cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jean Hurring (née Stewart, 23 December 1930 – 8 August 2020) was a New Zealand swimmer. She won a bronze medal in the 100 m backstroke at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Stewart was born in Dunedin, New Zealand.

Stewart died on 8 August 2020 in Auckland at the age of 89.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
New Zealand sportspeople
Swimmers
Olympic bronze medalists
Mark Philipp Wirtz (3 September 19437 August 2020) was a French pop music record producer, composer, singer, musician, author, and comedian. Wirtz was best known for the never-completed A Teenage Opera concept album. The first single from the planned album, "Excerpt from A Teenage Opera" by Keith West, was a number 2 hit on the UK Singles Chart in September 1967. He was born in Strasbourg, France.

Wirtz died of frontotemporal dementia on 7 August 2020, aged 76.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
French artists
French singers
French musicians
French comedians
French writers
French businesspeople
Record producers
Deaths from frontotemporal dementia
20th-century French composers
21st-century French composers
Stephen Fain Williams (September 23, 1936 – August 7, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit between 1986 until his death. He was nominated to the position by President Ronald Reagan. Williams was born in New York City.

Williams was hospitalized in Washington, D.C. in June 2020 with COVID-19. He died from the infection two months later on August 7, 2020 at the age of 83.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Lawyers from New York City
American judges
Politicians from New York City
US Republican Party politicians
Uni or UNI may refer to:

Education
 Uni, a commonly used abbreviation for university

Entertainment
Uni Records, a division of MCA, formally called Universal City Records
"U.N.I.", a song by Ed Sheeran from + (Plus)
Uni, a species in the Neopets Trading Card Game
Uni, a character in the anime Reborn!
Uni, a character in the television series Dungeons and Dragons

Geography
Uni (inhabited locality), name of several inhabited localities in Russia
UNI, the reporting mark of Unity Railways, a defunct Pennsylvania railroad
UNI, the MTR station code for University Station, Hong Kong

Other uses
Uni (letter), a glyph in Georgian scripts
Uni (mythology), the supreme goddess of Etruscan mythology
Uni (food), Japanese name for edible sea urchin gonads
uni-ball, brand of pens and pencils made by the Mitsubishi Pencil Company
In mathematics, the category of uniform spaces
Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione, an Italian technical standards organization
UNI global union, an international trade union federation
 UNI Panthers, an alternate name for the Northern Iowa Panthers, the athletic program of the University of Northern Iowa
United News of India, an Indian news agency
User–network interface, the junction from which a telecommunications service is connected between the service provider and the end user
UNI, fashion denotes unisex clothing
Uni, a uniformed police officer in law enforcement jargon
National Union of Independents (disambiguation), the name of several political parties
Uni, a fictional character in the Hyperdimension Neptunia Mk2 video game
Durham Castle is a Norman castle in the city of Durham, England. It is the former residence of the Bishop of Durham.  University College, Durham is there since 1837. 

Together with Durham Cathedral, the castle is a World Heritage Site in England since 1986. It is open to the general public to visit through guided tours.

History 
The construction of the Castle began in 1072. It follows the usual Norman style. It was built by order of William the Conqueror about six years after the Norman conquest of England, and soon after the Normans first came to the North. The building took place under the supervision of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria. Stone for the new buildings was cut from the cliffs below the walls and moved up using winches.

The Castle remained the bishop's palace for the Bishop of Durham until Auckland Castle became the bishops' residence in 1832. Durham Castle was donated to the University of Durham by Bishop William Van Mildert and later become the college. The college did not occupy the castle until 1837, renovations of the building was completed by the next Bishop, Edward Maltby.

Chapels 
The Norman Chapel is the oldest accessible part of the castle built in about 1078. Its architecture is Anglian in nature, possibly due to forced Anglian labour being used to build it. In the 15th century, its three windows were all but blocked up because of the expanded keep. It then fell into abandonment until 1841 when it was used as a corridor through which to access the keep. 

During the Second World War, it was used as a command and observation post for the Royal Air Force when its original use was recognised. 

The chapel was re-consecrated shortly after the war and is still used for weekly services by the college.

Tunstall's Chapel, named after Cuthbert Tunstall, was built in the 15th century and is used for worship within the college. It was modified in the 17th Century by Bishop Cosin.

References

Related pages 

 Durham Cathedral
 Norman conquest of England

Other websites 
 

Castles in England
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
Durham
Studley Royal Park (including the Ruins of Fountains Abbey) is a UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site in North Yorkshire, England. It has an area of 323 hectares (800 acres) and features an 18th-century landscaped garden, some of the largest Cistercian ruins in Europe, a Jacobean mansion, and a Victorian church designed by William Burges.

History

Fountains Abbey and Hall 
Fountains Abbey was founded in 1132 by Benedictine monks who left St Mary's Abbey, York to follow the Cistercian order. After the end of the monasteries in 1539 by Henry VIII, the Abbey buildings and over 500 acres (200 ha) of land were sold by the Crown to a merchant named Sir Richard Gresham. The property was passed down through several generations of Sir Gresham's family. Between 1598 and 1604, it was sold to Stephen Proctor, who built Fountains Hall. 
 

The hall is a Jacobean mansion, built partly with stone from the Abbey ruins. Fountains Abbey mill is the only 12th-century Cistercian cornmill left in the UK and the oldest 'intact' building on the estate.

Studley estate 
From 1452 onwards, Studley Royal was inhabited by the Mallory family, most notably by MPs John Mallory and William Mallory. John Aislabie inherited the Studley estate from his elder brother in 1693. In 1966 the estate was bought by West Riding County Council and was taken over by the National Trust  in 1983.

Studley Royal House 
Studley Royal House (or Hall) is in the north-west corner of the park. Originally a medieval manor house, it has a main block with forward projecting wings. It burned down in 1716 and was rebuilt by John Aislabie. The building was destroyed by fire in 1946. A large stable block, built between 1728 and 1732, survived and is now a private house ( 54° 7'30.55"N 1°34'34.82"W ).

Recent history 
In 1966, the estate was purchased by West Riding County Council and was acquired by the National Trust in 1983. The Abbey precinct is managed by English Heritage on behalf of the National Trust. 

In 1986 the entire Park was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It is considered “a masterpiece of human creative genius, and an outstanding example of a type of building or architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates significant stages in human history”.

Since 1994 the estate has been within the Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

References

Other websites 
 

Parks in the United Kingdom
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
North Yorkshire
Lake County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, 11,539 people live here. The county seat is Baldwin.

References

1870s establishments in Michigan
1871 establishments in the United States
Michigan counties
Leelanau County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, 21,708 people live here. The county seat is Leland.

1860s establishments in Michigan
1863 establishments in the United States
Michigan counties
Ferry to Hong Kong is a 1959 British adventure movie directed by Lewis Gilbert and starring Curt Jürgens, Sylvia Syms, Orson Welles, Jeremy Spenser. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites 
 
 
 

1959 movies
1950s adventure movies
British adventure movies
Movies directed by Lewis Gilbert
20th Century Fox movies
Date honey or Date syrup (in Arabic: Rub, in Hebrew: Silan) is a sweet syrup made from dates. It is very popular in North Africa and Middle East cuisines. In the Iranian cuisine and the Arab cuisine, it is also used to sweet Tahini.

Other websites 
 

Middle Eastern foods
Libya
Iraq
Palestinian culture
Israeli culture
Date dishes
Spreads
Natural resources
Halva (also known as halvah, halwa) is a solid candy based on vegetable fat and sugar.  There are many types of halva. In Israel, crude sesame base is popular. In Russia, halva made out of Sunflower seeds is popular.  

Halva has a number of geographical sources: from Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan, Iran, India, Uzbekistan, Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. It is considered a national dish in Turkey.

Types and preparation 
Sesame or Peanut - Made from raw tahini, mixed with sugar syrup and sometimes honey. The ingredients are mixed to form a solid, fatty lump, that easily melts in heat, break apart easily, and become easier to make. This is the most popular type of halva in Israel. It usually shows the marble lines made by mixing fat and sugar. In Bukhara, a Bukharan peanut halva called "Labaz" is made.

 Semolina - It is the most common type in Eastern countries, such as Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and India. It is based on wheat bran starches. The fat is added from another source: usually soybean oil, while the sweetness comes from syrup or honey. Indian semolina halva is called suji halva, a wheat flour halva called ata kahalva. In Iraq, halva is made from wheat flour and semolina. It is served with Iraqi pita before meal.

 Sunflower seeds - Its main source of fat is sunflower seeds. It is common in countries around Russia. They got their recipe from neighboring Turkey. The recipe is almost identical to sesame one.

 Goat cheese - It is common to make a halva from goat cheese in Lebanon and Greece. 

 Cornflour - In Saudi Arabia, halva is made from cornflour, butter, sugar, cardamom and saffron.

 Flour - In Bulgaria, Iraq and Iran, halva flour is also used as a substitute for semolina.

 Rice - In the area of the city of Shiraz in Iran, it is commonly prepared using cooked rice.

Other uses 
 Halva spread - It has almost liquid texture and high viscosity. Relatively light in dietary fiber. 

 Curly halva (also called: "halva hairs") is used to decorate traditional desserts in oriental cuisine.

 Halva mousse can be used for desserts or for cakes.

References 

Desserts
The Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd is a World Heritage Site recognised by UNESCO. It is located in Gwynedd, Wales. The site includes the castles of Beaumaris and Harlech. It also includes the castles and town walls of Caernarfon and Conwy. It is considered to be the "finest examples of late 13th century and early 14th century military architecture in Europe".

History 
For the 20th century, the castles and walls were mainly known for their military purpose. It is described as the "zenith of English castle-building" by  D. J. Cathcart King. It is because of the use of concentric defences, barbicans, and substantial gatehouses. Also, Sidney Toy considers them as "some of the most powerful castles of any age or country". 

In the late 20th and 21st centuries, historians such as Michael Prestwich and Abigail Wheatley both appreciate its roles as palaces and symbols of royal power.  

The location of the castles in Caernarfon and Conwy were chosen for their political significance and their military uses. The castles include luxury apartments and gardens. Caernarfon's castle and town walls had expensive stonework. They were perhaps made to suggest images of Arthurian or Roman imperial power. They are believed to have been made to improve Edward's personal prestige. 

The exact role of the royal architect James of St George in the construction is still being argued by many academics. The same with the influence of his native county of Savoy on the designs. However, the main sources indicate that he played a key role in its construction. They even described him as: “Magistro Jacobo de sancto Georgio, Magistro operacionum Regis in Wallia”. It means “Master James of Saint George, Master of the King’s Works in Wales.”

Recognition 
In 1986 sites were collectively announced a UNESCO World Heritage site. Together, they were called the Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd. 

UNESCO considered the sites to be the "finest examples of late 13th century and early 14th century military architecture in Europe". UNESCO also brings up the importance of their links to Edward I and James of St George, their scale and advanced military architecture, and their unusually good condition and historical documentation.

Maintenance costs 
The estimated costs to maintain the sites is around £239,500 during 2002–03.  "Buffer zones" have been established around the sites. They are aimed to protect the views and setting from inappropriate development or harm. The sites are protected by a mixture of UK Scheduled Monument, Listed Building and conservation area legislation.

References 

Castles in Wales
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct () is a canal aqueduct in north east Wales. It took 10 years to design and build. It was completed in 1805. It is the longest aqueduct in Great Britain, and is the highest canal aqueduct in the world. The 18-arched stone and cast iron structure is designed for narrowboats.

The aqueduct was part of a grand plan which was never completed. It was part of the proposed Ellesmere Canal. It would have been an industrial waterway which made a  link between the River Severn at Shrewsbury and the port of Liverpool on the River Mersey. 

The westerly high-ground route across the Vale of Llangollen was chosen. A less expensive route was surveyed to the east, but the route chosen would have taken the canal through a mineral-rich area. It would have taken the canal through the coalfields of North-East Wales. However, only parts of the canal route were completed. The plan fell through because the money ran out. The capitalist system at the time was primitive and unreliable. Most major work on the canal stopped after the completion of the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct in 1805.

The structure is a Grade I listed building. It is recognised as a  UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Name 
The name Pontcysyllte is Welsh for "Cysyllte Bridge", or "Bridge of Cysyllte". Cysyllte is the township of the old parish of Llangollen, where the southern end of the bridge lies.

World Heritage Site 
In 1999, the aqueduct and its surrounding lands were submitted to the "tentative list" of properties being considered for UNESCO World Heritage Site status.  The aqueduct was suggested as a contender in 2005, its 200th anniversary year. It was finally announced in 2006 that a larger proposal, which covers a section of the canal from the aqueduct to Horseshoe Falls would be the United Kingdom's 2008 nomination.

Parts of the site including the length of canal from Rhoswiel, Shropshire, to the Horseshoe Falls, Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, and Chirk Aqueduct were visited by inspectors from UNESCO in October 2008. It was carried out to analyse and confirm the site management and authenticity. The aqueduct was named by UNESCO on the World Heritage List on 27 June 2009.

Gallery

References

Further reading 

 Memories of Pontcysyllte by Amy Douglas and Fiona Collins (2006)
 Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal Nomination as a World Heritage Site: Nomination Document (Wrexham County Borough Council and the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, 2008)

Other websites 

 The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct website

Wales
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
The Presidential elections were held in Belarus on 9 August 2020.

Candidates 
These candidates appeared on the ballot:

 Alexander Lukashenko (incumbent, president of Belarus since 1994)
 Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, political activist and feminist
 Siarhei Cherachen	
 Hanna Kanapatskaya
 Andrey Dmitriev

Results 
It was announced that Lukashenko won the election, marking his 6th term as President of the Republic of Belarus. This was disputed by both national and international sources. The platform "Golos (voice)" created prior to the election allowed Belarusians to upload photographs of their voting papers. From the sample provided – over 1 million voters – it was proven impossible for former President Lukashenko to obtain the number of votes stated. 

Opposition candidate Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya declared herself as the national leader of the country and called on Lukashenko to start negotiations. Meanwhile, her campaign team stated that they were ready to hold "long-term protests" against the official results.

Many protests the election results. These events are still ongoing.

References

Belarus
August 2020 events
Politics of Belarus
Presidential elections
Blaenavon () is a town in southeastern Wales. It is on the south of Afon Lwyd and north of Pontypool. Parts of the town and surrounding country form the Blaenavon Industrial Landscape became part of the World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000. There are about 6,057 people living there.

History 
Blaenavon literally means "front of the river" or loosely translated as "river's source" in the Welsh language.

Government 
Blaenavon is a community represented by Blaenavon Town Council, and electoral ward of Torfaen County Borough Council. Blaenavon is often

twinned with Coutras in France.

Geography 
The town is near the source of the Afon Lwyd river. It is in the north of Cwmbran.

Landmarks 
Parts of the town and surrounding country form the Blaenavon Industrial Landscape were recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000. Some of the attractions in the town include: 

 Big Pit National Coal Museum 
 Blaenavon Ironworks  
 Pontypool and Blaenavon Railway 
 Blaenavon Male Voice Choir 
 Blaenavon Town Band

Education 
After Samuel Hopkins death in 1815, his sister Sarah Hopkins of Rugeley, erected Blaenavon Endowed School in his memory.

Religious sites 
St Peter's Church was constructed in 1804. It was gifted to the parish by Thomas Hill and Samuel Hopkins.

Sports 
It had a Blaenavon Golf Club which was founded in 1906. The club closed in 1937.

Notable people 
Some of the most notable people from Blaenavon are: 

 E. E. Clive - Broadway and film actor
 Dorothy Simpson - award-winning mystery writer
 Mark Taylor - international Rugby union player
 Ken Jones - international Rugby union player
 John Perkins - international Rugby union player
 Chris Huish - international Rugby union player
 Terry Cobner - international Rugby union player
 Nick Thomas-Symonds - elected MP for Torfaen (2015)

References

Other websites 

 Welsh Coal Mines - all the pits, all the histories
 Blaenavon Town Council
 

Towns in Wales
Zana may refer to:

Mythological figures
 Zână, a female mythological figure in Romanian mythology
 Zana (mythology), an Albanian mythological figure

Places
 Diana Veteranorum or Zana, an ancient Roman city in Algeria
 Zana, Burkina Faso, a village in Bam Province
 Zana, Ethiopia, a village near Shiraro in the Tigray Region
 Zana, Florida, a ghost town in Florida, U.S.
 Zana, Uganda, a neighborhood in Ssabagabo Municipality, Wakiso District
 Zana Khan District, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan
 Zaņa Parish, Latvia
 Zaña Valley, an archaeological area in northern Peru

People
 Leyla Zana (born 1961), Turkish Kurdish politician
 Zana Allée (born 1994), Kurdish-born French footballer
 Zana Briski (born 1966), photographer and filmmaker
 Zana Clarke (born 1965), Australian composer
 Zana Krasniqi (born 1988), beauty queen and fashion model
 Zana Marjanović (born 1983), Bosnian actress
 Zana Messia (born 1984), singer-songwriter from The Balkans
 Zana Muhsen (born 1965), English author
 Zana Nimani (born 1961), Yugoslav singer with the band Zana
 Zana Ramadani (born 1984), German politician and feminist activist
 Žana Novaković (born 1985), alpine skier for Bosnia and Herzegovina

Other uses
 Zana (movie)
 Zana (band), a Serbian music group
 Zambia News Agency or ZANA, the official Zambian news agency
 "Zana", an Abkhazian "wild-woman" believed by some people to have been a relict hominid; see Almas (cryptozoology)
Four Jills in a Jeep is a 1944 American musical comedy movie directed by William A. Seiter and starring Kay Francis, Carole Landis, Martha Raye, Mitzi Mayfair, Jimmy Dorsey, Alice Faye. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1944 movies
1940s musical movies
1940s comedy movies
American musical comedy movies
World War II movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by William A. Seiter
Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway (born 21 January 2004) is the elder child of Crown Prince Haakon and Crown Princess Mette-Marit. She is second in line to succeed her grandfather King Harald V. She is a member of the House of Glücksburg; and she is expected to become the country's second female monarch, after the 15th-century Queen Margaret.

Birth and baptism

Princess Ingrid Alexandra was born on 21 January 2004 at 9:13 am in The National Hospital, part of the Oslo University Hospital in Oslo. She is the first child and only daughter of Crown Prince Haakon, heir apparent to the throne, and the second granddaughter of King Harald V and Queen Sonja. Her mother, Crown Princess Mette-Marit, has a son named Marius Borg Høiby, born in 1997 from a previous relationship.

Ingrid Alexandra was baptised by Bishop Gunnar Stålsett in the chapel of the Royal Palace on 17 April 2004. Her godparents were her grandfather the King, her aunt Princess Märtha Louise, the Crown Prince of Denmark, the Crown Princess of Sweden, the then Prince of Asturias, and her maternal grandmother, Marit Tjessem.

On 31 August 2019, Ingrid Alexandra was confirmed in the Palace Chapel in Oslo.

Education 
Ingrid Alexandra started her first day of school on 19 August 2010 at Jansløkka elementary school, a local state school attended by her half-brother. School officials hoped to make the school a place where the princess could make friends and enjoy some relief from public scrutiny.

On 17 June 2014, the Norwegian Royal Family announced that from the start of the 2014–2015 school year, Princess Ingrid Alexandra would move to the private English-language Oslo International School, reportedly because her parents wanted her to be fluent in English.

Princess Ingrid Alexandra was transferred to Oslo's Uranienborg School to complete her lower secondary education. In the fall of 2020, she is scheduled to start at Elvebakken Upper Secondary School in Oslo.

References 

2004 births
Norwegian royalty
Living people
People from Oslo
Lottie Louise Riekehof (August 13, 1920 – August 6, 2020) was an American Sign Language interpreter and author. She was born in Germany. She was an important person in the field of professional sign language interpreting.

She wrote one of the first classes for interpreter educators, and trained interpreters and interpreter educators all over the world.

References

1920 births
2020 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
German writers
Educators from Virginia
Writers from Virginia
People from Arlington, Virginia
Alauddin Ali (24 December 1952 – 9 August 2020) was a Bangladeshi music composer. He won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Music Director five times for the movies Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978), Sundori (1979), Koshai (1980), Jogajog (1988) and Lakhe Ekta (1990). 

He won the Best Music Composer award for the movie Laal Doriya (2002) and the Best Lyrics award for Premik (1985).

Ali died on 9 August 2020 at a private hospital in Dhaka from lung cancer, aged 67.

References

1952 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Composers
Bangladeshi writers
Martin Birch (27 December 1948 – 9 August 2020) was a British music producer and sound engineer. He was well known for engineering and producing albums by British rock bands including Deep Purple, Rainbow, Fleetwood Mac, Whitesnake, Black Sabbath, Blue Öyster Cult, and Iron Maiden. He was born in Woking, Surrey.

Birch died on 9 August 2020, at age 71.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
Record producers
British engineers
British businesspeople
People from Woking
Brendan Halligan (5 July 1936 – 9 August 2020) was an Irish economist and politician. He was founder and president of the Institute of International and European Affairs (IIEA). He was president of the Ireland China Institute.

He was also a Board Member of Mainstream Renewable Power. He was General Secretary of the Labour Party, a Teachta Dála (TD), a Senator, and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). He was born in Dublin.

He died on 9 August 2020, aged 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Irish businesspeople
Economists
Former MEPs
People from Dublin
MEPs for Ireland
Kurt Luedtke (September 28, 1939August 9, 2020) was an American screenwriter and executive editor. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was known for working with Sydney Pollack on many movies.

He worked for the Detroit Free Press.  He wrote Out of Africa (1985), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.  He also wrote Absence of Malice (1981) and Random Hearts (1999).  

Luedtke died on August 9, 2020 at a hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan from multiple organ failure, aged 80.

References

Academy Award winning writers
1939 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in Michigan
American journalists
Screenwriters from Michigan
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
Writers from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Out of Africa is a 1985 American epic romantic drama movie directed and produced by Sydney Pollack. It stars Meryl Streep and Robert Redford. The movie is based on the 1937 autobiographical book Out of Africa written by Isak Dinesen, about her life in Kenya.

The movie also stars Michael Kitchen as Berkeley Cole, Malick Bowens as Farah, Stephen Kinyanjui as the Chief, Michael Gough as Lord Delamere, Suzanna Hamilton as Felicity, and the model and actress Iman as Mariammo. 

The movie had mixed reviews from critics. However, Out of Africa won seven Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director for Pollack.

Release dates

References

1985 romance movies
1985 drama movies
1980s romantic drama movies
Academy Award winning movies
American romantic drama movies
American epic movies
British romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Africa
Movies directed by Sydney Pollack
Klaus Maria Brandauer (; born Klaus Georg Steng; 22 June 1943) is an Austrian actor and director. He is also a professor at the Max Reinhardt Seminar. 

Brandauer is known for his roles in Mephisto (1981), Never Say Never Again (1983), Out of Africa (1985), Hanussen (1988), Burning Secret (1988), and Introducing Dorothy Dandridge (1999). 

Brandauer was nominated for an Academy Award and won a Golden Globe Award.

References

1943 births
Living people
Actors who played Bond villains
Austrian movie actors
Austrian stage actors
Austrian television actors
Austrian voice actors
Austrian movie directors
Austrian educators
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Litoria purpureolata   is a tree frog from the island of New Guinea.  Scientists have only found it in Papua Province in Indonesia and West Sepak Province in Papua New Guinea.

The adult male frog is 5.6–6.8 cm long, which is large for a frog in Nyctimystes or Litoria.  Unlike many tree frogs, it has only a small stripe down its side or no stripe at all.  It has green skin with some white on its front legs and rear legs.  It has a light brown arc on its ear.  Some of the webbing between its toes is purple in color.

References

Animals of Oceania
Frogs
Francisco Atenógenes Cárdenas Garza (born on July 16, 1879 in Abasolo, Nuevo León - died: July 3, 1943 in San Antonio, Texas) was a Mexican engineer and politician. He was Governor of Nuevo León. He later resigned before the end of his term.

Early life and education 
Francisco A. Cárdenas was born in Abasolo, Nuevo León, on July 16, 1879. His parents are José Dolores Cárdenas and Virginia Garza. He studied at the old Monterrey Civil College. He then graduated mining engineer from St. Mary's College in San Antonio, Texas. When he returned home, he dedicated himself to agriculture and livestock activities. His efforts got stopped by the outbreak of the revolutionary conflict in 1910.

Career 
Years later, Cárdenas began to show interest in politics. This led him to become mayor of his hometown. Later on, he became the deputy for the XLII Local Legislature. By September 16, 1929, he became second in command and reported to General Aarón Sáenz Garza.

Governor 
In mid-1931, he was elected the governor for Nuevo León from October 4, 1931 to October 4, 1935. However, he didn't complete the term as he resigned on December 27, 1933.

Governor Cárdenas had to overcome many challenges caused by the world recession in 1929. Among the issues include the fall in state's income as this forced the president to order that the salaries of public servants be reduced. Many reforms were made to the finance laws which caused the the property tax to increase in cities throughout the State. At the same time, taxes on salaries were created. Despite the economic difficulties, the industrial sector's growth did not slow down its growth. In fact, new factories were created.

University of Nuevo León 
Sensitive to the increasing demand for education at the professional level, he organized and led a general committee for the founding of the State University. The works began in February 1933. 

By May 31, the decree for founding University of Nuevo León was proclaimed. Its first headmaster was writer Héctor González.

Public Hospital 
He was also instrumental in the construction of the new Civil Hospital. Works began on May 3, 1933 on an area of about thirty hectares. He also setup the Central Board of Conciliation and Arbitration (1931); the founding of the Casa del Campesino (1932); the construction of the first highway from Nuevo Laredo to Monterrey, and the promulgation of a new General Law of Public Instruction.

Personal life 
Francisco A. Cárdenas resigned from his position on December 27, 1933. He led a private life after his retirement. He died in San Antonio, Texas, on July 3, 1943. His remains were buried in Panteón del Carmen, in Monterrey.

References 

 Autores varios. Los Gobernantes de Nuevo León, historia (1579 - 1989). México, D.F: J.R. FORTSON y CÍA., S.A. de C.V. Editores, 1990

1879 births
1943 deaths
Mexican politicians
Quorn is a village in Leicestershire, a county in the East Midlands region of England. It is situated near to the university town of Loughborough. The village's population in 2011 was 5,177.

The village was named Quorndon until 1899. The name was shortened to Quorn to avoid confusion in posting as the name was similar to the village of Quarndon in nearby Derbyshire.

Quorn is built around the old A6 road, it runs through the centre of the village. On 28 October 1991, a dual carriageway bypass opened. The building of this road took the A6 away to the north-east of the village.

Quorn, the famous meat substitute company, takes its name from the village. It began production in 1985.

The village has a heritage railway station, Quorn and Woodhouse, on the Great Central Steam Railway, a preserved railway that runs between Loughborough and Leicester. The station also serves the hamlet of Woodhouse.

Gordon Banks, former England international football goalkeeper, lived in Quorn for many years of his life.

Gallery

Civil parishes in Leicestershire
Villages in Leicestershire
ParaHoxozoa is a proposed group within taxonomy.  It would be a clade, above phylum but below a kingdom.  

It would include the Bilateria, the Placozoa and the Cnidarians.

Characteristics 
Parahoxozoa is named after the groups of genes that scientists found in the organisms in it: (sub)classes (HNF, CUT, PROS, ZF, CERS, K50, S50-PRD) and Hox/ParaHox-ANTP. Some scientists said they thought a similar gene, ANTP, the NK gene, and the Cdx Parahox gene were also in sponges in the phylum Porifera, but for now, Parahoxozoa does not have sponges in it.

Scientists are not sure where to put Placozoa.  They think it could be a sister clade to the other Parahoxozoa (the Planulozoa hypothesis) or sister of Cnidaria.

Planula-acoel, triploblasty, and bilaterian similarities 
The first bilateral organisms (the first living things that were symmetrical from side to side) were worms which lived on the bottom of bodies of water. This type of worm probably had only one opening in its body instead of both a mouth and an anus, as bilateral organisms do today. A through-gut may already have developed with the ctenophora. The through-gut, the tubelike digestive system with two ends, may have evolved when the organism's one hole closed in the middle. For example, Acoela look like the planula larvae of some cnidarians.

References 

Taxonomy
Bælum is a village in Denmark. It is 31 km from Aalborg. According to January 2020 census, there are 733 people living there. It is a part of Rebild Municipality.

It is 5 km northeast of Terndrup and 16 km north of Hadsund. There is a Bælum Church and Bælum Mill. There is a wind turbine and the motor house. They have been fully restored and are maintained by Bælum Møllelaug.

References 

Villages in Europe
Denmark
Actinidia is a genus of woody vines in the family Actinidiaceae. It is commercially important as many plants in this genus produce kiwifruits, which are eaten in many parts of the world. The most well-known species is Actinidia deliciosa, the common kiwifruit.

References 

Actinidiaceae
Lehigh University is an American private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer.

In 2020, U.S. News & World Report ranked Lehigh as the 50th best university in the nation.

References 

19th-century establishments in Pennsylvania
1865 establishments in the United States
Colleges and universities in Pennsylvania
The New School is an American private research university in New York City. It was founded in 1919 with an original mission as a home for progressive thinkers.

It is home to the Parsons School of Design, which is internationally recognized as one of the best schools for visual arts such as fashion, architecture, illustration, and photography. In 2020, QS World University Rankings listed Parsons as the 3rd best Art & Design program in the world.

References 

1910s establishments in New York (state)
1919 establishments in the United States
Colleges and universities in New York City
Jorge Rodriguez-Chomat (June 28, 1945 – August 19, 2017) was a Cuban-American politician and judge. He was a one-term member of the Florida House of Representatives for the Republican Party from 1994 until his defeat in 1998. 

He was a Judge of the Criminal and Family Divisions of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida from 2011 until his retirement in 2017.

Rodriguez-Chomat died on August 19, 2017 from prostate cancer in Miami, Florida at age 72.

References

1945 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
American judges
Lawyers from Miami, Florida
State legislators of the United States
Cuban politicians
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Politicians from Miami, Florida
People from Havana
US Republican Party politicians
The Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic (), usually referred to as Senate, is the upper chamber of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The seat of the Senate is Wallenstein Palace in Prague.

The Senate has 81 members, chosen in one-seat constituencies through the two-round system. If no candidate receives a majority of votes in the first round, there is a second round between the two highest-placed candidates. The term of office for Senators is six years.

The office was created in December 1992.

References

Czech Republic
The Parliament of the Czech Republic () or just Parliament () is the legislative body of the Czech Republic.

It is made up of two chambers, both elected in direct elections:
 the Lower House: Chamber of Deputies
 the Upper House: Senate

References

Czech Republic
Erich Gruenberg  (12 October 1924 – 7 August 2020) was an Austrian-born British violinist and teacher. He was a principal violinist of major orchestras in Stockholm and London. He taught at the Royal Academy of Music. He was born in Vienna.

Gruenberg died on 7 August 2020 at the Hampstead Garden Suburb in London at age 95.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
Austrian violinists
British violinists
British educators
Musicians from Vienna
Melinda Ruth Dillon (born October 13, 1939) is an American actress. 

She received a 1963 Tony Award nomination for her Broadway debut in the original production of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her roles as Jillian Guiler in Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) and Teresa in Absence of Malice (1981).

Her other movie roles include Bound for Glory (1976), F.I.S.T. (1978), A Christmas Story (1983), Harry and the Hendersons (1987), The Prince of Tides (1991) and Magnolia (1999).

References

Other websites

1939 births
Actors from Arkansas
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Living people
People from Hope, Arkansas
Hamilton is a 2020 American musical movie which is a live recording of  the 2015 Broadway musical. It was directed and produced by Thomas Kail and produced, written, and composed by Lin-Manuel Miranda.

Miranda also stars as first Treasury Secretary and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, along with the musical's original principal Broadway cast.

Hamilton was originally planned for theatrical release on October 15, 2021; however, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the movie had a digital worldwide release on Disney+ on July 3, 2020. The movie received strong critical reviews.

References

2020 movies
American musical movies
Disney+ movies
Barrow-upon-Soar, also known as Barrow-on-Soar or simply Barrow, is a large village in the north of Leicestershire in England. It is in the Borough of Charnwood. It is between Loughborough and the city of Leicester. In 2011, the village had a population of 5,856 people.

History 
It is famous for a plesiosaur that was dug out in the village in 1851. It was given the nickname "The Barrow Kipper". The skeleton was taken out from it is now being displayed at the New Walk Museum in Leicester. 

There is also a full-size replica at the Charnwood Museum in Loughborough. The village's football club, Barrow Town FC, has the skeleton on its logo. Barrow is also famous for its limestone working. There are streets in the village with names in reference to this.

Location
The River Soar runs through the village. The village is near the A6 road from Quorn.

Transport
The village has a small railway station located on the Ivanhoe Line from Burton upon Trent to Loughborough. Trains run from Monday-Saturday between Leicester and Lincoln, however some carry on to Sleaford.

Twin cities
Barrow-upon-Soar is twinned with:
 Marans, Charente-Maritime, France

Gallery

Villages in Leicestershire
Kartika Tamara Liotard (26 June 1971 – 1 August 2020) was a Dutch politician, anti-pornography feminist, and civil servant. She was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2004 to 2014. She was formerly a member of the Socialist Party. Liotard was vice-chair of the EUL–NGL group. She was born in Voorburg, South Holland, and studied law at Maastricht University.

Liotard died on 1 August 2020, aged 49.

References

Other websites
 European Parliament biography 
  Parlement.com biography

1971 births
2020 deaths
Anti-pornography activists
Dutch activists
Dutch civil servants
Dutch jurists
Dutch women politicians
Feminists
Former MEPs
Independent politicians in the Netherlands
MEPs for the Netherlands
Politicians from South Holland
Socialist Party (Netherlands) politicians
Isabelle Weingarten (18 April 1950 – 3 August 2020) was a French actress, model, and photographer. She was born in Paris. Her first movie role was in Four Nights of a Dreamer. 

She also starred in The Mother and the Whore in 1973. She began working for Cahiers du Cinéma in 1986. In 2008, she began studying the works of her father, Romain Weingarten, poet and playwright.

Wiengarten was married to Benjamin Baltimore from 1968 to 1978. She then married Wim Wenders, who she divorced in 1983. Lastly, she was married to Olivier Assayas until their divorce in 1996. 

Weingarten died on 3 August 2020 at the age of 70.

References

1950 births
2020 deaths
French movie actors
French television actors
French stage actors
French photographers
French models
Actors from Paris
Maggie Cheung Man-yuk (; born 20 September 1964) is a Hong Kong actress. 

She is known for her roles in As Tears Go By, Center Stage, Comrades: Almost a Love Story, Green Snake, The Soong Sisters, In the Mood for Love, and Clean.

In 1983, Cheung entered the Miss Hong Kong pageant and won the first runner-up and the Miss Photogenic award as well. She was a semi-finalist in the Miss World pageant the same year.

References

1964 births
Living people
Models
Actors from Hong Kong
Christian S. Monsod (born July 16, 1936) is a Filipino lawyer. He was Chairman of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC). He was one of the creators of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines. 

He is the founder and honorary chairman of the Legal Network for Truthful Elections (LENTE) and key activist of the National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL).

References

1936 births
Living people
Filipino politicians
Filipino lawyers
Political activists
Canadian syllabic writing, or simply syllabics, is an abugida and brahmic script created by a Christian missionary to write down the languages of some of the First Nations of Canada. This one alphabet later became many alphabets.

Each letter represents a syllable. The letters look like triangles and curves. Different languages have some different letters to represent the sounds in their own language best.

By the late 19th century the Cree had achieved what may have been one of the highest literacy rates in the world.

History 
James Evan was a Methodist missionary from England. He wanted to create an alphabet to teach the Cree and Ojibwe about Christianity. He got inspiration from the Devanagari alphabet from India.

Principles 
Every consonant has the same shape. For example, the syllables that start with a "p" sound look like a V. To show that they have different vowels, the shapes are rotated. So "pe" would look like ᐯ whole "pa" would be ᐸ.

Final consonants 
In some languages, words end in a final consonant, like the "t" in "cat." To show this, a small letter is added to the end of the word.

Diacritics 
In some languages, diacritics are added to indicate things like vowel length.

Languages

Blackfoot

Carrier

Cree

Inuktitut 
Syllabics is one of the official writing systems of Nunavut. That means that government forms in Inuktitut can be written either in the Latin alphabet (ABCs) or in syllabics.

Naskapi

Ojibwe

Slavey

References 

Writing systems
Canada
Bernardo P. Pardo (born February 11, 1932) is a Filipino politician and lawyer. Between 1995 to 1998, he was Chairman of the Commission on Elections. In 1998, President Joseph Estrada nominated him to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He retired in 2002.

Pardo was born in Manila. He studied at the University of Texas.

References

1932 births
Living people
Filipino judges
Filipino politicians
People from Manila
Sviatlana Hyeorhiyeuna Tsikhanouskaya{{efn|Some sources state her name as Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rolet |first1=Dacid |title=La Biélorussie accuse des `` mercenaires russes  de complot électoral |url=https://news-24.fr/la-bielorussie-accuse-des-mercenaires-russes-de-complot-electoral/ |website=News 24 |language=fr-FR |date=30 July 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809185305/https://news-24.fr/la-bielorussie-accuse-des-mercenaires-russes-de-complot-electoral/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> while others state it as Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, from the Russian version of her name.}} (, née Pilipchuk, Піліпчук, also trans.'' Svetlana Georgiyevna Tikhanovskaya, ; born 11 September 1982) is a Belarusian activist and politician. She was a presidential candidate in the 2020 Belarusian presidential election. She was born in Mikashevichy.

2020 presidential campaign

Her husband, Sergei Tikhanovsky is a YouTuber and ran for president in 2020. However he was arrested. After the arrest of her husband on 29 May, Tsikhanouskaya announced her intention to run in his place. Many people supported her campaign because the current president, Alexander Lukashenko has been seen as a dictator and very unpopular.

The night before the election, members of her campaign were arrested and some fled to Minsk.

Soon, she fled to Lithuania due to fear of imprisonment.

Notes

References

Other websites

 
 Facebook page of Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya

1982 births
Living people
Political activists
Belarusian politicians
The Naked and the Dead is a novel written by an American author named Norman Mailer. It was published in 1948. The novel was based on Mailer's experience as a cook while he was stationed in the Philippines. It is about the experiences about one platoon during World War II as they fight in the South Pacific.

It became very popular. It was turned into a film in 1958.

Plot 
The story takes place on the fictional island of Anopopei in the South Pacific and is about American soldiers trying to drive off the Japanese so that they can advance into the Philippines.

Part 1- Wave
Staff Sergeant Sam Croft, Woodrow Wilson, and Roy Gallagher are playing cards the night before a scheduled attack. They are members of a recon platoon fighting on Anopopei. The next morning, as the platoon takes boats to the island, they are nervous. Sgt. William Brown and Cpl. Stanley talk about women and the other men in their squad. The assault begins, and as the platoon waits for their turn to come to the island, they nervously joke among themselves. Once the squad reaches the beach, they dig foxholes. Stanley picks a fight with Oscar Ridges and Red Valsen, but ultimately Red knows the time is not right for a fight, and he backs down. Croft leaves to find his commanding officer. Once they’ve begun to settle in on the beach, the Japanese attack. The squad splits up. Cpl. Toglio, Hennessey, and Ridges have completed their foxholes, so they stay on the beach. Brown, Gallagher, Wilson, Red, Stanley, and Sgt. Julio Martinez run after Croft. As the beach is shelled, Hennessey panics and soils himself. He runs down the beach to try to clean his pants, but he is killed.

Part 2- Argil and Mold
Croft pleads with higher officers to give him more men to replace those lost. He ultimately earns an extra replacement man, bringing the squad up to fourteen. Roth and Goldstein, two of the new men in the platoon, become friends because they are both Jewish.

Part 3- Plant and Phantom

Part 4- Wake

Characters 
Hennessey is a newer member of the platoon. He is very cautious as to not get killed. When they arrive at the beach of Anopopei, he defecates in his pants out of fear. He has a mental breakdown and runs down the beach in hopes of getting new pants. He is killed soon after by shrapnel from an exploding mortar shell.

Writing

"Fug" 
The publisher would not let the word "fuck" be in the novel, so Mailer used the word "fug" to replace it.

References 

1948 books
Oliviu Gherman (26 April 1930 – 11 August 2020) was a Romanian physicist, politician, university professor and diplomat. He was a member of the Romanian Senate between 1990 through 2004. He was the Senate President between 1992 to 1996. Between 2001 to 2004, he was the Romanian Ambassador to France.

Gherman died on 11 August 2020 at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Romanian politicians
Physicists
Romanian educators
Ambassadors to France