955; in 1959 and 1961;

Related pages
 List of Italian painters

References 

1893 births
1976 deaths
Italian painters
Sultan Rahi

Sultan Muhammad (generally recognized as Sultan Rahi) was born in a Muslim arain family of Saharanpur in 1938 Uttar Pradesh, British India. He was a famous Pakistani film actor who was well-known in Pakistan in Punjabi & Urdu films during the 1970s and 1980s till 1996. He was mostly admired among people in Punjab, Pakistan and among Sikh and Punjabi community of India. He acted in over 700 Punjabi and Urdu films, and is named in the Guinness Book of Records as the most creative actor. His popular films include: Maula Jatt, Sher Khan, Chan Veryam, Dada, Qanoon, Kaley Chore, and The Godfather. He started his film career as an extra but quickly became a leading actor and in 1972. He was murdered on 9 January 1996 in Gujranwala, Pakistan.

Burly Pakistani actor Sultan Rahi specialized in playing superheroes and muscle men. Over his career, which began with his playing bit parts in the late '50s, Sultan appeared in more than 700 Punjabi films. He became a leading man in 1971 in Babul and a star the following year in Bashira. Born, Muhammad Sultan in India, Rahi moved to Pakistan at age nine.

Filmography

Other websites

1938 births
1996 deaths
Cinema of Pakistan
Pakistani movie actors
Movie producers
Pakistani people
Punjabi people
People from Uttar Pradesh
Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple

Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple is a ancient historic Hindu temple on the southern bank of the Vaigai River in the temple city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi, and  Sundareswarar (Shiva).

History
The temple is in the center of  2,500-year-old city of Madurai and is a significant symbol for the Tamil people. Though most of the present structure was built between 1623 and 1655 CE. It is said that the temple was originally built in the 6th century BC by survivors of the Kumari Kandam. In the 14th century, the Sultanate Muslim Commander Malik Kafur plundered the temple and looted it of its valuables. It was rebuilt by the Nayak ruler Vishwanatha Nayakar around the 16th century. It houses 14 gopurams (gateway towers), ranging from 45–50m in height. The tallest is the southern tower,  high, and two golden sculptured vimanas, the shrines over the garbhagrihas (sanctums) of the main deities.

Meenakshi temple as a tourist place
The temple attracts 15,000 visitors a day, around 25,000 on Fridays, and receives an annual revenue of  60 million. There are an estimated 33,000 sculptures in the temple. It was on the list of top 30 nominees for the "New Seven Wonders of the World". The temple is the most prominent landmark and most visited tourist attraction in the city. The annual of 10-days Meenakshi Tirukalyanam festival, is celebrated during April and May, attracts 1 million visitors.

Reference
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks full citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. 

Hinduism
Madurai district
Cuddalore

Cuddaloreis a city which is the headquarters of the Cuddalore district in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu.After the fall of Cholas, the town was ruled by various dynasties like Pandyas, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Thanjavur Nayaks, Thajavur Marathas, Tipu Sultan, French and the British Empire. Cuddalore was the scene of Seven Years' War and the Battle of Cuddalore in 1758 between the French and British. It has been a part of independent India since 1947. During the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, Cuddalore was one of the affected towns, with 572 casualties.

Apart from fishing and port related industries, Cuddalore houses chemical, pharmacological and energy industries in SIPCOT, an industrial estate set up by the state government. The town is administered by a special-grade municipality covering an area of  and had a population of 173,676 in 2011. Cuddalore is a part of the Cuddalore legislative assembly constituency which is a part of the Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency. There are a total of nine schools, two arts and science colleges and two engineering colleges in the town. There is one government hospital, six municipal maternity homes and 37 other private hospitals that take care of the healthcare needs of the citizens. Roadways are the major means of transportation, while the town also has rail connectivity. The nearest airport is Chennai International Airport, located  away from the town. The nearest major seaport is Karaikal port, located  away from the town.

Cuddalore is located at . It has an average elevation of . The land is completely flat with large deposits of black and alluvial soil inland and coarse sand near the seashore. The sandstone deposits in the town are popular. The Pennayar river runs north of the town, while Gadilam river runs across it. Cuddalore is situated at a distance of  from the state capital Chennai and  from Puducherry, the neighbouring union territory. The nearest airport is at Chennai,  kilometres from Cuddalore. According to 2011 census, Cuddalore had a population of 173,636 with a sex-ratio of 1,026 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 17,403 were under the age of six, constituting 8,869 males and 8,534 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 13.22% and .3% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the city was 78.92%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.

References

Cuddalore district
Adyar River

Adyar River is one of the two rivers that flows in Chennai. It originates near the Chembarambakkam Lake, Kanchipuram district.The  long river contributes to the estuarine ecosystem of Chennai. Despite the high pollution levels, boating and fishing take place in this river. The river collects surplus water from about 200 tanks and lakes, small streams and the rainwater drains in the city, with a combined catchment area of . Most of the waste from the city is drained into this river and the Cooum River.

Adyar river starts from Malaipattu tank near Manimangalam village in Sriperumbudur Taluk at about  west of Tambaram near Chennai. It starts to appear as a stream only from the point where water from Chembarambakkam lake joins the river. It flows through Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur and Chennai district for about  before joining the Bay of Bengal in Adyar, Chennai. Here it forms an estuary, which extends from the Adyar Bridge to the sandbar at the edge of the sea, with some small islets in-between. The estuary attracts a wide variety of birds. The estuary covering an area of about  was made a protected wildlife reserve in 1987. The river forms a backwater near the mouth, known as the Adyar creek, due to the formation of sand bar at the mouth. This creek is a natural channel which carries tidal water back into the sea.

The river is almost stagnant except during the rain season. Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation has led to severe contamination of this river. However, the river gets just 10 per cent of the untreated sewage being let into the three principle waterways of Chennai daily, with the other two, namely, the Buckingham Canal and the Cooum River, taking the major share (60 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively).
The problem of sedimentation was not severe as the Adyar's width near Thiru.Vi.Ka. Bridge is nearly  that enabled tidal effect into the waterway for about . However, it was essential to provide groynes to keep the river mouth open for adequate width and prevent inundation during monsoon. In 2011, the Water Resources Department (WRD) proposed to construct groynes to reduce formation of sand bars near the mouth the river.In 2012, the state government allotted  3,000 million towards construction of 337 sewage cleaning systems in the waterways in the city, including 49 locations in the Adyar river. Others include 105 points in Cooum river and 183 locations in the Buckingham Canal.

Reference

Chennai district
Rivers of Tamil Nadu
Cooum River

Cooum River is the shortest river draining into the Bay of Bengal. This river is about 72 km in length, flowing 32 km in the Urban part and the rest in rural part. The river is highly polluted in the urban area (Chennai). Along with the Adyar River running parallel to the south, the river trifurcates the city and separates Northern Chennai from Central Chennai.

Its source is in a place by the same name 'Cooum' or 'Koovam' in Tiruvallur district adjoining Chennai district. Owing to intensive use of surface water upstream for agriculture, indiscriminate pumping of groundwater leading to reduced base flow in the river, formation of sand bar at the mouth of the river, discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents and encroachment along the banks, the river, especially the downstream, has been highly polluted.

References

Rivers of Tamil Nadu
Chennai district
Hugues Quiéret

Hugues Quiéret was a French naval commander who played a major role at the Battle of Sluys.

References

1290 births
1340 deaths
French military people
Hundred Years' War
Hamamatsu festival

Hamamatsu Festival (浜松まつり) is a festival held in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, on May 3 to 5 every year. The Hamamatsu festival is not a religious festival but a city festival. In Japan, May 3 to 5 is a holiday called Golden week. Golden week is the longest national holiday in Japan. May 3 is Constitution Memorial Day, May 4 is Greenery Day, and May 5 is Children's Day. During the festival, people who live in each ward celebrate children, especially baby boys, and local restaurants pray for success and prosperity.

History 
The first Hamamatsu festival was held in 1558 to celebrate the birth of the son of the lord of Hamamatsu castle. The lord and his close advisers flew a kite with the son's name written on it. In the middle of the Edo era (1603~1868), not only in Hamamatsu but also all over Japan, it became popular to fly kites on the Children's Day (May 5). On that day, Japanese people usually celebrate and pray for boys' growth, good health, and bright futures.

Kite festival 

The Hamamatsu festival is famous for its large kites. At 11 am on May 3, more than 100 large kites fly in the sky.  The kite holders stand at the Nakataima Sand Dunes and release them all at the same time, signaled by a trumpet call. The Nakatajima Sand Dunes, is one of three largest sand dune areas in Japan. The Nakatajima Dunes overlook Enshu-nada sea, so the place has the strong winds needed for flying kites. The kites are decorated with baby boys' names and marks or designs of each town (chō). People believe that the higher the kites fly, the healthier the baby boys grow up.

Participants in each town also fight using the kites: They intertwine the 5 mm thick kite strings and use the friction to cut their opponents' kite strings. This kite festival is held for three days in the daytime.

Parade 

At night, there is a parade.  The parade has 83 palace-like parade floats in the center of Hamamatsu. Parade floats are large, movable carts covered in scenery or sculptures.  Each small town has one float.  Girls ride on the floats and play traditional music using Japanese instruments like taiko drums, shinobue flutes, and bells. Other children, their families, and people who live in the town also carry a floats around the area. The audience watches the parade from the side of the road.

References 

Japanese culture
Festivals in Asia
1558 establishments
16th-century establishments in Japan
May events
Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon

Wat yai chai mongkhon is a Buddhist temple in Ayutthaya, Thailand. It is the most important temple in Ayutthaya. It is a historical landmark and a popular tourist attraction.

References 

Buddhist temples in Thailand
Hyeokgeose

Hyeokgeose (혁거세) was the first king of Silla (신라), a the kingdom of ancient south-west Korea, from B.C. 57 to B.C. 935.

Mythology

Birth of Hyeokgeose 
In B.C. 69, six village chiefs gathered with their children and announced that “We have been living disorderly. It because we do not have a Great Chief on our villages. So, let’s set someone on the throne who is a virtuous person and found a nation.” At that time, they found the strange light looked like thunderbolt on Yang-san (양산) .

When they climbed the mountain to observe the light, The light went up to the sky at Najung (난정), the foot of Yang-san. And They found a white horse that was bowing. The horse flew up to the sky after it howled a long time. As soon as it left, they looked through the place and they found a big purple egg. The people broke the egg, and they reached out one boy who looked nice and beautiful. When people washed him at Dongchun (동천), his body shines and birds and beasts came to dance and sing. Also the sky and the earth shook and the sun and the moon became clear. After then, people named him King Hyeokgeose, meaning bright ruler.

Birth of Queen 
When the son of the sky came down to the earth, he suggested that Hyeokgeose has to find good wife for him. At that time, Gyeryong (계룡), which is a dragon looked like rooster, came down from the sky to Alyeong-jung (알영정) in Sarang-ri (사량리) and bore a beautiful girl who had chicken beak under the dragon’s left rib. When people moved and washed her at Bookchun (북천) in Walsung (월성), the beak chipped off. So the people called the place Balchun (발천) and named her Alyeong.

Marriage 
The people built up the palace at the foot of South mountain and brought up two babies, who are Hyeokgeose and his wife to be a prince and princess.

Death 
After 61 years from he start to rule the country, he flew up to heaven. After seven days, the ashes of his body fell to the earth and scattered, and the soul of his queen ascended to join him in paradise. All the people cried the ashes of their great king and queen. So they tried to bury them in the same tomb, but a big snake showed up and protected the ashes. So the royal remains of each were divided into five parts and interred in pairs in the Northern Mausoleum, within the precincts of a temple called Tamom-sa (담엄사). The people called these the Five Mausoleums, or Sa-ning (Tomb of the Snake;사능). The Crown Prince succeeded to the throne and was given the title Namhae-wang.

Reign 
The prince was crowned king with Princess Alyeong. The country at that time was called Sorabol (서라벌) in native language. The name Silla was not used until a later time. during the reign of Kaerim-guk (계림국). The Great Chief of the Park family founded the kingdom of Silla and ruled over it for sixty-two years

Origin of Family Name, Park 
Since the prince had been born from an egg in the shape of the gourd called "park" in the native tongue, they gave him the family name Park (박). The princess was named Alyeong (알영) after the well where she was born.

Korea
History of Korea
69 BC births
Selenocysteine

Selenocysteine  is the 21st protein-building amino acid. It is almost the same as cysteine, but a selenium atom replaces the sulfur atom.

References 

Amino acids
Hohtenn

Hohtenn is a village and former municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Hohtenn and Steg merged into the new municipality of Steg-Hohtenn.

Former municipalities of Valais
Villages in Valais
Kippel

Kippel is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Animal track

An animal track is the imprint left behind in soil, snow, mud, or other ground surfaces that an animal walks across. 

Animal tracks are used by hunters to track their prey, and by naturalists to identify animals living in an area.

Tracks can be fossilized over millions of years.  It is for this reason we are able to see fossilized dinosaur tracks in some types of rock formations.  These types of fossils are called trace fossils since they are a trace of an animal left behind rather than the animal itself. In paleontology, tracks often preserve as sandstone infill, forming a natural mold of the track.

Related pages 
Trace fossil

References 

Zoology
The Bridge (poem)

The Bridge is a long poem by American author Hart Crane. The work was published for the first time in 1930. It was intended by the poet to be a modern epic poem. The poem has fifteen parts. Many of them are about New York City. The best-known part of the poem is its introductory part named To Brooklyn Bridge. The Bridge is considered to be Hart Crane's most ambitious undertaking. It is sometimes, however, called a failure, too.

Hart Crane is a modern poet. But in this poem he used mostly iambic pentameter. This iambic pentameter is usually unrhymed (blank verse), but sometimes rhymed.

And Thee, across the harbor, silver paced
As though the sun took step of thee yet left
Some motion ever unspent in thy stride,—
Implicitly thy freedom staying thee!

Hart Crane is known for his attention to the sounds of language. He used alliteration, rhymes and internal assonance. The assonance, that is repeating of the same vowel, can be found in this strophe. The sound [i] occurs in many accented syllables in it.

How many dawns, chill from his rippling rest
The seagull’s wings shall dip and pivot him,
Shedding white rings of tumult, building high
Over the chained bay waters Liberty —

Alliteration, that is repeating of the same consonant, should be noticed in the next strophe.

O harp and altar, of the fury fused,
(How could mere toil align thy choiring strings!)
Terrific threshold of the prophet’s pledge,
Prayer of pariah, and the lover’s cry,

References

Other websites 
 Percy Hutchinson, Hart Crane's Cubistic Poetry in 'The Bridge'
 Pu Zhao, A Short Comment on Hart Crane’s Poem To Brooklyn Bridge 

Epic poems
Nendeln

Nendeln is a village in Liechtenstein. It is in the municipality of Eschen.

Geography
The village is in north-central Liechtenstein. It is on the main road Schaan-Schaanwald. The road links Liechtenstein with Buchs, Switzerland and Feldkirch, Austria.

Gallery

References

Other websites

Villages in Liechtenstein
Schaanwald

Schaanwald is a village of Liechtenstein. It is in the municipality of Mauren.

Geography
The village is in north-central Liechtenstein. It is on the main road that links Liechtenstein with Buchs, Switzerland and Feldkirch, Austria.

Notable people
Melitta Marxer

Gallery

Other websites

Villages in Liechtenstein
Connor McDavid

Connor McDavid (born January 13, 1997) is a Canadian ice hockey centre and captain for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs
Bold indicates led league

International

Awards and honours

References

Other websites

1997 births
Art Ross Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey centres
Edmonton Oilers players
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Ontario Hockey League players
American Eskimo Dog

The American Eskimo dog is a small breed of companion dog originating in Germany. The hair of American Eskimo dog is snowy white. Their hair also is long and thick, pure and luster, agile and flexible. American Eskimo belongs to the Spitz family. And all these breeds are from German Spitz. During the First World War, this breed was renamed “American Eskimo Dog.” There are three sizes of American Eskimo breed: toy, miniature and standard. The average lifespan of American Eskimo Dog is 12–15 years.

The best living places that are suit for American Eskimo Dog is active singles and seniors, apartments, family with children, houses with yards. This breed loves playing with human and it is very friendly with the children and stranger. Also, the nickname of American Eskimo Dog is “Eskie”.

History 
In the mid nineteenth century, the American Eskimo Dog was discovered in German colonial area in the United States. These dogs belong to the breed of German Spitz that came over from Europe with immigrants. Their early name is American Spitz. The American Eskimo Dog was famed in the United States at the end of nineteenth Century. In 1917, these dogs were renamed from American Spitz to American Eskimo Dog. (Even though their name does not have connection with American Eskimo culture.) They used to be watchdogs on farms to protect people's property. But at the end of nineteenth Century, the American Eskimo Dog prevailed in the circus.They  attracted a lot of people’ s attention because of their white coat, innate intelligence, trainability and amazing agility. Later, the American Eskimo Dog has become the first choice for household.

Sizes

Temperament/Behavior 

The American Eskimo Dog is full of vitality. They can make people who are around them feel happy. This breed wants to run, play, learn new tasks and solve problems. They are great watchdog that are always vigilant. But this breed loves barking. If you leave your dog at home by itself, it will bark whole day. Your neighbors may complain because of barking. You can’t train the barking out of the Eskie, but you can teach them a stop barking command. American Eskimo Dogs need companionship, and if they stay alone, they will feel very dysphoric.

Exercise requirement 
Because this breed likes sports, the dog needs to have plenty of exercise every day. A lot of exercise can keep their health and make them happy. The toy and miniature sizes can be fed in apartments, but the standard sizes may need a yard or enough space to run.

References 

Dog breeds
Street cricket

Street cricket or backyard cricket is an informal version of the game of cricket. 

It is played in many countries by people of all types and ages. It is played  in gardens, back yards, on the street, in parks, car parks, beaches and other places. The rules get adapted to local conditions. They play with bat or bat like wood  and use any kind of ball like plastic, sponge, paper and others.

Overview 
Street cricket sometimes uses rules from similar games, like baseball. For example, a batter who is not in a batsman's ground can be touched by an opponent holding the ball to be tagged out, or the opponent might put a foot on the wicket while holding the ball to run out a batter, which is similar to a force out.

South American versions

Bete-ombro
 
Bete-ombro is a Brazilian bat-and-ball game very similar to cricket.  The main differences are that there are no 4s or 6s, and only the bat can be used to avoid runouts and stumpings. The wickets are often bottles.

Plaquita
 
"La plaquita" or "la placa" is a similar game from the Dominican Republic, which traditionally used license plates as wickets.

Bat-en-bal 
Bat-en-bal is played in Suriname, with only one set of stumps.

References

Cricket
TWA Flight 800

Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (TWA 800) was a scheduled flight from John F. Kennedy Int'l Airport to Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport on July 17, 1996. The aircraft was a Boeing 747-100. The plane exploded just 12 minutes after takeoff. It crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near East Moriches, New York. The cause was determined to be a spark that ignited the center wing fuel tank. None of the 230 people onboard survived. It remains the third-deadliest aviation accident in U.S. history.

Passengers and Crew

Most of the 230 occupants on-board were from the United States, but 42 more came from France, 10 from Argentina, and 60 more from sixteen other countries.

The pilots on board TWA Flight 800 were Captain Ralph G. Kevorkian, Co-pilot Steven E. Snyder and Flight Engineer Richard G. Campbell. All had more than 30 years employment with Trans World Airlines. There was also a Flight Engineer Trainee on board Oliver Krick, who was starting the sixth leg of his initial operating experience training.

References

Other websites 
 The Crash of TWA Flight 800; YouTube

Aviation disasters in the United States
1996 in the United States
Accidental deaths
Aviation disasters in the 1990s
1990s in New York (state)
Conspiracy theories
Arrondissements of the Haute-Marne department

There are 3 arrondissements in the Haute-Marne department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Haute-Marne are:

History
Since its creation, the Haute-Marne department has had few changes:
 1790 : creation of the department with six districts: Bourbonne, Bourmont, Chaumont, Joinville, Langres and Saint-Dizier; the capital was Chaumont.
 1800 : creation of three arrondissements: Chaumont, Langres and Wassy.
 1926 : the arrondissement of Wassy was eliminated.
 1943 : Wassy was made again an arrondissement but the subprefecture was moved to Saint-Dizier.

Related pages
List of arrondissements of France

References

Haute-Marne