cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Red-shouldered macaw

The red-shouldered macaw (Diopsittaca nobilis) is a species of parrot. There are three sub-species. They are green with red shoulder flashes. 
 
The birds are sometimes sold as pets. The are smaller than most macaws, and bond well with humans. They are intelligent birds, so many people keep them as companion animals. They are from South America, and eat fruits, nuts, and seeds.

It is native to the tropical lowlands, savannah, and swamplands of Venezuela, the Guianas, Bolivia and Brazil. It has two distinct subspecies, the noble macaw and Hahn's macaw.

The red-shouldered macaw nests in a hole in a tree. There are usually three or four white eggs in a clutch. The female incubates the eggs for about 24 to 26 days, and the chicks fledge from the nest about 54 days after hatching.

References

True parrots
Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is cancer in the endometrium (lining of the uterus). The cancer is usually diagnosed during its early stages, resulting in a better survival rate than most cancers. Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States: over 35,000 women are diagnosed each year.

Cancer
Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
Arthur Christmas

Arthur Christmas (originally called Operation Rudolph) is a 2011 computer-animated comedy-drama movie that was produced by Steve Pegram and was directed by Sarah Smith and Barry Cook. Arthur Christmas was released on November 11, 2011 in the United Kingdom and on November 23, 2011 in North America.

Release Dates

Cast 
James McAvoy as Arthur
Hugh Laurie as Steve
Jim Broadbent as Santa
Bill Nighy as Grandsanta
Imelda Staunton as Mrs. Santa
Ashley Jensen as Byrony

Other websites 
Arthur Christmas' Official website

2011 comedy-drama movies
2011 animated movies
American comedy-drama movies
American animated movies
British comedy-drama movies
British animated movies
Christmas movies
Arm wrestling

Arm wrestling is a sport with two players. Each player places one arm, either the right or left, on a surface, with their elbows bent and touching the surface, and they grip each other's hand. The goal is to pin the other's arm onto the surface, with the winner's arm over the loser's arm.

Description
Many things can play a part in a player's success in arm wrestling. Skill and overall arm strength are the two greatest contributing things to winning an arm wrestling match. Other things such as the length of an arm wrestler's arm, his/her muscle and arm mass/density, hand grip size, wrist endurance and flexibility, reaction time, as well as countless other traits, can add to the advantages of one arm wrestler over another. It is sometimes used to prove who is stronger between two or more people.

Some people arm wrestle in contests. In the United States of America, contests are held by the United States Armwrestling Federation, also called the USAF. The World Armwrestling Federation, also called the WAF, has more than 85 member countries.

Avoiding injury 

Arm wrestling puts enormous pressure/twist on the upper arm's humerus bone to a degree seen in few other physical activities. Most people's bones are not used to being so stressed in this way, and injuries can occur surprisingly easily. The arm typically fails because of a diagonal break at or below the midpoint between the shoulder and the elbow.

The natural tendency of an inexperienced arm wrestler is to push the hand, wrist, and shoulder in the same coordinated direction, against the force being applied by the opponent. This is how we throw a baseball or hit a tennis ball.

However, turning one's shoulder this way simply adds to the pressure already being applied to the humerus by the opponent. US Arm Sports advises of the danger of "letting your shoulder get inside your hand." It is better to pivot your shoulders so that you never look away from your hand.

If the tendons and ligaments are too weak to support the pressure, the muscles can cause a complete tendon blow (pop). However, tendons can be strengthened with many methods. When tendons are in pain, they require blood so they can heal faster. Doctors and arm wrestlers recommend doing rehabilitation training or therapy, exercising with light weights and many repetitions for 30 - 45 minutes non-stop to pump the blood into arms. Tendons can get bigger with time, though it is a very slow process. Experienced arm wrestlers can have tendons 3 to 4 times bigger than average people.

Notes

The Ultimate Armwrestling League is the ONLY league for Armwrestling in the United States.
MYARMTV is the largest source of Armwrestling videos in the world.

Other websites 

WORLD ARMWRESTLING FEDERATION (WAF)
Asian Armwrestling Federation (AAF)(Facebook)
European Armwrestling Federation (EAF)
United States Armwrestling Federation
The Ultimate Armwrestling League
Arm Wrestling World Wide 

Wrestling
You Can't Take It With You (movie)

You Can't Take It With You is a 1938 comedy movie that was produced by Frank Capra and was also directed by Frank Capra. The movie was released on August 23, 1938 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with Rotten Tomatoes giving the movie a 96% which is certified "fresh". The movie also won two Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Director for Frank Capra.

Cast 
Jean Arthur as Alice Sycamore
Lionel Barrymore as Grandpa Martin Vanderhof
James Stewart as Tony Kirby
Edward Arnold as Anthony P. Kirby
Mischa Auer as Boris Kolenkhov
Ann Miller as Essie Carmichael
Spring Byington as Penny Sycamore
Samuel S. Hinds as Paul Sycamore
Donald Meek as Poppins
H. B. Warner as Ramsey
Halliwell Hobbes as DePinna
Dub Taylor as Ed Carmichael
Mary Forbes as Mrs. Anthony P. Kirby
Lillian Yarbo as Rheba
Eddie Anderson as Donald
Charles Lane as Wilbur G. Henderson
Harry Davenport as the Night Court Judge
Ian Wolfe as A.P. Kirby's secretary (uncredited)
Ward Bond as detective (uncredited)
Arthur Murray (uncredited)

Other websites 
You Can't Take It With You at TMC Movie Database 

1938 movies
American romantic comedy movies
1930s comedy movies
1930s romance movies
Best Picture Oscar
Movies directed by Frank Capra
It Happened One Night

It Happened One Night is a 1934 comedy movie that was produced by Frank Capra and Harry Cohn and was directed by Frank Capra. The movie was released on February 22, 1934 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with Rotten Tomatoes giving the movie a 97% which is certified "fresh". The movie also won all five of the major Academy Awards (Best Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, and Screenplay), making it the first movie to do so.

Cast 
Clark Gable as Peter Warne
Claudette Colbert as Ellie Andrews
Walter Connolly as Alexander Andrews
Roscoe Karns as Oscar Shapeley
Jameson Thomas as "King" Westley
Alan Hale as Danker
Arthur Hoyt as Zeke
Blanche Friderici as Zeke's wife
Charles C. Wilson as Joe Gordon

Other websites 
It Happened One Night at TMC Movie Database
 
 

1934 movies
1930s romance movies
1930s comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
English-language movies
Academy Award winning movies
United States National Film Registry movies
Best Picture Oscar
Columbia Pictures movies
Movies directed by Frank Capra
Adam Foote

Adam David Vernon Foote (born July 10, 1971 in Whitby, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman that played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) most notably with the Quebec Nordiques/Colorado Avalanche organizations. Foote played his last NHL game on April 10, 2011 with the Avalanche in a 4-3 OT win and was awarded the first star of the game. He won a gold medal with Team Canada in the 2002 Winter Olympics.

Other websites
 
 

1971 births
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Canadian Olympic gold medalists
Colorado Avalanche players
Columbus Blue Jackets players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Quebec Nordiques players
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Clay County, Alabama

Clay County is a county of the US state of Alabama.   As of 2010 the population was 13,932.  Its county seat is Ashland and it is a prohibition or dry county.

History
Clay County was formed on December 7, 1866 from land taken from Randolph and Talladega County. Its name is in honor of Henry Clay, famous American statesman, member of the United States Senate from Kentucky and United States Secretary of State.  Clay County is one of only three counties in Alabama to have no U.S. Highways in its boundaries.

During the Desert Shield/Storm conflict, Clay County had more soldiers serving per capita than any other county in the United States.

Geography
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of .  (or 99.85%) is land and  (or 0.15%) is water.

Major highways
 State Route 9
 State Route 48
 State Route 49
 State Route 77

Rail
CSX Transportation
Norfolk Southern Railway

Border counties
Cleburne County, Alabama – north
Randolph County, Alabama – east
Tallapoosa County, Alabama – south
Coosa County, Alabama – southwest
Talladega County, Alabama – west

National protected area
Talladega National Forest (part)

Cities and towns
Ashland
Lineville

Notable natives
Hugo Black (1886–1971), born in Harlan, served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1937 until 1971
LaFayette L. Patterson (1888–1987), born near Delta, served three terms in the U.S. Congress from 1928 to 1933
Byron Lavoy Cockrell (1935–2007), born in Lineville, rocket scientist and engineer
Bob Riley (b. 1944), Alabama's 52nd governor, native of Ashland

Places of interest
Clay County is home to parts of Cheaha State Park in the Talladega National Forest and Lake Wedowee on the eastern boundary. The Pinhoti Trail system  weaves its way through the Talladega National Forest to Mt. Cheaha, the highest point in Alabama. Hikers along the trail may see some of the local wildlife, including whitetail deer, wild turkey, and the rare bald eagle.

References

Alabama counties
1866 establishments in Alabama
Clay County, Arkansas

Clay County is a county in Arkansas.

Arkansas counties
1873 establishments in Arkansas
Clay County, Florida

Clay County is a county in Florida.  Its county seat is Green Cove Springs.

Florida counties
1858 establishments in Florida
Téa Leoni

Elizabeth Téa Pantaleoni (born February 25, 1966), better known by her stage name Téa Leoni, is an American actress. She has starred many movies. These include: Bad Boys, Deep Impact, The Family Man, Jurassic Park III, Fun with Dick and Jane, Spanglish, Ghost Town and Tower Heist.

Leoni separated from her husband, David Duchovny, in 2011.

Other websites 

Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
1966 births
Living people
Clay County, Georgia

Clay County is a county in Georgia. Its county seat is Fort Gaines.

1854 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
All Quiet on the Western Front (movie)

All Quiet on the Western Front is a 1930 American war movie that was produced by Carl Laemmle, Jr. It was  directed by Lewis Milestone. The movie was released on April 21, 1930 in North America. The movie received positive reviews.  Rotten Tomatoes gives the movie a 97% which is certified "fresh". The movie also won two Academy Awards for "Best Picture" and "Best Director" for Lewis Milestone. The movie is also ranked #54 on the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies list. The movie is based after the novel, All Quiet on the Western Front.

Cast 
Richard Alexander as Westhus
Ben Alexander as Franz Kemmerich
Lew Ayres as Paul Bäumer
William Bakewell as Albert Kropp
Edmund Breese as Herr Meyer
G. Pat Collins as Lieutenant Bertinck
Owen Davis, Jr. as Peter
Russell Gleason as Müller
Harold Goodwin as Detering
Scott Kolk as Leer
Arnold Lucy as Professor Kantorek
Beryl Mercer as Mrs. Bäumer, Paul's mother
Walter E. Rogers as Behn
Slim Summerville as Tjaden
Louis Wolheim as Stanislaus Katczinsky
John Wray as Himmelstoss
Arthur Gardner as Student

Other websites 
 
 
 

1930 movies
1930s war movies
Academy Award winning movies
American drama movies
American war movies
English-language movies
Movies based on books
United States National Film Registry movies
Universal Pictures movies
World War I movies
Movies directed by Lewis Milestone
Crop milk

Crop milk is a way of feeding from the crop of parent birds, by regurgitating to young birds. They are found among all pigeons and doves where they are referred to as pigeon milk. Crop milk is also produced by flamingos and even some penguins.

References 

Birds

de:Kropf#Kropfmilch
Lilies of the Field (movie)

Lilies of the Field is a 1963 drama movie that was produced by Ralph Nelson and was also directed by Ralph Nelson. The movie was released in 1963 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with Rotten Tomatoes giving the movie a 100% which is certified "fresh". The movie also won an Academy Award for Best Actor for Sidney Poitier.

Cast 
Sidney Poitier - Homer Smith
Lilia Skala - Mother Maria
Lisa Mann - Sister Gertrude
Isa Crino - Sister Agnes
Francesca Jarvis - Sister Albertine
Pamela Branch - Sister Elizabeth
Stanley Adams - Juan
Dan Frazer - Father Murphy

Other websites 

Lilies of the Field at TMC Movie Database 

1963 drama movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Academy Award winning movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Ralph Nelson
Eared dove

The Eared Dove,  Zenaida auriculata, is a New World tropical dove. It is seen throughout South America from Colombia to southern Argentina and Chile, and on the offshore islands from the Grenadines southwards. It appears to be partly migratory, but it may only be when it needs more food. When it lays its eggs, it builds a small stick nest several meters up in a tree.

It is a close relative of the North American Mourning Dove.

References 

Doves
Socorro dove

The Socorro dove (Zenaida graysoni) is a dove that was endemic to Socorro Island on the west coast of Mexico. The last bird was seen there in 1972. For this reason, IUCN has classified the species as extinct in the wild. In captivity, there are not more than about 200 and probably fewer than 100 purebred birds. Because of this, a reintroduction program is being prepared.

It is a close relative of the mourning and eared doves. It was at one time considered a subspecies of the mourning dove.

References

Sources
 BirdLife International (BLI) (2007). Socorro Dove-BirdLife Species Factsheet . Retrieved 2007-NOV-24.
 Johnson, Kevin P. & Clayton, Dale H. (2000). A Molecular Phylogeny of the Dove Genus Zenaida: Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA sequences. Condor 102(4): 864–870. PDF fulltext 
 Schmechel, Ria (2006). Socorro Dove  at World Associations of Zoos and Aquariums. Retrieved 2015-JAN-27.

Doves
Sean Bergenheim

Sean Bergenheim (born February 8, 1984 in Helsinki, Finland) is a professional Finnish ice hockey left winger that currently plays for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the New York Islanders with the 22nd overall pick in the 2002 NHL Draft.

He also played with the New York Islanders for 7 seasons before signing a one-year contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2009–10 offseason. He played for the Lightning for 1 season and was signed to a four-year contract worth $11 million with the Florida Panthers. He played in the FNL for Jokerit where he played three seasons and in the SEL for the Frölunda HC for one season.

References

Other websites
 

1984 births
American Hockey League players
Finnish ice hockey players
Florida Panthers players
Living people
New York Islanders players
Sportspeople from Helsinki
Swedish Hockey League players
Tampa Bay Lightning players
Morehead State University

Morehead State University is a public, co-educational university in Morehead, Kentucky. The university has about 9,509 students. It was founded in 1887. The current president of the university is Dr. Wayne D. Andrews.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 18 varsity teams and they compete in the Ohio Valley Conference.

Other websites
Morehead State University's Official website
Morehead State Eagles' Official athletics website

Ohio Valley Conference
Colleges and universities in Kentucky
1887 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in Kentucky
University of Montana – Missoula

University of Montana – Missoula is a public university in Missoula, Montana. The university has about 15,642 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is Royce Engstrom. University of Montana's ranking in the 2022 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, #277. Its in-state tuition and fees are $7,492; out-of-state tuition and fees are $28,252.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Grizzlies except for the women's basketball team, which is called the Lady Griz. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

References

Other websites
University of Montana – Missoula's Official website
Montana Grizzlies' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Montana
1893 establishments in Montana
Missoula, Montana
Northern Arizona University

Northern Arizona University is a public university in Flagstaff, Arizona. The university has about 22,204 students. It was founded in 1899. The current president of the university is John D. Haeger.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Lumberjacks. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
Northern Arizona University's Official website 
Northern Arizona Lumberjacks' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Arizona
Flagstaff, Arizona
1899 establishments in the United States
Big Sky Conference

The Big Sky Conference is a NCAA conference that play in the NCAA Division I. The conference is headquartered in Ogden, Utah and features universities and colleges from the Western United States, plus one in the Midwestern U.S. In football, the league plays in the second-level Division I FCS.

Members
As of the 2017–18 school year, the Big Sky has 12 full members, or schools that play almost all of their sports in the conference. Of these schools, only Idaho does not play football in the conference. Its team in that sport plays in the top-level Division I FBS as a single-sport member of the Sun Belt Conference.

After the full Sun Belt members decided not to renew their football membership contract with Idaho when it expired after the 2017 season, Idaho decided to downgrade its football program to the FCS level and return to Big Sky football in 2018.

North Dakota left the non-football side of the Big Sky to join the Summit League, home to many of its traditional rivals, in 2018. The school's football team will join the Missouri Valley Football Conference in 2020. It played the 2018 season as an FCS independent (not in a conference), and will do so again in 2019. However, North Dakota still plays a full Big Sky football schedule, and games against North Dakota count in the Big Sky standings for other conference members.

Associate members
The Big Sky has four "associate" members that play only one sport in the conference.

References

 
NCAA Division I athletics conferences
Portland State University

Portland State University is a public university in Portland, Oregon. The university has about 27,972 students. It was founded in 1946. The current president of the university is Wim Wiewel.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Vikings. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites

Portland State University's Official website
Portland State Vikings' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Oregon
Portland, Oregon
1946 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Oregon
Eastern Washington University

Eastern Washington University is a public university in Cheney, Washington. The university has about 10,750 students. It was founded in 1882. The current president of the university is Dr. Rodolfo Arévalo.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
Eastern Washington University's Official website
Eastern Washington Eagles' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Washington
1882 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Washington (state)
Idaho State University

Idaho State University is a public university in Pocatello, Idaho. The university has about 15,553 students. It was founded in 1901. The current president of the university is Arthur C. Vailas, Ph.D. .

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bengals. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
Idaho State University's Official website
Idaho State Bengals' Official athletics website 

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Idaho
1901 establishments in the United States
1900s establishments in Idaho
University of Northern Colorado

The University of Northern Colorado is a public, coeducational university in Greeley, Colorado. The university has about 12,358 students. It was founded in 1889. The current president of the university is Kay Norton.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bears. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
University of Northern Colorado's Official website
Northern Colorado Bears' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Colorado
1889 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in Colorado
Montana State University

Montana State University – Bozeman is a public university in Bozeman, Montana. The university has about 13,559 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is Waded Cruzado.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bobcats. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
Montana State University – Bozeman's Official website
Montana State Bobcats' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Montana
California State University, Sacramento

California State University, Sacramento, also known as Sacramento State University, is a public university in Sacramento, California. The university has about 29,241 students. It was founded in 1947. The current president of the university is Alexander Gonzalez.

Sports
The men's and women's sports teams of the university are called the Hornets. They have 21 varsity teams, almost all of which play in the Big Sky Conference. The baseball team plays in the Western Athletic Conference, and the women's rowing team is in the American Athletic Conference.

Other websites
California State University, Sacramento's Official website
Sacramento State Hornets' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
California State University
Sacramento, California
1947 establishments in the United States
1940s establishments in California
Weber State University

Weber State University is a public university in Ogden, Utah. The university has about 25,130 students. It was founded in 1889. The current president of the university is F. Ann Millner.

Sports
The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Wildcats. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.

Other websites
Weber State University's Official website
Weber State Wildcats' Official athletics website

Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Utah
Ogden, Utah
1889 establishments in the United States
Virginia Commonwealth University

Virginia Commonwealth University is a public university in Richmond, Virginia. The university has about 32,436 students. It was founded in 1838. The current president of the university is Michael Rao, Ph.D.  It came from a merger between the Richmond Professional Institute and the Medical College of Virginia in 1968. It has over 32,000 students. It is classified as having very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Rams. They have 16 varsity teams that compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference.

References

Other websites
Virginia Commonwealth University's Official website
VCU Rams' Official athletics website

Atlantic 10 Conference
Colleges and universities in Virginia
Richmond, Virginia
1838 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Virginia
Hofstra University

Hofstra University is a private university in Hempstead, New York. The university has about 12,400 students. It was founded in 1935. The current president of the university is Stuart Rabinowitz.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Pride. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.

Other websites
Hofstra University's Official website
Hofstra Pride's Official athletics website

Colonial Athletic Association
Colleges and universities in New York
1935 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in New York (state)
Winona State University

Winona State University is an American public university in Winona, Minnesota. It is the oldest member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. WSU has more than 80 programs on its main campus. It was established in 1858.

Colleges and universities in Minnesota
1858 establishments in the United States
1850s establishments in Minnesota
George Mason University

George Mason University (also known as GMU or "Mason") is a public university in Fairfax, Virginia. The university has about 32,562 students. It was founded in 1957. The current president of the university is Alan G. Merten.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Patriots. They have 22 varsity teams, most of which compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference (A10). Mason has different conference memberships in two sports that the A10 does not sponsor. The men's volleyball team plays in the Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association, and the wrestling team is a member of the Eastern Wrestling League.

Other websites
George Mason University's Official website
George Mason Patriots' Official athletics website

Atlantic 10 Conference
Colleges and universities in Virginia
1957 establishments in the United States
1950s establishments in Virginia
Fairfax, Virginia
Georgia State University

Georgia State University is a public university in Atlanta, Georgia. The university has about 31,533 students. It was founded in 1913. The current president of the university is Mark P. Becker.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Panthers. They have 16 varsity teams and they compete in the Sun Belt Conference.

Other websites
Georgia State University's Official website
Georgia State Panthers' Official athletics website 

Sun Belt Conference
Colleges and universities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Atlanta, Georgia
1913 establishments in the United States
1910s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
James Madison University

James Madison University is a public university in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The university has about 18,971 students. It was founded in 1908. The current president of the university is Dr. Linwood H. Rose.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Dukes. They have 7 varsity teams and they compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.

Other websites
James Madison University's Official website
James Madison Dukes' Official athletics website

Colonial Athletic Association
Colleges and universities in Virginia
1908 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Virginia
Béarnaise sauce

Béarnaise sauce ()  is a sauce made of clarified butter, egg yolks, and  herbs.  It is considered to be a 'child' of the mother Hollandaise sauce, one of the five mother sauces in French haute cuisine. The difference is only in their flavouring: Béarnaise uses shallot, chervil, peppercorn, and tarragon, while Hollandaise uses lemon juice.

In appearance it is light yellow and opaque, smooth and creamy.

Béarnaise is a traditional sauce for steak.

History
Although a similar recipe was published in 1818, Béarnaise sauce was likely first created by the chef Collinet, the inventor of puffed potatoes (), and served at the 1836 opening of Le Pavillon Henri IV, a restaurant at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, not far from Paris. Evidence for this is reinforced by the fact that the restaurant was named for Henry IV of France, a gourmet himself, who was born in the former province of Béarn.

Preparation
A Béarnaise sauce is simply clarified butter, an egg yolk, a shallot, a little tarragon vinegar. It takes years of practice for the result to be perfect.

Like Hollandaise sauce, there are several methods for the preparation of Béarnaise sauce.  Please refer to the Preparation section of that article for basics.  Here we highlight the differences.

The most common preparation is a Bain-marie method where a reduction of vinegar is used to acidify the yolks.  Escoffier calls for a reduction of wine, vinegar, shallots, fresh chervil, fresh tarragon and crushed peppercorns (later strained out), with fresh tarragon and chervil to finish instead of lemon juice.  Others are similar.  Alternatively, the flavourings may be added to a finished Hollandaise (sans lemon juice).

Derivatives of Béarnaise sauce
Sauce Choron is a variation of béarnaise without tarragon or chervil, plus added tomato purée.  It is named after Alexandre Étienne Choron.
Sauce Foyot (a.k.a. Valois) is béarnaise with meat glaze (Glace de Viande) added.
Sauce Colbert is Sauce Foyot with the addition of reduced white wine.
Sauce Paloise is a version of béarnaise with mint substituted for tarragon.

Mis-association
Béarnaise sauce is often wrongly called Bernaise sauce, as if it were from Bern, the capital city of Switzerland, which is in no way connected with this sauce or its origins.

Some assume Béarnaise refers to the Béarn region, a former province now in the département of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, in southwestern Franceto refer to the region of Béarn However, the sauce has no tradition in the cooking of the area, and Larousse has the name honouring Henri IV of France, a native of Béarn, and for whom the restaurant where the sauce was first shown was named.  Henri IV was often known as le Grand Béarnais

A la béarnaise 
Some recipes are called à la béarnaise even when they are not accompanied by a Béarnaise sauce.  This is because the recipes themselves are linked to the Béarn region.  This added to confusion over the naming of the sauce.

Notes

References

Other websites

Béarnaise sauce from the British Good Food TV channel
Blender Béarnaise sauce recipe
Grilled New York Steak with Béarnaise Sauce 

Sauces
Dishes named after people
French food
Northeastern University

Northeastern University is a private university in Boston, Massachusetts. The university has about 20,749 students. It was founded in 1898. The current president of the university is Joseph Aoun.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Huskies. They have 17 varsity teams, most of which compete in the Colonial Athletic Association. The men's and women's ice hockey teams play in Hockey East.

Other websites
Northeastern University's Official website
Northeastern Huskies' Official athletics website

Colonial Athletic Association
Colleges and universities in Massachusetts
Hockey East
1898 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Massachusetts
Old Dominion University

Old Dominion University (ODU) is a public university in Norfolk, Virginia. The university has about 24,125 students. It was founded in 1930. The current president of the university is John R. Broderick.

Center for Teacher Quality and Education Leadership
In 2006, ODU started the Center to "“train teachers for success in urban school environments.” The Center connects communities with ODU's Program for Research and Evaluation in Public Schools (PREPS). PREPS helps schools comply with the No Child Left Behind Act. Both the Center and PREPS are parts of the Darden College of Education.

Phillip A. Hamilton was Vice Chairman of the Appropriations Committee of the Virginia House of Delegates. Hamilton and three other people wanted the part-time job of leading the center. ODU hired Hamilton. Hamilton then sponsored amendments to the Virginia budget that gave the Center $500,000. ODU paid Hamilton about $80,000 between 2007 and 2009. In 2009, the United States federal government began investigating Hamilton for bribery and extortion. Hamilton left ODU in August 2009. Later that year, Hamilton lost his reelection. In January 2011, Hamilton was indicted in federal court. Prosecutors used Hamilton's emails to show how his job was tied to the budget increase. On August 12, 2011, Hamilton was sentenced to 114 months in prison.

Sports
The sports teams of the university are called the Monarchs (men) and Lady Monarchs. They have 18 varsity teams. most of which compete in Conference USA (C-USA). Three ODU women's sports and one men's sport play in other conferences because C-USA does not have enough teams in those sports to run a league. Women's field hockey plays in the Big East Conference, women's lacrosse in the Atlantic Sun Conference, women's rowing in the Big 12 Conference, and men's wrestling in the Mid-American Conference.

References

Other websites
Old Dominion University's Official website
Old Dominion Monarchs' Official athletics website 

Conference USA
Colleges and universities in Virginia
Norfolk, Virginia
1930 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Virginia
Towson University

Towson University (TU) is a public university in Towson, Maryland. The university has about 21,117 students. It was founded in 1866. The current president of the university is Robert L. Caret.

History
It started in Baltimore as State Norman School in 1866.  TU moved to Towson in 1915. In 1935, the name was changed to State Teachers College at Towson because Maryland opened more colleges.  In 1963, TU became Towson State College. In 1976 the name changed to Towson State University. Finally, in 1997, it became Towson University.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Tigers. They have 18 varsity teams and they compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.

References

Other websites
Towson University's Official website
Towson Tigers' Official athletics website

Colonial Athletic Association
Colleges and universities in Maryland
1866 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Maryland
University of North Carolina Wilmington

The University of North Carolina Wilmington is a public, coeducational university in Wilmington, North Carolina. The university has about 16,000 students. It was founded in 1947. The current chancellor of the university is Jose V. Sartarelli.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Seahawks. They have 19 varsity teams and they compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.

Notable people 
Faculty include Herbert Berg, philosophy and religion.

Other websites
University of North Carolina Wilmington's Official website
UNCW Seahawks' Official athletics website

Unc Wilmington
Colleges and universities in North Carolina
1947 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in North Carolina
Şebnem Sönmez

Şebnem Sönmez (full name Tevhide Şebnem Sönmez, born June 5, 1968) in Istanbul, Turkey. She is a Turkish theatre and cinema actress.

Professional life
Sönmez started to develop her experience of playing in a theatre in Istanbul Pendik Youth Theatre while she was a student in high school. Sönmez took part in the theatre plays at the Kartal Art Theatre and Taner Barlas Mim Theatre. After completing her diploma from Istanbul State Conservatory, she worked at Dormen Theatre.  Sönmez made appearances in numerous television series and continued her theatre experience at Besiktas Cultural Center. She taught theatre in kindergarten, primary and high school. While she was teaching in a school as a grade teacher, she founded a theatre group named "Yaz Tiyatrosu" (Summer Theatre) in her school and she continued her acting.

Plays
Bana Mastikayı Çalsana
Cimri
Ben Anadolu
Sen Hiç Ateş Böceği Gördün mü?
Le Balkon

Movies
Aşk Tesadüfleri Sever - 2011
Beş Şehir - 2009
İyi Seneler Londra - 2007
Döngel Karhanesi - 2005
Abdülhamit Düşerken - 2002
Vizontele - 2000

Television
Acemi Müezzin (TV) - 2009
Elveda Rumeli (TV) - 2007
Bir Demet Tiyatro (TV) - 2006
Erkekler Ağlamaz (TV) - 2006
Sen misin Değil misin? (TV) - 2005
Perili Ev (TV) - 2004
Avrupa Yakası (TV) (konuk oyuncu, 2 bölüm) - 2004
Çarli İş Başında (TV) - 2000
Güneş Yanıkları (TV) - 2000
Yedi Numara (TV) - 2000
Dış Kapının Mandalları (TV) - 1998
Bir Demet Tiyatro (TV) - 1997
Yaz Evi (TV) - 1993

Personal life
Şebnem Sönmez was married to Olgun Şimşek.

Award nominations 
Yesilcam Awards - 2010 - Nominated - Best Supporting Actress in Bes Sehir (2009)

References

1968 births
Living people
Actors from Istanbul
Turkish stage actors
Turkish movie actors
Turkish television actors
Colonial Athletic Association

The Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) is a NCAA conference that play in the NCAA Division I. The conference is headquartered in Richmond, Virginia and features universities and colleges from the Eastern United States.

The CAA was founded in 1979 when the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC) split its basketball league into several conferences. It was first known as the ECAC South Basketball League, and became the Colonial Athletic Association in 1985 when it added other sports.

Members
These colleges and universities are "full members" of the CAA, meaning that they play almost all of the sports that the CAA sponsors.

Football
The CAA has run a football conference since the 2007 season. CAA football plays in Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision), the lower of two levels of NCAA Division I football. Although the CAA as a whole dates only to 1979, the football conference can trace its history to the late 1930s.

In 1938, five schools in New England formed the New England Conference. When one of the schools left in 1945, the other schools joined with two other New England schools to form the Yankee Conference, which began play in 1947. In 1975, the Yankee Conference dropped all sports other than football, and over time many schools outside of New England joined the league. Due to changes in NCAA rules in 1997, the Yankee Conference merged into the Atlantic 10 Conference (A10). After the CAA announced plans to start a football league in 2007, all of the A10 football teams decided to join the CAA for that sport.

Of the full members of the CAA, Delaware, Elon, James Madison, Towson, and William & Mary have football teams. The other schools that play football in the CAA, sometimes called "associate members", are:

Other associate members
The CAA has several other associate members, each of which plays one sport in the conference. In addition to these, football associate Villanova became a CAA member in a second sport in 2015.

References

 
NCAA Division I athletics conferences
Richmond, Virginia
1979 establishments in the United States
University of North Carolina at Greensboro

The University of North Carolina at Greensboro is a public university in Greensboro, North Carolina. The university has about 18,502 students. It was founded in 1891. The current chancellor of the university is Linda P. Brady.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Spartans. They have 16 varsity teams and they compete in the Southern Conference.

Other websites
University of North Carolina at Greensboro's Official website
UNC Greensboro Spartans' Official athletics website

Colleges and universities in North Carolina
Greensboro, North Carolina
1891 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in North Carolina
East Tennessee State University

East Tennessee State University is a public university in Johnson City, Tennessee. The university has about 15,000 students. It was founded in 1911. The current president of the university is Brian Noland.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Buccaneers. They have 18 varsity teams, most of which compete in the Southern Conference. The football team, which will resume play in 2015 after a 12-year absence, will play the 2015 season as an independent (not in a conference).

Other websites
East Tennessee State University's Official website
East Tennessee State Buccaneers' Official athletics website

Colleges and universities in Tennessee
1911 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Tennessee
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Campbell University

Campbell University is a private, coeducational baptist university in Buies Creek, North Carolina. The university has about 10,471 students. It was founded in 1887. The current president of the university is Jerry M. Wallace.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Fighting Camels. They have 18 varsity teams which mostly compete in the Big South Conference. Despite the Big South sponsoring football, the Campbell football team plays in the Pioneer Football League (PFL). That league is made up of schools that choose not to offer scholarships for football, despite offering them in other sports.

Other websites
Campbell University's Official website
Campbell Fighting Camels' Official athletics website

Colleges and universities in North Carolina
1887 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in North Carolina
Belmont University

Belmont University is a private, coeducational university in Nashville, Tennessee. The university has about 5,936 students. It was founded in 1890. The current president of the university is Robert Fisher.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university, called the Bruins, mostly play in the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC). The men's soccer team plays in the Horizon League because the OVC does not run a men's soccer league.

Other websites
Belmont University's Official website
Belmont Bruins Official athletics website

Ohio Valley Conference
Colleges and universities in Nashville, Tennessee
1890 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Tennessee
Florida Gulf Coast University

Florida Gulf Coast University is a public, coeducational university in Fort Myers, Florida. The university has about 12,024 students. It was founded in 1991. The current president of the university is Wilson G. Bradshaw.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles and they have 15 varsity teams. They compete in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Other websites
Florida Gulf Coast University's Official website
FGCU Eagles' Official athletics website

Atlantic Sun Conference
Colleges and universities in Florida
1991 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Florida
Jacksonville University

Jacksonville University is a private university in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. The university has about 3,600 students. It was founded in 1934. The current president of the university is Kerry D. Romesburg.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Dolphins and they have 20 varsity teams. They compete in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

References

Other websites
Jacksonville University's official website
Jacksonville Dolphins' official athletics website

Atlantic Sun Conference
Colleges and universities in Florida
1934 establishments in the United States
Jacksonville, Florida
20th-century establishments in Florida
Kennesaw State University

Kennesaw State University is a public, coeducational university in Kennesaw, Georgia. The university has about 23,452 students. It was founded in 1963. The current president of the university is Daniel S. Papp.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Owls and they have 15 varsity teams. Most teams compete in the Atlantic Sun Conference (A-Sun). The football team, which began play in 2015, plays in the Big South Conference because the A-Sun does not sponsor football.

Other websites
Kennesaw State University's Official website
Kennesaw State Owls' Official athletics website

Atlantic Sun Conference
Colleges and universities in Georgia (U.S. state)
1963 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Lipscomb University

Lipscomb University is a private, coeducational university in Nashville, Tennessee. The university has about 3,742 students. It was founded in 1891. The current president of the university is L. Randolph Lowry III.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Bisons and they compete in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Other websites
Lipscomb University's Official website
Lipscomb Bisons' Official athletics website

Atlantic Sun Conference
Colleges and universities in Nashville, Tennessee
1891 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Tennessee
Clay County, Illinois

Clay County is a county in Illinois.

Illinois counties
1824 establishments in the United States
1820s establishments in Illinois
Clay County, Indiana

Clay County is a county in Indiana. Its county seat is Brazil.

Indiana counties
1825 establishments in the United States
Brazil, Indiana
1820s establishments in Indiana
Mercer University

Mercer University is a private, coeducational university in Macon, Georgia. The university has about 8,000 students. It was founded in 1833. The current president of the university is William D. Underwood.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Bears. They have 19 varsity teams that mostly compete in the Southern Conference (SoCon). Two women's sports that are not sponsored by the SoCon, beach volleyball and lacrosse, play in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Other websites
Mercer University's Official website
Mercer Bears' Official athletics website 

Buildings and structures in Macon, Georgia
Colleges and universities in Georgia (U.S. state)
1833 establishments in the United States
1830s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
University of North Florida

The University of North Florida (UNF) is a public university in Jacksonville, Florida. The university has about 16,509 students. Its campus comprises 1,300 acres amid a natural preserve on Jacksonville's Southside. It was founded in 1969. The current president is David Szymanski.

UNF was established in 1965 and began offering classes in 1972. UNF was initially designated an upper division college for juniors and seniors. It began admitting freshmen in 1984.

The university has 220 clubs and organizations for students as well as an active student government and Greek life. The student-run newspaper The Spinnaker is published monthly. The university's intercollegiate athletics teams are known as the Ospreys, and are currently members of the Atlantic Sun Conference in NCAA Division I.

History
The university was founded in 1969 after  midway between downtown Jacksonville and the Jacksonville Beaches were set aside for the campus,  of which were donated by the Skinner family of Jacksonville. Construction on classrooms and buildings began in 1971 and UNF opened in the fall of 1972 with an initial enrollment of 2,027 juniors, seniors and graduate students, supported by 117 faculty and more than 150 staff. Originally, like the other Florida state institutions opened around this time, UNF was designated as a "senior" college, meaning that it would enroll only upperclassmen and graduate students.

Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Ospreys. They have 10 varsity teams. They compete in the Atlantic Sun Conference.

Other sources

Other websites
 
North Florida Ospreys' Official athletics website

Atlantic Sun Conference
Colleges and universities in Florida
Jacksonville, Florida
1969 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Florida