cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The axon is the part of a neuron that sends the signal to the synapse. Axons are long, thin and tendril-like.

Axons are much like a highly developed dendrite.

The axon carries an electrical signal from the cell body (soma) to the synapse. There the signal passes to other neurons or to muscle fibers. An axon can be over a meter long in humans. Or even longer in longer animals like elephants and whales.

The electrical signal of an axon is made by ions that flow in and out of the cell producing an electric impulse called an action potential. The speed at which the signal travels depends on how thick the axon is, and how much insulation it has. Insulation is provided by specialized cells called myelin that wrap around the axon. This insulation is called the myelin sheath. 

The axon was discovered by Otto Deiters.

References 

Anatomy of the nervous system
Haast's eagle (Harpagornis moorei) was the largest known eagle. It is the only eagle in the world known to have been the top predator in its ecosystem. It lived on the South Island of New Zealand, where there were no other large predators.

Fossil evidence shows that the areas where the Haast’s eagle lived were covered in forest and shrublands, as well as in the grasslands on river floodplains. 

The arrival of people in New Zealand had unfortunate consequences for the eagle. By 1400 AD, most of the forest habitat it used had been cleared by fire, and most of the large flightless moas that it ate had been hunted to extinction.

Accipitriformes
Megafauna
Benjamin Whiso Lee (Korean: 이휘소, Lee Whi-so) (January 1, 1935 – June 16, 1977) or Ben Lee, was a Korean-American theoretical physicist. His work in theorical particle physics was very important to the development of the standard model in the late 20th century. His work mainly affected the renormalization and the charm quark.

Life 
Benjamin W. Lee was born in Seoul, Korea. Before finishing high school, he entered the department of Chemical Engineering at Seoul National University. He was one of the best students. During his time in college, he transferred to the United States. He graduated from Miami University. Lee received a master degree from the University of Pittsburgh, and his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania at the age of 25. Lee worked at Institute for Advanced Study. He was a professor of physics at University of Pennsylvania, SUNY at Stony Brook, University of Chicago, and head of the theoretical physics department at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. On June 16, 1977, he was killed in a car accident near Kewanee, Illinois. Lee studied symmetry principles and weak interactions.

1935 births
1977 deaths
American physicists
Korean people
Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was a Lombard physicist known especially for the development of the first electrical cell in 1800. He was born in Como in Lombardy, Italy.

Volta worked on the electrophorus that makes a static electric charge in 1775. Volta also studied what we now call capacitance, developing separate means to study both electrical potential V and charge Q, and discovering that for a given object they are proportional. This may be called Volta's Law of Capacitance, and likely for this work the unit of electrical potential has been named the volt. Around 1791 he began to study "animal electricity". In this way he discovered Volta's Law of the electrochemical series, and the law that the electromotive force (emf  ) of a galvanic cell. In 1800, he invented the voltaic pile, an early electric battery, which made a steady electric current. It is credited as the first electrochemical cell.
 
In honor of his work in the field of electricity, Napoleon Bonaparte made him a count in 1810. A museum in Como, the Voltian Temple, has been built in his honor and exhibits some of the original equipment he used to conduct experiments. In 1881, an important electrical unit, the volt(V), was named in his honor. There have also been innovations and discoveries named after Alessandro Volta including the Chevy Volt, and the Volta Crater on the Moon.

Volta married the daughter of Count Ludovico Peregrini, Teresa.  They raised three sons. In 1779 he became professor of experimental physics at the University of Pavia.  He had the job for almost 25 years. Volta is buried in the city of Como. At the Tempio Voltiano near Lake Como there is a museum about him and his work.

1745 births
1827 deaths
Italian physicists
People from Como
Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz (also August Kekulé) (7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896) was a German organic chemist. Kekulé was born in Darmstadt, the son of a civil servant. After graduating from secondary school, in 1847 he entered the University of Giessen, with the intention of studying architecture. After hearing the lectures of Justus von Liebig he decided to study chemistry. Following his education in Giessen, he took further doctorate fellowships in Paris (1851-52), in Chur, Switzerland (1852-53), and in London (1853-55), where he was decisively influenced by Alexander Williamson. 

In 1858, he was hired as a full professor at the University of Ghent. In 1867, he was asked to work at the University of Bonn. There he studied carbon organic compounds and benzene. He suggested a benzene ring structure. 

Kekulé's most famous work was on the structure of benzene. In 1865 Kekulé published a paper in French suggesting that the structure contained a six-membered ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. The next year he published a much longer paper in German on the same subject. The empirical formula for benzene had been long known, but its highly unsaturated structure was challenging to determine. Archibald Scott Couper in 1858 and Joseph Loschmidt in 1861 suggested possible structures that contained multiple double bonds or multiple rings, but the study of aromatic compounds was in its earliest years, and too little evidence was then available to help chemists decide on any particular structure.

1829 births
1896 deaths
German chemists
People from Darmstadt
An LC circuit is an electronic circuit made up of an inductor and a capacitor.

LC circuit's resonant frequency is equal to:     

The angular frequency ω has units of radians per second.

LC circuits are used for creating signals at a particular frequency, or picking out a signal at a particular frequency from a more complex signal. An ideal LC circuit does not have resistance.

At LC circuit energy saves in the capacitor's electric field.

    

U is energy and q is electric charge.
At LC circuit energy also save in the inductor's magnetic field.

 

U is energy and i is electric current that flows in inductor.

Let's analyze an LC circuit's vibration. Vibrating LC circuit's total energy is U.

Because circuit's  resistance is 0, there is no energy that transmits to heat energy, and U is maintained regularity.
 

So LC circuit's vibration is shown like that

First consider the Electrical impedance of the series LC circuit. The total impedance is given by the sum of the inductive and capacitive impedances

By writing the inductive impedance as  and capacitive impedance as  

 .

Resultingly the series connected circuit, when connected to a circuit in series, will act as a band-pass filter having zero impedance at the resonant frequency of the LC circuits.

The same analysis may be applied to the parallel LC circuit. The total impedance is then given by

and after substitution of  and  we have

which simplifies to

 .

Resultingly the parallel connected circuit will act as band-stop filter having infinite impedance at the resonant frequency of the LC circuit.

Other websites
Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes

Electronic circuits
ASIC or Application-specific integrated circuit is a kind of integrated circuit. It is built for a particular use instead of for general-purpose use. Digital circuits are a common form of ASIC, but analog ASICs were manufactured beginning in the latter half of the 1990s.

ASIC has advantages compared to Programmable Logic Device or Standard Logic IC. 
 ASIC has a miniaturized embodiment size. 
 ASIC can improve speed. 
 ASIC needs less electric power to operate. 

There are also disadvantages of ASIC. 
 the cost per a unit can be high when producing a small number of units because of the cost in producing a Photomask. 
 they can be hard to design and it is expensive and wastes time if they need to be redesigned. 
 the time of a manufacturing process can be long.

Design 
Design of ASIC is gate array design, cell base design, embedded array design, standard cell design, and structured ASIC design.
 
Gate array design has elementary gate circuit at first base, (we) manufacture the products with putting ordered proper wire-layers.
Manufacturing is quick because a finished product needs only production of wire-layers and it is cheap because of mass production of its foundation.
However, because (we) form a circuit with formation of standard gate, it has worse contact rate and efficiency.

Cell base design uses wire-layer between block that was designed and arranged and logical circuit. and product is manufactured .
Performance is better than gate array, but time of making cell base is longer than time of making gate array, and cost of making cell base is more expensive than cost of making gate array.

Embedded array design Use finished functional block were located. It was rest of theory for wired to use part of gate array. It was called that gate array and basis of cell were compromising.

Standard cell design is a general term for gate array, cell base, embedded array. if standard cell is cell base IC, direction is different each company.

Structured ASIC design uses customization of standard subsystems to speed design and production.
Designers of ASIC use a hardware description language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL to describe the functionality of the design.

Other websites 
 ASIC basics tutorial

Electronic components
Electronic circuits
In electrical engineering and computer science, Image processing is any form of processing for which the input is an image or a series of images or videos, such as photographs or frames of video. The output of image processing can be either an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. It also means "Analyzing and manipulating images with a computer". 

Image processing is performed in three steps:

First, import images with an optical devices like a scanner or a camera, or make them by computer-generated imagery.

Second, manipulate or analyze the images in some way. This step can include image improvement and data summary, or the images are analyzed to find rules that aren't seen by the human eyes. For example, meteorologists use this processing to analyze satellite photographs.

Last, output the result of image processing. The result might be the image changed by some way or it might be a report based on analysis or result of the images.

In the 21st century image processing is usually "digital", but optical and analog image methods are still used.

Computer science
Encarta was a digital multimedia encyclopedia by Microsoft. There was a more complete version called Encarta Premium made in 2008. It had more than 62,000 articles  and many photographs and illustrations. There was also music clips, videos, maps and timelines with some activity games. It also included an atlas,  and homework tools. It was available on the internet if you pay a yearly fee, or to buy on DVD-ROM, or CD-ROMs. Many articles could also be read online free of charge, a service which is paid for by advertisements.

Microsoft made similar encyclopedias under the Encarta trademark in several different European languages and in Japanese.

References 

Encyclopedias
The flag of Greece is rectangular with nine equal stripes of blue (5) and white (4) from left to right. In the top left corner is a blue square with a white cross. This flag has been used since 1822, when the young Greek state was fighting for its independence from the Ottoman Empire during the Greek War of Independence.

The current flag of Greece was officially adopted during the First national assembly of the Greeks at Epidaurus in 1822, and the flag with the 9 stripes was adopted as a state and military ensign (a flag used only by the government and the military, and only on ships). Another flag was chosen as a land flag, it was a simple white cross on a blue field. A third flag was adopted for the merchant fleet (a flag to be used by civilians on ships only), but it was only used for 8 years. In 1978, the ensign was chosen as the sole national flag, and it is now used by everyone on land and sea as the flag of Greece.

A different opinion states that the Greek flag is an exact duplicate of the East India Trading Company flag. 

It is sometimes known in Greece as the blue-white, in Greek Γαλανόλευκη (Galanólefki) or Κυανόλευκη (Kyanólefki).

Gallery

References

Greece
Greece
Bay Minette is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States. According to the 2000 census, the population of the city was 7,820. According to the 2007 U.S. Census estimates, the city had a population of 7726. The city is the county seat of Baldwin County.

Geography
Bay Minette is located at  (30.883446, -87.777183).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of .  (0.50%) is water.

Notable residents
 Todd Grisham, sports announcer for World Wrestling Entertainment and Fox Soccer Channel
 Joe M. Rodgers, United States Ambassador to France
 Scotty Joe Weaver, hate crime victim featured in the documentary Small Town Gay Bar
 Wallace Gilberry, Defensive End for the 2Kansas City Chiefs
 William Conrad Burford,
RebelX

References 

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Bakerhill or Baker Hill is a city in Barbour County, Alabama, United States, near Eufaula.  According to the 2005 U.S. Census estimates, the city had a population of 321. Although it existed as an unincorporated village since before 1860, the city was officially incorporated in 2000.

Geography 
Bakerhill is located at 31.88 degrees north, 85.15 degrees west (31.88495, -85.15390).

References

Cities in Alabama
A computer-based model is a computer program that is designed to simulate what might or what did happen in a situation. They are used in many ways including in astronomy, economics and sciences such as physics and biology. Computer models are used in fields such as earthquake performance simulation and making models of buildings.

Well known areas which use computer models:
 Models of the atmosphere for weather forecasts and to predict climate change
 Aerodynamics via fluid dynamics simulation
 Agent-based modelling is used to simulate social interactions in artificial Intelligence

Computer modelling often uses numerical analysis to approximate the real solution of the problem. Simulation techniques are then used to get values. Numerical weather predictions are too inaccurate to give a good local prediction of the weather, so other methods are used to adjust them.  

Computing
Modeling
Research
The M postcode area, also known as the Manchester postcode area, is a group of lots of postal districts in Greater Manchester, England.

The code covers three places: Manchester, Salford, and Sale. It covers parts of all Greater Manchester boroughs except for Stockport. All of Manchester is covered by the code, except for a small village called Ringway, which is in the WA postcode area. The postcode also includes nearly all of Salford and most of the borough of Trafford.

Coverage
The code covers these districts:

References

Other websites
Map of postcodes of Greater Manchester 

Manchester
The River Irwell is a  long river which flows through the Irwell Valley in the counties of Lancashire and Greater Manchester in North West England.  The start of the river is at Irwell Springs on Deerplay Moor, about  north of the town of Bacup, in the parish of Cliviger, Lancashire.  The Irwell flows through  the city centres of Manchester and Salford, before joining the River Mersey near Irlam.

Other websites

 History of the Mersey and Irwell Navigation (Old Quay Company) 
 Salford Quays virtual tour
 The Transport Archive: Canal archive: Mersey and Irwell Navigation
 Pennine Waterways: Images of the River Irwell Navigation

Manchester
Rivers of England
Bessemer is a city in southwestern Jefferson County, Alabama, United States and a suburb of Birmingham near Hueytown. The population was 29,672 at the 2000, but by the 2005 U.S. Census estimates, the city had fallen to a population of 28,641.

Notable residents 
 Neil Bonnett, NASCAR driver
 Alex Bradford, composer, singer, arranger, and choir director
 Mildred Brown, journalist
 Earl Cochran Jr., NFL player
 Thornton Dial, African-American folk artist
 Virginia Hill, actress, mob courier and girlfriend of Bugsy Siegel
 Frank House, born in Bessemer, major league baseball player
 Bo Jackson, NFL football and MLB baseball player
 Kerry Rhodes, NFL player
 Diana Ross, singer
 Demeco Ryans, NFL player
 Glenn Shadix, American actor
 Sun Ra, Avant-garde jazz musician and metaphysical progressive
 Tim Ward, philanthropist
 Corey White, NFL player
 Jack Whitten, abstract painter
 Andre Williams, singer and producer

References 

Cities in Alabama
Brent is a city in Bibb County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 4,024.

References

Cities in Alabama
Boaz is a city in Etowah and Marshall Counties in the U.S. state of Alabama.  The city is named after the husband of Ruth, from the Book of Ruth in the Bible. It is part of the 'Gadsden, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area'. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 7,411.  According to the 2005 U.S. Census estimates, the city had a population of 7,893.

References 

Cities in Alabama
The 1996 United States presidential election happened on November 5, 1996. Bill Clinton, the incumbent president and Democratic candidate, won reelection. He defeated Bob Dole, the Republican candidate, who was the former Senator of Kansas for president, and Ross Perot, the Reform Party candidate, who was a businessman. 

Perot received less media attention and was not included in the presidential debates and, while still getting large results for a third-party candidate, by U.S. standards, did not renew his success in the 1992 election.

Clinton benefited from an economy that recovered from the early 1990s recession, and a relatively stable world stage. On November 5, 1996, President Clinton went on to win re-election by a substantial popular vote margin with a large electoral college victory.

Election statistics
President Clinton went on to win re-election relatively easily despite becoming the first sitting president since Woodrow Wilson in 1916 to do so with under 50% of the National Vote (49%), while winning enough states to earn him 379 electoral votes. Senator Bob Dole from Kansas ran for the Republicans and was at the mercy of peaceful overseas relations and a thriving economy. He gained (41%) of the vote while winning enough states to win 159 electoral votes. The GOP did well in the congressional races however thus effectively positioning themselves for the 1998 midterms and the subsequent 2000 race for the White House.

References

Other websites 

1996 in the United States
1996 elections
1996
Bridgeport is a small city in Jackson County, Alabama, United States. At the time of 2000 census the population was 2,728. Bridgeport is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area.

Cities in Alabama
Brewton is a city in Escambia County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 5,498. The city is the county seat of Escambia County.

Government
The city government consists of mayor who is elected at large and five member city council who are each elected from a district.

Education
Schools in the Brewton City School System:
Brewton Elementary School, on Douglas Ave.
Brewton Middle School, on Liles Blvd.
T. R. Miller High School, on Douglas Ave.

Brewton is home to Jefferson Davis Community College, a small postsecondary school that primarily gives associate's degrees.

Culture and special events 

The annual Alabama Blueberry Festival is held at Burnt Corn Creek Park and downtown Brewton.

The Thomas E. McMillan Museum is on the campus of the Jefferson Davis Community College.

Notable natives or residents
 Wayne Frazier, pro football player, Auburn University, 
Teddy Keaton, Football coach, Stillman College
Kevin Sumlin, Football coach, Texas A&M Aggies football

References 

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Brighton is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 3,640.

Cities in Alabama
Brighton is a city in East Sussex. 

Brighton may also mean:

Places

Australia 
 Brighton, Queensland, a suburb of Brisbane
 Brighton, South Australia, a coastal suburb of Adelaide
 Brighton, Tasmania
 Brighton, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne
 Brighton-Le-Sands, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney

Canada 
 Brighton, Newfoundland and Labrador
 Brighton, Ontario

New Zealand 
 Brighton, New Zealand, Otago region

United States 
 Brighton, Alabama
 Brighton, Colorado
 Brighton Seminole Indian Reservation, Florida
 Brighton, Illinois
 Brighton Park, Chicago, Illinois
 Brighton, Indiana
 Brighton, Iowa
 Brighton, Boston, Massachusetts, a section of the city of Boston
 Brighton Plantation, Maine
 Brighton, Baltimore, Maryland
 Brighton, Michigan
 Brighton, Missouri
 Brighton, Monroe County, New York
 Brighton, Franklin County, New York
 Brighton, Syracuse, New York
 Brighton, Ohio
 Brighton, Tennessee
 Brighton, Vermont
 Brighton, Kenosha County, Wisconsin
 Brighton, Marathon County, Wisconsin
 Brighton Ski Resort, Utah
 Brighton High School (Utah)
East Brewton is a city in Escambia County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census, 2,478 people lived there.

Other websites 
 East Brewton Official Website
 Escambia County, Alabama Official Website
 Escambia County, Alabama Schools Official Website
 Brewton City Schools Official Website 

Cities in Alabama
Brundidge is a city in Pike County, Alabama, USA. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 2,341.

Cities in Alabama
Enterprise is a city in Coffee and Dale Counties in Alabama, United States. The population is 23,653 in 2006.

Education
Enterprise is served by Enterprise City Schools. Enterprise is also home to Enterprise–Ozark Community College, (also known as Enterprise State Junior College). A two-year college, the Enterprise campus is home to the Boll Weevils.

Notable people
 Kendrick Adams, NFL outside linebacker
 T. J. Barnes, NFL player
 Curly Chalker, country and jazz pedal steel guitarist
 Clint Crisher, R&B singer
 Juli Crockett, retired professional boxer, playwright, and theater director
 Jimmy DuBose, former NFL player
 Terry Everett, former representative from Alabama's 2nd congressional district
 Mark Fuller, federal judge for U. S. District Court, Middle District of Alabama
 Kenneth A. Gibson, former mayor of Newark, New Jersey
 Stewart Halcomb of The Springs
 David Howard, former NFL linebacker
 April Hunter, professional wrestler and model
 Jamey Johnson, country music artist born in Enterprise
 Jimmy McClain, NFL player
 Michael McDowell, screenwriter and author of several Southern Gothic novels
 Ben Paschal, reserve outfielder for the 1927 Yankees
 Thomas Virgil Pittman, former federal judge on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama and the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
 Cedric Smith, former NFL running back
 Aud Tuten, former NHL player with the Chicago Black Hawks (1941–43)
 Mark Wilkerson, lead singer of Course of Nature and husband of Melissa Joan Hart

References 

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Elba is a city in Coffee County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 4,185. The city is the county seat of Coffee County.

Education
Public Education is provided by the Elba City Public School District. There are two schools in the city:
Elba High School (grades 7 through 12)
Elba Elementary School (grades K through 6)

Media
Radio stations
WELB 1350 AM  (Classic Country and Southern Gospel)
WVVL 101.1 FM (Country)

Notable residents
James E. "Big Daddy" Folsom, only Coffee County native to become governor of Alabama.
Ronald McKinnon, National Football League player.
Cornelia Ellis Wallace(1939–2009), the second wife of Governor George C. Wallace, Jr. and the First Lady of Alabama from 1971–1978.

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Coffee County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of General John Coffee.  As of 2007 the population was 46,793.  Its county seats are Elba and Enterprise.

Geography
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of .  (or 99.78%) is land and  (or 0.22%) is water.

Major highways
 U.S. Highway 84
 State Route 27
 State Route 51
 State Route 87
 State Route 88
 State Route 92
 State Route 134

Border counties
Pike County (north)
Dale County (east)
Geneva County (south)
Covington County (west)
Crenshaw County (northwest)

Cities and towns 
Elba
Enterprise (part - part of Enterprise is in Dale County)
Kinston
New Brockton

Unincorporated communities
Alberton
Basin
Battens Crossroads
Bluff Springs
Brooklyn
Central City
Chesnut Grove
Clintonville
Clowers Crossroads
Coppinville
Curtis
Damascus
Danleys Crossroads
Frisco
Goodman
Ino
Jack
Java
Keyton
Lowry Mill
Newby
Perry Store
Pine Level
Rhoades
Richburg
Roeton
Shady Grove
Tabernacle
Turner Crossroads
Victoria
Wilkinstown
Zoar

Notable people
Jim Folsom, governor of Alabama from 1947 to 1951 and 1955 to 1959, was born in Coffee County.
Coffee is the hometown of Major League Baseball superstar Alex Rios
Coffee County is home to "The Dancing Ghost" of Grancer Harrison, featured in the book 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey.

References

1841 establishments in the United States
1840s establishments in Alabama
Evergreen is a city in Conecuh County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census, the population was 3,630. The city is the county seat of Conecuh County.

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Eutaw is a city in Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 1,878. The city is the county seat of Greene County and was named after the Revolutionary War battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina. It is part of the Tuscaloosa, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Eufaula is a city in Barbour County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 13,908.

Cities in Alabama
The Princess Helena (Helena Augusta Victoria: Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein by marriage; 25 May 1846 – 9 June 1923) was the third daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Helena was interested in nursing, needlework and writing, and she founded several nursing hospitals. In 1866, she married Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, a minor German prince with very little money, and they lived near Queen Victoria in the United Kingdom. After Victoria's death in 1901, Helena and Christian lived in London and Windsor. Prince Christian died in 1916, shortly after their 50th wedding anniversary, and Helena died six years later in 1923 and was buried in Frogmore Garden Windsor beside her husband .

References 
 Chomet, Seweryn, Helena: A princess reclaimed (Begell House, New York, 1999) 
 Marie Louise (Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein), My Memories of Six Reigns (Second edition, Penguin, Middlesex, 1959)
 Packard, Jerrold M., Victoria's Daughters (St Martin's Griffin, New York, 1998)

Other websites 
 ‘Helena, Princess [Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein] (1846–1923)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 22 Feb 2008

1846 births
1923 deaths
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Royalty from London
Oxford is a city in Calhoun and Talladega counties in the U.S. state of Alabama.  The population was 14,592 at the 2000 census.  Oxford is one of two principal cities of and included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

References

Cities in Alabama
Opp is a city in Covington County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 6,607.

References

Cities in Alabama
Ozark is a city in and the county seat of Dale County, Alabama, United States. In 1980 the population was 12,205, and in 1990 it was 13,030. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 15,119.

Notable Residents
 Josh Savage (1980-)
 Wilbur Jackson (NFL player)
 Korey McLeod   (Philosopher)
 Skylar "Sky2G" Stokes  (Platinum Rapper)

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Oneonta is a city in Blount County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 5,576. The city is the county seat of Blount County. Oneonta is home to the Covered Bridge Festival.

History
Oneonta became the county seat in 1889 when it was moved from Blountsville.

During World War II, a small POW camp was outside of Oneonta.

City government
The city government is made up a Mayor and a five-person city council.

References

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
The Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary: Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine by marriage; April 25, 1843 – December 14, 1878). 

She was the second daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. In 1861, she acted as the nurse to her dying father, and became interested in nursing. 

In 1862, she married Prince Louis of Hesse and moved to Hesse, where she had several children including Princess Elisabeth of Hesse, Alice Romanov Chaytow and Alexandra, future Russian Empress and wife of Tsar Nicholas II. 

After an unhappy marriage and a number of family deaths, the royal family of Hesse caught diphtheria. Alice's younger son died, and after kissing the elder one, she caught the disease and died on the anniversary of her father's death, 14 December 1878. She is buried in Hesse.

Titles and styles
 25 April 1843 – 1 July 1862: Her Royal Highness The Princess Alice
 1 July 1862 – 13 June 1877: Her Royal Highness Princess Louis of Hesse and by Rhine
 13 June 1877 – 14 December 1878: Her Royal Highness The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

References

Other websites
K. D. Reynolds, ‘Alice, Princess (1843–1878)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May 2007 accessed 27 Nov 2008

1843 births
1878 deaths
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
A Fnord is the typographic representation of disinformation or useless information with the intent to misdirect or confuse, with the implication of a conspiracy.
The word was coined as a nonsensical term with religious undertones in the Discordian religious text Principia Discordia (1965) by Kerry Thornley and Greg Hill, but was popularized by The Illuminatus! Trilogy (1975) of satirical conspiracy fiction novels by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson.

Books
The Illuminatus! Trilogy by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson,  (Hardback collected edition) &  (Paperback collected edition)
The Golden Apple by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson, 
Schrödinger's Cat by Robert Anton Wilson, 

Words
Disinformation is false or inaccurate information that is spread on purpose  and is intended to mislead. It may include the handing out of forged documents, manuscripts, and photographs, or circulating malicious rumors and fabricated intelligence. Quite often this word is used in context of a government or large organisation trying to cause difficulties for a rival.

References

Words
Discordianism is a postmodern religion in which disorder is as important as order, existing within chaos. It was founded circa 1958–1959 by Malaclypse the Younger, who published its most important text: the Principia Discordia.

The Sacred Chao and Five fingered hand of ERIS are the most recognized symbols of Discordianism.

Other websites 
 PrincipiaDiscordia.com – contains the Principia Discordia in HTML.

New religious movements
This is a list of the Mayors and Lord Mayors of Manchester in the North West of England.

Mayors of Manchester

1838–1892

Lord Mayors of Manchester

19th century

20th century

21st century

References

Other websites
The Lord Mayor's Office

Manchester
Lists
Lists about England
Manchester
A tractor is a strong work vehicle used for farming. It usually has a seat for only the driver, and can be used to pull many different tools or trailers.

References

Land vehicles
Agricultural machinery
The Metropolitan Borough of Trafford is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It is home to 211,800 people, covers 41 square miles, and includes the towns of Altrincham, Partington, Sale, Stretford, and Urmston.

References

Other websites

 www.trafford.gov.uk, Trafford Council.
 www.trafford.nhs.uk , Trafford NHS website.

Metropolitan boroughs
Greater Manchester
Ford Granada was a car produced by Ford Motor Company from 1972 through 1985 (1994 in UK). The Third Generation Granada was only sold as a Granada in UK; it was essentially a badge-engineered version of the First Generation Ford Scorpio.

The first generation appeared in March 1972 with saloon and estate versions, some lower-end models were called the Consul.  

The second generation launched in September 1977 with the same saloon and estate models and got a facelift in 1981. 

The third generation arrived in May 1985 with a hatchback version only, it was sold as the Scorpio in Europe and the Granada in the UK, the Scorpio name was used as a trim level on higher-end versions in the UK. A saloon version was added in early 1990 and an estate in early 1992. 

In late 1994, the Granada name was replaced by the Scorpio for all markets and was sold as a saloon or an estate, no hatchback was offered. However, the styling often divided opinion and didn’t sell too well and in 1998, the model was axed without a replacement.  

Granada
1970s automobiles
1980s automobiles
For the Ford Fusion sold in Europe, see Ford Fusion (Europe).

The American Ford Fusion is a car produced by Ford Motor Company since 2005 starting with the 2006 model year. It is sold in the Americas. The first generation model was produced from the 2006 to 2012 model years with a facelift in early 2009 as a 2010 model. The current second 
generation model launched in late 2012 as a 2013 model and was facelifted in Spring 2016 as a 2017 model. Ford is planning to discontinue the Fusion without a replacement due to more people buying Crossover vehicles and SUV's. 

Fusion (Americas)
2000s automobiles
A hand grenade is a small explosive device that is thrown at a target. It can be used as a weapon against an enemy soldier or vehicle. The most common type of grenade is the fragmentation grenade. Fragmentation grenades send out lots of very fast, very small fragments when they explode. Hand granades are usually thrown, and explode soon after that. Some specially designed grenades are fired from rifles or specially made grenade launchers. There are grenades which contain tear gas. These are used to control riots.

Hand grenades are used by the infantry. There are three main types: one which gives a big powerful blast to destroy bunkers, another which starts fires and another which contains shrapnel to hurt enemy soldiers. Most grenades are shaped like an egg, with a metal-arm on its top and a ring. When the ring is pulled out, the arm flips up and ignites a fuse. The user then has a few seconds to throw it and take cover, usually about 5 seconds. It explodes on impact and may injure or even kill people.

History 
Early grenades were iron balls, filled with gunpowder and with a long fuse that its user must light up with a match before throwing. Some were too big to throw, so soldiers rolled them. Some armies assigned special soldiers called "grenadiers" to throw or roll grenades.  

Grenades in the early 20th century exploded on contact. This was changed during World War I to time fuses. The German army used stick grenades (grenades with handles) during World War I and World War II. The Soviet Army used different grenades for attack and defence.

Related pages 
 Smoke grenade
 Ammunition

References 

Explosives
Diphtheria (pronounced "diff-THEER-ee-uh") is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It can be treated by special drugs, or by antibiotics. There is a vaccine which can prevent diphtheria.

Diphtheria can cause serious problems, like:
 Inflammation of the heart, which can lead to death
 Different forms of paralysis, by poisoning of nerve cells
 Pneumonia
 Encephalitis
 Problems with the kidneys

Signs and symptoms 
Signs and symptoms of diphtheria usually begin two to five days after a person gets infected.  They may include:
 A thick, gray membrane covering the throat and tonsils
 A sore throat and a hoarse voice
 Swollen glands (enlarged lymph nodes) in the neck
 Trouble breathing, or fast breathing
 Nasal discharge
 Fever and chills
 Malaise (feeling very tired and not having any energy)
In some people, infection with diphtheria-causing bacteria causes only a mild illness.  These people may have no obvious signs or symptoms. Infected people who do not know they have diphtheria are called carriers of diphtheria, because they can spread the infection without being sick themselves.

Cutaneous diphtheria 
A second type of diphtheria can affect the skin.  This type of diphtheria is called cutaneous diphtheria.  It causes pain, redness, and swelling on the skin, like other bacterial skin infections. People with cutaneous diphtheria may get ulcers, covered by a gray membrane, on their skin.

Cutaneous diphtheria is more common in tropical climates.  However, cutaneous diphtheria also happens in the United States, especially among people with poor hygiene who live in crowded conditions.

Mechanism 
Diphtheria toxin is produced by C. diphtheriae only when infected with a bacteriophage which integrates the toxin-encoding genetic elements into the bacteria.

References 

Diseases caused by bacteria
The North American Ford Escort was a car produced by Ford Motor Company from 1981 to 2003. Its successor, the Focus, was released in 2000. The first generation was made from model years 1981 to 1990. The second generation was made from model years 1991 to 1996. The third generation was made from model years 1997 to 2002. While the Focus came for the 2000 model year, the Escort continued for rental and fleet sales until 2002. The ZX2 was the coupe version launched for the 1998 model year and replaced the Probe in the line-up. It was facelifted for 2003 but then it was discontinued afterwards.  

Escort (North America)
1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Opelika is a city in and the county seat of Lee County in the east central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is a principal city, along with Auburn, in the Auburn-Opelika, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). According to 2005 Census estimates, the population of Opelika is 23,804.

Notable people from Opelika
George Bandy - State Representative from 1994 to 2018
Joe Beckwith - former Major League baseball pitcher with the 1985 World Series champion Kansas City Royals
 Brad Cotter - country music singer
 William Dickinson - U.S. Congressman from 1965 to 1993
 Billy Hitchcock - former Atlanta Braves manager
 Robert L. Howard - soldier of the U.S. Army
 Roy Lee Jackson - former Major League baseball player
 Rob Penny - playwright
 Lee W. Smith - diplomat, U.S. State Department
 James Voss - NASA astronaut
Robert L. Howard Medal of Honor recipient of the Vietnam War.

References

Cities in Alabama
County seats in Alabama
Gilbert Cosme (born May 25, 1976) is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler. He is better known by his ring names El Mesías and Ricky Banderas. Cosme began his career in the International Wrestling Association in Puerto Rico. While performing in the company, he won the IWA World Heavyweight Championship five times. He also held minor championships on fifteen times. Cosme left the company in 2006.

On March 12, 2006 he started wrestling in Asistencia Asesoría y Administración in Mexico as a character named Muerte Cibernetica. In November 2006, Cosme was involved in the tapings of the Wrestling Society X television series. He was the second and last wrestler to win the WSX Championship. Cosme returned to Puerto Rico and wrestled again with International Wrestling Association for a month. He then returned to Asistencia Asesoría y Administración in a special event presented by the company. At this time, he started using the name Mesias. In September 2007, the company held a tournament where all of the champions and first contenders wrestled. In the tournament, he won the GPCW Super-X Monster Championship and IWC World Heavyweight Championship. In the final match of the tournament, he became the first wrestler to win the AAA World Heavyweight Championship. While working in Mexico, Cosme signed a contract with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) where he started wrestling on September 13, 2007 as Judas Mesias. Cosme wrestled for TNA until March 2008. He is currently wrestling in Lucha Underground under his ring name Mil Muertes. He debuted for Lucha Underground on the episode, which aired on November 6, 2014.

References

Other websites
AAA profile 

1976 births
Living people
Puerto Rican professional wrestlers
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling alumni
High Wycombe is a large town in south Buckinghamshire. It has a population of about 92,300 people. The town is the second largest town in Buckinghamshire after Milton Keynes. High Wycombe is the central hub for south Buckinghamshire and parts of Berkshire, Oxfordshire and Hertfordshire. It has central bus and railway stations with services to London and Birmingham, England's two largest cities. It is also a shopping area. It has one of the largest shopping centres in England. The town is in the Chilterns, an area of natural beauty. This makes it a tourist location. It has a museum, a regional theatre, a tourist information centre and two National Trust properties within three miles of the town centre. It is also a sporting venue. The venue has a large football stadium and one of few olympic size swimming pools in the United Kingdom. The town has some colleges that offer quality education and several well-regarded grammar schools as well as Wycombe Abbey, a famous private girls school. Some of the top-rated colleges in High Wycombe are Highcrest Academy, Amersham & Wycombe College, and Royal Grammar School.

Notable residents past and present include:
Howard Jones
Jimmy Carr
Matt Dawson
Heston Blumenthal
Ian Dury

References

Other websites
Wycombe District Council

Towns in Buckinghamshire
Taylor is an English surname. It means "tailor". It may also mean Taylor, the given name.

Places 
 Australia
 Electoral district of Taylor
 Taylor, Australian Capital Territory

 Canada
 Taylor, British Columbia

 United States
 Taylor, Arizona
 Taylor, Arkansas
 Taylor, Indiana
 Taylor, Michigan
 Taylor, Mississippi
 Taylor, Nebraska
 Taylor, New York
 Taylor, Pennsylvania
 Taylor, Texas
 Taylor, Wisconsin
 Taylor, Wyoming
 Taylor County (disambiguation page)
 Similar names:
 Taylors, South Carolina
 Taylorsville, North Carolina
 Taylorville, Illinois

Fictional characters 
 Taylor Earhardt, Yellow Ranger from the TV series Power Rangers: Wild Force
 Col. George Taylor, main character from the movie Planet of the Apes
 Noah Taylor, minor character from the TV series Desperate Housewives
 Rick Taylor, main character from the video game series Splatterhouse
 Steven Taylor, one of the First Doctor's companions in the British series Doctor Who
 William Taylor, main character from the video game Nights: Journey of Dreams
 Jennifer Taylor, fictional character in the television series Queer as Folk
 Justin Taylor, fictional character in the television series Queer as Folk

Other uses 
 AMD Taylor, another name for the Turion 64 X2 computer processor
 Lord and Taylor, an American department store
 Taylor sept, a Clan Cameron group
 Taylor Corporation, printing company
 Taylor Guitars, a luthier in California, USA
 Taylor KO Factor, measure of the stopping power of rifle bullets
 Taylor rule, in economics, is a proposed policy relating to how interest rate should be changed
 Taylor series, in mathematics, is a way to represent any function in power series
 Taylor University, located in Indiana, USA
 "Taylor" (song), a song by Jack Johnson
 Taylors Eayre & Smith Ltd, bell founders of Loughborough, England
The Golden Crescent is the name given to one of Asia's two principal areas of illicit opium production, in South-central Asia and Western Asia. This space overlaps three nations, Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan, whose mountainous border areas define the crescent.

Pakistan
Afghanistan
Iran
French Beach of Karachi is a small fishing village. It is half way between Hawkes Bay and Paradise Point. The local people call it Haji Abdullah Goth. It is surrounded by a boundary wall. It has 20 huts for rent. The village does not have running water or electric power. Its rocky beach and clear waters are ideal for snorkeling and scuba diving. Visitors must bring their own equipment as well as food and drink supplies. 

Beaches of Pakistan
Karachi
The Royal College of St. Peter in Westminster, almost always known as Westminster School, is one of Britain's leading private schools. It has the highest number of students going to Oxford or Cambridge Universities of any secondary school or college (49.9%). It had the best GCSE results in 2013, with 98.16% of entries getting A* or A grades.

The school is near to Westminster Abbey in central London. It existed before the 12th century. The school's notable ex-students include Nick Clegg, Ben Jonson, Robert Hooke, Christopher Wren, Jeremy Bentham, and A. A. Milne. Boys enter the Westminster Under School when they are seven years old. They go to the main school when they are thirteen. Girls are allowed only at sixteen. The school has about 750 students. About a third are boarders (who live in the school). Most of the boarders go home for the weekends, after Saturday morning school. The school has eleven houses.

The school made Harris Westminster Sixth Form, a sixth form free school, with the Harris Federation in 2013. It opens in September 2014. It will give preference to applying students from poor backgrounds.

References

City of Westminster
Schools in London
Gadani Beach is a beach on the Arabian Sea. It is near the Hub River and Cape Monze in Gadani,  Lasbela District, Baluchistan, Pakistan. 

Many ships have been broken up for scrap at Gadani Beach, including the SS Canberra in 1997.

Beaches of Pakistan
Hawksbay Town or Hawksbay Housing Scheme No.42 is in Keamari Town in Karachi, Sindh, in Pakistan. Hawke's Bay Town was notified in July 1984 by Karachi Development Authority.

Geography of Pakistan
Karachi
Paradise Point is a beach in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Paradise Point is a sandstone rock promontory with a natural arch.

The beach has attractions for families and tourists, including beachside horse and camel rides, amusement parks, restaurants, and swimming in the Arabian Sea.

Other beaches close to the city include Sandspit Beach, Hawke's Bay, and Clifton beach.

Beaches of Pakistan
Karachi
David Nizaam "Brownsound" Baksh (born 26 July, 1980 in Ajax, Ontario) is a Canadian guitarist, singer and producer of Guyanese descent, best known as the former guitarist of successful pop punk band Sum 41, but has since became a singer/guitarist in his own heavy metal/reggae project Brown Brigade.

Canadian guitarists
1980 births
Living people
People from Ontario
Half Hour of Power is Sum 41's debut EP. Despite its title, there is only 24 minutes of music on it. It was released on June 27, 2000 on Big Rig Records, a subsidiary of Island Records (US), and Aquarius Records (Canada).

Track listing 
 "Grab the Devil by the Horns and **** Him Up the ***" - 1:06
 "Machine Gun" – 2:29
 "What I Believe" – 2:49
 "T.H.T. (Tables Have Turned)" – 0:43
 "Makes No Difference" – 3:10
 "Summer" – 2:40
 "32 Ways to Die" – 1:30
 "Second Chance for Max Headroom" – 3:51
 "Dave's Possessed Hair/It's What We're All About" – 3:47
 "Ride the Chariot to the Devil" – 0:55
 "Another Time Around" – 3:19 (6:52 with added silence to make album length thirty minutes)
 "Makes No Difference" - (Japanese Bonus Enchanced Video Track)
 "Gone Gone Gonerrhea - (Japanese Bonus Enchanced Video Track)

2000 albums
Sum 41