cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The French National Museum of Natural History (Muséum national d'histoire naturelle) is the national natural history museum of France and a  part of Sorbonne Universities. 

The main museum is in Paris, on the left bank of the River Seine. It was founded in 1793 during the French Revolution, but was established earlier in 1635. The museum has 14 sites in France, with four in Paris. It includes the , which is one of the seven departments of the museum.

History
The museum was formally founded on 10 June 1793, during the French Revolution. Its origins lie in the  (royal garden of medicinal plants) created by King Louis XIII in 1635, which was directed and run by the royal physicians. The royal proclamation of the boy-king Louis XV on 31 March 1718 removed the purely medical function. This allowed the garden, the  (King's garden), to focus on natural history.

For much of the 18th century (1739–1788), the garden was under the direction of Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, one of the leading naturalists of the Enlightenment. It brought international fame and prestige to the establishment. The royal institution survived the French Revolution by being reorganized in 1793 as a republican  with twelve professorships of equal rank. Some of its early professors included eminent comparative anatomist Georges Cuvier and evolutionary pioneers Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck and Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. The museum's aims were to instruct the public, put together collections and conduct scientific research.

References 

Natural history museums
Museums in France
The coat of arms of Ghana was adopted on 4 March 1957 by Ghanaian artist Amon Kotei.

Ghana
Ghana
The emblem of the Italian Republic () was formally adopted by the newly formed Italian Republic on 5 May 1948. It is composed by a five-pointed star (white with thin red border), over a cogwheel, between olive tree (left) and oak branches, bounded by a red ribbon with the legend "REPVBBLICA ITALIANA".

Italy
Italy
The seal of Mauritania (, ) is based on the national flag of Mauritania, which was adopted on 1 April 1959. It has green and gold emblems. The green symbolizes Islam, the major religion in the nation, and the gold represents the sands of the Sahara desert. The crescent and star are also emblems of Islam. The edges read "Islamic Republic of Mauritania" in Arabic and French.

Mauritania
Mauritania
The flag of Palestine () is a horizontal tricolour of black, white, and green; with a red triangle based at the hoist.

Related pages
Flag of East Jerusalem

Palestine
Palestine
The coat of arms of Norway is a golden lion on a red background, bearing a golden crown and axe with silver blade (blazoned: Gules, a lion rampant Or, crowned Or, holding an axe Or with a blade argent).

Norway
Norway
Dixon County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 6,000 people lived there. The county seat is Ponca. It was founded in 1856.

1856 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
"Like a Virgin" is a 1984 dance-pop song from American singer Madonna. The song is from the singer's album of the same name. 

The song was Madonna's first #1 song in Canada, Australia, the United States and Japan. On the United States Billboard Hot 100, the song was at #1 for six weeks. It also hit the Top 10 elsewhere. 

"Like a Virgin" has been covered by a number of singers. Alexandra Stan covered the song in the 2010s.

Madonna's public character of a sexually shameless and supremely confident woman was widely accepted by younger generations.

References

Madonna songs
1984 songs
Thomas Reeve "Tom" Pickering (born November 5, 1931) is an American politician and writer. He was the 18th U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations from 1989 to 1992. He was born in Orange, New Jersey.

Pickering worked during the presidencies of Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton.

Pickering was the U.S. Ambassador to India, El Salvador, Israel, Jordan, Nigeria and Russia during his 27 diplomatic career.

References

Other websites

 Thomas Reeve Pickering (1931 - ) U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian
 Thomas R. Pickering at The American Academy of Diplomacy
 Charting the Future of U.S.-India Relations, June 2011 interview with Ambassador Thomas Pickering
 
 

1931 births
Living people
United States Ambassadors to the United Nations
Educators from New Jersey
American political writers
Politicians from New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
People from Orange, New Jersey
Ambassadors of the United States to Israel
Ambassadors of the United States to Russia
Nanny McPhee Returns (released in the United Kingdom as Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang) is a 2010 fantasy comedy family movie directed by Susanna White, produced by Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner and Lindsay Doran with music by James Newton Howard and co-produced by StudioCanal, Relativity Media, Working Title Films and Three Strange Angels. It is a sequel to the 2005 movie Nanny McPhee. It was adapted by Emma Thompson from Christianna Brand's Nurse Matilda books. Thompson reprises her role as Nanny McPhee, and the movie stars Maggie Gyllenhaal, Ralph Fiennes, Rhys Ifans, Ewan McGregor, Asa Butterfield and Maggie Smith. The movie was theatrically released on August 20, 2010 by Universal Pictures.

Release dates

Other websites 
 
 

2010 movies
2010s fantasy movies
English-language movies
American fantasy movies
British fantasy movies
Movies based on books
Sequel movies
Universal Pictures movies
The coat of arms of Slovakia has a red shield charged with a silver double cross standing on the middle peak of a dark blue mountain consisting of three peaks.

Slovakia
Slovakia
The coat of arms of Spain is seen on the Flag of Spain, it composed of six other coat of arms.
 The gold castle in a red background, which symbolizes Castile
 The red lion in white background, symbolising León
 The red and yellow stripes of Aragon
 The golden chains of Navarre
 The flower of Granada
 The fleur de lys of Bourbon

References

Spain
Spain
Dodge County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 36,691 people lived there. The county seat is Fremont. It was founded in 1855.

1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Dundy County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,008 people lived there. The county seat is Benkelman. It was founded in 1873.

Dundy County is on the borders with Colorado and Kansas.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Fillmore County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 5,890 people lived there. The county seat is Geneva. The county was founded in 1856 and named after Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (1850–1853).

1856 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Frontier County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,756 people lived there. The county seat is Stockville. It was founded in 1872.

1870s establishments in Nebraska
1872 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Furnas County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 4,959 people lived there. The county seat is Beaver City.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Gage County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 22,311 people lived there. The county seat is Beatrice. It was founded in 1855.

1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Jeanne Chesley Ashworth (July 1, 1938 – October 4, 2018) was an American speed skater. She was born in Burlington, Vermont. She  competed in the 1960 Winter Olympics, 1964 Winter Olympics and 1968 Winter Olympics. Ashworth competed in the first Olympic speed skating event for women. She won the bronze medal.

During the late 50's and 60's, when Ashworth was at the height of her career, she won 11 national championships.

Ashworth died of pancreatic cancer in Wilmington, New York on October 4, 2018, aged 80.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1938 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in New York
American Olympic bronze medalists
American track and field athletes
People from Burlington, Vermont
Sportspeople from Vermont
Wilmington is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. The population was 1,253 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Guru das Agrawal also known as Sant Swami Sanand,  Sant Swami Gyan Swaroop Sanand (20 July 1932 – 11 October 2018) was an Indian environmental engineer, religious leader, monk, environmentalist activist, and professor. He was the Patron of an NGO named Ganga Mahasabha founded by Madan Mohan Malviya in 1905. He was known for a number of hunger strikes to stop many projects on the River Ganga. His hunger strike in 2009 led to the damming of the Bhagirathi River being stopped. 

Agrawal died on 11 October 2018 from heart failure complicated from starvation, aged 87. He began the hunger strike on 22 June 2018, demanding the government act on its promises to clean and save river Ganga.

References

1932 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from starvation
Indian academics
Indian activists
Indian scientists
Environmentalists
Indian engineers
Political activists
Monks
A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood is a 2019 American biographical drama movie, directed by Marielle Heller and written by Micah Fitzerman-Blue and Noah Harpster. The movie stars Tom Hanks as Fred Rogers with Matthew Rhys as Tom Junod. Other stars include Susan Kelechi Watson and Chris Cooper.

The movie is about depressed journalist Tom Junod accepts an assignment to write an Esquire profile on Fred Rogers and Junod's views on life changed after his encounter with Mister Rogers.

Filming began in September 2018 in Pittsburgh. It was released on November 22, 2019 by TriStar Pictures. For his role as Mr. Rogers, Hanks was nominated for an Academy Award, Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and BAFTA Award.

Cast

 Tom Hanks as Fred Rogers
 Matthew Rhys as Lloyd Vogel (based on Tom Junod), a journalist
 Chris Cooper as Jerry Vogel, Lloyd's father
 Susan Kelechi Watson as Andrea Vogel, Lloyd's wife
 Enrico Colantoni as Bill Isler, president and CEO of The Fred Rogers Company
 Maryann Plunkett as Joanne Rogers, Fred's wife
 Tammy Blanchard as Lorraine, Lloyd's sister
 Wendy Makkena as Dorothy, Jerry's girlfriend
 Christine Lahti as Ellen, Lloyd's editor
 Carmen Cusack as Margy, a producer of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood
 Noah Harpster as Todd, Lorraine's husband
 Maddie Corman as Lady Aberlin, a character on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood

Related pages
 Won't You Be My Neighbor?

References

Other websites
 
 Can You Say...Hero?, Esquire Magazine, November 1998

2010s biographical movies
2019 drama movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
Movies set in the 1990s
English-language movies
Fred Rogers
Fountain Valley is a suburban city in Orange County, California. The population was 55,313 at the 2010 census. Fountain Valley is an upper middle-class residential area.

References 

Cities in California
Settlements in Orange County, California
Susan Kelechi Watson (born November 11, 1981) is an American actress. She is of Jamaican and Nigerian descent. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. Watson is known for her work on the television shows Louie and This Is Us.

References

Other websites
 

1981 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Brooklyn
Francis Gregory Stafford (February 9, 1948 – October 11, 2018), usually known as Greg Stafford, was an American game designer and publisher. He was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. He was known for his games White Bear and Red Moon, King of Dragon Pass, and HeroQuest.

Stafford died on October 11, 2018 in Arcata, California at the age of 70.

References

Other websites
 The Stafford Codex  - Stafford's personal website.
 Glorantha - Leading site on Stafford's universe Glorantha & current publisher of his main games.

1948 births
2018 deaths
Designers
Engineers from California
Publishers
People from Hartford, Connecticut
People from Berkeley, California
People from Waterbury, Connecticut
Arcata, originally Union Town or Union, is a city in Humboldt County, California, United States. At the 2010 census, Arcata's population was 17,231. Arcata, located  north of San Francisco.

References

Settlements in Humboldt County, California
Cities in California
Paul Andreu (10 July 1938 – 11 October 2018) was a French architect.  He was known for his designs of multiple airports.  He was most recently a professor of architecture at Zhejiang University and had a private practice. He was born in Caudéran (Gironde), in southwest France.

Andreau was known for his designs in Ninoy Aquino International Airport (Manila), Soekarno-Hatta International Airport (Jakarta), Shanghai Pudong International Airport in China, Abu Dhabi International Airport, Dubai International Airport, Cairo International Airport, Brunei International Airport, and the Charles de Gaulle Airport, and Orly Airport in Paris.

Andreau died on 11 October 2018 at the age of 80.

References

Other websites
www.paul-andreu.com Andreu's homepage 
BBC News: Profile: Paul Andreu
Official report of the enquiry commission 
Pictures and profile at Specifier Magazine

1938 births
2018 deaths
French architects
Soyuz MS-10 was a manned Soyuz spaceflight which aborted shortly after launch on 11 October 2018 in Russia. The mission lasted roughly 30 minutes before being aborted.

MS-10 was the 139th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft. It was planned to transport two members of the Expedition 57 crew to the International Space Station. A few minutes after liftoff, the craft went into contingency abort due to a booster failure and had to return to Earth. Both crew members, Roscosmos cosmonaut Aleksey Ovchinin and NASA astronaut Nick Hague, were recovered alive in good health. 

The MS-10 flight abort was the first instance of a manned booster accident at high altitude in 43 years, since Soyuz 18a similarly failed to achieve orbit in April 1975.

References

2018 in Russia
Spacecraft
October 2018 events
The ignition system is the system used to start a machine's engine, for example an internal combustion engine. Most ignition systems vary from one type of engine to another, for example jet engine or rocket engine.

Engineering
Aliko Dangote GCON (born 10 April 1957) is a Nigerian business magnate, investor, and owner of the Dangote Group, which has interests in commodities in Nigeria and other African countries. As of March 2018, he had an estimated net worth of US$14.1 billion. In November 2021, Sani Dangote, the Vice President (VP) of the Dangote Group and younger brother of Aliko Dangote, passed away.

References 

1957 births
Nigerian businesspeople
Billionaires
Living people
Garfield County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,049 people lived there. The county seat is Burwell. It was founded in 1884 and named after James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States.

1880s establishments in Nebraska
1884 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Gosper County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,044 people lived there. The county seat is Elwood. It was founded in 1873.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 614 people lived there. The county seat is Hyannis. It was founded in 1887 and named for Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States.

1887 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Greeley County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,538 people lived there. The county seat is Greeley. It was founded in 1871.

1871 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Hall County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 58,607 people lived there. The county seat is Grand Island. It was founded in 1858.

1850s establishments in Nebraska Territory
1858 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 9,124 people lived there. The county seat is Aurora. It was founded in 1867.

1867 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Harlan County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 3,423 people lived there. The county seat is Alma. It was founded in 1871.

1871 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Hayes County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 967 people lived there. The county seat is Hayes Center. It was created in 1877.

1877 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Hitchcock County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,908 people lived there. The county seat is Trenton. It was founded in 1873.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Hooker County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 736 people lived there. The county seat is Mullen. It was founded in 1889.

1889 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Howard County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 6,274 people lived there. The county seat is St. Paul. It was founded in 1871.

1871 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 7,547 people lived there. The county seat is Fairbury. It was founded in 1856 and named for Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States.

1856 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Johnson County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 5,217 people lived there. The county seat is Tecumseh. It was founded in 1855.

1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Kearney County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 6,489 people lived there. The county seat is Minden. It was founded in 1860.

1860 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Keith County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 8,368 people lived there. The county seat is Ogallala. It was founded in 1873.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Keya Paha County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 824 people lived there. The county seat is Springview. It was founded in 1884.

1880s establishments in Nebraska
1884 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Edirne (formerly Adrianople) is a city in the northwestern Turkish province of Edirne in the region of East Thrace, close to Turkey's borders with Greece and Bulgaria. In Greek, it is sometimes called Adrianoúpolis, in Bulgarian its name is Odrin. In 2019, about 185,408 People lived there, mostly Turkish people, Pomak, Crimean Tatars and Romanlar. Each year,  the Romanlar  hold the Kakava Festival, where they wait of Baba Fingo.  Edirne is on the Istanbul–Pythio railway, which links Istanbul to Sofia. With the Lausanne treaty of 1921, the border was  just outside Edirne, and until part of the track was rebuilt in the 1960s, the trains from Edirne to Istanbul passed over Greek territory.
 
From 1361 - 1453 Edirne was the capital city of the Ottoman Empire. Since that time, every year are hold the Oil-Wrestling Festival in Edirne. The muscular, athletic, circumcised Turkish wrestlers smear each other the whole Body with Olive oil before wrestling. ,

References

Cities in Turkey
The coat of arms of Serbia was adopted on 17 August 2004.

Blazon: The principal field stands for the Serbian State (Gules a double-headed eagle with wings displayed and inverted Argent, langued, beaked, legged and unguled Or, between two fleurs-de-lys of the third in base), while inescutcheon stands for Serbian Nation (Gules a cross Argent between four fire-steels of the same).

Serbia
Serbia
2004 establishments in Europe
Establishments in Serbia
The coat of arms of Croatia () consists of one main shield and five smaller shields that form a crown over the main shield. The main coat of arms is a checkerboard (chequy) that consists of 13 red and 12 silver (white) fields. It's also known in Croatian as šahovnica ("chessboard", from šah, "chess"). The five smaller shields represent five different historical regions within Croatia. It was adopted on 21 December 1990.

Croatia
Croatia
Establishments in Croatia
1990 establishments in Europe
Kimball County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 3,821 people lived there. The county seat is Kimball. It was founded in 1888.

1888 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Knox County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 8,701 people lived there. The county seat is Center. It was founded in 1857.

1857 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
X-Men: Days of Future Past is a 2014 superhero action thriller epic fantasy movie. It is based on the fictional Marvel Comics group named X-Men.

The movie is the seventh installment of the X-Men Cinematic Universe, is the sequel of X-Men: The Last Stand and is the fourth and, for now, last movie of the original X-Men quadrilogy.

The movie is on the Earth that has been ruled by sentient evil robots named Sentinels that torture and kills hundred of humans and mutants, Charles Xavier, the redeemed and repented Magneto and Shadowcat sends Wolverine 's conscience in the years 70' where he wakes up in his younger self and he teams up with a young Charles Xavier and a dangerous young Magneto to impeding to a young Mystique to kill Bolivar Trask as this act would create the post-apocalyptic future where they lives now and he must prevent that all of this can happen to cancell the horrible future.

Cast
Hugh Jackman as Logan Howlett / Wolverine
James McAvoy as teenager Charles Xavier
Patrick Stewart as Charles Xavier / Professor X
Michael Fassbender as teenager Erik Lehnsherr / Magneto
Ian McKellen as Erik Lehnsherr / Magneto
 Jennifer Lawrence as teenager Raven Darkholme / Mystique 
Halle Berry as Ororo Munroe / Storm
Anna Paquin as Marie / Rogue
Ellen Page as Kitty Pryde / Shadowcat
Evan Peters as Peter Maximoff / Quicksilver
Nicholas Hoult as teenager Hank McCoy / Beast
Kelsey Grammer as Hank McCoy / Beast (cameo)
Peter Dinklage as Bolivar Trask

Other cameos has been Famke Janssen and James Marsden that reprised their roles of Jean Grey and Scott Summers / Cyclops.

2014 action movies
X-Men movies
Alternate history movies
Apocalyptic movies
2010s superhero movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies composed by John Ottman
Movies directed by Bryan Singer
Movies produced by Lauren Shuler Donner
Movies produced by Simon Kinberg
Movies set in the 1970s
Screenplays by Simon Kinberg
Post-apocalyptic movies
Drone movies
Dystopian movies
Deadpool 2 is a 2018 superhero comedy drama movie based on the Marvel character Deadpool, distributed by 20th Century Fox.

It is the eleventh film of X-Men Cinematic Universe, the direct sequel of Deadpool (2016) and the second movie of Deadpool franchise.

Plot
Deadpool made a group named X-Force to save the young mutant Russell from the future mutant soldier Cable that has come from the future to kill him.

Cast
Ryan Reynolds as Wade Wilson / Deadpool
Josh Brolin as Nathan Summers / Cable
Zazie Beetz as Neena Thurman / Domino
Morena Baccarin as Vanessa Carlysle
Julian Dennison as Russell Collins / Firefist
TJ. Miller as Weasel
Stefan Kapicic (voice and motion capture face) and André Tricoteux (motion capture on set) as Pietr Rasputin / Colossus
Brianna Hildebrand as Ellie Phimister / Teenage Mutate Warhead
Shioli Kutsuna as Yukio
Leslie Uggams as Blind Al
Karan Soni as Dopinder
David Leitch (motion capture) and Ryan Reynolds (voice and motion capture face) as Cain Marko / Juggernaut
Eddie Maran as The Headmaster
Terry Crews as Bedlam
Lewis Tan as Shatterstar
Bill Skarsgard as Zeitgeist
Rob Delaney as Peter
Brad Pitt as Vanisher

Sequel
A sequel titled Deadpool 3 is in development by Marvel. Reynolds, Baccarin and Brolin will reprise their roles.

Trivia

20th Century Fox movies
American sequel movies
2010s action movies
2010s black comedy movies
2010s sequel movies
2010s superhero movies
American action comedy movies
American black comedy movies
Cancer in movies
Movies about revenge
Movies composed by Tyler Bates
Movies produced by Lauren Shuler Donner
Movies produced by Simon Kinberg
Screenplays by Paul Wernick
Screenplays by Rhett Reese
Self-reflexive movies
Deadpool movies
X-Men (movie series)
Movies set in 2018
American superhero movies
In log-log graphs, both x-axis and y-axis have logarithmic scales instead of linear scales. Log-log graphs have applications in many disciplines for data representation and analysis.

References 

Logorithms
7aum Arivu (pronunciation: Ēḻām aṟivu) (English: Seventh Sense) is a 2011 Indian science fiction-martial arts film written and directed by AR Murugadoss, featuring Suriya and Shruti Haasan in the lead roles and Johnny Tri Nguyen as the main antagonist. The film, produced by Udhayanidhi Stalin began production in May 2010 and was released on 25 October 2011 in Chennai and a day later, on Diwali, worldwide. The visual effects for the film were done by US based Legacy effects, making this their second Indian film after Enthiran.
7aum Arivu received mixed critical response upon release, and opened strongly at the box office. It was also dubbed into Telugu as 7th Sense which released simultaneously along with the Tamil original. The film was also dubbed in Hindi as Chennai v/s China in 2014 as well as in Malayalam with the original title. The film was also one out of several films selected by the South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce for being the Indian submission for Oscar under the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

Cast
 Suriya as Bodhidharma and Aravind
 Shruti Haasan as Subha Srinivasan (Sudha in Hindi dubbed version)
 Johnny Tri Nguyen as Dong Lee
 Guinness Pakru as Aravind's friend
 Ashwin Kakumanu as Ashwin
 Saahil Chitkara as Imran Saahil
 Dhanya Balakrishna as Malathi
 Misha Ghoshal as Nisha
 Ilavarasu as Aravind's uncle
 Abhinaya as Bodhidharma's wife
 Urmila Unni as Queen
 Mousumi Saha as Srinivasan's Mother
 Avinash
 Azhagam Perumal in a guest appearance

Box office
7aum Arivu had a strong opening on 25 October, a day prior to Diwali. The film had a huge six-day opening weekend worldwide. In Chennai alone, the film grossed 90 million in its lifetime. Indian film trades considered 7aum Arivu a commercial success, despite a high budget and distribution price.

References

2011 movies
Tamil-language movies
Indian movies
Action movies
A nomogram, alignment chart or abaque is a graph for calculation. It is a two-dimensional diagram which gives a computation of a mathematical function. 

The field of nomography was invented in 1884 by the French engineer Philbert Maurice d’Ocagne (18621938). It was used for many years to provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas. Nomograms use a parallel coordinate system invented by d'Ocagne rather than standard Cartesian coordinates.

A nomogram consists of a set of n scales, one for each variable in an equation. Knowing the values of n-1 variables, the value of the unknown variable can be found, or by fixing the values of some variables, the relationship between the unfixed ones can be studied. 

The result is got by laying a straightedge across the known values on the scales and reading the unknown value from where it crosses the scale for that variable. The virtual or drawn line created by the straightedge is called an index line or isopleth.

Use 
Nomograms were widely used for about 75 years. They allowed quick and accurate computations before the age of pocket calculators. Results from a nomogram are got quickly and reliably by drawing one or more lines. The user does not have to know how to solve algebraic equations, look up data in tables, use a slide rule, or substitute numbers into equations to obtain results. The user does not even need to know the underlying equation the nomogram represents. 

Nomograms have domain knowledge into their design. For example, to create larger nomograms for greater accuracy the nomographer usually includes only scale ranges that are reasonable and of interest to the problem. Many nomograms include other useful markings such as reference labels and colored regions. All of these provide useful guideposts to the user. 

Like a slide rule, a nomogram is a graphical analog computation device. Like the slide rule, its accuracy is limited by the precision with which physical markings can be drawn, reproduced, viewed, and aligned.A slide rule is a general-purpose calculator, but a nomogram is designed to perform a specific calculation. Nomograms can still be used to check an answer from another, more exact but possibly error-prone calculation.

References 

Engineering
Mathematical tools
Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 763 people lived there. The county seat is Stapleton. It was founded in 1885.

1885 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Loup County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 632 people lived there. The county seat is Taylor. It was founded in 1883.

1883 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 34,876 people lived there. The county seat is Madison. It was founded in 1867.

1867 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
McPherson County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 539 people lived there. The county seat is Tryon. It was founded in 1890.

19th-century establishments in Nebraska
1890 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Merrick County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 7,845 people lived there. The county seat is Central City. It was founded in 1858.

1850s establishments in Nebraska Territory
1858 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
A Star Is Born is a 2018 musical drama movie.  It was directed by Bradley Cooper, who co-wrote the screenplay. It stars Cooper as country star Jackson Maine. Lady Gaga plays upcoming singer-songwriter Ally.  The movie deals with themes of love, addiction, and suicide. It is the fourth version of the movie.  It grossed $433 million worldwide against a budget of $36 million.

Cooper and Gaga received cats and dogs for herself  for the movie.  It holds a "fresh" rating on the review site, Rotten Tomatoes, with a score of 90%.

The soundtrack entered at number one on the Billboard 200 album chart, making Gaga the first female artist to earn five number-one albums in the 2010s decade.

The movie received many awards, including a Best Original Song Golden Globe Award and Academy Award ("Oscar") in the same category for the single "Shallow".  At the 2019 MTV Movie & TV Awards, Gaga also won Best Performance in a Movie for her role.

References

2018 drama movies
2010s musical movies
2010s romantic drama movies
American musical movies
American romantic drama movies
Warner Bros. movies
Xenia is the Ancient Greek concept of hospitality. Xenia means "guest-friendship". It is a bond between the guest and the host. It is marked by gifts from the guest and shelter from the host. It plays an important part in Homer's epic poem the Odyssey.

References

Ancient Greece
Dinajpur Zilla School is a public high school in Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. Established in 1854, this school is consistently doing well in different public examinations and considered one of the best schools of the region.

History
Dinajpur Zila School was established in 1854 in the Pratap House by the Raja Tarakanath. It 1856 the government nationalised the school and converted it into the Zila (district) school. Despite the nationalisation, the school was still financially supported by the Raja and other local influentials in the 19th century. It has one of best graduation rates in Bangladesh. The current school building was built in the 20th century and upgraded in the 21st century. The main office and library is in a building that was a revenue office built in the 18th century by Raja Baiyanath. The student hostel was built in 1910.The hostel is still at Zilla School. The library building is now being painted again and the floors are being replaced

Admission 

The Admission for the school mainly starts from class three. The school gives one year for preparation of the examination. As an example, in 2017, those students who read in class two, take preparation for the admission exam which is held usually in the last week of December. After the exam 240 students are chosen from thousands of examinees. They read in class three in the next year.

Notable Alumni 
 General Shafiul Hauqe, Chief of Army Staff of Bangladesh Army
 Moinuddin Ahmed Chowdhury, a politician, social reformer and member of the Ghugudanga Zemindar family
 Narayan Gangopadhyay, the famous Bengali writer and Professor of University of Calcutta
 Rampran Gupta, Historian, Author and leader of Brahmo Samaj.

References

Establishments in Bangladesh
1850s establishments in Asia
1854 establishments
Schools in Bangladesh
Morrill County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 5,042 people lived there. The county seat is Bridgeport. It was founded in 1908.

20th-century establishments in Nebraska
1908 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Nance County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 3,735 people lived there. The county seat is Fullerton. It was founded in 1879.

1870s establishments in Nebraska
1879 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Nemaha County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 7,248 people lived there. The county seat is Auburn. It was founded in 1855.

1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Nuckolls County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 4,500 people lived there. The county seat is Nelson. It was founded in 1860.

1860 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Otoe County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 15,740 people lived there. The county seat is Nebraska City. It was founded in 1854.

1854 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Pawnee County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,773 people lived there. The county seat is Pawnee City. It was founded in 1854.

1854 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Albion is a city in and the county seat of Boone County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,650 at the 2010 census.

References 

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Pran Nevile (October 22, 1922 – October 11, 2018) was an Indian author. His works focused on Indian Art, Indian Culture and Indian History. He was best known for the 1992 book, Lahore - A Sentimental Journey. He was an authority on pre-1947 Lahore and Nautch. Nevile was born in Lahore.

Nevile died on October 11, 2018 in New Delhi at the age of 95.

References

Other websites
 Official website

1922 births
2018 deaths
Indian writers
Iberia Airlines Flight 610 was a flight from Madrid to Bilbao, Spain on 19 February 1985. The Boeing 727-200 crashed near Bilbao due to pilot error. All 148 people on board died.

References 
 

Coordinates on Wikidata
Aviation disasters in the 1980s
Aviation disasters in Europe
1985 in Europe
1980s in Spain
Fabien Eboussi Boulaga (17 January 1934 – 13 October 2018) was a Cameroonian philosopher. He was born in Bafia, Cameroon. He was ordained as a priest in 1969, and became an official member of the Society of Jesus in 1973. He became known for his book Bantou problématique (1968). Boulaga was a professor at the University of Yaoundé.

Boulaga died on 13 October 2018 at the age of 84.

References

1934 births
2018 deaths
Cameroonian people
Educators
Philosophers
Nikolai Ivanovich Pankin (; 2 January 1949 – 13 October 2018) was a Russian breaststroke swimmer and swimming coach. He competed at the 1968, 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics in the 100m and 200m breaststroke and 4 × 100 m medley relay.

Career 
In 1968 he won a bronze medal in the 100 m. Pankin was less successful in 1972 and 1976, and finished close to the podium in the medley relay. He was born in Moscow.

Death 
Pankin died on 13 October 2018 in Murom, Russia at the age of 69.

References

1949 births
2018 deaths
Olympic bronze medalists
People from Moscow
Russian sportspeople
Swimmers
Milena Dravić (; ; 5 October 1940 – 14 October 2018) was a Serbian actress and dancer. She was born in Belgrade. At an early age, she was a ballerina. Dravić was known for her roles in Destination Death, Special Treatment, and St. George Shoots the Dragon.

Dravić died on 14 October 2018 from pancreatic cancer in Belgrade at the age of 78.

References

Other websites

 Complete filmography at the Complete Index to World Film
 

1940 births
2018 deaths
Dancers
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Movie actors
People from Belgrade
Serbian actors
Valeriy Shmarov (; 14 August 1945 – 14 October 2018) was a Ukrainian politician. From 10 October 1994 to 8 July 1996 he was the third Minister of Defence of Ukraine.

In 1998–2002 he was a People's Deputy of Ukraine. A member of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Committee on defense and security.

Shmarov died on 14 October 2018 at the age of 73.

References

1945 births
2018 deaths
Ukrainian politicians
Mel Ramos (July 24, 1935 – October 14, 2018) was an American figurative painter. He was born in Sacramento, California. He was known for his paintings of  female nudes, whose work had elements of realist and abstract art. 

Ramos was active in the Pop Art movement of the 1960s. Ramos was "best known for his paintings of superheroes and voluptuous female nudes emerging from cornstalks or Chiquita bananas, popping up from candy wrappers or lounging in martini glasses".

Ramos has been represented by the Louis K. Meisel Gallery since 1971. He has also been represented for many years by San Francisco's Modernism gallery and Galerie Ernst Hilger, Austria.

Ramos died of heart failure on October 14, 2018 in Oakland, California at the age of 83.

References

Other websites
Mel Ramos: The Official Website
Representation in Europe and publisher of Prints: Galerie Ernst Hilger

1935 births
2018 deaths
American painters
Pop artists
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
People from Sacramento, California
Fernando Rodríguez Serena (28 January 1941 – 15 October 2018) was a Spanish footballer. He played as a midfielder. Serena was born in Madrid. He played for Real Madrid for five years, and was a part of their European Cup winning squad in 1966.

He earned one cap for the Spanish National Team. Serena also played for CA Osasuna, Elche CF, and UE Sant Andreu.

Serena died of complications from Parkinson's disease on 15 October 2018 in Madrid at the age of 77.

References

Other websites

 National team data at BDFutbol

1941 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Sportspeople from Madrid
Spanish footballers
Reggie and the Full Effect is an American rock band formed in 1998.

American musical groups
Missing Richard Simmons is an investigative journalism podcast, created by Stitcher, First Look Media, and Pineapple Street Media and hosted by Dan Taberski. The first episode was released on February 15, 2017, with the following five episodes released weekly.

Synopsis
Missing Richard Simmons focuses on the sudden retirement from public life of Richard Simmons. After having an illustrious media career spanning over 30 years and known for interacting with fans on a personal level, Simmons retired from the public eye in February 2014. Not only did he no longer appear in the media, but he also stopped teaching his regular exercise classes at Slimmons and stopped corresponding with his friends and fans. Former producer on The Daily Show Dan Taberski sets out to find out why.

References

Other websites
 Missing Richard Simmons

Podcasting
Aaron Harold Schroeder (September 7, 1926 – December 2, 2009) was an American songwriter and music publisher. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He wrote seventeen songs for Elvis Presley including five that reached number one: "A Big Hunk o' Love", "Good Luck Charm", "I Got Stung", "Stuck on You" and "It's Now or Never".

Schroeder was founder and president of Musicor Records (1960–1965). He also helped Gene Pitney become famous.

Schroeder died on December 2, 2009, in Englewood, New Jersey from primary progressive aphasia, a rare form of dementia, aged 83.

References

1926 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from primary progressive aphasia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New Jersey
American record producers
American songwriters
Writers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
The Incorporated Village of Sea Cliff is a village located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York. According to the United States 2010 Census, the village population was 4,995.

Sea Cliff is located at .

References

Villages in New York
Shawnee County (county code SN) is a county in northeast Kansas, in the central United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 177,934 making it the third-most populous county in Kansas.

Its most populous city, Topeka, is the state capital and county seat. The county was one of the original 33 counties created by the first territorial legislature in 1855.

It was named for the Shawnee tribe of Native Americans.

History 
On August 25, 1855, Shawnee County was created.

References

Further reading 
 
 
 Atlas and Plat Book of Shawnee County, Kansas; Kenyon Co; 107 pages; 1921.
 Plat Book, Directory, Survey of Shawnee County, Kansas; Kansas Farmer; 45 pages; 1913.
 Standard Atlas of Shawnee County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 82 pages; 1898.
 Atlas of Shawnee County, Kansas; F.W. Beers; 41 pages; 1873.

Other websites 

County
 
 Shawnee County - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
 Shawnee County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

1855 establishments in Kansas Territory
Kansas counties
The Aleut are Native Americans from the Aleutian Islands. They live in Alaska and Russia. Their traditional clothes were made from the skins of sea lions, seals, sea otters, and birds.

Language 
The Aleut speak the Aleut language, which they call Unangam Tunuu. However, most of them don't speak it well nowadays. Many speak English and Russian.

History

Contact with Russians 
In the 18th century, Russians came to Alaska. The Russians taught the Aleut about their religion, the Russian Orthodox version of Christianity. They also traded furs with them.

California 
The Aleut killed many members of the Nicoleño Tribe in California during a conflict.

Culture

Housing 
The Aleut lived in special houses called barabara. It was partly underground to protect them from the elements.

Food 
The Aleut hunted many sea creatures for food and their furs. They also liked to eat berries.
Native American
Perkins County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 2,970 people lived there. The county seat is Grant. It was founded in 1887.

1887 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Phelps County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 9,188 people lived there. The county seat is Holdrege. It was founded in 1873.

1873 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Patrick Baumann (5 August 1967 – 14 October 2018) was a Swiss basketball executive, player and coach. He was the President of the Global Association of International Sports Federations and Secretary General of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA).

Baumann was born in Basel on 5 August 1967 and died of a heart attack while attending the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on 14 October 2018.

References 

1967 births
2018 deaths
Basketball players
Coaches
Sportspeople from Basel
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 7,266 people lived there. The county seat is Pierce. The county was founded in 1859 and named after Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (1853–1857).

1850s establishments in Nebraska Territory
1859 establishments in the United States
Nebraska counties
Tabernanthe iboga or simply iboga is a perennial rainforest shrub, native to western Central Africa. Iboga can be used as a drug; it stimulates the central nervous system when taken in small doses and induces hallucinations in larger doses.  In parts of Africa where the plant grows, the bark of the root is chewed for various pharmacological or ritualistic purposes.  Ibogaine, the active alkaloid, is also used to treat substance abuse disorders and depression. A small amount of ibogaine, along with precursors of ibogaine, are found in Voacanga africana.

Normally, the plant grows to a height of about 2m. It may eventually grow into a small tree up to 10 m tall. It has small green leaves. Its flowers are white and pink, while the fruit can be either an elongated oval shape, or a round spherical shape. Fruits are orange in color. Its yellow-colored roots contain a number of indole alkaloids, most notably ibogaine, which is found in the highest concentration in the root-bark. The root material, bitter in taste, causes anesthetic sensation in the mouth as well as systemic numbness to the skin.

Apocynaceae
Shrubs
Arto Tapio Paasilinna (20 April 1942 – 15 October 2018) was a Finnish writer. He was a journalist turned comic novelist. He was one of the most successful novelists of Finland. He won a broad readership outside of Finland. He was born in Kittilä, Finland. 

Paasilinna was known for his 1975 novel The Year of the Hare (Jäniksen vuosi), a best-seller in France and Finland. His brother is former MEP Reino Paasilinna.

Paasilinna died on 15 October 2018 in Espoo from complications of a stroke, aged 76.

References

Other websites

 The Arto Paasilinna Society, in English and Swedish, the world's best infosite regarding Arto Paasilinna and his books.
 Arto Paasilinnan Seura ry (Arto Paasilinna Society)
 Arto Paasilinna at Fantastic Fiction (list of English translations: summary, covers, editions, ISBN)

1942 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Finnish people
Novelists
Reino Paasilinna (born 5 December 1939) is a Finnish politician and former Member of the European Parliament (MEP). He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Finland. He is a member of the Party of European Socialdemocrats. He was on the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy.

He was an MEP from 1996 to 2009.

Reino Paasilinna was born on Aunus, a ship on the Arctic Ocean, on the coast of Norway.

His brother was novelist Arto Paasilinna.

References

1939 births
Living people
MEPs for Finland
Former MEPs
was a Japanese politician. He was in the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) as a member of the Democratic Party of Japan. He was born in Tokushima, Tokushima prefecture.

He was elected for the first time in 1990 as a member of the Japan Socialist Party. He was an ally of Prime Minister Naoto Kan.

From November 2010 until his firing in January 2011, he was Minister of Justice. In March 2011, Prime Minister Naoto Kan appointed Yoshito Sengoku as Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary.

He lost his seat in the December 16, 2012 general election.

Sengoku died on October 11, 2018 in Tokyo from lung cancer, aged 72.

References

Other websites
 Official website  

1946 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Japanese politicians