cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Minoru Makihara

Minoru Makihara (January 12, 1930December 13, 2020) was a British-born Japanese business executive. He was the chief executive of the Mitsubishi Corporation from 1992 to 1998 and chairman from 1998 to 2004. He was born in London.

Makihara died on December 13, 2020 in Tokyo from heart failure at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Japanese businesspeople
Businesspeople from London
Deaths from heart failure
John Cremona

John Joseph Cremona (January 6, 1918 – December 24, 2020) was a Maltese politician and lawyer. He was the Attorney General of Malta during independence talks in 1964. He helped write the Constitution of Malta. He was the chief justice of Malta from 1971 to 1981.

Cremona died at the age of 102 on December 24, 2020.

References

1918 births
2020 deaths
Maltese politicians
Maltese lawyers
Judges
Siv Widerberg

Siv Widerberg (12 June 1931 – 24 December 2020) was a Swedish writer and journalist. She received doctor honoris causa from the University of Umeå.  She was born in Bromma, Sweden. She was a member of the Swedish Academy for Children's Books. 

Widerberg died on 24 December 2020 in Stockholm, aged 89.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Swedish journalists
Writers from Stockholm
Reginald Foster (Latinist)

Reginald Thomas Foster  (November 14, 1939 – December 25, 2020) was an American Catholic priest and friar of the Order of Discalced Carmelites. From 1970 until his retirement in 2009, he worked in the Latin Letters section of the Secretariat of State in the Vatican.

Foster died on December 25, 2020 at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Roman Catholic priests
American Roman Catholics
Writers from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Dab (dance)

Dabbing, or the dab, is a simple dance move in which a person drops their head into their bent upwardly angled arm, while raising the opposite arm out straight in a parallel direction. 

Since 2015, dabbing has been used as a playful manner, becoming a youthful fad and Internet meme.

The move looks like someone sneezing into their elbow.

References

Internet memes
Dance
Milka Babović

Milena "Milka" Babović (27 October 1928 – 26 December 2020) was a Croatian sprint and hurdles runner and journalist. Babović was born in Skopje and grew up in Sarajevo, but moved to Ruma and Belgrade. She came in fifth place at the 1954 European Championships. 

She was a journalist for Narodni sport. She was a multiple-time president of the sport journalist section of the Croatian Journalist Association and was a member of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee.

Babović died of COVID-19 in Zagreb on 26 December 2020 at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia
Croatian writers
Female athletes
Journalists
People from Skopje
Sprinters
Brian Binley

Brian Arthur Roland Binley (1 April 1942 – December 2020) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Northampton South from 2005 to 2015. Binley was born in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire.

Binley died in December 2020 at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
People from Northamptonshire
George Blake

George Blake ( Behar; 11 November 1922 – 26 December 2020) was a British spy. He worked as a double agent for the Soviet Union. He became a Communist and decided to work for the KGB while a prisoner during the Korean War. 

His crimes as a double agent was discovered in 1961 and sentenced to 42 years in prison. He escaped from Wormwood Scrubs prison in 1966 and fled to the Soviet Union. 

Blake died on 26 December 2020, aged 98, in Moscow.

References

1922 births
2020 deaths
British criminals
Spies
People from Rotterdam
Cambridge Five

The Cambridge Spy Ring was a group of spies in the United Kingdom that passed information to the Soviet Union during and after World War II. It was active from the later 1930s until at least into the early 1950s. 

None was ever prosecuted for spying. The number and membership of the ring became public slowly, since the 1950s. Their most damaging achievement was to pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union.
The sudden flight of Donald Maclean (cryptonym: Homer) and Guy Burgess (cryptonym: Hicks) to the Soviet Union in 1951 was the first public news. 

In 1961, defector Anatoliy Golitsyn provided information which pointed to Kim Philby. Philby (cryptonyms: Sonny, Stanley), fled the country in 1963. He spent the rest of his life in Moscow.

After Philby's flight, British intelligence got confessions from Anthony Blunt (cryptonyms: Tony, Johnson) and then John Cairncross (cryptonym: Liszt), who were the last two of a group of five. Their involvement was kept secret for many years: until 1979 for Blunt, and 1990 for Cairncross.  

The group became known as the Cambridge Five. All five spies met as students or teachers at Cambridge University.

References

Spies
World War II
Cold War
1940s in England
1950s in the United Kingdom
University of Cambridge
Anthony Blunt

Anthony Frederick Blunt (26 September 1907 – 26 March 1983), styled Sir Anthony Blunt KCVO from 1956 to 1979, was a British art historian and spy. In 1964, he confessed to having been a spy for the Soviet Union and was part of the spy group the Cambridge Five.

Blunt was the "fourth man" of the Cambridge Five, a group of Cambridge-educated spies working for the Soviet Union from some time in the 1930s to at least the early 1950s. 

The height of his spying was during World War II, when he passed intelligence to the Soviet Union. His confession was a closely guarded secret for years. It was revealed by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in November 1979. He was stripped of his knighthood immediately.

Blunt was professor of art history at the University of London, director of the Courtauld Institute of Art, and Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures.

References

1907 births
1983 deaths
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
British historians
British military personnel of World War II
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English LGBT people
Gay men
LGBT academics
People from Bournemouth
Spies
Writers from Hampshire
Chic McLelland

Chic McLelland (24 March 1953 – 26 December 2020) was a Scottish football player and manager. He played for Aberdeen, Motherwell, Dundee and Montrose. His playing career lasted from 1973 to 1990. His managing career lasted from 1990 to 1991.

McLelland was born in Glasgow. He died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 63.

References

1953 births
2020 deaths
Scottish footballers
Scottish football managers
Sportspeople from Glasgow
Tito Rojas

Julio César Rojas López (June 14, 1955 – December 26, 2020) known as Tito Rojas a.k.a. "El Gallo Salsero" was a Puerto Rican salsa singer. He was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico. His career began in 1972. He was known for his albums: Tres Mujeres (1987), Sensual (1990), Vida (2010), Independiente (2011) and El Viajero (2014).

Rojas died on December 26, 2020, at the age of 65, after suffering a heart attack in Humacao.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Puerto Rican singers
Humacao, Puerto Rico

Humacao () is a municipality in Puerto Rico.

References

Municipalities of Puerto Rico
Nomvuzo Shabalala

Nomvuzo Francisca Shabalala (1960 – 26 December 2020) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party. From 2011 to 2016 she was the deputy mayor of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. In 2018, Shabalala was elected a member of the National Assembly.

Shabalala died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 60. The cause of death was problems caused by COVID-19.

References

1960 births
2020 deaths
South African politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
Kadambur R. Janarthanan

Kadambur R. Janarthanan (22 October 1929 – 26 December 2020) was an Indian politician and trade unionist. He was born in Tamil Nadu, India. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1984. He left the parliament in 1996 only to serve again from 1998 to 1999.

Janarthanan died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Indian politicians
Indian businesspeople
Trade unionists
Leader of the Opposition (Scotland)

The Leader of the Opposition is an informal term given to the leader of the largest party not in government in the Scottish Parliament. Since 11 August 2020, this has been Ruth Davidson  of the Scottish Conservative Party.

List of Leaders of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament 
 Alex Salmond (Scottish National Party) - 12 May 1999 - 26 September 2000
 John Swinney (Scottish National Party) - 26 September 2000 - 3 September 2004 
 Nicola Sturgeon (Scottish National Party) - 3 September 2004 - 17 May 2007
 Jack McConnell (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 May 2007 - 15 August 2007
 Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 15 August 2007 - 14 September 2007
 Wendy Alexander (Scottish Labour Party) - 14 September 2007 - 28 June 2008
 Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 28 June 2008 - 14 September 2008
 Iain Gray (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 September 2008 - 17 December 2011
 Johann Lamont (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 December 2011 - 24 October 2014
 Jackie Baillie (Scottish Labour Party) - 24 October 2014 - 13 December 2014
 Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 December 2014 - 13 June 2015
 Iain Gray – (Scottish Labour Party) – 13 June 2015 – 15 August 2015
 Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) – 15 August 2015 – 6 May 2016
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 6 May 2016 - 15 September 2018
 Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 15 September 2018 – 3 May 2019
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 3 May 2019 – 29 August 2019
 Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 29 August 2019 – 30 July 2020
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 11 August 2020 – present

References

Scotland
Scottish politicians
Ruma

Ruma () is a town and municipality in the Srem District of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011, 30,076 people lived there.

References

Settlements in Serbia
More Cowbell

"More Cowbell" is a comedy sketch. It is a part of Saturday Night Live. It was first shown on television on April 8, 2000. The sketch is shown as a fake episode of Behind the Music. It is about the real band Blue Öyster Cult making a sound recording for the song "(Don't Fear) The Reaper". Will Ferrell is shown in the sketch as a man playing the cowbell. He plays the cowbell very loud and annoys the members of Blue Öyster Cult. Christopher Walken is in the sketch as a music producer that keeps asking for the cowbell to be louder.

Many people thought that it was one of the best sketches of Saturday Night Live. Rolling Stone named it the 9th best sketch of Saturday Night Live. "More Cowbell" became a catchphrase in popular culture.

References 

2000 in American television
Rastamouse

Rastamouse is a British animated program on CBeebies.

The show was created in 2011.

References 

British television
Slovene Americans

Slovene Americans or Slovenian Americans are Americans of Slovene or Slovenian descent.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Latvian Americans

Latvian Americans are Americans who are of Latvian ancestry. According to the 2008 American Community Survey, there are 93,498 Americans of full or partial Latvian descent.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Turn

Turn or Turn: Washington's Spies is an American television show. It is set during the American Revolutionary War.  It is about the spies and the beginning of espionage.  It was on television for four seasons.  It started in 2014.

Development

Turn is based on the Culper Ring, real spies from the Revolutionary War.  The television show was based on the book Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring, by Alexander Rose.  The book is not fiction.  Rose is one of the show's producers and writers.

Story

A cabbage farmer named Abraham Woodhull (Jaime Bell) and his friends become spies for George Washington (Ian  Kahn).  The story covers the British plan to use counterfeit money, the time Benedict Arnold changed sides, and the execution of John André.

Setting

Much of the story takes place on Long Island in New York.  It also shows other parts of the American colonies, including Manhattan, Philadelphia, and West Point.

Accuracy
According to Long Island historian Margo Arceri, the show is "about 70 percent inaccurate."

Results

Because of the television show, more tourists came to Long Island.  Many of the buildings where the real Culper Ring spies worked are still there.

Related pages
Culper ring

References

Other websites
Turn on IMDB

2014 American television series debuts
2017 American television series endings
2010s American drama television series
Spy television series
English-language television programs
Icelandic Americans

Icelandic Americans are Americans of Icelandic descent or Iceland-born people who reside in the United States. Icelandic immigrants came to the United States primarily in the period 1873–1905 and after World War II.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Iceland
Estonian Americans

Estonian Americans () are Americans who are of Estonian ancestry, mainly descendants of people who left Estonia before and especially during World War II. According to the 2013 American Community Survey, there were over 27,000 Americans of full or partial Estonian descent, up from 26,762 in 1990.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Faroese Americans

Faroese Americans are Americans of Faroese descent or Faroe Islands-born people who reside in the United States. The Faroe Islands are a group of eighteen islands between Iceland and Norway, and they are a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. There are approximately 50,000 Faroese people living in the Faroe Islands today. It is not known how many Faroese Americans there are.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Monacan Americans

Monacan Americans are Americans born in or with ancestry from the principality of Monaco. It can also refer to people born in the United States residing in Monaco.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Kazakh Americans

Kazakh Americans are Americans of full or partial Kazakh ancestry. Although in the 1960s the population of Kazakh origin in United States was estimated in 3,000 people, the Census 2000 puts the population size in less of 300 people. According to the American Community Survey in 2010-2012 there were more than 23,000 people born in Kazakhstan, but not all of them are of Kazakh ethnicity.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Kashubian Americans

Kashubian Americans are Americans of Kashubian descent. The two earliest Kashubian American settlements in the United States were located around Winona, Minnesota, and Portage County, Wisconsin, which are across the Mississippi River from each other.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Sorbian Americans

Sorbian Americans or Wendish Americans are Americans of Sorb/Wend descent. The largest community of Sorbs in the United States is in Texas, with a population of around 588 Sorbs/Wends.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Liechtensteiner Americans

Liechtensteiner Americans are Americans of Liechtensteiner descent.

History 
The first Liechtensteiner emigrants of which have record emigrated in United States in the early 1830s. However, first great wave of Liechtensteiner emigrants arrived to the United States on April 7, 1851, settling in New Orleans; and in 1852 other group emigrated to Dubuque, Iowa (including stonemasons, bricklayers and carpenters). Eventually, many of the Liechtensteiner emigrants of Dubuque left the city and got farms nearby. However, the Liechtensteiner emigration was reduced during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Later, when the construction of railroads began "lying the country together and opening up the West", other Liechtensteiners emigrated to United States to work in the construction of railroads.

During the following decades, many other Liechtensteiners emigrated to places such as Guttenberg, Iowa and Wabash, Indiana. However, between 1885 and 1907, Liechtensteiner emigration slowed, limited to a few individuals and families. Less than 30 Liechtensteiners emigrated during that period to United States. Reducing migration was due to the large increase in economic activity from the establishment of first textile factories in the 1880s.

The First World War caused an economic crisis in Liechtenstein (which originated, among other things, because the Entente allies stopped the "import of raw materials" into the country and the "massive speculation by the national bank"), so the Liechtenstein emigration to United States was retaken. Most of the new Liechtensteiner emigrants settled in urban areas, especially in Chicago and Hammond, Indiana, but there were Liechtensteiners throughout the country.

After the Second World War, a few more Liechtensteiners emigrated to the United States, the largest number arriving in 1948, when fifteen individuals or families came to this country. The reduction of the Liechtenstein emigration was due to improvements in economic conditions of Liechtenstein.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Luxembourgian Americans

Luxembourgish Americans  are Americans of Luxembourgish ancestry. According to the United States' 2000 Census, there were 45,139 Americans of full or partial Luxembourgish descent. In 1940 the number of Americans with Luxembourgish ancestry was around 100,000.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Cajuns

The Cajuns, also known as Acadians, are an ethnic group mainly living in the U.S. states of Louisiana and Texas, and in the Canadian maritimes providences consisting in part of the descendants of the original Acadian exiles-French-speakers from Acadia in what are now The Maritimes of Eastern Canada.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Uruguayan Americans

Uruguayan Americans (,  or ) are Americans of Uruguayan ancestry or birth. The American Community Survey of 2006 estimated the Uruguayan American population to number 50,538, a figure that notably increased a decade later.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Bolivian Americans

Bolivian Americans (,  or ) are Americans of at least partial Bolivian descent.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Costa Rican Americans

Costa Rican Americans () are Americans of at least partial Costa Rican descent.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Nancy Kress

Nancy Kress (born January 20, 1948) is an American science fiction writer. She began writing in 1976. She has achieved her greatest notice since her Hugo and Nebula Award winning novella Beggars in Spain. The book, in 1993, became a novel.

Kress later won the Nebula Award for Best Novella for another book: After the Fall, Before the Fall, During the Fall in 2013. She also won in 2015 for the book Yesterday's Kin.

Kress, in addition to her novels, has written a number of short stories. She is a regular columnist for Writer's Digest. 

Kress was born in Buffalo, New York.

References

1948 births
American science fiction writers
Award winning writers
Writers from Buffalo, New York
Living people
Ina Garten

Ina Rosenberg Garten (pronounced EYE-nuh; born February 2, 1948) is an American author and host of the Food Network show Barefoot Contessa. She was a staff member of the White House Office of Management and Budget. Garten has a number of best-selling cookbooks, magazine products and a popular Food Network television show.

Garten was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Works

Books 
 The Barefoot Contessa Cookbook (1999), Clarkson Potter,  
 Barefoot Contessa Parties! Ideas and Recipes For Easy Parties That Are Really Fun (2001)
 Barefoot Contessa Family Style: Easy Ideas and Recipes That Make Everyone Feel Like Family (2002)
 Barefoot in Paris: Easy French Food You Can Make at Home (2004)
 Barefoot Contessa at Home: Everyday Recipes You'll Make Over and Over Again (2006)
 Barefoot Contessa Back to Basics: Fabulous Flavor from Simple Ingredients Clarkson Potter. 2008. .
 Barefoot Contessa: How Easy Is That? Clarkson Potter. 2010. .
 
 
 Cooking for Jeffrey: A Barefoot Contessa Cookbook Clarkson Potter. 2016.

Magazine columns 
 "Entertaining is Fun!" (Martha Stewart Living 1999–present)
 "Entertaining." (O, The Oprah Magazine 2003–present)
 "Ask the Barefoot Contessa." (House Beautiful 2006–present)

Television 
 From Martha's Kitchen: Ina Garten's Kitchen Clambake (2000)
 Barefoot Contessa (2002–present)
 Chefography (2006-2010)
 30 Rock (2010-2011)

References

1948 births
American television personalities
Writers from Brooklyn
Living people
2020 Nashville bombing

On December 25, 2020, a recreational vehicle (RV) exploded in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States, injuring three people and damaging many buildings. 

Human remains were found at the site of the explosion. The explosion took place at 166 Second Avenue North between Church Street and Commerce Street at 6:30 am.

Many people heard gunshots, and loudspeakers on the vehicle telling people to evacuate before the explosion happened. 

The explosion was felt many miles away from the crime site. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is leading the investigation. 

Authorities said the next day that the attack was likely a suicide bombing. The FBI named a 63-year-old man as a person of interest in the investigation. The FBI searched his home in Nashville on December 26. However it was later confirmed that the perpetrator of the bombing, Anthony Quinn Warner, was killed in the explosion.

References

2020 crimes
2020 in the United States
2020s in Tennessee
Attacks on buildings and structures in the 2020s
Building bombings in the United States
December 2020 events
Explosions in 2020
2020 bombing
Suicide bombings in the 2020s
Suicide car and truck bombings
Suicide in 2020
Ned Wynn

Ned Wynn (April 27, 1941 – December 20, 2020) was an American actor and screenwriter. He was born in New York City. He played Alonzo in The Absent-Minded Professor (1961) and Son of Flubber (1963). He also played Luke in Stagecoach (1966).

Wynn was the son of actor Keenan Wynn and grandson of Ed Wynn.

Wynn died on December 20, 2020 in Sonoma County, California from Parkinson's disease-related problems, aged 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
William Magee (politician)

William D. "Bill" Magee (June 21, 1939 – December 24, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a  member of the New York State Assembly, who represented the 121st Assembly District from 1991 until 2018. He was born in Oneida, New York. He was also a businessman.

Magee died on December 24, 2020 in Nelson, New York at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from New York
Businesspeople from New York
Oneida, New York

Oneida () is a city in Madison County.

References

Cities in New York
Wampsville, New York

Wampsville is a village found inside the Town of Lenox in Madison County, New York. About 543 people lived here as of the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Madison County.

References

Villages in New York
County seats in New York
Lenox, New York

Lenox is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. 9,112 lived here as of the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Nelson, New York

Nelson is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. About 1,980 people lived here at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Amit Mitra

Amit Mitra (born 20 December 1947) is an Indian economist and politician. He is a member of the All India Trinamool Congress and the current Finance, Commerce & Industries Minister of the government of Indian state of West Bengal.

He is the current MLA in the West Bengal state assembly from the Khardaha state assembly constituency. He was awarded Padma Shri at 2007. He beat Asim Dasgupta, the ex-West Bengal Finance Minister.

He was the Secretary general of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

References

1947 births
Living people
Indian politicians
Indian businesspeople
Indian economists
People from Kolkata
Danny Hodge

Daniel Allen Hodge (May 13, 1932 – December 25, 2020) was an American wrestler and boxer. He was born and raised in Perry, Oklahoma. He was known for being able to crush apples with one hand. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Hodge died of Alzheimer's disease-related problems in Perry on December 25, 2020 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American Olympic silver medalists
American wrestlers
American boxers
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
Barry Lopez

Barry Holstun Lopez (January 6, 1945December 25, 2020) was an American writer. He won the National Book Award for Nonfiction for Arctic Dreams (1986) and his Of Wolves and Men (1978) was a National Book Award finalist.

Lopez died on December 25, 2020 from prostate cancer in Eugene, Oregon at the age of 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
American novelists
American essayists
Writers from New York
American environmentalists
Gregorio Salvador Caja

Gregorio Salvador Caja (11 July 1927 – 26 December 2020) was a Spanish linguist. Salvador Caja was born in Cúllar, Granada, Spain. His works were about structural semantics. He wrote for the Spanish newspaper ABC. Salvador Caja was elected to the Real Academia Española on 5 June 1986.

Salvador Caja died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Spanish writers
Linguists
French Sailing Federation

The French Sailing Federation (FFV) () is the governing body of sailing in France.

Other websites
Official site 
ISAF MNA Microsite 

1940s establishments in France
1946 establishments in Europe
Sports governing bodies in Europe
Mike Sutton (footballer)

Michael John Sutton (5 October 1944 – 26 December 2020) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Norwich, England. His playing career lasted from 1962 to 1984. He played for Norwich City, Chester City, Carlisle United and Great Yarmouth Town.

Sutton died of dementia-related problems on 26 December 2020 at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from dementia
English footballers
People from Norwich
Sportspeople from Norfolk
Sunil Kothari

Sunil Kothari (20 December 1933 – 27 December 2020) was an Indian dance historian, scholar and critic. He was a professor at Ravindra Bharti University in Kolkata. He started his career with The Times of India. He also taught at Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics. In 2001, he was honored with the Padma Shri.

Kothari died on 27 December 2020 from cardiac arrest in Kolkata, one week after his 87th birthday.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian historians
Indian educators
Critics
Indian journalists
Hector and the Search for Happiness (movie)

Hector and the Search for Happiness is a 2014 comedy-drama movie directed by Peter Chelsom. It was based on François Lelord's book. 

The movie stars Simon Pegg, Rosamund Pike, Toni Collette, Jean Reno, Stellan Skarsgård, Barry Atsma and Christopher Plummer with Togo Igawa.

The movie was released on 15 August 2014 to negative reviews and has a 37% on Rotten Tomatoes.

References

2014 comedy-drama movies
British comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
German comedy movies
German drama movies
Canadian comedy movies
Canadian drama movies
South African movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Peter Chelsom
Barry Atsma

Barry Atsma (born 29 December 1972) is an English-born Dutch actor. Atsma played Michael in the 2014 comedy-drama Hector and the Search for Happiness and Christie in the 2018 British television series The Split.

References

Other websites
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Dutch movie actors
Dutch television actors
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Dutch stage actors
Actors from London
Nicolas Hénard

Nicolas Hénard (born 16 September 1964 in Calais) is a French skipper. He is the current president of the French Sailing Federation.

1964 births
French Olympians
Sailors
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists
People from Hauts-de-France
Living people
Togo Igawa

, known professionally as , is a Japanese actor. He was born in Tokyo. Igawa is known for his roles in British movies. His career began in 1979. 

Igawa is known for his roles in Revolver, Memoirs of a Geisha and The Last Samurai. He also voiced Hiro in many Thomas & Friends movies.

References

1946 births
Living people
Japanese movie actors
Japanese television actors
Japanese voice actors
Japanese stage actors
Actors from Tokyo
One Blackfriars

One Blackfriars is a skyscraper in London located at No. 1 Blackfriars Road in Bankside. It has 52 floors and 274 apartments, a hotel and retail shops. The building is  tall. It is also known as The Vase or The Boomerang due to its shape.

Design 
The shape was inspired by the shape of glass vase Lansetti designed by Timo Sarpaneva in 1952.

Construction 
Construction of the tower started in 2013. It includes 13 studio houses, 78 one bedroom houses, 120 two bedroom houses, 56 three bedroom houses, 6 four bedroom houses and 1 three apartment house. The tower was finished in 2019.

References 

Skyscrapers in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in London
Peter Chelsom

Peter Chelsom (born 20 April 1956) is a British movie director, screenwriter, and actor. He has directed the movies Hector and the Search for Happiness, Serendipity, and Shall We Dance?

References

1956 births
Living people
British movie directors
British screenwriters
British movie actors
Actors from Lancashire
Writers from Lancashire
People from Blackpool
Carlos Eduardo Cadoca

Carlos Eduardo Cintra da Costa Pereira (April 23, 1940 – December 13, 2020), better known as Carlos Eduardo Cadoca or simply Cadoca, was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in Recife, Pernambuco. 

Cadoca was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement, Social Christian Party and the Communist Party.

Cadoca was a member of the Recife city council from 1983 to 1995. He later was a member of the Pernambuco Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 1999. From 1999 to 2019, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies.

On December 13, 2020, Cadoca died in Recife from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Brazilian lawyers
Brazilian politicians
Aaron Ehasz

Aaron Gabriel Ehasz (born June 16, 1973) is an American television writer and producer. He is known for being the co-executive producer of Avatar: The Last Airbender and the co-creator of the Netflix series The Dragon Prince.

In November 2019, Ehasz was accused of sexism while working for Netflix.

References

1973 births
Living people
American television producers
American television writers
Writers from Maryland
Businesspeople from Maryland
Cooper pair

A Cooper pair is a pair of free electrons within a solid that act together as one quasiparticle and in large numbers  give rise to superconductivity.

Physicists explain superconductivity by describing what happens when temperatures get cold. The thermal energy in a solid or liquid shakes the atoms so they randomly vibrate, but this gets less as the temperature drops. Electrons carry the same negative electric charge which makes them repel each other. At higher temperatures each unbound electron behaves as if it were a free particle. There is also however a very weak attraction between electrons when they are in any solid or liquid. This is due to the way bound electrons distort the spacing of the atomic structure they find themselves in. At relatively rather large distances (many hundreds of nanometers apart) and low temperatures (near absolute zero), the attractive effect and lack of thermal energy allows pairs of electrons to hang together. This is called a cooper pair and it is a quasiparticle, that is it acts as if it were a new kind of particle in its own right even though it is made up of two fundamental electrons. 

Many overlapping cooper pairs can exist in the same nanometer sized space. Since paired electrons constitute a boson the motions of all of the cooper pairs within a single superconductor synchronise and they function as if they are a single entity. This is known as the Bose–Einstein condensation. The Cooper pairs  form this condensate, which is superfluid or super-conducting.  Small disturbances such as scattering of electrons are forbidden in this state  as long as the temperature remains low.  It moves as one showing no resistance to its motion. It is hence now a superconductor.

Physics
Operculum

In fish, an operculum is a structure made of bone that covers and protects the gills.

Animal anatomy
Fish
Mohamed El Ouafa

Mohamed El Ouafa ( - 1948 – 27 December 2020) was a Moroccan politician. He was a member of Istiqlal Party. He was Minister of Education in  Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet from 2012 to 2013. Between 2000 and 2012 he was Ambassador to India, Iran and Brazil.

Ouafa died of COVID-19 on 27 December 2020 in Rabat, Morocco at the age of 72.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco
Moroccan politicians
Ambassadors
Chandrakant Chiplunkar Seedi Bamba Wala

Chandrakant Chiplunkar Seedi Bambawala is a Hindi comedy television series that aired on SAB TV. The show was premiered on August 18th, 2014, and ended on November 12th, 2014. The show revolved around a fire brigade employee of Marathi origin who belonged to a middle-class family.

The show hit the small screen every week from Monday to Friday at 10 p.m. The TV series showcased the funny incidents in which the firefighter gets involved and which then results in a comedy of errors. Every time he gets trapped into hilarious events, his cosmopolitan friends or family members or his neighbors assist him.

The serial explores the life of the Chiplunkar family and their interesting mix of neighbours who always come together to help each other. The lead protagonist is being played by Prashant Damle, as Chandrakant Chiplunkar, a fire brigade employee. Kavita Lad and Anang Desai played supportive cast in the serial.

2014 Indian television series debuts
2014 Indian television series endings
Yuichiro Hata

was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party of Japan. He was a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet from 1999 until his death. Hata was born in Tokyo.

He was the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism from June 4, 2012 until December 26, 2012 during the Yoshihiko Noda cabinet. Hata was the son of Prime Minister Tsutomu Hata. 

Hata died in Tokyo on December 27, 2020 after being hospitalized with a fever, aged 53. He was about to be tested for COVID-19 at the time of his death.

References

1967 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Tokyo
Sergio Pintor

Sergio Pintor (16 November 1937 – 27 December 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was an Diocesan Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ozieri from 2006 to 2012. Pintor was born in Oristano, Italy. In 1961, he became a priest.

Pintor died on 27 December 2020 in Ozieri, Italy at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Italian Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic bishops
Roman Catholic priests
Carmen Calvo

María del Carmen Calvo Poyato (born 9 June 1957) is a Spanish politician and author. She became the Deputy Prime Minister of Spain in June 2018 and Minister of the Presidency, Relations with the Cortes and Equality in January 2020. Calvo is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party. 

Calvo was born in Cabra, Spain. She studied at University of Seville and the University of Córdoba.

From 2004 until 2011, she was a member of the Congress of Deputies. In 2019, she was re-elected to the congress.

On 25 March 2020, Calvo tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. She made a recovery from the illness in May 2020.

References

1957 births
Living people
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Spanish writers
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( ; PSOE ) is a social-democratic political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in government for a longer time than any other political party in modern democratic Spain.

The party was in charge of the Spanish government from 1982 to 1996 under Felipe González; from 2004 to 2011 under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero; and currently since 2018 under Pedro Sánchez.

The PSOE was founded in 1879, making it the oldest party currently active in Spain. When it was founded, it was a Marxist party, however they stopped supporting Marxism in 1979.

References

19th-century establishments in Spain
1879 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Spain
Cabra, Spain

Cabra is a town in Córdoba province, Andalusia, Spain. About 20,940 lived here in 2005.

References

Towns in Spain
Municipalities in Andalusia
Alfonso Guerra

Alfonso Guerra González (born 31 May 1940) is a Spanish politician. From 1982 to 1991, he was Deputy Prime Minister of Spain.

References

1940 births
Living people
People from Seville
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Rodolfo Martín Villa

Rodolfo Martín Villa (born 3 October 1934) is a Spanish engineer and politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Spain from 1981 to 1982.

He is being investigated in Argentina for murder and crimes against humanity during the 1976 Vitoria massacre.

References

1934 births
Living people
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Leader of the Opposition (Spain)

The Leader of the Opposition () is an unofficial honorary title held by the leader of the largest party in the Congress of Deputies—the lower house of the Spanish parliament.

List of opposition leaders

Notes
Miguel Herrero y Rodríguez de Miñón

Miguel Herrero y Rodríguez de Miñón (born 18 June 1940) is a Spanish jurist and politician. He is a member of the Union of the Democratic Centre until 1982, then of People's Alliance and the People's Party. 

He is one of the "Fathers of the Constitution", the seven politicians who were part of the draft of the Spanish constitution in 1978.

References

1940 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
People from Madrid
Joaquín Almunia

Joaquín Almunia Amann (born 17 June 1948) is a Spanish politician. He was President of the European Commissioner for Competition (2009–2014). 

From 1997 to 2000, he was the leader of the opposition as secretary general of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.

References

1948 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
European Union politicians
People from Bilbao
Antonio Hernández Mancha

Antonio Hernández Mancha (born 1 April 1951) is a Spanish politician, lawyer and businessman. He was president of the People's Alliance political party and Spain's Leader of the Opposition from 1987 to 1989.

References

Other websites
 Article published by Hernández Mancha in El País
 El PP ya tiene muertos en el armario: el ‘fantasma’ de Antonio Hernández Mancha (article published in El Confidencial) 

1951 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
Spanish businesspeople
Spanish lawyers
People's Party (Spain)

The People's Party ( ; known mostly by its acronym, PP ) is a conservative and Christian-democratic political party in Spain.

The People's Party was founded in 1989 from the People's Alliance (AP). This party was created as a more centre-right party instead of a far-right party.

References

1980s establishments in Spain
1989 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Spain
Conservative parties
Next Spanish general election

The next Spanish general election will be held no later than Sunday 10 December 2023, to elect the 15th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies will be up for election, as well as 208 of 265 seats in the Senate.

Polling

References

21st century in Spain
21st-century elections
General elections
Elections in Spain
Happiness pump

A happiness pump is an idea in philosophy.  A happiness pump is someone who will do anything to make other people happy even if it makes them very unhappy themselves.  They have turned themselves into a machine (a "pump") that makes happiness.

The happiness pump is a way of showing problems in utilitarianism.  Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy.  It is a way of deciding which actions are good and which are bad.  In utilitarianism, actions that make more happiness or stop pain are good.  Actions that stop happiness or make pain are bad.  In utilitarianism, it does not matter who is becoming happier or feeling less pain.  That means that, in utilitarianism, helping strangers is good.  The happiness pump is a person who has taken utilitarianism too far and will give themselves lots of pain so long as they believe it makes other people somewhere in the world much happier.

The happiness pump is only an idea.  Philosopher Joshua David Greene says it is almost impossible to be a happiness pump for real.  People who even tried would give up.

In popular culture

A happiness pump character is on one episode of the television show The Good Place.

Other pages
Thought experiment

References

Philosophy
Inés Arrimadas

Inés Arrimadas García (; born 3 July 1981) is a Spanish lawyer and politician. She has been a member of the Congress of Deputies since 2019 and Spokesperson of Citizens party in the Congress. In 2020, she was elected party leader.

References
 

1981 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
April 2019 Spanish general election

The April 2019 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 28 April 2019, to elect the 13th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 266 seats in the Senate.

With a turnout of 71.8%, the controlling party PSOE of Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez won a victory—the first for the party in a nationwide election in eleven years—with 28.7% of the vote and 123 seats. In the Senate, the PSOE became the largest party in the chamber for the first time since 1995, winning its first majority of seats in that chamber since the 1989 election. 

However, no party won an outright majority and the top three winners of this race had the option for a coalition government. To prevent this, Prime Minister Sánchez ordered a new election to be held seven months later.

Notelist

References

April 2019 events
2010s in Spain
2019 elections in Europe
General elections
Elections in Spain
November 2019 Spanish general election

The November 2019 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 10 November 2019, to elect the 14th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 265 seats in the Senate.

Voter turnout was the lowest since 1975. The opposition party People's Party (PP) won a few seats while the far-right Vox party won many seats, taking away from the Citizens (Cs). 

However, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party won the majority of the seats and popular vote and formed a coalition government with the Unidas Podemos party.

Notes

References

November 2019 events
2010s in Spain
2019 elections in Europe
General elections
Elections in Spain
Oriol Junqueras

Oriol Junqueras i Vies (; born 11 April 1969) is a Spanish politician, historian and academic.

He was mayor of Sant Vicenç dels Horts. He was Vice President of Catalonia from January 2016 to October 2017. He is president of the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC).

References

1969 births
Living people
Spanish historians
Politicians from Barcelona
MEPs for Spain
Academics
Former MEPs
President of the Government of Catalonia

The president of the Government of Catalonia (, ) is one of the main parts of government that make up the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia. The president also is head of government of Catalonia.

The current acting president is Pere Aragonès following Quim Torra's disqualification as president in 28 September 2020.

Presidents (since 1977)

References
Josep Tarradellas

Josep Tarradellas i Joan (), 1st Marquess of Tarradellas (1899 in Cervelló, Baix Llobregat – 1988 in Barcelona) was a Spanish politician. He was President of Catalonia from 1954 to 1980.

References

1899 births
1988 deaths
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
José Montilla

José Montilla Aguilera (born 15 January 1955 in Iznájar, Córdoba, Spain) is a Spanish politician who is currently a member of the Spanish Senate.  He was the 128th President of Generalitat de Catalunya.

References

1955 births
Living people
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
Artur Mas

Artur Mas i Gavarró (; born 31 January 1956) is a Spanish politician. He was president of the Government of Catalonia from 2010 to 2015 and acting president from September 2015 to 12 January 2016.

References

1956 births
Living people
Politicians from Barcelona
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
Hugo Clément

Hugo Clément (born 7 October 1989 in Strasbourg) is a French journalist.

1989 births
Living people
French journalists
Southeast Region, Brazil

Southeast Brazil (Portuguese: Sudeste Do Brasil) is one of five official regions in Brazil.  It borders South Brazil, Center-West Brazil, and Northeast Brazil.  It makes 60% of Brazil's gross domestic product.  Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro,  Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo  are all in Southeast Brazil.

References

Regions of Brazil
Tom and Jerry: The Movie

Tom and Jerry: The Movie is an 1993 German-American animated comedy-adventure musical family movie directed by Phil Roman produced by Film Roman and Turner Entertainment, distributed by Miramax Films, released in Germany by October 1, 1992 and United States on July 30, 1993. as the first film's installment of the Tom and Jerry Movie trilogy, with few direct-to-video sequels then.

Voice cast 
 Richard Kind as Tom Cat
 Dana Hill as Jerry Mouse
 Anndi McAfee as Robyn Starling
 Ed Gilbert as Puggsy
 David Lander as Frankie Da Flea
 Charlotte Rae as Aunt Pristine Figg 
 Tony Jay as Lickboot
 Rip Taylor as Captain Kiddie
 Howard Morris as Squawk
 Henry Gibson as Dr. Applecheek
 Michael Bell as Ferdinand, Straycatcher 1/Larry
 Sydney Lassick as Straycatcher 2/Sid
 Don Messick as Droopy
Additional voices include Raymond McLeod as Bulldog, Alley Cat 1, Scott Wohjahn as Alley Cat 3, Mitchell D. Moore as Alley Cat 2, Greg Burson, BJ Ward, Tino Insana.

1993 comedy movies
1990s adventure movies
German movies
English-language movies
1993 movies
American animated movies
Movies based on TV series
Movies set in the 1990s
Miramax movies
1990s comedy movies
Tom and Jerry
Tom and Jerry movies
Beyond the Forest

Beyond the Forest is a 1949 American crime drama movie directed by King Vidor and was based on the novel of the same name by Stuart Engstrand. It stars Bette Davis, Joseph Cotten, David Brian, Ruth Roman, Minor Watson, Regis Toomey and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1950.

Other websites
 
 
 

1949 crime movies
1949 drama movies
1940s crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by King Vidor
Warner Bros. movies
Ólafur Darri Ólafsson

Ólafur Darri Ólafsson (born 13 March 1973) is an Icelandic actor, producer and screenwriter. He is known for roles in movies such as Children (2006), The Deep (2012), The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (2013) and The Vanishing (2018). His television work includes shows such as Trapped and Lady Dynamite.

Ólafur was born in Connecticut, United States, the son of Icelandic parents. He holds dual citizenship of Iceland and the United States. He has two children with dancer Lovísa Ósk Gunnarsdóttir.

References

Other websites

Living people
1973 births
Actors from Connecticut
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
American screenwriters
Icelandic people
Writers from Connecticut