cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mahmoud Abou Zeid (Arabic محمود أبو زيد) or Shawkan (Arabic شوكان) is an Egyptian photojournalist. His photographs were published in many countries.  He has been in prison without a trial since 2013, after he took photographs of a protest in Egypt.

Work 

Many Egyptian news organizations used Shawkan's photos.  Shawkan's photos were in many international newspapers and magazines, including Time magazine, The Sun, Bild (a German newspaper) and Die Zeit.  In 2010, Shawkan went to work for Demotix, a photo agency in London. During the Arab Spring, Shawkan took photos of the Tahir Square protests in Cairo.

In 2013, Shawkan took photos of protests against the Egyptian president, Mohamed Morsi in Cairo.  Police arrested him.   Two other photographers were arrested at the same time: Louis Jammes, a French photographer and Mike Giglio, a US reporter. Jammes and Giglio are free but Shawkan is still in prison.

In March 2015, Shawkan wrote a letter about his torture in prison.  Shawkan's trial was scheduled for April 23, 2016.  Shawkan went to court, but the court did not free him.  The trial was changed to May 5.

Art exhibits 

In September 2016, Shawkan's photos were exhibited in New York at Bronx Documentary Center.   His work was also shown at Photoville in New York.

The Shawkan Photo Awards 

In 2015 a photojournalism prize, The Shawkan Photo Awards, was named for Shawkan.  The first winner was Islam Osama, who took a photo of the death of activist Shaimaa Sabbagh.

Campaign for freedom 

Shawkan was arrested on August 14, 2013 during protests against the government. More than 1000 people were killed and many protesters were arrested.  Two other journalists were arrested at the same time, one from France and one from the United States. The foreign journalists were freed quickly, but Shawkan was charged with weapons possession, illegal assembly, murder and attempted murder. One of the other journalists, Mike Giglio, said Shawkan only had a camera.

Many organizations want freedom for Shawkan. The Committee to Protect Journalists made a statement. 
Amnesty International said he should be free.  Orla Guerin from the BBC, Patrick Kingsley from the Guardian, and Peter Greste from Al-Jazeera, who was also in prison in Egypt, wrote to the Egyptian president.

Awards 
 2016 John Aubuchon Press Freedom Award
  from the  (organization that takes care of journalists)

References

Other websites 
 #FreeShawkan on Twitter
 Photos by imprisoned Egyptian photojournalist Mahmoud Abou Zeid

Egyptian people
Photojournalists
Political prisoners
CPJ International Press Freedom Award winners
Milltown is a borough in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States.

History
The Lenape (Native American people) had settlements along the Lawrence Brook. It would soon be called Lawrence Brook Mill. The 1903 classic western film The Great Train Robbery was shot in Milltown.

In March 2010, the Milltown City Council voted against changing the name of Petain Avenue. They said it would be difficult for the residents if the name changed. Petain Avenue is named for Philippe Pétain, a French World War I general who became the leader of the Vichy France government during World War II.

Geography
Milltown borough has a total area of  of land and  of water. The borough borders North Brunswick Township to the west and East Brunswick Township to the east.

Demographics

2010 Census
As of July 1, 2015, the borough's population was 7,004.

Government

Local government
The government of Milltown consists of a Mayor and a Borough Council. The council has six members. A Mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. In the 2009 election for governor, Republican Chris Christie received 56.2% of the vote (1,684 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 33% (982 votes). Independent Chris Daggett received 261 votes (.09%). In this election 49% of registered voters came out to cast their votes.

Education
The Milltown Public Schools serves students in public school for Kindergarten through eighth grade. For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students attend Spotswood High School in Spotswood.

Transportation

Roads and highways
, the borough had a total of  of roadways.

Public transportation
New Jersey Transit provides local bus service on weekdays along the 811 route and Coach USA Suburban Transit provides NYC rush-hour commuter service on the 400 route.

The Raritan River Railroad used to run through Milltown. The track and freight station still remain.

Notable people
People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Milltown include:
 J. Edward Crabiel (1916-1992), politician who served in the New Jersey Senate and as New Jersey Secretary of State, until forced to resign.
 David Kikoski (born 1961), jazz pianist.
 Danny Pintauro (born 1976), actor who got started as a child actor on the television soap opera As the World Turns, and in the movie Cujo, and came to prominence on the television series Who's the Boss?.
 Peter Plantec (born 1943), writer, digital artist and software designer.
 David Schwendeman (1924–2012), last full-time chief taxidermist of the American Museum of Natural History from 1959 to 1988; lifelong resident of Milltown.

References

Other websites
 Borough of Milltown website
 Milltown Public Schools
 School Data for the Milltown Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics

Middlesex County, New Jersey
Boroughs in New Jersey
John Ericson (sometimes spelled Erickson; September 25, 1926 – May 3, 2020) was a German-American movie and television actor. He was known for his roles in Pretty Boy Floyd (1960), Under Ten Flags (1960), Slave Queen of Babylon (1963), 7 Faces of Dr. Lao (1964), Operation Atlantis (1965), The Money Jungle (1968), The Bamboo Saucer (1968), Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971), Crash! (1977), and The Far Side of Jericho (2006).

Ericson died of pneumonia in Santa Fe, New Mexico on May 3, 2020 at the age of 93.

References

Other websites

1926 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Actors from North Rhine-Westphalia
American movie actors
American television actors
German movie actors
German television actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Düsseldorf
Ben Roy Mottelson (born July 9, 1926) is an American-born Danish nuclear physicist.  He won the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the non-spherical geometry of atomic nuclei.

Early life
Mottelson was born in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Lyons Township High School in LaGrange, Illinois. He received a Bachelor's degree from Purdue University in 1947, and a Ph.D. in nuclear physics from Harvard University in 1950.

Career
In 1950–51, James Rainwater (1917 – 1986) and Aage Bohr (1922 – 2009) had developed models of the atomic nucleus. It began learn the behaviour of the individual nucleons.  Mottelson worked with Aage Bohr to share the theoretical models with experimental data.

In three papers which were published in 1952–53, Bohr and Mottelson demonstrated close agreement between theory and experiment, for example showing that the energy levels of certain nuclei could be described by a rotation spectrum.  This work stimulated new theoretical and experimental studies.

Nobel Prize (1975)
Rainwater, Bohr and Mottelson were jointly awarded the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection".

Later career
Bohr and Mottelson continued to work together, publishing a two-volume monograph, Nuclear Structure. The first volume, Single-Particle Motion, appeared in 1969, and the second volume, Nuclear Deformations, in 1975.

Professor Mottelson is a member of the Board of Sponsors of The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.

He is a foreign fellow of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences and the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 1969, he won the Atoms for Peace Award.

Personal life
Mottelson has dual citizenship. He has both Danish and American citizenship. He lives in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Mottelson was married to Nancy Jane Reno from 1948 until her death in 1975. They had two sons and one daughter. Mottelson then married Britta Marger Siegumfeldt in 1983.

References

Other websites

 Nobel prize press release
 Autobiography from the Nobel foundation website
 Ben Roy Mottelson 

1926 births
Living people
American academics
American Nobel Prize winners
American physicists
Danish academics
Danish physicists
Harvard University alumni
Scientists from Chicago
Danish Nobel Prize winners
Educators from Chicago
Isan is the name for a number of closely related dialects which are spoken in the Northeast of Thailand and neighbouring countries. Isan is mostly used for informal  communication. Isan consists of a number of dialects, there is no official language. People who speak one dialect usually understand the others. When Isan is written down, the Thai alphabet is used most of the time. Very rarely, the Lao alphabet, which is also used to write the Laotian language is used. About 20 million people speak the Isan language as their first language. About a third of the population of Thailand, and 80% of the speakers of Laotian understand it.

Languages of Asia
Pierre-Joseph Redouté (10 July 1759 in Saint-Hubert – 19 June 1840 in Paris) was a painter and botanist from the Southern Netherlands. He is known for his watercolours of roses, lilies and other flowers. He was nicknamed "the Raphael of flowers" and has been called the greatest botanical illustrator of all time. Many of the species he painted had never been illustrated before.

He was an official court artist of Queen Marie Antoinette, and he continued painting through the French Revolution and Reign of Terror.

For fifty years, Redouté was the drawing teacher to French queens and princesses. He dedicated Choix des plus belles fleurs to two of his students, Louise and Marie d’Orléans. Later, Marie d’Orléans became the first queen of the Belgians.

Principal works 
 Geraniologia, ed. Petri-Francisci Didot (1787–88)
 Traité des arbres et arbustes que l'on cultive en France, par Duhamel. Nouvelle édition, avec des figures, d'après les dessins de P. J. Redouté, 7 vols. (1800–1819)
 Les Liliacées, 8 vols. (1802–1816); Taschen America (2000) ; SCD, University of Strasbourg. (1802-1816) On line. 
 Les Roses, 3 vols. (1817–1824); French & European Pubns (1954) ; Pierre-Joseph Redoute, Sandra Raphael (Narrator), Ian Jackson (Translator), CD-ROM Octavo (2002) ; NYPL On Line. or Rare Book Room (1817–1824 from Library of Congress) or Rare Book Room (1817 from The Warnock Library).  Taschen has also published this as part of its 25th Anniversary series.
 
Choix des plus belles fleurs et de quelques branches des plus beaux fruits. Dédié à LL. AA. RR. les princesses Louise et Marie d'Orléans (1827)   
Catalogue de 486 liliacées et de 168 roses peintes par P.-J. Redouté (1829)
Alphabet Flore (1835)

Posthumously published, in 1989:
 Champignons du Luxembourg. Planches inédites de Pierre-Joseph Redouté (1759–1840). Manuscrit de Louis Marchand (1807–1843). Ministère d'Etat. Government commission for the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of Independence of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Musée national d'histoire naturelle; Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois, 1989.

References 

1759 births
1840 deaths
Belgian biologists
Belgian painters
Botanists
People from Luxembourg (Belgium)
Nina Nikolayevna Arkhipova (Нина Николаевна Архипова; 1 May 1921 – 24 April 2016) was a Soviet-born Russian movie and stage actress. She was a People's Artist of the RSFSR (1988). She was known for her roles in Bountiful Summer, Prosnis i poy, Burnt by the Summer. She was born in Omsk, USSR.

Arkhipova died in Moscow, Russia from complications of pneumonia on 24 April 2016, aged 94.

Recognition and Awards 
 Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1967)
 People's Artist of the RSFSR (1988)
 Order of Friendship (1996))
   Medal In Commemoration of the 850th Anniversary of Moscow

References

Other websites
 

1921 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Russian movie actors
Soviet movie actors
Russian stage actors
The Sweet Escape is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani, released on December 1, 2006 by Interscope Records.

Track listing

Notes
  signifies an additional producer
  signifies a co-producer
  signifies an additional vocal producer
 "Wind It Up" contains interpolations from the composition "The Lonely Goatherd", written by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein.

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Sweet Escape.

 Gwen Stefani – lead vocals
 Akon – keyboards, production, programming, vocals 
 Andrew Alekel – recording 
 Angel Aponte – additional recording 
 Trinka Baggetta – A&R coordination
 Matt Beck – guitar 
 Yvan Bing – assistant engineering 
 Stephen Bradley – baritone, trumpet 
 Julian Chan – recording 
 Jolie Clemens – art direction, layout
 Andrew Coleman – recording 
 Greg Collins – bass ; recording ; guitar ; additional vocal production ; additional vocals recording 
 Cindy Cooper – art and packaging coordination, photography
 Pete Davis – additional keyboards, additional mix programming 
 Loren Dawson – keyboards 
 Alex Dromgoole – assistant engineering ; guitar ; bass 
 Bojan Dugic – recording 
 David Emery – assistant engineering ; guitar 
 Ron Fair – orchestra production 
 Jason Finkel – assistant engineering 
 Nicole Frantz – art and packaging coordination, photography
 Brian "Big Bass" Gardner – mastering
 Sean Garrett – backing vocals, co-production 
 Brian Garten – recording 
 Simon Gogerly – recording 
 Mark "Exit" Goodchild – recording 
 Scheila Gonzalez – clarinet, flute, saxophone 
 Martin Gore – guitar 
 Jill Greenberg – fine art concept, photography
 Keith Gretlein – recording 
 Hart Gunther – assistant engineering 
 Richard Hawley – guitar 
 Nellee Hooper – production 
 Jimmy Iovine – A&R direction
 Neil Kanal – programming, recording ; keyboards 
 Tony Kanal – keyboards, production, programming 
 Ryan Kennedy – assistant engineering 
 Anthony LoGerfo – percussion 
 Aidan Love – programming 
 Tony Love – guitar 
 Gabrial McNair – keyboards ; baritone, trombone 
 Jonathan Merritt – recording 
 Kevin Mills – recording ; assistant engineering 
 Colin Mitchell – recording 
 Dror Mohar – assistant engineering 
 Angelo Moore – saxophone 
 The Neptunes – production 
 Ewan Pearson – programming 
 Pharrell – vocals 
 Glenn Pittman – assistant engineering 
 Mark Ralph – guitar 
 Tim Rice-Oxley – keyboards, piano 
 Kingston James McGregor Rossdale – baby sounds 
 Ian Rossiter – assistant engineering 
 Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing ; additional production 
 Swizz Beatz – production 
 Talent Bootcamp Kids – additional vocals 
 Phil Tan – mixing 
 Steve Tolle – assistant engineering 
 Rich Travali – mixing 
 Giorgio Tuinfort – co-production, keyboards, programming 
 Mark Williams – A&R direction

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

2006 albums
Gwen Stefani albums
Pop albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Inge King AM (26 November 1915 – 24 April 2016) was a German-born Australian sculptor. She received many public commissions. Her work is held in public and private collections. Her best known work is Forward Surge (1974) at the Melbourne Arts Centre. She became a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in January 1984.

References

Other websites
Inge King at the Women's Art Register 
Article in Art Forum
Capturing the spirit of the times
Article in The Age
Exhibition, Commissions and Awards list at Australia Galleries 
The sculpture of Inge King, including her 2009 exhibition "Sculpture: Maquettes and Recent Work"
Sculpture: 'MoonBird' at the Lodge, Canberra 
Inge King and Grahame King Website

1915 births
2016 deaths
Australian artists

German centenarians
German sculptors
People from Berlin
Darrell Trayler Hogan (July 2, 1926 – April 6, 2016) was an American football player. He played from 1949 through 1953 with the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League.

Hogan was born in San Antonio, Texas. He first studied at Baylor University before moving to Trinity University. Hogan was raised in Hot Wells, Texas. He coached high school football and track and field in Texas after his playing days. He was inducted into the Trinity University Athletics Hall of Fame in 2003. 

Hogan died on April 6, 2016 from heart failure in Bandera, Texas, aged 89.

References

Other websites
Just Sports Stats

1926 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Texas
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Sportspeople from San Antonio, Texas
Royston Hulbert Nash (July 23, 1933 – April 4, 2016) was an English conductor. He was best known as a music director of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company and, later, as the conductor of the Cape Cod Symphony Orchestra.

Nash was born in Southampton, England. 

His career as a conductor began with the Royal Marines from 1957 to 1970.  He then joined D'Oyly Carte, becoming Music Director from 1971 to 1979.  There, he led the company during its centenary year in 1975 and issued a number of recordings, including the company's only recordings of Utopia, Limited, The Grand Duke, and The Zoo, as well as recordings of some rarely heard Sullivan music.  

He then moved to the United States, where he became musical director of the Cape Cod Symphony Orchestra, the Nashua Symphony Orchestra, and other ensembles, until his retirement in 2007. He also founded and conducted Symphony by the Sea.

Nash died at the McCarthy Care Center in East Sandwich, Massachusetts on April 4, 2016, aged 82.

References

Other websites
  
 Photo of Nash in Massachusetts in 2011 at the CCSO's 50th Anniversary
 Royston Nash credits at Allmusic

1933 births
2016 deaths
Conductors
People from Southampton
Jules Shungu Wembadio Pene Kikumba, or commonly known as Papa Wemba (June 14, 1949 – April 24, 2016) was a Congolese rumba (later known as soukous) singer and musician. He was one of Africa's most popular musicians, and known in world music. He was born in Lubefu, Sankuru District, Belgian Congo. He worked with Zaiko Langa Langa and Viva la Musica.

Wemba, who suffered from epilepsy, died after suffering a seizure on stage in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire on April 24, 2016 at the age of 66.

References

Other websites
 Papa Wemba Official Web Site 
 
 Biography of Papa Wemba, Soukous Radio

1949 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from epilepsy
People from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Singers
Musicians
Smelting is the general term for getting a metal from its natural ore. Gold is an exception because it is usually found as a pure metal. Other metals, like iron, copper, zinc, and silver, need to be got from their ore.

The process of smelting always involves heating the ore, and may also use a reducing agent like coke or charcoal. Most ores are oxides, sulfides or carbonates. This process removes the nonmetal part, leaving behind the metal. Ores are not pure, so a flux is added to carry away the impurities. Limestone is the usual flux for this purpose. It removes the impurities as slag.

Beyond this, each metal has its own special methods. Producing iron from its ore is done in a blast furnace. Producing zinc or aluminium from their ores requires (in addition to heat) electrolysis.

Iron is smelted from iron ore in large reactors called blast furnaces. A blast furnace is a tall vertical structure which is fed with coke, iron ore and limestone. When hot air is blown in the blast furnace, the coke will burn and reduce the oxygen off the ore, producing bare iron and carbon dioxide. The limestone will bind off any remaining bedrock. The iron melts in the hot temperature and is tapped off in liquid phase at the bottom. It is then worked into steel. The limestone and bedrock form a compound called slag. It can be used for making bricks, concrete or road topping. Earlier methods include Bloomery.

Aluminum is smelted in electric ovens called electric arc furnaces. The aluminum ore is poured on the bottom of the furnace and electric current is led through the ore. The temperature rises so high that the oxygen separates, leaving metallic aluminum.

Copper is poured on naked flame which burns off sulfur and other impurities, leaving raw copper. Electrolysis uses electric current to separate the copper in big pools, which contain water solution called electrolyte. An electric current is led in the pool, and all copper will gather on the electrode called cathode. 

Metallurgy and especially smelting is a key to the early civilizations. The earliest evidence of copper smelting dates from between 5500 BC and 5000 BC. The sites are in Pločnik and Belovode, Serbia.

References 

Ores
Manufacturing
The River Wandle is a river in south-east England. The river runs through southwest London. 

Rain falls on the North Downs, filters through the chalk and emerges on the spring line. The river is first visible at Wandle Park in Croydon. It passes through the London Boroughs of Croydon, Sutton, Merton, and Wandsworth to join the River Thames at Wandsworth. The River Wandle is between 9 and 11 miles long.

History of the River Wandle 
The river has been used since Roman times. It was heavily industrialised in the 17th and 18th centuries and was one of the most polluted rivers in England.  

In Victorian times the Wandle was one of hardest working rivers in the world. The river was used to power 68 water wheels, of which only a few survive, such as at Merton Abbey Mills.

On 17 September 2007, a chemical was accidentally flushed into the Wandle from Thames Water's Beddington sewage works. The chemical was being used to clean, but instead of being put back through the treatment works, it was accidentally put into the river. This resulted in over 2,000 fish of various species being killed. The company failed to tell the Environment Agency of the incident, as the site manager thought it wasn't important. 

Dry fly fishing was first started for catching trout from the river. Cleanups of the Wandle have improved the water quality, leading to a return of the river's once famous brown trout. This improvement in water quality has also seen other fish thrive. There are stocks of chub, roach and perch all flourishing once again with the most popular angling spots situated on the river at Colliers Wood. 

Also found in the River Wandle are water voles, otters, the common toad, and grey heron. Water voles usually live along rivers. Otters are one of the top river predators, feeding mainly on fish.

The river is managed with artificial channels, runoff ditches and a few underground stretches.

References 

Rivers of England
International Downtown Association (IDA) is an international organization dedicated to Downtowns and city centers around the world. The organization is located in Washington D.C., United States and was established in 2011. IDA is a world leader and champion for vital and livable urban centers. Through its network of diverse practitioners, its rich body of knowledge, and its unique capacity to nurture community-building partnerships, IDA provides tools, intelligence and strategies for creating healthy and dynamic centers that anchor the well-being of towns, cities and regions of the world.

Other websites 
  International Downtown Association

Urban planning organizations
1954 establishments in the United States
Washington, D.C.
International organizations
Organizations based in the United States
Thomas Colin Campbell (born March 14, 1934) is an American biochemist. He works in the effect of nutrition on long-term health. He is the Jacob Gould Schurman Professor Emeritus of Nutritional Biochemistry at Cornell University.

Career
Campbell has become known for his advocacy of a low-fat, whole foods, plant-based diet. He is the author of over 300 research papers and three books, The China Study (2005, co-authored with his son, Thomas M. Campbell II), which became one of America's best-selling books about nutrition), Whole (2013) and The Low-Carb Fraud (2014). Campbell featured in the 2011 American documentary Forks Over Knives.

His works
 Diet, Life-style and Mortality in China (1991)
 The China Study (2005)
 Whole: Rethinking the Science of Nutrition (2013)
 Campbell, T. Colin, and Caldwell Esselstyn, Jr, MD. "Forks Over Knives: How a Plant-Based Diet Can Save America". Huffington Post, May 13, 2011.
 Campbell, T. Colin. "Nutrition: The Future of Medicine", The Huffington Post, October 25, 2010.
 Campbell, T. Colin. "Low Fat Diets Are Grossly Misrepresented". Huffington Post, September 28, 2010.
 Campbell, T. Colin, PhD, with Jacobson, Howard, PhD. (2014) The Low-Carb Fraud. BenBella Books.

References

Other websites
T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies

1934 births
Living people
American biochemists
Educators from Pennsylvania
Writers from Pennsylvania
Scientists from Pennsylvania
Jeffrey Alan "Jeff" Merkley (born October 24, 1956) is an American politician. He is the junior United States Senator from Oregon. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Merkley was a five-term member of the Oregon House of Representatives representing House District 47, located in eastern Multnomah County within the Portland city limits. He also served as Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives.

He defeated two-term Republican incumbent Gordon Smith in the 2008 U.S. Senate election and easily defeated Monica Wehby in the 2014 U.S. Senate election.

Merkely was the first member of the Senate to endorse Bernie Sanders in his bid for the Democratic nomination for President.

References

Other websites

 Senator Jeff Merkley official U.S. Senate site
 Jeff Merkley for Senate
 

1956 births
Living people
United States senators from Oregon
US Democratic Party politicians
21st-century American politicians
American Lutherans
American Protestants
American philanthropists
Princeton University alumni
Stanford University alumni
Perry Oliver Hooper, Sr. (April 8, 1925 – April 24, 2016), was an American jurist. He served as the twenty-seventh Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court from 1995 to 2001. He was the first Republican since Reconstruction to have been elected to his state's highest court.

Hooper died at his home in Montgomery, Alabama on April 24, 2016, aged 91.

References

1925 births
2016 deaths
American judges
US Republican Party politicians
Politicians from Birmingham, Alabama
Benjamin Taisacan Manglona (March 31, 1938 – April 24, 2016) was a Northern Mariana Islands politician and civil engineer. He was the island's longest serving elected official having served as a congressman, senator, and former mayor of Rota (the third largest island in the island's chain).

Manglona served as the third Lieutenant Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands of the Northern Mariana Islands from 1990 to 1994 and as Mayor of Rota from 1998 to 2006.

Manglona died on April 24, 2016 in Rota, Northern Mariana Islands from a stroke, aged 78.

References

1938 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Northern Mariana Islands
Civil servants
Lieutenant Governors of the Northern Mariana Islands
Vera Vasilyeva Kuzminichna (born 30 September 1925) is a Soviet-born Russian movie and stage actress. She was honored with People's Artist of the USSR in 1986. She was twice awarded the Stalin Prize in 1948 and in 1951. She was known for her roles in Bride with a Dowry (1954), Pokhozhdeniya zubnogo vracha (1965) and Bezumnyy den ili zhenitba Figaro (1974). Her career began in 1943.

Vasilyeva was born in Moscow. She was married to actor Vladimir Ushakov until his death in 2011. They had no children.

References

Other websites
 

1925 births
Living people
Russian movie actors
Russian stage actors
Actors from Moscow
Tamio "Tommy" Kono (June 27, 1930 – April 24, 2016) was an American weightlifter in the 1950s and 1960s.
Kono was the only Olympic weightlifter in history to have set world records in four different weight classes: lightweight (149 pounds or 67.5 kilograms), middleweight (165 lb or 75 kg), light-heavyweight (182 lb or 82.5 kg), and middle-heavyweight (198 lb or 90 kg).

In 1993 Kono was elected to the International Weightlifting Federation Hall of Fame.  Kono was also an inductee to the Association of Oldetime Barbell and Strongmen (A.O.B.S.) Hall of Fame.

Kono died on April 24, 2016 in Honolulu, Hawaii from complications of liver disease, aged 85.

References

Other websites
 Tommy Kono, Hall of Fame at Lift Up
 

1930 births
2016 deaths
American Olympic gold medalists
American Olympic silver medalists
Deaths from liver disease

Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Sacramento, California
Sportsmen
Family Portrait or Družinski portret is a painting by artist France Kralj (1895—1960).  Kralj painted the picture in 1926.  The size of the painting is 45 in. by 51 in. (115.5 cm by 130.3 cm).  The material is oil on canvas.  The painting is in the Museum of Modern Art in Ljubljana.

The title of the painting in Slovenian language is "Družinski portret".  The painting shows Kralj, his wife, and his child.  They are leaving his studio after work.  The painting is an example of the New Objectivity style of art in Slovenia.

There are two special things about the painting.  First, the painting shows the artist's personal life.  Kralj did not usually use his personal life as a subject for paintings.  In this painting, there is no emotional or sentimental part element. This is usual in paintings of the New Objectivity style.  They showed concrete people and objects without their qualities or symbolism.

Second, the painting shows a sculpture in the part of the picture that is nearest to and in front of the viewer. The sculpture is a finished work.  It is a sculpture of his wife and child.

Slovenian expressionism 

Kralj went to Vienna in 1913 to study sculpture.  In 1915 he stopped his studies because of the war.  In 1919 he returned from the war and went to study in Prague for two years. From 1920-1923, Kralj was in the center of the Slovenian expressionism movement. Expressionism explores philosophical themes.  Kralj left the expressionism movement and was soon in the center of the Slovenian "new reality" movement.  The "new reality" style uses designs of everyday life.

References

Other websites 
Three works by France Kralj  
Moderna Galerija, Projekt DCA
https://museums.si/sl/author/details/7/france-kralj

Paintings
France Kralj (September 26, 1895 — February 2, 1960) was an artist. He was important in Slovenian expressionism and in the later new reality style. In the 1950s, he started making monotype prints.

Life 

France Kralj was born in Zagorica in Dobrepolje, Slovenia.  His mother was Margareti (born Sever) and his father was Janezu Kralj. His brother Tone was born in 1900 and another brother Ignacij (Igo) in 1906.

SloveniaKralj went to elementary school in Dobrepolje from 1901 to 1907. He went to an art and craft school in Ljubljana,  in 1907.  Then he studied wood and stone sculpture in Ljubljana until 1912.  From 1912 to 1913 he was an assistant in the workshop of Aloysius Podlogarja in Celovcu. 

In 1913 Kralj studied sculpture in Vienna, Austria. In 1915 he stopped his studies because of the start of World War I.  In 1919 he studied in Prague, Czech Republic for two years. For many years he was a professor at the Ljubljana Secondary Technical School.  In 1933 his autobiography Moja pot (My way) was published. In 1937 he won a prize at the world exhibition in Paris for his sculpture Zrebe (Foal).

Work 

From 1920-1923, Kralj was in the center of Slovenian expressionism.  Then he left the philosophical themes for designs of everyday life in the style of the "new reality".

The Božidar Jakac Gallery opened a permanent collection of Kralj's work in 1983. It has paintings, drawings, prints, and sculptures. The collection has some works in the expressionist style, the new realities style, and many abstract monotypes of farmers, animals, and landscapes. Kraj's painting "Družinski portret" or "Family Portrait" is an example of the New Objectivity art style in Slovenia.

References

Other websites 

Franz Kralj 

Artists
This is the Results of the second round of 2014–15 La Liga.

Results

20th round

23rd round

25th round

26th round

29th round

31st round

34th round

35th round

37th round

38th round 

La Liga
Football in Spain
2014 in association football
2015 in association football
Solomon Hersh Frees (June 22, 1920 – November 2, 1986), better known as Paul Frees, was an American actor, voice actor, impressionist, comedian and screenwriter. He was best known for his work with MGM, Walter Lantz, and Walt Disney theatrical cartoons in the 1950s through the 1980s and for providing the voice of Boris Badenov in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. He became known as "The Man of a Thousand Voices." He is also known for being the original voice of Ludwig Von Drake from 1961 until his death in 1986.

Filmography

References

1920 births
1986 deaths
American voice actors
American screenwriters
Actors from Chicago
Yemanzhelinsk (Russian: Еманжели́нск) is a town and administrative centre in the Yemanzhelinsky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located near the Kazakhstan border, and is on the eastern slopes of the Southern Ural Mountains. Yemanzhelinsk was founded in 1770 by the Cossacks. The population was 30,216 at the 2010 census.

History 

Yemanzhelinsk was founded in 1770 as a Cossack village and  was named Yemanzhelinskaya () since 1866. It became a coal mining settlement in the early 1930s, and was granted town status on September 25, 1951. The chelyabinsk meteor landed close to Yemanzhelinsk.

Related pages 
List of cities and towns in Russia

References 

Towns in Russia
Chelyabinsk Oblast (Russian: Челя́бинская о́бласть, Chelyabinskaya oblast) is a province (an oblast) in Russia. It is around the Ural Mountains, on the border between Europe and Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Chelyabinsk. As of 2020, the population is 3,466,960.

Geography and climate 
Its elevation is 200–250 meters above sea level.

Climate 
Most of the oblast falls under the Humid continental climate, meaning the area has warm/mild summers with cold winters.

Demographics 
The 2010 census showed these are the ethnic groups in the oblast:

2,829,899 Russians (83.8%);
180,913 Tatars (5.4%);
162,513 Bashkirs (4.8%);
50,081 Ukrainians (1.5%);
35,297 Kazakhs (1.00%);
18,687 Germans (0.5%);
13,035 Belarusians (0.4%);
12,147 Mordvins (0.2%);
9,311 Armenians (0.3%);
65,190 others (1.6);
99,144 could not declare an ethnicity

The death rate was higher than the birth rate in 2010, but has since slowly reversed.

Religion 
A 2012 survey showed these are the major religions in the oblast:

References 

Oblasts of Russia
Martin Gray (born Mieczysław Grajewski; 27 April 1922 – 25 April 2016) was a Polish Holocaust survivor. He was born in Warsaw. He emigrated to the West, and has published books in French about his experiences during World War II in which his family was killed in Poland. Gray's first book, For Those I Loved (Au nom de tous les miens), became a bestseller.

He moved to Belgium in 2001. On 25 April 2016, he was found dead in his swimming pool at his home in Ciney, Belgium. He died of a suspected heart attack. He was aged 93.

References

Other websites
 Martin Gray official Website
 A Biography of Martin Gray

1922 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Holocaust survivors
Writers from Warsaw
Harris Llewellyn Wofford, Jr. (April 9, 1926 – January 21, 2019) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1991 to 1995.

Career 
Wofford was also the fifth president of Bryn Mawr College from 1970 to 1978, served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Democratic Party in 1986, as Pennsylvania Secretary of Labor and Industry in the cabinet of Governor Robert P. Casey from 1987 to 1991 and was a surrogate for Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign. 

He introduced Obama in Philadelphia at the National Constitution Center before Obama's speech on race in America, A More Perfect Union.

Personal life 
In 1948, Wofford married Clare Lindgren and they later had three children. She died in 1996. In 2016, Wofford announced that he would marry Matthew Charlton, his companion of many years.

Wofford died on January 21, 2019 at a hospital in Washington, D.C. from complications of a fall at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
Harris Wofford Global Citizen Award
Peace Corps biography of Harris Wofford
Trailer for upcoming documentary on Harris Wofford

1926 births
2019 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
United States senators from Pennsylvania
Politicians from New York City
American LGBT rights activists
American civil rights activists
American LGBT people
Bisexual people
LGBT politicians
US Democratic Party politicians
Jory Prum (January 31, 1975 – April 22, 2016), also known as Jory K. Prum, was an American audio engineer. He was best known for his work in movie and video games. He was the owner of a recording studio located in the San Francisco Bay Area. He worked many games but most famously The Walking Dead, The Wolf Among Us, and Brütal Legend.

Prum was killed in a motorcycle accident on April 22, 2016 in San Francisco, California, aged 41.

References

Other websites
 Official site 

1975 births
2016 deaths
Road accident deaths in the United States
People from California
Manuel de la Torre (6 October 1921 – 24 April 2016) was a Spanish-born American golf teacher. He was thought as being one of golf's top teachers. His career includes playing on tour, head golf professional at Milwaukee Country Club one of America's most famous golf clubs, and a career of teaching both tour professional and amateur golfers. He was born in Madrid, Spain.

Career
Among the tour professionals he has taught are Masters champion Tommy Aaron, U.S. Women's Open champion Carol Mann, du Maurier Classic champion Martha Nause and Women's British Open champion Sherri Steinhauer. He was the first member of the PGA to be awarded their Teacher of the Year Award in 1986. He was one of only several golf instructors to be inducted into both the World Golf Teachers Hall of Fame as well as the PGA Hall of Fame.

De la Torre won many golf tournaments, including the Wisconsin State Open five times and the Wisconsin PGA Professional Championship five times. He was elected to the Wisconsin Golf Hall of Fame in 1975. In 1999 he was inducted into the Northwestern University Athletic Hall of Fame.

Death
De la Torre died on 24 April 2016 at his home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from complications of a stroke, aged 94.

References

Other websites
Official site 

1921 births
2016 deaths
American golfers
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from stroke
Disease-related deaths in Wisconsin
Naturalized citizens of the United States

Sportspeople from Madrid
The Samaritans is a charity in the United Kingdom and Ireland. They are a support group for those at risk of suicide.

History 
The Samaritans, was founded on November 5, 1953 by Chad Varah, a vicar. He started as a man "willing to listen". His approach was considered controversial at the time. "Everyone thought suicidal people were mad," he said. "But they just needed to be listened to." Today there are over 21,000 volunteers in 201 locations. Varah retired from the Samaritans in 1986.

Services 

A large amount of Samaritans' work is a telephone hotline, which is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. They also offer a drop-in service for face-to-face discussion. Samaritans also offer confidential Email support. The Samaritans volunteers are trained in counselling skills, so they do not judge people.

Confidentiality 
Samaritans have a strict code of confidentiality, even after the death of a caller. Unless the caller gives consent to pass on information, it will be broken only in rare circumstances.

International reach 
Through its email service, Samaritans' work has extended well beyond the UK and Ireland, and Australia as messages are received from all around the world.

References 

Charities
Amanullah Khan (24 August 1934 – 26 April 2016) was a Pakistani activist and writer. He was born in Astore. He was the founding leader of the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front. It was a pro-independence militant activist group in the former state of Jammu and Kashmir. 

He was the co-founder of the Kashmir Independent Committee in 1963. He was elected Secretary General of JK Plebiscite Front (PF) in 1965. He Co-founded the JK National Liberation Front (NLF) with Maqbool Bhat.

Khan died on 26 April 2016 at a hospital from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, aged 82.

References

Other websites
 Profile at JKLF web site
 Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front at the South Asia Terrorism Portal
 Pakistan: Activities of the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada.

1934 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from COPD
Pakistani writers
Activists
The Lego Batman Movie (seen as The LEGO Batman Movie) is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated superhero comedy movie. It is directed by Chris McKay and produced by Dan Lin, Roy Lee, Phil Lord and Chris Miller. The movie is written by Seth Grahame-Smith.

Background
It is a spin-off of the 2014 movie The Lego Movie. It is based on the DC Comics character Batman. It will star Will Arnett as Batman, Ralph Fiennes as Alfred, Michael Cera as Robin, Rosario Dawson as Batgirl, Zach Galifianakis as The Joker, and Mariah Carey as the Mayor of Gotham City.

The movie was released in the United States on February 10, 2017 through Warner Bros. Pictures.

Cast
 Will Arnett as Batman / Bruce Wayne
 Zach Galifianakis as Joker
 Michael Cera as Dick Grayson / Robin
 Rosario Dawson as Barbara Gordon / Batgirl
 Ralph Fiennes as Alfred Pennyworth
 Héctor Elizondo as Commissioner James Gordon
 Jenny Slate as Dr. Harleen Quinzel / Harley Quinn
 Mariah Carey as Mayor McCaskill
 Billy Dee Williams as Harvey Dent / Two-Face
 Conan O'Brien as Edward Nygma / The Riddler
 Jason Mantzoukas as Dr. Jonathan Crane / Scarecrow
 Doug Benson as Bane
 Zoë Kravitz as Selina Kyle / Catwoman
 Kate Micucci as Basil Karlo / Clayface
 Riki Lindhome as Pamela Isley / Poison Ivy
 Channing Tatum as Clark Kent / Superman
 Jonah Hill as Hal Jordan / Green Lantern
 Adam DeVine as Barry Allen / The Flash
 Eddie Izzard as Lord Voldemort
 Seth Green as King Kong
 Jemaine Clement as Sauron
 Ellie Kemper as Phyllis
 Chris Hardwick as Television reporter

Reviews
On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes the movie has an approval rating of 97% based on 35 reviews, with an average rating of 7.7/10. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to on reviews, the movie has a score of 75 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

References

2017 animated movies
2017 comedy movies
2010s superhero movies
2010s action comedy movies
2010s computer-animated movies
American superhero movies
American action comedy movies
American animated movies
Computer-animated movies
Animated Batman movies
Lego
Warner Bros. movies
Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden tightening of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release (degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils because of anaphylatoxins. It causes difficulty in breathing which can be very mild to severe. Bronchospasms can be caused by asthma, chronic bronchitis and anaphylaxis. 

Bronchospasms are a serious potential complication of placing a breathing tube during general anesthesia. Some of the things that can cause bronchospasms are: consuming foods, taking medicines, allergic responses to insects, and hormone levels, particularly in women.

References

Health problems
Respiratory system
Éverton Augusto de Barros Ribeiro (born 10 April 1989), known as Éverton Ribeiro, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Emirati club Al-Ahli, and the Brazil national football team.

Formed at Corinthians, after a loan at São Caetano he was sold to Coritiba in 2011, winning the Campeonato Paranaense in both of his seasons. He also won Série A twice at Cruzeiro, being voted the best player of each season, and joined Al-Ahli for €15 million in 2014.

A full international since 2014, Ribeiro repesented Brazil at the 2015 Copa América.

1989 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
The muriquis, or woolly spider monkeys, are the genus Brachyteles. There are two species, the southern (B. arachnoides) and northern muriqui (B. hypoxanthus) muriquis. The name "muriqui" comes from a native Tupi word meaning 'largest monkey'.

They are the two largest New World monkeys. The northern muriqui is one of the most endangered monkeys in the world.  They are seen only in some forests in Brazil.

The adult muriqui is 15-23 inches (38–58 cm) long and weighs from 10-20 pounds (4.5-9 kilos) They are colored from brown to black and the bottom of their tails have no fur near the end.

Muriquis live in groups from four to 43. They do not fight about their territory. They mostly eat leaves. They sometimes eat fruit and flowers in the rainy season, as well as bark, bamboo, ferns, nectar, pollen, and seeds.

References

Further reading

Other websites
 Conservation of the Muriqui from Brazil
 Southern muriqui at ARKive 
 Northern muriqui at ARKive 
 Primate Info Net Brachyteles Factsheet
 Southern Muriqui Home Page  - Pró- Muriqui Association

New World monkeys
Mammals of South America
The azure kingfisher (Alcedo azurea) is a small kingfisher (), in the river kingfisher family, Alcedinidae. It lives in parts of Australia and Tasmania, as well as New Guinea and some nearby islands, and out to North Maluku and Romang.

It is named for the azure color on its back. Its feet are red with only two front toes. White spots between the eyes and beak may help it scare predators.
The azure kingfisher lives at the side of bodies of water such as creeks, lakes, swamps, tidal estuaries and mangroves. It can dive quickly from a perch above water. It feeds on freshwater crayfish and small fish. It builds its nest in a chamber up to 1 meter long in a creek bank. 5–7 white, round eggs. Its call is a high-pitched, 'pseet-pseet'.

References

Further reading
 Morcombe, Michael K. (2000): Field Guide to Australian Birds. Steve Parish Publishing, Archerfield, Australia. ISBN 1-876282-10-X
 Slater, Peter; Slater, Pat & Slater, Raoul (1989): The Slater Field Guide to Australian Birds (Revised Edition). Weldon, Sydney, Chicago. ISBN 0-947116-99-0
 Pizzey, Graham (1980): A field guide to the birds of Australia. Collins, Sydney. ISBN 0-00-219201-2
 Schodde R. & Mason I.J. (1976): Infra-specific variation in Alcedo azurea Latham (Alcedinidae). Emu 76(1): 161–166.  (HTML abstract)
 Woodall, Peter: (2001): 77. Azure Kingfisher. In: del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew & Sargatal, Jordi (editors): Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 6 (Mousebirds to Hornbills): 237, plate 19. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-30-X

Other websites 

Coraciiformes
Austin Dillon (born April 27, 1990) is a professional NASCAR driver. He currently drives the No. 3 Chevrolet Camaro for Richard Childress Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. In addition, he also drives the No. 10 Camaro for Kaulig Racing in the NASCAR Xfinity Series.

1990 births
NASCAR drivers
American racecar drivers
Sportspeople from North Carolina
Living people
Kasey Kahne (born April 10, 1980) is a retired American professional NASCAR driver. After retiring from NASCAR, Kahne has stayed active as a race team owner and part time driver in the World of Outlaws series with his team Kasey Kahne Racing.

NASCAR Career
From 2011 until 2017, Kahne drove the #5 Farmers Insurance Chevrolet SS for Hendrick Motorsports. In 2018, Kahne left Hendrick Motorsports and signed up to drive for Leavine Family Racing. During the 2018 season Kahne started to become ill during races. Due to the long length of the races, he started to suffer from dehydration. Kahne's doctors told him he should not continue to race, so he decided to retire from racing in NASCAR.

References

NASCAR drivers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Washington