cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen narcosis

Nitrogen narcosis is a problem for underwater divers. It affects the brain and nervous system a lot like alcohol, but goes away when the diver rises to a shallower depth. It does not have lasting effects after the depth is reduced.

Who can get it
Any underwater diver who goes deeper than 30 m (100 ft)while breathing air, or any time when the pressure of nitrogen in the breathing gas is more than about 3,2 bar.

How to prevent it
It only happens when the pressure of nitrogen is high. If the pressure is kept low by staying at a shallower depth it will not happen. If the breathing gas has less nitrogen it will only start at a deeper depth. Helium gas can be used in place of nitrogen in breathing gas for divers to make it less likely to have nitrogen narcosis.

What actually happens
The nitrogen gas dissolved in the diver affects the working of nerve cells. At higher pressures more nitrogen can be dissolved.

It starts off as a mild effect like being slightly drunk, but as the pressure increases it gets more serious, like getting more drunk. Eventually the diver may lose consciousness.

Why is it a problem
A diver who has nitrogen narcosis will have slower reactions and may not think clearly. If something goes wrong the diver may not be able to cope with the problem. This can be dangerous.

What to do about it
The diver can move to a shallower depth or change to a different breathing gas with less nitrogen. This will usually be a mixture containing helium.

Safety
Health problems
Jordi Morales García

Jordi Morales García (born November 17, 1985 in Esparreguera, Barcelona) is a table tennis athlete from Spain.  He has a physical disability: he is class 7 player. He played table tennis at the 2000 Summer Paralympics, 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2008 Summer Paralympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics.  In 2004, he finished third in the Class 7 singles table tennis game. In 2012, he finished second in the Team Class 6-8 game.

References 

Spanish sportspeople
Living people
1985 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Barcelona
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type Class 7
Table tennis players
Israel Oliver Peña

Israel Oliver Peña (born December 16, 1987 in Madrid) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability: he has vision problems and is an S12/B2 type swimmer. In 2012, he lived in Carrizal de Wit, Las Palmas, Canary Islands. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics.  He finished second in the 4 x 100 meters 49 points medley relay. He finished third in the 100 meter Butterfly race. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.   He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1987 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Madrid
2012 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S12
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
Richard Oribe Lumbreras

Richard Oribe Lumbreras (born February 22, 1974 in San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability: he has cerebral palsy and is an S4 type swimmer. He raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 50 meter freestyle race, the 100 meter freestyle race and in the 200 meter freestyle race.  He finished second in the 4 x 50 meter 20 points freestyle relay.  He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.  He finished first in the 50 meter freestyle race, the 200 meter freestyle race and the 4 x 50 meter 20 points freestyle relay.   He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics.  He finished second in the 200 meter freestyle race. He finished third in the 100 meter freestyle race. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 200 meter freestyle race.  He finished second in the 50 meter freestyle race, the 100 meter freestyle race and the 4 x 50 meter 20 points freestyle relay. He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the 100 meter freestyle race. He finished third in the 200 meter freestyle race.

Before the 2010 Adapted Swimming World Championship in the Netherlands, he went to a swimming camp with the national team that was part of the Paralympic High Performance Program (HARP Program).

References

Other websites 
 Richard Oribe Lumbreras

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1974 births
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from San Sebastian
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S4
Manuel Jesus Panadero Falcon

Manuel Jesus Panadero Falcon (born January 28, 1973 in Valencia) is a goalball athlete from Spain.  He has a disability: he is blind and is a B1 type player. He played goalball at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. His team was third.

References 

Spanish goalball players
Living people
1973 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Valencia
2000 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B1
Tomas Piñas Bermudez

Tomas Piñas Bermudez (born July 8, 1982 in Granada) is a table tennis athlete from Spain.  He has a physical disability: he is class 3 player and competes while using a wheelchair. In 2012, he lived in Ogijares, Granada. He played table tennis at the 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2008 Summer Paralympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics.  In 2008, he finished third in the Class 3 singles table tennis game..

References 

Spanish sportspeople
Living people
1985 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Granada
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Table tennis players
José Ramos Castillo

José Ramos Castillo (born December 24, 1974 in Castellon De La Plana, Castellón) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a physical disability: he is an S7 type swimmer. In 2004, he lived in Artesa-onda, Castellón. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics.  He finished third in the 4 x 50 meter 20 points medley relay.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1974 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from the Community of Valencia
2004 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S7
Begoña Reina López

Begoña Reina López (born March 14, 1975 in Zaragoza) is a swimmer from Spain.  She has a physical disability and is an S9 type swimmer. She raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.  She finished third in the 100 meter breaststroke and the 4 x 100 meter 34 points medley relay.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1975 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Zaragoza
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S9
European Rugby Champions Cup

The European Rugby Champions Cup is a major European rugby competition involving the leading clubs from England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, France and Italy. It began in the 1995–96 season as the Heineken Cup, with sponsorship from major brewery Heineken, and kept that name through the 2013–14 season. Disagreements between the leagues that sent teams to the competition led to the end of the Heineken Cup, with the Champions Cup taking its place starting in 2014–15.

Toulouse have won the competition a record four times, Leinster and Toulon three times, while Munster, Leicester Tigers and Wasps have won it twice each. Toulon are the only team to have won three times in a row, winning the last two Heineken Cups in 2013 and 2014 and the first Champions Cup in 2015. The current champions are Saracens.

Rugby union
Sports competitions
Sport in Europe
1995 establishments in Europe
Mireia Riera Casanovas

Mireia Riera Casanovas (born March 14, 1975 in Lloret de Mar, Barcelona) is a swimmer from Spain. She has a physical disability: she has cerebral palsy and is an S7 type swimmer. She raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.  She finished second in the 100 meter freestyle race.  She finished third in the 400 meter freestyle race.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1975 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Catalonia
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S7
Funeral march

A funeral march (Marche funèbre, Trauermarsch) is a march, usually in a minor key, in a slow "simple duple" metre, creating the solemn pace of a funeral procession. Some such marches are often considered appropriate for use during funerals and other occasions, the most well-known being the third movement of Piano Sonata No. 2 by Frédéric Chopin. Handel uses the name dead march, also used for marches played by a military band at military funerals and executions.

Other websites 
Chopin's Iconic Funeral March

Compositions
Piano Sonata No. 2 (Chopin)

Frédéric Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 in B-flat minor, Op. 35, popularly known as The Funeral March, was completed in 1839 at Nohant, near Châteauroux in France.  However, the third movement, whence comes the sonata's common nickname, had been composed as early as 1837.

Movements
The sonata comprises four movements:
 Grave – Doppio movimento
 Scherzo
 Marche funèbre: Lento
 Finale: Presto

Further reading

Other websites 
 
 Piano Sonata No. 2 sheet music available at Musopen.com
 Recording of Sonata No.2 performed by the pianist Alberto Cobo

Compositions by Frédéric Chopin
Sonatas
Västernorrland County

Västernorrland County () is a county in northern Sweden, with the seat located in Härnösand. It was established in 1634.

Municipalities 

Härnösand
Kramfors
Sollefteå
Sundsvall
Timrå
Ånge
Örnsköldsvik

References

Other websites

1634 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Västerbotten County

Västerbotten County () is a county in northern Sweden, with the seat located in Umeå. It was established in 1638.

Municipalities 

Bjurholm
Dorotea
Lycksele
Malå
Nordmaling
Norsjö
Robertsfors
Skellefteå
Sorsele
Storuman
Umeå
Vilhelmina
Vindeln
Vännäs
Åsele

References

Other websites

1638 establishments
Counties of Sweden
1630s establishments in Europe
17th-century establishments in Sweden
Norrbotten County

Norrbotten County () is a county in northern Sweden, with the seat located in Luleå. It was established in 1810.

Municipalities

Norrbotten:
Pajala
Övertorneå
Överkalix
Boden
Kalix
Haparanda
Älvsbyn
Luleå
Piteå

Swedish Lapland:
Kiruna
Gällivare
Jokkmokk
Arjeplog
Arvidsjaur

References

Other websites

1810 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
19th-century establishments in Sweden
Jämtland County

Jämtland County () is a county in northern Sweden, with the seat located in Östersund. It was established in 1810.

Municipalities

Berg
Bräcke
Härjedalen
Krokom
Ragunda
Strömsund
Åre
Östersund

References

Other websites

1810 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
19th-century establishments in Sweden
Gävleborg County

Gävleborg County () is a county in northern Sweden, with the seat located in Gävle. It was established in 1762.

Municipalities

Bollnäs
Gävle
Hofors
Hudiksvall
Ljusdal
Nordanstig
Ockelbo
Ovanåker
Sandviken
Söderhamn

References

Other websites

1762 establishments
Counties of Sweden
18th-century establishments in Sweden
Gotland County

Gotland County () is a county in Sweden, on the Swedish Baltic Sea island of Gotland. The county seat is in Visby.

References

Municipalities
Gotland

Counties of Sweden
Gotland Municipality

Gotland Municipality () is a municipality in Sweden. It is on the island of Gotland. The seat is in Visby. Since 1971, the municipality covers all of Gotland County.

References

Other websites
 Gotland Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
1971 establishments in Sweden
Jönköping Municipality

Jönköping Municipality () is a municipality in southern Sweden, in Jönköping County. The seat is in Jönköping. It was established in 1971.

The municipality includes the former administrative towns of Jönköping, Huskvarna, Gränna, and the former market town of Norrahammar.

References

Other websites

 Jönköping Municipality 

1971 establishments in Sweden
Municipalities of Sweden
Jönköping County

Jönköping County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Jönköping. It was established in 1687. When Skaraborg County was disestablished in 1998, the municipalities of Habo and Mullsjö were merged into Jönköping County, following local 1997 referendums.

Municipalities

References

Other websites

1687 establishments
Counties of Sweden
1680s establishments in Sweden
Härjedalen Municipality

Härjedalen Municipality () is a municipality in Jämtland County in northern Sweden. The seat is in Sveg. The municipality was established in 1974.

References

Other websites
 Härjedalen Municipality

1974 establishments in Sweden
Municipalities of Sweden
Sveg

Sveg is a town in the county of Jämtland in Sweden. It is the seat of Härjedalen Municipality.

Famous people
Henning Mankell, Swedish crime novel writer

References

Other websites

Settlements in Jamtland County
Örebro County

Örebro County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Örebro. It was established in 1779.

Municipalities

Ljusnarsberg
Hällefors
Lindesberg
Nora
Karlskoga
Örebro
Lekeberg
Degerfors
Kumla
Hallsberg
Laxå
Askersund

References

Other websites

1779 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
18th-century establishments in Sweden
Värmland County

Värmland County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat in Karlstad. It was established in 1779.

Municipalities

Arvika
Eda
Filipstad
Forshaga
Grums
Hagfors
Hammarö
Karlstad
Kil
Kristinehamn
Munkfors
Storfors
Sunne
Säffle
Torsby
Årjäng

Sources

Other websites

1779 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
18th-century establishments in Sweden
Dalarna County

Dalarna County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Falun. It was established in 1647 as Kopparberg County (), before changing the name in 1997.

Municipalities

Avesta
Borlänge
Falun
Gagnef
Hedemora
Leksand
Ludvika
Malung-Sälen
Mora
Orsa
Rättvik
Smedjebacken
Säter
Vansbro
Älvdalen

References

Other websites

1647 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
17th-century establishments in Sweden
Östergötland County

Östergötland County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Linköping.

Municipalities

Boxholm
Finspång
Kinda
Linköping
Mjölby
Motala
Norrköping
Söderköping
Vadstena
Valdemarsvik
Ydre
Åtvidaberg
Ödeshög

References

Other websites

Counties of Sweden
Kronoberg County

Kronoberg County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Växjö. It was established in 1687.

Municipalities

Alvesta
Lessebo
Ljungby
Markaryd
Tingsryd
Uppvidinge
Växjö
Älmhult

References

Other websites

1687 establishments
Counties of Sweden
1680s establishments in Sweden
Kalmar County

Kalmar County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Kalmar.

Municipalities

Mainland Sweden:
Emmaboda
Hultsfred
Högsby
Kalmar
Mönsterås
Nybro
Oskarshamn
Torsås
Vimmerby
Västervik

Öland:
Borgholm
Mörbylånga

References

Other websites

Counties of Sweden
Västmanland County

Västmanland County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Västerås. It was established in 1634.

Municipalities

Arboga
Fagersta
Hallstahammar
Kungsör
Köping
Norberg
Sala
Skinnskatteberg
Surahammar
Västerås

References

Other websites

1634 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Uppsala County

Uppsala County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Uppsala. It was established in 1634.

Municipalities

Älvkarleby
Tierp
Östhammar
Uppsala
Enköping
Håbo
Knivsta
Heby (from 1 January 2007)

References

Other websites

1634 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Södermanland County

Södermanland County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Nyköping. It was established in 1634.

Municipalities

Eskilstuna
Flen
Gnesta
Katrineholm
Nyköping
Oxelösund
Strängnäs
Trosa
Vingåker

References

Other websites

1634 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Stockholm County

Stockholm County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Stockholm. It was established in 1714.

Municipalities

References

Other websites

1714 establishments in Europe
Counties of Sweden
18th-century establishments in Sweden
Blekinge County

Blekinge County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Karlskrona. It was established in 1683.

Municipalities

Karlshamn
Karlskrona
Olofström
Ronneby
Sölvesborg

References

Other websites

1683 establishments
Counties of Sweden
1680s establishments in Sweden
Halland County

Halland County () is a county in southern Sweden, with the seat located in Halmstad. It was established in 1719.

Municipalities

Kungsbacka
Varberg
Falkenberg
Hylte
Halmstad
Laholm

References

Other websites

1719 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Skåne County

Skåne County () is a county in central Sweden, with the seat located in Malmö. It was established in 1997, as a merger out of former counties Kristianstad and Malmöhus.

Municipalities

References

Other websites

1997 establishments in Sweden
Counties of Sweden
Rollo

Rollo (–), also called Rolf (Hrolf) was a Viking leader. In 911 he was given lands around Rouen by the Frankish king Charles III the simple. He passed on his ever growing fief to his descendants, known as the counts and later dukes of Normandy. He was the first of the dynasty known as the House of Normandy.

Early Career 

Rollo might have been a son of Rognvald, earl of More (in present day Norway) and was a Viking raider in France. He probably also raided Scotland and Ireland. Rollo played a part in the Siege of Paris (885–86) and then captured Bayeux according to Dudo of Saint-Quentin. While Rollo was given lands around Rouen in 911 by the French king, Flodoard of Reims says that there were many bands of Northmen raiding in western France at the time. In his writing he paid more attention to another group of Vikings under a Ragenold. Flodoard had no way of knowing then that of all the Viking bands those under Rollo would grow to become the great duchy of Normandy.

Beginnings of Normandy 

In 918 King Charles and Rollo met on the border of the Vexin and Roumois. The Roumois was the name then for the province of which Rouen was the capital. In a charter the king confirmed to Rollo the city of Rouen. He also gave him all the territory west to the border of Brittany. By 924 Normandy was growing into a principality. It was at this time he acquired Bayeux and also Maine. Rollo appears in annals only here and there. He was fighting over the castle of Eu against King Raoul. He also came to the aid of King Charles the Simple against Herbert II of Vermandois. Rollo died about 928. He was succeeded by his son William Longsword.

Family 
 
Rollo married first, Poppa. Together they had:

 William I, Longsword. He succeeded his father as princeps of Normandy.
 Gerloc, wife of William III, Duke of Aquitaine. 

He next married Gisela, daughter of Charles III the Simple, King of France.  They had no children.

Notes

References 

840s births
920s deaths
House of Normandy
Dukes and duchesses
Meryem Sevin

Meryem Sevin (20 February 1960 – 28 October 2007) was a Turkish poet and lyricist.

Meryem Sevin was born in Eskişehir. Her poems were composed in Turkish art music tradition by many composers. She was awarded prizes by TRT and Milliyet in 1990 with her lyrics "Düşünürken Seni Yüzüm Gülüyor (Sarsam Diyorum)". She was a member of the Eskişehir Poetry Association.

She died on 28 October 2007 in Eskişehir after suffering for 1 year from illness. Her funeral was held at Ramazanoğlu Mosque and buried in Alpu, Eskişehir on 29 October 2007.

She was married with conductor and singer Ata Sevin and had a child.

References 

1960 births
2007 deaths
Turkish poets
Felicia

Felicia is a female given name. It is taken from the masculine name Felix. It means "happy" or "happy times". The use of Felicia as a female given name began in post-Classical times and has uncertain origins. The name is associated with animals, saints, poets and fictional characters.

The name has been used for several Pacific tropical cyclones.

Given names
Mitochondrion (band)

Mitochondrion is a Canadian death and black metal band from Victoria, British Columbia. 

The band was formed in 2003 and released a self-titled demo in 2005 and released a second demo titled Through Cosmic Gaze in 2006.

The band released their first full-length album titled Archaeaeon in 2008 and their second full-length album titled Parasignosis in 2011. Both of their full-length album were released through Profound Lore Records.

Band members 
Current
Shawn Haché – Lead vocals, guitars (2003-present)
Nick Yanchuk – Vocals, guitars, bass (2003-present)
Karl Godard – Drums, keyboards (2006-present)
Sebastian Montesi - Vocals (Live)

Former
Nick Gibas - Bass, noise (2003-2009)
Jesse Anderson - Drums 
Mitch Aramenko - Lead guitar
Rob Hamilton - Bass (Live) (2011-2012)

Discography

Albums
Archaeaeon (Full-length) (2008)
Rituals of Transcendence / Liimk Halaayt (Split with Gyibaaw) (2010)	  
Parasignosis (Full-length)	(2011)
Antinumerology (EP) (2013)

References

Other websites 
Official website
Mitochondrion on Discogs

2000s music groups
Musical groups established in 2003
Canadian black metal bands
Canadian death metal bands
Canadian heavy metal bands
People from Victoria, British Columbia
Gramophone (magazine)

Gramophone is a magazine published monthly in London by Haymarket for classical music, particularly recordings. It was started in 1923 by the Scottish author Compton Mackenzie.  The magazine presents the Gramophone Awards each year to the classical recordings which it considers the best in a variety of categories.  

In the title bar of its website, Gramophone says they are "The world's authority on classical music since 1923."  This used to appear on the front cover of every issue, although recent editions have changed the wording to "The world's best classical music reviews."

Other websites
Official website
Gramophone Archive (1923 – present)
Hall of Fame

Music magazines
1923 establishments in the United Kingdom
Compton Mackenzie

Sir Compton Mackenzie, OBE (; 17 January 1883 – 30 November 1972) was a prolific writer of fiction, biography, histories, and memoir, as well as a cultural commentator, raconteur, and lifelong Scottish nationalist. He was one of the co-founders in 1928 of the Scottish National Party along with Hugh MacDiarmid, RB Cunninghame Graham and John MacCormick.

Other websites
 
 
 Compton Mackenzie's appearance on This Is Your Life
 

1883 births
1972 deaths
Scottish actors
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Bachelor
Paul Bekker

Paul Bekker (September 11, 1882, Berlin – March 7, 1937, New York) was one of the most influential German music critics of the 20th century.

The music library of Yale University houses the Paul Bekker Collection, which has many letters, documents, receipts, photographs, printed scores and other forms of miscellany, some of which have great historical and musicological value.

Other websites
 The Paul Bekker Papers from Irving S. Gilmore Music Library, Yale University.
 

1882 births
1937 deaths
Music critics
German people
Musopen

Musopen is an online library of public domain music recordings and sheet music, launched by Aaron Dunn in 2005. It aims to "set music free" through providing music to the public free of charge, without copyright restrictions.

In 2008, Musopen released newly-commissioned recordings of the 32 Beethoven piano sonatas into the public domain.

References

Other websites 

 Musopen Homepage
 Musopen Kickstarter-funded recordings on Archive.org

Websites
Music media
Maynard Solomon

Maynard Elliott Solomon (January 5, 1930 – September 28, 2020) was an American writer and a music producer. He was a co-founder of Vanguard Records, and later became a writer on music.

Career 
Maynard Solomon started Vanguard Records with his brother Seymour Solomon, in 1950. The label was popular for folk music and blues for the next fifteen years. As well as producing many albums, he wrote many liner notes.

Solomon won the rights to record and release music from the Newport Folk Festival. This meant he could release recordings by artists who had not actually signed with Vanguard.  At this time, Elektra was the main label for folk artists. Their singers, Phil Ochs and Judy Collins, were recorded at Newport, as was a Columbia artist, Bob Dylan.

In 1960, he signed Joan Baez. In the late 60's Vanguard had some success with rock artists, One of these was Country Joe and the Fish (today usually called Country Joe McDonald).

Death 
Solomon died on September 28, 2020 at his home in Manhattan from dementia with Lewy bodies, aged 90.

Selected discography 
 "Best of the Vanguard Years" (2000) (The Clancy Brothers)
 "Best of the Vanguard Years" (2000) (Tom Paxton)
 "Best of the Vanguard Years" (1998) (Ian and Sylvia)
 "Best of the Vanguard Years" (2004) (The Rooftop Singers)
 "Best of the Vanguard Years" (2003) (Buffy Sainte-Marie)
 "Best of the John Hammond" (1989) (John Hammond)
 "Best of the Eric Anderson" (1970) (Eric Anderson)
 "Vanguard Sessions: Baez Sings Dylan" (1998) (Joan Baez)
 "Reunion at Carnegia Hall, 1963, Pt 1" (2001) (The Weavers)
 "Reunion at Carnegia Hall, 1963, Pt 2" (2001) (The Weavers)

Bibliography
 The Joan Baez Songbook (1964, by Maynard Solomon and Eric von Schmidt)
 Noel: The Joan Baez Christmas Songbook (1967, by Joan Baez, Maynard Solomon and Eric von Schmidt)
 Marxism and Art (1973)
 "Beethoven and the Enlightenment" in Telos, 19 (Spring 1974). New York: Telos Press.
 Myth Creativity Psychoanalysis: Essays in Honor of Harry Slochower (1979)
 Mozart (1994)
 Beethoven: Vida e Obra (1987)
 Beethoven (1998)
 Beethoven Essays (1988)
 Memories of Beethoven (2003, by Gerhard von Breuning and Maynard Solomon).
 Late Beethoven: Music, Thought, Imagination (2004)
 Mozart: A Life (1995)

References

Other websites
Norman Weinstein (December 4 - 11, 1997). "Folk'd Up: The Good and the Bad of Vanguard", BostonPhoenix.com.

1930 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from dementia with Lewy bodies
Businesspeople from New York City
Record producers
Writers from New York City
Biographers
International Music Score Library Project

The International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP), also known as the Petrucci Music Library after publisher Ottaviano Petrucci, is a project for the creation of a virtual library of public domain music scores, based on wikis.

Current operation
IMSLP states on its site
that it is owned by Project Petrucci LLC. Physical contact information is provided, listing only an address in the United States.

Similar projects
 Choral Public Domain Library: focused on choral and vocal music.
 Musopen: focused on recordings.
 Mutopia Project: focused on typeset scores.
 Werner Icking Music Archive: contains mainly early music. (It was merged with IMSLP)

References

Other websites
 Website (Alternate addresses: http://petruccimusiclibrary.org , http://petruccilibrary.org)
 Wiki Homepage
 EU Server Portal
 US Server Portal
 CA Server Portal
 Project Leonardo Portal
 International Music Score Library Project Raises Copyright Concerns, New York Times, February 22, 2011
 Music copyright in the spotlight. BBC News 2 November 2007

Websites established in 2006
Databases
Music
Jacobs School of Music

The Jacobs School of Music of Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, is a music conservatory started in 1921. Until 2005, it was known as the Indiana University School of Music.  It has more than 1,600 students, approximately half of whom are undergraduates, with the second largest enrollment of all music schools as said by the National Association of Schools of Music.

Notable alumni

References

Other websites
Official site

Music schools
Colleges and universities in Indiana
1921 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Indiana
Catch (baseball)

In baseball, a catch occurs when a fielder gains possession of a batted ball in flight, and keeps possession until he purposefully or accidentally releases the ball.

References 

Baseball rules
Nefastus Dies

Nefastus Dies is a Canadian black and death metal band from Montreal, Quebec. 

The band was formed in 2005 and released a demo in 2005 titled Prelude. The band went on a promotional tour across Ontario & Quebec from January 11 to 19, 2006. They recorded their first full-length album titled Urban Cancer in 2006. They released the album on June 10, 2008 through Candlelight USA. The band then released their second demo titled Interlude in 2009 which was an independent internet only release.

The Metal Observer rated Prelude a 9.5 out of 10.

Band members 
Current
Void - Guitars
Auriel - Bass (2003-2005), Guitars (2005-present)
Scythrawl - Drums (2005-present)
Tim Sanders - Bass (2008-present)

Former
Tommy McKinnon - Drums (2003-2005)
Betrayal - Guitars, vocals (2003-2005)
Iraabbas - Keyboards (2003-2007)
Ill-Fate - Vocals (2005-2009)

Discography

Albums
Prelude (Demo) (2005)
Urban Cancer (Full-length) (2006)	  
Interlude (Demo) (2009)

References

Other websites 
Nefastus Dies on MySpace
Nefastus Dies on Discogs

2000s music groups
2005 establishments in North America
Canadian black metal bands
Canadian death metal bands
Canadian heavy metal bands
People from Montreal
Musical groups established in 2005
Manuel Robles (table tennis)

Manuel Robles Aguila (born March 6, 1959 in Monachil, Granada) is a table tennis athlete from Spain.  He has a physical disability: he is class 5 player. He played table tennis at the  1996 Summer Paralympics, 2000 Summer Paralympics and 2004 Summer Paralympics.  In 2000, he finished third in the Open 1-5 Singles table tennis game.

References 

Spanish sportspeople
Living people
1959 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Granada
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
Table tennis players
Sebastián Rodríguez Veloso

Sebastian Rodríguez Veloso (born February 27, 1957 in Cadiz) is a swimmer from Spain. She has a physical disability and is an S5 type swimmer. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 50 meter freestyle race, the 4 x 50 meter 20 points freestyle relay, the 4 x 50 meter 20 points medley relay and the 100 meter freestyle race. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 50 meter freestyle race and the 100 meter freestyle race. He finished third in the 4 x 50 meter 20 points medley relay He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the 4 x 50 meter 20 points freestyle relay. He finished third in the 50 meter freestyle race and the 4 x 50 meter 20 points medley relay.  He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the 50 meter freestyle race. He finished third in the 100 meter freestyle race.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1957 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
People from Andalusia
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S5
José Manuel Ruiz Reyes

José Manuel Ruiz Reyes (born July 16, 1978 in Granada) is a table tennis athlete from Spain.  He has a physical disability: he is class 10 player. He played table tennis at the 1996 Summer Paralympics, 2000 Summer Paralympics, 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2008 Summer Paralympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics.  In 2000, he finished second in the men's class 6-10 singles open and third in the Class 10 team.  In 2008, he finished second in the Team Class 9-10 game.  In 2012, he finished third in the Team Class 9-10 game.

References 

Spanish sportspeople
Living people
1978 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Granada
2000 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type Class 10
Table tennis players
Mullsjö

Mullsjö is a locality, and the seat of Mullsjö Municipality, in the county of Jönköping in Sweden.

References

Other websites

Mullsjö
Habo Municipality

Habo Municipality () is a municipality in Jönköping County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Habo. When Skaraborg County was disestablished in 1998, the municipalities of Habo and Mullsjö were merged into Jönköping County, following local 1997 referendums.

References

Other websites
 Habo Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Mullsjö Municipality

Mullsjö Municipality (, "Mullsjö kommun") is a municipality in Jönköping County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Mullsjö. When Skaraborg County was disestablished in 1998, the municipalities of Habo and Mullsjö were merged into Jönköping County, following local 1997 referendums.

References

Other websites
 Mullsjö Municipality 

Municipalities of Sweden
Bankeryd

Bankeryd is a locality in Jönköping Municipality, in the county of Jönköping in Sweden.

References

Other websites

Settlements in Jonkoping County
Hjo Municipality

Hjo Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Hjo.

References

Other websites
 Hjo Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Ovanåker

Ovanåker is a locality in Ovanåker Municipality in the county of Gävleborg in Sweden.

References

Other websites

Settlements in Gavleborg County
Ovanåker Municipality

Ovanåker Municipality () is a municipality in Gävleborg County in northern Sweden. The seat is in Edsbyn.

References

Other websites
 Ovanåker Municipality 

Municipalities of Sweden
Pablo Saavedra Reinado

Pablo Saavedra Reinado (born January 29, 1975 in Pontevedra) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability and is an S9 type swimmer.  He raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. He finished third in 4 x 100 meter 34 point freestyle relay race. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1975 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Pontevedra
2000 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S9
Juan Antonio Saavedra Reinaldo

Juan Antonio Saavedra Reinaldo (born November 21, 1973 in Pontevedra) is a shooter from Spain.  He has a disability and is an SH1-SH2 type shooter.  He competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics, 2004 Summer Paralympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics. In 2012, he finished second in the Free rifle lying R6, Mixed gender SH1 event.

References 

1973 births
Living people
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
People from Pontevedra
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish sportspeople
Sport shooters
Tidaholm Municipality

Tidaholm Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tidaholm.

References

Other websites
 Tidaholm Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Falköping Municipality

Falköping Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Falköping.

References

Other websites

 Falköping Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Ulricehamn Municipality

Ulricehamn Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Ulricehamn.

References

Other websites

 Ulricehamn Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Raquel Saavedra Salvador

Raquel Saavedra Salvador (born May 11, 1981 in Barcelona) is a swimmer from Spain.  She has a vision impairment and is an S11/B1 type swimmer.  She raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. She finished first in the 100 meter backstroke. She finished third in the 4 x 100 meter 49 points medley relay race. She raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. She finished third in the 100 meter backstroke.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1981 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Sportspeople from Barcelona
2000 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S11
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B1
Stepper motor

A stepper motor is an electric motor that is able to create sharp movements. It is used, for example, in printers. They are also commonly found in robots, automotive devices, and computer hard drives. Like other electric motors, they need an electrical circuit to work. Typically they have more than two wires to control them.  There are several versions of stepper motors and several ways to drive them.

DC motors can be considered using two general categories, stepper motors and servo motors.

Servo motors needs a continuous feedback of position to control the state of the motor in order to give the motor specific or desired speed or position. These types of stepper motor are usually more expensive because they required additional circuitry to acquire this constant positional feedback.

The other type of generalized motor is called a stepper motor. This stepper motor is commonly used for simple experiments because it is inexpensive. It doesn't require the position of the motor to be known, hence it won't require additional circuitry.  A stepper motor turns to a specific positions in using a constant sequence. This sequence can be achieved in multiple ways.

Full stepping, half stepping, and micro stepping are ways to achieve a sequence of steps from the motor. 

Full stepping with a two phase motor calls for two coils to be alternated simultaneously. This form of stepping will allow the motor to spin, but the angle of that spin will be based upon the step angle. The step angle is equal to the 360 degrees divided by the steps per revolutions. The steps per revolutions are found by the number phases on the stator times the number of permanent magnets available to the motor.

Applications 
 3D printing
 Image scanner

Electronics
Motors
Askersund Municipality

Askersund Municipality () is a municipality in Örebro County in central Sweden. The seat is in Askersund.

References

Other websites

 Askersund Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Alejandro Sanchez Palomero

Alejandro Sanchez Palomero (born November 6, 1986) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability and is an S8 type swimmer.  He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.  He finished third in the 100 meter S8 breaststroke.  He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1986 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S8
Vänersborg Municipality

Vänersborg Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Vänersborg.

References

Other websites
 Vänersborg Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
José Fernando Sardina Santiago

José Fernando Sardina Santiago (born September 16, 1970 in Brañosera, Palencia) is a goalball athlete from Spain.  He has a disability: he is blind and is a B2 type player. He played goalball at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. His team was third.

References 

Spanish goalball players
Living people
1970 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Castile and León
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
Francisco Segarra Simon

Francisco Segarra Simon (born February 27, 1976 in Granollers, Barcelona) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a vision problem and is an S12 type swimmer.  He raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.  He finished second in the 400 meter freestyle race and the 100 meter backstroke race. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.  He finished third in the 4 x 100 meter relay medley 49 points race and the 100 meter backstroke race.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1976 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Barcelona
2000 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S12
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
Santiago Jose Sanz Quinto

Santiago Jose Sanz Quinto (born October 22, 1969 in Albatera, Alicante) is a track and field athlete from Spain.  He has a physical disability: He is a T52 type athlete.  He competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics, 2004 Summer Paralympics and the 2008 Summer Paralympics.  In 2000, he finished second in the 5,000 meter race and third in the 800 meter race. In 2004, he finished second in the 1,500 meter race and third in the 5,000 meter race.

References 

Spanish athletes
Living people
1969 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
People from Alicante
Älvkarleby Municipality

Älvkarleby Municipality () is a municipality in Uppsala County in central Sweden. The seat is in Skutskär.

References

Other websites

 Älvkarleby Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Trollhättan Municipality

Trollhättan Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Trollhättan.

References

Other websites
 Trollhättan Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Mariestad Municipality

Mariestad Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Mariestad.

References

Other websites
 Mariestad Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Skövde Municipality

Skövde Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Skövde.

References

Other websites

 Skövde Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Skara Municipality

Skara Municipality () is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Skara.

References

Other websites
 Skara Municipality

Municipalities of Sweden
Jaime Serrano Alonso

Jaime Serrano Alonso (born April 30, 1979 in Barcelona) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability and is an S9 type swimmer. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 400 meter freestyle race. He finished second in the 200 meter individual medley race.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1979 births
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Barcelona
2000 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S9
Óscar Serrano González

Óscar Serrano González (born October 12, 1973 in Madrid) is a track and field athlete from Spain.  He has a vision problem, and he is a T12/B2 type athlete.  He competed the 2000 Summer Paralympics.  He finished third in the T12 1,500 meter race.

References 

Spanish athletes
Living people
1973 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
2000 Summer Paralympics
People from Madrid
Sportspeople with disabilities, type T12
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
Francisco Ángel Soriano San Martin

Francisco Ángel Soriano San Martin (born March 28, 1949 in Las Tejeras-Langreo, Asturias) is a shooter from Spain.  He has a disability and is an SH1 type shooter. He was injured in an accident at work.  Because of the accident, he uses a wheelchair.  In 2012, he was retired and a pensioner.  He competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics, 2000 Summer Paralympics, 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2008 Summer Paralympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics.  In 1996, he finished first in the Free Pistol .50 P4, Mixed SH1 competition.  In 2000, he finished third in the Free Pistol .50 P4, Mixed SH1 competition.

References 

1949 births
Living people
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
People from Asturias
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish sportspeople
Sport shooters
Samuel Soler Martin

Samuel Soler Martin (born May 18, 1979 in Plasencia, Cáceres) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability: he has cerebral palsy and is an S3 type swimmer.  He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.  He finished third in the 200 meter freestyle race. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1979 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from Extremadura
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S3
Last Vegas

Last Vegas is a 2013 American comedy movie. It was released in autumn 2013 in the United States. The movie is about four old friends in their sixties who throw a bachelor party for the last one of them being married. Michael Douglas stars as Billy, Robert De Niro is Paddy and Mary Steenburgen is Diana. 50 Cent, Morgan Freeman, and Kevin Kline also appear in this movie.

2013 buddy movies
2013 comedy movies
American buddy movies
American comedy movies
Buddy comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Las Vegas
Blood donation

Bloodletting was the name for a medical practice which affected the health of the person.

Blood donation is when a person voluntarily gives blood, which can be used for blood transfusions or to make certain drugs. Blood banks store this blood. The blood can be used to help the victims of accidents, for example. Usually, the blood donor and the donated blood are tested for diseases which spread through the blood. These include various forms of Hepatitis,HIV and Syphilis. Usually, a series of questions also need to be answered to make sure that there is no risk to the person donating. 

A special case of blood donation sometimes occurs before a dangerous medical operation. People donate their own blood, which can be used after the operation if they lose too much blood.

Related pages 
Blood draw

Health
Blood
Giving
Laura Tramuns Tripiana

Laura Tramuns Tripiana (born February 19, 1970 in Badalona, Barcelona) is a swimmer and track and field athlete from Spain.  She has a physical disability and is a S8/T46 type athlete.  She competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics and 2000 Summer Paralympics in swimming. In 1996, she finished second in the 100 meter breaststroke race.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Spanish athletes
Living people
1970 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
2000 Summer Paralympics
1996 Summer Paralympics
People from Barcelona
Sportspeople with disabilities, type T46
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S8
Daniel Vidal Fuster

Daniel Vidal Fuster (born December 30, 1975 in Burriana, Castellón) is a swimmer from Spain.  He has a disability and is an S6 type swimmer.  He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He finished first in the 50 meter butterfly race, the 4 x 50 meter medley relay and the 4 x 50 meter freestyle relay race.  He finished second in the 50 meter freestyle race.  He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the 50 meter freestyle race.  He finished third in the 50 meter butterfly race and the 4 x 50 meter medley relay.  He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the 4 x 50 meter freestyle relay race. He finished third in the  4 x 50 meter medley relay.   He finished fourth in the 50 meter freestyle race.  He finished fifth in the 50 meter butterfly race.

At the 2009 IPC  European Swimming Championship in Reykjavik, Iceland, he finished in the top three in at least one of his races. In 2010, he raced at the Tenerife International Open.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1975 births
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
People from the Community of Valencia
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S6
Silvia Vives Montlleó

Silvia Vives Montlleó (born August 17, 1974 in Barcelona) is a swimmer from Spain.  She has a disability and is an S8 type swimmer. She raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. She finished second in the 100 meter butterfly race and the 100 meter backstroke race. She finished third in the 4 x 100 meter 34 points medley relay and the 200 meter individual medley.

References 

Spanish swimmers
Living people
1974 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Barcelona
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S8