cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Emperor Kenzō

was the 23rd  emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Kenzō to be possibly legendary, but probable.  The name Kenzō-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations. 

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

Traditional history 
Kenzō was a grandson of Emperor Richū; and he was adopted as heir by the childless Emperor Seinei.

Events of Kenzō's life 
Very little is known about the events of Kenzō's life and reign.  Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Kenzō. 

According to the Imperial Household Agency, Kenzō final resting place is in an earthen tumulus (kofun). This emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Kofun period

References 

Emperors of Japan
Kofun

are earthen tombs or tumuli in Japan.  They were constructed between the early 3rd century and early 7th century. 

These burial mounds are referenced in the name of the Kofun period (middle 3rd century - early-middle 6th century). 

Many of the kofun have a keyhole-shaped mound () which is unique to ancient Japan.

Related pages
William Gowland, English engineer who made the first survey for Saki kofun group
Ernest Satow, English diplomat who wrote about kofun in Kozuke for the Asiatic Society of Japan

References
飛鳥高松塚 (Takamatsuzuka, Asuka), 橿原考古学研究所編, 明日香村, 1972.
前方後円墳 (Keyhole-shaped kofun), 上田宏範,  学生社, 東京, 1969.
前方後円墳と古代日朝関係 (Keyhole-shaped kofun and diplomatic relations between ancient Japan and Korea), 朝鮮学会編, 東京, 同成社, 2002.

Other websites

 Japanese Archaeology: Kofun Culture
 Kofun Period
 Prehistoric Archaeology of Japan  

History of Japan
Burial monuments and structures
Julio César Romero

Julio César Romero (born 28 August 1960) is a former Paraguayan football player. He has played for Paraguay national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1980||rowspan="4"|New York Cosmos||rowspan="4"|NASL||32||14
|-
|1981||21||4
|-
|1982||21||6
|-
|1983||25||10

|-
|1984||rowspan="5"|Fluminense||rowspan="5"|Série A||12||5
|-
|1985||17||5
|-
|1986||9||0
|-
|1987||15||3
|-
|1988||25||6

|-
|1988/89||Barcelona||La Liga||7||1

|-
|1989/90||Puebla||Primera División||13||2
99||34
78||19
7||1
13||2
197||57
|}

International career statistics

|-
!Total||34||13
|}

References

1960 births
Living people
Paraguayan footballers
Lee Jong-Min

Lee Jong-Min (born 21 May 1987) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2006||Montedio Yamagata||rowspan="3"|J. League 2|| || || || || || 
|-
|2009||Tochigi || || || || || || 
|-
|2010||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka|| || || || || || 
|-
|2011||J. League 1|| || || || || || 
|-
|2012||Matsumoto Yamaga||J. League 2|| || || || || || 
 || || || || || 
 || || || || || 
|}

References

Other websites
 Lee Jong-Min at Guardian.co.uk 

1987 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Sin Byung-Ho

Sin Byung-Ho (born 26 April 1975) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||28||11||3||2||0||0||31||13

|-
|2002||Ulsan Hyundai||K-League||0||0||||||7||1||7||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="4"|Chunnam Dragons||rowspan="4"|K-League||26||8||||||0||0||26||8
|-
|2003||42||16||5||4||colspan="2"|-||47||20
|-
|2004||12||2||0||0||9||1||21||3
|-
|2005||8||0||0||0||0||0||8||0
|-
|2006||Gyeongnam||K-League||16||2||2||1||10||3||28||6
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Jeju United||rowspan="2"|K-League||8||0||1||0||6||0||15||0
|-
|2008||2||2||1||0||4||0||7||2
28||11||3||2||0||0||31||13
114||30||9||5||36||5||159||40
142||41||12||7||36||5||190||53
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1998||1||0
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Fernando Almeida de Oliveira

Fernando Almeida de Oliveira (born 18 June 1978) is a Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="7"|Vitória||rowspan="7"|Série A||2||0||||||||||||||2||0
|-
|1997||1||0||||||||||||||1||0
|-
|1998||1||0||||||||||||||1||0
|-
|1999||21||3||||||||||||||21||3
|-
|2000||11||0||||||||||||||11||0
|-
|2001||18||4||||||||||||||18||4
|-
|2002||21||5||||||||||||||21||5

|-
|2003||rowspan="4"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||27||5||4||0||4||1||3||2||38||8
|-
|2004||26||5||3||0||7||1||colspan="2"|-||36||6
|-
|2005||30||2||2||1||2||2||colspan="2"|-||34||5
|-
|2006||19||7||0||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||22||8

|-
|2007||Cruzeiro||Série A||2||0||||||||||||||2||0
77||12||||||||||||||77||12
102||19||9||1||16||5||3||2||130||27
179||31||9||1||16||5||3||2||207||39
|}

References

1978 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Derlis Florentín

Derlis Florentín (9 January 1984 - 28 March 2010) was a former Paraguayan football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2005||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||17||8||0||0||17||8
|-
|2005||Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||19||1||0||0||19||1
36||9||0||0||36||9
36||9||0||0||36||9
|}

References

1984 births
2010 deaths
Paraguayan footballers
An Sun-Jin

An Sun-Jin (born 19 September 1975) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

References

Other websites

1975 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Joseph-Désiré Job

Joseph-Désiré Job (born 1 December 1977) is a Cameroonian football player. He plays for Lierse and Cameroon national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="3"|Division 1||0||0
|-
|1997/98||22||5
|-
|1998/99||19||6
|-
|1999/00||Lens||Division 1||24||4

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="2"|Premier League||13||3
|-
|2001/02||4||0

|-
|2001/02||Metz||Division 1||13||2

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="4"|Premier League||28||4
|-
|2003/04||24||6
|-
|2004/05||23||4
|-
|2005/06||1||0

|-
|2005/06||Al-Ittihad Jeddah||Professional League||28||9

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Sedan Ardennes||Ligue 1||25||9
|-
|2007/08||Ligue 2||3||0
|-
|2007/08||Nice||Ligue 1||9||0

|-
|2008/09||Al-Kharitiyath||Stars League||23||7

|-
|2009/10||Diyarbakırspor||Süper Lig||8||0

|-
|2009/10||Lierse||Second Division||||
115||26
93||17
28||9
23||7
8||0
0||0
267||59
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1997||2||0
|-
|1998||11||1
|-
|1999||3||2
|-
|2000||6||0
|-
|2001||6||0
|-
|2002||3||0
|-
|2003||6||1
|-
|2004||3||1
|-
|2005||2||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||3||0
|-
|2008||3||2
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
!Total||49||7
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Cameroonian footballers
Terry Venables

Terry Venables (born 6 January 1943) is a former English football player. He has played for England national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1959/60||rowspan="7"|Chelsea||rowspan="3"|First Division||1||0
|-
|1960/61||36||0
|-
|1961/62||12||1
|-
|1962/63||Second Division||42||2
|-
|1963/64||rowspan="3"|First Division||38||8
|-
|1964/65||39||7
|-
|1965/66||34||8
|-
|1965/66||rowspan="4"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="4"|First Division||1||0
|-
|1966/67||41||3
|-
|1967/68||36||2
|-
|1968/69||37||0
|-
|1969/70||rowspan="6"|Queens Park Rangers||rowspan="4"|Second Division||34||5
|-
|1970/71||38||10
|-
|1971/72||27||1
|-
|1972/73||37||1
|-
|1973/74||rowspan="2"|First Division||36||2
|-
|1974/75||5||0
|-
|1974/75||Crystal Palace||Third Division||14||0
508||50
508||50
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1964||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

References

1943 births
Living people
English footballers
English football managers
England national football team managers
Sportspeople from London
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Shingo Hyodo

Shingo Hyodo (born 29 July 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Yokohama F. Marinos.

Club career statistics

|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||28||2||4||1||7||0||39||3
|-
|2009||30||1||2||0||10||1||42||2
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
58||3||6||1||17||1||81||5
58||3||6||1||17||1||81||5
|}

References
Yokohama F. Marinos 

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Nagasaki Prefecture
Takayuki Nishigaya

Takayuki Nishigaya (born 12 May 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||13||0||1||0||7||0||21||0
|-
|1997||22||0||1||0||7||0||30||0
|-
|1998||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||25||0||3||1||3||1||31||2
|-
|1999||Verdy Kawasaki||J. League 1||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|-
|2000||JEF United Ichihara||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2001||Albirex Niigata||J. League 2||37||0||0||0||2||0||39||0
100||0||21||1||5||1||126||2
100||0||21||1||5||1||126||2
|}

References

1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Kia Venga

The Kia Venga is a car produced by Kia since 2009. It is based on the Hyundai i20 and Kia Soul's platform.

The Venga is available with 1.4 and 1.6 litre petrol engines with 66 kW/90 hp and 92 kW/125 hp respectively, a 1.4 litre turbo diesel engine in 55 kW/75 hp and 66 kW/90 hp versions, and a 1.6 litre turbo diesel engine in 85 kW/115 hp and 94 kW/128 hp versions.

Venga
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
List of chess openings

Chess openings are listed and classified according to their first few moves. There are some interesting statistics on the frequency of chess openings, from chess data bases.

Statistics 

These statistics show a movement away from symmetrical defences to asymmetrical defences. In particlular, in reply to 1.e4, the Sicilian and French defences, and to 1.d4 the Indian defences. Also, particularly amongst strong players, an increased use of the English Opening for White.

King's Pawn openings

1...e5 replies 
King's Gambit  1.e4 e5 2.f4
Ruy Lopez  1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5
Vienna Game 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3
Giuoco Piano 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5
Evans Gambit 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4
Petrov's defence 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6
Philidor's defence 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6

Asymmetric replies 
Alekhine's defence  1.e4 Nf6
Caro-Kann defence  1.e4 c6
French defence 1.e4 e6
Sicilian defence  1.e4 c5
Open variations 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 followed by 3.d4
Closed variations 1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 not followed by d4
Scandinavian defence 1.e4 d5 (also called  Centre counter) 
Pirc defence 1.e4 d6 (may also be played against 1.d4)
Modern defence 1.e4 g6 (may also be played against 1.d4)

Queen's Pawn openings

1...d5 replies 
Queen's Gambit accepted  1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4
Queen's Gambit declined  1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6
Slav defence  1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6

Asymmetric replies 
Dutch defence  1.d4 f5
Benoni defence  1.d4 c5 or 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5
Benko Gambit  1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5
King's Indian defence  1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7
Grünfeld defence  1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5
Nimzo-Indian defence  1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4
Queen's Indian defence 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 b6
Budapest Gambit 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5

Other opening moves 
Zukertort opening  1.Nf3
English opening  1.c4
Bird's opening 1.f4

Sources

Sources for beginners 
There is no opening book for real beginners. The reason is that some degree of understanding is needed before the details of an opening can be grasped. Books like the following show complete games with elementary explanations of the moves.
Chernev, Irving 1998. Logical chess: move by move. London:Batsford. 
Chandler, Murray 2004. Chess for children. London:Gambit. 
King, Daniel 2000. Chess: from first moves to checkmate. London:Kingfisher. Illustrated, 64 pages. 
Pritchard, David Brine 2008. The right way to play chess. 8th ed, Right Way.  
Wolff, Patrick 2005. The complete idiot’s guide to chess. 3rd ed, New York:Alpha.

Other sources 
None of these are suitable for beginners, but might be used by chess teachers and players of intermediate strength. Tip for teachers: always check with book reviews.
John Watson. Mastering the Chess Openings, Gambit Publications. Four volumes by a leading American author and chess coach. 
Volume 1 (1. e4):  (2006)
Volume 2 (1. d4):  (2007)
Volume 3 (1. c4):  (2009)
Volume 4: a wide-ranging discussion of general opening topics.  (2010)
Openings reference works:
Nick deFirmian et al. 2008. Modern chess openings, 15th ed, Random House N.Y.   (these two versions are almost identical)
John Nunn et al. 1999. Nunn's chess openings. Everyman, London.

Related pages 
Gambit

References 

Openings
Emperor Ninken

was the 24th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Ninken to be possibly legendary, but probable.  The name Ninken-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations. 

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

Traditional history 
Ninken was a grandson of Emperor Richū; and he was adopted  by the childless Emperor Seinei.

Events of Ninken's life 
Very little is known about the events of Ninken's life and reign.  Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Ninken. 

According to the Imperial Household Agency, the emperor's final resting place is in an earthen tumulus (kofun).  Ninken is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Kofun period

References 

Emperors of Japan
Emperor Buretsu

was the 25th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Buretsu to be possibly legendary, but probable.  The name Buretsu-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

Traditional history 
Buretsu was a son of Emperor Ninken.   Buretsu was childless; and he became been the last monarch of the first Imperial dynasty of Japan.

Events of Buretsu's life 
Very little is known about the events of Buretsu's life and reign.  Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.

As emperor, Buretsu is described as wicked in the Nihonshoki, but this assessment is not mirrored in the text of the Kojiki.

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Buretsu.

The kami of Emperor Buretsu was venerated at a Shinto shrine in Takaichi, Yamato province.

According to the Imperial Household Agency, the emperor's final resting place is in an earthen tumulus (kofun).  Buretsu  is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Kofun period

References 

Emperors of Japan
Prefectures of Japan

are one of the basic local entities of Japan.   They are the 47 subdivisions of the country. Prefectures are the governmental bodies of Japan which are larger than cities, towns, and villages.

History
The former provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures between 1876 and 1879.

The word todōfuken combines the suffixes of the names of the 47 prefectures. The four suffixes are: 

 -to .... one metropolis, or large city (都 -to), Tokyo (東京都, Tōkyōto) 

 
-dō .... one “circuit” (道 -dō), Hokkaido (北海道, Hokkaidō)
-fu .... two city prefectures (府 -fu), Osaka (大阪府, Ōsakafu) and Kyoto (京都府, Kyōtofu)
-ken ... forty-three other prefectures (県 -ken)
Before World War II, different laws applied to fu and ken, but now two types of prefecture are the same, outside of their names.

Lists of prefectures

List in Japanese ISO order

The prefectures are often grouped into these nine regions (Chihō). The regions are not formally specified, they do not have elected officials, and they are not corporate bodies.  However, the practice of ordering prefectures based on their geographic region is traditional.  This ordering is mirrored in Japan's International Organization for Standardization (ISO) coding.  From north to south, the prefectures of Japan and their commonly associated regions are listed in traditional and in ISO 3166-2:JP order:

Okinawa Prefecture is traditionally thought of as part of the Kyūshū region of Japan.   Okinawa Prefecture is made up of islands which are southwest of the island of Kyushu.  The Japanese government recognizes the prefecture as its own region in new 9-region, 11-region and 13-region systems.

List in Western alphabetical order
The default alphabetic order in this sortable table can be altered to mirror the traditional Japanese regions and ISO parsing.

Notes: 1- Population as of 2000; 2- Area km2; 3- Density per km2

Related pages

 Provinces of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan

References

Further reading

 Steiner, Kurt. (1965).  Local Government in Japan. Stanford: Stanford University Press.   OCLC 250059672

Other websites
National Governors' Association Website (English)
Map of Japan showing administrative divisions
Japanese essay on types of prefectures
Local Authorities for International Relations (English)
CityMayors.com profile of prefectures
 Japan Mint.  Japan 47 Prefectures Coin Program
List of Provinces of Japan

The List of Provinces of Japan changed over time.  The number and borders of provinces evolved from the 7th century through the Meiji Period. In the 1870s, the provinces were replaced by prefectures.

The traditional way of parsing the land of Japan was "five provinces and seven circuits" (go-shichidō).

Five Provinces
The traditional five core provinces of Japan were called goki.

Kinai

Izumi
Kawachi
Settsu　

Yamashiro　
Yamato 
Yoshino (716-738)

Shichido
The traditional seven core circuits of Japan were called shichidō.

Tōkaidō

Awa
Hitachi 
Iga　
Ise　
Izu　
Kai　
Kazusa 
Mikawa　

Musashi
Owari　
Sagami　
Shima　　
Shimōsa 
Suruga　
Tōtōmi

Tōsandō

Dewa
Hida 
Iwaki (718-724)
Iwaki (1868-1872)
Iwase (718-724)
Iwashiro (1868-1872)
Kōzuke
Mino 
Mutsu 

Mutsu (1868-1872)
Ōmi 
Rikuchū (1868-1872)
Rikuzen (1868-1872)
Shinano 
Suwa (721-731)
Ugo (1868-1872)
Uzen (1868-1872)

Hokurikudō

Echigo 
Echizen
Etchū
Kaga 

Noto
Sado　
Wakasa

San'indō

Hōki
Inaba　　
Izumo　
Iwami　

Oki
Tajima　
Tamba　
Tango

San'yōdō

Aki　
Bingo 
Bitchū
Bizen 

Harima　
Mimasaka 
Nagato
Suō

Nankaidō 

Awa
Awaji 
Iyo

Kii
Sanuki　
Tosa

Saikaidō 

Chikugo　
Chikuzen　
Bungo 
Buzen 
Higo 
Hizen
 
Hyūga
Iki
Ōsumi 
Satsuma　
Tane (702-824)
Tsushima

Other
Koshi Province

Hokkaidō
The island was changed from Ezo to Hokkaidō, and 11 provinces were established in  1869-1882.
Chishima 
Hidaka 
Iburi 
Ishikari 
Kitami 
Kushiro 
Nemuro 
Oshima 
Shiribeshi 
Teshio 
Tokachi

Related pages

 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan

References

Other websites
  Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903

Japan-related lists
Gilberto Kassab

Gilberto Kassab ( or ; born 12 August 1960 in São Paulo) was the mayor of São Paulo, the biggest city in Brazil. He is a member of the right-wing Democrat party. Kassab became famous when he brought in laws to stop billboard advertising, which he said were "visual pollution".

References

Brazilian politicians
Mayors

1960 births
Living people
Terra nullius

Terra nullius means unclaimed territory. It is the correct term in international law. It means land which does not (at present) belong to any state.   The term comes from the Latin, meaning Nobody's thing. There is also an expression no man's land, but that does not have a formal legal meaning.

Rule over terra nullius can be got by occupying the territory.<ref>{{cite web 
  | author =
  | title = New Jersey v. New York, 523 US 767 (1998)
  | publisher = US Supreme Court
  | url = http://openjurist.org/523/us/767/new-jersey-v-new-york
  | date = 26 May 1998
  | accessdate = 29 January 2010 
  | quote = Even as to terra nullius, like a volcanic island or territory abandoned by its former sovereign, a claimant by right as against all others has more to do than planting a flag or rearing a monument. Since the 19th century the most generous settled view has been that discovery accompanied by symbolic acts give no more than "an inchoate title, an option, as against other states, to consolidate the first steps by proceeding to effective occupation within a reasonable time.8 I. Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law 146 (4th ed.1990); see also 1 C. Hyde, International Law 329 (rev.2d ed.1945); 1 L. Oppenheim International Law §§222-223, pp. 439-441 (H. Lauterpacht 5th ed.1937); Hall A Treatise on International Law, at 102-103; 1 J. Moore, International Law 258 (1906); R. Phillimore, International Law 273 (2d ed. 1871); E. Vattel, Law of Nations, §208, p. 99 (J. Chitty 6th Am. ed. 1844). 
}}</ref> There are various legal problems about this concept, but in practice it is often the business of neighbouring states to decide by negotiation. Diplomacy may sometimes be replaced by warfare.

Two territories that are currently terra nullius'' are Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, and Marie Byrd Land, in Antarctica.

References

Legal terms
Property
Free State (province)

The Free State (Afrikaans: Vrystaat, Sotho: Foreistata; before 1995, the Orange Free State) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital, because the Supreme Court is there. The current borders of the province date from 1994 when the Bantustans were dissolved and were merged into the provinces of South Africa. It is also the only one of the older provinces of South Africa not to undergo border changes, not counting the incorporation of the Bantustans.

Provinces of South Africa
1994 establishments in South Africa
Orange Free State

The Orange Free State () was a country in southern Africa. It was ruled by the Afrikaners. It was defeated by the British Empire and its colonies, the British Cape Colony and the Natal Colony, in the Second Boer War. It became the Orange River Colony and later joined with other colonies to make the Union of South Africa.

References 

1852 establishments
19th-century establishments in South Africa
1900s disestablishments in Africa
1850s establishments in Africa
1902 disestablishments
Bir Tawil

Bir Tawil or Bi'r Tawīl (بيرطويل in Arabic; Bi'r or بير, meaning water well), is a small, , area. It is along the border between Egypt and Sudan. It is claimed by neither country right now. It is sometimes given the name the Bir Tawil Triangle, because even though it's not an exact triangle, it's made out of two triangles that share a border. The longer side is in the north of the area. It runs along the 22° north circle of latitude.

The administrative boundary of Sudan and Egypt was made in 1902. Their political boundary was set in 1899. It was set as the 22° north circle of latitude. This area lies south of the 22° parallel. East-to-west, the area is between  long in the south. It is  long in the north. It is between  and  wide north-to-south. It is also  in size.

The Bir Tawil area came under Egyptian administration in 1902. This was because it was grazing land of the Ababda tribe based near Aswan, Egypt. At the same time, the Hala'ib Triangle north of latitude 22° north, and northeast of the area, came under Sudanese administration. This was because the tribes of this area were based in Sudan.  The two "triangles" border at one point, a quadripoint.

History
In 1899, the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium Agreement for Sudan set the border between the territories at the 22nd parallel. At that time, the United Kingdom ruled the area. In 1902 the UK drew a separate "administrative boundary". Using this boundary,  a triangle of land north of the parallel was placed under Sudanese administration. It was because its inhabitants were closer to Khartoum than Cairo, both geographically and culturally. The area was ruled by the British Governor in Khartoum. 

Egypt claims the original border from 1899, the 22° north circle of latitude. This would place the Hala'ib Triangle within Egypt and the Bir Tawil area within Sudan. Sudan claims the administrative border of 1902. This would put Hala'ib within Sudan, and Bir Tawil within Egypt. As a result, both states claim the Hala'ib Triangle. Neither state claims the much less valuable Bir Tawil area, which is only a tenth the size and is landlocked.  There is no basis in international law for Sudan or Egypt to claim both territories. It would also be difficult for any other state to claim the area. This is because only Sudan or Egypt border the land. As a result, Bir Tawil is one of the few land areas of the world which is not claimed by any state. The offical currency is the Sahrawi peseta but this is no longer circulated.

Geography
In the north of the area is the mountain Jabal Tawil (جبل طويل in Arabic, located at ). It has a height of 459 meters. In the east is Jabal Ḩajar az Zarqā'. It has a height of 662 meters.

In the south is the Wadi Tawil (وادي طويل in Arabic, also called Khawr Abū Bard, located at ), near Nogaem Valley.

Other websites 
 International Boundary Study 
 Strange Maps: The Bir Tawil Trapezoid

Territorial disputes
Geography of Egypt
Sudan
Hebe Camargo

Hebe Maria Camargo (March, 8 1929 – September 29, 2012) is a Brazilian television host, actress and singer.

References

Other websites 

 Site program of Hebe at the SBT
 

1929 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Brazilian actors
São Paulo (state)
Sam Bradford

Samuel Jacob Bradford (born November 8, 1987, in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) is an American football quarterback for the Arizona Cardinals. He played for the Oklahoma Sooners college football team. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams with the first overall pick in the 2010 National Football League (NFL) Draft. Bradford was the 2011 NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year.

Family background
Bradford is a Cherokee. (The Cherokee Nation is a Native American tribe.)

References

1987 births
American football quarterbacks
Arizona Cardinals players
Heisman Trophy winners
Living people
Minnesota Vikings players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Sportspeople from Oklahoma City
St. Louis Rams players
Olmedilla Photovoltaic Park

The Olmedilla Photovoltaic Park in Olmedilla de Alarcón, Spain, is the world’s largest photovoltaic plant.  Built in 2008, the plant uses more than 160,000 solar photovoltaic panels to generate 60 megawatts (peak). It produces enough electricity to power more than 40,000 homes.

Related pages
Photovoltaics

References

Solar power plants
Buildings and structures in Spain
2008 establishments in Europe
2000s establishments in Spain
Strasskirchen Solar Park

The Strasskirchen Solar Park is a power station in Straßkirchen, Germany. It is the second-largest photovoltaic power station in the world, with an installed capacity of 54 MW.

References

Buildings and structures in Bavaria
Power stations in Germany
Solar power plants
Hiroshi Noguchi

Hiroshi Noguchi (born 25 February 1972) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1994||rowspan="9"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|Football League||25||9||0||0||colspan="2"|-||25||9
|-
|1995||27||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||5
|-
|1996||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||29||2||3||0||8||0||40||2
|-
|1997||29||4||1||0||3||0||33||4
|-
|1998||25||1||2||0||3||0||30||1
|-
|1999||22||1||2||1||4||0||28||2
|-
|2000||30||1||1||0||6||0||37||1
|-
|2001||J. League 2||40||4||4||1||1||0||45||4
|-
|2002||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||1||0||2||0
|-
|2003||Omiya Ardija||J. League 2||24||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||1
252||28||13||2||26||0||291||30
252||28||13||2||26||0||291||30
|}

References

1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture
Siegbert Tarrasch

Siegbert Tarrasch (Breslau, now Wrocław, 5 March 1862 – Munich, 17 February 1934) was a German doctor, and one of the strongest chess grandmasters of the day.

Tarrasch was born in Breslau, in Prussian Silesia. He left in 1880 to study medicine, and qualified as a physician. He lived most of his life in Nuremberg, Bavaria, and later in Munich. Tarrasch was born Jewish, and converted to Christianity in 1909. He was a patriotic German, who lost a son in World War I, but he faced antisemitism in the early stages of Nazism.
  
Tarrasch won more strong tournaments in the 1890s than any other player, and drew a 22-game match against Mikhail Chigorin, the leading Russian player. Tarrasch was also an influential chess writer, who summarised the chess ideas of the 1890s. It was his ideas against which the hypermoderns reacted in the early 1920s.p411

Occupied with his profession, Tarrasch did not challenge Steinitz, and turned down the young Emanuel Lasker's request for a match. This turned out to be a mistake, for Lasker then challended Steinitz, and won the world chess championship. Later Tarrasch unsuccessfully challenged Lasker for the world championship, in 1908. He was by then past his best, though he continued to play in tournaments for many years. His best result in later years was to reach the final pool in the strong St. Petersburg 1914 tournament. He came fourth, behind Lasker, Capablanca and Alekhine.

Chess author 
Tarrasch was a highly esteemed chess writer. His Dreihundert Schachpartien (1895; 300 chess games) was a landmark; it was the first 'best game collection' with in-depth annotations. The notes were readable and could be understood by ordinary players. This led to his being described as the praeceptor mundi, which is Latin for 'teacher of the world'. The book was called by the American grandmaster Reuben Fine "One of the monuments of our game".f/w

Tarrasch regularly wrote tournament reports and notes for games in the Deutsch Schachzeitung, the German-language chess magazine. These annotations were read throughout the world, since that was the leading chess magazine of the day.

In his later elementary textbook The game of chess (1931) he wrote 
"Chess, like love, like music, has the power to make men happy".

References

Other websites 
Capablanca on Tarrasch and other players 

1862 births
1934 deaths
German chess players
German doctors
Jewish German writers
Jewish sportspeople
People from former German territories
People from Wrocław
Tetsuya Takada

Tetsuya Takada (born 31 July 1969) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1993||Fujita||Football League||||||||||||||||
|-
|1994||rowspan="6"|Bellmare Hiratsuka||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||15||0||0||0||1||0||16||0
|-
|1995||27||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||28||4
|-
|1996||12||1||3||0||0||0||15||1
|-
|1997||28||1||3||0||1||1||32||2
|-
|1998||18||0||0||0||3||0||21||0
|-
|1999||23||0||1||0||1||1||25||1
|-
|2000||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||11||0||1||0||0||0||12||0
134||6||9||0||6||2||149||8
134||6||9||0||6||2||149||8
|}

References

1969 births
Living people
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
People from Hiroshima
Tadamichi Machida

Tadamichi Machida (born 23 May 1981) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||7||2||1||0||0||0||8||2
|-
|2002||3||0||0||0||6||0||9||0
|-
|2003||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 1||14||4||0||0||2||0||16||4
|-
|2004||Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 2||16||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||2
|-
|2005||Tokyo Verdy||J. League 1||11||2||0||0||1||0||12||2
51||10||1||0||9||0||61||10
51||10||1||0||9||0||61||10
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Saitama Prefecture
Branko Hucika

Branko Hucika (born 10 July 1977) is a former Croatian football player.

1977 births
Living people
Croatian footballers
Sportspeople from Zagreb
Goran Vasilijević

Goran Vasilijević (born August 27, 1965) is a former Serbian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||32||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||32||4
|-
|1996||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
32||4||0||0||0||0||32||4
32||4||0||0||0||0||32||4
|}

References

1965 births
Living people
Serbian footballers
Owusu Benson

Owusu Benson (born 22 March 1977) is a Ghanaian football player. He has played for Ghana national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1994/95||Sportul Studenţesc Bucureşti||Divizia A||18||0

|-
|1995/96||Solothurn||Nationalliga B||0||0
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Yverdon-Sport||rowspan="2"|Nationalliga B||12||5
|-
|1996/97||31||7
|-
|1997/98||Kriens||Nationalliga A||24||4
|-
|1998/99||Sion||Nationalliga A||33||3

|-
|2000||JEF United Ichihara||J. League 1||23||2

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Wil||rowspan="2"|Nationalliga B||10||0
|-
|2001/02||30||1
|-
|2002/03||Delémont||Nationalliga A||33||2
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="5"|Kriens||rowspan="4"|Challenge League||31||1
|-
|2005/06||25||5
|-
|2006/07||33||5
|-
|2007/08||25||7
|-
|2008/09||1. Liga||||
|-
|2009/10||Buochs||2. Liga Interregional||||
18||0
287||40
23||2
328||42
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1999||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Ghanaian footballers
People from Accra
Massimo Taibi

Massimo Taibi (born 18 February 1970) is a former Italian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1987/88||rowspan="2"|Licata||Serie C1||0||0
|-
|1988/89||Serie B||1||0
|-
|1989/90||Trento||Serie C1||23||0
|-
|1990/91||Milan||Serie A||0||0
|-
|1991/92||Como||Serie C1||34||0
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="5"|Piacenza||Serie B||38||0
|-
|1993/94||Serie A||34||0
|-
|1994/95||Serie B||38||0
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Serie A||33||0
|-
|1996/97||34||0
|-
|1997/98||Milan||Serie A||17||0
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Venezia||rowspan="2"|Serie A||33||0
|-
|1999/00||1||0

|-
|1999/00||Manchester United||Premier League||4||0

|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Reggina||rowspan="2"|Serie A||18||0
|-
|2000/01||34||1
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Atalanta||rowspan="2"|Serie A||30||0
|-
|2002/03||33||0
|-
|2003/04||Serie B||46||0
|-
|2004/05||Serie A||22||0
|-
|2005/06||Serie B||42||0
|-
|2006/07||Torino||Serie A||3||0
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Ascoli||rowspan="2"|Serie B||34||0
|-
|2008/09||13||0
561||1
4||0
565||1
|}

References

1970 births
Living people
Italian footballers
People from Palermo
Noureddine Naybet

Noureddine Naybet (born 10 February 1970) is a former Moroccan football player. He has played for Morocco national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||Nantes Atlantique||Division 1||34||1

|-
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|Sporting Portugal||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||26||2
|-
|1995/96||28||3

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="8"|Deportivo La Coruña||rowspan="8"|La Liga||34||1
|-
|1997/98||31||4
|-
|1998/99||30||0
|-
|1999/00||25||0
|-
|2000/01||26||1
|-
|2001/02||24||2
|-
|2002/03||25||1
|-
|2003/04||16||1

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="2"|Premier League||27||1
|-
|2005/06||3||0
34||1
54||5
211||10
30||1
39||17
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1990||4||0
|-
|1991||4||0
|-
|1992||7||0
|-
|1993||8||0
|-
|1994||7||0
|-
|1995||3||0
|-
|1996||6||0
|-
|1997||7||2
|-
|1998||12||0
|-
|1999||7||0
|-
|2000||9||0
|-
|2001||9||0
|-
|2002||8||0
|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||9||0
|-
|2005||3||0
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
!Total||115||2
|}

References

1970 births
Living people
Moroccan footballers
People from Casablanca
Kim Hyun-Seok

Kim Hyun-Seok (born 5 May 1967) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||Verdy Kawasaki||J. League 1||25||16||0||0||4||1||29||17
25||16||0||0||4||1||29||17

|-
|2000||rowspan="4"|Ulsan Hyundai||||||||||||||||
|-
|2001||||||||||||||||||
|-
|2002||||||||||||||||||
|-
|2003||||||||||||||||||
||||||||||||||
25||16||0||0||4||1||29||17
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1990||2||0
|-
|1991||4||0
|-
|1992||2||0
|-
|1993||5||1
|-
|1994||3||1
|-
|1995||3||0
|-
|1996||4||3
|-
!Total||23||5
|}

References

1967 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Interventional Radiology

Interventional radiology is defined as the branch of medicine that diagnoses and treats a wide range of diseases using actions that are performed through the skin (for example an injection) or carried out with the least damage by x-rays, sonography, and so on.

Some of these procedures are done only for diagnostic purposes, while others are done for treatment purposes. Images are used to direct these procedures, which are usually done with needles or other tiny instruments like small tubes called catheters. The images provide road maps that allow the Interventional Radiologist to guide these instruments through the body to the areas containing diseases.

Medicine
Chess Olympiad

Chess Olympiads are chess  events open to all national teams. They have been run since 1927 by the world chess organisation, FIDE. Since 1950, they have been run every two years. Earlier events were all-play-all. Then, as numbers grew, a system of qualifying sections were used. In recent times, the format has been a Swiss system. This, in chess terms, is a method whereby opponents are chosen each round to have similar scores. It has been widely used for individual tournaments.

Recognised sport
Chess is a recognized sport by the International Olympic Committee with FIDE being the recognized International Sports Federation for chess since June 1999.
As a member of the International Olympic Committee, FIDE adheres to its rules, including controversially having doping tests. The prospects of chess becoming an Olympic sporting event at some future date remain unclear. The naming of FIDE's team championship as the "Chess Olympiad" is of historical origin and implies no connection between this event and the Olympic Games.

The next Chess Olympiad will be held in 2014 in Norway.

Open section 

* In 1936 FIDE refused its approval on grounds of Nazi anti-semitism; however, the organisers accepted Jewish players, and many did play in the event.

* In 1976 the USSR and other communist countries did not compete for political reasons.

References 

Chess competitions
Cassandra Austen

Cassandra Elizabeth Austen (9 January 1773 – 22 March 1845) was the older sister of Jane Austen. She was Jane's best friend and a beauty. Her fiancé died; she never married.

Childhood
Austen was born in 1773 in Steventon, Hampshire. Her father was the Rev. George Austen (1731–1805), and her mother was Cassandra, née Leigh (1739–1827). There were 8 Austen children. As Cassandra and Jane were the only girls they kept up an especially close friendship through their entire lives. Over 100 letters addressed to Cassandra from Jane are still kept. These letters have helped historians to find out more details about the life of Jane Austen. When Cassandra went to school, Jane followed her. At first it was arranged that Jane was not to go, as she was considered to be too young for schooling. However, she ended up going with Cassandra. In their mother's words, "if Cassandra's head had been going to be cut off, Jane would have hers cut off too".

When Jane died in 1817, Austen is reported to have destroyed many of her letters, most of them dated after 1795. Austen herself lived alone until her death on 22 March 1845, aged 72. She was buried at St. Nicholas' Church in Chawton, Hampshire.

References

Other websites

English artists
Jane Austen
People from Hampshire
1773 births
1845 deaths
Lord Mayor

The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city, with special recognition.

United Kingdom
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland it is a ceremonial position. This means the person is not in charge of the day to day work of the city, but represents the city at important events. These positions are given to a person by letters patent, which are a special letter from the monarch.

Commonwealth of Nations
 In Australia it is a political position, which means people vote for people to take the position. Australian cities with Lord Mayors: Adelaide, Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Newcastle, Parramatta, Perth, Sydney, and Wollongong. 
 In Canada, the only town with a Lord Mayor is Niagara-on-the-Lake, as recognition of its role as the first Capital of Upper Canada.
 In the Malaysian federal capital Kuala Lumpur (Federal territory separated from Selangor, since 1 February 1974) established on 1 February 1972

Ireland
 In the Republic of Ireland, there are the Lord Mayor of Dublin and Lord Mayor of Cork which are symbolic titles as in the United Kingdom.

Other countries
 In Denmark, Overborgmester, is the title of the highest mayor of Denmark's capital city, Copenhagen.
 In Germany, Oberbürgermeister, is the title of the mayors of large, often county-free cities. As in Australia, Germany's mayors are the working leaders of their cities. The mayor in the three German city-states is the same as a Ministerpräsident (head of government of one of Germany's constitutive States). These mayors are called Regierender Bürgermeister (Governing Mayor) in Berlin, and Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) in Hamburg.
 In Finland, the head city manager of the capital, Helsinki, is given the title ylipormestari meaning "high mayor". This title is used more than the official title of the office, kaupunginjohtaja. This tradition is almost the same as the Lord Mayors in other countries.
 In Romania and Moldova, the mayors of the capitals (Bucharest and Chişinău, are named Primar General which means General Mayor. The name is ceremonial and it has no higher powers than mayors of other cities.

Titles
Local government in the United Kingdom
Henry Dyck

Henry Dyck (September 5, 1912 – November 15, 1993) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left wing who played one game in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers.

Career statistics

Other websites

1912 births
1993 deaths
American Hockey Association (1926–42) players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
New York Rangers players
People from Saskatoon
Eastern Hockey League players
Steve Wochy

Stephen Wojciechowski (born December 25, 1922), also known as Steve Wochy, is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player, who played 54 games for the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League. He was born in Fort William, Ontario.

Prior to playing in the NHL, Wojciechowski was a member of the Port Arthur Bearcats in 1942 appearing in the 1942 Allan Cup. Wojciechowski played 10 seasons in the American Hockey League after leaving the NHL, with the Indianapolis Capitals, Philadelphia Rockets, Cleveland Barons and Buffalo Bisons. Wojciechowski was named a first team AHL All-star in 1952.

Other websites
 

1922 births
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
People from Thunder Bay
Fort William, Ontario

Fort William was a city in Northern Ontario. It was on the Kaministiquia River, at its entrance to Lake Superior.  It amalgamated with Port Arthur and the townships of Neebing and McIntyre to form the city of Thunder Bay in January 1970. Ever since then it has been the largest city in Northwestern Ontario.

References 

 Morrison, Jean F. Superior rendez-vous place : Fort William in the Canadian fur trade. Toronto : Natural Heritage Books, 2007. 1st ed. appeared in 2001.

 Morrison, Jean F., ed. Lake Superior to Rainy River : three centuries of fur trade history : a collection of writings. Thunder Bay, Ont. : Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 2003.

Thunder Bay from rivalry to unity / edited by Thorold J. Tronrud and A. Ernest Epp. Thunder Bay : Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 1995.

Former cities in Canada
Thunder Bay
Port Arthur Bearcats

The Port Arthur Bearcats were an amateur men's senior ice hockey team based in Port Arthur, Ontario, now part of the city of Thunder Bay. Port Arthur were champions Canadian Amateur Hockey Association four times, and were chosen twice as represent Canada as the Canada men's national ice hockey team at international competitions.

The Port Arthur team played several season without a nicknames over its history, with several generic names applied to the team including the Port Arthur Ports, Port Arthur Hockey Club, and the Port Arthur Seniors.  The team ceased due to World War II in 1943.

There was a revival in 1945 with a new Port Arthur Bearcats club that operated until the merger of Port Arthur and Fort William and creation of the Thunder Bay Twins in 1970.

Season-by-Season Standings

References

Ice hockey teams in Ontario
Thunder Bay
Allan Cup

The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded to the national senior amateur men’s ice hockey champions of Canada. The trophy was donated in 1908 by Sir H. Montagu Allan as a trophy for amateur teams, to replace the Stanley Cup, whose tournament had become a professional competition.

Allan Cup championships

Challenges
Only listed are the final champions of the season, some teams may have carried the Allan Cup through winning challenges halfway through these seasons, but finishing the season with the trophy is what counted.  For those teams who did not finish the season with the cup, they can be viewed by looking at articles for the first few Allan Cups.

Playoffs

{*} denotes event held in multiple locations.  Applicable locations are listed on the event's specific article.

Round Robins

Most Championships by Province
This is a list of champions by province, territory, or state.  Since 1909, the Allan Cup has been awarded 101 times.

(*) Saskatchewan totals include championships won by teams from Lloydminster.

References

Other websites 

 Allan Cup website 
 Allan Cup results 

1909 establishments in Canada
Ice hockey trophies and awards
Pokémon Black and White

Pokémon Black Version and White Version are two role-playing games (RPGs) in the Pokémon series made by Game Freak for the Nintendo DS. The games were released in Japan on September 18, 2010, in Europe on March 4, 2011, in North America on March 6, 2011, and in Australia on March 10, 2011. The games have 156 new Pokémon, which brings the total to 649. These games introduce the largest amount of Pokémon in any generation.

Gameplay

Pokémon Black and White are role-playing games where the player captures creatures called Pokémon. They can use them to battle against other Pokémon. One of the new features in the games are triple battles, which allows players to battle three Pokémon against three Pokémon. Alongside triple battles are Rotation Battles. Players still send out three Pokémon, but only one can battle at a time. The player can switch the position of their Pokémon during their turn. Also new is that the seasons change, and areas in the game have falling leaves in the fall, and snow in the winter.

Plot

Pokémon Black and White take place in the Unova region, which is based on New York City and its surrounding area, unlike past games being based on regions of Japan. The plot of the game follows a new Pokémon trainer who is on a journey to become a Pokémon master. They do this by battling other trainers such as Gym Leaders, and finally the Elite Four. During this journey, the player meets an evil team known as Team Plasma, who look like knights. Team Plasma wants to make a new world where Pokémon are away from humans. After taking them down, the player must track down the first members, the Seven Sages, and battle them.

References

Other websites
Official Website 
Official Website (Japanese)

Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Black and White