cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Once Upon a Time (TV series)

Once Upon a Time (OUAT) is an American fairy tale drama television series. It was first broadcast on October 23, 2011 on ABC. It features a woman, named Emma Swan, coming to a small town in Maine that is the home of cursed Fairytale characters who no longer remember who they are.

References 

American drama television series
2011 American television series debuts
Fantasy television series
English-language television programs
Joe Dirt

Joe Dirt is an 2001 comedy movie that was produced by Robert Simonds and was directed by Dennie Gordon. Joe Dirt was released on April 11, 2001 in North America. The movie received negative reviews with a 11% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 20 out of 100 from Metacritic.

Cast 
 David Spade as Joe Dirt (Nunamaker)
 Brittany Daniel as Brandy
 Dennis Miller as Zander Kelly
 Adam Beach as Kicking Wing
 Christopher Walken as Clem
 Jaime Pressly as Jill
 Kid Rock as Robby
 Erik Per Sullivan as young Joe Dirt
 Megan Taylor Harvey as Joe's little sister
 Caroline Aaron as Joe's mom
 Fred Ward as Joe's dad
 John P. Farley as KXLA security guard
 Bob Zany as Bullying man #1
 Brian Thompson as Buffalo Bob
 Blake Clark as Old Cajun Man
 Hamilton Camp as Meteor Burt
 Kevin Nealon as Garage Mechanic (cameo) (uncredited)
 Rosanna Arquette as Charlene (cameo) (uncredited)

References

Other websites 
Joe Dirt at the Internet Movie Database

2001 movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Columbia Pictures movies
Xenoturbella

Xenoturbella is a genus of bilaterian animals; it contains two marine worm-like species. The first known species was discovered in 1915 but was only described in 1949. A 2003 DNA study has shown it is a primitive deuterostome phylum. The genus was the first member of its subphylum (the Xenoturbellida) to be discovered. 

This phylum is basal within the deuterostomes. It is related to the Acoelomorpha, forming a sister clade to the echinoderms and hemichordates. Other members of this phylum are now known.

Xenoturbella has a very simple body plan: it has no brain, no through gut, no excretory system, no organized gonads (but does have gametes), or any other organs except for a statocyst containing flagellated cells. It has cilia and a diffuse nervous system. The animal is up to  long, and has been found off the coasts of Sweden, Scotland and Iceland.

The association of specimens of Xenoturbella with mollusc larva has led many to suggest that they are molluscivores. However, another idea is that the Xenoturbella larval stage develops as an internal parasite of certain molluscs.

The genus Xenoturbella contains two species:
 Xenoturbella bocki
 Xenoturbella westbladi

References

Other websites

A PCR survey of Xenoturbella bocki Hox genes
Movie of adult Xenoturbella bocki

Invertebrates
Minor phyla
Christian VII of Denmark

Christian VII of Denmark (29 January 1749 – 13 March 1808)  was the King of Denmark and Norway from 1766 to 1808, and the duke of Schleswig and Holstein. He was the son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain.

Early life
He lost his mother at the age of three. His stepmother, Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, did not take an interest in him, and preferred her own son, Frederik. Christian suffered from epileptic seizures. His educator, Count Detlev of Reventlow, educated him very severely, locking him up in dark chambers for hours at times. Starting at an early age, Christian showed signs of mental illness. At age 17, he was married to his cousin, Caroline Matilda of Great Britain. Caroline Matilde bore a son, the future King Frederick VI of Denmark.

Court life
When he became king, his cabinet ruled, much like in his father's time. The cabinet was led by Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff. When he toured Europe, he met Johann Friedrich Struensee, a medical doctor, who was influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment. Struensee soon gained influence at the court. Struensee initiated a number of liberal reforms. He also became the lover of queen Louise, who Christan neglected. In the year 1771, Princess Louise Auguste of Denmark was born. People think that Struensee was probably her father. Struensee was executed on 28 April 1772 outside the gates of Copenhagen. The queen was banned from the court. One of the last decrees of Struensee was to create the town of Christiansfeld, where people from the Moravian Church found shelter.

After the execution, Ove Høegh-Guldberg led the kingdom, supported by Queen Juliane and her son. Many of Struensee's reforms were undone. Andreas Peter Bernstorff stepped down in 1780. In the year 1784, Christian's son Frederick took power, reigning in the place of his father. Frederick was influenced by Enligtenment, and made a number of reforms; for example, the abolition of serfdom. Ernst Heinrich von Schimmelmann was made minister of finances. Together with Christian Ditlev Reventlow they boosted trade. Von Bernstorff returned to power in 1784, and was a strong supporter of the neutrality of Denmark. There was an economic boom.

Death
Christian VII died in 1808 as a result of a stroke.

Kings and Queens of Denmark
Dukes and duchesses
1749 births
1808 deaths
Torrey Smith

James Torrey Smith (born January 26, 1989) is an American wide receiver in the National Football League. He was selected by the Baltimore Ravens in the 2011 NFL Draft. Smith attended Stafford Senior High School in Stafford, Virginia, where he played basketball and football. He accepted a scholarship to the University of Maryland.

College career

Smith played college football for the Maryland Terrapins from 2007 through 2010. Smith redshirted as a freshman in 2007, but had gained a larger role by his sophomore year.

 

These numbers tell about Smith's play with the Terrapins:

Professional career

Baltimore Ravens

The Baltimore Ravens selected Smith in the 2nd Round (58th overall) of the 2011 NFL Draft. Smith started out slow in the preseason and struggled with drops. However, in Week 3 against the St. Louis Rams, Smith had five catches for 152 yards and three touchdowns. His first catch in the NFL was a 74-yard score from quarterback Joe Flacco. Smith continued his good play, even catching a game-winning touchdown against the Pittsburgh Steelers at Heinz Field on November 6, 2011. Smith finished his first season with 50 catches for 841 yards and seven touchdowns.

References
Ravens Draft Torrey Smith at No. 58
Smith makes history against Rams
Smith scores game-winning TD against Steelers

Other websites
Torrey Smith on Twitter
Torrey Smith Facebook
Torrey Smith Ravens bio 

1989 births
Living people
Baltimore Ravens players
Sportspeople from Virginia
List of Vegalta Sendai players

The List of Vegalta Sendai players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

Vegalta Sendai is a Japanese professional football club in Sendai.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Naoki Chiba
 Eldis Fernando Damasio
 Tatsuro Hagihara 
 Takuto Hayashi
 Tomoyuki Hirase
 Junya Hosokawa
 Yugo Ichiyanagi
 Jiro Kamata
 Atsushi Nagai
 Takayuki Nakahara
 Yuki Nakashima
 Yoshiaki Ota
 Ryang Yong-Gi
 Shigeru Sakurai
 Kunimitsu Sekiguchi
 Naoki Sugai
 Yoshiki Takahashi
 Naoya Tamura
 Shingo Tomita
 Kodai Watanabe

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 Vegalta Sendai website 
 J.League Club Guide 

Vegalta Sendai
Sendai, Miyagi
Klamath Falls, Oregon

Klamath Falls ( ) (Klamath: ʔiWLaLLoonʔa) is a city in Klamath County, Oregon,  United States. It was first called Linkville when George Nurse founded the town in 1867. This name came from the Link River, because the city sat on its falls. No falls exist there currently. The name was changed to Klamath Falls in 1892.  As of the 2010 census, 20,840 people lived there.

History
The Klamath and Modoc Indians were the first people to live in the area. The Klamath name for this place was Yulalona or Iwauna. Their name for the falls was Tiwishkeni, or "where the falling waters rush".

The Klamath Reclamation Project began in 1906. The aim of this project was to drain marshland and move water to allow agriculture. When the main "A" Canal was built, water was first available on May 22, 1907. Veterans of World War I and World War II were allowed to live there.

Geography
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of .  of this is land and  (4.54%) is water. The elevation is .

Klamath Falls has a high desert landscape. The older part of the city is above natural geothermal springs. These have been used to heat houses and streets, mostly in the downtown area.

Sister city 
Klamath Falls has one sister city:

 Rotorua, New Zealand

Related pages 
 Crater Lake

References

Other websites 
Entry for Klamath Falls in the Oregon Blue Book.

Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
List of Vissel Kobe players

The List of Vissel Kobe players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

Vissel Kobe is a Japanese professional football club in Kobe.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Edmilson Alves
 Raphael Jose Botti
 Tatsuya Enomoto
 Kazuki Ganaha
 Yosuke Ishibitsu
 Takahide Kishi
 Kunie Kitamoto
 Teruaki Kobayashi
 Hiroyuki Komoto
 Gakuto Kondo
 Ryosuke Matsuoka
 Masatoshi Mihara
 Tsuneyasu Miyamoto
 Hiroto Mogi
 Yoshito Okubo
 Tsubasa Oya
 Park Kang-Jo
 Hideo Tanaka
 Ken Tokura
 Kenta Tokushige
 Takayuki Yoshida

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 Vissel Kóbe website 
  J.League Club Guide 

Vissel Kobe
List of Fagiano Okayama players

The List of Fagiano Okayama players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

Fagiano Okayama is a Japanese professional football club in  Okayama.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Keita Goto
 Kim Tae-Yeon
 Masahiko Kimura
 Hiroki Kishida
 Kohei Kiyama
 Tetsushi Kondo
 Ryota Miki
 Kohei Nishino
 Yasuhiro Nomoto
 Kazunari Okayama
 Yuhei Ono
 Kazuya Sakamoto
 Tadashi Takeda
 Ryujiro Ueda
 Seiko Yamanaka

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 Fagiano Okayama website 
  J.League Club Guide 

Fagiano Okayama
Okayama, Okayama

is the capital city  of Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu.

It is a core city in Japan.

Related pages
 Fagiano Okayama
 Okayama Prefectural Museum

References

Other websites

 http://www.city.okayama.jp/english/index.html ; 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Okayama Prefecture
Cycliophora

The Cycliophora are a platyzoan phylum, based on a single genus Symbion. They are so different from other animals that they were put in their own phylum. They were discovered in 1995, and are the most recent new phylum. So far, three species have been found.

They live on the bodies of cold-water lobsters. They are microscopic: the feeding stage is about 0.3 mm long, and 0.1 mm wide.

Their life style is commensal, (a form of symbiosis) – they feed on the leftovers from the lobster's own meals.

Life stages 
They have three different body forms, and a two-stage life-cycle.
 Asexual Feeding Stage – at this stage, the tiny animal is neither male or female. On the posterior end of the sac-like body is a stalk with an adhesive disc, which attaches itself to the host. On the anterior end is a ciliated funnel (mouth) and an anus.
 Sexual Stage – these are even smaller than the feeding stage.
 Male – Has no mouth or anus, which shows the absence of a digestive system. It also has two reproductive organs.
 Female – Has a digestive system which collapses and reconstitutes itself as a larva.

Reproduction
Symbion can reproduce both asexually by budding and sexually. In sexual reproduction the male attaches to a feeding stage and impregnates a budding female. The female then separates from the feeding stage and attaches herself to another host, where the larva in her develops. The female dies, and the larva escapes.

The sexual reproductive cycle is triggered when the host crustacean moults its 'shell' (exoskeleton) in order to grow.

References 

Minor phyla
Invertebrates
List of FC Gifu players

The List of F.C. Gifu players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

F.C. Gifu is a Japanese professional football club in Gifu Prefecture.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Suguru Hashimoto
 Kyohei Noda
 Shōgo Shimada
 Kazunori Yoshimoto

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 FC Gifu website 
  J.League Club Guide 

Lists of Japanese football players
Marksistskaya

Marksistskaya is a station of Moscow metro, Kalininskaya Line. It is situated between Tretyakonskaya and Ploshad Il'icha stations. It Was opened on 30 December 1979. It is connected with two other stations - Taganskaya-koltsevaya and Taganskaya-Radialnaya. The station is about  under the ground. It has only one exit - to Marksistskaya Street (or Taganskaya, if you cross Marksistskaya street).

Moscow Metro
Meiju Suvas

Meiju Suvas (born: January 22, 1959 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish singer. Her debut album sold 60,000 copies in Finland. It was certified Platinum in that country. She also recorded "Kielletty Rakkaus", which was a tribute song to American singer Selena who originally recorded the song as "Amor Prohibido" (Forbidden Love).

References

1959 births
Living people
Singers from Helsinki
List of FC Machida Zelvia players

The List of F.C. Machida Zelvia players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

F.C. Machida Zelvia is a Japanese professional football club in Machida in the Tokyo region.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Takashi Aizawa 
 Kazuki Hiramoto 
 Ryo Sakai
 Jun Sonoda
 Tomohito Shugyo 
 Masakazu Tashiro
 Kazuyuki Toda

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 http://www.zelvia.jp/ 
  J.League Club Guide 

Lists of Japanese football players
Pachuca

Pachuca (officially "Pachuca de Soto") is the capital city of the state of Hidalgo, in Mexico. It is also the capital of the municipality named Pachuca.

Pachuca's nickname is "The Windy Beauty" or "Bride of the Wind", because in the city there are seasons where the winds are very strong. Even local legend is depicted on a monument (the monument of the victory of the wind).

The city has a soccer club "Pachuca". It has a traditional dish called "paste" which consists of a small pie filled with a mixture of chopped potatoes, ground beef and spicy. It has a clock tower dedicated to the Mexican War of Independence.

References 

Capital cities in Mexico
Hidalgo (state)
Jules Perrot

Jules-Joseph Perrot (18 August 1810 – 29 August 1892) was a French dancer and choreographer. Perrot was born in Lyon, France, and studied with Auguste Vestris. He debuted at the Paris Opéra in 1830, and became premier sujet (principal dancer) within a year. He became Carlotta Grisi's lover in 1836, and choreographed most of her role in Giselle in 1841. He passed six years creating ballets for Her Majesty's Theatre in London. He was appointed ballet master for the Imperial Ballet in St. Petersburg, and remained there until 1858. He returned to Paris, and retired in 1864, although he taught classes at the Opéra for many years. Perrot died on 29 August 1892. He created some of the most famous ballets of the 19th century including Pas de Quatre, La Esmeralda, Ondine, and Giselle.

References 
 Encyclopedia Britannica: Jules Perrot
 Garfunkel, Trudy. 2002. On Wings of Joy. e-reads. 0-7592-2862-0.

Other websites 

 
The Grand Pas des Naiads from the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet's revival of Perrot's Ondine, music by Cesare Pugni, choreography by Pierre Lacotte 

1810 births
1892 deaths
French choreographers
French ballet dancers
Kashiba, Nara

is a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan.

History
The city was founded on October 1, 1991.

Geography

Surrounding municipalities
 Nara Prefecture
 Kanmaki
 Katsuragi
 Kōryō
 Ōji
 Yamatotakada
 Ōsaka Prefecture
 Habikino
 Kashiwara
 Taishi

Population
From Japanese census data,

References

Other websites
 Official website

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Nara Prefecture
Miyaki, Saga

is a town in Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is the first town in Saga to have its name spelled in hiragana, not kanji. Miyaki is the name of the town and the town's district.

Geography
Miyaki is in the eastern part of Saga Prefecture. It is about  east of Saga City and  south of Fukuoka.

Other websites

 Miyaki official website 

Towns in Japan
Settlements in Saga Prefecture
Matsusaka, Mie

, sometimes called Matsuzaka, is a city in central Mie Prefecture. It is on the island of Honshū, Japan.  The city is famous for its Matsusaka beef.

Famous people
Mitsui Takatoshi (三井高利) (1622–1694) - founder of the Mitsui group.
Motoori Norinaga (本居宣長) (1730–1801) - scholar of the Edo period whose teachings were based on the kokugaku, the rejection all foreign, particularly Chinese, influence on Japanese culture.
Kana Nishino (西野カナ) (1989-) - J-pop/R&B singer

Other websites

 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Mie Prefecture
Primera División de Costa Rica

Primera División de Costa Rica is a league for association football clubs in Costa Rica. It is the country's top football competition. The division has 12 clubs. The seasons are separated by two single tournaments each year, the Apertura, from July to December, and the Clausura, from January to May. So there are two champions each season with teams playing anywhere from 32 to 44 games each totalling 412 games in the season.

The league was created on 13 June 1921 following an invitation from Guatemala to Costa Rica to participate in its Centenary Games.

Other websites
 UNAFUT - Primera Division
 Federación Costarricense de Fútbol (Federation of Costa Rican Football)

Sport in Costa Rica
Football leagues
1921 establishments in North America
20th-century establishments in Costa Rica
Nagakute, Aichi

is a Japanese city in Aichi Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It is known as the site of the 2005 World Exposition.

The Toyota Automobile Museum is in Nagakute.

History

Timeline
 1584 (Tenshō 12):  
 2005 (Heisei 17): Expo 2005 World Exposition

Geography
Nagakute is to the east of Nagoya.

Related pages 
 Seto, Aichi

References

Other websites 

 Nagakute City Homepage (in Japanese, select English)
  Aichi Shukutoku University 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Aichi Prefecture
L.D. Alajuelense

Liga Deportiva Alajuelense (L.D.A.), is a Costa Rican football club that plays in the Primera División de Costa Rica. It was created on 18 June 1919. The team is located in Alajuela and they play their local games at the Estadio Alejandro Morera Soto.

They are the only club in Costa Rica football history with at least one Championship won in each decade. It also shares along with CS Herediano being the only team that has never descended nor played in the Second or Third division.

Notable coaches

: Jorge Luis Solera
: Alejandro Morera Soto "El Mago del Balón"
: Salvador Soto "El Indio Buroy" 	
: José Luis Rojas "Chime"
: Hugo Tassara
: Eduardo Viso Abella
: Juan Colecchio
: Iván Mraz
: Odir Jacques
: Alvaro Grant McDonald

: Jan Postulka
: Jorge Olguín
: Valdeir Vieira "Badu"
: Manuel Keosseian "Manolo"
: Guilherme Farinha
: Jorge Luis Pinto
: Javier Delgado
: Rodrigo Kenton
: Oscar Ramirez

|}

Honors

National
Costa Rican Championship: 29
1928, 1939, 1941, 1945, 1949, 1950, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1970, 1971, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, Invierno 2010, Verano 2011, Invierno 2011, Verano 2012, Invierno 2013

Runner-up (20):
1930, 1938, 1944, 1952, 1957, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1972, 1985, 1986, 1989, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2007–08, 2008 (Apertura), 2009 (Clausura)

Costa Rican Short-Tournament Championships:

 Apertura (6): 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2010, 2011
 Clausura (7): 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2011
 Copa Argentor (1): 1928 (One of the oldest and important titles of Costa Rica, since in this tournament the clubs participated of first, second and third divisions of the country eliminating itself to each other)
 Copa de Campeones del Futbol Nacional (1): 1967

Tournament Cups

 3 Costa Rican Great Britain Cup
 1 Costa Rican Tournament Cup

Sport in Costa Rica
Football clubs
1919 establishments in North America
20th-century establishments in Costa Rica
Song Ikp'il

Song Ikp'il (, February 10 1534 - August 8 1599), also known as Unjang,  was a Korean scholar, writer, politician, and Neo-Confucian philosopher of the  Joseon period.

His nickname was Gubong(구봉, 龜峰) and Hyunseung(현승, 玄繩).

Works 
 Gubongjip(구봉집, 龜峰集)
 Hyunseungjip(현승집, 玄繩集)
 Garyejooseol(가례주설, 家禮註說)
 Hyunseungpyun(현승편, 玄繩編)

Related pages 
 Yi I
 Kim Jip
 Kim Jang-saeng
 Baik In-geol
 Ahn Bang-jun
 Kim Yuk
 Seong Hon

References

Other websites

 송익필 [宋翼弼] at Naver.com 
 http://koreandb.nate.com/history/people/detail?sn=5067 

1534 births
1599 deaths
Korean writers
Korean politicians
Korean philosophers
Ben Kingsley

Sir Ben Kingsley  (born Krishna Pandit Bhanji; 31 December 1943) is a British actor. He was born in Snainton, North Yorkshire, England. His father was an Indian who was born in Kenya. He is best known for his role as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in Gandhi, for which he won an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award. The first movie he acted in was Fear Is the Key in 1972.

References

Other websites 

1943 births
Living people
Actors from Yorkshire
BAFTA Award winning actors
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Grammy Award winners
Knights Bachelor
People from North Yorkshire
Samantha Fox

Samantha Karen Fox (born 15 April 1966) is a British singer, actress and former glamour model. She was born in London. She has sold over thirty million records all over the world and has performed in many movies and television programs. She was very popular in the 1980s and early 1990s. She came out in 2003 and stated that she is in a lesbian relationship. In 2009 she stated her intention to enter into a civil partnership with her manager, Myra Stratton. Fox was a contestant in the 2009 series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.

References

Other websites 

Actors from London
English movie actors
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! contestants
LGBT actors
LGBT singers
Models from London
Singers from London
1966 births
Living people
Lesbians
Night of the Hurricane

Night of the Hurricane is a three-part crossover event in the Animation Domination block on Fox. It included the three animated series by Seth MacFarlane. These series were Family Guy, American Dad and The Cleveland Show.  It was first to be broadcast on May 1, 2011, but a series of tornados that killed many people in the Southern United States made Fox broadcast it later. It was broadcast in the next season.

References 

2011 in American television
Animated television series
Family Guy episodes
The Cleveland Show
American Dad!
Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima

is a Japanese city in Hiroshima Prefecture that is on the island of Honshu.

History
During the reign of Emperor Shōmu, a system of provincial Buddhist temples or  were established, including one at Saijō in what is today Higashihiroshima.

In 1973, Hiroshima University established a campus at Higashihiroshima.

In 1974, Higashihiroshima was created from the merger of four neighboring towns—Saijō, , Hachihonmatsu, Shiwa, and Takaya. In 2005, more towns were merged into the city—Kurose, Kōchi, Toyosaka, Fukutomi and Akitsu.

References

Other websites

 Higashihiroshima City website 
  "Cultural assets - Aki Kokubunji" at Pref.hiroshima.lg.jp

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Hiroshima Prefecture
Bridge router

A Bridge router or Brouter is a type of telecommunication processor used in networking. It is a combination of both bridge and router.

Computer networking
White Rock, British Columbia

White Rock is a city in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is in Metro Vancouver regional district. In 2011, 19,339 people lived in White Rock.
 The mayor of White Rock is Darryl Walker. It is known for its pier and the large, white boulder which the city is named after.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Cities in British Columbia
Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

'Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (‎; 7 December 903 – 25 May 986), known as al-Sufi, was a Persian astronomer. The lunar crater Azophi and the minor planet 12621 Alsufi are named after him. Al-Sufi wrote his Book of Fixed Stars in 964, in text and pictures.

Biography 
Al-Sufi was one of the nine noted Muslim astronomers. His name implies that he was a Sufi Muslim. He lived at the court of Emir Adud ad-Daula in Isfahan, Persia. He translated and expanded Greek astronomical works, especially the Almagest of Ptolemy. He made several corrections to Ptolemy's star-list and did his own brightness and magnitude estimates which often differed from those in Ptolemy's work.

He was a major translator into Arabic of the Hellenistic astronomy done mainly in Alexandria. This was the first attempt to connect the Greek with the traditional Arabic star names and constellations, which had been unrelated and overlapped in complicated ways.

Astronomy 

He identified the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is visible from Yemen, though not from Isfahan. It was not seen by Europeans until Magellan's voyage in the 16th century. He also made the earliest recorded observation of the Andromeda Galaxy in 964 AD; describing it as a "small cloud". These were the first galaxies other than the Milky Way to be observed from Earth.

He observed that the ecliptic plane is inclined with respect to the celestial equator and more accurately calculated the length of the tropical year. He observed and described the stars, their positions, their magnitudes and their colour, setting out his results constellation by constellation. For each constellation, he provided two drawings, one from the outside of a celestial globe, and the other from the inside (as seen from the earth).

Al-Sufi also wrote about the astrolabe, finding numerous additional uses for it: he described over 1000 different uses, in areas as diverse as astronomy, astrology, horoscopes, navigation, surveying, timekeeping, Qibla, Salah prayer, etc.

References 

903 births
986 deaths
Astronomers
Persian people
Rajat Gupta

Rajat Kumar Gupta (, born 2 December 1948) is an Indian-American businessman. He was the managing director (chief executive) of McKinsey & Company from 1994 to 2003 and a business leader in India and the United States. He was arrested in late 2011 by the FBI on insider trading charges stemming from the Raj Rajaratnam Galleon Group case. In 2012, he was sentenced to 2 years in prison.

References

1948 births
Living people
Indian businesspeople
Mario Monti

Mario Monti (19 March 1943) is an Italian politician who was the Prime Minister from 2011 to 2013. He also was Finance Minister of Italy.

Sources

1943 births
Living people
Italian Roman Catholics
Politicians from Lombardy
Prime Ministers of Italy
Yale University alumni
Saint-Lambert-sur-Dive

Saint-Lambert-sur-Dives is a commune in the Orne department in north-west France. In 2007, there were 148 people living there. It is  in size. The highest point in the commune is 148 metres. The river "La Dives" through the commune. The church was built in 12th century, its bell tower was registered as  in historic monument in 1948. This is a romanesque bell tower. The church is closed since 1999. You can see the Castle of Mimbeville of the 17th century.

Communes in Orne
Aunou-le-Faucon

Aunou-le-Faucon is a Commune of the Orne department in north-western France. There are 273 people living there.
There is a church called Eglise St-Cyr-et-Ste-Julitte. The steeple dates from the 17th century.
There is a fortified house dated from the 15th century, this is the "Tour aux Anglais".
There are many horse farms around. 

Communes in Orne
Oberlin University

is a private university in Machida, Tokyo, Japan.  It was established in 1946.

History
The name of the university honors Jean Frederick Oberlin.  The name highlights the university's historical ties with Oberlin College in the United States.

The university had a junior college, , between 1950 and 2007. It originally had one academic department, which taught the English language and literature. A second department, Life sciences, was set up in 1955. The college began accepting male students in 1999. The Life sciences department stopped taking students in 1999. The junior college was closed in 2007.

Notable alumni 
 Tokiko Ishida: Cheerleader
 Murasaki Kanda: Kōdan
 Yuka Kashino: Member of pop group Perfume.
 Mie Koyanagi: Journalist
 Isao Ogawa: Politician
 Ayano Ōmoto: Member of pop group Perfume.
 Iriko Seki: Journalist
 Azusa Takehana: Model
 Yinling: Japanese actor and singer

References

Other websites 
J.F. Oberlin University website 
 Obirin Junior College 

Colleges and universities in Tokyo
1921 establishments in Asia
1920s establishments in Japan
Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts

Field Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts Bt VC KG KP GCB OM GCSI GCIE KStJ PC (30 September 1832 – 14 November 1914) was one of the most distinguished commanders of the British Empire.

Roberts was Indian born, in Cawnpore (now Kanpur) Uttar Pradesh. The son of a general from County Waterford in Ireland, he regarded himself as Anglo-Irish.

Career 
He served in the Indian rebellion, the Expedition to Abyssinia and the Second Anglo-Afghan War before leading British Forces to success in the Second Boer War. He also became the last Commander-in-Chief of the Forces before the post was abolished in 1904.

Roberts was awarded the Victoria Cross for actions on 2 January 1858 at Khudaganj. The citation reads:
"Lieutenant Roberts' gallantry has on every occasion been most marked".

Warning about Germany 
In an important speech in Manchester on 22 October 1912 Roberts warned of the threat posed by Germany:

In the year 1912, just as in 1866 and just as in 1870, war will take place the instant the German forces by land and sea are, by their superiority at every point, as certain of victory as anything in human calculation can be made certain...We may stand still. Germany always advances and the direction of her advance, the line along which she is moving, is now most manifest. It is towards...complete supremacy by land and sea.

He claimed that Germany was making enormous efforts to prepare for war and ended his speech by saying:

Gentlemen, I say, “Arm and prepare to acquit yourselves like men, for the day of your ordeal is at hand”.

This speech was much criticised in the liberal and radical press, such as the Manchester Guardian. Much later, a historian said: "At this distance of time the verdict upon Lord Robert's Manchester speech must be that, in speaking out clearly on the probability of war, he was doing a patriotic service comparable to Churchill's during the Thirties".

Death 
Roberts died on November 14, 1914. He died of pneumonia. He got sick when he was visiting British troops. Few non-royal people in four centuries have been given a State Funeral in the United Kingdom. Roberts was one of them.

Son a VC also 
Robert's son, Frederick Hugh Sherston Roberts, died in 1899 in the second Boar War, and received the VC. They were one of only three father and son pairs to receive the Victoria Cross.

References 

1832 births
1914 deaths
British Army generals
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights of the Garter
Knights of the Order of St John
Order of Merit
Order of the Indian Empire
People of the Boer Wars
Victoria Cross winners
Club de Foot Montréal

Club de Foot Montréal, commonly known as CF Montréal, is a Canadian soccer team based in Montreal, Quebec. It has played in the Eastern Conference of Major League Soccer (MLS) since 2012. The club was created in 2010 as an expansion team named the Montreal Impact. It was the third Canadian team to join the MLS. The old Montreal Impact of the North American Soccer League (NASL) was replaced by this team. The team's motto is "Tous Pour Gagner"''. That is French for "'''All for victory'''.

The club plays its home games at the Saputo Stadium and is coached by Mauro Biello.

History 
On March 10, 2012, the Impact played their first MLS game, which ended in a 2-0 loss against Vancouver Whitecaps. The Impact won the Canadian Championship in both 2013 and 2014.

Rivalries 
Montreal Impact's biggest rival is Toronto F.C. because of Canada's two largest cities (Toronto and Montreal) having shared multiple rivalries. Montreal and Toronto professional soccer teams have competed against each other for over 40 years. 

From the original North American Soccer League, as well as the Canadian Soccer League and the A-League, the rivalry has continued through many different leagues they have played up until the past few years where both cities would still occasionally meet for the Canadian Championships. Since both teams have joined MLS, the rivalry is even more intense and the matches have become a Canadian soccer classic called the 401 Derby.

Notes

References 

Canadian soccer teams
Sport in Montreal
Major League Soccer teams
Jean Frederick Oberlin

Jean Frederick Oberlin (August 31, 1740 – June 1, 1826) was an Alsatian educator who established schools in poor communities in France.

In the early 19th century, he was honored in the name of Oberlin College, which is an American liberal arts school in Ohio. 

In the mid-20th century, Oberlin University in Machida, Tokyo was named after him.

References

Other websites

  J.-F. Oberlin Museum
 Oberlin's Namesake 

1740 births
1826 deaths

People from Grand Est
List of Gainare Tottori players

The List of Gainare Tottori players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

Gainare Tottori is a Japanese professional football club in Tottori Prefecture.

List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Toshihiro Hattori 2010-2011
 Atsushi Inoue
 Hidenori Kato
 Takahide Kishi
 Kiyomitsu Kobari
 Shota Koide
 Atsushi Mio
 Tomokazu Nagira
 Masayuki Okano
 Norio Omura 2008
 Eiichiro Ozaki
 Nobutaka Suzuki
 Kenta Togawa
 Toshitaka Tsurumi
 Yasumichi Uchima
 Tomoyuki Yoshino
 Xu Xiaofei 2007

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan
 List of Japanese football teams

References

Other websites

 Gainare Tottori websitge 
  J.League Club Guide 

Gainare Tottori
Tottori, Tottori

is the capital city of Tottori Prefecture on the island of Honshu.

It has been recognized as a special city since 2005.

History 

Tottori Castle was established by Yamana Nobumichi in 1545.  The castle town grew at the base of the mountain where the castle was built.

Tottori was incorporated as a city on October 1, 1889.

The city was damaged by a great earthquake in 1942 and by a great fire in 1952.

Related pages 
 Gainare Tottori

References

Other websites

 Tottori website ; 
 http://www.torican.jp/en/ ; 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Tottori Prefecture
Kannō

, also sometimes romanized as Kan'ō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Jōwa and before Bunna. This period started in February 1350 and ended in September 1352.  The emperor in Kyoto was .  Sukō's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .

Events of the Kannō era 
 1350 (Kannō 1, 10th month): Yoshinori guarded Kyoto.

 1350–1352 (Kannō 2–3): Armed conflict, variously known as the  or Kannō no Juran.

 1352 (Enbun 3, 2nd month): Emperor Go-Murakami captured former-emperors Kōgon, Kōmyō and Sukō; and they were permitted to return to Kyoto in 1357 (Enbun 2, 2nd month).

Southern Court nengō
 Shōhei, 1346–1370

Related pages
 Muromachi period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1350 establishments
1350s establishments in Japan
1352 disestablishments
1350s disestablishments in Japan
Bunna

, also romanized as Bunwa, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Kannō and before Enbun. This period started in September 1352 and ended in March 1356.  The pretender in Kyoto was .  Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was .

Events of the Bunna era 
 1353 (Bunna 2): Kyoto occupied by southern forces under Yamana Tokiuji; and the capital was retaken by the Ashikaga.
 1354 (Bunna 3): Takauji flees with Go-Kōgon; Kitabatake Chikafusa dies.
 1355 (Bunna 4): Kyoto taken by southern army; Kyoto retaken again by the Ashikaga forces.

Southern Court nengō
 Shōhei, 1346–1370

Related pages
 Muromachi period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1352 establishments
1350s establishments in Japan
1356 disestablishments
1350s disestablishments in Japan
Cleveland Brown

Cleveland Brown (born July 30, 1957) is a main character for the spin-off show for Family Guy called The Cleveland Show. He was the only known African American friend that Peter Griffin had known. He was married to Lorretta Brown until they divorced after she cheated on him with his friend Glenn Quagmire. Cleveland later remarried with Donna Tubbs. He had one son with Lorretta and three step-children with Donna. He moved to Virginia. He is 42 years old.

References

Fictional African-American people
Family Guy characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1999
The Cleveland Show
Caramel

Caramel (}
) is a beige to dark-brown sweet food. It is made by heating sugars. It is used to add flavour to puddings and desserts. It can also be as a filling, like is done in bonbons, and as a topping for ice cream, custard and coffee.

Simple sugar (Sucrose) starts to melt at about  , without changing its color. The process called caramelisation starts when sugar  is heated to at least  , and more often to around . As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and turn into compounds with the colour and flavour of caramel.

Many candies and desserts are made with caramel. Some of these are caramel apples, pralines, nougats, brittles, crème caramel, and crème brûlée.

Caramel candy 
Caramel candy is a soft, dense, chewy candy. It is made by boiling a mixture of milk or cream, sugar(s), butter, and vanilla flavouring.  The sugar(s) are heated separately to reach . This turns them to caramel before the other ingredients are added. Another way of doing this is to cook all ingredients together. This way, the milk turns to caramel but the sugars do not. This type of candy is often called "milk caramel" or "cream caramel".

Caramel coloring
Caramel coloring is a dark bitter-tasting liquid. It is what is made after near-total caramelisation. It is then bottled to be used for other things. It is used as food coloring and in beverages like cola.

Caramel sauce

Caramel sauce is made from heating water and caster sugar at a low to medium temperature. This is done until the sugar dissolves and "caramelises". This changes its colour to golden brown.

Related pages 
 Toffee
 Butterscotch

References

Other websites 

 Caramel sauce recipe .

Food ingredients
East Side Mario's

East Side Mario's is a Canadian casual dining restaurant by Prime Restaurants. It has restaurants in Canada and the United States. The restaurant is known for Italian-American cuisine.

It has over 100 locations in Canada as well as some in the United States.

It is a sponsor of the Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation.

References

Canadian restaurants
1987 establishments in Canada
Cartoon Network

This article is about the American television channel. For international versions, see Cartoon Network (international).

Cartoon Network is an American television channel. It broadcasts television programs that are suitable for young children. Most of the shows are animated cartoon series, but some live-action shows are also broadcast. However, at night Cartoon Network switches to Adult Swim which broadcasts programs for teens and adults instead.

Cartoon Network first launched in October 1, 1992 through cable and satellite television in the United States by Turner Broadcasting System (or TBS for short). In the early years, many of the shows featured on the channel were classic cartoons and Hanna-Barbera shows. TBS later launched Cartoon Network Studios to make flagship original shows specifically for Cartoon Network.

After successfully launching the channel in the United States, TBS decided to launch the channel in other countries. The Cartoon Network channels in other countries distributes Cartoon Network's original shows in different languages.

Production company

Cartoon Network Studios is the channel’s production company. it was founded in 1995.

Related pages
 List of programs broadcast by Cartoon Network

Other websites
 Official Site

References 

 
American television channels
1992 establishments in the United States
Criminal Minds

Criminal Minds is an American police procedural television series. It was first broadcast on September 22, 2005, on CBS.

On March 14, 2012, CBS renewed Criminal Minds for an eighth season, which premiered on September 26, 2012.

The series ended on February 19, 2020.

References 

2005 American television series debuts
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American crime drama television series
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
Lake Wobegon

Lake Wobegon is a fictional town in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the setting of Garrison Keillor's News from Lake Wobegon which is part of his weekly radio variety show, A Prairie Home Companion. Keillor tells stories of life in a small Minnesota town every week. The weekly segment is broadcast on National Public Radio and available as a podcast via iTunes.

In Keillor's weekly stories about Lake Wobegon, he describes the town:

 He usually starts the stories as "Well, it's been a quiet week in Lake Wobegon, Minnesota, my hometown, out there on the edge of the prairie."
 He says about Lake Wobegon "the little town that time forgot, and the decades cannot improve."
 He ends the stories by "Well, that's the news from Lake Wobegon, where all the women are strong, all the men are good looking, and all the children are above average."

References

Fictional locations
Radio programs
Minnesota in fiction
La Fille mal gardée

La Fille Mal Gardée is a comedy ballet in three scenes. Its title means The Unchaperoned Daughter. The music is by Ferdinand Hérold. The choreography is by Dauberval. It was first performed in Bordeaux, France in 1789. It was then presented at the Grand Theatre in Paris on July 1, 1789. It is the oldest ballet still performed by major ballet companies.

Notes

References
 

Ballets
Treaty of Portsmouth

The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904–1905 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on 5 September 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine in the United States. It was named after nearby Portsmouth, New Hampshire. US President Theodore Roosevelt got the Nobel Peace Prize for helping the negotiations.

Portsmouth
20th century in Russia
20th century in Japan
1905
August Bournonville

August Bournonville (21 August 1805 – 30 November 1879) was a Danish ballet master and choreographer.  He studied in Paris as a young man. He became a solo dancer with the Royal Danish Ballet in Copenhagen. He became the company's choreographer from 1830 to 1877. He created more than 50 ballets. Only a limited number survive. It was only after World War II that his ballets became known outside Denmark. 

His work is a link with earlier ballet traditions. He avoided the excesses of romantic ballet. He gave equal emphasis to both the male and female dancer. The extremes of human nature were tempered in his work and a more balanced picture of human nature emerged. His ballets include Napoli and The Conservatory.

Choreographers
1805 births
1879 deaths
Danish people
Napoli (ballet)

Napoli is a ballet in three acts. The story of the ballet and the dances are the work of August Bournonville. The music was written by E. Helsted, Gade, and Paulli. Napoli was first danced by the Royal Danish Ballet in Copenhagen on 29 March 1842. Napoli has not changed over the years. It is danced in Copenhagen today exactly as it was danced in 1842. It is said to be Bournonville's greatest ballet.

Story of the ballet 
The beautiful Neapolitan girl Teresina loves Gennaro, a fisherman. Gennaro and Teresina sail out into the Gulf of Naples. A storm washes Teresina into the sea. Gennaro sets out to save her. Teresina has been taken to the blue grotto (a rocky cave) by sea spirits. The grotto is the home of the powerful spirit Golfo. He plans to keep Teresina in the grotto. He changes her into a spirit. Gennaro sails into the grotto. He prays to the Madonna and Teresina becomes herself again. Gennaro and Teresina go back to Naples. The people believe Teresina was saved through witchcraft. A priest says it was a miracle. The people are happy. Teresina and Gennaro marry.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Excerpt from the third act "Tarantella"

Ballets
Royal Danish Ballet

The Royal Danish Ballet is one of the oldest ballet companies in the world. It is based in Copenhagen, Denmark. Its origin dates to 1748, when the Royal Danish Theatre was founded. The company was finally organized in 1771 in response to the great popularity of French and Italian styles of dance. The Royal Danish Theatre has served as the company's home since its founding.   

Ballet companies
Marie Taglioni

Marie Taglioni (18041884) was a ballerina. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden on 23 April 1804. Her father was the choreographer Filippo Taglioni. He created the seminal romantic ballet La Sylphide to showcase her talents.

She was the first ballerina to dance en pointe for the sake of artistry rather than spectacle. She created a scandal when she shortened her ballet skirts to display her footwork.

She danced mostly in London at Her Majesty's Theatre and in Paris at the Opéra. In 1827, she began a three-year stint with the Imperial Ballet in St Petersburg. She danced in Pas de Quatre with Carlotta Grisi, Lucille Grahn, and Fanny Cerrito in July 1845. She retired in 1847 and lived in Venice, Italy.

She was the guiding spirit behind the reorganization of the Paris Opéra Ballet. In later life, she taught social dances to children and society ladies. She also took a limited number of ballet pupils.  Johann Strauss II composed the Marie Taglioni Polka, Op. 173 in her honour. She died in Marseilles on 24 April 1884.

Ballet dancers
Ballerinas
1804 births
1884 deaths
Swedish entertainers
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Disease-related deaths in France
Curiosity

Curiosity is an emotion that shows a want or need to know new things. It is shown in behavior such as exploration, investigation, and learning. It is an innate behaviour of humans and many animal species. Curiosity is a major cause and force behind scientific research and other studies. 

Curiosity is common to humans at all ages starting from infancy, through adulthood. It is easy to see in many other animal species, such as apes, cats, rodents, fish, reptiles, and insects. Although it is an innate behaviour of many living beings, it is not thought of as an instinct because it is not a fixed action pattern.

A morbid curiosity is an addictive curiosity with death, violence, or something else that may hurt you physically or emotionally.

References

Emotions
Creativity
Problem solving