cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Var () is a river in southeastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône river.It gave its name to the French department of Var. It is a unique case in France of a river not flowing in the department named after it (see Var)

Geography
The Var river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Nice (Pont Napoléon III) in the Alpes-Maritimes department.

Course

The source of the Var is in the small town of Estenc, in the commune of Entraunes, at an altitude of about , to the south of the Col de la Cayolle, a mountain pass  high, in the Alpes-Maritimes department. From here, the Var flows, in general, to the southeast.

The Var flows through the Alpes-Maritimes department for most of its length; it flows through the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department for a short distance, about .

The Var river flows through 1 region (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur),  2 departments and 31 communes. It flows through the following communes, among others:
Alpes-Maritimes: Guillaumes
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: Entrevaux
Alpes-Maritimes: Puget-Théniers, Carros, Saint-Laurent-du-Var

Finally, it flows into the Mediterranean Sea between Nice and Saint-Laurent-du-Var.

Main tributaries
The five main tributaries of the Var river are:

Left tributaries:
 Cians - 25 km
 Tinée - 75 km
 Vésubie - 48 km

Right tributaries:
 Coulomp - 20 km
 Estéron - 66.7 km

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

References

Rivers of France
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Beverly Tyler (July 5, 1927 – November 23, 2005) was a US-American singer and actress in American film and television from the 1940s into the 1960s. Life 
Born Beverly Jean Saul in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the daughter of a secretary, she was just a teenage girl when she had her singing debut on the local radio. A short time later she moved with her mother to Hollywood and gave her film debut in the 1943 premiere comedy comedy The Youngest Profession.

Until 1947 she worked in six feature film s and afterwards only 1950 again a film role. Her last role in a feature film was in the 1958 premiere thriller Hong Kong Confidential.

Between 1956 and 1961 she also co-operated in various television series; Including the episode  When Mr. Twilight Died (original title: Vengeance) of the Western series Bonanza. Her last appearance in front of the camera was in a Thanksgiving themed episode of the TV series Hazel''.

In the context of her marriage to Jim Jordan Jr. on May 6, 1962, she completed her career as a film actor and later appeared only on stage at supper clubs and playhouses in Reno, Nevada throughout the 1980s.

Tyler died on 23 November 2005 at the age of 78 years following a lung embolism and was laid to rest in Our Mother of Sorrows Cemetery in Reno, PA.Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.

Filmography (selection) 
 1946: The Green Years
 1950: Rolling Fever
 1952: The Cimarron Kid
 1952: The Battle of Apache Pass
 1957: Voodoo Island
 1957: Chicago Confidential
 1958: The Toughest Gun in Tombstone

References

Other websites 
 
 

1927 births
2005 deaths
Actors from Pennsylvania
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Singers from Pennsylvania
Sharon Lafaye Jones (May 4, 1956 – November 18, 2016) was an American soul and funk singer. She was the lead singer of Sharon Jones & The Dap-Kings, a soul and funk band based in Brooklyn, New York. 

Jones died on November 18, 2016 in Cooperstown, New York of complications from pancreatic cancer, aged 60.

References

1956 births
2016 deaths
American funk singers
American R&B singers
American soul singers
Cancer deaths in New York
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
People from Augusta, Georgia
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Singers from New York City
Michael Thomas "Mike" Flynn (born December 1958) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general. On January 20, 2017, Flynn became the 25th United States National Security Advisor. He resigned on February 13, 2017. He last served as the 18th Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, from July 22, 2012 to August 7, 2014.

On November 18, 2016, Flynn accepted president-elect Donald Trump's offer of the position of National Security Advisor.

The Wall Street Journal reported on January 22, 2017, that Flynn was under investigation by U.S. counterintelligence agents for his communications with Russian officials. On February 13, 2017, Flynn resigned the position of National Security Advisor.

On December 1, 2017, it was reported that Flynn had accepted a deal with Special Counsel Robert Mueller to plead guilty to a single count, that of "willfully and knowingly" making "false, fictitious and fraudulent statements" to the FBI, a felony.

On November 25, 2020, Flynn was issued a presidential pardon by President Trump.  Since being pardoned, Flynn has expressed his support for suspending the United States constitution and the imposition of martial law under President Donald Trump.

References

1958 births
Living people
American generals
Politicians from Rhode Island
United States National Security Advisors
US Democratic Party politicians
Stephen Kevin 'Steve' Bannon (born November 27, 1953) is an American campaign manager, businessman and media executive and former Counselor and Senior Adviser to Donald Trump.

He became chief executive officer of the 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump in August 2016. He was later hired as his chief strategist and Senior Counselor.  President Trump signed an executive order giving Bannon a seat on the United States National Security Council. He was removed from the National Security Council on April 5, 2017.

Bannon resigned on August 4, 2017, but his resignation became in effect on August 18, 2017 during the aftermath of the Unite the Right rally.

In August 2020, Bannon was arrested in New York and indicted for fraud in connection with an online fundraising scheme.

In November 2020, Bannon's Twitter account was permanently suspended after he said that Anthony Fauci and FBI Director Christopher Wray should be beheaded. Bannon was held in contempt of Congress in October 2021 after ignoring a subpoena by the House of Representatives committee investigating the 2021 United States Capitol attack. He was indicted by a federal grand jury on November 12, 2021. He turned himself in to the FBI later that month.

References

1953 births
Living people
Politicians from Virginia
Businesspeople from Virginia
US Republican Party politicians
Joseph Patrick "Joe" Kennedy III (born October 4, 1980) is an American lawyer, politician, and a member of the Kennedy family. He was the U.S. Representative for  from 2013 to 2021. He is a Democrat whose district stretches from the western suburbs of Boston to the state's South Coast.

He is the son of former U.S. Representative Joseph P. Kennedy II and grandson of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel Kennedy. He worked as a Peace Corps volunteer and as an assistant district attorney in the Cape and Islands and Middlesex offices before his election to Congress.

On January 30, 2018, Kennedy delivered the Democratic response to President Trump's State of the Union address.

On September 21, 2019, Kennedy announced his plans to run against Ed Markey in the 2020 Massachusetts  United States Senate race. He lost the primary to Markey on September 1, 2020, making him the first Kennedy family member to lose an election in Massachusetts.

References

1980 births
Living people
Lawyers from Boston
American Roman Catholics
Harvard University alumni
Kennedy family
Politicians from Boston, Massachusetts
Stanford University alumni
United States representatives from Massachusetts
US Democratic Party politicians
Adam Charles Kokesh (born February 1, 1982 in San Francisco, California) is an American political activist. He is a decorated veteran of the War in Iraq, Kokesh came to disparage war and advocate nonviolent resistance to power. He is a member of the Libertarian Party. He has called for a "new American revolution" for the "orderly dissolution of the federal government." He was raised in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He now lives in Arizona.

Kokesh announced that he would run for President of the United States under the Libertarian Party ticket in the 2020 United States presidential election.

References

Other websites

 Adam Kokesh.com (Kokesh 2020 announcement as of November 2016)
 Adam Kokesh on Amazon 
 The Freedom Line website 

1982 births
Living people
American political activists
American military people
American political writers
Politicians from Arizona
Politicians from San Francisco
Politicians from Santa Fe, New Mexico
Writers from San Francisco
Writers from New Mexico
Writers from Arizona
US Libertarian Party politicians
2020 United States vice-presidential candidates
2020 United States presidential candidates
In Brazil, Black Awareness Day or Black Consciousness Day () is held every year on November 20. It is a day "to celebrate a regained awareness by the black community about their great worth and things they have done for the country". The date is an official public holiday in five Brazilian states.

Black Awareness Day has been celebrated since the 1960s. It has become bigger in the last few years. First, it was celebrated on May 13 (the date of abolition of slavery in Brazil). It was later moved to November 20 to honour Zumbi's death, and is sometimes called Zumbi Day.

Events 
Members of the organization "Black Movement" (the largest of its kind in Brazil) organize educational and fun events involving mainly children of African parents. These events wants to get rid of the fact that many people see Afro-Americans as less important. Other "hot topics" in the Black community during the Day of Black Awareness are the working together of African-Brazilian workers with Caucasian-Brazilian and other workers, ethnic identity, and black pride.

Similar days celebrating racial groups in Brazil 

The "Day of the Caboclo" (Dia do Caboclo) is held on June 24. It celebrates the contributions and identity of the original caboclos and their children. This date is an official public holiday in the State of Amazonas.

"Mixed Race Day" (Dia do Mestiço) is held on June 27, three days after the Day of the Caboclo. It celebrates all mixed-race Brazilians, including the caboclos. The date is an official public holiday in three Brazilian states.

"Indian Day" (Dia do Índio) is held on April 19. It recognizes and honours the indigenous peoples of Brazil.

Related pages 
 Afro-Colombian Day, Colombia

References 

 

Observances
Brazil
The Pukhrayan train derailment was an accident that happened on 20 November 2016 in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The Indore-Rajendra Nagar express derailed in the place of Pukhrayan, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.It has resulted in 140 deaths and 200+ injuries.

Accident
The Indore-Rajendra Nagar Express is a passenger train between the Indore Junction and Rajendra Nagar Terminal. On 20 November 2016 at the time 3:00 the train derailed in the place of Pukhrayan, a town in Uttar Pradesh.

Death
After the derailment about 142 passengers travelled in the train were reported dead and 200+ passengers were injured. It has been reported as one of the deadliest derailments after the 2010 Jnaneshwari Express derailment.

Compensation
 PM Narendra Modi declared ₹200,000 compensation for each death in the accident and ₹50,000 for each seriously injured person.
 
 Indian Railways declared compensation of ₹3.5lakhs to the family of each dead people and ₹50,000 for each seriously injured.
 
 Uttar Pradesh CM Akhilesh Yadav announced ₹5 lakh compensation for dead people's family, ₹50,000 for seriously injured and promised ₹25,000 for minorly injured.
 
 Madhya Pradesh CM Shivraj Singh Chohan announced ₹2lakh to the family of each dead people and ₹50,000 for each seriously injured.

References

Railway accidents in India
2016 in India
2010s disasters in India
Mount Selinda is a village and mission station in the province of Manicaland in the eastern mountains of Zimbabwe. Its altitude is 1,100 meters.

Mount Selinda is on the very edge of the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve – the southernmost tropical rainforest in Africa. It is at the southern end of the Eastern Highlands mountain range which separates Zimbabwe from neighboring Mozambique. The Indian Ocean is about 400 kilometers away.

Flora and fauna 

The Mount Selinda area is home to a variety of indigenous African flora, fungi, birds, butterflies, insects and reptiles. This is mainly due to being near the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve, which is protected by law.

Among the hundreds of indigenous trees found in Mount Selinda are: Red mahogany, Brown mahogany, Natal mahogany, Albizia, White stinkwood, Chirinda stinkwood, Ironwood and colossal specimens of strangling figs. The largest Red Mahogany tree in southern Africa stands at Mount Selinda.

Other smaller flora include thousands of specimens of the yucca-like Dracaena fragrans, numerous ferns, creepers, vines, epiphytes, montbretia, orchids and flame lilies.

Mount Selinda boasts a dazzling array of bird life, with Trumpeter hornbills, Livingstone's turaco, African pygmy kingfishers, Firefinches, Sunbirds, African green pigeons, Owls, Nightjars, Eagles and Bee-eaters.

The reptile population includes pythons, cobras, vipers, mambas, adders, chameleons, geckos, skinks and lizards. The endemic Marshall's pygmy chameleon, Rhampholeon marshalli, is found within the forest and at the forest margin.

The variety and brilliant colors of butterflies in the area is also noteworthy.

Agriculture 
Avocadoes, tea, bananas, sweet potatoes, taro, citrus, pineapples, sugarcane, coffee, macadamia nuts are grown in the area. There are also commercial timbers such as eucalyptus, wattle and pine. Dairy farming is also a part of the agriculture.

References

Cities in Zimbabwe
Afrocarpus falcatus is a tree in the family Podocarpaceae. Common terms include common yellowwood, bastard yellowwood, outeniqua yellowwood, African fern pine, and weeping yew.

The tree is native to the montane forests of southern Africa. It can be found in Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland.  The tree is widespread in some areas and not considered threatened. In South Africa it is a protected tree in South Africa.

Description
This is an evergreen conifer. It often grows up to about 45 meters tall, but is known to reach 60 m. The trunk can be 2 to 3 m wide, and is gray-brown to reddish. The leaves are arranged in spirals on the branches. They are small and narrow, up to 4.5 cm long by about 6 mm wide.

Biology
Female trees bear their fruit only every few years. The main agents of seed dispersal are fruit bats. They eat the fleshy covering but discard the hard, woody seed. 

Many birds feed on the fruits, such as hornbills, Cape parrot, purple-crested turaco, Knysna turaco, Ross's turaco, African olive pigeon, African green pigeon, and eastern bronze-naped pigeon. Colobus monkeys, bushpigs and rodents also feed on the fruits.

References

Conifers
Latin rock is a term to describe a music subgenre. It has traditional sounds and elements of Latin American and Caribbean folk music merged with with rock music. However, it is widely used in the English-language media to refer any kind of rock music featuring Spanish or Portuguese vocals.

The archaetypal latin rock band was led by Carlos Santana. His band Santana was far and away the most popular latin rock fusion  of the late 1960s to the early 2000s. Santana has sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the world's best-selling groups of all time.

In 1969, after the release of the debut album by Santana, Latin rock appeared in the US and other parts of the world. The band's musical style is a fusion of Latin American and Caribbean rhythms, soul, jazz, funk, blues, psychedelia and rhythm and blues based on rock music.

Equally important to their success was the use of English lyrics. In the United States of fifty years ago, to sing in Spanish was to limit the audience to Puerto Rican, Mexican and Cuban immigrants. To sing in English was to open up the chance of really wide popularity.

References 

Rock music
Latin music
Music genres
Gateway drug theory is the idea that once a person uses one illegal drug, they are more likely to use other drugs.  It is also called stepping-stone theory, escalation hypothesis, or progression hypothesis.

If the gateway theory is true, people who use one drug may be more likely to use other drugs because:
 Using the first drug changed their brain
 They have similar attitudes about using different drugs

The gateway theory helps shape education and lawmaking about drugs. Scientific study of the possible causes of the gateway theory is important for health policy.

References

Drugs
Health
Kavaratti is a town and is the capital of Lakshadweep in India. It is also the name for the atoll on which the town stands. It is well known for its sandy beaches and calm lagoons. This makes it a popular tourist destination.

References 

Cities in India
Atolls
The Jnaneshwari Express derailed on 28 May 2010 in West Midnapore district, West Bengal. It is believed that the track was bombed or sabotaged, damaging it.

Derailment
At that time The Communist Party of India (Maoist) arranged a four-day bandh in that area. State police said that the track of length about 46 cm was removed by the Maoist-Naxalites. At 1:30pm Jnaneshwari Super Deluxe Express train with 13 carriages which was travelling from Howrah to Mumbai derailed.

Casualties
At least 148 people were killed and over 200 others were injured. Compensation was announced Rs.5Lakhs for the family of the people who were killed.

References

2010 crimes
2010 disasters
2010 in India
Mass murder in Asia
Mass murder in the 2010s
May events
Murder in India
Railway accidents in India

Terrorist incidents in Asia in the 2010s
West Bengal
2010s disasters in India
The 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck was the largest single rail disaster in history (by death toll). It was caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.

Train
Train #50, the Matara Express, also known as the "Queen of the Sea" line, was a regular train between the Sri Lankan capital Colombo and Matara. The train, overcrowded with 1800+ passengers, left Colombo on 26 December 2004.

Tsunami strikes the train
At 9:30 am in the village of Peraliya, the beach saw the gigantic waves arriving towards. The first wave flooded the carriages and caused panic among the passengers. The next wave arrived after 10 minutes. It was huge and washed away the train and smashed it against trees and houses which were nearby.

Casualties
The huge waves of tsunami had destroyed the train and only 150 passengers out of 1800+ survived. About 1700 were reported dead, even though only 900 bodies were recovered. The  Sri Lankan authorities do not know where the train was washed to. After 4 pm, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa's helicopter identified it. Even though rescue operations was held not more than 150 people survived and the village was also washed away by the deadly waves.

References

2004 in Asia
2004 train wreck
December events
Disasters in the 2000s
Railway accidents in Asia
The national anthem of Saudi Arabia, which can be known by its incipit "Hasten!" (سارعي Sâregħi), was first adopted in 1950. A few years before, this song was a present given by the Fâruq of Egypt to King Abdulaziz when he visited Egypt. It was composed by Abdol-Raħman al-Xaṭib, which was then rearranged by Serâġ Omar. Later in 1984, ‘Ebrâhim Xafâġi wrote the lyrics to the song; in the same year, the anthem was officially readopted with the lyrics.

Lyrics

Official Arabic lyrics since 1984

English translation
Hasten!
To glory and supremacy,
Exalt the Creator of heavens!
And raise the green flag
Carrying the written light of aegis;
Repeat: "Allahu Akbar!"
O my country!
My country,
As pride of Muslims live on!
Long live the King
For the flag
And the land!

References

Saudi Arabia
National anthems
On June 6, 1981, a train crashed in Bihar, India. It was carrying more than 800 passengers, traveling between Mansi railway station and Saharsa railway station. It derailed and fell into the River Bagmati while it was crossing the bridge over the river.

Casualties
Five days after the accident only 200 out of 800 passengers had been recovered as dead bodies with hundreds more people missing. The missing passengers were thought to have been washed away by the River Bagmati. Total deaths were listed as 500-800. This derailment stands in 4th place in the worst railway accidents by death toll in the world.

Reasons
Many reasons were given for this railway derailment accident. They were:
 Brake failure while trying to avoid hitting a water buffalo
 Cyclone
 Flash floods

Reference

1981 in Asia
1980s in India
Train derailment
Disasters in the 1980s
June events
Railway accidents in India
Firozabad rail disaster is the second most worst rail accident in India after the Bihar train derailment. It occurred on 20 August 1995 near Firozabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Accident
The crash happened at 02:55 when a passenger train named Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station collided with Purushottam Express from Puri. At first the Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station struck a cow but was unable to proceed further as its brakes were damaged. Next the Purushottam Express from Puri struck the Kalindi Express behind with a speed of 70 kph. 

The last three carriages of the Kalindi Express and two carriages along with the engine of Purushottam Express were destroyed. About 358 passengers were killed.

Reference

1995 in Asia
August events
1990s disasters in India
Railway accidents in India
Uttar Pradesh
Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision occurred on 12 November 1996 over the village of Charkhi Dadri in Haryana, India. The collision happened between Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-100B from Delhi to Dhahran(Saudi Arabia) and Kazakhstan Airlines Illyushin II-76 from Chimkent, Kazakhstan to Delhi.

Collision

SVA763 (Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-100B) departed from Delhi International Airport to Dhahran at 18:35. KZA1907 (Kazakhstan Airlines Illyushin II-76) was descending to Delhi airport at the same time.Both flights were controlled by VK Dutta.KZA1907 was cleared to descend 15,000 feet altitude, whereas SVA763 was cleared to climb to 14,000feet. After 8 min, KZA1907 reported that they reached 15000 ft altitude, but they were descending to 14,500 ft at that time and were continuing the descent.

Not noticing it, soon the KZA1907's tail cut through SVA763's left wing. The Boieng of SVA763 lost control and went into a descending spiral and hit the ground at 1135 kmph. The Ilyushin remained structurally intact as it went in a steady but rapid and uncontrolled descent until it crashed in a field.In the end, all 312 people on board SVA763 and all 37 people on KZA1907 were killed.

The collision took place about  west of Delhi. The wreckage of the Saudi aircraft crashed near Dhani village, Bhiwani District, Haryana. The wreckage of the Kazakh aircraft hit the ground near Birohar village, Rohtak District, Haryana.

Investigation
The crash was investigated by the Lahoti Commission, headed by then-Delhi High Court judge Ramesh Chandra Lahoti. The flight data recorders were decoded by Kazakhstan Airlines and Saudi Airlines under the supervision of air crash investigators in Moscow and Farnborough, England, respectively.
The commission determined that the accident had been the fault of the Kazakh Il-76 commander, who had descended from the assigned altitude of  and subsequently  and even lower. The report says that the cause of this serious problem in operating procedure was due to the lack of English language skills on the part of the Kazakh aircraft pilots; they were dependent entirely on their radio operator for communications with the ATC.

Just a few seconds from impact, the Kazakh plane climbed slightly and the two planes collided. This was because the radio operator of Kazakhstan 1907 discovered only then that they were not at 15,000 feet and asked the pilot to climb.The tail of the Kazakh plane clipped the left wing of the Saudi jet, severing both parts from their respective planes.

Documentaries
The disaster was again the subject of an episode in the documentary series Mayday (TV series) on 2 March 2009 entitled "Sight Unseen", in a wide-screen format with sophisticated computer animations on National Geographic Channel.

References

Aviation disasters in Asia
Haryana
1990s disasters in India
Aviation disasters in the 1990s
1996
Church of the Company Fire is the largest fire accident ever by death toll in the world. It occurred on 1863 December 8 in Santiago, Chile. About 2000 to 3000 people are said to have been killed in the fire accident.

Church of the Company of Jesus was a Jesuit church located in Santiago, Chile.The day of the fire was the celebration of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. The fire started at 7 P.M. when an oil lamp had ignited the place and it got fire. About 2000-3000 people inside the church got roasted in the massive fire accident.

The cleanup of the bodies took about ten days, and since most of the bodies were burned beyond recognition, they were placed in a mass grave at the Cementerio General de Santiago. A Santiago newspaper printed the names of over 2,000 known victims, and the same paper also printed a list of the objects saved by the priests and their value, which led to public outcry against the priests who had saved valuable objects but not people.

The tragedy, and the fact that one of the contributing factors was the lack of an organized fire-brigade, motivated José Luis Claro y Cruz to organize the first Volunteer Firemen's Corps in Santiago, on December 20 of the same year. Fire brigades in Chile, even today, are still made up only of unpaid volunteers.  New fire regulations also resulted, and the tragedy contributed to the partial secularization of Chilean government over the next two decades.

References

1863
Fires
History of Chile
December events
The 1931 China floods or the 1931 Yellow River Floods were a series of floods that occurred in China in the year 1931. It is the most deadly natural disaster by death toll. About 1,000,000-3.7 million people were said to be dead in this series of floods.

Cause 
In the period of 1928-30 China faced a severe drought. Due to some abnormal weather conditions heavy snowstorms and heavy rainfall occurred in parts of central China. The water levels increased in the rivers. The rain grew heavier in July and August in 1931. China faced nine cyclones in July 1931 alone.

Death 
Chinese sources say 1,000,000 died due to the overflow of the Yangtze River. Western sources say a death toll of 3.7 million-4 million people. In July alone, four weather stations along the Yangtze River reported rain totaling over  for the month.

The Yangtze and Huai River floods soon reached Nanjing, the capital of China at the time. The city, located on an island in a massive flood zone, suffered catastrophic damage. Millions died of drowning while some died due to starvation, from waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhus. The high-water mark was reached on 19 August at Hankou town in Wuhan, with the water level exceeding  above normal. On the evening of 25 August 1931, the water rushing through the Grand Canal washed away dikes near Gaoyou Lake. Some 200,000 people drowned in their sleep in the resulting deluge.

References 

Floods in Asia
Natural disasters in China
1931
Floods
Great Chinese Famine was a great famine in China from 1958 to 1961. Drought, poor weather and some of the policies of the Communist Party of China were among the reasons of the three years of famine. This also further resulted in the Great Leap Forward movement.

History 
According to the government's statistics the total death toll is 15 million people. Historian Frank Dikotter, having been granted special access to Chinese archival materials, estimates that there were at least 45 million premature deaths from 1958 to 1962, although far from all these deaths came about as a result of starvation.

Chinese journalist Yang Jisheng concluded there were 36 million deaths due to starvation, while another 40 million others failed to be born, so that "China's total population loss during the Great Famine then comes to 76 million.

The Great Chinese Famine was caused by a combination of adverse weather conditions, social pressure, economic mismanagement, and radical changes in agriculture imposed by government regulations.

Mao Zedong, chairman of the Chinese communist party, introduced drastic changes in farming which prohibited farm ownership. Failure to abide by the policies led to persecution. The social pressure imposed on the citizens in terms of farming and business, which the government controlled, led to state instability. Owing to the laws passed during the period and Great Leap Forward during 1958–1962, according to government statistics, about 36 million people died in this period.

References

Disasters in the 20th century
Natural disasters in China
1950s in China
1960s in China
Sylvia Chang (born 21 July 1953) is a Taiwanese movie director, actress, singer and producer. She began her career in the 1970s. She acted in, directed and produced many movies.

Chang won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress. Her movies have been accepted into movie festivals.

She was born in Chiayi City, Taiwan.

References

Chinese movie actors
Chinese movie directors
Chinese movie producers
1953 births
Living people
Azerbaijanfilm () is an Azerbaijani state movie studio. It is located in the capital city Baku. They mainly make movies and sometimes documentaries.

History
"Azerbaijanfilm" started in 1920 as a photo-cinema department at the Azerbaijan SSR People's Commissariat (Government Ministry).  In 1923 it was renamed to "Azerbaijani Photo-Cinema Office" (AFKI). There were several name changes, including "Azdovletkino" (1926–1930), "Azkino" (1930–1933), "Azfilm" (1933), "Azdovletkinosenaye" (1934), "Azerfilm" (1935–1940), and "Baku Cinema Studio" (1941–1959). In 1960 it became "Azerbaijanfilm" cinema studio named after Jafar Jabbarly.

Currently, "Azerbaijanfilm" is a part of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan.

Notable movies

Azerbaijan SSR
 1931 Qaz
 1933 Lökbatan
 1945 The Cloth Peddler
 1956 O Olmasin, Bu Olsun
 1961 Balıqçılar
 1963 Kür
 1964 İçəri Şəhər
 1964 Ulduz
 1965 Mingəçevir
 1970 Sevil
 1977 Birthday
 1979 Babek
 1988 The Scoundrel
 1989 Anecdote

Azerbaijan
 1991 The Engagement Ring
 1998 Sari Gelin
 2001 Yuxu
 2004 National Bomb
 2009 The 40th Door
 2010 The Precinct
 2011 Buta
 2012 Amazing Azerbaijan (documentary)
 2012 Steppe Man

References

Other websites
  
 Azeri films 
 Azerbaijani film  at the Internet Movie Database
 Azerbaycan Kinosu 

Movie studios
1920 establishments in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani culture
Buildings and structures in Baku
The 2016 United States presidential election in Texas was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted.

On 1 March 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties.

Presidential

Prediction 

Texas has not voted for the Republican candidate since the 1980 election. Below is a list of predictions from credible news organizations:

 Los Angeles Times: Leans Trump
 CNN: Solid Trump
 Sabato's Crystal Ball: Solid Trump
 NBC: Leans Trump
 Electoral-vote.com: Leans Trump
 RealClearPolitics: Leans Trump
 Fox News: Leans Trump
 ABC: Solid Trump

Results

By county

Caucuses

Democratic 

The Democratic caucus occurred on 26 March 2016.

Republican 

The Republican caucus occurred on 1 March 2016.

Related pages

 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016
 Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016

References

Other websites 

 RNC 2016 Republican Nominating Process 
 Green papers for 2016 primaries, caucuses, and conventions
 2016 Presidential primaries , ElectionProjection.com
 Decision Desk Headquarter Results for Texas 

2016 in Texas
2016 United States presidential election by state
Texas elections
Profilage is a French crime drama TV series. It was developed in 2009 by Fanny Robert and Sophie Lebarbier along with TF1.

Background 
The series focuses on Chloé Saint-Laurent (Odile Vuillemin), a criminologist who works at police department in Paris. To solve crimes she uses her own experiences and intelligence.

Cast

Other websites
 Profilage's website on TF1 
 

French television series
Police television series
2009 establishments in France
The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The team started play in the 2017–18 NHL season as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). In their very first season, they reached the Stanley Cup Finals where they lost to the Washington Capitals in five games. During the 2019 Stanley Cup Playoffs, the Vegas Knights were leading the series in the first round three to one against San Jose Sharks, but failed to advance. They also became just the second NHL team to lose in game 7 after having a three goal third period lead.

References
Salgesch () is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 Pfynwald 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Turtmann is a former municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.

Other websites

 Official Website 

Former municipalities of Valais
Unterems (Walliser German: Unneräms) is a former municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Unterems and Turtmann merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.

Other websites

 Official Website 

Former municipalities of Valais
Turtmann-Unterems is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
2013 establishments in Switzerland
Varen (Walliser German: Faru, ) is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It is famous as the birthplace of skier Brigitte Albrecht-Loretan.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Varen 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Bovernier is a municipality of the district Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Bovernier 
 

Municipalities of Valais
Septic shock is a medical condition which can result from sepsis. Sepsis is a special form of infection. With septic shock, the circulation of blood changes or stops. This makes septic shock a medical emergency,which is usually treated in intensive care. Between a quarter and half the people with the condition die.

Treatment is usually done in the following steps:
 Stabilizing, restarting blood circulation, usually by giving fluids
 Treatment of the infection
 Coping with organ failures

Medicine
They is the third person plural pronoun in English, used to describe a subject. The object form is "them". "They" can be used for both people or objects. 

'They' can also be used for the singular third person if the gender of the person is unknown, or to purposely be ambiguous. Singular 'they' is conjugated the same way as the plural form, similar to the matching conjugations of the plural and singular 'you' in English. Singular 'they' is never used for objects, only people.

'They' can also be used to refer to a generic group of people, such as "In Britain, they celebrate Christmas in December".

Pronouns
The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses) is a national park in Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. 

It is an area with low, flat, occasionally flooded land, between large sand dunes. It is about . Despite abundant rain, it has almost no vegetation. 

With large, white, sweeping dunes, Lençóis Maranhenses looks like a typical desert, but in fact it is not one. Being just outside the Amazon Basin, the region gets a regular rainy season in first half of the year. When it rains, fresh water collects in the valleys between sand dunes. The water is prevented from sinking down by a layer of rock underneath the sand. This results in blue, green and black lagoons surrounded by the desert-like sand. The lagoons are at their fullest their fullest between July and September.

When the lagoons are full, they are interconnected to rivers such as the Rio Negro. From the river, large numbers of fish arrive. One species of fish, however, is resident. The wolf fish or tiger fish (Hoplias malabaricus) stays dormant in the mud and moist areas after most of the water has evaporated, re-emerging during the next rainy season.

References 

National parks in South America
Habitats
Military gliders (a variation of the common glider) have been used by the military of various countries for carrying troops and heavy equipment into a war zone. They were used mainly during the Second World War. These aircraft with no engines were towed into the air and most of the way to their target by military transport planes. One of the most popular tow aircraft was the C-47 Skytrain or Dakota. They could also be towed by bombers. Military gliders do not soar. Once released from the tow craft near the front lines, they were to land on any convenient open terrain close to their target. 

They tried to landed with as little damage as possible to the cargo and crew as possible. But most landing zones (LZ) were far from ideal. The one-way nature of the missions meant that military gliders were treated as being disposable. This is why they were made from common and inexpensive materials such as wood. They were unarmored, fragile, aircraft with crude steering and no brakes. This is why a large number of them crashed on landing. Troops landing by glider were referred to as airborne infantry. Pilots called themselves "tow targets" while the soldiers referred to the gliders as "flying coffins." Casualties for some missions ran as high as 40%. 

Gilders had certain advantages, however. Paratroopers, soldiers landing by parachute, were usually spread over a large area. They could easily be separated from other paratroopers and from air-dropped equipment, such as vehicles and anti-tank guns. Gliders, on the other hand, could land troops and equipment precisely at the target landing area. Once released from the tow aircraft, military gliders were silent and difficult for the enemy to identify. Larger gliders were developed to land heavy equipment like anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, small vehicles, such as jeeps, and also light tanks (e.g., the Tetrarch tank). This heavier equipment made glider forces much more capable. During World War II, the United States had about 6,000 trained glider pilots. Some were given a second chance to fly as glider pilots after failing to complete conventional aircraft training. The  Soviets also experimented with ways to deliver light tanks by air, including the Antonov A-40, a gliding tank with detachable wings.

By the time of the Korean War, helicopters had largely replaced gliders. Helicopters have the advantage of being able to deliver and extract soldiers to and from the battlefield with more precision. Also, modern advances allow even light tanks to be dropped by parachute. Only special forces use gliders for silent, small-scale insertion today.

References 

World War II aircraft
The Freedom of Information Act 2000 was introduced by the British Government in the year 2000.

The Act creates a general right of access, on request, to information held by public authorities. That means any member of the public may demand that withheld information about them is released to them. 

About 120,000 requests are made each year. Private citizens made 60% of them, with businesses and journalists accounting for 20% and 10% respectively.  The Act cost £35.5 million in 2005.

Although there are some groups which are exceptions to the Act, it covers over 19,000 authorities.

References 

Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
2000s in the United Kingdom
Cannabis, also known as marijuana or Cannabis sativa and among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the Cannabis plant used for medical or recreational purposes. The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids, which are chemicals only found in Cannabis. Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract.

Cannabis is mostly used recreationally or as a medicinal drug, although like other psychoactive drugs it may also be used for spiritual purposes. In 2013, between 128 and 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65). It is the most commonly used illegal drug in the world, though it is legal in some jurisdictions, with the highest use among adults () in Zambia, the United States, Canada, and Nigeria.

Marijuana plants are grouped into 3 categories: Sativa, Indica, and Hybrid. A hybrid is a combination of Sativa and Indica.  These 3 categories are then divided and categorized more into different strains.  Strains are minor differences in how you feel when you use Cannabis.  Some of the most famous and well-known strains of marijuana are: Acapulco Gold, Gelato, Grape Ape, White Widow, Purple Haze, Skunk and G13.

Notes

References 

Cannabis
Draguignan () is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in southeastern France.

It is a subprefecture of the department.

History
Draguignan became the prefecture of the Var in 1797, at the beginning of the French Revolution. This was even if the town was not the biggest city in the department. It remained as the prefecture until 1974 when it was moved to Toulon.

Geography
The city is at the foot of the Malmont mountain, in a valley that is about  long, from northwest to southeast. The Nartuby, a tributary of the Argens river, flows to the west of the city.

Draguignan has an area of ,  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Draguignan is surrounded by the communes Saint-Rémy, Maleville, La Bastide-l'Évêque, Morlhon-le-Haut, Sanvensa, La Rouquette, Savignac and Toulonjac.

Climate
The climate of Draguignan, in the Köppen climate classification, is Csb - Mediterranean climate with template summers.

Population
With a population in 2013 of 39,174, Draguignan has a population density is of  inhabitants/km2.

The inhabitants of Draguignan are known, in French, as Dracenois (women: Dracenoises).

Sister cities
Draguignan is twinned with:
  Tuttlingen, Germany

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Var department

Other websites

Mairie de Villefranche-de-Rouergue - Official website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Var
The Conquest of Malacca (Malaca conquistada) is an epic poem by Portuguese poet Francisco de Sá de Meneses.

General information 
The Conquest of Malacca is an epic poem. It was published in 1634. It is one of the more noted Portuguese poem of the 17th century.

Author 
Francisco de Sá de Meneses was a poet of Baroque. He was born about 1600 and died in 1664.

Form 
The poem is written in ottava rima (oitava-rima in Portuguese). In other words it is composed of stanzas of eight lines, rhymed abababcc. The same strophe was used earlier by Luís de Camões in The Lusiads.

 Canto as armas e o grande Lusitano
 Que, desde a ocidental extrema parte,
 Aonde o Sol se levanta do oceano
 Levou das Quinas santas o estandarte
 E (castigado o pérfido tirano)
 A cidade ganhou, por força e arte,
 Do áureo reino, e trocou com pio exemplo
 A profana mesquita em sacro templo.

Story 
The poem by Francisco de Sá de Meneses tells about the batles of Malacca. The battle was fought in 1511. Portuguese forces, led by Afonso de Albuquerque, the governor of India, seized the city of Malacca. The city was a strong fortress. It controlled the strait of Malacca, which was the way to China.

Translation 
The poem was translated into English by Edgar C. Knowlton, Jr. The book was published by University of Malaya Press in Kuala Lumpur in 1970.

References

Bibliography

Other websites 
 Francisco de Sá de Meneses, Malaca conquistada at Bibliotecva Nacional de Portugal.

Epic poems
Portuguese culture
17th-century works
Vargas tragedy is one of the worst disaster that struck the Venezuelan country's Vargas state on 15 December 1999. It was a result of heavy downpour of rain, flash floods and mudslides that followed on 14-16 December 1999 which killed 10,000*30,000 peoples.This disaster led to an complete collapse of the infrastructure of the state of Vargas.

Many towns were swept away to the ocean due to the floods.Whole towns like Cerro Grande and Carmen de Uria completely disappeared. As much as 10% of the population of Vargas perished during this event.The coastal area of Vargas has long been subject to mudslides and flooding: geologically similar catastrophes occurred with regularity. The most recent major flood was in 1951, however that event did not cause as much damage.

In a 52-hour span during 14, 15 and 16 December 1999,  of rain (approximately one year's total rainfall for the region) was measured on the north-central coast of Venezuela at Simón Bolívar International Airport in Maiquetia, Venezuela. These heavy rains included  of accumulation in just one hour, between 6 and 7 AM on the 16th; precipitation on both the 15th and 16th exceeded the 1,000-year probability rainfall event. Even so, the coast received much less rain than some regions upstream.

The disaster caused estimated damages of USD $1.79 to $3.5 billion. The death toll was considered to be between 10,000 and 30,000—the exact number of casualties is difficult to determine as there was no reliable census data, especially about shanty towns and small communities that were completely wiped out; moreover, only some 1,000 bodies were recovered, with the rest swept to sea by the mud or buried in the landslides. More than 8,000 homes and 700 apartment buildings were destroyed in Vargas displacing up to 75,000 people.

References

Floods
20th century in Venezuela
1999
December events
1990s in South America
Charrat is a municipality in the district Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Fully is a municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Isérables is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Leytron is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Villages
Leytron, Ovronnaz, Les Moulins, Produit, Montagnon, Les Places, Le Four, Dugny, Morthey and Lui Teise.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Martigny-Combe is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Villages
Martigny-Croix, Le Brocard, Le Borgeaud, Les Rappes, La Fontaine, Le Cergneux, Le Fays, Le Sommet-des-Vignes and Ravoire.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities of Valais
Riddes is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of Riddes 

Municipalities of Valais