cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Radebeul

Radebeul is a town (große Kreisstadt) in the district of Meißen in Saxony, Germany, a suburb of Dresden. The Meißen area, where Radebeul is located, is one of the northeasternmost areas where wine is grown today.

References

Meißen Rural District
Limbach-Oberfrohna

Limbach-Oberfrohna is a town in the district of Zwickau in the German Free State of Saxony.

References

Zwickau Rural District
Zittau

Zittau (Czech: Žitava, Polish: Żytawa, Upper Lusatian dialect: Sitte) is a city in the southeast of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is close to the border triangle between Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic. It is part of the Görlitz rural district.

References

Görlitz Rural District
Glauchau

Glauchau (Thurginian-Upper Saxon dialect: Glauche) is a town in Saxony, Germany. It is near the river Mulde, 7 miles north of Zwickau and 17 miles west of Chemnitz by rail. It is part of the Zwickau district.

Population

References

Zwickau Rural District
Delitzsch

Delitzsch (Sorbian languages: Děľc and Delč)  () is a German city in Saxony, near Leipzig. It is part of the rural district of Nordsachsen.

References

Nordsachsen Rural District
Weißwasser

Weißwasser (, ) is a town in Upper Lusatia in the east of Saxony, Germany.

Weißwasser is the third largest town in the Görlitz district after Görlitz and Zittau. The town's landmark is its water tower.

References

Görlitz Rural District
Conduit current collection

Conduit current collection is a system of electric current collection used by electric trams. The power supply is in a channel under the roadway, rather than in overhead wires.

Related pages
Ground-level power supply
Kingsway tramway subway
Railway electrification system
Tramway tracks
Third rail

Other websites

Article on NYC conduits
Illustrated articles on London's conduits and the Kingsway Tram Subway. 
Description on the underground conduit system - as of December 2006 link appears to no longer be valid.
Information, photographs and some sound clips about the ground level power supply system currently being used in Bordeaux, France.

Electric rail transport
Tram technology
Metre gauge

Metre gauge is a type of railway track gauge. Railways with a gauge of  millimetres are called metre gauge. It is used in many regions across the world, though some railways were upgraded to standard gauge in the 20th century.

Related pages
 Narrow gauge railways, by gauge and country

Other websites 
http://parovoz.com/spravka/gauges-en.php

Rail transport
Leimen, Baden-Württemberg

Leimen is a town in the northwestern part of Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is the third biggest town of the Rhein-Neckar district. Weinheim and Sinsheim are the two towns that are bigger.

References

Towns in Baden-Württemberg
Recea, Brașov

Recea is a commune in Brașov County in Romania. As of 2002, almost 3,300 people were living in Recea.

Communes in Brașov County
Jingisukan

Jingisukan is a mutton dish.  It is thought to be first made in Hokkaido, one of Japan’s four major islands, and is most popular on this island.

How To Eat Jingisukan   
There are two ways to eat Jingisukan: mutton in sauce, and raw mutton.  It is cooked on a special grill.  It is usually cooked with many vegetables.  For example, bean sprout, onion, carrot, sweet pepper, pumpkin, or cabbage.

The Name 
The name Jingisukan comes from the famous Mongolian warrior’s name, “Genghis Khan.”  This dish was named after him because it is believed to originally come from Mongolia.
Kowhai

Kowhai are small, woody legume trees in the genus Sophora. They are native to New Zealand. There are eight species. Kowhai is the common name in Māori language used in New Zealand. In South Island grows Sophora microphylla, and in the North Island a larger leaflets species, i.e. S.tetraptera.

References

Other websites 
 "Sophora - The kowhais of New Zealand"

Faboideae
Trees
Ashigaru

Ashigaru is a type of Japanese soldier that began during the Heian Period (794-1185). Their origin is serving as bodyguards to government officials during this period.  They became more active over hundreds of years and ended up serving as foot-soldiers for samurai and shogun.  Ashigaru became masterless warriors after the beginning of the Edo Period (1603-1868). After the Edo Period, many became police.

Fighting style and armor 
Ashigaru are noted for using surprise attacks and group tactics.  They wore metal armor, a gauntlet, and a Japanese half-length coat.  The armor also had leather and Japanese rice paper.  Their weapon was a sword, spear, gun, or bow.  Ashigaru also carried a water bottle, tissue paper, and rice.

The Ōnin Rebellion 
In the Ōnin War (1467-1477), the ashigaru robbed and looted Kyoto.  This gave ashigaru a reputation as bad troops.

History of Japan
Samurai
Genotype

The genotype is the genetic constitution of an organism, mainly its genome. The term is contrasted with the term phenotype, as follows:

genotype + environment → phenotype

The terms were invented by Wilhelm Johanssen to distinguish between inherited and environmentally produced variation. "The distinction was not new. It had, for instance, been discussed by Francis Galton as nature vs. nurture.

The extent to which the genotype influences the phenotype varies hugely. Some aspects of the phenotype are almost entirely determined by heredity, such as eye colour and blood types. Human language is an interesting case. The capacity to learn and speak a language is entirely inherited, but which language is spoken is entirely learnt, and hence is environmental.

References 

Classical genetics

he:גן (ביולוגיה)#מושגים בסיסיים
Nisio Isin

Nisio Isin (Pronounced NE-shi-oh OH-shin; born 1981) is a Japanese writer.  He was born in Kyoto.  He still lives in Kyoto.  He generally writes in the style of mystery and light novel.  His writing is very popular among teenagers and 20-year-olds.  His first published book was, Kubikiri Saikuru. He won the Mefist Literature Prize for it in 2002. Koudansha Publishing is his primary publisher. The selling slogan for him is, "20 years old in Kyoto. NISIOISIN." He likes traveling and going to bookstores.

His name 
Nisio Isin is a palindrome, so it is often written in Roman letters as NISIOISIN.

Publications 
 Zaregoto series
 Kubikiri Saikuru (; February 5, 2002 in Japan)
 Monogatari series

1981 births
Living people
Writers from Kyoto Prefecture
Kapok

Ceiba pentandra or the Kapok is a species of tropical trees of the order Malvales and the family Malvaceae (previously separated in the family Bombacaceae), native to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, northern South America, and (as the variety Ceiba pentandra var. guineensis) to tropical west Africa.The normal colours are white and pink flowers it takes 4 weeks to grow a bud.

The word is also used for the fibre obtained from its seed pods. The tree is also known as the Java cotton, Java kapok, or ceiba. It is a sacred symbol in Maya mythology.

The tree of life grows to 60–70 m (200–230 ft) tall and has a very substantial trunk up to 3 m (10 ft) in diameter with buttresses.

Trees
Malvaceae
Guatemala national football team

Guatemala national football team is the national football team of Guatemala.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Central American national football teams
Sport in Guatemala
Honduras national football team

Honduras national football team is the national football team of Honduras.

Records

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Central American national football teams
Sport in Honduras
Mexico national football team

Mexico national football team is the national football team of Mexico.

Player records

Most capped players

Players in bold text are still active with Mexico.
As of 19 June 2019.

Top goalscorers

Players in bold text are still active with Mexico.
As of 27 March 2019.

References

Notes

North American national football teams
Football in Mexico
Panama national football team

Panama national football team is the national football team of Panama.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Central American national football teams
Sport in Panama
Trinidad and Tobago national football team

Trinidad and Tobago national football team is the national football team of Trinidad and Tobago.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References 

Caribbean national football teams
Turks and Caicos Islands national football team

Turks and Caicos Islands national football team is the national football team of Turks and Caicos Islands.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References 

Caribbean national football teams
Turks and Caicos Islands
United States national soccer team

United States national soccer team is the national soccer team of United States.

Player records
. Active players are shown in Bold.

References

North American national football teams
Soccer in the United States
Argentina national football team

Argentina national football team is the national football team of Argentina. They are nicknamed La Albiceleste (the blue and whites).

Most appearances 

 Boldface  indicates a player still active

Top scorers

References 

Notes

South American national football teams
Football in Argentina
Bolivia national football team

Bolivia national football team is the national football team of Bolivia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

1930 establishments in South America
South American national football teams
Sport in Bolivia
Brazil national football team

Brazil national football team is the national football team of Brazil. It is one of the most successful national teams with five World Cup titles (1958,1962,1970,1994 and 2002). It also has the most World Cup titles, with five.

Most caps

A cap is a player's appearance in a game at international level.
Players in bold are still active with Brazil.

Top goalscorers

References

South American national football teams
Football in Brazil
Chile national football team

Chile national football team is the national football team of Chile.

Most appearances

 If a player's name is in bold, that means that they are still playing international football.

Top scorers

References

South American national football teams
Football in Chile
Colombia national football team

Colombia national football team is the national football team of Colombia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

South American national football teams
Football in Colombia
Ecuador national football team

Ecuador national football team is the national football team of Ecuador.

References

South American national football teams
Paraguay national football team

Paraguay national football team is the national football team of Paraguay.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

South American national football teams
Sport in Paraguay
Peru national football team

Peru national football team is the national football team of Peru.

References

South American national football teams
Sport in Peru
1930 establishments in South America
20th-century establishments in Peru
Uruguay national football team

Uruguay national football team is the national football team of Uruguay. They won the World Cup in 1930 and 1950. Also, they won the Olympics football championship in 1924 and 1928. Recently, Uruguay won the 2011 Copa América, playing against Paraguay in the final.

Most appearances

Top scorers

Related pages
 National teams world champions (football)

References

Notes

Other websites
Official website 
FIFA profile 

South American national football teams
Football in Uruguay
Venezuela national football team

Venezuela national football team is the national football team of Venezuela.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

South American national football teams
Albania national football team

Albania national football team is the national football team of Albania. Although it never played any matches, the Albanian national football team existed before FSHF was created. This is witnessed by the registration of the team in the Balkan Cup tournament of 1929-1931, which started in 1929 (although Albania eventually retired from the competition, before the competition started).[4] FSHF was founded on June 6, 1930, and Albania had to wait 16 years to play its first international match, debuting against Yugoslavia in 1946. In 1932, Albania joined FIFA (during the congress June 12 — June 16) and in 1954, it was one of the founding members of UEFA.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
National football team
Azerbaijan national football team

Azerbaijan national football team is the national football team of Azerbaijan.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

National sports teams of Azerbaijan
European national football teams
Football in Azerbaijan
Belarus national football team

Belarus national football team is the national football team of Belarus.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Sport in Belarus
Belgium national football team

Belgium national football team is the national football team of Belgium.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Notes

European national football teams
Football in Belgium
Bulgaria national football team

Bulgaria national football team is the national football team of Bulgaria.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Other websites 
 Bulgarian football – history, teams, stadiums, fan clubs
 RSSSF archive of results 1924–

European national football teams
Football in Bulgaria
Croatia national football team

Croatia national football team is the national football team of Croatia. The team reached the final of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, but lost to France 4–2.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Croatia
Cyprus national football team

Cyprus national football team is the national football team of Cyprus.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Cyprus
Czech Republic national football team

Czech Republic national football team is the association football team that runs on behalf of Czech Republic.

Reference

European national football teams
Football in the Czech Republic
Denmark national football team

Denmark national football team is the national football team of Denmark.

References

European national football teams
Football in Denmark
Estonia national football team

Estonia national football team is the national football team of Estonia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Sport in Estonia
Faroe Islands national football team

Faroe Islands national football team is the national football team of Faroe Islands.

Player records

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Denmark
Faroe Islands
Finland national football team

Finland national football team is the national football team of Finland.

Player records

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Finland
North Macedonia national football team

National football team of North Macedonia is the national football team of the Republic of North Macedonia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References 

European national football teams
Sport in North Macedonia
France national football team

The France national football team is the national football team of France. They won the FIFA World Cup 2 times (1998, 2018), and the UEFA European Football Championship twice (1984, 2000). The teams current coach is Didier Deschamps, who took over from Laurent Blanc.

Most appearances

Top scorers

Honours

This is a list of honours for the senior France national team

FIFA World Cup

 Champions (2): 1998, 2018
 Runners-up: 2006
 Third place: 1958, 1986
 Fourth place: 1982

UEFA European Championship
 Champions (2): 1984, 2000
 Runners-up: 2016
 Fourth place: 1960
 Semi-finals: 1996

FIFA Confederations Cup
 Champions (2): 2001, 2003

UEFA Nations League
Winners: 2020–21

Olympic football tournament
 Gold Medal (1): 1984
 Silver Medal: 1900
 Fourth place: 1920
 Semi-finals: 1908

References

European national football teams
Football in France
Georgia national football team

The Georgia national football team is the national football team of Georgia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Sport in Georgia (country)
Greece national football team

Greece national football team is the national football team of Greece. They became European champions in only their second participation in the tournament in 2004. Their best result in the World Cup was in the 2014 FIFA World Cup where they made it to the Round of 16.

Most appearances 

As of 29 March 2016

Top scorers 
As of 29 March 2016

References

European national football teams
Football in Greece
Hungary national football team

Hungary national football team is the national football team of Hungary.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Hungary
Iceland national football team

Iceland national football team is the national football team of Iceland.

Competitive record 

Before 2016, Iceland had never qualified for any major tournament. They got close in 2013, but lost to Croatia in the 2014 FIFA World Cup play-offs.

UEFA Euro 2016 

They qualified for the UEFA Euro 2016 after finishing as runners-up in their qualification group. They went on to finish at 2nd place in their group during the group stage, and went on to face England in the round of 16. Even though they were the obvious underdogs, they beat England 2−1 with goals from Ragnar Sigurðsson and Kolbeinn Sigþórsson. Their momentum ended when they lost to France 5−2 after being down 4−0 at halftime.

Group stage

Round of 16

Quarter-finals

Squad

Most appearances

Top scorers

References 

European national football teams
Football in Iceland
Republic of Ireland national football team

Republic of Ireland national football team is the national football team of Republic of Ireland.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in the Republic of Ireland
Italy national football team

Italy national football team is the national football team of Italy. They won the FIFA World Cup 4 times (1934, 1938, 1982, 2006), and the UEFA European Football Championship twice (1968, 2020).

Most appearances

Top scorers

Competitive record 

FIFA World Cup

 Champions : 4 (1934, 1938, 1982, 2006)
 Runners-Up : 2 (1970, 1994)
 Third Place : 1 (1990)
 Fourth Place : 1 (1978)

UEFA European Championship

 Champions : 2 (1968, 2020)
 Runners-Up : 2 (2000, 2012)
 Semi-finals : 1 (1988)

FIFA Confederations Cup

 Third Place : 1 (2013)

References

Related pages
 Italy national under-21 football team
 Serie A

Other websites 
 Official website by FIGC
 Italy at UEFA
 Italy  at FIFA

European national football teams
Football in Italy
Latvia national football team

Latvia national football team is the national football team of Latvia. They never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but they did qualify for the UEFA Euro 2004.

Most appearances

Top scorers

Latvia coaches

References

European national football teams
Sport in Latvia
Lithuania national football team

Lithuania national football team is the national football team of Lithuania.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Sport in Lithuania
Malta national football team

Malta national football team is the national football team of Malta.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Sport in Malta
Montenegro national football team

Montenegro national football team is the national football team of Montenegro.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References 

European national football teams
Sport in Montenegro
Netherlands national football team

Netherlands national football team is the national football team of Netherlands.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Notes

European national football teams
Football in the Netherlands
Northern Ireland national football team

Northern Ireland national football team is the national football team of Northern Ireland.

Most appearances

 localization correction

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Northern Ireland
Norway national football team

Norway national football team is the national football team of Norway.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Norway
Poland national football team

Poland national football team is the national football team of Poland.

Recent games

Euro 2016 

Poland made it to the quarter-finals of the Euro 2016, their best performance yet.

2018 FIFA World Cup 

Poland failed to make it out of the group stage in the 2018 World Cup.

Most appearances 

 Bold – still active

Top scorers 

 Bold – still active

References 

European national football teams
Football in Poland
Portugal national football team

Portugal national football team is the national football team of Portugal. In July 2016, they won the European Championship. Their captain is Cristiano Ronaldo.

Statistics

Most capped players

Top goalscorers

Players in bold are still active for the national team.

Honours

Major:
FIFA World Cup
Third place: 1966
Fourth place: 2006
UEFA European Championship
Winners: 2016
Runners-up: 2004
FIFA Confederations Cup
Third place: 2017
UEFA Nations League
Winners: 2018–19
Olympic Games
Fourth place: 1996

Minor:
SkyDome Cup
Winners: 1995
Brazil Independence Cup
Runners-up: 1972

Other:
FIFA World Cup Most Entertaining Team: 2006
Laureus World Sports Award for Team of the Year:
Nominations: 2017

References

European national football teams
Football in Portugal
Romania national football team

Romania national football team is the national football team of Romania.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Romania
Russia national football team

The Russia national football team is the national football team of Russia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

Competitive record

FIFA World Cup 

 Fourth Place : 1 (1966)
 Quarter-finals : 1 (2018)

UEFA European Championship 

 Champions : 1 (1960)
 Runners-Up : 3 (1964, 1972, 1988)
 Semi-finals : 1 (2008)
 Fourth Place: 1 (1968)

References

Notes

Other websites 
 Official website
 Russia National Team 
 Russia National Team  

European national football teams
Football in Russia
Scotland football team

The Scotland football team is the national football team of Scotland. It is currently managed by former Dundee United manager Craig Levein who took over from George Burley on 23rd December 2009.

Scotland has the joint oldest national football team in the world as they played England in the first ever international football match in 1872.

Stadium
Hampden Park in Glasgow is the home of the Scotland national team and is described by the Scottish Football Association as the National Stadium. The stadium, which can hold 52,000 people, is one of several stadiums to have used the name. Hampden and its predecessors have hosted international matches since 1878. A record of 149,415 people was set by the Scotland v England match in 1937. Hampden is one of only two Scottish football stadiums to receive a UEFA 5–star rating.

Since the last redevelopment to Hampden was completed in 1999, Scotland have played all but one of their competitive matches there. Only when Celtic Park hosted the first Euro 2008 qualification match against the Faroe Islands. Celtic Park was used because the fixtures were decided by a random draw and Hampden had already been booked for a Robbie Williams concert on the same date.

References 

European national football teams
Football in Scotland
Serbia national football team

The Serbia national football team (Serbian: Фудбалска репрезентација Србије, Fudbalska reprezentacija Srbije) is the national football team of Serbia.

Both FIFA and UEFA consider the Serbian national team to be the direct successor of the Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro teams.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

Other websites 

 Football Association of Serbia – official site
 Serbian National Football Team
 UEFA team profile
 FIFA team profile 

European national football teams
Football in Serbia
Slovakia national football team

Slovakia national football team is the national football team of Slovakia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Slovakia
Slovenia national football team

Slovenia national football team is the national football team of Slovenia.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Slovenia
Spain national football team

Spain national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de España) is the national football team of Spain. The current head coach is Luis Enrique. The team is often called La Roja ("The Red [One]"), La Furia Roja ("The Red Fury"), La Furia Española ("The Spanish Fury") or just La Furia ("The Fury").

Team history 
The Spanish team became a member of FIFA in 1904, even though the team was made in 1909. Spain had their first match on the 8th of August of 1920 against Denmark. Since the team's creation in 1909, they have been in 13 FIFA World Cups, and 9 UEFA European Football Championships.

Spain are three-time European champions, having won the UEFA Euro 2012, UEFA Euro 2008, and 1964 European Championship. From November 2006 through June 2009 Spain went undefeated for 35 matches, a record shared with Brazil. Spain are one of the eight national teams to have won the FIFA World Cup; they won their first at the 2010 World Cup in South Africa when they defeated the Netherlands 1–0 after extra time. Andrés Iniesta scored the winning goal in the 116th minute. 

The team's achievements have led to many commentators and football experts naming them one of the best international sides in football history.

Most appearances 

 If a player's name is in bold, that means that they are still playing international football.

Top scorers

References 

European national football teams
Football in Spain
1909 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in Spain
Sweden national football team

Sweden national football team is the national football team of Sweden. They made it to 2nd place in the 1958 FIFA World Cup, and the semi-finals in the Euro 1992.

Most appearances

Top scorers

Other websites

References

European national football teams
Football in Sweden
Switzerland national football team

Switzerland national football team is the national football team of Switzerland.

References

European national football teams
Football in Switzerland
Ukraine national football team

Ukraine national football team is the national football team of Ukraine.

Most appearances

Top scorers

References

European national football teams
Football in Ukraine
Haiti national football team

Haiti national football team is the national football team of Haiti.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Haiti
Jamaica national football team

Jamaica national football team is the national football team of Jamaica.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Sport in Jamaica
Guyana national football team

Guyana national football team is the national football team of Guyana.

References

African national football teams
Sport in Guyana
Martinique national football team

Martinique national football team is the national football team of Martinique.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Martinique
Football in France
Montserrat national football team

Montserrat national football team is the national football team of Montserrat.

References 

Caribbean national football teams
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles national football team

Netherlands Antilles national football team was the national football team of Netherlands Antilles. The Netherlands Antilles dissolved into different countries on 10 October 2010.

References 

Caribbean national football teams
Netherlands Antilles
Nicaragua national football team

Nicaragua national football team is the national football team of Nicaragua.

References

Central American national football teams
Nicaragua
Puerto Rico national football team

Puerto Rico national football team is the national football team of Puerto Rico.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Sports in Puerto Rico
Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team

Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team is the national football team of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia national football team

Saint Lucia national football team is the national football team of Saint Lucia. 

It has appeared in many CONCACAF tournaments and competitions.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Saint Lucia
Saint Martin national football team

Saint Martin national football team is the national football team of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Football in France
Saint Martin
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines national football team

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines national football team is the national football team of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Sint Maarten national football team

Sint Maarten national football team is the national football team of Sint Maarten.

References

Notes

Caribbean national football teams
Sint Maarten
Suriname national football team

Suriname national football team is the national football team of Suriname.

References

South American national football teams
Sport in Suriname
United States Virgin Islands national soccer team

United States Virgin Islands national soccer team is the national soccer team of United States Virgin Islands.

References

Caribbean national football teams
Andorra national football team

Andorra national football team is the national football team of Andorra.

References 

European national football teams
Sport in Andorra
Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team

Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team is the national football team of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

References

European national football teams
Football in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kazakhstan national football team

Kazakhstan national football team is the national football team of Kazakhstan.

References

Asian national football teams
Sport in Kazakhstan
Liechtenstein national football team

Liechtenstein national football team is the national football team of Liechtenstein.

References

European national football teams
football
Luxembourg national football team

Luxembourg national football team is the national football team of Luxembourg.

References

European national football teams
Sport in Luxembourg
Moldova national football team

Moldova national football team is the national football team of Moldova.

References 

European national football teams
Sport in Moldova
San Marino national football team

San Marino national football team is the national football team of San Marino.

References

European national football teams
Sport in San Marino
Angels & Demons

Angels & Demons is a book by American author Dan Brown. This book follows the story of Robert Langdon, the professor who studies about mysterious codes and ancient societies.
The main subject of the book is how Robert Langdon, with the help of the beautiful scientist Vittoria Vetra, search for the container of a dangerous substance named antimatter that would destroy the Vatican city at midnight, and rescue the four cardinals in the day of the Conclave. To find the container and rescue the cardinals, Langdon and Vittoria have to follow the "Path of Illumination", that is marked by sculptures made by a member of illuminati - Bernini, each of them representing one of the elements of science, Earth, Air, Fire and Water. In the end they are able to rescue only 1 cardinal and the antimatter is lifted into the sky where it explodes harmlessly.

20th-century American novels
English-language novels
Antikythera mechanism

The Antikythera mechanism is a  mechanical calculator. It was an Ancient Greek  analogue computer and orrery. It was discovered in 1902 in a shipwreck off the coast of Antikythera, Greece.

A number of gears worked together, much like they do in a mechanical clock. The device could predict astronomical positions, eclipses, the motions of the sun, the moon and probably some of the planets. This makes it possible to use the device as a calendar. There were three big dials, and three small ones. Used as a calendar the main functions were:
A solar calendar showing days and months, as well as the babylonian zodiac
A Lunisolar calendar showing the months
A calendar, showing eclipse cycles: past and future eclipses of the sun and the moon
A calendar, showing the years in which there would be panhelllenic games (or Olympics)

The device was found on a shipwreck, near the island of Antikythera, between the Peloponnese and Crete. Different coins were also found on the wreck. There are coins from Pergamon, dating between 86 BC and 67 BC, and coins from Ephesus, dating between 70 BC and 60 BC. This means that the ship sunk between 70 and 60 BC. This device is the most complex device known in Antiquity. Only in the 14th century did people again have the knowledge to build similar devices.

The device  is now on display in the Bronze Collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Athens.

When the mechanism was found, it consisted of corroded metal plates. Before x-rays could be used to show what was "inside", it was very difficult to judge what the mechanism did. Many of the parts that make up the mechanism were lost either during the roughly 2000 years it had laid on the sea floor, or shortly after discovery. Many gears have not "survived" in one piece. None of the scales is complete, and only one indicator survived as a fragment. The Antikythera Research project has produced a reconstruction; it added seven gears that were probably part of the device. There are 35 gears, and seven displays. There are many hints that the device was also used to calculate and show the movement of stars, even though none of the necessary gears or displays have been found.

Mechanism of operation

There were 82 parts in total. With the parts found it is not possible to get the mechanism with all displays and dials fully operational. It is also not possible to know how many parts have been lost. In total, 30 gears were found. One gear is probably part of a planetary display, that has been lost. To make the reconstructed displays work, another eight gears would be necessary, but they have been lost. There are two crown gears, all the other gears found are normal gears (that require a special alignment of the axes). The gear was a primitive one, and the transmission was not uniform. The mechanism was repaired at least once, which shows that it must have been used often.

References

Other websites 
 The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project
Antikythera.org - Website with collected information

Ancient history
Technology
Corned beef

Corned beef is a cut of beef that has been pickled or cured in brine. Corned beef is a common meat in deli sandwiches. Corned beef is eaten by people on Saint Patrick's Day with cabbage.

Beef
Werdau

Werdau is a town in the German rural district Zwickau. Werdau is a part of the administrative region of Chemnitz in the Free State of Saxony. It is lies on the river Pleiße, 8 km from Zwickau.

References

Zwickau Rural District
Annaberg-Buchholz

Annaberg-Buchholz () is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is in the Erzgebirge and the capital of the rural district Erzgebirgskreis.

References

Erzgebirgskreis Rural District
Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport

The Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport is a UK cabinet position with responsibility for the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The role was created in 1992 by John Major as Secretary of State for National Heritage. It took on its current title on 3 July 2017. The first to fill the role, David Mellor dubbed it "Minister for Fun".

Members of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom
British culture
Coswig, Saxony

Coswig () is a town in the district of Meißen, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is located about 9 km southeast of Meißen and 13 km northwest of Dresden.

References

Meißen Rural District
Reichenbach im Vogtland

Reichenbach is the largest city in the rural district of Vogtlandkreis in Saxony, Germany.

References

Vogtlandkreis Rural District
Crimmitschau

Crimmitschau () is a town in the rural district of Zwickau in the  Free State of Saxony, Germany.

The first documentation of Crimmitschau is from 1212.

Population

References

Zwickau Rural District
Overhead lines

Overhead lines or overhead wires are used to transmit electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains at a distance from the energy supply point. This may be abbreviated to OHL or OHLE for OverHead Line Equipment.

Related pages  

 Bow collector
 Pantograph
 Trolley pole
 Railway electrification

Rail infrastructure
Rail technologies
Electric rail transport
Green vehicles
Tram technology
HTC

HTC Corporation is a manufacturer of smartphones in Taiwan. It used to be called High Tech Computer Corporation and now is called HTC by lots of people. The company first made smartphones based on Microsoft's Windows Mobile operating system, but in 2009 it started to make smartphones based on Android operating system.

HTC is also a member of the Open Handset Alliance, a group of manufacturers and mobile network operators helping to improve the Android operating system. The HTC Dream, sold by T-Mobile in many countries as the T-Mobile G1, was the first phone to use this.

References

Other websites
 HTC website

Mobile phone companies
1997 establishments in Asia
Cesena

Cesena is a city in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena. About 95,000 people live in Cesena.

Main sights 
Cesena's monuments include: 
 the Rocca Malatestiana (castle).
 the Biblioteca Malatestiana, the first public library in Italy.
 the Cathedral (completed in 1500).
 The Pinacoteca Comunale is housed in what was once a Benedictine monastery.
 The Galleria dei dipinti antichi della Cassa di Risparmio di Cesena
 The Abbey of Madonna del Monte
 The Masini's Fountain
 The Alessandro Bonci's Theater

Economy 
Cesena's industry centers on agriculture, handicrafts, and tourism.

References

Other websites 
 Cesena home page  
 Cesena history and info  
 Cesena tourism - visitcesena.com  

Cities in Emilia-Romagna
Bubblegum

Bubble gum is a popular type of candy that is not eaten, but instead chewed. Before being chewed bubble gum is hard. When it is chewed it is soft. It is called bubble gum, because once soft a person could create a bubble with the gum by blowing air into it. Bubble gum comes in many flavors.

Bubble gum is made with organic latex, a milky fluid produced by a variety of seed plants. Latex is also the principle component of rubber. It has water and sugar in it as well.

Bubble gum was invented in 1928 by Mr. Walter Diemer when he was doing something else. He only had pink food coloring. That is why most bubble gum is pink. His gum was called Dubble Bubble, which was the first bubble gum ever made. Bazooka was the second made bubble gum.  Thomas Adams made a kind of bubble gum called Black Jack.

Related pages
 Chewing gum

References

Candy
Hay

Hay is grass and other plants that have been cut, dried and collected. It can then be stored in piles (called hay stacks), or tied into blocks called bales. Bales can be round or box shaped (usually called square bales).

Hay is mostly used to feed animals. Some animals that eat hay are horses, cattle, goats, donkeys, and rabbits. Hay is fed when there is not enough pasture or rangeland on which an animal can graze or they can't graze year round. Farmers and ranchers often need to use hay in the winter when grass is not available.

Hay is different than straw.  Hay is made from leafy grass and other plants (such as alfalfa) and is good for feeding animals.  Straw comes from the stems of cereal grains, and is not very nutritious.  Straw is normally used for bedding to keep animals warm and dry.

Other websites

Poales
Agriculture
Rangeland

A rangeland is like a pasture. A rangeland can be used for animals to graze on or for whatever the rancher wants.

Agriculture
Wolfgang Pauli

Wolfgang Ernst Pauli (25 April 1900 in Vienna – 15 December 1958 in Zurich) was an Austrian-American-Swiss theoretical physicist known for his work on spin theory, and for the discovery of the pauli exclusion principle, which is important for the structure of matter and the whole of chemistry. He was given the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1945.

Pauli was of Jewish descent.

References 

1900 births
1958 deaths
Austrian Jews
Jewish academics
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Jewish scientists
Scientists from Vienna
Swiss Jews
Swiss scientists
American theoretical physicists
Austrian Nobel Prize winners
American Nobel Prize winners
Former Roman Catholics
Hanukkah

Hanukkah is a Jewish holiday which celebrates the victory of the Maccabees over the larger Syrian army. It also celebrates a miracle that happened during this time, where just a day's supply of oil allowed the menorah (Hanukkiah or Hanukkah Menorah) in the rededicated Temple in Jerusalem to remain lit for eight days. Therefore, Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah for eight days. Hanukkah begins on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar, which on the Gregorian calendar is late November or December. For example, in 2013 it started on November 27. The Hebrew word  means rededication.

The hanukiah (or hanukkah menorah) is a candle holder, an important Hanukkah symbol. It has nine branches.   Traditionally, one candle is separated from the rest, usually by being higher than the other eight. On the first night, only one candle is lit, on the right side of the hanukiah. On the second night, a second candle is added, and they are lit from left to right -- but the Hanukkiah is filled from right to left. This continues for all eight nights. The candles are never lit directly - instead, the higher candle, (called a shamash, meaning "attendant") is lit first, and then used to light the rest of the candles. While the candles are lit, blessings are said over them.

Jewish children often play a game called dreidel. The dreidel is a four-sided spinning top, each side having a Hebrew letter. The four letters (nun, gimel, hey, and shin) stand for the Hebrew phrase, "Nes gadol haya shaam," meaning, "A great miracle happened there." In Israel, by contrast, the dreidel reads "Po" instead of "shaam," meaning "here." So in Israel the phrase is, "a great miracle happened here."

History of Hanukkah
Approximately 2,200 years ago, there was a war between the Greeks and the Jews.  The Greeks won and forced their culture on the Jews. A group of Jewish people called the Maccabees revolted and liberated Jerusalem. The Maccabees found their Temple defiled. They sought to rededicate it to God, as the Greeks had been worshipping Zeus there.  As part of the rededication, they needed to relight the menorah, whose source of fuel was olive oil.

According to the Talmud, the Jewish people only found a single jar of undefiled oil, and that oil was only enough to last a single day. The Jewish people took a leap of faith and relit the menorah. To their surprise, the menorah stayed lit for eight days, which was seven more days than they expected. The Jewish people attributed the surprising amount of time that the oil lasted to God (a miracle).

Hanukkah is an eight-day celebration, and each day commemorates each day that the oil lasted. On each day, a branch of the nine-branch Hanukkah menorah is lit with the shamash ("helper" candle), which sits on the middle branch.

Dates 
 2017: 12-20 December
 2018: 2-10 December
 2019: 22-30 December
 2020: 10-18 December

References

Other websites
Markkleeberg

Markkleeberg is a town in the Leipzig district, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Pleiße and about 7 km south of Leipzig.

References

Leipzig Rural District
Döbeln

Döbeln is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is part of the rural district Mittelsachsen. Döbeln is on both banks of the river Freiberger Mulde.

References

Mittelsachsen Rural District
Morgan County, Indiana

Morgan County is a county found in Indiana, United States. Almost 66,700 people were living in Morgan County as of 2000.

Cities and towns 
 Bethany
 Brooklyn
 Martinsville
 Monrovia
 Mooresville
 Morgantown
 Paragon

Unincorporated towns 
 Centerton

Townships
 Adams
 Ashland
 Baker
 Brown
 Clay
 Green
 Gregg
 Harrison
 Jackson
 Jefferson
 Madison
 Monroe
 Ray
 Washington

Indiana counties
1822 establishments in Indiana
Madrid Symphony Orchestra

The Madrid Symphony Orchestra () is an orchestra based in Madrid, the capital of Spain.  It was started in 1903.  

The orchestra gave its first public concert under the conductor, Alonso Cordelás on 7 February 1904 at the Teatro Real.  The next year Enrique Fernández Arbós became conductor of the orchestra, and he stayed with them for more than 30 years.  The orchestra played a lot of Spanish music as well as music by composers from other European countries.  Some very famous people such as Igor Stravinsky and Richard Strauss conducted the orchestra.  The orchestra gave the first performances of famous pieces such as: Falla's Nights in the Gardens of Spain (1916) and  Prokofiev's Second Violin Concerto (1935). 

During the Spanish Civil War it was difficult to keep the concerts going.  After the war, in June 1939, Arbós died and many of the musicians had gone into exile because of the rise of the dictator General Francisco Franco.  The conductor Enrique Jordá kept the orchestra going until 1945 when the World War II ended.

From 1958 the orchestra often played for comic Spanish operas called zarzuelas.  They often travelled through Spain and to  Portugal and Latin America giving concerts..

In 1965 a new orchestra, the Orquesta Sinfónica de RTVE, was started.  This made things difficult for the Madrid Symphony Orchestra.  They had to spend a lot of time playing for the Teatro de la Zarzuela. In the 1970s they made a lot of recordings of zarzuelas and Spanish operas.  The recordings were very good, but they did not have much time for orchestral concerts.

After Franco’s death the orchestra became the official orchestra for the Teatro de la Zarzuela.  Later, when a new concert hall, the Auditorio Nacional de Música was opened, the orchestra had more opportunity to give orchestra concerts.  In 1997, the Orchestra moved out of the Teatro de la Zarzuela and moved to the Teatro Real where they will stay at least until 2009.  The orchestra now have an educational plan to help young children listen to music and encourage them to play instruments.

Today the orchestra is conducted by  Jesús López Cobos.

Principal conductors
 Alonso Cordelás 1903–1904
 Enrique Fernández Arbós 1905–1939
 Enrique Jordá 1940–1945
 Conrado del Campo 1946–1950
 José María Franco 1951–1958
 Vicente Spiteri 1958–1977
 Luis Antonio García Navarro 1999–2001
 Jesús López Cobos 2002–

Other websites
 Orchestra homepage (in Spanish)

Orchestras
Madrid
1903 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in Spain
Spanish Republican government in Exile

The Spanish Republican government in Exile was a group of politicians who went into exile in France when the dictator Francisco Franco took power in Spain after the Spanish Civil War. They wanted to continue the government of the Second Spanish Republic. They hoped that democracy would come back to Spain after World War II, but Franco continued to rule for another 20 years.

After Franco's death in 1975, King Juan Carlos restored democratic government. In 1977 the exiled Republicans decided to accept Juan Carlos as king. The king let the exiled politicians come back to Spain.

Governments in exile
World Baseball Classic

The World Baseball Classic (WBC) is an international baseball tournament by Major League Baseball and the International Baseball Federation. The first ever WBC was held in 2006 and was won by Japan. The second WBC was held in 2009, and Japan won again. The third WBC was take place in 2013 and was won by Dominican Republic. The fourth WBC was take place in 2017 and was won by United States.

Baseball