cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fatal Attraction is an American thriller movie directed by Adrian Lyne. It stars Michael Douglas, Glenn Close and Anne Archer.

Plot 
Douglas plays attorney Dan Gallagher, who lives in Manhattan with wife Beth (played by Archer) and their six-year-old daughter Ellen (played by Ellen Hamilton Latzen). He has a fling with 36-year-old Alex Forrest (played by Close). Alex has borderline personality disorder and self-harms. When Dan ends the affair, she refuses to accept it and reacts with hatred against him and later tells him she is pregnant. Despite him moving to Bedford, New York, she stalks him and uses violence. Dan then approaches the police for a restraining order against her, but the lieutenant claims that he cannot violate Alex's rights without probable cause and must own up to his own adultery.

One day, when Dan and his family are out, Alex kills Ellen's pet rabbit and leaves it on their stove to boil. After this, Dan confesses to the affair and of Alex's pregnancy. Beth then kicks Dan out, but not before he calls Alex to tell her of Beth's knowledge of the affair. Beth then warns Alex that "if you (Alex) ever come near my family again, I'll (Beth) kill you".  The next day, unbeknownst to Beth and Dan, Alex arrives at Ellen's school and picks her up, taking her to a theme park. Beth, in a panic, drives around searching for Ellen and rear-ends a car, resulting in her being hospitalised. Alex takes Ellen home and asks her for a kiss on the cheek. After Beth is released from hospital, she forgives Dan and they return home.

Dan attacks Alex in her apartment and nearly strangles her to death. He stops, but then Alex attacks him with a kitchen knife. He overpowers her, but puts the knife down and leaves, with Alex leaning on the kitchen counter, smiling. Dan approaches the police about having her arrested and they start searching for her. While Beth is preparing a bath for herself, Alex appears with the knife and explains her resentment of Beth, all the while fidgeting and resulting in her cutting her leg, before attacking her. The screaming attracts Dan's attention and he wrestles Alex into the bath, seemingly drowning her. Alex then emerges from the water swinging the knife. Beth then shoots her to death. After Dan is finished talking to the police, he goes upstairs where Beth is waiting for him, they then embrace and proceed upstairs as the camera focuses on a picture of the family.

Other websites 

1987 crime movies
1987 horror movies

1980s crime thriller movies
1980s horror thriller movies
Adultery in movies
American crime thriller movies
American horror thriller movies
Borderline personality disorder in fiction
English-language movies
Movies about stalking
Movies directed by Adrian Lyne
Movies set in New York
Movies set in New York City
Pregnancy movies
Angela is a female given name. It was popular during the 1960s and 1970s. It is now less popular, although Angela is still popular among girls. There are many celebrities with this name.

People
 Angela Kinsey, Emmy Award-winning American actress
 Angela Lansbury (born 1925), English actress
 Angela Marino, New Zealand professional basketball player for the Adelaide Lightning (WNBL)
 Angela Maurer (born 1975), German long-distance swimmer
 Angela Merici (1474–1540), Catholic Saint
 Angela Merkel (born 1954), Chancellor of Germany
 Angela Rumbold (1932–2010), British Member of Parliament
 Angela Christine Smith, Member of the British Parliament
 Angela Evans Smith, Member of the British Parliament

Fictional characters
 Angela Montenegro, fictional character from Bones (TV series)

Places
 Angela Lake, in Volusia County, Florida
 Lake Angela, in Lyon Township, Oakland County, Michigan
 Lake Angela, the reservoir impounded by the source dam of the South Yuba River

Given names
Amol () is the capital city of the Mazandaran Province in Iran.

Cities in Iran
Mazandaran Province
was a  after Genkō and before Karyaku.  This period spanned the years from December 1324 to April 1326.  The reigning Emperor was .

Events of the Shōchū era
 1324 (Shōchū 1, 1st month): Saionji Kinsighe died at age 41.  He was  nadaijin.
 1324 (Shōchū 1, 3rd month): Go-Daigo visited the Iwashimizu Shrine.
 1324 (Shōchū 1, 3rd month): The emperor visited the Kamo Shrines.
 1324 (Shōchū 1, 5th month): Konoe Iehira died. He had been kampaku during the reign of Emperor Hanazono.
 1325 (Shōchū 2, 6th month): The former-shogun, Prince Koreyasu, died at age 62.
 1325 (Shōchū 2, 12th month): The former-kampaku, Ichijō Uchitsune, died at age 36.
 1326 (Shōchū 3): Go-Diago's favorite, Empress Kishi had a false pregnancy.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
 Kyoto National Museum  -- "Treasures of Daikaku-ji", including portrait of Go-Uda and the former-emperor's will 
 

Japanese eras
1324
1325
1326
1320s in Japan
Misiones is one of the provinces of Argentina.  It is in the northeastern corner of the country. Paraguay is to the northwest. Brazil is to the north, east and south.  There are 965,522 people living in Misiones. Iguazú National Park is here.

The province first had Guarani people.

Misiones makes the most yerba mate in all of Argentina.  Light manufacturing and tourism also help the economy.

References

Provinces of Argentina
Neuquén is a province of Argentina.  It is in the west of the country, at the northern end of Patagonia. It borders Chile to the west and Mendoza Province to the northeast. The name comes from the Neuquén River.

National parks
There are four national parks: Los Arrayanes National Park, Lanín National Park, the Nahuel Huapí National Park, and the Laguna Blanca National Park.

Economy
Neuquén is one of the richest provinces in Argentina.  There is a lot of gas and petroleum production.

Provinces of Argentina
Río Negro is a province of Argentina.  It is at the northern edge of Patagonia.  To the east is the Atlantic Ocean.  Its capital is Viedma. Other important cities include the ski resort town of Bariloche, Cipolletti and General Roca.

History
Ferdinand Magellan was the first explorer to visit the coasts of the provinces in 1520.

Industry
The province makes almost 70% of the apples and pears of the country.  Industrial fishing takes place in the Atlantic Ocean waters of the San Matías Gulf. Hake, squid, and shellfish are the most common capture.

Provinces of Argentina
Sauvane Delanoë (born January 19, 1978 in Paris, France) is a French voice actress. She mostly works dubbing the voices of English-language movies and TV shows in French.

Delanoë began acting when she was five years old. She also writes music for theatre.

Voice work
All works are the French versions:
The Young & The Restless - Mackenzie Browning
An American Tail - Fievel Souriskewitz (Phillip Glasser)
Beautiful People - Annabelle Banks (Kathleen Munroe)
E.R. - Cynthia Hooper (Mariska Hargitay)
Grey’s Anatomy - Lisa (Becky Wahlstrom)
Joan Of Arcadia - Grace Polk (Becky Wahlstrom)
Oliver & Company - Jenny (Natalie Gregory)
Profiler - Frances Malone (Heather McComb)
Runaway - Amber (Leah Cudmore)
Scrubs - Jamie Moyer (Amy Smart)
Shark - Janet Butler (Heather McComb)
The Cosby Show - Rudith Lillian "Rudy" Huxtable (Keshia Knight Pulliam)
The Land Before Time - Cera (Candace Hutson)
The Practice - Lucy Hatcher (Marla Sokoloff)
Veronica Mars - Parker Lee (Julie Gonzalo)

References

Other websites

Biography on Avenue 

Child actors
French voice actors
French actors
1978 births
Living people
San Juan is a province of Argentina.  It is in the western part of the country. It borders with Chile at the west. The entire province has an important number of paleontological sites. 

Agriculture is one of the most important economic activities, especially wine production and Olive oil. It is also an important center of mining and oil production.

References

Provinces of Argentina
Wine regions
San Luis is a province of Argentina.  The Pampa de las Salinas is a great salt lake in the province.  The Sierra de las Quijadas National Park is here.

Transportation
The railway system reached San Luis in the year 1875.

Mining
Mining is mostly for construction materials such as limestone and marble.  There is also mining for tungsten, uranium and salt.

Provinces of Argentina
Santa Cruz is a province of Argentina.  It is in the southern part of the country, in Patagonia. It borders Chile to the west and south. To the east is the Atlantic Ocean. It is the second largest province of the country (after Buenos Aires province).  It has the fewest people in mainland Argentina.  Perito Moreno National Park and Los Glaciares National Park are here.

Río Turbio is Argentina's only active coal mine. There is also mining for gold, clay, gypsum, and salt.  Sheep are also important for the economy.  They are used both for wool and meat.

References

Provinces of Argentina
The Invincible Province of Santa Fe is a province of Argentina. It is in the center-east of the country.  Santa Fe's most important cities are Rosario, the capital Santa Fe, Rafaela, Villa Gobernador Gálvez, Venado Tuerto, Reconquista, and Santo Tomé.

In 1889 the National University of the Littoral was formed.

Cattle are important to the province for both meat and milk.

Reference

Provinces of Argentina
Santiago del Estero is a province in the north of Argentina. Its capital is the city of Santiago del Estero

Geography
The province of Santiago del Estero has an area of ; the province is in the northern part of the country and is surrounded by the provinces Salta, Chaco, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Catamarca and Tucumán.

Most of the province is in the Gran Chaco flat lands with some low places where some small lakes are formed. In some low places, there are wetlands that are known here as Esteros.

The main rivers of the province are the Dulce, that is known as Salí river in Tucumán, and the Salado.

Climate
Santiago del Estero has an arid climate, subtype Bsh in the Köppen climate classification.

The average temperature for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The month with the most precipitation on average is January with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .

Population
The inhabitants of Santiago del Estero are known, in Spanish, as Santiagueños (women: Santiagueñas).

The province of Santiago del Estero has a population, in 2010, of 874,006; its population density is of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Santiago del Estero

Political division
The province is divided into 27 departments ().

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Santiago del Estero Province Official Website 

Provinces of Argentina
Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is a province of Argentina.  It is entirely separated from mainland Argentina by the Strait of Magellan. It includes:
 The eastern part of the Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego archipelago and the Isla de los Estados.
 Argentina's claims to the Falkland Islands and to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.
 Argentina's claims to Antarctica.

References

Provinces of Argentina
Aldemaro Romero (March 12, 1928 – September 15, 2007) was a Venezuelan pianist, composer, arranger and orchestral conductor. He was born in Valencia, Carabobo State.

Biography
Romero was a prolific composer, creating a wide range of music, such as Caribbean, Jazz, Venezuelan waltzes, including works for orchestra, orchestra and soloist, orchestra and choir, chamber music, up to symphonic works of great dimensions. In 1951 Romero signed contract with RCA Victor to record with a full orchestra, what was to be a very successful album in the "Dinner In..." series, featuring popular Latin American music. Under the RCA label he published his LP Dinner in Caracas, with which beat all sales records in South America until then. Afterwards, recorded numerous LP albums in different countries. In America, his ability as arranger/conductor led him to collaborate with popular orchestras and singers, such as Dean Martin, Jerry Lee Lewis, Stan Kenton, Machito and Tito Puente, among others. He also toured extensively, performing in numerous countries: Mexico, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Spain, France, Greece, Switzerland, Sweden, Italy, Russia, Egypt and Japan.
Romero was the creator of a new form of Venezuelan music, known as "New Wave" (Onda Nueva), derived from the joropo and influenced by Brazilian Bossa Nova. He also had an important role in the field of learned music.

Aldemaro Romero died in Caracas on September 15, 2007, at the age of 79.

Other websites
 Aldemaro Romero Discography
 Aldemaro Romero official website

Jazz musicians
Pianists
Venezuelan entertainers
1928 births
2007 deaths
20th-century composers
Conductors
People from Caracas
Stephen or Steven is a male given name. It might also mean:

Places
 Australia
 Port Stephens, New South Wales
 Stevensville, Victoria
 Canada
 St. Stephen, New Brunswick
 Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador
 Stevensville, Ontario
 United Kingdom
 Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria, England
 Stevenage, Hertfordshire, England
 Steventon, Hampshire, England
 Steventon, Oxfordshire, England
 Stevens, Yorkshire, England
 Stevenston, Ayrshire, Scotland
 St.Stephen, St Austell, Cornwall, England
 United States
 Fort Stevens (Oregon)
 Fort Stevens (Washington, D.C.)
 Lake Stevens, Washington
 St. Stephen, Minnesota
 St. Stephen, South Carolina
 Stephan, South Dakota
 Stephen, Minnesota
 Stephens, Arkansas
 Stephens City, Virginia
 Stephens County, Georgia
 Stephens County, Oklahoma
 Stephens County, Texas
 Stephenson, Michigan
 Stephenson, Wisconsin
 Stephenson County, Illinois
 Stephenville, Texas
 Stevens County, Kansas
 Stevens County, Minnesota
 Stevens County, Washington
 Stevens Pass, Washington
 Stevens Point, Wisconsin
 Stevens Township, Pennsylvania
 Stevenson, Alabama
 Stevenson, Maryland
 Stevenson, Washington
 Stevensville, Maryland
 Stevensville, Michigan
 Stevensville, Montana
 Stevensville, Pennsylvania
 Italy
 Porto Santo Stefano, Tuscany
 Montenegro
 Sveti Stefan
The President of the Argentine Nation, usually known as the President of Argentina, is the head of state of Argentina. The President is also Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

The current President is Alberto Fernández.  He was sworn in on 10 December 2019.

Living former presidents

 
Government of Argentina
The office of Vice President of Argentina is the second highest political position in Argentina.

The Vice President replaces the President if the President cannot do the job.

This is a list of vice presidents of Argentina.

List of vice presidents

Lists of politicians
Tobias is a Greek form of the Hebrew name "Tobijah" from the Bible, meaning "Jehovah [God] is good". It is often used as a male given name, but has also been a surname (last name).

The surname Tobias may refer to the following people:
Andrew Tobias, American journalist, author and columnist
Channing Heggie Tobias
Charles Tobias, American songwriter
Errol Tobias, former South African rugby union footballer
George Tobias, American character actor
Gert & Uwe Tobias
Herbert Tobias
Jenny Kendall-Tobias, British radio presenter
Jesse Tobias, American guitarist
John Tobias, American co-creator of the Mortal Kombat fighting game series
Mahlon Tobias
Marc Tobias
Michael Tobias
Murray Tobias
Nataliya Tobias
Oliver Tobias, British film, stage and TV actor
Paul Tobias, former member of the American hard rock band Guns N' Roses
Phillip V. Tobias, South African palaeoanthropologist
 Ambassador Randall L. Tobias, former United States Director of Foreign Assistance and administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development
Rudolf Tobias, first Estonian professional composer
Seth Tobias
Timothy J. Tobias
Todd Tobias

Related pages
Tobias, a disambiguation page
Tobias (given name)
The Supreme Court of Argentina is the highest court of law in Argentina. It started on 15 January 1863. The rulings of the court are final.  The court also decides on cases about the constitution.

The members of the Supreme Court are chosen by the President.

Current Justices
The current composition of the Supreme Court is as follows:
 President: Dr. Carlos Rosenkrantz.
 Vice-President: Dra. Elena Highton de Nolasco.
 Justices: Dr. Juan Carlos Maqueda Dr. Ricardo Lorenzetti Dr. Horacio Daniel Rosatti

Government of Argentina
Argentina
1863 establishments
19th-century establishments in Argentina
Julio César Cleto Cobos (born Mendoza, Argentina, April 30, 1955) is an Argentine politician.  He is the Vice President of Argentina for President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner from 2007 to 2011. He started as part of the Radical Civic Union (UCR).  He became Governor of Mendoza in 2003.

References

Vice Presidents of Argentina
1955 births
Living people
The American Hairless Terrier is a hairless dog breed. This means they do not have fur. The American Hairless Terrier is often listed as a good breed choice for people with allergies.

Origin 
The first American Hairless Terrier was born in the United States in 1972. The puppy, who was named Josephine,  was born to a rat terrier mother, who had a coat of fur.

Temperament 
These dogs are friendly. They have a mild temperament and are interested animals.

References

Terriers
The Kepler conjecture is a problem in math. It wants to know the best way to put spheres together so there will be only a little bit of room between the spheres. That means the spheres are put together very tightly, meaning they are dense.

Details 
The Kepler conjecture is about Sphere packing in three-dimensional Euclidean space. It is named after Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) who first had this idea. Kepler supposed that the ways to pack spheres of equal size that result in the packing with the highest density are face-centered cubic or hexagonal packings. Those two things are crystal structures, meaning ways to put things together in a repeating pattern. These packings have a density of slightly over 74 percent, this means that they fill about 74 percent of space available.

Conjectures
The Great Hunger Ireland 1845-1849 is a book written in 2008 about the Potato Famine in Ireland. It was written by British historian Cecil Woodham-Smith, who was born in Wales but of Irish ancestry. In her book, Woodham-Smith said that the British government was irresponsible when dealing with the famine. She especially criticised Sir Charles Edward Trevelyan, the British administrator who was in charge of famine relief.

Other websites
Look up on Special:BookSources

2008 books
History books
"I'm Too Sexy" was a hit song by group Right Said Fred. It is about a histrionic-narcissistic model. It reached the top 5 in the English charts. It was first released in 1991. A remix, "I'm Too Sexy 2007", was released in 2007 and was a top 75 hit. The song was released by Tug Records. In 2013 Right Said Fred made the song again as "I'm Too Smurfy" for World Smurfs Day.

References 

1991 songs
Narcissism in fiction
The Río de la Plata  called River Plate in British English  is a river in Argentina.  It is an estuary made from the Uruguay River and the Paraná River.  These rivers are on the border between Argentina and Uruguay. It is about  long.

The Río de la Plata widens from about  at the inner part to about  at its mouth. Buenos Aires is on its western shore.  Montevideo is on its northern shores.

The Río de la Plata is home for the loggerhead sea turtle, green sea turtle, leatherback sea turtle, the rare La Plata dolphin, and many species of fish.

Battle of the River Plate (1939) 
The first naval battle of the Second World War was fought near the River Plata.  The Kriegsmarine "pocket battleship" Admiral Graf Spee was engaged by the Royal Navy cruisers, ,  and  off the estuary of the River Plate in December 1939. 

The German ship retired up the estuary with a crippled fuel system and put into port at Montevideo.  A few days later, rather than fight outgunned against the British, she was scuttled in the estuary.  This engagement was part of the early Battle of the Atlantic skirmishes.

References

Other websites
Is an old map from 1616 showing the Río de la Plata

Rivers of Argentina
Rivers of Uruguay
The Templo Libertad is a synagogue in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is the home of the Argentinian Israelite Congregation and the Jewish history museum.

Synagogues
Buildings and structures in Argentina
1932 establishments in South America
20th-century establishments in Argentina
, also known as Noboyuki Abe,  was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, Governor-General of Korea, and 36th Prime Minister of Japan from August 30, 1939 to January 16, 1940.

Early life
Abe was born into an ex-samurai family in Kanazawa city, Ishikawa Prefecture. 

Abe attended Tokyo No.1 Middle School (Tokyo Metropolitan Hibiya High School) followed by No.4 High School. While still a student, he volunteered for military service during the First Sino-Japanese War.

After the war, Abe graduated from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy.  He was part of the 19th class of the Army War College.

Military Career
Abe became commander of the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment from 1918-1921. In August 1918, his regiment was sent to Siberia during Japan's Siberian Intervention, but was never in combat.

Abe was appointed commander of the 4th Infantry Division on  December 22, 1930. 

He later served as instructor in the Army War College followed by chief of the Military Affairs Bureau and as Vice Minister of the Army.

In 1933, Abe was promoted to full general.  He was Commander-in-Chief of the Taiwan Army. 

In 1936, he was placed on the reserve list.

Politician
Abe Nobuyuki became 36th Prime Minister on August 30, 1939.  

Abe was replaced by Mitsumasa Yonai in January 1940.

Abe joined the House of Peers in 1942.

He was appointed the 10th (and last) Governor-General of Korea in 1944 and 1945.

After World War II, Abe was arrested by the Americans under General Douglas MacArthur. He was not charged with any war crimes and he was soon released.

Related pages
 Shōwa period

References

Other websites

|-

|-

1875 births
1953 deaths
Generals
Japanese military people
People from Ishikawa Prefecture
Prime Ministers of Japan
Jacques Villiers, (26 August 1924 – 13 March 2012) is a French aerospace engineer and public servant. He is the founder of the Centre d'études de la navigation aérienne (French air navigation center) and co-founder of the CAUTRA system, the computer system of the French air traffic management.

In the words of Michel Wachenheim: "We can consider Jacques Villiers as one of the main
founders of "the French school of air navigation" with everything
it has scientific expertise, know-how
technological and operational experience. He quickly understood
that France could and should play a leading role in this
sector, because of its aviation history, its ability to
train highly qualified specialists, but also its global ambitions
and European geography. He retained confident until the end that we could provide leadership in technical
international level, I am reminded of conversations with him on this
subject. The best tribute to him is certainly to continue
in this way."

Bibliography 
 In partnership with Paul Funel, Le transport aérien français : rapport au ministre d'État, ministre des Transports, La documentation française, Paris 1982 ()
 Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique, Le Cherche-Midi, June 2005, 782 p. (), p. 523, Villiers, Jacques
 Sophie Poirot-Delpech, Mémoire et histoires de l'automatisation du contrôle aérien : Sociobiographie du CAUTRA, L'Harmattan Editions, 11th of September 2009

References 

1924 births
2012 deaths
Alumni of the École nationale de l'aviation civile
French engineers
Aviation in France
Alumni of the École Polytechnique
In software engineering, an Entity-relationship model is a conceptual model of data. Very often, the term is shortened to ER model. ER models are used to create relational databases. They show how the different parts of a data model interact with each other.

Peter Chen proposed to use this modelling approach in an article he wrote in 1976. Chen was not the first to have this idea. After the publication of the article, the idea was modified as well.

ER modelling

In an ER model, there are three different types of objects:
 An entity exists in the real world; for example: an employee called Smith, or a project with number 1234.
 A relationship shows how two entities relate to each other
 Both entities and relationships can have attributes. Anything that is useful to know about an entity or a relationship is an attribute. 
Since the database must be able to find an entity or a relationship, it must be able to identify it with a set of attributes that is unique. This set of attributes is usually called primary key.
After all the relations have been mapped, they are usually also revised to include cardinalities; a cardinality specifies the number of entities related in a relationship. This information is needed when the database is created. Depending on cardinality and the level of database normalisation, it may be necessary to introduce additional entities and relationships.

Creating a database
When everything has been described, it is easy to create a relational database, as follows:
 Every type of entity can directly be mapped to a relation ("database table")
 Every type of attribute can directly be mapped to attributes ("columns" in the database table)
 Attributes can directly be mapped to attributes ("columns" in the database table)

Limitations
An ER model describes the relations between entities. It is adapted to represent relational data. Data that cannot easily be put into this form should not be modelled with an ER model. ER is aimed at designing a database from scratch; using it to describe and change a database that already exists may be more difficult to do.

Even where it is suitable in principle, ER modeling is rarely used as a separate activity.
One reason for this is that there are many tools that allow diagramming and that have other design support directly on relational database management systems.
These tools can extract database diagrams that are very close to ER diagrams from existing databases, and they provide alternative views on the information contained in such diagrams.

In a survey, Brodie and Liu could not find a single instance of entity-relationship modeling inside a sample of ten Fortune 100 companies.  Badia and Lemire blame this lack of use on the lack of guidance but also on the lack of benefits, such as lack of support for data integration.

References

Database modeling
Sir Andrew John Wiles, KBE, FRS (born Cambridge, 11 April 1953) is an Abel Prize-winning British mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at Oxford University. He specializes in number theory. He is most famous for proving Fermat's Last Theorem. He is a foreign member of the United States National Academy of Sciences since 1996.

The proof of Fermat's Last Theorem 
In the summer of 1986, Wiles decided to prove the theorem. Gerhard Frey, Jean-Pierre Serre and Ken Ribet had done successful research in the last few years. Wiles realised that he could prove a limited form of the modularity theorem. So, he decided to solve this problem. This was done somewhat secretly. In 1993, he presented his proof to the public for the first time at a conference in Cambridge. In August 1993, however, it turned out that the proof contained a gap. Wiles tried to fill in this gap. But the error he made was a very basic one. Wiles got the crucial idea for avoiding, rather than closing this gap. This came to him on 19 September 1994. Together with his former student Richard Taylor, he published a second paper. This avoided the error and thus completed the proof. Both papers were published in 1995 in a special volume of the Annals of Mathematics.

Recognition by the media
Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem was scrutinized by mathematical experts. Wiles was interviewed for an episode of the BBC documentary series Horizon that focused on Fermat's Last Theorem. This was renamed "The Proof". It was made an episode of the Public Broadcasting Service's science television series Nova.

References

Abel Prize winners
English mathematicians
1953 births
Living people
Fellows of the Royal Society
British number theorists
Richard Lawrence Taylor (born 19 May 1962) is a British mathematician. He works in number theory. He was a former research student of Andrew Wiles. He returned to Princeton to help Wiles complete the proof of Fermat's last theorem.

Taylor received the 2007 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences. This for his work on the Langlands program. He did this work with Robert Langlands.

Career
Taylor received his B.A. from Clare College, Cambridge. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1988. From 1995 to 1996 he held the Savilian Chair of Geometry at Oxford University. He was also a Fellow of New College, Oxford. Currently, he is the Herchel Smith Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University.

He received the Whitehead Prize in 1990, the Fermat Prize and the Ostrowski Prize in 2001. He also got the Cole Prize of the American Mathematical Society in 2002, and the Shaw Prize for Mathematics in 2007. He was also elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1995.

Work

There are two papers which have the complete proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. One of them was written by Taylor with Andrew Wiles.

In his later work, Taylor (along with Michael Harris) proved the local Langlands conjectures. A simpler proof was suggested almost at the same time by Guy Henniart.

Later, together with Christophe Breuil, Brian Conrad, and Fred Diamond, he completed proving the Taniyama–Shimura conjecture, by performing very difficult computations. 

Recently, Taylor, following the ideas of Michael Harris, developed on his work with Laurent Clozel, Michael Harris, and Nick Shepherd-Barron. He has announced that he proved the Sato–Tate conjecture, for elliptic curves with non-integral j-invariant. This partial proof of the Sato–Tate conjecture uses a theorem of Wiles.

Personal life
Taylor is married to Christine Taylor . She is a mathematical biologist. They have two children: Jeremy and Chloe.  He is also the son of  British physicist, John C. Taylor.

References

Living people
1962 births
Fellows of the Royal Society
British number theorists
Yi Bok-nam ( Hanja: ; born June 28 1555 in Gangneung - died August 16 1597 Namwon, Lee Bok-nam) was an army general and politician of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He was one of Korea's generals in the Imjin War.

References 
 http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=888269 
 http://people.aks.ac.kr/front/tabCon/ppl/pplView.aks?pplId=PPL_6JOb_A9999_1_0009571&curSetPos=0&curSPos=0&isEQ=true&kristalSearchArea=B  
 http://koreandb.nate.com/history/people/detail?sn=1045

1555 births
1597 deaths
Generals
Korean military people
Korean politicians
In mathematics, an algebraic equation, also called polynomial equation over a given field is an equation of the form

where P and Q are polynomials over that field, and have one (univariate) or more than one (multivariate) variables. For example:

is an algebraic equation over the rational numbers.

Two equations are called equivalent if they have the same set of solutions. This means that all solutions of the second equation must also be solutions of the first one and vice versa. The equation  is equivalent with . So the study of algebraic equations is equivalent to the study of polynomials.

If an algebraic equation is over the rationals, it can always be converted to an equivalent one, where all the coefficients are integers. For example, in the equation given above, we multiply by 42 = 2·3·7 and group the terms in the first member. The equation is converted to

The solutions of an equation are the values of the variables for which the equation is true. But for algebraic equations there are also called roots. When solving an equation, we need to say in which set the solutions are allowed. For example, for an equation over the rationals, one can find solutions in the integers.  Then, the equation is a diophantine equation. One may also look for solutions in the field of complex numbers. One can also look for solutions in real numbers.

Ancient mathematicians wanted the solutions of univariate equations (that is, equations with one variable) in the form of radical expressions, like  for the positive solution of . The ancient Egyptians knew how to solve equations of degree 2 (that is equations in which the highest power of the variable is 2) in this manner. During the Renaissance, Gerolamo Cardano solved the equation of degree 3 and Lodovico Ferrari solved the equation of degree 4. Finally Niels Henrik Abel proved in 1824 that the equation of degree 5 and the equations of higher degree cannot always be solved by using radicals. Galois theory, named after Évariste Galois, were introduced to give criteria deciding if an equation is solvable using radicals.

References

Equations
Sylvie Faucheux (born 29 May 1960 in the 20th arrondissement of Paris) is a French professor and politician. She specialized in the fields of economy of the natural environment and sustainable development. She was President of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 2002 till the 12 April 2012.

Faucheux graduated from the Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University which she founded in 1995. She managed the Center for economics and ethics environment and sustainable development, which, in 2002, became a joint research unit between UVSQ and the Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) (Institute of Development Research).

Faucheux is a politician as well as an educator. She was a SP candidate at the parliamentary elections for the first district of Yvelines in June 2007.

In December 2002, she was named President of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. She was president until 12 April 2012, when Jean-Luc Vayssière was made president. She is the current head of Université du grand ouest parisien. Faucheux is a member of the Board of Research and Higher Education in France. She has been a member since 2002. She is responsible for the working group on sustainable development.

Sylvie Faucheux is Chevalier of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques (14 July 2004 promotion), Chevalier of the Ordre national du Mérite (14 November 2005 Decret), Chevalier of the Legion of Honour and owner of the Marianne d'Or 2009 for her actions in favor of the sustainable development.

References

Further reading 
 Sylvie Faucheux, Jean-François Noël, Économie des ressources naturelles et de l'environnement, Armand Colin, 1999, 320 p. ()
 Sylvie Faucheux, H. Joumni, Économie des changements climatiques, La découverte - slf, 2005, 128 p. ()
 Sylvie Faucheux, Catherine Moulin, T.I.C. et développement durable, De Boeck, 2010 ()
 Who’s Who in France 2011, 2010 ()
 Who’s Who in France 2012, 2011 ()

Living people
1960 births
French politicians
French educators
Presidents of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University faculty
In finance, a derivative is a special type of contract. In it, the two parties agree to sell (or to buy) certain goods, at a given price, on a given date. Derivatives can be used in two ways. The first is called speculation: One party hopes that the market price differs from the price agreed upon in the contract, so that they can make the difference between the two. The second is called hedging: One party wants to make sure that the market price doesn't go in a direction that would hurt their profits, so they make sure that the price is agreed upon a long time before the transaction takes place. For a seller, hedging means that they can be certain to receive the agreed upon price, and for the buyer hedging means that they can be certain not to pay more than the agreed upon price. From a moral point of view, speculation is considered a negative activity.

One of the oldest derivatives is rice futures, which have been traded on the Dojima Rice Exchange since the eighteenth century.

Derivatives can take many forms but some of the most common types are Futures, Contracts for Difference and Options. They can also be structured on a range of different assets including Forex, Equities, Commodities and interest rates.

References

Finance
"Hollaback Girl" is the third single off American singer Gwen Stefani's first solo studio album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. The song was released on March 15, 2005.

Background and writing
While writing the song, Stefani and Pharrell Williams discussed about writing a song on her intentions for pursuing a solo career. Stefani then said that the album was missing an "attitude song", and she remembered a negative comment that musician Courtney Love had said about her in an interview with magazine Seventeen. 
"Being famous is just like being in high school. But I'm not interested in being the cheerleader. I'm not interested in being Gwen Stefani. She's the cheerleader, and I'm out in the smoker shed."

Stefani then responded to Love's comment in the March 2005 issue of the NME:
"Y'know someone one time called me a cheerleader, negatively, and I've never been a cheerleader. So I was, like, "OK, fuck you. You want me to be a cheerleader? Well, I will be one then. And I'll rule the whole world, just you watch me."

On the Billboard charts, "Hollaback Girl" was able to peak at #1 on Hot 100, #1 on the Pop 100, #8 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, #15 on the Hot Dance Club Play, and #18 on the Adult Pop Songs charts. In 2006, the song was nominated for a Grammy Award in the categories of Best Female Pop Vocal Performance and Record of the Year.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

All-time charts

References

Other websites
"Hollaback Girl" on YouTube

2004 songs
2005 songs
Gwen Stefani songs
Hip hop songs
R&B songs
Jeffrey Warren Daniels (born February 19, 1955) is an American actor. He was born in Athens, Georgia. He grew up in Chelsea, Michigan.

Daniels starred in Something Wild, Terms of Endearment, Arachnophobia and Dumb and Dumber. He won an Emmy Award in 2013.

Other websites 
 
 
 
 

Emmy Award winning actors
Saturn Award winners
1955 births
Living people
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
Actors from Michigan
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
is a Japanese video game designer. At one time, he worked for Sega. Ōshima designed and created the characters for Sonic the Hedgehog and Dr. Eggman. Yuji Naka and Hirokazu Yasuhara are often given credit for his work on the Sonic series because of their close association with the Sonic name. Ōshima became well known at Sega's Sonic Team for creating characters and playing an important part in the development of games like Phantasy Star, Sonic CD, Nights into Dreams..., and Sonic Adventure.

After he left Sonic Team, he created his own game company called Artoon. Since then, he left from the position of president in the company and was replaced by Yutaka Sugano. From there he went on to work on games like Pinobee and Blinx: The Time Sweeper, and in 2004, the sequel to Blinx, Blinx 2: Masters of Time & Space. In 2010, Artoon was turned into AQ Interactive. In 2010, he and other main members of Artoon left to create Arzest. He was given a "Special Thanks in the game Sonic Generations.

References

Japanese video game designers
1964 births
Living people
Sega people
The moment of force (also called the first moment of force) about any point is the product of the force and perpendicular distance between them. If this first moment is again multiplied by the perpendicular distance between them, the product so obtained is called the second moment of force or moment of moment of the force. If instead of force, the area of the figure or mass of the body is considered, it is called the second moment of area or second moment of mass. They are also termed broadly as moments of inerta.

There is no physical significance for moment of inertia. It is just a mathematical expression usually denoted by

Related pages
Polar moment of inertia

Engineering
Physical quantity
Geometry
Jean-Luc Vayssière, born in 1956, is a French professor, specializing in genetics and cell biology. He was President of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from the 12th of April 2012 until April 2016.

Jean is also a graduate from the Paris Diderot University in molecular biology, he started his career as assistant at the Collège de France in the year 1990. In 1994, he became lecturer at the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. In 2001, he was appointed as the head of training at the École pratique des hautes études before entering in 2006 as teacher at the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. Alongside his teaching activities, he is a researcher at the Laboratory of Genetics and Cell Biology, responsible of the "stress and cell death" team.
The 12th of April 2012, he is elected President of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, succeeding Sylvie Faucheux. He is replaced by Dider Guillemot in May 2016.

References 

Living people
1956 births
French educators
French chemists
French geneticists
Presidents of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University faculty
William Smith O'Brien (; 17 October 1803 – 18 June 1864) was an Irish politician. At one point he was a member of the British Parliament. Later on he was a nationalist and leader of the Young Ireland movement and led a rebellion against British rule in the 1840s during the Potato Famine. He was convicted of treason, a felony, and could have been executed, but he was exiled to Van Diemen's Land instead. In 1856, he was pardoned and allowed to return.

References

1803 births
1864 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
British Anglicans
Former members of the British House of Commons
Irish politicians
People from County Clare
Political activists
Prisoners sentenced to death
False dilemma, also called the either-or fallacy, us vs. them fallacy, black-or-white fallacy, false dichotomy, or the fallacy of false choice, is a mistake in logic that allows only two possibilities when more than two exist.

For example, there is "either-or fallacy" in saying that an apple must be green or red.  The premise is that the apple is either one color or another; but this beginning is a mistake because some apples—not most—are other colors.  In other words, most apples are red or green, but some are also yellow.

A "fallacy of false choice" may hide a deliberate attempt to eliminate agreement on an issue. Eldridge Cleaver used this tactic when he said: "You're either part of the solution or part of the problem."

A false dilemma may also be used for comedic effect.  Stephen Colbert used this tactic when he asked guests on The Colbert Report: "George Bush... great president or the greatest president?"

Related pages
 Fuzzy logic
 Denying the correlative
 Apples and oranges
 Falsifiability
 Ipse dixit

References

Further reading
  entry in The Fallacy Files

Logical fallacies
John Mitchel (; 3 November 1815 – 20 March 1875) was an Irish nationalist leader who helped lead a rebellion against British rule in the island in 1848. He was born in Camnish, near Dungiven, County Londonderry. His Jail Journal is one of the most famous works in Irish nationalism.

1815 births
1875 deaths
Northern Ireland people
Activists
The Indian Navy is the naval part of the Indian Armed Forces.

In 2010, the Indian Navy had 58,350 personnel, around 170 ships and 180 aircraft. It is the world's fourth largest navy in terms of personnel.

Aircraft carriers 

Currently, the Indian Navy has one aircraft carrier. Two more are being built and will enter service by 2012 and 2015.

The carrier that the Indian Navy currently uses is called INS Viraat. INS Viraat was bought by India from the United Kingdom in 1986.

References 

Navies
Military of India
The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited is an aerospace company of India. Its headquarters are in Bangalore. It is one of Asia's major aerospace companies.

It is managed by the Ministry of Defence of the Indian Government. It builds and modifies military and civil aircraft. In addition, it is also involved in maintaining airports.

Aircraft companies
Companies of India
Military of India
Bangalore
Year 200 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events 
 By place 
 Seleucid Empire 
 Antiochus III's forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria and Palestine.

 Greece 
 Philip V of Macedon's fleet defeat the Rhodians at Lade. His forces then advance into Pergamum, plundering Pergamese territory and attacking cities in Caria.
 The Acarnanians, with Macedonian support, invade Attica. 
 The Roman ambassador to Greece, Syria, and Egypt, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus delivers an ultimatum to Philip V warning Macedonia not to make war on any Greek state. Philip decides to reject the Roman ultimatum and the Romans declare war on Macedon, thus starting the Second Macedonian War.
 The Roman consul, Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus, asks Attalus I and his fleet to meet up with the Roman fleet off the Greek Aegean coast and they conduct a naval campaign against Philip V, harassing Macedonian possessions in and along the Aegean.

 Roman Republic 
 Roman forces defeat the Gauls of Cisalpine Gaul in the Battle of Cremona.
 The bacchanalia are wild and mystic festivals of the Roman god Bacchus which are introduced into Rome from lower Italy by way of Etruria (approximate date).

 Bactria 
 Euthydemus I of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom dies and is succeeded by his son Demetrius I of Bactria (approximate date).

 South America 
 The city of Tiwanaku is founded as a village near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia (approximate date).
 The Early Horizon period in the Andes comes to an end as the Chavin culture vanishes and is succeeded by the Nazca culture (approximate date).

 China 
 The construction of the Wei-Yang Palace in the Han Dynasty capital (Chang'an) begins.
 The Hsiung-nu appear on the western borders of China.
 The Han emperor Gaozu is defeated by the Xiongnu in the Battle of Baideng.
 The Great Wall of China was completed.

 By topic 
 Art 
 Alexander the Great, head from a Hellenistic copy of a statue, possibly after a 4th century BC original by Lysippos is made. It is now kept at the Archeological Museum in Istanbul, Turkey.
 Lost-wax casting is known in China and Mesopotamia (approximate date).
 Roman artists begin trying to produce the illusion of thin slabs of colored marble covering the walls, which are set off by actual architectural moldings and columns, in private houses. These attempts last for 120 years.

 Astronomy 
 The first good measurement of the distance between Earth and the Sun is made by Eratosthenes (approximate date). By studying lunar eclipses, his result is roughly 150 000 000 km. The currently accepted value is 149 597 870 691 ± 30 metres.

In fiction 
 This year is used as the fourth time world (Amazon Jungle) in the video game The Lost Vikings II.
 The Tribunal in Marianne Curley's Guardians of Time Trilogy is set up near Athens.

Births 

 Jia Yi, Chinese statesman and poet (d. 169 BC)

Deaths 

 Euthydemus I, King of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom from 223 BC (approximate date)

200s BC
Amado Boudou (born November 19, 1963) is an Argentine businessman.  He was the 35th Vice President of Argentina from December 2011 through December 2015. Before he was Minister of the Economy from 2009 to 2011. 

In 2012 he was accused of influence peddling and money laundering. He was sentenced to five years and ten months in prison, and banned for life from holding public office.

References

1963 births
Living people
Vice Presidents of Argentina