cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Kazuhiro Murakami (born 20 January 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Omiya Ardija.

Club career statistics

|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||3||1
|-
|2000||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="6"|Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||4||0||3||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||18||0||1||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||25||1
|-
|2003||13||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||36||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||37||4
|-
|2005||26||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||27||4
|-
|2006||28||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||1
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Kawasaki Frontale||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||22||4||3||0||1||0||6||0||32||4
|-
|2008||25||1||2||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|-
|2009||28||0||4||1||5||0||6||0||43||1
|-
|2010||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||||||||||||||||||||
200||14||16||2||20||2||12||0||248||18
200||14||16||2||20||2||12||0||248||18
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Mie Prefecture
Gonzo (aka Gonzo the Great or The Great Gonzo) is a puppet character, one of Jim Henson's Muppets. He is green and has a faucet-shaped nose. In Muppets in Space he is revealed to be an alien.
 

Fictional characters
Muppets

de:Die Muppet Show#Gonzo
León (Llión in Leonese language) is a city and municipality in León province in the northwest of Spain. About 135,000 people live there.

History 
León was is the capital of the Kingdom of León, an ancient country.

Language 
Leonese language is taught in sixteen schools.

Gallery

Related pages
 Kingodom of León
 Leonese language

Municipalities in the Kingdom of León
Settlements in León
Municipalities in Castile and León
Cities in Castile and León
Capital cities in Spain
Hurricane Gaston struck the eastern coast of South Carolina in late August 2004. The storm produced moderate damage from South Carolina to Virginia.

Hurricanes in South Carolina
The rural district Zwickau is a district in west Saxony. It was founded at August 1, 2008. It consists of the  (former) Chemnitzer Land Rural District and Zwickauer Land Rural District. It is the smallest district of Saxony but also the district with the highest population density of Saxony.

History 
The district was formed on August 1, 2008. This was the result of an administration reform in Saxony. The rural district Zwickau was built up by the Chemnitzer Land Rural District, Zwickauer Land Rural District and the town of Zwickau. The county seat of the district is the biggest city Zwickau. However, the former county seats of the different districts were kept as outpost. Those are namely Glauchau, Limbach-Oberfrohna, Werdau and Hohenstein-Ernstthal.

Economy 
In July 2008, there were 25,026 people jobless. That means there was a rate of unemployment of 11.1 percent. It was the lowest jobless rate of the Regierungsbezirk Chemnitz. Because of the end of the schoolyear the unemployment rate of pupils rose up.

Education 
In the rural district Zwickau is one Study Academy (called: Berufsakademie Glauchau) nine vocational schools and some grammar schools. Overall there are 124 schools. In Chemnitz and Zwickau are different Universities.

Politics 
The Kreistag was elected on 8 June 2008. The current chief administrative officer of the Zwickau Rural District is Christoph Scheurer.

Towns and municipalities 
{|
! colspan=2 align=left width=50%|Towns
! colspan=2 align=left width=50%|Municipalities
|- valign=top
||
Crimmitschau
Glauchau
Hartenstein
Hohenstein-Ernstthal
Kirchberg
Lichtenstein, Germany
Limbach-Oberfrohna
||
Meerane
Oberlungwitz
Waldenburg
Werdau
Wildenfels
Wilkau-Haßlau
Zwickau
||
Bernsdorf
Callenberg
Crinitzberg
Dennheritz
Fraureuth
Gersdorf
Hartmannsdorf bei Kirchberg
Hirschfeld
Langenbernsdorf
Langenweißbach
||
Lichtentanne
Mülsen
Neukirchen
Niederfrohna
Oberwiera
Reinsdorf
Remse
Sankt Egidien
Schönberg
|}

References

Other websites 
 www.landkreis-zwickau
The rural district Erzgebirgskreis is a Landkreis (district) in Saxony, Germany. It was founded on 1 August 2008. With a population of about 372,000 inhabitants, it is the most populated rural district in Saxony.

Towns and municipalities 
{|
! colspan=2 align=left width=40%|Towns
! colspan=3 align=left width=60%|Municipalities
|- valign=top
||
 Annaberg-Buchholz
 Aue
 Ehrenfriedersdorf
 Eibenstock
 Elterlein
 Geyer
 Grünhain-Beierfeld
 Johanngeorgenstadt
 Jöhstadt
 Lauter
 Lengefeld
 Lößnitz
 Lugau
 Marienberg
||
  Oberwiesenthal
 Oelsnitz
 Olbernhau
 Schneeberg
 Schwarzenberg
 Scheibenberg
 Schlettau
 Stollberg
 Thalheim
 Thum
 Wolkenstein
 Zöblitz
 Zschopau
 Zwönitz 

||
 Amtsberg
 Auerbach 
 Bad Schlema
 Bärenstein
 Bernsbach
 Bockau
 Börnichen
 Borstendorf
 Breitenbrunn
 Burkhardtsdorf 
 Crottendorf
 Deutschneudorf
 Drebach
 Erlbach-Kirchberg 
 Gelenau
||
  Gornau
 Gornsdorf 
 Großolbersdorf
 Großrückerswalde
 Grünhainichen 
 Heidersdorf 
 Hohndorf 
 Hormersdorf 
 Jahnsdorf 
 Königswalde
 Mildenau
 Neukirchen 
 Niederdorf 
 Niederwürschnitz 
 Pfaffroda 
||
  Pobershau 
 Pockau 
 Raschau-Markersbach
 Schönheide
 Sehmatal
 Seiffen 
 Sosa
 Stützengrün
 Tannenberg
 Thermalbad Wiesenbad
 Venusberg 
 Waldkirchen 
 Zschorlau
|}

Politics 
The Kreistag was elected on 8 June 2008. The current chief administrative officer of the erzgebirgskreis is Frank Vogel.

References

Other websites 
 Official website (German)
Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Carolina Marie Charlotte Louise Julia; 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925) was the wife of King Edward VII. She was born in Denmark, and married Edward, then Prince of Wales, in 1863. After her husband's death in 1910, she retired from public life. She died at the age of 80 on 20 November 1925 at Sandringham House from heart attack .

More reading

Other websites

Kings and Queens consort of the United Kingdom
People with foods named after them
Knights of Justice of the Order of St John
1844 births
1925 deaths
Tropical Storm Arthur was the first tropical storm of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season. Arthur reached its highest winds of 60 miles per hour on July 16. Arthur started on July 14 near North Carolina, Tropical Storm Arthur moved mostly northwest and Tropical Storm Arthur died on July 16. The remains caused bad weather in Newfoundland and killed one person.

Meteorological History

On July 9 a low-level circulation started. It moved very slowly northwest and did not become a tropical depression. The low-level circulation moved ashore in Florida. Early on July 14 the low entered the Atlantic Ocean. Clouds around the low started growing. Late on July 14 the low became Tropical Depression One, while it was 45 miles south of Hatteras, North Carolina. On the morning of July 15 it became a tropical storm and was called "Arthur". Arthur slowly got stronger until July 16 when it reached its highest winds, which were at 60 miles per hour. Wind shear caused Arthur to die shortly later. The extratropical low was last seen on July 19 while it was near Greenland.

No retirement
Because the damage was low the name "Arthur" was not retired. This caused the name "Arthur" to be used again in 2008, it also did not get retired. So the name "Arthur" is going to be used again in 2012.

References

Arthur
Arthur (2002)
Zebu (Bos taurus indicus), a type of domesticated bovine cattle-like animal found in India, East Africa and China.

Characteristics 
Zebu have humps on the shoulders, large dewlaps and droopy ears. They are adapted to survive disease, intense heat, sun and humidity.

Reproduction 
Zebu can begin reproducing at around 44 months old. However, early reproduction can place stress on the body and possibly shorten lifespans. The carrying time of the calf averages at around 285 days, however it depends on the age and health of the mother. Male calves are carried for a shorter time than females.

References 

Cattle breeds
Hurricane Isidore was the strongest hurricane in the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season. Isidore affected the Windward Islands, Venezuela, Jamaica, Cuba, Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, parts of the United States. Some forecasters showed it possible for Isidore to make landfall in the United States as a category 4 hurricane. But since Isidore moved slow over Mexico, it struck the Louisiana as only a tropical storm. 

Hurricane Isidore killed 22 people and left $1.3 billion in damage.

The name "Isidore" was retired, which means it will never be used again for an Atlantic hurricane. It was replace with the "Ike", which was used in 2008 and was also retired.

Isidore
Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes
Hurricanes in Mexico
Hurricanes in the United States
Retired tropical cyclone names
2002 in the United States
2000s in Mexico
2000s in Cuba
2000s in Louisiana
Hurricane Kyle of 2002 was a very long-lived storm that began in September and lasted into October. This hurricane lasted almost a month.  It was the fifth-longest Atlantic storm recorded. Toward the end of its life, Hurricane Kyle made landfall twice, once in eastern South Carolina and another in North Carolina. Hurricane Kyle caused almost $5,000,000 USD in damage.

References

Hurricanes in the United States
Tropical Storm Allison was one of the worst tropical storms in the history of the United States. Most of the damage was in Texas. It was mostly the Houston Area. Allison caused more than $5 billion in damage. Allison also killed 55 people in the United States. Allison is the first tropical storm in the Atlantic Ocean to have its name retired without reaching hurricane strength.

Meteorological History

The beginning of Allison was a tropical wave that moved off of Africa on May 21. The wave moved all the most across the Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. It crossed South America and entered the Pacific Ocean. The wave crossed over southern Mexico and entered the Gulf of Mexico. The wave moved north until June 4, where it became Tropical Storm Allison. It skipped being a tropical depression while forming. On the same day Allison reached her top winds, which were at 60 mph. Allison weakened down to 50 mph winds.  
On June 5 Allison made landfall in Freeport, Texas with winds at 50 mph. Allison quickly weakened to a depression. Allison moved very slowly until Allison reached Lufkin, Texas. Allison moved very slowly back to the Gulf of Mexico. Allison did not reach the Gulf of Mexico until June 9. Dry air caused Allison to become a subtropical depression. On June 11 Allison made landfall in Louisiana without becoming a tropical depression or tropical storm. Clouds moved close to the center of Allison and Allison became a subtropical storm, while over Louisiana. Allison quickly weakened back to a subtropical depression. Allison moved northeast of the United States until June 15, where it moved very slowly over North Carolina and curved north. Allison finally reached the Atlantic on June 17. While Allison was south of Long Island, New York for just a little while it became a subtropical storm again. Also on June 17 Allison quickly started dying and Allison became extratropical. The remains completely died off near Newfoundland on June 20.

Aftermath
After the storm, President George W. Bush declared a total of 75 counties/parishes as disaster areas. Most damaged occurred in:

Texas, mostly eastern Texas
southern Louisiana
southern Mississippi
northwestern Florida
southeastern Pennsylvania as disaster areas.

Retirement

Because of the damage, the name "Allison" was retired, meaning it will never be used again for a storm in the Atlantic Ocean. Allison was replaced by Andrea in 2007. It was the first tropical storm in the history of Atlantic hurricanes to have its name retired and was the only tropical storm to have its name retired until Tropical Storm Erika in 2015.

References

Atlantic tropical storms
Retired tropical cyclone names
Hurricanes in the United States
2001 in the United States
2000s in Texas
2000s in Louisiana
Hurricane Iris was the third major hurricane of the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Iris was also the second storm of 2001 to strike Belize. Iris was a category 4 hurricane when it struck Belize, but damage was rather low. It is likely because Iris weakened very quickly over land. People were thinking that Iris would cross Central America without dying and would keep the name Iris. This did not happen, Iris weakened over land very fast and died. Iris did however reformed in the Pacific Ocean, it was given a new name, Manuel. Iris left $150 million in damage and killed 49 people.

Retirement

The name Iris was retired anyway. In 2007 the name Ingrid was used instead. 

Iris
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
Hurricane Michelle was one of only four category 4 hurricanes in November. Hurricane Michelle was also the strongest hurricane of 2001. The hurricane was likely the second strongest hurricane to strike Cuba. Michelle was at its top winds when it struck Cuba, but when it left Cuba it was only a category 1 hurricane. Michelle also struck Nicaragua as a depression and the Bahamas as a category 1 hurricane. Hurricane Michelle left $25 billion in damage and killed about 35 people.

Retirement

The name Michelle was retired Because of the damage it caused.  The name Melissa was first used in 2007, instead. 

2001 Atlantic hurricane season
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
2000s in Nicaragua
2000s in Honduras
2000s in Jamaica
History of the Cayman Islands
2000s in Cuba
2000s in the Bahamas
2000s in Florida
2001 in the United States
The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is a medium-sized cat native to Europe (Including Finland, Sweden, Norway) and Asia. It is one of the largest predators in Europe and Asia. It is the largest of the lynxes with a length of 80130 cm.

Appearance 
Eurasian lynx are the largest of the four lynx species. They are one of the largest predators in Europe, after brown bears and grey wolves.

They weigh from 18 to 36 kg and body length is 80 to 130 cm. Males are larger and more robust than females.

During summer, lynx have a short, reddish or brown coat, while in the winter the coat becomes a thicker and silkier fur, colored silver-gray to grayish brown.

Behavior 
Lynx are solitary creatures. The only long lasting relationship they form is between mother and cubs. They are most active during early morning and evening. Lynx are terrestrial mainly, but they are able and adapted to climb and swim.

Longevity 
Eurasian lynx can survive up to 17 years in the wild and about 24 years when captive. The juvenile rate of mortality is high.

Prey 
Lynx prey mostly on small to fairly large sized mammals and birds. Among  prey for the species are hares, rabbits, marmots, squirrels, dormice, other rodents, grouse, red foxes, wild boar, foxes, chamois, moose, roe deer, red deer, reindeer and other ungulates. It is a carnivore, consuming about one to two kg of meat every day.

Although taking on larger prey presents a risk to the animal, the bounty provided by killing them can outweigh the risks. The Eurasian lynx thus prefers fairly large ungulate prey, especially during winter when small prey is less abundant. They are the only Lynx species in which ungulates provide more of their diet than lagomorphs or rodents. Where common, roe deer are the preferred prey species for the lynx. Even where roe deer are quite uncommon, as in Sweden, the deer are still the favored prey species, though in summer smaller prey and occasional domestic sheep are eaten. In parts of Finland, introduced White-tailed deer are eaten mostly regularly. In some areas of Poland and Austria, red deer are the preferred prey and, in Switzerland, chamois are taken. They will also feed on carrion when it is available. Adult lynx require  of meat per day, and may take several days to fully consume some of their larger prey.

Distribution

Asia 
Found in the Chinese provinces and Northern Pakistan.

Russia 
Most Eurasian lynxes are in Russia.

Finland 
In 2008, there were about 1905–2060 lynxes in Finland.

Sweden 
In Sweden there are about 1,400.

Norway 
In Norway there are between 409 and 439.

References

Other websites 
 Eurasian Lynx Online Information System for Europe 
 About the Eurasian Lynx  from the Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan

Felines
Hassocks is a large village in West Sussex, England. 

It can be found about  north of Brighton, and nearly 7000 people live there. Hassocks has grown since the 19th century, when work started on the London to Brighton railway. 

The village became better known after 2 April 1839 when the first railway line was laid between London and Brighton. Over 6,000 workmen were hired for up to two years building, blasting and clearing rubble beneath the South Downs to create Clayton Tunnel. It is the second longest tunnel on the London to Brighton Line, some 1¼ miles long and  below ground. The opening of Hassocks Gate as the railway station in 1841 saw the beginning of the village that is known today.  In 1861 there was a collision between two trains, which killed 23 people and injured 176 others.

Recent history 
Today Hassocks has lots of shops and a well-used community centre called Adastra Hall.  It is quite expensive to buy a house in Hassocks, though it is not quite as expensive as neighbouring Ditchling and Hurstpierpoint.  These villages have many nice, older buildings whereas Hassocks village centre was mainly built after World War Two.

Railway station 
Hassocks railway station serves the village. There are regular train services to London and Brighton.

Education 
Hassocks Infant School is a maintained infant school for pupils aged 4 to 7. It currently caters for around 180 pupils. The school is centrally located in the village. 
2003 Ofsted report 
2007 Ofsted report

After leaving the Infant School children in the main go onto Windmills School in Dale Avenue which caters for years 3–6. 
Ofsted reports 

Secondary education for the village and surrounding areas is looked after by Downlands Community School.

Downlands Community School Sports Hall 
A new sports hall and AstroTurf football pitch have recently been constructed at Downlands Community School.

Oldland Mill 

There is a windmill being worked on by lots of local volunteers to try and get it back to working condition again as it was completely ruined. The windmill made flour for the first time in 100 years in October 2008.

Twin towns 
Hassocks's twin towns are:
  Montmirail - France.
  Wald-Michelbach - Germany.

References

Other websites 
 Hassocks Village information website 
 Hassocks Football Club
 Hassocks Parish Council
 Overview of Hassocks, Keymer and Ditchling 
 Hassocks Infant School
 Windmills School
 Downlands School
 Hassocks Ladies Football Club
 Clayton Tunnel Accident 

Towns in West Sussex
Ryang Yong-Gi (born 7 January 1982) is a North Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the North Korean national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="9"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||32||2||2||0||34||2
|-
|2005||39||6||1||0||40||6
|-
|2006||42||4||1||0||43||4
|-
|2007||48||8||1||0||49||8
|-
|2008||42||13||0||0||42||13
|-
|2009||51||14||4||1||55||15
|-
|2010||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||34||11||0||0||37||11
|-
|2011||34||4||1||0||38||4
|-
|2012||27||3||||||||
|-
254||47||9||1||263||48
203||33||5||0||208||33
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2008||2||0
|-
|2009||0||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

References

1982 births
Living people
North Korean footballers
People from Osaka
Slobodan Dubajić (born 19 February 1963) is a former Serbian football player. He has played for Serbia national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1982/83||rowspan="9"|Proleter Zrenjanin||||6||0||||||||||6||0
|-
|1983/84||||25||1||||||||||25||1
|-
|1984/85||||11||0||||||||||11||0
|-
|1985/86||||32||7||||||||||32||7
|-
|1986/87||||32||1||||||||||32||1
|-
|1987/88||||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1988/89||||35||5||||||||||35||5
|-
|1989/90||||35||3||||||||||35||3
|-
|1990/91||First League||34||2||||||||||34||2

|-
|1991/92||rowspan="5"|Stuttgart||rowspan="5"|Bundesliga||38||2||||||||||38||2
|-
|1992/93||32||4||||||||||32||4
|-
|1993/94||26||1||||||||||26||1
|-
|1994/95||20||0||||||||||20||0
|-
|1995/96||0||0||||||||||0||0

|-
|1996/97||Zeytinburnuspor||First League||4||0||||||||||4||0

|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Brummel Sendai||rowspan="2"|Football League||22||2||0||0||0||0||22||2
|-
|1998||25||10||4||2||3||0||32||12
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||30||1||2||2||2||0||34||3
|-
|2000||31||3||1||0||0||0||32||3
210||19||||||||||210||19
116||7||||||||||116||7
4||0||||||||||4||0
108||16||7||4||5||0||120||20
438||42||7||4||5||0||450||46
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1994||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

1963 births
Living people
Serbian footballers
Marcos Paulo Souza Ribeiro (born 21 March 1974) is a former Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="4"|Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||40||34||3||3||0||0||43||37
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||18||0||0||2||0||26||18
|-
|2003||3||3||0||0||3||1||6||4
|-
|2004||J. League 2||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
68||55||3||3||5||1||76||59
68||55||3||3||5||1||76||59
|}

References

1974 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Goce Sedloski (born 10 April 1974) is a Macedonian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Hajduk Split||rowspan="2"|Prva HNL||29||1||||||29||1
|-
|1997/98||14||1||||||14||1

|-
|1997/98||Sheffield Wednesday||Premier League||4||0||||||4||0

|-
|1998/99||Croatia Zagreb||Prva HNL||3||0||||||3||0
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="5"|Dinamo Zagreb||rowspan="5"|Prva HNL||10||1||||||10||1
|-
|2000/01||28||4||||||28||4
|-
|2001/02||25||3||||||25||3
|-
|2002/03||30||3||||||30||3
|-
|2003/04||30||11||||||30||11

|-
|2004||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||21||3||1||0||22||3

|-
|2004/05||Dinamo Zagreb||Prva HNL||12||1||||||12||1

|-
|2005/06||Diyarbakırspor||Süper Lig||27||3||||||27||3

|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Mattersburg||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||35||3||||||35||3
|-
|2007/08||35||4||||||35||4
|-
|2008/09||34||1||||||34||1
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||
181||25||||||181||25
4||0||||||4||0
21||3||1||0||22||3
27||3||||||27||3
104||8||||||104||8
337||39||1||0||338||39
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1996||7||0
|-
|1997||6||0
|-
|1998||5||0
|-
|1999||3||0
|-
|2000||7||0
|-
|2001||5||0
|-
|2002||7||1
|-
|2003||9||2
|-
|2004||9||1
|-
|2005||7||0
|-
|2006||8||1
|-
|2007||8||2
|-
|2008||7||0
|-
|2009||10||1
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||98||8
|}

References

1974 births
Living people
People from North Macedonia
European footballers
The Swahili Wikipedia is the Swahili language version of Wikipedia. It currently has 32,000+ articles in it. It is the 91th biggest Wikipedia. It is the first largest Wikipedia in Africa, followed by the Amharic Wikipedia.

References

Other websites 
 Main Page of the Swahili Wikipedia

Wikipedias
The Albigensian Crusade or Cathar Crusade (1209–1229) was a 20-year military campaign. Pope Innocent III started it to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc and make the Roman Catholic Church supreme there again. The nobles of the Kingdom of France did most of the fighting, and it resulted in a reduction in the number of practicing Cathars. It also resulted in a realignment of Occitania, bringing it into the sphere of the French crown.

References

Crusades
1209
1210s
1220s
13th century in Europe
History of France
Villefranche-de-Rouergue () is a commune in southern France in the Aveyron department, in the region of Occitanie. It is the sous-prefecture (capital) of the arrondissement of the same name in the Aveyron department.

History
In 1252, Alphonse de Poitiers, Count of Toulouse, sent Jean d'Arcis, Seneschal of Rouergue, to build a city along the Aveyron as a new capital for Rouergue (an old French province): Villefranche-de-Rouergue. From 1369 to the French Revolution, Villefranche-de-Rouergue was the capital of Rouergue.

Geography
Villefranche-de-Rouergue is in the valley of the Aveyron river along the line that separates the Causses (limestone plateaus) from the Ségala geographical region.

There are mines of copper, lead, tin, iron and silver.

The Alzou river joins in the city, as a right tributary, the Aveyron river.

Villefranche-de-Rouergue has an area of , and its average altitude in the city is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Villefranche-de-Rouergue is surrounded by the communes Saint-Rémy, Maleville, La Bastide-l'Évêque, Morlhon-le-Haut, Sanvensa, La Rouquette, Savignac and Toulonjac.

Climate
The climate of Villefranche-de-Rouergue, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Villefranche-de-Rouergue are known, in French, as Villefranchois (women: Villefranchoises).

With a population of 11,822, Villefranche-de-Rouergue has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Villefranche-de-Rouergue

Villefranche-de-Rouergue forms with Toulonjac the urban area of Villefranche-de-Rouergue with a population of 12,644 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Villefranche-de-Rouergue, formed by 16 communes with a population of 20,180 inhabitants and an area of .

Administration 
Villefranche-de-Rouergue is a subprefecture of the Aveyron department, the capital of the arrondissement of Villefranche-de-Rouergue and the administrative centre () of the canton of Villefranche-de-Rouergue, with 13,282 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Le Grand Villefranchois ().

Sister cities 
Villefranche-de-Rouergue is twinned with:
  Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  Pula, Croatia
  Sarzana, Italy

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Aveyron department
 Communes of the Aveyron department

Other websites

Mairie de Villefranche-de-Rouergue - Official website  
 Office de Tourisme de Villefranche-de-Rouergue 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Aveyron
A facade or façade () is usually one side of the outside of a building. It is very often the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear.  The word comes from the French language, literally meaning "frontage" or "face".

Architectural elements
A Daguerreotype is a method of creating photographs that is no longer in general use. A man called Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre invented the daguerreotype process in France in 1839. 

The new type of photography became very popular very quickly as it was capable of capturing a "truthful likeness." By 1850, there were over seventy daguerreotype studios in New York alone.

However the popularity of the daguerreotype was short lived as other cheaper processes were invented. By the late 1850s faster and less expensive processes such as the ambrotype, became available. A drawback of the Daguerreotype was that there was no negative from which to produce lots of images. Each picture was therefore unique, the only way to get a copy was to rephotograph the image.

The daguerreotype is a direct-positive process, creating a highly detailed image on a sheet of copper plated with a thin coat of silver without the use of a negative. The process required great care. The silver-plated copper plate had first to be cleaned and polished until the surface looked like a mirror. Next, the plate was sensitized in a closed box over iodine until it took on a yellow-rose appearance. The plate, held in a lightproof holder, was then transferred to the camera. After exposure to light, the plate was developed over hot mercury until an image appeared. To fix the image, the plate was immersed in a solution of sodium thiosulfate or salt and then toned with gold chloride.

References 

Photographic film formats
Cordes-sur-Ciel () is a commune of the Tarn département, in France.

The fortified town (bastide) was built in 1222 by the Count of Toulouse. It is now a popular tourist spot. Until recently the town's name was Cordes, a word thought to come from the Indo-European root "corte" meaning "rocky heights."

Communes in Tarn
A dowry (also known as trousseau or tocher) is the money, goods, or estate that is given to a woman at the time of her marriage. A dowry creates a fund for her support in case her husband dies. The dowry eventually goes to her sons and daughters of this marriage. At different times in history, a dowry was needed to prove that the marriage was real. Sometimes the woman controlled her dowry throughout her life. Other times, her husband took control of the dowry.

Dowry started as gifts that were handed out to the bride at the time of marriage to make her stay at in-laws place more comfortable. It has hence taken an ugly turn, many parts of India still have a high incidence of dowry demands.Many people still continue dowry system for their own uses . Some states with a very poor reputation with regards to dowry are - Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu. This is a sad reality in Indian marriages and has gone unchecked.

References

Marriage
Philip IV (April-June 1268 – November 29, 1314), called the Fair () was the son and successor of Philip III. He reigned as King of France from 1285 until his death. He was the husband of Joan I of Navarre

1268 births
1314 deaths
Kings and Queens of France
Domme () is a commune in the Dordogne department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.

The town is an example of the medieval fortified town known as a bastide. It was founded by Philip the Bold in 1281. Graffiti by Knights Templar imprisoned here following the dissolution of the order in 1307 may be observed on the tower gates.

Communes in Dordogne
The Love Dare is a non-fiction marriage-related book written by Alex and Stephen Kendrick. It is a 40-day Christian project that was created to make marriages stronger. Each day has scripture, a statement of principle, the day’s "dare," and a space to write notes. It is used in the storyline for the 2008 movie, Fireproof.

It has sold over one million copies, and has been on the New York Times Best Seller list, and 43rd on the USA Today best-seller list.

References

Other websites 
 The Love Dare Book – official book website

2008 books
Non-fiction books
Thammasat University (TU) is the second oldest university in Thailand. It was established on June 27, 1934. The university was initially named, by Dr. Pridi Banomyong, ‘Vichar Thammasat Lae Karn Muang’ – ‘The University of Moral Science and Politics’. At that time, there was only Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, so he thought that the university should have people who have knowledge of law, administration and social. It had started out as an open university, with 7,094 people for the first academic year. The main goal of the university’s foundation was "to teach students to love and cherish democracy". Only in the year 1952 was the name ‘Vichar Thammasat Lae Karn Muang’ changed to the present day ‘Thammasat University’.

References

Other websites 

 Thammasat University
 

Colleges and universities in Thailand
Bangkok
University
20th-century establishments in Thailand
Romaine or cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) is a type of lettuce. It is green in colour and its flavour is similar to other varieties of lettuce. It is one of the few types of lettuces that can be fed to iguanas.

Leaf vegetables
Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), also known as the purple mangosteen, is a tropical fruit which comes from the rainforests of South East Asia. It grows on evergreen trees. It is one of the most popular tropical fruits. It is popular because it has such a sweet, juicy, acidic taste. It has a hard purple shell. Inside the shell, there are white segments, just like an orange. It has to be grown in temperatures of above 4 °C (40 °F). If it is grown in temperatures below that, the plants die.

Tropical fruit
Oldland Mill is an 18th century windmill. It can be found in the village of Keymer, near Hassocks, West Sussex.

History
Oldland Mill was built somewhere around 1700, the earliest record of a windmill in the area dates from 1703. The mill was originally an open trestle mill, the roundhouse being added at a later date. Records show a mill stood in Keymer in 1755 and the mill was marked on a map dated 1783, but not shown on one dated 1795. The 1801 National Defence Schedule records the mill but the 1813 Ordnance Survey and Greenwood's 1829 map omit the mill. Records show that the mill was standing in 1828. Oldland Mill was working by wind until 1912. The mill began to fall into disrepair in the early part of the 20th century and continued to deteriorate.

The Sussex Archaeological Society acquired the mill in 1927 and repairs were carried out by E Hole and Sons  of Burgess Hill in 1934. In 1976, at the Annual General Meeting of the Hassocks Amenity Association, there was a talk was given on the work of Weald and Downland Open Air Museum. The question of how to preserve Oldland Mill was raised. The mill was then in the ownership of the Sussex Archaeological Society. The mill was looked at in 1977 by millwrights Vincent Pargeter and Edwin Hole and found to be close to collapse. Following negotiations with  the Sussex Archaeological Society in 1979 the Hassocks Amenity Association leased the mill in 1980 and began a period of volunteer led restoration.

Restoration

The first working party on 2 August 1980 cleared rubbish around the mill and made a temporary repair to the roof of the roundhouse. In 1981, the two remaining sails and stock were removed. The mill was restored over the next ten years, with much of the framing being replaced, including the trestle, crown tree, breast, tail and side frames. Since then the mill has benefited from a grant and substantial work has been completed. The mill was stripped to her bare essentials and many new parts completely and accurately built from scratch to replace rotten parts. The whole mill has been reclad and the four sails have been lifted into position. The mill ground its first batch of corn for many decades in October 2008. Today the mill is looked after by The Oldland Mill Trust, a registered charity.

References

Further reading
 Online version

Other websites
Oldland Mill website
Windmill World Page on Oldland mill.
Charity Commission

Energy
The rural district Görlitz is a district of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It was founded in August, 2008. It consists of the former rural districts Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis, Löbau-Zittau and the former urban district Görlitz.

Towns and municipalities 
{|
! align=left width=25%|Towns
! colspan=3 align=left width=75%|Municipalities
|- valign=top
|
Bad Muskau
Bernstadt auf dem Eigen
Ebersbach
Görlitz
Herrnhut
Löbau
Neugersdorf
Neusalza-Spremberg
Niesky
Ostritz
Reichenbach
Rothenburg
Seifhennersdorf
Weißwasser
Zittau
||
Beiersdorf
Berthelsdorf
Bertsdorf-Hörnitz
Boxberg
Dürrhennersdorf
Eibau
Gablenz
Groß Düben
Großhennersdorf
Großschönau
Großschweidnitz
Hähnichen
Hainewalde
Hohendubrau
Horka
||
 Jonsdorf
Kodersdorf
Königshain
Krauschwitz
Kreba-Neudorf
Lawalde
Leutersdorf
Markersdorf
Mittelherwigsdorf
Mücka
Neißeaue
Niedercunnersdorf
Obercunnersdorf
Oderwitz
Olbersdorf
||
 Oppach
Oybin
Quitzdorf am See
Rietschen
Rosenbach
Schleife
Schönau-Berzdorf
Schönbach
Schöpstal
Sohland am Rotstein
Strahwalde
Trebendorf
Vierkirchen
Waldhufen
Weißkeißel
|}

References

Other websites 
Official website
Massive Attack is a music group from Bristol, England. Massive Attack are considered to be one of the most influential bands of the electronica music genres. They are also seen as one of the founders of trip hop.

Albums
Blue Lines (1990)
Protection (1994)
Mezzanine (1998)
100th Window (2003)
Collected (2006)
Heligoland (2010)

References

1988 establishments in England
Bristol
English musical groups
 
Musical groups established in 1988
Trip hop groups
Santa Catalina Island, or just Catalina Island, is an island in California near Los Angeles. The main town is Avalon.

The island is 22 miles (35 km) long and eight miles (13 km) wide. The highest point on the island is Mt. Orizaba (2126 feet or 648 meters). In 2000, there were 3,696 persons living there. 

The first people who lived there were American Indians named "Tongva". In 1919, William Wrigley, Jr., who sold chewing gum, bought the island. When he died he gave it to a trust.

The island has many plants and animals that live nowhere else on Earth. According to the National Resources Defence Council, Avalon Beach is one of the dirtiest beaches in the United States.

Other websites

 Catalina Island Museum for Island History
 The Catalina Island Conservancy
 USC Wrigley Institute
 Santa Catalina Island Interpretive Center 
 Collectors of Catalina Island Pottery & Tile

Islands of the United States
Geography of Los Angeles
Landforms of California
The 1990 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1990, and lasted until November 30, 1990. However, storms can form outside these dates. For example, Tropical Depression One formed on May 25. This season was very active with two depressions, six tropical storms, seven hurricanes, and one major hurricane. At that time it was the most active hurricane season.

This season was less deadly and damaging than other seasons, with only 116 deaths, and $150 million. The few deaths and little bit of damage were due to the fact that most of the storms were relatively weak, and most of the storms stayed at sea.

Storms
Tropical Depression One 
Tropical Storm Arthur 
Hurricane Bertha 
Tropical Storm Cesar 
Hurricane Diana 
Tropical Storm Edouard 
Tropical Storm Fran 
Hurricane Gustav 
Tropical Storm Hortense 
Hurricane Isidore 
Tropical Depression Eleven 
Hurricane Josephine 
Hurricane Klaus 
Hurricane Lili 
Tropical Storm Marco 
Hurricane Nana

Storm names
These are the names that were set aside for 1990. The names that did not get used are marked in .

Retirement

In the spring of 1991, Hurricane Diana and Klaus had their names replaced by Dolly and Kyle in 1996.

Atlantic hurricane seasons
Atlantic hurricane season
Nymphaea is a genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae. There are about 50 species in the genus, which is widely distributed. The common name, shared with some other genera in the same family, is water-lily or waterlily.

Many species are cultivated as ornamental plants, and many cultivars have been bred.

Related pages 
Nymphaea alba - White water-rose (National flower of Kazakhstan)
Nymphaea amazonica - Victorian water-lily (National flower of Guyana)
Nymphaea lotus - White water-lily (National flower of Egypt)
Nymphaea nouchali
Nymphaea pubescens - Pink water-lily (National flower of Bangladesh)
Nymphaea stellata - Blue water-lily (National flower of Sri Lanka)

Nymphaeales
Atmospheric convection, like other convection, is caused by temperature differences. This may be because the atmosphere is unstable. When parts of the Earth's surface become warmer this can also cause convection. The first type (unstable state of atmosphere) can be called spontaneous. The second type (convection caused by unequal soaking) can be called contact convection. Spontaneous convection starts at any level. Contact convection starts near the terrain.

The most frequent is contact convection. The sun is shining on the surface. It gets warmer and warmer. This leads to vertical draft, that is spontaneous rising and downward motions.  This warm air has higher temperature than its neighborhood. Warmer air has lower density than cold air.  Warm air rises.  Through this rising motion the air element decelerates because of friction.  This trend stops when the temperature of this element is equal to the temperature of surrounding air. Next rising continues due to inertia

These thermal motions are used for example in gliding. The Thermal flow has enough energy to bring gliders to higher altitude.

Related pages 
 Convection

Atmosphere
is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Yomiuri||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1991/92||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="3"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||0||0||0||0
|-
|1993||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1994||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1995||Toshiba||Football League||17||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|-
|1996||rowspan="5"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="2"|Football League||27||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||30||1
|-
|1997||27||3||3||0||7||0||37||3
|-
|1998||J. League 1||18||1||3||0||4||0||25||1
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||30||0||3||0||2||0||35||0
|-
|2000||7||0||2||0||1||0||10||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||27||0||2||1||2||0||31||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||25||0||0||0||4||0||29||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||Omiya Ardija||J. League 2||22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2004||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
202||5||18||1||20||0||240||6
202||5||18||1||20||0||240||6
|}

References

1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Metamorphoses (Metamorphoseon libri, Books of Changes) is a work by Ovid. It was written about 1 AD to 8 AD. The work consists of 15 books of between 700 and 900 verses of hexameters. In it, Ovid describes the history of the world as it was seen by Roman and Greek mythology. 

Ovid selects those stories which happened often, a lower deity or a human is changed into an animal, a plant, or a star. The story starts with the beginning of the world, the flood. Only one couple survives the flood, Ducalion and Phyrrha. It ends with the change of the soul of Cesar into a star.

Other websites 

 Latin text with English translation
 Ovid Metamorphosen (Latin text, 2.300 illustrations)
 Ovid Illustrated: The Renaissance Reception of Ovid in Image and Text (An elaborate environment allowing simultaneous access to Latin text, English translations, commentary from multiple sources along with wood cut illustrations by Virgil Solis.)
 Metamorphoses in Latin edition and English translations (From Perseus with hyperlinked commentary, mythological, and grammatical references)
 Latin text
 University of Virginia: Metamorphoses
 The Latin Library: P. OVIDI NASONIS OPERA
 English translation
 By A. S. Kline, 2000
 Poetry in Translation: Ovid: Metamorphoses . (Enhanced viewer with links and notes. Can be downloaded in different formats.)
 Mythology: Metamorphoses   
 By Sir Samuel Garth, John Dryden et al., 1717
 Internet Classics Archive: Ovid's Metamorphoses
 Ovid's Metamorphoses 
 By Others:
 Elizabethan Authors: Ovid's Metamorphoses, trans. by Arthur Golding, 1567.
 Ovid's Metamorphoses trans. by George Sandys, 1632.
 Ovid's Metamorphoses trans. by Brooke Moore, 1922.
 TextKit: Ovid's Metamorphoses, Books I–IV, trans. Rev. Dr. Giles, a learning translation/crib in PDF graphic format.
 Insight and commentary
 The Ovid Project: Metamorphising the Metamorphoses (Illustrations by Johann Whilhelm Baur (1600–1640) and anonymous illustrations from George Sandys's edition of 1640.)
 A Honeycomb for Aphrodite by A. S. Kline
 Ovid's Metamorphoses, An introduction and commentary by Larry A. Brown. 
 An Analytical Onomasticon to the Metamorphoses of Ovid  (Concordance and narrative index.)
 Audio Readings
 Ovid ~ Metamorphoses ~ 08-2008 Selections from Metamorphoses, read in Latin and English by Rafi Metz. Approximately 4 1/2 hours.

Greek mythology
Roman mythology
The 1993 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1993, and lasted until November 30, 1993. Storms can form outside these dates. Tropical Depression One, for example, formed on May 31. This season had low activity with only 8 storms. Four became hurricanes and 1 became a major hurricane.

Storms

Tropical Depression One

Tropical Depression One started on May 31, the day before the hurricane season began. It made landfall in Cuba before it could become a tropical storm. One also crossed into the Bahamas before it died on June 2. This depression killed 7 people in Cuba.

Tropical Storm Arlene 

On June 18, a tropical wave became Tropical Depression Two. It got stronger and became a tropical storm and got the name Arlene. Arlene made landfall in Texas on the next day. Tropical Storm Arlene died on June 29, it was not too far inland. The storm killed 6 people and caused $55 million in damage.

Tropical Storm Bret

Tropical Storm Bret started on August 4 as Tropical Depression Three. It moved west becoming a tropical storm shortly later.

Other storms
Tropical Storm Cindy 
Tropical Storm Dennis 
Hurricane Emily 
Hurricane Floyd 
Hurricane Gert 
Hurricane Harvey 
Tropical Depression Ten

Retirement
No names retired in the Spring of 1994, meaing, all names were rused again in during the 1999.

1993
Atlantic hurricane season
A fullerene is any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs, and they resemble the balls used in association football. Cylindrical ones are called carbon nanotubes or buckytubes. They are usually made in the form of a hollow ball or tube. The fullerene was found in 1985 by Robert Curl, Harold Kroto and Richard Smalley at the University of Sussex and Rice University, and was named after Buckminster Fuller because his famous Geodesic domes are similar in shape.

Fullerenes are made by the heating of graphite in an electric arc in the presence of inert gases such as helium or argon.

Carbon
The Jesus and Mary Chain are an alternative rock band formed in East Kilbride, Scotland in 1984. The band is based on the songs written by brothers Jim and William Reid and has had nineteen different musicians over the years. They have created many albums, singles and EPs. The band began playing in 1984 and stopped in 1999. In 2007 the band reunited and began work on a new album with Scarlett Johannson.

History

Early years 
The Jesus and Mary Chain was based on the songwriting partnership of its two main members, Jim and William Reid, and bass guitar player Douglas Hart.
The bands first career song, "Upside Down", was sold in October 1984 by Creation Records. The melody and lyrics ("Inside I feel so bad/So low I feel so sad/Feels like I'm going mad/Best friend I've ever had.") are similar to 1960s 'wall of sound' pop music such as music by Brill Building and Phil Spector, but "Upside Down" is more noisy with very simple drums and one guitar playing high pitched feedback during most of the song.

The first drummer to play for the band was Murray Dalglish who was replaced by Bobby Gillespie (now a singer for Primal Scream). William Reid claimed that he had played the drums for the first song himself because of Dalglish's lack of ability. The single was given pleasing reviews by British music journalists, and the band was given fanatical support by the NME, it was their live shows that started most interest in The Jesus and Mary Chain.

Discography

Studio albums 
 Psychocandy (1985)
 Darklands (1987)
 Automatic (1989)
 Honey's Dead (1992)
 Stoned & Dethroned (1994)
 Munki (1998)

References

Other websites 

 Official website (offline)
 Official MySpace
 Discography at Discogs.com
 

British rock bands
South Lanarkshire
The 1989 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1989, and lasted until November 30, 1989. However storms can form outside these dates. For example, Tropical Storm Karen lasted until December 4. This season had average activity with 15 depressions, 3 became a tropical storm, 5 became a hurricane, and 2 became a major hurricane. 

This was a damaging season because this season featured the powerful Hurricane Hugo.

Storms
Tropical Depression One 
Tropical Storm Allison 
Tropical Storm Barry 
Hurricane Chantal 
Hurricane Dean 
Tropical Depression Six 
Hurricane Erin 
Hurricane Felix 
Tropical Depression Nine 
Hurricane Gabrielle 
Hurricane Hugo
Tropical Storm Iris 
Tropical Depression Thirteen 
Hurricane Jerry 
Tropical Storm Karen

Unused names

Retirement
In the spring of 1990, Hugo had its name replaced by Humberto in 1995.

1989
Atlantic hurricane season