cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal () or the Queen's Golden Jubilee Medal was a commemorative medal created in 2002 to mark the fiftieth anniversary of Elizabeth II's accession.

References

Awards
The Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal or The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal is a commemorative medal created in 2012 to mark the sixtieth anniversary of Elizabeth II's accession to the thrones of the Commonwealth realms.

References

Awards
Transcendental idealism is a part of philosophy. It was founded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in 18th century. He wrote about it in his most famous work Critique of Pure Reason (1781). Transcendental idealism has several meanings. It may be the root cause of all phenomena. It is also about observable objects that are limited during perception by consciousness.
Philosophy
Departure is a 2019 suspense drama television series by Canadian broadcaster Global. The series premiered on Universal TV on 10 July 2019, with Global scheduling the Canadian debut for 8 October 2020. On 11 September 2020, the series was renewed for a second season. It stars Archie Panjabi and Christopher Plummer. 

The series is about the investigation by the fictional Transport Safety and Investigations Bureau into the disappearance of a British passenger plane over the Atlantic Ocean and the reasons behind it.

References

Canadian television series
2019 television series debuts
Christopher Plummer (1929–2021) was a Canadian movie, television and stage actor. Plummer won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Mike Mills' movie Beginners (2010).

Performances

Movies

Television

Theatre

Video games

References

Filmographies
Emakimono (絵巻物) or just emaki  is an Japanese horizontal illustrated narration. It was originated in 8th century. Emakimoko used as illustration of religious texts, legends, or even romantic stories. It was generally depicted the customs of Japanese people.  The preserved copies are protected as National Treasures of Japan.

Japanese culture
Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (5 April 1863 - 24 September 1950) was the oldest child of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom and Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse. She was the granddaughter of Queen Victoria. She married Prince Louis of Battenberg. Her children were Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, and Princess Alice of Battenberg, Louise, Queen of Sweden, and George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven, .  She was the grandmother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

Princess Victoria Dowager of Marchioness Milford Haven  died on 24 September 1950 age  87 . She was buried on 28 September 1950 with her husband Prince Louis of Battenberg at St Mildred Church Whippingham on the Isle of Wight.

Ancestry

References

1863 births
1950 deaths
Princes and princesses
Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport  is an international airport used for commerical and military use. The airport is located in Minnesota, United States. The airport is the largest in terms of passenger amount in the Upper Midwest region of the United States.

Airlines
These airlines fly to and from Minneapolis-Saint Paul;
Air Canada Express
Air France
Alaska Airlines
Allegiant Air
American Airlines
American Eagle
Boutique Air
Condor
Delta Airlines
Delta Connection
Denver Air Connection
Frontier Airlines
Icelandair 
JetBlue
KLM
Southwest Airlines 
Spirit Airlines
Sun Country Airlines
United Airlines
United Express

Gallery

References

Other websites

 
  
 MAC Noise Homepage (official—interactive maps of flights and noise data)
 Live Air Traffic Control streams including MSP
 Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Minnesota – used for information on former airports
 
 
 OpenNav airspace and charts for KMSP
 
 Airport diagram for October 1959

Airports in Minnesota
Saint-Rhémy-en-Bosses is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References 

Settlements in Valle d'Aosta
Soft Metal Music is a genre of music involving metal music that is not quite heavy enough to be considered heavy metal music. One notable song with this genre is "Smells Like Teen Spirit" by Nirvana. This genre includes sub genres such as Nu metal, grunge music, and heavy rock.

References 

Music
Pages created with the Article Wizard from 2021
Oswald Spengler (29 May 1880-8 May 1936) was a German philosopher and schoolteacher. He was mostly active in the areas of the philosophy of history,  and cultural history. He also had antidemocratic ideas. He was part of a group of people called Konservative Revolution. His main work, The Decline of the West (original: Der Untergang des Abendlandes), he is against telling the story of humanity as a linear story of advances and successes. Instead, he says that history is cyclic: new cultures arise, they are successful, and they vanish again. He also says that the different cultures are well-defined, and clearly distinguishable. One such culture usually has a "lifetime" of about 1.000 years. Even in the title of his work, he says that the culture of the West (he used the term Abendland, occident, in English),  is in decline. 

According to his contemporaries, Spengler correctly predicted some historical developments. He also influenced a few historians, such as Franz Borkenau and Arnold J. Toynbee. 

Spengler also published a number of minor works. As he saw that the Weimar Republic didn't work, he hoped that there would be a dictator thar would be strong enough to master the political challenges, in internal and foreign policy. Spengler talked about an era of  wars of annihilation (such as the First World War). Spengler was also against National Socialism. He thought that antisemitism (as propagated by the Nazis) was too simple to be a solution for the problems of the time.  He also thought that Benito Mussolini was better at what he did than Adolf Hitler.

Spengler died of a heart attack in his apartment in Munich, on May 8, 1936. 

The Nazis were ambivalent as to Spengler: Some saw him as one of the philosophical forefathers, others though that his ideas were too antiquated to be useful. As a philosopher, Alfred Baeumler was much closer to Nazi ideologies.  

German philosophers
1880 births
1936 deaths
Dongo is a  comune in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy.

Settlements in Lombardy
Abdullah el-Faisal is a Muslim minister who gave his messages in the United Kingdom until he was convicted of supporting hate against different races and asking his followers to murder Jews, Hindus, Christians, and Americans.

El-Faisal was sent to nine years in prison, but only went to it for four years before being forced to go back to Jamaica in 2007. He would then go to Africa, but was forced to leave Botswana in 2009 and later Kenya in January 2010.

References 

Living people
1963 births
People from London
Vienna International Airport is the international airport of Vienna, Austria,  southeast of central Vienna. The airport is the largest in Austria.

History
On 27 December 1985, Vienna International Airport was one of two airports attacked in the 1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks.

Airlines
Aeagan Airlines
Aer Lingus
Aeroflot
Air Algerie
airBaltic
Air Cairo
Air Canada
Air China
Air France
Air Malta
Air Moldova
Air Serbia
All Nippon Airways
AnadoluJet
Austrian Airlines
Belavia
BH Air
Blue Air
Blue Islands
British Airways
Brussels Airlines
Bulgaria Air
Bulgarian Air Charter
China Airlines
China Southern Airlines
Corendon Airlines
Croatia Airlines
easyJet
EgyptAir
El Al
Emirates
Enter Air
Ethiopian Airlines
Etihad Airways
Eurowings
EVA Air
Finnair
Flynas
Georgian Airways
Hainan Airlines
Iberia
Iran Air
Jet2.com
KLM
Korean Air
Kuwait Airways
LOT Polish Airlines
Lufthansa
Luxair
Norwegian Air Shuttle
Pegasus Airlines
People's
Qatar Airways
Rossiya
Royal Jordanian
Ryanair
Saudia
Smartwings
SunExpress
Swiss International Air Lines
TAP Air Portugal
TAROM
Thai Airways
Tunisair
Turkish Airlines
Ukraine International Airlines
Utair
Volotea
Vueling
Wizz Air

References

Airports in Europe
Transport in Austria
Buildings and structures in Austria
Vienna
Doug Joseph Lennox (21 January 1938 – 28 November 2015) was a Canadian actor, writer and radio personality, who was perhaps best known for his book Now You Know, The Big Book of Answers and his many appearances in movies such as X-Men, Police Academy and The Mask.

1938 births
2015 deaths
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian radio personalities
Canadian writers
Actors from Toronto
Writers from Toronto
Stiff Records is a British independent record label formed in London, England, by Dave Robinson and Jake Riviera (real name Andrew Jakeman). Originally active from 1976 to 1988, the label was reactivated in 1999.

Established at the outset of the punk rock boom, Stiff signed various punk and new wave acts such as Nick Lowe, the Damned, Lene Lovich, Wreckless Eric, Elvis Costello, Ian Dury and The Blockheads, Jona Lewie, Rachel Sweet, Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias, They Might Be Giants and Devo.  In the 1980s, with most of their early signings having moved on, the label found commercial success with Madness, Tenpole Tudor, The Pogues, Tracey Ullman, The Belle Stars, Kirsty MacColl, McFly, Puffy AmiYumi and others.

In December 2017, Universal Music Group acquired Stiff Records and ZTT Records. Razor & Tie, a division of the Concord Music Group, holds the American rights to the Stiff catalogue. Meanwhile, the British rights to the Stiff catalogue are held by BMG Rights Management under Union Square Music.

British record labels
1976 establishments in the United Kingdom
This is a list of artists who are known for producing music in the geek rock genre including its subgenres such as nerd punk and trock.

1970s and earlier
 Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias (1974-1982)
 Captain Beefheart and the Magic Band (1964-1982)
 ±David Bowie (1963-2016)
 Descendents (1977-present)
 Devo (1973–present)
 ±Elvis Costello (1970-present)
 ±Kraftwerk (1970-present)
 Oingo Boingo (1979-1995)
 ±Rush (1968–2018)
 ±Talking Heads (1975–1991)
 They Might Be Giants (1976-present)
 "Weird Al" Yankovic (1976–present)
 XTC (1976–2006)
 ±Frank Zappa

1980s
 Barenaked Ladies (1988–present)
 Crash Test Dummies (1988–present)
 The Dead Milkmen (1983–present)
 Thomas Dolby (1981–present)
 GWAR (1984–present)
 Moxy Früvous (1989–2001)
 Violent Femmes (1980-present)

1990s
 Andrew W.K. (1998–present)
 The Aquabats (1994–present)
 Ben Folds Five (1993–present)
 Bowling for Soup (1994-present) (1997–present)
 Fountains of Wayne (1996–2013)
 Man or Astro-man? (1999–present)
 The Mountain Goats (1991–present)
 Nerf Herder (1994–present)
 Ozma (1995–present)
 Polysics (1997-present)
 Tenacious D (1994–present)
 Weezer (1992–present)
 Wheatus (1995–present)

2000s
 alt-J (2007–present)
 Chameleon Circuit (2008–2014)
 Jonathan Coulton (2003–present)
 The Darkest of the Hillside Thickets (2003–present)
 The Franchise (2004–2008)
 Harry and the Potters (2002–present)
 hellogoodbye (2001–present)
 I Fight Dragons (2000–present)
 The Protomen (2003–present)
 Paul & Storm (2004 -present)
 Thundering Asteroids! (2009–present)

2010s
 The Doubleclicks (2011–present)
 Double Experience (2014–present)
 Five Year Mission (2010-present)
 Time Crash (2012–present)

Note
 ± Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee

References

Rock musicians
Catharsis is a term in the Greek theatre meaning the purification of emotions through art. This was the effect of the tragedy as the main and earliest genre of the Greek theatre. It was originally used by Aristotle in the Poetics. 

It was also used in  psychology.

Related articles 
Art therapy

Mimesis

References 

Culture
Art
Emotions
Psychology
In the Vedic religion, Ṛta (/ˈrɪtə/; Sanskrit ऋत ṛta "order, rule; truth") is the principle of natural order which regulates and coordinates the operation of the universe and everything within it. In the hymns of the Vedas, Ṛta is described as that which is ultimately responsible for the proper functioning of the natural, moral and sacrificial orders. Conceptually, it is closely allied to the injunctions and ordinances thought to uphold it, collectively referred to as Dharma, and the action of the individual in relation to those ordinances, referred to as Karma – two terms which eventually eclipsed Ṛta in importance as signifying natural, religious and moral order in later Hinduism. Sanskrit scholar Maurice Bloomfield referred to Ṛta as "one of the most important religious conceptions of the "Rigveda", going on to note that, "from the point of view of the history of religious ideas we may, in fact we must, begin the history of Hindu religion at least with the history of this conception".

Etymology
its Avestan equivalent  (Asha "Truth") properly joined, right, true", from a presumed root *.
The derivative noun ṛta is defined as "fixed or settled order, rule, divine law or truth".

In proper names
Ṛta- or arta- sometimes appears as an element in Vedic and Indic personal names, as with Iranian.

In India the vocalic 'ṛ' of Sanskrit is transformed into the modern 'ri', or in South India, 'ru'.  Indian names include:
 Rita
 Ruta 
 Ritambhar
 Ritik 
 Ritwik
 Ritesh

See also
Arthaśāstra
Asha (Zoroastrianism)
Darna (Romuva)
Logos
Ma'at (Egyptian religion)
Me (Sumerian religion)
Moira (Greek paganism)
Tao (Chinese Taoism)
Wyrd (Germanic paganism)
Rod-Rodzanice or Prav (Slavic paganism)

Notes

References

Sources

 
Ara, Mitra (2008). Eschatology in the Indo-Iranian Traditions: The Genesis and Transformation of a Doctrine. New York: Peter Lang. .
Bilimoria, P., Prabhu, J. & Sharma, R. (Eds.) (2007). Indian Ethics: Classical Traditions and Contemporary Challenges, Vol. 1. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. .
Bloomfield, Maurice (1908). The Religion of the Veda: The Ancient Religion of India, from Rig-Veda to Upanishads. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
Brown, W. N. (1992). "Some Ethical Concepts for the Modern World from Hindu and Indian Buddhist Tradition" in: Radhakrishnan, S. (Ed.) Rabindranath Tagore: A Centenary Volume 1861–1961. Calcutta: Sahitya Akademi. .
Davis, Winston (1990). "Natural Law and Natural Right: The Role of Myth in the Discourses of Exchange and Community" in: Reynolds, F. E. & Tracy, D. (Eds.) Myth and Philosophy. Albany: State University of New York Press. .
Day, Terence P. (1982). The Conception of Punishment in Early Indian Literature. Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. .

Hindu philosophical concepts
Hinduism
The Polytechnic Institute of Paris (French: Institut polytechnique de Paris) is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. 

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
 Ingénieur IP Paris (IP Paris Graduate engineer Masters level program)
 Masters Recherche & Doctorat (PhD doctorate studies )
 Mastères Spécialisés (MS)
 Massive Online Open Course

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at Institut polytechnique de Paris.

Most of the 6900 graduate engineer students at Institut polytechnique de Paris live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.

Research labs 
Research activities at Institut polytechnique de Paris relate to the following topics:
 Energy and Climate
 Digital
 Safety
 Technologies
 Health.

References

Further reading 

 Official website

Technical colleges and universities in Paris
2019 establishments in Europe
2010s establishments in France
Eleni is the 1985 movie adaptation of the memoir Eleni by Greek-American journalist Nicholas Gage. Directed by Peter Yates with a screenplay by Steve Tesich, the movie stars John Malkovich, Kate Nelligan, Linda Hunt and Glenne Headly.

Plot
The movie is told in a flashback format with Gage, now living in the United States, returning to his native Greece to solve the mystery of his mother's death when he was a child. The movie looks back to the effect of the 1940s Greek Civil War on the remote Greek village of his upbringing in the northwestern Greek region of Epirus; and he investigates what happened to his mother after Communist guerrillas of the
Democratic Army of Greece (ΔΣΕ) invade the village of Lia.

Cast
Kate Nelligan as Eleni Gatzoyiannis
John Malkovich as Nicholas Gage
Linda Hunt as Katina
Oliver Cotton as Katis
Ronald Pickup as Spiro Skevis
Rosalie Crutchley as Grandmother
Glenne Headly as Joan Gage
Dimitra Arliss as Ana

Related pages
Communist Party of Greece

References

Other websites

English-language movies
American war movies
American drama movies
Movies set in Greece
Movies set in the United States
Warner Bros. movies
1980s war movies
1985 drama movies
Movies directed by Peter Yates
Russell Square is a London Underground station facing Russell Square on Bernard Street, Bloomsbury, in the London Borough of Camden. The station is on the Piccadilly line, between Holborn and King's Cross St Pancras on tube maps.

Russell Square Station is very close to the British Museum, the University of London's main building, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Russell Square Gardens and the Brunswick Centre.

The station was designed by Leslie Green and is of the modern style.

2005 London bombings

On 7 July 2005, in a organised bomb attack, an explosion in a train going between King's Cross St. Pancras and Russell Square caused the deaths of 26 people.

A memorial to the victims, similar to the one at King's Cross St Pancras tube station, is located at the station.

In movies
The station was used as the place for the horror movie Death Line, which had actors like Donald Pleasence, Christopher Lee and Clive Swift in.

References 

Rail transport stations in London fare zone 1
Grade II listed railway stations
1906 establishments in the United Kingdom
Tube stations in the London Borough of Camden
Piccadilly line stations
Night of the Auk is a 1956 Broadway drama in three acts written by Arch Oboler. It is a science fiction drama about space travelers returning to Earth after the first Moon landing. The play was based on Oboler's radio play Rocket from Manhattan. Night of the Auk was published as a book in 1958.

References

Plays
Archibald MacLeish (May 7, 1892 – April 20, 1982) was an American poet and writer. He worked for Fortune from 1929 to 1938. For five years, MacLeish was the ninth Librarian of Congress, nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. From 1949 to 1962, he was a professor at Harvard University. He was awarded three Pulitzer Prizes for his work.

References

1892 births
1982 deaths
Pulitzer Prize winners
American poets
American essayists
Writers from Illinois
Politicians from Illinois
US Democratic Party politicians
John Robinson Jeffers (January 10, 1887 – January 20, 1962) was an American poet. He was known for his work about the central California coast. His works were about the environmental movement.

References

Other websites
Western American Literature Journal: Robinson Jeffers
 The Robinson Jeffers Association
Robinson Jeffers from The Poetry Foundation site
 Robinson Jeffers at the Academy of American Poets.
 Robinson Jeffers bio at Modern American Poetry

1887 births
1962 deaths
American poets
American environmentalists
Writers from Pennsylvania
Delta Air Lines Flight 89 was a planned flight from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG). On January 14, 2020, the Boeing 777-232ER (registered N860DA) had engine problems after taking off. While returning to the airport, the plane dumped fuel over homes and schools. This made 56 people injured.

Aircraft
The incident aircraft, N860DA, is a Boeing 777 which flies for Delta Air Lines.

Flight
On January 14, 2020, the aircraft took off at 11:32 a.m. After a few minutes, the pilots told air traffic control they had a compressor stall in their right engine. The pilots said they did not need to dump fuel.

While flying over Los Angeles, the plane dumped fuel. Many schools were hit by this fuel, including Park Avenue Elementary School. Students in Park Avenue were covered in jet fuel.

Afterward
First responders helped students and staff at schools. At least 56 children and adults had injuries to their skin and lungs.

The aircraft started more flights on January 24. On October 4, it was retired with all Delta Air Line's Boeing 777's.

References

Aviation disasters in the United States
2020 in the United States
January 2020 events
Medea (, Mēdeia) is an ancient Greek tragedy written by Euripides. It is based on the myth of Jason and Medea and first produced in 431 BC. 

It is about Medea, a former princess of the kingdom of Colchis, and the wife of Jason; she finds her role in the Greek world threatened as Jason leaves her for a Greek princess of Corinth. Medea takes revenge on Jason by murdering Jason's new wife as well as her own children, after which she escapes to Athens to start a new life.

The play holds the American Theatre Wing's Tony Award record for most wins for the same female lead character, with Judith Anderson winning in 1948, Zoe Caldwell in 1982, and Diana Rigg in 1994.

References

Plays
Becket or The Honour of God () is a 1959 play written in French by Jean Anouilh. It is about the fight between Thomas Becket and King Henry II of England leading to Becket's assassination in 1170. It is known for having many incorrect historical facts, something which Anoulih said.

The play was first performed in the original French at the Théâtre Montparnasse-Gaston Baty in Paris on 8 October 1959 and in an English version on Broadway in 1960.

References

Plays
The Evening Standard Theatre Awards, created in 1955, are the oldest theatrical awards ceremony in the United Kingdom. They are presented every year for outstanding achievements in London Theatre. It is organised by the Evening Standard newspaper.

References

Awards
The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui (), known "A parable play", is a 1941 play by the German playwright Bertolt Brecht. It is about the rise of Arturo Ui, a fictional 1930s Chicago mobster, and his attempts to control the cauliflower racket by killing his business enemies. The play is an satirical allegory of the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party.

References

Other websites
 , BBC 1972 version with Nicol Williamson and Jill Townsend
Photos and production details for 1960s Leonard Rossiter theatre adaptation

Plays
The Royal Hunt of the Sun is a 1964 play by Peter Shaffer that is about the connection of two worlds entering in a conflict by connecting them to two characters: Atahuallpa Inca and Francisco Pizarro.

The Royal Hunt of the Sun was first presented at the Chichester Festival by the National Theatre and subsequently at the Old Vic in July 1964. It was directed by John Dexter and designed by Michael Annals with music composed by Marc Wilkinson and movement by Claude Chagrin.

References

Plays
Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux (; 29 October 1882 – 31 January 1944) was a French novelist, essayist, diplomat and playwright.

Theatre works
 Siegfried (1928, premiere at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées)
 Amphitryon 38 (1929 premiere, Comédie des Champs-Élysées)
 Judith (1931, Théâtre Pigalle)
 The Enchanted  (1933, Comédie des Champs-Élysées)
 Tessa (1934, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 Supplément au voyage de Cook (1935, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 The Trojan War Will Not Take Place (1935, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 Electra (1937, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 L'Impromptu de Paris (1937, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 Song of Songs (1938, Comédie-Française)
 Ondine  (1939, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 The Apollo of Bellac (1942, Teatro Municipal (Rio de Janeiro))
 Sodom and Gomorrah (1943, Théâtre Hébertot)
 The Madwoman of Chaillot (1945, Théâtre de l'Athénée)
 Duel of Angels (Pour Lucrèce) (1953, Théâtre Marigny)
 Les Gracques (unfinished; published 1958)

References

1882 births
1944 deaths
French playwrights
French novelists
French essayists
French diplomats
Amphitryon 38  is a play written in 1929 by the French dramatist Jean Giraudoux.

Amphitryon 38 was translated into English in 1938 by S. N. Behrman in 1964 by Phyllis La Farge and Peter H. Judd and in 1967 by Roger Gellert.

Amphitryon 38 was first performed on 8 November 1929 in Paris at the Comedie des Champs-Elysees.

References

Plays
Danton's Death (Dantons Tod) was the first play written by Georg Büchner, set during the French Revolution.

The play is about the story of Georges Danton, a leader of the French Revolution. Georges Danton created the office of the Revolutionary Tribunal as a strong arm for the Revolutionary Government.

References

Bibliography
 Georg Büchner: Sämtliche Werke und Schriften. Bd. 3 in 4 Teilbänden. Danton’s Tod. Marburger Ausgabe. Hrsg. v. Burghard Dedner und Thomas Michael Mayer. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2000. 
 Georg Büchner: Werke und Briefe. Münchener Ausgabe. Hrsg. v. Karl Pörnbacher, Gerhard Schaub, Hans-Joachim Simm, Edda Ziegler. 8. Auflage. Hanser, München 2001, S.67–133. 
 Georg Büchner: Schriften und Briefe. Dokumente. Hrsg. v. Henri Poschmann unter Mitarb. v. Rosemarie Poschmann. Bd. 1. Bibliothek Deutscher Klassiker. Bd 84. Deutscher Klassiker Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1992, S.11–90. 
 Gerhard P. Knapp: Georg Büchner. 3. Auflage. Metzler, Stuttgart 2000. 
 Georg Büchner: Dantons Tod. Ausgabe mit Materialien, ausgewählt von Ulrich Staiger. Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 2007. 

Plays
Long Day's Journey into Night is a tragedy play in four acts written by American playwright Eugene O'Neill in 1941–42, first published in 1956. The play is seen to be his best work and one of the best American plays of the 20th century. 

O'Neill posthumously won the 1957 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Long Day's Journey into Night.

References

Plays
The Good Doctor is a comedy with music written by Neil Simon. It is multiple short plays, based on short stories and other works of Russian writer Anton Chekhov.

The Good Doctor opened on Broadway at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre on November 27, 1973, and closed on May 25, 1974, after 208 performances and eight previews. It starred René Auberjonois, Barnard Hughes, Marsha Mason, Christopher Plummer, and Frances Sternhagen.

References

Plays
After the Fall is a play by the American dramatist Arthur Miller.

The play premiered on Broadway at the ANTA Washington Square Theatre on January 23, 1964, and closed on May 29, 1964 after 208 performances. It was directed by Elia Kazan and starred Barbara Loden as Maggie and Jason Robards Jr. as Quentin, along with Ralph Meeker as Mickey, Salome Jens as Holga, and Faye Dunaway as Nurse.

References

Plays
Caesar and Cleopatra is a play written in 1898 by George Bernard Shaw that is a fictionalized relationship between Julius Caesar and Cleopatra. It was first published with Captain Brassbound's Conversion and The Devil's Disciple in Shaw's 1901 collection Three Plays for Puritans. 

It was first performed in a single staged reading at Newcastle upon Tyne on 15 March 1899. It was later shown in New York in 1906 and in London at the Savoy Theatre in 1907.

Other websites
 Three Plays for Puritans: The Devil's Disciple, Cæsar and Cleopatra, & Captain Brassbound's Conversion, a digitized copy of the first edition from Internet Archive.
 Caesar and Cleopatra, including the alternative prologues.

Plays
Edward Arnold Chapman (16 November 1914 – 11 December 1997) was an English criminal and wartime spy. During the Second World War he offered his services to Nazi Germany as a spy and soon became a British double agent. 

His British Secret Service handlers codenamed him Agent Zigzag.

Other websites
 WHERE THE RABBIT IS LIKELY TO PASS US Defence Intelligence Agency uses Eddie Chapman case as an example] by A Denis Clift, President Joint Military Intelligence College Harvard University 15 January 2002
 Obituary Eddie Chapman – The Telegraph 1997
 Double Agent: The Eddie Chapman Story at bbc.co.uk, first broadcast 15 November 2011

1914 births
1997 deaths
English criminals
Spies
The Night of the Generals is a 1967 World War II mystery movie directed by Anatole Litvak and produced by Sam Spiegel. It stars Peter O'Toole, Omar Sharif, Tom Courtenay, Donald Pleasence, Joanna Pettet and Philippe Noiret. It was loosely based on the beginning of the novel of the same name by German author Hans Hellmut Kirst.

References

1967 movies
1960s mystery movies
1960s war movies
British mystery movies
British war movies
French movies
American mystery movies
American war movies
World War II movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Anatole Litvak
Doctor Dolittle (also known as Dr. Dolittle) is a 1967 American musical comedy movie directed by Richard Fleischer and starring Rex Harrison, Samantha Eggar, Anthony Newley, and Richard Attenborough. 

It was based on Leslie Bricusse from the novel series by Hugh Lofting.

References

1967 comedy movies
1960s musical movies
American musical comedy movies
Movies directed by Richard Fleischer
Nobody Runs Forever, also called The High Commissioner, is a 1968 political neo noir spy thriller movie directed by Ralph Thomas. It is based on Jon Cleary's 1966 novel The High Commissioner. It stars Rod Taylor as Australian policeman Scobie Malone and Christopher Plummer as the Australian High Commissioner.

In August 1966 Cleary said Frank Sinatra was interested in buying the movie rights.

References

Australian movies
1960s spy movies
1968 thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Ralph Thomas
Battle of Britain is a 1969 British Second World War movie directed by Guy Hamilton, and produced by Harry Saltzman and S. Benjamin Fisz. The movie is about the Battle of Britain. 

It stars Laurence Olivier as Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding, Trevor Howard as Air Vice-Marshal Keith Park, and Patrick Wymark as Air Vice-Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallory, Air Officer commanding No. 12 Group RAF. It also starred Michael Caine, Christopher Plummer and Robert Shaw as Squadron Leaders.

References

1969 movies
1960s war movies
British war movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Guy Hamilton
Jennifer Denise Carroll Foy (born September 25, 1981) is an American lawyer and politician. She served as the Virginia state delegate for the 2nd house district. She resigned to run for governor of Virginia in the 2021 election She lost in the Democratic primary behind Terry McAuliffe.

Early life and education
Jennifer Carroll Foy was born in Petersburg, Virginia. She graduated from Petersburg High School.

Career
After graduating from the Thomas Jefferson School of Law, Carroll Foy spent time teaching in Los Angeles. She moved to Virginia and opened a private law practice for criminal defense.

In February 2017, Carroll Foy began running for the 2nd district seat in the 2017 election. In November 2017, Carroll Foy became delegate of Virginia's Second district.

2021 Virginia gubernatorial campaign
In 2020, Carroll Foy became a candidate for the Democratic Party in the 2021 Virginia gubernatorial election. She resigned from her state delegate seat on December 12, 2021. She lost when previous Governor Terry McAuliffe was chosen in the Democratic primary.

References

1981 births
Living people
Politicians from Virginia
Lawyers from Virginia
Aces High is a 1976 war movie starring Malcolm McDowell, Peter Firth, Christopher Plummer and Simon Ward. The movie is based on the 1928 play Journey's End by R. C. Sherriff. It was directed by Jack Gold and written by Howard Barker.

Other websites
 
 allmovie/synopsis

1976 movies
1970s war movies
British war movies
Movies based on plays
International Velvet is a 1978 British-American sports drama war movie and a sequel to the 1944 picture National Velvet starring Tatum O'Neal, Christopher Plummer, Anthony Hopkins and Nanette Newman. It was directed by Bryan Forbes.

References

1978 drama movies
1970s war movies
British drama movies
British war movies
American sports drama movies
American war movies
Movies directed by Bryan Forbes
Murder by Decree is a 1979 British-Canadian mystery thriller movie directed by Bob Clark. It is about Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson trying to solve the real life 1888 Whitechapel murders committed by "Jack the Ripper". Christopher Plummer plays Holmes and James Mason plays Watson.

References

1979 movies
1970s mystery movies
1979 thriller movies
British mystery movies
British thriller movies
Canadian mystery movies
Canadian thriller movies
Movies directed by Bob Clark
Somewhere in Time is a 1980 American romantic fantasy drama movie directed by Jeannot Szwarc. It is a movie version of the 1975 novel Bid Time Return by Richard Matheson, who also wrote the screenplay. The movie stars Christopher Reeve, Jane Seymour, and Christopher Plummer.

Cast

Reviews
Rotten Tomatoes gave the movie a 61% positive review; the rating average is 6 out of 10.

References

1980 drama movies
1980s romantic drama movies
1980s fantasy movies
American romantic drama movies
American fantasy movies
Christopher D'Olier Reeve (September 25, 1952 – October 10, 2004) was an American actor, director, and activist. He was best known for playing Superman in the 1978 movie of the same name and its three sequels. He was born in New York City. During his career, he won a BAFTA Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and a Grammy Award.

Reeve broke his neck when he was thrown from a horse during an equestrian competition in 1995. He became a quadriplegic (paralyzed). He was married to Dana Reeve.

Reeve died on October 10, 2004 in Mount Kisco, New York of cardiac arrest as an allergic reaction to his medicine, aged 52.

References

Other websites
 

Superman1952 births
2004 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Movie directors from New York City
American activists
American philanthropists
Actors from New York City
Writers from New York City
BAFTA Award winning actors
Grammy Award winners
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Dragnet is a 1987 American comedy movie, directed and co-written by Tom Mankiewicz. It is based on the radio and television crime drama of the same name. It stars Dan Aykroyd, Tom Hanks, Christopher Plummer, Harry Morgan, Alexandra Paul and Dabney Coleman.

References

1987 comedy movies
1980s buddy movies
American buddy movies
1980s American comedy movies
Wolf is a 1994 American romantic horror movie directed by Mike Nichols and starring Jack Nicholson, Michelle Pfeiffer, James Spader, Kate Nelligan, Richard Jenkins, Christopher Plummer, Eileen Atkins, David Hyde Pierce, and Om Puri. It was written by Jim Harrison, Wesley Strick, and Elaine May. The music was composed by Ennio Morricone.

The movie was released in June 1994. It made more than $131 million worldwide.

References

1994 romance movies
1994 comedy movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
1994 horror movies
American romantic comedy movies
American horror movies
Movies directed by Mike Nichols
Movies composed by Ennio Morricone
12 Monkeys is a 1995 American science fiction movie directed by Terry Gilliam. It stars Bruce Willis, Madeleine Stowe, and Brad Pitt, with Christopher Plummer and David Morse.

Pitt was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, and he won a Golden Globe Award for his performance.

References

1995 movies
1990s science fiction movies
American science fiction movies
Movies directed by Terry Gilliam
Nicholas Nickleby is a 2002 British-American period comedy-drama movie written and directed by Douglas McGrath. The screenplay is based on The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens. Charlie Hunnam stars as the main character with Nathan Lane, Jim Broadbent, Christopher Plummer, Jamie Bell,  Anne Hathaway, Alan Cumming, and Timothy Spall.

References

Other websites
 
 

2002 comedy-drama movies
British comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies based on books by Charles Dickens
Joyce Carol Vincent (19 October 1965 – December 2003) was an English woman whose death in her London bedsit flat went unnoticed for over two years.

Life
Vincent was born in Hammersmith, London. Her parents were from Grenada. Her father was of African background and her mother was of Indian background. She left her job in 2001 for unknown reasons. Shortly after, she moved to a shelter for victims of domestic violence. Around the same time, she cut off nearly all contact with her close family and friends. An investigator of Vincent's case said that she had been in a relationship that had a "history of domestic violence". It has been said that she may have been ashamed of being a domestic violence victim or did not want to be found by her abuser. In February 2003, Vincent moved into a bedsit flat above a shopping centre in Wood Green, north London. It was owned by the Metropolitan Housing Trust and was used for abuse victims.

Death
Vincent had asthma. For two days during November 2003, she was treated for a peptic ulcer at North Middlesex University Hospital. She died in her flat sometime in December 2003 at the age of 38. Her cause of death is unknown. It is thought she died from either an asthma attack or problems caused by her recent peptic ulcer.

Vincent's death went unnoticed for over two years. Neighbours believed the flat to be empty. The strong smell of Vincent's decomposing body were thought to be caused by bins close by. On 25 January 2006, bailiffs forced entry into the flat and found her body. A pathologist said that Vincent was "mostly skeletal" when she was found. Her body was found with a shopping bag and wrapped Christmas presents around her. The television and heating were still running due to debt forgiveness. Her bills were being paid through automatic debit.

In popular culture
A movie about her, Dreams of a Life (2011), was directed by Carol Morley. Actress Zawe Ashton played Vincent in the movie.

Steven Wilson's fourth solo studio album, Hand. Cannot. Erase. (2015), is inspired by Vincent.

Punk rock musician Alex Marshall was inspired to write a song about Vincent's life. His band later decided to change the song's title to "No One Knew" and used the song's original title, Miss Vincent, to name the band instead. The single was released in 2012.

References

Other websites
 

1965 births
2003 deaths
Missing people
People from London
Unexplained deaths
Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy movie based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name. It stars Diane Lane and John Cusack. The movie is about a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward. 

It was released on July 29, 2005 to negative reviews.

References

2005 romance movies
2005 comedy movies
2000s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies based on books
Warner Bros. movies
The New World is a 2005 historical romance drama movie written and directed by Terrence Malick. It is about the founding of the Jamestown, Virginia and the historical figures Captain John Smith, Pocahontas of the Powhatan tribe, and Englishman John Rolfe.

It stars Colin Farrell, Q'orianka Kilcher, Christopher Plummer, Christian Bale, August Schellenberg, Wes Studi, David Thewlis and Yorick van Wageningen.

References

2005 romance movies
2005 drama movies
2000s romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Inside Man is a 2006 American heist thriller movie directed by Spike Lee and written by Russell Gewirtz. It is about a bank heist on Wall Street. It stars Denzel Washington, Clive Owen, Jodie Foster, Christopher Plummer, Chiwetel Ejiofor and Willem Dafoe.

References

2006 movies
2000s thriller movies
American heist movies
American thriller movies
Movies directed by Spike Lee
The Lake House is a 2006 American fantasy romantic drama movie directed by Alejandro Agresti. It stars Keanu Reeves and Sandra Bullock with Christopher Plummer. It was written by David Auburn.

It is about an architect living in 2004 from Chicago and a doctor living in 2006 who meet through letters left in a mailbox at the lake house in Wisconsin where they have lived at separate points in time.

References

2006 romance movies
2006 drama movies
2000s romantic drama movies
2000s fantasy movies
American fantasy movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies shot in Chicago, Illinois
Movies set in Chicago, Illinois
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is a 2011 neo-noir psychological thriller movie based on the 2005 novel by Swedish writer Stieg Larsson.  It was directed by David Fincher. 

It is about journalist Mikael Blomkvist's investigation to find out what happened to a girl from a wealthy family who disappeared 40 years prior. He hires the help of Lisabeth Salander, a computer hacker.

References 

2011 movies
2011 thriller movies
2010s psychological movies
American thriller movies
2010s Swedish movies
Swedish thriller movies
British thriller movies
German thriller movies
2010s Norwegian movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by David Fincher
Boana beckeri is a frog that lives in Brazil in Minas Gerais.  It lives in at least one protected place: the Parque Estadual Nova Baden.

Humans are more likely to see this frog on rainy days.  The male frog climbs onto low plants and sings for the female frogs.

This frog's Latin name comes from scientist Johann Becker.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 Christmas biographical comedy drama movie directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne. It is based on the 2008 book of the same name about Charles Dickens by Les Standiford. It stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce. It is about Dickens (Stevens) as he creates and writes his 1843 classic A Christmas Carol.

It was released by Bleecker Street in the United States on 22 November 2017. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

References

2017 comedy-drama movies
Irish movies
Canadian comedy movies
Canadian drama movies
Christmas movies
Movies based on books
Omnibus was an American educational variety television series.

The series won more than 65 awards, including eight Emmy Awards (it was nominated for thirteen) and two Peabody Awards. The series is held at the Library of Congress.

References

CBS network shows
ABC network shows
NBC network shows
1950s American television series
1960s American television series
A Doll's House is a 1959 live telecast based on Henrik Ibsen's 1879 play A Doll's House directed by George Schaefer. It was broadcast on 15 November 1959.

Cast
 Julie Harris — Nora Helmer
 Christopher Plummer — Torvald Helmer
 Hume Cronyn — Nils Krogstad
 Eileen Heckart — Kristine Linde
 Jason Robards — Dr. Rank

References

1959 movies
American television movies
Movies directed by George Schaefer
A Doll's House (Danish; also translated as A Doll House) is a three-act play written by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. It premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 21 December 1879. The play is set in a Norwegian town circa 1879.

List of characters

Nora Helmer – wife of Torvald, mother of three, represents the 19th-century wife, but leaves her family at the end of the play.
Torvald Helmer – Nora's husband, a newly promoted bank manager, who loves his wife but their marriage does not make her happy.
Dr. Rank – a rich family friend. He is terminally ill.
Kristine Linde – Nora's old school friend, widowed, is looking for a job.
Nils Krogstad – an employee at Torvald's bank and single father.
The Children – Nora and Torvald's children: Ivar, Bobby and Emmy (in order of age).
Anne Marie – Nora's former nanny, who gave up her own daughter to "strangers" when she became, as she says, the only mother Nora knew.  She now cares for Nora's children.
Helene – the Helmers' maid
The Porter – delivers a Christmas tree to the Helmer household at the beginning of the play.

References

Plays
The Philadelphia Story is a 1939 American comic play by Philip Barry. It is about a socialite whose wedding plans are ruined by the arrival of her ex-husband and an attractive journalist.

Cast

 Lenore Lonergan as Dinah Lord
 Vera Allen as Margaret Lord
 Katharine Hepburn as Tracy Lord
 Dan Tobin as Alexander Lord
 Owen Coll as Thomas
 Forrest Orr as William Tracy
 Shirley Booth as Elizabeth Imbrie
 Van Heflin as Macauley Connor
 Frank Fenton as George Kittredge
 Joseph Cotten as C. K. Dexter Haven
 Nicholas Joy as Seth Lord
 Myrtle Tannahill as May
 Lorraine Bate as Elsie
 Hayden Rorke as Mac

References

Plays
The stone sheep is a subspecies of thinhorn sheep. Almost all stone sheep live in British Columbia in Canada.

Appearance

This sheep is larger than its relative, the Dall sheep.  The adult male stone sheep can weigh 180 to 220 lbs (82 to 100 kg).  The adult female sheep are smaller.  Unlike Dall sheep, stone sheep do not have bright white fur.  Instead, they are gray, brown, or black.  Lighter stone sheep are sometimes called Fannin sheep.  Some scientists think Fannin sheep are a separate subspecies of thinhorn sheep and other scientists do not.

Stone sheep have horns with different shapes, but female stone sheep have thinner horns than male stone sheep. The horns are darker in color than the horns of Dall sheep.

The face, backs of the legs and the rear end usually have white fur on them.  The tail is usually black with some black fur on the back.

Home

There are about 12,000 to 15,000 stone sheep in the world.  Most of them live in British Columbia in Canada.  They like to live on steep mountains.  They move around.  They go to low meadows to eat plants and then go back to high, rocky places where it is difficult for other animals to catch them.

History

Thinhorn sheep and snow sheep became two separate species around the time the last ice age ended, 10,000 to 18,000 years ago.  After that, the thinhorn sheep moved east and spread out.  The Dall sheep and stone sheep became separate subspecies some time after that.

References

Caprids
Mammals of North America
The World of David the Gnome, originally titled David, el Gnomo (also known as David, the Gnome), is a Spanish animated television series based on the children's book The Secret Book of Gnomes. Twenty-six episodes were produced. There was also a spin-off series entitled Wisdom of the Gnomes.

References

1985 television series debuts
1986 television series endings
Animated television series
David Patrick Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir,  (29 May 1900 – 27 January 1967), known as Sir David Maxwell Fyfe from 1942 to 1954 and as Viscount Kilmuir from 1954 to 1962, was a British Conservative politician, lawyer and judge. During his political career, he was the Solicitor General, Attorney General, Home Secretary and Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.

Bibliography
Obituaries:
The Times, 28 January 1967
The Guardian, 28 January 1967

Dutton, D. J. (2004)"Fyfe, David Patrick Maxwell, Earl of Kilmuir (1900–1967)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, accessed 4 Aug 2007 

Lord Kilmuir (1964) Political Adventure
 
Tusa, A. & Tusa, J. (1983) The Nuremberg Trial

1900 births
1967 deaths
Maxwell Fyfe, David
Maxwell Fyfe, David
Maxwell Fyfe, David
Maxwell Fyfe, David
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
British lawyers
British judges
Politicians from Edinburgh
Miracle Planet is a six-part documentary series, co-produced by Japan's NHK and the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). It was narrated by Christopher Plummer which tells the 4.6-billion-year-old story of how life has evolved and the diversity of living creatures.

Other websites
NFB Web site
Teaching guides at NFB Web site (PDF)
list of episodes.

2005 television series endings
2005 television series debuts
Canadian television series