cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Mousebird

A mousebird is one of a small group of birds. They are not closely related to other groups of birds. Though they and the parrots and cockatoos (Psittaciformes) may be closer to each other than to other birds. The mousebirds are given order status as Coliiformes. This group only lives in sub-Saharan Africa.  They had a wider range in prehistoric times and apparently evolved in Europe.

Description

They are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body feathers. They are typically about 10 cm in body length.  They have a long, thin, tail a further 20–24 cm in length.  They weigh 45–55 grams. They are arboreal and scurry through the leaves like rodents, in search of berries, fruit and buds. This habit, and their legs, is the reason for the group's English name. They can feed upside down. They have crests and stubby bills.

Mousebirds are very talkative.  They are found in bands of about twenty in lightly wooded country.

These birds build cup-shaped twig nests in trees, which are lined with grasses. 2–4 eggs are typically laid.

References

Birds
Aimee Mann

Aimee Mann (September 8 1960, Richmond, Virginia) is an American singer-songwriter. She has teamed up with many pop rock bands. She is known for singing with the group 'Til Tuesday in the 1980s, with many hit songs.

Mann married musician Michael Penn in 1997.

American singer-songwriters
People from Richmond, Virginia
Singers from Virginia
1960 births
Living people
Nikki Reed

Nicole "Nikki" Reed (born May 17 1988) is an American movie actress. She has been featured mostly in independent movies. She was first brought to fame in 2003 with Thirteen.

Reed was born in Los Angeles, California. She is of Ashkenazi Jewish, Cherokee Native American, English, French, German, Irish, Italian, Scottish, Swiss and Welsh descent.

References

Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American child actors
Jewish American actors
Native American people
1988 births
Living people
Celera

Celera is a corporation registered in California, U.S.A. It was founded to discover and sell information about DNA sequence analysis, especially the human genome. The company is now wholly owned by Quest Diagnostics, a corporation which runs clinical laboratory services.

Celera's first president, Craig Venter and Hamilton Smith were in charge of the original science. There was competition between Celera and the publicly funded Human Genome Project, which got much comment. Eventually, they agreed on a certain amount of co-operation.

References 

Genetics
Companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Alameda, California
1998 establishments in California
Genomics

Genomics is the part of genetics which studies the genomes of organisms. This includes the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping. The field also includes studies of genes working together. Examples are heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome.

Genomics applies recombinant DNA, DNA sequencing methods, and bioinformatics to sequence, assemble, and analyze the function and structure of genomes. This is the complete set of DNA within a single cell of an organism).  In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes unless it involves the entire genome.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency has a somewhat broader definition:
"The term "genomics" encompasses a broader scope of scientific inquiry associated technologies than when genomics was initially considered. A genome is the sum total of all an individual organism's genes. Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue, at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome) levels".

References 

Branches of genetics
Warrior (wrestler)

Warrior (born James Brian Hellwig; June 16, 1959 – April 8, 2014)) was an American professional wrestler. Hellshaw legally changed his name to Warrior in 2002. He was the biggest star of the 1990s. His career had a boost when he defeated Hulk Hogan at WrestleMania VI, and it was also Hulk Hogan's first Wrestlemania loss, firstly before defeated by The Rock at WrestleMania X8.

Warrior died of a heart attack on the afternoon of April 8, 2014 at 54 years old, 3 days after being inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame and less than a day after cutting a promo on Raw.

Less than 24 hours before he died, Warrior gave a speech to the fans and wrestlers, past and present, in his Ultimate Warrior character. During the speech he said:
"No WWE talent becomes a legend on their own. Every man's heart one day beats its final beat. His lungs breathe their final breath. And if what that man did in his life makes the blood pulse through the body of others and makes them believe deeper in something larger than life then his essence, his spirit, will be immortalized. By the story tellers, by the loyalty, by the memory of those who honor him and make the running the man did live forever. You, you, you, you, you, you are the legend makers of Ultimate Warrior. In the back I see many potential legends. Some of them with warrior spirits. And you will do the same for them. You will decide if they lived with the passion and intensity. So much so that you will tell your stories and you will make them legends, as well. I am Ultimate Warrior. You are the Ultimate Warrior fans. And the spirit of the Ultimate Warrior will run forever!"

Early life
Warrior was born as James Brian Hellwig (though changed name to Hellshaw in 1969). He was the eldest of five children and was raised by his mother (along with, later, his stepfather) after his father left his family when young James was 12. He spent a year at Indiana State University. It was also during this time he began to compete in amateur bodybuilding.He started competing in a number of NPC contests there on.

Career
Hellshaw debuted as the Dingo Warrior in 1985.

References

Other websites
Official website
WWE profile

1957 births
2014 deaths
American professional wrestlers
Bodybuilders
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Sportspeople from Indiana
WWE Hall of Fame
Carcharhiniformes

Carcharhiniformes is the largest order of sharks. Also known as Ground sharks or Whaler sharks, this group contains over 270 species of shark. It includes some common ones like the Blue shark, Bull shark, Tiger shark and the hammerhead sharks.

Ground sharks have a special membrane which protects their eyes when needed. They have two dorsal fins, an anal fin, and five gill slits.

Ground sharks are found in open oceans, seas, estuaries, and brackish waters.

Families
thumb|right|250px|A Tiger shark 
thumb|right|250px|A Blue shark 
thumb|right|250px|A Bull shark 
thumb|right|250px|A Great hammerhead shark 
There are eight families in this order:
 Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
 Hemigaleidae (Weasel sharks)
 Leptochariidae (Barbeled houndsharks)
 Proscylliidae (Finback cat sharks)
 Pseudotriakidae (False cat sharks)
 Scyliorhinidae (Cat sharks)
 Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead sharks)
 Triakidae (Hound sharks)

References
 

Sharks
2012 Summer Paralympics

The 2012 Summer Paralympic Games, the fourteenth Summer Paralympic Games, took place in London, England, United Kingdom. 4,237 athletes from 164 countries were at the Games.  People with these types of disabilities competed at the games: spinal injury, amputee, blindness, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and Les Autres. It is the second sport event held in the United Kingdom after the 2012 Summer Olympics.  Growing interest in Paralympic sport worldwide and Great Britain's success during the recent Summer Olympics made more people want tickets than ever before, breaking many sales records.

References

2012 Summer Paralympics
2012 in sports
2012 in London
The Feminine Mystique

The Feminine Mystique is a book by Betty Friedan first published in 1963. It is often credited with starting the second-wave feminism in the United States. In the book, Friedan conducts a number of interviews with classmates, and finds that many of them were unhappy with their lives as housewives. Friedan had wanted to publish an article about housewives who were unhappy with their role, but no magazine would publish the article. The book has sold more than three million copies.

References

1963 books
Feminism
History of the United States
Pulitzer Prize winners
Abdullah of Saudi Arabia

Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al Saud, ( ) (1  August 1924 – 23 January 2015) was the King of Saudi Arabia from 1 August 2005 until his death in 23 January 2015. He became king upon the death of his half-brother, King Fahd. He was the tenth son of Ibn Saud.

Abdullah died from complications of pneumonia at the age of 90. His half-brother Salman took his place as king.

References 

1924 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Saudi Arabia
Kings of Saudi Arabia
Knights of the Golden Fleece
Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
George Martin (American actor)

George Martin (August 15, 1929 – June 1, 2010) was an American television, stage, and movie actor who is known for his role as the hotel receptionest in Léon: The Professional. 

Martin was nominated for a Tony Award in 1983. He has also founded the Air-Edel Recording Studios in 1969. He was born on August 15, 1929 in New York City, New York. Martin died on June 1, 2010 in his home in Providence, Rhode Island, aged 80.

References

1929 births
2010 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
George Martin (Spanish actor)

George Martin (born 1937 in Barcelona, Spain) is a Spanish director, producer, and movie actor. He is known for his roles in the Italian 3 Supermen series and for other parts in Spaghetti Westerns and Italian exploitation movies.

References

Other websites

1937 births
Living people
Entertainers from Barcelona
Spanish movie actors
Spanish movie directors
Spanish movie producers
Spanish screenwriters
Writers from Barcelona
Jorge Lavat

Jorge Lavat Bayona (August 3, 1933 – September 14, 2011) was a Mexican movie and television actor. He is mostly known for his last role as Don Julio in the soap opera Eva Luna. 

He was born in Mexico City, Mexico on August 3, 1933. He was married first to Ana María Torres until they divorced. Then he married Silvia Burgos. Again he was married to Ana María Torres and lastly to Rebeca Martínez until his death. He had four children. 

Lavat died on September 14, 2011 in Mexico City, Mexico after a lung infection after surgery. He was 78 years old.

References

Other websites

1933 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications 
Mexican television actors
Mexican movie actors
Mexican voice actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican radio actors
Actors from Mexico City
Gary Cole

Gary Michael Cole (born September 20, 1956) is an American actor and voice actor. 

Cole was born in Park Ridge, Illinois on September 20, 1956. He graduated at Illinois State University.

Cole began his acting career on stage with the Steppenwolf Theatre Company in 1985. In television, Cole had starring roles in the series Midnight Caller, American Gothic, and Crusade. In movies, Cole appeared in supporting roles in The Brady Bunch Movie, Office Space, Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story, and Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby. He provided the voice of Mayor Jones in Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated.

Personal Life
He has been married to Teddi Siddall since 1992. They have a daughter. On June 19, 2017, the couple announced they were divorcing. Cole is an active Democrat.

References

Other websites

 
 

1956 births
Living people
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
People from Park Ridge, Illinois
Charles Wright (wrestler)

Charles Wright (born May 16, 1961) is an American former professional wrestler and businessman. He is best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation from the 1990s and early 2000s. During his time there, he wrestled under the ring names Papa Shango, Kama, Kama Mustafa, The Godfather, and The Goodfather.

Championships
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #353 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.
United States Wrestling Association
USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship (two times)
World Wrestling Federation
WWF Intercontinental Championship (one time)
WWF Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Bull Buchanan)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Worst Gimmick (1992)
Worst Feud of the Year (1992) (vs. The Ultimate Warrior)
Most Embarrassing Wrestler (1992)

References

Other websites
WWE profile

1961 births
Living people
African-American wrestlers
American professional wrestlers
Businesspeople from California
Businesspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
People from Palo Alto, California
Sportspeople from California
Sportspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
James Tissot

James Tissot (real name:Jacques Joseph Tissot, 15 October 1836 – 8 August 1902) was a French painter. He is mostly known for the portraits he painted in the 1870s, in Victorian style. In later life, he often painted religious motifs.

See also
James Tissot

1836 births
1902 deaths
French painters
WASP-12b

WASP-12b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star WASP-12. It is said by NASA one of the hottest planet known, much hotter than Venus. It is extremely close to its star, about 2 million miles away from it. It is a gas giant and is bigger than Jupiter. The average temperature
there can get up to 1500 degrees Celsius. For comparison, Mercury in our solar system's average temperature is around 427 degrees Celsius. WASP-12b is so close to its star, that the star pulls mass from the planet creating a comet-like trail behind it.

References

Exoplanets
Legendary Pictures

Legendary Pictures, Inc. (also called Legendary Entertainment) is an American movie production company.  The parent company is based in Burbank, California and was founded by Thomas Tull in 2000. In 2005 the company made a 40-picture agreement to co-produce and co-finance with Warner Bros.

By 2011 the company was reported to have been valued at more than $1 billion. In September 2011, Chief Creative Officer Jon Jashni was appointed to the new position of President.

Legendary Comics 
In 2010, the company announced the launch of a comic book division called Legendary Comics, LLC.  It is under the direction of editor-in-chief Bob Schreck. The first graphic novel published by the company was Holy Terror by Frank Miller, which was released in 2011.

Legendary Television 
In 2011, the company announced the creation of Legendary Television, LLC. The division was headed by Jeremy Elice and a co-financing contract with Warner Bros. Television was signed. In 2012, Legendary decided to delay its expansion into television and shut down the division. The contract with Warner Bros. was ended and Elice left the company.

Filmography 
Legendary Entertainment has co-produced 24 feature movies. The box office column shows the worldwide gross for the theatrical release of the movie in United States dollars.

Released

In production

In development

References 

American entertainment companies
Companies based in Burbank, California
Blue Sky Studios

Blue Sky Studios was an American CGI-animation studio. It is owned by Pixar locating in Greenwich, Connecticut. In addition to their feature-length animated movies, Blue Sky has worked on many high-profile movies, primarily in combining live-action with computer-generated animation.

Filmography

Feature movies
Released movies

Television specials
Ice Age: A Mammoth Christmas

Short movies 
 Bunny (1998)
 Aunt Fanny's Tour of Booty (2002)
 Surviving Sid (2005)
 Gone Nutty (2009)
 No Time for Nuts (2009)
 Umbrellacorn (2013)
 Cosmic Scrat-tastrophe (2015)
 Scrat: Spaced Out (2016)

2019–2021: Disney acquisition and closure
Ownership of Blue Sky Studios was assumed by The Walt Disney Company as part of their 2019 acquisition of 21st Century Fox, which concluded on March 20, 2019. On March 21, Disney announced that Blue Sky Studios and its parent company 20th Century Fox Animation (now 20th Century Animation) would be integrated as units within the Walt Disney Studios with co-presidents Andrea Miloro and Robert Baird continuing to lead the studio, while reporting to Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn. In July 2019, Miloro announced that she would be stepping down from her role as co-president, thus leaving Baird as sole president.

In August 2019, former Walt Disney Animation Studios head Andrew Millstein was named as co-president of Blue Sky Studios alongside Baird, while Pixar Animation Studios president Jim Morris would also be taking a supervising role.

On February 9, 2021, Disney announced that it was closing Blue Sky Studios in April 2021. The company explained that in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic's continued economic impact on all of its businesses, it was no longer sustainable for them to run a third feature animation studio. In addition, production on a film adaptation of the webcomic Nimona, originally scheduled to be released on January 14, 2022, was cancelled as a result of its closure. The studio's film library and intellectual properties are retained by Disney. Although Disney did not give an exact date as to when the studio would be closing down initially, former animator Rick Fournier confirmed on April 10 it was their last day of operation, three days after co-founder Chris Wedge released a farewell letter on social media.

Blue Sky Studios' website redirects to Disney.com.

References

American animation studios
Greenwich, Connecticut
Companies based in Connecticut
1987 establishments in the United States
Text to speech

Text to speech (TTS) is the use of software to create an audio output in the form of a spoken voice.  The program that is used by programs to change text on the page to an audio output of the spoken voice is normally a text to speech engine. TTS engines are needed for an audio output of machine translation results.

Other websites
Intelligent Speaker: browser extension

Text To Speech  Online Text To Speech Multilanguage .
Physics-based voice synthesis, at University of Brasilia.
Google text to speech downloader

Software
Language
Abergavenny fireworks display

The Abergavenny fireworks display is an annual organized fireworks display. It is held each year on Guy Fawkes Night (November 5) in Abergavenny, Wales.

The event takes place in Belgrave Park. It has been running each year since about 1968.

The event is run and organized by the local social networking group Abergavenny and District Round Table, which is one of the hundreds of branches in the UK of the Round Table (club). It is a non profit event with all proceeds being distributed to charity’s and good courses, primarily in and around the Abergavenny area. Some of the those to have benefited from monies raised from the Abergavenny fireworks display include:  Abergavenny Scouts, Crickhowell Scouts, Jigsaw community project, Llanbedr Village Thai Boxing, Mardy Juniors Football, RTB Ebbw Vale Junior AFC Club, a fuller list is on the Abergavenny and District web site.

History

The Abergavenny fireworks display was originally started to provide a display for the children’s home in c1965 it moved to its current location of Belgrave park in c1968 as the fireworks could be seen from the nearby Nevill hall hospital, the fireworks display has been put on every year since, up to the present.

Poster competition

A competition is held with the help of the local schools to design a poster for the Abergavenny fireworks display. The posters are used as part of the advertising of the event. The 2011 winners were unveiled on the front page on the Abergavenny Chronicle. With the winners and their class mates receiving child entrance tickets to the fireworks display, and the school receiving a donation.

References

Other websites
Abergavenny fireworks website 
Abergavenny and District Round Table website

Welsh culture
Pyrotechnics
Leszek Drogosz

Leszek Melchior Drogosz (January 6, 1933 – September 7, 2012) was a Polish boxer and actor. He won a bronze medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Other websites 

Boxers
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists
Polish movie actors
Polish sportspeople
1933 births
2012 deaths
Saigon River

The Saigon River () is a river in Vietnam. It begins at Lake Dau Tieng (in its water-catchment area) near the country of Cambodia.

The river flows south and south-southeast for about . Most of the rivers in the Mekong Delta region have a water-table and canal connection. The system of rivers and canals for southern Vietnam help with water transport for commercial activities. The water supplies many businesses and agricultural (farm) operations.

The Saigon River has a river port at Ho Chi Minh City. It ends just after the Phu My Bridge (). The Saigon River ends by meeting another two rivers, the Nha Be and Dong Nai rivers. The lower end of the river is on the flood plain, and is therefore subject to tide change from the sea and delta. Ho Chi Minh City regularly floods (in  areas that get a lot of floods) with either tidewater or rainwater.

The river system has many fish. Recently the government released native fish to improve the population. Fish, shrimp, and snails are popular for farming.

References

Rivers of Vietnam
Avemetatarsalia

Avemetatarsalia (meaning "bird toes") is a clade name established in 1999 for all crown group archosaurs that are closer to birds than to crocodiles. An alternate name is Panaves, or "all birds", meaning all animals, living or extinct, which are more closely related to birds than to crocodiles.

Members of this group are basically the dinosaurs (including birds), the pterosaurs, and some earlier animals which are a bit difficult to place. They are one wing of the Archosaurs, the other being the Crurotarsi.

Origin
Bird-line archosaurs appear in the fossil record early in the Middle Triassic about 245 million years ago (mya), with the dinosaur-like Asilisaurus. However, Lower Triassic fossil footprints reported in 2010 from Poland may belong to a still more primitive type. If so, the origin of avemetatarsalians would be pushed back to around 249 mya. The oldest Polish footprints were made by an unknown small quadrupedal animal, but slightly later footprints show that moderately large bipedal dinosauromorphs had appeared by 246 mya.

The Permian-Triassic extinction event is dated at about 250 mya. The TriassicJurassic junction is about 200 mya. The age of the footprints suggests that the rise of the dinosaurs was slow and drawn out across much of the Triassic.

Archosaur clades:
 Avemetatarsalia
 †Pterosauria
 Dinosauria
 Crurotarsi: The crocodile line of crown-group Archosauria
 †Phytosauria: semi-aquatic long-snouted types
 †Aetosauria: quadrupedal armoured herbivores
 †Ornithosuchidae: look rather like dinosaurs
 Crocodylomorpha (Crocodilia and their ancestors)
 †Rauisuchia ? uncertain group, includes some large-bodied quadrupedal predators

References

Archosaurs
Sphyrna

Sphyrna is one of the two genera in the Hammerhead shark group, and is the largest genera out of the two, with eight members in it. The word Sphyrna is a Greek word meaning "hammer", which refers to the shape of the shark's head.

Description
Members in the Sphyrna group measure in size from the Scoophead,  which is 100 centimeters (1 meter) long, to the Great hammerhead shark, which is 610 centimeters (6.1 meters) long. The Smalleye Hammerhead Shark weighs around 9 kg, and the Great hammerhead shark weighs about 230 kg. Members of this group are usually light grey or brownish grey in colour with a tint of green, and have a white belly.

Feeding
Members of the Sphyrna group's favourite type of food are stingrays. But they also eat crustaceans like blue crabs and shrimp, molluscs like octopuses and squids, many types of fish like sardines and herrings, and other types of sharks. When they can not find food they start eating each other, but the Great hammerhead shark is known to eat its own young.

Reproduction
Members of this group are mainly viviparous, but in 2007, a bonnethead was found to be capable of asexual reproduction. They give birth to around 12-40 young at a time. Once they are born, young ones come together in groups, and swim towards warmer waters. They then stay together in groups until they are older and big enough to live on their own. They live for around 20–30 years.

Species
 Scalloped Bonnethead, Sphyrna corona
 Whitefin Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna couardi
 Scalloped Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna lewini
 Scoophead, Sphyrna media
 Great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran
 Bonnethead, Sphyrna tiburo
 Smalleye Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna tudes
 Smooth Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna zygaena

References
  Species of Sphyrna
  Sphyrna media
  FLMNH- Great hammerhead shark 
  Golden Hammerhead

Sharks
Mito, Ibaraki

is the capital city of Ibaraki Prefecture in Japan.

It has been recognized as a special city since 2001.

History
Mito was a major center of historical and philosophical studies during the Edo period.

References

Other websites

 Mito City website 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Ibaraki Prefecture
Michael Tolan

Michael Tolan (born Seymour Tuchow; November 27, 1925 – January 31, 2011) was an American movie, stage, and television actor. His first role was in The Enforcer. He appeared in Fort Worth, The Greatest Story Ever Told, Presumed Innocent, and Decoy. 

Tolan was born in Detroit, Michigan on November 27, 1925. He was educated at Wayne State University and at Staford University. He was married to Carol Hume until they divorced. He was married to Rosemary Forsyth from 1966 until they divorced in 1975. He was partners with Donna Peck until his death. He had two children with Hume and one with Forsyth. 

He died on January 31, 2011 in Hudson, New York from kidney failure. He was 85 years old.

References

Other websites

1925 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
Utsunomiya, Tochigi

is a Japanese city in Tochigi Prefecture on the island of Honshu It is the capital city of the prefecture. It has been recognized as a core city since 1996.

References

Other websites
 
 Utsunomiya City website 

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Tochigi Prefecture
Frances Bay

Frances Bay (Frances Goffman January 23, 1919 – September 15, 2011) was a Canadian movie, television, and stage actress who started her career when she was 50 and is known for her role as Grandma Gilmore in Happy Gilmore.

She was born in Mannville, Alberta, Canada on January 23, 1919. Her father was a Ukrainian Jewish immigrant. She was raised in Dauphin, Manitoba, Canada. She was married to Charles Bay from 1946 until his death in 2002. They had a son Eli Joshua Bay who died before them. Bay was in a car crash and had a leg amputated in 2002, after her husband's death.

Bay died on September 15, 2011 in Tarzana, California by her home in Los Angeles, California from pneumonia, she was 92 years old.

References

Other websites
 

1919 births
2011 deaths
Actors from Alberta
Actors from Manitoba
Canadian movie actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian television actors
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
Jack Mercer

Jack Mercer (January 13, 1910 – December 4, 1984) was an American movie, television, voice, and stage actor, storyman, and animator who is known for his voice role as Popeye.

He was born in New York City, New York on January 13, 1910. He was married to Margie Hines from 1939 to 1942. Then to Virginia Mercer until his death in 1984, he had no children.

He died in Queens, New York from stomach cancer on December 4, 1984, he was 74 years old.

References

Other websites
  
 
 Biography --"He Am What He Am!--Jack Mercer, the Voice of Popeye" by Fred M. Grandinetti
 1939 publicity photo of Mercer and Hines announcing their marriage

1910 births
1984 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Margie Hines

Margie Hines (Margret Hines October 1, 1909 – 1985) was an American movie, stage, voice, and television actress. She is known for her voice role as Olive Oyl in Popeye and as Betty Boop. She was born in New York City, New York on October 1, 1909. She was married to Jack Mercer from 1939 until they divorced in 1942.

References

Other websites
 

1909 births
1985 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
American centenarians
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Shinjuku

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The administration center of the government of Tokyo Prefecture is in Shinjuku. Also in Shinjuku is the biggest railway station in the world, Shinjuku Station.

History
On 15 March 1947, the ward of Shinjuku was formed by combining the wards of Ushigome, Yodobashi, and Yotsuya.

In 1991, the Tokyo Government moved from the Marunouchi district of Chiyoda to the current building in Shinjuku.

Geography
Surrounding Shinjuku are six other wards: Chiyoda to the east; Bunkyo and Toshima to the north; Nakano to the west, and Shibuya and Minato to the south.

References

Other websites

 http://www.city.shinjuku.tokyo.jp/foreign/english/ ; 

Wards of Tokyo
Settlements in Tokyo Prefecture
1947 establishments in Japan
Mae Questel

Mae Questel (Mae Kwestel September 13, 1908 – January 4, 1998) was an American movie, television, stage, and voice actress who is known for her voice role as Betty Boop. And as Aunt Bethany in the Comedy/Slapstick show National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation

She was born in New York City, New York and was educated at Columbia University. She was married to Leo Balkin from 1930 until they divorced. Then she married Jack E. Shelby from 1970 until his death. She had 2 children. She died in Manhattan, New York City, from Alzheimer's disease, she was 89 years old.

References

Other websites

1908 births
1998 deaths
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in New York
Nikkō, Tochigi

is a Japanese city in the mountains of Tochigi Prefecture.

History 
The Shinto shrine of Nikkō Tōshō-gū was completed in 1617. It is the burial place of Tokugawa Ieyasu.   

The shrines and temples of Nikkō have been recongized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Related pages 
 List of World Heritage Sites in Japan

References

Other websites 

 Nikkō City website  in English
 Shrines and Temples of Nikkō  

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Tochigi Prefecture
World Heritage Sites in Japan
Methyl benzoate

Methyl benzoate is an organic compound.  It has the chemical formula C6H5CO2CH3.  It is a colorless liquid that is poorly soluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents.

Organic compounds
Gottlob Frege

Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (8 November 1848 – 26 July 1925) was a German mathematician and philosopher. Today, he is remembered for the work he did in mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics. He is generally considered to be the father of analytic philosophy, for his writings on the philosophy of language and mathematics.  When he published his works, they were mostly ignored by others of his time.  Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932) and Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) introduced his work to later generations of logicians and philosophers.

Writings
An overview of Frege's writings  including  English translations, at the university of Berkeley.

1848 births
1925 deaths
German mathematicians
German philosophers
Quad Cities

The Quad Cities is a group of five cities along the Mississippi River in the states of Iowa and Illinois. The five cities are Davenport, Iowa, Bettendorf, Iowa, Moline, Illinois, East Moline, Illinois, and Rock Island, Illinois. The largest of these cities is Davenport. Nearly 400,000 people live in the area.

The name "Quad Cities"
The name "Quad Cities" can be confusing because "quad" means four. People began calling the area the Quad Cities in the 1960s, before Bettendorf was large enough to be considered a "city". By the time Bettendorf was large enough, people were so used to the name "Quad Cities" that they decided to keep it. (Even earlier, the area had been called the "Tri-Cities", before East Moline became large enough to be considered a city.)

Economy
The manufacturing, or making, of goods is a big part of the economy in the Quad Cities. Military equipment, such as weapons and armor, are made at the Rock Island Arsenal. John Deere & Company, which makes farm equipment, is in Moline.

References

Cities in Iowa
Cities in Illinois
PSY

Park Jae-Sang (Hangul: 박재상; born December 31, 1977) is a South Korean rapper. He is mainly known by his stage name, Psy (Hangul: 싸이). His 2012 single "Gangnam Style" was a surprise viral hit. Before its popularity he was little known outside South Korea. Psy performed "Gangnam Style" on the American show Saturday Night Live.

Discography

Albums

Singles

Other websites 

 Official website

1977 births
Living people
Pop musicians
Rap musicians
South Korean singers
People from Seoul
Night Riviera

The Night Riviera is a sleeper train operated by First Great Western. It is one of only two sleeper trains on the railway in Great Britain (the other being the Caledonian Sleeper). It runs two trains per night, six days a week (Sun-Fri) between London Paddington and Penzance, with one train departing in each direction.

Train operating companies
John Nolan (actor)

John Nolan (born May 22, 1938) is a British movie and television actor who is known for his role as a Wayne Enterprises board member Douglas Fredericks in Batman Begins and The Dark Knight Rises. He was born in London, England and is married to Kim Hartman since 1975. He has two sons and a daughter. He is the uncle to Christopher Nolan and Jonathan Nolan.

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
Living people
English movie actors
English television actors
Christopher Nolan
Actors from London
Mark Boone Junior

Mark Boone Junior (born Mark Heidrich March 17, 1956) is an American television and movie actor. He is known for his roles in Memento and in Batman Begins as Detective Flass. He played Bobby Munson in Sons of Anarchy. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois.

References

Other websites

1955 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Ohio
Actors from Chicago
Eric Roberts

Eric Anthony Roberts (born April 18, 1956) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles in King of the Gypsies and Paul's Case. He is also known for playing a Gotham Gangster Salvator Maroni in The Dark Knight. He was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards and one Academy Award.

Early life
Roberts was born in Biloxi, Mississippi. His parents, Betty Lou (née Bredemus) and Walter Grady Roberts, one-time actors and playwrights, met while performing theatrical productions for the armed forces. They later co-founded the Atlanta Actors and Writers Workshop in Atlanta, Georgia off of Juniper Street in Midtown. Roberts' mother filed for divorce in 1971 and it was finalized early in 1972. His younger siblings, Julia Roberts (from whom he was estranged until 2004) and Lisa Roberts Gillan, are also actors. His mother married Michael Motes and had daughter Nancy Motes in 1976. Roberts is of English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, German, and Swedish ancestry. Roberts was raised in Atlanta, Georgia. He studied at Henry W. Grady High School.

Personal life
He was sued two times, one for drug related problems and the other for slamming his wife into a wall. All charges were later dropped.

He is a vegan and supporter of animal rights.

Marriage and family
Roberts is currently married to Eliza Garret since 1992; they have a son and a daughter. He also has a daughter from an earlier relationship with Kelly Cunningham, Emma Roberts. He is the brother of Julia Roberts and Lisa Roberts Gillan.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1956 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Mississippi
Actors from Atlanta, Georgia
People from Biloxi, Mississippi
Lisa Roberts Gillan

Lisa Roberts Gillan (born Lisa Roberts; January 1, 1965) is an American actress. She is the sister of actors Eric Roberts and Julia Roberts, and the aunt of actress Emma Roberts.
She is married to Tony Gillan.

Early life
Roberts was born in Decatur, Georgia. Her mother, Betty Lou Motes (nee Bredemus), was a one-time church secretary and real estate agent, and her father, Walter Grady Roberts, was a vacuum cleaner salesman. Roberts's parents, one-time actors and playwrights, met while performing theatrical productions for the armed forces and later co-founded the Atlanta Actors and Writers Workshop in Atlanta, Georgia off Juniper Street in Midtown; the two divorced in 1971. Her mother later married Michael Motes and had a daughter, named Nancy Motes, who was born in 1976. Roberts's father died of cancer when she was ten.

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
American movie actors
American movie producers
Actors from Atlanta, Georgia
People from Decatur, Georgia
Charles Cyphers

Charles Cyphers (born July 28, 1939) is an American movie, television, and stage actor who is known for his role as Sheriff Leigh Brackett in Halloween (1978) and Halloween Kills (2021). He was born Niagara Falls, New York on July 28, 1939. His career started in the 1970s.

Other websites

1939 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York
Brad Dourif

Bradford Claude Thomas Dourif (; born March 18, 1950) is an American character actor. He was nominated for an Oscar, and won a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for his supporting role as Billy Bibbit in the film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975). He is also known for his roles as Charles Lee Ray and the voice of Chucky in the Child's Play franchise (1988–2017), and Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings series (2002–2003).

Dourif's other film roles include Wise Blood (1979), Dune (1984), Blue Velvet (1986), Mississippi Burning (1988), The Exorcist III (1990) and Alien Resurrection (1997). He also appeared in many television series, notably Deadwood (2004–2006, 2019), for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination.

Personal Life
Dourif has three children, two daughters: Kristina / Christina Dourif, born c. 1976, actress Fiona Dourif, born c. 1981, and one son: Thomas, born c. 1984 with his late wife Jonina Dourif,whose name sometimes appears in media as Janet.

References

Other websites

 
 
 

1950 births
Living people
Child's Play (franchise)
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from West Virginia
BAFTA Award winning actors
Guillermo del Toro

Guillermo del Toro (born October 9, 1964) is a Mexican movie director, screenwriter, author, and producer who is known for directing Pan's Labyrinth, Hellboy II: The Golden Army and The Shape of Water. He known for his fiction or fantasy movies. He is also known for his monster movies. He won a Golden Globe, BAFTA Award, Satellite Award and an Academy Award in 2018.

He is also close friends with fellow Mexican filmmakers Alfonso Cuarón and Alejandro G. Iñárritu, collectively known as "The Three Amigos of Cinema".

He was born on October 9, 1964 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.  He was married to Lorenza Newton from 1986 until they divorced in 2017 and they have two children. He lives in Agoura Hills, California. He has won a British Academy Film Award and a Saturn Award.

References

Other websites

 
 

Academy Award winning directors
Golden Globe Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning directors
Satellite Award winners
1964 births
Living people
People from Guadalajara
Mexican screenwriters
Mexican movie directors
Mexican movie producers
Saturn Award winners
Crain Communications Building

Crain Communications Building, formerly known as Smurfit-Stone Building and Stone Container Building, is a small skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois constructed in 1983 and finished in 1984. The building is 582 feet (177 meters) and 41 stories tall. It is well known for the diamond shape upon the top of the building. The diamond shaped facade is also known to occasionally sport worded slogans at night, such as "GO BEARS" or "GO CUBS."

The design of the south east corner of the building features a prominent vertical slit from the ground, through the diamond shaped facade, and to the top of the building. It is because of this that some theorize the building was deliberately designed this way (resembling a woman's vulva) to antithesize the often "male-featured" inspiration behind most skyscrapers. This, however, was later debunked by the architect to be a mere coincidence.

The building has appeared in Transformers: Dark of the Moon (2011).

References

Other websites

Skyscrapers in Chicago
1984 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
James R. Thompson Center

The James R. Thompson Center is a dome shaped building that is about 93 meters to the top of the building. It is a building of house offices of the state of Illinois. The center was named after Governor James R. Thompson in 1993. It opened in 1985. It is located in Chicago, Illinois. 

In 2015, and again in 2017, Governor Bruce Rauner also proposed selling the property, and a legislative committee to explore his request was announced by Democratic House Speaker Michael Madigan in February 2017.

On February 13, 2018, Chicago Police Commander Paul Bauer was shot and killed by Shomari Legghetti, while Bauer was perusing a suspected outside of the Thompson Center.

References

Other websites
 Commerce, Culture, & State Offices Under Glass
 Commerce, Culture, & State Offices Under Glass
 James R. Thompson Center
 New York Times Travel Guide Chicago James R. Thompson Center
 Emporis.com page
 Google Maps page

Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
1985 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Richard J. Daley Center

The Richard J. Daley Center or The Daley Center is a civic center in the city of Chicago, Illinois. The center is named after Mayor Richard J. Daley. The building is 648 feet (198 meters) 30 store building. The Daley Center was opened in 1965. The center has a sculpture, Chicago Picasso made by Pablo Picasso.

References

Other websites
 City of Chicago 
 Cook County
 Richard J. Daley Center on Emporis
 Daley Plaza Eternal Flame

Skyscrapers in Chicago
1965 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Illinois
Richard Hamilton (actor)

Richard Hamilton (December 31, 1920 – December 21, 2004) was an American movie, television, and stage actor who is known for his role as Agent D in Men in Black (1997). 

Hamilton was born on December 31, 1920 in Chicago, Illinois. He was married to Marilyn Morgan Hamilton until his death in 2004. Hamilton died on December 21, 2004 in New York City, New York from natural causes, he was 83 years old.

References

Other websites

1920 births
2004 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Chicago
Thurl Ravenscroft

Thurl Arthur Ravenscroft (February 6, 1914 – May 22, 2005) was an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor, and singer who is known for his voice roles as Kirby in The Brave Little Toaster Movie Series and as Tony the Tiger. 

He was born on February 6, 1914 in Norfolk, Nebraska. Ravenscroft was educated at Otis College of Art and Design. He was married to June Ravenscroft from 1946 until her death in 1999, they had two chidren. Ravenscroft died on May 22, 2005 in Fullerton, California from prostate cancer, he was 91 years old.

References

Other websites

1914 births
2005 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
singers from Nebraska
Actors from Nebraska
Northeast Greenland National Park

Northeast Greenland National Park is a national park in Greenland, Denmark. It is the largest national park in the world, with an area of . This makes the park larger than most countries. It would place 31st if it were a country, just behind Egypt. It is the only national park in Greenland, and the most northerly national park in the world. Its most northerly point reaches slightly further than the most northerly point in Quttinirpaaq National Park in Canada.

History

The park was first created on 22 May 1974.  It came from the northern, practically uninhabited part of the former Ittoqqortoormiit Municipality in Tunu (East Greenland). In 1988 the park was expanded by another  to its present size.  This was by adding the northeastern part of the former county of Avannaa (North Greenland). In January 1977 it was made an international biosphere reserve.

Fauna

An estimated 5,000 to 15,000 musk oxen, as well as many polar bears and walrus, can be found near the coastal regions of the park. This is claimed to be 40% of the world population of musk ox. Other mammals include arctic fox, stoat, collared lemming and arctic hare. Other marine mammals include ringed seal, bearded seal, harp seal and hooded seal as well as narwhal and Beluga whale.

Species of birds which breed in the park include great northern diver, barnacle goose, pink-footed goose, common eider, king eider, gyrfalcon, snowy owl, sanderling, ptarmigan and raven.

Other sites

References

National parks in North America
Biosphere reserves
Geography of Greenland
Bearded seal

The bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), also called the square flipper seal, is a medium-sized pinniped.  It is found in and near to the Arctic Ocean.

Fossils indicate that, during the Pleistocene epoch, bearded seals went as far south as South Carolina.

Description
Features of this earless seal include square front flippers and thick bristles on its muzzle. Adults are greyish-brown in colour, darker on the back. Occasionally the face and neck are reddish-brown. Bearded seal pups are born with a greyish-brown fur with scattered patches of white on the back and head. The bearded seal is unique in the subfamily Phocinae in having two pairs of teats.  This is a feature it shares with monk seals.

Bearded seals are about  to  in nose-to-tail length.  They are  to  in weight. Both sexes are about the same size.

Bearded seals are a main food source for polar bears and for the Inuit of the Arctic coast. The body fat content of a bearded seal is 30–40%.

Hunting and Diet
Bearded seals feed on a variety of small prey found along the ocean floor, including clams, squid, and fish. Their whiskers serve as feelers in the soft bottom sediments. Adults tend not to dive very deep.  They like shallow coastal areas no more than  deep. Pups up to one year old will venture much deeper, diving as deep as .

Reproduction and Lifecycle

Bearded seals give birth in the spring. In the Canadian Arctic, seal pupping is in May. Further south, in Alaska, most pups are born in late April. Pups are born on small drifting ice floes in shallow waters. They usual weigh around 30–40 kg. They enter the water only hours after they are born, and quickly become very good divers. Mothers care for the pups for 18–24 days.  During this time the pups grow at an average rate of 3.3 kg per day. Pups consume an average of eight liters of milk a day. By the time they are weaned, the pups have grown to about one hundred kilograms.

Just before the pups are weaned, a new mating cycle takes place. Females ovulate at the end of their lactation period, but stay close to their pups, ready to defend them if necessary. During the mating season, male seals will "sing". This sound may attract females, or may be used by the males to say what territory is theirs or their readiness for breeding. Males live in the same areas from one year to the next.

References

Pinnipeds
Mammals of Great Britain