cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Daily Prothom Alo (Prothom Alo "First Light") is a popular daily newspaper in Bangladesh, published from Dhaka in the Bengali language. According to National Media Survey 2014, conducted by MRB Bangladesh, more than 4.3 million people read the print edition of Prothom Alo every day. The online portal of Prothom Alo is the most visited Bangladeshi and Bengali website of the world.  Prothom Alo started its journey on 4 November 1998.

History
Prothom Alo was founded on 4 November 1998. The newspaper distinguished itself by its investigations of acid attacks and violence against women and pushing for tougher laws against the sale of acid. From press facilities located in Dhaka, Chittagong and Bogra, around 5,00,000 copies (as of March ‘2014) are circulated each day. According to National Media Survey 2012, everyday 5.1 million people read the print edition of Prothom Alo. The claimed readership of the print edition of this newspaper is 9.6 million.  According to a brand equity study conducted by Quantum Consumer Solutions Limited, Prothom Alo is considered to be the most influential newspaper brand in Bangladesh.

Digital platforms 
The online portal of Prothom Alo (www.prothom-alo.com) is the number 1 Bangladeshi website in the world.This portal is accessed by 1.6 million visitors from 200 different countries and territories across the globe with 60 million pageview per month. The e-paper site of Prothom Alo (www.eprothomalo.com) is also the Number 1 e-paper Web site of Bangladesh.  From 160 countries, 465 thousand visitors access this website with more than 26 million pageview per month.

Sister concerns 
Prothom Alo, which belongs to Mediastar Ltd., has the following sister concerns:
 ABC Radio FM 89.2
 Prothoma Prokashon
 Protichinta
 Kishor Alo
 Biggan Chinta
 Chakri.com (formar Prothom Alo Jobs)

Criticism 
Prothom Alo is often criticized for its liberal attitude. A  cartoon by Arifur Rahman was published in Alpin about a jokes partly related with religion, caused protests against the Newspaper. A subsequent order was given from the government to ban the supplement. The editor of the Prothom Alo acknowledged the gaffe. In a statement released by Prothom Alo, the editor of Alpin, Matiur Rahman, apologised, expressing regret for publishing the cartoon. The cartoonist was jailed for six months and two days, he was arrested 18 of September 2007 and released 20 of March 2008.

In 2012, a High Court bench issued an injunction on the publication of Humayun Ahmed’s political fiction Deyal at daily Prothom Alos weekly Shahitto Samwiki on a Friday.

References 

1998 establishments in Asia
Newspapers in Asia
20th-century establishments in Bangladesh
Syed Waliullah (; August 15, 1922 – October 10, 1971) was a Bangladeshi novelist, short-story writer and playwright. He is notable for his first novel Lalsalu. This novel has been translated in English with the title "Tree Without Roots". He received Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1961 for his contribution in novel. He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1984 and Bangladesh National Film Awards for best story in 2001 both by Government of Bangladesh posthumously.

Early life
Waliullah was born on 15 August 1922 at Sholashahar in Chittagong District.  His father's name is Syed Ahmadullah. He was a government officer. Waliullah spent his childhood in Mymensingh, Feni, Krishnanagar and Kurigram district. He passed matriculation from Kurigram High School in 1939 and IA from Dhaka College in 1941. He graduated from Ananda Mohan College in 1943. Later, he admitted to University of Calcutta but did not complete his post graduation.

Works
Novels
 Lalsalu (Tree without roots), 1948
 Chander Amaboshay (Dark moon), 1964
 Kando Nadi Kando (Cry, o river), 1968
 The Ugly Asian, 1959

Dramas
 Bahipir (1960)
 Tarangabhanga (1964)
 Sudanga (1964)

Short story collection
 Nayanchara (1951)
 Dui Tir O Anyanya Galpa

References

1922 births
1971 deaths
Bangladeshi writers
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
Bangladeshi Muslims
Recipients of Bangladesh National Film Awards
This list includes the official (de jure) FIFA club world champions;“While it does not promote the statistical unification of tournaments, that is, has not absorbed to the Intercontinental Cup (merged with FIFA Club World Cup in 2005), the title was conferred by official documents from the world federation so it is legally a FIFA world title.  cfr.  cfr. the international official competitions are trophies organized by FIFA or affiliated federations (for FIFA statute).In synthesis FIFA has two types of world champions, those coming from the Intercontinental Cup and from the Club World Cup, the two competitions confer the same title, that of FIFA club world champion.

Competitions

Official competitions

 The FIFA Club World Cup is a competition for club football teams. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) organizes the World Cup every year (annually). The tournament officially decides the world title. It is contested by the winner of that years AFC Champions League (Asia), CAF Champions League (Africa), CONCACAF Champions League (North America), Copa Libertadores (South America), OFC Champions League (Oceania), and UEFA Champions League (Europe), along with the host country's national champions. As required by the regulations (integrated to the statute), a representative from FIFA presents the winner with the FIFA Club World Cup trophy and with a FIFA World Champions certificate.

 The Intercontinental Cup (1960-2004) or European/South American Cup or Toyota Cup, was a football competition organized by UEFA and CONMEBOL. The competition was contested between the winners of the European UEFA Champions League and the South American Copa Libertadores. The cup was called the World Club Championship (de facto) until the first FIFA Club World Cup was held in 2000 (pilot edition). From 2005 the Intercontinental Cup was replaced by the FIFA Club World Cup. The FIFA Club World Cup also includes CONCACAF, AFC, CAF, and OFCwinners. In 2017 the FIFA Congress officially recognized all of them as club world champions (de jure) with the same status to the FIFA Club World Cup winners or  FIFA World Champions.
The football experts agree that the Intercontinental Cup is the most fascinating football competition that ever existed thanks to the great balance in the field given by the lower economic gap of the time and rules on foreign players who gradually favored the European teams and weakened the South American teams; there are many sources and statistics that confirm this.

Winners  

There are also federations not connected to FIFA (:en:Non-FIFA international football), also for this reason the titles recognized and awarded by FIFA are intended as titles of the federation in question. An officially recognized title, by definition, is official.

In accordance to what is formally communicated by FIFA, the total count of official world titles is as follows:

Related pages 
FIFA
Asian Football Confederation
Confederation of African Football
CONCACAF
CONMEBOL
Oceania Football Confederation
UEFA
 National teams world champions (football)

References 

FIFA
CONMEBOL
Football competitions
UEFA
Trannyshack is a San Francisco drag club started by drag queen Heklina, and takes place at The Stud Bar. It has been a Tuesday fixture in San Francisco for over many years.

This club has hosted many celebrities from Mary Wilson of the Supremes to Charo, RuPaul, Gwen Stefani, Alaska Thunderfuck, Lady Bunny, and more.

In addition, Trannyshack holds the annual Miss Trannyshack Contest. At one time, Ana Matronic of the Scissor Sisters lived in San Francisco, where she performed at Trannyshack and was the first and only female to reach the finals of the Miss Trannyshack pageant.

Events
LGBT entertainers
San Francisco
Heklina is the stage name of Stefan Grygelko, who founded Mother formerly Trannyshack (1996), is an American actor, drag queen, and entrepreneur in San Francisco.  Heklina is half-Icelandic and named herself after the Icelandic volcano Hekla.

References

Other websites
 Trannyshack website
 Heklina's Official Facebook Page
 Heklina's YouTube video channel
 videos of Heklina's performances and Filthy Gorgeous, The Trannyshack Story
 SF Oasis : The Club 
 Heklina Talks About Mother, The New Incarnation Of Trannyshack At The Oasis 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Paul Julius Nunda (born 12 September 1979), better known
by his stage name Jua Cali, is a Kenyan hip hop artist. In
2000, together with record producer Clemo, he founded
Calif Records where he has been ever since. Jua Cali
performs in Swahili and Sheng in a popular Kenyan style of
rapping called genge.

Early life
Jua Cali was born in Eastlands, Nairobi. His parents, Doreen
Onditi and Evans Onditi (deceased) were both
schoolteachers.

Awards
Won
 2006 Kisima Music Awards – Boomba Male
 2007 Chaguo La Teeniez Awards (CHAT Awards) – Best Male & Celebrity of the Year
 2007 Kisima Music Awards – Best Male Artist & Boomba Male.
 2007 Pearl of Africa Music Awards (PAM Awards) – Best Male Artist (Kenya)
 2008 Chaguo La Teeniez Awards – Favourite Male Artiste & Best Live Stage Performance & Best Collabo Song ("Kwaheri" with Sainapei).

Nominated
 2006 Chaguo La Teeniez Awards – nominated in three categories, but won none of them
 2007 MTV Europe Music Awards – Best Africa Act
 2007 MOBO Awards
 2008 Tanzania Music Awards – Best East African Song ("Kwaheri")
 2008 MTV Africa Music Awards – Best Male

References

Kenyan people
Rap musicians
1979 births
Living people
Charles Byron Renfrew (October 31, 1928 – December 14, 2017) was an American federal judge and politician. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He studied at Princeton University and at the University of Michigan.

Renfrew served as the Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California after being appointed by President Richard Nixon. He served as judge from 1971 through 1980. He then served as United States Deputy Attorney General from 1980 to 1981 under the Jimmy Carter administration.

Renfrew died on December 14, 2017 in San Francisco, California at the age of 89.

References

Other websites
 Charles Byron Renfrew biography 

1928 births
2017 deaths
Lawyers from Detroit
American judges
Politicians from Detroit, Michigan
US Democratic Party politicians
United States Deputy Attorneys General
Lawyers from San Francisco
Politicians from San Francisco
Altero Matteoli (8 September 1940 – 18 December 2017) was an Italian politician. He was born in Cecina, Tuscany.

Matteoli was a member of Forza Italia party. He served as a member of Senate of the Republic. From June 2001 to May 2006, he was the Minister of Environment. He served as Minister of Infrastructures and Transport from May 2008 to November 2011. He was also the mayor of Orbetello from 29 May 2006 to 16 May 2011.

Matteoli died in a car accident on 18 December 2017 in Capalbio, Tuscany at the age of 77.

References

Other websites
 Personal profile at the Senate of the Republic website (in Italian)

1940 births
2017 deaths
Road accident deaths
Italian politicians
Mayors
Politicians from Tuscany
Arseny Borisovich Roginsky (; 30 March 1946 – 18 December 2017) was a Soviet dissident and Russian historian. He was born in Velsk, a town in the Arkhangelsk Region (Northwest Russia).

From 1975 until his arrest in August 1981, he was editor of Memory (Pamyat), a samizdat, i.e. uncensored, almanac of historical studies that was published abroad after 1978. Roginsky was sentenced to four years in a corrective-labour camp and was released in 1985.

During perestroika Roginsky was one of the founders of Memorial, an international historical and civil rights society. that came into existence in the late 1980s. He served as its head from 1998 until his death. A first attempt was made by the authorities to close Memorial in 2014. If Memorial was closed, commented Roginsky at the time, then the organisation's many branches would have to re-register and thereafter restore contacts across the country.

Roginsky died in Tel Aviv, Israel on 18 December 2017 at the age of 71.

References

1946 births
2017 deaths
Russian historians
Activists
Newcomb's paradox is a thought experiment in philosophy, specifically decision theory. The paradox goes as follows:Imagine a super-intelligent entity known as Omega, and suppose you are confident in its ability to predict your choices. (Maybe Omega is an alien from a planet that's much more technologically advanced than ours.)  You know that Omega has often correctly predicted your choices in the past (and has never made an incorrect prediction about your choices), and you also know that Omega has correctly predicted the choices of other people, many of whom are similar to you, in the particular situation about to be described.There are two boxes: A and B. Box A is see-through and contains $1,000. Box B is opaque, and contains either $0 or $1,000,000. You may take both boxes, or only take box B.Omega decides how much money to put into box B.  If Omega believes that you will take both boxes, then he will put $0 in box B.  If Omega believes that you will only take box B, then he will put $1,000,000 in box B.Omega makes its prediction, puts the money in box B ($0 or $1,000,000), presents the boxes to you, and flies away.  Omega does not tell you its prediction, and you do not see how much money Omega put in box B.What do you do?

Argument for only choosing box B 
If Omega is always right, then Omega would only put $1,000,000 in box B when you choose to take only box B.  Since $1,000,000 is more preferable than $1,000, only choosing box B makes the most sense and since Omega is always right, then you should choose box B.

Argument for choosing both boxes 
Since Omega has already left, the amount of money in box B won't change based on the decision you make. Regardless of what's in box B, you can always get another $1,000 by walking away by both boxes.

Thought
Experiments
Philosophy
Logical paradoxes
Bernard Francis Law (November 4, 1931 – December 20, 2017) was an American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico to American parents. He was Archbishop emeritus of Boston, former archpriest of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, and Cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna.

Law was the Archbishop of Boston from 1984 until his resignation on December 13, 2002. He resigned in response to the Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal after church documents showed he had known of sexual abuse committed by dozens of Catholic priests within his archdiocese.

Law died at a hospital in Rome, Italy on December 20, 2017 of prostate cancer at the age of 86.

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
American Roman Catholics
Cancer deaths in Italy
Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church
Deaths from prostate cancer
Roman Catholic archbishops
Oscar Alberto "Lito" Cruz (May 14, 1941 – December 19, 2017) was an Argentine stage director, playwright and actor. He was born in Berisso, Argentina. His career began in 1968. During his career, he won two Martín Fierro Awards (2011, 2014). He was known for his roles in El elegido and in Solamente vos.

Cruz was appointed as National Theatres Director in 1995, a position he used to help have Congress pass the "National Theatre Law" in 1998. The bill helped protect struggling stages against demolition and guaranteed annual subsidies for the art.

Cruz created and produced Sueños de milongueros in 2009, a musical written in homage to authors Jorge Luis Borges and Alejandro Dolina, and cartoonist/satirist Roberto Fontanarrosa.

Cruz died in Buenos Aires on December 19, 2017 of a heart attack at the age of 76.

References

Other websites
 

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Argentine movie actors
Argentine television actors
Argentine stage actors
Argentine writers
Argentine playwrights
Argentine movie directors
Argentine theatre directors
Linda "Lin" Shaye (born October 12, 1943) is an American movie, theater and television actress. She is called a scream queen due to her roles in various horror franchises or movies.

Her best known roles are in A Nightmare on Elm Street, Critters, Insidious, Dead End, 2001 Maniacs and its sequel 2001 Maniacs: Field of Screams, Alone in the Dark, Amityville: A New Generation, Tales of Halloween, Abattoir, Ouija and its prequel Ouija: Origin of Evil.

References

Other websites

1943 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Jewish American actors
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
A Wrinkle in Time is a 2018 American science fantasy adventure movie directed by Ava DuVernay. The screenplay was written by Jennifer Lee and is based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Madeleine L'Engle.

The movie stars Oprah Winfrey, Reese Witherspoon, Mindy Kaling, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Michael Peña, Storm Reid, Zach Galifianakis, and Chris Pine. It had a budget of $103 million.

After learning her astrophysicist father (Chris Pine) is being held captive on a distant planet deep in the grip of a universe-spanning evil, Meg Murry (Storm Reid) works with her highly intelligent younger brother (Deric McCabe), her classmate (Levi Miller), and three astral travelers to save him (Oprah Winfrey, Reese Witherspoon, Mindy Kaling).

The movie was released in the United States by Walt Disney Pictures on March 9, 2018, in Real D 3D and in IMAX 3D.

Cast 
 Oprah Winfrey as Mrs. Which
 Reese Witherspoon as Mrs. Whatsit
 Mindy Kaling as Mrs. Who
 Storm Reid as Meg Murry
 Lyric Wilson as young Meg
 Levi Miller as Calvin O'Keefe
 Deric McCabe as Charles Wallace Murry
 Chris Pine as Dr. Alexander Murry
 Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Dr. Kate Murry
 Zach Galifianakis as Happy Medium
 Michael Peña as Red, 
David Oyelowo as The IT
 Andre Holland as James Jenkins
 Rowan Blanchard as Veronica Kiley
 Bellamy Young as Camazotz Woman
 Conrad Roberts as Elegant Man,
 Will McCormack and Yvette Cason as Two unnamed teachers
 Daniel MacPherson as Mr. O'Keefe,

References

2018 science fiction movies
2010s adventure movies
American science fiction movies
2010s American fantasy movies
2010s American adventure movies
Movies based on books
English-language movies
Disney movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Agostino Cacciavillan (born 14 August 1926) is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church and diplomat. He was born in Novale, Italy. He was Pro-Nuncio to Kenya, India, Nepal, and the United States between 1976 and 1998. He then served as President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See from 1998 to 2002. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 2001.

References

Other websites

1926 births
Living people
Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church
Italian Roman Catholics
Diplomats
Halbe Zijlstra (born January 21, 1969 in Oosterwolde, Friesland) is a former Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).

Early life and education
He studied marketing at Hanze University of Applied Sciences, and sociology at the University of Groningen.

Career
He was on the city council of Utrecht. From 2006 to 2010 he was a member of the Second Chamber. He held the position of Deputy Minister of Education, Culture and Science in the First Rutte cabinet from 2010 to 2012. Then he was his party's parliamentary leader from 2012 to 2017. His highest political position was as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Third Rutte cabinet beginning on October 26, 2017.

On February 13, 2018, Halbe Zijlstra resigned after he had lied about attending meetings with Russian president Vladimir Putin.

Personal life
Halbe Zijlstra is married with one child.

References

Other websites
  Bio at Parlement.com

1969 births
Living people
Deputy government ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch councillors
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from Friesland
The House of Representatives, Dutch: Tweede Kamer (literally Second Chamber), is the lower house of the States General, the parliament of the Netherlands.

It is comparable with the House of Representatives in other countries, because it is chosen by direct elections.

It consists of 150 members, who are chosen every four years or earlier when the government has been brought down.

In contrast with the First Chamber or Senate the Second Chamber has extensive legislative powers.

House of Representatives 2021-present 
The elections for the new House of Representatives were held on Wednesday 17 March 2021. The new House has been installed on 31 March 2021.

Parties with considerable gains are the progressive liberal party D66, the populist parties FVD and JA21, and newcomer Volt. Considerable losses have been suffered by the Christian democratic party CDA, the left parties GL and SP, the populist party PVV, and the senior party 50+.

BBB and BIJ1 have made their first appearance in parliament.

On 6 May 2021, Liane den Haan left 50+ and has become an independent MP. On 13 May 2021, Wybren van Haga and two other MPs left FVD and have become the Group Van Haga. On 12 June 2021, Pieter Omtzigt left the CDA and has become an independent MP.

House of Representatives 2017-2021 
The general elections for this House of Representatives were held on Wednesday 15 March 2017. This House was installed on 23 March 2017 and dissolved on 31 March 2021.

When the results were announced, the Labour Party (PvdA) lost many seats, while the winner, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) led by Mark Rutte, also lost seats, but not as many.

Most of the opposition parties won seats. The populist Party for Freedom (PVV) of Geert Wilders did not win as many seats as were expected of them, but they became second in the number of seats they had. More seats were won by (especially) GreenLeft (GL), Democrats 66 (D66), the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), the Party for the Animals (PvdD), and 50PLUS (50+), along with the newly formed parties DENK and Forum for Democracy (FVD). The only other party to lose seats was the Socialist Party (SP), while the small Christian parties ChristianUnion (CU) and Reformed Political Party (SGP) did not gain or lose any seats.

President of the House of Representatives was Khadija Arib (PvdA).

General elections results since 1946 
Original seats in post-war Second Chamber (Tweede Kamer).<br/ >
Coalitian parties marked in olive.<br/ >
Prime Minister's party in bold.

Related pages 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
 Senate (Netherlands)
 Politics of the Netherlands

References 
 
  www.kiesraad.nl (elections results)

States General of the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Danish Resistance Movement was an underground movement organized to resist the Nazi German occupation of Denmark during World War II. Due to the initially lenient arrangements, in which the Nazi occupation authority allowed the democratic government to stay in power, the resistance movement was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in some other countries.

By 1943, many Danes were involved in underground activities, ranging from producing illegal publications to spying and sabotage. Major groups included the communist BOPA (Danish: Borgerlige Partisaner, Civil Partisans) and Holger Danske, both based in Copenhagen. Resistance agents killed an estimated 400 Danish Nazis, informers and collaborators until 1944. After that date, they also killed some German nationals.

In the postwar period, the Resistance was supported by politicians within Denmark and there was little effort to closely examine the killings. Studies were made in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, and people learned that there was sometimes improvised and contingent decision making about the targets, with some morally ambiguous choices.

In popular media

Books
 Lowry, Lois Number The Stars (1989) historical fiction, in English, 1990 Newberry Award winner

Films
 "Miracle at Midnight" (1998), a Disney made-for-TV movie starring Sam Waterson and Mia Farrow, dramatizing a true story of Danish citizens rescuing the Jewish population in Septemer 1943.

20th century in Denmark
Resistance movements of World War II
Henryk Cioch (30 July 1951 – 20 December 2017) was a Polish lawyer, professor and politician. He was born in Lubaczów, Poland. He served of the Senate of Poland upon winning his senate seat in 2011 as an Independent. He retired in 2015. He was the deputy dean of the Faculty of Law, Canon Law and Administration, held the chair of Civil Law at the Catholic University of Lublin and a member of the Scientific Society of Lublin.

Cioch died on 20 December 2017 in Lublin, Poland of complications from a staph infection at the age of 66.

References

Other websites

 Nota biograficzna na stronie KUL

1951 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from staphylococcal infection
Polish politicians
Polish educators
Polish lawyers
A.N.T. Farm is a Disney Channel original series that follows Chyna Parks (China Anne McClain) and her two best friends Olive Doyle (Sierra McCormick) and Fletcher Quimby (Jake Short) as they transition to a gifted program called "Advanced Natural Talents" (also known as A.N.T.) at a local high school named Webster High. Disney renewed A.N.T. Farm for its second season November 30, 2011. Filming for season two began in early February 2012. A.N.T Farm has since ceased production.

Episodes

Season 1 (2011–12)
 Stefanie Scott is absent for three episodes.
 Carlon Jeffery is absent for six episodes.
This season was filmed from January 2011 to October 2011.

Season 2 (2012–13)
 Carlon Jeffery is absent for three episodes.
 This season was filmed from February 2012 to August 2012.

Season 3 (2013–14)
On October 2, 2012, Disney Channel officially renewed A.N.T. Farm for a third season. This season premiered on May 31, 2013. 
 Angus Chestnut (Aedin Mincks) joins the main cast. 
 Cameron Parks (Carlon Jeffery) is no longer part of the main cast. Webster High School marks its final showing in the one-hour season premiere "trANTsferred". Z-Tech Prodigy School took over as the season's new setting. 
 This was the final season of the show, as confirmed by star China Anne McClain on her Twitter account on December 27, 2013.
 Aedin Mincks is absent for three episodes. 
 Carlon Jeffery makes a guest appearance in one episode

References

General references

Lists of television series episodes
Children's television series
Phillip "Red" Murrell (February 23, 1933 – December 20, 2017) was an American basketball player. He was born in Linneus, Missouri. He was best known for his college career at Drake University from where he played from 1955 through 1958. His sports number 33 was retired by the university. He won the NJCAA champion in 1955 and the AAU All-American in 1960.

Murrell died on December 20, 2017 in Bartlesville, Oklahoma of coronary artery disease at the age of 84.

References

1933 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from coronary artery disease
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
American basketball players
Sportspeople from Missouri
Leonard Joseph "Len" Cariou (born September 30, 1939) is a Canadian actor.

Cariou is best known for his role of Sweeney Todd in the original cast of Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, which earned him a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical and a Drama Desk Award in 1979. He now plays Henry Reagan, NYPD Police Commissioner (retired), in the multi-generational television series Blue Bloods on CBS.

References

Other websites
 
Len Cariou at the Internet Off-Broadway Database

Tony Award winning actors
Drama Desk Award winners
1939 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian singers
Actors from Manitoba
Spotlight is a 2015 American biographical-crime-drama directed by Tom McCarthy and written by McCarthy and Josh Singer. The movie is about The Boston Globe'''s "Spotlight" team, the oldest operating newspaper investigative journalist unit in the United States, and its investigation into cases of widespread and systemic child sex abuse in the Boston area by many Roman Catholic priests.

It is based on a series of stories by the "Spotlight" team that earned The Globe'' the 2003 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. The movie stars Mark Ruffalo, Michael Keaton, Rachel McAdams, John Slattery, Stanley Tucci, Brian d'Arcy James, Liev Schreiber, Billy Crudup and Richard Jenkins with Len Cariou as Cardinal Bernard Francis Law.

The movie was released on November 6, 2015, by Open Road Films and grossed $92 million worldwide. It won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2016.

References

Academy Award winning movies
2015 drama movies
American crime movies
American drama movies
American biographical movies
Movies set in Boston, Massachusetts
Movies set in the 2000s
The Dunblane massacre took place at Dunblane Primary School in Dunblane, Stirlingshire, Scotland, on 13 March 1996. 

Thomas Hamilton killed 16 children and a teacher before committing suicide. It is the deadliest mass shooting in British history.

Later, and influenced by this event, two new Firearms Acts were passed. They greatly restricted private ownership of firearms in Great Britain.

Sources 
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/public-inquiry-into-the-shootings-at-dunblane-primary-school

1996 in the United Kingdom
1990s crimes in the United Kingdom
1990s murders in Europe
20th century in Scotland
Attacks on buildings and structures in the 1990s 
Attacks on buildings and structures in the United Kingdom
Attacks on schools in Europe
March events
Mass murder in 1996
Mass shootings in Europe
Mass shootings in the 1990s
Massacres in the United Kingdom
Murder in Scotland
Murder-suicides in Europe
Murders by firearm in the United Kingdom
School shootings
Middleton is a Canadian town in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia.

References

Other websites
 Official Website
Map of the Town of Middleton 
 Middleton Farmers' Market 
FV TREA Memory Lane Railway Museum 
AVHS MacDonald Museum

Towns in Nova Scotia
Thusis (, ) is a municipality of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2018 the former municipality of Mutten merged into the municipality of Thusis.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the municipality of Thusis 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Cities in Switzerland
Cousin marriage (sometimes called cousincest) is marriage between cousins. In some places like the Middle East it is common. In other places it is illegal. A famous cousin marriage is that between Charles Darwin and his wife Emma.

The main argument against cousin marriages is that it increases the likelihood of genetic defects occurring in children of such marriages. The classic example of this is the occurrence of haemophilia (and some other conditions) in the royal families of Europe. The repeated marriages between close relatives increased the chance of recessive genes arriving on both chromosomes of a pair, so causing defects to appear. Of course, pre-scientific societies would not have known this. However, they would have seen the results of continual close marriages, such as the brother-sister matings in the Ancient Egyptian royal lines.

References 

Marriage
Genetic disorders
The Pampangan language or Kapampangan is one of the main languages of the Philippines. It is spoken in the province of Pampanga, most parts of Tarlac and Bataan.

References

Other websites 

Bansa Kapampangan-English Dictionary 
Kapampangan Wiktionary
10 ICAL Paper – Issues in Orthography
10 ICAL Paper – Importance of Diacritical Marks
10 ICAL Paper – Transitivity & Pronominal Clitic Order
Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database 
Electronic Kabalen – New Writing on Kapampangan Life & Letters
Dying languages
State can still save Kapampangan
Wikibook Kapampangan
Siuala ding Meangubie
Online E-book of Arte de la Lengua Pampanga by Diego Bergaño. Originally published in 1736.

Austronesian languages
Languages of the Philippines
Rudawa is a village in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. The village is on the road from Kraków to Trzebinia and by the Rudawa river. It is about  west of Zabierzów and  west of the city of Kraków.

Villages in Poland
Rząska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zabierzów, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is about  southeast of Zabierzów and  northwest of the city of Kraków.

Villages in Poland
FC Ingolstadt 04 is a football club from Ingolstadt, Germany.

Other websites
 Official team site (FC Ingolstadt 04)

2004 establishments in Europe
German football clubs
Sport in Bavaria
Damian Beckett (born 24 February 1979),  known as Cham (and previously known as Baby Cham), is a Jamaican rapper, singer-songwriter and actor. He is best known for his 2006 hit singles "Ghetto Story", Ghetto Story Chapter 2 (featuring Alicia Keys) and "Vitamin S"

Discography

References

Jamaican singers
Reggae musicians
1979 births
Living people
The Spartacus League () was a Marxist revolutionary movement in Germany during World War I. The League was named after Spartacus, leader of the largest slave rebellion of the Roman Republic. Karl Liebknecht, Rosa Luxemburg, Clara Zetkin, and others started the group. The League later changed its name to the Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (KPD). It joined the Comintern in 1919. It was most active during the German Revolution of 1918. The League wanted to start a revolution through its newspaper, Spartacus Letters.

Well-known members
 
 Leo Jogiches
 Paul Levi
 Karl Liebknecht
 Rosa Luxemburg
 Julian Marchlewski

 Ernst Meyer
 Franz Mehring
 Wilhelm Pieck
 August Thalheimer
 Bertha Thalheimer
 Clara Zetkin

References

Communist parties in Europe
Marxism
Manouchehr Boroumand (26 March 1934 – 21 December 2017) was an Iranian heavyweight weightlifter. He was born in Babolsar, Iran. He was selected for the 1960 Summer Olympics, but withdrew in the last moment due to an illness.

Boroymand also missed the 1962 Asian Games because Iran did not send a delegation there. At the 1964 Summer Olympics he placed 12th. Boroumand was known for his victory in 1966, when he won a gold medal at the Asian Games. He became the first Asian weightlifter to cross the 500 kg barrier in the total, which he has done at the world championships.

Boroymand died of a cerebral hemorrhage on 21 December 2017 in Babolsar at the age of 83.

References

1934 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Iranian sportspeople
Olympians
Weightlifters
Jerome "Jerry" Yellin (February 15, 1924 – December 21, 2017) was a former United States Army Air Forces fighter pilot. He flew the final combat mission of World War II in a North American P-51 Mustang against a military airfield near Tokyo on August 14, 1945 (August 15, 1945 local time in Tokyo). 

Yellin's mission was executed five days after a U.S. Army Air Force Boeing B-29 Superfortress named Bockscar had dropped a second American nuclear weapon on Japan, with the second being dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki.

Yellin died of lung cancer in Orlando, Florida on December 21, 2017 at the age of 93.

References

1924 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Florida
American military personnel of World War II
People from Newark, New Jersey
Clifford Michael Irving (November 5, 1930 – December 19, 2017) was an American novelist, investigative reporter and convicted fraudster. He was born in New York City. Although he published 20 novels, he was best known for an "autobiography" allegedly written as told to Irving by billionaire recluse Howard Hughes.

The fictional work was to have been published in 1972. After Hughes denounced him and sued the publisher, McGraw-Hill, Irving and his collaborators confessed to the hoax. He was sentenced to  years in prison, of which he served 17 months.

Irving wrote The Hoax (1981), his story of events surrounding the development and sale of the fake autobiography.

Irving died on December 19, 2017 in Sarasota, Florida of pancreatic cancer at the age of 87.

References

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Florida
American novelists
Journalists from New York City
Criminals from New York City
American fraudsters
American literature
Cornell University alumni
People from Manhattan
Writers from New York City
Hiep Thi Le (; November 30, 1971 – December 19, 2017) was a Vietnamese-American actress. She was known for her role in Heaven & Earth (1993). She appeared in Bugis Street (1995, released in the United States in 1997) and co-starred in the little-scene Dead Man Can't Dance (1997).

On February 23, 2014, Le appeared on the Food Network game show Chopped, appearing and competing in the eighteenth-season episode "Beer Here!".

Le died on December 19, 2017 in Los Angeles, California from stomach cancer at the age of 46.

References

Other websites
 

1971 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Vietnamese people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Francelino Pereira dos Santos (2 July 1921 – 21 December 2017) was a Brazilian politician. From 1995 to 2003, he was a member of the Federal Senate. He also served as Governor of Minas Gerais from 1979 to 1983 and as Deputy from 1963 to 1979. He was born in Angical do Piauí, Brazil.

Pereira died at the age of 96 on 21 December 2017 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil of pneumonia.

References

Other websites
 Government profile 

1921 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Brazil
Brazilian politicians
Steven Van Zandt ( Lento; November 22, 1950), also known as Little Steven and Miami Steve, is an American musician and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin. As an actor, he is known for his roles as Silvio Dante in the HBO drama series The Sopranos (1999–2007) and Frank Tagliano / Giovanni "Johnny" Henriksen on the NRK1 drama Lilyhammer (2012–2014). He was added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014.

Van Zandt was born in Winthrop, Massachusetts. He has Italian ancestry. He grew up in Middletown Township, New Jersey. He married Maureen Santoro in 1982.

References

Other websites

 
 

1950 births
Living people
Actors from Massachusetts
Actors from New Jersey
American movie actors
American rock guitarists
American television actors
Mandolinists
Musicians from Massachusetts
Musicians from New Jersey
The national flag of the Gambia has three horizontal red, blue and green stripes separated by two thinner white stripes. The flag has a width-to-length ratio of 2:3.

Gambia
The Gambia
Sils im Domleschg () is a municipality  of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

Villages
Freihof, Campi and Albula.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Yoshkar-Ola (; ) is the capital city of the Mari El Republic, Russia. 248,782 people lived in the city in 2010.

Yoshkar-Ola is the capital of the Mari El Republic in western Russia. In the city center, the National Art Gallery hosts changing exhibits in a Renaissance-style building. The Museum of the History of Yoshkar-Ola displays military artifacts and folk art in a former merchant’s house. The green-domed Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ is nearby. The riverside Republican Puppet Theater resembles a medieval castle.

It used to be named Tsaryovokokshaysk () before 1919, as Krasnokokshaysk () between 1919 and 1927

Related pages 
List of cities and towns in Russia

Other websites

Official website of Yoshkar-Ola 
Map of Yoshkar-Ola
Starrkirch-Wil is a municipality in the district Olten in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
The National Volleyball Association (NVA) is a men's professional volleyball league in America composed of 10 teams. NVA is an active member of USA Volleyball (Teamusa) which is recognized by FIVB (also known as the International Volleyball Federation) as the national governing body for volleyball in the United States.

References 

Sports in the United States
Volleyball
Sports leagues
Charles Zentai (born Károly Steiner; October 8, 1921 – December 13, 2017) was a Hungarian-born resident of Australia accused of a Holocaust-related war crime. He has lived in Perth, Australia for many years after living in the American- and French-occupied zones of post-World War II Germany. He was born in Budapest.

Zentai was on the Simon Wiesenthal Center's list of most wanted Nazi war criminals until 2013. On 8 July 2005, Zentai was arrested by the Australian Federal Police to await an extradition hearing. Zentai's family say the 86-year-old widower, who has heart disease and peripheral neuropathy, would not survive the trip to Hungary.

Zentai died in Perth on December 13, 2017 of heart disease and peripheral neuropathy at the age of 96.

References

1921 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from peripheral neuropathy
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Australia
People from Perth, Western Australia
War criminals
People from Budapest
Extradition
Åke Fredrik Hellman (19 July 1915 – 18 December 2017) was a Finnish still life and portrait artist and art professor. He has worked as art teacher at the University of Helsinki. In 1963, he received the order of the Lion of Finland. He was born in Helsinki.

Hellman turned 100 on 19 July 2015. He died on 18 December 2017 in Borgå, Finland, at the age of 102.

References

Other websites
 Åke Hellman in Uppslagsverket Finland.
 Åke Hellman and his artistship.
 A Shared Atelier – Karin and Åke Hellman at Kunsthalle Helsinki.

1915 births
2017 deaths
Finnish artists
People from Helsinki
Henry Olusegun Adeola Samuel (born 19 February 1963), better known as Seal, is a British singer and songwriter. He has sold more than 20 million records worldwide. He is best known for his song "Kiss from a Rose". The worldwide hit was used for the soundtrack of the movie Batman Forever (1995). He has won three Brit Awards, four Grammy Awards and an MTV Video Music Award. He has also won two Ivor Novello Awards for the songs "Killer" and "Crazy". He was a coach on The Voice in Australia for the 2012, 2013 and 2017 seasons.

Seal was born in Paddington, London. His mother is Nigerian and his father is Brazilian. He was married to German model Heidi Klum from 2005 to 2015. They have four children. 

Seal has scarring on his face caused by a type of lupus called discoid lupus erythematosus.

References

Other websites

 

1963 births
Living people
Black British musicians
Brit Award winners
British soul musicians
English singer-songwriters
Grammy Award winners
People from Paddington
Singers from London
Warner Bros. Records artists
March Kong Fong Eu (; March 29, 1922 – December 21, 2017) was an American politician. She was a member of the California State Assembly and went on to serve as Secretary of State of California. She was born in Oakdale, California. She served under the governships on Jerry Brown, Pete Wilson and George Deukmejian. Eu was a member of the Democratic Party.

In 1987 Eu was a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. Senate, running against Leo McCarthy for the right to challenge the Republican incumbent, Pete Wilson. Eu dropped out later that year.

President Bill Clinton appointed Eu as United States Ambassador to the Federated States of Micronesia in 1994. She served in that post until 1996.

Eu died on December 21, 2017 in Irvine, California following surgery after suffering a fall, at age 95.

References

1922 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
Ambassadors of the United States
Politicians from California
US Democratic Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
Halvard Magne Kausland (25 April 1945 – 21 December 2017) was a Norwegian jazz guitarist, composer and civil servant. He was born in Sund, Sotra, Norway. Kausland was also a well-known jazz guitarist, having played in the band of Ole Paus among other things. Kausland had been appointed as acting director of the Arts Council Norway from 1 November 1996 to 31 March 2000.

From 1966 to 1979 he was married to Grethe Kausland.

Kausland died of thyroid cancer in Oslo on 21 December 2017 at the age of 72.

References

1945 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from thyroid cancer
Cancer deaths in Norway
Norwegian entertainers
Jazz musicians
Guitarists
Bruce McCandless II (June 8, 1937 – December 21, 2017), (Capt, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. During the first of his two Space Shuttle missions he made the first ever untethered free flight using the Manned Maneuvering Unit in 1984.  This action was settled amicably on January 14, 2011.

He logged more than 5,200 hours flying time, including 5,000 hours in jet aircraft.

On December 21, 2017, McCandless died in Denver, Colorado at age 80.

References

Other websites

McCandless' official NASA biography 
Astronautix biography of Bruce McCandless
Spacefacts biography of Bruce McCandless
McCandless at Spaceacts 
McCandless at Encyclopedia of Science
McCandless at International Space Hall of Fame 

1937 births
2017 deaths
American astronauts
American military people
Engineers from Massachusetts
Scientists from Boston, Massachusetts
Roswell Hopkins Rudd Jr. (November 17, 1935 – December 21, 2017) was an American jazz trombonist and composer. He was born in Sharon, Connecticut. Although he worked in many genres of jazz (including Dixieland, which he performed while in college) and other genres of music, he was known primarily for his work in free and avant-garde jazz. 

From 1962 until his death in 2017, Rudd had worked extensively with saxophonist Archie Shepp. He was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1999.

Rudd died on December 21, 2017 of prostate cancer in Kerhonkson, New York at the age of 82.

References

Other websites
Roswell Rudd and Verna Gillis feature, nytimes.com, November 23, 2007.
Interview with Roswell Rudd, npr.org, 2002
 Discography , mindspring.com; accessed December 22, 2017.

1935 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Cancer deaths in New York
American jazz musicians
American composers
American trombonists
Musicians from Connecticut
Gerald Bernard "Jerry" Greenberg (July 29, 1936 – December 22, 2017) was an American movie editor with more than 40 feature movie works. He was born in New York City. Greenberg won both the Academy Award for Film Editing and the BAFTA Award for Best Editing for the movie The French Connection (1971). In the 1980s, he edited five movies with director Brian De Palma. He also worked on Apocalypse Now and Scarface.

Greenberg died on December 22, 2017 in Santa Monica, California of a stroke at the age of 81.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2017 deaths
Academy Award winners
American movie editors
BAFTA Award winners
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Deaths from stroke
People from New York City
Richard Savitt (born March 4, 1927) is a right-handed American former tennis player.

In 1951, at the age of 24, he won both the Australian and Wimbledon men's singles championships. Savitt was mostly ranked World No. 2 the same year behind fellow amateur Frank Sedgman, though was declared World No. 1 by The New York Times and The Owosso Argus-Press following his Wimbledon victory. 

Savitt retired the following year. Savitt is one of four American men who have won both the Australian and British Championships in one year, following Don Budge (1938) and preceding Jimmy Connors (1974) and Pete Sampras (1994 & 1997).

References

1927 births
Living people
American tennis players
Sportspeople from New Jersey
People from Bayonne, New Jersey