cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Gaienhofen

Gaienhofen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

Gaienhofen has two museums include: the Hermann-Hesse-Höri-Museum and Otto-Dix-Haus.

History 
In 1974, the municipality has four villages: Gaienhofen, Gundholzen, Hemmenhofen and Horn.

Twin towns 
Gaienhofen is twinned with:
  Saint-Georges-de-Didonne, France
  Balatonföldvár, Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 Otto-Dix-Haus
 Hermann-Hesse-Höri-Museum
 Hermann-Hesse-Haus

Konstanz (district)
Gailingen am Hochrhein

Gailingen am Hochrhein is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Hilzingen

Hilzingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Hohenfels, Konstanz

Hohenfels is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Moos, Baden-Württemberg

Moos is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Öhningen

Öhningen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Mühlhausen-Ehingen

Mühlhausen-Ehingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Konstanz (district)
Mühlingen

Mühlingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Konstanz (district)
Tengen, Germany

Tengen is a town in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the town of Tengen 

Konstanz (district)
Rielasingen-Worblingen

Rielasingen-Worblingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is on the border with Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Kingston, Norfolk Island

Kingston (Norfuk: Daun a'Taun) is the administrative centre of Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia. It is the second-oldest settlement in Australia. It was founded a little over a month after Sydney.

Norfolk Island
Towns in Australia
Capital cities in Oceania
Burnt Pine

Burnt Pine (Norfuk: Ban Pain) is the largest town on Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia. As of 2007, the town had a population of 180.

Norfolk Island
Towns in Australia
Intifada

An intifada () is an Arabic word that means rebellion.  It is usually used to describe events taking place in the Middle East.

Origin 
In Arabic, intifada means a "shaking," which in turn is from the word nafada ("to shake off"). An intifada can be seen as a way for people to "shake off" a power that is oppressing them.

List of intifadas 
Several events in Palestine have been called intifadas. The First Intifada took place from 1987 to 1993, when Palestinians fought against Israel.

Arabic words and phrases
Rebellions
Stephen Gately

Stephen Patrick David Gately (17 March 1976 – 10 October 2009) was an Irish pop singer-songwriter, actor and dancer. He was the co-lead singer of the pop group Boyzone with Ronan Keating. With Boyzone, Gately had a record-breaking sixteen singles in a row enter the top five of the UK Singles Chart. He also wrote the children's book The Tree of Seasons. It was released in May 2010, seven months after his death.

Gately was born in Sherriff Street, Dublin. He was openly gay.

On 10 October 2009, Gately died at his home in Andratx, Mallorca, in the Spanish Balearic Islands. He was 33. He died due to a pulmonary oedema caused by a heart condition that was not diagnosed.

References

Other websites

1976 births
2009 deaths
Children's writers
Deaths from pulmonary edema
Disease-related deaths in Spain
Gay men
Irish LGBT people
Irish pop singers
Irish singer-songwriters
Irish stage actors
LGBT dancers
LGBT singers
LGBT songwriters
Tenors
Attack Force Z

Attack Force Z is a 1982 Taiwanese Australian World War II drama movie directed by Tim Burstall and starring Mel Gibson, Sam Neill, John Phillip Law, Chris Haywood, John Waters, Sylvia Chang.

Other websites
 

1982 drama movies
1980s war movies
Australian drama movies
Taiwanese movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Tim Burstall
Bardock

Bardock is a Saiyan mercenary and the father of Goku and Raditz. He was given the ability to see the future and tries to protect his planet.

Appearances
Bardock starts off as a Saiyan mercenary who destroys planets with his wife and teammates. He is the father of Goku and a skilled martial artist. He first appeared on the movie, Bardock son of goku, where he is warned by

the Kusannas leader's Power,who he gave Bardock to see his terrible actions. He sees the future and tries to warn everybody about Frieza, but no one believed him.

After Kakarot was sent to earth and Raditz on a mission, Bardock and Gine prepare for their planter's destruction but Bardock survived and lands on planet plant where he becomes a hero and the first super Saiyan and kills frieza's ancestor chill

in other Media

List of dragon Ball franchise

Bardock appears in most of the dragon Ball video games and merchandise.
Volkertshausen

Volkertshausen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Reichenau, Baden-Württemberg

Reichenau is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

The Reichenau Island is on the Untersee, the western part of Lake Constance.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Orsingen-Nenzingen

Orsingen-Nenzingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

It consists of two villages: Nenzingen and Orsingen.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Darter

The darters, anhingas, or snakebirds is a family of aquatic birds which resemble pelicans. They mainly occur in the tropics. 

There are four living species. Three of the species are common, the fourth is rarer, and listed as near-threatened by the IUCN. 

The term snakebird is used for any of these species: They have a long thin neck. When they swim, only the head and neck are visible. This looks like a snake. Darter is a term that refers to they way these birds catch fish: They impale the fish with their beak. The American darter is sometimes called anhinga. Sometimes it is called water turkey, even though it is unrelated to the turkey.

References 

Seabirds
Godzilla, King of the Monsters!

Godzilla, King of the Monsters! is a 1956 Japanese-American disaster science fiction horror action giant monster film directed by Terry Morse and Ishiro Honda.

Release dates

References

 
                                                                                                                              
1956 movies
1950s science fiction movies
Godzilla
American monster movies
American horror movies
Movies about dinosaurs
American science fiction movies
Japanese movies
Movies set in Japan
Wikipedia App

The Wikipedia App is the official app of the Wikipedia online encyclopedia for mobile internet devices developed by the Wikipedia Foundation. As of 2015, it works under operating systems: Android (distributed via Google Play), BlackBerry (via BlackBerry World), IOS (via App Store) and Windows 8 (via Microsoft Store). As of 2021, also works with Windows 10 and Windows 11 via Microsoft Store. The Wikimedia Foundation also released the official Wikimedia Commons application for uploading graphic images to Wikimedia Commons. At the same time, in addition to official applications, independent developers have released a large number of unofficial applications for Wikipedia reading, some of them download data directly from the Wikipedia site, other applications use the MediaWiki API.

References

Wikipedia
Folleville, Somme

Folleville is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fontaine-le-Sec

Fontaine-le-Sec is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Sara Sidner

Sara Sidner (born May 31, 1972) is an American journalist. She is a correspondent for CNN and CNN International based at CNN's Los Angeles bureau.

Early life 
A native of Miami Lakes, Florida, Sidner was born to an African-American father and a British mother. She graduated from Hialeah-Miami Lakes High School and the University of Florida with a telecommunications degree. While a student at the university, she played on the women's volleyball team, which made the Final Four during her last year.

Career 
Sidner began her on-air reporting career at WUFT-TV in Gainesville, Florida. This was followed by points at KFVS-TV in Cape Girardeau, Missouri, WINK-TV in Fort Myers, Florida, and KDFW-TV in Dallas, Texas. At KDFW, she wraped three years as a consumer reporter/anchor.  She also distinguished herself by reporting on the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. In January 2004, Sidner joined KTVU in Oakland, California, where she served as a weekend co-anchor of KTVU Channel 2 News at 6 and The Ten O’Clock News. She also served as a weekday reporter for the station.

Sidner has received many journalism awards. These include a Regional Emmy Award, a Lone Star Award, and several Associated Press Awards.

CNN 
Currently, she is a national and international correspondent for CNN, based in Los Angeles. She has previously been based in Jerusalem, Abu Dhabi, and New Delhi. At CNN, Sidner has reported on a wide range of subjects including the 2011 Libyan civil war, the launching of India's first unmanned lunar probe, and the Mumbai terrorist attacks. 

On Sunday May 31, 2020, while in Minneapolis covering the protests caused by the police killing of George Floyd, Sidner conducted a newsmaking live interview with the city's police chief, Medaria Arradondo, in which he expressed his opinion that the three other officers who were present while officer Derek Chauvin held his knee on Floyd's neck were unstabled in the death.

References

 
CNN people
American television news anchors
Living people
1972 births
David's Sling

David's Sling (), formerly known as Magic Wand (), is an Israel Defense Forces military system being jointly developed by the Israeli defense contractor Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and the American defense contractor Raytheon, designed to block enemy planes, drones, tactical ballistic missiles, medium- to long-range rockets and cruise missiles, fired at ranges from 40 km (24.85 miles) to 300 km (186.41 miles). David's Sling is meant to replace the MIM-23 Hawk and MIM-104 Patriot in the Israeli arsenal.

The system's Stunner missile is designed to stop the newest generation of tactical ballistic missiles at low altitude, such as the Russian Iskander and the Chinese DF-15 using an on-board dual CCD/IR seekers to maqke out between decoys and the actual warhead of the missile, in addition to tracking by Elta EL/M-2084 Active electronically scanned array multi-mode radar. The multi-stage interceptor consists of a solid-fuel rocket motor booster, followed by an irregular kill vehicle with advanced steering for super-workability during the kill-stage. A three-pulse motor provides additional acceleration and maneuverability during the terminal phase. David's Sling became operational in April 2017.

David's Sling is meant to support the second tier of Israel's theater missile defense system.  The name David's Sling comes from the biblical story of David and Goliath. It will form one level of Israel's future multi-tiered missile defense system that Israel is developing, which will also include Arrow 2, Arrow 3, Iron Dome, and Barak 8 and Iron Beam from as early as 2020.

References
Ralph A. Gamble

Ralph Abernethy Gamble (May 6, 1885 – March 4, 1959) was a Republican politician who represented Westchester County, New York in the United States House of Representatives from 1937 to 1957. He was a member of the famous Gamble family of South Dakota.

Early life and education 
Gamble was born on May 6, 1885, in Yankton, South Dakota. He graduated from Princeton University in 1909, from George Washington University Law School in 1911, and from Columbia Law School in 1912.

Career 
He practiced first in New York City, and later in Larchmont.  He was a adviser for the town of Mamaroneck from 1918 to 1933, and for the town of Larchmont from 1926-1928.

Gamble was a member of the New York State Assembly (Westchester Co., 2nd D.) in 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936 and 1937.

He was elected to Congress in 1937 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles D. Millard and served from November 2, 1937, to January 3, 1957. He was chairman of the United States Congress Joint Committee on Housing during the 80th United States Congress.

He died on March 4, 1959, in Saint Michaels, Maryland.

Sources 

20th-century American politicians
United States representatives from New York
Princeton University alumni
1959 deaths
1885 births
Economies of scale

In economics, economies of scale means that when more units of a product are made at the same time, the cost it takes to produce a single unit will go down. When making a product, there is a maximum capacity that can be made, at a given time. This capacity depends  on the ways in which the product is made. If it is made by machines, these machines have a maximum number they can produce. Wanting to produce more than this number means new machines (or a new way to make these products) are needed. Adam Smith first had this idea of economy of scale, which he obtained through division of labour. 

The opposite of economies of scale are diseconomies of scale.

References 

Economics
Yaaa Ayyuhal Lazeena Aamanu

Yaaa Ayyuhal Lazeena Aamanu (; literally meaning o you who believe), is a Quranic expression that reminds the Muslim believers in some of their daily life matters. It is a characteristic of the Medinan surah.

History 
This Quranic expression was first revealed after the migration of the prophet Muhammad to Medina in circa 623. That time, it was revealed as an important advice to the Medinan who have believed (Allah).

Meaning 
There are various meanings of the Quranic expression. It literally means o you who believe, o ye who believe, o ye of faith, o you who have believed. But, this expressions is also divided to different terms but same meaning, such as o believers, o people of faith. The term o people of faith is derived from Persian ای اهل ایمان.

Verses and surahs that contains the expression Yaaa Ayyuhal Lazeena Aamanu 
2:104, 2:153, 2:172, 2:178, 2:183, 2:208, 2:254, 2:264, 2:267, 2:278, 2:82, 3:100, 3:102, 3:118, 3:130, 3:149, 3:156, 3:200, 4:19, 4:29, 4:43, 4:59, 4:71, 4:94, 4:135, 4:136, 4:144, 5:1, 5:2, 5:6, 5:8, 5:11, 5:35, 5:51, 5:54, 5:57, 5:87, 5:90, 5:94, 5:95, 5:101, 5:105, 5:106, 8:15, 8:20, 8:24, 8:27, 8:29, 8:45, 9:23, 9:28, 9:34, 9:38, 9:119, 9:123, 22:77, 24:21, 24:27, 24:58, 33:9, 33:41, 33:49, 33:53, 33:56, 33:69, 33:70, 47:7, 47:33, 49:1, 49:2, 49:6, 49:11, 49:12, 57:28, 58:9, 58:11, 58:12, 59:18, 60:1, 60:10, 60:13, 61:2, 61:10, 61:14, 62:9, 63:9, 64:14, 66:6, 66:8
Chemung, New York

Chemung is a town in Chemung County, New York, United States. 2,563 people lived here at the 2010 census.

References 

Towns in New York
Acral necrosis

Acral necrosis is a common symptom of the Black Death that causes skin to discolour black and can cause the area nearby to bleed. This is most common at the end of limbs (fingers, toes, ears etc.).

Related pages
 Necrosis

Symptoms
Bruno Covas

Bruno Covas Lopes (7 April 1980 – 16 May 2021) was a Brazilian lawyer, economist and politician. He was a member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). He served as mayor of São Paulo from 2018 until his death in 2021. 

Covas was born in Santos, São Paulo. His grandfather was Mário Covas, governor of the state of São Paulo.

On 16 May 2021, Covas died of gastrointestinal cancer at Hospital Sírio-Libanês in São Paulo. He was 41. He was the first mayor of São Paulo to die in office.

References

1980 births
2021 deaths
Brazilian economists
Brazilian politicians
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Brazilian lawyers
Mayors
People from São Paulo
Deaths from gastrointestinal cancer
Steißlingen

Steißlingen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Konstanz (district)
Prakash Karat

Prakash Karat (born 7 February 1948) is an Indian communist politician. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from 2005 to 2015.

Karat was born in Letpandan, Kachin, Burma, to a Malayali family. He is married to fellow communist politician Brinda Karat.

References

1948 births
Living people
Communist politicians
Indian politicians
Reducing (movie)

Reducing is a 1931 American comedy movie directed by Charles Reisner and starring Marie Dressler, Polly Moran, Anita Page, Lucien Littlefield, William Collier, Jr., Sally Eilers. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites 
 

1931 movies
1930s comedy movies
American comedy movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by Charles Reisner
Jaz Sinclair

Jasmine Sinclair Sabino (born July 22, 1994) is an American actress. She starred as Rosalind Walker in the Netflix series Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (2018–2020). She has appeared in movies such as Paper Towns (2015), When the Bough Breaks (2016) and Slender Man (2018). She was born in Dallas, Texas.

References

Other websites

1994 births
Living people
Actors from Dallas, Texas
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Real Girl

Real Girl is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Mutya Buena. It was released on 4 June 2007 via Universal Records, following her departure from UK girl group the Sugababes in December 2005. The album features guest appearances from fellow soul singers George Michael and Amy Winehouse as well as from dance group Groove Armada. The music on the album was described as "danceable R&B".

Critical reception

Real Girl received mixed reviews from music critics.

Track listing

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2007 albums
Debut albums
R&B albums
National-anarchism

National anarchism is a set of beliefs that builds upon that of traditional anarchism but turns it into a broader nationalistic spectrum.

Books
Sanchez, Casey (Summer 2009). "'National Anarchism': California racists claim they're Anarchists". Intelligence Report.
Sunshine, Spencer (Winter 2008). "Rebranding Fascism: National-Anarchists". The Public Eye. 23 (4): 1–12.
Anarchism
Székesfehérvár District

The Székesfehérvár District () is a district in central-western part of Fejér County. Székesfehérvár is also the name of the district seat in the Székesfehérvár District. The Székesfehérvár District is located in Central Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 1 urban county, 2 towns, 4 large villages and 18 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2012)

The bolded municipalities are cities, italics municipalities are large villages.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Székesfehérvár District

Districts in Fejér County
Dunaújváros District

The Dunaújváros District () is a district in south-eastern part of Fejér County. Dunaújváros is also the name of the district seat in the Dunaújváros District. The Dunaújváros District is located in Central Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 1 urban county, 3 towns, 3 large villages and 9 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2012)

The bolded municipalities are cities, italics municipalities are large villages.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Dunaújváros District

Districts in Fejér County
Bicske District

The Bicske District () is a district in north-eastern part of Fejér County. Bicske is also the name of the district seat in the Bicske District. The Bicske District is located in Central Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 2 towns, 1 large village and 12 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2012)

The bolded municipalities are cities, italics municipality is large village.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Bicske District

Districts in Fejér County
Dombóvár District

The Dombóvár District () is a district in south-western part of Tolna County. Dombóvár is also the name of the district seat in the Dombóvár District. The Dombóvár District is located in Southern Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 1 town and 15 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2013)

The bolded municipality is city.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Dombóvár District

 

Districts in Tolna County
Bonyhád District

The Bonyhád District () is a district in southern part of Tolna County. Bonyhád is also the name of the district seat in the Bonyhád District. The Bonyhád District is located in Southern Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 2 towns and 23 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2013)

The bolded municipalities are cities.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Bonyhád District

Districts in Tolna County
Tamási District

The Tamási District () is a district in north-western part of Tolna County. Tamási is also the name of the district seat in the Tàmasi District. The Tamási District is located in Southern Transdanubia.

Municipalities 
The district has 3 towns, 2 large villages and 27 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2013)

The bolded municipalities are cities, italics municipalities are large villages.

Related pages 

 List of cities and towns in Hungary

References

Other websites 

 Postal codes of the Tamási District

Districts in Tolna County
M2 motorway (Northern Ireland)

The M2 is a motorway in Belfast and County Antrim in Northern Ireland. It is part of the unsigned European route E01, E16 and E18 roads.

Junctions

Southern section

Notes 
 Junction 1B is the only motorway junction in the United Kingdom that consists solely of motorway exits, with no entry slip-roads
 There is no Junction 3, it was planned to be located on the Antrim Road

Northern section 

Motorways in Northern Ireland
Fontaine-lès-Cappy

Fontaine-lès-Cappy is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
M3 motorway (Northern Ireland)

The M3 is a motorway in Belfast that is 0.8 miles long. It is the shortest motorway in Northern Ireland. It is one of the busiest motorways in Northern Ireland, 60,000 vehicles use it per day.

Junctions

References 

Motorways in Northern Ireland
Victoria Beckham (album)

Victoria Beckham (stylised as VB) is the self-titled debut and, to date, only studio album by English singer-songwriter, Victoria Beckham. It was released on 1 October 2001 by Virgin Records. Beckham was originally going to release the album under the title Innocent Girl and set to be released on 27 August 2001,

Critical reception

After its release, Victoria Beckham received mixed to negative reviews. The BBC Music described the album as "a mish-mash affair of gushy sentiment and wishy-washy RnB" and NME called the album "a new low in shameless pop slaggery".

Track listing
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Victoria Beckham.

B-sides

Charts

Certifications and sales

References

2001 albums
Debut albums
Pop albums
R&B albums
Virgin Records albums
Fontaine-sous-Montdidier

Fontaine-sous-Montdidier is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fontaine-sur-Maye

Fontaine-sur-Maye is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fontaine-sur-Somme

Fontaine-sur-Somme is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Forceville

Forceville is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Forceville-en-Vimeu

Forceville-en-Vimeu is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Ploemeur

Ploemeur () is a commune. It is in Brittany in the Morbihan department in northwest France.

References 

Communes in Morbihan
Teisendorf

Teisendorf (West Central Bavarian: Teisendorf) is a municipality in Berchtesgadener Land, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.

References 

Berchtesgadener Land
Break Up with Your Girlfriend, I'm Bored

"Break Up with Your Girlfriend, I'm Bored" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande for her fifth studio album Thank U, Next (2019). The song was written by Grande and Savan Kotecha alongside its producers Max Martin and Ilya Salmanzadeh, with Grande serving as a vocal producer. It contains an interpolation of the song "It Makes Me Ill" by American boy band NSYNC, written by Kandi Burruss, Kevin Briggs, thus both are also credited as songwriters.

Accolades

Track listing
 7-inch vinyl – cassette
 "Break Up with Your Girlfriend, I'm Bored" (explicit) – 3:10
 "Break Up with Your Girlfriend, I'm Bored" (edited) – 3:10

Credits and personnel 
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

Recording
 Recorded at MXM Studios (Los Angeles, California; Stockholm, Sweden) and Wolf Cousins Studios (Stockholm)
 Mixed at MixStar Studios (Virginia Beach, Virginia)
 Mastered at Sterling Sound (New York City, New York)

Management
 Published by Universal Music Corp./GrandAri Music (ASCAP), MXM — administered by Kobalt — (ASCAP), Wolf Cousins (STIM), Kandney Music/Air Control Music/EMI April Music and SheK 'Em Down Music/BMG
 Contains a sample from "It Makes Me Ill", written by Kandi Burruss and Kevin Briggs, published by Kandney Music/Air Control Music/EMI April Music and SheK 'Em Down Music/BMG

Personnel

 Ariana Grande – vocals, songwriting, vocal producer
 Max Martin – songwriting, producer, bass, drums, keyboards, programming
 Ilya Salmanzadeh – songwriting, production, bass, drums, keyboards, programming
 Savan Kotecha – songwriting
 Kandi Burruss – songwriting
 Kevin Briggs – songwriting
 Sam Holland – engineer
 Jeremy Lertola – assistant engineer
 Cory Bice – assistant engineer
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 John Hanes – mixing assistant
 Randy Merrill – mastering

Charts

Weekly charts

Monthly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

Related pages 
 List of top 10 singles in 2019 (Australia)
 List of number-one singles of 2019 (Ireland)
 List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 2010s
 List of Billboard Hot 100 top-ten singles in 2019

References

2019 songs
Ariana Grande songs
Trap songs
Pop songs
R&B songs
Fort-Mahon-Plage

Fort-Mahon-Plage is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Piding

Piding is an climatic spa in Berchtesgadener Land, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria. It is near to the border of Austria close to Bad Reichenhall and Freilassing.

Literature 

 Max Wieser: Pidinger Heimatbuch, 1250 Jahre Piding - Verlag Plenk, Berchtesgaden 1985

References

Other websites 

 Official website
 Tourism website

Berchtesgadener Land
A48(M) motorway

The A48(M) motorway in Wales links Cardiff with Newport. The A48(M) has no junctions and opened in 1977.

Junctions

References

Other websites 
 CBRD Motorway Database – A48(M)
 Pathetic Motorways – A48(M)

Motorways in Wales
Numbered routes in South Africa

In South Africa some roads are designated as numbered routes to help with navigation. There is a nationwide numbering scheme consisting of national, provincial and regional routes, and within various urban areas there are schemes of metropolitan route numbering.

Numbering
In the nationwide numbering scheme, routes are divided into a hierarchy of three categories: national routes, which are the most important routes connecting major cities; provincial routes, which connecting smaller cities and towns to the national route network; and regional routes, which connect smaller towns to the route network. Route numbers are allocated to these classes as follows:
 National routes - N1 to N21
 Provincial routes - R21 to R99
 Regional parallel routes - R101 to R120 (A Regional parallel route will consist of road segments formerly part of the national route R1xy. Nxy that have been replaced by upgraded roads)
 Regional routes in the former Cape Province: R300 to R499.
 Regional routes in the former Transvaal Province: R500 to R599
 Regional routes in KwaZulu-Natal: R600 to R699
 Regional routes in the Free State: R700 to R799
These numbers are allocated by the Route Numbering and Road Traffic Signs Sub Committee within the Roads Co-ordinating Body, an organisation which contains representatives from road authorities in national, provincial and local government.

In metropolitan numbering schemes the local authority can designate routes consisting of M followed by any number. The following metropolitan municipalities and their cities have metropolitan numbering schemes.
 Buffalo City (East London)
 City of Cape Town (Cape Town)
 City of Johannesburg & Ekhuruleni (Johannesburg) including Krugersdorp which is in the West Rand
 City of Tshwane (Pretoria)
 Ethekwini (Durban)
 Mangaung (Bloemfontein)
 Nelson Mandela Bay (Port Elizabeth)
 Pietermaritzburg-Hilton area (Pietermaritzburg)

There are also a number of Ring Roads in South Africa found nationwide

Lists of routes
List of national routes in South Africa
List of provincial routes in South Africa
List of regional routes in South Africa
List of Regional Parallel Routes (South Africa)
List of Regional Routes in the former Cape Province (South Africa)
List of Regional Routes in the former Transvaal Province (South Africa)
List of Regional Routes in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)
List of Regional Routes in the Free State (South Africa)

List of Metropolitan Routes in South Africa
Metropolitan Routes in East London
Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town
Metropolitan Routes in Johannesburg
Metropolitan Routes in Pretoria
Metropolitan Routes in Durban
Metropolitan Routes in Bloemfontein
Metropolitan Routes in Port Elizabeth
Metropolitan Routes in Pietermaritzburg

References
Fossemanant

Fossemanant is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Sarayacu tree frog

The Sarayacu tree frog or orange-shanked tree frog (Dendropsophus parviceps) is a frog that lives in much of eastern South America, in Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Bolivia. Scientists have seen it between 180 and 1600 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 1.4 to 1.9 cm long from nose to rear end.  The adult female frog is 2.0 to 2.4 cm long.  This frog changes color over time.  It is light bronze with marks during the day and darker in color at night.

The Latin name of this frog, parviceps means "small head."

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Foucaucourt-en-Santerre

Foucaucourt-en-Santerre is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Foucaucourt-Hors-Nesle

Foucaucourt-Hors-Nesle is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fouencamps

Fouencamps is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fouilloy, Somme

Fouilloy is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Fouquescourt

Fouquescourt is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

References 

Communes in Somme
Villebon-sur-Yvette

Villebon-sur-Yvette is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Essonne department in north France.

Communes in Essonne
Reuven Fahn

Reuven Fahn ( 18781939 or 1944) was a Polish Jewish writer who was active in the decades before the Holocaust.

Early life

Reuven Fahn was born on 21 February 1878 in the village of Starunia in southeastern Austrian Galicia. Fahn could read and write in Hebrew, German, Yiddish, Polish, and Ukrainian by the age of 15. In 1897, at age 19, Fahn married Rachel Keren and moved to his wife's hometown, the Polish city of Halicz. In Halicz, Fahn was influenced by the Karaite Jewish community and their unique culture, which Fahn often wrote about in his literary works.

Mid-life and later life
After Russia conquered eastern Galicia at the start of World War I in 1914, Fahn and many other Galician Jews fled to Vienna, the capital of Austria-Hungary. Fahn enjoyed the libraries in Vienna and worked as a librarian during his time there. He was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army on 1 December 1914. His military service ended on 2 November 1918, with Austria-Hungary's existence ending soon afterwards. Due to his house and property in Halicz being destroyed due to World War I, Fahn moved to Stanisławów (present-day Ivano-Frankivsk). Afterwards, Fahn continued his work, but as a Polish citizen.

During a 1924 trip to Mandatory Palestine, Fahn created a Galician Zionist colony there. Fahn himself thought about moving to Palestine the next year, but decided not to since he feared that Palestine would soon have an economic crisis. The decision by Fahn and many other Galician Zionists to stay in Poland ended up being deadly for them due to the Holocaust destroying most of Poland's Jewish population by 1945. In 1930, Fahn maintained a correspondence with Hayim Nahman Bialik.

Personal life
Fahn and his first wife had two daughters. His wife died when he was 25 years old. Fahn's eldest daughter Hana was later murdered in the Holocaust while her two daughters survived. In 1905, Fahn remarried to a woman from the city of Bolechow, with whom he had a son and a daughter. Yafa, Fahn's daughter from his second marriage, died at age nine while Fahn and his family were living in Vienna. Yosef, the sickly son from Fahn's second marriage, eventually had a son of his own but he and his entire family were murdered during the Holocaust.

Fahn's exact year and date of death are not known; 1939, 1940, and 1944 were all proposed for this. One report states that he was arrested and killed by the Soviets for Zionist activities a short time before World War II began. Another, possibly more reliable report states that he was murdered by the Nazis and their local Ukrainian allies in Stanisławów at the age of 66 in 1944.

Selected bibliography
 (self-pub.)
 (self-pub.)

References

Other websites
 Govrin, Nurit. The Reuven Fahn Collection, Tel Aviv University, 2014

1878 births
Year of death missing
Polish writers
Lesbophobia

Lesbophobia is a fear and/or hatred of lesbians, described as the intersection of homophobia and misogyny. Even gay men can experience lesbophobia.

References

LGBT
Hatred
Đorđe Marjanović

Đorđe Marjanović (; 30 October 1931 – 15 May 2021) was a Serbian and Yugoslav singer.

Marjanović began his career in the mid-1950s. During the 1960s he recorded a large number of hit songs and became the first superstar of the Yugoslav popular music. 

In 1990, he suffered a stroke on stage, from which he partially recovered, but decided to retire.

He died on 15 May 2021, aged 89, in Belgrade from problems caused by COVID-19.

References

1931 births
2021 deaths
Serbian musicians
Serbian singers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia
Eva Wilma

Eva Wilma Riefle Buckup Zarattini (; December 14, 1933 – May 15, 2021) was a Brazilian actress and dancer. She starred in the 1950s Brazilian television series Alô, Doçura!. Wilma was born in São Paulo, Brazil. She retired in 2019. Other best known roles were in A Flea on the Scales and A Indomada.

Wilma died on May 15, 2021 of ovarian cancer in São Paulo, aged 87.

References

Other websites

 Eva Wilma official website

1933 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from ovarian cancer
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
Brazilian stage actors
Dancers
People from São Paulo
William Roth

William Victor Roth Jr. (July 22, 1921 – December 13, 2003) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. From 1967 to 1970, he was the U.S. Representative from Delaware and from 1971 to 2001, he was a U.S. Senator. 

Roth was a sponsor of legislation creating the Roth IRA, an individual retirement plan that can be set up with a broker.

References

1921 births
2003 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
United States representatives from Delaware
United States senators from Delaware
Lawyers from Montana
Politicians from Montana
Businesspeople from Montana
Businesspeople from Wilmington, Delaware
People from Great Falls, Montana
Politicians from Wilmington, Delaware
US Republican Party politicians
Lawyers from Delaware
2021 Texas power crisis

In February 2021, the state of Texas had a major power crisis, because of three winter storms in the United States on February 10–11, 13–17, and 15–20. The crisis was caused by a massive electricity generation failure in the state of Texas; and caused shortages of water, food, and heat. 

More than 4.5 million homes and businesses were left without power, some for several days. At least 151 people were killed. The total damage is estimated to be between $100 billion and $200 billion, making it as expensive as Hurricane Harvey and other major disasters.

The Texas crisis's proximate causes were two unanticipated shocks induced from the sub-zero temperatures (‑2˚ F in Dallas): a failure of conventional (thermal) generating supply, mostly from lack of natural gas, and a surge in electricity demand. Inadequate winterization caused freezing of the gas supply and many plants' control instruments. In a system with a winter peak of 66 GW, about 30 GW of thermal plants were unavailable. In its worst-case extreme-winter analysis, ERCOT had expected a loss of 14 GW of thermal resources. The February storm caused more than double the anticipated thermal outages.

Simultaneously, electric heaters created a powerful surge in demand. About 61% of Texans rely on electric heat, mostly low-efficiency resistance heat, in poorly insulated homes — a seemingly sensible choice in a warm climate with cheap electricity, where home heating is often unnecessary. The demand surge caused by the cold came to about 20 GW or one-third of the winter peak. ERCOT based its worst-case analysis on a 2011 winter storm, the most severe cold-weather event in Texas in twenty years. The 2021 storm was much worse than that of 2011. It created an unexpected and unsupportable demand surge.

Timeline of events 
During the weekend of February 13-14, the temperature dropped more than what ERCOT estimated and as demand for electricity hit a record, the utility had to implement rolling power outages starting early morning Monday, February 15th. Temperatures in Texas averaged 30 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the normal during.

On Tuesday, 16 GW of renewables went down, including generation from wind, and 30 GW was lost from thermal sources including coal, gas and nuclear. By Wednesday 46 GW of total electricity generation was offline with 28 GW of thermal and 18 GW of renewable.

As the demand soared and regional power generators crashed, the frequency of the system also started to drop from the normal 60 Hz to 59.3 Hz. Had the system frequency’s fallen below 59 Hz, the state’s electrical system would have suffered from cascading blackouts which would have lasted for weeks or months and could have caused physical damage to equipment. This would have been much more difficult to recover so to protect the system, load was deliberately shed by the system operator.

References

February 2021 events
21st century in Houston, Texas
Food bank

A food bank is a non-profit, charitable organization that gives away food to those who have hard time buying enough to avoid hunger. While a it is a popular organization, many critics believe it would cause a welfare crisis.

References

Charities
Serve America Movement

The Serve America Movement (SAM) is a big tent political organization founded in 2017 by Morgan Stanley lawyer Eric Grossman. 

The party has said that they want to pass the elections vote limit or use petitions to gain access in other states, in order to contest future elections. 

In May of 2020, SAM named David Jolly as executive Chairman. Jolly is a former Republican who served as a Member of Congress from Florida's 13th congressional district from 2014 to 2017.

References

2017 establishments in the United States
Political parties in the United States
Governor (United States)

In the United States, a governor is the chief executive officer and commander-in-chief in each of the fifty states and in the five permanently territories.

Governors are responsible for passing state laws and the operation of the state executive branch. As state leaders, governors support and push for new and revised policies and programs using a variety of tools, such as through executive orders, executive budgets, and legislative proposals and vetoes.

A majority of governors have the authority to appoint state court judges as well, in most cases from a list of names submitted by a nominations committee.

References

State governors of the United States
State government in the United States
Sam Sloan

Samuel Howard Sloan (born September 7, 1944) is an American perennial candidate and former broker-dealer. In 1978, he was the last non-lawyer to argue a case pro se before the United States Supreme Court.

In 2006, Sloan was on the executive board of the United States Chess Federation. He has run unsuccessfully or attempted to run for several political offices, including President of the United States.

References

1944 births
Living people
American chess players
Lawyers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Politicians from New York City
US Democratic Party politicians
2016 United States presidential candidates
2020 United States presidential candidates
Lise Bourdin

Lise Bourdin (born 20 November 1925) is a French retired movie actress. She was born in Néris-les-Bains, Allier, France. Bourdin retired in 1959, after a ten year movie career.

Some of her best known roles were in Children of Love (1953), The River Girl (1954), The Last Five Minutes (1955), Desperate Farewell (1955), La ladra (1955), Love in the Afternoon (1957), The River of Three Junks (1957), Ces dames préfèrent le mambo (1957) and The Last Blitzkrieg (1959).

References

Other websites
 

1925 births
Living people
French movie actors
French stage actors
Jacqueline White

Jacqueline Jane White (born November 27, 1922) is an American actress. She is best known her appearances in Crossfire and The Narrow Margin. She worked for both MGM and RKO in the 1940s and 1950s.

References

1922 births
Living people
American movie actors
American stage actors
Actors from Beverly Hills, California
Jimmy Lydon

James J. Lydon (born May 30, 1923) is an American actor and television producer. He was known as a teenage actor during the 1930s.

In 1953, he was cast as Murray in the aviation adventure movie Island in the Sky, starring John Wayne. He also played Biffen Cardoza on the last six episodes of Rocky Jones, Space Ranger in 1954 and made appearances in Lux Video Theatre and The Christophers.

Lydon easily appeared roles in television. He played Chris Thayer on The First Hundred Years. The show was CBS' first daytime soap opera. It was performed live for three seasons of 300 episodes.

References

1923 births
Living people
American television producers
American movie actors
American stage actors
American child actors
American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
Businesspeople from New Jersey
Noreen Nash

Noreen Nash (born Norabelle Jean Roth, April 4, 1924) is an American retired actress. Her first movie role was in the 1943 musical movie Girl Crazy, which starred Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland.

From 2001 until his death, Nash was married to actor James Whitmore.

References

1924 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Washington
Dexter's Laboratory: Robot Rumble

Dexter's Laboratory: Robot Rumble or “Extreme Robot Rumble” was going to be a brawl fighting game in which various robots piloted by characters from Dexter's Laboratory would fight in small arenas, but it was never released. The game vanished when Bam Entertainment closed down. It seems that Robot Rumble was going to be developed with the help of N-Space. Only a few screenshots and concept arts remain from the project. Is a cancelled video game based on the animated television series of the same name.

Other websites 
 https://archive.vg/game/gamecube/dexters-laboratory-extreme-robot-rumble-canceled
 https://www.unseen64.net/2009/02/23/dexters-laboratory-robot-rumble-xboxps2gc-cancelled/
 https://drkurt.ca/docs/dexter%27s-laboratory-robot-rumble-849e0d

Cancelled Nintendo GameCube games
2002 video games
Cancelled PlayStation 2 games
Cancelled Xbox games
Cancelled video games
Helen Grayco

Helen Grayco (born Helen Greco; September 20, 1924) is an American pop singer and actress. She was most famous for appearances with her husband Spike Jones on The Spike Jones Show in the 1950s and the 1960s. 

She is also the mother of producer and Emmy recipient, Spike Jones Jr. and Leslie Ann Jones, a Grammy Award-winning recording engineer.

References

1924 births
Living people
American pop singers
American movie actors
American television actors
People from Tacoma, Washington
Singers from Washington
Actors from Washington
Spike Jones

Lindley Armstrong "Spike" Jones (December 14, 1911 – May 1, 1965) was an American musician, actor, comedian and bandleader. He was known for creating spoof arrangements of popular songs and classical music.

Jones and his band recorded under the title Spike Jones and His City Slickers from the early 1940s to the mid-1950s. 

As an actor, he appeared in Thank Your Lucky Stars (1943), Meet the People (1944), Bring on the Girls (1945), Breakfast in Hollywood (1946) and Variety Girl (1947).

Other websites

Red Hot Jazz
Phillywire article with added links
Swedish homepage about Spike Jones 78-rpm records

1911 births
1965 deaths
Deaths from emphysema
American bandleaders
Musicians from California
Actors from Long Beach, California
Comedians from Los Angeles County, California
American movie actors
Joyce Reynolds (actress)

Joyce Reynolds (born October 7, 1924) is a former American actress. She worked for Warner Bros. during the 1940s.

Reynolds made her acting debut with a small part in the 1942 movie Yankee Doodle Dandy. She also appeared in George Washington Slept Here as Madge, The Constant Nymph as Paula Sanger, and The Adventures of Mark Twain as Clara Clemens.

References

Other websites
 
 Joyce Reynolds in clip from Janie via YouTube

1924 births
Living people
American movie actors
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
Maria Riva

Maria Elizabeth Riva (née Sieber, born 13 December 1924) is a German-born American actress, writer and activist. She worked on television in the 1950s. She is the daughter of actress Marlene Dietrich. Riva was born in Berlin, Weimar Republic. Her career began in 1934. 

During the 1950s, Riva appeared in more than 500 live teleplays for CBS, all broadcast from New York, including The Milton Berle Show, Lux Video Theatre, Hallmark Hall of Fame, Your Show of Shows and Studio One. She received Emmy nominations as best actress in both 1952 and 1953.

Riva was married to Dean Goodman from 1943 until they divorced a year later. She later married William Riva in 1947 and would remain married until his death in 1999. They had four children; including J. Michael and Peter Riva.

References

Other websites
 
 

1924 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
German movie actors
German television actors
German stage actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American activists
German activists
American autobiographers
German autobiographers
Writers from Berlin
Actors from Berlin
Writers from Los Angeles
Actors from Los Angeles