cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Harold Frederick Shipman (14 January 1946 – 13 January 2004) was a British general practitioner (a type of doctor) and serial killer. He is thought to have killed 250+ of his patients. He was a psychopath.

Early life and career
Shipman was born in Bestwood council estate in Nottingham. He studied Medicine at the Leeds School of Medicine on scholarship. In 1974 he became a GP in Todmorden. In 1993 he started his own doctors' surgery in Hyde.

Crimes
In 1975, he was convicted of forging prescriptions for pethidine, to which he was addicted. 

In 1999 he was put on trial and found guilty of 15 murders. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for each murder. An investigation identified another 235 suspicious deaths. His usual way of killing was using morphine. Most of the patients he killed were old women.

Death
While he was an inmate in Wakefield prison, West Yorkshire, he committed suicide on the day before his 58th birthday. It is not known why. At the time of his death he was still married to Primrose Shipman.

Aftermath
A garden in memory of Shipman's victims was opened in Hyde Park on 30 July 2005.

In pop culture
Post-punk band The Fall released a song about Shipman called "What About Us?".

Related pages
 John Bodkin Adams - British general practitioner and suspected serial killer
 Michael Swango - American doctor and serial killer

References

1946 births
2004 deaths
British people convicted of murder
British prisoners
English physicians
English serial killers
Fraudsters
People from Nottingham
People who committed suicide in prison custody
People with antisocial personality disorder
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Serial killers who committed suicide
Suicides by hanging in the United Kingdom
A clinic is a medical facility that gives health care for patients in an area. It is different from a hospital, because people do not stay in a clinic for a long time. Some clinics can become as large as hospitals, but still have the name Clinic. Small clinics are run by one or more general practitioners or practice managers. Physiotherapy clinics are run by physiotherapists, psychology clinics run by clinical psychologists, and so on for each type of health care. Some clinics are operated, or run, by employers. Other clinics are owned by people who do not have medical education, like in China.

Some clinics are a place for people with injuries or illness to come and be seen by triage nurse or other health worker.  In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be large or dangerous enough to warrant a visit to an emergency room, but the person can be moved to one if they need to be. These clinics sometimes can use equipment such as X-ray machines. Doctors at these clinics can send patients to specialists, a doctor who is very good at one kind of medicine.

Where the word came from
The word clinic comes from the Greek word klinein, which means to put something at an angle, or to lie down. Latin has the word clinicus, which is a lot like the word we use today. An early meaning of the word clinic was, 'one who gets baptism on a sick bed'.

Types of clinics
 In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low cost health care for people without insurance.
 A Retail Based Clinic is put in placed like shops, and may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
 A general out-patient clinic is a clinic offering treatment without an overnight stay.
 A polyclinic is a clinic, hospital, or school where many diseases are treated and studied.
 A fertility clinic helps women to become pregnant.
 An abortion clinic is a medical facility providing certain kinds of medical care, such as abortion to women.

Related pages
 Simple Clinic, a free retail clinic chain.
 Abortion clinic
 Free clinic
 Clinical Management System

References 

Health care
Hospitals
Döbeln was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008.

History 
The region was originally populated by Sorbian peoples.
The present borders of the district were made in 1952, when the government of East Germany formed the new districts. Döbeln is one of the few districts which have not been changed after the German reunification.

Geography 
The district is on the banks of the Freiberger Mulde in the triangle between the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
 Official website (German)

 
2008 disestablishments in Europe
The Milwaukee Brewers are a Major League Baseball team in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. They play in the Central Division of the National League.

The team first played in Seattle, Washington, for one season (1969). They were called the Seattle Pilots. In 1970, they moved to Milwaukee and were renamed the Milwaukee Brewers. The team is named "Brewers" because the city of Milwaukee is famous for making beer. The old minor league baseball team in Milwaukee had also been called the Brewers.

The team played in the American League from 1969 to 1997, and they won the American League championship in 1982. They started playing in the National League in 1998.

The name of the stadium where they play baseball is American Family Field, which was built in 2001 and was known as Miller Park until 2021. Before American Family Field was built, the team played in Milwaukee County Stadium, which was next to the place where American Family Field was built.

Other websites

 The team's web page
 The team's statistics from Baseball-Reference

 
1969 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Wisconsin
Dziecinów  is a voivodeship village in Poland, Masovia. It has approximately 704 inhabitants and an area of 6 km2.

Villages in Poland
Leipziger Land was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008. 

It was southwest of the city of Leipzig. Leipzig City has its own government.

History 
The district was formed in 1994 by joining the old districts of Leipzig, Borna and Geithain.

The area south of Leipzig City is a big lignite mining area. It will be turned lakeland in the near future. The lignite made the Leipzig area the biggest industrial part of East Germany.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites
 Official website  (German)

 
2008 disestablishments in Europe
The Muldentalkreis was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008.

The district was formed in 1994 when the two old districts of Grimma and Wurzen were joined together. A few municipalities from other districts around Bad Lausick were added as well.

Geography 
The district is named after its major river, the Mulde - the name  means . The Mulde is starts in the south of the district where two smaller rivers, the Freiberger Mulde and the Zwickauer Mulde join.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
 Official website (German)

 
2008 disestablishments in Europe
Torgau-Oschatz was a rural district (Landkreis) in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. The district was created in 1994 by joining the two districts Oschatz and Torgau, and 6 municipalities from the former district Eilenburg. It ended in 2008.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
 Official website  (German)

 
2008 disestablishments in Europe
Geneva is a city in Switzerland.

Geneva may also refer to:

 the Geneva Conventions, a set of international treaties
 Canton of Geneva, of which Geneva is the chef-lieu
 The Geneva Organization, a national real estate wealth management company
 Lake Geneva, on which Geneva is located
 Geneva (band), a Britpop band from the mid 1990s
 Geneva College, a private liberal arts college in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States.
 Geneva (album), an album by early 1980's pop group Love Of Life Orchestra
 Geneva Steel, World War II era steel factory built on Utah Lake in Vineyard, Utah.

United States
Geneva can also be these places in the United States:
Geneva, Alabama, seat of Geneva County, Alabama (approx. population in 2000: 4,400)
Geneva, Florida (2,600)
Geneva, Georgia (100)
Geneva, Illinois (19,500)
Geneva, Indiana (1,300)
Geneva, Iowa (200)
Geneva Township, Michigan:
Geneva Township, Midland County, Michigan (1,100)
Geneva Township, Van Buren County, Michigan (4,000)
Geneva, Minnesota
Geneva, Minnesota (400)
Geneva Township, Minnesota (400)
Geneva, Nebraska (2,200)
Geneva, New York includes:
Geneva (city), New York (13,500)
Geneva (town), New York (3,000)
Geneva, Ohio
Geneva, Ohio (6,500)
Geneva-on-the-Lake, Ohio (1,500)
Geneva Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio
Geneva, Pennsylvania (100)
Geneva, Washington (2,000)
Geneva, Wisconsin:
Geneva, Wisconsin (4,000)
Lake Geneva, Wisconsin (7,100), for the town and lake.
The Mittlerer Erzgebirgskreis was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008.

History 
The district was formed in 1994 by joining the two previous districts Marienberg and Zschopau.

Geography 
The district is located in the Erzgebirge mountains. The highest point is the  high Hirtstein. The lowest point, , is in Witzschdorf. 40% of the district is covered by forests.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
Official website (German)
Tourism website (German)

Old Rural District of Saxony
2008 disestablishments in Europe
Stollberg Rural District was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Chemnitzer Land. It ended in 2008.

History 
It was first created in 1910. In 1950 the district was dissolved. In 1952 it was set up again. In the big reform of 1994 the Stollberg Rural District got bigger, because some smaller towns and villages from the city of Zwönitz and districts of Chemnitz and Aue, were transferred to Stollberg.

Stollberg Rural District is on the northwestern slope of the Erzgebirge Mountains.

Partnerships
Since 1990 the district has a partnership with the district Fürth in Bavaria.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
 Official website (German)

 
2008 disestablishments in Europe
Stollberg is a town in the Free State of Saxony, and was capital of the Stollberg Rural District. It is  east of Zwickau, and  southwest of Chemnitz.

References

Erzgebirgskreis Rural District
Towns in Saxony
Mittweida () was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008.

History 
In 1994 the district was created, when the previous districts Hainichen, Rochlitz and part of the district of Chemnitz were joined.

Coat of arms

Towns and municipalities

Other websites 
 Official website (German)

 
1994 establishments in Germany
2008 disestablishments in Europe
2000s disestablishments in Germany
Mittweida () is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the Landkreis Mittweida.

History 
The town was started in the 13th century, and is now one of the biggest textile producing centres in Saxony.

Mittweida University has about 5000 students. It was started in the late 19th century. Among its students were August Horch, Walter Bruch, Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen, and Gerhard Neumann.

During World War II, a subcamp of Flossenburg concentration camp was located here.

References

Mittelsachsen Rural District
Affoltern District (also known as Knonaueramt or Säuliamt) is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its capital is Affoltern am Albis.

Municipalities 
Affoltern contains a total of 14 municipalities:

References 

Districts of Zürich
Andelfingen is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zürich, Switzerland.

Municipalities 
Andelfingen contains 24 municipalities:

Districts of Zürich
Bülach is one of 12 districts of the Canton of Zürich in Switzerland. With about 117,000 people living there, it is the third largest in the canton.

Municipalities

Sources

Districts of Zürich
Dielsdorf is a district in the northwestern part of the Swiss canton of Zürich.

Municipalities
The district contains 21 municipalities:

References 

Districts of Zürich
Dietikon is a district of the Swiss canton of Zürich. The capital city is Dietikon.

Districts of Zürich
Hinwil is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zurich, Switzerland. The capital is the city of Hinwil.

Municipalities 
The district contains 11 municipalities:

Districts of Zürich
Horgen  is a district of the Swiss canton of Zürich. Its capital is Horgen.

Municipalities 
  Sihlbrugg Dorf and Samstagern are both significant villages that are not independent municipalities.

Sources 

Districts of Zürich
Meilen is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zurich, Switzerland.

Municipalities 
Meilen contains 11 municipalities:

Districts of Zürich
Freiberg (i.e. free mountain) is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany, capital of the Freiberg Rural District.

The town was founded in 1186, and has been a centre of the mining industry in the Ore Mountains for centuries.

In 1944 the Flossenburg concentration camp built a subcamp outside the town of Freiberg. It housed over 500 female survivors of other camps, including Auschwitz Birkenau. Altogether 50 or so SS women worked in this camp until its evacuation in April 1945. The female survivors later reached the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria.

References

Other websites 
 Official website

Mittelsachsen Rural District
Pfäffikon is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its capital is the town of Pfäffikon.

Municipalities 
Pfäffikon contains 12 municipalities:

Districts of Zürich
Uster is one of the twelve districts of the canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its capital is the city of Uster.

Municipalities 
Uster contains 10 municipalities:

Districts of Zürich
Winterthur is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its capital is the city of Winterthur.

Municipalities 
Winterthur contains 19 municipalities:

References 

Districts of Zürich
Adlikon bei Andelfingen is a municipality of the district Andelfingen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of Zürich
My Story is a series of books by many different writers.  Each book is a diary of a fictional girl who lived through a famous time in history.

About the books 
Sometimes, the main character from one book is the mother of the main character from another book.  For example, Tilly Middleton from Bloody Tower is the mother of Kitty Lumsden from The Queen's Spies.  

At the end of each book, there is some information about the time in history the book was about.  Sometimes there is a timeline, or a fictional biography of the main character.

List of My Story books 

Series of books
Fiction books
Yair Auron (, Ya'ir Oron; born April 30, 1945) is an Israeli historian, scholar and expert specializing  on Holocaust and Genocide studies, racism and contemporary Jewry. Since 2005 he is the head of the Department of Sociology, Political Science and Communication, The Open University of Israel, Associate Professor.

Biography
From 1974 to 1976 Auron worked as the Director of the Education Department, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, in the 1980s he was a researcher of the Center for Jewish Education, Hebrew University and Academic director of European Section, The Israel Diaspora Institute, Tel-Aviv University. In 1996-1999 he was a Senior Lecturer in College of Yezreel, Head of the Division of Cultural Studies.

Books
 Jewish-Israeli Identity, Sifriat Poalim (with Kibutzim College of Education), Tel-Aviv, 1993, 204 pp. (Hebrew).
 The Banality of Indifference: The Attitude of the Yishuv and the Zionist Movement to the Armenian Genocide, Dvir (with Kibutzim College of Education), Tel-Aviv, 1995, 395 pp. (Hebrew).
 Les Juifs d’Extrême Gauche en Mai 68, Albin Michel, Paris, 1998, 335 pp.
 We are all German Jews: Jewish Radicals in France During the Sixties and Seventies, Am Oved (with Tel-Aviv University and Ben-Gurion University ), Tel-Aviv, 1999, 288 pp. (Hebrew, translation of the French edition, with revisions).
 The Banality of Indifference: Zionism and the Armenian Genocide, Transaction, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, 2000, 405 pp. (translation of the Hebrew edition, with revisions and adaptations). Second Edition, Transaction Publishers, 2001; Third Edition, 2003.
 The Banality of Denial, Transaction, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, 2003, 338 pp.
 Denial: Israel and the Armenian Genocide, Maba, Tel Aviv, 2005 [Hebrew edition, with revisions and adaptations].
 The Pain of Knowledge - Holocaust and Genocide issues in Education, Transaction, New Brunswick, 2005. A German edition was published by Der Schmerz des Wissens, Verlag Edition AV, Lich/Hessen, 2005.

Other websites
Prof. Yair Auron
Hebrew University Jerusalem, Israel Armenian Studies Program

1945 births
Living people
Israeli academics
Israeli historians
Jewish academics
Jewish Israeli writers
Gniezno (pronounced ) is a city in central-western Poland, about 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 70,000 people. It is in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. It is the administrative capital of the Gniezno County (powiat). Gniezno is a cradle of the Polish state and until 1038 was capital of Poland. In the 1000 here took place Gniezno Congress, meeting betwen duke Boleslaus I the Brave and Otto III, the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. In Gniezno Cathedral until 14th century took place royal coronations. Patron of Gniezno is Saint Adalbert of Prague.

Cities in Poland
Former national capitals
The Birmingham to Peterborough Line is an important cross-country train track in the United Kingdom, making a connection from the Midlands to East Anglia. Passenger services are given by CrossCountry and East Midlands Trains, serving the following places:
Birmingham (New Street)
Water Orton
Coleshill
Nuneaton (The station used to be called Nuneaton Trent Valley)
Hinckley
Narborough
Wigston (South Wigston)
Leicester (The station used to be called Leicester London Road)
Melton Mowbray
Oakham
Stamford
Peterborough (The station used to be called Peterborough North)

On other tracks (Ely to Peterborough, Breckland and West Anglia) the trains keep going after Peterborough, through March and Ely to Thetford and Norwich or Wendens Ambo (Audley End) and Stansted Airport. Many of them run to Stansted. Services for Norwich come back out of Ely.  

Other services using part of the Birmingham to Peterborough Line include Birmingham to Leicester local (close by) trains. The tracks also have a lot of cargo on the trains, being one of the big train tracks to Birmingham Freightliner Terminal (on the site of Birmingham Lawley Street railway station).

Stations that are not there anymore 

Stations that are not on these tracks anymore are:
Croft railway station at Croft
Blaby railway station at Blaby
Glen Parva railway station at Glen Parva
Leicester
Syston
Rearsby railway station at Rearsby
Brooksby railway station at Brooksby
Frisby railway station at Frisby
Asfordby railway station at Asfordby
Ketton

Rail transport in England
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler is a novel by E. L. Konigsburg that won the Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature in 1968.

Story

This book tells the story of Claudia Kincaid, an 11-year-old girl who feels unappreciated by her parents.  She decides to run away from home just long enough to show her family what they would be missing without her.  Unfortunately, she does not enjoy hardship or discomfort, so running away has lots of problems.  To solve this problem, Claudia decides to stay at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. She tells her brother Jamie to accompany her: he's quiet, but most importantly, he has a secret stash of cash he's gotten by cheating at card games with his best friend, Bruce.

Much of the first part of the novel details how Claudia and Jamie settle in at the museum: blending in with school groups on field trips during the day to get a free presentation, hiding in the restroom at closing time to stay there, and emerging at night to bathe in the fountain and sleep on antique beds.  During their stay, they become fascinated with the newest exhibit: a beautiful statue of an angel, thought to have been crafted by Michelangelo.  Their time and money are spent trying to find the secret of the statue, hidden somewhere in the unorganized files of the statue's old owner, Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler, who lives in Farmington, Connecticut.
She says,"You can know the secret only if you can find the truth from my mixed up files." They find the truth under the file "Bologna". They go home, and by their choice, Jamie and Claudia turn out to be the grandchildren of Mrs Frankweiler's lawyer, Saxonberg.

In other media
This novel was made into a movie in 1973, starring Ingrid Bergman in the title role. It later became a made-for-TV movie in 1995, starring Lauren Bacall in the title role.

In the television series The Simpsons, the plot was mimicked in the episodes "Smart and Smarter," in which Lisa hides in a local science museum in embarrassment at finding her baby sister is smarter than she, and the episode "Last Tap Dance in Springfield" features Bart and Milhouse hiding out in the shopping mall for one week while on a camping trip. The movie The Royal Tenenbaums has a scene in which characters Margot and Richie hide in a museum; in the movie's DVD commentary, Wes Anderson states that this was an homage to the novel, the aquarium.

References

Other websites
 E.L. Konigsburg at Houghton Mifflin Eduplace website 

Children's books
Newbery Medal winning books
Dippoldiswalde is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It was the capital city of the Weißeritzkreis district. Today, Dippoldiswalde is a city in Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Rural District. It is  east of Freiberg, and  south of Dresden.

The town is on the Weisseritz railway, a narrow gauge railway powered by steam locomotives.

References

Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Rural District
Großenhain is the capital of the Riesa-Großenhain Rural District, Saxony, Germany.

History
Großenhain was originally a Sorbian settlement. It was first mentioned in 1205.

Geography
Großenhain is on the river Röder, 30 km northwest of Dresden, and 17 km east of Riesa.

It is also on Via Regia from Görlitz to Santiago de Compostela.

Localities

Famous people
 Karl Benjamin Preusker (1786-1871): Founder of the first public library in Germany (1828)
 Manfred von Richthofen (1892-1918): German fighter pilot known as The Red Baron, was trained at the local airport
 Corinna Harfouch (*1954): German actress, spent her childhood in Großenhain
 Heino (*1938): German schlager artist, spent his childhood in Großenhain

References

Meißen Rural District
Meißen (, Latin: Misnia, Misena) is a town of about 30,000 near Dresden on both banks of the Elbe in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meißen is the home of Meißen porcelain. Meißen is the capital city of Meißen Rural District

During World War II, a subcamp of Flossenburg concentration camp was in Meißen.

Porcelain 

Meißen is famous for the manufacture of porcelain. This is because there are big local deposits of china clay (kaolin) and potter's clay (potter's earth). Meißen porcelain was the first high quality porcelain to be produced outside of China.

The first European porcelain was made in Meißen in 1710, when the Royal Porcelain Factory was opened in the Albrechtsburg. In 1861, it was moved to the Triebisch valley of Meißen, where the Meißen porcelain factory can still be found today.

Notable residents 
 St. Benno (1010-1106), Bishop of Meißen
 Heinrich Frauenlob (died 1318), poet
 Johann Klaj (1616-1656), poet
 Johann Elias Schlegel (1719-1749), critic and poet
 Johann Adolf Schlegel (1721-1793), poet and clergyman
 Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843), physician
 Karl G. Maeser (1828-1901), Mormon academic
 Ralf Schumann (born 1962), Olympic shooter

Related pages
 Missingsch
 List of Margraves of Meißen
 Rulers of Saxony
 Saxon Switzerland

References

Other websites 

 Municipal website 
 Giga-Catholic
 Meissen Porcelain 
 History of Meissen Porcelain Works
 Further information on Tourism 
 Webcam Meissen 

Meißen Rural District
The Best Damn Thing is an album and hit song by musical artist Avril Lavigne. It was released April 17, 2007. The lead single off the album, "Girlfriend" was released on February 27, 2007. The song was very successful and peaked in a lot of countries #1. This was Lavigne's first Billboard Hot 100 chart number one. The second single, "When You're Gone" was released on June 19, 2007. The song was quite successful, peaking at #3 on the UK Singles Chart. The third single, "Hot" was released on October 2, 2007. The song was unsuccessful in the U.S, it debuted two months after its release on the Billboard Hot 100 at #95. But the song was successful in Canada, it peaked at #10 on the Canadian Hot 100. The fourth and final single from the album was "The Best Damn Thing". It was released on June 24, 2008. The single was not very successful, it peaked at #76 on the Canadian Hot 100. The Best Damn Thing sold 6 million copies worldwide.

Track listing

Original / Deluxe Edition 
CD
 "Girlfriend" (Avril Lavigne, Lukasz Gottwald) 3:37
 "I Can Do Better" (Lavigne, Gottwald) 3:17
 "Runaway" (Lavigne, Gottwald, Kara DioGuardi) 3:48
 "The Best Damn Thing" (Lavigne, Butch Walker) 3:10
 "When You're Gone" (Lavigne, Walker) 4:00
 "Everything Back But You" (Lavigne, Walker) 3:03
 "Hot" (Lavigne, Evan Taubenfeld) 3:23
 "Innocence" (Lavigne, Taubenfeld) 3:53
 "I Don't Have to Try" (Lavigne, Gottwald) 3:17
 "One of Those Girls" (Lavigne, Taubenfeld) 2:56
 "Contagious" (Lavigne, Taubenfeld) 2:10
 "Keep Holding On" (Lavigne, Gottwald) 4:00

Deluxe Edition Bonus DVD
 "The Making of The Best Damn Thing"
 "Photo Gallery"

Limited Edition 
CD
 "Girlfriend" (explicit) 3:37
 "I Can Do Better" (explicit) 3:17
 "Runaway" 3:48
 "The Best Damn Thing" 3:10
 "When You're Gone" 4:00
 "Everything Back But You" (explicit) 3:03
 "Hot" 3:23
 "Innocence" 3:53
 "I Don't Have to Try" (explicit) 3:17
 "One of Those Girls" 2:56
 "Contagious" 2:10
 "Keep Holding On" 4:00
 "Alone"1 (Avril Lavigne, Lukasz Gottwald, Max Martin) 3:14
 "I Will Be" (Avril Lavigne, Lukasz Gottwald, Max Martin) 4:00
 "I Can Do Better" (acoustic version) (explicit) 3:40
 "Girlfriend" (The Submarines' Time Warp '66 mix) (explicit) 3:11
 "Girlfriend (Dr. Luke Remix)" (featuring Lil Mama) (A. Lavigne, L. Gottwald, Niatia Kirkland) 3:25

DVD
Live at Orange Lounge
 "Everything Back But You" 3:02
 "Girlfriend" 3:39
 "Hot" 3:22
 "When You're Gone" 3:57

Music Videos
 "Girlfriend" 3:48
 "When You're Gone" 4:01
 "Hot" 3:23
 "Girlfriend (Dr. Luke Remix feat. Lil Mama)" 3:25

1 Also available on Girlfriend single.

References

Avril Lavigne albums
2007 albums
Pop rock albums
Punk albums
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants is a series of books by Ann Brashares. It is about a group of girls named Bridget (the leader), Lena Kigales (the shy and beautiful), Carmen (the dramatic one), and Tibby (the rebellious girl). These girls find a pair of pants that fit all four of them, though one girl is fat, one girl is short and one girl is super thin. There are 4 books in the series. It was made into a film in 2005.

Fiction books
Series of books
Complicated was the first and perhaps the most popular song sung by Avril Lavigne. It was released in 2002. It was on her album Let Go. Other songs on the same CD single are "I Don't Give" and additional "Why"  on maxi-cds.   
It was at one point #1 in the charts in Canada, UK, Australia and the US. She was 17 when she sang it and she and her band wrote it together.

2002 songs
Avril Lavigne songs
A navel piercing is type of piercing to the bellybutton. It is the second most popular piercing, next to ear piercing. It is considered a form of body art. There can be multiple piercings and it is possible to change rings, depending on how you pierce it.

Jewelry
The Brazilian Flag is the flag of Brazil. It is the flag that has gone through the most changes and the current flag was made and used in May of 1992, and still use it today.

Flag 
It has gone through changes many times, changes including stars, colour and other things.

A list of constellations and stars on the map:
 Procyon (α Canis Minoris),
 Canis Major, with the largest star depicting Sirius,
 Canopus (α Carinae),
 Spica (α Virginis)
 Hydra
 Crux
 Sigma Octantis (σ Octantis; south pole star)
 Triangulum Australe
 Scorpius, with the largest star depicting Antares

Brazil
Brazil
From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler is a 1995 television movie based on E.L. Konigsburg's novel From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler. The story is about a girl and her brother who run away from home to live in the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art and find what they think is a lost treasure. The children, Claudia and Jamie, are amazed with the treasure and would not leave without knowing what its secret is. Lauren Bacall stars in the title role.

Before this movie, the book was made into a 1973 feature movie starring Ingrid Bergman, later released on home video as The Hideaways.

Cast
 Lauren Bacall as Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler
 Jean Marie Barnwell as Claudia Eleanor Kincaid
 Jesse Lee Soffer as James Lincoln "Jamie" Kincaid
 Miriam Flynn as Evelyn Kincaid
 Mark L. Taylor as Ralph Kincaid
 M. Emmet Walsh as Morris
 Devon Gummersall as Steve Kincaid
 Del Hunter-White as Cora
 Warren Munson as Mr. Jordan
 Everett Wong as Bruce
 Tim Haldeman as Herbert
 El Konigsburg as Sarah

Other websites
 

1995 movies
Television movies
Movies based on books
624 Hektor is the biggest of the Jovian Trojan asteroids. It was found in 1907 by August Kopff.

Hektor is a D-type asteroid, dark and reddish in colour. It lies in Jupiter's leading Lagrangian point, L4, called the 'Greek' node after one of the two sides in the legendary Trojan War. Ironically, Hektor is named after the Trojan hero Hektor, and is thus one of two Trojan asteroids that is "misplaced" in the wrong camp (the other being 617 Patroclus in the Trojan node).

Hektor is one of the most stretched bodies of its size in the solar system, being 370 × 200 km. It is thought that Hektor might be a contact binary (two asteroids joined by gravitational attraction) like 216 Kleopatra. Hubble Space Telescope sightings of Hektor in 1993 did not show an obvious stretched shape because of a limited angular resolution.  On July 17, 2006, the Keck-10m II telescope and its Laser guide star Adaptive Optics (AO) system indicated a stretched shape for Hektor. Additionally, since this AO system provides an excellent and stable correction (angular resolution of 0.060 arcsec in K band), a 15-km moon at 1000 km from Hektor was found. The moon's provisional designation is S/2006 (624) 1.  Hektor is, so far, the only known binary Trojan asteroid in the L4 point and the first Trojan with a moon. 617 Patroclus, another big Trojan asteroid in the L5, is made of two same-sized asteroids.

References

Other websites 
 Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Ephemeris

Trojan asteroids
The Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards or simply Golden Horse is a movie festival and awards ceremony held annually in Taiwan. The ceremony usually takes place in November or December in Taipei.

The awards, contested by movies submitted from Taiwan, Hong Kong, China and elsewhere, are generally held to be the most prestigious for Chinese language movies outside the People's Republic of China. The awards ceremony is held after the month-long movie festival, which showcases some of the nominated movies for the awards. 

Winners are selected by a jury of judges during the week before the ceremony is held. Winners are awarded with a golden horse statuette.

Under current rules and regulations, every movie made primarily in any dialect of Chinese language is eligible for competition. Since 1996, almost any artist or movie from mainland China was allowed to enter the movie  festival.

Other websites 
 金馬獎官方網站 Golden Horse Official Website
 The 42nd Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards
 Cri.CN
 Golden Horse 2005 
 Golden Horse 2004

Movie awards
Movie festivals
Taipei
Festivals in Asia
The Golden Melody Awards () or sometimes shorted to just Golden Melody are music awards annually presented in Taiwan. The Awards began in 1990.

Categories for Awards 
This is an incomplete list.
 Best Feature Film
 Best Short Film
 Best Director
 Best Documentary
 Best Animation
 Best Director
 Best Leading Actor
 Best Leading Actress
 Best Supporting Actor
 Best Supporting Actress
 Best New Performer
 Best Original Screenplay

Other websites 

 Official website at the Government Information Office

References 

Music awards
C-pop
Ella Koon, real name Ianna Koon, is a Chinese singer, actress and model.  She was born in Tahiti, French Polynesia, and was raised in Hong Kong, where she is currently based.

She speaks Cantonese, English, French and Mandarin languages.

Life

Early career 
After finishing high school in Birmingham, England, she began her career as a model in 2000. She debuted into the film industry in the romance movie I Do.

Later career 
In 2004, she started her singing career and released her debut Original (album). In early 2005, She participated in the TVB show Hotel Situation. Her second album Ellacadabra was released in late 2005. In mid-2005, Koon starred in the TVB's series Revolving Doors of Vengeance (酒店風雲), making her a well-known actress as well. She also starred in Survivor's Law II in 2007.

Discography
Original (2004)
Ellacadabra (2005)
Lose Sanity: 失常 (2006)
Stages (2008)
Being (2010)
Take a Shine To... (2011)

References and other websites

Ella's Official Blog 
Takungpao.com 
Ella in Pinkwork City (when she was a newcomer)
Ella Interview with Sound & Video

1979 births
Living people
French Polynesia
Chinese singers
Chinese movie actors
Survivor's Law II is a Chinese TV drama series. It aired in Hong Kong starting 24 December 2007 and ending 18 January 2008. It is the sequel to the 2003 series Survivor's Law. However, three members of the original cast did not appear in this sequel due.

Plot synopsis
MK Sun (real name Sun Man Kwan) was a teenager who once stopped a drug smuggler, but then was wrongly accused of being the one taking drugs. Despite his background, he hired a famous lawyer to help him and not surprisingly, he won. The lawyer, named Brandon, became his idol, and MK Sun grew up to be a lawyer.

Years later, MK was trying to get a job in his idol's company, T&B. He beats Brandon's wife, Brenda in a case, and started working there. There he meets a stubborn, rich, and spoiled girl named Lily, who only cares about her self and appearnace. They became enemies because of each other's backgrounds and attitudes.

MK then meets Vincent. Vincent thought of MK as ghetto, but soon realizes he was wrong. After having a fight with him in soccer, Vincent punched the umpire but MK Sun took the blame. Soon, they become friends.

After splitting with his former girlfriend Jessica, Vincent falls in love with a coffee shop girl called Choi Yuk. Vincent had his license for being a lawyer taken away for three years and could not get his license back yet. After getting a chance to work again and start a new refreshing career, he started only caring for himself. He was so determined that he went against Choi Yuk and her family, and even MK. Choi Yuk thought he betrayed them and only cared about himself so she ended the relationship.

After a while, Lily and MK start to have feelings for each other and eventually get married in court.

Soon, Choi Yuk gets into hospital after taking a beating in the head by someone and falling into a coma, and gives birth to a baby boy Jophy. Vincent then gets hit in the head when Choi Yuk wakes up and loses his memory. However, to prevent Choi Yuk from despairing too much from not remembering her and Jophy, he proposes and they get married.

Vincent never regains his memory and ends up working in the shop with Choi Yuk. MK and Lily share a happy and playful relationship.

Cast
 Kenneth Ma as MK Sun (Sun Man Kwan)
 Sammul Chan as Vincent Cheuk (Cheuk Wai Ming)
 Ella Koon as Lily Suen (Suen Lei Lei)
 Selena Li as Chang Choi Yuk
 Waise Lee as Brandon
 Rebecca Chan as Brenda
 Kwok Fung as Suen Bak To
 Queenie Chu as Noel Kan Ming Wei
 June Chan as Lai Na
 Power Chan as Sun Man Kam
 Yoyo Chen as Stephy
 Sharon Luk as Vice Principal
 Bernice Liu as Jessica

Ratings 
 Week 1 (Episodes 1-5): 26 points
 Week 2 (Episodes 6-9): 29 points, peaking at 31 points
 Week 3 (Episodes 10-15): 31 points
 Week 4 (Episodes 16-20): 31 points, peaking at 37 points

References
 Official Web Site 
 K for TVB Synopsis and Screenpcaptures

Drama television series
The word Benedictine usually refers to a follower of the Order of Saint Benedict. These people usually lead a life in an abbey. They follow the rule of Benedict of Nursia. Benedict lived in the 6th century. He made some rules, called the Rule of St Benedict these people follow. The rules can be summed up by pax (peace) and ora et labora (pray and work). 

Most Benedictines see themselves as part of the Catholic Church. Some can also be found in the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Anglican Church. Officially, the order is known as Ordo Sancti Benedicti (OSB).
The word Franciscan refers to followers of one of the religious orders that follow the Rule of St Francis. Saint Francis of Assisi lived in the 13th century. Franciscans usually lead simple lives without much money. Today, there are three main branches of these orders. They mostly see themselves as part of the Roman Catholic or Anglican Church. There are also small communities in the Old Catholic and Protestant Church.

 

cs:Řád menších bratří
A geographical coordinate system is a coordinate system. This means that every place can be specified by a set of three numbers, called coordinates. 

A full circle can be divided into 360 degrees (or 360°); this was first done by the Babylonians; Ancient Greeks, like Ptolemy later extended the theory.

Today, degrees are divided further. There are minutes, and seconds; 1 minute (or 1') in this context is 1/60 of a degree; 1 second (or 1") is 1/60 of a minute.

The first concept needed is called latitude (Lat, or the Greek symbol "phi", ). For it, the Earth is cut up into 180 circles, from the Equator at 0°. The poles are at 90°, the North Pole is at 90° N(orth), the South Pole is at 90° S(outh). Places with the same latitude are on a circle, around the Earth.

The other concept is called longitude (Long, or the Greek symbol "lambda", ), sometimes referred to as "meridian". The 0° longitude line (or zero meridian) goes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich. Greenwich is a part of London. Then lines are drawn in a similar way; the opposite (or "antipodal") meridian of Greenwich is considered both 180°W(est), and 180°E(ast).

The third number is the height, altitude, or depth. This is given with respect to some fixed (usually easily calculable point). One of these is called mean sea level.

Coordinate systems
Geocodes
''For other uses of the word "scale" see scale (disambiguation)

Scales are used to measure the weight of an item. To use a scale, the item which needs to be weighed is put on one side of the scale. Then, weight stones are put on the other side. Once the scale balances (that is the indicator between the two scales is in the middle), the correct weight is chosen.

There are also modern scales, where the item is simply put on the scale. Its weight can then be read from an electronic or analogue display. 

Weighting Scales are used to measure the weight of an item. To use a scale, the item which needs to be weighed is put on one side of the scale. Then, usually stones are put on the other side to compare the weight of the stone with the weight of the object you have chosen. If both cups are in the middle, it means that the weights of the objects are equal. If one cup is more up while the other one is down, it means that the one that is down is the heavier one. For example:  If you place a small stone in one cup, and a watch in the other cup, and the cup with the watch goes down and the stone obviously goes up, it means that the watch has a greater weight than the stone.

Other websites
"The Precious Necklace Regarding Weigh Scales" is an old book from 1780 that was written by an Egyptian writer about scales
"Industrial electronic scales" - Learn more about Industrial electronic scales.

Basic English 850 words
Measuring tools
Harz is a rural district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

History 
The district was made by joining the old districts of Halberstadt, Wernigerode and Quedlinburg as well as the city of Falkenstein (from the district of Aschersleben-Staßfurt). This was part of the reform of all districts in 2007.

Towns and municipalities

References
STS-122 is the name of the 121st flight of the Space Shuttle, taking seven people into outer space to visit the International Space Station. The flight delivered a module to the space station, called Columbus. The Space Shuttle Atlantis carried the module. The flight started at 19:45 UTC, on 7 February 2008, from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The flight ended on 20 February, at 14:07 UTC, when the Shuttle went back to the Kennedy Space Center.

Crew
Seven people were aboard the Space Shuttle. They are; Stephen Frick, who was the Commander, the man in charge of the Space Shuttle, Alan G. Poindexter, who was the Pilot, the man who flied the Shuttle, Leland D. Melvin, Rex J. Walheim, Hans Schlegel and Stanley G. Love, who were there to fit the Columbus onto the space station. Léopold Eyharts was also on board. He lived on the Space Station for a month. Daniel M. Tani, who was on the space station came home aboard the Soyuz spacecraft.

Flight

Launch 
The flight was originally scheduled to launch, on 6 December 2007. A problem with a part of the fuel tank used to work out how much fuel was left went wrong, which meant the start of the flight had to be delayed. After the same part went wrong in an attempt to start the flight on 9 December, the start of the flight was moved to January 2008, and later to February. The flight started on 7 February 2008. Some people at NASA were worried that bad weather might stop the launch, but the bad weather cleared up in time for a good launch.

Landing 
At 13:00 UTC, a 2-minute-43-second de-orbit (opposite of making an orbit) burn was conducted. Then it entered in the atmosphere at 13:35 UTC. Atlantis touched down on Runway 15 of the Kennedy Space Center at 9:07:10 EST (14:07:10 UTC). The wheels of the orbiter stopped at 09:08:08 EST (14:08:08 UTC).

Mission
The people aboard STS-122 had several jobs to do. The main job was to add the new room, or module, Columbus, to the space station. To do this, a robot arm, called a Remote Manipulator System, or RMS, will be used to lift Columbus out of the Space Shuttle, and move it over to a gap in the side of the space station. Two of the crew will then go outside, and fit parts to the module. Columbus will be used for scientific research.

References

Space Shuttle flights
2008 in the United States
February events
Silverwing is a best-selling novel, written by Kenneth Oppel and published in Simon & Schuster. It follows the journey for a group of silver-haired bats. The tone and artistic honor for bestsellers were compared to Watership Down. The four novels became part of the series. The first book was adapted into an animated television miniseries on Teletoon and Jetix. It was also released on DVD.

Story 
The series has four novels for the series, including the original one, Sunwing, Firewing and Darkwing.

Long ago, the rest of the animals banished the bats for not taking sides in the great war. Years later, the bats often roam outside at night to avoid the sun (the backstory inspired by Aesop's fable). When Shade breaks the law for the colony, the owls destroy their home, forcing the bats to migrate. Shade befriends Marina and learns an echo projection from Zephyr. Shade and Marina meet Goth and Throbb, two cannibal bats (Vampyrum spectrum) who were captured from South America and escaped from the laboratory. After Shade and Marina reunite with the colony, the bats resolve conflicts with the animals. After finding Cassiel, the owls allow the bats to roam outside anytime. Shade's son, Griffin, travels to the underworld, along with his friend Luna. After Shade sacrifices himself to foil the plan of Cama Zotz (a bat god opposing Nocturna), Griffin and Luna return home.

Characters 
Shade Silverwing: A silver-haired bat who uses echo projection.

Marina Brightwing: A red bat living in the island.

Chinook: The son of Plato and Isis.

Frieda: A wise bat making decisions and having a silver band. She later dies in Sunwing.

Ariel: Shade's mother and Cassiel's mate.

Goth: One of the cannibal bats living in the jungle and the servant of Cama Zotz and Nocturna, the goddesses of bats.

Throbb: Goth's brother-in-law who is killed by a thunderstorm in the novel.

Other websites

Novels
1997 books
The Space Shuttle Columbia (OV-102)was a spacecraft used by NASA to fly into outer space. It was the first Space Shuttle to fly into space, on April 12, 1981. It broke apart while re-entering the Earth's atmosphere on February 1, 2003, killing all seven people who were on it at the time. The shuttle flew a total of 28 missions. The Columbia was named after a US Navy ship that circumnavigated the world in 1836. It was also the name of the Apollo 11 Lunar Excursion Module.

Cause of destruction 

A piece of insulating foam from the external fuel tank peeled off during the launch 16 days earlier and struck the shuttle's left wing.
A hole was punctured in the leading edge of the wing. During the intense heat of re-entry, hot gases entered the interior of the wing, destroying the support structures and causing the rest of the shuttle to break apart.

Crew

 Commander: Rick D. Husband, a U.S. Air Force colonel and mechanical engineer, who piloted a previous shuttle during the first docking with the International Space Station (STS-96).
 Pilot: William C. McCool, a U.S. Navy commander
 Payload Commander: Michael P. Anderson, a U.S. Air Force lieutenant colonel and physicist who was in charge of the science mission.
 Payload Specialist: Ilan Ramon, a colonel in the Israeli Air Force and the first Israeli astronaut.
 Mission Specialist: Kalpana Chawla, an Indian-born aerospace engineer on her second space mission.
 Mission Specialist: David M. Brown, a U.S. Navy captain trained as an aviator and flight surgeon. Brown worked on a number of scientific experiments.
 Mission Specialist: Laurel Clark, a U.S. Navy captain and flight surgeon. Clark worked on a number of biological experiments.

Missions

References 

Columbia
MADtv was a television show that aired on FOX from October 14, 1995 to May 16, 2009. It is a comedic show where they perform sketches, improv and songs. It is rated TV-14 because of profane language and sexual substances. It was on air for fourteen seasons. It showed at 23:00/22:00 central.

It has been nominated for Emmy Awards, Image Awards and Young Artist Awards.

On November 12, 2008, it was announced that their 14th season is the last season. In July 26, 2016, MADtv come back until September 27, 2016.

References

Comedy television series
Fox television series
English-language television programs
1995 television series debuts
2016 television series endings