Events

Up to 1900 
 587 - Treaty of Andelot: King Guntram of Burgundy recognizes Childebert II as his heir.
 936 - Shi Singtang is enthroned as the first Emperor of the Later Jin Dynasty by Emperor Taizong of Liao in China.
 1443 – Skanderbeg and his forces liberate Kruja, Albania and raise Albania's flag.
 1520 – Ferdinand Magellan sails through the Magellan Strait.
 1582 – William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway marry.
 1627 - The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy has its greatest and last victory in the Battle of Oliwa.
 1660 - At Gresham College, twelve men, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Williams and Robert Moray, decide to found what later becomes the Royal Society.
 1666 - At least 3,000 men of the Scottish Royal Army led by Tom Dalyell of the Binns defeat about 900 Covenanter rebels.
 1814 - The Times of London is for the first time printed by automatic steam-powered presses built by the German inventors Friedrich Koenig and Andreas Friedrich Bauer, signaling the beginning of the availability of newspapers to a mass audience.
 1821 – Panama unites with Greater Colombia, declaring independence from Spain.
 1843 – The Kingdom of Hawaii is recognised as an independent state by the United Kingdom and France.
 1862 - American Civil War: In the Battle of Cane Hill, Union troops under General James G. Blunt defeat General John Marmaduke's Confederates.
 1885 - Bulgarian victory in the Serbo-Bulgarian War preserves the Unification of Bulgaria.
 1893 - New Zealand becomes the first country in which women can vote in a general election.
 1895 - The first American automobile race takes place over the 54 miles from Chicago's Jackson Park to Evanston, Illinois. Frank Duryea wins in around 10 hours.

1901  2000 
 1905 – In Dublin, Arthur Griffith founds the Sinn Féin political party.
 1907 - in Haverhill, Massachusetts, scrap metal dealer Louis B. Mayer opens his first movie theater.
 1909 - Sergei Rachmaninoff makes the first performance of his Piano Concerto No. 3.
 1912 – Albania declares independence from the Ottoman Empire.
 1914 - World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.
 1917 - The Estonian Provincial Assembly declares itself the sovereign power of Estonia.
 1918 - Bukovina votes for a Union with the Kingdom of Romania.
 1919 – Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor becomes the United Kingdom's first female Member of Parliament.
 1925 - The Grand Ole Opry begins broadcasting in Nashville, Tennessee.
 1942 - In Boston, Massachusetts, a fire in the Coconaut Grove nightclub killing 491 people.
 1943 – World War II: The Allied Conference in Tehran takes place.
 1958 – Chad, the Republic of the Congo and Gabon become autonomous Republics within the French community.
 1960 – Mauritania becomes independent from France.
 1964 – NASA launches the Mariner 4 probe towards Mars.
 1966 - Michel Micombero overthrows the monarchy of Burundi and makes himself the country's first President.
 1971 - Prime Minister of Jordan Wasfi al-Tal is assassinated by the Black September unit of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.
 1975 – East Timor declares independence from Portugal.
 1979 – A plane crash on Mount Erebus in Antarctica kills 257 people.
 1980 - Iran-Iraq War: Operation Morvarid - The bulk of Iraq's Navy is destroyed by Iran in the Persian Gulf.
 1987 – A South African Airways plane crashes into the Indian Ocean near Mauritius, killing all 160 people on board.
 1989 – Czechoslovakia's Communist Party announces that it will give up its hold on power.
 1990 – Margaret Thatcher officially resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and is replaced by John Major.
 1994 – Voters in Norway reject EU membership in a referendum.

From 2001 
 2002 – Suicide bombers blow up an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa, Kenya.
 2004 – A mine explosion in Shaanxi province, China, kills 166 people.
 2010 – WikiLeaks releases 200,000 diplomatic cables, including 100,000 marked as secret or confidential.
 2014 - A terrorist attack on the main mosque in Kano, Northern Nigeria, kills dozens of people.
 2016 - LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 crashes near Medellin, Colombia, killing 76 people (leaving 5 survivors), including many members of Brazilian football club Chapecoense.

Births

Up to 1900 
 1118 - Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1180)
 1489 – Margaret Tudor, wife of James IV of Scotland (d. 1541)
 1598 - Hans Nansen, Danish politician (d. 1667)
 1628 – John Bunyan, English cleric and writer (d. 1688)
 1632 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, French composer (d. 1687)
 1640 - Willem de Vlamingh, Flemish captain (d. 1698)
 1660 - Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (d. 1690)
 1681 - Jean Cavalier, French rebel leader (d. 1740)
 1700 - Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, consort of King Christian VI of Denmark (d. 1770)
 1757 – William Blake, English poet (d. 1827)
 1772 – Johann Gottfried Jakob Hermann, German philologist (d. 1848)
 1785 – Victor de Broglie, Prime Minister of France (d. 1870)
 1792 - Victor Cousin, French philosopher (d. 1867)
 1793 - Carl Jonas Love Almqvist, Swedish poet (d. 1866)
 1811 – King Maximilian II of Bavaria (d. 1864)
 1820 – Friedrich Engels, German thinker who wrote about Communism with Karl Marx (d. 1895)
 1829 – Anton Rubinstein, Russian composer (d. 1894)
 1837 - John Wesley Hyatt, American inventor (d. 1920)
 1851 - Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey, British politician and statesman, 9th Governor General of Canada (d. 1917)
 1853 - Helen Magill White, American educator (d. 1944)
 1856 - Belisario Porras Barahona, President of Panama (d. 1942)
 1857 – King Alfonso XII of Spain (d. 1885)
 1864 - Lindley Miller Garrison, American lawyer and politician (d. 1932)
 1866 - Henry Bacon, American architect (d. 1924)
 1880 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet (d. 1921)
 1881 – Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (d. 1942)
 1887 – Ernst Röhm, German Nazi official (d. 1934)
 1895 – José Iturbi, Spanish pianist (d. 1980)
 1896 - Lilia Skala, Austrian-American actress (d. 1994)

1901  1950 
 1901 - Oscar Diego Gestido, 32nd President of Uruguay (d. 1967)
 1901 - Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma (d. 1960)
 1904 - James Eastland, American politician (d. 1986)
 1904 - Nancy Mitford, English author (d. 1973)
 1907 – Alberto Moravia, Italian writer (d. 1990)
 1908 – Claude Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist (d. 2009)
 1910 - Elsie Quarterman, American economist (d. 2014)
 1915 - Konstantin Simonov, Russian poet (d. 1979)
 1916 - Lilian, Princess of Rethy, British-born Queen Consort of Belgium (d. 2002)
 1916 - Ramon Jose Velasquez, former acting President of Venezuela (d. 2014)
 1923 - Gloria Grahame, American actress (d. 1985)
 1923 - James Karen, American actor (d. 2018)
 1925 – Jozsef Bozsik, Hungarian footballer (d. 1978)
 1926 - Bernard Kops, English dramatist and poet
 1927 - Abdul Halim of Kedah, Sultan of Kedah and Head of State of Malaysia (d. 2017)
 1927 - Chuck Mitchell, American actor (d. 1992)
 1929 – Berry Gordy, American record company owner
 1929 - Thomas Remengesau Sr., Palauan politician, President of Palau (d. 2019)
 1931 – Tomi Ungerer, French cartoonist (d. 2019)
 1932 - Gato Barbieri, Argentine jazz musician and movie score composer (d. 2016)
 1933 - Hope Lange, American actress (d. 2003)
 1935 – Prince Hitachi, Japanese royalty
 1936 - Carol Gilligan, American feminist and psychologist
 1936 - Gary Hart, American politician and author
 1936 - Celin Romero, Spanish guitarist
 1940 - Bruce Channel, American singer-songwriter
 1941 - Laura Antonelli, Italian actress (d. 2015)
 1942 - Manolo Blahnik, Spanish shoe designer
 1943 – Randy Newman, American musician
 1943 - Manlio Rocchetti, Italian make-up artist (d. 2017)
 1943 - Tuulikki Ukkola, Finnish journalist and politician (d. 2019)
 1944 – Rita Mae Brown, American writer and activist
 1945 - Franklin Drilon, Filipino politician
 1946 - Joe Dante, American film director
 1947 - Michel Berger, French singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
 1947 - Maria Farantouri, Greek singer and politician
 1948 – Agnieszka Holland, Polish director and script writer
 1949 – Alexander Godunov, Russian ballet dancer (d. 1995)
 1949 - Paul Shaffer, Canadian-American musician, actor, comedian and composer
 1950 – Ed Harris, American actor
 1950 – Russell Alan Hulse, American physicist
 1950 - George Yonashiro, Japanese footballer

1951  1975 
 1951 - Barbara Morgan, American actor and journalist
 1952 - Pat Cox, Irish politician
 1953 – Alistair Darling, British politician
 1953 – Pamela Hayden, American actress
 1953 - Michael Chertoff, American politician
 1953 - Nadezhda Olizarenko, Soviet-Ukrainian athlete (d. 2017)
 1953 - Ewald Lienen, German footballer and coach
 1955 – Alessandro Altobelli, Italian footballer
 1956 - Fiona Armstrong, British journalist and author
 1958 – Kriss Akabusi, British athlete
 1958 - Shaun Prendergast, English actor and writer
 1959 - Nancy Charest, Canadian politician (d. 2014)
 1959 - Judd Nelson, American actor
 1960 – John Galliano, British fashion designer
 1961 – Martin Clunes, British actor
 1961 - Alfonso Cuarón, Mexican director, screenwriter and producer
 1962 – Jon Stewart, American comedian and television host
 1962 - Paul Dinello, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
 1962 - Jane Sibbett, American actress
 1963 - Charles Dale, Welsh actor
 1963 - Armando Iannucci, Scottish comedian, director and producer
 1964 - Michael Bennet, American politician
 1964 - Roy Tarpley, American basketball player (d. 2015)
 1964 - Sian Williams, British journalist
 1967 - José del Solar, Peruvian footballer
 1967 – Anna Nicole Smith, American actress and model (d. 2007)
 1968 - Astrid Williamson, Scottish musician, composer and songwriter
 1970 - Richard Osman, English television presenter
 1970 - Edouard Philippe, French politician, Prime Minister of France
 1971 - Fenriz, Norwegian singer-songwriter
 1972 – Paulo Figueiredo, Angolan footballer
 1972 - Hiroshi Nanami, Japanese footballer
 1972 - Anastasia Kelesidou, Greek discus thrower
 1973 - Jade Puget, American guitarist and producer
 1974 – Apl.de.ap, Filipino-American musician (Black Eyed Peas)
 1975 – Takashi Shimoda, Japanese footballer
 1975 - Park Sung-Bae, South Korean footballer
 1975 - Sigurd Wongraven, Norwegian singer-songwriter, musician and producer

From 1976 
 1977 - Greg Somerville, New Zealand rugby player
 1977 – Fabio Grosso, Italian footballer
 1977 – Gavin Rae, Scottish footballer
 1978 – Mehdi Nafti, Tunisian footballer
 1979 – Chamillionaire, American rapper
 1979 - Daniel Henney, American actor and model
 1980 - Lisa Middelhauve, German singer-songwriter
 1982 - Leandro Barbosa, Brazilian basketball player
 1983 – Nelson Haedo Valdez, Paraguayan footballer
 1983 - Summer Rae, American football player, wrestler and actress
 1984 – Andrew Bogut, Australian basketball player
 1984 – Mary Elizabeth Winstead, American actress
 1984 - Trey Songz, American singer-songwriter, producer and actor
 1985 – Caitlin McClatchey, Scottish swimmer
 1985 – Alvaro Pereira, Uruguayan footballer
 1985 - Landry N'Guémo, Cameroonian footballer
 1987 – Karen Gillan, Scottish actress and director
 1987 - Craig Kieswetter, English cricketer
 1988 - Hiroki Fujiharu, Japanese footballer
 1988 - Scarlett Pomers, American actress and singer-songwriter
 1988 - Daniel Matsunaga, Brazilian-Japanese actor and model
 1989 - Laura Brock, Australian footballer
 1990 - Dedryck Boyata, Belgian footballer
 1990 - Bradley Smith, British motorcycle racer
 1991 - Scott Allan, Scottish footballer
 1992 - Adam Wicks, American actor, rapper, singer and songwriter

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 711 - Pope Gregory III
 1170 – Owain Gwynedd, King of Gwynedd (b. 1100)
 1290 – Eleanor of Castile, Queen of Edward I of England (b. 1241)
 1680 – Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Italian sculptor (b. 1598)
 1680 – Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi, Italian architect and painter (b. 1606)
 1694 – Matsuo Basho, Japanese poet (b. 1644)
 1695 - Giovanni Paolo Colonna, Italian composer (b. 1637)
 1698 - Louis de Buade de Frontenac, French soldier (b. 1622)
 1763 - Naungdawgyi, King of Burma (b. 1734)
 1785 - William Whipple, American politician (b. 1730)
 1794 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, Prussian-American general (b. 1730)
 1845 - Patriarch Meletius III of Constantinople (b. 1772)
 1859 – Washington Irving, American writer (b. 1783)
 1870 – Frédéric Bazille, French painter (b. 1841)
 1890 - Jyotirao Phule, Indian philosopher and activist (b. 1827)

1901  2000 
 1915 – Mubarak Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1896)
 1921 – 'Abdu'l Baha, Persian religious leader (b. 1844)
 1927 - John W. Griggs, Governor of New Jersey and United States Attorney General (b. 1849)
 1930 - Patriarch Constantine VI of Constantinople (b. 1859)
 1939 – James Naismith, Canadian inventor of basketball (b. 1861)
 1945 - Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician (b. 1879)
 1954 – Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist (b. 1901)
 1960 - Tsunenohana Kan'ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1896)
 1962 – Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (b. 1880)
 1963 - Karyn Kupcinet, American actress (b. 1941)
 1968 – Enid Blyton, English writer (b. 1897)
 1971 - Wasfi al-Tal, Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1920)
 1973 – Marthe Bibesco, Romanian writer (b. 1886)
 1976 - Rosalind Russell, American actress (b. 1907)
 1982 - Helen of Greece and Denmark, Queen Consort of Romania (b. 1896)
 1992 – Sidney Nolan, Australian painter (b. 1917)
 1993 – Jerry Edmonton, Canadian drummer (Steppenwolf) (b. 1946)
 1993 - Garry Moore, American comedian and game show host (b. 1915)
 1994 – Jeffrey Dahmer, American serial killer (b. 1960)
 1997 - Georges Marchal, French actor (b. 1920)

From 2001 
 2003 - Antonia Forest, English author (b. 1915)
 2007 – Elly Beinhorn, German pilot (b. 1907)
 2007 – Gudrun Wagner, German festival co-organiser (b. 1944)
 2010 – Leslie Nielsen, Canadian-American actor (b. 1926)
 2011 – Ante Markovic, Croatian politician and former Yugoslavian Prime Minister (b. 1924)
 2011 - Charles T. Kowal, American astronomer (b. 1940)
 2012 - Don Rhymer, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1961)
 2012 - Zig Ziglar, American writer, salesman and motivational speaker (b. 1926)
 2013 - Mitja Ribicic, Slovenian politician and former Yugoslavian Prime Minister (b. 1919)
 2014 - Chespirito, Mexican actor, director and writer (b. 1929)
 2014 - Said Akl, Lebanese writer (b. 1912)
 2014 - Lucidio Sentimenti, Italian footballer (b. 1920)
 2015 - Luc Bondy, Swiss theatre and opera director (b. 1948)
 2015 - Gerry Byrne, English footballer (b. 1938)
 2015 - Olene S. Walker, American politician, Governor of Utah (b. 1930)
 2015 - Yoka Berretty, Dutch actress (b. 1928)
 2015 - Jean Joubert, French author (b. 1928)
 2015 - Tomasz Tomczykiewicz, Polish politician (b. 1961)
 2016 - Mark Taimanov, Russian chess player (b. 1926)
 2017 - Patrícia Gabancho, Argentine-Spanish writer (b. 1952)
 2017 - Shadia, Egyptian actress (b. 1931)
 2018 - Richard Fulton, American politician (b. 1927)
 2018 - Robert Morris, American sculptor (b. 1931)
 2018 - Harry Leslie Smith, British writer and political commentator (b. 1923)
 2019 - Marion McClinton, American theatre director and playwright (b. 1954)
 2019 - Pim Verbeek, Dutch footballer and coach (b. 1956)

Observances 
 Independence Day (Albania, 1912 declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire)
 Independence Day (Mauritania, independence from France in 1960)
 Republic Day (Burundi, Chad)
 Declaration of Independence (East Timor)
 Navy Day (Iran)
 Ascension of 'Abdu'l Baha (Baha'i faith)

Days of the year