cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Vadivelu

Vadivelu is one of the most famous comedian in the present era of Tamil cinema .following the worlds best comedian Surya of neyveli. The comedian known in Tamil cinema mainly for his slapstick comedies.  He is also a playback singer and an actor who played supporting roles along with comedy. He acted in about 200 and above movies. Vadivelu received awards in the Best Comedian category for his performances in Kaalam Maari Pochu (1996), Vetri Kodi Kattu (2000), Thavasi (2001), Chandramukhi (2005), Imsai Arasan 23m Pulikesi (2006), Marudhamalai (2007) and Kathavarayan (2008) Velayudham (2011) . His popularity led to his media-coined nickname, Vaigai Puyal, meaning "the storm from the Vaigai River which flows through his hometown Madurai.

Biography of the comedian 
He started his career in Tamil cinema as a side-comedian along with the Tamil cinema's most famous duo of Goundamani and Senthil. Vadivelu rose as a renowned actor from the movie Kadhalan (1998), although his debut is in En Thangai Kalyani of T.Rajendar.

Some of his most famous movies are Friends, Bharathi Kannamma, Vetri Kodi Kattu, Winner, Giri, Thalainagaram, Marudhamalai and Chandramukhi. The actor played the lead in the blockbuster Imsai Arasan 23am Pulikesi (2006) where he played a dual role of twin brothers. His next movie in a lead role was Indiralogathil Na Azhagappan (2008), which was however a big failure.

After the 2011 Legislative Assembly election fight between Vijayakanth, leader of DMDK and Vadivelu in which he was severely criticized for his public speeches that heavily alledged Vijayakanth, he took rest for two years from media appearance since his rival and his alliance won the election. He signed up to play a double role in the movie Tenaliraman, his third movie as hero. The movie did decent business at the box office.

Vadivelu filmography

References

Tamil actors
Tamil singers
Living people
Tamil comedians
Ilaiyaraaja

Ilayaraaja is a famous film composer and singer in South Indian cinema especially in Tamil cinema. Ilaiyaraaja is also an instrumentalist, conductor, singer, and songwriter. He has composed more than 6000 songs and provided film music or movie soundtrack for more than 1000 films, particularly being famous for his background music.

Ilayaraaja introduced Western type of music into the Tamil cinema.He is also known for creating music by fusing symphonic orchestration with traditional Indian instrumentation.In 1993 he organised a full symphony performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London and thus became the First Indian to compose a full symphony, with Ravi Shankar being the only other Indian to do so. He is also the first Asian to compose a full symphony performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. He has won five Indian National Film Awards (the highest film honor in India); three for Best Music Direction and two for Best Background Score. In 2010 he has received Padma Bhushan, awarded by the Government of India.
He is usually referred to by the title Isaignani (), or as The Maestro. Ilaiyaraja is a gold medalist in classical guitar from Trinity College of Music, London. In 2003, according to an international poll conducted by BBC, more than half-a million people from 165 countries voted his composition Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu from the 1991 film Thalapathi as fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.

In 2015, he was also honoured with the Centenary Award for lifetime achievement at the 46th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) at Panaji, Goa. On December 31, 2015, he was nominated by the Kerala Government for Nishagandi Puraskaram, the top award conferred by the Kerala Government's Tourism Ministry, for his artistic excellence and contributions to the Indian film industry.

In a poll conducted by CNN-IBN celebrating 100 years of Indian cinema in 2013, Ilaiyaraaja was voted as the greatest music composer of India with a maximum of 49%.

Early life and family
Ilaiyaraaja was born as Gnanathesikan in 1943 in a normal middle-class family in Pannaipuram, Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India. When he joined the school his father changed his name as "Rajaiya" but his village people used to call him as "Raasayya". Ilaiyaraaja joined Dhanraj Master as a student to learn musical instruments and the master renamed and called him as just "Raaja". In his first movie Annakili, Tamil film producer Panchu Arunachalam added "Ilaiya" (Ilaiya means younger in Tamil language) as prefix in his name Raaja and he named as "Ilaiyaraaja" because in the 1970s there was one more music director A. M. Rajah who was a popular one.

Ilaiyaraaja was married to Jeeva and the couple have three children—Karthik Raja, Yuvan Shankar Raja and Bhavatharini—all film composers and singers. His wife Jeeva died on 31 October 2011. Ilaiyaraaja has a brother Gangai Amaran, who is also a music director and lyricist in Tamil film industry.

References

Tamil musicians
Tamil singers
National deep fried clams day

National Deep Fried Clams Day is a national holiday celebrating the process of deep frying and consuming clams.
The holiday is observed on November 1st every year. It is common for people to cook and serve clams on this day.

History 

The first deep fried clams were made in Essex, Massachusetts, on July 3rd, 1916. The creator, Lawrence Henry Woodman, owned a small restaurant, where he sold the fried clams to passersby. The food quickly spread around the country and gained attention. Today, National Deep Fried Clams Day is celebrated on November 1st. It is unknown why it is this day rather than July 3rd.

Customs 

It is customary to deep fry and serve clams on this day, battering and breading them to form a dish of "clam strips." As well as this, a more modern method of celebrating is to post #DeepFriedClamsDay on social media.

Other holidays celebrated on November 1st 

 National Family Literacy Day
 National Go Cook for your Pets Day
 All Saints Day
 National Authors' Day
 National Brush Day
 Prime Meridian Day
 National Vinegar Day
 National Eating Healthy Day

Other websites

 https://nationaldaycalendar.com/national-deep-fried-clams-day-november-1/

Holidays
Arthrostylidium schomburgkii

Arthrostylidium schomburgkii is a species of Arthrostylidium bamboo in the grass family. The species are native to Central America, the West Indies, northern South America, and southern Mexico.

References 

Bamboo species
Arthrostylidium judziewiczii

Arthrostylidium judziewiczii is a species of Arthrostylidium bamboo in the grass family. The species is native to Central America, the West Indies, northern South America, and southern Mexico.

References 

Bamboo species
Pontresina

Pontresina () is a municipality of the district Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Pontresina Website

Municipalities of Graubünden
+ (album)

+ (pronounced "plus") is the first studio album by English artist Ed Sheeran. The album was released on September 9, 2011 and is considered to be Sheeran's breakthrough into the music industry.

Reception
+ was met with mostly positive reviews from critics on release. The album topped the UK Album Charts at no. 1 and went on to become Triple Platinum certified, with over 1,958,000 copies being sold. This makes it the sixth best-selling album of the 2010s and the 44h best-selling album of the 21st century. The albums two preceding singles—The A Team and You Need Me, I Don't Need You— peaked at No. 3 and No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart.

References

2011 albums
Acoustic pop albums
Folk albums
Hip hop albums
Ed Sheeran albums
Erie County, New York

Erie County is a county in the state of New York in the United States. As of the 2010 census, 919,040 people lived there. The county seat is Buffalo. The county's name comes from Lake Erie.

The cities of Lackawanna and Tonawanda are in Erie County.

Erie County is home to the Buffalo Bills football team, the Buffalo Sabres hockey team, and the Buffalo Bandits lacrosse team.

References 

New York (state) counties
Chusquea

Chusquea is a genus of evergreen bamboos in the grass family. Most of them are native to mountain habitats in Latin America, from  Mexico to southern Chile and Argentina. 

They are sometimes referred to as South American mountain bamboos. Unlike most other grasses, the stems of these species are solid, not hollow. Some animals are associated with stands of Chusquea, for example the Inca wren and the plushcap.

Notable species
Chusquea culeou, the colihue cane, from southern Chile and western Argentina, is notable as the most frost-tolerant South American bamboo and the only one that has been grown successfully to any extent in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with successful growth as an ornamental plant north to Scotland. The colihue cane was used by the Mapuches Indians to make instruments and as lances during the War of Arauco.

Chusquea quila (in Spanish quila), in contrast to Colihue, has a spreading or vining growth. It prefers wet places and does not grow above , where C. coleou becomes more dominant. Chusquea quila can form pure stands called quilantales. Very few plants can grow under this species.

Taxonomy
The genus Chusquea now includes species formerly classified in Dendragrostis, Rettbergia, Swallenochloa, and Neurolepis.  The genus has been organized into three subgenera, subg. Rettbergia, subg. Swallenochloa and subg. Chusquea, although molecular evidence only supports a monophyletic subg. Rettbergia.

Species

References
Shimmer and Shine

Shimmer and Shine is a Canadian–American animated children's television series created by Farnaz Esnaashari-Charmatz. It airs on Nickelodeon in the United States and on Treehouse in Canada. The series premiered on August 24, 2015. The show was based on an unreleased pilot from September 2013.

On February 11, 2016, it was announced that Shimmer and Shine was renewed for a second season that uses CGI animation. On June 21, 2016, Shimmer and Shine was renewed for a third season. Shimmer and Shine are 2 genies who grant wishes and try to solve problems and the evil Zeta  with the help of their human friends Leah and Zac.

References

American children's television series
Canadian children's television series
English-language television programs
Katalin Szőke

Katalin Szőke (17 August 1935 – 27 October 2017) was a Hungarian swimmer. She competed at the 1952 Olympics and won two gold medals, in the 100 m and 4 × 100 m freestyle events. She was born in Budapest. During her career Szőke set four world records. In 1985 she was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.

Szőke died on 27 October 2017 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 82.

References

1935 births
2017 deaths
Hungarian sportspeople
Hungarian swimmers
Olympic gold medalists
People from Brussels
Josaphat-Robert Large

Josaphat-Robert Large (November 15, 1942 – October 28, 2017) was a Haitian-American poet, novelist and art critic. His novel, Les terres entourées de larmes (Shore surrounded with tears) won the Prix littéraire des Caraïbes (Caribbean literary Prize) in 2003. He was born in Jérémie, Haiti. Large was a member of La Société des Gens de Lettres de France (Society of French intellectuals) and of the PEN Club America.

Large died of cancer in New York City on October 28, 2017 at the age of 74.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York City
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Haitian people
American novelists
American poets
Educators from New York City
American art critics
Writers from New York City
Dennis Banks

Dennis Banks (April 12, 1937 – October 29, 2017) was a Native American leader, teacher, lecturer, activist, actor and author. He was an Anishinaabe born on Leech Lake Indian Reservation in northern Minnesota. Banks was also known as Nowa Cumig. His name in the Ojibwe language means "In the Center of the Universe". He was a longtime leader of the American Indian Movement, which he co-founded in 1968 with Native Americans in Minneapolis.

Banks had roles in the movies War Party (1988), The Last of the Mohicans (1992), Thunderheart (1992), and Older Than America (2008).

In August 2016, Banks received the vice presidential 2016 election nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party, a socialist political party with ballot access in California. He appeared on the California ballot with presidential nominee Gloria La Riva.

Banks died of complications from pneumonia on October 29, 2017 in Rochester, Minnesota at the age of 80.

References

Other websites
 Nowa Cumig Institute 
 SacredRun, 2007 
 Still Strong
 
 

1937 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Minnesota
American movie actors
American activists
Educators from Minnesota
2016 United States vice-presidential candidates
Politicians from Minnesota
Writers from Minnesota
Actors from Minnesota
Linda Nochlin

Linda Nochlin (née Weinberg; January 30, 1931 – October 29, 2017) was an American art historian and feminist. She was a Professor Emerita of Modern Art at New York University Institute of Fine Arts. She was also a essayist. A well known feminist art historian, she became well known for her pioneering 1971 article "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?". She was born in New York City.

Nochlin studied at Vassar College, Columbia University and at New York University.

Nochlin was the co-curator of a number of landmark exhibitions exploring the history and achievements of female artists. Her works include "Global Feminisms" at the Brooklyn Museum and "Women Artists: 1550-1950" (with Ann Sutherland Harris) at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

Nochlin died at age 86 on October 29, 2017.

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
American historians
American feminists
Educators from New York City
American essayists
American critics
Writers from New York City
Kim Joo-hyuk

Kim Joo-hyuk (; 3 October 1972 – 30 October 2017) was a South Korean actor. He was born in Seoul, South Korea.

Kim was known for his leading roles in the movies My Wife Got Married (2008), The Servant (2010) and Yourself and Yours (2016). He was known for his roles on the television series Lovers in Prague (2005), God of War (2012), Hur Jun, The Original Story (2013) and Argon (2017). Also, he was a regular member of the TV show 2 Days and 1 Night, which gave him the his best-known nickname “Brother Gutaeng”(구탱이형).

Kim was killed in a car crash near Seoul after suffering a heart attack behind the wheel on 30 October 2017 at the age of 45.

References

Other websites
 Kim Ju-hyeok at Namoo Actors 
 

1972 births
2017 deaths
Road accident deaths
South Korean actors
South Korean movie actors
South Korean television actors
People from Seoul
James D. Martin

James Douglas Martin (September 1, 1918 – October 30, 2017) was an American businessman and Republican politician. He was born in Tarrant, Alabama. He served a single term in the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967.

His 1962 campaign for the United States Senate against the Democrat J. Lister Hill was the first serious showing by a member of his party in Alabama since Reconstruction.

The James D. Martin Wildlife Park at U.S. Highway 411 in Gadsden is named in his honor.

Martin died in Gadsden, Alabama of congestive heart failure on October 30, 2017 at the age of 99.

References

Other websites
James Douglas Martin 
The Political Graveyard

1918 births
2017 deaths
Businesspeople from Alabama
Deaths from congestive heart failure
United States representatives from Alabama
US Republican Party politicians
Melanmai Ponnusamy

Melanmai Ponnusamy (, 1951 – 30 October 2017) was a Tamil writer and journalist. He was born in Melanmarainadu, Tamil Nadu, India. He was a Marxist by political orientation and a member of Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M). His first short story was published in 1972 in the literary journal Semmalar. He wrote columns for Ananda Vikatan and Kalki.

Ponnusamy died of a heart attack in Tamil Nadu on 30 October 2017 at the age of 66.

References

1951 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian writers
Communists
Indian journalists
Daniel Te'o-Nesheim

Daniel Te'o-Nesheim (; born Daniel Nesheim, June 12, 1987 – October 29, 2017) was a Samoan American football defensive end. He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the third round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Washington. He was born in Pago Pago, American Samoa.

On October 30, 2017, Te'o-Nesheim was reported to have died at the age of 30.

References

1987 births
2017 deaths
Samoan people
Philadelphia Eagles players
American football defensive ends
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Aterno-Pescara

The Aterno-Pescara () is the longest river in the Abruzzo region and the one with largest watershed,  of the rivers that flow into the Adriatic Sea south of the Reno river.

The river starts as Aterno on the Monti della Laga (a mountain range in the central Apennines) flowing mainly through the provinces of L'Aquila and Pescara; it flows also through the Chieti but only for a short distance. In the comune of Popoli, the river is joined by the Pescara river and then flows into the Adriatic Sea in the city of Pescara.

Geography
The Aterno-Pescara river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

The Aterno-Pescara river could be divided in three parts: the Aterno from its start till its confluence with the Saggitario river, Aterno-Saggitario till its confluence with the Pescara, and Aterno-Pescara till its mouth in the Adriatic Sea.

Aterno 
The Aterno starts in the Monti della Laga mountain range at an altitude of , just to the northeast of Aringo, a hamlet in the Montereale comune. It runs through the Montereale canyon and flows, in general, to the southeast and flows to the south of the city of L'Aquila.

After the San Venanzio canyon and of the Raiano comune, the Aterno turns to the northeast.

Aterno-Sagittario 
In Popoli, the Aterno joins its main tributary, il Sagittario. For several kilometers, the river is called Aterno-Sagittario.

Aterno-Pescara 
Later, the Aterno is joined by the Pescara river, a very short river; from this point, the river is called Aterno-Pescara or, simply, Pescara, and keeps flowing to the northeast.

The river flows through the valley of Pescara, touching the low part of the city of Chieti and gets in to the city of Pescara where it ends in the Adriatic Sea.

Municipalities 

The Aterno-Pescara flows through many municipalities; some of them are:

 Province of L'Aquila
 Montereale
 Cagnano Amiterno
 Barete
 Pizzoli
 L'Aquila
 San Demetrio ne' Vestini
 Raiano
 Province of Pescara
 Popoli
 Bussi sul Tirino
 Castiglione a Casauria
 Pescara
 Province of Chieti
 Chieti

Main tributaries 
The main tributaries of the Aterno-Pescara river are:

Left tributaries:
 Vetoio
 Vera
 Tirino - 25 km
 Cigno
 Nora

Right tributaries:
 Raio - 23 km
 Sagittario - 21 km
 Pescara
 Orta - 40 km
 Lavino

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of Italy

References

Other websites

 Fiume italiani: Fiume Aterno 

Rivers of Italy
Delphine Gibson

Delphine Gibson (August 17, 1903 – May 9, 2018) was an American supercentenarian. She was born in Fairfield County, South Carolina. At the age of  was the oldest person in the United States. She became the oldest living American upon the death of Adele Dunlap on February 5, 2017.

She married Tyler Gibson in 1928. They had three children. Gibson lives in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania. Gibson died on May 9, 2018 at the age of 114.

References

1903 births
2018 deaths
American supercentenarians
People from South Carolina
People from Pennsylvania
Jean Daniel

Jean Daniel Bensaid (21 July 1920 – 19 February 2020) was an Algerian-born French Jewish journalist and author. He is the founder and executive editor of Le Nouvel Observateur weekly. He was born in Blida, Algeria. He is a member of the Saint-Simon Foundation think-tank. 

In La prison juive: Humeurs et méditations d'un témoin (The Jewish Prison), Daniel argues that prosperous Jews in the west live in a self-imposed prison made of up of three invisible walls: the idea of the Chosen People, Holocaust remembrance, and support for Israel.

Books
The Jewish Prison: a Rebellious Meditation on the State of Judaism translated into English by Charlotte Mandell, 2005, Melville House Publishing, USA

References

1920 births
2020 deaths
African Jews
French journalists
Jewish French writers
Parasakthi (movie)

Parasakthi is an 1952 Indian film in the language of Tamil directed by R. Krishnan - S. Panju. This film is the debut for the famous actor of Tamil cinema known for his excellent acting, Sivaji Ganesan. This film was jointly produced by National Pictures and AVM Productions. This film is based on  the stage play written by Pavalar Balasundaram in the same title.

The film narrates the misfortunes of a Tamil family during the World War II and how the individuals of the family face their fate and how they reunite at the climax of the film.

The screenplay and dialogues for Parasakthi were written by M. Karunanidhi, who would later become the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. The music of Parasakthi was composed by R. Sudarsanam. The lyrics were written by Bharathidasan, Subramania Bharati, M. Karunanidhi, Annal Thango, Udumalai Narayana Kavi and K. P. Kamatchisundaram.  Parasakthi was released on 17 October 1952, during the festive occasion of Diwali, and faced controversies because of its portrayal of Brahmins and Hindu customs and practices in poor light.The society with powerful peoples (elites) including the then ruling State government even demanded the film to be banned.

Despite these protests, the film was critically celebrated, with praise directed towards its dialogues and the actors performances in particular. The film also become a commercial success, and had a theatrical run of over 175 days. Parasakthi  in Tamil cinema became a trendsetter for dialogues and acting for later Tamil films.

References 

Tamil-language movies
Goliath frog

The goliath frog or giant slippery frog (Conraua goliath) is the biggest type of frog on Earth. It can grow to 32 centimetres (12.6 inches) long and weigh up to 3.25 kilograms (7.17 pounds). Its natural habitat is western Africa.

In 2019, scientists learned that the frog does something unusual: It digs pools to lay eggs in.  The scientists think it is the male frog who digs the pool.  Because not all the tadpoles in each pool were the same size, the scientists came to think that frogs lay eggs in the same pool more than once.  The frogs move sand, pieces of plants, and stones almost as big as they are.  They use the stones and plants to build higher walls for the pool.  Scientists saw adult frogs staying near the pools at night to scare away bigger animals that wanted to eat the tadpoles.  Scientists think this might be why the goliath frog is so big: Bigger frogs can move bigger rocks, build bigger pools and scare away bigger predators.

References

Frogs
Animals of Africa
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen

Artturi Ilmari Virtanen (January 15, 1895 – November 11, 1973) was a Finnish biochemist. He received the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method".

He was born in Helsinki, Russian Empire (now Finland) and died in Helsinki.

References 

1895 births
1973 deaths
Academics
Biochemists
Finnish Nobel Prize winners
Scientists from Helsinki
Spider-tailed horned viper

A spider-tailed horned viper (Pseudocerastes urarachnoides) is a species of viper. It is found in western Iran. It was discovered in 2006. Its head is like other species of Pseudocerastes, but its tail is not. The spider-tailed horned viper has a spider shaped tail which it uses it to attract its prey.

Vipers
Polo Hofer

Urs Alfred "Polo" Hofer (16 March 1945 – 22 July 2017) was a Swiss musician. He was known for his work in the field of Swiss German pop and rock music. He was born in Interlaken, Switzerland.

Hofer composed and sang in Bernese German, and was one of the most popular protagonists of Swiss-German rock and pop music, so-called Mundartrock. Co-founding the then popular Swiss rock groups Rumpelstilz and Schmetterband, Hofer published 18 music albums and composed about 350 songs.

Hofer died on 22 July 2017 at the age of 72.

References

Other websites
  
 

1945 births
2017 deaths
Swiss musicians
Dieter Kurrat

Dieter "Hoppi" Kurrat (15 May 1942 – 27 October 2017) was a German football player and coach. He was born in Dortmund, Germany. His brother was Hans-Jürgen Kurrat.

Kurrat died on 27 October, 2017.

References

Other websites 
 

1942 births
2017 deaths
German footballers
German football managers
Sportspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Dortmund
Borussia Dortmund managers
List of former municipalities of Switzerland

This is a list of former municipalities of Switzerland, i.e. municipalities of Switzerland (, , , ) that no longer exist.

In 1850, Switzerland had 3203 municipalities. On 1 January 2015, the number was 2324.

List

Notes and references
Siat

Siat is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Siat, Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Pitasch, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu and Rueun merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.

Other websites 

 Official Website 

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Gert and Hermien

Gert and Hermien (Dutch: Gert en Hermien) were a musical duo from the Province of Overijssel in the Netherlands, consisting of Gert Timmerman (died 2017) and his wife Hermien Timmerman-van der Weide (died 2003).

They were singing from the 1960s to the early 1990s.

Their most well-known song was "Shalalie shalala".

After their conversion to Christianity in 1974, they only did religious singing for several years.

References 
  www.wieiswieinoverijssel.nl

Dutch singers
Musical duos
People from Overijssel
Sabu M. Jacob

Sabu M. Jacob is an Indian business magnate. He is the chief Coordinator of Twenty-20 the charity outfit floated by Anna-Kitex Group.
 Twenty20 engaged in the overall development of Kizhakkambalam panchayath by the year 2020.

Biography
Sabu M. Jacob was born to M.C. Jacob, founder chairman of the Anna Kitex group and one of Kerala's pioneering industrialists. After his schooling he got graduation in Economics. He has been Managing Director of Kitex Garments Ltd since August 16, 2006 and has been its Chief Financial Officer since January 25, 2016.

Inspired by his father’s entrepreneurial success, Sabu M. Jacob decided to establish a garment unit of his own in 1992. This 100 percent export oriented business began its operations from Kizhakkambalamin in 1995, and has today, emerged as the world’s third largest infant wear manufacturing company. The company is listed as one of the best Asian companies by Forbes.

In 2013 Twenty-20 was founded to implement Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives of the company in Kizhakkambalam, the eastern suburb of Kochi. The long-term objective of Twenty-20 is to make Kizhakkambalam a model village by the year 2020 – a model of sustainable development, replicable anywhere in India and the world. In November 2015 Twenty-20 managed to win local body elections  with 69 percent vote share.
Development initiatives were carried out by Twenty-20 through Housing Projects, Drinking Water Projects, Health, Agriculture, Education, Employment Opportunities, Green initiative, Anti-Corruption, Infrastructure, school upgrades and kindergartens, supplementary diet, Anti Alcohol Movement  environmental protection activities and women empowerment programs.

Awards and Recognitions
Kitex MD, Sabu M. Jacob featured among the finalists for EY Entrepreneur of the Year 2015

References

Other websites
 http://www.2020kizhakkambalam.com/ 
 http://www.kitexgarments.com/
 http://www.2020enteveedu.com/
Vincent de Paul

St. Vincent de Paul (24 April 1581 – 27 September 1660) was a French Roman Catholic priest who dedicated himself to serving the poor. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. He was canonized in 1737. He was renowned for his compassion, humility and generosity and is known as the "Great Apostle of Trumpets."

1581 births
1660 deaths
Queue (abstract data type)

In Computer science, a queue is a data structure, used for storing items, before they are processed. Generally, the following operations exist:
 Enqueue: add the item to the back of the queue
 Dequeue: remove the item at the front of the queue
 Optionally, there may be an operation to look at the item at the front of the queue, without removing it.
Items that are between the first and the last element of the queue are not directly accessible.

There is a specialization, called priority queue: In a priority queue, each item also has a weight, which determine the position of the item in a queue.

Data structures
Flag Day (United Arab Emirates)

Flag day in United Arab Emirates(UAE) is a national occasion which is  celebrated every year at November 3rd. Flag Day. It is celebrated to remember Sheikh Zayed and Anderson Quintana, and their brothers.

References

National Days
Deva (composer)

Devanesan Chokkalingam, also known as Deva, is an Indian movie composer and singer. He has composed songs and provided background music for Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada movies in a career spanning about 20 years. Many know his gaana songs, written mostly using Madras Tamil. He is known as the "Father of Gaana Genre" in the Tamil movie industry.

Deva has composed music for many movies within a very short period. His first movie as a movie music director is the movie Manasukkeththa Maharasa in 1989. In these years he has composed music for more than 400 movies.

Personal life 
Deva was born to M. C. Chokkalingam and M. C. Krishnaveni in the year 1950, November 20th. Even in his childhood, Deva was attracted to the world of music. Teaming up with Chandra Bose, he did many musical programmes in stage. He started learning classical music under Dhanraj. Later he completed a course in Western music at Trinity College of Music in London. His son Srikanth Deva is also a music director. Deva's  brothers are also music directors, formed the duo Sabesh-Murali. His nephew Jai is an actor.

Career 
Before coming to Tamil cinema, Deva worked in the television field. In those days Deva's brothers were working in the musical group of Ilaiyaraja and other music directors as musicians playing instruments.  His first movie,Maattukkara Mannaru, was released in 1986. He was then called to work on the movie Vaigasi Poranthachu. After the release of Vaigasi Poranthachu, his name became known throughout the Tamil community.

So far he has composed music for more than 400 movies, which include Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam movies. He is also famous for his compositions for religious movies. He was widely renowned for his music for Rajinikanth acted Basha movie.
In 2014, Anirudh Ravichander chose Deva to sing a gaana song in his album Maan Karate and labelled Deva as the "father of the Gaana genre".

Honours
Veteran music director M. S. Viswanathan awarded the title Thenisai Thendral upon Deva, for his contributions to Tamil cinema.

References

Tamil musicians
Living people
1950 births
Tamil singers
Composers
Gangai Amaran

Gangai Amaran is a music director, singer, lyricist, script writer, movie director and actor in Tamil movies.

Personal life
Amaran was born in Pannaipuram in Theni district, Tamil Nadu in December 1947, as the youngest son of Ramaswamy and Chinnathayi. He is the younger brother of world famous Tamil music director Ilaiyaraaja. He was also the father of Venkat Prabhu (director and actor) and  Premji Amaren(actor, composer and singer).

Notable works 
 One of the most famous comedy film of Tamil cinema, Karagattakaran was directed by Gangai Amaren. This movie became a huge blockbuster in Tamil cinema.
 He has composed music for more than 160 Tamil films.
 He got the lifetime achievement award from International Tamil Film Awards (ITFA).

Filmography

Writer/Director

Music Director

Aadhityan (1993)
Aagaya Thamaraigal (1985)
Pondatti Pondattithan (1991)
Adhikari (1991)
Annan Kaattia Vazhi (1991)
Atha Maga Rathiname (1994)
Chellakutti (1987)
En Pottukku Sondhakkaran (1991)
En Priyame (1983)
Jeeva (1988)
En Thangachi Padichava (1988)
Ettikki Potti (1987)
Imaigal (1983)
Irumbu Kaigai (1984)
Jaadiketha moodi (1988)
Kanavugal Karpanaigal (1982)
Kanna Thorakkanum Sami (1986)
Koil Mani Osai (1988)
Hello Yaar Pesurathu (1985) (with Illayaraja)
Kudumbam (1984)
Nalellam Pournami (1984)
Nan Valartha Poovey (1991)
Needhipadhi (1983)
Nichayam (1984)
Nyayam Ketkiraen (1984)
Oomai Janangal (1984)
Oorkuruvi (1987)
Oru Vidukadhai Oru Thodarkadhai (1979)
Pachai Kodi (1990)
Pillaikkaga (1989)
Rudra (1989) Kannada film
Ponnu Parkka Poraen (1989)
Pudhia Sangamam (1984)
Puthiya Sagaptham (1985)
Pugaippadam (2010)
Ragavan (2009)
Ramaye Vayasukku Vanthutta (1980)
Ratha Dhanam (1988)
Rudhra (1991)
Shankarlal (1981) (with Illayaraja)
Sattam (1983)
Suvarillatha Chithirangal (1979)
Thappu Kanakku (1988)
Tharayil Pootha Malar (1980)
Ungal Veetu Pillai (1984)
Vazhvey Maayam (1982)
Vamsa Vilakku (1984)

References

Tamil musicians
Tamil singers
1947 births
Tamil directors
Living people
Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark

Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark (2 February 1882 – 3 December 1944) was a Greek and Danish prince of the House of Glucksburg. He was the son of George I of Greece and the grandson of Christian IX of Denmark and Queen Louise of Denmark. He was the father of HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and father in law of Queen Elizabeth II. He was the grandfather of Charles, Prince of Wales, great grandfather of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and great great grandfather of Prince George of Cambridge.

He married Princess Alice of Battenberg and had four daughters and a son. He was an ancestor of the present Mountbatten-Windsor line.

References

Greek people
Danish royalty
Princes and princesses
1882 births
1944 deaths
Szlachcic

A Szlachcic is Polish. It means someone is a member of Polish Nobility.

Nobility
Audi Q7

The Audi Q7 is an SUV made by Audi since 2005. It is an all wheel drive vehicle which can carry seven passengers.

References

Q7
Sport utility vehicles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Eugène Parlier

Eugène Parlier (13 February 1929 – 30 October 2017) was a Swiss football goalkeeper who played for Switzerland in the 1954 FIFA World Cup. He was born in Montreux, Switzerland. He also played for Neuchâtel Xamax, Servette FC, Urania Genève Sport, FC Biel-Bienne, FC Lausanne-Sport, and Étoile Carouge FC.

Parlier died on 30 October 2017 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
FIFA profile 

1930 births
2017 deaths
Swiss footballers
1954 FIFA World Cup players
Jotaro Kujo

Jotaro Kujo is a character in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, son of a Japanese jazz musician and Holly Kujo, daughter of Joseph Joestar, the main Jojo in the third part of the manga Stardust Crusaders. As well as a major ally in the fourth and sixth parts Diamond Is Unbreakable and Stone Ocean. He also appears briefly at the Beginning of the fifth part, Vento Aureo. He has super powers, in this case he manifests a Stand; Star Platinum. Star Platinum suggests the 17th Tarot card, the star meaning Hope. He punches things and people with high speed and inhuman strength; he also has a secondary attack: Star Finger. In the fight against Dio Brando he has the ability to stop time for five seconds (Two seconds is part four and six). He has a very high precision with his stand.

Manga
Fictional characters
Anime characters
Poschiavo

Poschiavo (, , , ) is a municipality of the district Bernina in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. As of December 2015, 3513 people lived there.

Poschiavo has its own lake, called Lago di Poschiavo, which is located to the south of the village.

References

Other websites

Official website of the municipality of Poschiavo
Official Site of the valley 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Knights Hospitaller

The Knights Hospitaller were a group of military knights fighting in Jerusalem.  They are the group that became the Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and, eventually, St. John Ambulance.

The Hospitallers are a Catholic military order founded at Jerusalem in the 11th century. They later became the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Today their headquarters are in Rome. The order continues its humanitarian tasks in most parts of the modern world under several slightly different names.

Knights of Malta 
Malta was ruled by the Order of Saint John as a vassal state of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1530 to 1798. The islands of Malta and Gozo, as well as the city of Tripoli in modern Libya, were given to the Order by Spanish Emperor Charles V in 1530. following the loss of Rhodes. The Ottoman Empire managed to capture Tripoli from the Order in 1551, but an attempt to take Malta in 1565 failed.

In 1565 Suleiman sent an invasion force of about 40,000 men to besiege the 700 knights and 8,000 soldiers. He wanted to get the island as a base. From there he might launch another assault on Europe. A long struggle ended with the Knights undefeated. This is known as the Great Siege of Malta. Resisting the Ottoman Empire was their great achievement.

Middle Ages
Orders of knighthood
Ahmed Boukouss

Ahmed Boukous (Amazigh: ⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⴱⵓⴽⵓⵙ, Ḥmad bukus; born October, 15, 1946) is a Moroccan Amazighist, linguist and sociologist. He is now the president of the Royal Institute of the Amazigh Culture.

References

Living people
1946 births
Moroccan scientists
Linguists
Sociologists
Moroccan writers
2017 Lower Manhattan attack

On October 31, 2017, a man drove a pickup truck into cyclists and pedestrians along  of a bike path alongside West Street, near Chambers Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City.

The vehicle-ramming attack killed eight people, including five Argentines and one Belgian tourist, and injured eleven others. After leaving the truck, the driver appeared to be wielding two guns and was later shot in the abdomen by police, and then arrested. An ISIS flag and a document that read "Islamic State will endure forever" in Arabic were found in the truck.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation charged 29-year-old Sayfullo Habibullaevich Saipov, who had immigrated to the United States from Uzbekistan on a Diversity Immigrant Visa, with destruction of a motor vehicle and supporting a terrorist organization.

References

2017 murders in the United States
2010s in New York (state)
21st century in Manhattan
Islamic terrorist incidents in the United States
Islamic State
Mass murder in 2017
Mass murder in New York
Massacres in the United States
October 2017 events
Milo Yiannopoulos

Milo Yiannopoulos is a British writer. He often criticizes feminism and Islam.  He studied at the University of Manchester and Wolfson College. He has worked for The Telegraph. He covered the gamergate controversy. In 2016 he was criticized for saying that sex between adults and children can sometimes be consensual.

References 

British journalists
S. A. Chandrasekhar

S. A. Chandrasekhar is an Indian movie director, producer and writer who mostly works in Tamil movies. Chandrasekhar made his debut as a director with Sattam Oru Iruttarai (1981) and went on to direct movie with social based or society based themes.

Personal life 
S. A. Chandrasekhar is from Thangachimadam, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. He is married to Shoba, a carnatic singer. He is the father of famous Tamil actor Vijay. His son made his debut movie in Naalaiya Theerpu which was directed by him. His brother-in-law S. N. Surendar is an playback singer and voice artist.

Movie career 
Chandrasekar has directed over 70 movies in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Hindi. Some of his hits include Vetri, Naan Sigappu Manithan, and Mutham. He also directed some Telugu movies such as Chattaniki Kallu Levu with actor Chiranjeevi. Most of his movies are with Vijayakanth. He has appeared in supporting roles in some movies like Naan Sivappu Manithan.

References

Tamil directors
K. Balachander filmography

K. Balachander has written, directed nearly 80 movies. He has worked in more than 100 movies either as director or writer in many languages. Those languages are Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi and Kannada.

Movies

Other websites 
 
 Official website of Kavithalaaya 

Indian filmographies
Buddhist texts

The Dhyāna sutras (Chan-jing) are a group of early Buddhist meditation texts which contain meditation teachings from the Sarvastivada school along with some early proto-Mahayana meditations. They were mostly the work of Buddhist Yoga teachers from Kashmir and were influential in Chinese Buddhism.
Grand Traverse County, Michigan

Grand Traverse County is a county in Michigan. It's county seat is Traverse City. It is a very popular tourist destination during the summer.

Communities 
Cities:
 Traverse City
Villages:
 Fife Lake
 Kingsley
CDPs
 Chums Corner
 Grawn
 Interlochen
Unincorporated Communities

References

Michigan counties
1851 establishments in Michigan
Password policy

A password policy is a set of rules to enforce strong passwords.

Computer security
Shivalinga (2017 movie)

Sivalinga is Tamil mystery horror comedy movie directed by P. Vasu with Raghava Lawrence and Ritika Singh in the leading roles. This movie is a remake of Vasu's earlier 2016 Kannada movie of the same name. The project in Tamil, began production in July 2016.

Roles 
 Raghava Lawrence as Shivalingeswaran 
 Shakthi Vasudevan as Raheem 
 Ritika Singh as Sathyabhama 
 Radharavi as Krishnamoorthy 
 Vadivelu as Pattukunjam 
 Santhana Bharathi as Raheem's father 
 Jayaprakash as Mr Viswanatha 
 VTV Ganesh as N.Murali 
 Urvashi as Arasuvai Annalakshmi 
 Bhanupriya as Sarala 
 Saara Deva as Sangeetha 
 Madhuvanti Arun 
 Bharathi 
 Pradeep Rawat as Baba 
 Zakir Hussain as Pigeon Race Organizer 
 Danny Kuttappa 
 P. Vasu in a brief appearance in the song Saarah Saarah

Plot
The story revolves around a ghost who when alive was murdered and the case moves to the CID. The CID who deals the case is Shivalingeshwaran. The ghost captures the body of Sathya who is the wife of Shivalingesh and makes her move in a misbehaving way. Later the ghost asks Shiva to help him get revenge of the murderers.

Commercial success
This movie became a commercial success in both Tamil and Telugu.

References

Tamil-language movies
Maroon (people)

Maroon are Africans who escaped from the slavery in the Americas and who mixed with the native Americans.

Ethnic groups in North America
Ethnic groups in South America
Raghava Lawrence

K. Raghava Lawrence is an Indian choreographer, an actor, director, composer and playback singer. He made his debut as a choreographer in 1993. He began his career as an actor in 1998, in a Telugu film. Most of his Telugu films were dubbed by artists. He became famous in Telugu cinema through the film Style. In Tamil, he became famous through the Muni film series.
Lawrence is also known for his complicated hip-hop and westernised dance moves. He has won four Filmfare Awards and three Nandi Awards for best choreography. He is also known for his social services and the temple he built for his living mother Kanmani. He was born In Andhra Pradeah

Social Services
 In 2015, after the death of former Indian president A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Lawrence set up a charity trust in his name and donated Rs.1 crore to it.
 He helped for curing heart problems for children.
 Raghava gave his personal fund of 1 crores to provide food for the protestants of the Jallikattu Protests.
 He also helped people during the Cyclone Vardah in Chennai.

Temple for Mother
As having so much care and affection towards mother, Raghava built a deity statue for his mother. His mother's name is Kanmani who is still alive.

Filmography

Director

Actor

Dancer

Reference

Tamil actors
Tamil singers
Tamil directors
Sri Lankan Tamils

A person of the Tamil dialect, from the country of Sri Lanka.
Tamil people
Muni (movie)

Muni is a 2007 Tamil horror comedy film written and directed by Raghava Lawrence who also plays the lead role. Vedhicka, Rajkiran, Kovai Sarala and Rahul Dev played supporting roles in the film.The film released on 9 March 2007 along with a Telugu dubbed version of same name. This film gained average reviews and average box office collections. This movie is the 1000th movie of actor Vinu Chakravarthy..

Story
The story revolves around Ganesh (Raghava Lawrence)who has fear of ghost and his family in a haunted house. Ganesh always fears to move out of the house after 6pm due to his fear. Unknowingly his father(Vinu Chakravarthy) buys a house where Muni, a person was murdered long ago. His ghost was also moving around the house. Muni enters Ganesh's body and Ganesh starts behaving in a rude manner, his family could not understand why his behavior is weird so they seek the help of a priest (Nassar). Priest asks the ghost about his own flashback. The ghost says that he is Muniyaandi (Rajkiran) and starts saying his flashback.

Muniyaandi was a kind-hearted poor man living in the slums with his daughter and other people. Muni's friend is Marakka Dhandapani MLA (Kadhal Dhandapani) uses him to win in elections. The MLA promises that he would give lands to the poor villagers. Dhandapani wins the election but he cheats Muni and the villagers. Muni fights with Dhandapaani but he kills both him and his daughter. Dhandapani lies to the villagers saying that Muni and his daughter had moved with the money he had given him for the welfare of the villagers.

Ganesh with ghost in him, enters Dhandapani's household and scare him and his assistants. Dhandapaani comes to know that the ghost of Muni is inside Ganesh's body so he gets a shaman (meaning:healer) (Rahul Dev) to save his life. Muni agrees to leave Dhandapani if he tells the true to the villagers and give them the money. He tells the true and gives the money. But Dhandapani was planning to get back all his money from the villagers. Ganesh upon hearing this kills Dhandapaani, but acts like as Muni's ghost killed him. The shaman knewing that Ganesh killed him and not the ghost, didn't tell the truth seeing the injustice made by Dhandapani.

Box office 
The film earned (grossed) around Rs. 15 crore worldwide and became a commercial success.

Muni series
Success of this film led to a horror comedy film series by Raghava Lawrence. He made two more films from this series named Muni2: Kanchana and Muni3: Kanchana 2. These became a present trendsetter in the Tamil cinema. These two film are also commercially successful and became mass hit films.

References

Tamil-language movies
Microsoft 4Afrika

Microsoft 4Afrika is a market development engine in Africa started by Microsoft  to create technology for the world by using talent of Africans. Microsoft 4Afrika invests in World-class skills, Access and Innovation.  It was launched in February 2013. Microsoft launched 4Afrika Initiative in Rwanda on 3 April 2013.

This project of 75 million USD aims to increase internet accessibility via smart devices, educate the African web developers and promote new Africentric technologies. Since 2013, 4Afrika is investing on the entrepreneurs, youth, small businesses, governments and markets. Microsoft partnered with Kenya's Ministry of Information and Communication and Indigo Telecom to reach underserved communities via solar-powered base stations. University of the People has a partnership with Microsoft 4Afrika to offer scholarships to study towards an associate’s degree in University.  4Afrika helps developers create and monetise their applications, and gain experience working with senior software developers in a number of programmes. It provides internships for the youth and education youth.  Microsoft 4Afrika with Wollo University and Tulane University – Center for Global Health Equity (CGHE) launched AppFactory Academy in Ethiopia for Wollo University IT graduates, and related computing discipline graduates.

Microsoft 4Afrika camps in the following African countries:
 Nigeria
 Ghana
 Ethiopia
 Kenya
Microsoft 4Afrika signed partnership with Tony Elumelu Foundation to provide tools, resources and mentorship to entrepreneurs enrolled in entrepreneurship programme of  foundation.

References 

Microsoft
Ghulam Ali Wahdat

Ghulam Ali wahdat is an ethnic Hazara politician in Afghanistan. He was the governor of Bamyan Province from (October, 2013 to June, 2015).

Gholamali Vahdat, son of Nawazesh Ali, was born in the year 1962 in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan.

References 

Hazara politicians
Hazara people