cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The 1988 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1988 and ended on November 30, 1988. However tropical cyclone can form outside these dates for example, Tropical Depression One formed on May 30. This season was active with 19 depressions. This season was damaging and it featured the strongest storm known at the time, Hurricane Gilbert.

Storms
Tropical Depression One 
Tropical Storm Alberto 
Tropical Storm Beryl 
Tropical Depression Four 
Tropical Depression Five 
Tropical Depression Six 
Tropical Storm Chris 
Hurricane Debby 
Tropical Storm Ernesto 
Tropical Depression Ten 
Hurricane Florence 
Hurricane Gilbert 
Unnamed Tropical Storm 
Hurricane Helene 
Tropical Depression Fifteen 
Tropical Storm Isaac 
Hurricane Joan 
Tropical Depression Eighteen 
Tropical Storm Keith

Storm names
This list is the name that were set aside for the 1988 Atlantic hurricane season. The name lists repeat every six year and the only way the names are changed is if a name is retired. This list is the same as the list in 1982 because no names were retired in 1982.

Retired names
In the spring of 1989 Gilbert and Joan were replaced by Gorden and Joyce in 1994, however it 1994 Joyce was not used because of 1994's low activity.

1988
Atlantic hurricane season
Adrenomyeloneuropathy is an inherited disorder.  It does not happen very often.  It is rare.  It is a form of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Leukodystrophy causes a disruption to the myelin covering that protects nerves.

Other websites 
Canada Medical Journal

http://www.amnhelp.com/
United Leukodystrophy Foundation reference 

Genetic disorders
Wayne Gandy (born February 10, 1971 in Haines City,  Florida) is a former American football offensive tackle in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams 15th overall in the 1994 NFL Draft. He played college football at Auburn.

Gandy has also played for the Pittsburgh Steelers, New Orleans Saints and Atlanta Falcons. He also attended Haines City High School.

College career
He played college football at Auburn University, where he was a member of Auburn's undefeated (unbeaten) 1993 team.

Professional career

Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams
He was drafted (selected) as the 15th overall pick (1st round) of the 1994 NFL Draft by the L.A. Rams. Gandy spent five seasons with the Rams.

Pittsburgh Steelers
Gandy spent four seasons with the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1999 to 2002.

New Orleans Saints
On March 2 2003, Gandy signed a six-year deal with New Orleans Saints. After three seasons with the Saints, he was traded to the Atlanta Falcons on April 7, 2006 for safety Bryan Scott and a draft pick.

Atlanta Falcons
For the 2007 season, Gandy was named as one of the Falcons's team captains. On October 7, Gandy hurt his left knee while playing against the Tennessee Titans; he tore what is called an anterior cruciate ligament, which kept him from playing any more games for the rest of the season.

On February 15, 2008 the Falcons released him. He was re-signed on October 29 after an injury to offensive tackle Sam Baker but he was not resigned by the Falcons in the offseason.

References

1971 births
American football offensive tackles
Atlanta Falcons players
Living people
Los Angeles Rams players
New Orleans Saints players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
St. Louis Rams players
is an ancient Japanese martial art.

History 
The systems of unarmed combat which were developed and practiced during the Muromachi period known as .  For example, a samurai would defend himself with jujutsu if he was without his swords.

Related pages
 Sports in Japan
 Judo

References

Other websites

Martial arts
Sport in Japan
Robert Douglas Thomas Pattinson (born 13 May 1986) is an British actor, model, producer and musician. He is best known for playing vampire Edward Cullen in the movie Twilight, and Cedric Diggory in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Pattinson is set to play Batman in the crime-thriller movie The Batman (2022).

Pattinson was born in London, England. At the age of twelve he was excluded from school. His father enrolled him in a drama club, and Pattinson admitted that he joined the club because it was a chance to meet girls.

He has worked alongside Taylor Lautner, Kristen Stewart, Nikki Reed, Kellan Lutz, Jacson Rathbon and many other people while acting in the Twilight Saga. He has been a part of many movies, such as The Haunted Airman, Remember Me, Little Ashes, Twilight, New Moon, Eclipse, etc.

Awards

References

Other websites 

 
 

1986 births
Living people
Actors from London
Models from London
English movie actors
English musicians
English singers
English stage actors
English television actors
Albert II (French: Albert Félix Humbert Théodore Christian Eugène Marie, Dutch: Albert Felix Humbert Theodoor Christiaan Eugène Marie, German: Albert Felix Humbert Theodor Christian Eugen Maria) (born Stuyvenberg Castle, Brussels, 6 June 1934) was the King of the Belgians and a constitutional monarch. He is the younger son of King Leopold III (1901-1983) and his first wife, Princess Astrid of Sweden (1905-1935). On 21 July 2013, King Albert II abdicated and gave the throne to his son, Philippe of Belgium.

Marriage and family 
He married, in Brussels, on 2 July 1959, Princess Paola (born 1937).

He and the Queen have three children:
 Philippe Léopold Louis Marie (born 15 April 1960). He married, on 4 December 1999, Mathilde of Belgium
 Astrid Joséphine Charlotte Fabrizia Elisabeth Paola Marie (born 5 June 1962). She is the wife of His Imperial and Royal Highness Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Archduke of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia.
 Laurent Benoît Baudouin Marie (born 19 October 1963). He married Claire Coombs, on 12 April 2003.

Titles and styles

6 June 1934 – 7 June 1934: His Royal Highness Prince Albert of Belgium
7 June 1934 – 9 August 1993: His Royal Highness The Prince of Liège
9 August 1993 – 21 July 2013: His Majesty The King of the Belgians
21 July 2013 – present: His Majesty King Albert II of the Belgians

After his announced abdication on 21 July 2013 it was decided that he would be styled as His Majesty King Albert II. This is the same form of address given to his father, Leopold III, after his abdication.

References

Other websites 

 Royal House of Belgium 
 Princely House of Ruffo 
 Official Belgian monarchy web site 
 Belgium defends king against 'assault', BBC News
 The Royal Belgium Orders 

1934 births
Living people
Kings and Queens of Belgium
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights of the Order of St John
People from Brussels
Recipients of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
Ricardo Cavalcante Ribeiro (born 23 February 1977) is a Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||16||2||2||0||5||0||23||2
|-
|2000||rowspan="3"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||36||2||1||0||0||0||37||2
|-
|2001||33||1||3||0||1||0||37||1
|-
|2002||J. League 1||28||1||0||0||5||0||33||1
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 2||43||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||47||2
|-
|2004||J. League 1||26||0||1||0||5||0||32||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||40||7||1||0||colspan="2"|-||41||7
|-
|2006||J. League 1||10||0||0||0||4||0||14||0
232||15||12||0||20||0||264||15
232||15||12||0||20||0||264||15
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Livonir Ruschel (born 2 July, 1979) is a Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Kawasaki Frontale||Football League||15||10||3||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||18||14
|-
|1999||J. League 2||30||17||2||1||2||1||colspan="2"|-||34||19
|-
|2000||Tokyo||J. League 1||29||17||1||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||32||18
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||8||4||2||4||4||colspan="2"|-||32||14
|-
|2002||23||9||1||0||8||5||colspan="2"|-||32||14
|-
|2003||Shimizu S-Pulse||J. League 1||20||6||4||2||3||1||2||0||29||9
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Omiya Ardija||J. League 2||24||8||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||25||8
|-
|2005||J. League 1||25||7||1||0||7||1||colspan="2"|-||33||8

|-
|2006||Ponte Preta||Série A||31||11||||||||||||||31||11

|-
|2006/07||Beitar Jerusalem||Premier League||8||1||||||||||||||8||1

|-
|2007||São Caetano||Série B||16||5||||||||||||||16||5
|-
|2008||Sertãozinho||||||||||||||||||||||

|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||7||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||5
|-
|2009||15||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||3
212||90||17||9||26||13||2||0||267||112
47||16||||||||||||||47||16
8||1||||||||||||||8||1
267||107||17||9||26||13||2||0||312||129
|}

References 

1979 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Željko Petrović (born 13 November 1965) is a former Montenegrin football player. He has played for Yugoslavia national team and Serbia national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1987/88||rowspan="3"|Budućnost Titograd||rowspan="3"|First league||18||3||||||||||18||3
|-
|1988/89||21||3||||||||||21||3
|-
|1989/90||19||1||||||||||19||1
|-
|1990/91||Dinamo Zagreb||First league||31||1||||||||||31||1

|-
|1991/92||Sevilla||La Liga||11||1||||||||||11||1

|-
|1992/93||rowspan="2"|Den Bosch||Eredivisie||13||1||||||||||13||1
|-
|1993/94||Eerste Divisie||27||6||||||||||27||6
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="2"|RKC Waalwijk||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||30||4||||||||||30||4
|-
|1995/96||30||9||||||||||30||9
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||25||5||||||||||25||5
|-
|1997/98||10||1||||||||||10||1

|-
|1997||rowspan="4"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||2||1||0||0||2||1
|-
|1998||27||2||3||0||0||0||30||2
|-
|1999||19||1||0||0||4||0||23||1
|-
|2000||J. League 2||16||0||0||0||0||0||16||0

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|RKC Waalwijk||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||21||2||||||||||21||2
|-
|2001/02||23||0||||||||||23||0
|-
|2002/03||22||1||||||||||22||1
|-
|2003/04||31||1||||||||||31||1
89||8||||||||||89||8
11||1||||||||||11||1
232||30||||||||||232||30
62||3||5||1||4||0||71||4
394||42||5||1||4||0||403||43
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1990||1||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

|-
|1997||8||0
|-
|1998||8||0
|-
!Total||16||0
|}

References 

1965 births
Living people
Montenegrin footballers
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Mochizuki was born in Shizuoka on July 9, 1973. After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he joined Nagoya Grampus Eight with teammate Takayuki Nishigaya in 1996. The club won the 2nd place at 1996–97 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. In July 2000, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga with teammate Takashi Hirano. However the club was relegated to J2 League, he moved to Vissel Kobe in 2001. In 2003, he moved to JEF United Ichihara and in August, he moved to Vegalta Sendai on loan. He returned to JEF United Ichihara in 2004. However he was diagnosed as "Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head" (ja) in 2004. Although he also played for J2 League club Yokohama FC (2005–06), he could hardly play in the match. He retired in August 2006.

On June 15, 1997, Mochizuki debuted for the Japan national team against Turkey. he played at 1999 Copa América and 2000 Asian Cup. At Asian Cup, he played in 4 games and scored the winning goal in Final, against Saudi Arabia. Japan won the match (1–0) and won the champions second time. He played 15 games and scored 1 goal for Japan until 2001.

Statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="5"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="5"|J1 League||26||5||1||0||11||0||38||5
|-
|1997||17||3||1||1||10||3||28||7
|-
|1998||34||2||4||0||4||2||42||4
|-
|1999||29||6||5||1||6||1||40||8
|-
|2000||13||0||0||0||0||0||13||0
|-
|2000||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J1 League||9||0||1||0||2||0||12||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|J1 League||24||0||2||1||4||0||30||1
|-
|2002||25||1||1||0||6||0||32||1
|-
|2003||JEF United Ichihara||J1 League||7||0||0||0||3||0||10||0
|-
|2003||Vegalta Sendai||J1 League||14||1||0||0||0||0||14||1
|-
|2004||JEF United Ichihara||J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Yokohama FC||rowspan="2"|J2 League||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
200||18||15||3||46||6||261||27
200||18||15||3||46||6||261||27
|}

|-
|1997||2||0
|-
|1998||1||0
|-
|1999||2||0
|-
|2000||9||1
|-
|2001||1||0
|-
!Total||15||1
|}

References

Other websites

1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Nagoya Grampus players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Vissel Kobe players
JEF United Chiba players
Vegalta Sendai players
Yokohama FC players
2000 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Segunda División is a football league which is second division in Spain.

2020-21 clubs 
 Albacete
 Alcorcón
 Almería
 Cartagena
 Castellón
 Espanyol
 Fuenlabrada
 Girona
 Las Palmas
 Leganés
 Lugo
 Málaga
 Mallorca
 Mirandés
 Real Oviedo
 Rayo Vallecano
 Ponferradina
 Sabadell
 Sporting Gijón
 Tenerife
 UD Logroñés
 Real Zaragoza

Champions

Former champions

Related pages
 La Liga

Football leagues
1929 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Spain
Gianluca Vialli (born 9 July 1964) is an Italian football player turned manager. He played for Italy national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1980/81||rowspan="4"|Cremonese||Serie C1||2||0
|-
|1981/82||rowspan="3"|Serie B||31||5
|-
|1982/83||35||8
|-
|1983/84||37||10
|-
|1984/85||rowspan="8"|Sampdoria||rowspan="8"|Serie A||28||3
|-
|1985/86||28||6
|-
|1986/87||28||12
|-
|1987/88||30||10
|-
|1988/89||30||14
|-
|1989/90||22||10
|-
|1990/91||26||19
|-
|1991/92||31||11
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="4"|Juventus||rowspan="4"|Serie A||32||6
|-
|1993/94||10||4
|-
|1994/95||30||17
|-
|1995/96||30||11

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|Chelsea||rowspan="3"|Premier League||28||9
|-
|1997/98||21||11
|-
|1998/99||9||1
410||146
58||21
468||167
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1985||1||0
|-
|1986||10||0
|-
|1987||10||5
|-
|1988||11||5
|-
|1989||10||1
|-
|1990||3||0
|-
|1991||8||3
|-
|1992||6||2
|-
!Total||59||16
|}

References

1964 births
Living people
1986 FIFA World Cup players
1990 FIFA World Cup players
Italian footballers
Italian football managers
People from Cremona
Sportspeople from Lombardy
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="6"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||4||0||1||0||2||0||7||0
|-
|1997||19||5||1||0||8||1||28||6
|-
|1998||33||16||3||2||4||0||40||18
|-
|1999||24||10||4||2||3||1||31||13
|-
|2000||26||4||2||0||6||0||34||4
|-
|2001||8||2||0||0||3||0||11||2
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Tokyo||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||11||1||1||0||0||0||12||1
|-
|2002||21||2||0||0||7||3||28||5
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 1||10||0||1||0||0||0||11||0

|-
|2004||Guaraní||Primera División||36||10||||||||||36||10

|-
|2004/05||Pachuca||Primera División||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|2005/06||Irapuato||Primera División A||19||10||||||||||19||10

|-
|2005/06||Castellón||Segunda División||17||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||2
|-
|2006/07||Numancia Soria||Segunda División||39||10||1||0||colspan="2"|-||40||10
|-
|2007/08||Las Palmas||Segunda División||15||3||2||0||colspan="2"|-||17||3

|-
|2008/09||Ionikos||Beta Ethniki||24||9||||||||||24||9

|-
|2010||rowspan="3"|Ehime||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||||||||||||||||
|-
|2011|||||||||||||||||
|-
|2012|||||||||||||||||
156||40||13||4||33||5||202||49
36||10||||||||||36||10
19||10||||||||||19||10
71||15||3||0||colspan="2"|-||74||15
24||9||||||||||24||9
306||84||16||4||33||5||353||93
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Ehime Prefecture
Kim Eun-Jung (born 8 April 1979) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.  He was a member of the Korean national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1997||rowspan="7"|Daejeon Citizen||rowspan="7"|K-League||9||0||||||5||0||14||0
|-
|1998||13||0||||||16||6||29||6
|-
|1999||22||4||||||2||0||24||4
|-
|2000||17||4||||||3||1||20||5
|-
|2001||23||7||||||8||1||31||9
|-
|2002||19||3||||||8||4||27||7
|-
|2003||22||11||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||11

|-
|2003||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||10||2||1||0||0||0||11||2

|-
|2004||rowspan="5"|Seoul||rowspan="5"|K-League||24||8||0||0||5||0||29||8
|-
|2005||20||7||2||1||10||0||32||8
|-
|2006||25||9||3||1||12||5||40||15
|-
|2007||9||0||1||1||7||4||17||5
|-
|2008||15||4||1||0||6||1||22||5

|-
|2009||Changsha Ginde||Super League||28||8||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||8

|-
|2009||Jeju United||K-League||||||||||||||||
218||57||7||3||82||23||307||83
10||2||1||0||0||0||11||2
28||8||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||8
256||67||8||3||82||23||346||93
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1998||4||1
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||2||3
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||1||0
|-
|2004||6||1
|-
!Total||13||5
|}

References

1979 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
People from Seoul
Crewe is a railway town in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is in the borough of Cheshire East. 

In 2011, the Crewe built-up area, which also covers parts of the nearby civil parishes of Willaston and Wistaston, had a total population of 71,722. 

The town is known as a major railway junction and is famous for Crewe railway station and Crewe Works. Nearby to the railway station is Crewe Heritage Centre, which is home to many preserved trains, locomotives and other railway paraphernalia. It is also famous for car manufacturing. From 1946 until 2002, the town was home of Rolls-Royce motor car production. Pyms Lane factory, in the west of Crewe, now exclusively produces Bentley motor cars.

Crewe also has a professional football club, Crewe Alexandra, who currently compete in League Two. The club are nicknamed "The Railwaymen" in honour of the town's railway history.

Gallery

Other websites 

 Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council. 

Crewe
Cheshire
Towns in Cheshire
The National Football Conference (NFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL), the other being the American Football Conference. Every year, the winner of the NFC Championship Game receives the George Halas Trophy and gets to play against the winner of the AFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl.

Season schedule

Each NFC team plays the other teams in their division twice in the regular season.  They play the team once at home and once at the other team's stadium (an "away" game). Each team also plays 10 other games given to their schedule by the NFL in the April before. Two of these games are assigned on the basis of the teams' final record from the year before. The other 8 games are split between the roster of two other NFL divisions. This assignment shifts each year. For example, in the 2007 regular season, each team in the NFC West played one game against each team in both the AFC North and the NFC South. In this way division competition is the same opponents except for the 2 games given based on the strength of the each team's season record from the year before.

At the end of each season, a series of playoff games are played among the top six teams in the NFC.  These are the four division champions (by place standing) and the two other teams ("wild cards") with the best win-loss records. The NFC playoffs culminate in the NFC Championship Game for the George Halas Trophy.  In the NFC Championship game, The NFC team will get to beat the Green Bay Packers. The NFC Champion plays the AFC Champion in the Super Bowl. Unfortunately, the Dallas Cowgirls—sorry, Cowboys won’t be able to reach the Superbowl.

History
The NFC was made after the NFL merged with the American Football League (AFL) in 1970. While all of the former AFL teams along with the NFL's Cleveland Browns, Pittsburgh Steelers, and Baltimore Colts made up the American Football Conference (AFC), the other 13 NFL teams formed the NFC.

However, team owners could not agree to a plan on how to put the teams into divisions in the NFC. The proposals were narrowed down to five finalists. Then the plan that was selected was picked out of a glass bowl by then-NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle's secretary.

Since the merger, three expansion teams have joined the NFC.  This makes the current total number of teams 16. When the Seattle Seahawks and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers joined the league in 1976, they were temporarily placed in the NFC and AFC, respectively, for one season before they switched conferences. The Seahawks returned to the NFC as a result of the 2002 realignment. The Carolina Panthers joined the NFC in 1995.

References

National Football League
The Dalmatian (Croatian: Dalmatinac) is a breed of dog. It is named after the Adriatic coast of Dalmatia, in Croatia, its first home. The origins of the breed are unknown. The Dalmatian has been used for a war dog, fire department mascot, and shepherd. It is best known, however, as a coach or carriage dog, being a guard for horse-pulled vehicles.  Also, the Dalmatian was used for being a circus performer, vermin hunter, fire-apparatus follower, hound dog, and as a guard dog.

Origin 
There are lots of arguments about the origin of this dog. Spotted dogs are known very much in the history of Africa, Europe, and Asia. Spotted dogs are also thought to have lived in Egypt. In 1700, a dog known as the Bengal pointer, which looked a bit like the Dalmatian, was popular in England. Some think the Dalmatian is from Croatia, and is a Croatian breed. In the Middle Ages, it was used as a hound dog for hunting. The breed became popular as a carriage dog in the 1800s. They walked among the horses and carriages, following their masters, and guarding the carriages and horses while the master was busy with other things.

Description 

The Dalmatian is a medium , strong dog. Its skull is flat on the top. The muzzle is almost the same length as the top of the skull. Its nose can be either black, brown (liver), blue, or a dark gray that looks like black. Its round eyes are either brown or blue, or sometimes both put together.

Its toenails are white or black in dogs with a black spotted coat and brown or white in those with liver colored spots. Puppies are usually born completely white and the spots develop a few weeks after they are born.

The Dalmatian stands .

Around 8% of Dalmatians are born deaf and some can become partially deaf after a while making them expensive to treat.

Characteristics 
Dalmatians are known as the "clowns" in the dog world. They are also loyal to their owners and caretakers. Dalmatians are medium sized dogs, and they are very active and lively. They are brave and smart, and their senses are very bright. This makes them a good choice to become a companion dog.

References
Extinct in the Wild (EW) is a conservation status given to a species, a group of plants or animals, when the only known living members are being kept in captivity (kept in a zoo or aquarium, or planted in pots), or they are no longer living in their normal habitat.

Species examples 
Examples of such animals include:

Abingdon Island Tortoise
Red-tailed Black Shark
Père David's Deer
Barbary Lion (extinct in the wild since 1922)
Wyoming Toad (extinct in the wild since 1991)
Hawaiian Crow (extinct in the wild since 2002)
Alagoas Curassow (extinct in the wild since 1987 or 1988)
Socorro Dove (extinct in the wild since 1972)
Guam Rail (extinct in the wild since 1980)
Black Soft-shell Turtle
Butterfly Goodeid
Guam kingfisher
Kihansi spray toad
Northern White Rhinoceros
Partula
Scimitar Oryx
Spix's Macaw

Reintroduction 
Reintroduction is the release of species back into the wild. They come from captivity or moved from other areas where the species survives. It usually involves species that are endangered or extinct in the wild.

It is very hard to reintroduce EW species into the wild, even if their natural habitats were fixed. The main reason may be that the survival skills, which are passed from parents to offspring during parenting, are lost. In other words, the genetics of the species are saved, but the natural skills of the species are lost.

 
Extinction
The Roscoe Wind Farm in Roscoe, Texas, is the world's largest wind farm (as of October 2009) with 627 wind turbines and a total installed capacity of 781.5 MW, which surpasses the nearby 735.5 MW Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center. The project cost more than $1 billion and provides enough power for more than 250,000 average Texan homes. It is located about 200 miles (320 kilometers) west of Fort Worth. The wind farm area spans parts of four Texas counties and covers nearly 100,000 acres, several times the size of Manhattan.

Unlike fossil-fueled power plants, wind farms require no water and generate no carbon dioxide -- a heat-trapping greenhouse gas that is a major contributory component for global warming.

Related pages
Wind power in Texas

References

Wind farms in Texas
Overweight is the condition of a person when they have more fat in their body than is healthy.

Overweight means the person's body is too heavy. To find out if a person is overweight, you can calculate their body mass index. People with a BMI of 25 or more are overweight. Anything above 30 is obese (very overweight). Overweight used to be a BMI of 27 or more. In 1998 this changed.

Being overweight is associated with health problems such as Type 2 diabetes. Obesity is associated with greater health problems than overweight. In 2006  Adams et al. estimated that the risk of death increases by 20 to 40 percent among overweight people. Some people think that being overweight is not as unhealthy as is commonly thought. A 2013 review of 97 Pubmed articles with a sample size of 2.88 million found that overweight is associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality (death) than 'normal' weight. Body fat contains energy that the body can use to heal when it is sick.  
51.3% of overweight adults are metabolically healthy. Metabolically healthy overweight women are no more likely to die or have a heart attack or stroke than metabolically healthy normal weight women.

Doctors often tell overweight people that losing weight would be good for their health. People usually try to lose weight by eating less. This is called 'dieting'. They may exercise too.
Dieting is often ineffective. 41% of dieters weigh more four to five years after the end of the diet than before it began.

Some people might use herbal teas, powders and pills to help to lower their mass.

Animals can also be overweight.

Overweight is not just associated with bad health. People think that being overweight means that a person is lazy or bad. Overweight people are often treated badly by other people for because of this. This is called fatphobia.

More than 1.4 billion adults are overweight in the world. The amount of overweight people is increasing.

Notes

Obesity
Crying is when tears come out of a person's eyes because of their emotions, such as when they are sad, angry, or very happy.

Animals cannot cry. However, animals can release tears for other reasons, such as intense pain.

When over 300 adults were asked how often they cried, they found out that men usually cry once every month, and women cry five or more times per month.

References 

Physiology
Ichizo Nakata (born 19 April 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1992||rowspan="4"|Yokohama Flügels||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||0||0||||||0||0
|-
|1993||5||0||1||0||3||0||9||0
|-
|1994||14||0||0||0||0||0||14||0
|-
|1995||8||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||0||2||0||11||0||37||0
|-
|1997||10||0||0||0||5||0||15||0
|-
|1998||Oita Trinity||Football League||23||1||0||0||0||0||23||1
|-
|1998||rowspan="3"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||5||0||0||0||0||0||5||0
|-
|1999||21||0||1||0||2||0||24||0
|-
|2000||26||1||0||0||4||0||30||1
|-
|2001||Oita Trinita||J. League 2||18||1||1||0||2||0||21||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||6||0||0||0||2||0||8||0
|-
|2004||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
165||3||5||0||29||0||19||3
165||3||5||0||29||0||19||3
|}

References

1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Mie Prefecture
Fabiano Cezar Viegas (born 4 August 1975) is a Brazilian football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1994||rowspan="5"|Flamengo||rowspan="5"|Série A||6||0||||||||||6||0
|-
|1995||11||0||||||||||11||0
|-
|1996||16||0||||||||||16||0
|-
|1997||18||0||||||||||18||0
|-
|1998||7||1||||||||||7||1
|-
|1999||Atlético Paranaense||Série A||18||1||||||||||18||1

|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||28||2||4||0||6||0||38||2
|-
|2001||19||0||2||0||3||0||24||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||19||0||2||0||7||0||28||0
|-
|2003||23||1||0||0||4||0||27||1

|-
|2004||Atlético Paranaense||Série A||35||0||||||||||35||0
|-
|2005||Flamengo||Série A||17||0||||||||||17||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Goiás||rowspan="2"|Série A||14||1||||||||||14||1
|-
|2007||1||0||||||||||1||0
143||3||||||||||143||3
89||3||8||0||20||0||117||3
232||6||8||0||20||0||260||6

1975 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Txiki Begiristain (born 12 August 1964) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1982/83||rowspan="6"|Real Sociedad||rowspan="6"|La Liga||16||0||||||||||16||0
|-
|1983/84||33||3||||||||||33||3
|-
|1984/85||31||5||||||||||31||5
|-
|1985/86||29||1||||||||||29||1
|-
|1986/87||42||9||||||||||42||9
|-
|1987/88||36||5||||||||||36||5
|-
|1988/89||rowspan="7"|Barcelona||rowspan="7"|La Liga||38||12||||||||||38||12
|-
|1989/90||37||10||||||||||37||10
|-
|1990/91||33||6||||||||||33||6
|-
|1991/92||34||7||||||||||34||7
|-
|1992/93||27||15||||||||||27||15
|-
|1993/94||20||7||||||||||20||7
|-
|1994/95||24||6||||||||||24||6
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Deportivo La Coruña||rowspan="2"|La Liga||33||2||||||||||33||2
|-
|1996/97||10||2||||||||||10||2

|-
|1997||rowspan="3"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||15||4||2||0||2||0||19||4
|-
|1998||30||9||3||0||4||2||37||11
|-
|1999||16||3||0||0||4||1||20||4
453||100||||||||||453||100
61||16||5||0||10||3||76||19
514||116||5||0||10||3||529||119
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1988||6||0
|-
|1989||2||1
|-
|1990||1||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
|1992||3||3
|-
|1993||4||1
|-
|1994||5||1
|-
!Total||22||6
|}

References 

1964 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
Yasutaka Kobayashi (born 15 June 1980) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Fukushima United.

Club career statistics

|-
|1999||Kashima Antlers||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2000||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||37||6||0||0||2||0||39||6
|-
|2001||Kashima Antlers||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Kawasaki Frontale||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||6||2||4||2||colspan="2"|-||10||4
|-
|2003||10||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
|-
|2004||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||40||9||0||0||colspan="2"|-||40||9
|-
|2005||rowspan="3"|Tokushima Vortis||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||38||11||2||2||colspan="2"|-||40||13
|-
|2006||35||8||2||1||colspan="2"|-||37||9
|-
|2007||38||1||2||1||colspan="2"|-||40||2
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Fagiano Okayama||Football League||31||19||0||0||colspan="2"|-||31||19
|-
|2009||J. League 2||7||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2009||Fukushima United||Regional Leagues||||||||||||||||
243||57||14||6||2||0||259||63
243||57||14||6||2||0||259||63
|}

References

1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture
Fukushima United FC players
is a former Japanese football player.

Biography
Taguchi was born in Saitama on September 14, 1965. After graduating from University of Tsukuba, he joined Japan Soccer League club All Nippon Airways (later Yokohama Flügels) in 1989. He became a regular player as center back from first season. However he was suspended for seven months from October 1991 due to violence against referee. In 1993, he moved to Sanfrecce Hiroshima. However he could not become regular player due to injury before opening season. In 1994, he moved to his local club Urawa Reds and became a regular player. However he was suspended for four months from September 1995 due to violence against supporter after a match. From 1997, he could hardly play in the match in two seasons for injury. Although he came back on October 3, 1998, he receiving a red card. This match became his last match. He retired end of 1998 season.

In 1988, when Taguchi was a University of Tsukuba student, he was selected the Japan national "B team" for 1988 Asian Cup. At this competition, he played 3 games. However, Japan Football Association don't count as Japan national team match because this Japan team was "B team" not "top team".

After retirement, Taguchi became a manager for Nadeshiko League club Urawa Reinas (later Saitama Reinas) in 2001. In 2004, the club won the champions Nadeshiko League and the 2nd place Empress's Cup. He resigned end of 2004 season.

Statistics

|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|All Nippon Airways||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1||20||1||4||0||3||0||27||1
|-
|1990/91||18||1||2||1||4||0||24||1
|-
|1991/92||5||0||0||0||1||0||6||0
|-
|1992||Yokohama Flügels||J1 League||colspan="2"|-||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|1993||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J1 League||6||0||0||0||0||0||6||0
|-
|1994||rowspan="5"|Urawa Reds||rowspan="5"|J1 League||29||1||2||0||2||0||33||1
|-
|1995||36||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||4
|-
|1996||24||1||4||1||13||1||41||3
|-
|1997||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1998||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
139||8||13||2||23||1||175||11
139||8||13||2||23||1||175||11
|}

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
Footballers from Saitama Prefecture
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama Flügels players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
1988 AFC Asian Cup players
Graeme Souness (born 6 May 1953) is a former Scottish football player. He has played for Scotland national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1971/72||Tottenham Hotspur||First Division||0||0

|-
|1972||Montreal Olympique||NASL||10||2

|-
|1972/73||rowspan="6"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="2"|Second Division||9||0
|-
|1973/74||35||7
|-
|1974/75||rowspan="4"|First Division||38||7
|-
|1975/76||35||3
|-
|1976/77||38||2
|-
|1977/78||19||3
|-
|1977/78||rowspan="7"|Liverpool||rowspan="7"|First Division||15||2
|-
|1978/79||41||8
|-
|1979/80||41||1
|-
|1980/81||37||6
|-
|1981/82||35||5
|-
|1982/83||41||9
|-
|1983/84||37||7

|-
|1984/85||rowspan="2"|Sampdoria||rowspan="2"|Serie A||28||5
|-
|1985/86||28||3

|-
|1986/87||rowspan="4"|Rangers||rowspan="4"|Premier Division||25||1
|-
|1987/88||18||2
|-
|1988/89||6||0
|-
|1989/90||1||0
421||60
10||2
56||8
50||3
537||73
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1974||2||0
|-
|1975||1||0
|-
|1976||0||0
|-
|1977||0||0
|-
|1978||6||0
|-
|1979||6||0
|-
|1980||3||0
|-
|1981||4||0
|-
|1982||9||1
|-
|1983||8||1
|-
|1984||4||1
|-
|1985||7||0
|-
|1986||4||1
|-
!Total||54||4
|}

References

1953 births
Living people
Scottish footballers
Scottish football managers
Galatasaray S.K. (football) managers
Orthodox Judaism is the more traditional form of nowadays Judaism. It holds that both the scripture of the Torah and mouth-to-mouth traditions later written down in the Talmud etc., were actually and literally given by God, and that past rabbis handed them over without change and were always faithful in deciding how they applied to reality. Because of this, Orthodox Judaism is very careful in holding to the tradition of past rabbis, and is very conservative on how current rabbis may decide what the law is in new cases. Orthodox Jews consider themselves as the only truly faithful Jews and reject all the new non-Orthodox forms of Jewish thought, religious or secular, that came to be in the last 250 years (since the Jewish community lost its powers to enforce people, and Jews began to be citizens of the modern state). Even so, they are a product of new times just like everyone else: Their community organizations were created so they could separate from other Jews because those stopped being religious. The Orthodox also had to make very new ways of thinking and acting to deal with the big changes.   

As of 2001, Orthodox Jews and Jews affiliated with an Orthodox synagogue, accounted for approximately 50% of Anglo Jewry (150,000), 25% of Israeli Jewry (1,500,000) and 13% of American Jewry (529,000). (Among those affiliated to a synagogue body, Orthodox Jews represent 70% of British Jewry and 27% of American Jewry).

Its followers must usually promise the following:
Not to commit murder, idolatry (worship of idols)
Not to engage in certain sexual practices prohibited by the bible
Observe the shabbat. Jews must not work on a shabbat.
Eat only certain things. These dietary laws are known as Kashrut.
 Taharat Hamishpacha, the laws of family purity, restricting sexual relations for a prescribed time around menstruation and after childbirth.
 Circumcision for males.

References

Other websites 

 Your Complete Guide to Brochos
 Origins of Orthodox Judaism
 The different Orthodox Jewish groups 
 The State of Orthodox Judaism Today
 Orthodox Judaism in Israel
 Orthodox Jewish population growth and political changes 
 Information on Orthodox Jewish culture

Jewish denominations
Seeheim-Jugenheim is a municipality in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in Hesse, Germany.  It has a population of approximately 17,000.

Seeheim-Jugenheim consists of seven villages:

Balkhausen (population 693)
Jugenheim (population 4,448)
Malchen (population 1,004)
Ober-Beerbach (population 1,269)
Seeheim (population 9,060)
Steigerts (population 81)
Stettbach (population 144)

The municipality was formed on January 1, 1977.  Before there had been the two municipalities of Seeheim and Jugenheim.  Until January 1, 1978 the municipality was known as Seeheim; after that it became known as Seeheim-Jugenheim.

It is famous for its mountain bike trails to the nearby mountain Melibokus.

Seeheim-Jugenheim has been home to several famous residents, including Tsar Nicholas II of Russia as well as writers Georg Kaiser and Helene Christaller.

Industrial and commercial activity in Seeheim-Jugenheim is close to nonexistent; thus, most of its residents work in the nearby cities of Darmstadt, Frankfurt or Heidelberg.

Other websites 
 www.seeheim-jugenheim.de

Municipalities in Hesse
2000 AD is a British science fiction comic that was started in 1977 and is still running as of 2009. Its most famous character is Judge Dredd.

Comic books
Island of the Blue Dolphins is an American book written for children by  Scott O'Dell. It came out in 1960 and that same year won the Newbery Medal (a prize given to books for children). It is based on the true story of Juana Maria, the "Lone Woman of San Nicolas", a Native American woman left alone for 18 years on San Nicolas Island off the California coast before being rescued in 1853. It has been rewritten in 23 languages and was made into a movie by the same name.

O'Dell wrote a sequel to the story called Zia.

Other websites

1960 books
Children's books
Newbery Medal winning books
English-language novels
20th-century American novels
San Nicolas Island is the  farthest from shore of California's Channel Islands. It is part of Ventura County. The 14,562 acre (58.93 km² or 22.753 sq mi) island is used by the United States Navy for a weapons testing and training. The only people who live on the island are about 200 people with the military. The island has a small airport and a big billboard.

History
San Nicolas was once the home of the Nicoleño people, who were probably related to the Tongva of the mainland and Santa Catalina Island. It was named for Saint Nicholas by Spanish sailor Sebastián Vizcaíno after he saw the island on the saint's feast day (December 6) in 1602. Vizcaíno reported that there were a lot of people living on the island. By 1800 the number of people on the island had gone down. In 1811 a group of Kodiak men from Alaska were put on to San Nicholas to hunt otters. They fought with the Nicoleños. When the Kodiaks left there were less than 100 of the original population left. By 1835 the population was about 12. The Nicoleños were taken off the island in the 1835 by the members of the California mission system. Within a few years of leaving the island the Nicoleño all died.

Lone Woman of San Nicolas Island
The most famous person from San Nicolas Island was the "Lone Woman of San Nicolas Island". She was left on the island in 1835 when the rest of the Nicoleños were moved to the missions. She lived on the island alone for 18 years before she was found and brought back to Santa Barbara in 1853. By this time there was no-one left who could speak her language. Her real name was never known, but as she was dying she was named Juana Maria.  She died from dysentery seven weeks later. Her story was used for Scott O'Dell's award winning 1961 novel Island of the Blue Dolphins.  Today, a commemorative plaque about her life has been placed on the back of the east bell tower at Mission Santa Barbara. In 2012 scientists rediscovered a buried cave on the island where they believe the woman lived.

Rocket experiments
From 1957 and 1973, and in 2004, U.S. rockets were launched from San Nicolas Island.

Plants and animals
There are few kinds of plants and animals on San Nicolas Island. Sheep ate many of the plants before they were taken away in 1943. Even so, there are several plants that can only be found on the island. Three kinds of animals are there and nowhere else: deer mouse, island fox, and island night lizard. The island also has many birds.

References

GlobalSecurity.org: San Nicolas Island
Naval Auxiliary Air Station, San Nicolas Island
Photo of Juana Maria's Whalebone Hut 

Landforms of California
Islands of the United States
In Greek mythology, Anchises was a son of Capys and Themiste (daughter of Ilus, son of Tros) or Hieromneme, a naiad. He is famous because he was mortal and a lover of the goddess Aphrodite (and in Roman mythology, the lover of Venus).  He was also the father of Aeneas, who is the hero of "The Aeneid."
Anchises, in Greek legend, member of the junior branch of the royal family of Troy: While he was tending his sheep on Mount Ida, the goddess Aphrodite met him and, enamoured of his beauty, bore him Aeneas. For revealing the name of the child’s mother, Anchises was killed or struck blind by lightning. 

Anchises was the son of Capys and Themiste in Greek mythology, father of Aeneas. He was better known as a lover of the goddess Aphrodite, who appeared in front of him disguised as a Phrygian princess. She then seduced him into lovemaking for two weeks. Aphrodite became pregnant with Aeneas, and she appeared in front of Anchises with the newborn, revealing her true identity. She then told him not to boast of their affair to anyone; he did not listen to her, and Zeus hurled a thunderbolt against him, either scorching him or crippling him. He later married Eriopis, with whom he had at least one daughter, Hippodameia. During Troy's fall at the end of the Trojan War, his son Aeneas helped him escape as he was no longer able to walk after Zeus' punishment.

In later legend and in Virgil’s Aeneid, he was conveyed out of Troy on the shoulders of his son Aeneas, whose descendants founded Rome, and he died in Sicily.

People in Greek mythology
The Erie Canal is a canal in New York State. It runs for 365 miles from the Hudson River to Lake Erie. It connects the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.  The State authorized it in 1808, and it was built between 1818 and 1825.  It was the first route between the eastern coast of the United States and the Great Lakes. The Canal caused a burst of population in western New York. It also helped New York City become a large port. Today, the Canal is part of the New York State Canal System.

Other websites
"The Erie Canal"

Transport in New York
Great Lakes
Canals
The coconut crab (Birgus latro) is a large edible land crab related to the hermit crab. Coconut crabs are found in the tropical parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Although they are named the Coconut crab, they don't eat coconuts that often. They mainly eat certain fruits and nuts. Coconut crabs can climb trees. Coconut crab meat has been considered a local delicacy. Coconut crabs are extremely high priced in the national food market. They can live up to 120 years.

Description 
The coconut crab is the largest terrestrial arthropod, and indeed terrestrial invertebrate, in the world. There are different reports on its size:  most sources give a body length up to , a weight up to , and a leg span more than . Males are generally larger than females. The carapace may reach a length of , and a width up to .

Like with other decapots, the body of the coconut crab is divided into a front section (cephalothorax), which has 10 legs, and an abdomen. The front-most pair of legs has large chelae (claws);  the left claw is larger than the right. The next two pairs, as with other hermit crabs, are large, powerful walking legs with pointed tips. This  allows coconut crabs to climb vertical or overhanging surfaces. The fourth pair of legs is smaller with tweezer-like chelae at the end:  young coconut crabs use it to grip the inside of a shell or coconut husk to carry for protection, adults use this pair for walking and climbing. The last pair of legs is very small and is used by females to tend their eggs, and by the males in mating. This last pair of legs is usually held inside the carapace, in the cavity containing the breathing organs. Some difference in color occurs between the animals found on different islands, ranging from orange-red to purplish blue; in most regions, blue is the predominant color, but in some places, including the Seychelles, most individuals are red.

Although B. latro is a derived type of hermit crab, only the juveniles use salvaged snail shells to protect their soft abdomens, and adolescents sometimes use broken coconut shells for that purpose. Unlike other hermit crabs, the adult coconut crabs do not carry shells, but instead harden their abdominal terga by depositing chitin and chalk. Not being constrained by the physical confines of living in a shell allows this species to grow much larger than other hermit crabs in the family Coenobitidae. Like most true crabs, Blatro bends its tail underneath its body for protection. The hardened abdomen protects the coconut crab and reduces water loss on land, but must be shedded yearly. Adults moult annually, and dig a burrow up to  long in which to hide while vulnerable. It remains in the burrow for 3 to 16 weeks, depending on the size of the animal. After shedding, 1 to 3 weeks are needed for the exoskeleton to harden, depending on the animal's size, during which time the animal's body is soft and vulnerable, and it stays hidden for protection.

References 

Crabs
Seafood
Plant sap, or just sap, is fluid transported in xylem tubes or phloem cells of a plant. Xylem cells transport water and inorganic nutrients through the plant; phloem cells transport sugary fluids and other biological molecules.

Latex or resin is not plant sap. They are separately produced, with different components and functions.

Types of plant sap

Xylem sap
Xylem sap is mainly water, with plant hormones, mineral elements and other nutrients in a dilute solution. Sap in xylem moves from roots towards the leaves.

Phloem sap

Phloem sap is water, with  manufactured sugars, other biological molecules and mineral elements dissolved in it. It flows from where carbohydrates are produced or stored to where they are used.

A large number of animals, all of the single insect order Hemiptera, feed directly on phloem sap, and make it the primary component of their diet. Phloem sap is "nutrient-rich compared with many other plant products and generally lacking in toxins and feeding deterrents, [but] it is consumed as the sole diet by a very restricted range of animals". Phloem sap is physiologically extreme in terms of animal digestion: it is thought that few animals take direct advantage of this because they lack adaptations to this diet.

Many more consume phloem sap by proxy, feeding on the honeydew (a sweet secretion) of phloem-feeding hemipterans. Honeydew is physiologically less extreme than phloem sap. Others feed on the biomass of insects which have grown on direct ingestion of phloem sap.

Many products are made from plant sap. One of them is maple syrup. Maple syrup is made using sap from sugar maple trees.

Sap colour is different for different plants. 
e.g.:
 Banana – colorless
 members of Myristicaceae – red
 members of Anacardiaceae – black
 members of  Gluciaceae – yellow
 Symphonia globilifera – green

References 

Plant physiology