cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Margaret Lockwood

Margaret Lockwood (September 15, 1916 – July 15, 1990) was an English actress who starred in melodramatic movies and television series. She acted as Annie Ridd in the 1935 movie adaptation for Lorna Doone and as Iris Henderson in the 1938 comedy and thriller movie The Lady Vanishes. Her best success was in The Wicked Lady, a movie in which Lockwood played a wicked woman.

Lockwood was born in Karachi and raised in London. She died due to complications of cirrhosis at 73.

1916 births
1990 deaths
English television actors
English movie actors
Deaths from cirrhosis
Disease-related deaths in England
Little Totham

Little Totham is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 372 people living in Little Totham.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
The Lady Vanishes

The Lady Vanishes is a comedy-thriller movie of 1938. The subjects of the movie are a beautiful tourist named Iris Henderson, disappearance and abduction. Margaret Lockwood stars as Iris. The movie was directed by Alfred Hitchcock. It performed quite well in the box office. The reviews were very positive.

1938 movies
1930s thriller movies
1930s comedy movies
British thriller movies
British comedy movies
Movies directed by Alfred Hitchcock
English-language movies
Mundon

Mundon is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 356 people living in Mundon. Mundon has a church called St Mary which went redundant on 14/04/1970.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
North Fambridge

North Fambridge is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 752 people living in North Fambridge.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
May Whitty

Dame May Whitty DBE (also known as Mary Louise Whitty; June 19, 1865 – May 29, 1948) was an English actress. She acted in many movies. She played Miss Froy in the 1938 comedy-thriller movie The Lady Vanishes. She also played Lady Beldon in Mrs. Miniver four years later; she received an Academy Award nomination for that performance.

Whitty was born in Liverpool, England. She died in Beverly Hills, California from cancer at age eighty-two.

English movie actors
1865 births
1948 deaths
Knights and Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Actors from Liverpool
Cancer deaths in California
Purleigh

Purleigh is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1147 people living in Purleigh.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
RIAA equalization

RIAA equalization means equalization used in vinyl records. Without it is not possible to have so much music on one disk. It was established by the Recording Industry Association of America.

audio technology
Steeple, Essex

Steeple is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 450 people living in Steeple.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Stow Maries

Stow Maries is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 199 people living in Stow Maries.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Tillingham

Tillingham is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1015 people living in Tillingham. Tillingham was first recorded in 1000AD.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Tolleshunt D'Arcy

Tolleshunt D'Arcy is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 973 people living in Tolleshunt D'Arcy. Tolleshunt D'Arcy is located on a junction for routes for Tollesbury, Maldon, Tiptree, and Mersea.

References 

Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Mrs. Miniver

Mrs. Miniver is a 1942 British drama movie. It won six Academy Awards, including the Best Picture and Best Director. The movie is about a housewife during World War II who finds herself confronting a German pilot, and about relationship disagreement. Walter Pidgeon and Greer Garson play Mr. and Mrs. Miniver. May Whitty plays Lady Beldon.

Mrs. Miniver was released in June 1942. It got very positive reviews from critics. It made a lot of money.

1940s drama movies
1942 movies
Best Picture Oscar
English-language movies
Movies directed by William Wyler
Ruth Ann Minner

Ruth Ann Minner (also known as Ruth Ann Coverdale; January 17, 1935 – November 4, 2021) was an American businesswoman and politician. She was the first female governor in Delaware (2001 to 2009). She was a member of the United States Democratic Party. She began her political career during the 1970s. She was born Ruth Coverdale in Sussex County, Delaware.

Minner died on November 4, 2021 under hospice care in Milford, Delaware from problems caused by a fall at the age of 86.

References

Governors of Delaware
1935 births
2021 deaths
US Democratic Party politicians
Lieutenant Governors of Delaware
Businesspeople from Delaware
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Robert Conrad

Robert Conrad (born Conrad Robert Falk; March 1, 1935 – February 8, 2020) was an American television series and movie actor. He also hosted a two-hour national radio show. He portrayed Secret Service Agent James West in CBS' TV show The Wild Wild West. He also played an American spy in the series Assignment Vienna. He was born in Chicago.

In 2003, Conrad was involved in a car accident after driving under the influence. He was convicted of drunk driving and sentenced to six months under house arrest. The accident left him partially paralyzed.

Conrad died of heart failure at his home in Malibu, California on February 8, 2020 at the age of 84.

References

Other websites

American television actors
American movie actors
1935 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Actors from Chicago
Gene Vincent

Vincent Eugene Craddock (or simply Gene Vincent; February 11, 1935 – October 12, 1971) was an American musician. His music was rock and roll and rockabilly. He was notable for his 1956 classic single "Be-Bop-A-Lula". He had other hit songs, including "Race with the Devil".

Vincent was born in Norfolk, Virginia. He died in California from a stomach ulcer, age 36.

1935 births
1971 deaths
Disease-related deaths in California
People from Norfolk, Virginia
Singers from Virginia
Deaths from ulcers
Ciaran Bourke

Ciaran Bourke (February 18, 1935 – May 10, 1988) was an Irish singer. He was part of the group The Dubliners. His songs included "Penny Lettermore" and "Roddy McCorley".

Bourke was born in Dublin. He died due to complications of an aneurysm near the brain, age 53.

Irish singers
1935 births
1988 deaths
People from Dublin
Ann Rule

Ann Stackhouse (or Ann Rule; October 22, 1931 – July 26, 2015) was an American non-fiction writer from Lowell, Michigan. Her first book, The Stranger Beside Me, was about the serial killer Ted Bundy, a man who used to work with Ann Rule. She went on to write many more true crime books.

References

Other websites
 
 

Writers from Michigan
Deaths from heart failure
1931 births
2015 deaths
Carol Heiss

Carol Elizabeth Heiss Jenkins (born January 20, 1940) is an American figure skater and former actress. She received gold and silver medals in the 1956 and 1960 Winter Olympics. She retired from figure skating after the 1960 Olympics, She starred in the 1961 movie Snow White and the Three Stooges. She was the first female skater to perform a double Axel jump. Heiss was born in New York City.

References

American figure skaters
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
1940 births
Living people
American Olympic gold medalists
American Olympic silver medalists
Wayne, New Jersey

Wayne is a town in Passaic County, New Jersey.

The town is named after Anthony Wayne.

The temperature in Wayne is usually between 50 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit. When it rains, the lowland areas usually flood.

Wayne has the headquarters for Toys "R" Us. Other businesses include Piermount Works, a Ford dealership, and Bally Fitness.

Towns in New Jersey
Teresa Wright

Muriel Teresa Wright (or simply Teresa Wright; 27 October 1918 – 6 March 2005) was an American Academy Award winning actress. She starred in many movies. She received an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her acting performance in Mrs. Miniver in 1942. She was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in The Pride of the Yankees, also in 1942. She was also in Shadow of a Doubt, which was by Alfred Hitchcock and in other movies.

Wright was born Harlem in New York City. She died in New Haven, Connecticut from a heart attack at 86.

American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
Deaths from myocardial infarction
1918 births
2005 deaths
Rise of the Planet of the Apes

Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction movie. It stars James Franco, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, and Andy Serkis. It was released on August 5, 2011. It got positive reviews. A sequel to the movie, Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, was released on July 11, 2014. A third movie, War for the Planet of the Apes was released on July 14, 2017.

Roger Ebert gave the movie 3 out of 4 stars. He liked how Serkis played Caesar by saying it was a "wonderfully executed character" and "one never knows exactly where the human ends and the effects begin, but Serkis or Caesar gives the best performance in the movie."

References

Other websites

2011 science fiction movies
English-language movies
Planet of the Apes movies
20th Century Fox movies
Reboot movies
Dystopian movies
Romeo Is Bleeding

Romeo is Bleeding is a melodramatic 1993 crime movie. Annabella Sciorra plays Natalie, Gary Oldman plays Jack and Juliette Lewis plays Sheri. The movie is about activities by the Mafia and corrupt officers. This movie was released in 1994 in United States theaters. Reviews of Romeo is Bleeding were very bad. The movie performed very badly in the box office.

1990s crime thriller movies
1993 movies
English-language movies
Skellefteå AIK

Skellefteå AIK is an ice hockey club in the town of Skellefteå in Sweden. It was established on 1 July 1921. The club adopted the game of ice hockey in 1943. It won the Swedish national championship in 1978, 2013 and 2014. The team also lost the Swedish national finals in 2011, 2012, 2015 and 2018.

References

Other websites

Official website

Skelleftea AIK
Skelleftea AIK
Skellefteå
Södertälje SK

Sdertälje SK is an ice hockey club in the town of Södertälje in Sweden. It was established on 22 February 1902 and originally practiced gymnastics, track and field athletics, soccer, tug of war and speed skating. A bandy section was established in 1907. The 1910's and 1920's saw the club scoring successes in competitive cyccling. The club started practicing and playing ice hockey in January and February 1925.

The club won the Swedish national ice hockey championship in the years of 1925, 1931, 1941, 1944, 1953, 1956 and 1995. The club also lost the national finals in the years of 1928, 1929, 1932, 1937, 1942, 1946, 1951 and 1986.

References

Other websites

 Official website

Sodertalje SK
Sodertalje SK
1900s establishments in Sweden
Djurgårdens IF Hockey

Djurgårdens IF Hockey is the ice hockey section of sports club Djurgårdens IF in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. The section was started in 1922. They won the Swedish national championship in the years of 1926, 1950, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1983, 1989, 1990, 1991, 2000, 2001 and 2001. The team also lost the Swedish national finals in the years of 1923, 1924, 1927, 1979, 1984, 1985, 1992, 1998 and 2010.

References

Other websites

 Official website

1921 establishments in Sweden
Ice hockey teams in Sweden
Sport in Stockholm
AIK IF

AIF IF is the ice hockey section of sports club AIK in the town of Solna in Sweden. The section was started in 1921 and won the Swedish national championship in the years of 1934, 1935, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1982 and 1984. They also lost the Swedish national finals in the years of 1930, 1936, 1949, 1978 and 1981.

References

Other websites

 Official website

1921 establishments in Sweden
Ice hockey teams in Sweden
Leksands IF

Leksan
Leksands IF is an ice hockey club in Leksand in Sweden. It was established in 1919. The club adopted the game of ice hockey in 1938. It won the Swedish national championship in 1969, 1973, 1974 and 1975. It lost the Swedish national finals in 1959, 1964, 1971, 1972, 1975 and 1989.

References

Other websites

Official website

1919 establishments in Sweden
Ice hockey teams in Sweden
Brynäs IF

Brynäs IF is an ice hockey club in the town of Gävle in Sweden. It was established in 1912. The club adopted the game of ice hockey in 1939. The club won the Swedish national ice hockey championship in 1964, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1993, 1999 and 2012. It also lost the Swedish national finals in 1975, 1995 and 2017.

References

Other websites

 Official website

Brynas IF
Brynas IF
John Kotelawala

Sir John Lionel Kotelawala, KBE, CH, KStJ, CLI (; 4 April 1897 – 2 October 1980) was a Sri Lankan soldier and politician. He was the third Prime Minister of Ceylon from 1953 to 1956.

Early life and family 

Sir John Kotelawala was from a rich family. His father, John Kotelawala Snr, was an inspector in the Ceylon Police Force. His mother was Alice Attygalle. John Kotelawala Snr committed suicide when his son was 11. The family were in ruins, Alice Attygalle converted to Christianity from Buddhism. He attended the same Royal College, Colombo, but dropped out after independence riots in 1915.

Thereafter he took a trip to Europe after leaving school, which was very dangerous because World War I was being fought there. He stayed in Europe for five years, spending most of that time in England and France and attending  Christ's College, Cambridge, University of Cambridge to study farming.

Kotelawala was known as a strict man who loved sports, horseback riding, cricket and particularly as a young man, got into fights when he was made fun of. He knew Sinhala, English and French. After returning to Ceylon, he took up managing his family's "farm" and mines.

Military career 
He went on to serve 23 years mostly as a reservist (meaning a back up) since the Ceylon Defense Force was a army reservist of the British Army. In 1939 he became the commanding officer of the Ceylon Light Infantry and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in 1940. With the start of World War II, he became a member of the Ceylon's War Cabinet and was made a Colonel in 1942, the highest rank that a Ceylonese could achieve. Making himself a respectful man.

A strong supporter of the military, he was the first Chairman of the Ceylon Light Infantry Association in 1974. He was promoted to the rank of general on his deathbed.

He gave his home to the government to establish a national defense academy.

Political career 
As early as 1915, Kotelawala had become interested in political leaders such as Don Senanayake and his brother F.R. Senanayake, who was married to Kotelawala's mother's sister.

He entered politics by being elected to the Legislative Council as the member of Kurunegala. Thereafter he entered the State Council as a backbencher and was re-elected in 1936. In his second term he was appointed Minister of Communications.

1897 births
1980 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Buddhists
Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan generals
Strängnäs

Strängnäs is a locality in Sweden. It is  west of Stockholm, and is the seat of Strängnäs Municipality.

References

Other websites

Settlements in Sodermanland County
Dudley Senanayake

Dudley Shelton Senanayake (; 19 June 1911 – 13 April 1973) was a Ceylonese politician. He was the second Prime Minister of Ceylon.

1911 births
1973 deaths
Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka
Wijeyananda Dahanayake

Wijeyananda Dahanayake (; 22 October 1902 – 4 May 1997) was a Sri Lankan politician. He was the Prime Minister of Ceylon from 1959 to 1960.

1902 births
1997 births
Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
D. S. Senanayake

Don Stephen Senanayake (; 20 October 1884 – 22 March 1952) was an independence activist. He was the first Prime Minister of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) from 1947 to 1952.

Early life 
He was born in the village Botale. He was the son of Mudaliyar Don Spater Senanayake and Dona Catherina Elizabeth Perera Gunasekera Senanayake. Brought up in a Buddhist family, he entered Anglican school S. Thomas' College, Mutwal. Though a smart student, at school Senanayake did not succeed. He witnessed Buck’s famous farewell speech "You have learned the best lessons from STC (St. Thomas’s College)... true manliness and truth, courage, purity and all those things that make a man a gentleman...".

1884 births
1952 births
Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
Talduwe Somarama

Talduwe Ratugama Rallage Weris Singho, better known as Talduwe Somarama (1915–1962), shot and killed Solomon Bandaranaike, the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (then called Ceylon) in 1959. He later converted to Christianity, just weeks before being hanged in the Welikada gallows.

References 
 A.C. Alles, Famous Criminal Cases of Sri Lanka, Volume III: The Assassination of Prime Minister SWRD Bandaranaike (Dec-1979): Published by the author. Hardcover published by Vantage, Inc., N.Y., U.S.A. 1986 as The Assassination of a Prime Minister. .
 Lucian G. Weeramantry, The Assassination of a Prime Minister - The Bandaranaike Murder Case (Hardcover, Geneva, Switzerland, 1969).
 Firoze Sameer, dOSSIEr COREA: A portfolio on crime (Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1999) .
 Seneviratne, H.L: Buddhist monks and ethnic politics. Anthropology Today, April 2001; 17(2): 15-21.
 Weeramantry, L.G: Assassination of a Prime Minister – The Bandaranaike Murder Case, Geneva, 1969.

1915 births
Assassins
People executed by hanging
Sri Lankan people
1962 deaths
Mjällby AIF

Mjällby AIF is an association football club in Hällevik in Sweden. The club was founded in 1939, and played its first Allsvenskan season in 1980.

Other websites
 Official website

1939 establishments in Sweden
Swedish football clubs
IF Brommapojkarna

IF Brommapojkarna is an association football club in Bromma in Sweden. The club was founded in 1942, and played its first Allsvenskan season in 2007.

Other websites 

 Official website

1942 establishments in Europe
Swedish football clubs
1940s establishments in Sweden
Ängelholms FF

Ängelholms FF is an association football club in the town of Ängelholm in Sweden. The club was founded in 1976, and played its first Superettan season in 2002.

Other websites

 Official website

Swedish football clubs
1976 establishments in Sweden
Falkenbergs FF

Falkenbergs FF is an association football club in the town of Falkenberg in Sweden. The club was founded in 1928, and played its first Superettan season in 2003.

Other websites

 Official website

1928 establishments in Europe
Swedish football clubs
1920s establishments in Sweden
Östersunds FK

Östersunds FK is an association football club in the town of Östersund in Sweden. The club was founded in 1996. It played its first Superettan season in 2013. On 27 October 2015, the club qualified for Allsvenskan for first time.

Awards and trophies

Cups
 Svenska cupen:
 Winners (1): 2017

References

Other websites

 Official website

1996 establishments in Europe
Swedish football clubs
Östersund
1990s establishments in Sweden
Crosier

A crozier is a shepherd's staff carried by high ranking churchmen such as bishops including the Pope.

Christian religious objects
Christian symbols
Initial public offering

An initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering. A public offering is any tradable asset that is offered to the public. In an initial public offering, shares of stock in a company are sold to the general public, on a securities exchange, for the first time. Through this process, a private company transforms into a public company. Initial public offerings are used by companies to raise money for expansion and to become publicly traded enterprises. A company selling shares is never required to repay the money to the people who buy them.

Largest IPOs
The IPO of Alibaba was the largest ever. Now 2019 ARAMKO from Soudi Arabia becames largest one by 25.6 Billion dollars

Before 2009, the United States was the leading issuer of IPOs in terms of total value. Since that time, however, China (Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong) has been the leading issuer. It raised US$73 billion up to the end of November 2011. This was almost double the amount of money raised on the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ combined.

Agricultural Bank of China US$22.1 billion (2010)
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China US$21.9 billion (2006)
American International Assurance US$20.5 billion (2010)
Visa Inc. US$19.7 billion (2008)
General Motors US$18.15 billion (2010)
Meta, Inc. US$16 billion (2012)

References

Other websites
Initial Public Offering (IPO) Definition and Calendar, Wikinvest
IPO Guide from Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
Online IPO Application - Top retail stock brokerage firm in Bangladesh

Finance
Stock market
Sumith Balasuriya

Major General Sumith Balasuriya, VSV, USP, ndc, IG, SLA is a Sri Lankan general. He was the former Commandant, Sri Lankan Army Volunteer Force, Vice Chancellor/Commandant, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University and GOC, 23 Division.

Sri Lankan generals
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Asoka Jayawardena

Major General (Rtd) Asoka K. J. Jayawardena RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, was a Sri Lankan career army officer. He was also the Provincial Governor of the North Eastern Province.

Sri Lankan generals
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Rouen Cathedral (Monet)

The Rouen Cathedral series of oil paintings of the Rouen Cathedral were done by Claude Monet in the 1890s. The paintings in the series each capture the front of the cathedral at different times of the day and year. They each show the changes in the way the cathedral looks under different lighting conditions. There are more than thirty paintings in the series.

In the middle of winter in 1892, Monet lived in rooms across from Rouen Cathedral. He stayed until spring, painting its façade many times. Most versions were painted as seen here: close up and cropped at the sides. He returned the next winter to paint the cathedral again. He made more than thirty views of it. It was not the Gothic façade that was Monet's subject. It was the atmosphere that surrounded the cathedral. "To me the motif itself is an insignificant factor," Monet said, "What I want to reproduce is what exists between the motif and me."

All of the paintings in the series were made in 1892 and 1893. They were reworked in Monet's studio in 1894. In 1895, he chose what he considered to be the twenty best paintings from the series, and displayed them at his gallery in Paris. Of these twenty, he sold eight before the exhibition was over. Pissarro and Cézanne visited the exhibition and praised the series highly.

Gallery

References

Other websites

An analysis of Monet's Rouen series
Essay on Monet's Rouen Cathedral series from the J. Paul Getty Museum

Paintings by Claude Monet
1890s paintings
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Qanat

A qanat is a series of well-like holes and tunnels dug to reach a natural underground source of water, usually run-off from a mountain. They were (and are) used to provide water in the desert regions of the Middle East. The oldest qanats, found in the region once known as Persia (now known as Iran), are believed to be a couple of thousand years old.

Water infrastructure
Anuruddha Ratwatte

General Anuruddha Leuke Ratwatte (14 July 1938 – 24 November 2011) was a Sri Lankan politician and Cabinet Minister.

Early life 
Ratwatte studied at Trinity College, Kandy. He was a cousin of Sirimavo Bandaranaike.

He is the son of Harris Leuke Ratwatte. He was a member of the State Council in 1936 to 1947 for Kegalle and United National Party Member of Parliament for Mawanella from 1947 to 1952. His eldest son, Lohan Ratwatte is the Member of Parliament representing the Kandy District and second son Mahendra Ratwatte is the current Mayor of Kandy.

1938 births
2011 deaths
Sri Lankan generals
Sri Lankan politicians
Devinda Kalupahana

Major General Devinda Kalupahana, RSP, USP, psc, SLAC, is a Sri Lankan general. He was the former General Officer Commanding of 3rd Division, and 2nd Division. He was Director of Operations, General Staff and Commandant, at the Sri Lanka Military Academy.

Kalupahana was educated at Royal College, Colombo. He joined the army in 1966, training to becoming an officer, a Cadet officer training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.

Sri Lankan generals
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sepala Attygalle

General Deshamanya Don Sepala Attygalle, LVO, ADC, idc, psc, SLAC (1922 — January 2001) was a Sri Lankan military leader, a civil servant and a diplomat. He became the longest-serving Commander of the Sri Lankan Army (1967–1977). He went on to serve as the Permanent secretary to the Ministry of Defense and Sri Lankan High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.

1922 births
2001 deaths
Sri Lankan generals
Geology of Connecticut

Connecticut is a US state. It is in the north-eastern side of the country. As part of the New England region, Connecticut has undergone much geologic change. It has been shaped by plate tectonics, volcanism, and glacial activity.

Appalachian Mountains 
During the early Triassic Era, the super-continent Pangea was formed as the Iapetus Ocean closed up and the proto-North American continent collided with Avalonia (modern day Africa). This caused great uplift and the creation of the Appalachian Mountains. The erosion of the Appalachian Mountains now exposes and lifts up metamorphic rocks that used to be very deep in the Earth's.

Eastern Border Fault 
About 200 million years after this collision and the formation of Pangea, during the middle of the Mesozoic Era, the Atlantic Ocean floor started spreading. This caused a lot of stress. This caused a geologic fault. Connecticut's famous Eastern Border Fault was created. As a result, the land west of this fault was downset, creating a rift valley and causing the land to tilt an average of 15 to 25 degrees. The fault is currently inactive. The formation of this basin eventually refilled with soft fluvial and alluvial sediments.

Ice Age 
During Ice Ages, glacial activity shaped much of New England's landscape, eroding mountains, leaving glacial till scattered everywhere, and forming glacial lakes. At its greatest extent, one of these glaciers leaves behind a moraine which became Long Island. 

One of the biggest glacial lakes of the time was Glacial Lake Hitchcock. It formed when the Laurentide ice sheet retreated and glacial meltwater began to accumulate at the glacier’s terminal moraine in Rocky Hill, Connecticut and back up into the Connecticut River. The glacial lake left behind a soft, varved landscape, gathering silt and sand in the summertime due to the influx of glacial meltwater and clay in the wintertime as the lake froze until it was later drained.

River Valley 
River Valley has a soft surface. It is also high in nutrients and host the majority of Connecticut's farmland soils. The land on either side of the Connecticut River Valley is less suitable for farmlands. The eastern section holds the shallow Proto-North American Terrane while the western section contains the Iapetos and Avalonian Terranes. These places still holds remnants of glacial till and lack the soft fluvial sediments so prominent in the Connecticut River Valley region.

Other websites 
Wesleyan University's Connecticut Geology
Map of Connecticut Bedrock Geology 

Connecticut
Geology
Animals of Connecticut

Connecticut has a variety of animal species.

 The state bird is the American Robin.
 The state insect is the European Mantis.
 The state animal is the Sperm Whale.
 The state shellfish is the Eastern Oyster.
 The state fish is the American Shad.
 The state fossil is the Eubrontes giganteus.

Biodiversity
There are 599 Connecticut species listed as endangered, threatened or of special concern. These are 11 species of mammals, 50 species of birds, 11 species of reptiles, 7 species of amphibians, 7 species of fish, and 170 species of invertebrates.

Ancient life

The Peabody Museum of Natural History and the Dinosaur State Park are two places which preserve the prehistory of Connecticut.

Extinct species that once roamed Connecticut include Coelophysis, Dilophosaurus, and Eubrontes.

List of native species
Sources appear below.

Annelids
 Ampharete arctica
 Capitella capitata
 Capitellidae
 Eteone lactea
 Glycera dibranchiata
 Alitta (Nereis) succinea
 Ophelia sp.
 Phyllodoce sp.
 Polydora sp.
 Scoloplos robustus
 Spio setosa
 Spionidae
 Streblospio benedicti
 Syllidae sp.

Arthropods
 Chiridotea s p p.
 Gammarus sp.
 Neomysis americana
 Sphaeroma quadridentata

Mollusks
 Acteocina canaliculata
 Gemma gemma
 Nassarius obsoletus
 Mulinia lateralis
 Mya arenaria
 Nucula sp.
 Periploma papyratium
 Retusa canaliculata
 Tellina agillis

Related pages
 Plants of Connecticut

References

More reading
 Aspects of Connecticut's Physical Geography
 Connecticut Audubon Society
 Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection - Natural Diversity Data Base 
 Fishes of the Connecticut River 
 The Flora and Fauna of Branford 

Connecticut
Animals of North America
Plants of Connecticut

Connecticut has a variety of plant species. Connecticut belongs to the North American Atlantic Region.

 The state tree is the White Oak; or more specifically, the Charter Oak.
 The state flower is the Mountain Laurel.

Biodiversity
A complete census of tree species taken in 1885 in Hartford County listed 56 species of trees.

List of plants

Floral regions
Connecticut has a lot of oak-hickory type central hardwood forests. This region historically had a lot of different oaks and chestnuts. However, hickory replaced chestnut with the spread of the chestnut blight.

In the northwestern hills of the state, there are more northern-hardwood type trees.

Related pages
 Animals of Connecticut

References

Connecticut
Plants of North America
Crown colony

A Crown colony, also known in the 17th century as  royal colony, was a type of colonial administration of the English and later British Empire. Crown, or royal colonies were ruled by a governor which is decided by the Monarch. By the middle of the nineteenth century, the Sovereign appointed royal governors on the advice of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Under the name of "royal colony", the first of what would later become known as Crown colonies was the English Colony of Virginia. This happened in 1624 after the Crown removed the Royal Charter it had given to the Virginia Company.

Until the mid-nineteenth century, the term "Crown Colony" was only used to refer to those colonies which had been obtain through wars. Examples were Trinidad and Tobago, British Guiana, and the colonies of settlement, such as The Canadas, Newfoundland, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, and New Zealand, later to become the Dominions. The term continued to be used up until 1981, when the British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified the remaining British colonies as "British Dependent Territories". From 2002 they have been known as British Overseas Territories.

List of Crown colonies

Related pages
Crown dependency
British overseas territories
British Empire

Notes

References

Colonialism
The Star Chamber

The Star Chamber is a 1983 American legal crime drama thriller movie. The story is about law conditions preventing the prosecution of two men who are accused of murdering a 10-year-old boy. A judge named Hardin then tells another judge, Caulfield, of a Star Chamber (judges that identify criminals who fell through the cracks of the judicial system). Sharon Gless plays Emily Hardin, Michael Douglas plays Judge Hardin. This movie was released in August 1983. It received positive reviews from movie critics.

Other websites 

1983 crime movies
1983 drama movies
1983 thriller movies
1980s crime drama movies
1980s crime thriller movies
1980s legal movies
1983 mystery movies
20th Century Fox movies
American crime drama movies
American crime thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
American legal movies
American mystery movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Mystery thriller movies
Movies directed by Peter Hyams
Striking Distance

Striking Distance is an American melodrama thriller movie from 1993. It is about a police Sergeant, Tom Hardy, who rats out his partner for using excessive force on a suspect. The movie is also about abduction. Bruce Willis plays Tom Hardy. Sarah Jessica Parker plays Jo Christman and Emily Harper. This movie was released in September 1993 in United States theaters. The reviews were very bad. Striking Distance barely earned back its own $30 million budget.

1993 thriller movies
1993 drama movies
1990s drama thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
English-language movies
The Chamber

The Chamber is an American legal drama movie of 1996. It is about a former white supremacist who is a death row inmate scheduled to be executed soon in the State of Mississippi. Gene Hackman plays Sam Cayhill. Faye Dunaway plays Lee Cayhill Bowen. The Chamber got bad reviews. It performed very poorly in the box office.

1996 thriller movies
1996 drama movies
American thriller movies
American drama movies
Movies set in Mississippi
English-language movies
Q*bert

"I'm Q*bert, and I've got all the right moves, I've got the legs too, first arcade game, now my own home video game, I'm ready for anything, Staying away from creeps like I'm gonna coyly takes a quick line, and lots of fancy footwork, longer I hop around, more they're out to get me, Ah e, when they said fame would go to my head, hey weren't kidding, It's not easy being Q*bert, but it's fun."

— Q*bert

Q*bert is an arcade video game released by Gottlieb in 1982. In this game, the player has to change the color of the cubes on a pyramid by having the game's character jump on top of them. On each stage, the player has a color they have to change the cubes to. To complete the stage, the player has to change the cubes to that color. The player has to avoid obstacles and enemies in the way.

Q*bert was one the most popular arcade games of the 1980s. It sold around 25,000 arcade cabinets. It has been released on many video game consoles, including the Atari 2600, ColecoVision, and Commodore 64.

Q*bert lists:

 Q*bert video games
 Q*bert commercials
 Q*bert cartoon from Saturday Supercade
 Q*bert appearance for Wreck-It Ralph and Pixels

References

1982 video games
Arcade games
pl:Q*bert
The Birdcage

The Birdcage is a 1996 American comedy movie. The movie is about politics and marriage matters. Robin Williams plays Armand Goldman, Dianne Wiest plays Louise Keeley, Hank Azaria plays Agador, Calista Flockhart plays Barbara Keeley.

The Birdcage was released in March 1996 in the United States. Reviews on this movie were very positive. The movie was very successful at the box office.

American comedy movies
1996 comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Mike Nichols
School Daze

School Daze is a 1988 musical drama movie. Spike Lee plays Darrell, Samuel L. Jackson stars as Leeds. Spike Lee was also director, producer and writer for the movie. The movie is about the lives of black students in Atlanta. School Daze was released in February of 1988. The reviews were very positive.

1980s musical movies
1988 drama movies
American musical movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Spike Lee
Screenplays by Spike Lee
American independent movies
Final Analysis

Final Analysis is an American 1992 melodrama thriller movie. It is about seduction, lies, manipulation and murders. Uma Thurman stars as Diana Baylor and Kim Basinger stars as Heather Evans. The movie got mixed to negative reviews. Final Analysis was released in February of 1992. The box office performance was very poor. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

1992 thriller movies
1992 drama movies
1990s psychological movies
American thriller movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Phil Joanou
Movies about sisters
Percent-encoding

Percent-encoding, also known as URL-encoding, is the process of preparing characters to be used as parts of URLs on the Internet.

Related pages
 Uniform Resource Identifier

Internet
Encodings
Epistolary novel

An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of letters or other documents. The word epistolary comes from the Latin form of the Greek word  (epistolē), meaning a letter (see epistle). The epistolary form of writing can make the story seem more realistic to the reader. This is because it is more personal, and is more like the workings of real life.

Some examples of modern epistolary novels are:

The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) by Anne Brontë is written in the form of a letter from the narrator to his friend.
Dracula (1897) by Bram Stoker uses not only letters and diaries, but also newspaper accounts.
The Screwtape Letters (1942) by C. S. Lewis
Carrie (1974) by Stephen King is written in an epistolary structure, through newspaper clippings, magazine articles, letters, and excerpts from books
Diary of a Wimpy Kid (2007) by Jeff Kinney is written in the form a diary, including hand-written notes and cartoon drawings

Novels
Ulavaipu

Ulavaipu is a small village in Cherthala, in Alappuzha District of Kerala, India. The Ulavaipu Mahadeva Temple, an ancient Hindu temple, is here. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, a god in Hinduism. The temple is on the banks of Ulavaipu Backwater Lake, which is part of Vembanadu Backwater Lake.

Villages in Kerala
Civil defence

Civil defence (or civil defense) is a system used to protect the civilians of a state from coming under attack. It involves plans for preparing for and responding to emergency situations, plans for evacuation, and plans for how to recover from attacks. In some countries, civil defence is seen as an important part of military defence. Programmes of this kind were first explored at least as early as the 1920s. They have been used in many countries, especially since the threat of nuclear weapons has become known.

Since the end of the Cold War, the focus of civil defence has become more and more for disasters in general. The new concept is described by a number of terms, each of which has its own specific meaning, such as crisis management, emergency management, emergency preparedness, emergency services, and civil protection.

Related pages 
 Emergency shelter

Other websites

Emergency services
Safety
Public services
Football at the 1936 Summer Olympics

The 1936 Olympic football tournament was won by Italy. They were the favourites to win, having won the FIFA World Cup in 1934. The host nation, Germany, were also one of the favourites at the start of the competition. They had only lost at home once in three years. However, they were beaten in the quarter-finals. The bronze- and gold-medal games were watched by a combined total of 195,000 people.

Medalists

First round

Quarter finals

Replay

1 Due to a pitch invasion, the match was declared null and void. It was ordered to be replayed on August 10. Peru did not accept this decision and withdrew from the tournament.

Semi finals

Bronze medal match

The Final (Gold medal match)

Bracket

2Awarded.

Final ranking

Other websites
Olympic Football Tournament Berlin 1936 , FIFA.com
RSSSF Archive

Olympic football tournaments
1936 in sports
Suman Sahai

Suman Sahai is an Indian activist and the founder of Gene Campaign.

Career 
Sahai got a Ph.D. from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in 1975. She then worked at the University of Alberta, University of Chicago, and the University of Heidelberg, where she did her habilitation in human genetics. The Web of Science shows that Sahai has published over 40 articles. They are mostly on policy issues dealing with genetically-modified organisms. Her articles have been cited over 150 times and she has an h-index of 7. She is director of the non-governmental organization, Gene Campaign.

Awards 
 Order of the Golden Ark, 2001
 Borlaug Award, 2004
 Padma Shri, 2011

Scandal 
In April 2013 it was shown that Sahai committed plagiarism in her habilitation thesis. She had submitted this thesis to the University of Heidelberg in 1986. She was also accused of presenting herself as being or having been a professor at that University. She never actually had such a position. The University of Heidelberg confirmed on 14 April, 2013, that plagiarism had taken place. The university also said that Sahai has no right to call herself a professor of the University of Heidelberg. Her habilitation has been revoked.

References 

20th-century births
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Activists
Plagiarism
Indian actors
Valentin de Boulogne

Valentin de Boulogne (baptised 3 January 1591 – died 19 August 1632) was a French painter. He is also known as Le Valentin, his real name was Jean Valentin. Later in life, Valentin went to Rome to study. In Rome, he was under the influence of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio and Bartolomeo Manfredi. Valentin's teacher was Simon Vouet.

1590 births
1632 deaths
French painters
Anna Q. Nilsson

Anna Quirentia Nilsson (March 30, 1888 – February 11, 1974) was a Swedish and American actress. She first achieved success in silent movies. She moved to the United States around 1905. She began acting in silent movies, and then moved into ones with sound. From the 1930s to the 1950s, she played small roles in movies with sound. The most notable one was acting as herself in the movie Sunset Boulevard in 1950. She was also in The Farmer's Daughter in 1947.

Nilsson was born in Sweden. She died due to heart failure in Sun City, California, at age 85.

1888 births
1974 deaths
American movie actors
Swedish movie actors
Deaths from heart failure
Anita Loos

Anita Loos (born April 26, 1889 – August 18, 1981) was an American screenwriter, stage actress and author. She wrote several novels. She was best known for her book Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. She also wrote its sequel But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes. She was a screenwriter of many movies.

Loos was born in Sisson, California. She later moved to New York City. She died there in August 1981 from natural causes at age ninety-two.

American stage actors
Actors from California
Writers from California
Actors from New York City
Writers from New York City
1889 births
1981 deaths
Florence La Badie

Florence La Badie (27 April 1888 – 13 October 1917) was an American actress. She appeared mostly in silent movies. She played Kate in The Broken Cross, a 1911 silent movie. She also acted in the 1912 adaptation of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.

There is controversy about where La Badie was born. She died due to an automobile accident at age 29 in New York.

American movie actors
Actors from New York City
1888 births
1917 deaths
Austin Butler

Austin Butler (born August 17, 1991 in Anaheim, California) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Jake Krandle in the TV series iCarly and as James Garrett in Zoey 101.

Early life and career 
Austin Butler was born in Anaheim, Los Angeles. His parents are Lori and David Butler. His first acting job was in a supporting role in the TV Series Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide. His older sister also plays in that TV series. From 2007 to 2008 he played in the 4th season of Zoey 101 as James Garrett. Other television appearance were Hannah Montana, iCarly, Jonas L.A., Zeke and Luther and Wizards of Waverly Place. In 2009, he was in the TV series Ruby & the Rockits as Jordan Gallagher. This series was unsuccessful and ended after 10 episodes.

Later, he played with Ashley Tisdale in the film Aliens in the Attic and in Sharpay's Fabulous Adventure. Since 2011, he has been in the ABC-Family-Series Switched at Birth.

He is in a relationship with Vanessa Hudgens.

1991 births
Living people
Actors from Anaheim, California
American television actors
Margaret Rutherford

Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford DBE (May 11, 1892 – May 22, 1972) was an English character actress. She usually played eccentric characters in movies. Her first movie was in 1936. She became known for playing Madame Arcati in the 1945 movie Blithe Spirit. Her other movies include: The Happiest Days of Your Life and The Importance of Being Earnest. She also performed in stage plays in her acting career. In 1961, Margaret later declared Officer of the Order of the British Empire. She was named a Dame Commander six years after that.

Rutherford was born in the London neighborhood of Balham. She died from Alzheimer's disease in Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire at age 80.

Other websites 

 Margaret Rutherford at the Internet Broadway Database
 Performances in Theatre Archive, University of Bristol

1892 births
1972 deaths
Actors from London
Balham
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Buckinghamshire
English movie actors
English stage actors
Knights and Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
The Farmer's Daughter

The Farmer's Daughter is a political based 1947 movie. The movie is about a farmgirl who ends up working as a maid for a Congressman and his very powerful mother. Loretta Young stars as Katie Holstrom. Anna Q. Nillson plays as Mrs. Holstrom. Loretta Young received the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in this movie. The movie was released in March and April 1947 in the United States.

1947 movies
1940s comedy movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by H. C. Potter
Ethel Barrymore

Ethel Barrymore (or Ethel Mae Blythe; 15 August 1879 – 18 June 1959) was an American actress. She was a member of the Barrymore family of actors. She became quite popular in stage and on Broadway.

Barrymore's first appearance was in 1895, in The Imprudent Young Couple. She played Nora in the play A Doll's House in 1905. She was also in the critically acclaimed movie None but the Lonely Heart. She was in Alfred Hitchcock movies. She was the sister of actors John and Lionel Barrymore and grand-aunt of the actress Drew Barrymore.

Barrymore was born in Philadelphia. She died from heart disease in Hollywood, California.

1879 births
1959 deaths
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
American movie actors
American stage actors
Barrymore family
Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles
Martha Graham

Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991) was an American modern dancer and choreographer. Her influences on modern dance are usually compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts. She was the first dancer to perform at the White House. She got a Presidential Medal of Freedom. She danced and choreographed for more than seventy years.

Graham was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She died at age ninety-six from pneumonia.

Gallery 

American stage actors
Ballet dancers
Deaths from pneumonia
Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1894 births
1991 deaths
G. G. Ponnambalam

Ganapathipillai Gangaser Ponnambalam (; 8 November 1901 – 9 February 1977), also known as G. G. Ponnambalam, was a Sri Lankan Tamil politician, during the British colonial period and the war for independence. He founded the first Sri Lankan Tamil political party, the All Ceylon Tamil Congress.

1901 births
Sri Lankan politicians
Tamil activists
Jeane Dixon

Jeane Dixon (born Lydia Emma Pinckert, 5 January 1904 – 25 January 1997) was an American psychic and astrologist. She also wrote newspaper columns. She reportedly predicted certain major events of the 20th century. She also wrote many novels. 

She was known for working with Nancy Reagan to protect her husband, Ronald Reagan from any danger spiritually.

Dixon was born in Medford, Wisconsin. She died from cardiac arrest at 93.

Writers from Wisconsin
Deaths from cardiac arrest
1904 births
1997 deaths
Mapitigama Buddharakkitha

Mapitigama Buddharakkitha (1921−1967) was the person who planned the assassination of the fourth Prime Minister of Ceylon (later Sri Lanka), S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike. He served as the leader of the Kelaniya Raja Maha Vihara, one of the most sacred Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka from 1947 to 1959.

1921 births
1967 deaths
Assassins