cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Shriram Lagoo (16 November 1927 – 17 December 2019) was an Indian actor. He was known for his character roles in movies. He acted in over 100 Hindi and Marathi movies. He won the 1978 Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award for the Hindi movie Gharaonda. He also starred in the movie Gandhi.

Lagoo died at a hospital in Pune of cardiac arrest on 17 December 2019 at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
 

1927 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Indian stage actors
Indian voice actors
People from Bombay
Terrence Hardiman (born 6 April 1937) is an English actor. He is best known for playing The Demon Headmaster and also for his role as Luftwaffe Police Major Reinhardt in the 1970s drama series Secret Army. He also starred in the movie Gandhi. Hardiman was born in Forest Gate, Essex.

References

Other websites

Unofficial Terrence Hardiman website

1937 births
Living people
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
English voice actors
Actors from Essex
John Richard Briley (June 25, 1925 – December 14, 2019) was an American screenwriter. He was best known for screenplays of biographical movies. He won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay at the 1982 Oscars for Gandhi.

He died on December 14, 2019, aged 94.

References

Other websites

Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
1925 births
2019 deaths
American screenwriters
American novelists
American playwrights
Writers from Michigan
People from Kalamazoo, Michigan
Billy Williams OBE, BSC (born 3 June 1929) is a British cinematographer. He was born in London.

Williams is known for his works for Women in Love (1969), Gandhi (1982), for which he won an Oscar, and On Golden Pond (1981). He worked in the RAF as a photographer. On leaving the RAF he got a job with British Transport Films (BTF), filming all forms of transportation.

Williams retired on New Year's Day 1996. He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours.

References

Academy Award winners
1929 births
Living people
British cinematographers
British photographers
People from London
Ju Wenjun (; born 31 January 1991) is a Chinese chess grandmaster. She is the current Women's World Chess Champion. She was born in Shanghai.

In December 2004, Ju Wenjun placed third in the Asian Women's Chess Championship in Beirut. This result qualified her to play in her first Women's World Chess Championship in 2006. She competed in this event also in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2017.

References

Other websites
Ju Wenjun chess games at 365Chess.com
Ju Wenjun team chess record at OlimpBase.org

1991 births
Living people
Chinese chess players
People from Shanghai
Chlorella is a genus of single-cell green algae. It is in the division Chlorophyta. It is microscopic in size and round in shape.

Chlorella has in its body two green color substances: "chlorophyll-a" and "chlorophyll b." It uses photosynthesis, similar to plants which also have chlorophyll. It multiplies rapidly, needing only carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and a small amount of minerals to reproduce.

Many people believe Chlorella can serve as a possible source of food and energy. This is because its photosynthesis process can, in theory, reach 8% efficiency. This is even better than that of other highly efficient crops such as sugar cane, which are already being used for food and energy.

In 1961, Melvin Calvin of the University of California received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research on the pathways of carbon dioxide assimilation using Chlorella.

Chlorella reproduce asexually by aplanospores. A single chlorellon cell produces at least 16 non-motile aplanospores and each one of them matures into an individual unicellular alga (chlorellon) under favourable conditions. There are no any reports of sexual reproduction in Chlorella.

References

Algae
Plant physiology
"Arirang" (; )  is a Korean folk song. It is sometimes thought of as the unofficial national anthem of Korea. There are almost 3,600 variations for 60 versions of the song. All of these have a part of the song similar to "Arirang, arirang, arariyo ()". People think that the song is almost 600 years old.

"Arirang" is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list two times. This is because both South Korea and North Korea submitted the song for being included on the list. South Korea submitted the song in 2012 and North Korea submitted the song in 2014.

History

Origin
People think that "Arirang" came from Jeongseon in the Gangwon Province of South Korea. According to a legend, the song came from the story of a man and a woman who fell in love. This was while they were picking camellia flowers. In one version of the story, the man can't cross the Auraji river because the water is too high. Because of this, they sing a song to show how sorrowful they were. In the second version of the story, the man tries to cross the Auraji and drowns. In that version, he sings the song after he dies.

Another theory says that the song came from Lady Aryeong. It says that "arin" came from the Jurchen word for "hometown" and a Chinese song called "Airang."

References

History of Korea
Korean music
Songs
Morocco uses Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) all year round since 26 October 2018. The country used to observe daylight saving time (DST).

Daylight saving time 
Morocco first used DST in 1939 and 1940 and again in 1950. It returned in 1967 but was abandoned after that and returned in 1974 and was observed until 1978. After that, Morocco used Western European Time (WET) (UTC+00:00) all year round. In 1984, Morocco changed to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) and returned to WET in 1986.

In 2008, Morocco once again started using daylight saving time. DST in 2008 started on Sunday 1 June and ended on Monday 1 September. In 2009, it started on Monday 1 June and ended on Friday 21 August. In 2010, DST started on 2 May and ended on 8 August, and in 2011 it started on Sunday 3 April and ended on Sunday 31 July.

In 2012, Morocco changed the rules for DST as it started on the last Sunday in April with a pause during Ramadan, and ending on the last Sunday in September. In 2013, the end of DST shifted to the last Sunday of October and adopted the European daylight saving schedule.

In 2018, Morocco stopped using summer time and moved to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) all year round. This is the first time Morocco has used CET since 1984.

References 

Morocco
Morocco
Sun Yat-sen's Tomb is the tomb (place for the dead body) of Sun Yat-sen and a large park around the tomb. It is a scenic spot and historical site in Nanjing, China.A mausoleum is a building used to store the remains of people who have died. Instead of being buried in soil, like in a cemetery, they are placed in chambers behind walls, or in a vault under the floor. The word came from the name of an ancient king.Sun yat sun is a leader of China.You can go to there by bus Route254,324.

Name
Sun Yat-sen's tomb is so big that it is also called . (A mausoleum is a tomb so big that it is like a palace.)

History
Sun Yat-sen was a famous leader of China. He changed China's political system. After he died, the Chinese government made him this tomb.

Nanjing
Burial monuments and structures
Hongshan Forest Zoo (), “The Red Mount Forest Zoo” is a zoo that located in Suanwu District, Nanjing, and covers about 1026 acres. It was built in 1998. For adults, the price is 40 yuan, but for children, the price is 20 yuan. It is open from 7:30 to 16:30.

Organisms
The park is divided into bird area, beast area, herbivores and primates exhibition area, Amphibian and reptile hall and other major animal exhibition spots, gathering more than 3000 rare animals of more than 280 kinds from all over the world. It also has some rare animals in the world like Elephas maximus, white tiger, mandrill, and some first class national protect animals such as pandas, golden monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes, amur tigers, Yangtze alligators.

Other websites 
 Official website

Nanjing
Zoos
Buildings and structures in China
1990s establishments in China
1998 establishments in Asia
Buildings and structures completed in the 20th century
The Nanjing Massacre Museum is a museum about the 1937–1938 Nanjing Massacre in Nanjing, China. It is also known as the  because it is also a memorial hall to remember the many Chinese people who were killed during the massacre by the Imperial Japanese Army.

History

Nanjing (then spelled "Nanking" in English) was China's capital city during the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, Japan was an empire that included Korea and Taiwan. During the 1930s, Japan started the Second Sino-Japanese War and tried to take over all of China. This became part of World War II, as Japan's friend Germany took over Poland and Italy joined their wars and started some of its own. When the Japanese army got to Nanjing in December 1937 and January 1938, it did not only fight the Chinese army; it also killed many other people who were not fighting at all. It also committed many, many war crimes against the people in the city. It is even hard to count how many people were killed or hurt in all, because the Japanese treated the bodies and the people so badly. The Chinese government says 300,000 people were killed and more were hurt.

To remember the people who were killed and hurt and to fight Japanese people who say nothing very bad happened in Nanjing, the city government built the Nanjing Massacre Museum in 1985. In 1995, with the city growing richer from China's Opening-Up Policy, the museum was made larger and better.

Grounds
The memorial (place to remember something) consists of three major parts: a museum that shows historical records and other things from the massacre, an outdoor area, and a covered area that holds the bones of many of the people who died in the massacre. The building has about 3,000 square meters or 32,000 square feet of floor space. The rest of the museum covers another 25,000 square meters or 6 acres of land around the building. The memorial uses architecture, sculptures, and videos to show what happened during the Nanjing Massacre.

Visiting

Admission to the Nanjing Massacre Museum is free. It is open from 8:30 to 4:30 from Tuesday to Sunday. The museum is closed every Monday.

You can go there by taking the underground or by buses.

Other websites

Buildings and structures in Nanjing
Museums in China
Philip Martin Brown (born 9 July 1956) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the role of Grantly Budgen in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road, he was the longest serving cast member, appearing in nine series, from 2006 to 2013. He has also had roles in TV shows such as A Horseman Riding By, Wing and a Prayer, City Central, Casualty, Coronation Street, Death Comes to Pemberley and The Worst Witch.

Personal life and awards
He attended Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Boys where his favourite subject was English. At the end of his fifth year, Brown was asked to leave the school, later stating that he was a "dreadful troublemaker". He lives in Paddock Wood, Kent, with his wife. They have two children.

In 2010, Brown was nominated for the Best Actor prize in the 2010 TV Choice Awards, and won it three years in a row.

He is an ex-epileptic and had to leave the stage until he underwent brain surgery which has left him seizure-free for 22 years.

Brown was diagnosed with epilepsy at the age of 19 and is now an ambassador for the charity Young Epilepsy.

Other websites

1956 births
Living people
British television actors
British movie actors
Actors from Manchester
People from Lancashire
The Nanjing Presidential Palace is the palace in Nanjing, China, that was used by China's president when Nanjing was China's capital city in the 1920s and 1930s. Its Chinese name is the Nánjīng Zǒngtǒngfǔ (南京总统府). It is located at 292 Changjiang Road in Nanjing's Xuanwu District.

It includes an office block for the Kuomingtang. It was built in March 1853. On 1 January 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the Provisional President of the Republic of China here. After that, it became the official residence of the Jiangsu military governors. It became the office of the Kuomingtang in 1927. After the occupation of Nanjing by Japanese troops in December 1937, the offices of the Kuomingtang served as the headquarters of the Japanese troops. On 23 April 1949, the People's Liberation Army reached Nanjing. They occupied the Presidential Palace on the next day.

The presidential palace includes the West and East Gardens, two classic Chinese gardens. There are many trees and flowers among the pavilions, bamboo, and two lakes.

Nanjing Presidential Palace is near Dahanggong Station (Line 2) and Zhujiang Road Station (Line 1) on the Nanjing Subway.

Sources
  

Nanjing
Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo is a zoo located on Yanlu Road in Gulou District, Nanjing, China. It is a national AAAA tourist attraction. The total area of the park is 68 hectares or 168 acres. 

85% of the mountain area of the zoo is covered with a forest. It has 216 species and 2600 species of rare animals from around the world.

Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo has more than 4000 animals and rare species. These include white tigers, ring-tailed lemurs, chimpanzees, chromotropic pythons, and penguins. It has government-protected animals: giant and red pandas, golden and black-leafed monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes,  manchurian tigers, green peacocks, and alligators. There are also Asian elephants, giraffes, zebras, kangaroos, leopards, and other rare animals. Among the 20 kinds of birds are grey and blue magpies,and parrots.

Nanjing
Zoos
Buildings and structures in China
The Nanjing City Wall is the city wall of Nanjing, China. Most of it was made during the early Ming Dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China.

The city wall has a Jingshiying Tianfu four city wall pattern. It consists of four walls: namely, the imperial city, the imperial city, the capital city, and the outer city. Now, the name mainly refers to the well-preserved capital city wall, which is the longest, largest, and best-preserved old city wall in the world, with a total preserved length of 25.1 km. 

The city wall you see in Nanjing today was built in 1366 (Yuan to Zheng 26 years) and completed in 1393 (Ming Hongwu 26 years), 27 years in all. Building it used 1 ministry, 3 weis, 5 provinces, 28 prefectures, and 152 prefectures and counties. A total of 280,000 migrant workers made it using about 350 million urban bricks.

Its gates include the Gate of China, the Zhongshan Gate, and the Xuanwu Gate.

Walls
Buildings and structures in Nanjing
Brittany Petros (born September 9, 1974) is an American actress, producer, and television personality. She first rose to fame as a cast member on the first season of the reality-television competition Big Brother (2000), and has since gone on to appear as an actress in various roles. She has also done extensive work in production and casting roles.

Other websites
 
Brittany Petros on Instagram

Living people
1974 births
American producers
Jiming Temple was first built in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Nanjing. Since the Middle Ages, Jiming Temple has been known as the First Temple of the Southern Dynasties. 

The history of Jiming Temple can be traced back to Qixuan Temple in Wu during the Three Kingdoms. At that time, the place where Jiming Temple now sits was a garden around a hilltop. Around the year 300, a temple was built on the hill. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was part of the Tingwei Department. In 527, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty built Tongtai Temple on Jiming Island, which made it a real Buddhist resort. In 1387, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered the demolition of its old houses and a reconstruction and enlargement of its temples. This emperor is the one who named it "Jiming Temple". After the improvements of the Xuande, Chenghua, and Hongzhi Emperors, the courtyard was very large, covering more than 100 mu. Later, the ancient temple was destroyed by a fire in Xianfeng. Although it was rebuilt during the Tongzhi Era and its incense has flourished, the scale of the temple has been greatly reduced.

China
William Alan J. Watson (1933 – 7 November 2018) was a Scottish law and legal history expert. He was born in Edinburgh. He was known for his works in Roman law, comparative law, legal history, and law and religion. He is known for creating the term "legal transplants". 

Watson worked at Oxford University, before taking the Douglas Chair in Civil Law at the School of Law of his alma mater, the University of Glasgow. He was Distinguished Research Professor at the University of Georgia School of Law at the time of his death.

Watson died on 7 November 2018 at the age of 85.

References

Other websites
 

Living people
1933 births
People from Edinburgh
Scottish writers
British lawyers
British educators
British historians
Harold Basch (; 29 November 1940 – 8 November 2018) was an American-born Israeli chemist and educator. He was born in New York City. He was a Professor of Chemistry who worked in Computational Chemistry. He worked at Bar Ilan University.

In 1970 he joined the Chemistry Department at Bar-Ilan University (BIU) as an Associate Professor and became a full Professor in 1977. During his career, Prof. Basch published more than 180 papers and book chapters.

Basch died in Ramat Gan, Israel on 8 November 2018 at the age of 77.

References

Other websites
 Prof. Harold Basch's lecture, given during the conference "The Power to Detect and Create: Ethical Challenges Emerging from DNA Technology and Genetics - The Impact of Genetics on Jewish Living and Jewish Ethics", held jointly by Bar-Ilan University, The Center for Bioethics at Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, and the Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine in New York.
 UM and Israel’s Planned Medical School Begin Collaboration - Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami.
 Harold Basch: Executive Profile & Biography - Bloomberg

1940 births
2018 deaths
American chemists
Educators from New York City
Israeli chemists
Scientists from New York City
David John Finney  (3 January 1917 – 12 November 2018), was a British statistician
and Professor Emeritus of Statistics at the University of Edinburgh. He was born in Latchford, Warrington.

He was Director of the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Statistics from 1954 to 1984 and a former President of the Royal Statistical Society and of the Biometric Society. He was known for the development of systematic monitoring of drugs for detection of adverse reactions. 

Finney turned 100 in January 2017 and died on 12 November 2018 at the age of 101 following a short illness.

References

1917 births
2018 deaths
British educators
British centenarians
British statisticians
Everett A. Kelly (September 2, 1926 – November 13, 2018) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Foley, Alabama.

Biography 
He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing 35th district from 1978 to 1982, the 46th district from 1982 to 1992, and the 42nd district from 1992 until 2000.

Kelly was Speaker Pro Tempore from 1990 to 1992. He died in Tavares, Florida on November 13, 2018 at the age of 92.

References

1926 births
2018 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Alabama
Politicians from Florida
US Republican Party politicians
Shootsta is a business that helps companies make videos, like commercials. Shootsta is known for being successful as a subscription based service. Shootsta has offices in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Hong Kong and Singapore. When Shootsta was getting started, it raised USD$7,000,000. Shootsta is able to do more or less for a customer based on what the customer needs, which is known as "scalable."

Reference 

Technology companies of Europe
Companies of England
Richard Marvin DeVos Jr. (born October 21, 1955) is an American businessman. In 2006, DeVos ran for Governor of Michigan, but lost to Jennifer Granholm. DeVos is the spouse of Betsy DeVos, the current United States Secretary of Education.

References 

1955 births
Businesspeople from Grand Rapids, Michigan
American Christians
American philanthropists
American activists
Republicans (United States)
Politicians from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Richard DeVos
Living people
Adolf Grünbaum (; May 15, 1923 – November 15, 2018) was a German-American philosopher and a critic of psychoanalysis. He was the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1960 until his death. He was born in Cologne.

He also was Co-Chairman of its Center for Philosophy of Science from 1978 until his death, Research Professor of Psychiatry since 1979, and Primary Research Professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science since 2006.

His works include Philosophical Problems of Space and Time (1963), The Foundations of Psychoanalysis (1984), and Validation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis (1993).

Grünbaum was Jewish. He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 15, 2018 at the age of 95.

References

1923 births
2018 deaths
20th-century American philosophers
21st-century American philosophers
Analytic philosophers
German Jews
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish philosophers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Cologne
Refugees from Nazism
Yale University alumni
Pablo Ferro (January 15, 1935 – November 16, 2018) was a Cuban-born American graphic designer, movie titles designer, and founder of Pablo Ferro Films. He was known for designing the titles for Dr. Strangelove, A Clockwork Orange and Bullitt. Ferro was born in Antilla, Cuba. 

Ferro died in Sedona, Arizona on November 16, 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 83.

References

Other websites
 

1935 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Arizona
American artists
Cuban people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Sedona  is a city in the counties of Coconino and Yavapai in the northern Verde Valley region of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 10,031.

References

Cities in Arizona
Héctor Beltrán Leyva (February 15, 1965 – November 18, 2018) was a Mexican drug lord. He was the leader of the Beltrán Leyva Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. He was the brother of Arturo Beltrán Leyva (deceased), former leader of the cartel.

He was the second-in-command and rose to the leadership of the criminal organization after his brother's death on 16 December 2009 during a confrontation with Mexican marines.

Beltrán Leyva was arrested by the Mexican Army on 1 October 2014. He would be imprisoned and died at a jail cell in Toluca, Mexico on November 18, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 53.

References

1965 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Criminals
Mexican people
Waldyr Geraldo Boccardo (28 January 1936 – 18 November 2018) was a Brazilian basketball player. Boccardo was born in São Manuel, Brazil. He was a member of the team that won the title at the 1959 World Championship and the bronze medal at the 1960 Olympics.

Boccardo died in Rio de Janeiro on 18 November 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 82.

References

1936 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Brazil
Brazilian Olympians
Olympic bronze medalists
Basketball players
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, its population was 46,034. The county seat  is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.

References

Oregon counties
Pennsylvania German (Deitsch; also called Pennsylvania Dutch) is a dialect of German spoken in the United States and Canada. Most speakers of Pennsylvania German are members of the Amish or Mennonite communities. About 350,000 people speak the dialect.

History 

The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers mostly come from the Palatinate area in Germany. Other immigrants came from Switzerland, Swabia, Baden, and/or Alsace. These immigrants mostly settled in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The Pennsylvania German dialect was widely spoken in Pennsylvania until the 20th century. The Amish and Mennonite communities continued to speak the dialect.

Kutztown University has a Pennsylvania German program, and offers a minor degree to students.

Differences with Standard German 

Pennsylvania German grammar is simpler than Standard German. The genitive case is lost, and adjective endings are simplified.

The sounds œ, ø (ö) and y (ü) in Standard German are not present in Pennsylvania German. So the word Köpfe (heads) becomes Kepp in the dialect. Also, Kühe (cows) becomes Kieh.

The Lord's Prayer

References

Other websites 

Learning Resources:

 Pennsylvania German Online Dictionary
 List of helpful comprehensive grammar videos made by Douglas Madenford.
 Online Grammar Reference. You may need the author's book to use this site. 

Others:

 Hiwwe wie Driwwe – The Pennsylvania German Newspaper
 German Society of Pennsylvania
 The Pennsylvania German Society
 Deutsch-Pennsylvanischer Arbeitskreis / German-Pennsylvanian Association
 Recordings of native speakers 
 Pennsylvania German in non-Amish, non-Mennonite communities
 From the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online

Dialects of languages with ISO codes
German dialects
Languages of the United States
Mark McGowan (born 13 July 1967) is the 30th and current Premier of Western Australia. He became premier on 17 March 2017. He is from the Labor Party.

References

1967 births
Living people
People from Perth, Western Australia
Premiers of Western Australia
Australian Labor Party politicians
Ricardo Muñoz (born October 26, 1965) is a Mexican-American politician. He is a member of the Chicago City Council as alderman for the 22nd ward. It includes Little Village and Archer Heights. 

Muñoz was appointed to this position by Mayor Richard M. Daley in 1993. He is the longest tenured Latino and fourth longest tenured member of the Chicago City Council.

On August 2, 2010 Muñoz took the unusual step of admitting that he was an alcoholic just six months before standing for re-election.

Munoz endorsed Chris Kennedy in the 2018 Democratic gubernatorial primary.

References

1965 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Chicago City Council members
Mexican politicians
US Democratic Party politicians
Bartow is a town in Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 286. The town was originally named "Spier's Turnout", but was changed to honor the first Confederate officer to die in battle, Colonel Francis S. Bartow of Savannah, Georgia.

References

Towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
Carl Weathers (born January 14, 1948) is an American actor, voice actor and former professional football player. He is well known for portraying the roles of Apollo Creed in the Rocky, Al Dillon in Predator, Chubbs Peterson in Happy Gilmore and Little Nicky, and as himself on the comedy series Arrested Development. 

As a football player, Weathers played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the B.C. Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.

References

Other websites

1948 births
Living people
Oakland Raiders players
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Sportspeople from Louisiana
Actors from New Orleans, Louisiana
Betty Lou Flanagan Bumpers (January 11, 1925 – November 23, 2018) was an American health activist and civil servant. She was the First Lady of Arkansas, from 1971 to 1975. 

She was an activist for childhood immunizations and world peace. She and Rosalynn Carter ran a successful campaign to ensure that all American school children were immunized. She was also the widow of Dale Bumpers, former State governor and U.S. Senator.

Bumpers died on November 23, 2018 from complications of dementia and a broken hip in Little Rock, Arkansas at the age of 93.

References

Other websites
 Betty Bumpers Childhood Immunization Project Papers, University of Arkansas Libraries Special Collections

1925 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Deaths from fractured hip
American activists
Writers from Arkansas
US Democratic Party politicians
On November 19, 2018, a mass shooting took place at the Mercy Hospital and Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. An attending physician, a pharmaceutical assistant, a Chicago Police officer and the perpetrator were killed.

Local authorities identified the suspect as a 32-year-old man who was killed by police. The perpetrator was discovered within the hospital at around 3:20 p.m. and shot in the head.

References

2018 in Illinois
2018 mass shootings
2018 murders in the United States
2010s in Chicago
2010s mass shootings in the United States
November 2018 events
Mercy Hospital and Medical Center is a 292-bed general medical and surgical Catholic teaching hospital in Near South Side, Chicago, Illinois. It was built in 1852. 

The hospital was the first chartered hospital in Chicago. In 1859, Mercy Hospital became the first Catholic hospital to affiliate with a medical school—Lind Medical School—and the first to require a graded curriculum. 

Mercy also is the hospital used by the Daley family: all of their children were born there. Mercy sold a plot of land to the north of their hospital for 60 million dollars in 2008. It is also the main women's cancer center in Illinois. 

It accepted patients from Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center and absorbed the ambulance routes when the hospital closed in 2008. In 2012, Mercy Hospital and Medical Center was ranked #35 for all hospitals in the State of Illinois and #27 in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report.

On November 19, 2018, four people were shot near the hospital.

References

Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
Hospitals in the United States
1852 establishments in the United States
1850s establishments in Illinois
Edward M. "Ed" Burke (born December 29, 1943) is an American politician. He is an alderman of the 14th Ward of the City of Chicago. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Burke was first elected to the Chicago City Council in 1969, and represents part of the city's Southwest Side. Burke has been called Chicago's "most powerful alderman" by the Chicago Sun-Times. Burke was named one of the "100 Most Powerful Chicagoans" by Chicago Magazine.

Burke is the longest-serving aldermen in Chicago history.

Burke is the lead partner in a law firm that works in property tax appeals. On November 29, 2018, Burke's office at Chicago City Hall and his Aldermanic ward office were seized by federal agents, who ejected staff and papered over the doors and windows.

References

1943 births
Living people
Chicago City Council members
US Democratic Party politicians
Central is a town in Pickens County, South Carolina, United States.  As of the 2010 census, the population was 5,159. It got its name from its geographic location, being the halfway or central point between Atlanta and Charlotte. The main campus of Southern Wesleyan University is located east of the downtown area.

References

Towns in South Carolina
Brigadier David Arthur Granger (born 15 July 1945) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. He was President of Guyana from 2015 to 2020. He was Commander of the Guyana Defence Force and National Security Adviser from 1990 to 1992. He was Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly of Guyana from 2012 to 2015.

In November 2018, Granger was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

In 2020, he lost his re-election bid to Irfaan Ali.

References

1945 births
Living people
Presidents of Guyana
Generals
People with cancer
People from Georgetown, Guyana
Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway (born Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby, , on 19 August 1973) is the wife of Crown Prince Haakon, heir apparent to the throne of Norway.

She was a controversial figure at the time of her engagement to Haakon in 2000. She became crown princess of Norway upon her marriage in 2001. In this role, she has championed humanitarian projects and arts, as well as taking part in official visits at home and abroad. 

In October 2018 she was diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis, which will limit her official programmes.

References

1973 births
Living people
Norwegian royalty
Princes and princesses
European philanthropists
Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway (; Haakon Magnus;  born 20 July 1973) is the only son and younger child of King Harald V and Queen Sonja and heir apparent to the throne of Norway.

He has an older sister, Princess Märtha Louise. In accordance with Norway's agnatic primogeniture succession, Haakon became crown prince when his father ascended the throne in 1991.

The Skaugum Estate, in the Semsvannet area, is the official residence of the Crown Prince and Crown Princess.

References

Other websites
 Haakon's biography on the Royal Court's official website
 Haakon, Norges kronprins. NRK interview for his 18th birthday
 (translation of title: - The couple, the Crown Prince and Crown Princess, are doing political work) "- Kronprinsparet driver politisk arbeid" 

1973 births
Living people
Princes and princesses
Norwegian royalty
Nafisa Ali (born 18 January 1957) is an Indian Bengali actress, activist and politician. She is a member of the Indian National Congress. Ali was born in Kolkata, West Bengal.

She has acted in several Bollywood movies, the notable ones being Junoon (1979) with Shashi Kapoor, Major Saab with Amitabh Bachchan (1998), Bewafaa (2005), Life In A... Metro (2007) and Yamla Pagla Deewana (2010) with Dharmendra.

In November 2018, Ali was diagnosed with stage 3 peritoneal and ovarian cancer.

References

Other websites

An interview with Nafisa Ali
A write-up on Nafisa Ali
Nafeesa Ali's website

1957 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Indian politicians
Political activists
People with cancer
The village of Bolingbrook is a southwest suburb of Chicago that is partially in both Will and DuPage counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2017 US Census, the population is 75,201. It is the state's second largest village.

References

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Settlements in DuPage County, Illinois
Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County in the U.S. state of Illinois. A suburb of Chicago, it lies about  northwest of the city's downtown. The population was 75,101 at the 2010 census. It is the largest village in the United States.

References

Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Villages in Illinois
Heather Ann Nauert (born January 27, 1970) is an American journalist and government official. She was the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State from April 24, 2017 until April 3, 2019, appointed by President Donald Trump. 

Nauret is a former ABC News correspondent and news presenter on the Fox News program Fox & Friends. She also was Acting Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs from March to October 2018.

On November 1, 2018, it was reported that President Trump offered Nauert the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations to replace the outgoing officeholder, Nikki Haley. On December 7, 2018, President Trump nominated her to replace Haley. She withdrew her nomination on February 16, 2019.

References

Other websites

 "Nauert, Heather: Biography". U.S. Department of State.
 "Nauert, Heather: Biography on IMDB"
 
 

1970 births
Living people
American political commentators
American television news anchors
People from Rockford, Illinois
Journalists from Illinois
Politicians from Illinois
US Republican Party politicians
Markice Moore, also known as Kesan, (born July 31, 1986) is an American actor, rapper and Reality TV star. He is best known for playing Ryan Payne in Tyler Perry's The Paynes

Career
Moore is known for MTV's From G's to Gents (Season 1) and Warner Bros. Pictures' ATL.  He is best known from punching fellow cast member E6 in the face during the reunion episode of MTV's From G's To Gents (Season 1).

In 2012, Moore portrayed Andrew on The Walking Dead television series. Moore had originally auditioned for the pilot episode for the role of T-Dog, which went to IronE Singleton.

In 2018, he earned the role of Ryan Payne on the OWN sitcom, Tyler Perry's The Paynes. Moore's character, Ryan.

Legal problems
In 2010, Moore was charged with cruelty to children, after police investigators determined that he assaulted his infant daughter.

In 2011 the charges against Moore were suspended. He went on to marry his child's mother and had another baby girl.

Filmography

Television

Movie

References

Other websites 
 
 
 
 Markice Moore at MySpace

1986 births
Living people
African-American movie actors
African-American television actors
Rap musicians from New Jersey
Actors from New Jersey
New Brunswick, New Jersey
Stephanie Charles (born May 24, 1979) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Nyla Payne in Tyler Perry's The Paynes.

Career
In 2018, she played the role of Nyla Payne on the OWN sitcom, Tyler Perry's The Paynes. Her character is Nyla.

Filmography

Television

Other websites 

1979 births
Living people
African-American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
New Brunswick, New Jersey
Robert Catesby (3 March 1572 – 8 November 1605) was a conspirator and leader of group who planned the Gunpowder Plot, but failed.

References 

1572 births
1605 deaths
British people
English Roman Catholics
People from Warwickshire
Deaths by firearm in England
JayDon McCrary (born July 18, 2007) is an American singer, dancer and actor from Los Angeles, California. He is currently starring in Tyler Perry's The Paynes as Kenny Payne on the Oprah Winfrey Network. He will also provide the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney movie The Lion King (2019).

Career 
McCrary began his acting career in 2015 at age 8 on K.C. Undercover, where he appeared on two episodes. In 2016, he made a guest appearance on Childish Gambino's song "Terrified". In 2017, he later appeared on I'm Dying Up Here and Teachers as minor roles. He then had live performances on Little Big Shots singing The Jackson 5's "I Want You Back", The Ellen Show singing "Who's Loving You", and the 60th Annual Grammy Awards to support Childish Gambino's "Terrified".

McCrary stars in Tyler Perry's The Paynes on the Oprah Winfrey Network. McCrary officially joined the Disney/Hollywood Records. He will also be acting as the young Dr. Dre on Apple's Vital Signs and will provide the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney film The Lion King in 2019.

In an interview with Vibe magazine, McCrary cited Michael Jackson as his biggest influence, as well as Stevie Wonder, Bruno Mars, Justin Bieber, and Chris Brown.

Discography

Singles

Guest appearances

Filmography

Movie

Television

References

Other websites 

Actors from Los Angeles
American child singers
2007 births
American movie actors
Living people
African American actors
Primate cities are cities in a country that have far more people and influence than every other city in it. For it to be called a primate city, it must have more than two times as many people and two times as much influence (such as in the country's economy, resources, education, health care, etc.) than the country's second largest city. Countries with primate cities usually have a large inequality in its development, but richer countries as well as poorer countries can have primate cities.

An example of a rich country having a primate city is the United Kingdom, where its largest city London has more than eight times as many people as its second largest city Birmingham.

Bangkok is the world's most primate city because its population is 50 times bigger than the second largest city in Thailand and 70% of the country's resources go to Bangkok.

New York City is the largest city and the largest economy in the United States, but it is not a primate city. New York City has 21 million residents, and Los Angeles has a population of 16 million.

References 

Cities
LaVan Davis (born September 21, 1966) is an American singer, comedian, and actor best known for his starring role as Curtis Payne on the TBS comedy-drama Tyler Perry's House of Payne and on the OWN comedy-drama Tyler Perry's The Paynes. Davis has also played many roles in Tyler Perry's various productions.

Career
Davis' acting career began in 2004 with his first role as Leroy in the film, Mindbenders. In 2005, he made a guest appearance in a two episodes of Everybody Hates Chris as a preacher. The following year, Davis was cast as the  cranky patriarch of the Payne family, Curtis Payne, in the TBS sitcom Tyler Perry's House of Payne. Davis worked with Perry again in two of his feature films including Daddy's Little Girls in 2007 and Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns in 2008.

In addition to his work in films and television, Davis has also appeared in the stage plays Why Did I Get Married? as Poppy, and Madea Goes to Jail as Leo.

Filmography

References

Other websites
 

1966 births
Living people
African-American singers
American movie actors
American television actors
Singers from Atlanta, Georgia
Cassandra Davis Patton (born July 30, 1964) is an American actress and singer who is best known for her role as Ella Payne on Tyler Perry's House of Payne and its spin-off series The Paynes. She has also starred in several other productions under the direction of Tyler Perry.

Life and career
Born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, Davis' acting career began in 1988 with her role in the Spike Lee film School Daze. Her early television credits include appearances on Living Single, Married... with Children, Kenan & Kel, Boycott, and The PJ's. She established her acting career by appearing in Tyler Perry productions such as Madea's Family Reunion, Madea Goes to Jail, Daddy's Little Girls, and Tyler Perry's House of Payne.

Davis attended Spelman College in Atlanta and majored in music. She left the college one credit short of graduation, because she was not allowed to perform religious music during her senior recital. Davis returned to Spelman in 2008 to complete her degree, graduating in November of that year.

She has credited her devout, born-again Christian faith as the main reason behind her professional success.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

Other websites
 

1964 births
American movie actors
American television actors
Living people
The Storting ( , "the great thing" or "the great assembly") is the supreme legislature of Norway. It was created in 1814 by the Constitution of Norway. It is located in Oslo. The unicameral parliament has 169 members, and is elected every four years based on party-list proportional representation in nineteen constituencies. 

A member of the Storting is known in Norwegian as a stortingsrepresentant, literally "Storting representative".

References

Politics of Norway
Demetria Dyan McKinney (born August 27, 1979) is an American actress and singer.

References

Other websites 
 
 

Living people
1979 births
Larramie Cortez "Doc" Shaw (born April 24, 1992) is an African-American actor, singer, and rapper.

Other websites 

1992 births
Actors from Atlanta, Georgia
African American actors
African-American movie actors
African-American television actors
Living people
Rap musicians from Georgia
African-American singers
American child actors
African-American rappers
William Joseph Mullan (30 March 1928 – 13 November 2018) was a Scottish football referee. He was born in Dublin, Republic of Ireland. In 1962, Mullan became a referee in the Scottish Division One. Three years later, he was appointed as a FIFA referee. In 1972, Mullan was selected as a referee for UEFA Euro 1972.

Mullan died on 13 November 2018 in Edinburgh, Scotland at the age of 90.

References

1928 births
2018 deaths
Referees
Scottish sportspeople
Sigmund Steinnes (19 January 1959 – 15 November 2018) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He was born in Nordnes, Norway. In the 2013 elections, he was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Troms. In the 2011 elections he was elected as the mayor of Storfjord.  

Steinnes died of pancreatic cancer on 15 November 2018 in Oslo, aged 59.

References

1959 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Mayors
Norwegian politicians
Alí Rodríguez Araque (9 September 1937 – 19 November 2018) was a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and diplomat. He was born in Ejido, Mérida, Venezuela.

He was the leader of the party Patria Para Todos. He worked under the Hugo Chávez administration, such as oil advisor, General Secretary of OPEC, President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA), Minister of External Relations and Ambassador to Cuba. He was appointed as Minister of Finance in June 2008. His last occupation was Ambassador of Venezuela from 2014 until his death in 2018.

Rodríguez Araque died on 19 November 2018 in Havana, Cuba from a heart attack at the age of 81.

References

Other websites
World Energy Magazine – The Global Energy Industry: An Opportunity for Cooperation, Stability and Investment
World Energy Magazine – OPEC: New Realities and New Challenges

1937 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Venezuelan politicians
Ambassadors
The white currant, or whitecurrant is a cultivar of the red currant. They are flowering plants in the family Grossulaceae native to Europe. Usually, they grow as a shrub and can reach a height of about  tall. The plants have palmate leaves, and masses of spherical, edible fruit (berries) in summer. The white currant differs from the red currant only in the colour and flavour of these fruits, which are a translucent white and sweeter.
It is sometimes mislabelled as Ribes glandulosum, (which is the skunk currant in USA).

Cultivation
Unlike their close relative the blackcurrant, red and white currants are cultivated for their ornamental value as well as their berries.

Currant bushes grow best in partial to full sunlight and can be planted between November and March in well-drained, slightly neutral to acid soil. They are relatively low-maintenance plants, but are considered cool-climate plants and fruit better in northern areas. They can also be grown in large containers.

The firm and juicy fruit are usually harvested in summer. Whole trusses of fruits should be cut instead of individual fruit, and then either used, or they can be stored in a fridge. They can also be bagged and frozen.

Various forms are known including; 'White Grape', 'Blanka' and 'Versailles Blanche' (syn ‘White Versailles’), and 'White Pearl'.

The cultivar 'White Grape' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. There are also cultivars with yellow and pink fruit, called respectively yellow currants and pink currants.

The bushes can suffer from pests such as gooseberry sawfly and birds.

Culinary uses 
White currant berries are slightly smaller and sweeter than red currants. When made into jams and jellies the result is normally pink. The white currant is actually an albino cultivar of the red currant but is marketed as a different fruit.
White currants are rarely specified in savoury cooking recipes compared with their red counterparts. They are often served raw and provide a sweetly tart flavor. White currant preserves, jellies, wines and syrups are also produced. In particular, white currants are the classic ingredient in the highly regarded Bar-le-duc or Lorraine jelly although preparations made of red currants can also be found.

The berries are a good source of vitamins C and K, and are rich in iron, copper and manganese.

Related pages 
 Redcurrant
 Blackcurrant
 Zante currant
 Gooseberry
 Jostaberry
 Currant

References

Other websites 
 http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/currants.html 

Berries
Ribes