cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski (July 3, 1932 – June 21, 2015) was a East German politician and trader. He was born in Berlin. He was director of a main department ('Hauptverwaltungsleiter') in the Ministry for Foreign Trade and German Domestic Trade (1956–62), the Deputy Minister for External Trade (1967–75), and head of the GDR's Kommerzielle Koordinierung (KoKo, 1966–86). He was also a Stasi colonel.

Other websites

Biography 

1932 births
2015 deaths
Civil servants
Colonels
Politicians from Berlin
Politicians of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Heinrich Gottlob "Heiner" Rau (2 April 1899 – 23 March 1961) was a German communist politician during the time of the Weimar Republic. He was a leading member of the International Brigades, a  member of the Landtag of Prussia (1928-1933) and after World War II an East German statesman. He was the chairman of the German Economic Commission, the precursor to the East German government.

References

Other websites

1899 births
1961 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Germany
Deaths from myocardial infarction
German military personnel of World War I
Government ministers of East Germany
Holocaust survivors
Leaders of East Germany
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
Members of the Volkskammer
People from Stuttgart
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Politicians of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Refugees from Nazism
Võ Nguyên Giáp (25 August 1911 – 4 October 2013) was a general in the Vietnam People's Army and a politician. He fought during World War II, where he served as the military leader of the Viet Minh resistance against the Japanese occupation of Vietnam. 

Giap was a principal commander in two wars: the First Indochina War (1946–54) and the Vietnam War (1960–75). He fought in the following historically significant battles: Lạng Sơn (1950), Hòa Bình (1951–52), Điện Biên Phủ (1954), the Tết Offensive (1968), the Easter Offensive (1972), and the final Ho Chi Minh Campaign (1975).

Võ Nguyên Giáp was also a teacher and a journalist, an interior minister in President Hồ Chí Minh's Việt Minh government, the military commander of the Viet Minh, the commander of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), and defense minister. He also served as a member of the Politburo of the Vietnam Workers' Party, which in 1976 became the Communist Party of Vietnam.

On 4 October 2013 Võ Nguyên Giáp died in Hanoi at the age of 102. He was given a state funeral on 12 and 13 October 2013 and his body lay in state at the national morgue in Hanoi until his burial at the Vũng Chùa - Đảo Yến in his home province of Quảng Bình

References

Other websites

 General Giap Biography
 National Liberation Front
 General Vo Nguyen Giap – Asian Hero 
 Vo Nguyen Giap's interview – PBS
 Bibliography: Writings of Vo Nguyen Giap, and Books about Him
 Vo Nguyen Giap on Britannica
 General History
Booknotes interview with Peter MacDonald on Giap: The Victor in Vietnam, 29 August 1993. 
 Brief tribute with 5 selected photos

1911 births
2013 deaths
Centenarians
Communist politicians
Generals
Government ministers
Journalists
Military personnel of the Vietnam War
Military personnel of World War II
Teachers
Vietnamese military people
Vietnamese politicians
Lucie Samuel (29 June 1912 – 14 March 2007), born Lucie Bernard, and better known as Lucie Aubrac, was a French history teacher. She was a member of the French Resistance during World War II.

Aubrac died in Issy-les-Moulineaux, near Paris, on 14 March 2007, aged 94. She was survived by her three children and her husband, Raymond Aubrac.

Other websites

 Guardian obituary, 16 March 2007
 

1912 births
2007 deaths
French people
Raymond Aubrac (31 July 1914 – 10 April 2012) was a French engineer and leader. He was the leader of the French Resistance during the Second World War and a civil engineer after the Second World War.

Other websites

1914 births
2012 deaths
French engineers
French people of World War II
People from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Le Petit Ballon (The Little Balloon) is one of the highest peaks of the Vosges Mountains in Haut-Rhin, Alsace, France. Its height is  above sea level.

Mountains of France
Posadas is the capital city of the Misiones Province in Argentina. In 2012, about 344,833 people lived in the city area.

Other websites 
 Municipality of Posadas - Official website 
 Posadas Information

Cities in Argentina
Capitals of Argentine provinces
The Banu Sulaym () was a group of Nomadic Arabs. In the 11th century they migrated from Upper Egypt into what is now Tunisia and eastern Algeria. They defeated the Berbers.

History 
Oral tradition says that the tribe would have left Arabia to go to Egypt. According to their legend they rebelled against the Caliph of Baghdad in the second half of the 10th century. In 1049, when the Zirid ruler of Tunisia rebelled against Egypt, nomads were sent to punish them. Ibn Khaldun, an early Tunisian historian, said they were like "a cloud of locusts" when they invaded Tunisia. The Arab poets told of their many conquests as they moved west. They were defeated in a series of battles during the 12th century by the Moroccan dynasty. Even though it was an oral history, they were a real tribe. They did come from the Arabian Peninsula. They did control much of North Africa for over a century. They were mostly installed in the south of Tunisia and Libya as well as a minority in the south of Algeria and the Moroccan plains.

Further reading 
 Almsaodi, Abdulaziz. Modern history of Yemen

References

Other websites
 Power and Interest News Report 

History of Africa
History of Algeria
History of Tunisia
History of Egypt
The Maqil () were an Arabian nomadic tribe.  In the 11th century they migrated from Yemen into what is now the Sahara Desert and Morocco. They mainly settled near forests and oases.

Despite their originally small number (less than 200), they were later involved in fighting a dynasty of Sunni Muslims. They also brought change to the culture of these regions, and a new language.

Genealogy 
They descend from Yoktan son of Eber, father of the Hebrews and coming from the line of Seth, son of Adam.

History 
The exact origin of the Maqil tribe is unknown. They claimed for themselves a prestigious Banu Hashim descent from Jaafar ibn Abi Talib, son of Abu Talib and brother of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Arabian genealogists categorized them as Hilalians. Ibn Khaldun wrote that both of these versions are false, since the Banu Hashim lived in urban cities and were not nomadic nor ever wandered in desert wolds. He added that the Maqil is a name only found in Yemen.
 
Ibn Khaldun speculated that they were likely an Arab nomadic group from Yemen, and this is supported by bn al-Kalbi and Ibn Said.

Further reading 
 Almsaodi, Abdulaziz. Modern history of Yemen

References 

History of Africa
Yemen
Semitic peoples
11th century
Azerbaijani carpets () are carpets made in Azerbaijan, an ancient center of carpet weaving. The Azerbaijani carpet is a traditional handmade textile of many sizes, with dense texture and a smooth or rough surface, whose patterns are characteristic of Azerbaijan's many carpet-making regions. Traditionally, since ancient times the carpets were used in Azerbaijan to cover floors, decorate interior walls, sofas, chairs, beds and tables.  

Carpet making is a family tradition transferred orally and through practice, with carpet making and rug making being almost women's job. In the past every young girl had to learn the art of weaving carpets, and the carpets she wove became a part of her dowry. In the case of a newly married son, it was his mother who wove a large rug for his new household. Starting a new carpet meant a feast, but the completion of a rug meant an even greater celebration for the family. In the old days finished carpets were laid out in front of the house so that passers-by with the weight of their feet could make them even tighter than they had already been knotted. For the traditional process of carpet and rug making, men removed the wool from the sheep in the spring and autumn, while women collected dyestuffs and spin and dye yarn in the spring, summer and autumn. Azerbaijani carpets are divided into four large regional groups: Quba-Shirvan, Ganja-Kazakh, Karabakh, and Baku.  

In November 2010 the Azerbaijani carpet was made a "Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage" by UNESCO.

Related pages
 Azerbaijan Carpet Museum

References

Other websites

Carpet
Elgin Gay Baylor (September 16, 1934 – March 22, 2021) was an American basketball player, coach, and executive.  He played 13 seasons as a forward in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Baylor played for the Minneapolis / Los Angeles Lakers, appearing in eight NBA Finals.  Baylor was a gifted shooter, strong rebounder, and an accomplished passer. Baylor was famous for his acrobatic moves on the court. He regularly dazzled Lakers fans with his trademark hanging jump shots. Baylor was the No. 1 draft pick in 1958. He was NBA Rookie of the Year in 1959. Baylor was named an NBA All-Star 11 times. He is regarded as one of the game's all-time greatest players. In 1977, Baylor was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.

Early years 
Baylor was born September 16, 1934 in Washington, DC. He attended high school at Washington, D.C.'s Springarn High. He was an All-American at Seattle University. In 1958 he led his team to the NCAA finals.

Professional career 
In 1958 he was the number 1 pick in the NBA draft by the Minneapolis Lakers. The Lakers were struggling and on the verge of bankruptcy. Baylor was just what they needed and he led the team to the 1959 NBA Finals. On November 15, 1960 Baylor set a then NBA record. He scored 71 points and 25 rebounds in one game. This was while he was still on active duty with the United States Army. He could only play with the Lakers on weekends.
 
Baylor was 6-5 and weighed 225 pounds. He was strong and graceful on the court. During his 14-year career with the Minneapolis and Los Angeles Lakers Baylor averaged 27.4 points a game. He held an average of 13.5 rebounds per game. He averaged 27 points a game in 134 appearances in playoff games. Early in the 1970-71 season Baylor suffered a severe knee injury. He didn't return until the 1971-72 season playing only nine games before he retired. He was 37 years old.

Baylor spent 22 years as general manager of the Los Angeles Clippers. He won the NBA Executive of the Year Award in 2006. He was relieved of his duties shortly before the 2008–09 season began.

Death
Baylor died on March 22, 2021, at age 86 of natural causes in Los Angeles.

References

Other websites 

 Elgin Baylor Stats
 Baylor lawsuit

1934 births
2021 deaths
Los Angeles Lakers players
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Sportspeople from Washington, D.C.
Deaths from natural causes in the United States
National Basketball Association coaches
Businesspeople from Washington, D.C.
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Hugh O'Brian (born Hugh Charles Krampe; April 19, 1925—September 5, 2016) was an American actor. He was known for his starring role in the 1955-1961 ABC western television series, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp.

O'Brian died at his home in Beverly Hills, California on September 5, 2016 at the age of 91.

References

Other websites

 Hugh O'Brian (Official website)
 Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Foundation (Official website)
 
 
 

1925 births
2016 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York
Sir Christopher Anthony Woodhead (20 October 1946 – 23 June 2015) was a British educator. He was head of Ofsted, the Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills, from 1994 to 2000. Ofsted is a non-ministerial department of the UK government. The head of Ofsted is also Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools in England, which is a crown appointment.

Career 
Woodhead graduated in English at the University of Bristol, where he also took a PGCE. He obtained a Master of Arts in English from Keele University in 1974.

In 1976, he left teaching, allegedly as the result of an affair with a sixth-form pupil, something he always denied. Later, he moved into teacher education.

Woodhead was one of the most controversial figures in debates on the direction of English education policy. Woodhead advocated "traditional teaching methods". He took a scornful view of "progressive educational theories" introduced into English schools from the 1960s onwards.

He was Chairman of Cognita, a company dedicated to fostering private education, from 2004 to 2013.

Death
Woodhead died after a nine-year battle with motor neurone disease, aged 68.

Books 
 1984. Nineteenth and twentieth century verse: an anthology of sixteen poets. Oxford University Press. 
 2002. Class War: the state of British education. Little, Brown. 
 2009. A desolation of learning: is this the education our children deserve?. Harriman House.

References

Other websites
 His departure as seen by The Guardian in November 2000
 The public view on his departure in 2000
 Telegraph 2001 article
 TV appearances

1946 births
2015 deaths
British teachers
Businesspeople from London
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in London
Thomas Slade Gorton III (January 8, 1928 – August 19, 2020) was an American politician. He was a U.S. senator from Washington state from 1981 to 1987, and from 1989 to 2001.

He held both of the state's Senate seats in his career and was narrowly defeated for reelection twice as an incumbent: in 1986 by Brock Adams, and in 2000 by Maria Cantwell after a recount. Gorton was twice both Senior Senator (1983–87, 1993–2001) and Junior Senator (1981–83, 1989–93).

Gorton died on August 19, 2020 in Clyde Hill, Washington from Parkinson's disease-related problems at the age of 92.

References

Other websites

Congressional Bio
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP ("K&L Gates")  Lawyer Bio 
The Next Ten Years of Post-9/11 Security Efforts, Q&A with Slade Gorton (September 2011)

1928 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
United States senators from Washington
Politicians from Chicago
US Republican Party politicians
Thomas Howard "Tom" Kean, Sr. (; born April 21, 1935) is an American Republican Party politician. He served as the 48th Governor of New Jersey from 1982 to 1990.

References

Other websites

 Thomas H. Kean biography at 9/11 Commission Official Web Site.
 New Jersey Governor Thomas H. Kean biography , National Governors Association.
  Governor Tom Kean , a biography by Alvin S. Felzenberg, Rutgers University Press.
 "A View from Outside the Beltway: Winning Policy Themes for the 1990s" , by Thomas Kean, Heritage Lecture No. 357, Heritage Foundation, December 15, 1991.
 "9/11 Panel Suspected Deception by Pentagon", The Washington Post, August 2, 2006.
 "Stonewalled by the C.I.A.", op-ed by Kean and Lee H. Hamilton, The New York Times, January 2, 2008.
 .
 The Thomas H. Kean Archive, Rutgers Program on the Governor 

1935 births
Living people
Columbia University alumni
Governors of New Jersey
Politicians from New York City
Princeton University alumni
US Republican Party politicians
Grefrath is a district of Neuss, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Population

Notable People 
 Mathias Weber (1778-1803), robber

Other websites 
 Tourism brochure (in German)

Cities in North Rhine-Westphalia
Rhein-Kreis Neuss Rural District
São Gonçalo () is a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Its population (as of 2009) is 1,010,212 inhabitants, and it is the second most populous city in the state after the capital, Rio de Janeiro.

Statistics 
Its population was 1,010,212 in 2009. The total area of the city is .
It is the second most populous city in the state after Rio de Janeiro, the capital of the state.

Geography

Climate 
São Gonçalo has a tropical Atlantic climate, with rainy summers and relatively dry winters. The city has different temperatures at different times of the year. They can be up to  in summer and  during winter. Generally, the temperature is between the maximum of  and minimum .
But for most part of the year, i.e. from May to October, the temperature is milder because the climate is drier and less hot.

Demographics 

São Gonçalo has a high population growth rate. 1,016,128 people live in the city, up from 960,631 in 2007. According to the 2012 census, the racial makeup of São Gonçalo includes: Whites (22.7%), Brown (54.1%), Black or African (20.2%), two or more races (3%) and Asian (0.02%). The non-Brazilian population was 3.5% (Paraguayan 2%, Bolivian 1%, Chinese 0.5%), which is a high number compared to other cities in Brazil. The same census said that São Gonçalo has a large amount of poverty. 31.5% of the population was officially living in poverty in 2012, down from 81% in 1990. People considered "Class A" were only 4.7% of the population.

Education 
The Rio de Janeiro State Teachers' Training College (FFP-UERJ) stands out in the city. It is the largest teachers' college in Rio de Janeiro state. Its students are mostly residents from Sao Goncalo, but many come from Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Itaboraí, and cities of the Baixada Fluminense region, among others. For many years, students from this campus have asked for a bus route to the Saint Mary UERJ Maracanã.

Health 
São Gonçalo has the following hospitals: Hospital Estadual Alberto Torres; Eye Hospital Niteroi; Hospital Luiz Palmier; Hospital Adam Pereira Nunes; Barone Hospital de Medeiros; Silveira Hospital Infantil Darcy Vargas, Hospital Pads, Hospital Santa Maria.

Garbage collection crisis 
São Gonçalo has poor garbage collection services. Garbage sometimes collects on the streets for this reason. In December 2008, waste collectors went on strike, which made the problem even worse. In January 2011, garbage collection stopped for more than a week in some parts of the city.

Notable residents 
Zélio Fernandino de Moraes, founder of the Umbanda Branca religious sect, was born in São Gonçalo.

References

Other websites 

Cities in Rio de Janeiro (state)
is a 2003 role-playing video game published by The Pokémon Company and developed by Genius Sonority. It was only released for the Nintendo GameCube. Pokémon Colosseum was released on November 21, 2003 in Japan, March 22, 2004 in North America, and on May 14, 2004 in Europe.

The concept for Pokémon Colosseum was influenced by RPGs like Final Fantasy VII and Persona 2: Innocent Sin. During an interview with Prima Games, Pokémon director Junichi Masuda was asked why the gameplay did not mirror that of the other games in the series. Masuda said "How players communicate with each other has been key to the Pokémon games – it is the backbone of all Pokémon game designs. I feel that the handheld systems work better than the home-based consoles. It's certainly possible to come up with concepts for home-based consoles, but we might then have to change the core of the game."

The game was first shown at E3 2003.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 7.5 out of 10. Craig Harris of IGN said that the Pokémon RPG's move to 3D "does a decent enough job" and is "a bit more linear and straightforward".

In 2006, Nintendo Power ranked the game as the 121st greatest video game to appear on a Nintendo console.

References

Other websites

2003 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
Pokémon RPGs
Video games developed in Japan
Patrick Baril (born January 23, 1982), also known as Statik Selektah, is an American record producer from Boston, MA. Selektah is also a disc jockey (DJ) and radio announcer. He is also the founder of Showoff Records. 

In 2010, he began a hip hop group named 1982, with two other American rappers.

Past and present radio stations
 WPEA 90.5fm - Exeter, NH (1996–1998)
 WERS 88.9fm - Boston, MA (2000)
 WBOT 97.7fm - Boston, MA (2001–2004)
 WBLX - Mobile, AL (2005–2009)
 KMJJ - Shreveport, LA (2006–2008)
 Shade 45 Sirius/XM (2005–present)
 KDON 102.5fm - Santa Cruz, CA (2009–2011)
 WJMN 94.5fm - Boston, MA (2008–2011)

Discography

Studio albums
 Spell My Name Right: The Album (2007)
 Stick 2 the Script (2008)
 100 Proof: The Hangover (2010)
 Population Control (album)|Population Control (2011)
 Extended Play  (2013)
 What Goes Around  (2014)
 Lucky 7 (Statik Selektah album)|Lucky 7 (2015)

Collaborative albums
 All In A Day's Work (with Saigon) (2009)
 1982  (with Termanology - as 1982) (2010)
 1982 1982: The EP (with Termanology - as 1982) (2010)
 The Evening News EP (with Termanology - as 1982) (2010)
 Statik-Free EP (with Freeway)  (2011)
 Lyrical Workout (with Bumpy Knuckles) (2011)
 Lord Giveth, Lord Taketh Away (with Freddie Gibbs) (2011)
 State of Grace (mixtape) (with Slaine) (2011)
 Well-Done (album)|Well-Done (with Action Bronson) (2011)
 Straight, No Chaser (with Reks) (2012)
 2012 (with Termanology as 1982) (2012)
 Stereo Type (with Strong Arm Steady) (2012)
 Ambition (with Bumpy Knuckles) (2012)
 Boom Bap & Blues (with Jared Evan) (2013)
 The Proposal  (with Ransom) (2013)
 Still Blue (with Jared Evan) (2014)
 Statik KXNG (with Crooked I) (2015)

EPs
 Statik Selektah's "Lost & Damned EP" (2009)
 The Left-Overs (Of What’s To Come…) EP (2010)

References

Other websites
 Showoff Records Website
 Statik Selektah intimate interview on Conspiracy Worldwide Radio Sep 2010

1982 births
Living people
American  DJs
Musicians from Detroit, Michigan
hip hop musicians
American radio personalities
Musicians from Boston, Massachusetts
Nicola Badalucco (13 May 1929 – 17 June 2015) was an Italian screenwriter. He has written for 38 movie since 1969. He was nominated for an Academy Award at the 42nd Academy Awards in the category Original Screenplay for the movie The Damned.

References

Other websites

1929 births
2015 deaths
Italian screenwriters
Italian journalists
People from Milan
James George Alexander Bannerman Carnegie, 3rd Duke of Fife  (23 September 1929 - 22 June 2015) was a great-grandson of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 

He was the first person in the line of succession to the British throne who was not related to King George V. As a great-grandson of a British sovereign, he did not carry out royal and official duties or receive any funds from the Civil List. 

The Duke of Fife was the second cousin to Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Harald V of Norway.  Through his maternal grandfather, he was also a descendant of William IV of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Jordan.

References

1929 births
2015 deaths
British writers
Civil servants
Shere Hite (born as Shirley Diana Gregory; November 2, 1942 – September 9, 2020) was an American and a German feminist and sexologist. She was known for her research on women's orgasms. The Hite Report: A Nationwide Study of Female Sexuality was published in 1976. The report is Hite's most famous work.

Early life
Hite was born in St. Joseph, Missouri. She received her masters degree in History from the University of Florida in 1967. She then moved to New York City.

Personal life
In 1985 Hite married Friedrich Horicke, a German concert pianist. The couple divorced in 1999.

She moved to Germany in 1989 and became a German citizen in 1996. She isn't an American citizen anymore.

Hite died on September 9, 2020 in London from problems caused by Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, aged 77.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
American feminist writers
Columbia University alumni
German writers
Sexologists
University of Florida alumni
Writers from Missouri
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
The Producers (Hangul: 프로듀사) is a 2015 South Korean television series. It stars Kim Soo-hyun, Cha Tae-hyun, Gong Hyo-jin and IU. It was shown on KBS from May 15 to June 20, 2015.

Characters
 Kim Soo-hyun as Baek Seung-chan
 Cha Tae-hyun as Ra Joon-mo
 Gong Hyo-jin as Tak Ye-jin
 IU as Cindy

References

Other websites
Official website

South Korean television series
2015 television series debuts
2015 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in South Korea
Douglas Alexander Spalding (1841–1877) was an English biologist. He was one of the founders of ethology (animal behaviour), but it took a long time before this was appreciated.

He was born in Islington in London in 1841, and began life as a workman. Later, when he lived near Aberdeen, he attended courses without charge. He studied philosophy and literature, but after a year he returned to London. Spalding trained to be a lawyer, but contracted tuberculosis.

He travelled in Europe in hopes of finding a cure. In Avignon he met John Stuart Mill, and through Mill he met John Russell, Viscount Amberley. Russell was the son of the former British Prime Minister Lord John Russell. Spalding became tutor to Viscount Amberley's children, including perhaps the very young Bertrand Russell. He also carried on an intermittent affair with Katharine Russell, Lord Amberley's wife. After the Lord Amberley's death in 1876, Spalding returned to the continent and died there the following year.

Ethology 
Spalding carried out some remarkable experiments on animal behaviour, and discovered the phenomenon now known as imprinting. This was later rediscovered by Oskar Heinroth, then studied and popularised by Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen.

Instinct and imprinting were the first scientific concepts in ethology. Spalding was able to prove that the behaviour of chicks after hatching from the egg happened even when they had no experience, practice or even information from the senses. Therefore the capacity was inherited. J.B.S. Haldane reprinted Spalding's essay On Instinct in 1954 to show how important it was for the history of ethology.

References 

English biologists
1841 births
1877 deaths
Ethologists
This is a list of rivers of New Hampshire, USA.

 Merrimack River
 Lamprey River
 Exeter River

Geography of New Hampshire
New Hampshire
Wild grapes are natural, uncultivated grapes. There are many species. Most are similar to each other, and difficult to tell apart. Fox grape (vitis labrusca), summer grape (vitis aestivalis), and riverbank grape (vitis riparia) are some common species.

Wild grapes have woody vines which can climb over thirty feet tall. They have large, three-lobed leaves with teeth on the edges. They can be found on streambanks, pond edges, roadsides, and in open woods. In woods, the vine is probably very large and has grown up with the tree.

Wild grapes use tendrils (like above-ground roots) to grab onto branches or bark of larger plants. The bark is brownish-gray and very shreddy.

Wild grape flowers are green and small. They bloom from May to July. The fruit, of course, is what grapes are known for. They grow large berries in clusters of up to twenty. Fruits become ripe from August to October. The fruit is very important for wildlife. Each berry contains two to six seeds. When animals eat the fruit, they help spread the vines by defecating seeds in new places.

Many birds nest in wild grape tangles, and many use bark from the vine to build nests.

Gallery 

Vines
Oleg S. Tymoshenko (Ukrainian: [ɔlɛg tɪmɔʃɛ'nkɔ]; born December 4, 1932; died December 20, 2010), was a Ukrainian choral conductor, professor, artist and academician. Tymoshenko was the honorary President of Green Cross Ukraine. He was a People's Artist of Ukraine, a member of The Lviv National Academy of Arts, and a full Cavalier of the Order of Merit. He was a member of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education. Tymoshenko was Rector of Petro Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine.

Biography 
Tymoshenko was born on December 4, 1932, in Kreminna, in the Luhansk Oblast (province) of Ukraine. 

Starting in 1949, he studied at Lugansk College of Music. He graduated from there in 1953. He then studied at the Kiev Conservatory, graduating in 1960.

From 1960–1963, he worked as Director and teacher at the Nikolai Leontovich Music College in Vinnytsia.

In 1963-2004 he worked at the Kiev Conservatory. His positions there included:

1963–1965—Senior Lecturer
1965–1983—Vice-rector for Educational
1983–2004—Rector

In 1996, he was selected as a founding member of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine. 

In 2000, Oleg Tymoshenko, supported by the founding president of Green Cross International (en), Mikhail Gorbachev, created a national branch of Green Cross (English name Green Cross Ukraine), which he headed until 2010.

He died on December 20, 2010, in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 About founding Green Cross Ukraine ;
 Memorial plaque

1932 births
2010 deaths
Academics
Conductors
Ukrainian entertainers
The 2016 presidential campaign of Bobby Jindal, the Governor of Louisiana, was formally launched on June 24, 2015. It's headquarters is in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Background
His candidacy for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 election comes after years of speculation concerning a possible candidacy following the 2012 election. Jindal is the first Indian American and third Asian American to run for President of the United States.

On November 17, 2015, Jindal officially suspended his presidential campaign, saying "this is not my time".

Announcement
Jindal officially launched his campaign for the 2016 Republican presidential nomination on June 24, 2015 with an announcement via Twitter, ahead of a planned formal announcement in the New Orleans suburb of Kenner later that day.

Polling
As of late July 2015, Jindal has been polling about 1.4 % of the Republican primary electorate.

Supporters
 Willie Robertson, TV personality

References

Other websites
 www.BobbyJindal.com 

Jindal
Anouk Aimée (; born 27 April 1932) is a French movie actress. She has appeared in 70 movie since 1947. She is known for her movie role as Maddalena in La Dolce Vita (1960). She won a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award.

She converted to Judaism when she was an adult.

References

Other websites

 
 
 AIMÉE Anouk International Who's Who. accessed 1 September 2006.
 Sandy Flitterman-Lewis, Anouk Aimée, Jewish Women Encyclopedia
 Photographs and literature

1932 births
Living people
Actors from Paris
BAFTA Award winning actors
Converts to Judaism
French Jews
French movie actors
French television actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Jewish actors
Yvonne Furneaux (born 11 May 1928 in Roubaix, Nord-Pas-de-Calais) is a French movie actress. She is known for her role as Emma in La Dolce Vita.

Other websites
 

1928 births
Living people
French movie actors
French television actors

People from Hauts-de-France
Oskar Heinroth (Mainz-Kastel, 1 March 1871 – Berlin, 31 May 1945) was a German biologist who was one of the founders of ethology. Heinroth was director of the Berlin Zoo & Aquarium for over 30 years. He married twice, both times to colleagues: He was married to Magdalena (née Wiebe, 1904-1932) and, after her death, to Katharina (née Berger, 1933-1945).

His studies of behaviour in the Anatidae (ducks and geese) showed their instinctive behaviour patterns. He also rediscovered the phenomenon of imprinting, reported in the 19th century by Douglas Spalding but not followed up at the time. Heinroth showed that the behaviour of birds was characteristic of a species, as much as its anatomy.

His results were popularised by Konrad Lorenz, whose mentor he was. Lorenz regarded Heinroth as the true founder of the study of animal behaviour as a branch of zoology.

References

Sources
 Oskar Heinroth & Magdalena Heinroth 1924–1934. Die Vögel Mitteleuropas. Illustrated, 4 vols, Bermühler, Berlin. 
 Oskar Heinroth & Katharina Heinroth 1958. The birds. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. .

1871 births
1945 deaths
German biologists
People from Mainz
German zoologists
Ethologists
Abadiânia is a city in the state of Goiás, Brazil.  It is home to a famous Brazilian medium and "psychic surgeon" — João de Deus.

Location 
Abadiânia is part of the Entorno do Distrito Federal statistical micro-region.  Neighboring municipalities are:
 North:  Pirenópolis, Corumbá de Goiás, and Alexânia
 South: Silvânia
 East: Anápolis
 West: Alexânia

History 
Despite being a municipality since 1953 Abadiânia was only installed in its present site in the 1960s. The population was not happy with conditions of access and little by little they began to build their houses along the highway 18 kilometers away, where the present-day town is located.

References 

Cities in Goiás
1953 establishments in South America
1950s establishments in Brazil
The city of Abaetetuba is located in Pará State, Brazil. The population of the municipality is 141,054. Of those,  78,000 live in the city proper (IBGE figure 2010). The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Abaetetuba.

Etymology 
"Abaetetuba" comes from the Tupi language and means "group of true men", from the words abá ("man"), eté ("true") and tyba ("group").

References 

Cities in Brazil
Pará
1724 establishments
18th-century establishments in Brazil
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties. The buyer pays the seller today for the promise of the commodity at a future date. Futures contracts are traded in futures exchanges. The commodities can be things such as livestock, agriculture produce, metals, energy, and financial products. Trading futures can be profitable. But it is also complex and very risky. Instead of gaining a profit, an investor can lose the money invested. They could be required to pay more than they invested.

Examples 
 Sam has an apple orchard. He needs money to pay for labor and fertilizer. Bob offers to pay Sam $20 in exchange for 2 bushels of apples after harvest. Bob now has two futures of apples.

References 

Finance
Birgit Prinz (born 25 October 1977 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany) is a German association football forward. She is best known for being the top scorer of the Germany women's national football team. She is considered to be one of the best German football players of all time, as she has won the FIFA World Player of the Year multiple times. She scored 136 goals for 1. FFC Frankfurt. She has won the FIFA Women's World Cup two times with Germany. She was part of the German women's Olympic team in 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2008. They won the bronze medal in 2000, 2004 and 2008.

Honours

Club
FSV Frankfurt
 Bundesliga: Winner (2) 1994–95, 1997–98
German Cup: Winner (2) 1994–95, 1995–96

1. FFC Frankfurt
UEFA Women's Cup: Winner (3) 2001–02, 2005–06, 2007–08; Runner-up (1) 2003–04
 Bundesliga: Winner (6) 1998–99, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2006–07, 2007–08
 German Cup: Winner (8) 1998–99, 1999-00, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2010–11

Carolina Courage
WUSA Championship: Winner (1) 2002

International
 FIFA World Cup: Winner (2) 2003, 2007 Runner-up (1) 1995
 UEFA European Championship: Winner (5) 1995, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2009
 Olympic bronze medal: (3) 2000, 2004, 2008
Algarve Cup: Winner (1) 2006

Individual
FIFA World Player of the Year: Winner (3) 2003, 2004, 2005; Runner-up (4) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
German Player of the Year: Winner (8) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
 Second all-time leading goalscorer FIFA Women's World Cup – 14 goals (second to Marta)
 Second all-time leading goalscorer Women's Olympic Football Tournament – 10 goals (second to Cristiane)
Golden Ball Winner: 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup
Silver Ball Winner: 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup
 Top-scorer 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup
 Top-scorer Bundesliga: (4) 1996–97, 1997–98, 2000–01, 2006–07
Silbernes Lorbeerblatt: 2007

References

Other websites 
 Birgit Prinz biography 

1977 births
Living people
1996 Summer Olympics
Female footballers
German footballers
German Olympic bronze medalists
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Frankfurt
Herzberg am Harz (– die Esperanto-stadt/La Esperanto-urbo) is a town in the south of Lower Saxony, Germany.

Twin towns 
 Góra, Poland (since 1993)

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Esperanto
Towns in Lower Saxony
Góra is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. The town is approximately  north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.  The population was 12,574 in 2006.

History

The settlement was first named Góra in an 1155 deed by Pope Adrian IV. It gave the property to a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church. The name of the town means "hill" or "mountain" in the Old Polish language.  Beginning in the 14th century, the town became a centre of cloth manufacturing.

Góra became part of the Kingdom of Prussia during a war in 1742. In World War II it was occupied by the Red Army in 1945. In the Potsdam Agreement, the town fell to the Republic of Poland, and the remaining German population was thrown out. The town became a county seat again in 1946.

Twin towns 
 Herzberg am Harz, Germany (since 1993)
 Maasdonk, Netherlands
 Trakai, Lithuania

Other websites 

 Official website
 Jewish Community in Góra  on Virtual Shtetl
 Góra Pictures gallery 

Towns in Poland
Joseph Edward Corvo (born June 20, 1977) was an American professional ice hockey player. He played for the Ottawa Senators, Carolina Hurricanes, Boston Bruins, Washington Capitals and the Los Angeles Kings.

He was born in Oak Park, Illinois.

References

1977 births
Living people
Ottawa Senators players
Sportspeople from Illinois
Carolina Hurricanes players
Boston Bruins players
Washington Capitals players
Los Angeles Kings players
American Hockey League players
ECHL players
Ice hockey defencemen
Tube feet are small tube-like projections on the underside (oral side) of echinoderms. They are part of the water vascular system of echinoderms.

Tube feet are used to move, feed and breathe. They are arranged in grooves along the arms. They operate through hydraulic pressure.  They are used to pass food to the oral mouth at the center, and can attach to surfaces. Tube feet allow these animals to stick to the ocean floor and move slowly. A sea star that is overturned simply turns one arm over and attaches it to a solid surface, and levers itself the right way up.

Tube feet are used by starfish are used to open up bivalve shells.  The shells of brachiopods and bivalves are held together by strong muscles. What the starfish does is clamp hold of them on either side with its tube feet, and apply a steady pull. The starfish, with its muscles and hydraulic system, can pull for much longer than any bivalve muscle can withstand. Apparently, ten minutes are usually enough to open the shell a bit. Then the starfish slips its stomach inside the shell. The stomach can get through a slot as narrow as 0.1mm. The starfish then dissolves the mollusc where it lives, absorbing the nutrients. This digestion process takes much longer than opening the shell, perhaps a couple of days.

References 

Echinoderms
Animal anatomy
Hermann Emil Gottfried von Eichhorn (February 13, 1848 – July 30, 1918) was a Prussian officer, later Field Marshal during World War I.

Biography 
Eichhorn was born in Breslau in the Kingdom of Prussia in 1848. His first time he fought during the Austro-Prussian War. Eichhorn received the Pour le Mérite on August 18, 1915.

On July 30, 1918 he died by assassination in Kiev. He is buried in Berlin.

Awards
 Order of Saint Stanislaus, 3rd class (31 August 1871)
 Order of the Crown (Prussia), 1st class (17 January 1904)
 Order of Philip the Magnanimous (8 September 1905)
 Order of the Red Eagle - Grand Cross with Oak Leaves (20 August 1907)
 Pour le Mérite (18 August 1915) with Oak Leaves (28 September 1915)
 Military Order of St. Henry Commander Second Class (25 October 1916)
 University of Berlin - Honorary Doctorate (18 February 1918)

1848 births
1918 deaths
Assassinated people
German people
Mario Biaggi (October 26, 1917 – June 24, 2015) was an American politician. He was born in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City. He served as a U.S. Representative from New York (served from 1969 to 1988) and former New York City police officer. He was elected as a Democrat from The Bronx in New York City. In 1987 and 1988, he was convicted in two separate corruption trials, and he resigned from Congress in 1988.

References

1917 births
2015 deaths
American fraudsters
People from Manhattan
American police officers
Politicians from New York City
United States representatives from New York
US Democratic Party politicians
People from the Bronx
Walter Shawn Browne (10 January 1949 – 24 June 2015) was an American chess Grandmaster and poker player. Browne won the U.S. Chess Championship six times. He was born to an American father and Australian mother in Sydney. He moved to New York at age three.

Browne died in Las Vegas, Nevada after playing at a championship game there. He was 66 years old.

Other websites

 Making All the Right Moves, Sports Illustrated, January 12, 1976

1949 births
2015 deaths
American chess players
People from New York
People from Sydney
The old Korean calendar tells the phases of the moon and the day in the solar year, like other older calendars of other East Asian countries. Dates are calculated from Chinese calendar. Important dates are based in Korean culture.

The Gregorian calendar officially began to be used in 1896. The dates of older important Korean events are still based on the old calendar. The most important date in Korea today is Seollal, the first day of the Korean calendar's New Year. Other important events include Daeboreum (the first full moon phase, also referred to as Boreumdaal), Dano (spring) and Chuseok (autumn), and Samjinnal (beginning of spring). Other minor events based on the old Korean calendar include Yudu (summer), and Chilseok (monsoon season).

History 
The old Korean calendar comes from the old Chinese calendar. The Korean calendar said what its years were by using Korean era names from 270 to 963. Then Chinese era names with Korean era names were used a few times until 1894. In 1894-1895, The calendar based on the moon was used with years numbered from the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty in 1392.

The Gregorian calendar began to be used on 1 January 1896, with Korean era name "Geonyang (건양 / 建陽, "adopting solar calendar")."

From 1945 to 1961 in South Korea, Gregorian calendar years were counted from the start of Gojoseon in 2333 BC (regarded as year one). These Dangi (단기 / 檀紀) years were 4278 to 4294. This numbering was often used unofficially with the Korean lunar calendar before 1945. It has only sometimes been used after 1961, mostly in North Korea before 1997.

In North Korea, the Juche calendar has been used since 1997 to number its years, based on the birth of Kim Il Sung.

References 

 Pyeon, Prof. M. Y. The Folkloric Study of Chopail (Buddha's Birthday). Seoul: Minsokwon, 2002.

Korean culture
Calendars
Marva Collins (August 31, 1936 – June 25, 2015) was an American teacher.  In 1975  she started Westside Preparatory School in Garfield Park, a poor neighborhood of Chicago. She ran the school for more than 30 years until it closed in 2008.

She was known for applying classical education, in particular the Socratic method, modified for use in primary schools, successfully with students from poor families. 

She wrote some manuals, books and other materials describing her history and methods.  She was most widely publicized in the 1981 biographical TV movie, The Marva Collins Story, starring Cicely Tyson and Morgan Freeman.

Early life

Collins was born in Monroeville, Alabama. She graduated from Clark College (now known as Clark Atlanta University) in Atlanta, Georgia.

Career

Collins taught school for two years in Alabama, then moved to Chicago, where she taught in public schools for fourteen years. In 1975 she started Westside Preparatory School. It became an educational and commercial success. In 1996 she began supervising three Chicago public schools that had been placed on probation. In 2004 she received a National Humanities Medal, among many awards for her teaching and efforts at school reform. 

Collins started her low-cost private school  in the building where she lived. She used her teacher's pension to pay for her first costs.  The school was specifically for teaching low-income African American children. .

Books written

Marva Collins' Way, by Marva Collins with Civia Tamarkin
The Marva Collins method; a manual for educating and motivating your child, by Marva Collins
Ordinary Children, Extraordinary Teachers, by Marva Collins
Values: Lighting The Candle of Excellence: A Practical Guide, by Marva Collins
A Conversation with Marva Collins: A Different School, by Marva Collins
Grandma, What Is Learning? by Marva Collins
Redeeming Education, by Marva Collins

Awards

In 1981, Collins received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.

Further reading

The School that Cared: A Story of the Marva Collins Preparatory School of Cincinnati, by P. Kamara Sekou Collins

References 

1936 births
2015 deaths
Writers from Birmingham, Alabama
American teachers
Writers from Chicago
Educators from Chicago
Educators from Birmingham, Alabama
K.C. Undercover is an American sitcom developed for Disney Channel, created by Corinne Marshall and executive produced by Shawn Levy. The series stars Zendaya as K.C. Cooper, a high school student training to follow in her parents' footsteps as an undercover spy. The series was released on January 1, 2015 with a sneak peek, followed by the television premiere on January 18, 2015.

On August 9, 2017, Zendaya announced the series was cancelled and would end production after its third season.

Plot 
The series follows K.C. as she trains to be an undercover spy to follow in her parents' footsteps. Each episode centers on the family as they contend with everyday familial issues - while also performing missions to save the country.

Cast

Main 
 K.C. Cooper (Zendaya), a high school math wiz teenaged girl training to become an undercover spy.
 Craig Cooper (Kadeem Hardison), the dad of K.C. and an undercover spy.
 Kira Cooper (Tammy Townsend), the mom of K.C. and an undercover spy.
 Ernie Cooper (Kamil McFadden), K.C's brother.
 Marisa (Veronica Dunne), K.C's best friend.
 Judy Cooper (Trinity Stokes), K.C's sister who is a robot.

Recurring 
 Lincoln (Trevor Jackson), a criminal undercover spy working for the Other Side.

Trivia 
Unlike the other shows that air on Disney channel (as well as the cartoons), the show is rated TV-Y7-FV, like the Marvel shows and Star Wars Rebels.

References 

Disney Channel shows
Television series by Disney
2010s television series
English-language television programs
2015 television series debuts
2018 television series endings
Hawkwind are an English rock band. They are one of the earliest space rock groups. Their write and sing about science fiction themes. They formed in November 1969. Hawkwind have changed many times during their history and have played many styles of music. Dozens of musicians, dancers, and writers have worked with the group since they began.

Legacy 

Hawkwind have been named as an influence by artists such as the rock band Monster Magnet, the Sex Pistols (who covered their 1972 song, "Silver Machine"), Henry Rollins of Black Flag, the guitarist Ty Segall, and the English rock band, Ozric Tentacles.

References

Other websites 

 Official band website
 Starfarer's Hawkwind page 
 Hawkwind Files Comprehensive discography
 Hawkeye On Hawkwind 
 Scot Heller's Review of the Hawkestra Concert
 Hawkwind at the Windsor Free Festival
 Hawkwind at the Stonehenge Free Festival
 Hawkwind at The Oval 1972 
 Philm Freax: Hawkwind X-In Search of Space Original photos by Philm Freax.

Musical groups from London
Musical groups established in 1969
English rock bands
This is a list of diplomatic missions in Azerbaijan. At present, the capital city of Baku hosts 61 embassies.

Embassies in Baku

Missions/Representative Offices in Baku
 (Delegation)

 (Representative Office)

Consulates General in other parts of Azerbaijan
Ganja

Nakhchivan City

Non-resident embassies 
  (Ankara)
  (Ankara)
  (Moscow)
  (Moscow)

Related pages 
List of diplomatic missions of Azerbaijan

Other websites
Republic of Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs 
Republic of Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, List of Diplomatic Missions in Azerbaijan  

Politics of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan-related lists