Events

Up to 1900 
612 BC  Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire. Destruction of Nineveh.
654  Eugene I is elected Pope, although his predecessor, Pope Martin I, is still alive at this time.
 843  The Treaty of Verdun divides the Frankish Kingdom between Lothair I, Louis the German and Charles the Bald.
AD 955  Battle of Lechfeld: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Magyars, ending 50 years of Magyar invasion of the West.
1270  Yekuno Amlak takes the Ethiopian Imperial throne.
1492  Alexander VI is elected Pope.
1519  Ferdinand Magellan's 5 ships set sail from Seville to circumnavigate the globe.
1535  The Saint Lawrence River is named by Jacques Cartier.
1628  The Vasa warship, prestige project of King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden.
1664  The Austro-Turkish War ends.
1675  The foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London is laid.
1680  Pueblo Revolt begins in New Mexico.
1755  Under orders of Charles Lawrence, the British Army begins to forcibly deport Acadians from Nova Scotia to the Thirteen Colonies.
1776  Word of the United States Declaration of Independence reaches London.
1792  French Revolution: Storming of the Tuileries Palace. Louis XVI of France is arrested and taken into custody.
1793  The Musée du Louvre opens in Paris.
1809  Quito, the present-day capital of Ecuador declares independence from Spain.
1813  Chile's Instituto Nacional is founded.
1821  Missouri is admitted as the 24th U.S. state.
1830  Ecuador separates from Greater Colombia.
1846  The Smithsonian Institution is chartered by the United States Congress after $500,000 was given for such a purpose by scientist Joseph Smithson.
1856  In Louisiana, a hurricane kills about 400 people.
1861  American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek - The war enters Missouri when a band of raw Confederate troops defeat Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
1864  Start of the Uruguayan War.
1893  At Augsburg, Rudolf Diesel's prime model runs on its own power for the first time. Because of this, August 10 is the International Biodiesel Day.
1897  Felix Hoffmann produces Aspirin for the first time.
1899  Norwegian Football Club Viking FK is founded.

1901  2000 
1904  Russo-Japanese War: Battle of the Yellow Sea.
1905  Russo-Japanese War: Peace negotiations begin in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
1913  Second Balkan War ends: Delegates from Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece sign the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the war.
1920  World War I: Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres which divides up the Ottoman Empire between the Allies.
1932  A 5.1 kg chondrite type meteorite broke into at least seven pieces and struck earth near the town of Archie in Cass County, Missouri, USA.
1944  World War II: American forces defeat the last Japanese troops on Guam.
1948  Candid Camera makes its television debut after being on radio for a year as Candid Microphone.
1949  US President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Bill, streamlining the defense agencies of the United States government, and replacing the National Military Establishment with the United States Department of Defense.
1954  At Massena, New York, the ground breaking ceremony for the St. Lawrence Seaway is held.
1961  Agent Orange is used in Vietnam for the first time.
1969  A day after murdering Sharon Tate and four others, members of Charles Manson's cult kill Leno and Rosemary LaBianca.
1977  In Yonkers, New York, 24-year-old postal employee David Berkowitz ("Son of Sam") is arrested for a series of killings in the New York City area over a year's period.
1981  The head of John Walsh's son Adam is found in Hollywood, Florida. This event will later prompt the United States Congress to pass the Missing Children's Act, giving the Federal Bureau of Investigation greater authority to track the disappearance of children. It also makes Walsh a national spokesman against crime and eventually leads to the establishment of America's Most Wanted.
1986  A Formula One Grand Prix is held in a then-Eastern Bloc country for the first time. The first Hungarian Grand Prix is won by Nelson Piquet.
1988  Japanese American internment: US President Ronald Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, providing $20,000 payments to Japanese-Americans who were either interned or relocated by in the United States during World War II.
1990  The Magellan space probe reaches Venus.
1990  More than 127 Muslims are killed in Northeastern Sri Lanka by paramilitary troops.
1993  A magnitude 7 earthquake strikes the South Island of New Zealand.
1995  Oklahoma City bombing: Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols are indicted for the bombing. Michael Fortier pleads guilty in a plea-bargain agreement for his testimony.
1998  Jamil Mahuad becomes President of Ecuador.

From 2001 
2001  An attack on a train in Angola kills 225 people.
2003  The highest temperature ever recorded in England, 38.5°C, occurs in Kent; the record holds until 2019, when a temperature of 38.7 degrees Celsius is measured at the University of Cambridge.
2003  Yuri Malenchenko becomes the first person to marry in space, to a woman on the ground in Texas.
2006  British police prevent an attempt by Islamist terrorists to blow up Transatlantic airliners.
2009  Slovakia's deadliest mining disaster kills 20 people.
2010  The WHO declares that the H1N1 influenza pandemic is over.
2014  Turkey holds its first direct Presidential election, in which Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan is elected President.
2014  Sepahan Airlines Flight 5915 crashes near Tehran, Iran, killing 39 people.
2017  Swedish journalist Kim Wall disappears after going on inventor Peter Madsen's submarine to interview him, in the Oresund between Denmark and Sweden; Madsen is later found to have murdered her and is found guilty of the crime.
2018  2018 Horizon Air Q400 incident: Seattle airport employee Richard Russell flies a small plane from the airport and later crashes it on a nearby island.
2019  American billionaire financier and sex offender Jeffrey Epstein is found dead in his prison cell in New York City, from suspected suicide.

Births

Up to 1800 
914  Le Hoan, Emperor of Vietnam (died 1005)
1267  James II of Aragon (died 1327)
1296  King John of Bohemia (died 1346)
1397  Albert II of Habsburg, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (died 1439)
1449  Bona of Savoy, Duchess of Savoy (died 1503)
1489  Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (died 1553)
1520  Madeleine de Valois, queen of James V of Scotland (died 1537)
1535  Kaspar Olevianus, German theologian (died 1587)
1556  Philipp Nicolai, German Lutheran minister (died 1608)
1560  Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (died 1629)
1602  Gilles de Roberval, French mathematician (died 1675)
1737  Anton Losenko, Russian painter (died 1773)
1740  Samuel Arnold, English composer and organist (died 1802)
1753  Edmund Randolph, United States Secretary of State (died 1813)
1782  Charles James Napier, British general (died 1853)
1794  Leopold Zunz, German Jewish scientist (died 1886)
1799  Samuel Dickinson Hubbard, American politician (died 1855)

1801  1900 
1810  Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, and Italy (died 1861)
1810  Lorenzo Batlle y Grau, President of Uruguay (died 1887)
1814  Henri Nestlé, Swiss industrialist (died 1890)
1814  John C. Pemberton, American Confederate general (died 1881)
1814  Ketil Motzfeldt, Norwegian politician (died 1889)
1821  Jay Cooke, financier (died 1905)
1823  Goncales Dias, Brazilian poet (died 1864)
1827  Lovro Toman, Slovenian politician (died 1870)
1839  Aleksandr Stoletov, Russian physicist (died 1896)
1845  Abai Kunanbaev, Kazak poet (died 1904)
1856  William Willett, British builder and Daylight Saving Time supporter (died 1915)
1860  Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian musician (died 1936)
1865  Alexander Glazunov, Russian composer (died 1936)
1865  Andreas Heusler, Swiss medievalist (died 1940)
1869  Laurence Binyon, British poet (died 1943)
1871  Aino Sibelius, wife of Jean Sibelius (died 1969)
1872  Bill Johnson, jazz musician (died 1972)
1874  Herbert Hoover, 31st President of the United States (died 1964)
1874  Antanas Smetona, 1st President of Lithuania (died 1944)
1877  Frank Marshall, American chess player (died 1944)
1878  Alfred Döblin, German writer (died 1957)
1887  Sam Warner, Polish-American film producer (died 1927)
1888  Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark (died 1940)
1889  Zofia Kossak-Szczucka, Polish writer and World War II Resistance activist (died 1968)
1889  Charles Darrow, American creator of the Monopoly board game (died 1967)
1890  Angus Lewis Macdonald, Canadian politician, 12th Premier of Nova Scotia (died 1954)
1894  Vaharagiri Venkata Giri, President of India (died 1980)
1896  Walter Lang, American film director (died 1972)
1898  Jack Haley, actor (died 1979)
1899  Zofia Kossak-Szczucka, Polish writer (died 1968)
1900  Arthur Espie Porritt, New Zealand politician and athlete, 11th Governor-General of New Zealand (died 1994)

1901  1950 
1901  Sergio Frusoni, Cape Verdean poet (died 1975)
1902  Norma Shearer, American actress (died 1983)
1902  Curt Siodmak, science fiction writer (died 2000)
1902  Arne Tiselius, Swedish chemist (died 1971)
1907  Su Yu, Chinese Communist military leader (died 1984)
1908  Lauri Lehtinen, Finnish athlete (died 1973)
1909  Leo Fender, American luthier (died 1991)
1909  King Mohammed V of Morocco (died 1961)
1909  Richard J. Hughes, Governor of New Jersey (died 1992)
1910  Gordon Gray, Scottish cardinal (died 1993)
1912  Jorge Amado, Brazilian novelist (died 2001)
1913  Wolfgang Paul, German physicist (died 1993)
1913  Noah Beery, Jr., American actor (died 1994)
1914  Ken Annakin, British movie director and screenwriter (died 2009)
1916  Coutoucou Hubert Maga, President of present-day Benin (died 2000)
1919  Sacha Vierny, French cinematographer (died 2001)
1920  Red Holzman, American basketball player (died 1998)
1923  Rhonda Fleming, American actress
1924  Martha Hyer, American actress (died 2014)
1926  Marie-Claire Alain, French organist (died 2013)
1927  Vittorio Gregotti, Italian architect
1928  Jimmy Dean, American country music singer (died 2010)
1928  Eddie Fisher, American singer and entertainer (died 2010)
1930  Fakir Musafar, American performance artist (died 2018)
1930  Barry Unsworth, British writer (died 2012)
1932  Gaudencio Rosales, Filipino cardinal
1933  Elizabeth Butler-Sloss, Baroness Butler-Sloss, English judge
1935  Giya Kancheli, Georgian composer
1937  Lucinda Williams, American athlete
1937  Anatoly Sobchak, Russian politician (died 2000)
1939  Kate O'Mara, British actress (died 2014)
1940  Bobby Hatfield, American singer, (Righteous Brothers) (died 2003)
1942  Betsey Johnson, American fashion designer
1942  Giovanni Leodetti, Italian footballer
1943  Ronnie Spector, American singer, lead singer of the Ronettes
1945  Harriet Miers, former White House counsel
1947  Anwar Ibrahim, Malaysian politician
1947  Ian Anderson, Scottish musician (Jethro Tull)
1950  Patsy Austin, American singer

1951  1975 
1951  Juan Manuel Santos, former President of Colombia
1952  Daniel Hugh Kelly, American actor
1952  Diane Venora, American actress
1956  Fred Ottman, American professional wrestler
1956  Charlie Peacock, American singer-songwriter and producer
1957  David Crane, American television producer and screenwriter
1957  Fred Ho, American musician, composer, bandleader, playwright and social activist (died 2014)
1958  Wolfgang Funkel, German football manager
1958  Rosie Winterton, English politician
1958  Don Swayze, American actor
1959  Rosanna Arquette, American actress
1960  Antonio Banderas, Spanish actor
1960  Kenny Perry, American golfer
1962  Suzanne Collins, American screenwriter and writer
1963  Phoolan Devi, Indian political figure (d. 2001)
1963  Andrew Sullivan, journalist
1965  Toumani Diabaté, Malian musician
1965  Claudia Christian, actress
1965  Mike Smith, Hall of Fame jockey
1965  John Starks, American basketball player
1965  Eduardo Campos, Brazilian politician (d. 2014)
1966  Hossam Hassan, Egyptian footballer
1967  Riddick Bowe, American heavyweight boxer
1967  Lorraine Pearson, musician (Five Star)
1967  Mart Sander, Estonian actor, singer, director and author
1968  Tsuyoshi Kitazawa, Japanese footballer
1968  Salvatore Licitra, Italian tenor (died 2011)
1971  Mario Kindelán, Cuban boxer
1971  Justin Theroux, actor
1971  Roy Keane, Irish footballer
1972  Christofer Johnsson, Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
1972  Angie Harmon, American model and actress
1972  Lawrence Dallaglio, English rugby player
1973  Daijiro Takakuwa, Japanese footballer
1973  Javier Zanetti, Argentine footballer
1973  Lisa Raymond, American tennis player
1974  Luis Marin, Costa Rican footballer
1974  David Sommeil, French footballer
1975  Ilhan Mansiz, Turkish footballer, actor and ice skater

From 1976 
1976  Ian Murray, Scottish politician
1977  Luciana Aymar, Argentine field hockey player
1978  Danny Allsopp, Australian footballer
1978  Marcus Fizer, American basketball player
1979  Joanna Garcia, American actress
1979  Ted Geoghegan, American author, screenwriter and producer
1979  Yannick Schroeder, French racing driver
1980  Roxanne McKee, British actress
1981  Natsumi Abe, Japanese singer (formerly of Morning Musume)
1981  Taufik Hidayat, Indonesian badminton player
1982  Josh Anderson, American baseball player
1982  Shaun Murphy, English snooker player
1983  Alexander Perezhogin, Russian ice hockey player
1983  Mathieu Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
1985  Enrico Cortese, Italian footballer
1986  Kazuma Watanabe, Japanese footballer
1988  Julia Melim, Brazilian actress
1989  Ben Sahar, Israeli footballer
1990  Lucas Till, American actor
1991  Pratyusha Banerjee, Indian actress (died 2016)
1991  Amy Dowden, Welsh professional dancer
1992  Go Ah-sung, South Korean actress
1993  Andre Drummond, American basketball player
1993  Yuto Nakajima, Japanese actor and singer
1994  Bernardo Silva, Portuguese footballer
1996  Jacob Latimore, American singer, actor and director
1997  Kylie Jenner, American model, television personality and entrepreneur

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 258  Saint Lawrence of Rome, Christian martyr.
 1241  Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany (b. 1184).
 1250  King Eric IV of Denmark (b. 1216).
 1535  Ippolito de' Medici, ruler of Florence (b. 1509).
 1590  Princess Christina of Denmark (b. 1521).
 1637  Johann Gerhard, German church leader and theologian (b. 1582).
 1655  Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, Spanish cardinal and diplomat (b. 1572).
 1723  Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1656).
 1759  King Ferdinand VI of Spain (b. 1713).
 1784  Allan Ramsey, Scottish painter (b. 1713).
 1802  Franz Aepinius, German natural philosopher (b. 1724).
 1806  Michael Haydn, Austrian composer (b. 1737).
 1862  Horinbo Shusaku, Japanese Go player (b. 1829).
 1875  Karl Andree, German geographer (b. 1808).
 1896  Otto Lilienthal, German aviator (b. 1848).

1901  2000 
 1904  Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, French statesman (b. 1846).
 1915  Henry Moseley, British physicist (b. 1887).
 1918  William P. Kellogg, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1831).
 1920  Adam Politzer, Hungarian-Austrian physician (b. 1835).
 1929  Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (b. 1878).
 1929  Aletta Jacobs, first female physician in the Netherlands (b. 1854).
 1932  Rin Tin Tin, German shepherd dog (b. 1918).
 1939  Carlo Galimberti, Italian weightlifter (b. 1894).
 1945  Robert H. Goddard, American rocket scientist (b. 1882).
 1960  Frank Lloyd, Scottish-American actor (b. 1886).
 1963  Ernst Wetter, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1877).
 1963  Estes Kefauver, American politician (b. 1903).
 1971  Federico Callori di Vignale, Italian cardinal (b. 1890).
 1979  Walter Gerlach, German physicist (b. 1889).
 1980  Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, Last President of United Pakistan (b. 1917).
 1986  Alan Rouse, British mountaineer (b. 1951).
 1987  Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Greek politician (b. 1893).
 1992  Aribert Heim, Austrian physician (b. 1914).
 1993  Euronymous, Norwegian singer, guitarist and producer (b. 1958).
 1999  Jennifer Paterson, English chef (b. 1928).

From 2001 
 2001  Lou Boudreau, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917).
 2002  Kristen Nygaard, Norwegian computer scientist (b. 1926).
 2007  Henry Cabot Lodge Bohler, American military pilot and Civil rights figure (b. 1925).
 2008  Isaac Hayes, American musician (b. 1942).
 2010  Antonio Pettigrew, American athlete (b. 1967).
 2012  Carlo Rambaldi, Italian special effects artist (b. 1925).
 2013  Eydie Gormé, American singer (b. 1928).
 2013  William P. Clark, Jr., American politician (b. 1931).
 2013  Laszlo Csatary, Hungarian Nazi war criminal (b. 1915).
 2014  Kathleen Ollerenshaw, English mathematician (b. 1912).
 2014  Shree Krishna Shrestha, Nepalese actor (b. 1940).
 2014  Ann Rowan, Irish actress (b. 1929)
 2015  Endre Czeizel, Hungarian physicist, geneticist and professor (b. 1935)
 2015  Fred Eckhardt, American beer expert (b. 1926)
 2017  Ruth Pfau, German-Pakistani nun, physician and activist (b. 1929)
 2017  Kim Wall, Swedish journalist (b. 1987)
 2018  Lillian Cox, American supercentenarian (b. 1907)
 2018  Richard Russell, American mechanic and hijacker (b. 1989)
 2019  Jeffrey Epstein, American financier and sex offender (b. 1953)
 2019  J. Neil Schulman, American novelist (b. 1953)
 2019  Cándido Sibilio, Dominican-Spanish basketball player (b. 1958)
 2019  Piero Tosi, Italian costume designer (b. 1927)

Observances 
 Independence Day in Ecuador
 Saint Lawrence of Rome (Christian martyr)

Days of the year