cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
A number of similar exercises are called "bicep curls". These are designed to use the muscles on the top of the arm. 

Most of the time a person is seated or standing and a weight is held in the hand. The elbow is then bent to make the hand come to the shoulder. 

The different kinds of bicep curls mostly change the way the wrist is positioned.

Fitness
A pull-up is a kind of exercise that uses the weight of the body (body weight) to make a person stronger. To do this exercise one holds something that is high above the head with both hands so their body is hanging free under it. Bend your knees like your shins are parallel to the ground, it makes easier to do. Then one pulls oneself up and stops when the chin is above the hands. This mostly helps the back muscles but also uses the muscles on top of the arms (biceps) and stomach (abdominals). It is an exercise that does not need any special equipment except something high that a person can hold on to.

Many different ways to position the wrist and hands are used. Some say these are all different exercises, but they are all similar. Some kinds of pull-ups use weights on a belt to make the exercise harder.

Many who use bad form on this exercise will kick with their legs or jump and jerk with the legs to help the motion. Good form is holding the low parts of the body still and only using the arms to pull the body up.

Fitness
The BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay is a British Academy Film Award for the best script.  It was awarded from 1968 to 1982.  In 1983 it was split into BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay and BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

 1982 - Missing - Costa-Gavras and Donald E. Stewart
 E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial - Melissa Mathison
 Gandhi - John Briley
 On Golden Pond - Ernest Thompson

 1981 - Gregory's Girl - Bill Forsyth
 Atlantic City - John Guare
 Chariots of Fire - Colin Welland
 The French Lieutenant's Woman - Harold Pinter

 1980 - Being There - Jerzy Kosinski
 Airplane! - Jim Abrahams, David Zucker, Jerry Zucker
 The Elephant Man - Christopher De Vore, Eric Bergren and David Lynch
 Kramer vs. Kramer - Robert Benton

 1979 - Manhattan - Woody Allen and Marshall Brickman
 The China Syndrome - Mike Gray, T.S. Cook and James Bridges
 The Deer Hunter - Deric Washburn
 Yanks - Colin Welland and Walter Bernstein

 1978 - Julia - Alvin Sargent
 Close Encounters of the Third Kind - Steven Spielberg
 The Goodbye Girl - Neil Simon
 A Wedding - John Considine, Patricia Resnick, Allan F. Nicholls and Robert Altman

 1977 - Annie Hall - Woody Allen and Marshall Brickman
 Network - Paddy Chayefsky
 Rocky - Sylvester Stallone
 Equus - Peter Shaffer

 1976 - Bugsy Malone - Alan Parker
 All the President's Men - William Goldman
 One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest - Lawrence Hauben and Bo Goldman
 The Sunshine Boys - Neil Simon

 1975 - Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore - Robert Getchell
 Dog Day Afternoon - Frank Pierson
 Jaws - Peter Benchley and Carl Gottlieb
 Nashville - Joan Tewkesbury

 1974 - Chinatown - Robert Towne and The Last Detail - Robert Towne
 Blazing Saddles - Mel Brooks, Norman Steinberg, Andrew Bergman, Richard Pryor and Alan Uger
 The Conversation - Francis Ford Coppola
 Lacombe Lucien - Louis Malle and Patrick Modiano

 1973 - The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie - Luis Buñuel and Jean-Claude Carrière
 The Day of the Jackal - Kenneth Ross
 Sleuth - Anthony Shaffer
 A Touch of Class - Melvin Frank, Jack Rose

 1972 - The Hospital - Paddy Chayefsky and The Last Picture Show -  Larry McMurtry and Peter Bogdanovich
 Cabaret - Jay Presson Allen
 A Clockwork Orange - Stanley Kubrick

 1971 - The Go-Between - Harold Pinter
 Gumshoe - Neville Smith
 Sunday Bloody Sunday - Penelope Gilliatt
 Taking Off - Milos Forman, John Guare, Jean-Claude Carrière and Jon Klein

 1970 - Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid - William Goldman
 Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice - Paul Mazursky and Larry Tucker
 Kes - Barry Hines, Ken Loach, Tony Garnett
 They Shoot Horses, Don't They? - James Poe and Robert E. Thompson

 1969 - Midnight Cowboy - Waldo Salt
 Goodbye, Columbus - Arnold Schulman
 Women in Love - Larry Kramer
 Z - Costa-Gavras, Jorge Semprún

 1968 - The Graduate - Calder Willingham and Buck Henry
 If.... - David Sherwin
 The Lion in Winter - James Goldman

Other websites
 

BAFTA Awards
The palaestra at Olympia, Greece is an ancient structure, now in ruins. There were many palaestra throughout Greece. A palaestra was the place where Greek athletes trained for and practiced wrestling, the pankration, and sometimes boxing. The palaestra at Olympia was built sometime in the third century BC.

It is north of the gymnasion. It is square. Its sides are each about 66 meters long. Its door is in the northwest corner. The lower part of the outer walls were made of stone and the upper part of brick. Inside was a sand-covered yard open to the sky. This yard was surrounded on all four sides with colonnades of Doric columns. In bad weather, the athletes practiced under these colonnades.

Off these colonnades were rooms where the athletes dressed and undressed, rubbed themselves with olive oil, dusted themselves with powder or sand, and met friends.  There was a tub (1.5 meters deep) in the corner of the yard that was used for cold baths.  There were rooms for the storage of oil and equipment.

In 195556, the German Archaeological Institute partly restored the palaestra. Complete restoration is not possible because many of the columns have been completely destroyed.

Palaestra

References 
 

Ancient Greek wrestling
Boxing
Olympia, Greece
Sports buildings in Greece
3rd-century BC establishments
Vanessa Proux (31 May 1974) is a French biologist and the current head of Sup'Biotech.

Holder of a Master's degree in biochemistry (1997) and one more in microbiology, Vanessa Proux graduates from University of Technology of Compiègne in October 2001 (Doctorate in microbiology). During 4 years, she is teacher and researcher.

Since February 2004, she is head of the Sup'Biotech.

Bibliography 
 Biotechnologies. Les promesses du vivant., Villejuif, FYP Éditions, 2015, 256 p. ()

References 

1974 births
French biologists
Living people
The 2011–12 Fußball-Bundesliga was the 49th season of the Fußball-Bundesliga, Germany's top football league. The season started on August 5, 2011 and ended on May 5, 2012. The defending champions were Borussia Dortmund.

Teams 

 FC Augsburg
 Bayer Leverkusen
 Bayern Munich
 Borussia Dortmund
 Borussia Mönchengladbach
 SC Freiburg
 Hamburger SV
 Hannover 96
 Hertha BSC
 1899 Hoffenheim
 1. FC Kaiserslautern
 1. FC Köln
 1. FSV Mainz 05
 1. FC Nuremberg
 Schalke 04
 VfB Stuttgart
 Werder Bremen
 VfL Wolfsburg

League table 

Below are the top 5, and the lowest 5 teams in the 2011/12 season. As you can see, Borussia Dortmund, Bayern Munich, Schalke 04, Borussia Mönchengladbach and Bayer Leverkusen all did well in the league and were allowed to play in either the UEFA Champions League, or the UEFA Europa League.

Also, Hertha BSC went to the relegation play-off, and FC Köln and 1. FC Kaiserslautern were relegated.

Relegation play-off 

Fortuna Düsseldorf won the relegation play-off match against Hertha BSC and moved to the Fußball-Bundesliga for the 2012/13 season. Hertha BSC was sent to the 2. Bundesliga.

Statistics

Top goalscorers 
Source: bundesliga.de

29 goals
  Klaas-Jan Huntelaar (Schalke 04)

26 goals
  Mario Gómez (Bayern Munich)

22 goals
  Robert Lewandowski (Borussia Dortmund)

18 goals
  Claudio Pizarro (Werder Bremen)
  Lukas Podolski (1. FC Köln)
  Marco Reus (Borussia Mönchengladbach)

17 goals
  Martin Harnik (VfB Stuttgart)

Related pages
 Fußball Bundesliga

Bundesliga seasons
2011 in association football
2012 in association football
2011 in Germany
2012 in Europe
The 2012–13 Fußball-Bundesliga is the 50th season of the Fußball-Bundesliga, Germany's top football league. The season started on August 24, 2012 and ended on May 18, 2012. The defending champions were Borussia Dortmund. The champion was decided before the tournament ended. FC Bayern Munich won the tournament, with 91 points (a 25-point lead).

Teams

League table 

Below is the table for the 2012–13 Fußball-Bundesliga season. Bayern Munich, Borussia Dortmund and Bayer 04 Leverkusen directly qualified for the UEFA Champions League, while Fortuna Düsseldorf and SpVgg Greuther Fürth were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga.

Related pages
 German Bundesliga

Bundesliga seasons
2012 in association football
2013 in association football
2013 in Germany
2012 in Europe
Cyclone Jal was a severe cyclonic storm that formed in the South China Sea on October 31, 2010. It then hit Thailand and Malaysia. It then went on to hit India. The storm hit the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and parts of Kerala. Some of its moisture traveled to the states Rajasthan and Gujarat.

There were 118 deaths caused by the cyclone. Thousands were displaced.

Tropical cyclones in Asia
Cyclonic storms
2010 in weather
2010 in India
2010s in Thailand
History of Malaysia
October 2010 events
Hurricane Bud was the first hurricane of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season. It was formed on May 21, 2012, and died on May 26, 2012. It started near Western Mexico. It made landfall there, where it uprooted trees and washed away roads. It approached Baja California but did not damage it. It is unknown how many deaths it caused.

East Pacific hurricanes
2012 in weather
May 2012 events
2012 in North America
2010s in Mexico
The Securitas depot robbery was the largest cash robbery in British history. It took place on 21-22 February 2006. Several men kidnapped and threatened the family of the manager, tied up 14 staff members and stole over £53 million in banknotes from a Securitas depot in Tonbridge, Kent, England.

References 

2006 crimes
2006 in Europe
2000s crimes in Europe
2000s in England
Crime in England
February 2006 events
Kent
Kidnapping
Robberies
The Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the modern-day Republic of South Africa. It was formed on 31 May 1910 when the British Cape Colony and the Natal Colony unified with the defeated Boer republics of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. The provinces of the union were called, respectively, as the Cape Province, the Natal Province, the Transvaal Province, and the Orange Free State Province. Following World War I, the former German colony of German South West Africa was put under administration of the Union of South Africa as a League of Nations mandate and was treated as if it were another province.

The Union of South Africa came to an end on 31 May 1961, when a new constitution came into effect, transforming the Union of South Africa into a republic, under the name 'Republic of South Africa'.

History of South Africa

1910 establishments
1961 disestablishments
1910s establishments in Africa
Carl Eugene Watts (November 7, 1953 - September 21, 2007) was an American criminal. He was a thief, burglar, stalker, kidnapper, torturer and serial killer. 

Watts was born in Killeen, Texas. During his childhood his parents separated and divorced; he moved with his mother to Inkster, Michigan, she married another man. Watts was the eldest of ten children. Both Watts' marriages ended in divorce. He had one child.

Watts was an African-American; the large majority of his victims were white. He was diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and depression. He was of well below-average intelligence and was a disorganized thrill killer. He committed his crimes in Texas and Michigan. His methods of killing included strangulation, stabbing, bludgeoning and drowning. He was apprehended in Houston, Texas on May 23, 1982. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and was not released. He died of prostate cancer in hospital in Jackson, Michigan.

References 

1953 births
2007 deaths
African-American people
American burglars
American kidnappers
American prisoners
American serial killers
American thieves
Cancer deaths in Michigan
Criminals from Michigan
Criminals from Texas
Deaths from prostate cancer
People who died in prison custody in the United States
People with antisocial personality disorder
Anthony Minghella (6 January 1954 – 18 March 2008) was a British movie director, producer and screenwriter of Italian ancestry. He was born in Ryde, Isle of Wight. His brother is screenwriter Dominic Minghella (born 1967). 

Minghella wrote and directed Truly, Madly, Deeply; he won a BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay. He wrote and directed The English Patient; he won a BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and an Academy Award for Best Director. He wrote and directed The Talented Mr. Ripley and Cold Mountain.

Minghella had cancer of the tonsils and the neck. He died of a cerebral haemorrhage and from cancer complications in Charing Cross Hospital, west London, the week after an operation to remove the cancer. He had a son, actor Max (born 1985) and a daughter, Hannah.

References

Other websites 

1954 births
2008 deaths
Academy Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning writers
Cancer deaths in England
Cardiovascular disease deaths in England
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Deaths from oropharyngeal cancer
English movie directors
English movie producers
English screenwriters
English television directors
English television producers
English television writers
People from the Isle of Wight
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a United States federal body whose purpose is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the government of the United States.

The Board's purpose is to standardize -- not regulate -- US and foreign geographic names, including the names of geographical features underseas and in Antarctica.

History
The Board was created in 1890 by executive order of President Benjamin Harrison. The Board was given authority to resolve questions about geographic names.

In 1947, the Board was recreated by Congress in Public Law 80-242.

The Geographic Names Information System includes topographic map names and bibliographic references. The names of books and historic maps which confirm the feature or place name are cited. Variant names, alternatives to official federal names for a feature, are also recorded.  

Processes for standardizing non-US geographic names, Antarctic names and undersea features were developed.

Related pages
 Geographic Names Information System
 Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
 Geographical Names Board of Canada

References

Other websites
US Board on Geographic Names website
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) website

 
Board on Geographic Names
Board on Geographic Names
1890 establishments in the United States
Marie Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France, Daughter of France, Madame Sophie (9 July 1786 – 19 June 1787) was a French princess. She was born at the Palace of Versailles. Sophie was the youngest of the four children of King Louis XVI of France and his Queen consort, Marie Antoinette.  She was named after her deceased great-aunt, Princess Sophie of France.  As the daughter of the king, Sophie ranked third in importance after her mother the queen and her older sister Madame Royale Marie Thérèse. Sophie was legally titled Her Royal Highness Princess Sophie of France but was however known as Madame Sophie)

Sophie was a very large baby. Her health was undermined by tuberculosis. She died in Versailles after five or six days of troubles caused by the cutting of new teeth. She was eleven months old. Her death caused much grief for her parents. When Marie Antoinette's foster-brother, Joseph Weber, attempted to comfort her with the fact that Sophie was very young and could not have formed a strong attachment for the mother. Marie Antoinette said only, "Don't forget that she would have been my friend." This referred to her words after the birth of Sophie's older sister in 1778. Sophie was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis. This was north of Paris.

References

1786 births
1787 deaths
People from Versailles
Deaths from tuberculosis
French Roman Catholics
Burials at the Basilica of St Denis
French princesses
The FIFA Confederations Cup (formally known as the King Fahd Cup) is an Association football tournament for national teams held by FIFA. It is played with the winner of the FIFA confederation championships (UEFA, CONMEBOL, CONCACAF, CAF, AFC, OFC), as well as the FIFA World Cup holder and the host. The number of teams is eight. This tournament is regarded as early step on the way to the FIFA World Cup.

Previous winners 

*: hosts

References

 
1992 establishments
, also known as the , is the time from approximately 1573 to 1606 in history of Japan.

This period is called Azuchi-Momoyama because there were two great centers of power during this time.  One was Oda Nobunaga's castle at Azuchi near Lake Biwa.  The other was Toyotomi Hideyoshi's castle at Momoyama near Kyoto.

Timeline
 1568 (Eiroku 11): Nobunaga entered Kyoto
 1573 (Genki 4): Oda Nobunaga causes the Ashikaga Yoshiaki to flee Kyoto; the Ashikaga shogunate is ended
 1576 (Tenshō 3, 5th month): Battle of Nagashino.
 1582 (Tenshō 10): Nobunaga was assassinated by Akechi Mitsuhide
 1583 (Tenshō 12, 4th month): Battle of Komaki and Nagakute.
 1592 (Bunroku 1): Hideyoshi invaded Korea., This event was known as Bunroku-Keichō no Eki and it was also known as the Imjin War.
 September 18, 1598 (Keichō 3, 18th day of the 8th month): Hideyoshi died at the age of 63.
 October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month): Battle of Sekigahara,
 1603 (Keichō 8): Tokugawa Ieyasu was named Shogun.
 1614  ( Keichō 19):  Battle of Osaka (Osaka Fuyu no Jin)
 1615  ( Keichō 20):  Battle of Osaka (Osaka Natsu no Jin)

Culture
The times when Toyotomi grasped the government are called , and the culture that prospered mainly on this time is called .

A new merchant class grew in cities at this time. Consumption and luxurious culture had increased among the wealthy.

Trade with the West was influential Francisco Xavier visited Japan.

References

Other websites

Periods in Japanese history
1573 establishments
16th-century establishments in Japan
1606 disestablishments
17th-century disestablishments in Japan
is a Japanese city in Ishikawa Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of the prefecture.

It has been recognized as a core city since 1996.

History
During the Edo period, Kanazawa was the center of the Maeda clan.

Kanazawa has a big Japanese garden called Kenroku-en. Kenroku-en was made as a garden of the Kanazawa castle at the Edo period.  It is regarded as one of the most famous gardens in Japan.

Geography
Kanazawa is on the western coast of Honshu.  It faces the Sea of Japan.

References

Other websites

city homepage

Cities in Japan
Settlements in Ishikawa Prefecture
Pope Alexander VI (; 1431–1503), born Rodrigo Lanzol y Borja, was an Spanish cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 215th Pope from 1492 to 1503.

Early life
In 1431, Lanzol y Borja born in Xàtiva, which is near Valencia in Spain.  His father was Jofre Lançol.  His mother was Isabella Borgia, who was a sister of Cardinal Alfonso Borgia, who later became Pope Callixtus III.

He was adopted into the immediate family of Pope Callixtus; and was known afterwards as Rodrigo Borgia.

Cardinal
In 1456, he was made Cardinal.

Pope

Cardinal Borgia was elected pope on August 11, 1492; and he took the name of Alexander VI.

Pope Alexander is known for writing Inter Caetera in 1493.  In this papal decree, Alexander decided that some parts of South America would be Spanish or and some parts would be Portuguese.

Related pages
 List of popes
 List of popes from the Borgia family

References

Other websites

 
  Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church,  Borja y Borja, Rodrigo de
 The Borgias at IMDb

Alexander
1431 births
1503 deaths
House of Borgia
Popes
A exotic pet is a rare or unusual animal which is kept as a pet. It is kept in human households but is relatively unusual or usually thought of as a wild animal rather than as a pet.

"Exotic" often refers to a species which is not native (indigenous) to where the owner lives, or an animal that isn't typically kept as a pet (unlike cats or dogs).  "Pet" is a companion animal living with people.

Some animals kept as exotic pets
A wide variety of animals have been kept as pets. Below is a list of some animals that are kept in captivity at home and are thought to be "exotic". Where examples are provided within a category, the examples are the animals that are relatively commonly kept as pets in captivity at home within that category (although mice and parakeets may not really be considered very "exotic").

Arachnids (e.g., tarantulas, scorpions, and vinegaroons)
Dolphins and porpoises
Frogs and toads (e.g., African bullfrogs, Argentine horned frogs, and fire-bellied toads)
Genets
Hedgehogs
Hyenas
Insects (e.g., crickets, stick insects, Hercules beetles, Madagascar hissing cockroaches, and praying mantises)
Kusimanses
Lagomorphs (e.g. rabbits and hares)
Lizards (e.g., bearded dragons, blue-tongued skinks, chameleons, day geckos, iguanas, monitor lizards, frilled dragon lizard, leopard geckos, and tegus)
Marsupials (e.g., wallabies, wallaroos, koalas, wombats and possums such as sugar gliders)
Myriapods (e.g., millipedes)
Non-domesticated and hybrid canids (e.g., wolf-dog hybrids, fennec foxes, domesticated red foxes,  and raccoon dogs)
Non-domesticated and hybrid cats (e.g., Asian leopard cats, Bengal cats, caracals, chausies, savannah cats)

Parrots (e.g., African grays, Amazon parrots, caiques, cockatiels, cockatoos, conures, eclectus parrots, lories, lorikeets, lovebirds, macaws, parakeets, and parrotlets)
Pigeons
Primates (e.g. galagos (bush babies) and monkeys such as squirrel monkeys and capuchins as pictured above)
Procyonids (e.g. raccoons, kinkajous and coatimundis)
Raptors (e.g., falcons and hawks)
Rodents (e.g., capybaras, chinchillas, fancy rats, gerbils, dormice, guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, Patagonian cavies, and squirrels)
Salamanders (e.g., axolotls and tiger salamanders)
Sharks and other fishes
Skunks
Snakes (e.g., ball pythons, boa constrictors, king snakes, rat snakes)
Tortoises and other turtles (e.g., Greek tortoises, Hermann's tortoises, Russian tortoises, painted turtles, and red-eared sliders)

References 

Pets
The Abe's salamander (Hynobius abei) is a species of salamander. They are in the Hynobiidae family. They live in Japan. They live in forests, freshwater marshes, and freshwater springs. Their population is declining because of habitat loss. The IUCN lists the species as Critically Endangered.

References

Hynobius
Salamanders
Yanta District (, pinyin:Yàntǎ Qū, meaning "Wild goose Tower District") is a District of Xi'an, it's in southern part of Xi'an. Area of it is 151.44km2, and as of November 2010, 1,178,529 people live in here. The name of Yanta District is come from Big Wild Goose Tower, a tower that builded in 652 A.D. It's famous in culture and tour. The district have many university.

History 

In September 1954, Yanta District was set up. It was merge from Xi'an No.9 District, a part of Chang'an County, a part of Weiqu District and some other place.

In May 1960, some part of Xincheng District, Lianhu District and Beilin District was merged to Yanta District. But that was revoked in April 1962.

In September 1965, Yanta District was changed to Xi'an suburb toghter with Weiyang District, original Epang District and some other place. It's revoked in February 1980.

Political divisions 

Yanta District is divided to 8 part:

 Xiaozhailu Subdistrict
 Dayanta Subdistrict
 Changyanpu Subdistrict
 Dianzicheng Subdistrict
 Dengjiapo Subdistrict
 Yuhuazhai Subdistrict
 Zhangbagou Subdistrict
 Qujiang Subdistrict

Shaanxi
Districts of China
Leslie Nielsen (February 11, 1926 - November 28, 2010) was an American-Canadian actor, comedian and movie producer. His television roles include Forbidden Planet and Police Squad!. His movie roles include Airplane! and The Naked Gun trilogy: The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!, The Naked Gun 2 1/2: The Smell of Fear and Naked Gun 33 1/3: The Final Insult.

Nielsen was born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. He died of pneumonia in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

References

Other websites 
 

1926 births
2010 deaths
Comedians from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
American voice actors
Canadian comedians
Canadian movie actors
Canadian movie producers
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
People from Regina, Saskatchewan
Actors from Los Angeles
Flux is the software by which it is possible to create and display 3D worlds. Flux exists in the shape of plug-in for web browsers like Internet Explorer and also it works as a single program.

Weblinks 
 Flux - Official site*
 Flux - History 
 Flux - Alternatives
 NEW! Flux Studio 2.0 - Availability
 MediaMachines Open Sources FluxPlayer for X3D - Importance

Graphics software
Web software
The leatherback sea turtle is the largest of all living sea turtles.  It is the fourth largest modern reptile behind three crocodilians.

Adults average  in shell length,  in total length and weigh . The largest ever found was over  from head to tail and weighed . It was found on a beach on the west coast of Wales.

The eggs and young are often eaten by predators, but the adults can defend themselves aggressively. Only the largest sea predators can tackle a leatherback successfully.

Leatherback turtles are one of the deepest diving marine animals. They have been recorded diving to depths as great as .

They are also the fastest-moving reptiles. The 1992 edition of the Guinness Book of World Records lists the leatherback turtle moving at  in the water.
Usually, they swim at .

They can live as far north as Alaska and Norway and as far south as the Cape of Good Hope in Africa and the southernmost tip of New Zealand. The leatherback is found in all tropical and subtropical oceans, and it also goes well into the Arctic Circle.

Very little is known about how long they live. Some reports say "30 years or more", while others say "50 years or more".

References

Turtles
was a member of the Imperial House of Japan.

Early life
Prince Takahito was the fourth and youngest son of Emperor Taishō and Empress Teimei.  He was the brother of Emperor Shōwa, who was the father of the current emperor.

The prince's childhood title was Sumi-no-miya. He attended  the Gakushūin Peers' School from 1922 to 1932.

The prince attended the Imperial Japanese Army Academy from 1932 to 1936. He graduated from the Army Staff College.

In 1935, Emperor Shōwa gave him the title Mikasa-no-miya (Prince Mikasa). He was given permission to form a new branch of the Imperial family.

Career
Prince Mikasa served in the army from 1937 to 1947.

He was an officer in China. He served at Army Headquarters during the Second World War.

Death
Prince Mikasa died of cardiac arrest after being treated for pneumonia at a hospital in Tokyo at the age of 100.

Honors
 Order of the Chrysanthemum
 Order of the Elephant
 Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, 1982

Related pages 
 Line of succession to the Japanese throne
 Japanese Imperial family tree

References

Other websites 

 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaicho), Prince and Princess Mikasa

1915 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
People from Tokyo
Japanese imperial family
The Toronto Zoo is a zoo in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  With , the Toronto Zoo is the largest zoo in Canada.

It is in seven geographic regions: Indo-Malaya, Africa, Americas, Tundra Trek, Australasia, Eurasia and the Canadian Domain. Some animals are indoors in tropical settings.  Some are outdoors in what would be their normal environments. It also has areas such as the Kids Zoo, Waterside Theatre and Splash Island. The zoo is currently home to over 16,000 animals.  There are over 491 species.

In April 2012 the zoo is not in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums.  It sent three elephants to a place that is not okayed by the AZA. The zoo can ask to be back in the AZA in March 2013.

Gallery

References

Zoos
Toronto
Robert Oliver Reed (13 February 1938 - 2 May 1999) was a British actor. He was born in Wimbledon, Surrey. He was a nephew of movie director Sir Carol Reed (1906-1976) and grandson of actor and theatre manager Herbert Beerbohm Tree (1852-1917).

Reed's starred in many movies, including: Women in Love, The Devils, The Three Musketeers, Tommy, Castaway ,Gladiatorand "Treasure island"

Reed was an alcoholic. He died of a heart attack in Valletta, Malta.

References

Other websites 

Actors from Surrey
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English movie actors
English television actors
1938 births
1999 deaths
The immaculate antbird (Myrmeciza immaculata), also known as the blue-lored antbird, is a species of antbird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in forests in Costa Rica, Panama, western and northern Colombia, western Venezuela, and western Ecuador. The species eats insects, and usually follows swarms of army ants to catch prey. However, it may sometimes find its prey away from the swarms.

References 
 BirdLife International 2004.  Myrmeciza immaculata.   2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.   Downloaded on 26 July 2007.

Other websites 

Passeriformes
Triton was the son of Poseidon, the sea god, in Greek mythology. He acted as Poseidon's messenger. He had the ability to make the seas calm by blowing on a conch shell. He is shown in Greek art as having the body of a man and a fish tail, like a mermaid. Sometimes he is shown with arms like the claws of a crab, at other times he has arms like a horse's legs. He lived in a golden palace at the bottom of the ocean.

Sometimes Triton was shown as being many people, known as Tritones.

The planet Neptune's moon, Triton, was named after the god.

References

Greek mythology
Gilbert and Sullivan were two men who worked together during the late 19th century to write fourteen well known comic operas. W.S. Gilbert wrote the words to the operas, while Arthur Sullivan was the composer who wrote the music.

Gilbert and Sullivan introduced innovations in content and form that influenced the development of musical theatre in the 20th century. The operas have also influenced political discourse, literature, film and television. Their operas are still commonly performed today, and some have been turned into movies. Many of the operas are very funny, and the songs are often parodied.

Producer Richard D'Oyly Carte brought Gilbert and Sullivan together and helped their collaboration. He built the Savoy Theatre in 1881 to present their joint works, and founded the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, which performed and promoted their works for over a century.

Operas
 Thespis, or The Gods Grown Old (1871)
 Trial by Jury (1875)
 The Sorcerer (1877)
 H.M.S. Pinafore, or The Lass That Loved a Sailor (1878)
 The Pirates of Penzance, or The Slave of Duty (1879)
 Patience, or Bunthorne's Bride (1881)
 Iolanthe, or The Peer and the Peri (1882)
 Princess Ida, or Castle Adamant (1884)
 The Mikado, or The Town of Titipu (1885)
 Ruddigore, or The Witch's Curse (1887)
 The Yeomen of the Guard, or The Merryman and his Maid (1888)
 The Gondoliers, or The King of Barataria (1889)
 Utopia, Limited, or The Flowers of Progress (1893)
 The Grand Duke, or The Statutory Duel (1896)

References
The Folies Bergère  is a nightclub in Paris which opened in 1869 as a music hall. It was at the height of its fame and popularity from the 1890s until the Second World War. It is still in business.

History
It opened on 2 May 1869 as the Folies Trévise, offering operettas, comic opera, popular songs, and gymnastics. It became the Folies Bergère on 13 September 1872, named after a nearby street, the rue Bergère. 

In 1882, Édouard Manet painted the famous A Bar at the Folies-Bergère.

In 1886, Édouard Marchand thought up a new type of entertainment for the Folies Bergère: the music-hall review. Women would be the heart of Marchand's concept for the Folies. In the early 1890s, the American dancer Loïe Fuller  starred at the Folies Bergère. In 1902, illness forced Marchand to leave after 16 years.

In 1918, Paul Derval (1880–1966) made his mark on the review. His reviews were to feature extravagant costumes, sets and effects, and his "small nude women". Derval's small nude women would become the hallmark of the Folies. During his 48 years at the Folies, he launched the careers of many French stars including Maurice Chevalier, Mistinguett, Josephine Baker, Fernandel and many others.

Performers
Many famous entertainers have performed at the Folies Bergère:

Filmography 
 1936: Folies Bergère de Paris with Maurice Chevalier
 1956: Folies-Bergère with Zizi Jeanmaire
 1956: Énigme aux Folies Bergère 
 1991: La Totale!

References 

1869 establishments
Buildings and structures in Paris
Entertainment venues
19th-century establishments in France
1860s establishments in Europe
is a science fiction role-playing video game series that produced by Japanese company Crea-Tech. First game of series was release in 1991 in Nintendo Entertainment System. Due to treadmark problemsr, series has a sub-series Metal Saga. Series is famous in high freedom and unusual game world.

System 

Like other Japanese RPGs, players use characters travel in destroyed feature world, find items to strong themselves, and battle with enemys to get money. In games, player can find and get tanks, tanks are powerful and can protect characters. Player can find tank in different place by searching, bought by money or made by NPCs. In battle, human characters can attact by themselves or using tanks, while all character's health points equals 0, battle was lost.

Tank has 6 parts: cannon (main gun), machine gun (sub gun), special equipments, chassis, engine, and control system. Using weapon can attack enemy, and the others can keep tank running normally. Tank was covered by armors, if tank was attacked, armors might be lost, than it will broken easily. If tank broken heavily, it wouldn't move or protect character, and it must need to be fixed.

Development 

First game of series was released in 1991 when Dragon Quest was popular in Japan, developer said for public that it's boring for battle with dragons, play human with tanks RPG -- Metal Max. In 1993, Metal Max 2 was released, it was sold 280,000 copies. And in 1995, the first of series was remade.

In the end of 1990s, original publisher Data East run not good, some game want to be publisher but not success. Finally, Data East got bankrupt in 2003, and "Metal Max" belongs to the one who don't work for video games.

Since 2005, Success company published a game as title "Metal Saga". In 2009, Enterbrain get the original treadmark, and Metal Max 3 was published in 2010 by Kadokawa Games.

References

Other websites 
  
  
  
 Producer company's website 

Metal Max
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Role-playing video games
Science fiction
Video game series
Anna Helene Paquin (born July 24, 1982) is a Canadian-New Zealand movie actress. She was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba to a French Canadian father and New Zealand mother. She won Academy Awards for The Piano at age 11 in 1994. She also performed in movies related to the X-Men franchise.

Paquin is openly bisexual.

Filmography

Films

Television

Telefilms

Series

Short

Internet

Voice

References

Other websites

1982 births
Living people
Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Winnipeg
Bisexual people
Canadian child actors
Canadian LGBT people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
LGBT actors

New Zealand movie actors
New Zealand television actors
New Zealand voice actors
The Panathinaiko Stadium is a stadium in Athens, Greece. The Olympic Games of 1896 and 2004 were held here. The London 2012 Olympics started here.

It is the only major stadium in the world built entirely of white marble.  It is also one of the oldest in the world.

Olympic Games
Stadiums in Europe
Buildings and structures in Athens
The transpose of a matrix A is another matrix where the rows of A are written as columns. Vectors can be transposed in the same way. We can write the transpose of A using different symbols such as AT, A′  Atr and At.

Examples 
Here is the vector  being transposed:

Here are a few matrices being transposed:

Properties 
Given two matrices A and B, the following properties related to the transpose are true:

Related pages 

 Invertible matrix

References 

Algebra

de:Matrix (Mathematik)#Die transponierte Matrix
Hazāra () are a Persian-speaking people who mainly live in central Afghanistan and in Pakistan. They are mostly Shiite Muslims and comprise the third largest ethnic group of Afghanistan, forming about 18% (according to other sources up to 25%) of the total population. Over half a million Hazaras live in neighboring Pakistan, native to the region of Quetta and also some Hazaras live in Iran mostly as refugees.

Related pages 
 Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
 Aimaq Hazara
 Aimaq people

Gallery

References 

Hazara people
Emily Olivia Leah Blunt (born 15 October 1985) is a British and American actress. She was born in Wandsworth, London. She is a niece of the MP Crispin Blunt (born 1960) and a granddaughter of Peter Blunt (1923-2003).

Life
Blunt's television roles include the title character Gideon's Daughter, for which she won a Golden Globe Award. Her movie roles include Emily Charlton in The Devil Wears Prada, the title role of Queen Victoria in The Young Victoria and Elise Sellas in The Adjustment Bureau.

Blunt married John Krasinski in Como, Italy on 10 July 2010. The couple have two daughters, born in 2014 and 2016. Blunt became a dual British-American citizen in 2015. 

Blunt has been diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

In 2018, Blunt starred alongside her husband in the 2018 horror movie A Quiet Place. She starred as Mary Poppins in the 2018 Disney fantasy movie Mary Poppins Returns.

References

Other websites

1983 births
Living people
Actors from London
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Wandsworth
Alan Morton Dershowitz (born September 1, 1938) is an American lawyer, professor, and political commentator who is Jewish. He has spent most of his career at Harvard Law School, where he became the youngest full professor of law in its history in 1967, at the age of 28. He has held the Felix Frankfurter professorship there since 1993. He was born in Brooklyn.

Dershowitz is known for his role in several important legal cases and as a commentator on the Arab–Israeli conflict. As a criminal lawyer, he has won 13 of the 15 murder and attempted murder cases he has handled, and has represented many celebrity clients, such as Mike Tyson, Patty Hearst, Jeffrey Epstein and Jim Bakker. His most famous cases include his role in 1984 in overturning the conviction of Claus von Bülow for the attempted murder of his wife, Sunny, and as the appellate adviser for the defense in the trial of O.J. Simpson in 1995. In 2020, he was hired by President Donald Trump to defend him during his impeachment trial.

He is a political liberal, and has written several books on politics and law, including Reversal of Fortune: Inside the von Bülow Case (1985), the basis of the 1990 film; Chutzpah (1991); Reasonable Doubts: The Criminal Justice System and the O.J. Simpson Case (1996); The Case for Israel (2003); Rights From Wrongs: A Secular Theory of the Origins of Rights (2004) and The Case for Peace (2005).

He is also a writer (guest columnist/blogger) for The Huffington Post.

References

1938 births
Living people
Lawyers from New York City
American political commentators
Jewish American academics
Jewish American writers
Jewish lawyers
HuffPost writers and columnists
Writers from Brooklyn
Yale University alumni
Zionists
Educators from New York City
The Temple of Zeus is a Doric temple in the sanctuary at Olympia, Greece. Olympia was the site of the ancient Olympic Games. The temple is a ruin. It was dedicated to Zeus, the principal god of the Ancient Greeks. This temple was the most important and most impressive structure at Olympia. 

The temple was built between 470 BC and 456 BC. Local limestone was the chief material used. The roof tiles, the gargoyles, and the sculptures were made of marble. The temple measured 64.12 meters by 27.66 meters. It was 20.25 meters high. The temple had six columns at the ends and thirteen columns along both sides. The height of each column was 10.45 meters.

A ramp at the eastern end led to the prodomos. The table holding the Olympic wreaths stood to the right. The crowning of the victors took place on the last day at this spot. 

The sculptures of the east pediment depicted the story of Pelops and Hippodameia. This story is about the first chariot races. The sculptures of the west pediment depicted the story of the Centaurs and the Lapiths. This story is about the contest between barbarity and civilization. There were six metopes over the front porch and six over the back porch. They depicted the Labors of Heracles.

The temple once contained Phidias' Statue of Zeus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. The fate of the statue is unknown. It may have been taken to Constantinople where it was probably destroyed in the fire of 475 AD. Or, it may have been destroyed in the fire at Olympia in 426 AD. Phidias' workshop was discovered at Olympia in 1954.

Statue bases cover the area around the temple. These bases held statues of gods, heroes, and Olympic victors. They were dedicated by individuals and cities. The sacred olive from which the Olympic wreaths were cut stood on the west side of the temple. Emperor Theodosius II ordered the temple burned to the ground in 426 AD. Earthquakes destroyed it in 522 AD and in 551.

Reading list 
 
 

Buildings and structures in Greece
Zeus at Olympia
Greek mythology
Olympia, Greece
The Heraia were footraces held in honor of the goddess Hera in Olympia, Greece since early ancient times. The races were said to have been created by Hippodameia in gratitude for her marriage to Pelops. 

Only virgins from Elis, Greece competed. They wore a short tunic that fell just above the knees. The right shoulder was bare to the breast. Competitors ran only about 160 meters in the stadium of Olympia. This was somewhat short of the stadium's complete length. 

The judges were 16 Eleian women. Every four years, they wove Hera's sacred peplos (dress), and took it to her Temple. The judges had two special dances: the Hippodameia and the Physkoa. The latter was dedicated to a local nymph with whom Dionysos fell in love.  

Winners of the race received an olive branch wreath and a portion of the cow's meat sacrificed to Hera. They had the right to dedicate their statues to the Temple of Hera. The Heraia was not held during the years of the men's Olympic Games. About two years separated the events.

Ancient Greece
Ancient sports
A farad is a unit of measurement used in electronics. It is used for capacitance, which is the ability to store electric charge.  The unit is named after the English physicist Michael Faraday. The different sizes of farad are: farads (F), millifarads (mF), microfarads (μF), nanofarads (nF) or picofarads (pF). The farad is a large unit of capacitance. Typical devices in electronics have capacitances ranging from microfarads to picofarads. Some supercapacitors have more than one farad.

References 

Electricity
Jacme Taupiac (born 12 February 1939) is an Occitan author and linguist. He was one of the leaders of the Institut d'Estudis Occitans. He also modernized the Occitan grammar of Alibèrt and promoted the linguistic normalization of Val d'Aran. He is also a recognized Esperantist.

Reference
Biography on the magazine Calenda

Linguists
1939 births
Living people
French writers
Amp or AMP may be:

Science
Ampere, a unit of electrical current
Adenosine monophosphate, nucleotide found in RNA
Amphetamine, medicine used for treatment of ADHD and certain sleep disorders
Ampicillin, common antibiotic used in bacteria culture
Amplifier, device that increases the amplitude of a signal
Ampoule, medical container
Antimicrobial peptides, immune system peptides
AMP deaminase, a human enzyme encoded by the AMPD1 gene

Organizations
AMP Limited, Australian financial services company or one of its buildings:
AMP Building, Perth, Australia, see 140 St Georges Terrace
AMP Building, Hobart, Australia
AMP Centre, Sydney, Australia
AMP Place, Brisbane, Australia
AMP Society Building, Wellington, New Zealand
AMP Capital, a subsidiary
 AMP Incorporated, US company purchased by Tyco International in 1999
Alliance of the Presidential Majority (French: Alliance pour la majorité présidentielle), political platform in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Americans for Medical Progress, medical research charity
Ameriprise Financial, finance company spun off from American Express in 2005
Anjaman Mozareen Punjab, small peasants organisation fighting for land rights in Okara, Lahore, Renala Khurd and Depalpur in Pakistan
Applied Measurement Professionals, a company specializing in examinations for certification and licensure

Computing
AMP (solution stack) or "Apache, MySQL and PHP", software products commonly used together
Ampersand, printable character
Asymmetric multiprocessing, variety of processors for different tasks
Alternative MAC/PHY, part of the Bluetooth specification as of version 3.0

Entertainment
AMP Radio Networks, Malaysian-based radio company
Adobe Media Player, media player from Adobe
Adventures in Motion Pictures, UK ballet company
After Midnight Project, Los Angeles alternative rock band
Amp (TV series), music video show on MTV
Amp (band), rock and electronic band
Australian Music Prize, annual Australian music award
Amp (comics), a Marvel Comics fictional mutant
The Amp, a British music video channel

Music
Guitar amplifier
Instrument amplifier, device for amplifying electric instruments

Other
AMP Energy, drink made by PepsiCo
Advanced Manufacturing Park, manufacturing technology park in the United Kingdom
Advanced Mobile Phone System, first-generation analog cellular technology
Air Member for Personnel, senior appointment in the Royal Air Force
AutoMag (pistol), automatic Magnum pistol
Advanced Management Program (disambiguation), education program offered by several organizations
Amp Electric Vehicles, an electric vehicle maker
Asset Management Plan
Amp Lee (born 1971)
Amplified Bible, an English translation of the Bible
Rufino Jiao Santos (August 26, 1908–September 3, 1973) was a Filipino priest of the Roman Catholic Church.  He is known as the first Filipino Cardinal.

Early life
Rufino Santos was born in Guagua, Pampanga.  Santos studied at San Carlos Seminary from 1921 to 1927.  He also studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.

Priest
Santos became a priest in 1931.  He was ordained at the Basilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome.

Bishop
Santos became a bishop in 1947.  He was made archbishop of Manila on March 25, 1953. 

Repairs and renovation of Manila Cathedral were completed in 1958.

Cardinal
Pope John XXIII made Santos a cardinal on March 28, 1960.  

In 1970, Cardinal Santos was host for Pope Paul VI when he visited the Philippines.

References

Other websites
 Rufino Cardinal Santos at Catholic Hierarchy

1908 births
1973 deaths
Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church
Filipino Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic archbishops