cahya/wikipedia-simple-en huggingface dataset:
Izmailovo Kremlin

The Izmailovo Kremlin (Кре́мль в Изма́йлово) is a cultural, commercial and entertainment complex in north-east of Moscow built in the years 1998-2007. It is a wooden building, stylized for Russian architecture. the complex have seven museums and exhibition grounds: the Museum of Russian Folk Toys, the Museum of the Founding of the Russian Navy, the Museum of the History of Russian Vodka, the Museum of Bread, the Museum of Chocolate, the Museum of Miniatures - "World History in Plasticine," the Moscow Museum of Animation, and also a exhibitions "Japan. Dolls, fairy tales, legends.

Gallery

Related pages 
 Kyivan Rus Park

Other websites 

   The Izmailovo Kremlin  -  Official website

Buildings and structures in Moscow
Museums in Europe
Architecture
Swisher, Iowa

Swisher is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is in Johnson County.

Cities in Iowa
Tabor, Iowa

Tabor is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tama, Iowa

Tama is a city in Tama County, Iowa, United States. The population was 2,877 at the 2010 census.

Tama is situated two miles south of Toledo, the county seat.

References 

Cities in Iowa
Tama County, Iowa

Tama County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In 2010, 17,767 people lived there. The county seat is Toledo.

1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Toledo, Iowa

Toledo is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Tama County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Templeton, Iowa

Templeton is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Willey, Iowa

Willey is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tennant, Iowa

Tennant is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Terril, Iowa

Terril is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Thayer, Iowa

Thayer is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Thompson, Iowa

Thompson is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Winnebago County, Iowa

Winnebago County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,866. The county seat is Forest City. The county was founded in 1847 and named after the Native American tribe.

References 

1847 establishments in Iowa
Iowa counties
CBS Productions

CBS Productions is a company that has TV shows like CSI, CSI: Miami, CSI: NY, Yes, Dear, Still Standing, and The King of Queens.

Columbia Broadcasting System
Companies based in Los Angeles
Ñuble Region

The Ñuble Region () is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Chillán.

It was founded the 6th of september of 2018 when the Ñuble Province was separated in order to create the new region and 3 new provinces.

The region is named after the Ñuble river.

Geography
The Ñuble region has area of .

It borders the Maule region to the north, Argentina to the east, the Bío Bío region to the south and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

The main river in the region is the
Itata river,  long.
The highest mountains are in the Andes, in the eastern part of the region; these mountains are the Nevados de Chillán.
Ñuble river.

Climate 
The climate in Chillán is a Mediterranean climate, Csb in the Köppen climate classification.

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Chillán is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .

The average temperature for the year in Chillán is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .

Population
 (last national census), there were 438,103 people living in the region, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km². The urban population was 285,108 persons ( of the total).

The largest city of the province, in 2002, is its capital, Chillán, with 146,701 inhabitants. Other cities are San Carlos (29,359 inhabitants) and Chillán Viejo (18,827 inhabitants).

Provinces and Communes 

The Ñuble Region has 3 provinces and 21 communes.

Related pages
Regions of Chile

References

Other websites
 

Regions of Chile
István Bethlen

István Bethlen (19 June 1946 – 4 September 2018) was a Hungarian economist and politician. He was a member of the National Assembly (MP) from MDF Budapest Regional List between 1990 and 1994. He was born in Cluj, Romania.

Bethlen died on 4 September 2018 in Budapest at the age of 72.

References

1946 births
2018 deaths
Hungarian politicians
Hungarian economists
Mike Hogewood

Michael "Mike" Hogewood (September 13, 1954 – September 5, 2018) was an American sportscaster. He was born in Greensboro, North Carolina.

He was a freelance play-by-play announcer. He worked with Raycom Sports. Hogewood was best known for his work on ACC football games, ACC men's and women's basketball, as well as for anchoring Raycom's coverage of Nextel Cup NASCAR races. 

Hogewood did play-by-play for FSN South, Sun Sports, New England Sports Network, Comcast SportsNet, HDNet and the Speed Channel. He later worked for  WFMY-TV Channel 2 (1987–2001). 

Hogewood worked for NBC affiliate WXII-TV in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in the early 2000s on a series called Hog's Heroes.

Hogewood retired in 2013 after 26 years as a sports broadcaster.

Hogewood died on September 5, 2018 in Greensboro from a heart attack at the age of 63.

References

1952 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American radio personalities
American television personalities
American sports commentators
People from Greensboro, North Carolina
Liz Fraser

Liz Fraser (born Elizabeth Joan Winch; 14 August 1930 – 6 September 2018) was an English actress. She was best known for her comedy roles as a provocative "dumb blonde" in British movies of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. She was born in London.

Fraser was known for her roles in I'm All Right, Jack, Carry On Regardless, and in Dad's Army.

Fraser died at a London hospital from complications of cancer-related surgery on 6 September 2018 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
 
 Official Website of the Carry On films

1930 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
People with cancer
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from London
Arif Alvi

Arif-ur-Rehman Alvi (; born 29 August 1949) is a Pakistani politician. He is the 13th and current President of Pakistan since 9 September 2018.

He was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from June 2013 to May 2018 and again from August to September 2018. He was a founding member of Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf (PTI).

Alvi was elected as President of Pakistan on 4 September 2018 following the presidential election.

References

1949 births
Living people
Presidents of Pakistan
Current national leaders
People from Karachi
2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake

An earthquake measuring 6.6 MW on the moment magnitude scale struck Iburi Subprefecture in southern Hokkaido, Japan, on 6 September 2018 at 3:08 a.m. Japan Standard Time. 

The earthquake's epicenter was near Tomakomai. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) registered a magnitude of 6.7 Mj and a maximum intensity of 7 on the shindo scale.

The earthquake's effects was felt strongly in Hokkaido and Aomori Prefecture. The earthquake left 5.3 million residents without power. 

As a result of the quake 41 people were left dead and 691 had injuries.

References

Earthquake
Hokkaido
2018 earthquakes
2018 in Asia
2010s in Japan
Claudio Scimone

Claudio Scimone (23 December 1934 – 6 September 2018) was an Italian conductor. He was born in Padua, Italy. Scimone was the founder of I Solisti Veneti (the ensemble with which most of his recordings have been made) and at the time of his death was the honorary conductor of the Gulbenkian Orchestra in Lisbon, Portugal. He also gave the modern premieres of Moses in Egypt and Oedipus at Colonus by Rossini, and The Last Judgement by Salieri.

Scimone died on 6 September 2018 in Rome at the age of 83.

References

1934 births
2018 deaths
Italian conductors
Olivia Olson

Olivia Rose Olson (born May 21, 1992) is an American actress, voice actress and singer-songwriterr. She is best known for her voice role as Marceline the Vampire Queen in Adventure Time. She also played the character of Joanna in the 2003 movie Love Actually and its 2017 short sequel Red Nose Day Actually.

Her father is comedy writer Martin Olson.

References

Other websites
 

1992 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American singer-songwriters
American pianists
American adoptees
American guitarists
American R&B singers
American R&B musicians
Actors from Los Angeles
Singers from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
Musicians from Los Angeles
Hynden Walch

Heidi Hynden Walch (born February 1, 1971) is an American actress, writer, and singer. She is best known for voicing Princess Bubblegum in Adventure Time and Starfire in Teen Titans and Teen Titans Go!, The Powerpuff Girls.

Other websites
Official website

1971 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television writers
Writers from Iowa
Singers from Iowa
Actors from Davenport, Iowa
Ada Township, Michigan

Ada Township () is a General Law Township within Kent County, Michigan. It is an upscale suburb of Grand Rapids. As of the 2010 census, the township population was 13,142. Ada is the corporate home of Alticor and its  smaller companies Quixtar and Amway.

Other websites
 Ada Business Association
 Ada Connect Discussion Forum
 Ada Historical Society

Townships in Michigan
Rita Wilson

Margarita Ibrahimoff (born October 26, 1956) better known as Rita Wilson is an American actress, singer, and producer. She is best known for her roles in Sleepless in Seattle (1993), Now and Then (1995), Jingle All the Way (1996), The Story of Us (1999) and Runaway Bride (1999). She and her husband Tom Hanks produced the movie My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002).

On March 12, 2020, Tom Hanks announced that he and Wilson had tested positive for COVID-19 while Hanks was shooting Elvis in Australia.

References

Satellite Award winners
1956 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Hollywood
Singers from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Colin Hanks

Colin Lewes Hanks (born Colin Lewes Dillingham; November 24, 1977) is an American actor, director and producer. He is known for his roles such as Shaun Brumder in Orange County, Preston in King Kong, Oliver in The House Bunny, and Troy Gable in The Great Buck Howard. 

He is the oldest son of actor Tom Hanks.

References

Other websites
 

1977 births
Living people
Actors from Sacramento, California
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Wilson Moreira

Wilson Moreira (December 12, 1936 – September 6, 2018) was a Brazilian sambista singer-songwriter. He was especially known for his melody lines. He was born in the neighborhood of Realengo, in Rio de Janeiro.

Moreira was known for his works with Nei Lopes. One of their greatest hits is the song "Senhora Liberdade", which became an anthem in the Brazilian Diretas movement. Some other famous songs from the duo are "Gotas de Veneno", "Sandália Amarela" and the non-samba "Candongueiro".

Moreira died of multiple organ failure on September 6, 2018 in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 81.

References

Other websites
Cliquemusic 
Agenda do Samba & Choro 

1936 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Brazilian singers
Brazilian writers
Songwriters
People from Rio de Janeiro
Greenwood, Mississippi

Greenwood is a city in the U.S. State of Mississippi. The city is in west-central Mississippi. At the 2010 census, there were 15,205 people living there.

Cities in Mississippi
County seats in Mississippi
Captain D's

Captain D's is an American seafood restaurant company. They make fish, shrimp and fries. Captain D's was established in 1969 in Tennessee.

Captain D's is in many states, including Virginia, Texas, Illinois, Missouri, Georgia, Arkansas and Alabama.

In 2015, Captain D's had record-breaking success. The success came from its seafood expertise and product innovation. It introduced new menu items, such as Creamy Shrimp Scampi, Homestyle Fish Tenders and Crusted Tilapia.

References

American restaurants
1969 establishments in the United States
Companies based in Tennessee
Crimean Tatar Wikipedia

The Crimean Tatar Wikipedia () is the Crimean Tatar language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. The articles were originally written in Wikimedia Incubator, and the Crimean Tatar Wikipedia was created on January 12, 2008. As of ( ), Crimean Tatar has  articles.

Statistics 

As of  , Crimean Tatar Wikipedia has  articles.

The main problem of the project is a lack of volunteers. The vast majority of edits are made by several volunteers, none of whom is a native speaker.

References

Other websites
 Crimean Tatar Wikipedia 
 Crimeantatar Wikipedia mobile version (homepage not yet configured) 

Wikipedias
2008 establishments
Thor, Iowa

Thor is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Population

References 

Cities in Iowa
Thornburg, Iowa

Thornburg is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Thornton, Iowa

Thornton is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Thurman, Iowa

Thurman is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tiffin, Iowa

Tiffin is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tingley, Iowa

Tingley is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tipton, Iowa

This is about the town in Iowa, USA. For other towns called Tipton, see Tipton (disambiguation).

Tipton is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Cedar County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Titonka, Iowa

Titonka is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Toronto, Iowa

Toronto is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Traer, Iowa

Traer is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Treynor, Iowa

Treynor is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Tripoli, Iowa

Tripoli is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Truesdale, Iowa

Truesdale is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Truro, Iowa

Truro is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Turin, Iowa

Turin is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Udell, Iowa

Udell is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Underwood, Iowa

Underwood is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Union, Iowa

Union is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Whitten, Iowa

Whitten is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Unionville, Iowa

Unionville is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
University Heights, Iowa

University Heights is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
University Park, Iowa

University Park is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Urbana, Iowa

Urbana is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Ute, Iowa

Ute is a city in Iowa in the United States.

References

Cities in Iowa
Vail, Iowa

Vail is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Westside, Iowa

Westside is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Vinton, Iowa

Vinton is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Benton County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Benton County, Iowa

Benton County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,076. The county seat is Vinton. The county is named for Thomas Hart Benton, a U.S. Senator from Missouri.

Benton County was founded on December 21, 1837.

References 

1837 establishments in Wisconsin Territory
Iowa counties
Van Horne, Iowa

Van Horne is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Gianuario Carta

Gianuario (Ariuccio) Carta, (1 January 1931 – 14 February 2017) was an Italian politician of the Christian Democracy political party. Carta served as Deputy and Senator of Italian Parliament from 1968 to 1983 and was minister of the Merchant Navy from 1983 to 1986 in the Craxi I Cabinet. He was born in Bitti, Sardinia.

Carta died on 14 February 2017 in Cagliari at the age of 86.

References 

1931 births
2017 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian lawyers
People from Sardinia
John Wesley Hardin

John Wesley Hardin 1853-1895 was a Texas killer, outlaw gambler and lawyer.

Other websites
Outlaw Villians wiki
John Wesley Hardin

1853 births
1895 deaths
People from Texas
Criminals
American Old West
Tuzla

Tuzla is the third largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has about 110,000 people lived there.

References 

Cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Chester, Connecticut

Chester is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 3,743 at the 2000 census.

Towns in Connecticut
Law of the Minimum

The Law of the minimum, also called Liebig's law of the minimum, is a law about the growth of plants. Its states that the growth of a plant is limited by the resource, which is most scarce, and nor by the total amount of resources available. The law has also been used to predict the growth of populations.

Wassily Leontief (1905-1999) formulated a similar rule for economics: It is known as Leontief production function today.

Liebig's barrel 

Dobenecks used the image of a barrel — often called "Liebig's barrel" — to explain Liebig's law. In a barrel, with staves of unequal length, the capacity of the barrel is determined by the shortest stave. This is also true for the growth of a  plant: it is limited by the nutrient in shortest supply.

If a system satisfies the law of the minimum then adaptation will equalize the load of different factors because the adaptation resource will be allocated for compensation of limitation. Adaptation systems act as the cooper of Liebig's barrel and lengthens the shortest stave to improve barrel capacity. Indeed, in well-adapted systems the limiting factor should be compensated as far as possible. This observation follows the concept of resource competition and fitness maximization.

Due to the law of the minimum paradoxes, if we observe the Law of the Minimum in artificial systems, then under natural conditions adaptation will equalize the load of different factors and we can expect a violation of the law of the minimum. Inversely, if artificial systems demonstrate significant violation of the law of the minimum, then we can expect that under natural conditions adaptation will compensate this violation. In a limited system life will adjust as an evolution of what came before.

References

Ecology
ELife

eLife is a scientific journal for the biomedical and life sciences. It is peer-reviewed and open access. It was established at the end of 2012 by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Max Planck Society, and Wellcome Trust. These organizations gave the money for the journal's business and publishing operations.

The  editor-in-chief is Randy Schekman (University of California, Berkeley). Editorial decisions are made largely by senior editors and members of the board of reviewing editors, all of whom are active scientists working in fields ranging from human genetics and neuroscience to biophysics and epidemiology.

Business model 
The journal charges authors USD$2,500 for their papers to be published in the journal. It started doing this in 2017.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is indexed in Medline, BIOSIS Previews, Chemical Abstracts Service, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Scopus.
In 2016, the journal had an impact factor of 7.725. The journal claims that it will not advertise its impact factor.

eLife digests
Most articles in the journal have an "eLife digest". This is a short version of the article for people who aren't scientists. Since December 2014, the journal has been sharing some of the digests on Medium.

References

Other websites 

 
 eLife on Medium

Science and technology magazines
Naomi Osaka

is a professional tennis player. She won the 2018 US Open, defeating American Serena Williams in the final. This made her the first Japanese player to win a Grand Slam singles tournament. In 2019 she won the Australian Open and became world number 1. She turned professional in September 2013.

Osaka is Haitian-American-Japanese. She was born in Chūō-ku, Osaka. Her father is Haitian-American and her mother is Japanese. She grew up in the United States. She has both Japanese and American citizenship.

References

Other websites

 
 

1997 births
Living people
Competitors at the 2020 Summer Olympics
American tennis players
Australian Open champions
Japanese tennis players
People from Osaka
US Open (tennis) champions
World No. 1 tennis players
John H. Cox

John Herman Cox (born July 15, 1955 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American accountant, businessman, broadcaster, attorney, and politician. He ran for governor of California as a Republican in the 2018 election, but lost to Gavin Newsom in the general election. He unsuccessfully ran for governor in the 2021 recall election.

Beliefs 

Cox voted for Gary Johnson in the 2016 presidential election. He later said that he made a "mistake" in voting for Johnson. He was endorsed by Donald Trump in May 2018.

Cox is pro-life, meaning that he is against abortion. He said, ”abortion is murder--plain and simple--and that should be regulated by state law.”

He is against the death penalty.

He supports medical cannabis. He has suggested that Marijuana users should be hospitalized instead of sent to prison.

Cox is strongly against the "gas tax." The gas tax was passed in April 2017, and increased the cost of gas and diesel in California.

References

Other websites 
 Official campaign website

1955 births
Living people
US Republican Party politicians
Businesspeople from Chicago
Businesspeople from California
Politicians from California
Politicians from Chicago
Sebastian Janikowski

Sebastian Paweł Janikowski (; born March 2, 1978) is a Polish-born American football kicker. He played for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL).

1978 births
American football placekickers
Oakland Raiders players
Seattle Seahawks players
Sportspeople from California
Alameda County, California
Living people
Crystal field theory

Crystal Field Theory (CFT) is a scientific representation of how metals behave when dissolved in water to form a special type of chemical called a complex. This model may be used to predict the colors of certain metal containing chemicals when dissolved in water, as well as their reactions when placed near a magnet. It may also be use to predict the shape of the chemicals. CFT  does not predict the connections between atoms. CFT  was created by physicists Hans Bethe and John Hasbrouck van Vleck in 1930. It was later combined with the molecular orbital theory to create the ligand field theory, which does describe the connections between atoms.

References 

Chemical bonding
Transition metals
Commissioner of Internal Revenue

The Commissioner of Internal Revenue (or IRS Commissioner) is the head of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), an agency within the United States Department of the Treasury.

The office of Commissioner was created by Congress by the Revenue Act of 1862. Their job is to administer and supervise the execution and application of the internal revenue laws. The Commissioner is appointed by the President, with the consent of the Senate, for a five-year term.

The current commissioner is Charles P. Rettig. He appeared before the Senate Finance Committee on June 28, 2018 for his confirmation hearing. The committee approved his nomination on July 19, 2018. His nomination was approved by the full senate on September 12, 2018.

Notes
David Kautter

David Kautter is an American lawyer and tax policy advisor. He is the Assistant Secretary of the United States Treasury for Tax Policy. He was a partner at accounting firm RSM International. 

Kautter was a partner at Ernst & Young and served as tax legislative counsel for former U.S. Senator John Danforth. 

On October 26, 2017, President Donald Trump announced the designation of Kautter to be the acting commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service effective November 13, 2017.

References

Other websites
 Faculty profile at American University

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Commissioners of Internal Revenue
Charles P. Rettig

Charles P. Rettig (born November 18, 1956) is the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the term expiring November 12, 2022.

He was a partner at the Beverly Hills tax law firm of Hochman, Salkin, Rettig, Toscher & Perez, P.C., "known in the industry as a controversy firm" according to the Los Angeles Times.

References

1956 births
Living people
New York University alumni
Lawyers from Los Angeles
Sheldon S. Cohen

Sheldon S. Cohen (June 28, 1927 – September 4, 2018) was an American attorney. He was the Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 1965 to 1969 during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration. He was born in Washington, D.C..

Cohen died of heart failure on September 4, 2018, in Chevy Chase, Maryland at age 91.

References

1927 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Commissioners of Internal Revenue
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
US Democratic Party politicians
Jack Ma

Ma Yun (, ; born 10 September 1964), known professionally as Jack Ma, is a Chinese business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is the co-founder and executive chairman of Alibaba Group. As of April 2021, with a net worth of $51.5 billion, Ma is the third-richest person in China.

Ma retired from Alibaba on 10 September 2018 and focused on educational charity work.

References

Other websites

Leadership biographies at Alibaba Group

Biography  at The Nature Conservancy (Board of Directors)
Book  (Success Story)

1964 births
Living people
People from Hangzhou
Chinese businesspeople
Chinese philanthropists
Irving Petlin

Irving Petlin (December 17, 1934 – September 1, 2018) was an American artist and painter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Petlin was known for his mastery of the pastel medium and collaborations with other artists. He was a member of the Chicago Imagists.

Petlin died of liver cancer in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts on September 1, 2018 at the age of 83.

References

Other websites

"Irving Petlin: The Committed Brushstroke by Peter Selz.
Irving Petlin, Este Mundo by Carrie Moyer at The Brooklyn Rail
from Nomadics Blog: 3 Irving Petlin Shows in New York poet Pierre Joris provides links and commentary on his blog to the 3 major Petlin shows that occurred in New York City in early 2010
Press: Three essays on Petlin link provides access to free PDF online versions of seminal Petlin retrospectives by Edward Fry (from the Wiesswald exhibition catalogue), Paul Cummings ("The Precincts of Light"), and Michael Palmer ("A Bonfire in the Starry Night")
The Unbearable Yet Obligatory, And other shows of modern and contemporary works

1934 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
American painters
Artists from Chicago
Lori Lightfoot

Lori Elaine Lightfoot (born August 4, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician. Lightfoot is the 56th Mayor of Chicago since 2019. On April 2, 2019, Lightfoot was elected mayor. She is the first African-American woman and first LGBT individual elected to the position of Mayor of Chicago.

Early life
Lightfoot was born in Massillon, Ohio. She studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and University of Chicago. Lightfoot took jobs working for Congress members Ralph Regula and Barbara Mikulski.

Legal career
Lightfoot had several different jobs working for the government in Chicago. She used to be Chief of Staff and General Counsel of the Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications (OEMC). She also used to be First Deputy of the Chicago Department of Procurement Services. Lightfoot was President of the Chicago Police Board and Chair of the Chicago Police Accountability Task Force.

A lawyer, she worked for the Senior Equity Partner in the Litigation & Conflict Resolution Group at Mayer Brown LLP.

Mayor of Chicago

Campaign
On May 10, 2018, Lori Lightfoot announced her candidacy for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 Mayoral Election. Lightfoot is the first openly-lesbian candidate in the history of Chicago. She, along with Toni Preckwinkle, advanced to the runoff election on April 2. Some activists were against her becoming mayor because she worked with the police.

On April 2, 2019, Lori Lightfoot won the election, becoming the first African-American woman and openly lesbian individual to be mayor of Chicago. She got 77% of the vote while Preckwinkle got 23%.

Tenure
Lightfoot took office on May 20, 2019. A few days later, Lightfoot picked Tom Tunney as Vice Mayor. People continued to protest against her, especially when the Black Lives Matter movement became even bigger after George Floyd was killed. She had also ordered a stay-at-home order and closed many restaurants and people gatherings due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois.

Personal life
Lightfoot lives in the Logan Square neighborhood on Chicago's North Side and is married to Amy Eshleman. They have an adopted daughter named Vivian who was eleven when Lightfoot was elected.

References

Other websites

1962 births
Living people
Mayors of Chicago
Lesbians
LGBT politicians
LGBT people from Ohio
Politicians from Ohio
LGBT people from Chicago
US Democratic Party politicians
Lawyers from Chicago
Ina Isings

Clasina Isings (15 February 1919 – 3 September 2018) was a Dutch professor of classical archeology. From 1961 to 1995, she managed the collection of the Provincial Utrecht Society of Arts and Sciences (PUG). She was born in Soest, Netherlands. She also worked at University of Utrecht.

Isings died in Bilthoven, Netherlands on 3 September 2018 at the age of 99.

References

1919 births
2018 deaths
Dutch scientists
Dutch educators
Archaeologists
Fenn treasure

The Fenn Treasure is a treasure worth over a million dollars was supposedly hidden by art dealer and author Forrest Fenn (August 22, 1930 – September 7, 2020) in the Rocky Mountains. 

Fenn said he was going to go back and get it when the value given by newspapers is inflated to 10 million dollars. When asked why he created the treasure hunt, Fenn said he "just wanted to give people some hope." 

Many people have claimed to have found the treasure, but no one has provided any evidence to him supporting their claim. As of July 2017, Fenn has stated "The treasure remains where I hid it about 7 years ago". Many searchers have been within 200 feet (60 m) of the treasure and many within 500 feet (150 m). 

Four people are known to have died while searching for the treasure. New Mexico police have tried to pressure Fenn into ending the hunt.

The treasure was found by an unknown person in June 2020.

Fenn was born in Temple, Texas. He died on September 7, 2020 in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 90.

References

Other websites
Old Santa Fe Trading Company, Fenn's business Web site and blog

Mysteries
June 2020 events
Yang Side

Yang Side (; 11 December 1921 – 7 September 2018) was a Chinese major general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He was Minister of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee.

Yang was Vice Minister of the Liaison Department of the General Political Department, Minister of the Central Taiwan Affairs Office, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, executive deputy director of the  Macau, Taiwan and Hong Kong Liaison Committee, among other positions.

Yang died in Beijing on 7 September 2018 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1921 births
2018 deaths
Chinese generals
Communists
Chinese politicians
Billy Long

William H. Long II (born August 11, 1955) is an American auctioneer and politician. He is the U.S. Representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district since 2011. He is a Republican.

In August 2021, Long announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election.

References

Other websites
 Congressman Billy Long official U.S. House site
 Billy Long for Congress
 
 
 

1955 births
Living people
United States representatives from Missouri
People from Springfield, Missouri
US Republican Party politicians
Halloween (2018 movie)

Halloween is a 2018 American slasher horror movie directed by David Gordon Green and written by Green, Jeff Fradley, and Danny McBride. It is the eleventh installment in the Halloween franchise. It is a direct sequel to the 1978 movie of the same name.

Jamie Lee Curtis and Nick Castle star as their roles as Laurie Strode and Michael Myers, respectively. The movie also stars Judy Greer, Andi Matichak, Will Patton, Haluk Bilginer, Toby Huss and Virginia Gardner.

It was released on October 19, 2018, a week before the 40th anniversary of John Carpenter's original Halloween. The movie received strong positive reviews from critics and fans. A sequel, Halloween Kills, was released on October 15, 2021.

References

2018 horror movies
Halloween movies
American serial killer movies
Movies set in Illinois
Movies set in 2018
Disclosure (band)

Disclosure are an English electronic music duo. The duo are brothers Howard (born 11 May 1994) and Guy Lawrence (born 25 May 1991). They grew up in Reigate, Surrey. Their first album, Settle, released on 3 June 2013, by PMR Records, was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards. Their second album, Caracal (2015) was also nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards.

The group had their first UK hit in October 2012 with "Latch". This recording was a collaboration with other musicians, co-written with Jimmy Napes and featuring the vocals from Sam Smith. It reached number 11 in the UK Singles Chart.

In 2013 they were voted into the BBC Radio 1xtra 'Hot Ten For 2013' and had two consecutive top 10 hit singles in "White Noise" (number two) (with AlunaGeorge) and "You & Me" (number 10) (with Eliza Doolittle).

References

Musicians from Surrey
Sibling musical duos
Musical groups established in 2010
Electronic music bands
Benjamin Civiletti

Benjamin Richard Civiletti (born July 17, 1935) is an American politician. He was the United States Attorney General during the last year and a half of the Carter administration, from 1979 to 1981. He was the first Italian American to serve as Attorney General.

Since 2001, Civiletti is one of the three members of the Independent Review Board, a board that the International Brotherhood of Teamsters union must answer to when allegations of corruption or organized crime.

References

1935 births
Living people
United States Attorneys General
Politicians from New York City
People from Peekskill, New York
US Democratic Party politicians
United States Deputy Attorneys General
Lawyers from New York City
Oganesson

Oganesson is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Og and atomic number 118. Oganesson has the highest atomic number and highest atomic mass of all known elements. The radioactive oganesson atom is very unstable, and since 2005, only five (possibly six) atoms of the isotope oganesson-294 have been created.

History 
The element is named in honor of Yuri Oganessian. It was first created in 2002 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia by a joint team of Russian and American scientists. In December 2015, it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of the international scientific people at IUPAC and IUPAP. It was formally named on 28 November 2016. It had a previous name given by the IUPAC called "Ununoctium" meaning "one-one-eight" in Latin. This was a placeholder name until the element was discovered and a name was given. The possibility of a seventh noble gas, after helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, was considered almost as soon as the noble gas group was discovered. Danish chemist Hans Peter Jørgen Julius Thomsen predicted in April 1895, the year after the discovery of argon, that there was a whole group of chemically unreactive gases similar to argon that would link the halogen and alkali metal groups. He expected that the seventh of this series would end a 32-element period which contained elements like thorium and uranium and have an atomic weight of 292, close to the 294 now known for the first and only confirmed isotope of oganesson.

Chemistry 
The chemistry of Oganesson can not be found because of how radioactive it is and how short its half-life is, which is only 0.69 milliseconds. However, predictions can be made based on properties the group has in common with each other. Since its a noble gas, it is predited that its going to be a diatomic molecule (it only pairs with itself).

Uses 

It currently has no use because of how radioactive and short its half life is.

Other websites 

WebElements.com - Oganesson
 Oganesson at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)

References 

Chemical elements
Eunice aphroditois

Eunice aphroditois, also known as the bobbit worm (or bobbitt worm) or sand striker, is an ambush predator of the sea floor. It is a polychaete worm dwelling in a burrow on the ocean floor. It buries its long body into the ocean bed of gravel, mud, or corals. It waves a few feelers (antennae) as a kind of lure.

When it feels a stimulus to one of its feelers, it attacks if it senses prey. Armed with sharp pincers, it attacks with such speed and ferocity that its prey is sometimes sliced in half. Usually, it drags the prey down into its burrow, and eats it there.

The procedure is well captured on YouTube, where the worm goes by the name of bobbit worm.

References 

Annelids
Zenani Mandela-Dlamini

Princess Zenani Mandela-Dlamini (born 4 February 1959) is a South African diplomat. She is the elder daughter of Nelson Mandela and his second wife, Winnie Mandela.

Biography
She was born in 1959. When she was four her father was sent to prison. She was not able to visit him until she was 16 years old.

Mandela-Dlamini studied at Waterford Kamhlaba United World College of Southern Africa and science at Boston University. At Boston she met Prince Thumbumuzi Dlamini, elder brother of the King of Swaziland, Mswati III and of Queen Mantfombi of the Zulus). They married in 1973 and had four children – Zaziwe (born 1977), Zamaswazi (1979), Zinhle (1980) and Zozuko (1992) – but are currently separated. They are co-owners of Mandela, Dlamini and Associates (International Business Consultants).
 
She was appointed ambassador for South Africa to Argentina in July 2012. She was the first of Mandela's children to enter public service. She served in this position until 2017, when she was appointed South African high commissioner to Mauritius.

After Mandela was elected president and his divorce to Winnie, Zenani accompanied her father to his inauguration. She become the stand-in First Lady of South Africa until her father remarried.

References

1959 births
Living people
Boston University alumni
First Ladies of South Africa
Nelson Mandela
Wapello, Iowa

Wapello is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Louisa County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Louisa County, Iowa

Louisa County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In 2010, 11,387 people lived there. The county seat is Wapello.

1836 establishments in Wisconsin Territory
Iowa counties
Washington, Iowa

Washington is a city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is the county seat of Washington County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Appanoose County, Iowa

Appanoose County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,884. The county seat is Centerville.

References 

1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Waukon, Iowa

Waukon is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Allamakee County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
West Union, Iowa

West Union is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Fayette County.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
Fayette County, Iowa

Fayette County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,880. The county seat is West Union.

References 

1837 establishments in Wisconsin Territory
Iowa counties
Valeria, Iowa

Valeria is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Jasper County, Iowa

Jasper County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 36,842. The county seat is Newton. The county was founded in 1846 and is named after Sergeant William Jasper, an American Revolutionary War hero.

References 

1846 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Van Meter, Iowa

Van Meter is a city in Dallas County, Iowa, United States. It is along the Raccoon River. The population was 1,016 at the 2010 census, with an estimated population in 2014 of 1,133.

References 

Cities in Iowa
Dallas County, Iowa

Dallas County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 66,135 people lived there. The county seat is Adel.

1846 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Van Wert, Iowa

Van Wert is a city in Decatur County, Iowa, United States. The population was 230 at the 2010 census.

It is at  (40.870070, -93.793457).

References 

Cities in Iowa
Decatur County, Iowa

Decatur County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 8,457 people lived there. The county seat is Leon.

1846 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Audubon County, Iowa

Audubon County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,119, making it Iowa's third-least populous county. The county seat is Audubon. The county was founded on January 15, 1851 and named after John James Audubon, the naturalist and artist.

References 

1851 establishments in Iowa
Iowa counties
Varina, Iowa

Varina is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Pocahontas County, Iowa

Pocahontas County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 7,310 people lived there. The county seat is Pocahontas.

1851 establishments in Iowa
Iowa counties
Ventura, Iowa

Ventura is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Black Hawk County, Iowa

Black Hawk County is a county in the northeastern part of U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 131,090, making it Iowa's fourth-most populous county. The county seat is Waterloo. The county was founded on February 17, 1843 and named after Black Hawk, a Sauk leader during the 1832 Black Hawk War.

References 

1843 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Victor, Iowa

Victor is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Villisca, Iowa

Villisca is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Vincent, Iowa

Vincent is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Volga, Iowa

Volga is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Anson, Maine

Anson is a town in Somerset County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,511 at the 2010 census. It includes the villages of Anson and North Anson.

Other websites
 https://ansonmaine.town/

Towns in Maine
Shelby County, Iowa

Shelby County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 12,167 people lived there. The county seat is Harlan.

1851 establishments in Iowa
Iowa counties
Madison County, Iowa

Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. In the 2010 census, 15,679 people lived there. The county seat is Winterset.

1846 establishments in Iowa Territory
Iowa counties
Williamsburg, Iowa

Williamsburg is a city in Iowa County, Iowa, United States. The population was 3,068 at the 2010 census. Aviation pioneer Eugene Ely was born outside Williamsburg.

Cities in Iowa
Waverly, Iowa

Waverly is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 9,874 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Bremer County.

The sister city of Waverly is the German city of Eisenach, which is famous for the Wartburg castle.

Cities in Iowa
County seats in Iowa
IUCN Red List of Ecosystems

The IUCN Red list of Ecosystems (RLE) is a global framework to monitor and document the status of ecosystems. Its main aim is to support the conservation and the use of resources. It is hoped to evaluate all ecosystems by 2025.
 
The Red List of Ecosystem was developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They also created the  Red List of Threatened Species™; a global frame to monitor the level of risk of animal and plant species.

References 

International Union for the Conservation of Nature
Moscow City Duma

The Moscow City Duma (, Moskovskaya Gorodskaya Duma) is the Russian regional parliament in Moscow, the unicameral City Duma (city council, a local parliament) of the Russian capital city of Moscow.

Politics of Russia
Moscow
High Plains (United States)

The High Plains are a subregion of the Great Plains. They are the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains.

The High Plains are in southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma, and south of the Texas Panhandle. They are mostly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota.

Geologically, the high plains are caused by the same process as caused the Rockies. The cause is the westward movement of North America away from Eurasia, which has been going on for over 100 million years. As the continent moved west, it subducted plates under the western side, and stretched out its eastern side. This explains why the western states all have some mountainous terrain, and the eastern states in the south are so low-lying.

From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around  to over . The High Plains has a "cold semi-arid" climate—Köppen BSk—they get between  of precipitation annually.

Due to low moisture and high elevation, the High Plains get extremes of temperature. The temperature range from day to night is usually , and 24-hour temperature shifts of  are possible.

In Browning, Montana from January 23, 1916 to January 24, 1916, the temperature fell from . This is the world record for the greatest temperature change in 24 hours. The region is known for the steady, and sometimes intense, winds that come from the west. These add a considerable wind chill factor in the winter.  The development of wind farms in the High Plains is one of the latest areas of economic development.

The High Plains has one of the lowest population densities of any region in the continental United States; Wyoming, for example, has the second lowest population density in the country after Alaska.

References 

Geography of Colorado
Koch's postulates

Koch's postulates  are four ideas about the relationship between a microbe and a disease. 

The postulates were made by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier ideas of Jakob Henle. They were refined and published by Koch in 1890. 

Koch applied the postulates to cholera and tuberculosis, but they have been used for other diseases. These postulates were made before viruses were discovered. Also, they did not realise that some people were "asymptomatic carriers": they could carry the disease without showing signs of it. The postulates are little used today. Other criteria are used, for example the Bradford Hill criteria for infectious diseases in modern public health.

Koch's postulates: 
 The suspected pathogen should be present in all cases of disease  but not in a healthy animal 
 The suspected pathogen should be grown in vitro in pure culture. 
 Cells from the pure culture of pathogen should cause disease in healthy animals. 
 The pathogen can be reisolated from the infected animal.

References 

Bacteria
Infectious diseases
Ralph Wolfe Cowan

Ralph Wolfe Cowan (December 16, 1931 – September 4, 2018) was an American portrait artist. He painted more reigning monarchs and heads of state than any artist in history. He was born in Phoebus, Virginia.

Cowan died in West Palm Beach, Florida on September 4, 2018 at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
 

1931 births
2018 deaths
American painters
People from Virginia
People from Florida