cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
This Land Is Your Land

"This Land Is Your Land" is one of the best known folk songs in the United States. Its lyrics were written by American folk singer Woody Guthrie in 1940, based on a melody that already existed. Guthrie's melody was very similar to the melody of "Oh, My Loving Brother". This was a Baptist gospel hymn that had been recorded by the Carter Family as "When the World's On Fire", and had inspired their "Little Darlin', Pal of Mine." He used the same melody for the chorus and the verses.

Guthrie did not like Irving Berlin's song "God Bless America", sung at that time by Kate Smith. Guthrie was angry with the positive (smug) attitude of the song. He thought it was not realistic and the words sounded too proud of the country. The song was popular and was being played on the radio all the time. Tired of hearing it on the radio, he wrote a response originally named "God Blessed America For Me".

Guthrie rewrote the lyrics and the title over time and the song finally became "This Land Is Your Land".  He sometimes added more overtly political verses in line with his views of communism than appear in recordings or publications.

Although Gutrie wrote the song in 1940, he did not record it until 1944. The song was not published until 1945, when it was included in a mimeographed booklet of ten songs with typed lyrics and hand drawings. The booklet was sold for twenty-five cents, and was copyrighted in 1951.

The first known professionally printed publication was in 1956 by Ludlow Music (now a unit of The Richmond Organization), which administered the publishing rights to Guthrie's song. Ludlow later issued versions with piano and guitar accompaniments.

In 2002, it was one of 50 recordings chosen that year by the Library of Congress to be added to the National Recording Registry.

References

Other websites
 Library of Congress download
 The Bound for Glory exhibit at the Museum of Musical Instruments includes images of Guthrie
 1972 published version
 lyrics as copyrighted in 1956
 Lyrics 
 
 
 Woody Guthrie's copyright notice at City of Sound

1940s songs
Folk music
Toms River, New Jersey

Toms River, New Jersey is a township in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

Townships in New Jersey
County seats in New Jersey
Ocean County, New Jersey
Shafiqa Quraishi

Shafiqa Quraishi is an Afghan activist for women's rights. In 2010, she received the International Women of Courage Award.

Life 

Shafiqa Quraishi graduated from the police academy in Kabul in 1982. In 2002, she started to rise inside the police department, after the fall of the Taliban.

Quraishi did not work from 1996 until 2001. Because of the Taliban in Afghanistan, women could not work.

Work 

In 2010, Quraishi became a police colonel and the director of Gender, Human and Child Rights in the Ministry of the Interior of Afghanistan.

In 2011, Quraishi became Afghanistan's most senior policewoman. 

Quraishi started a group on the Afghan National Gender Recruitment Strategy.  The goal of the group is to get 5,000 women to work in the Ministry of the Interior. 

She also worked to help women with child care, health care, maternity care, security, and skills training. Quraishi got promotions for women in the Afghan National Police who were unfairly passed over for years.

Awards 

In 2010, Quraishi won the International Women of Courage Award from the United States Department of State.

References

Other websites 

 2010 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr 
Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)

20th-century births
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Afghan activists
Human rights activists

Police officers
Women who received the International Women of Courage Award
Readhimer, Louisiana

Readhimer is an unincorporated community in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States.

Unincorporated communities in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
University of Paris-Saclay

The University of Paris-Saclay (UPS) is a public university in Paris, France. UPS has nine schools and two colleges. The university also has seven research departments. Called a mega-university, their goal is to reach the same level of excellence as MIT, Oxford, Cambridge and Harvard Universities. It is a center for scientific and technological research. UPS students, graduates, and faculty members are famous for being given many awards. The university was started in 2014. It is one of the most selective universities. The most popular major is engineering. It has already been called the "French Silicon Valley".

References

Other websites
 UPS, official web site

Colleges and universities in France
2014 establishments in Europe
Île-de-France
Paris
2010s establishments in France
Genome editing

Genome editing  is a type of genetic engineering.

DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or "molecular scissors". The nucleases make specific double-strand breaks (DSBs) at desired places in the genome. The cell’s own mechanisms repair the induced break(s) by natural processes. 

At present there are four families of engineered nucleases being used.

To understand the function of a gene or a protein one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way, and watches its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to do site-specific mutation. Therefore more indirect methods have to be used. Examples are: 

Silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA). Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. 

Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN. This is different from siRNA. The engineered nuclease (the enzyme which cuts the DNA) is able to modify DNA-binding. This way it can (in principle) cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce change in sequences for genes which cannot be specifically targeted  by conventional RNAi. 

Genome editing was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year. The technique is already being used, but implanting modified embryos into a woman is not yet permitted.

The CRISPR/Cas9 method 
In 2017 this system was announced as one of the biggest scientific achievements of the year. Cas9 is an enzyme which, with a guide RNA, can put a new sequence of DNA into a genome. Sir John Skehel said "That might allow you to knock out a particular gene in a cell, or introduce a particular gene, or correct a particular mutated gene that you want to work better".

References 

Genetic engineering
Small interfering RNA

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)  is a class of double-stranded RNA molecules, 20-25 base pairs long. 

siRNA plays many roles, but it is most notable in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, where it interferes with the expression of certain genes. Genes are only affected if they have nucleotide sequences complementary to those of the siRNA. 

siRNA functions by breaking down mRNA after transcription. This prevents   translation of the gene into protein. siRNA also acts in RNAi-related pathways, e.g., as an antiviral mechanism or in shaping the chromatin structure of a genome. The complexity of these pathways is only now being worked out.

References 

Genetic engineering
RNA
Harjit Sajjan

Harjit Singh Sajjan PC OMM MSM CD MP (born September 6, 1970) is a Canadian Liberal politician. He was the Canadian Minister of National Defence. Sajjan is also a Member of Parliament representing the Vancouver South riding. He was a decorated lieutenant-colonel in the Canadian Armed Forces. Before becoming a politician he spent 11 years as a police officer and detective.

References 

Living people
Privy Councillors (Canada)
1970 births
Politicians from British Columbia
People from Vancouver
Pledge of Allegiance

The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. It was originally composed by Colonel George Balch in 1887. It was changed by Francis Bellamy in 1892. It was formally adopted by the Congress as the pledge in 1942.

References 

American culture
1887
1880s works
Liberty, Indiana

Liberty is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,133. It is the county seat of Union County.

References

Towns in Indiana
County seats in Indiana
Arcadia, Indiana

Arcadia is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, there were 1,666 people living in Arcadia.

References

Towns in Indiana
List of awards and nominations received by Hugh Jackman

Australian actor and singer Hugh Jackman has won international recognition for his roles in major films, notably as superhero, period, and romance characters.

Film awards

Academy Awards

Australian Film Institute Award

BAFTA Awards

Broadcast Film Critics Association Award

Golden Globe Awards

MTV Movie Awards

Kids' Choice Award

Teen Choice Awards

People's Choice Awards

Saturn Award

Screen Actors Guild Awards

Empire Awards

Miscellaneous awards

Music awards

Grammy Awards

Television awards

Primetime Emmy Awards

Slammy Awards

Theatre awards

Drama Desk Award

Laurence Olivier Award

Tony Awards

Miscellaneous awards

Other accolades
In November 2008, People magazine named Jackman that year's "Sexiest Man Alive."

On 21 April 2009, Jackman had his hand and footprint ceremony at the Grauman's Chinese Theatre.

He was awarded Best Performance By A Human Male award as Wolverine and a joint award for Best Cast award during the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards for the game X-Men Origins: Wolverine.

In December 2012, Jackman received a star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame.

References

[hugh jackman won the golden globe awards in 2013]

Jackman, Hugh
Isometry

Isometry is a concept of geometry. Isometry means that one shape can be transformed into another, but metrics such as  the arrangement of the points with relation to each other stays the same. Examples for isometric transformations are moving a shape, or rotating it.

Geometry
Skeletal muscle

Skeletal muscle is a form of "striated" (striped) muscle tissue. It is under the voluntary control of the somatic nervous system. Most skeletal muscles are attached to bones by bundles of collagen fibers known as tendons. It is one of three muscle types, the others being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. 

Skeletal muscle is made up of individual muscle cells or myocytes, known as muscle fibres. Muscle fibres do the work when muscles contract. A great deal is known about their structure and how they work. They contract when they get a nerve impulse.

Notes 

Muscle tissue
Chris Stapleton

Chris Stapleton is an American country musician. He is signed to Universal Music Group in Nashville. He has written six number-one songs. Those songs include the five-week number one single "Never Wanted Nothing More" recorded by Kenny Chesney, "Love's Gonna Make It Alright" recorded by George Strait and "Come Back Song" recorded by Darius Rucker.

Singles
"Parachute" (2016)
"Broken Halos" (2017)
"Starting Over" (2020)

Promotional recording
"Tennessee Whiskey" (2015)

Albums 
Traveller (2015)
From A Room: Volume 1 (2017)
From A Room: Volume 2 (2017)
Starting Over (2020)

Related pages 
List of country musicians from Kentucky

References 

Country musicians from Tennessee
1978 births
Living people
Cardiac muscle

A cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is one of the three main types of muscle in vertebrates. It is involuntary: a person cannot control it consciously. Also, it is a striped muscle in the walls of the heart. It makes up the tissue called the myocardium. 

The other types of muscle are the skeletal and smooth muscle. The cells that make up cardiac muscle  have one (74%) or two (24.5%) nuclei. The myocardium forms a thick middle layer between the outer epicardium layer and the inner endocardium layer.

Coordinated contractions of cardiac muscle cells in the heart force blood out of the atria and ventricles to the blood vessels of the left/body/systemic and right/lungs/pulmonary circulatory systems. This mechanism illustrates systole (contraction) of the heart.

Cardiac muscle cells, unlike most other tissues in the body, rely on the coronary arteries to deliver oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products directly. There is no time for them to diffuse.

Problems of the myocardium 
The heart muscle can become sick and weak.  For example, if a person has very high blood pressure (hypertension), part of the heart muscle can get overworked.  The heart muscle becomes bigger and cannot do its job as well.  This is called hypertrophy.

If a person has a problem with the system that controls the heart, the heart muscle may not beat the way it needs to.  It may beat too slowly to get blood out to the body (this is called bradycardia).  Or it may beat so fast that the heart does not have time to fill with blood and then squeeze the blood out to the body.  This is called tachycardia (there are many kinds).

The heart gets blood through the coronary arteries.  These are special blood vessels that carry blood only to the heart.  In order to do its job, the heart muscle needs a constant supply of blood and oxygen from the coronary arteries.  If these coronary arteries get blocked, blood flow to the heart muscle can stop.  Without blood flow, the heart muscle gets no oxygen.  If this lasts long enough, the part of the heart muscle which is not getting enough oxygen dies.  This is called a myocardial infarction, or a heart attack.

References 

Animal tissues
Muscle tissue
Selimiye Mosque

The Selimiye Mosque (Turkish: Selimiye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque, which is in  Edirne, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II, and was built by architect Mimar Sinan between 1569 and 1575.

References 

World Heritage Sites in Turkey
Mosques in Turkey
Dylan O'Brien

Dylan O'Brien (born August 26, 1991) is an American actor and musician. He is best know for his role as "Stiles" Stilinski in the MTV series Teen Wolf. O'Brien also plays Thomas in the science fiction adventures Maze Runner Series.

Early life 
O'Brien was born in New York City. His parents are Lisa O'Brien, a former actress and Patrick O'Brien, a camera operator. He grew up in Springfield Township, New Jersey. When he was twelve his family moved to Hermosa Beach, California. His father has Irish ancestry. His mother has Italian, English and Spanish ancestry. When he graduated from Mira Costa High School in 2009, he planned to attend Syracuse University as a sport broadcasting major, but he decided to move to Los Angeles to pursue an acting career. At fourteen, O'Brien began to post videos on his Youtube channel. Because of that, a local producer and director discovered him.

Career 
He went to several auditions. After meeting a manager he got one of the main roles in MTV's Teen Wolf, a series based on the 1985 movie of the same name. He was originally planning to audition for the role of Scott, but after reading the script, O'Brien decided to audition for the role of Stiles. In 2013, O'Brien co-starred in the comedy movie The Internship, with Vince Vaughn and Owen Wilson. O'Brien played the lead role as Thomas in The Maze Runner, a movie adaptation of the novel of the same name. They began filming in the summer of 2013. At the end of October 2014, he started filming the sequel Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials in New Mexico. It was released on September  18, 2015 in the United States.

Personal life 
O'Brien was in a relationship with the actress Britt Robertson. They met on the set of The First Time in 2011. In October of 2018, news broke that the couple had split.O'brien is know for keeping his life private from social media. Because of this, there is no news on his current relationship status.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

Other websites 

 Dylan O'Brien profile on MTV

1991 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
Rebecca Soler

Rebecca Soler is an American voice actress who dubbed cartoons and anime for 4Kids Entertainment, Fox, Nickelodeon, Central Park Media and DuArt Film and Video. She grew up in Boston, MA and move it to Sugar Land, Texas. She is sometimes credited under the name "Jessica Paquet".

Voice roles

Animation 
Chaotic - Sarah
Huntik - Sophie Casterwill
Viva Pinata - Ella Elephanilla and Simone Cinnamonkey
Winx Club 
 Tecna (Season 3) (4Kids dub)
 Stella (Season 7) (DuArt Dub)

Anime 
Magical DoRemi - Reanne Griffith
Outlanders - Battia (CPM dub)
Yu-Gi-Oh! Zexal - Hart Tenjo & Kari Tsukumo

Source
Resume 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Actors from Texas
American voice actors
Fenethylline

Fenethylline, the generic name of Captagon, was first produced in the 1960s to treat hyperactivity, narcolepsy, and depression. It was banned in most countries by the 1980s for being too addictive. 

It remains popular in the Middle East and is used as a stimulant in the area to aid in combat. 

The drug is cheap and simple to produce, using ingredients that are easy and often legal to obtain, yet sells for up to $20 a tablet. A Lebanese psychiatrist, Ramzi Haddad, said that Captagon had "the typical effects of a stimulant", producing "a kind of euphoria. You're talkative, you don't sleep, you don't eat, you're energetic."

Drugs
Constitutionality

Constitutionality refers to the agreement with a nations constitution, especially a law. When a law violates a constitution, it is unconstitutional. Most constitutional issues in the United States involve the Bill of Rights. These are the first 10 amendments to the US constitution. Something that is unconstitutional refers to an action by a government that violates that government's authority. Most constitutions establish the powers that a government may have. Only a government action can violate a state or federal constitution. An example is the US Constitution that guarantees that the United States may not have an official religion. This is why holiday decorations at a city hall displaying only Christian images would be unconstitutional.

References 

Legal terms
Constitutions
Atlanta, Indiana

Atlanta is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 725.

References

Towns in Indiana
Gunnar Hansen

Gunnar Hansen (March 4, 1947 – November 7, 2015) was an Icelandic-American actor and author. He was best known for playing the mentally-ill cannibal Leatherface in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). 

Hansen was born in Reykjavík, Iceland. He was raised in Maine and in Austin, Texas. He studied at the University of Texas at Austin. Hansen died of pancreatic cancer on November 7, 2015 at the age of 68.

References

Other websites
Gunnar Hansen official web site

1947 births
2015 deaths
Actors from Austin, Texas
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (franchise)
Actors from Maine
American movie actors
American video game actors
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Disease-related deaths in Maine
Gunnar Hansen
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Gunnar Hansen
Writers from Maine
Writers from Texas
José Ángel Espinoza

José Ángel Espinoza Aragón (October 2, 1919 – November 6, 2015), also known as Ferrusquilla, was a Mexican singer-songwriter and movie actor. He was the father of actress Angélica Aragón. He also was a composer working with the SACM (Society of Authors and Composers of Mexico)  He was known for his roles in House of Evil and in Two Mules for Sister Sara. He was born in Mazatlán, Sinaloa.

Espinoza died in Mexico City, Mexico from pneumonia, aged 96.

References

Other websites
 

1919 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican singer-songwriters
Sinaloa
Hamilton County, Indiana

Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2010 census, the county's population was 274,569. The county seat is Noblesville.

Cities
Carmel
Fishers
Noblesville
Westfield

Towns
Arcadia
Atlanta
Cicero
Sheridan

References

Indiana counties
1823 establishments in Indiana
1993 San Marino Grand Prix

The 1993 San Marino Grand Prix (known as the 13° Gran Premio di San Marino by the people putting on the race) was a Formula One motor race held on 25 April 1993 at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Imola, Italy. It was the third race of the 1993 Formula One season.

Classification

Qualifying

Race

Standings after the race

Drivers' Championship standings

Constructors' Championship standings

Other websites 

San Marino Grand Prix
San Marino Grand Prix
1990s in Italy
PSA Flight 182

Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) Flight 182 was a Boeing 727-214 commercial airliner, registration,  that crashed with a private Cessna 172 light aircraft over San Diego, California on September 25, 1978. 

It was Pacific Southwest Airlines' first fatal accident. The death toll of 144 makes it the deadliest aircraft disaster in California history. Until the crash of American Airlines Flight 191, it was also the deadliest plane crash in U.S. aviation history.

Both aircraft crashed into North Park, a San Diego neighborhood, killing all 137 people on both aircraft and seven people on the ground in houses, including two children. Nine others on the ground were injured and 22 homes were destroyed or damaged by the impact and the spreading of debris.

Other websites
Article about Flight 182  on PSA History Page
PSA Flight 182 & 1771 Memorial Page at The PSA History Museum
San Diego magazine 20th anniversary article about the PSA Disaster - Archived copy from www.archive.org
"Death Over San Diego", Time Magazine, October 9, 1978 
TV Channel 10 (in San Diego) 25th Anniversary article with eyewitness accounts 

1978 in California
Aviation disasters in the 1970s
History of San Diego, California
Aviation disasters in the United States
September events
Harrisville, New Hampshire

Harrisville is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population of the town was 961 at the 2010 census. It was founded in 1870.

References

Towns in New Hampshire
1870 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in New Hampshire
Gerhard Sommer

Gerhard Sommer (born 24 June 1921) is a former SS-Untersturmführer (Second Lieutenant) in the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS. He was involved in the massacre of 560 civilians on 12 August 1944 in the Italian village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema. He is on the Simon Wiesenthal Center's list of most wanted Nazi war criminals.

As of May 2006 Sommer was living in a nursing home in Hamburg-Volksdorf, Germany. In May 2015 Sommer was declared unfit for trial by prosecutors in Germany

References

Other websites
  „Die NS-Mörder sind noch unter uns. SS-Kriegsverbrecher Gerhard Sommer lebt bis heute unbehelligt in Hamburg.“ 
  Rechtspolitische Initiative zum Fall Gerhard Sommer aus dem Forschungsansatz „Systemkritik: Deutsche Justizverbrechen“
  Das Massaker von Sant’Anna di Stazzema am 12. August 1944 - Materialiensammlung 1 für eine bundesweite Kampagne zur Anklageerhebung in Deutschland 

1921 births
Living people
German war criminals
People from Saxony
SS officers
Waffen-SS people
Tom Graveney

Thomas William "Tom" Graveney OBE (16 June 1927 – 3 November 2015) was a leading English cricketer. He represented his country in 79 Test matches and scoring over 4,800 runs. In a career lasting from 1948 to 1972, he was the 15th person to score one hundred first-class centuries, and the first post-war player to do so.

Early life
Graveney was born in Riding Mill, Hexham, Northumberland on 16 June 1927. His brother was Ken Graveney, also a cricketer. Graveney studied at the Bristol Grammar School.

Career
He played for Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, and helped Worcestershire win the county championship for the first time in their history. His achievements for England after being recalled in 1966 have been described as "the stuff of legend." Graveney was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1953, captained England on one occasion and was awarded the OBE while still playing.

In later life he worked as a cricket commentator for BBC Television and was the first former professional to be President of the Marylebone Cricket Club.  He was one of the first 55 players inducted to the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame in 2009.

Personal life
Graveney was married to Jackie Graveney from 1952 until her death of Alzheimer's disease in 2013. Graveney's brother, Ken, died on 25 October 2015. A week after his brother's death, Graveney died on 3 November 2015 from Parkinson's disease at the age of 88.

References

Other websites

 ESPN Cricket biography
 Cricket Archive biography

1927 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
English cricketers
Sportspeople from Northumberland
NoSQL

A very common programming language for accessing a database is called SQL. Many of these databases use the mathematical concept of relations to store the data. NoSQL is a term for databases that do not use relations, to store the data. Relational databases have the benefit of being able to guarantee that all the data stored in the database is consistent. The drawback of this is that the cost of indexing the data grows with the amount of data. 

NoSQL approaches do not give strong guarantees about consistency, but they are able to better handle the situations where relational database systems have problems coping.

NoSQL is a non-relational DBMS, that does not require a fixed schema, avoid joins, and is easy to scale.

The purpose of using a NoSQL database is for distributed data stores with humongous data storage needs.

NoSQL is used for Big data and real-time web apps. For example, companies like twitter, Facebook, google collect terabytes of user data every single day.

Database modeling
Rhea Chiles

Rhea Chiles (December 1, 1930 – November 8, 2015) was an American philanthropist and writer. She was the former First Lady of the State of Florida serving from 1991 to 1998. She was married to the late Governor Lawton Chiles. 

In 1998, Chiles founded The Lawton Chiles Foundation, which carries on the commitment of her husband to benefit the lives of children in Florida. In 2009, Chiles was designated a Distinguished Floridian by the Florida Economics Club at an event hosted by former Florida Supreme Court Justice Major B. Harding and keynoted by former United States Senator Sam Nunn. 

Chiles died from a long-illness at her home in Anna Maria Islands, Florida at the age of 84.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
American philanthropists
Disease-related deaths in Florida
Writers from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
University of Florida alumni
Charles Duncan Michener

Charles Duncan Michener (September 22, 1918 – November 1, 2015) was an American entomologist. He was born in Pasadena, California. He was a leading expert on bees, his magnum opus being The Bees of the World.

References

His books
 Michener, C. D. (1974). The Social Behavior of the Bees. Harvard University Press. 404 pp.
 Michener, C. D. (2000). The Bees of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. 913 pp.

1918 births
2015 deaths
Scientists from Pasadena, California
Writers from Pasadena, California
Maduluwawe Sobitha Thero

Maduluwawe Sobitha Thero (; 29 May 1942 –  8 November 2015) was a Sinhalese Buddhist Bikku. He was a well-known socialist and social justice activist. He was a Buddhist style non-violent revolutionary and he led campaigns that toppled the Sri-Lankan government on several occasions. He was the chief monk of the Kotte Naga Vihara. He played a key role to bring a new government in 2015 defeating Mahinda Rajapaksa, where he supported a common candidate Maithripala Sirisena for presidency, and Ranil Wickremesinghe to form a new government.    

Ven Sobitha died at the age of 73 on 8 November 2015 from multiple organ failure at the Mount Elizabeth Hospital in Singapore.

References

1942 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Sri Lankan people
Buddhists
Socialists
Activists
Skandagupta

Skandagupta () (died 467) was a Gupta Emperor of northern India. People do not know who his ancestors were. He faced some of the greatest challenges in the annals of the empire having to contend with the Pushyamitras and the Hunas (a name by which the "White Huns" were known in India). He died in 467.

Indian monarchs
Emperors and empresses
467 deaths
Year of birth missing
Piotr Domaradzki

Piotr Krystian Domaradzki (June 21, 1946 – November 4, 2015) was a Polish-American journalist, essayist and historian. He had a longtime association with Chicago's Polish community. He worked for 30 years at Dziennik Związkowy (Alliance Daily), the oldest and largest Polish language newspaper in the United States. From October 2009 to March 2013, he served as the paper's editor-in-chief. He emigrated from Poland in 1984 and became a U.S. citizen in 1996.

Domaradzki died in Chicago, Illinois from complications following injuries sustained in a house fire, aged 69.

References

1946 births
2015 deaths
American historians
American journalists
Naturalized citizens of the United States

Polish writers
Deaths from fire
John Speraw

John Speraw is an American volleyball coach. He is the head coach of the United States men's national volleyball team and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He was the former coach of the University of California, Irvine volleyball program. There he led the team to three national titles in six years. Speraw graduated from UCLA in 1995 with a B.S. degree in microbiology and molecular genetics.

Living people
American volleyball coaches
Sportspeople from California
The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie

The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie is the 1962 debut album by Stevie Wonder (then known as "Little Stevie Wonder") on the Tamla (a label owned by Motown) label. Wonder was eleven years old when it was released. It was also the first album Wonder released in 1962, the second was Tribute to Uncle Ray.

Background
This is Wonder's only studio album in which he does not sing; he plays on percussion, the keyboard, and the harmonica.  Wonder's mentors Clarence Paul and Henry Cosby wrote and produced the songs on The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie Wonder, with Wonder also co-writing two of the songs on the album.

Track listing

Side one
"Fingertips" (Henry Cosby, Clarence Paul) – 3:00
"The Square" (Cosby, Paul) – 3:03
"Soul Bongo" (Marvin Gaye, Paul) – 2:20
"Manhattan at Six" (Cosby, Paul) – 3:47
"Paulsby" (Cosby, Paul) – 2:47

Side two
"Some Other Time" (Cosby, Paul) – 5:11
"Wondering" (Paul, Stevie Wonder) – 2:51
"Session Number 112" (Paul, Wonder) – 3:18
"Bam" (Berry Gordy, Jr.) – 3:34

References

1960s albums
Debut albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Jazz albums
Tribute to Uncle Ray

Tribute to Uncle Ray is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder (then known as "Little Stevie Wonder") . It was released in October 1962, not long after Wonder's debut album The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie, which was also released in 1962.

Background
The album was released to match the success of Ray Charles who was also a blind African American R&B singer.

Track listing
All songs composed by Ray Charles, except where indicated.

"Hallelujah I Love Her So"
"Ain't That Love"
"Don't You Know"
"The Masquerade" (Herbert Magidson, Allie Wrubel)
"Frankie & Johnny" (Traditional)
"Drown in My Own Tears" (Henry Glover)
"Come Back Baby"
"Mary Ann"
"Sunset" (Stevie Wonder, Clarence Paul)
"My Baby's Gone" (Berry Gordy, Jr.)

References

1960s albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Jazz albums
Davidson County, Tennessee

Davidson County is a county located in middle Tennessee. The state capitol, Nashville, is in Davidson County and is the county seat. As of the 2010 census, the county's population was 626,681 people.

Tennessee counties
Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius

Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius is the first live album by Stevie Wonder (then known as "Little Stevie Wonder") . The album was released on the Tamla record label on May 31, 1963. It was also the first album that Wonder released in 1963, the second was With a Song in My Heart.

Track listing 
"Fingertips" (Henry Cosby, Clarence Paul) – 6:40
"Soul Bongo" (Marvin Gaye, Paul) – 3:01
"La La La La La" (Paul) – 2:34
"(I'm Afraid) The Masquerade Is Over" (Herbert Magidson, Allie Wrubel) – 5:13
"Hallelujah I Love Her So" (Ray Charles) – 2:48
"Drown in My Own Tears" (Henry Glover) – 3:23
"Don't You Know" (Charles, Berry Gordy) – 3:19

Chart positions

References 

1963 albums
Live CD
R&B albums
Soul albums
Jazz albums
With a Song in My Heart (Stevie Wonder album)

With a Song In My Heart is Stevie Wonder's third album, released in 1963 on the Tamla label. The album was the first album of Wonder's not to be released as "Little Stevie Wonder" because he was getting older and taller. It was also the second album of Wonder's to be released in 1963.

Track listing
"With a Song in My Heart" (Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers) – 3:11
"When You Wish Upon a Star" (Ned Washington, Leigh Harline) – 2:59
"Smile" (Charlie Chaplin, Geoffrey Parsons, John Turner) – 3:20
"Make Someone Happy" (Betty Comden, Adolph Green, Jule Styne) – 5:04
"Dream" (Johnny Mercer) – 2:50
"Put on a Happy Face" (Charles Strouse, Lee Adams) – 2:37
"On the Sunny Side of the Street" (Dorothy Fields, Jimmy McHugh) – 3:58
"Get Happy" (Harold Arlen, Ted Koehler) – 2:12
"Give Your Heart a Chance" (Ron Miller, Orlando Murden, O'Neil) – 2:16
"Without a Song" (Edward Eliscu, Billy Rose, Vincent Youmans) – 4:14

References

1963 albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Jazz albums
List of bridges in Azerbaijan

This is a list of bridges in Azerbaijan.

Historic bridges

Modern bridges

Related pages
List of bridges

Notes

Buildings and structures in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II

The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft. It is the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. It is capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL). The aircraft was designed in the late 1970s as an Anglo-American development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational V/STOL aircraft. It can hover like a helicopter but can also fly like a jet at near supersonic speeds. It is named after the a bird of prey. It is primarily used on light attack or multi-role missions. These range from close air support of ground troops to armed reconnaissance. The AV-8B is used by the United States Marine Corps (USMC), the Spanish Navy, and the Italian Navy. A variant of the AV-8B, the British Aerospace Harrier II, was developed for the British military. Another is the TAV-8B, is a dedicated two-seat trainer.

The project that eventually led to the AV-8B's creation started in the early 1970s. It was a cooperative effort between the United States and United Kingdom (UK). it was aimed at working on solving the problems of the first-generation Harrier. Early efforts centered on a larger, more powerful Pegasus engine to improve the Harrier's performance. The UK dropped out of the project in 1975.

Following the withdrawal of the UK, McDonnell Douglas extensively redesigned the earlier AV-8A Harrier to create the AV-8B. While retaining the general layout of its predecessor, the aircraft uses a new wing, an elevated cockpit, a redesigned fuselage, one extra hardpoint per wing, and other structural and aerodynamic changes. The aircraft is powered by an upgraded version of the Pegasus, which gives the aircraft its V/STOL ability. The AV-8B made its maiden flight in November 1981 and entered service with the USMC in January 1985. Later upgrades added a night-attack capability and radar. This resulted in the AV-8B(NA) and AV-8B Harrier II Plus, respectively. An enlarged version named Harrier III was also studied, but was not built. The UK, through British Aerospace, re-joined the improved Harrier project as a partner in 1981. After corporate mergers in the 1990s, Boeing and BAE Systems have jointly supported the program. Approximately 340 aircraft were produced in a 22-year production program that ended in 2003.

References 

Military aircraft
Pevensey

Pevensey is a village and civil parish in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. The main village is located 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Eastbourne, one mile (1.6 km) inland from Pevensey Bay.  The settlement of  Pevensey Bay forms part of the parish. It was here that William the Conqueror first landed on and invaded England in 1066 after crossing the English Channel from Normandy, France.

Name
The name Pevensey was first recorded in 947 as Pefenesea, meaning "River of [a man named] Pefen". It comes from the Anglo-Saxon personal name Pefen plus eã, meaning "river". This is probably a reference to the now largely silted-up marshes.

History

In the 290s the Romans built a fort at Pevensey, which they named Anderitum. In 471 Saxons attacked Pevensey and the fort was abandoned for centuries. When William the Conqueror invaded England in September 1066, he landed at Pevensey. The bay provided a safe haven for his fleet of 700 ships. The English army had been awaiting Duke William's arrival on the south coast all summer. With supplies running short King Harold allowed his soldiers to return home. When Harald Hardrada the king of Norway invaded northern England in late September, King Harold gathered his army and moved north to York, 250 miles away, to meet the invaders. William, meanwhile, moved his army and fleet to Hastings and built a castle while he awaited Harold and his army. 

After the Battle of Hastings the Roman fort at Pevensey was occupied by the Normans. It was given to Robert, Count of Mortain (William's half brother). Robert de Mortain built his castle there. The castle was besieged several times during the 11th–13th centuries. Queen Elizabeth I ordered that it be demolished but the order was ignored. As late as 1942 small additions were made to the castle for the defence of Britain. It became a lookout over the channel for German aircraft during World War II. Today the castle is in the upkeep of English Heritage.

References 

Villages in England
Deem Bristow

Deem Bristow (April 11 1947 - January 15 2005) was an American actor and voice actor who has done various voice roles in animated shows and video games. He was best known for his role as Dr. Eggman in the Sonic the Hedgehog video game series from 1998 to 2004.

Death
Bristow died on January 15, 2005 in  San Diego, California at the age of 57. His cause of death was confirmed as heart failure.

Filmography

Film
Freeway - TV interviewer
Glitch! - Newscaster
I Am Joe's Ear - Joe
Problem Child - Additional voices
Terminal Exposure - Anchorman

Television
Paranoia Agent - Masami Hirukawa
Rumic Theater: Mermaid Forest - Flower Shop Owner, Manager Hosoda
R.O.D the TV - Old Man, Chief Researcher
Quantum Leap - King
Spirit of Wonder: China-san no yûutsu - Breckenridge
Texhnolyze - The Sage Of Gabe

Video games
Angel Devoid: Face of the Enemy - Dr. Silvanus, Rev. Gold
Blue Stinger - Dogs Bower
Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth - Jack's Father, Cult Member, Cutter Urania Navigation Officer
D2 - Additional voices
Dark Seed - Additional voices
Diablo II - Meshif
Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas - Kenny Sinclair
Dungeon Lords - Galdryn, Lord Graemare, Urcula
High Seize - Black Barlow, Crimson Bob, Ezekiel Wiggins
Sonic Advance 3 - Dr. Eggman
Sonic Adventure - Dr. Eggman
Sonic Adventure 2 - Dr. Eggman
Sonic Battle - Dr. Eggman
Sonic Heroes - Dr. Eggman
Sonic Riders - Dr. Eggman (archive footage)
Sonic Shuffle - Dr. Eggman

References

Other websites

1947 births
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American voice actors
2005 deaths
Vladimir Alekno

Vladimir Romanovich Alekno; (born in Polotsk on 4 December 1966) is a former Russian volleyball player and current volleyball coach. He coaches the Russia men's national volleyball team. He also leads a professional team in Kazan, Russia.

Alekno coached the national volleyball team in 2007-2008 and 2011-2012. Under his leadership, the Russian players won the gold medal in 2012 and the bronze medal in 2008 in the Summer Olympic Games. As well, they won the World League and the World Cup both in 2011.

References 

Russian volleyball players
Volleyball coaches
Living people
1966 births
Daniel Castellani

Daniel Jorge Castellani (born 21 March 1961) is a former Argentine volleyball player and coach, a member of Argentina men's national volleyball team in 1976-1988, bronze medalist of the Olympic Games Seoul 1988, a participant of the Olympic Games Los Angeles 1984, head coach of Sir Safety Perugia.

1961 births
Living people
Argentine volleyball players
Volleyball coaches
Raúl Lozano

Raúl Lucio Lozano (born September 3, 1956 in La Plata, Argentina) is a former Argentine volleyball player. He first coached for Estudiantes de La Plata. In 2005-2008 Lozano was the head coach of Poland's national volleyball team.  He has also coached other top-level teams in Europe including teams from Italy, Greece, and Spain. He led the Polish national team to win a silver medal at the 2006 World championship held in Japan. His Polish team lost to Italy in the quarter final round of the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing. In 2009 he coached the German team for two years. He was then the head coach of Czarni Radom in Poland. 

On November 17, 2015, it was announced that Raúl Lucio will coach the Iranian national volleyball team.  He replaced Slobodan Kovac who is the former coach of the Iranian team.

References

Living people
Argentine volleyball players
Volleyball coaches
1956 births
Jackie Evancho

Jacqueline Marie "Jackie" Evancho ( ; born April 9, 2000) is an American classical crossover singer. Evancho plays piano, flute, and is also a songwriter. She gained wide recognition at an early age. Since 2009, Evancho has released an EP and five studio albums. She has one platinum and one gold album. Evancho has even performed at Carnegie Hall.

Between 2008 and 2010, Evancho entered several talent competitions. She made singing appearances, mostly in Pennsylvania. She also attracted interest on YouTube. In 2010, at age ten, she gained wider popularity with her performances in the fifth season of the America's Got Talent competition. She finished in second place behind Michael Grimm. Evancho starred in the 2012 movie "The Company You Keep" with Robert Redford.

References 

American child singers
Singers from Pennsylvania
American pop singers
2000 births
Living people
Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
American Roman Catholics
American child actors
American movie actors
American opera singers
Musicians from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Sopranos
Bowerhill

Bowerhill is a suburb of Melksham, Wiltshire, England. It is located to the south of the town. There is a small primary school, a Tesco store and a sports centre in the village. During World War II, Bowerhill was home of a major Royal Air Force Station, RAF Melksham.

References 

Villages in Wiltshire
Stevie at the Beach

Stevie at the Beach is the fourth album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder released on the Tamla (Motown) label on June 23, 1964. He wouldn't release another album until Up-Tight which was released in 1966, two years later.

Track listing
"Castles in the Sand" (Hal Davis, Marc Gordon, Mary O'Brien, Frank Wilson) - 2:11
"Ebb Tide" (Robert Maxwell, Carl Sigman) - 1:45
"Sad Boy" (Dorsey Burnette, Gerald Nelson) - 2:28
"Red Sails in the Sunset" (Hugh Williams) - 2:01
"The Beachcomber" (Stevie Wonder) - 1:46
"Castles in the Sand (Instrumental)" (Davis, Gordon, O'Brien, Wilson) - 1:52
"Happy Street" (George Everette Hemric, Jule Styne) - 2:19
"The Party at the Beach House" (Frank Wilson) - 2:03
"Hey Harmonica Man" (Marty Cooper, Lou Josie) - 2:38
"Beachstomp" (Hal Davis,  Frank Wilson) - 2:38
"Beyond the Sea" (Charles Trenet, Jack Lawrence) - 2:46

References

1964 albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Arden Hayes

Arden Hayes (born January 30, 2008) is a middle school student from Southern California, United States. Because of his great knowledge of American presidents, he became famous at the age of five, in addition to reciting Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and being able to identify the countries of the worlds and their capitals.

His interest in  American presidents, started when he was learning about who was born on his birthday, and he realized that he was born the same day that Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

On July 2, 2013, Arden appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! to demonstrate his knowledge of the U.S. presidents. On November 5, 2013, Arden appeared again on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and this time showed his knowledge of the countries of the world and their capitals, in addition to decline a free Sony Xperia Tablet Z because he preferred to wait until Christmas to receive an Apple iPad. He appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live! for third time on April 2, 2014, to show his knowledge of the  elements in the periodic table.

References 

2008 births
Living people
People from California
Child prodigies
Ernst Fuchs

Ernst Fuchs (February 13, 1930 – November 9, 2015) was an Austrian painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, architect, stage designer, composer, poet, and singer. He was born in Vienna. He was one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism. In 1972, he bought the Otto Wagner Villa in Hütteldorf, which he restored and transformed. The villa was inaugurated as the Ernst Fuchs Museum in 1988.

Fuchs died at the age of 85 on November 9, 2015 in Vienna.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths

Austrian architects
Austrian composers
Austrian painters
Austrian poets
Singers from Vienna
Musicians from Vienna
Writers from Vienna
Tommy Hanson

Thomas J. "Tommy" Hanson Jr. (August 28, 1986 – November 9, 2015) was an American professional baseball pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Atlanta Braves and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. Hanson made his MLB debut with Atlanta that season, and played with the Braves through 2012. He pitched his final season in 2013 with the Angels, who had acquired him in a trade.

On November 9, 2015, Hanson was reported to be in a coma with "catastrophic organ failure." He died at Piedmont Hospital in Atlanta later that night at the age of 29.

References

1986 births
2015 deaths
Atlanta Braves players
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in Atlanta
Sportspeople from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Pat Eddery

Patrick James John "Pat" Eddery (18 March 1952 – 10 November 2015) was an Irish flat racing jockey and horse trainer. He was born in Newbridge, County Kildare.

He rode three winners of the Epsom Derby, and was Champion Jockey eleven times. He is co-holder of the record for most wins in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. He rode the winners of 4,632 British flat races, a figure passed only by Sir Gordon Richards.

Eddery died on 10 November 2015 from cirrhosis, aged 63. He had long battled alcoholism.

References

1952 births
2015 deaths
County Kildare
Deaths from cirrhosis
Equestrians

Sportspeople from the Republic of Ireland