cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Bou Craa

Bou Craa is a town in Western Sahara, about  from El Aaiún. It is a mining town, where  phosphate is mined. The world's ongest conveyor belt connects it to the coast neare El Aaiún. Boucraa contains the largest known reserves of phosphate.

Settlements in Western Sahara
Mug Root Beer

Mug Root Beer is a root beer beverage made by PepsiCo. The beverage dates back to the early to mid 1940s in San Francisco, where the beverage was first produced. There are regular and diet versions. There is also Mug Cream Soda.

Soft drinks
Fermat's little theorem

Fermat's little theorem is a theorem from number theory. It is named after Pierre de Fermat who found it in the 17th century. It is about the properties of primes. It says that if a is a number, and p is a prime number, then in the notation of modular Arithmetic, it can be expressed as,

If a is not a multiple of p, then the following is often used:

Theorems in number theory
Gender role

Gender role is the idea that people should behave in certain ways because of their gender. As an example, in a hunter-gatherer economy, men usually do more hunting and women do more gathering. In a money economy, it was traditionally the role of the man to earn money, and the role of the woman to educate the children. Such behavior may be a result of social and cultural factors. In the case it is the result of socialization.  There is still a discussion to what extent the observed behaviour is a function of the personality, and to what extent social factors play a role in the determination of gender-specific differences in behaviour.

Gender roles are dependent on the culture and history of the society that they are part of. While most cultures express two genders, some express more. Androgyny, for example, has been proposed as a third gender. Other societies have been claimed to have more than five genders, and some non-Western ones have three genders – man, woman and third gender. Gender expression refers to the external manifestation of one's gender identity, through "masculine," "feminine," or gender-variant or gender neutral behavior, clothing, hairstyles, or body characteristics.

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women says that stereotyped gender role should be abolished.

References

Sociology
Dryadoideae

The Dryadoideae subfamily of the Rosaceae consists of four genera. These genera are unusual in the family Rosaceae because they all have the nitrogen-fixing bacteria called Frankia in their roots. Dryadoideae plants are subshrubs, shrubs, or small trees. Their fruits are either an achene or an aggregate of achenes.

Notes

Rosaceae
Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec

Mont-St-Hilaire is a small town in the province of Quebec. This small city is along the Richelieu River on the south shore of Montreal city. In 2011, Mont-St-Hilaire had a population of 18 000 citizens. There are many new neighborhoods on the mountain side.

History
The first Lord of Mont-St-Hilaire was Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville in 1694. Mr. Hertel bought the mountain before anyone was living there. In 1745, the first village was built. In 1768, the first road "Chemin de La Montagne" was built to give access to the first citizens.

In 1837, the Mont St-Hilaire’s church was built. In 1898, a famous painter named Ozias Leduc painted the church. The sculptor Jodi Bonnet and the painters Ozias Leduc and Paul-Émile Borduas lived in the town.

Activity 
Many activities are available in this small city. You could hiking in the mountain, picking apple, or to get one the bicycle on the cycle track

References

Settlements in Quebec
Horse harness

A horse harness is a piece of equipment that allows a horse to pull a vehicle such as a carriage, wagon or sleigh. Harnesses may also be used to hitch animals to other loads such as a plough. Harnesses can be in leather or in biothane with stainless or chrome. Draft horses can be hitched on a cart: two-wheel buggies, or wagons.  Light horses can be hitched on sulky, four-wheel buggies or antic wagons.

Horses
Kale

Kale is a vegetable with green or purple leaves.  It is also called borecole. It is in the group of vegetables called Brassica oleracea or wild cabbage. It is cruciferous because of the shape of its flowers.

A plant that would have been first cultivated in the Mediterranean area, it was called in these times cabbage well before the well rounded variety existed.  Kale was a significant crop in Roman times; it became a basic staple for peasants in the Middle Ages and it was brought in the United States by the English in the XVII century.

Kale is one of the most resistant from the cabbage family; it can support temperatures as low as -­15 °C but it doesn’t sustain high temperatures. Since it resists to cold temperatures and grows easily, kale was for a long time a very appreciated winter vegetable especially in Scotland, Germany, Holland and Scandinavia. Today, it is eaten the world over.

Kale has large stringy leaves, very curly, with a well-marked flavor. Their color varies from pale green to dark green, sometimes to blue-tinted green. Those leaves are not well rounded, a characteristic expressed by the Latin word which describes this variety of cabbage « acephala » and which means « without head ». Those leaves surmount a fine whitish and very fibrous stem, it can measure from 30 to 40 cm. Kale is so decorative that ornamental varieties were developed.

Nutrients

Kale is an excellent source of vitamin K, C, A and manganese; it is a very good source of fiber, copper, tryptophan, calcium, vitamin B6 and potassium.  Kale is a good source of iron, magnesium, vitamin E, omega 3 fats, vitamin B2, protein, vitamin B1, folate, phosphorus and vitamin B3.

Usage 

Kale is rarely eaten raw.  We can add it sparingly to salads.  It transmits its well-marked taste to soups and stews.  You can blanch it to attenuate its flavour.  Kale is delicious coated with sauce, sprinkled with cheese or in purée (alone or with mashed potatoes).

Cooking 

Choose kale with firm leaves, well colored and relatively small, without stain or mold. One cup cooked makes 130 grams. Cut the leaves around the stem, cut the core, separate each leaf.  Wash well with running water or with vinegary water to remove dirt and bugs that could remain.  We cook kale in water or we steam it from 20 to 30 min, braised in a slow cooker, stuffed or sautéed in a wok.

Preservation 

Put the kale leaves very tight rather than loose in refrigerator without washing it, inside a perforated plastic bag.  It can be kept in this way from five to ten days, but it is more flavorful and less bitter when it is eaten rapidly.  Kale can be frozen after having been blanched two to three minutes, until the leaves soften a bit.

References

Leaf vegetables
Vegetables 
Brassica oleracea
Dakhla, Western Sahara

Dakhla (Berber: ⴷⴰⵅⵍⴰ) is a city in the south of Morocco. It lies about  south of El Aaiún. When South Morocco was under Spanish rule the name of the city was Villa Cisneros. The city was founded in the 16th century. Today, its main economic activities are fishing and tourism. In 2004,  55,618 people lived there.  The city is built on a narrow peninsula of the Atlantic Coast.

There is a paved road that runs through the desert for about  to the estuary of Wadi Draa. There are almost no settlements south of Dakla, to the border with Mauritania. Nouadhibou, in Mauritania is about  to the south.

There are daily bus connections form Dakhla to the north. There are no public transport connections to Mauritania to the south.

References

Other websites

Settlements in Western Sahara
Belsize Park

Belsize Park is an area in the London Borough of Camden in northwest London.

Areas of London
London Borough of Camden
Boeing 377

The Boeing 377, sometimes called the Stratocruiser, was an airliner made by Boeing after World War II. It was made from the C-97 Stratofreighter, which was a type of Boeing B-29 Superfortress used to move troops around. The Stratocruiser first took off on July 8, 1947.

The Stratocruiser had four piston engines. It had a pressurized cabin and two decks. Airlines could fly for much longer with the Stratocruiser, to places like Hawaii.

However, the Stratocruiser was a lot more expensive than the Douglas DC-6 and Lockheed Constellation. Only 55 Stratocruisers were made for airlines.

Design and development
The Boeing 377 used the bottom and the wings of the B-50 Superfortress. The 377 was bigger than the Lockheed Constellation and Douglas DC-6 and it could fly for longer. Boeing stopped making the 377 in 1950.

Pressurization (first used on the Boeing 307) meant that if the plane was flying at , to the passengers it would be like they were on the ground.

History
56 Stratocruisers were made. 55 of these were made for airlines.

The Stratocruiser flew to Hawaii as well as many other places. It was one of the only planes with two decks (another one was the Breguet Deux-Ponts) until the Boeing 747 was made.

In the early 1960s the Stratocruiser was overtaken by jet planes like the de Havilland Comet, Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8.

Different types of Boeing 377

377-10-19
Prototype. It was given to Pan American World Airways in 1950.
377-10-26
20 given to Pan American World Airways.
377-10-26S
10 aircraft with better engines and more fuel. It was called the "Super Stratocruiser".

Many other types were made, but most of them only had changes made to the shape of the windows.

Aero Spacelines Guppy

A company called Aero Spacelines started changing 377s to planes called Guppies in 1960s. There were three types: the Pregnant Guppy, Super Guppy, and Mini Guppy.

The first of them was the Pregnant Guppy. After this they made the Super Guppy and then the Mini Guppy. The Super Guppy and the Mini Guppy had turboprop engines.

Users

Ecuador
Línea Internacional Aérea
Israel
Israeli Air Force
United Kingdom
British Overseas Airways Corporation
United States
American Overseas Airlines
Northwest Orient Airlines
Pan American World Airways
Transocean Air Lines
United Airlines
Venezuela
Rutas Aéreas Nacionales SA

Accidents

The Stratocruiser had 13 hull-loss accidents between 1951 and 1970. A hull-loss accident is when a plane is damaged so badly it cannot be fixed. 140 people died in these. The worst accident happened on April 29, 1952.

Details (377)

Related pages

References
Notes

Bibliography
 
Boeing 377 – Stratocruiser A very comprehensive enthusiast page on the type
The Aviation History On-Line Museum – Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
California Classic – The Boeing Model 377 Stratocruiser
Air Disaster, Vol. 4: The Propeller Era, by Macarthur Job, Aerospace Publications Pty. Ltd. (Australia), 2001

Other websites

 Stratocruiser articles
 Anak (Israeli Boeing 377)

377
Trading Places

Trading Places is a 1983 American comedy movie. It is a satire directed by John Landis. It is set in Philadelphia and New York City. It stars Dan Aykroyd, Eddie Murphy, Ralph Bellamy, Don Ameche, Denholm Elliott and Jamie Lee Curtis.

Other websites 

1983 comedy movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Trading movies
Movies directed by John Landis
Paramount Pictures movies
Kabbalah

Kabbalah (also Cabala or Qabbālâ) is a Jewish mysticism of the Torah. The kabbalah started in the 1st-century by Rabbi Simeon bar Yochai. It continued in the 13th century in Spain by Rabbi Moses de León. It tries to explain how something beyond thought and imagining can still be seen and felt. The kabbalah has a great influence on the Jewish spiritual life. It is based on the various spiritual movements.

Tree of Life 
The kabbalah is based on the tree of the 10 Sephirot called the "Tree of Life". In the tree are presented the 10 powers that affect each domain in the world.

Other websites 

 Cabala - 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia's scholarship view
 Kabbalah Red Bracelets - Information about Kabbalah Bracelets, history and meaining
 Don Karr's Bibliographic Surveys of contemporary academic scholarship on all traditions of Kabbalah
 "What is Kabbalah?" - Article from Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidism at Chabad.org
 Kabbalah and Jewish Mysticism - Kabbalah article at JewFaq.org
 Kabbalah.com - Official site of the Kabbalah Centre
 Kabbalah.info - Official site of Bnei Baruch
 Kabbalaonline.org  - Orthodox kabbalah reference portal

Esotericism
Judaism
Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy is a medical procedure which is used to look at the inside of a person's airway's. It can be used to see the inside of the trachea, and the bronchi and bronchioles within the lungs. There are three types of bronchoscopy: rigid, flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and CT virtual bronchoscopy (CTVB).

Rigid bronchoscopy
Rigid bronchoscopy is a straight rigid tube used to see into the trachea and proximal bronchi. It is usually done in an operating room under general anesthesia. It is usually used when there is a blockage in either the trachea or the primary bronchi. The diameter of the tube is large enough to insert instruments to remove obstructions.

Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy
During the procedure, a thin, flexible fiberoptic tube called a bronchoscope. is passed through the nose or mouth nose into the airways. The bronchoscope has a light and a camera which lets the doctor see into the airway.

CT virtual bronchoscopy
This technique uses data from multiple CT scans to create a three dimensional (3D) image. This allows doctors to see what is going on without having to operate.

References

Medical procedures
Respiratory system
Hibiscus trionum

Hibiscus trionum is an annual plant that is native to the east of the Mediterranean in the Levant. 

It has spread both because people grow it as a garden plant, and because it can grow as a weed. The plant grows to a height of 20-50 cm, sometimes as much as 80 cm, and has white or yellow flowers with a purple centre. Common names for the same plant include bladder hibiscus, bladder ketmia, bladder weed, flower-of-an-hour, flower-of-the-hour, modesty, puarangi, shoofly, and venice mallow.

References

Other websites 

 missouriplants.com: Hibiscus trionum 
 Flower of an hour

Malvaceae
Flowers
Golders Green

Golders Green is a suburban area in the London Borough of Barnet in northwest London. Many Jews live in Golders Green.

Areas of London
London Borough of Barnet
Neil Clark Warren

Dr. Neil Clark Warren (born September 18, 1934) is an American Christian theologian, inspirational speaker, chairman and co-founder of the online dating services eHarmony and Compatible Partners.

Warren was born on September 18, 1934 in Urbandale, Iowa. He was raised in both Des Moines, Iowa and in Chicago, Illinois. Warren studied at Pepperdine University, at the Princeton Theological Seminary, and at the University of Chicago. He now lives in Kennebunkport, Maine.

References

Other websites
Interview with Warren on Fresh Air with Terry Gross, addressing the issue of providing services to those seeking same-sex matches. Audio file.
Q&A with Warren on National Review, with comments on eHarmony demographics.

1934 births
Living people
American Christians
Christian theologians
American theologians
Chief executives
Businesspeople from Chicago
Businesspeople from Iowa
Writers from Des Moines, Iowa
Peter Yarrow

Peter Yarrow (born May 31, 1938) is an American singer. He is known for his songs such as "Puff, the Magic Dragon", "Lemon Tree", and "I'm In Love with a Big Blue Frog". He is also a political activist and supported veterans' rights.

Yarrow was born on May 31, 1938 in New York City, New York to a Ukrainian-Jewish family. He studied at High School of Music and Art and at Cornell University. Yarrow is married to Mary Beth McCarthy (niece of Eugene McCarthy). They have two children.

References

Other websites
Peter Yarrow in-depth candid video interview on The Alcove with Mark Molaro

1938 births
Living people
American activists
American guitarists
American record producers
Jewish activists
Jewish American musicians
Jewish businesspeople
Musicians from New York City
Singer-songwriters from New York
Singers from New York City
Warner Bros. Records artists
Simon of Cyrene

Simon of Cyrene is a man who was forced by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus. He is found in the Gospel of Luke, the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Mark.

Other websites

Ancient Israeli people
Early Christian saints
New Testament people
James T. Kirk

James Tiberius Kirk is a fictional character in the television and movie franchise Star Trek. He the captain of the Starship Enterprise. He served on not only The Original Series but after that they began to record movies and in the first movie, we see the Enterprise refit with rectangular nacelles. James T. Kirk died in the deflector room of the USS Enterprise NCC-1701-B but later dying on the planet in Star Trek: Generations. This is the last movie with the character Captain James Kirk until the 2009 movie when Chris Pine plays him. He is played by Chris Pine twice more in the next two movies.   Kirk is played by actor William Shatner and by Chris Pine.

References

Star Trek: The Original Series characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1966
Long Thanh International Airport

Long Thanh International Airport () is a planned international airport (under contruction) in Long Thanh, Dong Nai Province, in southern Vietnam. The airport is planned to be open in 2025.

Other websites 
The Long Thanh International Airport project approved  dongnai.gov.vn, August 8, 2006
 Southern province to see new airport  Viet Nam News, June 26, 2004
Airport & Ground Support Equipment (AGSE) in Vietnam by Le Son (11/25/2005)
Vietnam: Opportunity for Bidding for Masterplan of USD $8-Billion Long Thanh International Airport by Le Son (February 15, 2007)

Airports in Vietnam
A Room with a View (movie)

A Room with a View is a 1985 British romantic drama movie. It is based on the novel of the same name by E.M. Forster. It was directed by James Ivory and produced by Ismail Merchant. It is set in Florence, Italy and in Surrey, England during the 1900s. It stars Helena Bonham Carter, Maggie Smith, Julian Sands, Denholm Elliott, Daniel Day-Lewis, Judi Dench and Simon Callow.

Other websites 

1985 romance movies
1985 drama movies
1980s romantic drama movies
Academy Award winning movies
BAFTA Award winning movies
British romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Florence
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Italy
Movies set in the 1900s
Surrey
Movies directed by James Ivory
Public broadcasting

Public broadcasting is television or radio broadcasting which is not run for profit. In some cases, it is state-owned. Examples include the BBC in the UK, PBS in the United States, CBC in Canada and NHK in Japan.

Other websites
PBS

Mass media
Brookline, Massachusetts

Brookline is a city in Massachusetts. It is west of Boston, Massachusetts. The 2010 United States Census reported that Brookline's population is 58,732. The city was settled in 1638. Brookline was incorporated in 1705.

Notable people
 Michael Bloomberg, former Mayor of New York City 
Members of the Kennedy Family
John F. Kennedy, former President of the United States
Ted Kennedy, former United States Senator
Eunice Kennedy Shriver 
Kathleen Agnes Kennedy Cavendish 
Rosemary Kennedy 
Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr.
Patricia Kennedy 
Robert F. Kennedy, former United States Senator and United States Attorney General  
Jean Kennedy Smith 
Michael Dukakis, the 1988 Presidential election Democratic candidate and former Governor of Massachusetts 
Mike Wallace, former journalist

References

Other websites
 

Cities in Massachusetts
1638 establishments in Massachusetts
Children's literature

Children's literature refers to books written for children and young people. Many famous authors wrote for children including Hans Christian Andersen, Beatrix Potter, Dr. Seuss, A.A. Milne, J. M. Barrie, Edith Nesbit, Enid Blyton, Lewis Carroll, Astrid Lindgren, JRR Tolkien and C. S. Lewis. The Newbery Medal is an award given to writers for children.

Classification
Children's literature can be divided into several categories, but it is most easily categorised by genre or the intended age of the reader. An example of a classification based on age is young-adult fiction, which is written for children between the ages of 12 and 18.

A literary genre is the style of the book. It also refers to the technique, tone, content, or length.
 Picture books, including books that teach the alphabet or counting for example. They either have very few words or none at all.
 Traditional literature, including folktales, which convey the legends, customs, superstitions, and beliefs of people in previous civilizations. This genre can be further broken into subgenres: myths, fables, legends, and fairy tales
 Fiction, including fantasy, realistic fiction, and historical fiction
 Non-fiction
 Biography and autobiography
 Poetry

Many children's books are meant to teach children the consequences of engaging in "bad" behaviour, such as running away, stealing and lying. Tom Sawyer and Toby Tyler are two notable examples of the genre.

 
Fiction
Deborah Jeane Palfrey

Deborah Jeane Palfrey (March 18, 1956 - May 1, 2008) was an American businesswoman and criminal. She was best known by the name she was given by the media, the D.C. Madam. Palfrey operated an escort agency, Pamela Martin and Associates, in Washington D.C. She was convicted on April 15, 2008 of racketeering, using the mail for illegal purposes, and money laundering. Two weeks later, at age 52, she was found hanged in a garage. Autopsy results and the police said her death was a suicide.
 
Palfrey was born in the Pittsburgh suburb of Charleroi, Pennsylvania. She grew up in Orlando, Florida.

References

1956 births
2008 deaths
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Criminals from Pennsylvania
Criminals who committed suicide
People from Orlando, Florida
Suicides by hanging in the United States
Fumihiko Maki

is a Japanese architect. 

In 1993, he won the Pritzker Architecture Prize.

References

More reading
 Maki, Fumihiko, "Investigations in Collective Form" , A Special Publication Number 2, The School of Architecture, Washington University : St. Louis : June 1964

Other websites

Maki and Associates website 
 

1928 births
Living people
Japanese architects
Harvard University alumni
Pritzker Prize winners
People from Tokyo
Division of Yarra

The Division of Yarra was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. It was located in inner eastern suburban Melbourne, and was named after the Yarra River. It originally covered the suburbs of Abbotsford, Collingwood, Richmond and part of Fitzroy. By 1969, it no longer covered Abbotsford or Fitzroy, but included Burnley and Hawthorn. Yarra was one of the original 75 divisions set up for the first Federal election in 1901. It was abolished in 1969.

Members

It was a very safe Labor seat.  It was held by only four people--Frank Tudor, a leader of the Australian Labor Party; James Scullin, the 13th Prime Minister of Australia; Stan Keon, an important figure in the ALP-DLP Split; and Jim Cairns, who later became Deputy Prime Minister of Australia.

Yarra
Victoria, Australia
1901 establishments in Australia
1969 disestablishments in Australia
Betty Mars

Betty Mars (30 July 1944-20 February 1989) was a French actress. She acted mostly in foreign movies. Mars was also a singer. She jumped out an apartment window and died three weeks later. Her death was declared a suicide.

French movie actors
Singers
1944 births
1989 deaths
Actors who committed suicide
Daequan Cook

Daequan Cook (born April 28, 1987) is an American professional basketball player who currently plays for the Chicago Bulls of the NBA since 2013. He played for the Oklahoma City Thunder from 2010 through 2012. Then he played for the Houston Rockets from 2012 through 2013.

Cook was born on April 28, 1987 in Dayton, Ohio. He studied at Paul Laurence Dunbar High School.

References

Other websites
Daequan Cook Fan Forum 

1987 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
Oklahoma City Thunder players
Houston Rockets players
Chicago Bulls players
Sportspeople from Dayton, Ohio
American basketball players
Jimmy Butler

Jimmy Butler III (born September 14, 1989) is an American professional basketball player who got drafted 30th overall in 2011 to the Chicago Bulls. He now is currently plays for the Miami Heat of the NBA.

Butler was born on September 14, 1989 in Houston, Texas. He studied at Tomball High School. Then went to Tyler Junior College (2007-2008), after that he went to Marquette University (2008-2011). Jimmy Butler is among few NBA players to play 4 years in college.

References

Other websites
Big East for Jimmy Butler
Jimmy Butler bio-GoMarquette.com 

1989 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
Chicago Bulls players
Miami Heat players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
Philadelphia 76ers players
Sportspeople from Houston, Texas
American basketball players
Alan Kalter

Alan Robert Kalter (March 21, 1943 – October 4, 2021) was an American television announcer. He was best known as the announcer for the Late Show with David Letterman, starting in 1995 until his retirement in 2015.

Kalter was born on March 21, 1943 in New York City, New York. He was raised in Brooklyn, New York. Kalter studied at Hobart College. He was married to Carol Cepler until they divorced. He married Peggy Masterson in 2003. 

Kalter died at a hospital in Stamford, Connecticut on October 4, 2021, at age 78.

References

Other websites
 

1943 births
2021 deaths
American television presenters
Television personalities from New York City
People from Stamford, Connecticut
Andrea Feldman

Andrea Feldman (April 1, 1948 - August 8, 1972) was an American actress. She acted in several notable movies. She was born in New York City. She committed suicide by jumping from a fourteen floor building.

People who committed suicide
American movie actors
1948 births
1972 deaths
Actors from New York City
Bill Wendell

Bill Wendell (William Joseph Wenzel, Jr.; March 22, 1924 – April 14, 1999) was an American NBC television announcer. He was the announcer for the Late Show with David Letterman from 1993 until he retired in 1995.

Wendell was born on March 22, 1924 in New York City, New York. He studied at Fordham University. Wendell died on April 14, 1999 in Boca Raton, Florida from cancer, aged 75.

References

Other websites
 
 Obituary in The New York Times, April 15, 1999.
 Obituary in Variety, May 25, 1999.

1924 births
1999 deaths
Deaths from cancer
American television presenters
Television personalities from New York City
Boca Raton, Florida
Roland Burris

Roland Wallace Burris (born August 3, 1937) is an American politician. He was a United States Senator from the state of Illinois. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

In 1978, Burris was the first African-American elected to statewide office in Illinois, when he was elected Illinois Comptroller. He was in that office until his election as Illinois Attorney General in 1990. Since then, he has unsuccessfully run for office four more times.

Burris was born on August 3, 1937 in Centralia, Illinois. He studied at Centralia High School, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, at the University of Hamburg in Germany, and at Howard University School of Law.

Burris is married to Berlean Miller. They have two children. He has lived in Chatham, Chicago, Illinois since the 1980s. He built his own tomb at the Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago.

References

Other websites

1937 births
Living people
United States senators from Illinois
US Democratic Party politicians
Politicians from Chicago
Lawyers from Chicago
Libby Holman

Elizabeth Lloyd "Libby" Holman (née Holzman; May 23, 1904 – June 18, 1971) was an American stage actress and singer. She also acted in a few movies. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. On June 18, 1971 near Stamford, Connecticut, Holman committed suicide using carbon monoxide. Holman was 67 when she died.

American stage actors
American movie actors
American musical theatre actors
Actors from Cincinnati, Ohio
People who committed suicide
1904 births
1971 deaths
Natural killer T cell

Natural killer T cells (NKT) are cells formed from small lymphocytes. They are a type of T cell, and are different from natural killer cells (NK). NKT cells are important, but make up only 0.1% of all peripheral blood T cells.

NKT cells are a subset of T cells which also have molecular markers normally associated with NK cells. They are important in recognizing glycolipids from organisms such as mycobacterium, which cause tuberculosis.

NKT cells seem to be essential for several aspects of immunity because their dysfunction or deficiency leads to the development of autoimmune diseases (such as diabetes and atherosclerosis) and cancer. NKT cells have recently been implicated in the disease progression of human asthma.

The clinical potential of NKT cells lies in the rapid release of cytokines that promote or suppress different immune responses.

References 

Blood cells
Tell Me Something I Don't Know

"Tell Me Something I Don't Know" is a song by Selena Gomez. It was released as a single on August 5, 2008 on iTunes. A Radio Disney version (which removes the Hurricane Katrina reference) was released on September 9, 2008, on iTunes. The song is on the Kidz Bop 15 CD. A new version of the song is on Selena Gomez & the Scene's debut album, Kiss & Tell.

Chart performance
The song peaked at number 58 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart at 13 on the Australian Hitseekers Singles chart and at 1 on the Malaysia Muzik Singles & Urban Chart.

Music video
The music video starts with scenes reminiscent of (but not from) the film; Gomez cleaning a house and the maid yelling at her. Gomez then leaves the house and does a dance routine with her backup dancers, while the maid watches from the house window. The video also features Gomez in front of a black background with lyrics from the song (such as "I'm ready for it" and "One in a million") flying around her.

Charts

Release history

2008 songs
Selena Gomez songs
Melody Anderson

Melody Anderson (born December 3, 1955) is an Canadian singer, actress and public speaker. Her roles in movies happened mostly in the 1960s and 1970s, though she continued acting until around the mid 1990s. Anderson was born in Edmonton, Alberta.

Canadian movie actors
Canadian singers
1955 births
Living people
Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis in which the wall of the artery has lesions. These lesions may lead to narrowing due to the buildup of atheromatous plaque. There are usually no symptoms. 

When severe, it can cause coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, or kidney failure.

References

Cardiovascular system
June Allyson

June Allyson (October 7, 1917 – July 8, 2006) was an American movie, television, and stage actress. She was born in the Bronx, New York City. She died from bronchitis and respiratory failure.

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 
 Joe Daurril's Allyson Without Tears
 Obituary in the Los Angeles Daily News
 Obituary in The New York Times (July 11, 2006)
 Photographs and literature

American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
1917 births
2006 deaths
Actors from New York City
Deaths from respiratory failure
Deaths from bronchitis
Interferon

Interferons (IFNs) are proteins released by body cells in response to pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites or to tumor cells. They allow cells to trigger the defenses of the immune system.

IFNs belong to the large class of glycoproteins known as cytokines.  Interferons are named after their ability to "interfere" with virus replication inside host cells. 

IFNs also have other functions: 
they activate immune cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages; 
they increase recognition of infection or tumor cells by up-regulating antigen presentation to T lymphocytes; 
they increase the ability of uninfected host cells to resist new infection by virus.  Certain symptoms, such as aching muscles and fever, are related to the production of IFNs during infection.

About ten distinct IFNs have been identified in mammals; seven of these have been described for humans. All IFNs are very important for fighting viral infections.

Immunology
Molecular biology
Meta Platforms

Meta Platforms, Inc., known before 2021 as Facebook, Inc., is an American multinational Internet corporation which owns Facebook. It was owned by Mark Zuckerberg, other founders and the shared ownership given to its employees but it went public on February 1, 2012, and was headquartered in Menlo Park, California. Meta, Inc. started selling stock on the NASDAQ on May 18, 2012.

References

Other websites 
 

 
2004 establishments in the United States
Companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Companies listed on NASDAQ
Menlo Park, California
Angela Bettis

Angela Bettis (born January 9, 1973) is an American movie, television, and stage actress. She was born in Austin, Texas. In the 2002 telefilm Carrie, Angela, Jodelle Ferland and the baby replaced Sissy Spacek for being Carrie.

American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Austin, Texas
1973 births
Living people
Culver's

Culver's is an American fast food franchise. The company was founded in 1984. It operates primarily in the Midwest, though the company has plans to expand beyond there. Culver's sells frozen custard, burgers, fried chicken and salad.

American fast food restaurants
1984 establishments in the United States
M.U.G.E.N.

M.U.G.E.N. (or simply known as MUGEN) is a modifiable 2D fighting game engine that was created by Elecbyte and initially released in 1999. It was programmed in C, which was originally used in Allegro library, and it compared to 5 versions: DOS MUGEN, Winmugen, Linux Mugen, Mugen 1.0  and Mugen 1.1 as the latest release.

The Japanese term mugen means dream, fantasy or infinite.

History

In 1999, Elecbyte had a plan to create a customizable original fighting game engine, DOS-MUGEN. Then later, they created the first original MUGEN character called Kung Fu Man, among with 2 non-playable characters according to the intro and ending storyboards. Aside from it, the engine was released on July 17, 2001. It works platforms such as DOS Mugen, Winmugen and Linux Mugen which is allowed the users to customize before they distribute their website. DOS Mugen was ceased when Elecbyte switched into Linux platform in November 2001. Elecbyte had a request for donations in their site to legally obtain a Windows compiler to create a Windows version of M.U.G.E.N. However, the developers discontinued the project in 2003 and their website was shut off afterwards. Later, they speculated leaks to make public of a private Windows-based beta that was provided to donators. The public beta of Winmugen was released with "no limit" hack after their development.

In January 2011, they decided to create the latest release of previous versions, Mugen 1.0. It has more game features like victory screen to show the win quote of a character.

Gameplay

It is a 7-button (A,B, C, X, Y, Z and Start) game which includes Joystick, arrow keys, letters, number keys, number lock keys and function keys (for debugging). The main mode in menu screen is Arcade Mode, where you can choose only 1 character if you want to play it and fight random characters like other fighting games, especially Team Arcade and Team Co-op modes. VS mode is a 2-player challenge where you can play against your friend. In Team Arcade and Team VS modes, you can play with 1 non-playable character to beat opponents, excluding Team Co-op and Survival Co-op modes. In Survival mode, it is the endless stream of opponents where you can fight them. In Watch mode, you can see the characters with AI during the fight but you can't play as the character unless you press function that turn into playable character if the option of debugging keys is on.

Other websites
 Official Elecbyte Website 
 Mugen Files

1999 video games
Fighting games
DOS games
The Shirelles

The Shirelles were a popular American girl group. They were very active from 1957 to 1982. Some of their songs were "I Met Him on a Sunday" and "Tonight's the Night". This group had four African American female singers. They had many hit records. The group broke apart in the very early 1980s.

The group was formed by Shirley Owens (later Shirley Alston Reeves) who was the lead singer. At one time they had six songs in the Top Ten. 

Two of their songs, "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" (written by Carole King) and "Tonight's the Night", were selected by Rolling Stone on its list of the greatest songs of all time. Their song "soldier Boy" sold over five million copies.

References

American girl groups
1957 establishments in the United States
1982 disestablishments in the United States
Musical groups established in 1957
Musical groups disestablished in 1982
20th-century establishments in New Jersey
1980s disestablishments in New Jersey
The Blossoms

The Blossoms were a popular girl group from California. It rose to fame during the 1960s. They sang R&B, pop and rock. The group had many hit songs and records. Darlene Love often sang with them. The prominent members of the group were Fanita James, Gloria Jones, Darlene Love, Jean King  and Annette Williams.

The Blossoms broke up in 1990.

American girl groups
American musical groups
1990 disestablishments in the United States
Musical groups disestablished in 1990
Dulwich

Dulwich ( ) is a wealthy area in the London Borough of Southwark in south London.

Related pages
Dulwich College

Other websites
Dulwich community website including history

Areas of London
London Borough of Southwark
Barnes, London

Barnes is an area in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in southwest London.

Areas of London
London Borough of Richmond
Justin Martyr

Justin Martyr (100-165 AD), also known as Saint Justin, was an early Christian from Nablus on the West Bank, who was martyred in Rome. He is known for his writings defending Christianity.

References

2nd-century births
165 deaths
Christian saints
Streatham

Streatham is a very green area, with a large common. There are formal Victorian Gardens hidden at the top of Streatham Common called The Rookery. There is also a free children's paddling pool which is filled only in the summer months. It is in the London Borough of Lambeth in South London.

Streatham has the longest high street in Europe with many great shops and restaurants along it as well as streatham odeon, streatham leisure centre, and trio pizzeria.

Areas of London
London Borough of Lambeth
Field Museum of Natural History

The Field Museum of Natural History (or Field Museum) is in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.. It is on Lake Shore Drive next to Lake Michigan. The museum has more than 21 million exhibits.

History 
The museum was founded in 1893 and had used old exhibitions that were shown from the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, including exhibits about trains.

The Field Museum has a large collection of dinosaur skeletons in the Evolving Planet exhibit. The human cultural anthropology exhibits have things from ancient Egypt, the Pacific Northwest, the Pacific Islands, and Tibet. The taxidermy collection has many large animals, including two African elephants and the Lions of Tsavo featured in the 1996 movie The Ghost and the Darkness. 

The Ancient Americas exhibit has Native American artifacts. The museum also has Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus skeleton  in the world.

References

Other websites

The Field Museum

Museums in Chicago
1893 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in Illinois
Natural history museums
List of colleges and universities in Vermont

In the state of Vermont, United States, there are 23 colleges and universities. This includes one research university, six master's universities, an art school, a culinary school, a law school. 

The state's largest school is its public university, the University of Vermont.

Institutions

References and notes

General

Specific

Other websites
Consortium of Vermont Colleges
Department of Education listing of accredited institutions in Vermont

Lists of colleges and universities
Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago)

The Museum of Science and Industry (or MSI) is in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.. It is in Jackson Park, in the Hyde Park neighborhood between Lake Michigan and The University of Chicago. The museum was sponsored by Julius Rosenwald, the Sears, Roebuck and Company president and philanthropist. It was supported by the Commercial Club of Chicago. It opened in 1933 during the Century of Progress Exposition.

MSI is the largest science museum in the Western Hemisphere. It has a full-size replica coal mine, a German submarine (U-505) captured during World War II, a 3,500-square-foot (330 m2) model railroad, the first diesel-powered streamlined stainless-steel passenger train (Pioneer Zephyr), and the Apollo 8 spacecraft that carried the first humans to the Moon.

References

Other websites

Museum website
Commercials and news clips  at The Museum of Classic Chicago Television

Museums in Chicago
1933 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in Illinois
Shedd Aquarium

Shedd Aquarium (formally the John G. Shedd Aquarium) is an indoor public aquarium in Chicago, Illinois in the U.S.. It opened on May 30, 1930. The aquarium has more than 25,000 fish. It was the largest indoor aquarium in the world until the Georgia Aquarium opened in 2005. The aquarium holds 5,000,000 US gallons (19,000,000 l; 4,200,000 imp gal) of water. The Shedd Aquarium was the first inland aquarium with a permanent saltwater fish collection. It is surrounded by Museum Campus Chicago, which includes the Adler Planetarium and the Field Museum of Natural History. It is named after businessman John G. Shedd. 

The aquarium has 2 million annual visitors. It was the most visited aquarium in the U.S. in 2005. In 2007, it was the most popular cultural attraction in Chicago. It contains 1,500 species including fish, marine mammals, birds, snakes, amphibians, and insects. The aquarium received awards for best exhibit from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) for Seahorse Symphony in 1999, Amazon Rising in 2001, and Wild Reef in 2004.

References

Other websites

Commercials  at The Museum of Classic Chicago Television

Museums in Chicago
Aquariums
1930 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in Illinois
Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum

The Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum is a planetarium in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.. It was the first planetarium built in the Western Hemisphere and is the oldest in existence. The planetarium was founded and built in 1930 by the philanthropist Max Adler, with the assistance of the first director of the planetarium, Philip Fox. The Adler Planetarium opened to the public on May 12, 1930.

The planetarium is on Northerly Island. It is part of Chicago's Museum Campus, along with the John G. Shedd Aquarium and the Field Museum of Natural History. For its design, architect Ernest A. Grunsfeld, Jr. was awarded the gold medal of the Chicago chapter of the American Institute of Architects in 1931. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.

References

Other websites

Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum
Adler Planetarium Collections & Archives 
History of the Adler 
3D Google Earth Model

Museums in Chicago
Landmarks in Chicago
1930 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in Illinois
Central Bank of Russia

The Central Bank of Russia () is the central bank of Russia in Moscow. The bank began in 1860. It was closed in the Soviet period. It opened again in 1990 after the USSR fell apart.

Other websites 

  Bank of Russia
  Federal law "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)"
  Interview to CIO magazine: Bank of Russia's deputy chairman Mihail Senatorov 
Historical Scandals from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives

Buildings and structures in Moscow
Central banks
Malakunanja II

Malakunanja II or Madjedbebe is a rock shelter in Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is about 50 kilometres from the coast. Madjedbebe was first occupied by humans around 65 thousand (at least 59.3 thousand) years ago. This is the oldest site showing the presence of humans in Australia.  More than 1500 items have been found in the shelter, including stone tools and grinding stones, ochre, and charcoal. Some of these were buried more than 2.5 metres below the surface. The shelter also includes faded paintings on the walls. The paintings are drawn with ochre.

References

History of Australia
Archaeological sites in Australia
Northern Territory
Harrowing of Hell

The Harrowing of Hell, in Christianity, is when Christ went down to Hell after his death on Good Friday, and helped many souls escape. It is mentioned in 1 Peter 3:18-22. It was a story used in the first of the English religious dramas written during the Middle Ages. The Bible does not say for sure if Christ really went to Hell or not. People understand this differently.

References

Jesus Christ
Mary Jane Girls

The Mary Jane Girls were an American R&B, disco and funk music group. They were popular in the 1980s. Their hit songs included "All Night Long" and "In My House". The group were associated with Rick James. They disbanded in 1987.

1983 establishments in the United States
1980s American music groups
African-American musical groups
American girl groups
American R&B bands
Musical groups disestablished in 1987
Musical groups established in 1983
1980s establishments in California
1980s disestablishments in California
1987 disestablishments in the United States
Manuel García Ferré

Manuel García Ferré (October 8, 1929 – March 28, 2013) was a Spanish-Argentine animation director and cartoonist. He was known for his animated series Hijitus.

Ferré was born on October 8, 1929 in Almería, Spain. He was raised in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ferré became an official Buenos Aires citizen in 2009. He was never married. Ferré died on March 28, 2013 in Buenos Aires after going through heart surgery, aged 83.

References

Other websites

García Ferré's Comics 

1929 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
Spanish people
Argentine people
Cartoonists
People from Buenos Aires
Hjalmar Andersen

Hjalmar Johan "Hjallis" Andersen (March 12, 1923 – March 27, 2013) was a Norwegian speed skater. He won three gold medals at the 1952 Winter Olympic Games in Oslo, Norway. He was the only triple gold medalist at the 1952 Winter Olympics, the most successful athlete there.

Andersen was born on March 12, 1923 in Rødøy, Norway. He was married to Gerd Andersen until her death in 2003. They had three children. Andersen fell in his home on March 25, 2013. He was unconscious until he died two days later on March 27, 2013, aged 90.

References

Other websites

 Hjalmar Andersen at SpeedSkatingStats.com

1923 births
2013 deaths

1952 Winter Olympics

Accidental deaths from falls
Norwegian Olympians
Olympic gold medalists
Clara Blandick

Clara Blandick (June 4, 1876 - April 15, 1962) was an American actress. She acted in stage plays and movies. She played Auntie Em in the movie The Wizard of Oz. She also did many other movies. She was raised in Boston. She moved to New York City for her acting career. Blandick committed suicide at age 85 using sleeping pills.

Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
American movie actors
American stage actors
Drug-related suicides in the United States
1876 births
1962 deaths