cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
2015 United Kingdom general election

The United Kingdom general election of 2015 elected the 56th Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was held on 7 May 2015. The three main political parties after the election are the Conservatives, the Labour Party and the Scottish National Party. The Conservative Party won enough seats to form the government.

Voting took place in all 650 parliamentary constituencies of the United Kingdom, each electing one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons, the lower house of Parliament. Local elections also took place in most of England on the same day, but not Greater London.

Results
330 Conservative Party MPs were elected (up 28)
232 Labour Party MPs were elected (down 24)
8 Liberal Democrat MPs were elected (down 48)
56 Scottish National Party MPs were elected (up 50)
8 Democratic Unionist Party MPs were elected (up 1)
4 Sinn Féin MPs were elected (down 1)
3 Plaid Cymru MPs were elected (no change)
2 Ulster Unionist Party MPs were elected (up 2)
3 Social Democratic and Labour Party (no change)	
1 UK Independence Party MP was elected (down 1)
1 Green Party of England and Wales MP was elected (change of 0)
1 independent MP

Also, the Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow, who does not have a political party, was re-elected.

Some important Labour MPs lost their seats including the Shadow Chancellor Ed Balls and the leader of the Scottish Labour Party, Jim Murphy.

Many important Liberal Democrat MPs who had served in the coalition government also lost their seats, including business secretary Vince Cable, energy secretary Ed Davey and chief secretary to the treasury Danny Alexander.

Aftermath  
The Conservative party won 330 seats and managed to form a majority government. David Cameron continued as the Prime Minister. Miliband, Clegg and Nigel Farage all resigned as leaders of their  parties. Jim Murphy also resigned as leader of Scottish Labour.

Notes

References 

2015 elections in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom general elections
May 2015 events
Believe (Justin Bieber album)

Believe is the third studio album by Canadian pop singer, Justin Bieber. Believe was released on June 15, 2012 through Island Records.

The album peaked at #1 on the Billboard 200 on both the weekly and year-end charts. As of December 2015, Belive has sold more than 1,610,000 copies in the US. It also peaked at #1 on the Argentine, Australian, Austrian, Canadian, Croatian, Danish, Greek, Irish, Italian, Mexican, New Zealand, Norwegian, Spanish, Swedish, and UK Album charts.

On December 14, 2012, Bieber appeared on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and said that he was going to release an acoustic version of the album. He released it on January 29, 2013.

References

Other websites

2012 albums
Justin Bieber
Clinometer

A clinometer is an instrument that measures vertical slopes, usually the angle between the ground or the observer and a tall object. The name "clinometer" comes from the Greek words "κλίνω" (klino), meaning to slope or lean, and "μέτρο" (metro), meaning "to measure".
All In One 

Measuring tools
Svyatoslav Belza

Svyatoslav Igorevich Belza (Russian: Святосла́в И́горевич Бэ́лза, April 26, 1942 – June 3, 2014) was a Soviet/Russian literary and musical scholar, critic and essayist. In 1980, he became a television presenter. He presented television shows that involved classical music and ballet. He was made People's Artist of Russia.

Belza was born in Chelyabinsk, RSFSR. He died in Munich, Germany from an illness, aged 72.

References

1942 births
2014 deaths
Critics
Essayists
Russian writers
Soviet writers
Gopinath Munde

Gopinath Pandurang Munde (12 December 1949 – 3 June 2014) was an Indian politician. He served as Minister of Rural Development from 26 May 2014 until his death on 3 June 2014. He was appointed by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi. Before serving as minister, he served as Member of Lok Sabha from 2009 until his death in 2014.

Munde died in a car crash in New Delhi, aged 64.

References

1949 births
2014 deaths
Road accident deaths
Indian politicians
Civil servants
Maharashtra
Azlan Shah of Perak

Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Yussuff Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-lah, GCB, KStJ (19 April 1928 – 28 May 2014) was the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. He was the Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 26 April 1989 to 25 April 1994.  

Azlan died in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from an illness, aged 86.

References

1928 births
2014 deaths
Malaysian people
Alumni of the University of Nottingham
Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles

Pacific Palisades is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California. It has a population of 27,000 residents as of 2010. It is near Malibu, California.

Neighborhoods of Los Angeles
Felipe VI of Spain

King Felipe VI (Spanish pronunciation: [feˈlipe], baptised as Felipe Juan Pablo Alfonso de Todos los Santos de Borbón y de Grecia; born 30 January 1968) is the current King of Spain.   

Felipe was born at ORPEA Madrid Loreto in Madrid,  He is youngest child and only son of former King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía of Spain, He had two sisters Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo  and Infanta Cristina of Spain. He was baptized at Palace of Zarzuela in Madrid.   

Felipe VI has studied at Centro Privado de Enseñanza Santa María de los Rosales. He accepted his high school education at Lakefield College School, and then studied Law and Economics at Autonomous University of Madrid. After that, he studied Foreign Service at Georgetown University, 
He received military training at General Military Academy and served in the military from 1986 to 2014.  

King Feipe VI married Queen Letizia of Spain at Almudena Cathedral at 2004. They have two children together, Leonor, Princess of Asturias and Infanta Sofia of Spain. 

On 2 June 2014, King Juan Carlos I announced that he would abdicate in favour of Felipe. Felipe became king on 19 June 2014 at 0:00 CET and was named Felipe VI.

Titles and styles
30 January 1968 – 22 January 1977: His Royal Highness The Infante Felipe of Spain
22 January 1977 – 18 June 2014: His Royal Highness The Prince of Asturias
in former Crown of Aragon territories: 22 January 197719 June 2014: His Royal Highness The Prince of Girona
in former Kingdom of Navarre territories: 22 January 197719 June 2014: His Royal Highness The Prince of Viana
19 June 2014 – present: His Majesty The King

References

Notes

1968 births
Living people
Current national leaders
People from Madrid
Kings and Queens of Spain
Spanish royalty
Princes and Princesses of Asturias
Telangana

Telangana () is a state in southern India. It became the 29th state of India on 2nd June, 2014. Before that, it was part of Andhra Pradesh. It has a population of 39.12 million as per the 2017 census. Its capital is Hyderabad, being the largest city of Telangana. Hyderabad was built by Quli Qutub Shah 400 years back on the banks of river Musi, with the Charminar at its centre.  The rivers flowing through the state are Krishna, Godavari, Bhima, Manjira, Musi and Paleru. Telangana is a land locked state with Maharashtra, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh as its border states. K. Chandrashekar Rao  is the first and current Chief Minister of the state from the Telegana Rashtra Samithi (TRS). According to the data released by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India in 2018, Telegana stands first in the states with respect to the average growth rate of its own tax revenue. It has achieved an average growth rate of 13.8% during the last 4 years. It has 17 Lok Sabha seats and 119 assembly seat.

Districts
There were 10 districts in Telangana, viz. Adilabad, Hyderabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Mahaboobnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Rangareddy and Warangal, which have been expanded into 32 districts, viz. Nirmal, Komarambheem, Jegityala, Kammareddy, Pedapali, Sidipet, Hanumakonda, Jayashenkar, Sangareddy, Yadadri, Suryapet, Shamshabad, Vanaparti and Nagarkarnool among others and the old ones.

Coal reserves in Telangana were first found at Singareni in Khammam. T-Hub started by Telangana's government is the first of its kind, promoting the startups in the state. The Government Of Telegana has launched several welfare schemes such as the Amma Vodi scheme (for poor and pregnant scheme), Single Women Pension scheme and KCR kit scheme for pregnant women and new born.

Language
Telangana has its own slang of Telugu language,and is also known for its featured Telangana songs,  namely "Janapadha Geethalu".As in the culture,the state of Telangana,celebrates festivals like Bonalu, Bathukamma. Sammakka -Saralamma Jathara is the second largest festival  in India after the Kumbh And in Telangana many languages will speak like urdu,lambadi,  chenchu etc..

Related pages
Hyderabad State
Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII

References
Tallulah, Louisiana

Tallulah is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

Other websites

Cities in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Leesville, Louisiana

Leesville is the parish seat of Vernon Parish, Louisiana, United States. It has a population of 6,612.

Cities in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
DeRidder, Louisiana

DeRidder is the parish seat of Beauregard Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

Cities in Louisiana
Settlements in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Jonesboro, Louisiana

Jonesboro is a town in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of Jackson Parish.

Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in Jackson Parish, Louisiana
Lake Providence, Louisiana

Lake Providence is a town in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of East Carroll Parish.

Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in Louisiana
Karl Harris

Karl Harris (21 October 1979 – 3 June 2014) was an English motorcycle racer. He won the British Supersport Championship in 2001. In 2010, he switched to the British Superstock Championship on a GR Motorsport Aprilia. He was born in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.

Harris was killed in a racing incident on 3 June 2014 on the Isle of Man. He was 34 and died during the Isle of Man TT. His wife, Jane, outlived him.

References

Other websites

 

1979 births
2014 deaths
Deaths in sport
Road accident deaths in the United Kingdom
Sportspeople from Sheffield
Simon Andrews (motorcycle racer)

Simon Andrews (14 August 1982 – 19 May 2014) was an English motorcycle racer. He competed in the British Superbike Championship for RAF Reserves aboard a Honda CBR1000RR. He was born in Worcester, Worcestershire.

Andrews was died from head injuries he got in a racing incident on 19 May 2014 in Portrush, Northern Ireland. He was 31 and was competing in the North West 200.

References

Other websites

 

1984 births
2014 deaths
Deaths in sport
Road accident deaths in the United Kingdom
Sportspeople from Worcestershire
Worcester
Abbeville, Louisiana

Abbeville is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

Parish seats in Louisiana
Cities in Louisiana
Grambling State University

Grambling State University is a university in Grambling, Louisiana, United States. It is a historically black university.

Other websites 
 www.gram.edu Official web site
 Official athletics web site
 Tiger Marching Band web site

Colleges and universities in Louisiana
Historically black colleges and universities
Ark-La-Tex
Zalzala Koh

Zalzala Koh or Zalzala Jazeera, meaning "Earthquake Island", is a small island off the coast of the port city of Gwadar, Balochistan in south east of Pakistan. The island appeared on 24 September 2013, following an earthquake. It is believed to have been made by a mud volcano, where gas pushed up soil and mud from under the sea. The round island is about 15 m high and between 70 m and 90 m across. Gas is still escaping from cracks in the surface. Scientists believe that the island will not last for very long. Within months the level of the island had dropped by more than two metres, and it appears to be sinking backing into the sea.

References

Islands of Asia
Geography of Pakistan
Grambling, Louisiana

Grambling is a city in Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.

Cities in Louisiana
Settlements in Lincoln Parish, Louisiana
The Well of Loneliness

The Well of Loneliness is a 1928 lesbian novel by Radclyffe Hall. It was published in London by Jonathan Cape. The book was banned for violating the Obscene Publications Act of 1857. It stopped being banned in 1949, but by that time Hall was dead. It has been translated into 14 languages.

The book is about an upper-class English lesbian called Stephen Gordon. She finds love with Mary Llewellyn, whom she meets while serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. Their happiness together is spoilt by social isolation and rejection.  The novel portrays "inversion" (homosexuality) as a natural, God-given state and makes a plea: "Give us also the right to our existence".

References

1928 works
Novels
LGBT in the United Kingdom
1920s books
Catharine A. MacKinnon

Catharine Alice MacKinnon (born October 7, 1946) is an American radical feminist legal scholar and lawyer. She is Elizabeth A. Long Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School. MacKinnon has been called a "victim feminist" by Naomi Wolf. MacKinnon graduated from Yale Law School in 1977.

As a legal scholar she opposes sexual harassment and pornography.

References

1946 births
Living people
American academics
American activists
American feminist writers
Lawyers from Minneapolis
American radical feminists
Anti-pornography activists
Yale University alumni
Harvard University faculty
Sonny Bill Williams

Sonny Bill Williams is a New Zealand sportsman. He plays various sports. He has won numerous team and individual awards and titles.

Williams was born in Auckland. His father is from Samoa. His mother is a white New Zealander.

Sporting history
2004-2008: played Rugby league for Canterbury Bulldogs in the National Rugby League. Also played for the New Zealand team.
2008-2010: played Rugby union for Toulon.
2009-2013: boxed six times. He boxed as a Heavyweight. He won all his fights.
2010: played rugby for Canterbury and New Zealand.
2011: played rugby for the Crusaders and New Zealand.
2012: played rugby for the Chiefs and New Zealand. Also played rugby for Panasonic in Japan.
2013: played Rugby league for the Sydney Roosters in the NRL. Also played for the New Zealand team. 
2014: played Rugby league for the Sydney Roosters.

Sporting achievements
 2004: NRL winner with the Bulldogs. Also won RLIF International Newcomer of the Year award.
 2010: Ranfurly Shield winner with Canterbury. Also won ITM Cup with Canterbury.
 2011: Rugby World Cup winner with New Zealand. Also won Bledisloe Cup with New Zealand.
 2012: Super Rugby winner with the Chiefs. Also won Bledisloe Cup with New Zealand. Also won New Zealand Professional Boxing Association heavyweight title.
 2013: NRL winner with the Roosters. Also won WBA International heavyweight title. Also won RLIF International Player of the Year award.
 2014: World Club Challenge winner with the Roosters.

Statistics

Club rugby league

Club rugby union

National rugby league and rugby union

References

1985 births
Living people
Boxers
Converts to Islam
New Zealand rugby league players
New Zealand rugby union players
RC Toulonnais players
Sportspeople from Auckland
Karanvir Bohra

Karanvir Bohra (previously known as Manoj Bohra) is an Indian movie and television actor. He married Teejay Sidhu in 2006. Bohra appeared in Star Plus TV show Kasautii Zindagii Kay as Prem. He then played the role of Dev Kataria in the movie Kismat Konnection.
In 2012, he did a Punjabi movie with his wife Teejay Sidhu named Love Yoou Soniye. and played the lead role of Viraj Dobriyal, a psychologically disabled man who has mood swings, in the TV show Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?, in which his character was described by The Indian Express as "perhaps the most popular baddie on television". He participated in 2013 Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa Season 6. In 2014, he did a horror movie named Mumbai 125 KM and Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi with his wife Teejay Sidhu. He plays the role of Aahil Raza Ibrahim in Qubool Hai.

Life and family

Bohra was born on 28 August 1982 in Jodhpur to a Marwari family. He is the son of filmmaker Mahendra Bohra and grandson of actor-producer Ramkumar Bohra. Producer Sunil Bohra is his first cousin. He has a sister, Meenakshi. He attended G. D. Somani Memorial School, Cuffe Parade. He was student of Sydenham College, Churchgate. Bohra had received training in kathak for two years with Pandit Veeru Krishnan. Bohra married to model-VJ Teejay Sidhu at the Sri Sri Ravishankar Ashram, Bengaluru in 2006. In 2007, Bohra changed his name from Manoj to Karanvir. Earlier Bohra and his wife used to stay at Lokhandwala in Andheri, Mumbai, in 2014, he shifted to Goregaon, a locality in the Mumbai Suburban district. Bohra has been involved in cleanliness and meditation activities.

Filmography

Movies

Television

Fiction shows

Non-fiction shows

Events and other appearances

Awards

References

Other websites 

Living people
1982 births
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Television presenters
Doc Neeson

Bernard Patrick "Doc" Neeson  (4 January 1947 – 4 June 2014) was a Northern Irish-born Australian singer and musician. He was best known as the lead singer for the hard rock band The Angels. He performed also as a bass guitarist. Until his death, he had been musically active since 1971. He later formed the band Red Phoenix in May 2005.

Life
Neeson was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. When he was thirteen in 1960, his family moved to Adelaide, South Australia. He served in the Australian Army in Papua New Guinea for eighteen months in the late 1960s.

Neeson died from a brain tumour on 4 June 2014 in Sydney, New South Wales, aged 67. He had been diagnosed with cancer in January 2013.

References

Other websites

1947 births
2014 deaths
Australian guitarists
Australian military people
Australian rock singers
Australian singer-songwriters
Bass guitarists
Cancer deaths in New South Wales
Deaths from brain cancer
Musicians from Northern Ireland
Order of Australia
Musicians from Adelaide
People from Belfast
James Alan Shelton

James Alan Shelton (November 3, 1960 – June 3, 2014) was an American Bluegrass guitarist. He was a solo musician and released 10 albums. However, he also performed with Ralph Stanley's Clinch Mountain Boys, with whom he won a Grammy Award with.

Shelton was born in Church Hill, Tennessee and raised near Gate City, Virginia.

Shelton died from cancer on June 3, 2014 at a hospital in Kingsport, aged 53.

References

Other websites
 

1960 births
2014 deaths
American bluegrass musicians
American guitarists
American singer-songwriters
Cancer deaths in the United States
Musicians from Tennessee
Musicians from Virginia
Super Bowl XLII

Super Bowl XLII (or Super Bowl 42) was a Super Bowl game between the New York Giants and the New England Patriots in the National Football League (NFL) to decide who would be the NFL champion for the 2007 season. The Giants won against the Patriots 17–14. 

The game was played on February 3, 2008 at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. The win gave the Giants their third Super Bowl title and their first since the 1990 NFL season at Super Bowl XXV. Eli Manning was named the Super Bowl MVP.

The Patriots entered Super Bowl XLII as the 12-point favorites because they completed the regular season undefeated with 16 wins and no losses. The Giants had ended the season with a record of 10–6 and were trying to become the first NFC wild card team to win a Super Bowl. Super Bowl XLII is regarded as one of the biggest upsets in sports history.

The game ended with a fourth-quarter drive by the Giants to win the game. The drive featured David Tyree making a leaping one-handed catch against his helmet for a 32-yard gain and Plaxico Burress scoring the winning touchdown on a 13-yard reception with 35 seconds in the game remaining.

The Giants have stopped the Patriots perfect season run as well as stopping them from going 19-0.

References

042
2008 in sports
Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?

Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava? was an Indian serial. It aired Monday to Friday evenings on Life OK from 18 December 2011 to 18 January 2013. Ajit Thakur said that the show was intended  "to pass on a social message against domestic violence".

Plot 
A physically abusive man makes his wife's life a hell.

Cast
 Sriti Jha as Jhanvi Dobriyal / Sia Raghavendra Pratap Singh
 Karanvir Bohra as Viraj Dobriyal
 Harshad Chopra as Raghavendra Pratap Singh 
 Mala Salariya as Ananya Ghosh
 Vinay Rohrra as Rajender Khanna 
 Ram Mehar Jangra as Unniyal 
 Zubin Dutt as Sanjay Sinha 
 Sudha Chandran as Ms. Vyas 
 Mouli Dutta as Paromita Ghosh
 Jaya Ojha as Uma Sharma 
 [Sumukhi Pendsey as Gayatri Singh 
 Akanksha Juneja as Tanisha 
 Yash Ghanekar as Krish 
 Kiran Bhargava as Jhanvi's Dadi  
 Sulagna Chatterjee as Sia Sharma 
 Neha Mehta as Dr. Komal Devendra Singh 
 Natasha Rana as Geeta 
 Urvashi Dholakia as Dr. Komolika Rana 
 Fenil Umrigar as Priya Malhotra  
 Vaquar Shaikh as Shekhawat

Awards

 Indian Television Academy Awards: Best Actor in a Negative Role(Jury) - Karanvir Bohra tie up with Kanika Maheshwari

References

Other websites
 Review by DNA

Drama television series
Soap operas
2011 Indian television series debuts
2013 television series endings
Hindi-language television series
2010s disestablishments in India
Poni Adams

Betty Jane Bierce (August 7, 1918 – May 21, 2014), better known by her stage name Jane "Poni" Adams, was an American actress. Her career lasted from 1942 until 1953. Her best known role was as Nina in the movie House of Dracula (1945).

Adams was born in San Antonio, Texas. She received a full scholarship to Juilliard, which she later turned down to become model and later an actress.

Adams was married to Thomas Turnage from 1945 until his death in 2000. The couple had two children.

Adams died from natural causes on May 21, 2014 in Palm Desert, California, aged 95.

References

Other websites
 

1918 births
2014 deaths
Actors from San Antonio, Texas
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Deaths from natural causes
Vegavis

Vegavis is a genus of extinct bird that lived during the latest Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica, some 66 million years ago (mya). Among modern birds, It is most closely related to ducks and geese (Anatidae).
The discovery shows that some of the major groups of bird alive today had already diversified in the Cretaceous. It has been hailed as the first definite physical proof that birds from some of the modern groups lived in the Mesozoic.
The Vegavis fossil specimen is held by the Museo de La Plata, Argentina. The very delicate remains of one bird are embedded in rock. Tomography (CT) scans were used to get a clearer picture of the bone structure without damaging or destroying the fossil.

References 

Anseriformes
Fossils
Cretaceous birds
Malcolm Simmons

Malcolm "Simmo" Simmons (20 March 1946 – 25 May 2014) was an English speedway rider. He was a member of the Poole Pirates, based in Poole. He won the Speedway World Team Cup three times (1974, 1975, 1977) and the Speedway World Pairs Championship also three times (1976, 1977, 1978).

Simmons was born in Tonbridge, Kent. He was married to June.

Simmons died from emphysema on 25 May 2014 in Kent, aged 68.

References

1946 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from emphysema
Disease-related deaths in England
Speedway riders
Sportspeople from Kent
Kuaima Riruako

Kuaima Isaac Riruako (born Issaskar Kakuremdiro; 24 April 1935 – 2 June 2014) was a Namibian politician. He served as a National Unity Democratic Organisation (NUDO) representative in Parliament. He was the President of NUDO and its presidential candidate in the 2004 presidential election. He placed fourth with 4.23% of the national vote. He was also the paramount chief of the Herero people from 1978.

Personal life 
Riruako was born in Aminuis in the Omaheke Region. Riruako died from hypertension on 2 June 2014 in Windhoek. He was 79. He had been in serious care for a month before his death.

References

1935 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Namibian politicians
Seawise Giant

[[File:Building and ship comparison to the Pentagon2.svg|thumb|right|The size comparison between the Knock Nevis (in red) compared to other ships and buildings:

{{legend|#ff4c4c|Knock Nevis, ex-Seawise Giant, 458 m}}]]Seawise Giant'' (known later as the Happy Giant, Jahre Viking, Knock Nevis, Oppama, and Mont) was a ULCC supertanker. It was the longest ship ever built and had the greatest deadweight tonnage that has ever been recorded. When it was heavily loaded, the ship had a displacement of 657,019 tonnes (646,642 long tons; 724,239 short tons) and had a draft of 24.6 m (81 ft). Due to it's size and lack of maneuverability, it was not able to move through the English Channel, Suez Canal or the Panama Canal.

The ship was built in 1979 by Sumitomo Heavy Industries at the Oppama shipyard in Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. The ship was sunk during the Iran–Iraq War but was salvaged, restored and put back into service. The ship sailed its final journey in December 2009 after being sold to Indian ship breakers. It was then intentionally beached in Alang, Gujarat, India and was demolished.

References 

Ships
Presbyornis

Presbyornis is an extinct genus of water bird. It was a wading bird, often walking in shallow water on its long legs.

Presbyornis was one of the first anseriforms. Because of its long legs and neck, it was initially mistaken for a flamingo. Later it was reclassified as an anseriform when the duck-like anatomy of its skull and bill was found. It is from an extinct group closely related to ducks and geese. Judging from numerous fossil findings, Presbyornis probably lived in colonies around shallow lakes. Its broad, flat bill was used to filter food (small plants and animals) from the water, in the manner of today's dabbling ducks.

The fossil record includes many complete skeletons from Green River Formation sites (early Eocene). This suggests that the birds nested in colonies, similar to many colony-nesting waterfowl or shorebirds today. Species of this bird have also been found in Maryland, Utah, England, and Mongolia.
Fossils are held in the Smithsonian Institution, the Natural History Museum, London, and the KUVP.

References 

Anseriformes
Fossils
Anglo-Saxon England

Anglo-Saxon England is the history of England from the 5th to 11th centuries.

The Anglo-Saxons were people from Germanic tribes. They first came as migrants to southern Britain from central Europe. Anglo-Saxon history begins after the end of Roman control.

In the 5th and 6th centuries there were seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Sussex, and Wessex.

Anglo-Saxon Christianity arrived in the 7th century. Viking invasions and Danish settlers started in the 8th century. The gradual unification of England under Wessex hegemony occurred during the 9th and 10th centuries.

Anglo-Saxon England ended with the Norman conquest of England by William the Conqueror in 1066. 
Anglo-Saxon identity survived beyond the Norman Conquest, and slowly developed into the modern English people.

References 

History of England
Michael John Smith

Michael John Smith (April 30, 1945 – January 28, 1986), was known as Mike Smith. He was an American astronaut. On 28 January 1986 he was the pilot of the Space Shuttle Challenger. He and his crew were killed when the Challenger exploded 73 seconds into its flight.

References 

American astronauts
1945 births
1986 deaths
Daniel Carvajal

Daniel Carvajal Ramos (born 11 January 1992) is a Spanish footbaler. He plays as a right-back for Real Madrid C.F. and the Spain national team.

Other websites

Official Real Madrid profile
Official Bayer Leverkusen profile

1992 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
Association football defenders
Association football full-backs
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Michael Smith (chemist)

Michael Smith CC, OBC, FRS (April 26, 1932 – October 4, 2000) was a British-born Canadian biochemist. He was the winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (shared with Kary Mullis) for his work in developing site-directed mutagenesis.

After graduation with a PhD in 1956 from the University of Manchester, he studied with Dr. Har Gobind Khorana (himself a Nobel Prize winner) at the British Columbia Research Council in Vancouver, Canada.

Smith received many awards in addition to the Nobel Prize, and was known for his generosity. He gave half of the Nobel Prize money to researchers working on the genetics of schizophrenia. The other half he gave to BC Science World in Vancouver and to the Society for Canadian Women in Science and Technology. He received the Royal Bank Award in 1999, and donated the grant to the BC Cancer Foundation.

Site-specific mutagenesis 
In 1978, Smith, with former Fred Sanger colleague Clyde A. Hutchison III, introduced a new technique into molecular biology. This technique, called "oligonucleotide-directed site-directed mutagenesis", showed how to find the effect of a single mutant gene. They developed a synthetic DNA. With this they compared different protein molecules to show what the mutation did.

The new technology allowed deliberate alteration of genes to change the characteristics of an organism. It helps new diagnostic strategies and new treatments for genetic diseases. It may even allow the creation of artificial forms of life.

The team's paper describing site-directed mutagenesis was published as "Mutagenesis at a specific position in a DNA sequence" in the Journal of Biological Chemistry in September 1978. For the team's work, Smith shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Kary Mullis, the inventor of the polymerase chain reaction.

Related pages 
 Genetic engineering

References 

1932 births
2000 deaths
English biochemists
Canadian chemists
Fellows of the Royal Society
People from Blackpool
Canadian Nobel Prize winners
British Nobel Prize winners
1492: Conquest of Paradise

1492: Conquest of Paradise is a 1992 epic adventure movie. This movie tells a fictionalized tale of Christopher Columbus and the New World. Christopher Columbus is played by Gérard Depardieu.

The movie opened in theaters in October 1992 under a PG-13 rating in the United States. It got mixed reviews. Roger Ebert, though, said the movie was satisfactory.

English-language movies
1992 drama movies
1990s adventure movies
1990s epic movies
1990s historical movies
British adventure movies
British drama movies
French drama movies
Spanish drama movies
Movies directed by Ridley Scott
Movies set in the 15th century
Mo' Money

Mo' Money is a 1992 American criminal comedy romance movie set in Chicago. Marlon Wayans plays Seymour. Stacey Dash plays Amber. The movie is about a con-man who tries cleaning his life after meeting a girl.

This movie was released in the United States on July 24, 1992. Reviews were generally negative. It premiered at #1 in the box office.

Other websites 

1992 crime movies
1992 romance movies
1992 comedy movies
1990s criminal comedy movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
American criminal comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies set in Chicago, Illinois
Shining Through

Shining Through is a 1992 American-British World War II romantic drama movie. It is about 1940 in Germany. Michael Douglas plays Ed. Melanie Griffith plays secretary Linda. Liam Neeson plays Franz-Otto.

The movie was not successful, though it did make over $13 million in profits over a budget of $30 million. The movie was called the Worst Picture of 1992 by the Razzie Awards. The critics did not like it.

Other websites 

1992 drama movies
1992 thriller movies
1992 romance movies
1990s drama thriller movies
1990s war movies
20th Century Fox movies
American romantic thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
American war movies
British drama movies
British thriller movies
British war movies
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in the 1940s
World War II movies
Walter Romberg

Walter Romberg (27 December 1928 – 23 May 2014) was a German politician. He was the last finance minister of East Germany.

Romberg died from an illness in Munich, Germany, aged 85.

References

1928 births
2014 deaths
Government ministers of East Germany
Members of the Volkskammer
Politicians from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Miodrag Radulovacki

Miodrag (Misha) Radulovacki, MD, PhD (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Радуловачки; Serbian Latin: Miodrag Radulovački; 28 April 1933 – 26 May 2014), was a Serbian scientist and inventor. He is known for creating the Adenosine Sleep Theory. He taught as a Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Radulovacki died in Belgrade, Serbia, aged 81.

References

1933 births
2014 deaths
Serbian scientists
Educators
Walter Jakob Gehring

Walter Jakob Gehring (March 20, 1939 – May 29, 2014) was a Swiss developmental biologist. He was a professor at the Biozentrum Basel of the University of Basel, Switzerland. He earned his Ph.D. at the University of Zurich in 1965. After two years as a research assistant of Professor Ernst Hadorn he joined Professor Alan Garen's group at Yale University in New Haven as a postdoctoral fellow.

References

1939 births
2014 deaths
Swiss biologists
Arrondissements of the Tarn-et-Garonne department

There are 2 arrondissements in the Tarn-et-Garonne department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs).  The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

The arrondissements are further divided into cantons and communes.

The arrondissements of the Tarn-et-Garonne department are:

History
Since its creation, the Tarn-et-Garonne department has had few changes:
 1808 : creation of the department with the arrondissements: Montauban, Castelsarrasin and Moissac. The city of Montauban was made the prefecture of the new department
 1926 : the arrondissement of Moissac was eliminated

References

Tarn-et-Garonne
Occitanie
Orange Caramel

Orange Caramel () is a South Korean musical group. They are a sub-group of the girl group After School. The group was formed in 2010. The members of the group were Nana, Raina, and Lizzy. As of December 2019, Orange Caramel only had one member still on the label. The group's website says Raina and Lizzy are still members of the group.

History

Orange Caramel started performing on June 16, 2010, with the single "Magic Girl". Their first album, The First Mini Album was released on June 21, 2010. The album peaked at No. 2 on the Gaon Chart. It included the single "Magic Girl" which peaked at No. 18. "Magic Girl" was very popular in South Korea. It became famous for its choreography and outfits featuring large bows. The concept of the song was also very popular. It was often parodied\ throughout 2010. The album was also released in Taiwan. A Mandarin version of "The Day You Went Away", a cover from Cyndi Wang,  was also included. Both versions of the album included Raina's R&B solo, "Love Does Not Wait" . Orange Caramel released 11 albums.

Notes

References

Pop music groups
South Korean girl groups
Cheongyang chili pepper

The Cheongyang chili pepper is one of the hottest chili pepper species (Capsicum annum). It is grown in Korea. It is a genetically improved strain of Thai and Jeju-do chili peppers. It was developed by Dr.Il-ung Yoo in 1983. Cheongyang chili peppers have 10,000~23,000 Scoville heat units in average.
 

The name Cheongyang comes from the name of the county, Cheongsong and Yeongyang.

Plant property 
Red pepper grows well in high temperature. Proper temperature to grow is 25~28 °C during the day and 18~22 °C during the night. It's better not to drop the temperature under 13 °C. When temperature stabilizes in 20~25 °C it is the best time for plants to bear fruits. If the temperature drops under 15 °C or rise over 30 °C, fertility of the plant is seriously damaged resulting in windfall and malformed fruit.

Even though red pepper requires high temperature, it does not require that much of a sunlight. However, the deficit of sunlight in long-term can result in poor quality and number of the produce, so it is better to give adequate amount of sunlight. Light saturation point is 30,000 lx, which is lower than other typical vegetables.

Cultivation 
Most Cheongyang chili peppers are cultivated outdoors and some of them are cultivated indoors.

Outdoor cultivation 
Normally, farmers harvest peppers that are cultivated outdoors in late July. It ripens from the bottom and peppers placed closer to a root are more likely to ripen well and have more vivid red color. It can be harvested until we have the first frost and till then, we can harvest five times from one root in average. The quality of produce is affected by how many times have peppers being harvested. For example, if the root can bear fruits five times, then the first produce will have more thicker fruit skin and also the taste of it is better because the first one has strong sweet flavor and hot flavor at the same time in harmony. However, the color is little bit darker and less in red than the second or third one, so it is easy to be mistaken as worse produce than later produce.

Indoor cultivation 
Technically through indoor cultivation, farmers can harvest through out the year. There is no quality difference between the first produce and the last one like the case mentioned in outdoor cultivation. The one raised in this environment has taller stem body and bears more fruits than the one raised outdoors. Especially, because it stays always indoors, it doesn't get wet, so can block all kinds of diseases caused by excessive humidity. Because of these advantages, more and more farmers cultivate Cheongyang chili peppers indoors.

References 

Capsicum
Vegetables
Korea-Yonsei Match

Korea-Yonsei Match (Yonsei-Korea Match) is a sport event between two South Korean universities,  Korea University and Yonsei University (both in Seoul, Korea) compete each year in the fall. The event consist of five sports: Baseball, basketball, soccer, rugby, and ice hockey. The event was started in 1956. The event  started is a tennis competition between players of Bosung college (which became Korea University) and Yonhui college (now Yonsei University). It was held in May 30, 1925. After the match, the two schools got into another competition in 1927. This time the two school had a soccer match. Korea University and Yonsei University had other matches after the match. These matchs were held almost every year until it became official in 1956.  Since the period was the period of Japanese colonial era in Korea, the competition of two schools grew as a national event of Korea.

History and result 
Official Korea-Yonsei Match has taken place since 1965. They are held in remembrance of events during Japanese colonial era. There are five sports in  the Korea-Yonsei match : baseball, basketball, ice hockey, rugby, and soccer. Below is the result of each year.

The Biggest Festival between Yonsei and Korea University 

The event is a part of the biggest festival of both Korea and Yonsei university. The rivalry between the two university is like Harvard verses Yale University, Stanford University verses UC Berkeley, and in Korea, KAIST verses POSTECH.  Very large festivals are thrown in each town every other year. Festival takes place in Anam in even number years and in Sinchon in odd number years.

Human Train March 

One of the customs takes place during the festival is 'human train march'. People from each department of the school make a long line and put their hands on the shoulder of fthe person in front of them. They makea long train-like rows. The human trains marches through streets. They ask for food and bottles of alcohol from the owners of the stores, restaurants and bars. The alumni and university student council pre-pay for the side-dishes and bottles of alcohol these places. 

Korean culture
Sports competitions
Ki Sung-yueng

Ki Sung-yueng () is a Korean national soccer player, and Premier League player.

Profile

Early life
His soccer career cannot be explained without his father. His father was always with Ki. He said he found Ki's talent in elementary school and wanted to continue soccer career. Therefore, his father started to train Ki and he can now use both feet. His father also wanted to develop more to study about soccer. Therefore, Ki moved to Australia at twelve years old to study English and started to playing soccer. Because of this experience in Australia, he could speak in English fluently and it is easy to communicate with other soccer players.

Club career

He joined Premier League club Swansea City A.F.C in August 2012. In terms of attacking, he appeared 29 matches, shots 27 times but no goals. However, he succeeded in assisting 2 times and 17 times crosses. Among 29 matches which he played, Swansea City A.F.C won 7 games, drew 12 games and lost 10 games. In 13-14 season, he was loaned to Sunderland A.F.C and he did pretty well in Sunderland A.F.C. He appeared 27 games among 38 games and he got scored 3 times among 30 shots and succeeded in one assists and 21 crosses.  He did well in 29 games he played but the results of games were not good. Just 6 wins and 6 draw matches and 15 times lost among 29 matches.

South Korea National Team career 
Ki also did well in Korean National Team. He joined Korean National football Team from 2007. Also, he joined 2012 London Olympics, and he and his teammates did well so they finally got bronze medal in Olympics and got benefit from Korean Government to pass military service.

References

South Korean footballers
1989 births
Living people
Software release life cycle

A software release life cycle is the different stages of making a computer program, giving it out to other people, and making sure the computer program works right after it is released.

Stages can either be officially announced and regulated by developers, or sometimes the term is used to describe the state of the product.

Stages of development (making the computer program)

Pre-alpha 
Pre-alpha is the first stage of making a computer program. People making the computer program think up what the computer program should have in it, and start to actually create the computer program itself. Also, programs that have not yet entered the alpha or beta stage, but passed the development stage, are called so.

Alpha 
Alpha software is a computer program that can do most of what the programmers (people who make the software) want it to do, but it has lots of problems. Only the things that the programmers really want the software to do has been made without many problems.

Beta 
A computer program goes into beta when programmers have made the software do everything it needs to do, but there may still be problems. The people who make the software then give it out to other people, so they can test whether the software works. Often, they find problems that they did not find in alpha. The beta product is not the final version, and public testing is done at the user's own risk, the manufacturer is not responsible for any damage caused by the use of this version. Thus, many manufacturers avoid responsibility by providing users with only beta versions of the product.

It is also known as betaware.

RC 
RC (release candidate) is a candidate stage for becoming stable. The software of this stage has passed almost full testing and the main errors have been corrected. But at the same time, there are some bugs that could not be found during testing.

It is also called as "going silver".

RTM 
RTM (release to manufacturing) is a publication of a product which is ready for replication. This is a stable version of the program that has gone through all stages of development. The main errors were fixed, but there is a possibility of new mistakes.

GA 
GA (general availability) is a public version of the software and people can buy it. The time between RTM and GA can be from a week to a month. At this stage, the software "went into operation".

Related pages
 Software release

References 

Software
Thor (movie)

Thor is a 2011 American superhero movie, directed by Kenneth Branagh, and starring Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman and Tom Hiddleston. It is the first movie of the series based on the Marvel Comics character Thor. It was produced by Marvel Studios, and is the fifth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).

The film was first shown in Sydney, on April 17 2011. It was first released in the United States on May 6, as part of Phase One of the MCU.

Story
The movie starts with Odin, the king of the gods, fighting some frost giants, and taking an item called The Casket of Ancient Winters. Some years later, Thor is heir to the throne of Asgard (the world of the gods), but his crowning is stopped by some Frost Giants (that were let in by his brother Loki). Thor and his friends go to Jotunheim (the world of the Frost Giants) and attack Laufey, the Frost Giant leader, but are saved by Odin. Odin is angry at Thor and sends him to Earth as a normal person. Thor lands in New Mexico and meets and develops romance with astrophysicist Jane Foster. Meanwhile in Asgard, Loki finds out he is actually Laufey’s son, and plans to ascend to the throne and sends the Destroyer (a weapon) to kill Thor. Thor dies but shows that he is worthy, and his powers come back. Thor goes back to Asgard and fights Loki, who falls off the Bifrost and dies.

Cast
 Chris Hemsworth as Thor
 Natalie Portman as Jane Foster
 Tom Hiddleston as Loki
 Stellan Skarsgård as Dr. Erik Selvig
 Colm Feore as Laufey
 Ray Stevenson as Volstagg
 Idris Elba as Heimdall
 Kat Dennings as Darcy Lewis
 Rene Russo as Frigga
 Anthony Hopkins as Odin
 Tadanobu Asano as Hogun 
 Josh Dallas as Fandral
 Jamie Alexander as Sif

Future

Sequels

Thor: The Dark World

Thor: Ragnarok

Thor: Love and Thunder

References

Other websites 

2011 movies
Marvel Cinematic Universe movies
2010s superhero movies
Thor movies
Movies directed by Kenneth Branagh
Yoo Jae-suk

Yoo Jae-suk is a South Korean comedian and MC. He was born on August 14, 1972 in Seoul. He is known as "MC of the nation". He was also known as
"The Grasshopper" because he dressed as a grasshopper when he first started. His debut was on the KBS comedian Festival which held for college students in 1991.

Career 

Although, A vote by the South Korean "netizens" proclaimed him the most popular MC in the Korea, he underwent unknown comedian for long times(9 years). But, in 2002, he became the MC of a program named “Dong-guh-dong-lak(동고동락)” thanks to a recommendation by a talent Choi Jin-Sil. This program instantly be popular and this accomplishments give Yoo Jae-suk more chances to host many variety programs. And after he hosted the program "The Crash of MCs"(공포의 쿵쿵따), he became top level of MC in the Korea. He hosted many variety shows for example, X-man, Infinite Challenge, Family Outing, Happy Together, Running Man, Come to Play etc... By this success, he got 34 awards. Also, he is kinds of singer. He sang 10 songs for example, As I Say, Apqujeong Nallari, Please Don't Go My Girl etc. He is loved and popular not only by his ability of hosting show but also his personality like respecting others.

Personal life 

He married the Korean anchor Na Kyung-eun thanks to the program "Infinite Challenge". They have a son Yoo Ji-ho. After the marriage he is still very popular and voted "wanna be man" by many woman. Also, he was elected 2nd person of the most respecting person by elementary students.

References 

About Yoo Jae-suk in Naver profile

 Yoo Jae-suk " Long times as an unknown..."
 A vote by South Korean "netizens" proclaimed Yoo Jae-suk....

Other websites 
 The process of unknown "Grasshopper" comedian becoming the best MC
 Yoo Jae-Suk marry Na Kyung-eun

South Korean entertainers
Comedians