cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) is an organization in the United States. CASA supports and promotes advocates for abused or neglected children which are appointed by courts of law. The purpose is to provide children with a safe and healthy living environment in permanent homes. The program is similar to, but in most states is not the same as a legal guardian (Guardians ad litem). According to National CASA, today there are more than 77,000 advocates. They serve in 933 state and local program offices nationwide. Because of these volunteers, 233,000 children have been assisted through CASA services.

Training 

Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) are in cities all over the United States. Advocates receive training on the laws of child abuse and neglect. They learn how to interview children and how to work with children with special needs. All advocates are trained to evaluate a family's situation. The typical training is about 30 hours spent in workshops and 10 hours spent in observing court cases and procedures. They also receive 12 hours of in-service training each year. Each CASA location has a volunteer coordinator. Together with a location's overseer (manager) they give help and advice to the advocates.

Notes

References 

Non-profit organizations of the United States
Child abuse
1977 establishments in the United States
Maurice James "Mac" McGarry (June 15, 1926 – December 12, 2013) was an American television personality. He was the longtime host of the television quiz show It's Academic. It airs in Washington, D.C. on NBC-owned WRC-TV. He hosted the show for five decades, from October 7, 1961, when it first aired, until June 25, 2011.

McGarry died of complications from pneumonia on December 12, 2013, aged 87, at his home in Potomac, Maryland.

References

Other websites
 Mac McGarry radio credits 

1926 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American television personalities
American television presenters
People from Atlanta, Georgia
Nehemiah Persoff (born August 2, 1919) is an American actor and artist. He is known for his roles in The Comancheros, Some Like It Hot, An American Tail, The Wrong Man, and in Twins. His career has lasted for over 50 years. 

Persoff was born in Jerusalem, on August 2, 1919. He was raised in New York City. Persoff studied the Actors Studio. He was married to Thia Persoff between 1951 and her death in 2019. They had four children.

Other websites

 
 
 Nehemiah Persoff Paintings 

1919 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
American artists
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Jewish American actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Jerusalem
Stoner is a novel from 1965 by the American writer John Williams. The book is about a man called William Stoner who goes to university in Missouri. The book tells the story of William Stoner's life, his job at the university and his wife Edith. It was published by Viking Press.

In December 2013, the British bookshop Waterstones gave it their prize for Book of the Year.

References

1965 books
English-language novels
American novels
Seretse Khama Ian Khama (or Ian a Serêtsê; born 27 February 1953) was the President of Botswana from 2008 to 2018. Khama was Vice President of Botswana before he became President. He was also a pilot in his younger years. Khama began his term as President on 1 April 2008 and served until 1 April 2018. His predecessor was Festus Mogae. His father, Seretse Khama, was the first President of Botswana.

References

1953 births
Living people
Presidents of Botswana
Vice Presidents of Botswana
Luc-Adolphe Tiao (born 4 June 1954) is a former Prime Minister of Burkina Faso. He served as Prime Minister from 2011 to 2014. His predecessor was Tertius Zongo. Before he was prime minister, Tiao studied to be a priest. Tiao resigned in December 27, 2012, but then-President of Burkina Faso Blaise Compaoré reappointed him as Prime Minister three days later.

On 30 October 2014, it was reported that President Blaise Compaoré decided to dissolve the government and declare a state of emergency. On 31 October 2014, Compaoré resigned.

Biography 
Luc-Adolphe Tiao studied journalism at the University of Dakar, graduating in 1980.

In 1988, he participated in the founding of the Journalists Association of Burkina Faso, which he chaired until 1990. In 1992, Tiao was appointed press officer of the Burkina Faso embassy in France. From 1997, he was in charge of communication with the Prime Minister, before being president of the High Council of Communication from 2001 to 2008, when he returned to Paris, this time as ambassador. He remains in office until his appointment as Prime Minister in April 2011.

On October 30, 2014, following a popular uprising in Ouagadougou, the government is dissolved.

In 2015, he supported a doctoral thesis in "Communication, Arts and Entertainment" at the University Bordeaux-Montaigne.

On September 16, 2016, after returning from Ivory Coast where he had been in exile for two years, Tiao is charged with "murder".

References

1954 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Burkina Faso
African politicians
Norodom Sihamoni (born 14 May 1953 in Phnom Penh) is Cambodian royalty. He became King of Cambodia after his father, Norodom Sihanouk, abdicated his throne in 2004. His father died in 2012. He is also known for being a peace activist and dance instructor. He is a bachelor.

References

1953 births
Cambodian people
Living people
Kings and queens
Current national leaders
Hun Sen () (born August 5 ,1952) is a Cambodian politician. He was elected Prime Minister of Cambodia in 1985 after the death of his predecessor Chan Sy. Before he was Prime Minister, Sen was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs.

References

1952 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Cambodia
Current national leaders
Jorge Carlos de Almeida Fonseca (born 1950) is a Cape Verdean politician. He was elected President of Cape Verde in 2011. His predecessor was Pedro Pires. Before he was President, Fonseca was Minister of Foreign Affairs. He left office in 2021.

Early Life 
Jorge Carlos Fonseca was born on October 20th, 1950, in Mindelo, Cape Verde, which was then still in the colony of Portuguese Cape Verde. He hailed from a Roman Catholic family of European descent. Fonseca finished his elementary and secondary education at local schools in Mindelo and Paria before then going on to pursue his post-secondary education in Lisbon, Portugal. There, he received a Law degree and a Master's in Legal Sciences from the University of Lisbon. Upon returning to Cape Verde, Fonseca served as Director General of Emigration from 1975 to 1977, and then as Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cape Verde from 1977 to 1979.

Rise To Power 
Beginning in the early 1980s, Fonseca worked as a law instructor at various universities, including the University of Lisbon, the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Lisbon, and the University of Asia Oriental in Macau. Upon returning to Cape Verde, Fonseca served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs between 1991 and 1993, before then running for presidency in the 2001 Elections. That year, he lost to the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV) candidate, Pedro Pires, with Fonseca being affiliated with the PAICV's major rival opposition party, the Movement for Democracy. After the PAICV candidate Pedro Pires served two terms as the President, Fonseca ran for president again in 2011. With the support of his party, he won the presidency in the second round of voting, and in so doing became the 4th President of Cape Verde.

References

Other websites

1950 births
Living people
Presidents of Cape Verde
General Idriss Déby Itno (; June 18, 1952 – April 20, 2021) was a Chadian politician. He became President of Chad in 1990. He won six presidential elections.

On 20 April 2021, Déby was killed while commanding his army against rebels calling themselves FACT in the north of Chad during the Northern Chad offensive, at the age of 68.

References

Other websites

1952 births
2021 deaths
African Union chairpersons
Deaths by firearm
Heads of state of Chad
Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet is a Chadian businessman, economist, and politician. He became Prime Minister of Chad in November 2013 after the resignation of Djimrangar Dadnadji.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Prime Ministers of Chad
Economists
African businesspeople
Li Keqiang (; born 1 July 1955) is a Chinese  politician and economist. He became the Premier of the People's Republic of China and party secretary of the State Council in 2013. He ranked #2 in Chinese power structure since 2012, next to Xi Jinping.

Li graduated from Beijing University, with a Bachelor degree in Law, PhD degree in Economics. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in May 1976. He became a member of the CPC Central Committee in 1997 and retained the membership since then.

References

Other websites

 Profile

1955 births
Living people
Premiers of the People's Republic of China
Chinese economists
Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China
Ikililou Dhoinine (born 14 August 1962) is a Comorian politician. He was the President of Comoros from 2011 to 2016. He won the election against Mohamed Said Fazul and Abdou Djabir by having the most votes. Before he was President, Dhoinine was the Vice-President of Comoros from 2006 to 2011.

References

1962 births
Living people
Comoros
Presidents (government)
African politicians
Pharmacists
Rami Sebei (born July 12, 1984) is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is currently working for WWE where he competes under the ring name, Sami Zayn. He wrestles on the Smackdown Live brand, formally in NXT and is a one-time NXT Champion.

He is also known under the ring name El Generico which he used while wrestling on the independent circuit. His gimmick was that of a luchador from Mexico. His theme song was "Olé!" by The Bouncing Souls and Olé! was also his catch phrase.

He has also wrestled for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla from 2004 to 2013, Chikara from 2005 to 2012, Ring of Honor from 2005 to 2012, Dragon Gate, Dramatic Dream Team, and Dragon Gate USA and Evolve in 2012.

On December 11, at the NXT Takeover: [R]Evolution event, Zayn defeated Adrian Neville and won the NXT Championship.

Championships
Association de Lutte Féminine
Sherri Memorial Cup Tournament (2007) (with LuFisto)

Britannia Wrestling Promotions
PWI:BWP World Catchweight Championship (1 time)

Chikara
Rey de Voladores (2011)

Dramatic Dream Team
KO-D Openweight Championship (1 time)
Best Foreigner Award (2012)

Elite Wrestling Revolution
Elite 8 Tournament (2004)

GBG Wrestling
GBG Heavyweight Championship (one time)

International Wrestling Syndicate
IWS Heavyweight Championship (two times)
IWS Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Twiggy)

North Shore Pro Wrestling
NSPW Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Guerrilla
PWG World Championship (two times)
PWG World Tag Team Championship (five times) (with Human Tornado (one), Quicksilver (oen), Kevin Steen (two) and Paul London (one))
Battle of Los Angeles (2011)
Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament (2010) (with Paul London)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #46 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2011.

Pro Wrestling Prestige
PWP Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Puerto Rico Wrestling Association
PRWA Caribbean Championship (one time)

Ring of Honor
ROH World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Kevin Steen)
ROH World Television Championship (one time)

SoCal Uncensored
Match of the Year (2006) (vs. PAC, November 18, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla)
Match of the Year (2007) (vs. Bryan Danielson, July 29, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla)
Most Outstanding Wrestler (2006, 2007)
Tag Team of the Year (2006) (with Quicksilver)
Wrestler of the Year (2007)

STHLM Wrestling
STHLM Wrestling Championship (one time)

Union Pro
DDT Extreme Division Championship (one time)

Westside Xtreme Wrestling
wXw Unified World Wrestling Championship (one time)
16 Carat Gold Tournament (2012)

Wrestling Observer Newsletter
Feud of the Year (2010) (vs. Kevin Steen)

WWE
NXT Championship (one time)
Slammy Award for NXT Superstar of the Year (2014)

References

Other websites

1984 births
Living people
Canadian professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Quebec
WWE wrestlers
JTBC is a South Korean nationwide general cable television network and broadcasting company. It was established on March 21, 2011 and launched on December 1, 2011. JTBC is supported by JoongAng Ilbo, which is one of the three biggest newspapers published in Seoul. JTBC's largest shareholder is JoongAng Media Network with 25% of shares. JTBC's corporate identity (CI) is motivated by the rainbow, representing creativity and variety. JTBC is in alliance with other overseas broadcasting companies, including CNN, FOX, HBO, BBC, SMG, TV Asahi, K-channel, Al Masry, Al Youm and Standard Group.

History 
JTBC insists Tongyang Broadcasting Corporation (TBC) is ground for the return of JoongAng Ilbo to television in JTBC. TBC, which was a part of the Samsung Group, was launched in 1966 and ran the network for 16 years. In 1980, however, TBC was combined with the state-run Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) under the Chun Doo-hwan military regime. JTBC opened on December 1, 2011 to honor TBC, which was associated with KBS on November 30, 1980.

Programs 
JTBC has news, sports, entertainment, drama and children's programs.

On weekdays, JTBC shows JTBC Morning Show 7 at 6:55–8:35 am, JTBC News Concert at 5:35–6:50 pm, JTBC Newsroom at 8:00–9:30 pm(weekdays), and at 7:40–8:30 pm(weekends) and JTBC Sports News at 12:15–12:25 pm. The most popular entertainment programs are Hidden Singers, shown on Saturdays at 11 pm, and Shinhwa-Bangsong, shown on Sundays at 11 pm.  The most popular dramas are Your Neighbor's Wife, shown on Mondays and Tuesdays, and Madi, shown on Saturdays and Sundays.

Other websites 
 
 
 JTBC website
Sam Johnston (born September 1, 1987) is an American professional wrestler. He currently works for the WWE under the ring name, Sami Callihan.

He has also competed for Combat Zone Wrestling, Dragon Gate USA, EVOLVE Wrestling, Ring of Honor, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, Fight Club: Pro, Pro Wrestling Syndicate, WXW Germany, IPW-UK, Big Japan Pro Wrestling, and AAW.

On May 27, 2013, Dragon Gate USA confirmed that Johnston had signed with WWE. On December 6, he debuted under an evil hacker gimmick, where he used a tablet computer to take control of the lights in the arena, and attacked Kalisto.

Championships
Absolute Intense Wrestling
AIW Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Matt Riot)

Combat Zone Wrestling
CZW Iron Man/New Horror Championship (one time)
CZW Ultraviolent Underground Championship (one time)
CZW World Junior Heavyweight Championship (two times)
Chri$ Ca$h Memorial Battle Royal (2008)
CZW Best of the Best XI (2012)

Full Impact Pro
Jeff Peterson Memorial Cup (2010)

Insanity Pro Wrestling
IPW World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
IPW Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)

International Wrestling Cartel
IWC Super Indy Championship (one time)
Super Indy XI (2012)

Jersey All Pro Wrestling
JAPW Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Chris Dickinson)

Maryland Championship Wrestling
Shamrock Cup (2011)

NWA Force One Pro Wrestling
NWA Force 1 Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #52 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2012.

Pro Wrestling Syndicate
PWS Heavyweight Champion (one time)

Westside Xtreme Wrestling
wXw World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Jon Moxley)
16 Carat Gold Tournament (2011)

References

Other websites
Official website 
CZW profile 

1987 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Ohio
WWE wrestlers
Plakkiyil Chacko Devassia, often known as Mahakavi P. C. Devassia (24 March 1906 – 10 October 2006) was a Sanskrit scholar and poet. He is from Kerala, India. 

In 1980, he won the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit for his poem Kristubhagavatam. He has also received the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for his contributions to Malayalam literature.

References

1906 births
2006 deaths
Indian writers
Poets
Sir John Warcup "Kappa" Cornforth, Jr., AC, CBE, FRS, FAA (7 September 1917 – 14 December 2013) was an Australian-British chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1975 for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysed reactions.

Cornforth died on 14 December 2013 from natural causes at his Brighton home, aged 96.

References

Other websites
 Face To Face Interview With John Cornfoth by The Vega Science Trust  (audio)
 How to be right and wrong with John Cornforth by The Vega Science Trust 
 vega.org.uk/video/programme/19

1917 births
2013 deaths
Australian scientists
British scientists
British chemists
People from Sydney
Australian of the Year Award winners
Deaths from natural causes
Australian Nobel Prize winners
Joseph Kabila Kabange (commonly known as Joseph Kabila, born June 4, 1971) is a Congolese politician. He became President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in January 2001. He took office ten days after the assassination of his father, President Laurent-Désiré Kabila. He was elected as President in 2006. In 2011, he was re-elected for a second term.

Forbes writer Richard Miniter documented the wealth of Joseph Kabila, estimated at 2 billion US Dollars in offshore banks in the British Virgin Islands, accumulated in just over 13 years of being in power.

After widespread speculation surrounding his continued stay in office, it was feared Kabila would seek re-election for a third term in the 2018 election. But he announced in August 2018, that he will not stand.

In October 2021, Joseph Kabila defended his graduation thesis at the University of Johannesburg. A master's degree in political science and international relations was awarded to him at the end of his studies which lasted five years.

References

Other websites

 Joseph Kabila, The Untold Story
 Rape in the DRC
 BBC Country Profile
 Official website of the President of the DRC 
 Joseph Kabila 2011 campaign site 
 Democratic Republic of the Congo – Permanent Mission to the United Nations 
 DR Congo presidential candidates face off in second round  Jane's Intelligence Watch Report, 22 August 2006
 For Congo's Leader, Middling Reviews by Jeffrey Gettleman, The New York Times, April 4, 2009

1971 births
Living people
Presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Guillaume Kigbafori Soro (born 8 May 1972) is an Ivorian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from April 2007 to March 2012.

References

1972 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Ivory Coast
Zoran Milanović (; born 30 October 1966) is a Croatian politician. In 2019, he became the 5th President of Croatia.

He was the Prime Minister of Croatia from 2011 to 2016. He has also been the leader of the Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP). It is the largest centre-left political party in Croatia, since 2007.

Notes

References

Other websites

 
 Javno.com: Biography  

1966 births
Living people
Presidents of Croatia
Current national leaders
Prime Ministers of Croatia
People from Zagreb
Paul Franklin Dano (born June 19, 1984) is an American actor, director, producer, screenwriter and musician.

Early life
He was born in New York City. Dano's family then moved to Wilton, Connecticut. Dano went to Wilton High School there.

Career
When Dano was 17 he played a 15-year-old boy in the 2001 movie L.I.E.. It was his first big movie role. He also appeared in the 2004 comedy movie The Girl Next Door. In 2006, Little Miss Sunshine was released. Dano played a teenager who chose not to talk in the movie. In 2012 Dano played the main character in a romantic comedy called Ruby Sparks. Dano also executive produced the film. He played John Tibeats in the 2013 movie 12 Years a Slave. 

In October 2019, Dano was cast as Riddler in Matt Reeves’s forthcoming 2022 movie The Batman.

Personal life
Dano has been in a relationship with actress and screenwriter Zoe Kazan since 2007. They have a daughter, born in August 2018. They live in Brooklyn.

References

Other websites

1984 births
People from New Canaan, Connecticut
People from Wilton, Connecticut
Actors from Connecticut
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American child actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Musicians from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Screenwriters from Connecticut
Musicians from Connecticut 
Living people
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh (Somali: Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle. Arabic: اسماعيل عُمر جليه) (born 27 November 1947) is an Djiboutian politician. He became the President of Djibouti in May 1999.

Biography 
From Mamassan clan, one of the components of the Somali tribe Issas, Ismaïl Omar Guelleh is the grandson of Guellé Mohamed, better known as Guelleh Batal, one of the signatories of the "agreement franco of August 30, 1917, which ratifies the "free transfer to the French Government of the coasts, harbors, harbors, islands and territories occupied from time immemorial by the Issa tribes". In recognition, Guelleh Batal obtained from the French administration the position of recruiter on behalf of the CFE.

The father of Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, son of Guelleh Batal, is Omar Guelleh, one of the first native teachers in the 1930s before working, following the path of his father, on behalf of the French-Ethiopian Railway Company. (CFE) which built the line linking Djibouti to Addis Ababa and whose headquarters were in Dire Dawa, a city itself created by the company.

The grandfather of the latter, Oumar Ali Adal, "would be one of the first Issas to have joined the wet Penguin in front of what will become Djibouti".

In Dire Dawa, Ismaïl Omar Guelleh follows traditional teaching at the Koranic school, then at the French school Charles-de-Foucault in Djibouti.

In 1964, at the age of 18, Ismail Omar Guelleh began working in the General Intelligence of the French Territory of the Afars and Issas, because he speaks Amharic, Somali, Arabic, French, French Italian and English.

In 1974, he was suspended because he was suspected of transmitting information to the independence movement [ref. necessary]. He then invested himself in the African Popular League for Independence (LPAI) chaired by Hassan Gouled Aptidon (who belongs to the same extended family group, or "clan"), which militates for independence.

In 1977, Ismaïl Omar Guelleh is a member of the delegation that negotiates with France the independence of his country. Independence was proclaimed on June 27, 1977. The new President of the Republic, Hassan Gouled, appointed him head of his cabinet. He is therefore involved from the beginning in the management of the country facing an external conflict, the Ogaden war between Somalia and Ethiopia, and internal tensions.

References

Other websites

1947 births
Living people
Djiboutian politicians
Presidents (government)
Current national leaders
Dileita Mohamed Dileita () (born March 12, 1958) is a Djiboutian politician. He became Prime Minister of Djibouti from 7 March 2001 to 1 April 2013.

Biography 
Dileita was born in 1958 in the coastal eastern city of Tadjoura, Djibouti, to an Afar family. He studied in Cairo and Reims, then went to the Centre for Vocational Education in Médéa, Algeria, from which he graduated in 1981.

Upon graduation, Dileita returned to Djibouti, where he worked at the Directorate-General of Protocol under the Presidency. He became the second ranking diplomat at the embassy of Djibouti in France in early 1990, and subsequently he became Ambassador to Ethiopia in 1997. He also represented Djibouti at the Organization of African Unity, headquartered in Addis Ababa, while serving as Ambassador to Ethiopia, and assisted in the peace talks that ended the 1998–2000 war between Ethiopia and Eritrea.

In December 1999, Dileita was charged with negotiating a peace agreement with a faction of the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD); the negotiations led to the signing of an agreement in February 2000. He became Ambassador to Uganda in mid-2000. After long-time Prime Minister Barkat Gourad Hamadou resigned for health reasons in February 2001, President Ismail Omar Guelleh appointed Dileita as Prime Minister on March 4, 2001, and he took office on March 7. He had no prior experience as a minister.

Dileita was elected as the Vice-President of the RPP on July 3, 2003, succeeding Hamadou in that post.[10] Dileita led the ruling coalition, the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP), in the January 2003 parliamentary election, standing as the first candidate on the coalition's list for the District of Djibouti.

On May 21, 2005, Dileita was reappointed as Prime Minister[13] after Guelleh's re-election in the April 2005 presidential election; a new government under Dileita was named on May 22.

As of 2008, Dileita was the President of the UMP coalition, and he headed the UMP list for the District of Djibouti in the February 2008 parliamentary election. Following the election, in which the UMP won all seats amidst an opposition boycott, he resigned as Prime Minister on March 25, 2008. Guelleh promptly reappointed him on March 26 and named a new government under Dileita on March 27.

After Guelleh won a third term in the April 2011 presidential election, he reappointed Dileita as Prime Minister on 11 May 2011. Guelleh retained Dileita in his post even though various other long-serving ministers were dropped from the new government that was announced on 12 May. He was replaced as RPP Vice-President by Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed in September 2012, as part of an extensive shake-up of the RPP leadership.

On 31 March 2013, Dileita was succeeded by Kamil as Prime Minister.

Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, the Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, announced on 11 June 2014 that Dileita was appointed as the African Union's Special Envoy for Libya. He was head of the African Union observer mission for the March 2016 Congolese presidential election.

References

Other websites

1958 births
Living people
Djiboutian politicians
Prime ministers
Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed () (born 1951) is a Djiboutian politician. He became the Prime Minister of Djibouti in April 2013.

References

1951 births
Living people
Djiboutian politicians
Prime ministers
Current national leaders
The Beautiful South were an English pop band. They were started in Hull in 1988 by Paul Heaton and Dave Hemingway. Heaton and Hemingway had been members of The Housemartins. The Beautiful South released their first album in 1989. The first single "Song for Whoever" reached number two in the UK Singles Chart. In 2007 they broke up. In 2008 Dave Hemingway, Dave Stead, and Alison Wheeler started The New Beautiful South. In 2010 they changed their name to The South.

Albums
Welcome to the Beautiful South (1989)
Choke (1990)
0898 Beautiful South (1992)
Miaow (1994)
Blue Is the Colour (1996)
Quench (1998)
Painting It Red (2000)
Gaze (2003)
Golddiggas, Headnodders and Pholk Songs (2004)
Superbi (2006)

References

1988 establishments in England
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2007 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
British pop rock bands
Musical groups disestablished in 2007
Musical groups established in 1988
Musical groups from Yorkshire
2000s disestablishments in England
Eliud Thaddeus Williams (born 21 August 1948) is a Dominican politician. He became the seventh President of Dominica from 2012 to 2013.

References

Other websites
Official site of the President's Office, Commonwealth of Dominica

1948 births
Living people
Presidents of Dominica
Charles Angelo Savarin (born 1943) is a Dominican politician. He became the eighth President of Dominica in October 2013.

References
 

1943 births
Living people
Presidents of Dominica
Current national leaders
Raúl “El Gordo” De Molina (born 29 March 1959 in Cuba) is an Cuban television personality. He works with Univision Network. He hosts many positive rated Latin entertainment shows such as the news show El Gordo y la Flaca. He has won many Emmy Awards.

References

Other websites
Raúl De Molina page  at Univisión.com
Página de Raúl at Univisión.com
Facebook

1959 births
Living people
Cuban entertainers
Emmy Award winners
People from Havana
Television personalities
Television presenters
Kelis Rogers (born August 21, 1979), better known as Kelis, is an American singer and songwriter. Her most well-known song is "Milkshake". It was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Urban/Alternative Performance. Kelis released her sixth album Food in 2014.

Early life
Kelis was born and raised in Harlem, Manhattan. Her father was an African American jazz musician. Her mother is Puerto Rican and Chinese. She went to a private school called Manhattan Country School. When she was sixteen Kelis left home.

Career
Kelis released her first album Kaleidoscope on December 7, 1999. Her second album Wonderland was released in October 2001. Kelis released her most successful album so far, Tasty, in December 2003. The first single from the album, "Milkshake", reached number three in the Billboard Hot 100. In 2006 Kelis Was Here was released. Flesh Tone was released in 2010.

References

1979 births
Living people
African-American singers
American R&B singers
Musicians from Manhattan
Singer-songwriters from New York
Singers from New York City
Mateo Kovačić (born 6 May 1994) is a Croatian football player. He plays for Real Madrid CF and the Croatian national team as a midfielder.

Kovačić began his professional career with Dinamo Zagreb at the age of 16, with whom he won two consecutive league titles, before joining Inter in 2013. After the 2014–15 season, he moved to Real Madrid, where he won his first Champions League with the squad in 2016. A full Croatian international since 2013, Kovačić represented the nation at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2016. He is nicknamed Il Professore (The Professor).

References

Other websites 

1994 births
Living people
Croatian footballers
"All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" is a proverb. It means that if a person does not take time off from work, they will become both bored and boring.

The saying in its current form first appeared in James Howell's Proverbs in English, Italian, French and Spanish (1659). Some writers have added a second part to the saying, such as Maria Edgeworth in her book Harry and Lucy Concluded (1825):

References

Phrases
Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão (, born José Alexandre Gusmão, , on 20 June 1946) is an East Timorese politician. He was the first President of East Timor. He served as President from May 2002 to May 2007. He was the seventh Prime Minister of East Timor from 2007 to 2015.

References

Other websites

 Official biography 

1946 births
Living people
Presidents of East Timor
Prime Ministers of East Timor
José Manuel Ramos-Horta GCL AC (; born 26 December 1949) is the United Nations' special Representative and Head of the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Guinea-Bissau (UNIOGBIS). He was the President of East Timor from 20 May 2007 to 20 May 2012.

References

1949 births
Living people
Columbia University alumni
Presidents of East Timor
Prime Ministers of East Timor
Hazem Abdel Aziz El Beblawi (born 17 October 1936) is an Egyptian politician. He became the interim Prime Minister of Egypt in July 2013 after the 2013 Egypt protest which caused Mohamed Morsi out of office. On 25 February 2014, he announced his resignation.

References

Other websites

  Egyptian State Information Service CV

1936 births
Living people
Egyptian Muslims
People from Cairo
Prime Ministers of Egypt
Ronan Tynan (born 14 May 1960) is an Irish singer. Tynan was known for singing Amazing Grace at the funeral of President of the United States Ronald Reagan. He is also known for participating in the 1984 and 1988 Summer Paralympics.

References

1960 births
Living people
Irish singers
People from Dublin
Hanji (Korean paper) is the Korean traditional paper. Hanji literally means “paper of Korea”. "Han" stands for "Korea," and "ji" means "paper."

History
Hanji’s history goes back to 4th century. Koreans started making it after papermaking technique came to Korea from China with Buddhism. After since, Korean paper came to be known as the highest quality paper available in East Asia. During Goryeo period, hanji flourished with the development of printing technique in Korea. Its best days continued throughout Joseon Dynasty. However, it didn’t last forever. Western’s mass production of paper and Japanese’s oppression on Korean traditional cultures ended golden ages of hanji.  Nowadays, Korean paper is considered as a tradition worth preserving and spreading. More people are interested in arts and crafts of hanji, and there it has become the part of the tourism for foreigners, too.

Characteristic
Hanji is made out of inner bark of mulberry, a tree native to Korea. The inner bark of the mulberry is so strong and durable that it does not decay in water up to a year. Korean paper’s durability comes from this tree. The life span of Korean paper is 1,000 years. For example, Mugujeonggwang Daedaranigyeong, the world's oldest woodblock print was created in 751. Also, thanks to its durability, Koreans even used it as body armor in war. 1 year old trees are used to make the high-quality hanji, and older trees are used for cheaper modern papers.

Usage
There are several kinds of mulberry trees in Korea. They grow in different climate conditions. Each kind of mulberry tree produces different kinds of hanji, and they are all used in a different way. There are various kinds of Korean paper, and they are named after their usage. Changhoji, for instance, is a kind of Korean paper. Changhoji means window paper. Koreans used to glue changhoji on a door because it allows both air and light through it, thanks to its wide fiber. There are other kinds of hanji as well. When Korean paper is used as a copy paper, it is called bogsaji. It is used as paper for family registry book or Buddhist scriptures. When the Four Gracious Plants (plum, orchid, chrysanthemum and bamboo) or birds are drawn on hanji, it's called hwasunji, the drawing paper. Nowadays, Korean paper is used for arts and crafts.

References

Paper
Korean culture
Switchfoot is an American alternative rock band from San Diego, California. 

Switchfoot was formed in 1996 by lead singer Jon Foreman, his brother Tim and Chad Butler. They originally named the band Chin Up. The band was signed to Re:think Records by Charlie Peacock. 

The band released their debut album The Legend of Chin on June 17, 1997. Their second studio album New Way to Be Human was released on March 11, 1999. Their third album Learning to Breathe was released on September 26, 2000 and received a Grammy nomination in 2001 for Best Rock Gospel Album. On February 25, 2003, they released their third album The Beautiful Letdown. Nothing Is Sound was released on September 13, 2005 and Oh! Gravity. was released on December 26, 2006 in North America and January 1, 2007 in the United Kingdom. Their newest album Vice Verses was released on September 27, 2011.

They are currently working on their ninth studio album Fading West which is scheduled to be released on January 14, 2014. The album is also accompanied with a documentary of the same name by the band. The movie was shown during the first concert they performed of their Fading West Tour, and it was released digitally on December 10, 2013.

Band members 
Current
Jon Foreman – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1996–present)
Tim Foreman – bass (1996–present)
Chad Butler – drums (1996–present)
Jerome Fontamillas – rhythm guitar, keyboard (2003–present)
Drew Shirley – lead guitar (2005–present)

Discography

Albums
The Legend of Chin (1997)
New Way to Be Human (1999)Learning to Breathe (2000)
The Beautiful Letdown (2003)Nothing Is Sound (2005)
Oh! Gravity. (2006)Hello Hurricane (2009)
Vice Verses (2011)Fading West (2014)

References

Other websites 
Official website

1996 establishments in California
1990s music groups
2000s music groups
2010s music groups
Alternative rock bands
American hard rock bands
Christian rock bands
Grammy Award winners
Musical groups from San Diego, California
Post-grunge bands
Luis Liberman Ginsburg (born 1 August 1947) is a Costa Rican businessperson and politician. He became the Second Vice President of Costa Rica in 2010. He was elected in February 2010 on the ticket with President Laura Chinchilla and First Vice President Alfio Piva.

References

1947 births
Living people
Vice presidents
Costa Rican people
People from San José, Costa Rica
Commodore Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama, CF, MSD, OStJ, Fijian Navy, known commonly as Frank Bainimarama and sometimes by the chiefly title Ratu (born 27 April 1954) is a Fijian naval officer and politician. He became the Prime Minister of Fiji in January 2007.

References

Other websites

 Republic of Fiji Military Forces website
 Bainimarama's speech, 5 December 2006: the stated reasons for the coup 
 Commodore Bainimarama's address to the 62nd session of the United Nations General Assembly, 28 September 2007 (video )
 Commodore Bainimarama's address to the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, 26 September 2008
 Frank, Uncensored, ABC documentary by Philippa McDonald, 3 August 2010.

1954 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Oceanic military people
Presidents of Fiji
Prime Ministers of Fiji
Jyrki Tapani Katainen (born 14 October 1971) is a Finnish politician. He was the Prime Minister of Finland from June 2011 to June 2014. He is also the chairman of the National Coalition Party.

References

Other websites

 Jyrki Katainen's home page 
 National Coalition Party of Finland 

1971 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Finland
Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne is a real-time strategy video game. It is published by Blizzard Entertainment. It is the expansion set of Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos. It was released in 2003.

New features 

Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne is advanced considerably from Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos.

All races (The Undead, Night Elves, Humans, Orcs) have one more Hero (Crypt Lord, Warden, Bloodmage, and Shadow Hunter). Moreover, there is the Tavern in most new maps. Players can hire neutral heroes from there. There is the Beastmaster, Dark Ranger, Firelord, Goblin Tinker, Goblin Alchemist, Naga Sea Witch, Pandaren Brewmaster, and Pit Lord.

All races have their own shops.
 Tomb of Relics, which is the shop of the Undead, sells the Rod of Necromancy, Sacrificial Skull, Dust of Appearance, Potion of Healing, Potion of Mana, Scroll of Town Portal, Orb of Corruption, Scroll of Healing.
 Ancient of Wonders, which is the shop of the Night Elves, sells Moonstone, Lesser Clarity Potion, Dust of Appearance, Potion of Healing, Potion of Mana Scroll of Tonw Portal, Staff of Preservation, Orb of Venom, Anti-Magic Potion.
 Arcane Vault, which is the shop of Humans, sells Scroll of Regeneration, Mechanical Critter, Lesser Clarity Potion, Potion of Healing, Potion of Mana Scroll of Tonw Portal, Ivory Tower, Orb of Fire, Staff of Sanctuary. 
 Voodoo Lounge, which is the shop of the Orcs, sells Healing Selves, Lesser Clarity Potion, Speed Scroll, Potion of Healing, Potion of Mana Scroll of Tonw Portal, Tiny Great Hall, and Lighting Orb.

All races have new units. The Undead now have Obsidian Statue, Destroyer, Skeletal Mage, and Carrion Beetle for their new armies. The Night Elves acquire Mountain Giant, Faerie Dragon, Avatar of Vengeance, and Sprit of Vengeance for their new armies. The Humans acquire Spell Breaker, Dragonhawk Rider, and Phoenix for their new armies. The Orcs acquire Berserker, Spirit Walker, and Troll Batrider for their new armies.

Change in gameplay 

Upkeep System takes the form of a tax on player's Gold mining that is automatically deducted from all Gold players get. The upper limit of this system is increased. Low Upkeep becomes 50 from 40. High Upkeep becomes 80 from 70.

The costs of all units and buildings are reduced in price.

References 
 Battle.Net

Blizzard video games
Real-time strategy video games
2003 video games
Kristubhagavatam is a mahakavya (an epic poem) written in Sanskrit. It is based on the life of Jesus Christ. It was written by Mahakavi P. C. Devassia. Devassia was a Sanskrit scholar from Kerala, India.

References

Epic poems
Sanskrit
Jesus Christ
Pope John VII (650 – 18 October 707) was pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1 March 705 until 18 October 707 when he died. 

His father was Plato was a curator of the Palatine Hill. This makes him the first pope to be the son of a Byzantine official.

He had bad relations with the Quinisext council of 692 but had good relations with the Lombards, who had ruled much of Italy at the time. Liber Pontificalis criticized Pope John VII for not signing Canons which were really unpopular in Italy at the time.

Liber Pontificalis said: 
"He [Emperor Justinian II] despatched two metropolitan bishops, also sending with them a mandate in which he requested and urged the pontiff [John VII] to gather a council of the apostolic church, and to confirm such of them as he approved, and quash and reject those which were adverse. But he, terrified in his human weakness, sent them back to the prince by the same metropolitans without any emendations at all."

He died on 18 October 707 and was buried in Chapel of the Blessed Virgin Mary. He was succeeded by Pope Sisinnius.

References

650 births
707 deaths
Greek people
Italian popes
The River Humber is a large deep water estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed by the River Ouse and the River Trent coming together. From here to the North Sea (about 40 miles) it forms part of the border between the East Riding of Yorkshire on the north side and Lincolnshire on the south side. The Humber's only modern crossing is the Humber Bridge. At one time it the longest single-span suspension bridge in the world. Now it is the fifth longest. Before the bridge was built in 1981, paddle steamers were used to cross the mile long span.

History 

In the middle ages the tides of the Humber kept armies from crossing. At that time it was thought to be an arm of the ocean. During the Anglo-Saxon period, the Humber was a major boundary, separating Northumbria from the southern kingdoms. The name Northumbria came from Old English Northanhymbre meaning "the people north of the Humber".   The Vikings used the Humber and its two tributaries, the Ouse and Trent, with their shallow-draft Longships to raid all over northeastern England.

Fortresses 

Fort Paull was a Napoleonic era fort built in 1542 to protect the port there. The site dates back to 910 when it was a lookout for Viking raiders. The current fort is designed as a pentagon and was built from 1861–1864. It was disarmed at the beginning of the First World War and replaced by two nearby forts. One was on Sunk Island; the other was at Stallingborough. In 1960 the fort was finally closed down. But in 1964 a group of volunteers took over the fort and made it into a Museum.

References

Other websites 
 The Humber Estuary
 Fort Paull Museum 

Rivers of England
France Roche (2 April 1921 – 14 December 2013) was a French actress and screenwriter. She appeared in 17 movies between 1951 and 1979. She died on 14 December 2013 from natural causes, aged 92.

References

Other websites

1921 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur
Deaths from natural causes
French movie actors
French screenwriters
French stage actors
French television actors
Writers from Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur
Ali Bongo Ondimba (born Alain Bernard Bongo; February 9, 1959) is a Gabonese politician. He became President of Gabon on October 2009.

On 7 January 2019, soldiers in Gabon launched a coup d’etat attempt. The coup attempt failed, and the government successfully re-asserted control.

In October 2018, he was hospitalized due to a stroke in Riyadh. In August 2019, Bongo was hospitalized in London and his health was said to be deteriorating.

In October 2021, Ali Bongo is quoted in the “Pandora papers”, these documents on the use of offshore companies in tax havens, Ali Bongo would have been the beneficiary of two companies now dissolved.

References

Other websites

Official site of Ali Bongo
2004 photograph of Ali Bongo (People's Daily)
GABON: Who will succeed Omar Bongo?, IRIN News, 11 February 2005

1959 births
Living people
Presidents of Gabon
Current national leaders
Raymond Ndong Sima (born 23 January 1955) is a Gabonese politician. He was Prime Minister of Gabon from February 2012 to January 2014.

References

1955 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Gabon
John Evans Fiifi Atta Mills (21 July 1944 – 24 July 2012) was a Ghanaian politician, a lawyer, a legal scholar, a tax expert and a sports administrator. He became President of Ghana after he was elected in 2009. He died on 24 July 2012 from throat cancer.

References

Other websites

1944 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Presidents of Ghana
Jack McBrayer (born May 27, 1973) is an American comedic actor. He became famous after appearing many times on Late Night with Conan O'Brien. He won some Emmy Awards. He currently stars as the title character, Wander, in the Disney Channel original series Wander Over Yonder.

Early life
McBrayer was born in Macon, Georgia, and moved to Conyers, Georgia when he was 15. He studied theater administration at the University of Evansville, worked at The Second City and IO Theater (1995–2002), an experience that introduced him to 30 Rock creator Tina Fey and prepared him "100%" for his role on her show.

Personal life
He is also good friends with actress Tina Fey.

Filmography

Movies

Television

References

Other websites
 
 Interview with McBrayer on The Sound of Young America
 Entertainment Weekly interview  with Jack McBrayer and the actors who portray TV assistants Lloyd ("Entourage") and Marc ("Ugly Betty").

1973 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
Comedians from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Macon, Georgia
Emmy Award winning actors
Georgios A. Papandreou ( born 16 June 1952) is a Greek politician.  He became Prime Minister of Greece from October 2009.  His term ended in November 2011. 

His father Andreas was Prime Minister in the 1980s and again in the middle 1990s.  His grandfather Georgios was also Prime Minister of Greece in the middle 20th century.

References

Other websites

primeminister.gov.gr , official prime minister website (in Greek; English option on homepage)

George Papandreou: Imagine a European democracy without borders June 2013 TED Talk

1952 births
Living people
Eastern Orthodox Christians
Government ministers of Greece
Prime Ministers of Greece
Antonis Samaras (; born 23 May 1951) is a Greek politician. He became Prime Minister of Greece and Leader of New Democracy. He last served as the Minister of Finance in 1989, then Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1989 to 1990, and again from 1990 to 1992. His term as prime minister ended on 26 January 2015 when he was succeeded by Alexis Tsipras.

References

1951 births
Living people
Eastern Orthodox Christians
Government ministers of Greece
People from Athens
Prime Ministers of Greece
Sir Carlyle Arnold Glean, GCMG (11 February 1932 – 21 December 2021) was a Grenadian politician. He became Governor-General of Grenada on 27 November 2008 until 7 May 2013.

Glean died on 21 December 2021, at the age of 89.

References

1932 births
2021 deaths
Governors-General of Grenada
Dame Cécile Ellen Fleurette La Grenade, GCMG, OBE, PhD (born 30 December 1952) is a Grenadian food scientist and politician. She became Governor-General of Grenada in May 2013. La Grenade was sworn-in as Governor-General of Grenada on 7 May 2013 as the nation's first female Governor-General.

References

Other websites
Grenada Names First Female Governor General, Cecile La Grenade
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

1952 births
Living people
Governors-General of Grenada
Current national leaders
Keith Claudius Mitchell (born 12 November 1946) is a Grenadian politician. He became Prime Minister of Grenada in February 2013. He also served as Prime Minister from 1995 to 2008. He is the longest serving Prime Minister Grenada has ever had, holding the office for just over 13 years.

References

1946 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Grenada
Current national leaders