cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sulaymaniyah ( Silêmanî; , as-Sulaymāniyyah), also called Slemani,, is a city in Iraqi Kurdistan. Sulaymaniyah is surrounded by the Azmer Range, Goyija Range and the Qaiwan Range in the northeast, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluja Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with very hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Sulaymaniyah served as the capital of the historic Kurdish principality of Baban from 1784 to 1850.

The modern city of Sulaymaniyah was founded on 14 November 1784 by the Kurdish prince Ibrahim Pasha Baban who named it after his father Sulaiman Pasha.

From its foundation Sulaymaniyah has been a center of great poets, writers, historians, politicians, scholars and singers, such as Nalî, Mahwi, and Piramerd.

References

Kurdistan
Iraq
1784 establishments in Asia
Establishments in Iraq
Uri Avnery (, also transliterated Uri Avneri, 10 September 1923 – 20 August 2018) was an Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement.

Avnery was born as Helmut Ostermann in Beckum, Germany.

Avnery was a member of the Irgun as a teenager, he sat in the Knesset from 1965 to 1974 and from 1979 to 1981. He was also the owner of HaOlam HaZeh, an Israeli news magazine, from 1950 until it closed in 1993.

He was famous for crossing the lines during the Siege of Beirut to meet Yassir Arafat on 3 July 1982, the first time the Palestinian leader ever met with an Israeli. Avnery is the author of several books about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, including 1948: A Soldier’s Tale, the Bloody Road to Jerusalem (2008); Israel’s Vicious Circle (2008); and My Friend, the Enemy (1986).

On 4 August 2018, Avnery suffered a stroke and was hospitalized in Tel Aviv in a critical condition. He died on 20 August 2018 at the age of 94.

References

Other websites

Uri Avnery's official website
Uri Avnery's weekly article
Obama's trilateral meeting will fail – interview with Radio France Internationale in English, September 2009
Interview with Uri Avnery  Video Journalism Movement

1923 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Former Members of Knesset
German Jews
Israeli activists
Jewish activists
Jewish Israeli writers
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Israeli journalists
Rance Howard (Harold Rance Beckenholdt; November 17, 1928 – November 25, 2017) was an American actor. He acted in movies and on television. He was the father of actor and filmmaker Ron Howard and actor Clint Howard. He was the grandfather of the actress Bryce Dallas Howard.

Howard was born in Duncan, Oklahoma. He studied at the University of Oklahoma. He changed his name to "Rance Howard" when he became an actor. 

Howard's career began in 1956. He appeared in many movies such as Cool Hand Luke (1967), Chinatown (1974), Ed Wood (1994), Independence Day (1996), A Beautiful Mind (2001), Cinderella Man (2005), Frost/Nixon (2008), and in The Lone Ranger (2013).

Howard was married to Jean Speegle from 1949 until her death in 2000. In 2001, he married Judy Howard. She died in January 2017.

Howard died on November 25, 2017 in Los Angeles, California of heart failure complicated by the West Nile virus at the age of 89.

References

Other websites

Genealogy Wiki 
 Interview May, 2014  in The Oklahoman

1928 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from West Nile virus
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Oklahoma
Neonatal progeroid syndrome, also known as Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome is an autosomal recessive progeroid syndrome. Is characterized by low birth weight an old-born baby appearance, rare hair, elongated nose, unexplained cranial stitches, a characteristic facial dysmorphia associated with fat loss, and mild mental retardation. The disease results from damage to the FBN1 gene.

There have been over 51 cases of NPS. Rarely is the case of adulthood and teenage age, the average life expectancy of NPS is 7 months. The illness syndrome was first described in 1979 as a sickness syndrome by Hans-Rudolf Wiedemann, who previously described two cases of the disease: one in 1966 and another in 1977. Thomas Rautenstrauch in 1977 recognized the syndrome of two siblings as Progeria.

NPS is associated with abnormalities in bone maturation, lipid and metabolism. Is very rare in less than 1 in million births.

Related pages 
 Lizzie Velasquez

References

Syndromes
Hofstetten bei Elgg or Hofstetten is a former municipality of the district Winterthur in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland.

On 1 January 2018, the former municipality of Hofstetten bei Elgg merged into the municipality of Elgg.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Former municipalities of Zürich
Hombrechtikon is a municipality in the district of Meilen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

Gallery

Other websites 

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Zürich
Horgen is a city in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is capital of the district of Horgen.

It is one of the larger towns along the south bank of the Lake Zurich.

On 1 January 2018 the former municipality of Hirzel merged into the municipality of Horgen.

Villages 
Dorf, Arn, Horgenberg, Käpfnach, Oberdorf, Sihlbrugg Station, Sihlwald, Tannenbach, Waldegg and Horgen

History 
It is also the type-site of Switzerland's middle Neolithic archaeological culture. The settlement there, the so-called Horgner Kultur (Horgen culture), produced examples of a type of crude pottery with parallels to the Seine-Oise-Marne culture of northern France.

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Official city website 
 
 
 

Municipalities of Zürich
Cities in Switzerland
Saint-Jean-d'Angély is a French commune, a subprefecture in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France. It is in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.

The commune has its historical origins in the Abbey of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.

Geography
Saint-Jean-d'Angély is in the northeast of the Charente-Maritime department, in the old province of Saintonge, along the Boutonne river, a tributary of the Charente river.

The commune of Saint-Jean-d'Angély has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The commune of Saint-Jean-d'Angély is surrounded by the communes:

Climate
The climate of Saint-Jean-d'Angély, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Angériens (women: Angériennes).

With a population of 7,123, Saint-Jean-d'Angély has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Saint-Jean-d'Angély

Administration 
Saint-Jean-d'Angély is a subprefecture of the Charente-Maritime department, the capital of the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély and the administrative centre () of the canton of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.

It is part of the intercommunality Vals de Saintonge ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Saint-Jean-d'Angély is twinned with:
  Saint-Sulpice, Quebec, Canada
  New Iberia, Louisiana, United States

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély
 Communes of the Charente-Maritime department

References

Other websites

 Mairie de Saint-Jean-d'Angély website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Charente-Maritime
Jamal Zahalka, Arab: جمال زحالقة , Hebrew: ג'מאל זחאלקה , (born January 11, 1955 in Kafr Qara) is an Israeli pharmacist and politician. He was political leader of Balad.

Zahalka is an Arab Israeli. He obtained several degrees in pharmacy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, including a PhD.

He was a Member of Knesset from 2003 to 2019. He was also leading the Balad party from 2007 till 2019, due to the flight of Azmi Bishara abroad. From 2015 to 2019 he was a Joint List politician.

Zahalka compares Israeli's policy towards the Palestinian territories with the former apartheid system of South Africa.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

1955 births
Living people
Former Members of Knesset
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Israeli former political leaders
Israeli-Palestinian people
Pharmacists
Pharmacologists
Social democrats
Socialist politicians
Höri is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Zürich
Humlikon is a municipality in the district of Andelfingen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Zürich
Hüntwangen is a municipality of the district of Bülach in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Zürich
Hütten is a former municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019 the former municipalities of Hütten and Schönenberg merged into the municipality of Wädenswil.

Gallery

Other websites

 Official Website of Hütten

Former municipalities of Zürich
Hüttikon is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Zürich
Illnau-Effretikon is a municipality of the district of Pfäffikon in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. About 16,000 people were living in Illnau-Effretikon in 2015.

History
On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Kyburg merged into the municipality of Illnau-Effretikon.

Villages
Illnau, Effretikon, Kyburg, Ottikon bei Kemptthal, Bisikon, Agasul, Bietenholz, Bilikon, First, Horben, Kemleten, Luckhausen, Mesikon and Oberkempttal.

Twin towns
  Orlova, Czech Republic
  Grossbottwar, Germany
  Arvigo, Switzerland
  Mont-sur-Rolle, Switzerland

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Zürich
Cities in Switzerland
Kappel am Albis is a municipality of the district Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Zürich
The Boutonne is a river of western France that flows through the Deux-Sèvres and Charente-Maritime departments, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It is a right tributary of the Charente river.

Geography
The Boutonne has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne in the Charente-Maritime department, at an altitude of .

Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne (1969-2017)

Course
The Boutonne starts in the southeast of the Deux-Sèvres department, in the commune of Chef-Boutonne (that is, "Head of the Boutonne"), at an elevation of about .

It flows to the west and, later, to the southwest through the Deux-Sèvres and Charente-Maritime departments before flowing, at almost right angle, into the Charente river in Cabariot at about  of altitude.
 
The Boutonne flows through 1 region (Nouvelle-Aquitaine), 2 departments and 41 communes; they are, from source to mouth:

 Deux-Sèvres: Chef-Boutonne (here is the source of the river), Fontenille-Saint-Martin-d'Entraigues, Chérigné, Lusseray, Brioux-sur-Boutonne, Vernoux-sur-Boutonne, Séligné, Brieuil-sur-Chizé, Villefollet, Villiers-sur-Chizé, Chizé, Le Vert (the last commune of Deux-Sèvres in the course of the river).
 Charente-Maritime: Dampierre-sur-Boutonne (the first commune where the Boutonne gets into the department), Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne, Coivert, Blanzay-sur-Boutonne, Saint-Georges-de-Longuepierre, Saint-Martial, Saint-Pierre-de-l'Isle, Nuaillé-sur-Boutonne, Saint-Pardoult, Les Églises-d'Argenteuil, Antezant-la-Chapelle, Vervant, Poursay-Garnaud, Courcelles, Saint-Julien-de-l'Escap, Saint-Jean-d'Angély (main city in the course of the river), Ternant, La Vergne, Voissay, Torxé, Les Nouillers, Tonnay-Boutonne, Puy-du-Lac, Archingeay, Saint-Coutant-le-Grand, Champdolent, Lussant, Cabariot (place where the river flows into the Charente river).

Seven communes have the name of the river in their names: Chef-Boutonne, Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne, Dampierre-sur-Boutonne, Tonnay-Boutonne, Blanzay-sur-Boutonne, Nuaillé-sur-Boutonne, Vernoux-sur-Boutonne.

Main tributaries 
The main tributaries of the Boutonne river are:

Left tributaries:
 Nie - 26 km

Right tributaries:
 Béronne - 29.5 km
 Belle - 25 km
 Trézence - 27.7 km, the main tributary of the Boutonne

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

References

Other websites

 Banque Hydro - Station R6092920 - La Boutonne à Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne 

Rivers of France
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Hypersomnia is a medical condition which is characterized by unusual sleepiness. People with hypersomnia easily feel sleepy during the day, and fall asleep. The condition where people wake up often during the night, and have trouble sleeping through the night is called insomnia and is different. Hypersomnia is a sleep disorder. 

Hypersomnia affects about five percent of the population, or about one of twenty people. Very often, people with Sleep apnea suffer from hypersomnia. Hypersomia can also occur with other conditions, such as mood disorders. 

If the hypersomnia is caused by a problem with the brain or nervous system, it is called primary hypersomnia. Narcolepsy is an example of a primary hypersomnia. If the hypersomnia is the effect of another condition, it is usually called secondary hypersomnia. Examples of secondary hypersomnias include someone losing consciousness because of epilepsy. Sleep apnea, cited above, is one of the most common forms of secondary hypersomnia. Certain drugs can also cause (secondary) hypersomnias.

Primary hypersomnias are very rare. Secondary hypersomnias are quite common. 

Sleep disorders
Donald "Don" Robinson (4 June 1932  – 27 May 2017) was an English professional Rugby League World Cup winning footballer. He played in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, playing at representative level for Great Britain, England, Yorkshire, and Rugby League XIII, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (captain) (Heritage № 584), and Leeds.

References

Other websites
England Statistics at englandrl.co.uk
Great Britain Statistics at englandrl.co.uk
Statistics at rugbyleagueproject.org
Floodlit feast at Odsal 

1932 births
2017 deaths
English rugby union players
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
Saucy Sylvia (Sylvia Cadeski; July 27, 1920 – May 25, 2017) was a Canadian-born American comedian, classically trained pianist, singer, and radio personality. She was born in Owen Sound, Ontario. In the 1940s and the 1950s, she hosted The Sylvia Show on radio. 

Sylvia died at her home in Newport, Rhode Island from complications of pneumonia on May 25, 2017 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
Sex is the thing that started it all
0069
Saucy Sylvia's Official Website

1920 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Canadian comedians
Canadian radio personalities
Singers from Ontario
Musicians from Ontario
Comedians from Rhode Island
American pianists
American radio personalities
Singers from Rhode Island
Benjamin Franklin "Frank" Deford III (December 16, 1938 – May 28, 2017) was an American sportswriter, novelist and health activist. Over his 40 year career, he was a regular sports commentator on NPR's Morning Edition radio program (from 1980 to 2017).

Deford was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied at Princeton University. He was married to Carol Penner until his death in 2017. They had three children.

Deford wrote for Sports Illustrated magazine from 1962 until his death in 2017, and was a correspondent for the Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel television program on HBO.  He wrote 18 books, nine of them novels such as Everybody's All-American (1981).

Deford died on May 28, 2017, at the age of 78, at his home in Key West, Florida.

References

Other websites

 Frank Deford Archive at SI
 Frank Deford's Insider Archive also at SI
 
 Frank Deford, NPR Biography
 Frank Deford articles at Byliner
 Frank Deford  at Yahoo!

1938 births
2017 deaths
American journalists
American novelists
American radio personalities
American activists
Writers from Baltimore
Writers from Florida
Client state citizens and allies (socii) of Rome could receive a limited form of Roman citizenship such as the Latin Right. Such citizens could not vote or be elected in Roman elections. Slaves were considered property and lacked legal personhood. Over time, they acquired a few protections under Roman law. The rights available to individual citizens of Rome varied over time, according to their place of origin, and their service to the state. They also varied under Roman law according to the classification of the individual within the state. Various legal classes were defined by the various combinations of legal rights that each class enjoyed. However, the possible rights available to citizens with whom Roman law addressed were:

The toga was the characteristic garment of the rich Roman male citizen, and statues of emperors (here Antoninus Pius) frequently depict them togate (togatus).
Ius suffragiorum: The right to vote in the Roman assemblies.

Ius gentium: The legal recognition, developed in the 3rd century BC, of the growing international scope of Roman affairs, and the need for Roman law to deal with situations between Roman citizens and foreign persons. The ius gentium was therefore a Roman legal codification of the widely accepted international law of the time, and was based on the highly developed commercial law of the Greek city-states and of other maritime powers.[4] The rights afforded by the ius gentium were considered to be held by all persons; it is thus a concept of human rights rather than rights attached to citizenship.
Ius conubii: The right to have a lawful marriage with a Roman citizen according to Roman principles,[5] to have the legal rights of the paterfamilias over the family, and for the children of any such marriage to be counted as Roman citizens.
Ius migrationis: The right to preserve one's level of citizenship upon relocation to a polis of comparable status. For example, members of the cives Romani (see below) maintained their full civitas when they migrated to a Roman colony with full rights under the law: a colonia civium Romanorum. Latins also had this right, and maintained their ius Latii if they relocated to a different Latin state or Latin colony (Latina colonia). This right did not preserve one's level of citizenship should one relocate to a colony of lesser legal status; full Roman citizens relocating to a Latina colonia were reduced to the level of the ius Latii, and such a migration and reduction in status had to be a voluntary act.
The right of immunity from some taxes and other legal obligations, especially local rules and regulations.[6]
The right to sue in the courts and the right to be sued.
The right to have a legal trial (to appear before a proper court and to defend oneself).Auxilia and gained citizenship through service.

Ancient Rome
The Blue Line, also known as the O'Hare-Congress Line and the West-Northwest Line, is a  long Chicago "L" line which goes through the Loop from O'Hare International Airport at the far northwest end of the city, through downtown via the Milwaukee-Dearborn Subway and across the West Side to its southwest end at Forest Park, with a total of 33 stations. It is the CTA's second busiest rail line, with an average of 186,796 passengers boarding each weekday in September 2012.

Background
The Blue Line and Red Line are the only two routes of the Chicago "L" system to currently run 24 hours a day and is one of only six rapid transit rail systems in the United States to do so (the others being the PATCO Speedline, Staten Island Railway, the PATH lines, Philadelphia's SEPTA and the New York City Subway). 

The Blue Line is also one of only two lines with more than one station with the same name, with the Green Line being the other (It has two stations at Harlem Avenue: one in the Kennedy Expressway on the Northwest side and one on the south side of the Eisenhower Expressway in Forest Park, Illinois. It also has two stations on Western Avenue: one on the O'Hare branch and one on the Congress branch). The Blue Line also has only three in-system transfers (all in the Loop), contains a combination of both the oldest and newest portions of 'L' tracks, and does not share tracks with any other 'L' line.

Code name
Before the adoption of color-coded names, the Blue Line was referred to as the West-Northwest Route (which it is still sometimes referred to as today) or more commonly, the O'Hare-Congress-Douglas route for its three branches. The Congress and Douglas branches were renamed for their terminals, Forest Park and 54th/Cermak, when the current color naming system was adopted in 1993. Blue Line service on the Douglas Branch was discontinued in April 2008 and replaced by the Pink Line.

Trivia
The Blue Line is one of five 'L' lines that run into Chicago suburbs, with the others being the Green, Purple, Pink, and Yellow lines. 

The Blue, Green, and Purple Lines are the only three rail lines that run through more than one suburb, with the Green and Purple Lines running through two, but the Blue Line actually runs through three, making it the rail line that runs through the most suburbs on the Chicago 'L' system.

In March 2014, a Blue Line train was derailed and crashed at the O'Hare train station, injuring 32 people.

References

Other websites
 Blue Line at CTA official site

Transport in Chicago
1993 establishments in Illinois
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales is a 2017 American swashbuckler comedy action film. It is the fifth installment in the Pirates of the Caribbean movie series and the sequel to On Stranger Tides (2011). The movie is directed by Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg from a script by Jeff Nathanson, with Jerry Bruckheimer serving again as producer. Johnny Depp, Geoffrey Rush and Kevin McNally reprise their roles as Jack Sparrow, Hector Barbossa and Joshamee Gibbs. It has Javier Bardem playing the main villain, Spanish ghost pirate Captain Salazar, Brenton Thwaites playing Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann's son Henry Turner, Kaya Scodelario playing Barbossa's secret daughter Carina Smyth with Paul McCartney make a guest apparicion playing Jack Sparrow's Uncle Jack. Orlando Bloom reprise his role of Will Turner who appear at the start and the ending of the film, additionally Keira Knightley make a silent  cameo (despite is an important cameo) at the end of the film reprising her role of Elizabeth Swann.

It was released in conventional, Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D and IMAX 3D formats on May 26, 2017.

Despite receiving mixed reviews from film critics, the film was positively welcomed from audience who praised its story, directing, humor, heart, emotional weight, character development, cast performances (especially those of Depp and Bardem), musical score, action scenes, special effects and the ending, it was also a box office success grossing over $285 million worldwide. A sequel is currently in development.

Cast
Johnny Depp as Jack Sparrow
Javier Bardem as Armando Salazar
Geoffrey Rush as Hector Barbossa
Brenton Thwaites as Henry Turner
Kaya Scodelario as Carina Smyth
Kevin McNally as Joshamee Gibbs
Golshifteh Farahani as Shansa
David Wenham as Lieutenant John Scarfield
Stephen Graham as Scrum
Orlando Bloom as Will Turner
Keira Knightley as Elisabeth Swann

Sequel
A sixth film is currently in development with Ronning back to direct while Ted Elliott, first four film's co-writer, and Craig Mazin will write the screenplay.

On 2020, Jerry Bruckheimer announced that the first draft of the screenplay is almost ready and that, even though he plans to have Johnny Depp in the movie, he doesn't know yet what role the character will have.

References

Dead Men Tell No Tales
2017 movies
Disney movies
The Allahabad Address () is a speech by Pakistani scholar Sir Muhammad Iqbal.

The speech was given on 29 December 1930, at Allahabad, British India. This was during the 25th annual session of the All-India Muslim League. Iqbal wanted an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India. Iqbal said there could be no peace until the Muslim provinces were given the same privileges as the Hindu provinces.

References

Pakistan Movement
1930
Biocentrism is a theory given by the American biologist Robert Lanza which states that nothing is absolute in the universe. It says that the universe exists relative to us and can't exist without living beings. It says that space and time are just our perceptions. There is no real existence of anything outside us. This theory can be considered a theory of everything. Young's double-slit experiment supports this theory.

Biology
Basic physics ideas
Jewish-American organized crime emerged within the American Jewish community during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has been referred to variously in media and popular culture as the Jewish Mob, Jewish Mafia, Kosher Mafia, Kosher Nostra, or Undzer Shtik ().

References

Notes

Mafia
Wallace D. Fard aka Wallace Fard Muhammad  (born February 26, 1877) was a co-founder of the Nation of Islam. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. He taught a unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the city's African-American population. He was also a seller of silk, incense, and perfume and was remembered as being a light skinned black man, a light skinned Arab, and a white man. Fard was last seen in 1933 by Elijah Muhammad, when Fard took off in an airplane from the Detroit airport.

Related pages

List of people who disappeared mysteriously: 1910–1990

References

19th-century births
American Muslims
Missing American people
People convicted of drug offenses
Religious leaders
Year of death unknown
The Moorish Science Temple of America is an American national and religious organization founded by Noble Drew Ali, born Timothy Drew.

Islam in the United States
The master boot record is the first 512 kilobytes of a partitioned mass-storage device such as a hard drive. The master boot record gives the BIOS information on things like partitioning, file systems, location of the operating system, etc.

Because the master boot record is crucial for running the operating system, any changes to it may make the contents of a hard drive unreadable until they have been fixed. In the past, there have been instances of malware making changes to the master boot record. One noticeable example of this is CIH.

Technology
Masud Ghnaim, Arab: مسعود غنايم , Hebrew: מסעוד גנאים , (born February 14, 1965) is an Israeli politician. He was political leader of Ra'am ("The United Arab List").

Ghnaim is an Arab Israeli and a Muslim.

He obtained a BA in the history of the Middle East at Haifa University and then worked in the fields of education and culture. 
He joined the Islamic Movement in Israel and chose the moderate division of this Islamist movement, called the Southern Branch and one of the forerunners of Ra'am.

In 2003 he entered local politics by sitting on the city council of his hometown, Sakhnin, until 2005. He then entered national politics by becoming a member of Knesset in 2009. Since 2015 he had both been leader of the Ra'am party and a politician in The Joint List of four parties.
He left the Knesset after the elections of April 2019.

Ghnaim wants Israel to be changed into an Islamic caliphate and supports the Iran-Syria-Hezbollah coalition.

References 
 Bio at the Knesset official website

1965 births
Living people
Former Members of Knesset
Haifa University alumni
Israeli educators
Israeli former political leaders
Israeli historians
Israeli-Palestinian people
Muslims
Vellore district is one of the 32 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is one of the biggest district in Tamil Nadu. Vellore City is the headquarters of this district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,936,331 with a sex ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males.The Government of India recently included Vellore city into prestigious smart City project along with 26 more cities.

Tourism
The Vellore Fort is the primary tourist attraction in the district headquarters Vellore.During British rule, Tipu Sultan's family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Vikrama Rajasinha, were held as royal prisoners in the fort. It houses a church, a mosque and a Hindu temple, the latter known for its carvings. The first rebellion against British rule erupted at this fort in 1806, and it witnessed the massacre of the Vijayanagara royal family of Emperor Sriranga Raya.The golden temple of Sripuram is another attraction in the district.Jalagandeeswarar Temple inside the Vellore fort dedicated to Jalagandeeswar, is noted for its sculptures.

References
Vellore Fort is a large 16th-century fort in the center of Vellore city, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It was built by Vijayanagara kings. The fort was at one time the headquarters of the Aravidu Dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire. The fort has grand ramparts and wide moat.

The fort's ownership passed from Vijayanagara kings, to the Bijapur sultans, to the Marathas, to the Carnatic Nawabs and finally to the British, who held the fort until India gained independence. The Indian government maintains the fort with the Archaeological Department. During British rule, the Tipu Sultan's family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Sri Vikrama Rajasinha were held as prisoners in the fort.  The fort houses the Jalakanteswarar Hindu temple, the Christian St. John's Church and a Muslim mosque, of which the Jalakanteswarar Temple is famous for its magnificent carvings.  The first significant military rebellion against British rule erupted at this fort in 1806, and it is also a witness to the massacre of the Vijayanagara royal family of Sriranga Raya.

Reference

Vellore district
Krishnagiri district is a district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. This is a new district which was carved out from Dharmapuri district by 2004.  The municipal town of Krishnagiri is the district headquarters. In Tamil Nadu, e-Governance was first introduced at Krishnagiri district under the National e-Governance Project (NEGP) in revenue and social welfare departments on a pilot basis.  The district is one of the largest producers of mangoes in India. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,879,809 with a sex-ratio of 958 females for every 1,000 males.

Mining and forestry based activities
In Krishnagiri district, quarry leases are being granted for granite in Patta lands. Rough stone and earth quarry leases are being granted in government and patta lands under Tamil Nadu Minor Mineral Concession Rules 1959. The Public Works Department (WRO wing) is operating sand quarry in riverbeds. A state owned corporation called Tamil Nadu Metals and Mineral Ltd is also earning quarry and mining grants in government lands. The total mineral revenue realized during 2006-07 was Rs. 7.45 crores. It is ascertained that nearly 7,000 workers are being engaged in quarry activities. 

As Krishnagiri District has 2,02,409 hectares of forest land which constitutes 39% of the total geographical area, there are abundant produce from the forest areas. Bamboo products, honey collection and tamarind production are the forestry land activities found in Anchetty, Denkanikotta, Thally and Berigai areas. This has generated employment opportunities for thousands of rural people in these areas.

Reference
Krishnagiri is a municipality town and administrative headquarters of Krishnagiri district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Mango is cultivated as the main crop and the land here is extremely fertile with rich access to fresh water making it amenable to growing crops. Krishnagiri is a rapidly growing town and is the site of significant business and residential development. The Krishnagiri Dam is currently undergoing expansion and a variety of small-scale industry zones are being set up. According to 2011 census, Krishnagiri had a population of 71,323 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 

The Krishnagiri district has a prehistoric importance. Archeological sources confirm the presence of habitats of man kind during Paleolithic, Neolithic and Mesolithic Ages. Various rock paintings and rock carvings of Indus Valley civilization and Iron Age seen in this district support the historical significance of this district.Krishnagiri district was carved out of Dharmapuri district on 9 February 2004 with five taluks and ten blocks.

Reference

Krishnagiri district
Karur district is a district located very centrally along the Kaveri and Amaravathi rivers in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The main town in Karur District is the city of Karur, which is also the district headquarters. The district had a population of 1,064,493 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males. A total of 102,731 were under the age of six, constituting 52,969 males and 49,762 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.8% and .05% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 68.3%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.

Home textiles
Karur is famous for its home textiles. Karur has a place in five major product groups: bed linens, kitchen linens, toilet linens, table linens, wall hangings. Overall Karur generates around Rs.6000 crores in foreign exchange through direct and indirect exports. Allied industries like ginning and spinning mills, dyeing factories, weaving etc., employs around 450,000 people in and around Karur.

References
Karur is the administrative headquarters of Karur District in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Karur is the district formed after independence and  Located on the banks of River Amaravathi and River Kaveri, it has been ruled, at different times, by the Chera, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Hyder Ali, Carnatic kingdom, and the British. It is located at a distance of  southwest of the state capital Chennai. Karur is the district located at the "heart" or center of Tamil Nadu.

Population
Karur had a population of 262580 with a sex-ratio of 1,032 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 6,147 were under the age of six, constituting 3,162 males and 2,985 females.

Economy
Major industries in Karur include:
 its exported woven textiles, by hand loom or by power loom
 the TNPL - Tamil Nadu government-sponsored paper factory
 the Chettinad cement factory
 the EID Parry sugar factory 
 worldwide export of bus body manufacturing
The two leading private rating banks have their headquarters in Karur: the Karur Vysya Bank (KVB) and the Lakshmi Vilas Bank (LVB).

Reference

Karur district
Kilchberg is a municipality of the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

Industry
It is home to the corporate headquarters of the confectionery Lindt & Sprüngli.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 Lindt & Sprüngli Official Website
 

Municipalities of Zürich
Tiruppur is a city in the Kongu Nadu region of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Tiruppur is the administrative headquarters of Tiruppur district and the fifth largest urban settlement in Tamil Nadu.Located on the banks of Noyyal River. Tiruppur is administered by municipal corporation which was established in 2008 and the total area of the corporation is 159.6 km2 divided into 60 wards. The total population of the city as per the 2011 census is 444,352.

Economy
Tiruppur is a major textile and knit wear hub contributing to 90% of total cotton knit wear exports from India. The textile industry provides employment to over six lakh people and contributed to exports worth  in 2014-15.

Reference

Tiruppur district
Kangeyam is a second-grade municipality in Kangeyam taluk of Tiruppur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 32,147.

Economy
Kangeyam is a commercial center. Its main economic activity involves processing agricultural products: rice hulling, coconut oil extraction, and ghee production. Also groundnuts (peanuts) are raised. 

The Kangayam bull is indigenous (native) to the area around Kangeyam. This bull variety is known for its superior strength as a draft animal and its ability to adjust to poor nutritional conditions. It is named after the town.

References

Tiruppur district
Dindigul is a city in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the administrative headquarters of the Dindigul district.Dindigul has a number of historical monuments, the Rock Fort being the most prominent.Industries in Dindigul include lock making, leather, textile spinning, administrative services, agricultural trading, banking, agricultural machinery and educational services. Dindigul is upgraded to a municipal corporation.

The city covers an area of  and had a population of 207,327 in 2011. Dindigul is well-connected by road and rail with the rest of Tamil Nadu. It is the 12th-largest urban settlement in the state and has a population of 292,512 according to Tamil Nadu's 2011 census. Dindigul has 200,000 hectares of cultivable land, and agriculture continues to be the main occupation of its inhabitants. Located between the Palani and Sirumalai Hills, Dindigul has a reserved forest area of 85 hectares..

Reference

Dindigul district
Kodaikanal is a "hill station" city in the hills of the Dindigul district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Its name in the Tamil language means "The Gift of the Forest". Kodaikanal is referred to as the "Princess of Hill stations" and has a long history as a popular tourist destination.

Kodaikanal was established in 1845 as a resort town where people would come to find refuge from the high temperatures and tropical diseases of the plains. Much of the local economy is  based on the hospitality industry serving tourism. As of 2011, the city had a population of 36,501.

Economy

Tourism
The economy of Kodaikanal mainly depends on tourism. The number of tourists increased from two million in 1999 to 3.2 million in 2009.
The town's infrastructure changes every year in preparation for the peak tourist season. Due to the rapid development of nearby cities such as Madurai and Coimbatore, the town is learning to deal with year-round tourism. Popular tourist souvenirs include handcrafts, home-made chocolates, postcards and eucalyptus oil.

Agriculture
Terrace farms in surrounding villages grow plums, pears, chile peppers, carrots, cauliflower, cabbage, garlic and onions. Most of the produce is transported by truck to other parts of India, while some are sold in the local market.other exotic fruits like dragon fruit,pears,apples, are also grown here

References

Dindigul district
Pudukkottai is the administrative headquarters of Pudukkottai district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The people in the city are employed majorly in teritiary sector activities.

History
The Thondaiman king,  Vijaya Raghunatha rebuilt the town based on the principles of town planning so that the main streets were laid intersecting at right angles with the palace at the centre.

Population
According to 2011 census of India, Pudukkottai had a population of 143,746 with a sex-ratio of 1,003 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 11,762 were under the age of six, constituting 6,028 males and 5,734 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 11.87% and .06% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 92.19%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of  28838 households. There were a total of 41,408 workers, comprising 268 cultivators, 275 main agricultural labourers, 994 in house hold industries, 35,578 other workers, 4,293 marginal workers, 128 marginal cultivators, 47 marginal agricultural labourers, 144 marginal workers in household industries and 3,974 other marginal workers. As of 2001, 20 slums were identified in the town and approximately 37,740 people resided in the slums.

Notable residents
Asiad Santhi Soundarajan, Tamil Nadu's first woman medalist in the Asian Games, is from Pudukkottai.

References

Pudukkottai district
Theni district is a district of the Tamil Nadu state in South India. The city of Theni is the district headquarters. The district is divided into two natural divisions: The hilly areas are constituted by parts of three taluks: Periyakulam, Uthamapalayam, and Andipatti with thick vegetation and perennial streams from the hills on the western side and Cumbum valley which lies in the Uthamapalayam taluk. As of 2011, Theni district had a population of 1,245,899 with a sex-ratio of 991 females for every 1,000 males.

Economy
Land area for farming in Theni district is 40.33%. The principal crop production  (in tonnes) in 2005-2006 was: sugarcane  1,201,221, cotton 95,360 (561 bales of 170. kg lint each), rice (paddy) 66,093, millets and other cereals 57,081, pulses (legumes) 6,677, peanut (groundnut) 4,021 and sesame (gingelly) 325.
silk, banana, coconut, tea, coffee, cardamom, grapes and mango are other main produce of the district.
Cumbum Valley is a major centre for grape production with 4,000 small farmers producing over 90,000 tonnes of muscat grapes.
Cotton-spinning mills and sugar mills are the major industries in this district. In Andipatti Taluk, handloom weaving and power looms are flourishing. In Uthamapalayam Taluk, the Highwavis Estate produces an important amount of tea. Bodinayakanur is a major marketplace for cardamom, coffee, tea and black pepper. This city is also called "Cardamom City" because of the large quantity of cardamom trade in this area. It has an auction centre for cardamom.

Places of Interest
 Vaigai Dam (~10 km from Theni)
 Suruli falls (~50 km from Theni)
 Manjalar Dam(~35 km from Theni)
 Meghamalai Hill (~57 km from Theni)
 Peyathevar Canal,Gudalur Hill (~50 km from Theni)
 Bodi Mettu Hill (~40 km from Theni)
 Kumbakarai Falls (~15 km from Theni)
 Sothuparai Dam (~20 km from Theni)
 Shanmuganathi Dam (~50 km from Theni)
 Chinna Suruli falls (~15 km from Theni)
 Ramakkal Mettu(~30 km from Theni)
 Kurankani (~20 km from Theni)
 HighWeaves (~70 km from Theni)

References

Theni district
Kleinandelfingen is a municipality in Andelfingen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities of Zürich
Kloten (Swiss German: Chloote) is a city in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is the nearest village to Zurich Airport. The ice hockey club EHC Kloten has a stadium in the town.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities of Zürich
Cities in Switzerland
Ahmad Tibi, Arab: أحمد الطيبي , Hebrew: אחמד טיבי , (born December 19, 1958 in Tayibe) is an Israeli politician. He is political leader and founder of Ta'al ("Arab Movement for Renewal").

Tibi is an Arab Israeli and a Muslim.

After being educated as a physician specializing in gynecology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem he worked at the Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem. 

From 1993 to 1999 he advised Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. In this capacity he negotiated with the Israelis on the issue of the Wye River Memorandum in the United States in 1998.

In 1999 he became a Member of Knesset. He has been deputy speaker of the Knesset since 2006. He has also been a The Joint List politician since 2015.

Tibi wants Israel being brought back to its borders of before the Six-Day War of 1967. He advocates both the two-state solution, the return of Palestinian refugees and the lifting of the Jewish nature of the State of Israel.

He is considered a controversial politician because of his ties with all sorts of Palestinians (not only in Israel but also in the Palestinian territories) and of things he said in parliament.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

1958 births
Living people
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Israeli political leaders
Israeli-Palestinian people
Members of Knesset
Muslims
Physicians
Turn Left, Turn Right is a Taiwanese picture book by writer Jimmy Liao.

Introduction 
The lead female character is living in an old apartment building on the edge of the city. Every time she goes out, no matter where she goes, she always goes left first. The lead male character is living in an old apartment building on outskirts of the city. Every time he goes out, no matter where he goes, he always goes right first. He never meets her. But the city is like a maze, it lets people see the same scene, go the same route.

History 
She was used to turning left and he was used to turning right, but they never had a meeting with each other in the pictured fiction story, “Turn Left, Turn Right.” It was the first long fiction story written by Jimmy Liao, talking about the feelings between a man and a woman. The fiction story gives a detailed account of a very interesting relation in living between the leading man and the leading woman in chapter one. There are many bright ideas in this pictured fiction story including the lines and color, with much attention to detail, and good order changes. This book is not only one of his best fiction stories but also one of the greatest works of art. Jimmy Liao said that this fiction story’s idea began when one day he was too troubled to draw by the loud noises of workers from next door. He could not help but think specially pleasing thoughts on that day. All of a sudden, he got money from someone he never knew who was living nearby. He started imagining what would come about to this leading man and woman character if they never knew they were neighbors, but slept right next to each other only separated by only one thin wall.

Honors 
 In 1999, Eslite bookstore year of Recommended books.
 In 1999, Jinshitana (book store name) year of Most influential books.

Movie version 
This book became a movie in 2003. Warner Brothers Studios produced it. Gigi Leung and Takeshi Kaneshiro starred in it. The scenes are mainly in Taipei. For example: Beitou Hot Springs, Ximen-cho hiking area, Taipei MRT Station Warner Village、Taiwan Railway Sungai Station, Minsheng shequ fu jin street, and Taipei City Yangming Hospital.

TV version 
 Became a TV series by the same name in 2004.

References 

Paintings
Books
Knonau is a municipality in the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Zürich
Mordechai Tzipori, Hebrew: מרדכי צפורי‎‎ , born as Mordechai Hankovich-Hendin, (September 15, 1924 – May 29, 2017) was an Israeli general and a politician of HaLikud.

Tzipori became a member of Irgun in 1939. From 1945 to 1948 the British detained him in Africa.

In 1948 he joined the Israel Defense Forces. He was educated as an officer and studied at Tel Aviv University.

In the 1960s Tzipori was commanding an armoured battalion, and later on the armor school. In 1971 he became deputy commander of the Armor Corps, in 1973 commander of Command and Staff, and in 1974 deputy head of operations in the general staff. In 1976 he left the army as a lieutenant general.

He entered the Knesset in 1977. From 1977 to 1981 he served also as deputy defense minister in the first and second Begin government, and from 1981 to 1984 also as Minister of Communications in the second Begin Government and the first Shamir Government. In 1984 he left politics.

Afterwards he led the National Insurance Institution.

Tzipori was born in Petah Tikva, Mandatory Palestine. He died at a medical center in Ramat Gan, Israel, at the age of 92.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

1924 births
2017 deaths
Deputy government ministers of Israel
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli generals
Israeli nationalists
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish military people
Likud politicians
People from Petah Tikva
Tel Aviv University alumni
Ramat Gan (; ) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, located east of Tel Aviv. It is home to one of the world's major diamond exchanges, and many high-tech industries. The current mayor of the city is Carmel Shama. 

Ramat Gan was established in 1921 as a moshava, a communal farming settlement, and in 2015 it had a population of 152,596.

References

Other websites

  Ramat-Gan municipal website 

Cities in Israel