Judith Rich Harris (February 10, 1938 – December 29, 2018) researched psychology.  She was an independent researcher, and not a university professor.  Her most famous book is The Nurture Assumption.  The book asks "Why [do] children turn out the way they do"?  Its answer is that "Parents matter less than you think and peers matter more".

Education
Harris graduated from Tucson High School and attended the University of Arizona and Brandeis University, from where she graduated magna cum laude in 1959. In 1961 she received a master's degree in psychology from Harvard University.

The Nurture Assumption
Harris's most famous work is The Nurture Assumption.  It was published in 1998.  A revised version was published in 2009.  Children often act like their parents act.  Some psychologists thought this was because of the way that parents raised their children.  Harris argues that (some or all of) this similarity is due to genetics.  Otherwise, parents are not the most important factor in child development.  This book argues that peers are more important.   Harris argues that children are socialized by peers.

No Two Alike
Harris also wrote No Two Alike: Human Nature and Human Individuality.  It was published in February 2006. Harris attempts to explain why people are so different in personality, even identical twins who grow up in the same home.

Opinions of her work 
George A. Miller was chair of the Department of Psychology which formally dismissed Harris from the PhD program at Harvard, 1960, on the grounds that her 'originality and independence' did not live up to Harvard's standards.

Later, in 1994, she developed a theory of child development, which focussed on the peer group rather than the family. This formed the basis for a 1995 article in the Psychological Review for which she received the American Psychological Association's George A. Miller Award for an Outstanding Recent Article in General Psychology.<ref>Harris J.R. 2006. No two alike: human nature and human individuality. W.W. Norton. </ref>

Death
Harris suffered from a chronic autoimmune disorder, diagnosed as a combination of lupus and multiple sclerosis. She died on December 30, 2018 at the age of 80.

Books and articles
Harris, J. R., & Liebert, R. M. (1984,). The child: development from birth through adolescence.  Prentice Hall, 
Harris, J. R., Shaw, M. L., & Altom, M. J. (1985). Serial position curves for reaction time and accuracy in visual search: Tests of a model of overlapping processing. Perception & Psychophysics, 38, 178-187.
Harris, J. R. (1995). Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102, 458-489.
Harris, J. R. (1998). The nurture assumption: why children turn out the way they do.  Free Press, .
Harris, J. R. (2000). Socialization, personality development, and the child's environments. Developmental Psychology, 36, 699-710.
Harris, J. R. (2000). Context-specific learning, personality, and birth order. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 174-177.
Harris, J. R. (2002). Why do people believe that birth order has important effects on personality? The Nurture Assumption Web Site. Retrieved 2007-08-27
Harris, J. R. (2006). Parental selection: a third selection process in the evolution of human hairlessness and skin color. Medical Hypotheses, 66, 1053-1059.
Harris, J. R. (2006). No two alike: human nature and human individuality.  W.W. Norton, 

Personal life
She married Charles S. Harris in 1961; they have two daughters (one adopted) and four grandchildren. Harris suffered from an autoimmune disease; she died December 29, 2018.

Related pages

Nature versus nurture

References

Other websites
Judith Rich Harris's Web Site
Blame your peers, not your parents, author says, APA Monitor 29(10), October 1998, p. 9
The Parent Trap, Newsweek September 7, 1998, pp. 52–59.
Peer Pressure, New York Times Book Review'' September 13, 1998, pp. 14–15

1938 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from multiple sclerosis
Harvard University alumni
American psychologists
Scientists from Tucson, Arizona