cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jaume (or Santiago) Vallcorba Plana (21 September 1949 – 23 August 2014) was a Spanish philologist and publisher. He published many studies on aesthetics and literature.

He was born in Tarragona, Spain. He was a professor in Literature at the University of Bordeaux, the University of Lleida, the University of Barcelona and the Pompeu Fabra University (Barcelona) but he left university teaching in 2004.

Other websites

El País, 14/05/2010 (Interview with Jaume Vallcorba)

1949 births
2014 deaths
Spanish writers
Spanish educators
In Your House 9: International Incident was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on July 21, 1996 at General Motors Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was the ninth pay-per-view to be held under the WWF's In Your House name.

Results

References

1996 in professional wrestling
Sport in Vancouver
World Wrestling Entertainment pay-per-view events
1996 in North America
1990s in Canada
Daniel Hamilton "Dan" Magill, Jr. (January 25, 1921 – August 23, 2014) was an American tennis player and coach. His worked as a Sports Information Director, a Head Tennis Coach, and a Georgia Bulldog Club secretary for the University of Georgia.

Magill was born in Athens, Georgia. He was a U.S. Marine during World War II. He was married to Rosemary Reynaud had three children; Ham, Sharon, and Mollie.

Magill died from natural causes on August 23, 2014 in Athens, Georgia. He was 93.

References

1921 births
2014 deaths
American military people
American male tennis players
Coaches
Deaths from natural causes
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
{{Infobox animanga/Print
| type            = manga
| title           = Magi: Adventure of Sinbad
| author          = Shinobu Ohtaka
| illustrator     = Yoshifumi Ohtera
| publisher       = Shogakukan
| publisher_en    = 
| demographic     = Shōnen
| magazine        = Weekly Shōnen Sunday (May 18 – June 26, 2013)Ura Sunday (September 17, 2013 – April 25, 2018) | first           = May 18, 2013
| last            = April 25, 2018
| volumes         = 19
}}

 is a Japanese manga series. It was written and illustrated by Shinobu Ohtaka. The Anime version is by A-1 Pictures. Season 1 began in October, 2012 and ended in March, 2013. Season 2 started in October, 2013 and ended in March, 2014. The season 2 title was Magi: The Kingdom of Magic.

 Characters 
Alibaba Saluja()
Voice: Yūki Kaji
Alibaba Saluja is the main character of Magi. He is a “King Vessel”, a special human that was chosen by a Magi. He is a young man that wants to capture the dungeon in Qishan. After finding his life changing friend Aladdin, he uses this opportunity after watching Aladdin’s genie in action to go together and capture the dungeon. 
Aladdin()
Voice: Kaori Ishihara
Aladdin is a main character of Magi. He is a “Magi”, a special magician who chooses kings. He is a strange boy who is a traveler and has a flute that has a djinn, or a genie that can be summoned upon blowing on it, along with a magical carpet which he can use to fly.
Morgiana()
Voice: Haruka Tomatsu
Morgiana is the heroine of Magi. She is a part of Alibaba’s household, gaining some powers from the djinn Amon, which Alibaba has captured. She is a former slave that was tortured, but saved by Alibaba and Aladdin.
Sinbad()
Voice: Daisuke Ono
Sinbad is the main character of the spin off series Adventure of Sinbad'' and a special man. He is a first class singularity that captured seven dungeons meaning he has seven djinns.
Jafar()
Voice: Takahiro Sakurai
Masrur()
Voice: Yoshimasa Hosoya
Ren Hakuryū()
Voice: Kenshō Ono
Ren Hakuei()
Voice: Nana Mizuki
Ren Kōgyoku()
Voice: Kana Hanazawa
Ren Kōen()
Voice: Yuichi Nakamura
Ren Kōha()
Voice: Tetsuya Kakihara
Scheherazade()
Voice: Maaya Sakamoto
Titus Alexius()
Voice: Yoshitsugu Matsuoka
Matal Mogamett()
Voice: Chō
Judar()
Voice: Ryohei Kimura
Yunan()
Voice: Akira Ishida

References

Other websites 
Manga official website  
Anime official website 

Manga
Anime
Marcel Rigout (10 May 1928 – 23 August 2014) was a French politician. He served as the Minister of Vocational Training from 1981 to 1984, under former President François Mitterrand. He was a member of the French Communist Party (PCF; ).

Rigout was born in Verneuil-sur-Vienne. He wrote the novel L'autre chance in 1983.

Rigout died on 23 August 2014 in Limoges, aged 86.

References

1928 births
2014 deaths
Communist politicians
Disease-related deaths in France
Government ministers of France
Philippine Mathilde Camille de Rothschild (22 November 1933 – 23 August 2014), also known as Philippine Pascale, was a French winemaker and baroness. She was the owner of the French winery Château Mouton Rothschild. She was the only daughter of the vintner Baron Philippe de Rothschild, a member of the Rothschild banking dynasty. In 2013, she was given a lifetime achievement award by the Institute of Masters of Wine.

Rothschild was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris. She was married twice and had three children; Camille, Philippe and Julien. She was made an Officier of the Legion of Honour () in 2007.

Rothschild died on 23 August 2014 in Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris, aged 80.

References

Other websites
 Philippine de Rothschild at the Château Mouton Rothschild website

1933 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in France
French businesspeople
French royalty
People from Paris
The Gold Coast Titans are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based on the Gold Coast in Queensland. They were founded in 2007. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have not won any premierships.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Queensland
2007 establishments
2000s establishments in Australia
The North Queensland Cowboys are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Townsville, Queensland. They were founded in 1992. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2015 against the Brisbane Broncos.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Queensland
The Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Belmore, Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1934. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won eight premierships, most recently in 2004.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sports in Sydney
1934 establishments
1930s establishments in Australia
The Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Cronulla, southern Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1963. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2016 against the Melbourne Storm.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sports in Sydney
1963 establishments
1960s establishments in Australia
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Newcastle, New South Wales. They were founded in 1988. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won two premierships, most recently in 2001.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
New South Wales
1988 establishments in Australia
The Parramatta Eels are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Parramatta, Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1946. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won four premierships, most recently in 1986.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sydney
1946 establishments in Australia
The St George Illawarra Dragons are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in St George region of Sydney and the Illawarra region of New South Wales. They were founded in 1998. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2010 against the Sydney Roosters.

Other websites
 
St George Illawarra Dragons Fan Discussion Forum

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sports in Sydney
1998 establishments in Australia
The Melbourne Storm are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Melbourne, Victoria. They were founded in 1997. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won four premierships, most recently in 2020.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Melbourne
1997 establishments
1990s establishments in Australia
The Manly Warringah Sea Eagles are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1946. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won eight premierships, most recently in 2011.

Manly Sea Eagles have won 8 Grand Finals:

 1972
 1973
 1976
 1978
 1987
 1996
 2008,
 2011
Their home ground is Brookvale Oval, which is affectionately known by locals as "Fortress Brookie".

Other websites
 
Northern Beaches Council - Brookvale Oval

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sports in Sydney
1946 establishments in Australia
The Wests Tigers are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in the Inner West of Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1999. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2005 against the North Queensland Cowboys.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in Australia
Sports in Sydney
1999 establishments in Australia
The New Zealand Warriors are a New Zealand professional rugby league team. The team is based in Auckland, New Zealand. They were founded in 1995. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have not won any premierships. They are the only non-Australian team in the NRL.

Other websites
 

Rugby
Sport in New Zealand
Auckland
1995 establishments
1990s establishments in New Zealand
Angel Fabian Di Maria Hernandez (born 14 February 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer. He plays for French Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and the Argentina national team. He can play as either a winger or attacking midfielder.

Career 
After beginning his career with Rosario Central, Di María moved to Europe in 2007 to play for Benfica of the Portuguese Primeira Liga. He made a €25 million move to Real Madrid three years later, in 2010. After winning the UEFA Champions League with Real Madrid in 2014, he signed for Manchester United in summer 2014 for a national record £59.7 million. 
In summer 2015, he signed a 4 year contract with Paris Saint-Germain for €63 million.

A full international for Argentina since 2008, Di María has earned over 50 caps for his country. He scored the goal that gave Argentina first place at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, and has also represented them at two World Cups and the 2011 Copa América, 2015 Copa América, and the 2016 Copa América Centenario.

References

1988 births
Living people
Argentine footballers
Manchester United F.C. players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Interdisciplinarity is when two or more subjects (academic disciplines) join up. This happens when a problem overlaps traditional academic boundaries. Other terms which mean almost the same thing are multidisciplinarity and crossdisciplinarity.

An examples makes clear what is meant:

In order to investigate living cells, these subjects joined together: genetics, physics, chemistry, cytology.

When they joined up, the field they formed was called cell biology at the level of cells, or molecular biology at the level of macromolecules.

Other examples include artificial intelligence, cultural studies,  cybernetics, computational linguistics, biomedical engineering, and so on. Physical chemistry, biochemistry and astrophysics  must have been some of the first.

In many universities, traditional departments (e.g. botany, zoology) were scrapped, and new broader departments like 'School of biological sciences' were formed. Inside this umbrella, research and teaching teams were based on interdisciplinary problems, such as ecology or cell division or Earth history. There are some necessary specialities which do not fit easily into the new system. Examples are taxonomy (you still need people to identify animals) and areas like parasitology and agricultural botany. 

A system which works in some universities is to appoint staff to the Schools (usually Humanities, Science. Social sciences and Technology) and let the staff join those groups which best fit their expertise.

References

Related pages 
Holism

Academic disciplines
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the greater Boston area. The population was 31,915 at the 2010 census. Watertown is one of fourteen Massachusetts municipalities that have been granted city forms of government but kept the name town.

History 
The area of Watertown was inhabited for thousands of years before the arrival of settlers from England. The tribes of the Pequossette and the Nonantum, had settlements on what is now called the Charles River. The Pequossette built a fishing weir to trap herring. This was at the site of the current Watertown Dam. Every year the alewife and blueback herring swim upstream from their adult home in the sea. this is to spawn in the fresh water where they came from.

The first settlement of Watertown  was at the Saltonstall Plantation in 1630. This was one of the earliest of the Massachusetts Bay settlements. It was begun by a group of settlers led by Richard Saltonstall and the Rev. George Phillips. It was officially incorporated that same year. The alternate spelling "Waterton" is seen in some early documents.

The first buildings were on land that is now in the city of Cambridge. It was known as Gerry's Landing. For its first quarter century Watertown ranked next to Boston in population and area. Since then its city limits have been greatly reduced.

The Stanley Brothers built the first of their steam-powered cars, called Stanley Steamers, in Watertown in 1897.

References

Other websites
 Watertown official website
 Armenian Library and Museum of America 
 Watertown Community Foundation

Cities in Massachusetts
1630 establishments in Massachusetts
Czechoslovak Television (ČST) was a television network. It was the main broadcaster of Czechoslovakia. It closed in 1953 because Czechoslovakia became two new countries, Czech Republic and Slovakia.

In the Czech language, it was called Československá televize.

In the Slovak language, it was called Československá televízia until 1990. In 1990, they changed the Slovak name to Česko-slovenská televízia.

History 
Czechoslovak Television started on 1st May 1953. It was just one television programme, which was a few hours long.

Czechoslovak Television was heavily censored by the communist government. In 1968, the government allowed Czechoslovak Television to mention the Prague Spring protests for a few days. However in 1969, the government started to censor ČST heavily again.

Launch of a second channel
On May 10, 1970, Czechoslovak Television made a second television channel, ČST TV2.

Colour Television
On May 9, 1973, Czechoslovak Television started to show television programmes in colour on ČST TV2. Two years later, they started colour television programmes on the first channel too.

In 1979, a studio was opened in the Kavci mountains, which became the home of Czechoslovak Television's news department.

ČST TV2 is split into two separate channels
In November 1989, Czechoslovak Television renamed the first channel F1, with the 'F' meaning the federal district of Czechoslovakia. The second channel was replaced by two new channels: ČTV, which was in the Czech language and S1, which was in the Slovak language.

They also created a new third channel in Czech on 14 May 1990, called OK3, using technology which used to broadcast Soviet television. Another new third channel was created in Slovak and called TA 3, on 6 June 1991.

Velvet Revolution
During the Velvet Revolution, when protests occurred in Czechoslovakia, the people who worked at Czechoslovak Television helped the protesters to spread their messages.

Velvet divorce ends Czechoslovak Television 
Czechoslovakia became two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia on the 31st December 1992. This split is known as the 'Velvet Divorce'. Because of it, Czechoslovak Television was no longer needed. In the Czech Republic, a new television network called Czech television took over, and in Slovakia Slovenská televízia was created.

Directors of Czechoslovak Television 
 1953 – 1958 Karel Kohout
 1958 – 1959 Milan Krejčí
 1959 – 1963 Adolf Hradecký
 1963 – 1968 Jiří Pelikán
 1968 Bohumil Švec
 1968 – 1969 Josef Šmídmajer
 1969 – 1989 Jan Zelenka
 1989 Libor Bátrla
 1989 – 1990 Miroslav Pavel
 1990 Jindřich Fairaizl
 1990 – 1992 Jiří Kantůrek

References

Czechoslovakia
Television networks
1992 disestablishments in Europe
1953 establishments in Europe
Antônio Ermírio de Moraes (June 4, 1928 – August 24, 2014) was a Brazilian businessman. He was the chairman of the Votorantim Group; one of the country's largest companies, specialized in metals, paper, cement and frozen orange juice. He was the grandfather of IndyCar Series driver Mario Moraes. He ran for governor of São Paulo State in 1986, but lost the elections.

De Moraes died in São Paulo, Brazil from heart failure, aged 86.

1928 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Brazilian politicians
Brazilian businesspeople
People from São Paulo
Gandhi is a 1982 British and Indian biographical movie based on the life of Indian activist Mohandas Gandhi. It is directed and produced by Richard Attenborough. It was written by John Briley and some of it by Steven Spielberg. The music was composed by Ravi Shankar. The cinematography was by Billy Williams.

It stars Ben Kingsley as Gandhi. Other cast members include John Mills, John Gielgud, Trevor Howard, Daniel Day-Lewis, Richard Griffiths, Martin Sheen, Nigel Hawthorne, Shane Rimmer, Athol Fugard, John Ratzenberger, Bernard Hill, Shriram Lagoo, Terrence Hardiman, Tom Alter and Om Puri with Alyque Padamsee. 

It was released on 30 November 1982 in India, on 2 December 1982 in the United Kingdom, and on 6 December 1982 in the United States. It raised $52,767,889 at the box office. It had a budget of $13 million. 

The movie was nominated for eleven Academy Award, winning eight. It won Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Director. It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Picture and the BAFTA Award for Best Picture.

Attenborough said that the movie was his dream project.

Other websites

 
 
 
 

Academy Award winning movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
BAFTA Award winning movies 
1982 drama movies
1980s biographical movies
British biographical movies
British drama movies
Indian movies
Movies directed by Richard Attenborough
Movies set in India
Movies set in South Africa
Movies set in the United Kingdom
Movies set in the 1890s
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies set in the 1920s
Movies set in the 1930s
Movies set in the 1940s
Leonid Stepanovych Stadnyk (; 5 August 1970 – 24 August 2014) was a Ukrainian farmer. He stood at 8 feet 5 inches or 2.57 meters. He was born in Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, USSR. Stadnyk was listed as the world's tallest living man according to Guinness World Records. 

Stadnyk died at the age of 44 on August 24, 2014 from a brain hemorrhage.

References

Other websites
 The Tallest Man: Leonid Stadnyk 

1970 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Ukrainian people
World record holders
A battering ram is a siege engine used in the past. It was used to break open the stone walls of castles or splinter their wooden gates.

In its simplest form, a battering ram is just a large, heavy log carried by several people and banged against an obstacle. The ram  damages the target if the big log hit the target again and again. Later rams were covered in the log with an arrow-proof, fire-resistant canopy mounted on wheels. Inside the canopy, the log was swung from chains or ropes.
 
Rams were great weapons of war against old fashioned wall-building materials such as stone and brick. These walls were weak in tension: they cracked when struck with sufficient force. With many blows, the cracks would grow steadily until a hole was created. Eventually, a breach would appear in the fabric of the wall. It would cause armed attackers to force their way through the gap.

The introduction in the later Middle Ages of siege cannons causes the end of battering rams and other traditional siege weapons. Much smaller, hand-held versions of battering rams are still used today, however, by law enforcement officers and military personnel to bash open locked doors.

Weapons
Barry Dickins (born 1949) is an Australian artist and writer of books and plays.

He was born in Reservoir, which is part of Melbourne. He left school early and worked in a factory. Later he painted sets and backgrounds for television programs. His first play, Ghosts, was performed in 1974 at La Mama Theatre. He has written many more plays. His play Remember Ronald Ryan won the 1995 Victorian Premier's Literary Award. He has also written short stories, biography, other non-fiction and children's books. Barry is known to use many 'half rhymes' in his work.

Dickins' books and plays 

Drama
 The Banana Bender and The death of Minnie. (Currency, 1981) 
 Lennie Lower. (Yackandandah, 1982) 
 One woman shoe. (Yackandandah, 1984) 
 The Bridal Suite and Mag and Bag: Two plays. (Yackandandah, 1985)  
 Beautland. (Currency, 1985) 
 The Golden Goldenbergs. (1986)
 The Fool’s Shoe Hotel. (Yackandandah, 1987) 
 Royboys. (Currency, 1987) 
 Remember Ronald Ryan. (Currency, 1994) 

Stories
 Post Office Restaurant and Other Stories. (Pascoe, 1992) 

Non fiction
 The Gift of the Gab: Stories from the life of Barry Dickins. (1981; Penguin, 1987) 
 What the Dickins! A symposium of pieces from the low life. (Penguin, 1985) 
 You’ll Only Go In for Your Mates. (Allen & Unwin, 1991) 
 Guts and Pity: The Hanging that ended Capital Punishment in Australia. (Currency Press, 1996) 
 Ordinary Heroes: Personal Recollections of Australians at War. (Hardie Grant Books, 1999) 
 Articles of Light: Reflections on lowlifes, ratbags and angels. (Penguin, 2000) 
 Black and Whiteley: Barry Dickins in search of Brett. (Hardie Grant Books, 2002)  Review 

Children's books
 My grandmother. (Penguin, 1989) 
 My grandfather: Years of hope and vigour. (Penguin, 1993) 
 Joey: A dog for all seasons. (Puffin, 1995)

References

Other websites 
 Interview from The Age
 Drawings
 Saint Dymphna's Bells  Poem

1949 births
Living people
Writers from Victoria (Australia)
Australian playwrights
People from Melbourne
Australian painters
Australian children's writers
Artists from Victoria (Australia)
Hashim Khan (  – 18 August 2014) was a Pakistani squash player. He won the British Open Squash Championships (BOSC) a total of seven times, from 1951 to 1956, and then again in 1958. During the 1950s, the BOSC was the de facto squash world championship. The movie based on Khan's life Keep Eye on Ball: The Hashim Khan Story was released in 2009 and was directed by Josh Easdon.

Khan was born in Nawakille, a small village near Peshawar, British Raj (now Pakistan). He family were Pashtuns. During the 1960s, he moved to the United States and lived in Denver, Colorado. He had twelve children.

Khan died from congestive heart failure on 18 August 2014 in Aurora, Colorado. There are many disputes of his exact age but he is believed to have been at least 100.

References

Other websites
 Hashim Khan  at Squash Films 
 

1910s births
2014 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Centenarians
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Pakistani people
Pashtun people
People from Peshawar
World champions
Squash (sport)
Zugzwang is a chess term. It  means a situation where any move by a player will weaken the player's position.  The fact that the player is compelled to move means that their position will become significantly weaker.

For example...

Black to play
1. ...  Kd7 and White cannot win:

2. c6+  Kc7

3. Kc5  Kc8

4. Kd6  Kd8 (opposing the king)

5. c7+  Kc86. Kc6 is stalemate

White to play

But if it is White to play in the original position, he can win by zugzwang:1. Kc6! and now Black must move his king, for example1.....  Kd83. Kb7'''  and queens the pawn.

Mutual zugzwang 

There are positions where either player to move will lose.

On the following diagram, Whichever king moves, he loses his pawn and the opponent will win the game.

History 
The concept of zugzwang was known in the old forms of chess, like shatranj. We know this because there are some Arabic chess problems which use the idea.

The term itself comes from the 19th century in a German chess magazine. Its first use in English was in the early 20th century.

References 

Chess
Alfredo Martini (18 February 1921 – 25 August 2014) was an Italian cyclist and coach. He won a stage in the 1950 Giro d'Italia. He was a professional cyclist from 1941 until 1957. He was later the coach of the Italian national cycling team from 1975 until 1997.

Martini was born in Florence. He retired from coaching in 1997.

Martini died from natural causes on 25 August 2014 in Sesto Fiorentino, aged 93.

References

Other websites

 Alfredo Martini at ProCyclingStats

1921 births
2014 deaths
Coaches
Deaths from natural causes
Italian cyclists
People from Florence
Sportspeople from Tuscany
Inga Juuso (5 October 1945 – 23 August 2014) was a Norwegian singer and actress. She appeared and performed in the movie The Kautokeino Rebellion (2008). She was known from her own band performances in the genres of jazz and joik. She did recordings and collabs with many Norwegian musicians like Håkon Mjåset Johansen and Jørn Øien.

Juuso was born in Mosjøen. She was a Sami woman, an ethnic group indigenous to Scandinavia. She was awarded the title of Spellemannprisen in 2011.

Juuso died after a long illness on 23 August 2014, aged 69.

References

Other websites
 

1945 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Norway
Jazz musicians
Jazz singers
Norwegian singers
Norwegian movie actors
Ramón Echarren Istúriz (November 13, 1929 – August 25, 2014) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop.

Istúriz ordained to the priesthood in 1958. Istúriz was appointed titular bishop of 'Diano' and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid, Spain, in 1969. 

In 1978, he was appointed bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Canarias and retired in 2005.

References

1929 births
2014 deaths
Spanish Roman Catholics
Canary Islands
Quentin Crisp (born Denis Charles Pratt, 25 December 1908 – 21 November 1999) was an English writer and actor.

Denis Charles Pratt was born in Sutton, Surrey. He was an openly gay man who was very camp. He changed his name to Quentin Crisp after leaving home to move to London when he was 21. He was a male prostitute for about six months. In 1942, he started doing life modelling for art students. He wrote about his life, including The Naked Civil Servant. In 1981 he moved to Manhattan. Crisp died of a heart attack in Manchester, where he was due to give a speech.

References

Other websites 

1908 births
1999 deaths
Actors from Surrey
British sex industry people
Cardiovascular disease deaths in England
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English autobiographers
English LGBT people
English movie actors
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT sex industry people
LGBT writers
Prostitutes
Socialites
Writers from Surrey
Tak () is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. As of 2013, 532,353 people live there, and it has an area of 16,406.6 km². The Governor is Charoenrit Sa-nguansat.

Tak's neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from north) Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan, Uthai Thani and Kanchanaburi. The western edge of Tak borders Kayin State of Myanmar.

Administrative divisions

Tak has 9 districts (amphoe), 63 subdistricts (tambon) and 493 villages (muban).

References 

Provinces of Thailand
Ukraine Today is a satellite television channel from Ukraine. It broadcasts in English. In the future it will broadcast in Russian. It is owned by 1+1 Media Group. The channel's headquarters is in Kyiv.

Beginning 
Ukraine Today began on the 14th August 2014, live on YouTube and the Eutelsat Hotbird satellite. It showed a testcard and words telling people how to receive the channel. On Independence Day in Ukraine, the 24th August, the channel launch officially, and began to show news.

Format 
Ukraine Today says that it focuses on Ukrainian current affairs, EU expansion, Russia's relations with Europe and America, and the difficulties of building a country in the 21st century.

Ukraine Today started broadcasting with a Euronews-style, with no presenters or studio, just videos of the news. Once more staff are employed, Ukraine Today will become a more traditional channel with a studio and presenters.

References

Other websites

1+1 Media Group page
 
 
 
 Ukraine Today on VKontakte

Ukrainian culture
Television channels in Europe
Christian Bourquin (; 7 October 1954 – 26 August 2014) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He has been the president of the Regional Council of Languedoc-Roussillon from 2010 until his death in 2014. He served as Mayor of Millas from 1995 through 2001. He was born at Saint-Féliu-d'Amont, Pyrenees-Orientales.

Bourquin died in Montpellier, Hérault, France, aged 59.

References

Other websites
 Christian Bourquin official blog

1954 births
2014 deaths
French mayors
Socialist Party (France) politicians
Jason Wingreen (October 9, 1920 – December 25, 2015) was an American actor. Wingreen is best known for his role as Harry Snowden on the television sitcom All in the Family and its continuation series, Archie Bunker's Place. He was also known for making the voice of Boba Fett in the 1997 Star Wars movie The Empire Strikes Back. 

Wingreen died on December 25, 2015 in Los Angeles, aged 95.

References

Other websites

1920 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Carl Vinson (November 18, 1883 – June 1, 1981) was an American politician. He served as a Representative from Georgia. He was a Democrat. He was the first person to serve for more than 50 years in the United States House of Representatives. He was known as "The Father of the Two-Ocean Navy".

Other websites
 University of Georgia brief biography 
 University of Georgia Profile of Carl Vinson 
 Congressional Biography
 entry in the New Georgia Encyclopedia 
  United States Navy website:  USS CARL VINSON 
 Mercer University Press, "Carl Vinson Patriarch of the Armed Forces," 2004 
 Vinson Institute Press, "Carl Vinson:  A Legacy of Public Service," 2002 

1883 births
1981 deaths
Deans of the United States House of Representatives
United States representatives from Georgia
US Democratic Party politicians
20th-century American politicians
The Dean of the United States House of Representatives is the representative that has been in office the longest. The current Dean is Don Young, a Republican from Alaska. He has served in the House since March 6th, 1973. The Dean is a symbolic job whose only customary duty is to swear in a Speaker of the House when he or she is elected. The Dean comes forward on the House Floor to administer (give) the oath to the Speaker-elect. The new Speaker then administers the oath to the other members. The Dean does not preside over the election of the Speaker, unlike the Father of the House in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom and the Dean of the Canadian House of Commons.

Because of other privileges associated with seniority, the Dean is usually given some of the most desirable office space. The Dean is generally either chair or ranking minority member of an influential committee. Unlike the office of President pro tem, the Dean of the House of Representatives is not an official position.

List of Deans of the House
Years as Dean are followed by name, party, state, and start of service in Congress.

All the members of the First Congress had equal seniority (as defined for the purpose of this article). But Muhlenberg as the Speaker was the first member to be sworn in. Muhlenberg, Hartley and Thatcher were among the 13 members who attended the initial meeting of the House on March 4, 1789.

In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries some state delegations to the House were often not elected until after the term had begun. To avoid confusion, this fact is ignored in the list below.

 Hartley, Stanford, Williams, Kelley, Randall, Bingham, Payne, Jones, Cooper, Butler, Pou, Sabath, Rayburn, and Patman died in office.
 Vinson, Whitten, and Dingell entered the House to fill unexpired terms.
 Dingell served as Dean for longer than any other person—exactly 20 years.

References
Jamie Lloyd Whitten (April 18, 1910September 9, 1995) was an American politician. He served as a United States Representative from Mississippi. He was the second-longest serving U.S. Representative ever and the fifth longest serving U.S. member of Congress ever.

Other websites
NNDB profile

1910 births
1995 deaths
Deans of the United States House of Representatives
Deaths from heart failure
United States representatives from Mississippi
US Democratic Party politicians
20th-century American politicians
The Calgary Region is a region of Canada that includes the area around the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It includes the city of Calgary, Rocky View County, and Municipal District of Foothills No. 31.

The region is a major transportation hub for southern Alberta, Saskatchewan, eastern British Columbia, and parts of the northern United States. The Calgary International Airport is in the Calgary region.

In 1999, fifteen municipalities in the region formed the Calgary Regional Partnership to coordinate regional growth and planning issues.

Alberta
The Regina Cyclone is a popular name for a tornado which hit Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. It killed 28 people, making it the deadliest Canadian tornado. It started about 4:50 p.m. on June 30, 1912, forming 18 kilometres (11 miles) south of the city. The tornado move 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) north before dissipating. It was approximately 150 metres (490 feet) wide.

The tornado was estimated to have been an F4 on the Fujita scale. It killed 28 people and left 2,500 homeless. It caused CD$4.5 million in damages.

Related pages
 List of Canadian tornadoes and tornado outbreaks

Tornadoes in Canada
Saskatchewan
Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare is a first person shooter video game. It was developed by Sledgehammer Games. It is published by Activision and Square Enix for Japan. Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare was be released on November 3, 2014 for people who pre-ordered the game and wish to have "Day Zero Access". It was be released on November 4, 2014 for others. The game was released on the Xbox One, PS4, PC, Xbox 360 and PS3. This is the first Call of Duty game that wasn't released on Nintendo systems since Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2.

Gameplay
Call of Duty Advanced Warfare will have changes in gameplay. One change is the Exo-Skeleton suit. It gives powers such as Boost Sliding, Dodging, Jumping, and so on. Weapons in multiplayer can be earned through supply drops or by ranking up. Gameplay is very similar to Black Ops 2.

Campaign will have an upgradable Exo-Skeleton suit. It can be upgraded with upgrade points. Whenever you complete an exo challenge (getting 500 kills, headshots, etc.), you earn one upgrade point.

Story 
In 2054, a terrorist group named the KVA makes a worldwide attack. It destroys nuclear reactors of countries, like the United States. Many countries' military and government including electricity and technology were broken. That keeps the countries from being able to fight the attack made by the KVA. Private militaries have become the new attackers on the enemy. Jack Mitchell (Troy Baker) is a former U.S. Marine. He lost his left arm during a battle in South Korea. He joins Atlas, the world's most powerful private military  with the most biggest technologies on the planet.

Making 
Shortly after Sledgehammer Games stopped helping Infinity Ward to finish Modern Warfare 3, Sledgehammer Games started working on Advanced Warfare.

Call of Duty series
John Daniel Ehrlichman (March 20, 1925 – February 14, 1999) was an American civil servant and criminal. He worked as counsel and Assistant to the President for Domestic Affairs under President Richard Nixon.

He was an important person in events leading to the Watergate scandal. He was convicted of conspiracy, obstruction of justice and perjury. He served a year and a half in prison for his crimes.

Ehrlichman died in Atlanta, Georgia from diabetes after refusing to receive any more dialysis treatments. He was 73 years old.

Other websites

John Ehrlichman's Secret White House Tapes at the Miller Center's Presidential Recordings Program
John Ehrlichman Believed Henry Kissinger was Deep Throat, an article from Editor & Publisher
 The Testimony of John Ehrlichman & H. R. Haldeman  at Smithsonian Folkways
 Descriptive inventory of Eye of the Storm collection held at Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies 
FBI file on John Ehrlichman

1925 births
1999 deaths
American criminals
Lawyers from Washington
American military personnel of World War II
American prisoners
Civil servants
Christian Scientists
Deaths from diabetes
Disease-related deaths in Atlanta
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was a Japanese movie director. He was known for his stylish and popular Pink movie Angel Guts movie series. 

Sone died on August 26, 2014 in Usuki, Ōita from pneumonia, aged 76.

References

Other websites
 

1937 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Japan
Japanese movie directors
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People from Gunma Prefecture
James Morris Lawson, Jr. (born September 22, 1928) is an American activist and university professor. He was a leading peaceful activist within the Civil Rights Movement. During the 1960s, he served as a mentor to the Nashville Student Movement and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.

References

Other websites
 “The Rev. James Lawson: An Advocate of Peaceful Change” - an interview on National Public Radio

1928 births
Living people
American civil rights activists
Educators from Pennsylvania
Writers from Pennsylvania
American human rights activists
American philanthropists
Christian writers
Nonviolence advocates
The Last Poets is the name for several groups of poets and musicians who came out of the late 1960s African-American civil rights movement's black nationalist movement. The name is taken from a poem by the South African revolutionary poet Keorapetse Kgositsile. The Original Last Poets were formed on May 19, 1968 at Marcus Garvey Park in East Harlem. Their first album The Last Poets was released in 1970.

1968 establishments in New York (state)
Musicians
James Elmo Williams (April 30, 1913 – November 25, 2015) was an American movie editor, producer, director, and television executive. He is best known for his work on the movie High Noon (1952). For High Noon, he won the Academy Award for Film Editing. In 2006, he published the memoir Elmo Williams: A Hollywood Memoir. He has got many achievements for his movie editing work.

Williams was born in Lone Wolf, Oklahoma. In 1940, he married Lorraine Williams. She died in August 2004. They adopted two daughters and a son. He turned 100 in April 2013. He died on November 25, 2015 in Brookings, Oregon at the age of 102.

References

Other websites
 

1913 births
2015 deaths
Academy Award winners
American centenarians
American movie directors
American movie editors
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Businesspeople from Oklahoma
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Valeri Nisim Mevorah (; 22 April 1920 – 27 August 2014), better known as Valeri Petrov (), was a Bulgarian poet, screenwriter, playwright and translator. He was active between 1945 and the 1990s. He wrote the screenplay for a movie called Yo Ho Ho in 1981. It was made into a movie again in 2006, called The Fall .

Petrov was born in Sofia. His father was Jewish. During World War II, Bulgaria was (for a time) pro-Nazi so he used his non-Jewish mother's surname. He graduated in medicine from Sofia University in 1944. He was politically a leftist and socialist. Between 1947 and 1950, to continue his writing career he worked as a press and cultural attache and traveled to Rome, Italy. He also went to the United States, Switzerland and France.

He was a member of the Bulgarian parliament.

Death

Petrov died from a stroke on 27 August 2014 in Sofia, aged 94.

References

Other websites

  
 

1920 births
2014 deaths
Bulgarian politicians
Deaths from stroke
People from Sofia
Bulgarian writers
Playwrights
Poets
Screenwriters
Socialists
European translators
The Sunda Islands are part of the Malay archipelago. They are divided into the Greater Sunda Islands and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Sulawesi make up the Greater Sunda Islands. The Lesser Sunda Islands consist of many smaller islands. Today, the Sunda Islands are divided between Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and East Timor. The Wallace Line also runs through the Sunda Islands. It is the biological division between the Australian fauna and flora, and that of Southeast Asia.

Geography of Asia
Yehezkel Braun (; January 18, 1922 – August 27, 2014) was a German-born Israeli composer.  Braun was Professor Emeritus at Tel Aviv University.

Braun was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland). He moved to Mandate Palestine when he was two years old. Braun studied at the Israel Academy of Music. He received a Master's degree in Classical Studies from Tel Aviv University. In 2001, Braun was awarded the Israel Prize for music.

Braun died in Tel Aviv on August 27, 2014. He was 92.

References

1922 births
2014 deaths
German Jews
Israeli academics
Jewish academics
Jewish Israeli musicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from former German territories
People from Wrocław
Tel Aviv University alumni
Pedro Pubill Calaf  24 March 1935 – 27 August 2014), better known as Peret, was a Spanish gypsy singer, guitarist and composer of Catalan rumba. He was born in Mataró, Catalonia.

Peret was known for his 1971 single, Borriquito (Ariola Records).  Peret represented Spain at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1974 and performed during the closing ceremony at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. In 2001, Peret recorded and released Rey De La Rumba (King of the Rumba).

Peret died in Barcelona, Spain from lung cancer, aged 79.

References

Other websites

 

1935 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Spanish singers
Spanish composers
Guitarists
Jan Leonard Groth (25 February 1946 – 27 August 2014) was a Norwegian musician. He was active from the early 1970s onwards. He was a member of the progressive rock band Aunt Mary, where he was lead singer and keyboardist. He later moved on to Christian rock, where he most notably sang rock versions of many preacher singer's songs. He was also a member of the band Just 4 Fun. At the 1991 Eurovision Song Contest, Just 4 Fun represented Norway and played the song "Mrs. Thompson".

Groth was born in Greåker. He grew up in a Pentecostal family.

Groth died after a year long battle with cancer on 27 August 2014. He was 68.

References

Other websites
  

1946 births
2014 deaths
Christians
Deaths from cancer
Disease-related deaths in Norway
Keyboardists
Norwegian singers
Pentecostals
Rock singers
Simon Mark Featherstone  (24 July 1958 – 27 August 2014) was a British diplomat. He served as the High Commissioner to Malaysia from October 2010 until May 2014. He served the United Kingdom on diplomatic missions in China, Belgium, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Malaysia.

Featherstone was born in London. He was one of four brothers. He studied law at the University of Oxford and got an MA in 1980. He was married and had three children.

Featherstone died after a year long illness on 27 August 2014. He was 56.

References

Other websites
 Simon Featherstone at gov.uk
 Simon Featherstone  at Our Memory Of

1958 births
2014 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British diplomats
British lawyers
Disease-related deaths in England
Politicians from London
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom
Fania Marinoff (; ) (March 20, 1890 – November 17, 1971) was an Russian-American actress.

Early life
Marinoff was born in Odessa, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). She married Carl Van Vechten in 1914. They had met two years earlier, and their marriage lasted over 50 years until Van Vechten's death.

Career
She played supporting and lead roles in dozens of Broadway plays between 1903 and 1937, and eight U.S. silent movies between 1914 and 1917.

Death
She died in 1971 in Englewood, New Jersey from pneumonia, aged 81.

Some of her movies
 The Unsuspected Isles (1915)
 McTeague (1916)
 The Rise of Jennie Cushing (1917)

References

Other websites

 
 Internet Broadway Database
 Photo 
portrait gallery (NY Public Library, Billy Rose collection)

1890 births
1971 deaths
American silent movie actors
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in New Jersey
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Odessa
Russian movie actors
Elias Victor Seixas, Jr. (born August 30, 1923) is an American former tennis player.

Seixas was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was raised Jewish. He studied at William Penn Charter School. After serving in World War II, he studied at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC)

In 1951, Seixas was ranked No. 4 in the world, two spots below Dick Savitt, while he was No. 1 in the U.S. ranking, one spot ahead of Savitt. In 1953, Seixas was ranked No. 3 in the world by Lance Tingay, and was also cited as being the World No. 1 in newspaper Reading Eagle the same year.

He is currently the oldest living male Grand Slam singles champion.

References

Other websites
ITF – Player profile
Davis Cup bio
International Tennis Hall of Fame
Prominent members of Chi Psi
Alpha Sigma of Chi Psi at UNC 

1923 births
American male tennis players
Australian Open champions
French Open champions
Jewish American sportspeople
Living people
Sportspeople from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
John George Vanderbilt Henry Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, DL, JP (13 April 1926 – 16 October 2014) was a British educator. He was the principal of a school in his birthplace of Blenheim Palace.

He was the son of Lt.-Col. John Spencer-Churchill, 10th Duke of Marlborough and his wife, Hon. Alexandra Mary Hilda Cadogan. He was also a relation of The Duke of Devonshire and a generational cousin of the war-time Conservative Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill. 

He was also a distant relative of Diana, Princess of Wales as both belong to the Spencer family, and of the Vanderbilt family through his paternal grandmother, Consuelo Vanderbilt.

Spencer-Brown died in the morning of 16 October 2014 in Blenheim Palace, aged 88.

References

Other websites

Cast of Branagh's Hamlet
Elizabeth Sanderson. "How a Persian beauty reunited the grumpy Duke with black sheep son he disinherited" Daily Mail 17 August 2008. The article online also includes photographs of Jamie Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford, his second wife Edla, and his elder son George.
James Reginato. "Magnificent Obsession" Vanity Fair June 2011

1926 births
2014 deaths
British educators
Writers from Oxfordshire
Thomas Jacob Hilfiger (born March 24, 1951) is an American fashion designer. He is the founder of the lifestyle brand Tommy Hilfiger Corporation. Hilfiger began his business career at the age of 18. He moved to New York City in his early 20s.

References

Other websites

 Official website

1951 births
Living people
American fashion designers
Businesspeople from New York