Global 200

The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as priorities for conservation. According to the WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species, dynamics, and environmental conditions (Dinerstein et al. 1995, TNC 1997)."

The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.

Global 200: Terrestrial

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

Afrotropic
 Guinean moist forests
 Congolian coastal forests
 Cameroon Highlands forests
 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests
 Central Congolian lowland forests
 Western Congolian moist forests
 Albertine Rift montane forests
 East African Coastal Forests
 Eastern African montane forests
 Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
 Seychelles and Mascarene Islands moist forests

Australasia
 Sulawesi moist forests
 Moluccas moist forests
 Southern New Guinea lowland forests
 New Guinea montane forests
 Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests
 Queensland tropical rain forests
 New Caledonia moist forests
 Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands forests

Indomalaya
 South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
 Sri Lanka moist forests
 Northern Indochina Subtropical moist forests
 Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
 Taiwan montane forests
 Annamite Range moist forests
 Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
 Philippines moist forests
 Palawan moist forests
 Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests
 Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
 Borneo lowland and montane forests
 Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests
 Eastern Deccan Plateau moist forests
 Naga-Manipuri-Chin hills moist forests
 Cardamom Mountains moist forests
 Western Java montane forests

Neotropic
 Greater Antillean moist forests
 Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
 Choco-Darien moist forests
 Northern Andean montane forests
 Coastal Venezuela montane forests
 Guianan moist forests
 Napo moist forests
 Rio Negro-Jurua moist forests
 Guayana Highlands moist forests
 Central Andean yungas
 Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
 Atlantic forests

Oceania
 South Pacific Islands forests
 Hawaii moist forests

Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

Afrotropic
 Madagascar dry deciduous forests

Australasia
 Nusa Tenggara dry forests
 New Caledonia dry forests

Indomalaya
 Indochina dry forests
 Chhota-Nagpur dry forests

Neotropic
 Mexican dry forests
 Tumbesian-Andean valleys dry forests
 Chiquitano dry forests
 Atlantic dry forests

Oceania
 Hawaii dry forests

Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests

Nearctic
 Sierra Madre Oriental and Occidental pine-oak forests

Neotropic
 Greater Antillean pine forests
 Mesoamerican pine-oak forests

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

Australasia
 Eastern Australia temperate forests
 Tasmanian temperate rain forests
 New Zealand temperate forests

Indomalaya
 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf and conifer forests
 Western Himalayan temperate forests

Nearctic
 Appalachian and mixed mesophytic forests

Palearctic
 Southwest China temperate forests
 Russian Far East temperate forests

Temperate coniferous forests

Nearctic
 Pacific temperate rain forests
 Klamath-Siskiyou forests
 Sierra Nevada forests
 Southeastern coniferous and broadleaf forests

Neotropic
 Valdivian temperate rain forests-Juan Fernandez Islands

Palearctic
 European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
 Caucasus-Anatolian-Hycanian temperate forests
 Altai-Sayan montane forests
 Hengduan Shan coniferous forests

Boreal forests/taiga

Nearctic
 Muskwa-Slave Lake boreal forests
 Canadian taiga

Palearctic
 Ural Mountains taiga
 East Siberian taiga;
 Kamchatka taiga and grasslands

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

Afrotropic
 Horn of Africa acacia savannas
 East African acacia savannas
 Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
 Sudanian savannas

Australasia
 Northern Australia and Trans-Fly savannas

Indomalaya
 Terai-Duar savannas and grasslands

Neotropic
 Llanos savannas
 Cerrado woodlands and savannas

Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

Nearctic
 Northern prairie

Neotropic
 Patagonian steppe

Palearctic
 Daurian steppe

Flooded grasslands and savannas

Afrotropic
 Sudd-Sahelian flooded grasslands and savannas
 Zambezian flooded savannas

Indomalaya
 Rann of Kutch flooded grasslands

Neotropic
 Everglades flooded grasslands
 Pantanal flooded savannas

Montane grasslands and shrublands

Afrotropic
 Ethiopian Highlands
 Southern Rift montane woodlands
 East African moorlands
 Drakenberg montane shrublands and woodlands

Australasia
 Central Range subalpine grasslands

Indomalaya
 Kinabalu montane shrublands

Neotropic
 Northern Andean paramo
 Central Andean dry puna

Palearctic
 Tibetan Plateau steppe
 Middle Asian montane steppe and woodlands
 Eastern Himalayan alpine meadows

Tundra

Nearctic
 Alaskan North Slope coastal tundra
 Canadian low arctic tundra

Palearctic
 Fenno-Scandia alpine tundra and taiga
 Taimyr and Russian coastal tundra
 Chukote coastal tundra

Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub

Afrotropic
 Fynbos

Australasia
 Southwestern Australia forests and scrub
 Southern Australia mallee and woodlands

Nearctic
 California chaparral and woodlands

Neotropic
 Chilean Matorral

Palearctic
 Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub

Deserts and xeric shrublands

Afrotropic
 Namib-Karoo-kaokoveld deserts
 Madagascar spiny thicket
 Socotra Island desert
 Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands

Australasia
 Carnavon xeric scrub
 Great Sandy-Tanami deserts

Nearctic
 Sonoran-Baja deserts
 Chihuahuan-Tehuacan deserts

Neotropic
 Galapagos Islands scrub
 Atacama-Sechura deserts

Palearctic
 Central Asian deserts

Mangroves

Afrotropic
 Gulf of Guinea mangroves
 East African mangroves
 Madagascar mangroves

Australasia
 New Guinea mangroves

Indomalaya
 Sundarbans mangroves
 Greater Sundas mangroves

Neotropic
 Guianan-Amazon mangroves
 Panama Bight mangroves

Global 200: Freshwater ecoregions

Large rivers

Afrotropic
 Congo River and flooded forests (Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo)

Indomalaya
 Mekong River (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)

Nearctic
 Colorado River (Mexico, United States)
 Lower Mississippi River (United States)

Neotropic
 Amazon River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
 Orinoco River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)

Palearctic
 Yangtze River and lakes (China)

Large river headwaters

Afrotropic
 Congo basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)

Nearctic
 Mississippi piedmont rivers and streams (United States)

Neotropic
 Upper Amazon rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana (France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
 Upper Paraná rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
 Brazilian Shield Amazonian rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

Large river deltas

Afrotropic
 Niger River delta (Nigeria)

Indomalaya
 Indus River Delta (India, Pakistan)

Palearctic
 Volga River Delta (Kazakhstan, Russia)
 Mesopotamian delta and marshes (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
 Danube River delta (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
 Lena River delta (Russia)

Small rivers

Afrotropic
 Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
 Madagascar freshwater (Madagascar)
 Gulf of Guinea rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
 Cape rivers and streams (South Africa)

Australasia
 New Guinea rivers and streams (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
 New Caledonia rivers and streams (New Caledonia)
 Kimberley rivers and streams (Australia)
 Southwest Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
 Eastern Australia rivers and streams (Australia)

Indomalaya
 Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
 Western Ghats Rivers and Streams (India)
 Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams (Sri Lanka)
 Salween River (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
 Sundaland rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)

Nearctic
 Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
 Pacific Northwest coastal rivers and streams (United States)
 Gulf of Alaska coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)

Neotropic
 Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
 Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)

Palearctic
 Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
 Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)

Large lakes

Afrotropic
 Rift Valley lakes (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)

Neotropic
 High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)

Palearctic
 Lake Baikal (Russia)
 Lake Biwa (Japan)

Small lakes

Afrotropic
 Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)

Australasia
 Lakes Kutubu and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
 Central Sulawesi lakes (Indonesia)

Indomalaya
 Philippines freshwater (Philippines)
 Inle Lake (Myanmar)
 Yunnan lakes and streams (China)

Neotropic
 Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)

Xeric basins

Australasia
 Central Australian freshwater (Australia)

Nearctic
 Chihuahuan freshwater (Mexico, United States)

Palearctic
 Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)

Global 200 Marine ecoregions

Polar

Antarctic Ocean
 Antarctic Peninsula & Weddell Sea

Arctic Ocean
 Bering Sea (Canada, Russia, United States)
 Barents-Kara Sea (Norway, Russia)

Temperate shelfs and seas

Mediterranean
 Mediterranean Sea (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)

North Temperate Atlantic
 Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
 Grand Banks (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
 Chesapeake Bay (United States)

North Temperate Indo-Pacific
 Yellow Sea (China, North Korea, South Korea)
 Sea of Okhotsk (Japan, Russia)

Southern Ocean
 Patagonian Southwest Atlantic (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
 Southern Australian Marine (Australia)
 New Zealand Marine (New Zealand)

Temperate upwelling

North Temperate Indo-Pacific
 California Current (Canada, Mexico, United States)

South Temperate Atlantic
 Benguela Current (Namibia, South Africa)

South Temperate Indo-Pacific
 Humboldt Current (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
 Agulhas Current (Mozambique, South Africa)

Tropical upwelling

Central Indo-Pacific
 Western Australian Marine (Australia)

Eastern Indo-Pacific
 Panama Bight (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
 Gulf of California (Mexico)
 Galápagos Marine (Ecuador)

Eastern Tropical Atlantic
 Canary Current (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)

Tropical coral

Central Indo-Pacific
 Nansei Shoto (Japan)
 Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
 Bismarck-Solomon Seas (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
 Banda-Flores Sea (Indonesia)
 New Caledonia Barrier Reef (New Caledonia)
 Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
 Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine (Australia)
 Palau Marine (Palau)
 Andaman Sea (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)

Eastern Indo-Pacific
 Tahitian Marine (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
 Hawaiian Marine (Hawaii)
 Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
 Fiji Barrier Reef (Fiji)

Western Indo-Pacific
 Maldives, Chagos, and Lakshadweep atolls (Chagos Archipelago (United Kingdom), India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
 Red Sea (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
 Arabian Sea (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
 East African Marine (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
 West Madagascar Marine (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses (France), Seychelles)

Western Tropical Atlantic
 Mesoamerican Reef (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
 Greater Antillean Marine (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
 Southern Caribbean Sea (Aruba, Columbia, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
 Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine (Brazil)

Related pages
 Biodiversity

Other websites 
 Map of the Global 200
 Conservation status map of the global 200
 List of the Global 200

Ecozones