cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Free! (anime)

Free! Iwatobi Swim Club is a Japanese anime based on swimming.

Plot
The main story is about four boys on a swim team. The boys were on a swim team together in elementary and middle school and were split up before high school. Two of the boys, Haruka Nanase and Makoto Tachibana were reunited by fate to both attend Iwatobi High School. Luckily for them, when the new arrival of first years came, the third member from their original swim team Nagisa Hazuki also arrived to Iwatobi High School. Haruka and Makoto were astonished to be reunited with another friend of theirs, however something was missing. The final member to their childhood swim team, Rin Matsouka. Rin had been studying abroad in Australia and recently came back to Japan to go to high school at Samezuka Academy. When Haruka, Makoto, and Nagisa all caught up, they run into the younger sister of their old friend Rin, Gou Matsouka, who fills the boys in about Rin's whereabouts and goals. They are all determined and decide to start their own swim club to have the opportunity to see Rin once more. With Gou as the manager and Makoto as the captain, the Iwatobi Swim Club needed one more thing to complete their team, a fourth member. The boys advertised everywhere however no one wanted to join. Until one day, Nagisa had stumbled across a first year who had a similarity with he and the other two boys on the team, he had a girly name.

2010s anime
Disney Legends

Disney Legends Awards are given to individuals whose work has made significant contributions to The Walt Disney Company. The award was created in 1987. It was designed to honor those employees whose accomplishments have helped create Disney magic. More than 200 people have received the Disney Legends award. A selection committee chooses who will receive the award. It is given out at a special ceremony.

References 

Disney
Awards
Carrie (horror series)

Carrie is a horror series by Stephen King and released from 1974-2013.

Novel
Carrie (1974)

Films
Carrie (1976)
Carrie 2: The Rage (1999)
Carrie (1976) (2002 remake)
Carrie (1976) (2013 remake)

Carrie
Aviacsa

Aviacsa was a Mexican airline. It started operations in 1990. Aviacsa was a low-cost carrier based in Mexico City. In 2009 the Mexican government refused to allow Aviacsa to fly because of safety concerns. Aviacsa appealed the decision in court. Meanwhile, the FAA removed Aviacia's airworthiness certificate in the United States until it could resolve the safety issues in Mexico. Aviacsa ceased operations in July 2009. It was sold to the Madero Group in 2010. In 2011, Aviacsa was going to start flying again. However, it didn't happen because the airline owed a lot of money to the Mexican Government. Aviacsa stopped all operations for good on May 4, 2011. Interjet took over many of Aviacsa's old routes.

Gallery

References

Transport in Mexico
Airlines of North America
1990 establishments in North America
2009 disestablishments
1990s establishments in Mexico
2000s disestablishments in Mexico
Ahmed Zewail

Ahmed Zewail (1946-2016) was an Egyptian chemist. He invented femtochemistry and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1999.  

Chemical reactions were once thought impossible to measure, because they happen in only a few femtoseconds. His Nobel award was for using laser technology to measure extremely fast chemical reactions. The laser technology showed how molecules changed during the reaction. He was on the scientific advisory team for the President. Zewail encouraged basic Egyptian education and knowledge.

Related pages
List of Egyptian scientists

References

"Ahmed Zewail." Gale Biography in Context. Detroit: Gale, 2004. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
"Ahmed H. Zewail".  Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2015.
"Zewail, Ahmed Hassan." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.
"ZEWAIL - EGYPT SUPPORTS KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY." AllAfrica. 16 Mar. 2015 eLibrary. Web. 29 May. 2015.

1946 births
2016 deaths
Chemists
Egyptian scientists
Wolf Prize winners
Egyptian Nobel Prize winners
Daniel James, Jr.

Daniel James, Jr. (February 11th, 1920 – February 25th, 1978) was the first African-American four-star general officer in the United States military. He received his pilot training with the Tuskegee airmen during World War II. He flew planes during the Korean, and Vietnam Wars. He was a flight instructor in the United States Air Force. On receiving his fourth star he became commander-in-chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command in 1975. 
He died of a heart attack February 25th, 1978 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. On March 2, 1978, General James was buried at Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors. His widow, Dorothy W. James, died on May 2, 2000, in San Antonio, Texas. She is buried next to General James at Arlington.

Decorations and Service Awards
James won the following awards (Each oak leaf cluster and service stars represents one additional award):
 Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
 Air Force Distinguished Service Medal w/1 oak leaf cluster
 Legion of Merit w/1 oak leaf cluster
 Distinguished Flying Cross w/2 oak leaf clusters
 Meritorious Service Medal
 Air Medal w/13 oak leaf clusters
 Army Commendation Medal
 Combat Readiness Medal
 Good Conduct Medal
 American Defense Service Medal
 American Campaign Medal
 World War II Victory Medal
 National Defense Service Medal w/1 service star
 Korean Service Medal w/4 service stars
 Vietnam Service Medal w/2 bronze service stars
 Air Force Longevity Service Award Ribbon w/7 oak leaf clusters
 Armed Forces Reserve Medal
 Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon
 Republic Of Korea Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon
 United Nations Service Medal
 Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal
 Defense Distinguished Service Medal

References 

1920 births
1978 deaths
American generals
American military personnel of World War II
People from Pensacola, Florida
Misty Copeland

Misty Copeland (born September 10, 1982) is a ballet dancer for American Ballet Theatre (ABT). She made history in 2007 as the third African American to be promoted to the rank of soloist in two decades. She is the fourth African-American soloist, and the first in two decades with ABT.

On June 30, 2015, Copeland became the first African American woman to be promoted to principal dancer in ABT's 75-year history 

She starred as Odette in George Balanchine's Swan Lake. Copeland is considered a prodigy because she rose to stardom despite not starting ballet until the age of 13. She is the fourth African-American soloist, and the first in two decades with ABT.

The ABT is one of the three leading classical ballet companies in the United States.

References

Other websites 
 Carlotti, Valentino D. "ABT: Dancers" . Misty Copeland. Web. 29 May 2015.
 "The Official Website of Misty Copeland" . Misty Copeland. Web. 29 May 2015.

Living people
Ballerinas
American dancers
African-American entertainers
1982 births
Qubool Hai

Qubool Hai (English: I Accept) is a soap opera on Zee TV. The show tells about the Muslim community. It wants to break stereotypes about Islam.

The program has received praise for leading the way for more TV shows about Muslim culture and family life. It was produced by 4 Lions Films and by Divine Multimedia.

The program uses both drama and romance. It tells about the lives of three characters, Zoya, Ayaan and Asad. The three are really different from each other but their lives have been brought together by fate. Producer Gul Khan said, "The show is about a journey of life, its trials and tribulations and acceptance of one's fate. It is said that God gives us the strength to change what we can and the courage to accept what we can't".

The story usually takes place in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It moved to Punjab, India for a month in April 2014. This was because the story jumped ahead 20 years to tell about the life of Asad and Zoya's daughter, Sanam. Production was back in Bhopal in May 2014, because Sanam went back to the city where her mother and father lived.

The program is still airing in June 2015, and has shown more than 680 episodes. With so many episodes and character changes, a number of different actors have played the various roles. The Show ended After 856 Episodes. It was one of the longest Indian soap opera running in this period.

Characters 

 Zoya is a modern and energetic woman who questions stereotypes. She listens to all who give her advice, but decides by what her emotional heart is saying. She has respect for her culture but does not follow rituals. Surbhi Jyoti played the part of Zoya in Season One.
Ayaan is a happy and carefree young man. He falls in love with many pretty women, but will not settle down with any of them. Ayaan is very fond of his mother and his step-brother, Asad. He has a close relationship with Asad. Even though he came from a broken family, he seems emotionally stable.
Asad only wants to become successful in life. He is a perfectionist and is not interested in being in love. His father left the family while he was still growing up. This caused him to have a disturbed and unstable childhood. Even so, he is making a success of himself.

References

Other websites
Official Website

Soap operas
2010s television series
Marissa Mayer

Marissa Mayer was the president and CEO of Yahoo! until 2017. She started as the head of the company in 2012.

Mayer went to college at Stanford University. She studied computer science there. After college, she went to Google in 1999 as the first female engineer when she was 24 years old. She worked at Google until 2012.

When she went to Yahoo!, the company was losing money. She helped them improve. During her first year, their stock prices increased by 75%.

References

Hanson, Jarice. "Mayer, Marissa." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.
"Marissa Mayer." Newsmakers. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 2013. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American chief executives
Google people
Wilma Mankiller

Wilma Mankiller (November 18, 1945 – April 6, 2010) was the first woman to be the chief of the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma. She helped the Cherokee with some major problems, including unemployment, health care, and education. Mankiller helped take action on the unemployment issue by supporting new businesses. She also hugely increased the Cherokee nation's membership numbers, which was a great accomplishment. The Cherokee population increased by over 100,000 members. She survived a severe car crash, a kidney transplant, as well as a few illnesses. She died in 2010, at age 65 years from a form of cancer.

References

 "Wilma Pearl Mankiller".  Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2015. Web.
"Wilma P. Mankiller." Newsmakers. Detroit: Gale, 1986. Biography in Context. Web.

2010 deaths
Native American people
Cherokee Nation
Vivienne Tam

Vivienne Tam (, born 28 November 1957) is a fashion designer. The clothing she makes are a cross between Chinese and American cultures. This is important because most of the successful fashion designers were either American or French.

Sources
 "Vivienne Tam." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 24. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
 "Vivienne Tam." Contemporary Fashion. Gale, 2002. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.

Fashion designers
Living people
1957 births
Avi Beker

Avi Beker (3 May 1951 – 4 June 2015) was an Israeli writer, statesman, and academic. Beker served as the Secretary General of the World Jewish Congress from 2001 to 2003. He was born in Tel Aviv.

Beker died on 4 June 2015 of cancer, aged 64.

References

1951 births
2015 deaths
Israeli diplomats
Jewish academics
Jewish Israeli writers
People from Tel Aviv
Israeli political scientists
Leonid Plyushch

Leonid Plyushch (Ukrainian: Плющ Леонід Іванович; 26 April 1938 – 4 June 2015) was a Ukrainian mathematician and Soviet dissident. Plyushch became a dissident by taking a public stance on political hot topics of the time. He was arrested in January 1972 on charges of anti-Soviet activity, and was jailed for a year before his trial began.

Plyushch was born into a Ukrainian working-class family in 1938 in Naryn, Kirghizia. He died on 4 June 2015 in France, aged 77.

References

Other websites
 PLYUSHCH, Leonid Ivanovych  at the Dissident Movement in Ukraine Virtual Museum

1938 births
2015 deaths
Ukrainian politicians
Activists
Ukrainian mathematicians
Sybil Ludington

Sybil Ludington (April 5, 1761 – February 26, 1839) was a heroine of the American Revolutionary War. She was the daughter of Colonel Henry Ludington. In 1773 he joined the rebel cause. He was the colonel of the local regiment. Sybil Ludington became famous for her night ride on April 26, 1777 to alert American colonial forces to the approach of the British Regulars. Her action was similar to the ride of Paul Revere. She rode more than twice the distance of Revere. She was only 16 years old at the time of her ride.

References 

American revolutionaries
American Revolutionary War
Claudette Colvin

Claudette Colvin was born on September 5, 1939 in Birmingham, Alabama. She grew up in Montgomery, Alabama. Colvin was arrested on March 2, 1955 for not giving up her seat to a white woman. She was 15 years old when this happened. Colvin was put on trial on several charges including violating the segregation ordinance. The court found her guilty. She was beaten up and ridiculed by white people after the incident. Colvin was placed on probation. Reverend Johnson bailed her out and when she got back home, everyone was so proud of her. In 1956, about one year after Colvin refused to give up her seat, her lawyer, Fred Gray, filed the landmark federal lawsuit: Browder v Gayle. This case stopped segregation on public transportation in Montgomery Alabama. Claudette’s incident was before Rosa Parks even though she isn’t acknowledged much. Around this time, Colvin was getting involved in the Youth Council of Montgomery of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).Even though the got a light sentence from the court, she was branded a troublemaker. She dropped out of college and could not find a job. Colvin moved to New York City in 1958. There she worked as a nurse assistant in a nursing home while living there. Colvin retired in 2004. She is currently 76 years old. Although she is relatively unknown, Colvin played an important part in the Civil rights movement.

References 

Civil rights
TAT-1

TAT-1 (Transatlantic No. 1) was the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system. It was laid between Oban, Scotland and Clarenville, Newfoundland. Two cables were laid between 1955 and 1956. One cable for each direction. It was inaugurated on September 25, 1956. The cable was able to carry 35 simultaneous telephone calls. A 36th channel was used to carry up to 22 telegraph lines.

History
The first transatlantic telegraph cable had been laid in 1858 (see Cyrus West Field).  It only operated for a month, but was replaced with a successful connection in 1866.  A radio-based transatlantic telephone service was started in 1927. It charged £9 for three minutes.  A telephone cable was discussed at that time. But it was not practical until a number of technological advances arrived in the 1940s.

The developments that made TAT-1 possible were coaxial cable, polyethylene insulation, very reliable vacuum tubes for the submerged repeaters and an improvement in carrier equipment.  Transistors were not used, being a recent invention of unknown longevity.

References 

Telephone
Telecommunications
Tom Lewis (Australian politician)

Thomas Lancelot (Tom) Lewis AO (23 January 1922 – 25 April 2016) was a New South Wales politician. He served as Premier of New South Wales and Minister in the cabinets of Sir Robert Askin and Sir Eric Willis. He became Premier following Askin's retirement from politics and held the position until he was replaced by Willis in a party vote. Lewis was first elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Electoral district of Wollondilly for the Liberal Party of Australia from 1957 until his resignation in 1978.

References

1922 births
2016 deaths
Politicians from New South Wales
Goff Letts

Dr Godfrey Alan (Goff) Letts CBE (born 18 January 1928) is an Australian politician. He was the Majority Leader of the Northern Territory of Australia from 1974 to 1977.

References

1928 births
Living people
Chief Ministers of the Northern Territory
Eric Neal

Sir Eric James Neal AC CVO FTSE HonFAIB (born 3 June 1924) is an Australian politician. He was the Governor of South Australia 1996-2001, Commissioner of Sydney from 1987 to 1988, and until the start of 2010, the Chancellor of Flinders University.

Other websites
Press release of appointment as Chancellor of Flinders University 
University of South Australia - Sir Eric Neal library 
Biography of Chancellor of Flinders University 
Australian Institute of Building Honorary Fellows 
Sir Eric Neal on the Flinders uni Wiki 
A U Soccer Club

1924 births
Living people
Governors of South Australia
Phillip Bennett

General Sir Phillip Harvey Bennett (born 27 December 1928) is an Australian politician. He is a retired senior officer of the Australian Army. He served as Chief of the Australian Defence Force from 1984 to 1987, and later as Governor of Tasmania from 1987 to 1995.

Other websites
Korean War Nominal Roll
Vietnam War Nominal Roll

1928 births
Living people
Governors of Tasmania
Duke Aiona

James "Duke" Aiona (born June 8, 1955) is a Republican state government official for the U.S. state of Hawaii. He has spent his life trying to make Hawaii a better place to live in his role as Lieutenant Governor. During his first term in 2002, he made a campaign to stop drug abuse including crystal methamphetamine and underage drinking. He was the rival of Democrat David Ige who defeated him in the 2014 election for governor.

Sources
"James (Duke) R Aiona Jr." State Directory. Bethesda, MD: Carroll Publishing, 2009. Biography in Context. Web. 4 June 2015.
Lynne Duke Washington Post Staff Writer. "The Right to Bear Barbs; Court Says 'Hateful' Speech, 'Million Youth March' Are Protected."Washington Post. 03 Sep. 1999: A02. eLibrary. Web. 04 Jun. 2015.

Other websites
Official campaign website

US Republican Party politicians
Lieutenant Governors of Hawaii
Living people
1955 births
Evelyn Boyd Granville

Evelyn Boyd Granville (born May, 1, 1924) the first African American to get a doctoral degree in math from Yale. She was born in Washington, D.C.. Around this time period, not many Americans acknowledged African Americans, especially African American women. She became a professor at Fisk University. She also worked for IBM and for NASA on the Project Vanguard and Project Mercury space programs.  She also taught at California State University in Los Angeles. She spent most of her career as an applied mathematician for the Diamond Ordinance Fuze Laboratories.

Sources
"Evelyn Boyd Granville." World of Computer Science. Gale, 2006. Biography in Context. Web. 8 May 2015. 
"Evelyn Boyd Granville." Almanac of Famous People. Gale, 2011. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.

1924 births
Living people
African-American people
American academics
American mathematicians
Scientists from Washington, D.C.
Yale University alumni
Educators from Washington, D.C.
Madhur Jaffrey

Madhur Jaffrey, CBE (born 13 August 1933) is an Indian cook and writer. She has been recognized in many magazine articles. Sixteen of her books are cookbooks.  The other four are stories. One of her cookbooks is Madhur Jaffrey's World Vegetarian: More Than 750 Meatless Recipes from Around the Globe. One of her stories is "Robi Dobi: The Marvelous Adventures of an Indian Elephant." In her recipes, she often uses many spices and herbs. She was married to actor Saeed Jaffrey.

Bibliography
"Madhur Jaffrey." Contemporary Authors Online. Detroit: Gale, 2007. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
Ollie Dabbous, Ollie Dabbous. "Gourmet Comfort Food The Chef's Guide to One-pot Cooking ; From Braised Plaice with Samphire to Fig and Honey Cake, Chef Ollie Dabbous Shares Seasonal Recipes That You Can Cook in a Casserole Series:." News International Associated Services Ltd.. 4 oct. 2014: 12 DB - ELibrary. Web. 29 May 2015.

References

Indian writers
Chefs
Living people
1933 births
Jerry Collins

Jerry Collins (4 November 1980 – 5 June 2015) was a professional New Zealand rugby union player. He played for the All Blacks between 2001 and 2007. At the time of his death, he was playing for RC Narbonne. He also played for the Hurricanes, Wellington, Toulon, Ospreys, Yamaha Júbilo.

Collins was born in Apia, Samoa. He grew up in Porirua, Wellington. He and his partner, Alana, had a daughter, Ayla.

Collins and his partner were killed in a car accident on 5 June 2015 near Béziers, Hérault in southern France. He was 34. His three-month-old daughter was badly injured and was flown to a Montpellier hospital.

References

Other websites
 Jerry Collins at AllBlacks.com

1980 births
2015 deaths
New Zealand rugby union players
People from Wellington
RC Toulonnais players
Road accident deaths
Sportspeople from North Island
Margaret Juntwait

Margaret Juntwait (March 18, 1957 – June 3, 2015) was an American radio broadcaster. She was the voice of the Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts from December 11, 2004, replacing Peter Allen when he retired after 29 years.

Juntwait was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey. She grew up in Upper Saddle River. She was married to Jamie Katz and had four children.

Juntwait died from ovarian cancer on June 3, 2015 in Saddle River, aged 58.

References

1957 births
2015 deaths
American radio personalities
Cancer deaths in New Jersey
Deaths from ovarian cancer
People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
Billa (supermarket)

Billa (stylised BILLA) is an Austrian supermarket chain. It has over 1,600 locations in Europe with over a thousand in Austria alone. They also operate in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, Russia, Croatia and Ukraine. Billa was founded by Karl Wlaschek in 1953, and are owned by Germany's REWE Group.

Other websites
 

1953 establishments in Europe
Companies of Austria
Supermarkets of Europe
20th century establishments in Austria
Tariq Aziz

Tariq Aziz (born Mikhail Yuhanna; 28 April 1936 – 5 June 2015) was an Iraqi politician for the Ba'ath Party. He served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 24 January 1983 until 22 March 1991. He also served as the Deputy Prime Minister from 1 August 1965 until 9 April 2003. For decades he was a close adviser to Saddam Hussein.

Aziz was born in the town of Tel Keppe near Mosul to a Chaldean Catholic family. He studied English at Baghdad University. He later worked as a journalist, before joining the Ba'ath Party in 1957. He was married to Violet Yusef Nobud and had children.

Aziz was arrested in 2003 and spent the rest of his life in custody. He died in hospital from a heart attack on 5 June 2015 in Nasiriyah, aged 79. He also suffered from heart disease, depression, diabetes, and ulcers.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
Criminals
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Eastern Catholics
Iraqi politicians
People who died in prison custody
Frequent-flyer program

A frequent-flyer program is offered by an airline to reward its customers for loyalty. People who are part of the program usually earn miles (frequent-flyer points). These miles can be redeemed (exchanged) for free flights or other products and services. Many airline alliances allow customers to earn and redeem miles with a number of airlines. This may also work with a codeshare agreement. The first airline to launch a frequent-flyer program was American Airlines.

References

Marketing
Airlines
Charles Bukowski

Henry Charles Bukowski (born Heinrich Karl Bukowski; August 16, 1920 – March 9, 1994) was a German-American poet, novelist, and short story writer.

His writing was influenced by the social, cultural, and economic ambience of his home city of Los Angeles. His work addresses the ordinary lives of poor Americans, the act of writing, alcohol, relationships with women, and the drudgery of work. He died of leukemia.

References

Other websites
 Timeline of Bukowski's life and publications
 Profile and poems at Poetry Foundation.org
 Profile and poems at Poets.org
 "Hanging with Bukowski at the Gotlieb Center". BU Today. Boston University 26 March 2009 
Guide to the Charles Bukowski Manuscript. Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
 "Bukowski Comes to Wormwood", The Wormwood Review 1985
 "Mickey Rourke plays a tough barfly" . Interview with Bukowski 10 February 1987. Chicago Sun Times
 13 August 2000 Bukowski profile (audio, 11 mins) NPR.
 "Smashed:The pulp poetry of Charles Bukowski" by Adam Kirsch at The New Yorker 14-03-2005
 HarperCollins profile, timeline and resources 

1920 births
1994 deaths
American poets
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from leukemia
German poets
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Rhineland-Palatinate
Writers from California
Cyrus West Field

Cyrus West Field (November 30, 1819 – July 12, 1892) was an American businessman and financier who, along with other entrepreneurs, created the Atlantic Telegraph Company and laid the first telegraph cable across the Atlantic Ocean in 1858. Field was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts.  When he was 16 years old, he moved to New York City. There he apprenticed in the largest dry goods business in the city. He went to work for the paper wholesaler E. Root and Company. When the company failed he bought up the stock. He built it up as Cyrus W. Field and Company. He became one of the city's richest men. Profits permitted him to retire at the age 34 with a fortune of $250,000. Bad investments left Field without most of his fortune at the end of his life. He died in New York City on July 12, 1892.

References 

Businesspeople from Massachusetts
1819 births
1892 deaths
Kurt Weber

Kurt Weber (24 May 1928 – 4 June 2015) was a Polish cinematographer. He was known for working on comedic and dramatic films from the 1950s to the 1980s. 

Weber was of Jewish descent.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
Cinematographers
Polish Jews
Killing Reagan

Killing Reagan: A Violent Assault That Changed a Presidency is a book written by Bill O'Reilly and Martin Dugard. It is about the attempted assassination of U.S President Ronald Reagan.

The book is the fifth in the Killing series. It follows Killing Lincoln, Killing Kennedy, Killing Jesus, and Killing Patton. The book was released on September 22, 2015.

On September 26, 2015, National Geographic announced that a television movie version was being made. There was no specific release date or cast. In May 2016, it was announced that Tim Matheson and Cynthia Nixon would play Ronald and Nancy Reagan respectively in the movie. Filming was to begin in late May. The movie was to be released sometime in the fall of 2016.

References

2015 books
Ronald Reagan
Bengt Berndtsson

Bengt Berndtsson (26 January 1933 – 4 June 2015) was a Swedish football winger. He was born in Gothenburg. Berndtsson played for the Sweden national football team, and was a member of the squad at the 1958 FIFA World Cup finals.

Other websites
 Obituary - Expressen

1933 births
2015 deaths
Swedish footballers
People from Gothenburg
Shallot

Shallots are a type of onion. They are a botanical variety of the species Allium cepa. The shallot was previously classified as a separate species, A. ascalonicum.

Growth 
Shallots seldom produce seeds. They are increased by dividing its compound bulbs. These are made up of several bulblets or cloves held together at the base. The bulblets are planted the same as onion sets. Each set develops into a compound set. The mature bulbs are harvested, cured and stored the same way as onions. In suitable storage, the bulbs keep from one season to the next.

Flavour 
The flavor of shallots is a little milder than onions. It’s used for flavoring curries. Both leaves and cloves are used. Leaves are also consumed as green vegetables. Like their cousins onions and garlics, this is also considered as non-vegetarian food in India. Most of the crop is produced for sale in the green state. But some dry bulbs are also used. They are also used for pickling.

References 
 

Allium
Root vegetables
Aneesa Ahmed

Aneesa Ahmed (Arabic: أنيسة أحمد) is a Maldivian women's rights activist. In 2012, she received the International Women of Courage Award. She was the second woman from the Maldivies to receive this award.

Life 

Aneesa studied at Pennsylvania State University from 1985 to 1986. She was a Humphrey Fellow.

Work 

Aneesa was Deputy Minister of Women's Affairs in Maldives.  She talked about domestic violence, even though it was a taboo subject. After her job in the government, she started the NGO  "Hope for Women".  She talked about violence against women with police, students, and others.

When the national radio of the Maldives had talks by religious students who said female genital mutilation was Islamic, she asked the government to stop them.  She talked about the harm caused by female genital mutilation.

References

Other websites 
 2012 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr 
Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)

Women who received the International Women of Courage Award
Activists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Maldivian people
Hunting magic

Hunting magic is a term to say that forms of magic are associated with rituals in hunter-gatherer societies. Such rituals may be the start of religion. 

Magic
Pierre Brice

Pierre Brice (born Pierre-Louis Baron de Bris; 6 February 1929 – 6 June 2015) was a French actor and singer. He began his career in the 1950s. He was best known for his role as the Apaca chief Winnetou in the German Karl May movies.

Brice was born in Brest. He fought for the French Army in the First Indochina War. He was married to Hella Krekel from 1981 until his death.

Brice died from pneumonia on 6 June 2015 in Paris. He was 86.

References

Other websites

 

1929 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
French military people
French movie actors
French singers
French television actors
Infectious disease deaths in France
People from Brest, France
Pop singers
Hermann Zapf

Hermann Zapf (8 November 1918 – 4 June 2015) was a German typeface designer. He was born in Nuremberg. From 1951 until his death, he was married to educator Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse. Typefaces he designed include Palatino, Optima and Zapfino.

Zapf died at his home in Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany on 4 June 2015 at the age of 96.

List of typefaces

Zapf designed the following typefaces:

References

1918 births
2015 deaths
German artists
German writers
Designers
People from Nuremberg
Loriini

Lories and lorikeets (tribe Loriini) are small to medium-sized arboreal parrots. They have special brush-tipped tongues to feed on nectar of blossoms and soft fruits, preferably berries. 

They are a monophyletic group in the parrot family Psittacidae. Sequence analysis and morphology show that the group is in the middle of other groups. 

They are widely distributed throughout the Australasian region, including south-eastern Asia, Polynesia, Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste and Australia, and the majority have very brightly coloured plumage.

Those studies show that the lories and lorikeets form a single group, closely related to the budgerigar and the fig parrots.

References
Tribe (biology)

A tribe in biology is a monophyletic group inside a family. It is a term used in taxonomy.

More exactly, it is a rank above genus and below subfamily. The Hominini, the hominins, is the tribe to which our species belongs.

Taxonomy
Santiago Auserón

Santiago Auserón, also known as Juan Perro (July 25, 1954 in Zaragoza, Aragon) is a Spanish singer and lyricist. He was songwriter and vocalist of Spanish rock's Radio Futura.

From 1972 to 1977 he attended the University of Madrid where he studied philosophy. After that he attended the University of Vincennes in Saint-Denis, where he stayed one year.

In 1979, Auserón founded Radio Futura, being part of Madrilenian Scene ().

In 1992, he left the group and started his career as a soloist under his pseudonym "Juan Perro".

Discography

Radio Futura 
 Música moderna (1980, Hispavox)
 La estatua del jardín botánico / Rompeolas (1982, single. Hispavox)
 Dance usted / Tus pasos (instrumental) (1983, single. Hispavox)
 La ley del desierto / La ley del mar (1984, Ariola) 
 De un país en llamas (1985, Ariola)
 La canción de Juan Perro (1987, Ariola)
 Escueladecalor. El directo de Radio Futura (1989, BMG Ariola). (In live)
 Veneno en la piel (1990, BMG Ariola)
 Tierra para bailar (1991, BMG Ariola)

As soloist 
 Raíces al viento (1995, Animal Tour/BMG-Ariola)
 La huella sonora (1997, Nueva Sociedad Lírica/BMG Music Spain)
 Mr. Hambre (2000, Nueva Sociedad Lírica/La Huella Sonora)
 Cantares de vela (2002, Nueva Sociedad Lírica/Animal Musik/La Huella Sonora)
 Río Negro (2011, Nueva Sociedad Lírica/La Huella Sonora).

References

Other websites
 Official website 
  Entrevista en la Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo (UIMP). Summer 2009, Santander] 
Complete discography at discogs.com

Spanish singers
Living people
1954 births
People from Aragon
Ludvík Vaculík

Ludvík Vaculík (23 July 1926 – 6 June 2015) was a Czech writer and journalist. He was born in Brumov. He was a known samizdat writer. He was the most known as the author of the "Two Thousand Words" manifesto of June 1968.

Vaculík died at the age of 88 on 6 June 2015.

References

Other websites

 Website about Vaculík and his work 
 Two Thousand Words 
 How to Make a Boy - an example 
 Our Success Story  columne, , October 2008
 Ludvík Vaculík at Czechoslovak book network Baila.net 

1926 births
2015 deaths
Czech writers
Czech journalists
Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas

Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas (October 3, 1934 – June 2, 2015), also known as Michel Cardena, was a Colombian-Dutch, New Realism and Pop Art painter. He was known for his video art in the Netherlands. His works covered many artistic media, including painting, drawing, video, photography, object assemblages and digital art. He was born in Espinal, Tolima, Colombia.

Other websites
  Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas official website
  Collection of video works by Miguel-Ángel Cárdenas

1934 births
2015 deaths
Colombian people
Dutch painters
Mefistofele

Mefistofele is an Italian opera in a prologue, four acts and an epilogue; with music and libretto. It is by Arrigo Boito and is based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's play Faust. It was first performed in Milan, on March 5, 1868. A revised version was performed in Bologna, on October 4, 1875.

Recent performances 
The opera was performed as part of the 2013/2014 season at the Croatian National Theatre, in Split. The director was Michał Znaniecki and the conductor was Nikša Bareza.

In August 2014, the opera was performed in the 13th Opera Festival of the Theatro da Paz in Belém, Brazil. Mefistofeles was played by Denis Sedov and Faust was played by Fernando Portari.

Principal characters

 Mefistofele - bass
 Faust - tenor
 Margherita - soprano
 Elena - soprano

Discography
 1931: Nazzareno de Angelis (Mefistofele), Antonio Melandri (Faust), Mafalda Favero (Margherita), Giannina Arangi-Lombardi (Elena); Orchestra e Coro del Teatro alla Scala di Milano, Lorenzo Molajoli - (Italian Columbia)
 1953: Giulio Neri (Mefistofele), Gianni Poggi (Faust), Rosetta Noli (Margherita), Simona Dall' Argine (Elena); Orchestra e Coro del Teatro alla Scala di Milano, Franco Capuana - (Elsa Music)
 1958: Cesare Siepi (Mefistofele), Mario Del Monaco (Faust), Renata Tebaldi (Margherita), Fiorana Cavalli (Elena); Orchestra e Coro dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, Tullio Serafin - (Decca)
 1973: Norman Treigle (Mefistofele), Plácido Domingo (Faust), Montserrat Caballé (Margherita/Elena); Ambrosian Opera Chorus, London Symphony Orchestra, Julius Rudel - (EMI Classics)
 1982: Nicolai Ghiaurov (Mefistofele), Luciano Pavarotti (Faust), Mirella Freni (Margherita), Montserrat Caballé (Elena); London Opera Chorus, National Philharmonic Orchestra, Oliviero de Fabritiis - (Decca)

References

Further reading 
Ashbrook, William (1998), "Mefistofele", in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Three. London: MacMillan Publishers, Inc.   
Ashbrook, William (2001), in Holden, Amanda (Ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001. 
Borovsky, Victor (1988), Chaliapin, New York: Knopf.  
Harewood, Earl of and Antony Peattie (Eds.) (1997), The New Kobbe's Opera Book, London: Ebury Press.  
Sadie, Stanley, (Ed.)(1997), The New Grove Book of Operas New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Operas
Pavel Kohout

Pavel Kohout (born July 20, 1928 in Prague) is a Czech and Austrian novelist, playwright, and poet. He was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. He was a Prague Spring exponent and dissident in the 1970s until he was expelled to Austria.  He was a founding member of the Charter 77 movement.

Decorations and awards
 1969 Franz Theodor Csokor Award
 1977 Austrian State Prize for European Literature
 1997 Das Glas der Vernunft (The Glass of Reason) (Kassel Citizenship Award)
 1999 Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
 2002 Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
 2004 Honorary Medal of the Austrian capital Vienna in gold

References

1928 births
Living people
Novelists
Austrian poets
Austrian playwrights
Czech poets
Writers from Prague
Bad Blood (Taylor Swift song)

"Bad Blood" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song came from her fifth studio album 1989.  The album version of the song only has Swift as the vocalist on verses. The single version has a different instrumental and guest vocals from rapper Kendrick Lamar on verses.

Writing and composition
Swift wrote "Bad Blood" about an undisclosed female artist. She says that the artist attempted to sabotage one of her concert tours by hiring people that worked for her (Swift). There are rumors from Rolling Stone, Billboard, Time and Washington Post that singer-songwriter Katy Perry is the subject of the song. The original album version of "Bad Blood" only has Swift singing.

Commercial performance
"Bad Blood" first charted on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 for 2 weeks in November of 2014. It also charted in January of 2015 as an album cut from 1989. It peaked at #78. After the music video premiere at the 2015 Billboard Music Awards, the remixed song with Kendrick Lamar re-entered the chart at #53 and #26 on the Digital Songs Chart. It sold over 47,000 digital copies. The song hit #1 on Billboard Hot 100 on the week ending May 24, 2015. It sold 385,000 copies. It became Taylor's fourth #1 single. It was also her third from 1989 (following "Shake It Off" and "Blank Space"). That made Taylor Swift the first artist since Adele to have three Hot 100 chart-toppers from the same record. It was also her fourth consecutive top-ten single from 1989.

Critical reception
The original album version of "Bad Blood" received mixed reviews from music critics. But, the remixed version of the song received mostly positive reviews. Much of the praise was for Lamar's guest verses and the reworked instrumental. George Seabrook, writing for The Edge in Southampton, England, gave the song four-and-a-half stars out of five. He praised the song for "Lamar’s simple, brutally effective verses". He also said that Swift and Lamar made "not just one more meaningless stunt collaboration, but a powerful new duo".

Music video
The music video was directed by renowned director Joseph Kahn, with Swift producing it. He had also directed the music video for "Blank Space". The video was shot in Los Angeles on April 12, 2015. The setting for the video is the City of London. The music video premiered on May 17, 2015, at the start of the Billboard Music Awards.  Several friends of Swift are present in the music video, such as British singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding, American entertainer Selena Gomez, and American actresses Lena Dunham and Jessica Alba.  All members of the cast chose their own names for their characters.

References

2014 songs
Pop songs
Taylor Swift songs
Robert Brian Wilson

Robert Brian Wilson (born March 8, 1962) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, singer, and voice artist. He is best known for portraying Billy Chapman in Silent Night, Deadly Night (1984).

Other websites
 

1962 births
Living people
American stand-up comedians
Singers from California
American voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from California
Comedians from California
Paradise Cay, California

Paradise Cay is an unincorporated place in Marin County, California, United States.

References 

Unincorporated communities in California
Settlements in Marin County, California
Robert Hossein

Robert Hossein (born as Hosseinoff; 30 December 1927 – 31 December 2020) was a French movie actor, director, and writer of Azerbaijani and Jewish origin. He directed the 1982 adaption of Les Misérables, and appeared in Vice and Virtue, Le Casse, Les Uns et les Autres and Venus Beauty Institute.

Hossein died on 31 December 2020 in Essey-lès-Nancy, France from COVID-19, one day after his 93rd birthday.

References

Other websites

1927 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in France
Actors from Paris
Movie directors from Paris
Writers from Paris
Volcanoes of Kamchatka

The volcanoes of Kamchatka are a large group of volcanoes situated on the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Kamchatka River and the surrounding central side valley are flanked by large volcanic belts containing around 160 volcanoes, 29 of them still active. The peninsula has  a high density of volcanoes and associated volcanic phenomena, with 29 active volcanoes being included in the six  UNESCO World Heritage List sites in the volcanoes of Kamchatka group, most of them on the Kamchatka Peninsula.

The volcanoes of Kamchatka are a large group of volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula. 29 active volcanoes are included in six  UNESCO World Heritage List sites. They are listed as the Volcanoes of Kamchatka group, and most of them are on the Kamchatka Peninsula.

The Kamchatka River and the surrounding central side valley are flanked by large volcanic belts containing around 160 volcanoes, including the 29 active ones.  

The highest volcano is Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4,750 m or 15,584 ft), the largest active volcano in the northern hemisphere. The most striking is Kronotsky, whose perfect cone was said by celebrated volcanologists Robert and Barbara Decker to be a prime candidate for the world's most beautiful volcano. 

In the center of Kamchatka is Eurasia's  world famous Geyser Valley which was partly destroyed by a massive mudslide in June 2007.

Deep seismic events and tsunamis are fairly common. Intense volcanism is caused by the subduction of the Pacific Plate. A pair of huge earthquakes occurred off the coast on October 16, 1737, and on November 4, 1952, in magnitudes ~9.3 and 8.2 respectively. More shallow earthquakes were recorded as recently as April 2006.

References 

Volcanoes of Asia
Mountains of Russia
World Heritage Sites in Russia
Siberia
Vietnam Airlines

Vietnam Airlines is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Vietnam. It was started by the government in 1956. Since June 2010, it has been a member of SkyTeam. As of 2015, Vietnam Airlines goes to 21 cities in Vietnam and 28 international cities.

References

Airlines of Asia
Saudia

Saudia (also known as Saudi Arabian Airlines) is the largest airline of Saudi Arabia. It was started in 1945 with the help of the United States government.  TWA managed the airline until the 1960s. The airline joined SkyTeam in May 2012. As of 2015, Saudia goes to 126 cities worldwide.

Gallery

References

1945 establishments in Asia
Airlines of the Middle East
James M. Beggs

James Montgomery Beggs (January 9, 1926 – April 23, 2020) was an American businessman and politician. He served as the 6th Administrator of NASA.  He was nominated by President Reagan on June 1, 1981. Beggs took his oath of office and entered the post on July 10, 1981, serving until December 4, 1985.

Beggs died on April 23, 2020 at the age of 94 at his home in Bethesda, Maryland of congestive heart failure.

References

Other websites
Portions of this article are based on public domain text from NASA.

1926 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Administrators of NASA
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Politicians from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Sean O'Keefe

Sean Charles O'Keefe (born January 27, 1956) is an American politician. He was the  former chairman of Airbus Group, Inc., former Secretary of the Navy, former Administrator of NASA, and former chancellor of Louisiana State University (LSU). He is a former member of the board of directors of DuPont.

References

1956 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of the Navy
Administrators of NASA
Businesspeople from New Orleans, Louisiana
Politicians from New Orleans, Louisiana
Administrators and Deputy Administrators of NASA

The Administrator and Deputy Administrator of NASA are the highest-ranked officials of NASA, the space agency of the United States. The Administrator serves as the senior space science adviser to the President of the United States. According to NASA, the role of the Administrator is to "lead the NASA team and manage its resources to advance the Vision for Space Exploration."

Administrators 
 Status

Deputy administrators

References
T. Keith Glennan

Thomas Keith Glennan (September 8, 1905 – April 11, 1995) was an American politician. He was the first Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, serving from August 19, 1958 to January 20, 1961.

1905 births
1995 deaths
Administrators of NASA
Politicians from North Dakota
Theo Saat

Theodorus Antoon "Theo" Saat (13 May 1928 – 2 June 2015) was a Dutch sprinter. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. He was born in Arnhem, Gelderland.

Saat died on 2 June 2015 in Noordwijk, South Holland, aged 87.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
1952 Summer Olympics
Dutch Olympians
People from Arnhem
Sportspeople from Gelderland
Sprinters
Robert A. Frosch

Robert Alan Frosch FREng (born May 22, 1928) is an American scientist. He was the fifth administrator of NASA from 1977 to 1981 during the Carter administration.

References

1928 births
Living people
Administrators of NASA
Scientists from New York City
Hans Mark

Hans Michael Mark (June 17, 1929 – December 18, 2021) was a German-born American physicist and politician. He was the Secretary of the Air Force between 1979 until 1981. He was the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office between 1977 until 1979.

Mark was born in Mannheim, Germany. Because he was partly of Jewish descent his father Herman Francis Mark fled with the family into the United States.

Mark died on December 18, 2021 in Austin, Texas from dementia-related problems at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
University of Texas biography
NASA biography

1929 births
2021 deaths
Administrators of NASA
American academics
American physicists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Mannheim
Refugees from Nazism
United States Secretaries of the Air Force
Deaths from dementia
United States Secretary of the Air Force

The  Secretary of the Air Force (SecAF, or SAF/OS) is the Head of the Department of the Air Force. It is an organization within the Department of Defense of the United States of America. 

The Secretary of the Air Force is appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Secretary reports to the Secretary of Defense and/or the Deputy Secretary of Defense, and is by statute responsible for and has the authority to conduct all the affairs of the Department of the Air Force.

References
Sadun Boro

Sadun Boro (1928 – 5 June 2015) is an Turkish sailor and writer. He was the first Turkish person to circumnavigate the globe, sailing from 22 August 1965 until 15 June 1968.

Boro was born in Istanbul. He was married to Oda Boro and had a daughter.

Boro died from bladder cancer on 5 June 2015 in Marmaris. He was 87.

References

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from bladder cancer
Disease-related deaths in Turkey
Engineers
Sailors
Writers from Istanbul