cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso  (, , ; 12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes written d'Annunzio, was an Italian writer, poet, journalist and playwright. He was nicknamed "Il Vate" (The Poet) and "Il Profeta" (The Prophet) and he was associated with the Decadent movement.

Works

Novels
Il piacere (1889)
Giovanni Episcopo (1891)
L'innocente (1892)
Il trionfo della morte (The Triumph of Death, 1894)
Le vergini delle rocce (The Maidens of the Rocks, 1895)
Il fuoco ( The Flame of Life: A Novel, 1900)
Forse che sì forse che no (1910)

Tragedies
La città morta (The Dead City: a Tragedy, 1899).
La Gioconda (Gioconda, 1899).
Francesca da Rimini (1902).
L'Etiopia in fiamme (1904).
La figlia di Jorio (1904).
La fiaccola sotto il moggio (1905).
La nave (1908).
Fedra (1909).

Short story collections
Terra vergine (1882)
Le novelle della Pescara (1884–1886)

Poetry collections
Primo vere (1879)
Canto novo (1882)
Poema paradisiaco (1893)
The five books of Laudi del cielo, del mare, della terra e degli eroi (1903–1912)
Maia (Canto Amebeo della Guerra) 
ElettraAlcyoneMerope
Asterope (La Canzone del Quarnaro)Ode alla nazione serba'' (1914)

Notes

Italian writers
Italian poets
Italian playwrights
1863 births
1938 deaths
Hiroshi H. Miyamura (born October 6, 1925), also known as Hershey Miyamura, was a United States Army soldier.  He received the Medal of Honor because of his actions in the Korean War.

Early life 
Miyamura was born in Gallup, New Mexico to Japanese immigrant parents. He is a Nisei, which means that he is a second generation Japanese-American.

Soldier
Miyamura joined the US Army in January 1945.

Miyamura volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei 100th Infantry Battalion.  This army unit was mostly made up of Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.

After the end of World War II, he became part of the U.S. Army Reserve. He was called to active duty in the Korean War.  He was a prisoner of war for 28 months.

Medal of Honor citation

Miyamura's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting in Korea in 1951. He fought in close quarters combat; and he stayed behind to provide covering fire while his unit withdrew.

The words of Miyamura's citation explain:
Cpl. Miyamura, a member of Company H, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy. On the night of 24 April, Company H was occupying a defensive position when the enemy fanatically attacked threatening to overrun the position. Cpl. Miyamura, a machinegun squad leader, aware of the imminent danger to his men unhesitatingly jumped from his shelter wielding his bayonet in close hand-to-hand combat killing approximately 10 of the enemy. Returning to his position, he administered first aid to the wounded and directed their evacuation. As another savage assault hit the line, he manned his machinegun and delivered withering fire until his ammunition was expended. He ordered the squad to withdraw while he stayed behind to render the gun inoperative. He then bayoneted his way through infiltrated enemy soldiers to a second gun emplacement and assisted in its operation. When the intensity of the attack necessitated the withdrawal of the company Cpl. Miyamura ordered his men to fall back while he remained to cover their movement. He killed more than 50 of the enemy before his ammunition was depleted and he was severely wounded. He maintained his magnificent stand despite his painful wounds, continuing to repel the attack until his position was overrun. When last seen he was fighting ferociously against an overwhelming number of enemy soldiers. Cpl. Miyamura's indomitable heroism and consummate devotion to duty reflect the utmost glory on himself and uphold the illustrious traditions on the military service.

Namesake
Miyamura is the namesake of an area in Gallup, New Mexico.   The Hiroshi H. Miyamura High School is named after him.

An I-40 highway interchange is also named after him.  It is also called the Miyamura Overpass.

Related pages 
 List of living Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients

References

Other websites

1925 births
Living people
People from Gallup, New Mexico
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Yorba Linda is a city in southern California, in the United States. It is approximately  northeast of Downtown Santa Ana, and  southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2010 census, there are 64,234 people living in the city. In 2006 it was identified as the richest city in the United States by the U.S. Census Bureau that shows a median household income of $121,075 higher than any other.

Yorba Linda is known to have big residential properties. It is also known to have 30 horse trails which are  in overall length.

Richard Nixon, President of the United States, from 1969 to 1974, and Vice President of the United States, from 1953 to 1961, was born there and is the most well known resident there, however his father moved there before it became a city.

History

Pre-colonization
This place was home to Native American tribes once.

Early years
In 1834, Jose Antonio Yorba's most successful son Bernardo Yorba (the city would be later be named after) was granted the  Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana by Mexican governor José Figueroa.

Founding
On November 2, 1967, Yorba Linda was incorporated as a city.

Recent times
In November 2008, the eastern part of the city was struck by a brush fire that destroyed 113 homes and damaged 50 other homes.

Geography
It is bordered by Anaheim on the south, Placentia on the west and southwest, Brea on the northwest, Chino Hills State Park on the north, and Corona on the east and bordered by the counties of San Bernardino and Riverside.

Yorba Linda is the sixth largest city in Orange County after Santa Ana, Irvine, Anaheim, Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.

The two nearest seismic faults are the Whittier Fault and the other is Chino Fault, both of which are part of the Elsinore Fault Zone.

Climate

Notable people
 Sabrina Bryan, The Cheetah Girls songstress and actress
 Danielle Fishel, actress Boy Meets World
 Alli Mauzey, Broadway actress, Wicked, Hairspray, Cry-Baby
 Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States, 36th Vice President of the United States, Senator and Congressman
 Audrina Patridge, actress The Hills
 Atreyu, heavy metal band formed in city in 1998

Places of Interest

 Birthplace of Richard Nixon
 Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum

References

Other websites
 City website 

 
1967 establishments in California
Yoshihiko Noda  was Prime Minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012. He was leader of the Democratic Party of Japan (Minshuto). He was defeated by Shinzo Abe's party in an election in December 2012.

Noda was born in Funabashi, Chiba. His family was poor.

References

Prime Ministers of Japan
1957 births
Living people
People from Chiba Prefecture
The Twelve Days of Christmas are the festive days which begin on Christmas Day (25 December). This is also known as Christmastide and Twelvetide. The Twelfth Night of Christmas is always on the evening of 5 January. The Twelfth Day can either be before or follow the Twelfth Night according to which Christian tradition is followed. Twelfth Night is followed by the Feast of the Epiphany on 6 January. In some traditions, the first day of Epiphany (6 January) and the twelfth day of Christmas are the same.

Over the centuries, differing churches and sects of Christianity have changed the actual traditions, time frame and their interpretations. St. Stephen's Day (or Boxing Day), for example, is 26 December in the Western Church and 27 December in the Eastern Church. 28 December is Childermas or the Feast of the Innocents. Currently, the twelve days and nights are celebrated in widely varying ways around the world. For example, some give gifts only on Christmas Day, some only on Twelfth Night, and some each of the twelve nights. The song "The Twelve Days of Christmas" is about this giving of gifts.

References

Related pages
Saint Stephen (December 26)
 Saint John the Apostle (December 27)
Holy Innocents' Day (December 28)
Epiphany (holiday) (January 6)

Christmas
Natalia Cigliuti (born September 6, 1978, New York City) is a television actress. She acted in many TV programs. The most popular of these include All My Children and Pacific Palisades.

References

Actors from New York
1978 births
Living people
4×4=12 is the fifth studio album by Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. 4×4=12 was released on 6 December 2010 worldwide and was released on 7 December 2010 in the United States.

The name of the album is a reference to a moment on deadmau5's Ustream channel when he was explaining his live set up for shows and said, 'Yeah, it's in four banks of four, and that equals 16,' and they were like, 'Dude, that's 12'! Everyone started saying it over and over again, and it just caught on."

The album featured the singles "Some Chords", "Animal Rights" with Wolfgang Gartner, "Sofi Needs a Ladder" featuring SOFI and "Raise Your Weapon" featuring Greta Svabo Bech of Picture Book.

The album received a Nomination for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 54th Grammy Awards.

Songs

References

2010 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell (November 8, 1900 – August 16, 1949) was an American novelist. She is best known for writing Gone with the Wind. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia. Her mother's family was Irish Roman Catholic. In Atlanta on 11 August 1949, Mitchell was hit by a car driven by a drunk driver. Five days later, she died of her injuries. The driver was convicted of involuntary manslaughter.

References 

1900 births
1949 deaths
American manslaughter victims
American novelists
Road accident deaths in the United States
Writers from Atlanta, Georgia
Thermal resistance is the opposite of thermal conductivity. It is the measure of how much an object resists heat flow.

Physics
Professional Griefers is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from American musician Gerard Way from My Chemical Romance. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

Only live recordings of the song as an instrumental could be found around the internet in late 2011 and early 2012. The instrumental version of the song was played during the official launch of Minecraft.

deadmau5 played the song with vocals during a live Internet stream and fans were able to guess that the vocal were performed by Gerard Way because of this distinctive voice. A preview for the song was uploaded on deadmau5's YouTube channel on July 6, 2012 and the song was finally released on iTunes and Beatport on August 14, 2012. 

The song was featured in the soundtrack for Electronic Arts' FIFA 13.

References

2012 songs
deadmau5 songs
Jena Malone (born November 21, 1984, Sparks, Nevada) is an American actress. She has acted in television programs and in movies, including Contact, Donnie Darko and Stepmom. She has also been in Broadway plays.

Actors from Nevada
Living people
1984 births
"The Veldt" is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from American musician Chris James. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

The song was inspired by the 1950 short story by Ray Bradbury. The song was created during a 22-hour live stream. Chris James was found on Twitter by deadmau5 when James created his own vocal rendition of the song. deadmau5 liked his James' rendition so much that he included it in the official release of the song.

The music video is based on "The Veldt" by Ray Bradbury and is loosely based around the 2010 video game, Limbo.

The song was ranked at #48 on Rolling Stone' list of the 50 best songs of 2012.

References

2012 songs
Deadmau5 songs
Maths is a song by Canadian house producer deadmau5. The song is featured on deadmau5's sixth studio album Album Title Goes Here. 

The song was originally going to be included as the 12th song on the 4×4=12 soundtrack but it wasn't chosen to be on the final version of the album because he could not finish the song in time.

The song was featured in a video which featured deadmau5 on a water scooter riding on Lake Ontario with a helmet camera.

It was first played throughout the Meowingtons Hax Tour before it was released on February 17, 2012.

References

2012 songs
deadmau5 songs
Raise Your Weapon is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from Greta Svabo Bech. The song is featured on deadmau5's fifth studio album 4×4=12. 

The song starts with a piano melody played in 4/4 time under the vocals and enters then the song enters a dubstep bassline about halfway through the song with the vocals from the beginning repeat.

The song received positive reviews from critics with David Jeffries from Allmusic saying "When the one-two punch of “Raise Your Weapon” and “One Trick Pony” introduce the Mau5’s newfound love of dubstep, you’ve got just enough variety." and Will Hermes of Rolling Stone saying "The masterstroke is "Raise Your Weapon," which breaks down into a sick dubstep beat. "How does it feel now, to watch it burn?" asks singer Greta Svabo Bech before the bass hits".

"Raise Your Weapon" was nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 54th Grammy Awards. deadmau5 also performed the song in a sequence with David Guetta, Chris Brown, Lil Wayne and Foo Fighters, with the songs being "I Can Only Imagine" by Guetta, Brown, and Wayne and "Rope" by The Foo Fighters.

References

2010 songs
deadmau5 songs
is the oldest published Japanese text on garden-making. It was written in the mid-to-late 11th century. Various translations in English and French exist.

History
Sakuteiki is considered the oldest garden planning book. It is believed to be the work of Tachibana Toshitsuna.

During the Kamakura period, it was referred to as the Senzai Hisshō (Secret Selection on Gardens).  In the Edo period, it became known as Sakuteiki.

Overview
Sakuteiki is a record of the styles of gardening in the Heian period. It describes five styles of gardening, including
 "Ocean Style" (taikai no yō)  
 "Mountain Torrent Style" (yama kawa no yō) 
 "Broad River Style" (taiga no yō) 
 "Wetland Style" (numa ike no yō) 
 "Reed Style" (ashide no yō)

Related pages
 Japanese garden

References

Gardening
Japanese culture
Calama is a commune and city of Chile. It is the capital of Province of El Loa, and is in the Region of Antofagasta.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Cities in Chile
For other uses, see Gosei.
 is a mental exercise for thinking over the events of each day.  Gosei are a series of questions which each cadet is expected to ask himself each day.  These five open-ended questions are part of the traditions of Japan's Naval Academy.

History
In the early 1930s, the related Gosei concepts were created by Vice Admiral Hajime Matsushita when he was the Chief of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy. 

In the late-Shōwa period, the Japan Maritime Self Defense Force (JMSDF) encouraged the use of the Gosei as a self-examination exercise.  In today's JMSDF, Gosei is supposed to be one of the ordinary parts of daily living.

Questions
Every evening, Japan's Navy cadets are expected to think carefully about a their actions during the course of the day.  This opportunity for self-reflection is guided by the set of five questions,  including
 Have you not gone against sincerity
 Have you not felt ashamed of your words and deeds
 Have you not lacked vigor
 Have you not exerted all possible efforts
 Have you not become slothful

The Gosei questions have been translated into English for discussion at the United States Naval Academy.

References

Other websites	
  Precepts of Ieyasu Tokugawa" at Wikisource

Japanese culture
For other uses, see Gosei.
The  is a Japanese competition event for expert players of Go.  It is also the title which is earned by the winner of the competition.

References

Japanese culture
Above the Rim is a 1994 American urban sports crime drama movie directed by Jeff Pollack. Tupac Shakur and Bernie Mac star. The movie is set in New York City and is about drugs and basketball. Marlon Wayans is also in the cast.

Sources

Other websites 

1994 crime movies
1994 drama movies
1990s crime drama movies
1990s sports movies
American crime drama movies
American sports movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New York City
Sports drama movies
Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic drama movie. It stars Bradley Cooper as a bipolar man who has recently been discharged from a psychiatric hospital, where he was sent after attacking his wife's lover. Jennifer Lawrence as Tiffany and Robert De Niro as Pat Sr. This movie is set in Pennsylvania in 2008. It was based on the novel of the same name. Most movie critics gave the movie good reviews.

Release dates

Other websites 

2012 drama movies
2012 romance movies
2010s romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Bipolar disorder in fiction
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Pennsylvania
Movies set in the 2000s
Movies directed by David O. Russell
Dalitstan.org was a Dalit advocacy website active until mid-2006. It was one of 18 websites that were blocked by the Indian government following the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings.

The website claimed to be run by Dalitstan, a "Human Rights Organization working for the Upliftment of Dalits, the Untouchables of India". Note that -stan is a suffix for "place of" or "country", and forms part of the name of many places throughout Central and South Asia. Dalitstan would mean "place or country of the Dalits".

Claims and counter-claims
The website stated that the Dalits were the original people of India who created the Harappan civilization, and described the Brahmins as the descendants of the Aryan invaders who enslaved them.

Dibyesh Anand of the University of Westminster described Dalitstan.org as a Dalit nationalist group that also acted as a forum for anti-India Christian and Muslim advocacy.

Blocked by the Indian government
Dalitistan.org was one of 18 websites that were blocked in India by the Ministry of Telecommunications of the Government in July 2006. The purpose of the block was to try to stop terror and hate messages on the Internet following the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings.

History of domain
The website was started in 1999. The domain was registered by Helen Heklund, with an address in Granbury, Texas. The website was taken down sometime after May 2006. The domain registration lapsed (expired). The rights to the name were then purchased by someone else.

References

Nationalist organizations in India
Separatist movements of India
Loie (or Loïe) Fuller  (January 15, 1862 – January 1, 1928) was a pioneer of modern dance. She had no dance training, but got experience acting on the stage. A chance experiment with an over-long skirt gave her ideas which she eventually developed into a dance.

Career
Fuller was born Marie Louise Fuller in the Chicago suburb of Fullersburg (now Hinsdale, Illinois). She began her theatrical career as a professional child actress and later choreographed and performed dances in burlesque (as a skirt dancer), vaudeville, and circus shows.

Fuller developed her own natural movement and improvisation techniques. Fuller combined her choreography with silk costumes seen by multi-coloured lighting of her own design.

Although Fuller became famous in America through works such as Serpentine Dance (1891), she felt that she was not taken seriously by the public. Her warm reception in Paris during a European tour persuaded Fuller to stay in France. A regular performer at the Folies Bergère with works such as Fire Dance, Fuller became the embodiment of the Art Nouveau movement. An 1896 film of the Serpentine Dance gives a hint of what her performance was like (the unknown dancer in the film is not Fuller).

In connecting free dance, billowing skirts and materials, color and lighting effects, Fuller was in sympathy with several other dancers of that period. All performed in Paris, on the Moulin Rouge or Folies Bergère stage, or both. These stages, as was usual in music hall generally, offered a series of separate acts rather than one continuous work.

Patents 
Fuller held patents related to stage lighting. They including chemical compounds for creating color gel and the use of chemical salts for lluminescent lighting, and garments (stage costumes US Patent 518347). She tried to create a patent of her Serpentine Dance to stop imitators from using her choreography or claiming to be her. Fuller gave a written description of her dance to the United States Copyright Office; however, a US Circuit Court judge denied Fuller's request for an injunction. The Serpentine Dance told no story and was therefore not eligible for copyright protection.  At that time dance was only protected if it qualified as "dramatic" and Fuller's dance was too abstract for this qualification. The precedent set by Fuller's case remained in place from 1892 until 1976, when Federal Copyright Law extended protection to choreographic works.

Written works
Fuller's autobiographical memoire "Quinze ans de ma vie" was written in French and published by in 1908 with an introduction by Anatole France. She drafted her memoires again in English a few years later, which were published under the title "Fifteen Years of a Dancer's Life" by Herbert Jenkins (London) in 1913. The New York Public Library Jerome Robbins Dance Collection holds the nearly complete manuscript to the English edition and materials related to the French edition.

References 

Actors from Illinois
American dancers
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Deaths from pneumonia
1862 births
1928 deaths
Vaudeville performers
The British Broadcasting Company Ltd was a British commercial company. It was formed on 18 October 1922 by British and American electrical companies doing business in the United Kingdom. Its original office was on the second floor of Magnet House, the GEC buildings in London. It had a room and a small antechamber.

Companies of the United Kingdom
1922 establishments in the United Kingdom
1926 disestablishments
Dabney Wharton Coleman (born January 3, 1932) is an American actor. He has appeared in over 50 movies including Tootsie (1982) and You've Got Mail (1998). He was born in Austin, Texas. He is also known for being the voice of Principal Peter Prickly in Recess (1997–2001) and appearing as Louis "The Commodore" Kaestner in Boardwalk Empire (2010–2011). His career began in 1961. 

Coleman was nominated for six Emmy Awards, winning one in 1987. He was also nominated for three Golden Globe Awards, winning one in 1987 as well.

Coleman was married to Ann Courtney Harrell between 1957 until they divorced in 1959. He was later married to Jean Hale from 1961 until they divorced in 1984. He has four children. In 2012, Coleman revealed that he was diagnosed with throat cancer.

References

Other websites

 

Actors from Austin, Texas
1932 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Cancer survivors
ARM architecture is a computer CPU architecture commonly used in embedded systems and mobile devices such as cell phones, tablet computers, and handheld game consoles such as the Game Boy Advance. ARM CPUs use very little electricity and produce very little heat. Most ARM CPUs run on battery power and don't need a cooling fan. The Linux operating system is used most on ARM CPUs. 

In 2013 ARM was the world's most popular 32-bit CPU architecture. Since then, production has increased to millions per day.  64-bit ARM, which allows for addressing memory greater than 3.8GB, has been available since then and is used in most modern smartphones.

Brands and Manufacturers 
 Qualcomm Snapdragon
 Samsung 
 Texas Instruments
 Intel
 MediaTek

Examples of products that use ARM 
 Most Android devices
 Apple iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad
 Samsung Chromebook
 Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, and Nintendo Switch
 Windows RT and Windows Phone
 Many Wi-Fi routers and other network equipment
 Digital cameras
 DVD and Blu-ray players
 Some newer televisions
 Some car stereos
 Raspberry Pi, a small $35 computer

Related pages
 Z80
 X86
 Intel Atom
 MIPS architecture
Computer processors
ARM-based processors
Windows Phone (formerly Windows Mobile) is a discontinued operating system from Microsoft for mobile phones. It is less popular than Android and iOS.

References

Microsoft operating systems
Jonathan G. Meath (born September 16, 1955) is an American television producer. He is known for dressing up as Santa Claus. He won a Peabody Award in 1993.

Meath was born on September 16, 1955 in Baltimore, Maryland. He was raised in Boston, Massachusetts and in Harrisville, New Hampshire. Meath studied at New York University and at Phillips Academy. He has two children. Meath now lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

References

Other websites
 MeathMedia website
 YouTube video about making candy canes
 Jonathan Meath on NPR as Santa
 Santa JG website
 Santa JG on Facebook

1955 births
Living people
American television producers
American television actors
Actors from Baltimore
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Actors from New Hampshire
Peabody Award winners
Marathon Man is a 1976 American crime thriller movie. It stars Dustin Hoffman, Laurence Olivier and Roy Scheider. The movie is based on the novel of the same name and is set in New York City. It received strong critical and box office success.

Other websites 

1976 crime movies
1970s thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
English-language movies
French-language movies
German-language movies
Movies about murderers
Movies about siblings
Movies based on books
Movies set in New York City
Works about brothers
Movies directed by John Schlesinger
Movies about dentistry
Coy Luther "Luke" Perry III (October 11, 1966 – March 4, 2019) was an American movie and television performer. He was known for being in the show Beverly Hills, 90210 as Dylan McKay. He acted in many movies. Perry starred as Fred Andrews in Riverdale. He was born in Mansfield, Ohio.

On February 27, 2019, Perry was hospitalized after suffering a stroke at his home in Sherman Oaks, California. He died at a hospital in Burbank on March 4, 2019, aged 52.

References

Other websites

Actors from Ohio
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
1966 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
The Dark Knight Series is a set of three Christopher Nolan Batman movies. It includes Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), and The Dark Knight Rises (2012). Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Gary Oldman, Morgan Freeman, and Cillian Murphy appeared in all three movies.

Background

All cast and crew members worked on all three movies, except for music composer James Newton Howard who did not work on The Dark Knight Rises. Composer Hans Zimmer worked together with Howard on the first two films and made the soundtrack for the last movie by himself. Katie Holmes played Rachel Dawes in Batman Begins, but was replaced by Maggie Gyllenhaal in The Dark Knight. Liam Neeson appeared as Ra's al Ghul in Batman Begins and in The Dark Knight Rises.

Heath Ledger received an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as The Joker in The Dark Knight. Ledger died before the movie was released and the award was given posthumously.

Each of the three movies was a success in the box office; The Dark Knight was the number one grossing movie in 2008. The Dark Knight Rises is the third highest grossing movie of 2012. Batman Begins is the ninth highest grossing movie in 2005. Batman Begins earned $372,710,015 worldwide. The Dark Knight earned $1,023,045,358. The Dark Knight Rises earned $1,081,041,287, passing the receipts of The Dark Knight.

In both Batman Begins and in The Dark Knight, Gotham City was shot in Chicago, Illinois. In The Dark Knight Rises, Gotham City was shot in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, New York City, New York, and Los Angeles, California.

Cast
Christian Bale as Batman
Michael Caine as Alfred Pennyworth
Gary Oldman as Commissioner Gordon
Morgan Freeman as Lucius Fox
Katie Holmes (Batman Begins) and Maggie Gyllenhaal (The Dark Knight) as Rachel Dawes
Liam Neeson as Ra's al Ghul
Heath Ledger as Joker
Tom Hardy as Bane
Anne Hathaway as Catwoman
Marion Cotillard as Talia al Ghul
Aaron Eckhart as Harvey Dent/Two-Face
Cillian Murphy as Scarecrow
Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Robin John Blake
Colin McFarlane as Gillian B. Loeb
Néstor Carbonell as Mayor Anthony Garcia
Tom Wilkinson as Carmine Falcone
Eric Roberts as Sal Maroni
Ben Mendelsohn as John Daggett
Matthew Modine as Peter Foley

Reception

Box office performance

Critical response

References

Other website
 Batman franchise overview at Box Office Mojo
 
 Behind Batman: Public Domain Analysis of the Film Franchise

Movies directed by Christopher Nolan
Batman movies
Series of movies
Movies based on comic book characters
The Dark Knight Trilogy
Warner Bros. movies
Colleen Celeste Camp (born June 7, 1953 in San Francisco, California) is an American movie and television actor. She has acted in many movies and televison shows. Camp debuted in 1973 in Battle for the Planet of the Apes, one of the Planet of the Apes sequels. She played Connie in Die Hard with a Vengeance. Camp was the first to play character Kristin Shepard in Dallas''. Camp is also a movie producer.

References 

Actors from San Francisco
1953 births
Living people
GoldenEye is a 1995 British action-adventure espionage movie. It was released in November 1995. Starring in this are Pierce Brosnan (as James Bond) and Judi Dench (she plays M). GoldenEye was the seventeenth spy feature in the James Bond series. This was also the first one after a six-year break, which was the result of legal disputes. GoldenEye made over $350 million worldwide. According to critics, Brosnan acted the role of James Bond much better than his predecessor Timothy Dalton. Tina Turner sings the title song of the movie.

Release dates

Cast 
 Pierce Brosnan as James Bond
 Sean Bean as Alec Trevelyan
 Izabella Scorupco as Natalya Fyodorovna Simonova
 Famke Janseen as Xenia Zirgavna Onatopp
 Judi Dench as M
 Joe Don Baker as Jack Wade
 Michael Kitchen as Bill Tanner
 Robbie Coltrane as Valentin Zukovsky
 Gottfried John as General Arkady Grigorovich Ourumov
 Alan Cumming as Boris Grishenko
 Tchéky Karyo as Dimitri Mishkin
 Serena Gordon as Caroline
 Michelle Arthur as Anna
 Billy J. Mitchell as Chuck Farrell
 Minnie Driver as Irina
 Peter Majer as Dimitri

Other websites 

 

1995 action movies
1995 thriller movies
1990s action thriller movies
1990s crime thriller movies
1990s spy movies
English-language movies
James Bond movies
Movies set in Russia
Movies set in North America
Movies about terrorism
Movies directed by Martin Campbell
Ursula Andress (born 19 March 1936) is a Swiss television and movie actress who played the Bond girls in Dr. No and Casino Royale. She also starred in many other movies besides that. Andress was born in Ostermundigen to a Swiss mother and German father.

Other websites 

1936 births
Living people
Actresses who played Bond girls
Swiss movie actors
Swiss television actors
The Australian Labor Party (NSW) was an Australian political party commonly known as Lang Labor. It was the New South Wales branch of the Australian Labor Party which broke away from the national party and acted independently from 1931 to 1936.

In 1931 Jack Lang, the Premier of New South Wales, announced the "Lang Plan". This plan would reduce the effects of the Great Depression. The main feature of the plan was to stop making loan repayments to foreign banks. This was the opposite of the policy of the federal Labor government led by James Scullin. As a result, Lang's supporters, led by Jack Beasley and Eddie Ward, were forced out of the federal Caucus. 

This led to a split between the Federal and State leaders of the Labor party. In 1931 Lang's supporters voted with the United Australia Party Opposition in the House of Representatives to bring down the Scullin government. This caused an early election. The New South Wales Branch ran candidates as the Australian Labor Party (New South Wales). They were known as "Lang Labor" candidates. Supporters of the federal party (led in New South Wales by Ted Theodore and Ben Chifley) were known as Federal Labor candidates. 

The elections were a huge defeat for Labor, but most of the Lang members had safe working class seats and survived. Ward was narrowly defeated in East Sydney. (He was re-elected at a by-election in 1932). Theodore and Chifley were both defeated, and Federal Labor won only three seats in New South Wales. At the 1934 federal elections Federal Labor won only one seat (Newcastle).

In 1935 John Curtin became the new federal Labor leader. In February 1936 he brought about a reconciliation with the New South Wales Branch. At the 1937 elections Labor ran as a united party in New South Wales.

References
Lang, J. T. (1970). The Turbulent Years, Alpha Books
McMullin, Ross (1991). The Light on the Hill: The Australian Labor Party 1891–1991, OUP

Political parties in Australia
1931 establishments
1930s establishments in Australia
1930s disestablishments in Australia
The Division of Newcastle is a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. The Division is centred around the city of Newcastle, after which it is named.

The Division was one of the original 75 divisions  set up for the first Federal election in 1901. It has been held by the Australian Labor Party since it was created. Labor has never got less than 58 percent of the two-party vote in a general election. It has only come close to losing it once, when it got 53 percent in a 1935 by-election.  It is the only original Division to be held by just one party since the first Federal election.

Members
The Division of Newcastle has had just five members since 1901. This is the fewest of any of the original Divisions.  From 1901 to 1958, the seat was held by the Watkins family. David Oliver took over from his father David in 1935. Allan Morris' brother, Peter was also in the Federal Parliament, representing the Division of Shortland. Charles Jones' brother, Sam, was in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.

Election results
 2013 election result 
 2010 federal election
 2007 federal election
 2004 federal election

References 

Division of Newcastle - Australian Electoral Commission

Other websites
 Sharon Claydon's website

Newcastle
New South Wales
1901 establishments in Australia
Charles the Younger (772 - 4 December 811) was Frankish King of Neustria and Franken. His parents were the Frankish emperor Charlemagne and Hildegard of Swabia.

Kings and queens
772 births
811 deaths
Frankish rulers
Carolingian dynasty
Django Unchained is a 2012 American western movie directed by Quentin Tarantino. It is set in 1858. It stars Jamie Foxx as Django, Christoph Waltz as Dr. King Schultz, and Leonardo DiCaprio as Calvin. This comedy-drama is about the Deep South. There has been controversy related to its subject matter. Django Unchained was released on Christmas 2012 in the United States.

Release dates

Other websites 

2012 drama movies
2010s western movies
American drama movies
American western movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Movies composed by Ennio Morricone
Movies set in Mississippi
Movies featuring a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award-winning performance
Richie Dunn (born May 12, 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a retired hockey player. For most of his career he played for the Buffalo Sabres.

Other websites 

1957 births
Buffalo Sabres players
Calgary Flames players
Hartford Whalers players
Living people
Sportspeople from Boston, Massachusetts
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Ice hockey defencemen
Gabriel Abraham, born on March 22th 1991 in Galaţi, Romania, is a prominent football player, the FC Oţelul Galaţi goalkeeper.

On 2008 he made his debut in FC Oţelul Galaţi. He has been international for Romanian team seven times in inferior categories.

Fotbal Club Oţelul Galaţi is a Romanian football club of Galaţi city. On last decades, the club has participated on League I, the higher division in Romania. It has won the Romanian Football League, the Romanian Football Super Cup and Romanian Football Cup.

Gabriel Abraham won 2010/11 Romanian Football League and 2011 Romanian Football Super Cup.

On 2011, in the C group of the Champions League, his team played against Benfica, Manchester United and Basel.

At the end of 2011, Abraham was transferred to Romanian club Prahova Tomşani.

On summer 2012 he went back to Fotbal Club Oțelul Galați.

Career statistics
 2010-11 Romanian Football League 
 2011 Romanian Football Super Cup

References

Other websites 
 Profile at romaniansoccer.ro 
 Gabriel Abraham profile at Transfermarkt.co.uk

1991 births
Living people
Romanian footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Elizabeth Alice "Ali" MacGraw (born April 1, 1939) is a television and movie actress. She started in movies, but changed to stage and TV acting. She received Golden Globes for Goodbye Columbus and Love Story (the earlier was in 1969, and the latter was released in 1970). Some birthdate sources say that she was born in 1938; others say 1939 or 1940.

MacGraw was born in New York State.

References

1939 births
Living people
Actors from New York
American movie actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
The Division of Shortland is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales. The Division closely follows the Pacific coast. It is a long and narrow shape not more than 10 kms wide. The western boundary is formed by Lake Macquarie. The Division stretches from Charlestown in the north to Norah Head in the south. It includes the towns of Toukley, Doyalson, Swansea, Belmont and Gateshead.

The Division was named after Lieutenant John Shortland. He was an early explorer of the Hunter Valley region. The Division was set up on May 11, 1949, and the first election was the 1949 Federal election. The seat is currently a safe Labor seat.

Members

Peter Morris' brother, Alan Morris was the member for the Division of Newcastle. His son Matthew Morris was a member of the New South Wales Parliament.

Election results
 2013 election results 
 2010 federal election
 2007 federal election
 2004 federal election

References

Division of Shortland - Australian Electoral Commission

Other websites
 Jill Hall's website

Shortland
New South Wales
1949 establishments in Australia
thumb|230px|A Japanese spider crab at the Manila Ocean Park 

The Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira kaempferi) is a species of marine crab, and is the only member in the genus Macrocheira. It is found only in the waters around Japan. The Japanese spider crab has the largest leg span of any arthropod in the world, reaching up to 3.8 meters (12 ft) long, and weighing up to 41 pounds (19 kg).

Description
The Japanese spider crab has the largest leg span of any arthropod in the world, reaching up to 3.8 meters (12 ft) long, and weighing up to 19 kg (41 pounds), but the actual body of the Japanese spider crab is only 38 cm (15 inches) long.  The Japanese spider crab has 8 legs and 2 arms used for feeding.  Each feeding arm is 1.5 meters (5 ft) long.  The Japanese spider crab is different from other crab species because the first pleopods (legs which help them swim, catch food, hold their eggs, and sometimes has gills on it) of the males are twisted, and its larvae are not very complicated organisms unlike other crab species larvae. It is orange in colour, with white spots on its legs. Although the Japanese spider crab has some ferocious appearances, it is actually known to be very gentle towards others.

Habitat and distribution
The Japanese spider crab is found in the Pacific side of the Japanese islands, Konshu and Kyushu, usually at a latitude between 30 and 40 degrees North. They are found usually in the Sagami, Suruga, and Tosa bays, as well as off the coast of the Kii peninsula.  However, a Japanese spider crab was once found as far south as Su-ao, in eastern Taiwan. This is most likely a one time event; it is possible a fishing trawler or extreme weather may have carried this individual much further south than its home range.  The Japanese spider crab is found up to the depths of 2,500 feet (750 meters).

Life cycle
The Japanese spider crab is a scavenger, meaning it feeds mostly on dead animals, but it also feeds on shellfish, opening the shells with its giant claws to feed on them. After molting, these crabs will eat their own shell to get some important nutrients.  It is one of the longest living creatures in the world, living up to 100 years.

References

Crabs
Animals of Japan
Living fossils
Lieutenant John Shortland (1769-1810) was an English naval officer who explored and named the Hunter River in Australia.

Shortland joined the Royal Navy in 1781 as a midshipman. After served in Quebec and the West Indies. His father, Captain John Shortland (1739-1803), was the person in the Navy who organized many of the details for the First Fleet which took the first convicts to Australia in 1788. He arranged for two of his sons, John and Thomas George Shortland (1771 – 1827), to sail with him on the First Fleet. Shortland was the master's mate on HMS Sirius with Captain John Hunter. He was also on the ship when it was wrecked on Norfolk Island in 1790. He left Australia in 1792.

In 1792, Shortland came back to Australia with Hunter. Hunter had been made Governor of New South Wales and Shortland was First Lieutenant on the Reliance. Other officers on the ship were Matthew Flinders and George Bass. In 1797 Shortland found and named the Hunter River while searching for escaped convicts. He explored the area which is now the city of Newcastle. He made the first charts of the harbour. Shortland was given grants of land at Liberty Plains and Bankstown. He also served as a member of the Criminal Court in Sydney. He missed the excitement of navy life and in 1800 he returned to England on the Reliance.

Shortland served in Egypt and then on the Dolphin and the Trompeuse. He went to Guinea and after the death of its captain, became captain of the Squirrel. In 1805 at Halifax he was made captain of the Juno, a captured 40 gun French frigate. In 1809 he made a brave but unsuccessful attack on four French ships. The Juno was destroyed and Shortland died of his wounds. The French buried him with military honours at Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe.

The Newcastle suburb of Shortland, and the Division of Shortland - an electoral division in the Australian parliament were named after him. He was honoured with a postage stamp for the 150th anniversary but the artist made a mistake and it was Shortland's father's image on the stamp.

References

1769 births
1810 deaths
Exploration of Australia
Royal Navy officers
Karla Bonoff (December 27, 1951 in Los Angeles) is an American singer-songwriter. Her songs have been performed by others, including Bonnie Raitt, Linda Ronstadt and Wynonna Judd. Her self-titled debut album was released in 1977. Her cover of "Personally" was in 1982.

Studio albums
 Karla Bonoff (1977)
 Restless Nights (1979)
 Wild Heart of the Young (1982)
 New World (1988)

References

Other websites 

 

Singers from Los Angeles
1951 births
Living people
Singer-songwriters from California
Peterhouse is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It was created in 1284 and is the oldest college. It is also one of the smallest ones, with less than 400 total students.

In 1280, Hugo de Balsham, the person who created the college, was first allowed to keep some students following the same rules of Merton College, Oxford. At first, they stayed where St John's College is now. Four years later, they bought some land near the Church of St Peter in Trumpington Street, where Peterhouse is still found now. Over the years, Peterhouse has been centre of many important events. It was here that many discussions about religion and the Protestant Reformation took place. Peterhouse was also the second building in England to get electricity, after the Palace of Westminster.

Some very important people have studied here. Five of them have won Nobel Prizes:
Max Perutz and John Kendrew - Chemistry (1962) for finding out the first atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography.
Sir Aaron Klug - Chemistry (1982) for developing crystallographic electron microscopy.
Archer Martin - Chemistry (1952) for inventing partition chromatography.
Michael Levitt

Others include:
Henry Cavendish, a scientist who discovered hydrogen
James Clerk Maxwell, a physicist
Eudora Welty, an author and winner of the Pulitzer Prize
Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, who was a Prime Minister of Great Britain

References

Other websites 

Official website

Colleges of the University of Cambridge
1284 establishments
13th-century establishments in England
Oleta Adams (born May 4, 1953) is an American singer and pianist. Adams began her career in the early 1980s. She gained fame  her singing on Tears for Fears's  album The Seeds of Love (1989). Her albums Circle of One (1991) and Evolution (1993) were top 10 hits in the United Kingdom. She was nominated for a Grammy for her cover of Brenda Russell's "Get Here". It was  a top 5 hit in both the UK and the US. Adams has been nominated for four total Grammy Awards and two Soul Train Music Awards.

References

1953 births
Living people
Singers from Seattle, Washington
The Vanishing is a 1993 drama thriller movie. It stars Sandra Bullock, Nancy Travis, Jeff Bridges and Kiefer Sutherland. It is about the abduction and murder of a girl named Diane (played by Bullock). This was directed by George Sluizer, who also directed a 1988 version of The Vanishing. The one released in 1993 got substandard reviews while in theaters.

1993 thriller movies
1993 drama movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by George Sluizer
20th Century Fox movies
Shopian or Shupiyan () is a town and sub-district of the Pulwama District, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Tehsils of Jammu and Kashmir
Melly S. Oitzl (in full: Maria-Silvana Oitzl, born 1955 in Lind/Arnoldstein) is an Austrian neuroscientist studying behavior. She is associate professor of medical pharmacology at the University of Leiden and adjunct professor of cognitive neurobiology (the neurobiology of thinking) at the University of Amsterdam. Oitzl works on the relationships between stress, cognition, and emotion. She got her Ph.D. in 1989 from the Heinrich-Heine-University in Düsseldorf. Oitzl is a member of the board of the  Earth and Life Sciences division of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. This organization had already given her an "Aspasia" grant in 2008. She has been a member of the executive committee and treasurer of the European Brain and Behaviour Society. The Web of Science lists more than 130 articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals written by Oitzl. These have been cited over 5000 times and she has an h-index of 33.

References 

Neuroscientists
1955 births
Austrian scientists
Living people
Pharmacologists
A chronicle (, from Greek , from , chronos, "time") is an account of historical events, arranged in order from earliest to latest. A chronicle is different from a narrative or history, as events which are not believed to be important may be excluded from the latter; a chronicler is more concerned with documenting events in sequential order.

The Nuremberg Chronicle, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Ecclesiastical History of the English People, are the most famous chronicles. 

History