cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
James Robert Jarmusch (; born January 22, 1953) is an American movie director, screenwriter, actor, producer, editor, and composer. He directed Stranger Than Paradise (1984), Down by Law (1986), Mystery Train (1989), Dead Man (1995), Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (1999), Coffee and Cigarettes (2003), Broken Flowers (2005), Only Lovers Left Alive (2013), and Paterson (2016).

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 Jim Jarmusch at the Senses of Cinema Great Directors critical database
 The Jim Jarmusch Resource Page, curated by Jarmusch scholar Ludvig Hertzberg
 Limited Control, Hertzberg's companion blog
 It's a sad and beautiful world
 The films of Jim Jarmusch, Hell Is For Hyphenates, May 31, 2014

1953 births
Living people
American composers
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
Musicians from New York City
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Actors from Akron, Ohio
Writers from Akron, Ohio
Musicians from Akron, Ohio
Movie directors from Ohio
Movie producers from Ohio
Screenwriters from Ohio
Independence Day is a holiday in India. It has been celebrated every year on 15 August since 15 August 1947. On that date, British India became an independent country, the Dominion of India. (The Dominion of India became today's Republic of India in 1950, on Republic Day.)

Mahatma Gandhi is one of those who served the country as a father and so he is called the father of the nation. Many times our freedom fighters were beaten and sent behind bars but they did not lose their confidence to fight for Indian Independence.

Apart from Gandhiji, Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel, Dr Rajendra Prsad, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and many others had to face the exploitation of Britishers. After a lot of struggles and difficulties, we got freedom from British rule.

August events
British India
Indian culture
History of India
Holidays
Indian independence movement
Politics of India
Bonvillars is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Bretonnières is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Bullet is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Grandevent is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Fiez is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Giez is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 

Municipalities of Vaud
Sergey is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Mauborget is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Suchy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Mutrux is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Anastasia Yuryevna Zavorotnyuk (; born April 3, 1971) is a Russian actress and television presenter. She was known for her role in the My Fair Nanny television show. Zavorotnyuk was born in Astrakhan, Russia. 

In 2018, Zavorotnyul was diagnosed with glioblastoma. 

On 13 September 2019, Zavorotnyuk was hospitalized for multiple organ failure and was in a coma. The next day, her cancer treatment stopped and was placed on a ventilator.

References

Other websites

1971 births
Living people
People with cancer
Russian movie actors
Russian television actors
Russian stage actors
Jean-Claude Narcy (born 16 January 1938) is a French journalist and news anchor. He has presented the daily news in the evening and at night on TF1. Narcy was born in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France. Narcy was named Commander of the Legion of Honor in 2009.

References

1938 births
Living people
French journalists
French television presenters
People from Centre-Val de Loire
Carl "The Cuban" Ruiz (April 4, 1975 – September 21, 2019) was a Cuban-American restaurant-owner and celebrity chef. He was born in Passaic, New Jersey. Ruiz was best known as a judge on many cooking competition shows on Food Network in the United States. He was also known for working with Guy Fieri and was a judge on his shows, including Guy's Grocery Games and Guy's Ranch Kitchen.

Ruiz died in his sleep on September 21, 2019, of a suspected heart attack while visiting friends in Maryland, aged 44.

References

1975 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cuban people
American chefs
People from Passaic, New Jersey
Television personalities from New Jersey
In international relations, a power bloc is an association of groups, especially nations, having a common interest and acting as a single political force.

Diplomacy
History of international relations
International relations
Politics
Günter Kunert (; 6 March 1929 – 21 September 2019) was a German writer and political commentator. Born in Berlin, he left the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) to live in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). He joined the main political party of East Germany, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in 1948.

A poet, Kunert also wrote short stories, essays, autobiographical works, aphorisms, satires, fairy tales, science fiction, radio plays, speeches, travel writing, movie scripts, a novel, and a drama.

In the 1970s, he was a writing lecturer at the University of Texas at Austin. In 2009, Kunert won the America Award in Literature.

Life 
Kunert was born in Berlin. Kunert died in Kaisborstel on 21 September 2019 at the age of 90.

Awards 
Kunert was an honorary doctor of several universities in Italy and the United States. He was awarded the Heinrich Heine Prize of Düsseldorf in 1985, the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2012 and the Kunstpreis of Schleswig-Holstein in 2014.

References

Other websites

 
 
 

1929 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
German poets
Political commentators
Writers from Berlin
Mack may refer to:

Businesses
Mack Trucks, an American truck company
Mack Group, an American corporation providing contract manufacturing
Mack Brewery, a Norwegian brewery
Mack Rides, a German ride manufacturer
Mack Air, a Botswana air charter line
Mack (publishing), an art and photography publishing house based in London

People
Mack (given name)
Mack (surname)
Reinhold Mack, German record producer and sound engineer, often credited as simply "Mack"
Richard Machowicz (1965–2017), host of FutureWeapons and Deadliest Warrior, known as "Mack"
Lee Mack (born 1968), comedian and star of Not Going Out and team captain on Would I Lie to You?

Places

United States 
Mack, Colorado, an unincorporated town
Mack, Louisiana, an unincorporated community
Mack, Minnesota, an unincorporated town
Mack, Ohio, a census-designated place

Bahamas 
Mack Town

Other uses
USS Mack (DE-358), a destroyer escort which served in World War II
Mack (ship), in naval architecture, a structure combining a ship's radar masts and funnels
The Mack, a 1973 blaxploitation movie
Mack Park, original home field of the Detroit Stars Negro National League baseball franchise
9/11 is a 2002 documentary about the September 11 attacks in New York, where two planes crashed into the buildings of the World Trade Center. The movie was directed by Jules and Gédéon Naudet and James Hanlon.

Other websites 

American documentary movies
2002 movies
Movies based on the September 11 attacks
Alberto Ángel Fernández (born 2 April 1959) is an Argentine lawyer and politician. Fernández is the 57th President of Argentina since 2019. He was the Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers during Néstor Kirchner's presidency, and the early months of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner's. His tenure as Cabinet Chief from 2003 to 2008 remains the longest since the post was created in 1994.

In May 2019, Fernández announced his candidacy for president for the 2019 election. He won the election in October 2019 beating incumbent Mauricio Macri.

References

1959 births
Living people
Presidents of Argentina
Current national leaders
Argentine lawyers
People from Buenos Aires
Roberto Lavagna (born 24 March 1942) is an Argentine economist and politician. He was Minister of Economy and Production from April 27, 2002 until November 28, 2005.

References

1942 births
Living people
Argentine politicians
Argentine economists
People from Buenos Aires
Eduardo Alberto Duhalde (; born 5 October 1941) is an Argentine politician. He was the President of Argentina from 2002 to 2003. He also was the Vice President between 1989 to 1991 during the Carlos Menem presidency.

References

Presidents of Argentina
Vice Presidents of Argentina
1941 births
Living people
Louisiana () or French Louisiana was an administrative district of New France. It was under French control 1682 to 1762 and 1801 (nominally) to 1803 when France sold it in the Louisiana Purchase. The area was named after King Louis XIV by French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. The area included most of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River, and it went from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, and it went from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains.

Louisiana included two regions. These regions are now known as Upper Louisiana (), which began north of the Arkansas River, and Lower Louisiana (). Most of the French people in Upper Louisiana came from Canada.

The U.S. state of Louisiana is named for the historical region. Although it is only a small part of the vast lands claimed by France.

References

Other websites
 Site du ministère de la culture française: La Louisiane française (1682–1803)
 Bibliothèque Nationale de France: La France en Amérique
 Archives Canada-France: Nouvelle-France. Histoire d'une terre française en Amérique
 Site personnel de Jean-Pierre Pazzoni: Histoire de la Louisiane française
 Site de l'association France-Louisiane: Louisiane française. Entretien avec Bernard Lugan
 Hérodote: 9 avril 1682, Cavelier de la Salle baptise la Louisiane
 University of Laval: 30 avril 1803: traité d'achat de la Louisiane 
Museum of the State of Louisiana
Fort Rosalie, Mississippi
New France: 1524–1763
History of New Orleans

Louisiana
History of the United States
History of France
1682 establishments
1680s establishments in North America
17th-century establishments in France
1763
1760s disestablishments
Disestablishments in North America
1802 establishments in North America
19th-century establishments in France
1804 disestablishments
Disestablishments in France
19th-century disestablishments in the United States
Louisiana () was an administrative district of the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1763 to 1801. It included the area west of the Mississippi River basin, plus New Orleans. Spain got the territory from France, which had named it La Louisiane after King Louis XIV in 1682. It is sometimes called Spanish Louisiana. The district was given back to France, under the terms of the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso (1800) and the Treaty of Aranjuez (1801). In 1802, King Charles IV of Spain wrote a royal bill on 14 October. This changed the transfer and outlined the conditions.

However, Spain agreed to still run the colony until French officials came and made the transfer official (1803). The ceremony happened at the Cabildo in New Orleans on 30 November 1803. This was just three weeks before the formalities of cession from France to the United States pursuant to the Louisiana Purchase.

Louisiana
1763 establishments
18th-century establishments in Spain
1802
19th-century disestablishments in North America
18th-century establishments in North America
1800s disestablishments
19th-century disestablishments in the United States
History of Louisiana
History of Missouri
History of Arkansas
History of Iowa
History of Nebraska
History of Kansas
History of Minnesota
History of Colorado
History of South Dakota
History of North Dakota
History of Montana
History of Wyoming
The Treaty of Aranjuez (1801) was signed on 21 March 1801 by France and Spain. It confirmed the terms of the secret Third Treaty of San Ildefonso dated 1 October 1800. That treaty said Spain would give its North American colony of Spanish Louisiana for territories in Tuscany.

19th-century treaties
19th century in France
19th century in Spain
Chamblon is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Champagne is a municipality of the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Baxter Springs is a city in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. It is along the Spring River. In 2010 census, 4,238 people lived there. It is the biggest city in Cherokee County.

History
One of the largest Osage bands was led by Chief Black Dog (Manka - Chonka). His men finished what became known as the Black Dog Trail by 1803. It started from their winter territory. This territory was east of Baxter Springs, and it went southwest to their summer hunting area at the Great Salt Plains in present-day Alfalfa County, Oklahoma. The Osage regularly stopped at the springs for healing on their way to summer hunting area. They made the trail by clearing it of brush and big rocks. They built ramps from the ground to the fords. The trail was the first improved road in Kansas and Oklahoma. It was big enough for eight horsemen to be riding side-by-side.

Geography
Baxter Springs is at  (37.023062, -94.734762).

The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

People

2010 census
The census of 2010 says that there were 4,238 people, 1,754 households, and 1,151 families living in Baxter Springs.

References

Other websites

City
 City of Baxter Springs
 Baxter Springs - Directory of Public Officials
 Baxter Springs Heritage Center and Museum 
Schools
 USD 508, local school district
Maps
 Baxter Springs City Map, KDOT

Cities in Cherokee County, Kansas
1868 establishments in Kansas
Champvent is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The former municipalities of Essert-sous-Champvent and Villars-sous-Champvent merged on 1 January 2012 into Champvent.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Chanéaz was a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the municipalities of Chanéaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire.

References

Other websites 
 

Former municipalities of Vaud
The 1896 United States presidential election was the 28th presidential election in the United States. It happened on Tuesday, November 3, 1896. Former Governor William McKinley, the Republican candidate, defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan. The 1896 campaign happened during an economic depression called the Panic of 1893. The election is considered to mark the change from the "Third Party System" to the "Fourth Party System".

References

Other websites

 
 Presidential Election of 1896: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
 1896 popular vote by counties
 How close was the 1896 election? — Michael Sheppard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
 McKinley & Hobart campaign handkerchief in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database
 Election of 1896 in Counting the Votes 

United States presidential elections
Chavannes-le-Chêne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Rovray is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is in the Jura-Nord vaudois district. On 1 January 2005 the former municipality of Arrissoules merged into the municipality of Rovray, which kept the name Rovray.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
The Odawa (also Ottawa or Odaawaa ), which means "traders", are an Indigenous American ethnic group. They mostly live in land in the northern United States and southern Canada. They have had territory that crosses the current border between the United States and Canada, and they are federally recognized as Native American tribes in the United States. They have numerous recognized First Nations bands in Canada. They are one of the Anishinaabeg, related to but different from the Ojibwe and Potawatomi peoples.

References

Other websites

"Ottawa History" Shultzman, L. (2000). First Nations Histories. 
Frederick Webb Hodge, "Ottawa", Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, Vol. N-Z, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1910, pp. 167–172, full text online
"The Middle Woodland Period", The Archaeology of Ontario
Odawa at The Canadian Encyclopedia
Odawa – First Nations seeker
Odawa – Word finder

Official Tribal Websites
Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians
Little River Band of Ottawa Indians
Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma

Native American people
Valeyres-sous-Montagny is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
L'Abbaye is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the Vallée de Joux. Its name is from Lac de Joux Abbey, a Premonstratensian monastery.

Geography 

L'Abbaye is located on the eastern shore of the Lac de Joux at an elevation of between  and . It is at the heart of the Vallée de Joux in the Jura. It includes also the villages of Les Bioux and Le Pont.

The municipality was part of the La Vallée District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and L'Abbaye became part of the new district of Jura-Nord vaudois.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the municipality of L'Abbaye 
 Aerial views of the municipality of L'Abbaye
 Vallée de Joux 
 
 
 

Municipalities of Vaud
The Zhuang people (; ) are a Kra-Dai speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. With the Buyi, Tay–Nùng, and other northern Tai speakers, they are sometimes known as the Rau or Rao. Their population, estimated at 18 million people, makes them the largest minority in China.

References

Citations

Sources 

 Barlow, J. (2005). The Zhuang: A Longitudinal Study of Their History and Their Culture. https://web.archive.org/web/20070206210848/http://mcel.pacificu.edu/as/resources/ZHUANG/index.html
 Wang Mingfu, Eric Johnson (2008). Zhuang Cultural and Linguistic Heritage. The Nationalities Publishing House of Yunnan. .
A Senior City Police Officer Pursues His Roots In China, By Marvine Howe, New York Times, November 14, 1985.

Further reading

Other websites 

 The Zhuang: A Longitudinal Study of Their History and Their Culture, by Jeffrey Barlow
 
 Map share of ethnic by county of China 

Ethnic groups in China
Henry Leavenworth (December 10, 1783 – July 21, 1834) was an American soldier. He was active in the War of 1812 and early military actions against the Plains Indians. He created Fort Leavenworth in Kansas. Leavenworth, Kansas, Leavenworth County, Kansas, and the Leavenworth Penitentiary are named after him.

References

Other websites
 1st Dragoons 

1783 births
1834 deaths
American military people
19th-century American politicians
People from New Haven, Connecticut
Politicians from Connecticut
The Ojibwe, Ojibwa, Chippewa, or Saulteaux are an Anishinaabe people of Canada and the United States. They are one of the biggest indigenous peoples north of the Rio Grande. In Canada, they are the second-biggest First Nations group. The only group bigger are the Cree. In the United States, they have the fifth-biggest number of people among Native American peoples. The only groups bigger are the Navajo, Cherokee, Choctaw and Sioux. 

Most of the Ojibwe people live in the United States. There are 77,940 mainline Ojibwe; 76,760 Saulteaux; and 8,770 Mississauga, organized in 125 bands. They live from western Quebec to eastern British Columbia. , the US census says that there are 170,742 Ojibwe people.

References

Other websites

 Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission
 Chief Buffalo and Benjamin Armstrong
 Ojibwe culture and history, a lengthy and detailed discussion
 Kevin L. Callahan's An Introduction to Ojibway Culture and History
 Ojibwe Song Pictures, recorded by Frances Desmore
 Ojibwe People's Dictionary
 Ojibwa migration through Manitoba
 Wiigwaasi-Jiimaan: These Canoes Carry Culture—Short documentary featuring the building of an Anishinaabe-Ojibwe birchbark canoe in Wisconsin.
 Nindoodemag: The Significance of Algonquian Kinship Networks in the Eastern Great Lakes Region, 1600–1701
 Ojibwe Waasa-Inaabidaa—PBS documentary featuring the history and culture of the Anishinaabe-Ojibwe people of the Great Lakes (United States-focused).
 Ojibwe migratory map from Ojibwe Waasa-Inaabidaa
 Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Chippewa
 1836 Chippewa-Ottawa Resource Authority
 Grand Council of Treaty #3
 Batchewana First Nation of Ojibways
 Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
 Mississaugi First Nation
 Southeast Tribal Council
 Wabun Tribal Council
 Ojibwe Stories: Gaganoonididaa from the Public Radio Exchange

Native American people
Squatting is when someone starts living on empty land or in an empty building (usually a residential building) which the squatter does not own, rent or have permission to use. Author Robert Neuwirth suggested in 2004 that there were one billion squatters in the world.

Most squatting is residential. Squatting usually happens when a poor and homeless population sees old property or land.

Freetown Christiania is enough popular place for squatters.

By Country

United States
In the United States, squatting laws are different from state to state and city to city. For the most part, it is not tolerated for long, especially in cities.

Community organizations have helped the homeless to take over empty buildings. It is done not only to change the building to be a place to live but also a part of bigger campaign to let people know about inequality in housing. They also do it to help get  change in housing and land issues.

References

Other websites

 Radical agenda
 Special issue of Mute Magazine on global slums

Crime
Harry Joseph Flynn (May 2, 1933 – September 22, 2019) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop Emeritus of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis from September 8, 1995 to May 2, 2008, when his resignation was accepted by  Pope Benedict XVI. He was born in Schenectady, New York.

Flynn died on September 22, 2019 from bone cancer in Saint Paul, Minnesota at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis Official Site
Brief biography from the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis

1933 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from bone cancer
American Roman Catholics
People from Schenectady, New York
People from Minneapolis, Minnesota
People from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Alfred Alvarez (5 August 1929 – 23 September 2019) was an English poet, novelist, essayist and critic. He published under the name A. Alvarez and Al Alvarez. He was best known for his 1962 poetry anthology The New Poetry.

Death
Alvarez died of pneumonia on 23 September 2019 in London at the age of 90.

Selected works
 The Shaping Spirit (1958)
 The School of Donne (1961)
 The New Poetry (1962)
 Under Pressure (1965)
 Beyond All This Fiddle (1968)
 The Savage God (1972)
 Beckett (Fontana Modern Masters, 1973)
 Hers (1974)
 Hunt (1979)
 Life After Marriage (1982)
 The Biggest Game in Town (1983)
 Feeding the Rat (1989)
 Day of Atonement (1991)
 Night (1995)
 Where Did It All Go Right? (1999)
 Poker: Bets, Bluffs, and Bad Beats (2001)
 New & Selected Poems (2002)
 The Writer's Voice (2005)
 Risky Business (2007)
 Pondlife (2013)

References

Other websites
 Book Review of 'The Biggest Game In Town'

1929 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in London
English poets
English novelists
English essayists
Critics
English autobiographers
Writers from London
Leonard Hubert "Lennie" Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann, PC, GBS (born 8 May 1934) is a retired senior South African-British judge. He was a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary from 1995 to 2009.

References

1934 births
Living people
British politicians
South African politicians
British judges
People from Cape Town
James Arthur David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead,  (born 27 June 1938) is a retired Scottish judge. He was the first Deputy President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2013. He was on the Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. 

In 2015, he became the Convenor of the Crossbench peers in the House of Lords.

References

1938 births
Living people
Scottish people
Scottish judges
Brenda Marjorie Hale, Baroness Hale of Richmond , known as Lady Hale (born 31 January 1945), is a British judge. She was President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2017 to 2020.

In 2004, she joined the House of Lords as a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. She is the only woman to have been appointed to this position.

References

1945 births
Living people
British lawyers
British judges
Politicians from Yorkshire
Women judges
Curt Wittlin (13 April 1941 – 23 September 2019) was a Swiss philologist. He was an expert of medieval Catalan language and literature. In 1997 he became a member of the Institute of Catalan Studies and from 1990 to 1993 he was president of the North American Catalan Society.

Wittlin was born in Basel, Switzerland. He died on 23 September 2019 in Tortosa, Spain at the age of 78.

Works
 Lo llibre de les dones d'Eiximenis (1980) with F. Naccarato
 Repertori d'expressions multinominals i de grups de sinònims en traduccions catalanes antigues (Lluis Nicolau d'Olwer price, 1989)
 La geometria secreta del tapís de Girona in Revista de Girona, 1991
 De la traducció literal a la creació literària (Serra d'Or prize 1996)
 Entorn de les edicions de textos medievals in Estudis Romànics, 2004

References

Other websites
  Biography in the University of Saskatchewan website.
   Wittlin's works
  Article about Wittlin in the Great Catalan Encyclopedia

1941 births
2019 deaths
Swiss writers
Swiss educators
Linguists
People from Basel
Many metals, particularly heavy metals are toxic, but some heavy metals are essential, and some, such as bismuth, have a low toxicity. Most often the definition of toxic metals includes at least cadmium, manganese, lead, mercuryand the radioactive metals.These are quite harmful and hazardous.

Harmful effects of metals:

The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic. These metals have been extensively studied and their effects on human health regularly reviewed by international bodies such as the WHO. Heavy metals have been used by humans for thousands of years.

Heavy Metal Poisoning

Heavy metal poisoning is the accumulation of heavy metals, in toxic amounts, in the soft tissues of the body. ... The heavy metals most commonly associated with poisoning of humans are lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium.

How do you know if you have heavy metals in your body?

 diarrhea.
 nausea.
 abdominal pain.
 vomiting.
 shortness of breath.
 tingling in your hands and feet.
 chills.
 weakness. Note- It is not necessary that all people who have these problems must be having heavy metal poisoning.
Phillip Duane Hardberger (born July 27, 1934) is an American politician, lawyer, and jurist. He was Mayor of San Antonio, Texas from 2005 through 2009. He is a Democrat, but he was elected on a non-partisan ballot.

References

1934 births
Living people
Mayors of San Antonio
US Democratic Party politicians
Ronald Adrian Nirenberg (born April 11, 1977) is an American politician. He is the Mayor of San Antonio, Texas since 2017. He was a member of the San Antonio City Council for District 8 for two terms.  He was sworn into office on June 21, 2017.

References

1977 births
Living people
Mayors of San Antonio
Independent politicians in the United States
Politicians from Boston, Massachusetts
Red Bay Castle () is located in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on a piece of land projecting into the sea north of Glenariff located on the road to Cushendall.

History
It was built by the Bissett family in the 13th century on the site of an earlier motte-and-bailey outpost of the Kingdom of Dál Riata. The Bissett family were stripped of their lands in Scotland and fled for their lives to Ireland after Walter de Bisset was accused of the murder of Patrick, Earl of Atholl, at Haddington, East Lothian in 1242. King Henry III of England granted Bisset large possessions in the Barony of Glenarm, Ireland.

John Mor MacDonald 1st of Dunnyveg married Margery Bissett of the Glens of Antrim, and acquired as a result the castle of Red Bay. His descendants known as the MacDonnells of Antrim extended and rebuilt the castle in the 16th century. In 1565, the castle was burned to the ground by Shane O'Neill, chief of the O'Neills of Tyrone; it was rebuilt by Sorley Boy MacDonnell, however later fell into disrepair.

In 1604 the castle was restored and was later destroyed by Oliver Cromwell in 1652 during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.

References

Castles in Northern Ireland
County Antrim
Cheseaux-Noréaz is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Juriens is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Australia is a name used in geography for the region made up of Australia, Polynesia, Melanesia, and several other island nations in the surrounding area. It is often listed as one of the continents of the world.

The term "Australia" does not have one single agreed definition. The widest definition of Australia includes the entire region between continental Asia and the Americas, including Australasia, as well as islands in the Pacific Rim such as the Japanese archipelago, Taiwan, and the Aleutian islands.

On the other hand, the Australia ecozone includes all of Micronesia, Fiji, and all of Polynesia except New Zealand. Sometimes, people use the term 'Australia' to include only the Polynesian and Melanesian islands in the Pacific Ocean, as separate from Australasia. When Australia is treated seperately from Australia, the region of Australia is referred to as "Australia and Australia".

In the United Nations' geographic regions, Australia includes Australia and the nations of the Pacific from Papua New Guinea east, but not the Malay Archipelago or Indonesian New Guinea.

A smaller usage of Australia as a continent includes only Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea, and the islands between them. This part of the world is usually called Australasia instead. For these reasons, it is not correct to say that Australasia is part of Australia, because what is meant by 'Australia' is not clear. Australasia has an exact definition in biogeography and geology; Australasia includes New Zealand, Australia (including Tasmania), and Melanesia, New Guinea, and the islands just north and east of Australia. All these are south-east of the Bali–Lombok line, also known as the Wallace Line.

References

 

Oceania
Elaine Feinstein (born as Elaine Coolin; 24 October 1930 – 23 September 2019) was an English poet, novelist, short-story writer, playwright, biographer and translator. She was born in Bootle, Lancashire.

She wrote 14 novels, many radio plays, television dramas and five biographies, including A Captive Lion: the Life of Marina Tsvetaeva (1987) and Pushkin (1998). Ted Hughes: The Life of a Poet (2001) was shortlisted for the biennial Marsh Biography Prize. 

Feinstein died on 23 September 2019 at the age of 88.

Books
Bessie Smith: Lives of Modern Women Series  Penguin/Viking
A Captive Lion: The Life of Marina Tsvetayeva  Hutchinson, 1987
Lawrence's Women  HarperCollins, London, 1993; Lawrence and The Women  New York, 1993
Pushkin  Weidenfeld & Nicolson; Ecco, U.S, 1998
The Russian Jerusalem
Ted Hughes: The Life of a Poet Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2001
Anna of all the Russias: A Life of Anna Akhmatova  Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005; Knopf, 2006
It Goes With The Territory: Memoirs of a Poet  Alma Books, 2013

References

Other websites
Podcast interview with Elaine Feinstein at the Aldeburgh Poetry Festival
"Elaine Feinstein – Talking to the Dead", 7 May 2007. BBC Woman's Hour (audio 9 min)] "Elaine Feinstein", Tuesday 2 July 2002]
"She Means It When She Rhymes: Marina Tsvetaeva: Selected Poems" .  Review from Thumbscrew. No 17 – Winter 2000/1

1930 births
2019 deaths
English poets
English novelists
English playwrights
British translators
Writers from Lancashire
Cronay is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Thomas Ewing Jr. (August 7, 1829 – January 21, 1896) was an attorney, the first chief justice of Kansas and leading free state advocate, Union Army general during the American Civil War, and two-term United States Congressman from Ohio, 1877–1881. He barely lost the 1880 campaign for Ohio Governor.

Civil War
Ewing was responsible for General Order № 11. The Order was issued in response to William Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas, where 450 raiders shot and killed 150 men and boys.

References

1829 births
1896 deaths
Bleeding Kansas
American Civil War generals
19th-century American politicians
The District of Louisiana, or Louisiana District, was an official, temporary, United States government designation for the part of the Louisiana Purchase that had not been organized into the Orleans Territory. It officially existed from March 10, 1804, until July 4, 1805, when it was incorporated as the Louisiana Territory.

On March 3, 1805, Congress passed a bill that organized the District of Louisiana into the Louisiana Territory. It started on July 4, 1805. The territorial government was organized in a way similar to the Indiana Territory.

References

Louisiana
Concise is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Cuarny is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) was the name given by the Roosevelt Administration to the Emergency Relief Administration (ERA). President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had created it in 1933. FERA was created from the Federal Emergency Relief Act. In 1935, it was replaced by the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

From May 1933 until December 1935, FERA gave states and cities $3.1 billion (the equivalent of $55.4 billion in 2017). FERA provided work for over 20 million people and developed facilities on public lands across the country.

References

Other websites

FERA Program description
University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Federal Emergency Relief Administration Photographs Essay on the program and images documenting the Federal Emergency Relief Administration program in King County, Washington, 1933-35.
 ERA and FERA in Utah
 Complete List of New Deal Communities, of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, the Resettlement Administration, and the Division of Subsistence Homesteads, from the National New Deal Preservation Association

New Deal
1933 establishments in the United States
1935 disestablishments
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was a United States federal law of the New Deal era. it was designed to raise agricultural prices by having fewer surpluses. The Government bought livestock to kill, and they paid farmers subsidies not to plant on part of their land. The money for these subsidies was generated through a tax on companies which processed farm products. The Act created a new agency, the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies.

References

Other websites

 Bill in its entirety
 http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1639.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20080409194401/http://newdeal.feri.org/texts/browse.cfm?MainCatID=34
 Public Law 73-10, 73d Congress, H.R. 3835, Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933
 A Message from FDR to Congress on the AAA
 

New Deal
Croy is a municipality in the Jura-Nord vaudois district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Démoret is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Donneloye is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 11 March 2007, the community decided to merge their municipality with those of the neighbouring Gossens and Mézery-près-Donneloye municipalities, with effect from 1 January 2008. On 1 January 2012 the former municipality of Prahins merged into Donneloye.

References

Other websites 

 Official Homepage of Donneloye 
 Donneloye Castle photos and article

Municipalities of Vaud
Black bean may refer to a number of edible seeds:

 Black turtle bean, a variety of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Latin American cuisine
 Black soybean, in East Asian cuisine
 Black bean sauce, fermented black soybeans in Chinese cuisine
 Black adzuki bean, a variety of adzuki bean in Korean cuisine
 Black gram (vigna mungo), a variety of gram (lentil) in South Asian cuisine

Black bean may also refer to:

Castanospermum australe (Moreton Bay Chestnut), a tree with poisonous seeds
Black Bean Games, an Italian video game publisher
Karen Lorraine Jacqueline "Jackie" Speier (born May 14, 1950) is an American politician. She is a United States Representative for the California 14th congressional district.

Speier is a former member of the California State Senate. She was elected to that office on April 8, 2008. She represented parts of San Francisco and San Mateo counties.

Speier was shot five times in 1978 while she worked with Leo Ryan. Unfortunately, Ryan was killed; this was during the Jonestown massacre.

Speier ran in the Democratic primary for the Lieutenant Governor of California against the insurance commissioner John Garamendi. However, the latter won the race. Garamendi got 42.5% of the vote. Speier got 39.7% of the vote.

Speier supports abortion, same sex marriage and LGBT rights. She is a member of the United States Democratic Party.

Speier endorsed Hillary Clinton for President of the United States.

Speier was born in San Francisco, California.

References

Other websites

US Democratic Party politicians
Politicians from San Francisco
1950 births
Living people
United States representatives from California
The Kaskaskia were one of the Native American tribes of the Northeastern Woodlands. They were one of about a dozen cognate tribes that made up the Illiniwek Confederation (also called the Illinois Confederation). They mostly lived in the Great Lakes region. Their first contact with Europeans happened in 1667 near present-day Green Bay, Wisconsin at a Jesuit mission station.

The descendants of the Kaskaskia, along with the Wea and Piankeshaw, are in the Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. That means they are a federally recognized tribe in Oklahoma.

References

Other websites
 Kaskaskia entry in the Catholic Encyclopedia
Lenville J. Stelle, Inoca Ethnohistory Project: Eye Witness Descriptions of the Contact Generation, 1667 - 1700

Native American people
The Otoe (Chiwere: Jiwére) are a Native American people of the Midwestern United States. The Otoe language, Chiwere, is part of the Siouan family, and it is related to that of the Iowa and Missouri tribes.

Historically, the Otoe Tribe lived as a semi-nomadic people on the Central Plains along the bank of the Missouri River in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa and Missouri. They lived in elm-bark houses while they farmed. They used tipis when they traveled, like many other Plains tribes. They often left their villages to hunt buffalo.

References

Other websites

Native American people
The Kickapoo People (Kickapoo: Kiikaapoa or Kiikaapoi) are an Algonquian-speaking Native American and Indigenous Mexican tribe. Anishinaabeg say the name "Kickapoo" (Giiwigaabaw in the Anishinaabe language and its Kickapoo cognate Kiwikapawa) means "Stands here and there." This may have referred to the tribe often moving around.  The name can also mean "wanderer".

There are three federally recognized Kickapoo tribes in the United States: Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation in Kansas, the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, and the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. The Oklahoma and Texas bands are politically linked with each other. The Kickapoo in Kansas came from them being moved from southern Missouri in 1832 as a land exchange from their reservation there. Around 3,000 people are tribal members.

References

Other websites
 Kickapoo Tribe of Kansas, official website
 Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, official website
 Kickapoo language, alphabet and pronunciation
 Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas, official website
 Matthew R. Garrett, Kickapoo Foreign Policy, 1650–1830,  PhD dissertation, University of Nebraska, 2006, at Digital Commons
Kickapoo Reservation, Kansas and Kickapoo Reservation, Texas  United States Census Bureau
 "First Nations: Kickapoo", Lee Sultzman Tolatsga]

Native American people
The Sac or Sauk are a group of Native Americans of the Eastern Woodlands culture group. They lived mostly in the region of what is now Green Bay, Wisconsin. This was when they were first met by the French in 1667.

They have three federally recognized tribes, together with the Meskwaki (Fox), in Iowa, Oklahoma and Kansas.

Other websites
 Official Site of the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa/Meskwaki Nation - the Meskwaki
 Official Site of the Sac and Fox Nation (of Oklahoma) - the Thakiwaki or Sa ki wa ki
 Official Site of the Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska - the Ne ma ha ha ki 
General information to Sac and Fox
Sauk Language, Sac and Fox Nation

Native American people
The Piankeshaw, Piankashaw or Pianguichia Indigenous Peoples are Native Americans and members of the Miami Indians. They lived away from the rest of the Miami nation, therefore they were known as Peeyankihšiaki ("splitting off" from the others, Sing.: Peeyankihšia - "Piankeshaw Person"). They live in an area that now includes western Indiana and Ohio. They are closely allied with the Wea Indians. Piankeshaw villages have been found along the White River in central Indiana, and along the Vermilion River in Illinois, near Ouiatenon.  The Piankashaw were living along the Vermilion river in 1743.

References

Other websites
Ohio History Central - Piankashaw Indians
1818 Treaty

Native American people
Ingrid Johansen Aune (Stavanger, October 19, 1985-Namsos, August 1, 2019) was a Norwegian politician and politologist, mayor of the city of Malvik since 2015. She earned a degree in International Relations and Economics from the University of Oslo in 2010, later completing her studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States.

She died on August 1, 2019 in a boat accident on the outskirts of Namsos. She was 33 years old.

References
Ependes is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Essert-sous-Champvent was a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012 the former municipalities of Essert-sous-Champvent and Villars-sous-Champvent became part of the municipality called Champvent.

References 

2010s disestablishments in Switzerland
2012 disestablishments in Europe
Former municipalities of Vaud
Orbe is a small town in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It was the capital of the former district of Orbe and is now part of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois. The town lies on the river of the same name and has about 6,000 people.

The town has a coffee factory owned by Nestlé, a marionette museum, Roman ruins, and a late-Gothic church.

References

Other websites 

  
 Switzerland Tourism information
 
 
 
 Orbe-Boscéaz (timetable of the Gallo-Roman villa)
 Fondation Pro Urba

Municipalities of Vaud
Cities in Switzerland
Fontaines-sur-Grandson is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
L'Abergement is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Vaud
Grandson is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 
 
 

Municipalities of Vaud
Cities in Switzerland
La Praz is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Les Clées is a municipality in the district Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Municipalities of Vaud
Cities in Switzerland
An impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump began on September 24, 2019, when Nancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, announced in a televised speech the beginning of a formal impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States. 

It began after President Trump and his personal attorney Rudy Giuliani repeatedly wanted the Ukrainian government to investigate Hunter Biden, the son of former vice president and 2020 presidential candidate Joe Biden, in what was seen as an attempt to hurt Biden's candidacy for president and for Trump to gain advantages in the 2020 election.

In July prior to the phone call with Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky, Trump stopped military aid to Ukraine; he released the hold in September.

Further revelations have been revealed, including; President Trump claiming to Russian officials in 2017 that he was unconcerned with Russian interference in the 2016 United States presidential election, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo participating in the phone call to the Ukrainian President despite not being present in the released memo from the Trump Administration, as well as President Trump also pressuring Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison in a phone call to investigate the origins of the Mueller Report in an attempt to discredit it. 

On October 28, 2019, Speaker Pelosi announced she would hold a floor vote on a resolution to formally establish the procedures for the impeachment hearings. On October 31, 2019, the House voted 232–196 to create procedures for public hearings.

The inquiry ended on December 3. On December 5, Nancy Pelosi asked the Judiciary Committee to draft articles of impeachment against President Trump. On December 16, the House Judiciary Committee released a report specifying criminal bribery and wire fraud charges as part of the abuse of power charge. The house voted to impeach Trump on December 18, 2019. On February 5, 2020 the Senate acquitted Trump on both count.  The votes were 52-48 to acquit on the first count and 53-47 to acquit on the second count.

References

Donald Trump
2019 in the United States
September 2019 events
October 2019 events
November 2019 events
December 2019 events