cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Sea Shepherd Conservation Society

The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS) is an American organization that works to protect marine life. It was founded in 1977 by activist Paul Watson, a former member of  Greenpeace. One of the things they heavily campaign against is whaling.

Gallery

Other websites 
 Sea Shepherd Conservation Society website

Environmental organizations
LGBT rights in Canada

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Canada are some of the most advanced in the world. During the British North America era, same-sex relationships were illegal. They were punishable with capital punishment. Homosexual activity became legal in 1969. Same-sex marriage became legal in 2005.

Legal summary

References 

Canada
Politics of Canada
Swinging (sexual practice)

Swinging is a human sexuality based on multi-partner relations. In contrast with an affair, both partners are consenting to sexual exchange of one and the other. It was this exchange that creates a certain eroticism and even sexual arousal.

Human sexuality
Neufchâtel-en-Bray

Neufchâtel-en-Bray is a commune of Seine-Maritime. It's famous as cheese production: the Neufchâtel.

Communes in Seine-Maritime
Iris nebula

The Iris nebula is a reflection nebula in the constellation of Cepheus. It is about 1,300 light-years away from Earth.

Nebulae
Caldwell catalogue

The Caldwell catalogue is an astronomical catalogue of 109 objects. It includes star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies for observation by amateur astronomers. The list was compiled by English astronomer Patrick Moore as a complement to the Messier catalogue.

The Messier catalogue is used by amateur astronomers as a list of deep-sky objects for observation. However, it was not compiled for that purpose. It does  not include many of the sky's brightest deep-sky objects, such as the Hyades, the Double Cluster (NGC 869 and NGC 884), and the Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253). The Messier catalogue was compiled as a list of known objects that might be confused with comets. As Messier got his list from observations in Paris, it did not include bright deep-sky objects visible in the Southern Hemisphere, such as Omega Centauri, Centaurus A, the Jewel Box, and 47 Tucanae. 

So Moore compiled a list of 109 objects – to match the accepted number of Messier objects. The list was published in Sky & Telescope in December 1995.

References 

Astronomical catalogues
Sunflower galaxy

The Sunflower galaxy (Messier 63 or NGC 5055) is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Canes Venatici. It is about 37 million light-years away from Earth.

Spiral galaxies
NGC 6334

NGC 6334 is an emission nebula and star-forming region in the constellation of Scorpius. It is about 5,500 light-years away from Earth.

Nebulae
NGC 1291

NGC 1291 is a ring galaxy in the constellation of Eridanus. It is about 33 million light-years away.

Ring galaxies
Ring galaxy

A ring galaxy is a kind of galaxy that has a ring shape. Hoag's Object and NGC 1291 are two examples. The ring is made up of many massive, young blue stars, which are extremely bright. The middle of the galaxy contains far less luminous matter. 

Some astronomers believe that ring galaxies are formed when a smaller galaxy passes through the center of a larger galaxy. Because galaxies are mostly made up of empty space, a collision rarely happens between stars. However, the gravitational disruptions could cause a wave of star formation to move through the larger galaxy. Other astronomers think that rings are formed around some galaxies when an accretion disc is formed. Star formation would then result from the shocks and compressions in the newly formed disc.

References
United States district court

The United States district courts are the trial courts of the federal court system.

How they work
United States district courts hold trials, like state courts do.  However, the Constitution only gives federal courts the power to hear certain kinds of cases.  For example, federal courts can hear cases about:
 Whether a law is constitutional
 Disagreements between two or more states
 Crimes that happen at sea
 Bankruptcy
 United States Ambassadors' treaties

Each trial is heard by a judge and decided by a jury.

Organization
There are 94 U.S. district courts in the United States.  Every district court also includes a bankruptcy court.

Each state (and Washington, D.C.) has at least one district court.  So do four U.S. territories: Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

Appeals

The next-most powerful federal courts are the United States Courts of Appeals.  They are also called "appellate courts."  There are 13 Courts of Appeals.  The 94 district courts are organized into 12 larger areas, called "circuits."  Each Court of Appeals deals with appeals filed in their circuit.

For example, the Districts of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, and Puerto Rico are grouped together into the "First Circuit."  If, for example, somebody wanted to appeal a decision made by the District Court of Massachusetts, they would write an appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.

The last choice for appealing a court decision is to file an appeal asking the United States Supreme Court to hear the case.

Locations of District Courts

Here is a map that shows which circuit each United States District Court is in.  States that are the same color are in the same circuit.  Each circuit has a number on it  for example, Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi are in the 5th Circuit.

The dotted lines on the map also show the areas which the District Courts cover.  On the map, some states have no dotted lines in them.  This means there is only one District Court in that state.  For example, Alaska has only one District Court: the District Court of Alaska.  This court covers the entire state of Alaska.

Other states are divided into more than one district.  The dotted lines on the map show where one district ends and another begins.  For example, on the map, Washington is divided down the middle by a dotted line.  Washington has two District Courts: the District Court for the Western District of Washington, and the District Court for the Eastern District of Washington.

List of District Courts

Here is a list of information about all of the United States District Courts.  Just like with the map, districts that are in the same circuit are the same color.  The colors are the same as the map (for example, districts in the 8th Circuit are orange on the map and on the list).  To sort this table, click on the little triangle on the top row of the table, in the column you want to sort by.

Related pages
 Federal judiciary of the United States (the whole federal court system)
 United States courts of appeals

References

Federal judiciary of the United States
Swazi language

Swati (also known as Swazi) ( SiSwati) is part of the Nguni group of Bantu languages. It is spoken by about 1.5 million people in Eswatini and South Africa. It is one of the eleven official languages in South Africa. It is taught in the schools of Eswatini, and in some South African schools. Swati is closely related to Phuthi, a language spoken in Lesotho, and to Zulu, Ndebele and Xhosa.

Swati has four main varietes: Shiselweni, Hhohho, Manzini and Shiselweni. They correspond with the four administrative regions of Eswatini.

References

Bantu languages
Languages of South Africa
Ryan Drummond

Ryan Drummond (born January 10, 1973) is an American actor, voice actor, mime and comedian. He is best known for voicing Sonic the Hedgehog in several installments of the Sonic the Hedgehog series from 1998 to 2004. He is also known for being the bass vocalist in the A.Y.U. Quartet since 1991. He has been starring in a musical comedy in San Diego called "Forever Plaid".

Personal life
Drummond married his wife, Lisa Drummond, on October 8, 2002. They live in San Francisco, California. He and his wife, Lisa Drummond, are divorced in 2019.

Filmography

Film

Television
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- 
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
|-
| 1997 || Baywatch || DJ Johnny Jam || Episode: "Baywatch at Sea World"
|-
| 1998 || Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place || Isaac Glickstein || Episode: "Two Guys, a Girl and an Elective"
|-
| 2001 || The Chronicle || Andy || Episode: "What Gobbles Beneath"
|-
| 2001 || The Invisible Man || Mime, Man || 2 Episodes: "Money for Nothing: Part 2", "Immaterial Girl"
|-
| 2003-06 || Sonic X || Sonic the Hedgehog/Super Sonic/Dark Sonic || Originally
|-
| 2004 || Veronica Mars || Associate || Episode: "You Think You Know Somebody"
|-
| 2005 || Point Pleasant || Booth Vendor || Episode: "Hell Hath No Fury Like a Woman Choked"
|-
| 2009 || Trauma || Fair Patron || Episode: "All's Fair"
|-
| 2011 || Dual Suspects || Robert Evans || Episode: "Fast Food Fatality"
|}

Video game roles

Albums
 S.C.R.A.M., 1994 studio album by the A.Y.U. Quartet - Harmony & Lead Vocals
 Atomic Young Ultrasonics, 1996 studio album by The A.Y.U. Quartet - Harmony & Lead Vocals
 Acappella Yuletide Uproar'', 2010 studio album by The A.Y.U. Quartet - Harmony & Lead Vocals

References

American voice actors
1973 births
Living people
People from Lima, Ohio
Actors from Ohio
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit is one of the 13 appeals courts in the United States's federal court system.  In case citations, the Court's name is abbreviated "5th Cir."

The 5th Circuit
The Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit is the appeals court that has jurisdiction, or legal power, to review cases decided by less powerful courts in the 5th Circuit.  These less powerful courts are called United States district courts.  They are federal trial courts.  If someone wants to appeal a decision that one of these courts made, they would have to appeal to the Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit.

These are the United States District Courts that are located in the 5th Circuit:

 Eastern District of Louisiana
 Middle District of Louisiana
 Western District of Louisiana
 Northern District of Mississippi
 Southern District of Mississippi
 Eastern District of Texas
 Northern District of Texas
 Southern District of Texas
 Western District of Texas

The Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit handles appeals from every one of these District Courts.

The Court
The Court has 17 judges.  The main court building is located in the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana.  The court clerk's office is at the Felix Edward Hébert Federal Building in New Orleans.

The Court met for the first time on June 16, 1891, in the Customs House in New Orleans.

Famous decisions 
The Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit decided a landmark case called Gates v. Collier, which stopped the severe physical abuse of prisoners by "trustys" at Mississippi State Penitentiary (then called Parchman).

Related pages
 Federal judiciary of the United States (the entire federal court system)
 United States Supreme Court
 United States courts of appeals
 United States district courts
 Gates v. Collier

References

Courts (law)
United States courts of appeals
1891 establishments in the United States
Steven Sample

Steven Browning Sample (November 29, 1940 – March 29, 2016) was the 10th president of the University of Southern California (USC). He became president in 1991 and was succeeded by C.L. Max Nikias on August 3, 2010.

Before he was president at USC, he held the same position at the University at Buffalo (UB) in the State University of New York (SUNY) system from 1982 to 1991.  He was succeeded by William R. Greiner.

Personal life and death 
In 2001, Sample was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, but said he still felt able to serve as president of USC.  On March 29, 2016, Sample died at the age of 75.  He had lived in San Marino, California.

References

Other websites
 Steven B. Sample University at Buffalo presidential biography 
 University of Southern California, President website
 

1940 births
2016 deaths
Engineers from Missouri
Scientists from St. Louis, Missouri
Action Comics

Action Comics is an current comic book series. Superman first appeared in it. It is one of the longest comic series in America. It started in 1938.

Comic books
1938 establishments
Ricardo Goulart

Ricardo Goulart Pereira or simply Ricardo Goulart (; born 5 June 1991), is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao in the Chinese Super League as an attacking midfielder.

1991 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Selkirk Transit

Selkirk Transit is a public transit system based in Selkirk, Manitoba. The operators are Selkirk and District handi bus.

Fleet 
Grande west Vicinity+1   

New Flyer XE40 {Part of the rapid transit commuter line owned by Winnipeg}

Retired 
CHEVY/ARBOC? 

Vicinity B30A

History 
In 2011, Selkirk Transit started with a cutaway bus.

In 2016, they have a big 30-foot bus.

In 2020 they will get an XE40 from New flyer as part of the Rapid transit commuter line owned by Winnipeg

References 
http://mysta.ca/

 

Manitoba
Transport in Canada
Selkirk, Manitoba

Selkirk is a Town   in Manitoba. It is west of Winnipeg. It was named after the 5th Earl of selkirk. It was incorporated as a Town in 1882 and as a CITY    in 1998 and as a Town again in 2018

At the 2016 census, Selkirk's population was 10,278.

Transportation 
The Town of Selkirk has 2 taxi services: Wills Taxi and First Rate Taxi.

It also has Selkirk Transit and Selkirk Mobility.

Ecomony 
Selkirk has many businesses. These include McDonald's, Dairy Queen, and A&W. It also has Sterling Press and International Pipe.

Sports 
Andrew Murray lives in Selkirk.

Selkirk is home to The MJHL Selkirk Steelers and the KJHL Selkirk Fishermen.

Demographics

References

Cities in Manitoba
Dan Green

James Hadley "Jay" Snyder (born February 7, 1975) also known by his stage name as Dan Green, is an American voice actor, voice director and script adapter who is known for his work with 4Kids Entertainment, DuArt Film and Video, NYAV Post and Central Park Media. He is best known for his voice work as Yugi Mutou in the Yu–Gi–Oh! franchise and as Knuckles the Echidna in Sonic X and in the Sonic the Hedgehog video game franchise from 2005 to 2010.

Personal life
He married his wife Michal Lura Friedman, a singer and fellow voice actress in 2008. they were married for four years until her death in 2011, from complications during childbirth. They have two children, Jackson James Snyder and Reverie Vivian Snyder.

References

1975 births
Living people
Actors from Marin County, California
American voice actors
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit is one of the 13 appeals courts in the United States's federal court system.  In case citations, the Court's name is abbreviated "1st Cir."

The 1st Circuit
The Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit is the appeals court that has jurisdiction, or legal power, to review cases decided by less powerful courts in the 1st Circuit.  These less powerful courts are called United States district courts.  They are federal trial courts.  If someone wants to appeal a decision that one of these courts made, they would have to appeal to the Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit.

These are the United States District Courts that are in the 1st Circuit:
  District of Maine
  District of Massachusetts
  District of New Hampshire
  District of Puerto Rico
  District of Rhode Island

About the Court

The Court is based at the John Joseph Moakley Federal Courthouse in Boston, Massachusetts.

The First Circuit is the smallest of the thirteen United States courts of appeals.  As of 2016, the Court has six full-time judges and six judges on senior status.  Senior status is like being partly retired.  Three of the Senior Judges do not hear any cases.  The others may hear cases if they choose to.

Since he retired from the United States Supreme Court, Justice David Souter regularly sits on the First Circuit "by designation."  This means he is a visiting judge who comes to hear cases at the First Circuit, to add his knowledge and experience.

Schedule
The Court usually "sits" (meets at the Courthouse and hears cases) for one week a month, eleven months per year.  Court sittings are held in the mornings, usually between 9:30 AM and 1:00 PM (EST).  For one month out of the year  either July or August  the Court takes a summer break and does not meet.

This is the Court's normal schedule:
 In every month except September and the Court's summer break month: The Court sits for one week each month, starting on the first Monday of the month
 In both March and November: The Court sits for an extra week at the Jose V. Toledo Federal Building and United States Courthouse in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico
 In September: The Court starts on the Wednesday after Labor Day, sits for the three days in that week, and sits for all five days the next week

History

On March 3, 1891, the United States Congress created the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.  Congress approved two judgeships for the Court (it allowed two judges to sit on the Court).

On January 28, 1915, Congress passed a law that added the District of Puerto Rico to the First Circuit.  The law said that the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit would hear appeals from Puerto Rico's district court.

Over time, Congress approved more full-time judgeships for the Court:

Related pages
 Federal judiciary of the United States (the entire federal court system)
 United States Supreme Court
 United States courts of appeals
 United States district courts

References

United States courts of appeals
1891 establishments in the United States
Zomi Baptist Church

The Zomi Baptist Church is a christian believer church. In India the  Zomi Baptist Church (ZBC) was established in 1982. 

The ZBC headquarters is at Champhai, India. In  Myanmar the ZBC is known as ZBCM (Zomi Baptist Church in Myanmar). Nowadays the ZBC is also present in the United States (Tulsa) and other countries in the world.

References

Baptist churches
Myanmar
Religion in India
Christianity in the United States
1982 establishments in Asia
1980s establishments in India
Browder v. Gayle

Browder v. Gayle, 142 F. Supp. 707 (1956), was a case heard before a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama on Montgomery and Alabama state bus segregation laws. The District Court ruled 2-1, with one dissenting, on June 5, 1956 that bus segregation was unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment protections for equal treatment.

The state and city appealed, and the decision was upheld by the United States Supreme Court on November 13, 1956.  A motion for clarification and for rehearing was denied on December 17, 1956.

Background
About two months after the Montgomery Bus Boycott began, civil rights activists reconsidered the case of Claudette Colvin. She was a 15-year-old girl who had been the first person arrested in 1955 for refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery, Alabama bus. Black leaders had been looking for a test case to test the constitutionality of the segregation laws of the state of Alabama and the city of Montgomery. One of the attorneys, Clifford Durr, was concerned that an appeal of Mrs. Rosa Parks' case would get tied up in the Alabama state courts. They needed a way to get directly to the federal courts. Colvin and several others who were discriminated against on Montgomery busses, agreed to become plaintiffs in a federal civil action lawsuit, thus bypassing the Alabama court system. The bus company said segregation was valid on "privately owned busses" which operated according to the laws of the city and state.

Ruling
On February 1, 1956, the case of Browder v. Gayle was filed in U.S. District Court. Browder was a Montgomery housewife; W. A. Gayle was the mayor of Montgomery.

On June 13, 1956, the District Court ruled that "the enforced segregation of black and white passengers on motor buses operating in the City of Montgomery violates the Constitution and laws of the United States," because the conditions deprived people of equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. The court further enjoined the state of Alabama and city of Montgomery from continuing to operate segregated buses.

The case was not completed until it was heard later that year by the US Supreme Court, as the state and city appealed the decision. On November 13, 1956, the Supreme Court upheld the District Court's ruling and ordered the state of Alabama (and Montgomery) to desegregate its buses. One month later on December 20, after Mayor Gayle was handed official written notice by federal marshals, the Montgomery buses were desegregated.

Notes

References 

1956 in the United States
United States law
United States Supreme Court cases
1950s in law
Grace Poe

Grace Poe (born September 3, 1968) is the adopted daughter of Filipino actors Susan Roces and Fernando Poe, Jr. She served as chairperson of the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) from 2010 to 2012 and in the Philippine Senate since 2013.

References

Other websites 

 Official website

1968 births
Living people
Adoptees
Filipino politicians
Miriam Defensor Santiago

Miriam Defensor Santiago (June 15, 1945 – September 29, 2016) is a Filipino politician, known for having served in all three branches of the Philippines government – judicial, executive, and legislative. Defensor Santiago was named one of The 100 Most Powerful Women in the World in 1997 by The Australian.

References 

1945 births
2016 deaths

Filipino politicians
Leni Robredo

Leni Robredo (born April 23, 1965) is a Filipina lawyer and politician. She is the 14th and current Vice President of the Philippines since June 30, 2016. She is serving under Rodrigo Duterte.

Robredo is the widow of the Philippines Interior Secretary Jesse Robredo. She served as Member of the House of Representatives from Camarines Sur's Third District. She is a member of the Liberal Party. 

In October 2021, Robredo announced her candidacy for president of the Philippines in the 2022 election.

Sources

1965 births
Vice Presidents of the Philippines
Living people
Filipino lawyers
Women lawyers
Risa Hontiveros

Risa Hontiveros (born February 24, 1966) is a Filipino socialist activist and journalist, who was the representative of Akbayan in the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2004 to 2010. She is the older sister of journalists and television hosts Gringgay and Pia Hontiveros.

Sources

1966 births
Filipino politicians
Living people
People from Manila
Leila de Lima

Leila de Lima (born August 27, 1959) is a Filipino lawyer. She was appointed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as Chairperson of the Commission on Human Rights on May 2008 and served until June 30, 2010 when she resigned and appointed by President Benigno Aquino III as Secretary of the Philippine Department of Justice. She resigned October 12, 2015 to focus on her candidacy for the Senate in the 2016 election.

Sources

1959 births
Living people
Filipino politicians
Filipino lawyers
Women lawyers
Adrienne Corri

Adrienne Corri (13 November 1930 – 13 March 2016) was a British actress. She was known for her role as Mrs. Alexander in Stanley Kubrick's A Clockwork Orange.

Corri died at her home in London on 13 March 2016 from coronary artery disease at the age of 84.

References

Other websites

Adrienne Corri  at HorrorStars

1930 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from coronary artery disease
Cardiovascular disease deaths in London
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
Actors from Glasgow
Shozo Awazu

Shozo Awazu (18 April 1923 – 17 March 2016) was a Japanese master of judo. He won the rank of Kōdōkan 9th Dan. He led the development of judo in France. He was born in Kyoto, Japan. Awazu was considered to be one of the top experts in ne waza (grappling techniques), kata and tandoku-renshu.

Awazu died in Paris, France on 17 March 2016 at the age of 92.

References

1923 births
2016 deaths
Judoka
Sportspeople from Kyoto Prefecture
Miguel Hernández Agosto

Miguel Hernández Agosto (April 5, 1927 – March 18, 2016) was a Puerto Rican politician. He worked with the Popular Democratic Party (PPD). He started his political career as a Cabinet member, but eventually became a Senator at-large. Hernández Agosto served as President of the Senate of Puerto Rico for 12 years (1981-1993).

Agosto died in San Juan, Puerto Rico on March 18, 2016 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
 Official Biography  from the Senate of Puerto Rico

1927 births
2016 deaths
Puerto Rican people
Politicians
Richard Bradford (actor)

Richard Bradford (October 31, 1934 – March 22, 2016) was an American actor. He was known for his lead role as former CIA agent turned private eye McGill in the British TV adventure series Man in a Suitcase, made by ITC in 1967. He was born in Tyler, Texas.

Bradford died on March 22, 2016 at the age of 81.

References

Other websites

Richard Bradford (as Dick Bradford) at the Internet Broadway Database

1934 births
2016 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Texas
Maggie Blye

Maggie Blye (October 24, 1942 – March 24, 2016) was an American actress. She was born in Houston, Texas. She was in the 1967 Paul Newman movie Hombre and the 1969 version of The Italian Job. Her later television roles included The Rockford Files, Hart to Hart and Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman.

Blye died on March 24, 2016 from cancer at her home in West Hollywood, California, aged 73.

Other websites

 Obituary -Variety

1942 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Houston, Texas
American movie actors
American television actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Roger Cicero

Roger Marcel Cicero Ciceu (6 July 1970 – 24 March 2016) was a German jazz and pop musician. He was born in Berlin, Germany. Cicero represented Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 in Helsinki his song Frauen regier'n die Welt (Women rule the world). He finished 19th. Cicero made his movie debut in Hilde (2009) as musician Ricci Blum.

Cicero died of a stroke in Hamburg, Germany on 24 March 2016, aged 45.

References

1970 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Berlin
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Germany
Deaths from stroke
German singers
German movie actors
Esther Herlitz

Esther Herlitz (, 9 October 1921 – 24 March 2016) was an Israeli diplomat and politician. She served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment between 1973 and 1977 and again from 1979 until 1981. She was also Israel's first female ambassador, having been appointed as the country's ambassador to Denmark in 1966.

Herlitz died on 24 March 2016 in Tel Aviv at the age of 94.

References

1921 births
2016 deaths
Ambassadors of Israel
Former Members of Knesset
German Jews
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish women politicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Berlin
Marie-Claire Kirkland

Marie-Claire Kirkland-Casgrain (September 8, 1924 – March 24, 2016) was a Canadian lawyer, judge and politician. She was the first woman elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. She was the first woman appointed a Cabinet minister in Quebec, the first woman appointed acting premier, and the first woman judge to serve in the Quebec Provincial Court.

On March 24, 2016, she died at the age of 91.

References

Other websites

1924 births
2016 deaths
Canadian judges
Canadian lawyers
Politicians from Quebec
Politicians from Massachusetts
Women judges
Women lawyers
Tibor R. Machan

Tibor Richard Machan (; 18 March 1939 – 24 March 2016) was a Hungarian-born American philosopher.  He was the professor emeritus in the department of philosophy at Auburn University. Machan held the R. C. Hoiles Chair of Business Ethics and Free Enterprise at the Argyros School of Business & Economics at Chapman University in Orange, California until December 31, 2014.

On 24 March 2015, he died at the age of 77.

References

1939 births
2016 deaths
American philosophers
People from Budapest
Leonard L. Northrup Jr.

Leonard "Lynn" L. Northrup Jr. (March 18, 1918 – March 24, 2016) was an American engineer. He created the commercialization of solar thermal energy. He was inspired by John Yellott, Dr. Maria Telkes, and Harry Tabor.

Northrup's company designed, patented, developed and manufactured some of the first commercial solar water heaters, solar concentrators, solar-powered air conditioning systems, solar power towers and photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems in the United States.

he company he founded became part of ARCO Solar, which in turn became BP Solar, which became the largest solar energy company in the world.

References

1918 births
2016 deaths
American inventors
Engineers from Texas
Scientists from Houston, Texas
Paolo Poli

Paolo Poli (May 23, 1929 – March 25, 2016) was an Italian theatre actor. He has also acted in movies and on television. He starred in many famous operas such as Aldino mi cali un filino, Rita of Cascia, Caterina de Medici, L'asino d'oro, Gulliver's Travels, La leggenda di San Gregorio, Il coturno della ciabatta, and ''La nemica'

References

Other websites
 
  Poliscena Association: Paolo Poli's Theatre 
  Il mare of Paolo Poli

1929 births
2016 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
People from Florence
Imre Pozsgay

Imre András Pozsgay (26 November 1933 – 25 March 2016) was a Hungarian Communist politician.

He played a key role in Hungary's fight for democracy after 1988. He served as Minister of Culture (1976–1980), Minister of Education (1980–1982) and Minister of State (1988–1990). He was also a Member of Parliament from 1983 to 1994.

References

1933 births
2016 deaths
Hungarian politicians
Hungarian educators
Activists
Communists
David Snellgrove

David Llewellyn Snellgrove (29 June 192025 March 2016) was a British Tibetologist. He was known for his pioneering work on Buddhism in Tibet as well as his many travelogues. He was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire. 

In 1950, after having finishing his studies at Cambridge, he was invited to teach a course in elementary Tibetan at the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London. He was Professor of Tibetan at SOAS until his retirement in 1982.

References

1920 births
2016 deaths
British historians
British educators
Writers from Hampshire
Alain Decaux

Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French writer and historian. He was born in Lille, France. He was elected to the Académie française on 15 February 1979.

In 2005, he was, with others authors as Frédéric Beigbeder, Richard Millet and Jean-Pierre Thiollet, among the Beirut Book Fair's guests in the Beirut International Exhibition & Leisure Center, commonly BIEL.

Decaux died on 27 March 2016 in Paris, France at the age of 90.

Bibliography
 1979    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 1980    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 1981    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 1981-1985  
 1982  Les Misérables, d'après Victor Hugo (screenplay, directed by Robert Hossein)
 1982    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 1999   (in collaboration with Alain Peyrefitte)
 1999    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 2000    (Librairie académique Perrin)
 2002    (Perrin)
 2002  
 2005    (Perrin)
 2007    (Perrin)

References

Other websites
 L'Académie française 

1925 births
2016 deaths
French historians
French educators
French screenwriters
Antoine Demoitié

Antoine Demoitié (16 October 1990 – 27 March 2016) was a Belgian cyclist. He last rode for Wanty–Groupe Gobert in 2016. He joined the team in 2016 after leaving Wallonie-Bruxelles at the end of the 2015 season. He was born in Liège, Wallonia, Belgium.

Demoitié died on 27 March 2016 after he crashed and went down in a pile-up of several cyclists. He was then hit by a motorcycle in the Gent–Wevelgem road race. He died that evening in hospital in Lille, Hauts-de-France, France, aged 25.

References

1990 births
2016 deaths
Belgian cyclists
People from Liège
Road accident deaths
Cerebrovascular disease

Cerebrovascular disease, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, is a vascular disease of the cerebral circulation. Arteries supplying oxygen to the brain are affected resulting in one of a number of cerebrovascular diseases. Most commonly this is a stroke or mini-stroke and sometimes can be a hemorrhagic stroke. Any of these can result in vascular dementia.

Causes 
Causes of cerebrovascular disease can be divided into: atherosclerosis, embolism, aneurysms, low flow states, and other rare causes. Major modifiable risk factors include:
hypertension 
smoking 
obesity 
diabetes.

Treatment
Treatment for cerebrovascular disease includes medication, lifestyle changes and surgery.

Examples of medications are:
Antiplatelets (Aspirin, Clopidogrel)
Blood thinners (Heparin, Warfarin )
Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers)
Anti-diabetic medications

Surgical procedures include:
Endovascular surgery and Vascular surgery (for future stroke prevention)

Notable cases
 Walter Cronkite, American news journalist. Died in 2010.
 Roberts Blossom, American actor and poet. Died in 2011.
 Shirley Hufstedler, American judge, first United States Secretary of Education. Died in 2016.

References

Stroke
James Noble (actor)

James Wilkes Noble (March 5, 1922 – March 28, 2016) was an American actor. He was best known for his role of the sweet-natured but naive Governor on ABC's 1980s sitcom Benson. He was born in Dallas, Texas. He retired from acting in 2010. 

Noble died from complications of a stroke at his home in Norwalk, Connecticut on March 28, 2016, aged 94.

References

Other websites

James Noble at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection 
James Noble(Aveleyman)

1922 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Dallas, Texas
Jean-Pierre Coffe

Jean-Pierre Coffe (March 24, 1938 – March 29, 2016) was a French radio and television presenter, food critic and author. Coffe then began a career in television in the early 1980s. He joined Canal+ in 1984. In 1992 and 1993, he made his first appearances in La Grande Famille hosted by Jean-Luc Delarue. He then joined the French public television channels where he hosted a cooking program with children titled Comment c'est fait ? ("How is it done?") from 1992 to 1993 on France 3.

On 29 March 2016, Coffe died at his home in Lanneray, France, aged 78.

References

Other websites
Official site of Jean-Pierre Coffe

1938 births
2016 deaths
French critics
French television actors
French television personalities
French radio personalities
Béla Biszku

Béla Biszku (13 September 1921 – 31 March 2016) was a Hungarian communist politician. He served as Minister of the Interior from 1957 to 1961. He was charged of suspicion of committing war crimes during the suppression of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. He became the first and to date only former top-official in Hungary who has been prosecuted because of political role in the communist era.

Biszku died in Budapest on 31 March 2016 at the age of 94.

References

1921 births
2016 deaths
Hungarian politicians
Communists
Georges Cottier

Georges Marie Martin Cottier O.P., (25 April 1922 – 31 March 2016) was a Swiss Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, Archbishop, Dominican, Theologian emeritus of the Pontifical Household.

Early life
Cottier was born in Carouge, Switzerland. He joined the Dominican Order in 1945. Cottier studied theology and philosophy at the Pontificium Athenaeum Internationale Angelicum, the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum until 1952.  While at the Angelicum he was ordained a priest in 1951.

Career
He was a professor at the Universities of Geneva and Fribourg. He became secretary of the International Theological Commission in 1989. He was nominated Pro-Theologian of the Pontifical Household in 1990. He was appointed Titular Archbishop of Tullia in 2003 and consecrated on 20 October 2003.

He was named Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Domenico e Sisto, the University Church of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum by Pope John Paul II in the Consistory of October 21, 2003. He served 10 years as a cardinal-deacon. He was promoted to cardinal-priest by Pope Francis on June 12, 2014.

Death
Cottier died on 31 March 2016 at the age of 93.

References

1922 births
2016 deaths
Swiss people
Roman Catholics
Zaha Hadid

Dame Zaha Mohammad Hadid DBE RA ( Zahā Ḥadīd; 31 October 1950 – 31 March 2016) was an Iraqi-born British architect. She was born in Baghdad.

Hadid was elected a Royal Academician in 2005. She became the first woman to receive the Pritzker Prize (2004). She received the Stirling Prize in 2010 and 2011. In 2012, she was created a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire and in 2015 she became the first woman to be awarded the RIBA Gold Medal.

Hadid's buildings are neo-futuristic, characterized by curving forms with "multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry to evoke the chaos of modern life".

On 31 March 2016, Hadid died of a heart attack in a Miami hospital, where she was being treated for bronchitis, aged 65.

References

1950 births
2016 deaths
British architects
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Florida
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
People from Baghdad
Pritzker Prize winners
Gianmaria Testa

Gianmaria Testa (17 October 1958 – 30 March 2016) was an Italian singer-songwriter. In the early 1990s, Testa won two consecutive top prizes at the Recanati Festival. He was born in Cavallermaggiore, Italy. 

Testa died in Alba, Piedmont on 30 March 2016, aged 57.

References

Other websites

1958 births
2016 deaths
Italian singers
Songwriters
Bernard Lamarre

Bernard Lamarre (6 August 1931 – 30 March 2016) was a Canadian engineer and businessman. He was born in Chicoutimi, Quebec in 1931.

Lamarre received a Bachelor of Appled Sciences in Civil Engineering from the École Polytechnique de Montréal in 1952. He received a Master of Science degree from Imperial College of Science and Technology in 1955. He started work as a soil mechanics engineer with the firm of Lalonde & Valois eventually becoming president and chief executive officer of the firm now called Lavalin Group. He was president of Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec from 1993 to 1997.

References

Other websites
 Bernard Lamarre  at The Canadian Encyclopedia

1931 births
2016 deaths
Canadian businesspeople
People from Quebec
Jim Harrison

James "Jim" Harrison (December 11, 1937 – March 26, 2016) was an American author. He was known for his poetry, fiction, reviews, essays about the outdoors, and writings about food.  He was best known for his 1979 novella Legends of the Fall.  He has been called "a force of nature", and his work has been compared to that of William Faulkner and Ernest Hemingway.

Harrison died of a heart attack on March 26, 2016, aged 78.

References

1937 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Arizona
American poets
Writers from Michigan
Benedict of Nursia

Bedenict of Nursia was the founder of the Benedictine order. He was born around 480, in Nursia (in Perugia, south of Italy), and died on the 24th of March 547, in Montecassino, about  south of Rome. Around 521, he founded the monastery at Montecassino which became the first Benedictine abbey.

480s births
547 deaths
Benedictines
Executive Order 9066

Executive Order 9066 was a presidential executive order. It was signed and issued during World War II by the President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. The order cleared the way for the deportation of Japanese Americans to internment camps. As a result, tens of thousands of Japanese Americans and Japanese nationals were interned during the war. The same order was also applied to numbers of American residents of Italian or German descent.

Background 
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States was very suddenly at war. Fear, outrage and hatred of the Japanese over the surprise attack was aimed at the Japanese Americans living in the U.S. It became a common belief that the amount of destruction, including most of the U.S. Naval fleet, was because Japanese Americans helped plan the attack. There was also the immediate fear that with the Pacific fleet severely damaged, the Japanese would invade the West Coast of the United States.

The order 
President Franklin Roosevelt issued the order on February 19, 1942. It ordered the evacuation of all persons who could be considered a threat to national security from the West Coast to relocation centers further inland. Over 100,000 Japanese American men, women and children were moved to assembly areas. From there they were moved to camps which were isolated and guarded.

In part, the order read:

References

Other websites 
 Executive Order 9066, Densho Encyclopedia
 Children of the Camps; Internment Timeline

United States law
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1942 in the United States
David Baker (composer)

David Nathaniel Baker Jr. (December 21, 1931 – March 26, 2016) was an American symphonic jazz composer. He worked at the Indiana University Jacobs School of Music in Bloomington.  

He has more than 65 recordings, 70 books, and 400 articles to his credit. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. Baker was nominated for the 1973 Pulitzer Prize. He has also been nominated for a Grammy Award (1979).

Personal life 
Baker died in Bloomington, Indiana on March 26, 2016, aged 84.

References

Other websites
Indiana University webpage on Professor Baker
Trombone Page of the World webpage on Professor Baker
NPR program about Baker's jazz compositions
Herzig, Monika. David Baker: A Legacy in Music . Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011.

1931 births
2016 deaths
American composers
American jazz musicians
Musicians from Indianapolis, Indiana
Igor Pashkevich

Igor Anatolyevich Pashkevich (; 1 July 1971 – 26 March 2016) was a Russian figure skating coach and competitor. He was the 1990 World Junior champion for the Soviet Union and the 1996 European silver medalist for Russia. He competed at the 1994 Lillehammer Olympics for Russia and the 1998 Nagano Olympics for Azerbaijan.

Pashkevich died on 26 March 2016 in Miami, Florida at the age of 44.

References

1971 births
2016 deaths
Russian sportspeople
People from Moscow
Norm Hadley

Norman "Norm" Hadley (2 December 1964 – 26 March 2016) was a Canadian professional rugby union player. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

He played professionally first for London Wasps and then Bedford Blues in the 1990s. He played for James Bay and UBCOB Ravens (British Columbia Rugby Union).  He earned an M.B.A. degree from UBC in 1991. He played for Western Suburbs in Wellington, New Zealand. He played for quarter-finalist Canada in the 1991 Rugby World Cup.  In total he earned 15 caps for Canada between 1987 and 1994. 

Hadley died in Japan on 26 March 2016, aged 51.

References

Other websites
Wasps Tribute to-Stormin' Norm Hadley
Wasps profile 
London Wasps Squad 1995/1996 

1964 births
2016 deaths
Canadian sportspeople
People from Winnipeg
Anne Aasheim

Anne Aasheim (22 April 1962 – 30 March 2016) was a Norwegian editor. She was born in Porsgrunn, Norway. She started her journalist career in the neighboring city's largest newspaper Varden in the late 1970s. She worked in Dagen and Bergens Arbeiderblad before being hired in NRK Hordaland in 1988.

Aasheim died of lung cancer in Oslo, Norway on 30 March 2016, aged 54.

References

1962 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Norwegian writers
Bill Rosendahl

William Joseph "Bill" Rosendahl (May 15, 1945 – March 30, 2016) was an American politician. He served on the Los Angeles City Council. He represented Council District 11 from 2005 to 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Rosendahl was openly gay. Rosendahl died at his home in Mar Vista, Los Angeles of ureteral cancer on March 30, 2016 at the age of 70.

References

1945 births
2016 deaths
Gay men
LGBT people from California
Politicians from California
People from Los Angeles
US Democratic Party politicians
Ureteral cancer

Ureteral cancer is cancer of the ureters, muscular tubes that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.  It is also known as ureter cancer, renal pelvic cancer, and rarely ureteric cancer or uretal cancer. This kind of cancer is very rare.

Ureteral cancer is usually transitional cell carcinoma.  Transitional cell carcinoma is "a common cause of ureter cancer and other urinary (renal pelvic) tract cancers."

References

Cancer
Artur Górski

Artur Cezary Górski (30 January 1970 – 1 April 2016) was a Polish politician. He was elected to the Sejm on September 25, 2005, getting 2850 votes in 19 Warsaw district. He was a member of the Law and Justice ticket. He was re-elected in 2007 and was in office until his death. Górski was also the first chairman of the Conservative-Monarchist Club.

Górski died in Warsaw, Poland from leukemia on 1 April 2016, aged 46.

References

Other websites
Artur Górski - parliamentary page  - includes declarations of interest, voting record, and transcripts of speeches.
dr. Artur Górski home page - personal website, includes articles, biographies and photographs.

1970 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in Poland
Deaths from leukemia
Politicians from Warsaw
Denise Robertson

Denise Robertson MBE, DL (9 June 1932 – 31 March 2016) was a British writer and television broadcaster. She made her television debut as the presenter of the Junior Advice Line segment of the BBC's Breakfast Time programme in 1985. She was best known as the resident agony aunt on the ITV show This Morning from its first ever broadcast on 3 October 1988 until her death in 2016.

Robertson died from pancreatic cancer at Royal Marsden Hospital in London, England, aged 83.

References

Other websites

 
 Denise Robertson returns to Uganda 

1932 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
English writers
English television presenters
People from Sunderland
Clodomir Santos de Morais

Clodomir Santos de Morais, PhD (30 September 1928 – 25 March 2016), was a Brazilian sociologist. He worked with the Organization Workshop (OW) and the associated  Activity-based Large Group Capacitation Method (LGCM).

In the 1940s and 1950s de Morais worked as a trade unionist and a journalist. He became a member of the Pernambuco State Assembly and co-founder of the Ligas Camponêsas (Peasant Leagues). After the 1964 coup he was forced into exile, first in Chile, and, as ILO Regional Advisor on Agrarian Reform for Central America, he later worked as Agrarian Reform consultant in Latin America, Portugal and Africa.

After the end of military rule de Morais returned to Brazil in 1988, answering a call from the University of Brasilia to help in the 'hidden civil war' of unemployment.

References

Works
 
 
 
 .Van Dam was translated into Dutch in 1983 re: Het Experimenteel Laboratorium ISBN  9064432910.

1928 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Brazilian educators
South American sociologists
Adam Żurowski

Adam Roman Żurowski (3 March 1929 – 25 March 2016) was a Polish surveyor. He was the professor of technical sciences at the  Gdansk University of Technology. He was also Dean of the Faculty Hydrotechnics from 1990 through 1993. He was Head of the Department of Geodesy from 1985 through 1999.

References

1929 births
2016 deaths
Polish people
Polish educators