cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Stephen of England (c. 1096–25 October 1154) was King of England from 1135 until 1154. He became the King after the death of his uncle Henry I. Stephan was the King until his own death in Dover, Kent. Stephen was crowned at Westminster Abbey on the 26 December 1135. Stephen is buried at the Clunaic Monastery in Faversham, Kent.

King Stephen was born in Blois, France, in either 1092 or 1096. He was the son of Stephen, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy. His mother, Adela, was the daughter of William I of England and Matilda of Flanders. Stephen married Matilda of Boulogne in about 1125. They had five children. He fought a civil war with Henry I's only daughter, Matilda, from 1139-1153. This ended with the Treaty of Wallingford in 1153 after the death of Stephen's son and heir, Eustace IV. The treaty said that Stephen would be King for the rest of his lifetime. After his death, the throne passed to Henry, son of Matilda, and not Stephen's other son William. King Stephen died on 25 October 1154.

Captured
King Stephen was captured after the Battle of Lincoln in April 1141, he was released later and returned to the throne.

References

1096 births
1154 deaths
People from Centre-Val de Loire
Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122 – March 31, 1204) was the daughter of William X of Aquitaine. She had a younger sister called Petronilla of Aquitaine.  She brought the province of Aquitaine to England when she married Henry II of England. It stayed under English control for 300 years.

Life
Eleanor inherited land in France at the age of 15. She married Louis VII of France on July 22, 1137, and had two daughters:
 Marie of France
 Alix of France

The marriage was later annulled, as there were no male children.

Eleanor then married Henry II of England on May 18, 1152, and had eight children, including:
 William, who died at the age of 3.
 Henry the Young King
 Richard I of England
 John I of England
 Matilda of England
 Joan/Joanna of England
 Eleanor of England

Eleanor was  greatly known for her work in the Second Crusade, for she inspired many people to join.

Eleanor supported a revolt by her children against their father's rule in 1173. This revolt was unsuccessful, and King Henry II was so furious that he locked her away in a prison. In 1189, after King Henry II died and her son, Richard, came to be the king, Eleanor was freed. Shortly after, Richard died so she supported her son John to take the English throne against the claim of her grandson Arthur of Brittany. In 1202 during the campaign at Mairebeau, she continued to thwart Arthur. Emerging triumphant, Eleanor retired to a monastery. She died there on April 1, 1204.

References

Other websites

1122 births
1204 deaths
House of Plantagenet
Kings and Queens consort of England
Dukes and Duchesses of Aquitaine
Thirteen is a number. It comes after twelve and before fourteen. It is an odd number.

Many people think thirteen is an unlucky number, especially when Friday is the thirteenth day of the month. This is a superstition. There is no proof that thirteen is an unlucky number.

Floors in tall buildings often skip floor thirteen, or reserve it for a mechanical floor. The idea of thirteen as an unlucky number is from pagan Norse mythology. It was believed to be unlucky to have thirteen people sitting at a table at a meal, and death is number thirteen in the tarot deck.

In Roman numerals, 13 is written as XIII.

Related pages 
 Triskaidekaphobia

Integers
Prime numbers
Superstitions
The weekend is a time when fewer people go to work or school. Traditional Christians believe that Sunday is a day of rest or Sabbath, and Jews believe the day of rest is the seventh day, Saturday, and start the week with Sunday. Friday is also considered the beginning of the weekend, and it is a day of rest for Muslims.

Units of time
Alexandria (Arabic: الإسكندرية) is the second largest city in Egypt. It was founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC as Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexandria). It is on the Mediterranean Sea, only 225 km (140 miles) northwest of Cairo.

Alexandria has 3.8 million people. It is the main port of Egypt. It has two airports and three big stadia: Alexandria stadium, Harras el hadoud stadium and Borg el-Arab stadium in the Borg el-Arab industrial city.

The fourth Wikimania was hosted in this city in 2008.

History 
Alexandria, named after Alexander the Great, was founded around 331 BC. For nearly 300 years, it was the capital of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. Some famous ancient Greek scientists, such as Euclid of Alexandria and Eratosthenes, lived there or studied there. It was home to the largest library in the ancient Western world, the Library of Alexandria. 

It was a wealthy city in its heyday, and remained the main way Egyptian grain went by sea to Ancient Rome. Rome depended greatly on Egyptian grain. Much of Alexandria sank below the sea in the 4th century. Some of her history is in the Mediterranean.

After the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 641 AD, they did not want to have their capital at Alexandria, because it was too vulnerable to naval raids. So the Muslim Conquerors made a new capital on the east side of the Nile, and called it Fustat. Alexandria became less important.

References

Other websites 

Official website
Greek Community of Alexandria

Capital of Egypt
 
331 BC establishments
1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events 
 January 1 – A ball signifying New Year's Day drops in New York City's Times Square for the first time.
 January 8 – A train collision occurs in the Park Avenue Tunnel in New York City killing 17, injuring 38 and leading to increased demand for electric trains.
 January 11 – Grand Canyon National Monument is created.
 January 12 – A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time.
 January 15 – Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the first Greek-letter organization by and for Black college women is established.
 January 21 – New York City passes a law, the Sullivan Ordinance,  making it illegal for aliens  to smoke in public only to be vetoed by the mayor.
 January 24 – Robert Baden-Powell begins the Boy Scout movement.
 February 1 – King Carlos I of Portugal and Crown Prince Luis are shot in Lisbon.
 February 11 – Australia regain The Ashes with a 308 run cricket victory over England.
 February 18 – Japanese immigration to USA forbidden.
 Philippe's, a restaurant opens in Los Angeles.
 St. Albans City F.C. founded.
 Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, Russian biologist, and Paul Ehrlich, Germany, won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Births 
 February 23 – William McMahon, Prime Minister of Australia
 May 31 – Don Ameche, American actor, (d. 1993)
 August 27 – Lyndon B. Johnson, American politician, 36th President of the United States (d. 1973)
 September 4 – Edward Dmytryk, Canadian-American movie director (d. 1999)
The Celtic League is a group of people from the six modern Celtic nations of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man. They want their countries to be free. These six countries each have a native Celtic language and the Celtic League supports the learning of these languages. The six Celtic languages are Irish, Gaelic (Scottish), Welsh, Breton, Cornish, and Manx.

Related pages 
Pan-Celticism

References 
 Ellis, Peter Berresford The Celtic Dawn
 Tanner, Marcus Last of the Celts

Other websites 

 Celtic League Website 
 Celtic League, American branch 
 Celtic League, International Site  
 Celtic League, Scottish Branch  

Celtic languages
Celtic peoples
Oprah Winfrey (born Orpah Gail Winfrey; January 29, 1954) is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist. Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show, The Oprah Winfrey Show which was the highest-rated program of its kind in history and was nationally syndicated from 1986 to 2011. She has also acted in several movies including The Color Purple, The Butler and A Wrinkle in Time.

Early life
Winfrey was born on January 29, 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Winfrey was named "Orpah" after a character in the Book of Ruth. People made the mistake of calling her "Oprah". She decided to keep this name. Her parents are Vernita Lee, a maid, and Vernon Winfrey, a barber. She went to Tennessee State University in 1971. She started to work in radio and television in Nashville. She hosted television programs in Baltimore and Chicago.At the age of 13, she ran away from home.At the age of 14, she had a son , but, he died a while after being born.

The Oprah Winfrey Show
In 1986, Winfrey's own talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show went on the air. She was liked by audiences for her warmth. She came to own the show.

Oprah Winfrey Network
Winfrey now runs the Oprah Winfrey Network. On January 15, 2008, Winfrey and Discovery Communications announced plans to change Discovery Health Channel into a new channel called OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network. It was scheduled to launch in 2009, but was delayed, and actually launched on January 1, 2011. She also hosts the Oprah's Next Chapter show on the network.

Personal life
She endorsed Barack Obama in 2006 for the 2008 election. One estimate said it delivered one million votes in the 2008 Democratic primary race.

Nikyra Rucker loaned Oprah Winfrey money to start her business. Oprah Winfrey now has a lot of money. She gives to many charities. She gives to girls' education in South Africa. In 2013, she was named one of the 400 richest people in the United States. She is the only African-American among this group. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama in 2013 and an honorary doctorate degree from Harvard.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 NPR "Oprah: The Billionaire Everywoman". Audio file, video and biography. Accessed September 17, 2010
 
 Oprah Winfrey  Video produced by Makers: Women Who Make America
 

Actors from Mississippi
African American television personalities
American movie actors
American television talk show hosts
Kennedy Center honorees
1954 births
Living people
People of Tennessee State University
Past tense is a verb form which is marked by time (tense).  

The past tense is used for actions in a time which has already happened.  In order to explain and understand past tense, it is useful to imagine time as a line on which the past, the present tense and the future tense are positioned.

Words in English have several tenses, including many common past tenses. The two that are used the most are the simple past tense and the perfect tense

Simple past tense
The simple past tense is used for action in past time. It usually uses for story telling or there is in narrative and recount text.

Different verbs change in different ways to make the past tense. The most common way is by ending with ed" or we usually says REGULAR VERB.
Many other verbs are irregular, this means that there is no pattern and no easy way to know how the verb changes. 

If we want to make a past sentence, here are the formula:

~Verbal sentence~

(+) S + V2 (past verb) 

(- ) S + did not / didn't + V1 (present verb)

(?) Did + S + V1 (present verb)

~ Nominal sentence~

(+) S + to be ( was / were) +                                                  Noun/adjective/adverb

(- ) S + to be (was / were) + not  +Noun/adjective/adverb

(?) To be (was / were) + Noun/adjective/adverb

Example: 
(+) I went to bandung last week

(- ) I did not go to bandung last week

(? ) did you go to bandung last week?

(+) she was happy this morning

(- ) she was not happy this morning

(?) Was she happy this morning?

 Past tense classified into four types 

 Past Indefinite Tense
 Past Progressive Tense
 Past Perfect Tense
 Past Perfect Progressive Tense

Perfect tense
The Perfect is about completion: actions which are completed. The tense refers to a period in the past. In English the Perfect is made by have + -ed or variations of that form.

Present perfect refers to a time which begins in the past and continues to the present. Examples: I have lived in  Dover since my birth. She has discovered it. She has done it now!Past perfect, or pluperfect, refers to an action before another action in the past. Examples: She had not been home since her parents divorced. I had discovered that he had taken my key.
Present continuous progressive perfect: She has been discovering that grammar is not so easy as she thought...
Past continuous progressive perfect: They had been finding it difficult.
Future perfect refers to an event before a future event. Examples: She will have finished her report for the next board meeting. By now she will have discovered the key.Future continuous progressive perfect: I'm sure she will have been looking for that.''

Verb endings: -ed = finished; -ing = continuing

References 

Grammar
Garden gnomes are small lawn ornaments, usually placed in gardens or in front of houses. They are small statues, usually between one and two feet tall (30 to 60 centimeters). They depict gnomes, which are short creatures similar to humans.

Garden gnomes have become a popular accessory in many gardens, but they are not loved by all. They can be the target of pranks. People have been known to "return them to the wild", most notably France's "Front de Liberation des Nains de Jardins" and Italy's "MALAG" (Garden Gnome Liberation Front). Some kidnapped garden gnomes have been sent on trips around the world, being passed from person to person and photographed at different famous landmarks, with the photos being returned to the owner. This practice is featured in the 2001 French film, Amélie and in an advertising campaign for Travelocity.com. Non-conventional gnome statues have also been made, such as a flashing gnome in a raincoat, or a gnome couple in love.

A sub-culture exists among those who collect garden gnomes. This phenomenon is frequently made fun of in popular culture.

History 
The first garden gnome was created in Switzerland. It was later introduced to the United Kingdom in 1847 by Sir Charles Isham, when he brought 21 terracotta figures back from a trip to Germany and placed them around the gardens of his home at Lamport Hall in Northamptonshire. Only one of the original batch of gnomes survives. His name is Lampy. He is on display at Lamport Hall, and is insured for one million pounds.

Other websites
Garden Gnome - Encyc

Gardening
Kentucky is a state in the United States. Its capital is Frankfort. It touches the states of Missouri (by the Mississippi River), Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia (by the Ohio River), Tennessee and Virginia. There are many rivers in Kentucky.

History
The first people to settle in Kentucky were Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans. African slaves worked on plantations.

Louisville, the main city of Kentucky until last century, was founded in the XVIII century (around 1778) by George Rogers Clark and some French colonists. 

Some people call it the "Bluegrass State" because of a special kind of grass that grows there. There are also horses in Kentucky that eat this blue grass. Kentucky is very famous for its horse farms. The Kentucky Derby, a well-known horse race. It is held in the city of Louisville, which is also the largest city in the state. Other well-known places are Fort Knox, The Cumberland Gap, Cumberland Falls, Mammoth Cave, Red River gorge, and Land Between the Lakes.

Some well-known towns and cities are Louisville, Lexington, Owensboro, Bowling Green, Covington, Florence, Maysville, Georgetown, Paducah, Murray, Bardstown, Morehead, Midway, Berea, Richmond, Danville, Versailles, Elizabethtown, Radcliff, Corbin, Somerset, Ashland, and Middlesboro.

Hodgenville, Kentucky is famous for being the birthplace of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.

Related pages
 Colleges and universities in Kentucky
 List of counties in Kentucky
 List of rivers of Kentucky

Notes

References

Bibliography
 Channing, Steven. Kentucky: A Bicentennial History (1977).

 
1792 establishments in the United States
Gary Busey (born June 29, 1944) is an American actor. He has appeared in many movies and television shows since the 1970s. In 1988, He was involved in a motorcycle accident, but he recovered. He was born in Goose Creek, Texas and grew up in Oklahoma. He was a heavy cocaine user for many years, before giving it up and becoming a born-again Christian. His elder son Jake Busey (born 1971) is also an actor.

Busey was a contestant in two celebrity series of The Apprentice (2011 and 2013). He won the August-September 2014 series of Celebrity Big Brother UK.

References

Other websites
 

Actors from Oklahoma
Actors from Texas
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Big Brother winners
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
The Apprentice contestants
1944 births
Living people
Montana is a state in the United States. Its capital is Helena, and the largest city is Billings. Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. Most of the eastern part of the state is prairie.

Montana is the fourth largest state by area, the seventh least populous, and the third least densely populated of the 50 states.

Montana and Canada share a 545-mile (877-km) part of the world's longest undefended (which means there are no soldiers or armies on either side) border. The state borders the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, more provinces than any other U.S. state.

To the east of Montana is North Dakota; to the southeast is a short border with South Dakota. In the south is Wyoming, and on the west and southwest is Idaho.

The first people to settle in Montana were Native Americans.

Famous Montana people 

 Former Senate Majority Leader and Ambassador to Japan Mike Mansfield
 Jeanette Rankin, first female member of US Congress
 Burton K. Wheeler, a progressive senator who was Robert LaFollette´s running mate in the 1924 presidential election
 Film director David Lynch, four-time Academy Award nominee
 Lones Wigger, three-time Olympic medal winner and who at one point held 29 world records
 Phil Jackson, born in Deer Lodge, Montana, won NBA titles eleven times
 Katie Blair, model, actress and winner of multiple beauty pageants
 Jerry Kramer of the Green Bay Packers
 Charles Lindbergh, political activist

Politics 
At one point, Montana was liberal in federal elections and conservative in state elections. Today, the opposite is true. Although Montana is very conservative in presidential elections (it has not voted for a Democrat since 1964), it is more liberal than most states in the upper Rocky Mountains region. As one example of this, Montana is represented by one Democrat and one Republican in the Senate. There are no Democratic senators from Utah, Idaho, Wyoming, North Dakota or South Dakota. The Montana House of Representatives, which has 100 members, includes 58 Republicans and 42 Democrats, making it more liberal than any state legislature in Wyoming or Idaho.

Related pages 
 Colleges and universities in Montana
 List of counties in Montana

References 

 
1889 establishments in the United States
The sea is the interconnected system of all the Earth's oceanic waters, including the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern and Arctic Oceans. However, the word "sea" can also be used for many specific, much smaller bodies of seawater, such as the North Sea or the Red Sea.There are 78 seas in the world

List of seas, by ocean

Pacific Ocean 
 Bering Sea
 Gulf of Alaska
 Seck Sea (Gulf of California)
 Sea of Okhotsk
 Sea of Japan
 Seto Inland Sea
 East China Sea
 South China Sea
 Beibu Gulf
 Sulu Sea
 Celebes Sea
 Bohol Sea (Mindanao Sea)
 Philippine Sea
 Flores Sea
 Banda Sea
 Arafura Sea
 Tasman Sea
 Yellow Sea
 Bohai Sea
 Coral Sea
 Gulf of Carpentaria

Atlantic Ocean 
 Hudson Bay
 James Bay
 Baffin Bay init fam
 Gulf of St. Lawrence
 Gulf of Guinea
 Caribbean Sea
 Gulf of Mexico
 Sargasso Sea
 North Sea
 Baltic Sea
 Gulf of Bothnia
 Irish Sea
 Celtic Sea
 English Channel
 Mediterranean Sea
 Adriatic Sea
 Aegean Sea
 Black Sea
 Sea of Azov
 Ionian Sea
 Ligurian Sea
 Mirtoon Sea
 Tyrrhenian Sea
 Gulf of Sidra
 Sea of Marmara
 Sea of Crete

Indian Ocean 
 Red Sea
 Gulf of Aden
 Persian Gulf
 Gulf of Oman
 Arabian Sea
 Bay of Bengal
 Gulf of Thailand
 Java Sea
 Timor Sea
 Gulf of Kutch
 Gulf of Khambhat

Arctic Ocean 
 Barents Sea
 Kara Sea
 Beaufort Sea
 Amundsen Gulf
 Greenland Sea
 Chukchi Sea
 Laptev Sea
 East Siberian Sea

Southern Ocean 
 Amundsen Sea
 Weddell Sea
 Ross Sea
 Great Australian Bight
 Gulf St. Vincent
 Spencer Gulf

Seas which have land around them (these are landlocked) 
 Aral Sea
 Caspian Sea
 Dead Sea
 Sea of Galilee (we call this a sea, but it is really a small freshwater lake)
 Salton Sea

Seas which are not on Earth 
Lunar maria are very big areas on the Moon. In the past, people thought they were water and called them "seas". 

Scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa.

Scientists also think that there are liquid hydrocarbons on Titan. 

Basic English 850 words

Geography-related lists
Wool is the hair of certain mammals.  Most wool comes from sheep and goats, but wool is also taken from camels, llamas, and special rabbits.  Wool is a natural material.  People use wool fiber to make clothing, blankets, and other things to keep warm.  It is usually used to make outer clothing but is also used to make blankets, socks, sweaters and fine clothing.  Rabbit wool is called angora wool.  Cashmere and mohair come from goats, qiviut from musk oxen, and other types of wool from camelids.

Wool has several qualities that distinguish it from hair or fur: it is crimped and elastic. Wool fabrics clean easily. Wool also absorbs moisture and insulates against heat and cold.

Wool can be spun or made into yarn.  The yarn is used to weave fabric or material.  The yarn of wool can also be knitted into fabric or clothing like jumpers.Alpaca, mohair, angora, camel, cashmere and vicuna are all separate types of wool.

Wool can also be made into felt after it is boiled in hot water and rubbed together.  Felt is a kind of fabric that is not woven.  Felt can be used to make clothes to keep warm in cold weather.

Australia is the world's largest producer of raw wool, growing about 30 percent of the total world supply. Less wool is produced than in the middle 20th century, because people use more synthetic fibers.

Sheep were domesticated (tamed) in southwestern Asia about 11,000 years ago and now about 1 billion are now widely bred around the world.

Wool is produced by follicles which are small cells located in the skin. These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis and push down into the second skin layer called the dermis as the wool fibers grow. Follicles can be classed as either primary or secondary follicles. Primary follicles produce three types of fiber, Kemp (wool), medullated fibers and true wool fibers. Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers. Medullated fibers share nearly identical characteristics to hair and are long but lack crimp and elasticity. Kemp fibers are very coarse and shed out. 

Rag is a sturdy wool fiber made into yarn and used in many rugged applications such as gloves. Worsted is a strong, long-staple, combed wool yarn with a hard surface.      Woolen is a soft, short-staple, carded wool yarn typically used for knitting

Fibers
Basic English 850 words
Cloth
A saw is a tool used to cut things.

There are many kinds of saw. Some of them are hand tools that work with muscle power, like the saw in the picture. Some saws have other sources of power and can be very powerful, such as a chainsaw that is used to cut down trees.

The work carried out with a saw is usually noisy. Using a saw to cut materials is dangerous because of sharp teeth. Care must be taken not to let sharp edges touch the skin. Parts of the material being cut can fly off the work and become a hazard to breathing, to eyes and to the skin.

Hand saws
Or hand powered saws. These use the motion of a person's arm to make a cut.

Push saws
Many saws are designed to cut on the push stroke (when the saw is pushed forward).

Pull saws

The  is a type of saw used in woodworking. These saws typically cut on the pull stroke (when the saw is pulled backwards).

Power saws
There are several kinds of mechanically powered saws. Some are powered by electricity from a wall socket. Others are powered by batteries. Still others can be powered by Internal combustion engines, steam, or water power.

Chain saw
A saw designed to cut down trees or cut branches from trees is a chainsaw. A chainsaw is named for the row of teeth attached to a flexible chain. The cut is often very rough and often has splinters.

Circular saws
Circular saws use a round blade, usually between 7 and 10 inches. They are often very powerful and can cut through hard or soft wood. They use interchangeable round blades. The blade can be designed to cut any of a number of kinds of materials from steel, to wood, to masonry.

Jig saws
Jig saws move the blade up and down to cut through materials. The stroke (or up and down movement) is usually less than one inch (25.4 mm). These saws are very good for making curved cuts. Jig saws use a variety of interchangeable blades for cutting different materials. Some blades make very smooth cuts.

References

Other websites

Cutting tools
Woodworking tools
Tennessee is a state in the United States. Its capital is Nashville, which is also the country music center of America. It is the home of the Smoky Mountains which are a famous tourist attraction. Other well known cities and towns are Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, Oak Ridge, Lynchburg, Carthage, Lawrenceburg, Clarksville, Lebanon, Pigeon Forge, Murfreesboro, and Gatlinburg. Tennessee touches eight states: Kentucky and Virginia to the north; North Carolina to the east; Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi on the south; Arkansas and Missouri (by the Mississippi River) to the west. Tennessee ties Missouri as the state bordering the most other states.

Tennessee was the 16th state to join the nation, on June 1, 1796

Several professional sports teams play there, including the Tennessee Titans of the NFL, the Memphis Grizzlies of the NBA, and the Nashville Predators of the NHL.

Cherokee and other Native American tribes lived in Tennessee before the arrival of Europeans. African American slaves worked on plantations in the state.

Tennessee is known for its country music and Southern cuisine.

Related pages
 Colleges and universities in Tennessee
 List of counties in Tennessee

References

 
1796 establishments in the United States
Wyoming is a state in the western United States. Most of the state is in the Rocky Mountains, a large mountain range in the United States. Wyoming is the least populated U.S. state with a population of 576,412 people. Its capital and biggest city is Cheyenne. It borders Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Utah, Idaho, and Colorado. Wyoming is 97,914 square miles in area, which makes it the 9th largest state in the United States.

Wyoming is known for many things including Yellowstone National Park, Cowboys, the Teton Mountains and coal.

The first people to live in Wyoming were the Paleo-Indians. By the time the Europeans arrived the land was inhabited by a large number of Native American tribes. Some of the major tribes were the Cheyenne, Arapaho, Crow, Ute, and Shoshone.

Economy
Agriculture has always been an important part of the state economy of Wyoming. The main things grown in Wyoming are livestock (beef), hay, sugar beets, grain (wheat and barley), and wool.

In Wyoming, 91% of the land is rural.

The gross state product for Wyoming was $27.4 billion in 2005.

Famous people from Wyoming
Former Vice President Dick Cheney
Former Second Lady Lynne Cheney
Author Patricia MacLachlan

Cities and towns in Wyoming
 Afton
 Baggs
 Basin
 Big Piney
 Buffalo
 Burlington
 Byron
 Casper
 Cheyenne
 Clark
 Clearmont
 Cody
 Cokeville
 Cowley
 Crowheart
 Dayton
 Deaver
 Douglas
 Dubois
 Emblem
 Encampment
 Evanston
 Farson
 Frannie
 Garland
 Gillette
 Green River
 Greybull
 Hanna
 Harriman
 Hot Springs
 Hudson
 Hyattville
 Jackson
 Jackson Hole
 Kemerer
 Kirby
 La Barge
 Lance Creek
 Lander
 Laramie
 Lovell
 Lusk
 Lyman
 Manderson
 Meeteetse
 Newcastle 
 Otto
 Pine Bluffs
 Pinedale
 Powell
 Ralston
 Rawlins
 Recluse
 Riverside
 Riverton
 Rock Springs
 Saratoga
 Shell
 Sheridan
 Shoshoni
 Story
 Sundance
 Ten Sleep
 Thermopolis
 Wapiti
 Wheatland
 Worland
 Wright

Related pages
 Colleges and universities in Wyoming
 List of counties in Wyoming

References

 
1890 establishments in the United States
Delaware () is a state in the United States. It is sometimes called the First State because it was the first colony to accept the new constitution in 1787. Its capital is Dover and its biggest city is Wilmington. It is the second smallest state in the United States.

The Dutch first settled Delaware. The Swedish then took over in the mid-1600s.

Geography
Delaware is  long and ranges from  to  across, totaling , making it the second-smallest state in the United States after Rhode Island. Delaware is bounded to the north by Pennsylvania; to the east by the Delaware River, Delaware Bay, New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean; and to the west and south by Maryland.

Topography
Delaware is on a level plain, with the lowest mean elevation of any state in the nation. Its highest elevation, located at Ebright Azimuth, near Concord High School, is less than  above sea level.

Environment
The transitional climate of Delaware supports a wide variety of vegetation. In the northern third of the state are found Northeastern coastal forests and mixed oak forests typical of the northeastern United States. In the southern two-thirds of the state are found Middle Atlantic coastal forests. Trap Pond State Park, along with areas in other parts of Sussex County, for example, support the northernmost stands of bald cypress trees in North America.

Environmental management
Delaware provides government subsidy support for the clean-up of property "lightly contaminated" by hazardous waste, the proceeds for which come from a tax on wholesale petroleum sales.

Sister cities and states
Delaware's sister state in Japan is Miyagi Prefecture.

Gallery

Related pages
 Colleges and universities in Delaware
 List of counties in Delaware
 List of numbered routes in Delaware
 List of rivers of Delaware

References

Other websites

 
1787 establishments in the United States
Manila () is the capital city of the Philippines. It is one of the largest cities in the Philippines. Manila is on the biggest island of the Philippines, Luzon. Manila is by a bay named Manila Bay. The metropolitan area, called Metro Manila, is much larger. It stretches across a thin strip of land (called an isthmus) to a lake called "Laguna de Bay". Manila has a population of 1.78 million people.

References

 
Metro Manila
Cities in the Philippines
DiC Entertainment (DiC) was an international/Canadian-American movie and television production company founded in 1971 as D.i.C. Audiovisuel by Jean Chalopin in France. In 2008 Cookie Jar Group bought out DiC and then merged it with Cookie Jar Entertainment. Dic Entertainment is now owned by DHX Media. In the 1985-1988 DiC theme, the 7th Yamaha DX7 internal factory patch "Marimba" or 7th Yamaha DX7 internal factory patch "Marimba" mixed with the synth noise/noise/Fairlight CMI III (1984-1989) patch "Choir" that is similar to the Roland D-50 synth noise/Roland D-50 noise.

History

1980s 
Its American arm was started in 1982 as DiC Enterprises. The company's United States headquarters were in Burbank, California.

In 1986, Andy Heyward bought the company, making the US headquarters the main base of operations.

1990s 
In 1993, DiC Animation City (as it was then known) and Capital Cities/ABC formed DIC Entertainment LP and in 1995 it became a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company.

2000s 
In 2000 with an investment by Bain Capital, Heyward re-purchased DiC Enterprises (as it was then known). He purchased Bain Capital's part in 2004.

In 2003 DiC started a syndicated children's programming block called DiC Kids Network.

In early 2006, DiC Entertainment and CBS Corporation signed a multi-year deal for a new 3-hour long programming block for Saturday mornings on CBS. The resulting KOL Secret Slumber Party on CBS was started the following fall.

In April 2007, DiC Entertainment, Corus Entertainment's Nelvana and Sparrowhawk Media Group announced plans to start KidsCo, a new international children's entertainment network.

On June 20, 2008, it was announced that DiC would be bought out by Cookie Jar Group. On July 23, 2008, Cookie Jar completed the buy out of DiC Entertainment, and then it was merged with Cookie Jar Entertainment.

Productions 
See List of Cookie Jar Entertainment programs

References

Other websites 
 DIC Entertainment (Archive)
 Streaming Episodes 
 DIC Entertainment Cartoons at the Big Cartoon Database

Animation studios
1971 establishments
2008 disestablishments
Henry Albert "Hank" Azaria ( ; born April 25, 1964) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian and producer.  He voiced many characters in the Fox animated television series The Simpsons. He also appeared in movies such as The Birdcage (1996), and on stage as Sir Lancelot in the Monty Python-inspired musical, Spamalot. He married Helen Hunt from 1999 to 2000. Azaria makes a relationship with Katie Wright. He starred in Showtime's original series Huff.

Filmography

Film

Other websites

Fresh Air interview with Terry Gross
Hank Azaria 1999 Interview  on Sidewalks Entertainment

References

1964 births
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
Comedians from New York City
Living people
Actors from New York City
Mexico City () is the capital and largest city of Mexico. It is also one of the most populous and polluted cities in the world. The Aztec people were here before the Spanish came and made Mexico City. It was founded in 1521 by Hernán Cortés. Today, about 8.5 million people live in the city, and about 18 million live in the Greater Mexico City urban area. The city of Mexico City ceased to exist in 1928. Since then, there is only the Federal District.

Mexico City has 18.1 million people. It is the city with the second highest number of people in the world after Tokyo in Japan and just slightly more populated than Mumbai in India.

History

Mexico City was first built in the 1520s after Hernán Cortés destroyed the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan. The Spaniards then emptied the basin of Lake Texcoco to keep it from flooding. By the late 1700s, Mexico City had over 100,000 people. However, there were many slums, which caused epidemics. There were political problems in the mid 1800s after Mexico became independent. More than 40 people ruled in the 40 years after the country became independent. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, electric light and gas were brought to the city. But there was a big difference between the rich western part of the city and the poor eastern part of the city. By 1930, Mexico City had 1,000,000 people. The city kept growing quickly. In 1968, the Olympic Games were in Mexico City. In 1985, an earthquake hit the capital. In the past few decades, there have been problems with crime and corruption.

Environment
Mexico City has a high population density. It is also surrounded by mountains. This causes problems with air pollution.

Sometimes Mexico City gets earthquakes.

Geography
Mexico City is in the Valley of Mexico at around 2,300 meters (7,800 feet) above sea level.

Mexico City its divided by 16 boroughs: Álvaro Obregón, Azcapotzalco, Benito Juarez, Coyoacán, Cuajimalpa, Cuauhtémoc, Gustavo A. Madero, Iztacalco, Iztapalapa, Magdalena Contreras, Miguel Hidalgo, Milpa Alta, Tláhuac, Tlalpan, Venustiano Carranza and Xochimilco.

Mexico City was originally built on a lake, Lake Texcoco, which is now mostly drained. The ecology of the area has been much changed by the draining. Many of its native species, such as the Axolotl, are extinct, or endangered.

The mountains Popocatépetl and Iztaccíhuatl are nearby.

Climate
Mexico City is in the tropics. But because its elevation is so high, it has a subtropical highland climate (Cwb in the Köppen climate classification). This means temperatures are warm or mild year-round. It is a lot wetter in the summer than in the winter. Some parts of the city get frost in the winter.

References 

World Heritage Sites in Mexico
 
Capital cities in Mexico
Olympic cities
1520s establishments in Mexico
1521 establishments
Deaths 
 January 4 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, American saint (b. 1774)
 February 23 – John Keats, British poet (b. 1795)
 March 13 – John Hunter, second Governor of New South Wales (b. 1737)
 May 5 – Napoleon I of France (b. 1769)
 May 19 –  Camille Jordan, French politician (b. 1771)
 September 10 – Johann Dominicus Fiorillo, German painter and art historian
John Warnock Hinckley, Jr. (born May 29, 1955) is the man who attempted to assassinate President Ronald Reagan. On March 30, 1981, shortly after Reagan was elected, Hinckley shot at Reagan in Washington, D.C. Reagan was injured, but recovered quickly. Hinckley was tried, but was found not guilty, due to his insanity. He said the reason he shot the President was to get the attention of actress Jodie Foster, of whom he was a fan.

Hinckley has schizophrenia, dysthymia, narcissistic personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder. He also has borderline and passive-aggressive features. He was born in Ardmore, Oklahoma.

References 

1955 births
Living people
American prisoners
People acquitted of crimes
People from Dallas, Texas
People from Oklahoma

People with narcissistic personality disorder
People with schizophrenia
Tampico is a village in Whiteside County, Illinois.  The 2000 census said the village had a total population of 772.

History 
On February 6, 1911, Ronald Reagan, who used to be President of the United States (1981-1989) was born in a two story apartment over the local bank.  The building where the apartment is near the main street (Illinois Highway 172).  Reagan was born in the front bedroom of the apartment.

Geography 

Tampico is located at 41°37'50" North, 89°47'8" West (41.630559, -89.785573).

The United States Census Bureau says the village has a total area of 1.0 km² (0.4 mi²). None of it is water-covered.

Tampico is about 50 miles east of the Quad Cities (the cities of Davenport, Bettendorf, Iowa, Moline and Rock Island, Illinois).  It's about 130 miles west of Chicago.

Demographics 
The census of 2000 says there are 772 people, 292 households, and 205 families living in the village.  The population density is 745.2/km² (1,941.3/mi²).  There are 315 houses at an average density of 304.1/km² (792.1/mi²).  The  village is 99.74% White.

There are 292 households out of which 33.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% are married couples living together, 9.2% is a single women, and 29.5% are not families. 24.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 13.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older.  The average household size is 2.64 and the average family size is 3.1.

In the village the population is spread out with 28.9% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who are 65 years of age or older.  The median age is 36 years.  For every 100 females there are 102.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 102.6 males.

The average income for a household in the village is $40,221, and the average income for a family is $43,646. Males have an average income of $30,667 versus $18,409 for females. The per person income for the village is $14,467.  8.5% of the population and 6.4% of families are below the poverty line.  Out of the total population, 10.2% of those under the age of 18 and 4.6% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

The city was also the birthplace of Admiral Joseph M. Reeves.
 
Villages in Illinois
Surface area the measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies (3D) object. The surface area of a polyhedron is found by finding the sum of the area of all of the faces. The surface area is found between many three-dimensional shapes using formulas.

The surface area is useful because it tells you how much material is required in order to cover the object—for example, how much paint is needed to paint a table.Surface area is the sum of the faces, or surfaces, of a three dimensional shape.

Surface area and evaporation 
Surface area increases rate of evaporation because there are more molecules touching the surface. There the surface molecules can draw heat energy from the surroundings, which makes the molecules heat up faster and escape faster. This process is also known as evaporation. For example, a bowl filled with water will evaporate much faster than a flask filled with the same amount.

References 

Mathematics
A Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (or M.A.S.H. or MASH) was a medical center used during wars, to care and fix injured soldiers who got hurt in the fighting. They were an alternative to field hospitals and real hospitals which were used in World War II. During the Korean War, thanks to these kinds of hospitals, soldiers had a 97% chance of surviving an injury. They were also used in the Vietnam War and the first Gulf War, but were gradually replaced by Combat Support Hospitals or CSHs which are used today.
Many people know about these places due to a well-known movie and later TV show called M*A*S*H, which was set was a hospital like this during the Korean War.

Medicine
Seattle is the largest city in the U.S. state of Washington. It is the home of the Space Needle and a monorail, both of which were built for the 1962 World's Fair. It is also the American headquarters of Starbucks coffee, Amazon.com and Nordstrom. In the 1960s and 1990s, music artists like Jimi Hendrix, Nirvana, Pearl Jam, and others from the city became popular. It is also the setting of the TV shows Here Come the Brides, Frasier, and Grey's Anatomy.

Seattle has many sports teams, including the Seattle Mariners (baseball), the Seattle Seahawks (American football), the Sounders FC (soccer), and the Seattle Storm (women's basketball). Seattle has a lot of water around it, with Puget Sound and the Pacific Ocean to the west and Lake Washington to the east. About 750,000 people live in the city. More than 4,000,000 (4 million) people live in the city or near it.

Seattle is home to many colleges and universities. The most notable of these are, University of Washington, and Seattle University.

Seattle has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb in the Koeppen climate classification).

Other websites 

 Official website

 
County seats in Washington
1869 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Washington (state)
Kiefer William Frederick Dempsey George Rufus Sutherland (born December 21, 1966) is a Canadian actor and director.

He was born in London, England in 1966 to Canadian actor Donald Sutherland and his wife Shirley Douglas, an actress and daughter of Canadian statesman Tommy Douglas. He also has a twin sister, named Rachel, who looks similar to him. He grew up in London, Corona, California and Toronto, Ontario.

In the 1980s, he was part of a group of young actors called the "Brat Pack" and appeared in movies Stand by Me (1986), The Lost Boys (1987), Young Guns (1988), Flatliners (1990), and The Three Musketeers (1993). In 2001, he starred as Jack Bauer in 24, which was intended as a one-shot mini-series, but became one of the most popular shows on TV. For this role, Kiefer won the Emmy Award for Best Actor in 2006, the Golden Globe for best actor in 2001, the SAG Award for Best Actor in 2003 and 2005 and the Satellite Award for Best Actor in 2002 and 2003. The show had eight seasons before ending, with one movie currently released.

He is also in the Fox drama, Touch as the role of Martin Bohm.

Other websites 

1966 births
Living people
Actors from London
Actors from Ontario
Canadian movie actors
Canadian movie directors
Canadian television actors
Canadian television producers
Canadian voice actors
Satellite Award winners
Emmy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Twin people from Canada
Stirling () is a city in the middle of Scotland. Stirling was very important a long time ago because it is at the centre of Scotland. Battles were fought at Bannockburn and Stirling Bridge, and there is a castle in the city. During part of the Middle Ages it was the capital of the Kingdom of Scotland.

Famous places
 Bannockburn
 Braehead
 Broomridge
 Cambusbarron
 Cambuskenneth
 Causewayhead
 Cornton
 Kings Park
 Raploch
 Riverside
 Stirling Castle
 St. Ninians
 Top of the Town
 Torbrex

Related pages
Robert I of Scotland
William Wallace

cities in Scotland
Tokelau is a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is made of three atolls. These atolls have a surface area of about. About 1500 people lived there in 2016. The territory belongs to New Zealand. The atolls are Alatufu, Nukunonu, and Fakaofo. Together with Swains Island (which is part of American Samoa now) they are known as the Union Islands. Swains Island is about 180 km to the south of Fakaofo. Less than 50 people live on Swains Island. Tokelau is about half way between New Zealand and Hawaii.

Tokelau does not have an official capital. The most important languages spoken in Tokelau are English and Tokelauan.

The people live in four villages: Two of them are on Fakaofo. The islands Atafu and Nukunonu each have one village. The most common language is Tokelauan, about half the people are able to speak English.

According to the UN, many people on Tokelau are overweight: Many of the 15 to 64 age group also suffer from diabetes.

Tokelau is among the most remote areas in the Pacific: There are no airports; the islands can only be reached by ship: there are also no sea ports, which makes travelling difficult, even between the atolls. New Zealand pays for a ship, which connects Tokelau with the next bigger seaport (Apia, on Samoa). The trip from Apia to Fakaofo takes about a day, reaching the northernmost atoll Atafu will take another three to four hours. There is no large pier on any of the islands, which means that smaller boats (called barges) are needed to reach the shore. The ship reaches Tokelau about once every two weeks.

In 2004 there was a vote to change the status of Tokelau: Rather than being a dependent territory of New Zealand, the proposal was to be "in association with" New Zealand, much like Cook Islands and Niue. At the time, the people of Tokelau voted against this independence.

References 

Islands of Oceania
Commonwealth dependent states
Polynesia
Geography of New Zealand
A communist state is a state whose constitution claims to follow the principles of communism, despite following the ideology of Marxism–Leninism. Its form of government has only a single political party, the communist party. The governance of the state is guided by the principles of Leninism, Marxism, Maoism, or any other form of socialist ideology.

Technically, "communist state" is a contradictory term. In principle, a communist society is a stateless society. In practice, communist states do not actually refer to themselves as "communist states". They do not consider themselves to be communist societies at present. Instead, their constitutions call them socialist states or workers' states.

During the 20th century, a "communist state" came to be understood as any country ruled by a single party and guided by a Marxist–Leninist or Maoist ideology. These countries would also have a planned economy. The ruling class is the working class (the proletariat).

As of February 2018, there are five countries that are called communist states. They are China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam and North Korea. North Korea does not follow Marxism–Leninism but rather the ideology of Juche. Nonetheless, it is otherwise still considered to be in the same category.

Historically

There were, at one time, many countries that followed some type of Marxism. One of the most famous is the Soviet Union. However, many of these are now no longer regarded as socialist.
 East Germany
 Soviet Union
 Yugoslavia
 Romania
 Hungary
 Czechoslovakia
 Poland
 Bulgaria
 Democratic Kampuchea
 Somalia
 Albania
 Mongolia
 Cuba
 North Vietnam
 China

References

Countries
Communism
Events 
 Kentucky admitted into the United States.

Births 
 June 15 – Thomas Livingstone Mitchell, Australian explorer
1873 was a year in the 19th century.

Events 
 February 11 – King Amadeus I of Spain abdicates.
 Blue jeans patented.

Births 
 Alexis Mérodack-Jeanneau – French painter (d. 1919)