cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician. He was the Governor of the United States state of New Mexico from 2003 until 2011. He was a candidate for President of the United States in the 2008 election. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary in the Clinton administration. He is a Democrat.

1947 births
Living people
American Roman Catholics
Governors of New Mexico
United States Ambassadors to the United Nations
2008 United States presidential candidates
United States representatives from New Mexico
US Democratic Party politicians
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Rudolph William Louis "Rudy" Giuliani  (born May 28, 1944) is a politician from New York in the United States. He is a Republican and campaigned to become President of the United States in 2008. Giuliani was mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2001. Giuliani became more well known during and after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. In 2001, Time magazine named him "Person of the Year" and he received an honorary knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II in 2002.

Rudy was campaigning in 1993 with the show Seinfeld where he appeared as the NYC Mayor candidate as the "over count" cholesterol man by eating too much yogurt. This "product placement" of Mayor Giuliani is often referred to as an excellent example of electioneering and boosted his popularity accordingly.

On January 12, 2017, President-elect Donald Trump named Giuliani his Cyber Security Adviser.

References

Other websites 
Joinrudy2008.com  - Presidential campaign site

1944 births
Living people
American political commentators
Mayors of New York City
New York University alumni
Politicians from Brooklyn
Time People of the Year
2008 United States presidential candidates
US Republican Party politicians
S/2007 S 2 is an unnamed moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 1, 2007, from observations taken between January 18 and April 19, 2007. Telescope used is the Subaru 8.3-m optical infrared telescope at Mauna Kea.

Overview 
S/2007 S2 is theorized to have a mean radius of 1.9 miles, assuming an albedo of 0.04. It is 6 kilometres in diameter and orbits Saturn at an eccentricity of about 0.218 and an inclination of about 176.68° at a mean distance of 10.4 million miles (average distance of 16,560,00 million kilometres) from Saturn. The satellite was first thought to be orbiting for about 793 Earth days from its first discovery. The satellite takes about 808 Earth days to complete one orbit.

Like Saturn's other irregular moons, S/2007 S2 is thought to be an object that was captured by Saturn's gravity, rather than having accreted from the dusty disk that surrounded the newly formed planet as the regular satellites are thought to have done.

References

Other websites 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 MPEC 2007-J09: S/2007 S 2, S/2007 S 3 May 1, 2007 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8836: S/2007 S 1, S/2007 S 2, and S/2007 S 3 (subscription-only) May 11, 2007 (discovery)

Saturn's moons
Brunswick is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia and the county seat of Glynn County. In 2006, the city had an estimated population of 16,074 and an estimated metropolitan population of 100,613. Brunswick is the principal city of the Brunswick, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is often called Metropolitan Brunswick.

References

Other websites
 City of Brunswick website
 Brunswick CVB
 The Brunswick News
 Downtown Development District
 Sidney Lanier
 Sidney Lanier Bridge 
 Coastal Georgia Community College
 Historical markers in Glynn County 
 Liberty ship marker and model 
 Master list of Liberty ships
 History of Brunswick
 "Welcome Ships for Victory" Photograph collection at the Brunswick-Glynn County Library that depict World War II cargo ship building activities from 1943 to 1945.

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
County seats in Georgia
Cocoa Beach is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. The population was 12,482 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S Census estimates of 2005, the city had a population of 12,435. .

References

Other websites
 City of Cocoa Beach 
 Thousand Islands
 

Cities in Florida
The Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security. The purpose of FEMA (begun by Presidential Order on March 30, 1979)

is to coordinate the response to a disaster which has occurred in the United States and which overwhelms the resources of local and state authorities.  The governor of the state in which the disaster occurred must declare a state of emergency and formally request from the President that FEMA and the federal government respond to the disaster. The only exception is when an emergency or disaster occurs on federal property or to a federal asset, for example, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, in the 1995 bombing, or the Space Shuttle Columbia in the 2003 return-flight disaster.

References

Other websites
 DHS organization 
 FEMA Field Operations Guide  Including descriptions of markings on evacuated and searched buildings
 FEMA website
 A History of FEMA

Natural disasters
United States government agencies
Tropical Depression Ten was the tenth tropical cyclone of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. The depression formed on August 13 from a tropical wave that entered the Atlantic Ocean on August 8. Because of strong wind shear, the depression stayed weak and did not strengthen much. The cyclone itself had no effect on land and did not cause any damage. It mostly died out on August 14, but its remains later helped to form another storm, Hurricane Katrina. Katrina became one of the worst hurricanes in the history of the United States.

Storm history 
The tropical depression began as a tropical wave that entered the Atlantic Ocean on August 8, 2005. The wave moved west and began to show signs of becoming stronger on August 11. The system formed into Tropical Depression Ten at 12:00 UTC on August 13. At the time, it was about  to the east of Barbados. When the storm was first called a tropical depression, it had a large area of thunderstorms, with curved rainbands.

The depression slowly moved west, and wind shear stopped the storm from becoming much stronger. Late on August 13, a weather forecaster said that it was "beginning to look like Irene-junior". They said this because it was mid-level shear happening in the storm towards the southwest "beneath the otherwise favorable upper-level outflow pattern". This means that the storm looked similar to Hurricane Irene.

Early on August 14, the wind shear tore apart the storm. The center of the storm separated from the thunderstorm areas. Later that day, the cyclone became even weaker. The National Hurricane Center gave their final warning on Tropical Depression Ten, and the storm mostly disappeared. However, its remains produced a few bursts of thunderstorm activity for several days, before completely stopping on August 18.

Energy left over from Tropical Depression Ten helped to form Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23. Normally, if a depression disappears and forms again, it keeps the same number. However, the formation of Tropical Depression Twelve involved other weather systems, including another tropical wave. Tropical Depression Twelve later became Hurricane Katrina.

Impact 
Tropical Depression Ten did not hit land. Because of this, no tropical cyclone watches and warnings were given out. It did not damage anything or cause any people's deaths, and no ships reported strong winds. Also the depression never became a tropical storm, so it was not given a name by the National Hurricane Center. 

After the depression mostly died, part of its remains contributed to the formation of Tropical Depression Twelve, which later intensified into Hurricane Katrina. Katrina later became a Category 5 hurricane and reached the land in Louisiana, where it caused much damage, becoming one of the worst hurricanes in the history of the United States.

Related pages
 2005 Atlantic hurricane season
 Storm history of Hurricane Katrina

Notes

References

Other websites 

 Tropical Depression Ten Tropical Cyclone Report
 The NHC's archive on Tropical Depression Ten

2005 Atlantic hurricane season
Tropical depressions
August events
Albertosaurus was a relative of Tyrannosaurus. Albertosaurus was smaller than T. rex and lived a few million years earlier. Albertosaurus walked on two legs and had a large head with sharp, saw-toothed teeth. It had two-fingered hands on short arms. Its long tail provided balance and quick turning. It had powerful back legs with clawed, three-toed feet.

It was about 30 feet (9 m) long, about 11 feet (3.4 m) tall at the hips, and up to 3 tons in weight (averaging roughly 2500 kg). The lower jaw of Albertosaurus had from 14 and 16 teeth; the upper jaw had 17-19 teeth. It had one row of teeth in each jaw but had at least one replacement tooth growing up from under each tooth.

Albertosaurus was more lightly built than Tyrannosaurus, and therefore  probably a faster mover in open spaces.

Tyrannosaurids
Hyrrokkin or Saturn XLIV (provisional designation S/2004 S 19) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on June 26, 2006, from observations taken between December 12, 2004, and April 30, 2006.

Hyrrokkin is about 8 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 18,168,300 km in 914.292 days, at an inclination of 153.3° to the ecliptic (154.3° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.3604.

It was named in April 2007 after Hyrrokkin, a giantess (female giant) from Norse mythology, who launched Hringhorni, Baldr's funeral ship. It was originally listed as being spelled Hyrokkin, but the spelling was later corrected.

References 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 IAUC 8727: Satellites of Saturn 2006 June 30 (discovery)
 MPEC 2006-M44: S/2004 S 19 2006 June 26 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (Naming the moon)
 IAUC 8860: Saturn XLIV (Hyrrokkin) (subscription-only) 2007 July 31 (correcting the name)

Saturn's moons
A product is something that is made (produced) and often something that is sold.

In economics, things that one person has and another person wants are called goods. If the thing was made by people, then it is called a product. If it is something that was found in nature, it is called a natural resource.

In marketing, it is an object made for people's use and it satisfies the need of a customer. 

In retail, products are often connected with merchandise, and in manufacturing, products are some materials to create final goods.

Classification 
Products are often connected with services but they are described and used in different ways. 

Products are classified:

By use 
The system of dividing products on departments. For example, retailer Sears, Roebuck and Company created several groups of his products. It helps customers to choose the product by its function.

By association 
A product line is "a group of products that are closely related". There are many product lines for various types of using. For example, within the insurance industry, product lines are divided by the type of risk coverage, such as auto insurance, commercial insurance and life insurance.

Other 
There are also national and international classifications. They can be used by different organizations. For example, the European Union uses a "Classification of Products by Activity". The United Nations classifies products for making reports of international economic activity.

Related pages
Service
Finished goods

References 

Economics
Yippee is a 2006 documentary movie created by Jewish-American director Paul Mazursky. The movie follows a Jewish pilgrimage to the town of Uman in the Ukraine on Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. The city is the burial site of the founder of Bratslav Hasidism, Rabbi Nachman.

Other websites 
Haaretz.com - Hollywood director films Jewish pilgrimage to the Ukraine 

Judaism
2006 movies
Documentary movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Paul Mazursky
The Arabic Wikipedia () is the Arabic language version of Wikipedia. It started in September 2001.

It was the 23rd largest edition of Wikipedia by article count, but grew to 17th largest edition.

As of August 2014, it has over 300,000 articles, over 1,350,000 pages, over 625,000 registered users and over 15,000 files.

It has been blocked in Syria.

References

Other websites
Arabic Wikipedia's main page

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2001
Bergelmir or Saturn XXXVIII (provisional designation S/2004 S 15) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 4, 2005, from observations taken between December 12, 2004, and March 9, 2005.

Bergelmir is about 6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,372,000 km in 1006.659 days, at an inclination of 157° to the ecliptic (134° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.152.

It was named in April 2007 after Bergelmir, a giant from Norse mythology and the grandson of Ymir, the primordial giant. Bergelmir and his wife alone among their kind were the only survivors of the enormous deluge of blood from Ymir's wounds when he was killed by Odin and his brothers at the dawn of time. Bergelmir then became the progenitor of a new race of giants.

References 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 Jewitt's New Satellites of Saturn page
 IAUC 8523: New Satellites of Saturn May 4, 2005 (discovery)
 MPEC 2005-J13: Twelve New Satellites of Saturn May 3, 2005 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
Narvi ( ) or Saturn XXXI is a moon of Saturn. It was discovered by a team of astronomers led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, and given the designation S/2003 S 1.

Description 
Narvi is about 7 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,371,000 km in 1006.541 days, at an inclination of 137° to the ecliptic (109° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.320.

Naming 
It was named in January 2005 after Narvi from Norse mythology, also known as Narfi or Nari, a son of Loki by Sigyn who was killed to punish Loki for his crimes. The gods turned his brother Váli into a slavering wolf who tore his throat out. His entrails were used to bind Loki to a stone slab for all eternity, or at least until Ragnarok. The name was approved by the IAU Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature on January 21, 2005.

Other websites 
 IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature
 IAUC 8116: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn 2003 April 11 (discovery)
 MPEC 2003-G39: S/2003 S 1 2003 April 8 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8471: Satellites of Saturn 2005 January 21 (naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
Suttungr or Saturn XXIII, is a moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett J. Gladman, et al. in 2000, and given the designation S/2000 S 12.

Suttungr is about 5.6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,667,000 km in 1029.703 days, at an inclination of 174° to the ecliptic (151° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.131.

Suttungr may have formed from debris knocked off of Phoebe at some point in the past.

It was named in August 2003 from Norse mythology, where Suttung is a Jotun or giant who once owned the mead of poetry.

The name was said as Suttung in IAU Circular 8177. However, the IAU Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature later decided to add the nominative case ending -r to the base form Suttung.

References 
 IAUC 7548: S/2000 S 12 2000 December 23 (discovery)
 MPEC 2000-Y33: S/2000 S 12 2000 December 22 (recovery/discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8177: Satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus 2003 August 8 (naming the moon Suttung)
 IAUC 8471: Satellites of Saturn 2005 January 21 (correcting the name)

Saturn's moons
Thrymr or Saturn XXX, is a moon of Saturn. It was found by Gladman, et al. in 2000, and given the designation S/2000 S 7.

Thrymr is about 5.6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 20,810,000 km in 1120.809 days, at an inclination of 175° to the ecliptic (151° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.453.

Thrymr may have formed from debris knocked off of Phoebe at some point in the past.

Its name comes from Norse mythology, where Thrymr is a Jotun or frost giant.

The name was said as Thrym in IAU Circular 8177. However, the IAU Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature later decided to add the nominative case ending -r to the root Thrym.

References 
 IAUC 7538: S/2000 S 7, S/2000 S 8, S/2000 S 9 2000 December 7 (discovery)
 MPEC 2000-Y15: S/2000 S 1, S/2000 S 2, S/2000 S 7, S/2000 S 8, S/2000 S 9 2000 December 19 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8177: Satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus 2003 August 8 (naming the moon Thrym)
 IAUC 8471: Satellites of Saturn 2005 January 21 (correcting the name)

Saturn's moons
Aegir or Saturn XXXVI (provisional designation S/2004 S 10) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 4, 2005, from observations taken between December 12, 2004, and March 11, 2005.

Aegir is about 6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,618,000 km in 1025.908 days, at an inclination of 167° to the ecliptic (140° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.237.

It was named in April 2007 after Ægir, a giant from Norse mythology, the personification of tranquil seas, the one who soothes storms away. He is a son of Fornjót, and brother of Logi (fire, flame) and Kári (wind).

References 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 Jewitt's New Satellites of Saturn page
 IAUC 8523: New Satellites of Saturn May 4 2005 (discovery)
 MPEC 2005-J13: Twelve New Satellites of Saturn May 3 2005 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
The District of Porrentruy is one of the districts of the canton of Jura, Switzerland. The capital city is Porrentruy. The French-speaking district has a population of 24,012 (end of 2005).

Porrentruy is divided into 36 municipalities:

Districts of Jura
The District of Franches-Montagnes is a district of the canton of Jura, Switzerland. The capital city is Saignelégier. The French-speaking district has a population of 9,865 (end of 2005).

Franches-Montagnes contains 19 municipalities:

Districts of Jura
Bestla or Saturn XXXIX (provisional designation S/2004 S 18) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 4, 2005, from observations taken between December 13, 2004, and March 5, 2005.

Bestla is about 7 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,959,000 km in 1052.722 days, at an inclination of 147° to the ecliptic (151° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.772. This moon has the most eccentric orbit of any moon in the solar system.

It was named in April 2007 after Bestla, a frost giantess (female giant) from Norse mythology, mother of Odin.

References 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 Jewitt's New Satellites of Saturn page
 IAUC 8523: New Satellites of Saturn May 4, 2005 (discovery)
 MPEC 2005-J13: Twelve New Satellites of Saturn May 3, 2005 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
Beckenried is a municipality of the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. 

The main sights of Beckenried are: the church St. Heinrich and its cemetery chapel, the Ridli chapel, the chapel St. Anna, the Klewen chapel, fun fair (Älplerkilbi), and the St. Nikolas market.

References

Other websites
Official Homepage of Beckenried

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Buochs is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. 

The main sights of Buochs are the church St. Martin, the Loreto chapel in Ennerberg, a monument of Johann Melchior Wyrsch, and the quay.

References

Other websites
Official Homepage of Buochs 

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Fenrir is also a mythical creature from Norse mythology
Fenrir or Saturn XLI (provisional designation S/2004 S 16) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 4, 2005, from observations taken between December 13, 2004, and March 5, 2005.

Fenrir is about 4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 22,611,000 km in 1269.362 days, at an inclination of 163° to the ecliptic (143° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.131.

It was named in April 2007 after Fenrisulfr, a giant wolf from Norse mythology, father of Hati and Skoll, son of Loki, destined to break its bonds for Ragnarök.

Other websites 
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 Jewitt's New Satellites of Saturn page
 IAUC 8523: New Satellites of Saturn May 4 2005 (discovery)
 MPEC 2005-J13: Twelve New Satellites of Saturn May 3, 2005 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
Surtur or Saturn XLVIII (also known as S/2006 S 7) is a moon of Saturn. It was discovered by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on June 26, 2006.

Surtur is about 6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 22,243,600 km in 1238.575 days, at an inclination of 166.9° to the ecliptic (148.9° to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.3680.

It was named in April 2007, after Surtr, leader of the fire giants of Norse mythology.

References
 Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
 IAUC 8727: Satellites of Saturn 2006 June 30 (discovery)
 MPEC 2006-M45: Eight New Satellites of Saturn 2006 June 26 (discovery and ephemeris)
 IAUC 8826: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (Naming the moon)

Saturn's moons
{{Infobox Planet
| name = Cordelia| image = File:Uranus rings and two moons.jpg
| caption = Cordelia (lower-middle, inside of bright ring), as imaged by Voyager 2
| bgcolour = #ffc0c0

| discoverer = Richard J. Terrile / Voyager 2
| discovered = January 20, 1986
| mean_orbit_radius = 49751.722 ± 0.149 km
| eccentricity = 0.00026 ± 0.000096
| period = 0.33503384 ± 0.00000058 d
| inclination = 0.08479 ± 0.031° (to Uranus' equator)
| satellite_of = Uranus

| dimensions = 50 × 36 × 36 km
| mean_radius = 21 ± 3 km
| surface_area = ~5500 km²
| volume = ~38,900 km³
| mass = ~5.0 kg
| density = ~1.3 g/cm³ assumed
| surface_grav = ~0.0073 m/s²
| escape_velocity = ~0.017 km/s
| rotation = synchronous
| axial_tilt = zero
| albedo = 0.08 ± 0.01
| single_temperature = ~64 K
}}Cordelia it the closest moon to Uranus.  It was found from the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 20, 1986, and was given the designation S/1986 U 7. It was not seen again until the Hubble Space Telescope observed it in 1997. Cordelia takes its name from the youngest daughter of Lear in William Shakespeare's King Lear. It is also designated Uranus VI'''. This moon is  wide and is the same size of Mars' smallest moon called Deimos.

Other websites
Cordelia Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

Uranus' moons
is a meat specialty. Other names include Leberkäs, Leberka(a)sand Fleischkäse. It originally was from the South of Germany. It can also be found in Austria and Switzerland. It is similar to meatloaf. It is made of corned beef, sometimes pork, bacon and onions. The ingredients are ground until they are very fine. They are then packed together into loaves. These are baked in an oven, until they get a brown crust.

Etymology
The word "Leberkäse" literally translates to "liver-cheese". In Bavaria there is neither cheese nor liver in the dish, though. Some linguists say, that the word may be related to the German word Laib (loaf). Perhaps it also contains the Slavic root quas (yeast).

What can be in Leberkäse
According to German food laws, only products called "Bavarian Leberkäse" are allowed not to have liver in them; otherwise, there must be a minimum liver content of 4%. Some local variants must contain even more liver; for example, the liver content of "Stuttgarter Leberkäse" must be at least 5%.

Eating Leberkäse

There are several ways of eating Leberkäse:
Cut into approximately finger-thick slices which are then placed in a semmel while still hot and seasoned with mustard. The result, generally called Leberkässemmel, is a staple of Bavarian and Austrian fast food restaurants.

Alternatively, the slices can also be pan-fried ("abgebräunt", browned), in which case they are commonly accompanied by a fried egg and German potato salad. This is a very common Biergarten dish sometimes called Strammer Max.  
 		 
Cold Leberkäse can also be cut into very thin slices and be used on a variety of sandwiches.

References

Other websites 
Bavarian Leberkäse 

Meat dishes
Albula is one of the districts in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It has an area of 723.13 km² and a population of 8,720 people (as of December 2004). 

Albula contains 4 Kreise (sub-districts) Alvaschein, Belfort, Bergün and Surses, which contains 23 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Bernina  is a district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 237.2 km² and a population of 4,687 people (as of December 2004).

Bernina consists of two Kreise (sub-districts) Brusio and Poschiavo, each of which contains a single municipality of the same name.

Districts of Graubünden
Hinterrhein is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 617.67 km² and a population of 12,508 people (as of December 2004). 

Hinterrhein consists of five Kreise (sub-districts) and 39 municipalities.

On 1 January 2006, Medels im Rheinwald became part of Splügen.

On 1 January 2003, the municipalities of Donath and Patzen-Fardün became part of Donat.

Districts of Graubünden
Imboden is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 203.78 km² and a population of 17,528 people. (as of December 2004). 

It contains 2 Kreise (sub-districts) and seven municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Inn is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 1,196.77 km² and a population of 9,371 people (as of December 2004). 

It contains 4 Kreise (sub-districts) and 18 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Landquart is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 193.91 km² and a population of 22,450 people as of December 2004.

It contains 2 Kreise (sub-districts) and 11 municipalities

Sources 

Districts of Graubünden
Maloja  () is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of  and a population of 17,810 people (as of December 2004). Most of the population of Maloja speaks Italian.

It contains 2 Kreise (sub-districts) and 16 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Moesa is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 496.11 km² and a population of 7,640 people (as of December 2004). 

It contains 3 Kreise (sub-districts) and 17 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Plessur is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 266.73 km² and a population of 38,899 people (as of December 2004). The district is named after the river Plessur which crosses it. 

Plessur contains 3 Kreise (sub-districts) Chur, Churwalden and Schanfigg, which makes a total of 16 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Davos is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 823.95 km² and a population of 25,728 people (as of December 2004). 

It contains 7 Kreise (sub-districts) and 16 municipalities:

The sub-districts Davos, Jenaz, Klosters, Küblis and Luzein belonged until 1986 to the defunct district Oberlandquart; the sub-districts Schiers and Seewis to the defunct district Unterlandquart.

Districts of Graubünden
Adrastea or , is the second closest moon to Jupiter. It was found by David C. Jewitt and G. Edward Danielson in Voyager 2 probe photographs taken in 1979 and received the designation . In 1983, it was named after the mythological Adrastea, who was a daughter of Jupiter and Ananke.

Adrastea was the first moon to be found from images taken by an interplanetary spacecraft, rather than through telescopic photography.

Physical characteristics 
Adrastea is non-spherical and measures 20x16x14 km³ across. What Adrastea is made of and the mass of Adrastea are not known, but assuming that its mean density is like that of Amalthea (~0.86 g/cm³) its mass can be estimated at ~2×1015 kg. Amalthea's density implies that moon is composed of water ice with a porosity of 10-15%, and Adrastea may be similar.

No surface details of Adrastea are known, due to the low resolution of available images.

Orbit 
Adrastea is the smallest and second closest member of the closer moons to Jupiter. It orbits Jupiter at ~129,000 km (1.806 Jupiter radii) within the planet's Main Ring. The orbital eccentricity of ~0.0015 and inclination of ~ 0.03° relative to the equator of Jupiter are very small.

Exploration 
Adrastea was found in Voyager 1 and 2 images, but appeared only as a dot. The Galileo spacecraft was able to see its shape, but the images remain poor.

References

Other websites 
 Adrastea Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

Jupiter's moons
Surselva is a district of the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of 1,373.39 km² and a population of 22,381 people (as of December 2004).

It contains 5 Kreise (sub-districts) and 43 municipalities:

Districts of Graubünden
Almens is a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Almens, Paspels, Pratval, Rodels and Tomils merged into the new municipality of Domleschg.

Languages 
German is the most common language in Almens.

Other websites 

Official Web site

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Amalthea is the third closest moon to Jupiter. It was found on September 9, 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard and named after Amalthea, a nymph in Greek mythology. It is also known as .

On Amalthea, Jupiter would be an amazing sight in its sky, looking 92 times bigger than the Full Moon. Amalthea is the biggest of the closer moons of Jupiter. Non-spherical and reddish in colour, it is thought to have of water ice with unknown amounts of other materials. Its surface has big craters and high mountains.

Pictures of Amalthea were taken in 1979 and 1980 by the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft, and later, in more detail, by the Galileo orbiter in the 1990s.

Discovery and naming 
Amalthea was found on September 9, 1892 by Edward Emerson Barnard using the 36 inch (91 cm) telescope at Lick Observatory. It was the first new moon of Jupiter since Galileo Galilei's  discovery of the Galilean moons in 1610.

The moon is named after the nymph Amalthea from Greek mythology who nursed the infant Zeus (the Greek equivalent of Jupiter) with goat's milk. Its Roman numeral designation is . The name "Amalthea" was not adopted by the IAU until 1975, although it had been in use for many decades. The name was suggested by Camille Flammarion. Before 1975, Amalthea was most commonly known simply as . The adjectival form of the name is Amalthean.

Orbit 
Amalthea circles Jupiter at a distance of 181,000 km (2.54 Jupiter radii). The orbit of Amalthea has an eccentricity of 0.003 and an inclination of 0.37° relative to the equator of Jupiter.

Physical characteristics 
The surface of Amalthea is very red  The reddish color may be due to sulfur coming from Io or some other non ice material. Bright patches of green appear on the major slopes of Amalthea, but the nature of this color is currently unknown. The surface of Amalthea is a bit brighter than surfaces of other closer moons of Jupiter.

How Amalthea looks from Jupiter 

From Jupiter's surface —or rather, from just above its cloudtops— Amalthea would appear very bright, shining with a magnitude of −4.7, similar to that of Venus from Earth.

How Jupiter looks from Amalthea 
From the surface of Amalthea, Jupiter would look enormous: it would look 92 times bigger than the Full Moon.

Exploration 
In 1979-1980, the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft made the first images of Amalthea, which resolved its surface. They also measured the moon's surface temperature.  Later, the Galileo orbiter completed taking pictures of Amalthea's surface and a close flyby enabled it to constrain the moon's internal structure and composition.

References

Other websites 
 Amalthea Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration
 Another find for Galileo – Galileo Millennium Mission status report (2003-04-09)
 Jupiter's Amalthea Surprisingly Jumbled – JPL press release (2002-12-09)
 Jupiter From Amalthea, a painting by Frank Hettick, 2002.

Jupiter's moons
Eggerberg is a municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of Valais
Mund was a municipality in the district of Brig in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Mund and Birgisch merged into the municipality of Naters.

Other websites
 Official website 

Former municipalities of Valais
Dallenwil is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland.

The main sights of Dallenwil are the ski and summer resort Wiesenberg/Wirzweli, the church St. Laurentius, and the pilgrimage chapel Wiesenberg.

References

Other websites 
  Dallenwil.ch   official website

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Emmetten is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. 

The main sights of Emmetten are the St. Anna chapel in Schöneck, the church St. Jakob und St. Theresia, the chapel of the holy cross with frescos of danse macabre in Sagendorf, and the chapel in Erlen.

References

Other websites
Official Homepage of Emmetten

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Ennetbürgen is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland.

The main sights of Ennetbürgen are the Saint Jost Chapel and the Church of Saint Anton.

References

Other websites
Official Homepage of Ennetbürgen

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Ennetmoos is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. 

The main sights of Ennetmoos are the chapels of  Saint Jakob, Saint Leonhard (in Rohren), and Saint Magnus (in Allweg), a monument (Überfalldenkmal) in Allweg, ruins at Rotzberg, the Stanserhorn mountain and resort, and the pilgrimage route St. Jakobsweg.

References

Other websites
Official Homepage of Ennetmoos

Municipalities of Nidwalden
Mazandaran (Persian: مازندران) is a province in the north of Iran. It is to the south of Caspian Sea. It has borders with Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Qazvin and Gilan provinces.

References

Other websites 

Mazandaran
A sari (also known as a saree or a shari) is a type of clothing for women. It is mostly used as a daily clothing in modern Republic of India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka as well as formal clothing in Pakistan. It is a very long strip of cloth. Women wrap it around their body. It is the National dress-code commonly worn by Bangladeshi and Indian women alike respectively. Also some Urdu or Mohajir-speaking communities of Pakistani women also wear this garment.

There are different kinds of saris for different occasions.

Gallery 

Clothing
Bangladeshi culture
Indian culture
National symbols of Bangladesh
National symbols of India
The Su-27 Flanker is a Soviet/Russian single-seat fighter aircraft made by Sukhoi. It first flew on 20 May 1977, and was introduced on 23 August 1990. It was first made by the Soviet Union as a fighter, but now it is in the Russian Air Force. It can hold up to 10 guided Air-to-Air medium-range R-27E or short-range R-73 or unguided Air-to-Ground missiles, unguided bombs and a GSh-301 30mm cannon with 150 bullets. It has two AL-31F turbofan engines, a multi-purpose onboard search and track radar, an optical infrared search and track station with a laser rangefinder linked to pilot's helmet-mounted target designator and with a wide-angle HUD.

The Su-27 was made to pair with the MiG-29 Fulcrum, but in the Eritrean-Ethiopian War, Ethiopian Su-27s shot down 5 Eritrean MiG-29s. It was also supposed to fight American fighters like the F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falcon. There are the prototype versions T10 Flanker-A and T10S, the version S Flanker-B for the Russian Air Force, the interceptor version P Flanker-B without Air-to-Ground weapons for the Russian Air Force, the two-seat trainer version UB Flanker-C for the Russian Air Force, the export versions SK and UBK, the upgraded export versions SKM and UBM. There are fighters similar to the Su-27, like the Su-33 Flanker-D and the Su-30 Flanker-C .

The Su-27 is still in service with the Russian Air Force and others. Russian Air Force has hundreds of aircraft.
Half the fleet -about 100 fighters- has been modernized in the SM version from 2004 to 2012. The SM version has improved avionics, guided Air-to-Ground missiles and guided bombs and a “glass” cockpit. Russian Air Force received 12 newly built modernized SM3 aircraft in 2011.

Related pages
 MiG-29 Fulcrum
 F-16 Fighting Falcon
 F-15 Eagle
 F/A-18 Hornet
 F-14 Tomcat

References 

Indian military aircraft
Soviet military aircraft
Cold War
Friedrich Wilhelm "F. W." Murnau (28 December 1888 – 11 March 1931) was a German movie director. He was one of the most influential directors of the silent movie era.  He was born in Bielefeld and attended the University of Heidelberg. He studied art history. He was openly gay. He was 6'4 (193 cm), He was said to have an icy disposition and an obsession with film. He was a combat pilot during World War I. He directed his first movie Der Knabe in Blau () in 1919.

Murnau's most famous movie is Nosferatu (1922). It was based on the book Dracula. Faust was Murnau's last German movie. Nosferatu and Faust were two of the first films to have original music. Some of his German movies were considered to be Expressionist movies.

Murnau went to Hollywood in 1926. He joined the Fox Studio. He made Sunrise in 1927. It did not make a lot of money. It did receive an Academy Award in 1929. Murnau's next two movies were sound movies. They were not well received. Murnau was disappointed. He quit Fox. He went to the South Pacific. In Bora Bora he made Tabu. The movie was censored in the United States for images of bare-breasted Polynesian women. Murnau died in an automobile accident in Santa Barbara, California. He is buried in Stahnsdorf near Berlin.

References

Other websites 

1888 births
1931 deaths
Gay men
German LGBT people
German military personnel of World War I
German movie directors
German movie producers
LGBT directors
People from North Rhine-Westphalia
Road accident deaths in California
Giganotosaurus is a large theropod dinosaur. It lived during the Upper Cretaceous, about 10095 million years ago in what is now Argentina. 70 percent of the skeleton has been found. Giganotosaurus was probably the second largest carnivorous dinosaur of all time. Another large carnivore, Mapusaurus, also lived in the same territory. They were both relatives of the North African  Carcharodontosaurus. 

The largest specimen is  long, and 12.8 feet [3.9m] feet tall at the hip. Its weight is estimated as . 

Titanosaur fossils belonging to Andesaurus and Limaysaurus have been found near the remains of Giganotosaurus. The huge titanosaur Argentinosaurus also lived in the area. Probably, the titanosaurs were the main prey of the large theropods.

References 

Carnosaurs
Eoraptor is one of the earliest known theropod dinosaurs. It was a very small omnivore or carnivore which lived in the Lower Triassic, about 245 million years ago (mya). It is the only one of the possible early dinosaurs which can be exactly dated by a layer of volcanic ash close beneath the fossil. 

Eoraptor was a small, lightly-built archosaur that walked on two long legs. It was about 3 feet long (1 m); it had light, hollow bones, a long head with dozens of small, sharp teeth, and five fingers on its grasping hands (two of the fingers on each hand were very small).

The fossil was found in the Ischigualasto Formation in the Argentine. This contains some of the oldest known dinosaur and archosaur remains. They are of top quality, number and importance. It is the only place in the world where nearly all of the Triassic is represented in an undisturbed sequence of strata. What is now badlands was then a volcanically active floodplain dominated by rivers, with a strongly seasonal rainfall. 

Rhynchosaurs and cynodonts are by far the most common among the tetrapod fossils in the park. Dinosaurs make up only 6% of the findings, but these include early samples of the two major lineages of dinosaurs (ornithischians and saurischians). The carnivorous Herrerasaurus is the most numerous of these dinosaur fossils.

Teeth 
The teeth of Eoraptor  are of two types. There are  serrated, recurved teeth in the maxillae (upper jaws), like the teeth  of theropods, and leaf-shaped teeth in the dentary (lower jaw), like the teeth of basal sauropodomorphs.

Cladogram 
Below is a cladogram based on the phylogenetic analysis conducted by Sues et al. in 2011, showing the relationships of Eoraptor:

A large analysis of early dinosaurs by Matthew Baron, David Norman and Paul Barrett (2017) found Eoraptor to be the earliest diverging member of Theropoda, within the larger clade Ornithoscelida.

References 

Theropods
Triassic dinosaurs
Expressionism is an art and cultural movement of the 20th century.
Expressionist artists try to express a feeling with what they create. Colours and shapes are not used in a way people see them, but as the artist feels them. 

Expressionism emerged as an 'avant-garde movement' in poetry and painting before the First World War. In the Weimar years it was appreciated by a mass audience, peaking in popularity in 1920s Berlin.

Expressionism presents the world as subjective: how the artist feels it, not how it is scientifically. The art looks to get an emotional effect, and transmits personal moods and ideas. Expressionist artists sought to express the meaning of "being alive" and emotional experience rather than physical reality.

Expressionism is exhibited in many art forms, including: painting, literature, theatre, dance, film, architecture and music. The term often implies emotional angst. In a general sense, painters such El Greco could be called expressionist; in practice, the term is applied only to 20th century works.

The Expressionist stress on the individual perspective was also a reaction to positivism and other artistic movements such as naturalism and impressionism.

Typical modern expressionists are Edvard Munch (The Scream), August Macke, Ernst-Ludwig Kirchner, Emil Nolde, Marc Chagall,  and others. The First World War, with the many young men who died, left deep impressions on artists' minds.

References 

Art movements
Checkpoint Charlie was one of three places where people could travel from the Western occupied sectors of Germany and Berlin to the Soviet occupied sectors.

These places were called checkpoints because they were places where passports and identities were checked.
 Checkpoint Alpha was at Helmstedt in West Germany, in the former British Zone. It was at the western end of the main road (autobahn) to West Berlin.
 Checkpoint Bravo was at Dreilinden at the West Berlin end of that autobahn.
 Checkpoint Charlie was at Friedrichstraße in West Berlin. It was the most famous. It was the only place where foreigners could walk or drive from West Berlin into East Berlin.

As it was the only crossing point there were sometimes queues of people waiting to cross. But military traffic was never stopped, because Berlin was supposed to be under the control of all four wartime allies.

The Checkpoint today 
After the end of the Cold War, and the reunification of Germany the checkpoints were no longer needed. The big concrete buildings of Checkpoint Bravo are now used by the German Customs Service . Checkpoint Charlie was only a wooden hut in the street. It was moved to what is now the Allied Museum at 110 Clayallee, and a small replica put up in Kochstraße. The fake checkpoint is very popular with tourists who have their photographs taken in front of it.

Related pages
Die Frau vom Checkpoint Charlie

Cold War
Buildings and structures in Berlin
Berlin Wall
West Germany
Most countries have a Customs Service. The customs service works mostly at ports, airports and the countries borders to make sure that people do not bring things into the country which are banned, or that the right amount of tax has been paid on goods that can be imported (brought into the country).

Some customs officers work at a post office. They do not meet the public, they examine letters and parcels which have been sent from outside the country, to make sure nothing illegal is being brought into the country.

In the United Kingdom the customs service was called "Customs and Excise". This is because it was once two separate bodies. The Customs service collected tax (called customs duty) on goods being brought into the country, for example brandy from France or tea from India. The Excise service collected tax (called excise duty) on goods made in the country, for example Scotch whisky or Irish whiskey. Today all cars and lorries must pay a tax to be allowed to drive on the road. Although most people call this "road tax" or "car tax", it is officially called "vehicle excise duty".

 
Taxation