cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
OxygenOS () - OS on base Android, developed by a Chinese smartphone manufacturer OnePlus exclusively for their smartphones. OxygenOS was developed for the global marketplace. There is also another version of the OS developed specifically for the China market called HydrogenOS.

In an interview published by 3 September 2016, developers XDA found that OnePlus "actively combines both platforms (OxygenOS and HydrogenOS) into a single cohesive operating system".

Features

Notable features of versions 2.0 and 2.1.1 include permissions Program, Waves MaxxAudio, SwiftKey keyboard, screen gestures, custom icons, dark mode, manual camera mode, and RAW support for third-party apps like Camera FV-5 2.75.

On 14 June 2016, OnePlus released OxygenOS 3.0. This is the version Android with several modifications and internal customizations like gestures, a shell and a dark mode from OnePlus.

On 31 December 2016, OnePlus released OxygenOS 4.0.0 based on Android Nougat and includes its features and several other modifications to the general public through downloads via OTA.

On 31 January 2018, OnePlus released OxygenOS 5.0.3 based on Android Oreo to the general public through OTA downloads. In May 2018, OnePlus released OnePlus 6 with OxygenOS based on Android Oreo 8.1.

On 29 October 2018, OnePlus released the OnePlus 6T from OxygenOS 9.0 based on Android Pie.

On 25 December 2018, OnePlus released OxygenOS 9.0.0 based on Android Pie for OnePlus 5/5T to the general public via OTA.

On 14 October 2020, OnePlus released The OxygenOS 11 based on Android 11 for OnePlus 8T models and other 8 series models. They introduced many features such as AOD (Always on Display) and One Handed Mode Better Experience. OxygenOS's latest version is faster, smoother, and smarter than ever.

Privacy issues
On 10 October 2017, a security researcher discovered that OxygenOS system service called "DeviceManagerService" collects sensitive data and transmits it back to OnePlus servers. The service collects many data points, including the serial number of the device, the phone number, IMEI, network connections and time records of user activity in each application. Users can delete the system service through ADB. OnePlus later released a statement on data collection and analytics, arguing that the data is only used to improve and optimize the system, is not shared with third parties and can be disabled by users in system settings. OnePlus also says they are reviewing the data analysis mechanism and no longer collecting certain data.

History
In 2014, OnePlus promised the experience is "close to pure Android, without bloation and with great customization capabilities." Soon they held a contest "Name the firmware" in search of a name. On 30 January 2015, OnePlus officially announced the names OxygenOS and HydrogenOS. The winner of this @Midifire from Belgium was taken to the headquarters in Shenzhen, where he met with the team with their general manager Pete Lau.

Operating systems
Smartphones
Alejandro Padilla (; born March 22, 1973) is an American politician. He is the Junior U.S. Senator from California after replacing Vice President Kamala Harris on January 20, 2021. He was elected the 32nd Secretary of State of California in January 2015. 

Padilla is a member of the Democratic Party.

On December 22, 2020, Padilla was picked by Governor Gavin Newsom to replace Vice President Harris in the United States Senate. Padilla is the first Hispanic Senator from California and the first male senator to represent the state since 1993.

References

1973 births
Living people
United States senators from California
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Los Angeles
US Democratic Party politicians
Kenya Summer Moore (born January 24, 1971) is an American actress, model, producer, author, television personality, and entrepreneur.

Moore co-starred in the Bravo series The Real Housewives of Atlanta begining in 2012.  She was also was a member of the cast of The Celebrity Apprentice 7 in 2015. Moore won the Miss USA contest in 1993 . She placed in the top 6  in that year's Miss Universe pageant. After thism she was in many movies and television shows. These include Waiting To Exhale (1995) and Deliver Us From Eva (2003), The Steve Harvey Show (1998) and Girlfriends (2004).

Moore has produced several movie projects, had a book published, and starred in her own exercise video. She is also known for her involvement in businesses. She is the founder of hair care brand, Moore Hair.

References

Other websites

Kenya Moore's Official Website
Game, Get Some! on Amazon.com
Trois – Box Office Mojo

1971 births
Living people
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
American movie actors
American television actors
Participants in American reality television series
Miss USA
Rebecca Luker (April 17, 1961 – December 23, 2020) was an American actress, singer and recording artist. She appeared in many musical productions on Broadway. Her stage credits include Mary Poppins, Show Boat and The Music Man. Her voice type was soprano. 

Luker was nominated for three Tony Awards and two Drama Desk Awards. She played a part in opera star Plácido Domingo's recording of The Broadway I Love (1991). Off the stage, Luker also acted onscreen in television shows and movies. The New York Times compared her to actresses such as Barbara Cook and Julie Andrews.

Luker was born in Birmingham, Alabama. She grew up in Helena, Alabama. She married fellow actor and singer Danny Burstein in 2000.

Luker was diagosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in late 2019. She died on December 23, 2020, in Manhattan, New York City. She was 59.

References

Other websites

 

1961 births
2020 deaths
Actors from Alabama
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in New York City
People from Birmingham, Alabama
Singers from Alabama
Sopranos
Mannan Hira (1956 – 23 December 2020) was a Bangladeshi dramatist and filmmaker. He was the recipient of 2006 Bangla Academy Literary Award in the drama category.

Biography 
Hira was born on 1956 in Sirajganj, East Pakistan. He completed his higher secondary education from Rajshahi College. Then he graduated from University of Dhaka.

He was the president of Bangladesh Path Natok Parishad and a member of Aranyak Natyadal. He had written around 15 theater plays.
In 2014, Hira debuted as a filmmaker through Ekatturer Khudiram.

Hira died on December 23, 2020 in Dhaka of a heart attack.

References

1956 births
2020 deaths
Bangladeshi playwrights
Bangladeshi movie directors
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Muslims
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Gnome Alone is a computer animated comedy fantasy movie. It was made in the United States and released in 2017.

Cast 

 Becky G as Chloe
 Josh Peck as Liam
 Tara Strong as Catherine
 Olivia Holt as Brittany
 David Koechner as Zamfeer
 Jeff Dunham as Quicksilver
 Patrick Stump as Alpha / Bravo / Charlie
 Nash Grier as Trey
 Madison De La Garza as Tiffany and Chelsea
 George Lopez as Zook
 Fred Tatasciore as Mega Trogg and The Troggs, evil creatures

References 

2017 animated movies
2010s fantasy movies
2010s musical movies
2017 comedy movies
American animated movies
American fantasy-comedy movies
American musical comedy movies
Canadian animated movies
Canadian comedy movies
The "Hymn to Liberty" (el.  Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν, Hymnos eis tin Eleutherian) has been the national anthem of Greece since 1865 and Cyprus since 1966. It is based on a long poem written in 1823 by Dionysios Solomos. The words were later set to music by Nicolaos Mantzaros in 1865.

Lyrics

Greek original

Translation

Notes

References

National anthems
Poems
Greece
Republic of Cyprus
Ivan VI Antonovich (Iván VI; Ioánn Antónovich; ;  – ) was Tsar of Russia from 1740 to 1741 until he was removed from the position.

Murder 
He was murdered in July 1764.

Russian nobility
The Gagauzia Radio Television (GRT) is the only television channel based in Comrat and broadcasting in Gagauzia. Its name is Gagauziya Radio Televizionu in Gagauz Turkish. The channel is in Turkey and cooperates with the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation. It can be seen via satellite by Turksat 3A since 2018.

The channel started in the year 2000 with the help of TİKA and in 2004 was publicated as a independent channel that offered political, economic, social, cultural themes.

This channel organizes of the entry for Gagauzia in TSC.

References

Other websites 
GRT Official Site
Official Facebook account of GRT
Official Twitter account of GRT
Official Instagram account of GRT
GRT Official YouTube channel of GRT

2000 establishments in Europe
Moldova
Television networks
Igor Ivanovich (or Ihor Ivanovych) Belanov (born 25 September 1960) is a former Ukrainian footballer. He played for the Soviet Union football team.

Career statistics

Club

Other – USSR Super Cup, USSR Federation Cup & 2. Bundesliga Play-Off

International

International goals
Scores and results list Soviet Union's goal tally first.

Honours

Club
Dynamo Kyiv
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1985–86
Soviet League: 1985, 1986
Soviet Cup: 1985, 1987, 1990
Soviet Super Cup: 1986, 1987
UEFA Super Cup: Runner-up 1986

Chornomorets Odessa
Ukrainian Premier League: Runner-up 1995–96

International
Soviet Union
UEFA European Football Championship: Runner-up 1988

Individual
 Ballon D'Or: 1986
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: Top scorer 1985–86
 World Soccer magazine's Player of the Year: Runner-up 1986
 FIFA World Cup Bronze Boot: 1986
Top assist provider: UEFA Euro 1988
 The World Cup's top 100 footballers of all time, by The Times
 Merited Master of Sports: 1986
 The best 33 football players of the Soviet Union (4): 1985 — No. 3, 1986 — No. 1, 1987 — No. 3, 1988 — No. 3
 FIFA XI: 1991, 1998
 Golden Foot: 2008, as a legend

References

Other websites
 Profile at UkrSoccerHistory 
 
 

1960 births
Living people
Ukrainian footballers
Association football forwards
1986 FIFA World Cup players
People from Odessa
Judith Hoag (born June 29, 1968) is an American television series and movie actress. She is best known for playing April O'Neill in the 1990 movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. She also played Cindy Dutton Price in the HBO drama series Big Love.

Hoag later played Tandy Hampton in the television series Nashville. After that, she played Stephanie Quinn in Syfy's fantasy series The Magicians.

Hoag was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts.

References

Other websites 
 

1968 births
American television actors
American movie actors
Soap opera actors
Actors from Massachusetts
Living people
European Radio for Belarus (Eŭrapéjskaje Rádyjo dla Biełarúsi, ERB, ) is a radio station and website. It is from Belarus. It was made on February 26, 2006. European Radio for Belarus works on FM, OIRT FM, Internet, and Satellite. Journalists of the station work from Minsk and Warsaw.

The radio station has one of the highest ratings among propaganda-free media in Belarus.

The site of European Radio for Belarus can't be opened in Belarus. It has been writing about the 2020 Belarusian protests and 2020 Belarusian presidential election, so journalists of the European Radio for Belarus have been tried and arrested for that. On July, 5, 2021, the Government of Belarus shut the house of European Radio for Belarus in Minsk. Since July 8, 2021, the second website of European Radio for Belarus can't be opened in Belarus.

Awards 
 ERB journalist Marina Shukjurova received ‘П’еро’ Award in Freedom of Speech nomination (2009);
 Dmitry Lukashuk got first prize at BAJ ‘Вольнае слова’ Competition (2015);
Honorary Diploma of the Belarusian Association of Journalists for very good work of journalist Dmitry Lukashuk (video series "Idea X") (2019).

References

Other websites 
 

Radio stations in Belarus
Websites established in 2006
Censorship in Belarus
All This and Heaven Too is a 1940 American romantic drama movie directed by Anatole Litvak and was based on the 1938 novel of the same name by Rachel Field. It stars Bette Davis, Charles Boyer, Barbara O'Neil, June Lockhart, Virginia Weidler, Ann E. Todd, George Coulouris, Montagu Love and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1941.

Other websites
 
 
 

1940 movies
1940s drama movies
1940s romance movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Anatole Litvak
People who are very poor and who cannot even cover their basic needs, such as getting a place where they live, or food, sometimes trade sexual intercourse to cover these needs. This practice is called survival sex. The term is used by sex trade, poverty researchers, and aid workers.  Very often, people who engage in survival sex are homeless. Sometimes, survival sex is used to get illegal drugs. 

Survival sex is common throughout the world. It has been studied in many countries including the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Philippines, Thailand, New Zealand, Colombia, Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa.

Researchers estimate that of homeless youth in North America, one in three has engaged in survival sex. In one study of homeless youth in Los Angeles, about one-third of females and half of males said they had engaged in survival sex. People who have been homeless for a longer time, who have become victims, or who have become criminals are more likely to engage in survival sex. This is also true for people who have attempted suicide, who are pregnant, or those who have a STI.

Survival sex is common in refugee camps. In Uganda, 1.4 million civilians have been displaced by conflicts between Ugandan government forces and the militant Lord's Resistance Army. Many of them live in refugee camps in northern Uganda. Human Rights Watch reported in 2005 that displaced women and girls in these camps were engaging in survival sex with other camp residents, local defense personnel, and Ugandan government soldiers.

See also 

 Sexual capital

References

Social issues
Poverty
Prostitution
Cynthia is a 1947 American comedy drama movie directed by Robert Z. Leonard and was based on the 1945 play The Rich, Full Life by Viña Delmar. It stars Elizabeth Taylor, George Murphy, S. Z. Sakall, Mary Astor, Gene Lockhart, Spring Byington, Morris Ankrum and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites
 
 
 

1947 movies
1940s comedy movies
1947 drama movies
1940s comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
MGM movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Robert Z. Leonard
The geology of Australia records over 3.8 billion years of the Earth's history. Australia is a continent on the Indo-Australian Plate. It is immensely old, and has rocks of many different types.

Like its close neighbour, New Guinea, Australia was once part of the southern supercontinent of Gondwanaland. Geologically, they are on the same tectonic plate. When world sea levels were low, the two shared shorelines (which now lie 100 to 140 metres below sea level). They combined with lands now under water, sometimes known as Greater Australia. The two huge countries became separated when the area now known as the Torres Strait flooded after the end of the last glacial period. Big as Australia is, it was much bigger in the past. The end of the last ice age saw sea levels rise, and the old connections were broken.

Blocks
The main continental blocks of the Australian continent are;
 The Yilgarn Craton, of Archaean age. The Murchinson Province of the craton has the oldest dated meteorite impact crater: 2229 ± 5 mya. (the Yarrabubba crater).

 The Pilbara Craton of Archaean to Proterozoic age
 The Gawler Craton and Willyama Block, of Archaean to Proterozoic age.

Around them are several Proterozoic volcanic belts and sedimentary basins. The cratons formed the greater Australian landmass in the late Archaean to mesoProterozoic, (~2400 mya to 1,600 mya).

 Musgrave Block of granulite gneiss and igneous rocks.
 The Arunta Block of amphibolite grade metamorphic rocks and granites.
 The Gascoyne Complex, Glengarry Basin, and Bangemall Basin sandwiched between the Yilgarn and Arunta Blocks.

The older, western, two-thirds of the continent is much thicker (over 200 km thick) than the eastern third (about 38 to 59 km thick). The continental crust is mainly made of Archaean, Proterozoic and some Palaeozoic granites and gneisses. A thin veneer of mainly Phanerozoic sedimentary basins cover much of the Australian landmass (these are up to 7 km thick).

Meteorite craters 
Many meteorite craters have been found in Australia, but few have yet been confirmed.
Gosses Bluff crater (Tnorala) in southern Northern Territory. Confirmed, 22km diameter, 142.5 mya (Lower Cretaceous).
Shoemaker crater (central Western Australia). Confirmed, 30km+, 1630 mya (Proterozoic).
Wolf Creek crater (Western Australia). Confirmed, 875 m, Pleistocene, ~150 kya.

The Earth Impact Database lists 190 confirmed craters, of which Australia has 27. The largest is the Yarrabubba crater in mid Western Australia. Its estimated age is 2.229 billion years ago. It is one of the oldest known impact structures on Earth.

References 

Australia
Australia
Abdullah Mohtadi (born 1949 in Bukan, Iran) is the leader of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan. As a politician, he has played a prominent role in the Kurdish resistance struggle against the Iranian regime. Abdullah Mohtadi is also a member of the board of Iran's Transitional Council (ITC). In the international media, Abdulla Mohtadi is known as a political analyst of the Middle East, especially ongoing affairs of Iran and Iranian Kurdistan.

As of 2020, Iran is an Islamic republic, where Islamic leaders play an important role. Mohtadi wants to establish a secular state. He has called for democratic reforms. He also called for a society that respects many different opinions; this idea is known as pluralism.

History 
Despite all the efforts to remain in secrecy, in the 1970s, Mohtadi was arrested three times. The last time he was arrested, Abdullah was sentenced to more than three years' imprisonment for his activism against the Shah regime. Since  SAVAK was unable to provide any evidence regarding Mohtadi's political actions, he was released from prison and now, his party should cope with its most important era of the pre-Islamic Revolution Iran. When Ayatollah Khomeini ordered a massive onslaught against Iranian Kurds in August 1979, Mohtadi emerged as a leader of the Kurdish resistance movement.

Posts 

Originator of the Komala Party (1969)

Central Committee of Komala (1979)

Secretary General of Komala (1980)

Secretary General of the Communist Party (1983)

Secretary General of Komala (2000)

Secretary of the Transitional Council Iran (2019)

Other websites 
 Abdullah Mohtadi Remarks
 Interview with Mr. Abdullah Mohtadi, the Secretary General of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan
 The Kurds and the Green Movement
 Regime change in Iran task for its people: Iranian Opposition Leader
 International Business Times
 Iran has engaged in murder campaign against Kurds 
 Islamic regime ‘are oppressors and liars’

Books 
 مقدمه ­ای بر گسست و گذار 
 شۆرش لە سەردەمی نوێدا

References 

1949 births
Living people
Iranian politicians
Kurdish politicians
There have been several classifications of the needs of a person. While these classifications vary, they commonly place the basic needs at the lowest level. Basic needs are those that must be satisfied, to guarantee survival. According to Abraham Maslow these include:

 Needs of the body, or biological needs: breathing, warmth (clothing), food and drink, sleep
 Security: A place to live, health, protection from danger, law and order
 Social needs: friends/a partner, love, a sex life, communication

Maslow doesn't clearly say which of these are basic needs.

Absolute poverty has been defined as being unable to satisfy basic needs, or spending most of the income on satisfying those needs.

Poverty
Psychology
Nepal Nag (September 19, 1909 – October 4, 1978) was a Bengali politician, activist and a leader of Communist Party. He was involved in Indian independence movement and Bengali language movement.

Biography 
Nag was born on 19 September 1909 in Tejgaon, Dhaka. His father's name is Suresh Chandra Nag. In 1923, he joined 'Srisangha' directed by Leela Nag. 

He was arrested by the police on April 21, 1932. While in Deuli prison, he was introduced to the communist ideology by the Marxist poet and veteran revolutionary Rebati Varman. After his release, he became a member of the then Communist Party of India. 

He represented the East Pakistan Provincial Communist Party at the 1970 World Communist Conference in Moscow. He also represented the Communist Party of East Pakistan at the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of Russia in 1971.

Nag retired from politics in 1982. He died on October 4, 1978 in Kolkata, aged 69.

Awards 
 Friends of liberation war award 2012 (Bangladesh).

References

1909 births
1978 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
People from Dhaka
Hindus
Weberbauerella chilensis is a Dalbergiae legume species close to W.brogniartiodes; with a prostrate habit and shorter leaflets. This species was found in Pica district.

References 

Faboideae
SD Compostela is a football club which plays in Spain.

History

Founded in 1928, Compostela spent the better part of that and the following decades playing professional football. On October 28, 1962, the newly formed SD Compostela merged with the Club Arenal. The decade of the 1970s was irregular. The team played in the Tercera División, in the Regional category and in the new Segunda División B. Its first promotion to a semi-national stage occurred in 1977, with a promotion to Segunda División B (Group 1), which lasted just one season; Compos promoted again in 1980, this time lasting six years.

Relegation in 1986 was compounded by off-field controversy surrounding the actions of then president Francisco Steppe. He resigned amid allegations of receipt of payments to throw a game against Pontevedra CF, which would assure the opposition's maintenance in the category. The late 1980s saw a significant restructuring of the club both at board and management levels and, in 1990, Compostela regained third-level status.

The following campaign was to prove the club's most successful to date. On 23 June 1991, a capacity crowd of 8,000 at the Estadio Municipal Santa Isabel, saw goals from Juanito and Ochoa (two) clinch a 3–1 victory in the final play-off match against CD Badajoz, for a first-ever Segunda División visit.

The move to Estadio Multiusos de San Lázaro coincided with the continuing rise in the team's fortunes and, at the end of 1993–94, following a 3–1 play-off victory against Rayo Vallecano, Compostela reached La Liga. Compostela did remarkably well, and reached a best finish of 10th in 1995–96, mainly courtesy of strikers Christopher Ohen and Bent Christensen, whom totalled 23 league goals.

After four seasons at the top, Compostela was relegated after losing a relegation play-off match to Villarreal CF on the away goals rule, despite playing overall attractive football. The club was also about to start a downward spiral; after a relegation to the third level in 2001 the team returned the following year but, in the following campaign, played to a backdrop of off-field distractions, with the players and staff going unpaid for months – a final ninth place was not enough to prevent another relegation, as the club failed to meet the 31 July deadline to settle all wage debts.

References 

20th-century establishments in Spain
1962 establishments in Europe
Spanish football clubs
Santiago de Compostela
Georgie Glen (born 20 April 1956) is a Scottish actress, best known for her stage and television work. Her most notable role is as Hannah More in the 2006 film Amazing Grace. Other roles she's played include John Ruskin's mother in the TV mini-series Desperate Romantics about the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and a recurring role in Heartbeat as Sgt Jennifer Noakes. She also played History teacher Audrey McFall in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road, a role she played from 2012 to 2015. More recently, Glen's had large roles in the TV shows Hetty Feather, Call the Midwife and The Crown.

Other websites 

1956 births
Living people
Scottish stage actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish movie actors
TeamTO is an independent French animation studio that produces TV series and movie projects. It is in Paris. It has a second production facility in Bourg-les-Valence, with offices in Los Angeles, California, U.S., Beijing, China and London, England, United Kingdom.[2] The studio was founded in 2005 by Guillaume Hellouin, Corinne Kouper and Caroline Souris.[1]

 2007: Zoé Kézako (Season 2)
 2009: Hareport
 2010: The Numtums
 2010: Babar and the Adventures of Badou (Season 1-3)
 2010: Angelo Rules (Season 1-4)[3]
 2010: Oscar's Oasis
 2011: Plankton Invasion
 2013: Rabbids Invasion (Season 1-3)
 2015: Sofia the First (Season 3-4)
 2016: Skylanders Academy (Season 1–3)[4]
 2016: Elena of Avalor
 2016: My Knight and Me
 2018: PJ Masks (Season 2-4)
 2019: Mighty Mike
 2019: Ricky Zoom
 2014: SOS Fairy Manu
 2016: Papaya Bull
 2019: Gigablaster

2005 establishments in France
Animation studios
The pampas cat or gato de las pampas (Leopardus pajeros or Leopardus colocolo) is a small wild cat that lives in the Andes mountain range.  They live in Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Ecuador, and Colombia.  Some scientists think this cat is really three species, L. colocolo, L. braccatus, and L. pajeros. Other scientists think they are all one species.

This cat lives in many kinds of habitats: cloud forests, swamps, scrublands, and grasslands.

This cat mostly eats small rodents such as guinea pigs and mice, but they also catch birds, for example flamingoes.  Scientists saw pampas cats going to penguin nests to eat eggs and baby penguins.  Farmers say that this cat can kill goats and chickens.

In most of the countries where the pampas cat lives, it is illegal to kill one.  The pampas cat is in danger of dying out because humans are using or want to use the land that it lives on for farms.   Indigenous people of the South America like the pampas cat because it is a sign of fertility and they believe killing a pampas cat brings bad luck.  But the same people also like to have a dead pampas cat's skin or whole body for ceremonies.

This cat's body is 42 to 79 cm long and its tail is another 22 to 33 cm long.  It can weigh 3 to 4 kg.  Its fur is thick and long.  It can be pale yellow to dark gray-brown or dark dull red in color.  It can have stripes or spots or not.  It almost always has rings on its legs and tail.

The first visual recordings of the pampas cat, a movie and photos, were made in 2006.

References

Felines
Mammals of South America
Tropicbirds are pelagic seabirds that occur in tropical areas and seas of the world. There are three living species. Before they were put in their own group, they were thought to belong to the Pelicanformes (which also contains pelcans, cormorants and gannets).

References 

Birds
Brian Tyree Henry (born March 31, 1982) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Alfred "Paper Boi" Miles in the FX comedy-drama series Atlanta.

References

1982 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from North Carolina
Clem Eischen (December 24, 1926 – December 7, 2020) was an American middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 1500 metres at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Eischen was born in Adams County, Nebraska.

Eischen died on December 7, 2020 in Oregon at the age of 93.

References

1926 births
2020 deaths
American track and field athletes
American Olympians
Sportspeople from Nebraska
A trace radioisotope is a radioactive isotope of an element which exists naturally in tiny amounts (i.e. traces). Generally speaking, trace radioisotopes have half-lives much shorter than the age of the Earth.

Trace radioisotopes occur in the atmosphere and the crust of the Earth. They are constantly produced by natural processes such as cosmic ray fission: high-energy cosmic ray striking atoms and causing them to split into smaller nuclei). 

Another mechanism is neutron capture in uranium ores causing the production of nuclei such as uranium-236 and plutonium-239, which are both radioactive isotopes. Spontaneous fission and alpha decay of heavy nuclei such as thorium and uranium also produce radioisotopes in traces as their intermediate decay products.

References 

Chemical elements
Radiometric dating
Two Men in Manhattan () is a 1959 French crime movie directed by Jean-Pierre Melville (who also stars) and also starring Pierre Grasset, Christiane Eudes, Monique Hennessy, Glenda Leigh.

Other websites
 

1959 movies
1950s crime movies
French crime movies
Movies directed by Jean-Pierre Melville
The River Great Ouse () is a river in the England. It is the longest of several British rivers called "Ouse". 

From Syresham in central England, the Great Ouse flows into East Anglia. It goes into the Wash, a bay of the North Sea. 

Its course is , mostly flowing north and east. It is the fifth longest river in the United Kingdom.  The Great Ouse was important for commercial navigation, and for draining the low-lying region through which it flows. 

Its best-known tributary is the Cam, which runs through Cambridge. Its lower course passes through drained wetlands and fens. It has been extensively modified to relieve flooding and provide a better route for barge traffic. It now enters the Wash after passing through the port of King's Lynn.

References 

Rivers of England
Tank is a 1984 American action comedy movie directed by Marvin J. Chomsky and starring James Garner, Shirley Jones, C. Thomas Howell, Mark Herrier, James Cromwell, Jenilee Harrison. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites
 
 

1984 action movies
1984 comedy movies
American action movies
American comedy movies
John Ahern (December 4, 1934 – December 19, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. Ahern was a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 6th district from 2001 to 2009 and 2011 to 2013. Ahern was born in Havre, Montana.

Ahern died on December 19, 2020 in Spokane, Washington at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Washington
Politicians from Montana
People from Havre, Montana
US Republican Party politicians
The Christmas Oratorio () is a musical composition written by Johann Sebastian Bach. It tells the story of the birth of Jesus, based on the gospels of Matthew and Luke.

History 
Before Bach wrote the Christmas Oratorio, he already wrote some cantatas for the Christmas season.
The oratorio was written in 1734. It was written for the Christmas season of that year. It was first performed in the Thomaskirche and Nikolaikirche, Leipzig.

Music 
The oratorio has 6 parts. Each part is performed for a certain day in the Christmas season. Some of the music is based from Bach's other works.

Chorales 
In his German-language church music, Bach uses Lutheran chorale melodies.

Parts

Part I 
Part I is written for Christmas Day (December 25). The words tell the story of the birth of Jesus.  
The instruments used in part I are 3 trumpets, timpani, 2 flutes, 2 oboes (each player also plays an oboe d'amore), 2 violins, viola, and the basso continuo.

Part II 
Part II is written for the second day of Christmas (December 26). The words tell the story of the annunciation of the shepherds. 
The instruments used in part II are 2 flutes, 2 oboes d'amore, 2 oboes da caccia, 2 violins, viola, and the basso continuo.

Part III 
Part III is written for the third day of Christmas (December 27). The words tell the story of the arrival of the shepherds. 
The instruments used in part III are the same as part I.

Part IV 
Part IV is written for New Year's Day (January 1). The words tell the story of the circumcision of Jesus.
The instruments used in part II are 2 horns, 2 oboes, 2 violins, viola, and the basso continuo.

Part V 
Part V is written for the Sunday after New Year's Day. The words tell the story of the Magi's arrival in Jerusalem.
The instruments used in part II are 2 oboes d'amore, 2 violins, viola, and the basso continuo.

Part VI 
Part VI is written for the holiday of Epiphany. The words tell the story of the Magi visiting Jesus.
The instruments used in part VI are the same as part I.

Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach
Oratorios
Christmas music
Net run rate (NRR) is a number used in cricket to decide which of two teams is better, if both teams are equal on points gotten from winning games during a competition (i.e. they may have won and lost an equal number of games during a World Cup). It is calculated using the difference between the number of runs scored by a team and its opponents, while dividing each of these by the number of legal deliveries (in batches of 6 i.e. the number of overs) that team and its opponents have each batted throughout all of the games involving that team in the competition. This calculation does not look at how many times each team's batsmen have gotten out, so it gives teams that score many runs very quickly an advantage even if they have more batsmen get out than their opponents.

As an example, if a team wins a game 300 runs to 200, with it having batted 200 legal deliveries (33.2 overs, meaning 33 overs and 2 deliveries, or 33 overs plus a third of an over) and its opponents having batted 185 legal deliveries (30.5 overs), then the team's Net Run Rate during that game is (6*((300/200)-(200/185)))= 2.51.

References 

Cricket
Sports words
Hermina Pipinić (1 May 1928 – 19 December 2020) was a Croatian actress. Her career began at the First Drama Theatre in Zagreb in 1948. She retired in 1997. She was born in Zagreb. Pipinić was known for her roles in Square of Violence, La steppa and Old Surehand.

Pipinić died in Zagreb on 19 December 2020 at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Croatian actors
People from Zagreb
Eileen Pollock (18 May 1947 – 19 December 2020) was a Northern Irish actress. She was known for her role as Lilo Lil in television series Bread. Pollock was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Her career lasted from 1982 until her retirement in 2019.

Pollock died on 19 December 2020 in London at the age of 73.

References

1947 births
2020 deaths
British movie actors
British television actors
British voice actors
British stage actors
People from Belfast
Raymon Harry Anning (Chinese: 顏理國, 22 July 1930 – 20 December 2020) was a British police officer and civil servant. He was the Commissioner of Police of Hong Kong. In the early 1970s, he was a commander of the Metropolitan Police in Greater London. He was Hong Kong Police commissioner from 1985 to 1989.

Anning died on 20 December 2020 at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
People from Hong Kong
Police officers
People from London
Richard Peter Vande Hoef (May 15, 1925 – December 20, 2020) was an American politician. Vande Hoef was born in Boyden, Iowa. He was a member of the Iowa Senate from 1981 to 1993 and State House of Representatives from 1993 to 1999. Vande Hoef was a member of the Republican Party.

Vande Hoef died on December 20, 2020 in Sibley, Iowa at the age of 95.

References

1925 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Iowa
US Republican Party politicians
Hamish McLachlan (27 July 1967 – 21 December 2020) was an Australian rower. He competed at the rowing event at the 1988 Summer Olympics, finishing fifth. He later worked in the stock market in Australia.

In 2004, McLachlan went to jail for nine years for stock market fraud.

McLachlan died on 21 December 2020 at the age of 53.

References

1967 births
2020 deaths
Australian Olympians
Rowers
Australian businesspeople
Fraudsters
Australian criminals
Stockbrokers
Arkady Georgievich Andreasyan (, ; 11 August 1947 – 23 December 2020) was a Soviet Armenian football player and manager. 

He played as midfielder for Ararat Yerevan in most of his club career and for the Soviet Union national football team. He won bronze at the 1972 Summer Olympics with the national team.

He was the manager of Ararat Yerevan.

References

1947 births
2020 deaths
Armenian sportspeople
Soviet sportspeople
Olympic bronze medalists
Footballers
Football managers
Lonnie Laffen (July 16, 1958 – December 23, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the North Dakota Senate from the 43rd District from 2010 to 2018. He was a member of the Republican party. Laffen was born in Wimbledon, North Dakota.

Laffen died of a heart attack on December 23, 2020, in Grand Forks, North Dakota at age 62.

References

1958 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from North Dakota
US Republican Party politicians
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Sugathakumari (22 January 1934 – 23 December 2020) was an Indian poet and activist. She was an important person in the environmentalist and feminist movements in Kerala, South India.

She was the founder secretary of the Prakrithi Samrakshana Samithi, an organization for the protection of nature and a day-care center for the mentally ill. 

She chaired the Kerala State Women's Commission.

Sugathakumari died on 23 December 2020 from bronchopneumonia caused by COVID-19 at a hospital in Thiruvananthapuram at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Indian activists
Indian poets
Feminist writers
Environmentalists
People from Kerala
Kattassery Joseph Yesudas (born 10 January 1940) is an Indian playback singer, actor and musician. He sings Indian classical and cinematic songs. Yesudas has recorded more than 50,000 songs.

References

1940 births
Living people
Indian composers
Indian musicians
Indian singers
Indian movie actors
George Ronald Widby (March 9, 1945 – December 23, 2020) was an American football punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Green Bay Packers. Widby was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. Widby won the Super Bowl in 1972.

Widby died on December 23, 2020 at the age of 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
American football punters
American basketball players
Dallas Cowboys players
Green Bay Packers players
Sportspeople from Tennessee
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Rika Zaraï (; 19 February 1938 – 23 December 2020) was an Israeli singer-songwriter. She was best known for making classic Israeli songs popular in Europe such as Hava Nagila, Yerushalayim shel zahav and Hallelujah.

Death
In June 2008, Zaraï suffered from a paralytic stroke. She died on 23 December 2020 in Paris, aged 82.

Songs
Chante Israël (1962)
Rika Zaraï (1964)
Un beau jour je partirai (1967)
Alors je chante (1969)
Moi le dimanche (1971)
Les Dessins animés (1973)
Chansons d'Israël (1973)
Ma poupée de France (1975)
Dad li di (1979)
Chante l'ami (1982)
L'Espoir (1983)
Sans rancune et sans regret (1985)
Story (1988)
Hava (2000)
Quand les hommes (2007)

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Israeli singers
Israeli writers
Songwriters
People from Jerusalem
Fairport is a village located in the Town of Perinton, which is part of Monroe County, New York. Fairport is a suburb  east of Rochester. In 2005 it was named as one of the "Best Places to Live" by Money Magazine. About 5,353 people lived here since the 2010 census.

References

Villages in New York
Perinton (originally Perrinton (in federal censuses) and sometimes Perrington when still part of Ontario County) is a town in Monroe County, New York, United States. About 46,462 people lived here since the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Ivan Havrylovich Bogdan (; February 29, 1928 – December 25, 2020) was a Ukrainian wrestler. He was born in Dmytro-Bilivka, Ukrainian SSR. He won an Olympic gold medal in 1960. He won gold medals at the 1958 and 1961 World Wrestling Championships.

Bogdan died on December 25, 2020 at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Ukrainian sportspeople
Olympic gold medalists
Jamal Khwaja (12 August 1926 – 25 December 2020) was an Indian philosopher and politician. He was born in New Delhi. Khwaja was a member of the Indian National Congress. Khwaja was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1957 to 1962.

Khwaja died on 25 December 2020 in New Delhi at the age of 94.

References

1926 births
2020 deaths
Indian politicians
Indian philosophers
Joachim Bäse (2 September 1939 – 22 December 2020) was a German football player. He was born in Braunschweig. He played ten seasons in the Bundesliga with Eintracht Braunschweig.

He also played for Germany once in 1968.

Bäse died on 22 December 2020, aged 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
German footballers
Wojciech Borowik (24 June 1956 – 22 December 2020) was a Polish politician. He was a member of the Sejm from 1993 to 1997. Borowik was a member of the Labour Union Party.

Borowik died at age 64 on 22 December 2020, from COVID-19, during the pandemic in Poland.

References

1956 births
2020 deaths
Polish politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
Edmund Melson Clarke, Jr. (July 27, 1945 – December 22, 2020) was an American  computer scientist and academic. He created model checking. He was the FORE Systems Professor of Computer Science Emeritus at Carnegie Mellon University. He won the Turing Award in 2007. Clarke was born in Newport News, Virginia.

In 2005, he became a member of the National Academy of Engineering. In 2011, Clarke became a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Clarke died of COVID-19 on December 22, 2020 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at the age of 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
American computer scientists
American academics
Scientists from Virginia
People from Newport News, Virginia
Turing Award winners
Educators from Virginia
Edwin A. Gomes (February 25, 1936 – December 22, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Connecticut State Senate from 2015 until 2019. Before that, he  was a member of the state senate from November 2005 to January 2013. Gomes was a member of the Democratic Party. Gomes was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Gomes died on December 22, 2020 in Bridgeport, Connecticut from injuries caused by a car crash, aged 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Road accident deaths in the United States
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Massachusetts
Politicians from Connecticut
People from Bridgeport, Connecticut
US Democratic Party politicians
Darul Uloom Deoband is an Islamic seminary in India. It is the birthplace of Sunni Deobandi Islamic movement. It is located in Deoband, a town in Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. It was founded in 1866 by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi.

History 
Darul Uloom Deoband was established on 31 May 1866 by Muhammad Qasim Nanotawi and other scholars in his circle. The founders include Sayyid Muhammad Abid, Mehtab Ali and Nehal Ahmad (brother-in-law of Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi).
Mahmud Deobandi was appointed as the first teacher, and Mahmud Hasan Deobandi was the first student who enrolled in the seminary.

It played an important role in the Indian independence movement. It opposed the Two-state solution proposed by All-India Muslim League.

Vice-Chancellors 
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1866 - 1867)
 Rafiuddin Deobandi (1867 - 1868)
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1869 - 1871)
 Rafiuddin Deobandi (1872 - 1889
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1890 - 1892
 Fazl Haq (1893 - 1894)
 Muneer Ahmad Nanautawi (1894 - 1895)
 Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad (1895 - 1930)
 Habibur Rahman Usmani (1928 - 1929)
 Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi (1928 - 1980)
 Marghubur Rahman Bijnori (1982 - 2010
 Ghulam Muhammad Vastanvi (10 January 2011 - 24 July 2011)
 Abul Qasim Nomani Banarsi (2011 - present)

References

Other websites 

 
 Tabassum F. Deoband Ulema's Movement for the Freedom of India. Jamiat Ulama i-Hind, New Delhi, pdf at Attahawi blog, July 2007.
 Deobandi Islam Global security organisation website.
 Metcalf B.  Social Science Research Council, non-profit organisation, Brooklyn, New York.
 

1866 establishments
Islam in India
Colleges and universities in India
Ronald Philip Lurie (January 23, 1941 – December 22, 2020) was an American businessman and politician. He was the mayor of Las Vegas, Nevada from 1987 to 1991. Lurie was a member of the Democratic Party. Lurie was born in Los Angeles, California.

Lurie, who had blood cancer, died under hospice care in Las Vegas from COVID-19 on December 22, 2020 at the age of 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Deaths from blood cancer
Mayors of Las Vegas
Politicians from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
US Democratic Party politicians
Muhammad Mustafa Mero () (1941 – 22 December 2020) was a Syrian politician. He was Prime Minister of Syria from 7 March 2000 to 10 September 2003. Mero was a member of the Ba'ath Party. He was born in Al Tall, Syria.

Mero died in Al-Tall at age 79 on 22 December 2020, from COVID-19, during the pandemic in Syria.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic
Prime Ministers of Syria
Rubén Tierrablanca González (24 August 1952 – 23 December 2020) was a Mexican-born Turkish Roman Catholic bishop. Tierrablanca González was born in Guanajuato, Mexico. He became a priest in 1978. He was titular bishop of Tubernuca and as Vicar Apostolic of Apostolic Vicariate of Istanbul and Apostolic Administrator of Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Istanbul, from 2016 until his death in office in 2020.

Tierrablanca Gonzalez died in Istanbul, Turkey at age 68, from COVID-19 in Istanbul, Turkey.

References

1952 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey
Turkish people
Mexican people
Roman Catholic bishops
Roman Catholic priests
Antonio Vacca (8 August 1934 – 22 December 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1957. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Alghero-Bosa, Italy, from 1994 to 2006.

Vacca died of throat cancer on 22 December 2020 at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Italian Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic bishops
Mouloud Achour (19 March 1944 – 24 December 2020) was an Algerian writer, professor, and journalist.

Achour was a member and then chairman of the executive council of the Public Establishment of Television. He also directed the cabinet for the Ministry of Communications. He was editorial director of Casbah Éditions in Algiers.

Achour died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Academics
Journalists
Algerian people
The National Assembly of Mali is the unicameral country's legislative body of 147 voting members.

Members of the National Assembly, called deputies, are elected by direct universal suffrage for a five-year term.

References

Mali
Mohamad bin Aziz (29 July 1940 – 24 December 2020) was a Malaysian politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the Sri Gading constituency in the state of Johor from 1999 to 2013. He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party. Aziz was born in Batu Pahat, Johor.

Aziz died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Malaysian politicians
Maria Rosario Cordero Martin (13 August 1966 – 24 December 2020) was a Spanish politician. She was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. Cordero was born in Cáceres, Spain. From 2015 until her death, she was President of the Province of Cáceres. From 2003 until her death, Cordero was Mayor of Romangordo.

Cordero died on 24 December 2020 in Romangordo, Spain from colorectal cancer, aged 54.

References

1966 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Spanish politicians
Mayors
Cancer deaths in Spain
Romangordo is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.

References

Municipalities in Extremadura
Ivry Gitlis (;‎ 25 August 1922 – 24 December 2020) was an Israeli violinist. He performed with the world's top orchestras, including the London Philharmonic, New York Philharmonic, Berlin Philharmonic, Vienna Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, and Israel Philharmonic Orchestra. Gitlis was born in Haifa, Palestine Mandate.

Gitlis died on 24 December 2020 in Paris at the age of 98.

References

1922 births
2020 deaths
Israeli musicians
Violinists
People from Haifa