cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Animals of New Zealand

The animals of New Zealand have an unusual history. The main thing to know is that the islands were part of Gondwana, from which they separated 84 million years (mya) ago. New Zealand has some animals and plants which survive from that time, and birds which flew there much later. The islands are well known for their terrestrial birds, some of which were large species (the moas). For millions of years the islands did not have any native mammalian carnivores, and the moas' only predators were other birds, such as the giant Haast's eagle.

History
Humans arrived in New Zealand less than 1,300 years ago. At that time the country's only mammals were bats (which flew there), and  pinnipeds and sea lions (which swam there). This meant that all the ecological niches occupied by mammals in other lands were occupied in New Zealand by either insects or birds. Because of this, the country has an unusually large number of flightless birds, of which only the kiwi, and the kakapo survive. 

Because of the lack of predators, even the bats spend most of their time on the ground. There are also about 60 species of lizard (30 of gecko and 30 of skink), and four species of frog (all rare and endangered). There are two species of tuatara, Sphenodon, the only surviving reptile in its order. These living fossils are reptiles of a type which flourished as long ago as 200 million years. While mapping its genome, it has been discovered that the species has between five and six billion base pairs of DNA sequence. The reptile now lives only on the islands in the Cook Strait and the Bay of Plenty.

Humans brought with them the Polynesian Rat (Kiore) and the dog. Europeans later brought their domesticated animals. Of these, the rats, ferrets, cats, stoats and dogs have all had serious effect on the original New Zealand animals. They have driven many species to extinction. Possums were later introduced from Australia for a fur industry, and deer from Europe as animals to be hunted. Both seriously damaged the forest habitat of many birds.

In recent years people made efforts to remove mammals from off shores either the animals are big or small. In some parts of the mainland, mammals are being completely eliminated inside fenced areas to create "ecological islands". Examples are the Karori Wildlife Sanctuary in Wellington City, from which about a ton of dead possums was removed after the installation of a mammal-proof fence, and the Maungatautari Restoration Project.

References

Other websites

 Native animals of New Zealand  - Department of Conservation.
 Animals of New Zealand - children's learning aid.
University of Jena

The University of Jena, officially the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (, abbreviated FSU, shortened form Uni Jena) is a university in Jena, Germany. It was founded in the year 1558. In 2009, there were more than 21,000 students.

The University of Jena has got ten faculties:
 Theology
 Jurisprudence
 Economics
 Philosophy (including languages, history and others)
 Social sciences
 Mathematics and computer science
 Physics and astronomy
 Chemistry and earth sciences
 Biology and pharmacy
 Medicine

In 1934 the University of Jena was named after Friedrich Schiller. Schiller, a very famous German poet, had been a professor in Jena since the year 1789.

The University of Jena is a member of the Coimbra Group, a group of many important European universities.

Other websites 
 Website of the University of Jena

Jena
Jena
Eli Whitney

Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 – January 8, 1825) was an American inventor. He is known as the inventor of the cotton gin, an important invention in the Industrial Revolution. He made it in 1793 March 14. Born in Westborough, Massachusettes.

References

1765 births
1825 deaths
American inventors
Cotton gin

A cotton gin, or a cotton engine is a machine that pulls cotton fibers away from the cotton seeds. The modern cotton gin was invented by the American inventor Eli Whitney.It is significant in American history because after its invention, Southerners began growing much more cotton and so they needed more slaves to work on their cotton plantations. Instead of disappearing, slavery became even more important to the Southern economy.

References

Agricultural machinery
Gale warning

A gale warning is an advisory issued to warn people about forecast gale force winds. In the United States, warnings are issued by the National Weather Service to areas that will have winds within the range of 39 to 54 miles per hour or 63 to 69 km-h.

Example
The following is an example of a Gale Warning issued by the National Weather Service office in North Webster, Indiana.

URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTHERN INDIANA
901 PM EDT WED OCT 29 2014

LMZ043-046-300915-
/O.CON.KIWX.GL.W.0014.141031T1200Z-141101T0900Z/
NEW BUFFALO MI TO ST JOSEPH MI-MICHIGAN CITY IN TO NEW BUFFALO MI-
901 PM EDT WED OCT 29 2014

...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 8 AM FRIDAY TO 5 AM EDT
SATURDAY...

* WINDS...NORTHWEST 15 TO 25 KNOTS WITH GUSTS TO 30 KNOTS BY
  DAYBREAK FRIDAY...VEERING NORTH TO 35 KNOT GALES WITH GUSTS TO
  45 KNOT GALES FRIDAY. NORTH WINDS DIMINISHING TO 20 TO 30
  KNOTS WITH GUSTS TO 35 KNOT GALES LATE FRIDAY NIGHT.

* WAVES..5 TO 8 FEET LATE THURSDAY NIGHT...BUILDING TO 14 TO 20
  FEET FRIDAY...SUBSIDING TO 8 TO 12 FEET LATE FRIDAY NIGHT.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A GALE WARNING MEANS WINDS OF 34 TO 47 KNOTS ARE IMMINENT OR
OCCURRING. OPERATING A VESSEL IN GALE CONDITIONS REQUIRES
EXPERIENCE AND PROPERLY EQUIPPED VESSELS. IT IS HIGHLY
RECOMMENDED THAT MARINERS WITHOUT THE PROPER EXPERIENCE SEEK SAFE
HARBOR PRIOR TO THE ONSET OF GALE CONDITIONS.

&&

$$

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR FURTHER DETAILS OR
UPDATES...OR CHECK OUR WEB SITE AT WEATHER.GOV/IWX/?N=MARINE

References

Other websites
 Meteorological Service of Canada 

Winds
James Burton

James Burton (born August 21, 1939, in Minden, Louisiana) is an American musician. He is most famous as a guitar player and has played with many famous singers including: Ricky Nelson, Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Merle Haggard, John Denver, Jerry Lee Lewis, Elvis Costello, Roy Orbison, Joni Mitchell and the Everly Brothers.

In 2001 Burton was elected into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

The Fender Musical Instruments Corporation makes a special "Telecaster" electric guitar which is named after James Burton.

References

American guitarists
Musicians from Louisiana
American rock musicians
Country musicians
1939 births
Living people
Jeff Burton

Jeffrey Brian Burton (born June 29, 1967 in South Boston, Virginia) is a retired Nascar Sprint Cup series driver. Jeff Burton drove the #31 Caterpillar Chevrolet SS for Richard Childress Racing, and used to drive for Roush Racing in the #99 car, as well as racing part-time for Michael Waltrip at Michael Waltrip Racing. Jeff's brother Ward Burton also drove in the Sprint Cup series. In 2013, Burton decided to stop driving in NASCAR and started working for NBC Sports helping broadcast NASCAR Sprint Cup Series races.

References

1967 births
Living people
NASCAR drivers
American racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Virginia
LeVar Burton

Levardis Robert Martyn "LeVar" Burton Jr. (born February 16, 1957) is an American actor. He first became famous for acting in the television series Roots. He is probably best known for his role in the popular television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and as the host of the PBS show Reading Rainbow.

LeVar Burton has also written a book called The Aftermath. He has also done work as a television director.

LeVar Burton has two children, a son and a daughter. He lives with his wife and daughter in California.

Awards

Nominations
 1977 Emmy — Outstanding Lead Actor for a Single Performance in a Drama or Comedy Series —' Roots ' (Part 1, "Kunta Kinte")
 1996, 1999 Daytime Emmy — Outstanding Children's Series —' Reading Rainbow ' (Executive Producer)
 1999, 2003, 2005 Daytime Emmy — Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series —' Reading Rainbow ' (Self)
 2004 Genie Award — Best Achievement in Music-Original Song —' Blizzard ' (Co-composer "Center of My Heart")
 2006 Black Reel Award — Best Director-Television —' Miracle's Boys '

Wins
 Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7030 Hollywood Blvd. for television achievement (unveiled 1990)
 1992 Peabody Award — Reading Rainbow (as executive producer of episode, "The Wall")
 1995-1996, 1999, 2002-2003 Image Award — variously for Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series and Outstanding Youth or Children's Series/Special —' Reading Rainbow ' (both as Self and as Executive Producer)
 2000 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album - The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr.
 2001-2003, 2005 Daytime Emmy — Outstanding Children's Series—' Reading Rainbow ' (Executive Producer)
 2001-2002 Daytime Emmy — Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series — ' Reading Rainbow ' (Self)
 2003 Television Critics Association Award — Outstanding Achievement in Children's Programming —' Reading Rainbow ' (Executive Producer)
 2004 Chicago International Children's Film Festival — Best of Fest — ' Blizzard ' (Director)

References

Other websites

LeVar Burton  (personal website)
Burton / Wolfe Entertainment  (production company)

1957 births
Living people
African-American movie actors
African-American television actors
African-American voice actors
American television directors
Peabody Award winners
People from Rhineland-Palatinate
Grammy Award winners
Emmy Award winners
Beach erosion

Coastal erosion is a term for the removal of beaches or dunes  by waves, tidal currents, wave currents, or drainage.  Waves, caused by storms and wind cause coastal erosion. On rocky coasts, coastal erosion results in dramatic rock formations in areas where the coastline contains rock layers. Softer areas become eroded much faster than harder ones, which can cause things like tunnels, bridges, columns, and pillars.

Other websites
Coastal Erosion Information from the Coastal Ocean Institute 
Environment Agency guide to coastal erosion

Geology
Erosion
Erosion
Indestructible Records

The Indestructible Record Company was started in 1906 by William Messer, who used to work for Thomas Lambert, the inventor of plastic cylinder records. They started making 4-minute cylinders (with 200 grooves in an inch instead of 100) in 1909. In the 1910s they started dubbing cylinder masters from disc masters made by Columbia, and also from Federal Record Corporation disc masters—also done by Edison (with his ) starting in 1915. They used Federal masters after Federal was launched in 1919 by Indestructible. In the fall of 1922, there was a large factory fire that shut down all cylinder production permanently. Production of Federal discs was stopped for a while, but masters were still recorded on and off, and Federal was bought by Emerson Records in 1925. Emerson still survives today as a radio maker.

1922 disestablishments
1900s establishments in New York (state)
Albany, New York
American record labels
Radio
1907 establishments in the United States
1920s disestablishments in New York (state)
Gonaïves

Gonaïves (Kréyòl: Gonayiv) is a port city in western Haiti. It is the capital city of the Artibonite Département.

The city is on the coast of the Gonaïve Bay, on the northeast of the Gulf of Gonâve, about 171 km north of the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince. It is also the chief town of an arrondissement (a part of a department) with the same name. The arrondissement has three communes (a commune is like a municipality): Gonaïves, Ennery and Estère.

History 

In 1802, the Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres, an important battle of the Haitian Revolution, was fought near Gonaïves.

Gonaïves is also known as City of Independence because it was there that Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared Haiti independent from France on 1 January 1804.

Floods produced by rains from tropical storms and hurricanes devastated the city and many people died in September 2004 (Hurricane Jeanne), and again four years later, in August-September 2008 (Hurricane Hanna).

Economy 
Gonaïves is an important commercial centre. The agricultural products of the region (coffee, cotton, sugar and bananas) are sent to other countries and other parts of Haiti from the harbor of the city.

Media

Radio 
 Radio Explosion FM
 Radio Continentale FM
 Radio Independence
 Radio Kiss FM
 Radio Mega Max FM
 Radio Provinciale FM
 Radio Pyramide FM
 Radio Trans-Artibonite
 Radio Gonaives FM
 Radio Etincelle FM
 Radio Trans Atlantique F.M

References

Other websites 
 Haïti Référence: Perfil de la ville de Gonaïves  - Information on Gonaïves (French text).

Cities in Haiti
Britannia

Britannia () is the national personification of Britain as a woman with a trident and shield and wearing a helmet. The image of Britannia was first used in classical antiquity. The word Britannia in Latin could mean the British Isles, the island of Great Britain, or the Roman province of Britain in the time of the Roman Empire.

Images of Britannia show her sitting or lying down with a spear and shield. This image was first used on Roman coins in the 2nd century AD. After the Romans, the image of Britannia was first used again for coins of the pound sterling made for Charles II of England, Scotland, and Ireland. These were the first to show Britannia with a Union Flag on her shield. After many victories of Britain's Royal Navy, coins with Britannia show Neptune's trident from 1797. Her image wears a helmet on coins after 1825.

Britannia was the common Latin name for Great Britain starting in the 1st century BC. Britannia replaced the name Albion as the common name for the island used by the Romans. After the Romans overcame the ancient Britons in war in 43 AD, Britannia could mean just the southern two thirds of the island which was under Roman control. (Caledonia, north of the River Forth in modern Scotland, was only sometimes overcome by the Roman army.) Britannia was also a goddess. Latin text on a gritstone base for a statue from Eboracum (York) gives the goddess the name "Holy Britannia" (). This stone was in existence in 1740, but it is now lost. A soldier in the Roman army dedicated another altar to the goddess Britannia near Castlehill Fort on the Antonine Wall. The altar is now in Glasgow.

Related pages
 Ancient Britons
 Britons
 Brittany
 Brythonic languages
 Roman Britain
 Sub-Roman Britain

References

National personifications
United Kingdom
Funhouse

"Funhouse" is a song by pop singer, Pink. It is the fifth release from her 2008 album, entitled the same as the name of the song, Funhouse. It tells of Pink's split with a partner. It reached 20th position in the UK Singles Chart. There is also a techno remix of the song.

References

2009 songs
Pink songs
Obsessed

"Obsessed" is a song by singer Mariah Carey. It is on her album Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel. It is the lead single from the album. The song was released June 16, 2009.

2009 songs
Mariah Carey songs
Hip hop songs
R&B songs
Run This Town

Run This Town is a song by the singers Rihanna, Jay-Z and Kanye West. It is from Jay-Z's album, Blueprint 3. It is 4:27 long, and was released in 2009.

2009 songs
Rihanna songs
Jay-Z songs
Kanye West songs
Nada Surf

Nada Surf is an American alternative rock band from New York. They formed their band in 1992. There are 3 members in the band. They are also known as "North Sixth Street".

References 
Nada Surf Information 

American rock bands
Musical groups from New York
Musical groups established in 1992
1992 establishments in New York (state)
The Taking of Pelham 123 (2009 movie)

The Taking of Pelham 123 is a 2009 American crime thriller movie. It was directed by Tony Scott and stars Denzel Washington and John Travolta. It is based on the novel of the same name written by Morton Freedgood (writing under the pseudonym John Godey) and 1974 movie The Taking of Pelham One Two Three. It is set in New York City.

Release Dates

Other websites 

2009 crime movies
2009 thriller movies
2000s crime thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
American movie remakes
English-language movies
Heist movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Tony Scott
Movies set in New York City
Ethernet switch

An ethernet switch is a device used to build a network connection between the attached computers using Ethernet port of computers(allows computers to talk to each other).It is an example of Packet switching.It differs from an ethernet hub: While a hub will send incoming data packets to all ports, a switch understands the packets' addressing scheme and will send any data packet only to its destination port, thus limiting the number of collisions (data sent at the same time).
Computer hardware
Computer networking

A switch is used in a wired network to connect to other devices using Ethernet cables. The switch allows each connected device to talk to the others. Wireless-only networks do not use switches because devices such as wireless routers and adapters communicate directly with one another.

Although you can use the ports on the back of a router or modem to connect a few Ethernet devices together, switches offer a number of advantages:

Switches allow you to connect dozens of devices.
Switches keep traffic between two devices from getting in the way of your other devices on the same network.
Switches allow you to control who has access to various parts of the network.
Switches allow you to monitor usage.
Switches allow communication (within your network) that's even faster than the Internet.
High-end switches can be tailored to your network needs with pluggable modules.
Keisuke Ota

Keisuke Ota (born 23 July 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||Shimizu S-Pulse||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2001||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||43||11||3||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||13
|-
|2002||rowspan="6"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||2||0||0||0||6||1||3||0||11||1
|-
|2003||8||0||4||0||1||1||colspan="2"|-||13||1
|-
|2004||29||1||1||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2005||17||3||1||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||22||4
|-
|2006||2||0||0||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||4||1
|-
|2007||2||0||0||0||2||2||colspan="2"|-||4||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||16||3||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||3
|-
|2008||34||6||4||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||44||7
|-
|2009||7||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||J. League 1||11||0||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||||||
171||24||17||2||31||7||3||0||222||33
171||24||17||2||31||7||3||0||222||33
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Frédéric Antonetti

Frédéric Antonetti (born 19 August 1961) is a former French football player.

References

1961 births
Living people
French footballers
French football managers
Sota Nakazawa

Sota Nakazawa (born 26 October 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.

Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="6"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2002||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2004||9||0||1||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2005||16||0||0||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||22||1
|-
|2006||J. League 2||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2006||Tokyo||J. League 1||2||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||2||0||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2008||30||3||5||1||4||0||12||0||51||4
|-
|2009||26||0||5||0||2||1||6||0||39||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
89||3||12||1||24||2||18||0||143||6
89||3||12||1||24||2||18||0||143||6
|}

References
Gamba Osaka 

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Ryo Kobayashi

Ryo Kobayashi (born 12 September 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Montedio Yamagata.

Club career statistics

|-
|2005||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 1||21||1||2||0||4||0||27||1
|-
|2006||J. League 2||44||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||46||4
|-
|2007||J. League 1||9||0||0||0||4||0||13||0
|-
|2008||Oita Trinita||J. League 1||18||1||1||0||7||1||26||2
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Montedio Yamagata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||25||0||1||0||6||0||32||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
117||6||6||0||21||1||144||7
117||6||6||0||21||1||144||7
|}

References

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Saitama Prefecture
Naoya Kondo

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Kondo was born in Utsunomiya on October 3, 1983. He joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol from their youth team in 2002. He got an opportunity to play in 2003 and became a regular center back in 2004. However he could not play many matches for repeated injuries from 2005. He became a regular player again in summer 2009. However Reysol was relegated to J2 League end of the 2009 season. In 2010, he played all 34 matches except 2 matches for suspension. Reysol also won the champions in J2 and was returned to J1 in a year. In 2011, Reysol won the champions in J1 League. He was also selected Best Eleven award. From 2012, Reysol won the champions in the 2012 Emperor's Cup and 2013 J.League Cup. However his opportunity to play decreased from 2014. In 2016, he moved to Chiba Prefecture's cross town rivals, JEF United Chiba in J2 League. He played as regular center back in 3 seasons. In 2019, he moved to J2 club Tokyo Verdy. He retired end of the 2020 season.

In 2003, Kondo was selected the Japan U-20 national football team for 2003 World Youth Championship and played 3 matches. On February 24, 2012, he debuted for Japan national team against Iceland.

Statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="14"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="4"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2003||15||1||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||17||1
|-
|2004||26||1||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|-
|2005||12||0||0||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2006||J2 League||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|J1 League||16||1||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|-
|2008||5||0||0||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2009||22||0||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2010||J2 League||34||3||3||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||37||4
|-
|2011||rowspan="5"|J1 League||31||1||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||1
|-
|2012||26||2||5||0||4||0||4||0||39||2
|-
|2013||31||2||2||0||5||0||11||1||49||3
|-
|2014||18||0||1||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2015||7||0||0||0||1||0||1||0||9||0
|-
|2016||rowspan="3"|JEF United Chiba||rowspan="3"|J2 League||35||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||2
|-
|2017||38||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||38||4
|-
|2018||37||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||37||2
|-
|2019||rowspan="2"|Tokyo Verdy||rowspan="2"|J2 League||28||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|2020||17||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||17||1
401||20||22||1||37||0||16||1||476||22
401||20||22||1||37||0||16||1||476||22
|}

|-
|2012||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

Other websites

1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Tochigi Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Kashiwa Reysol players
JEF United Chiba players
Tokyo Verdy players
Hidekazu Otani

Hidekazu Otani (born 6 November 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="8"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||4||0||0||0||5||0||9||0
|-
|2004||16||1||1||0||4||1||21||2
|-
|2005||20||3||2||2||2||0||24||5
|-
|2006||J. League 2||29||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||29||1
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||31||0||1||0||2||0||34||0
|-
|2008||33||3||4||0||5||0||42||3
|-
|2009||20||1||2||0||3||0||25||1
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
153||9||10||2||21||1||184||12
153||9||10||2||21||1||184||12
|}

References

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Groove Armada

Groove Armada is an English rap/techno/rock duo. The duo consists of two male members. Their recording label is Columbia Records. Their album Black Light was nominated for best electronic/dance album at the Grammy Awards.

References 

 Groove Armada band info 

English dance musicians
Electronic music bands
Ellis Island

Ellis Island is an island near New York City. It was used for immigrants coming from other countries to the United States from 1892 until 1954. Some immigrants to other countries, like Canada, also went through the island. It is located in Upper New York harbor, north of Liberty Island (Statue of Liberty) and east of Liberty state park.

Other websites 

Islands of New York
Geography of New York City
Headphones

A computer headphone is an output device  electronic audio devices that people wear over their ears. They let people hear sounds on a walkman, MP3 player, mobile phone or computer. Headphones come in many different sizes from big to small. They are also known as earphones, stereophones, headsets or even 'cans'. Earbuds are inserted into the ear. Headphones typically uses small plug for connection. Some use a Bluetooth connection so they don't have the cord in the way.

There is a risk of deafness if listening to headphones with a high volume for a long time.

References

Audio technology
Processed cheese

Processed cheese is a dairy product. It is made from cheese. Other unfermented dairy products, emulsifiers, salts, food colorings and whey may be added to this.

History
The first processed cheese was made by Walter Gerber in Thun, Switzerland in 1911. Today, this is still sold as Gala. The first processed cheese in Germany was made by Gebrüder Wiedemann, in 1922. This was named Adler (which is German for Eagle). At approximately the same time, Fromageries Bel launched La vache qui rit, which is still available today. In Austria, it was Alma, in 1921.

Advantages and disadvantages
There are a number of advantages of processed cheese over regular cheese. These are:
Processed cheese has a longer shelf-life
It is possible to use leftovers from other cheesemaking processes.
The melting process can be controlled better. Regular cheese often separates into fat, and proteins.
There are fewer flavors of processed cheese than of unprocessed cheese
One disadvantage to processed cheese is that it is unhealthier than other cheeses if eaten too much.

References
Paraffin

In chemistry, paraffin is the common name for the alkane hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2. Paraffin wax refers to the solids with n between 20 and 40, inclusive.

The simplest paraffin molecule is that of methane, CH4, a gas at room temperature. Heavier members of the series, such as that of  octane, C8H18, and mineral oil appear as liquids at room temperature. The solid forms of paraffin, called paraffin wax, are from the heaviest molecules from C20H42 to C40H82. Paraffin wax was identified by Carl Reichenbach in 1830.

Paraffin, or paraffin hydrocarbon, is also the technical name for an alkane in general, but in most cases it refers specifically to a linear, or normal alkane — whereas branched, or isoalkanes are also called isoparaffins. It is distinct from the fuel known in Ireland, Britain and South Africa as paraffin oil or just paraffin, which is called kerosene in most of the U.S., Australia and New Zealand.

The name is derived from the Latin parum (= barely) + affinis with the meaning here of "lacking affinity", or "lacking reactivity". This is because alkanes, being non-polar and lacking in functional groups, are very unreactive.

Related pages
Paraffin (disambiguation)

References

Hydrocarbons
Bahrain Grand Prix



Winners

Repeat winners (drivers) 
Drivers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.

Repeat winners (constructors) 
Teams in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.

Repeat winners (engine manufacturers) 
Manufacturers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.

Year by year

Broadcasting

United Kingdom

Formula One Grands Prix
Sport in Bahrain
2004 establishments in Asia
Repetition

Repetition is a rhetorical device where words are used a number of times to emphasize something in literature or maybe even poems and rhymes. Repetition is used for many things but is mainly used in books to emphasize or to give you clues into the storyline.

Related page 
Refrain

Literary terms
Rhetoric
Words
Serbian

Serbian () might mean:

Something related to the country Serbia ()
Serbian language ()
Serbian Cyrillic alphabet ()
Roy Jones Jr.

Roy Jones, Jr. (born January 16, 1969) is an American professional boxer and is the current NABO and IBC light heavyweight champion and has also captured IBF championships in the middleweight, super middleweight and light heavyweight divisions. He has also started a rap career in 2001 releasing his first album entitled Round One: The Album and his debut single You all Must've Forgot. He formed a group in 2004 called Body Head Bangerz and released an album with them entitled Body Head Bangerz: Volume One which featured B.G., Juvenile, Bun B of UGK, Petey Pablo, Lil' Flip, and Mike Jones including others.

He has an upcoming fight against Mike Tyson on September 12, 2020.

References

Other websites 
 

1969 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Florida
American boxers
Rap musicians from Florida
Singers from Florida
Bobby Labonte

Robert Alan Labonte (born May 8, 1964) is a former American race car driver in the NASCAR Cup Series series. Labonte drove the #47 JTG Daugherty Racing Toyota Camry in 2011. From 1995 until 2005, Labonte drove the #18 car for Joe Gibbs Racing. In 2000 Labonte won the Sprint Cup championship with Joe Gibbs.

References 

1964 births
Living people
American racecar drivers
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from Texas
People from Corpus Christi, Texas
Recreo

Recreo is a city of the Catamarca Province in Argentina.

Population 
As of 2001 Recreo has a population of over 10,147 inhabitants, making it the fiftieth largest city in the province.

Other websites 
 Municipalidad de la ciudad de Recreo 
 Diario digital de Recreo
 El Portal de Recreo

Cities in Argentina
Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) created by British chemist Stewart Adams.  It is used to stop pain, help reduce fevers, relieve arthritis pain, and acts as an inflammatory part. Ibuprofen is used to relieve pain from various conditions such as headache, dental pain, menstrual cramps, muscle aches, or arthritis. It is also used to reduce fever and to relieve minor aches and pain due to the common cold. If you are treating a chronic condition such as arthritis, ask your doctor about non-drug treatments and/or using other medications to treat your pain. See also Warning section.

Check the ingredients on the label even if you have used the product before. The manufacturer may have changed the ingredients. Also, products with similar names may contain different ingredients meant for different purposes. Taking the wrong product could harm you. If you are taking the over-the-counter product, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start taking ibuprofen and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Take this medication by mouth, usually every 4 to 6 hours with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise. Do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking this drug. If you have stomach upset while taking this medication, take it with food, milk, or an antacid.

The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. To reduce your risk of stomach bleeding and other side effects, take this medication at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. Do not increase your dose or take this drug more often than directed by your doctor or the package label. For ongoing conditions such as arthritis, continue taking this medication as directed by your doctor.

When ibuprofen is used by children, the dose is based on the child's weight. Read the package directions to find the proper dose for your child's weight. Consult the pharmacist or doctor if you have questions or if you need help choosing a nonprescription product.

For certain conditions (such as arthritis), it may take up to two weeks of taking this drug regularly until you get the full benefit.

If you are taking this drug "as needed" (not on a regular schedule), remember that pain medications work best if they are used as the first signs of pain occur. If you wait until the pain has worsened, the medication may not work as well.

If your condition persists or worsens, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away. If you are using the nonprescription product to treat yourself or a child for fever or pain, consult the doctor right away if fever worsens or lasts more than 3 days, or if pain worsens or lasts more than 10 days.

References

Analgesics
Senate of Romania

The Senate of Romania is one of the two parts of the parliament.  It has 137 seats as of November, 2004.  After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the Senate met in the "Palatul Senatului".  That building is found in the Revolution Square.

Other websites 
 Official web site of the Senate of Romania

Government of Romania
Romania
Armenia, Wisconsin

Armenia is a town of Juneau County in the state of Wisconsin in the United States. 707 people were living in Armenia as of 2000.  Armenia has an area of 77.7 square miles, says the United States Census Bureau.

References 

Juneau County, Wisconsin
Towns in Wisconsin
Beetown, Wisconsin

Beetown is a town of Grant County in the state of Wisconsin in the United States. 734 people were living in Beetown as of 2000.

References 

Towns in Wisconsin
Grant County, Wisconsin
The Cranberries

The Cranberries were an Irish rock band from Limerick, Republic of Ireland. The band was formed in 1989 as The Cranberry Saw Us. They became famous around the world with their album Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?. In 2003 they broke up. In 2009 they got back together. In 2012 they released their sixth studio album, Roses. The band ended in 2019, the year after the death of their lead singer, Dolores O'Riordan. 

20th-century establishments in the Republic of Ireland
1980s Irish music groups
1990s Irish music groups
2000s Irish music groups
2010s Irish music groups
County Limerick
Irish rock bands
Musical groups established in 1989
2019 disestablishments
Musical quartets
Yuji Unozawa

Yuji Unozawa (born 3 May 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Nagano Parceiro.

Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="5"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||13||3||1||0||3||0||17||3
|-
|2003||15||0||1||0||2||1||18||1
|-
|2004||11||1||1||0||4||2||16||3
|-
|2005||13||0||2||1||4||1||19||2
|-
|2006||J. League 2||16||0||5||1||colspan="2"|-||21||1
|-
|2007||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 2||10||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Japan Soccer College||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||11||8||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||8
|-
|2009||11||6||2||2||colspan="2"|-||13||8
|-
|2010||Nagano Parceiro||Regional Leagues||||||||||||||||
100||18||12||4||13||4||125||26
100||18||12||4||13||4||125||26
|}

References

1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Yuzo Kobayashi

Yuzo Kobayashi (born 15 November 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="7"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||9||0||0||0||1||0||10||0
|-
|2005||19||1||2||0||2||0||23||1
|-
|2006||J. League 2||41||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||42||1
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||25||0||0||0||6||0||31||0
|-
|2008||31||1||5||0||6||0||42||1
|-
|2009||29||0||2||0||6||0||37||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
154||3||10||0||21||0||185||3
154||3||10||0||21||0||185||3
|}

References

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Masayuki Ochiai

Masayuki Ochiai (born 11 July 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tochigi.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||rowspan="5"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2001||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2002||1||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2003||9||0||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2004||2||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Sagan Tosu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||12||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2005||11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2006||Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 2||13||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|-
|2007||Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 1||9||0||0||0||2||0||4||0||15||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Tochigi||Football League||30||3||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||3
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||33||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
120||3||9||0||3||0||4||0||136||3
120||3||9||0||3||0||4||0||136||3
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Kumamoto Prefecture
2. Bundesliga

The 2. Bundesliga, commonly referred to as 2. Fußball-Bundesliga, is a football league which is the second division in Germany.

Formation
The decision to establish a fully professional league as 2nd level was made by the DFB 1973. It replaced the Regionalligen as 2nd level. The new 2. Bundesliga was split into a northern and a southern division with 20 clubs each. The champions were promoted directly to Bundesliga, the runners-up had two matches to decide the 3rd team which was promoted. 1981 a single 2nd league was established. The two topteams are promoted, the third team plays relegationmatches versus the 16th of the Bundesliga.

Members of the 2. Bundesliga (2021–22 season)
For details on the 2. Bundesliga 2021–22 season, see here.

Related pages
 German Bundesliga

Football leagues
1974 establishments in Europe
1970s establishments in Germany
Shinya Tanoue

Shinya Tanoue (born 5 February 1980) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1998||rowspan="8"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="8"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2000||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2001||3||2||1||0||1||0||5||2
|-
|2002||10||1||1||0||0||0||11||1
|-
|2003||9||1||2||0||5||0||16||1
|-
|2004||1||0||0||0||2||0||3||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||36||2||1||1||colspan="2"|-||37||3
|-
|2008||14||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||16||1
75||6||8||2||8||0||91||8
75||6||8||2||8||0||91||8
|}

References

1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Kagoshima Prefecture
Delio Toledo

Delio Toledo (born 2 October 1976) is a Paraguayan football player. He plays for Kayserispor.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Atlético Colegiales||rowspan="2"|Primera División||27||1
|-
|1997||23||2
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Cerro Porteño||rowspan="2"|Primera División||8||0
|-
|1999||0||0

|-
|1999/00||Udinese||Serie A||2||0

|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Espanyol Barcelona||rowspan="2"|La Liga||4||0
|-
|2000/01||16||1

|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Colón||rowspan="2"|Primera División||26||0
|-
|2002/03||5||0

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Real Zaragoza||Segunda División||31||1
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|La Liga||23||3
|-
|2004/05||23||0
|-
|2005/06||32||1

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Kayserispor||rowspan="4"|Süper Lig||30||3
|-
|2007/08||27||1
|-
|2008/09||27||1
|-
|2009/10||||
58||3
2||0
129||6
31||0
84||5
304||14
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1999||13||3
|-
|2000||6||1
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||4||0
|-
|2004||3||0
|-
|2005||1||0
|-
|2006||5||0
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
!Total||35||4
|}

References

1976 births
Living people
Paraguayan footballers
Makoto Sunakawa

Makoto Sunakawa (born 10 August 1977) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Consadole Sapporo.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="7"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|1997||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||15||0||3||1||4||1||22||2
|-
|2000||20||5||2||0||1||0||23||5
|-
|2001||23||1||1||0||2||0||26||1
|-
|2002||12||0||1||0||3||0||16||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="8"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||34||6||3||2||colspan="2"|-||37||8
|-
|2004||34||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||38||2
|-
|2005||37||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||38||4
|-
|2006||43||7||4||2||colspan="2"|-||47||9
|-
|2007||42||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||43||2
|-
|2008||J. League 1||32||1||1||0||6||1||39||2
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||46||3||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||3
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
338||31||23||5||17||2||378||38
338||31||23||5||17||2||378||38
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Wiener Sport-Club

Wiener S.C. (Wiener Sport-Club also WSC) is a football club which plays in Austria.

History
The club was formed in 1883 and is one of the oldest footballclubs in Austria. The coulors are black and white. During its long history the club had departments for fencing, boxing, wrestling, cycling, handball, track and field, field hockey, tennis, football and water polo. The footballteam reached 3 times the Austrian Championship (1922, 1958, 1959). One of the greatest successes of the team was a 7:0 victory over Juventus Turin in the 1958 European Champions Cup (now UEFA Champions League).

After 2.319 league matches and two  insolvencies in the 1990´s the club slipped to lower leagues. In 2002 the footballsection splited off and formed the Wiener Sportklub, who is currently playing in the Regionalliga Ost (3rd Division). Their homeground is the Wiener Sportclub-Platz in Viennas part Dornbach. The ground was built in 1904 and is the oldest ground in Austria, where are still matches. The northern stand of the ground is called "Friedhofstribüne" (graveyard stand) because he is just opposite the Dornbach cementery.

One of the clublegends is Erich Hof, who played from 1954 till 1969 for the club. Later he was coach of the Austrian national footballteam and three times manager of the WSC.

Honours
Austrian Champion:1922,1958,1959
Austrian Champion-runner up:1912, 1938, 1955, 1960, 1969, 1970, 1977
Austrian Cup:1923
Austrian Cup finals:1919, 1921, 1937, 1938, 1969, 1972, 1977
Wiener Stadthallenturnier(indoor tournament):1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1976

Current squad

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vienna
Wiener A.F.

Wiener A.F. is a football club which played in Austria. It quit with competition in 2004.

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vienna
Wiener A.C.

Wiener A.C. was a football club which played in Austria. It was founded in 1897. The football section of the club has a great past, but today the club only plays football outside the league system. Altogether the club played 38 seasons in Austrias first football league.

History
The football section of the club was founded on  14 October 1897. Till 1904 they won the  Challenge Cup and the Wiener Tagblatt-Pokal three times each. This were the most important trophies in Austrian football at that time. 1910 most players of the first team left the club and founded WAF. The bigest success was the championship in 1915. 

In 1928, the club reached the Austrian Cup final, losing 2–1 to SK Admira Wien. 1930/31 they won the Austrian Cup and were qualified for the Mitropa Cup. There they reached the final but lost both matches against First Vienna FC. During the occupation of Austria by Nazi-Germany they played in the Gauliga Ostmark. 1959 they won the Austrian Cup again winning against SK Rapid Wien.

In the 1960s the club formed after the relegation from the top league a union with FK Austria Wien. The club was named FK Austria/WAC Wien but soon the FK Austria took it´s old name. Therefore the name WAC vanished from Austrian football. In 1983 they started the football section again but it no longer plays in competitions.

Today the club has successful hockey and basketball teams.

Notable Players
 Rudi Hiden
 Max Leuthe
 Ernst Kaltenbrunner

Top scorers of WAC
 Johann Studnicka (Austrian League leading goalscorer in 1913 with 13 goals)
 Johann Neumann (Austrian League leading goalscorer in 1913 with 13 goals and 1914 with 25 goals)
 Leopold Deutsch (Austrian League leading goalscorer in 1915 with 12 goals)
 Friedrich "Fritz" Cejka (Austrian League leading goalscorer in 1960 with 28 goals)
 Hans Pirkner (Austrian League leading goalscorer in 1976 with 28 goals) in the joint team with Austria Wien

Honours
 3 x Challenge-Cup: 1901, 1903, 1904
 3 x Tagblatt-Pokal: 1900, 1901, 1902
 1 x Austrian Champion: 1915
 2 x Austrian Cup: 1931, 1959

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vienna
First Vienna FC

First Vienna F.C. 1894 is a football club that plays in Austria. The club, which was founded in 1894, is the oldest one in Austria and played an important part in Austria's football history. To an Austrian, the club is usually just called Vienna.

History
The club started with English and Austrian gardeners of Nathaniel Anselm von Rothschild who were playing on his grounds. To avoid damages, Rothschild gave them a ground and yellow-blue skirts. The yellow and blue colour is still used today.The team played its first match on 15 November 1894 against the Vienna Cricket and Football club, and lost 4-0. The great years of Vienna were the 1920´s and 1930´s. From 1938 to 1945, when Austria was occupied by Nazi Germany, Vienna was part of the Gauliga Ostmark and won the German Cup in 1943. In the 1940´s and 1950´s, Vienna was mainly in the middle area of the table. In the 1980´s, the club played in the first league sometimes, and sometimes in the second. In 1992 they were sent down.

The 2013/14 season was a disaster for Vienna, finishing last. The club's license for the 2014/15 season in professional football was also denied. From the 2014/15 season, Vienna had to play in the Regionalliga Ost again.

2017 Vienna was declared bankrupt due to the insolvency of the main sponsor Care-Energy. Altough they won the  Regionalliga Ost in the same year promotion was denied.  Vienna was transferred to the fifth division by court order. In the 2018/19 season, Vienna played in the 2. Landesliga Wien, the fifth level of the Austrian league system. 2018-19 Vienna finished top with 78 points from 30 games and was promoted to the fourth division, the Wiener Stadtliga. In the league they were on the top position when the league was stopped due to COVID 19 outbreak. In the 2020-21 season they finished top and were promoted to Regionalliga East (3rd level).

Stadium

The home-ground of the Vienna is the Hohe Warte Stadium. Built in 1924, it is one of the oldest still in use. In the 1920´s and 1930´s it was where matches of the Austrian national team were played. 85,000 people visited the match against Italy in 1923. The ground is in Viennas Döbling district and is constructed on the side of a hill, which makes a natural amphitheatre.

Current squad

Honours
Austrian champions (3): 1931, 1933,1955
Gauliga Ostmark(3):1942, 1943, 1944
Austrian Cup winner (3): 1929, 1930, 1937
Challenge Cup winner (2): 1899, 1900
German Cup winner: 1943
Mitropa Cup winner: 1931
Liberation Cup winner: 1946

References

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vienna