cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Joan Garriga Vilaresau (29 March 1963 – 27 August 2015) was a Spanish  Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He raced professionally from 1984 to 1993. He won three 250cc races during his career and finished runner-up to Sito Pons in the 1988 250cc GP World Championship.

Garriga was born in Barcelona. After retiring, he was convicted of drug trafficking and possession of weapons in 2003. When the case came to trial, he was given a two-year sentence. He also suffered two heart attacks in 2013 but survived.

Garriga was involved in a motorcycle accident on 24 August 2015. He died from his injuries three days later in Barcelona, aged 52.

References

1963 births
2015 deaths
Drug dealers
Road accident deaths in Spain

Sportspeople from Barcelona
Universal health care, sometimes referred to as universal health coverage, universal coverage, or universal care, usually refers to a health care system which provides health care and financial protection to all citizens of a particular country.

Other websites

Achieving Universal Health Care (July 2011). MEDICC Review: International Journal of Cuban Health and Medicine 13 (3). Theme issue: authors from 19 countries on dimensions of the challenges of providing universal access to health care.
Catalyzing Change: The System Reform Costs of Universal Health Coverage  (November 15, 2010). New York: The Rockefeller Foundation. Report on the feasibility of establishing the systems and institutions needed to pursue UHC.
Physicians for a National Health Program Chicago: PNHP. A group of physicians and health professionals who support single-payer reform.
UHC Forward  Washington, D.C.: Results for Development Institute. Portal on universal health coverage.

Health care
Parental leave or family leave is an employee benefit available in almost all countries that provides paid time off work to care for a child or make arrangements for the child's welfare. The terms "parental leave" and "family leave" include maternity, paternity, and adoption leave. Often, the minimum benefits are stipulated by law.

References

Labor
Teresa Ellen Gorman (née Moore; 30 September 1931 – 28 August 2015) was a British politician. She was born in Putney, London. She was Conservative Member of Parliament for Billericay, in the county of Essex in England, from 1987 until 2001, when she stood down.

References

1931 births
2015 deaths
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Former members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from London
Women politicians
Nödinge Church () is a church building in Nödinge-Nol in Västergötland in Sweden. It is located  north of the town of Gothenburg. The current church was built in 1727 when it replaced  an older Romanesque church from the 1100s or 1200s. The church has a baroque interior. Its ceiling has paintings by painter Alexander Fox from 1734. The pulpit was added in 1741 by sculptor Johan Petter Weber. The church underwent renovation in 1981-1982.

The church was also used during recording of the 2013 film 'The Anderssons Hit the Road.

References

Other websites

Church of Sweden churches
1727 establishments
18th-century establishments in Sweden
1720s establishments in Europe
Salem is an American supernatural fiction drama television show. It was created by Brannon Braga and Adam Simon. The first episode was made public on April 20, 2014. Salem is WGN America's first scripted series. Janet Montgomery and Shane West are the main actors/actresses of the show. Salem is influenced by the Salem Witch Trials in the 17th century.

Overview 
Salem is a fictional story that is based on the real Salem Witch Trials in colonial Massachusetts. The Massachusetts government at the time was dominated by conservative Puritan leaders. Unlike today there was little difference between church and state.

In 1692 the Puritan colony was affected by young girls "crying out" accusations of devil worship against other members of the congregation. A mix of fear and superstition caused a hysteria among the Puritans that devil-worshiping witches were among them. A mob mentality caused people to torture and execute others women (and a few men) for no reason other than hysteria over the possibility of them being witches. Over 150 people were accused of being witches and placed on trial.

Salem, the WGN America series, reworks this history into a fictional story full of magic, witches as actual beings, and sexy characters. In the TV series the main characters, John Alden (Shane West) and Mary Sibley (Janet Montgomery), find themselves in love even though the whole town is in a frenzy over witch hunts. The New York Times review called it "perversely entertaining."

Cast 
Most of the characters are based on the names of real people.

 Janet Montgomery as Mary Sibley
 Shane West as Captain John Alden
 Seth Gabel as Cotton Mather
 Tamzin Merchant as Anne Hale
 Ashley Madekwe as Tituba
 Elise Eberle as Mercy Lewis
 Iddo Goldberg as Isaac Walton
 Xander Berkeley as Magistrate Hale
 Oliver Bell as John
 Joe Doyle as Baron Sebastian von Marburg

Reviews 

Salem scored 49 out of 100, based on 16 critic reviews on Metacritic. On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season scored 54%, with an average rating of 5.5 out of 10 based on 26 critic reviews. The show was also nominated for two awards.

Other websites 
 Salem on IMDb
 Salem on TV Guide

References 

2014 American television series debuts
Drama television series
English-language television programs
Colin Friels (born 25 September 1952) is a Scottish-born Australian actor. He is best known for his role in the television series Water Rats which earned him a Logie Award. He also appeared in the movies Malcolm (1986), Dark City (1998) and Tomorrow, When the War Began (2010).

Friels was born in Kilwinning, Ayrshire, Scotland. He moved to Australia in 1963, first living in Darwin, Northern Territory before moving to Melbourne, Victoria. He is married to actress Judy Davis. They have two children, son Jack and daughter Charlotte.

Friels is a pancreatic cancer survivor.

References

Other websites
 

1952 births
Living people
Actors from Melbourne
Australian movie actors
Australian stage actors
Australian television actors
Cancer survivors
This is a list of all reigning monarchs in the history of Russia. It begins with the Prince of Novgorod Rurik in the year 862. It ends with the Emperor of Russia Nicholas II who abdicated the throne in 1917, and was shot dead with his family in 1918.

Princes of Novgorod

Grand Princes of Kiev

Grand Princes of Vladimir 

Since 1331 the title of the Grand Princes of Vladimir was assigned to the Princes of Moscow.

Grand Princes of Moscow

Tsars of Russia
Dates are listed in the Old Style, which continued to be used in Russia.

House of Rurikovich

Time of Troubles

House of Godunov

Pseudo-Rurikovich usurpers

House of Shuysky

House of Vasa

House of Romanov

Emperors of Russia

References

Lists of monarchs
Russian royalty
Dream Street is the second studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released on October 23, 1984, by A&M Records. The album was produced by her brother, Marlon Jackson. Her brother Michael Jackson added vocal ad-libs. During the summer of 1984 it was a top ten R&B hit.

Track listing

Charts

Personnel and production
"Don't Stand Another Chance" & "All My Love to You" produced by Marlon Jackson for V.B.M. Productions; associate producer on track 1: John Barnes.  Track 1 arranged by Marlon Jackson & John Barnes; track 2 arranged by Marlon Jackson & Tony Patler.  "Don't Stand Another Chance" recorded & mixed by Bill Botrill.  "All My Love To You" recorded & mixed by Jeremy Smith.  John Barnes: Keyboards, Moog Bass, Fairlight Programming & Drum Programming (track 1); Jonathan Moffat: Simmons Drums (track 1); Jackie/Michael/Tito Jackson, Dino Espinosa: Vocal Backing (track 1); Marlon Jackson: Drum Programming & Vocal Backing (track 2); Greg Phillinganes: Keyboards, Moog Bass; Tony Patler: Keyboards; Maxine & Julia Waters, Marva King: Vocal Backing (track 2)
"Fast Girls" & "Pretty Boy" arranged & produced by Jesse Johnson.  Recorded by Peter Martinsen.  Mixed by Peggy McCreery.  Remixed by Peter Martinsen.
"Communication", "If It Takes All Night", "Dream Street", "Hold Back the Tears" & "Two to the Power of Love" produced by Giorgio Moroder & Pete Bellotte.  All tracks arranged by Phil Shenale & Arthur Barrow, except "Hold Back the Tears" (arranged by Mitchell Froom). Recorded by Steve Bates & Steve Hodge; Mixed by Brian Reeves.  Mitchell Froom, Phil Shenale: Keyboards; Arthur Barrow: Bass & Keyboards; Richie Zito: Guitars
Mastered by Brian Gardner at Bernie Grundman Mastering.

References

1984 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Pop albums
R&B albums
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 (sometimes shortened to Rhythm Nation 1814) is the fourth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson, released on September 19, 1989, by A&M Records. The album themes include various tragedies reported through the news at the time, exploring racism, poverty, and substance abuse. In 1990 Jackson went on her first head line tour called "Rhythm Nation Tour 1990". Since its release, the album has sold nearly 20 million copies worldwide.

Accolades

Track listing

Notes
All songs except interludes and "Black Cat" are co-produced by Janet Jackson.
All songs except interludes and "Black Cat" are produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis.
"Black Cat" is produced by Janet Jackson and Jellybean Johnson.

Personnel

Herb Alpert – trumpet, horn, brass
Julie Ayer – violin
Stephen Barnett – conductor
Steve Barnett – conductor
David Barry – electric and 12-string guitar
Lee Blaske – arranger
Chris Brown – bass
Carolyn Daws – violin
Hanley Daws – violin
David Eiland – programming
Rene Elizondo – background vocals
Richard Frankel – art direction, cover design
Johnny Gill – percussion, special effects, finger snaps
James Greer – background vocals
Guzman (Constance Hansen & Russell Peacock) – photography
Steve Hodge – background vocals, engineer
Peter Howard – cello
Janet Jackson – arranger, keyboards, vocals, background vocals, producer
Jimmy Jam – percussion, piano, drums, keyboards, programming, producer
Jellybean Johnson – guitar, drums, vocals, background vocals, producer
Jesse Johnson – guitar
Lisa Keith – background vocals

Kathy Kienzle – harp
Joshua Koestenbaum – cello
Jamila Lafleur – background vocals
Terry Lewis – bass, percussion, arranger, background vocals, producer
Tshaye Marks – background vocals
John McClain – background vocals, executive producer
Tamika McDaniel – vocals
Tarnika McDaniel – background vocals
John McLain – guitar, background vocals
Shante Owens – background vocals
Amy Powell – vocals
Randy Ran – background vocals
Nicholas Raths – guitar, classical guitar
Sonya Robinson – background vocals
Clarice Rupert – background vocals
Warlesha Ryan – background vocals
Tamas Strasser – viola
John Tartaglia – viola
Reshard Taylor – background vocals
Romuald Tecco – concert master
Anthony Thomas – background vocals
Hyacinthe Tlucek – concert master
Steve Wilson – background vocals

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Notes:
  * As of December 2009, the album has sold 8,500,000 copies in the U.S. according to Nielsen SoundScan, which does not count albums sold through clubs like the BMG Music. Combined, it has sold over 8,600,000 copies in the U.S. with additional 1.10 million copies sold at BMG Music Clubs. Nielsen SoundScan does not count albums sold through clubs like the BMG Music Service, which were significantly popular in the 1990s.

References

1989 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Dance-pop albums
New jack swing albums
R&B albums
janet. is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson, released on May 18, 1993, by Virgin Records. It was her first album to be released on Virgin as her previous record A&M did not renew her contract in 1991. The album was more R&B than her previous albums that were released in the 80's. The album also showed Jackson as a sex symbol. The album has sold over 20 million copies worldwide.

Accolades

Track listing
All songs written and produced by Janet Jackson, James Harris III and Terry Lewis, except where noted.

Sample credits
 "That's the Way Love Goes" samples "Papa Don't Take No Mess" by James Brown & "Impeach The President" by The Honey Drippers.
 "You Want This" samples "Love Child" by Diana Ross & the Supremes and "Jungle Boogie" by Kool & the Gang.
 "If" samples "Someday We'll Be Together" by Diana Ross & the Supremes.
 "New Agenda" samples "School Boy Crush" by Average White Band, "Kool It (Here Comes the Fuzz)" by Kool & the Gang, and "Superwoman (Where Were You When I Needed You)" by Stevie Wonder.

Personnel

 (Ex) Cat Heads – rap
 Alice Preves – viola
 Ann Nesby – vocals (background)
 Bernie Edstrom – horn arrangements, trumpet
 Carolyn Daws – violin
 Celine Leathead – violin
 Chuck D – rap
 Core Cotton – vocals (background)
 Daria Tedeschi – violin
 Dave Karr – flute
 David Barry – guitar
 David Bullock – violin
 David Carr – flute
 David Eiland – sax (alto)
 David Rideau – mixing
 Frank Stribbling – guitar
 Gary Raynor – bass
 Hanley Daws – violin
 Jamecia Bennett – vocals (background)
 Janet Jackson – main performer, record producer, vocals, background vocals
 Jean Krikorian – design
 Jeff Gottwig – clarinet, trumpet
 Jeff Taylor – bass, vocals
 Jellybean Johnson – producer

 Jimmy Jam – keyboards, producer, vocals
 James "Big Jim" Wright – keyboards, vocals
 Jossie Harris – talking
 Kathleen Battle – vocals
 Ken Holman – clarinet, sax (tenor)
 Kool & the Gang
 Laura Preves – bassoon
 Lawrence Waddell – organ (hammond)
 Lee Blaskey – orchestration
 Len Peltier – art direction, design
 Marie Graham – vocals (background)
 Mark Haynes – bass, drum programming, programming
 Merilee Klemp – oboe
 Mike Sobieski – violin
 Patrick Demarchelier – photography
 Robert Hallgrimson – sax (alto), trumpet
 Steve Hodge – mixing
 Steve Wright – trumpet
 Steven Pikal – trombone
 Stokley – drums
 Tamas Strasser – viola
 Terry Lewis – producer
 The Average White Band
 Tina Landon – talking
 Tom Kornacker – violin

Charts and certifications

Charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

End of decade charts

Chart procession

|-

|-

|-

|-

References

1993 albums
Janet Jackson albums
New jack swing albums
R&B albums
{{Infobox album
| name = Design of a Decade: 1986–1996
| type = Greatest Hits
| artist = Janet Jackson
| cover =
| released = October 10, 1995
| recorded = August 1985–August 15, 1995
| genre = 
| length = 75:28 (standard)77:47 (international edition)44:58 (bonus disc)
| label = A&M
| producer = Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Janet Jackson, Jellybean Johnson
| prev_title = janet. Remixed(1995)
–1996(1995)
| next_title = The Velvet Rope(1997)
| misc =
}}Design of a Decade: 1986–1996''' is the first greatest hits album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released on October 10, 1995 by A&M. It features 14 of Jackson's hits from her three previous albums; Control (1986), Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 (1989), janet.'' (1993) as well as two newly recorded singles "Runaway" and "Twenty Foreplay".

Track listing

Note: (*) denotes co-producer.

Charts and certifications

Charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Personnel

 Melanie Andrews – arranger
 Jerome Benton – vocals
 Lee Blaske – arranger
 Patrick Demarchelier – photography
 Alan Friedman – programming
 Larimie Garcia – design
 Greg Gorman – photography
 Jeri Heiden – art direction, design
 Steve Hodge – engineer, mixing
 Goh Hotoda – remixing
 Janet Jackson – arranger, executive producer, main performer, producer, rhythm, vocals, background vocals
 Jimmy Jam – arranger, assistant engineer, multiple instruments, producer, rhythm, vocals
 Jellybean Johnson – producer, remix consultant, vocals

 Terry Lewis – multiple instruments, producer
 Bob Ludwig – mastering
 John McClain – executive producer
 Monte Moir – arranger, assistant engineer, producer
 Shep Pettibone – post-production, remixing
 Herb Ritts – photography
 David Ritz – liner notes
 Mike Scott – guitar
 Tony Viramontes – photography
 Michael Wagener – remixing
 Bruce Weber – photography
 Steve Wiese – assistant engineer, engineer, producer
 Eddie Wolfl – photography

Release history

References

1995 albums
Greatest hits albums
Janet Jackson albums
Pop albums
New jack swing albums
R&B albums
Ventura County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, 823,318 lived there. The county seat is Ventura.

Ventura County includes Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is the southernmost county along the California Central Coast.

References

Other websites 

 
 Oxnard Transportation Center A Major Transportation Hub of Southern California
 Ventura County Star , largest Ventura County daily news organization, Scripps chain newspaper
 The Ojai and Ventura VIEW, only true locally owned alternative press, a monthly newspaper
 VC Reporter, a weekly chain newsmagazine with a pro-urban developer bias, owned by southland publications corp. based in Pasadena.
 Ventura County Crime Blog , Crime, trials, and reports in Ventura County
 News from Ventura County , from the Los Angeles Times website
 Ventura County Air Pollution Control District
 Ventura County Law Library—open to the public
 Ventura County  on the National Association Of Counties
 VenturaCountyWest visitors guide by Ventura County Lodging Association

 

1872 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in California
Boomerang is a boomerang roller coaster located at Six Flags St. Louis

2013 establishments in the United States
Kyle Jean-Baptiste (December 3, 1993 – August 28, 2015) was an American Broadway actor. He was the youngest actor ever to play the role of Jean Valjean in Les Misérables on Broadway. He was also the first African-American to play that role on Broadway.

Jean-Baptiste died at age 21, after falling off a fire escape staircase at his mother's home in New York City.

References

1993 births
2015 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Accidental deaths in New York City
Actors from New York
African American actors
American stage actors
Edd Byrnes (July 30, 1932 – January 8, 2020) was an American actor and singer. He was best known for his starring role in the television series 77 Sunset Strip and for his role as  Grease as Vince Fontaine. Byrnes was a recording artist, his best known work was "Kookie, Kookie (Lend Me Your Comb)".

Byrnes died of a suspected stroke on January 8, 2020 in Santa Monica, California at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

Roy Huggins' Archive of American Television Interview

1932 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Karlie Kloss (born August 3, 1992) is an American model.

Kloss was born in Chicago. She moved to St. Louis at age two.

She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2013 to 2015. In 2015, she starred as Knockout in Taylor Swift's Bad Blood music video.

References

1992 births
Living people
Models from Chicago

People from St. Louis, Missouri
Aaliyah is the third and final studio album by American R&B recording artist Aaliyah. It was released on July 7, 2001, by Blackground Records and Virgin Records. It was Aaliyah's last album to have been released during her lifetime. She had died in a plane crash the August of the same year.

Reviews

Track listing

Personnel 
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.

 Aaliyah – executive producer, vocals
 Jonathan Adler – assistant engineer
 The Black Orchestra – strings
 Stevie Blacke – strings
 Ron Blake – horn
 Chandler Bridges – assistant engineer
 Bud'da – creative partner, mixing, producer
 Michael Conrader – engineer
 Gemma Corfield – A&R
 Sean Cruse – guitar
 J. Dub – creative partner, instrumentation, producer, programming
 Jimmy Douglass – engineer, mixing
 Jeff Dunas – photography
 Missy Elliott – writer
 Warren Fu – art direction
 Ben Garrison – mixing
 Bernie Grundman – mastering
 Barry Hankerson – executive producer
 Jomo Hankerson – executive producer
 Richard "Segal" Huredia – mixing

 Dino "The Cut" Johnson – mixing
 Acar Keys – engineer
 David LaChapelle – photography
 Michelle Lynn-Forbes – assistant engineer
 Jonathan Mannion – photography
 Tim Olmstead – assistant engineer
 Steve Penny – assistant engineer
 Renzo Pryor – keyboards
 Pat Sajack – assistant engineer
 Eric Seats – creative partner, instrumentation, producer, writer
 Richard Segal-Huredia – mixing
 Static – creative partner, vocals, writer
 Rapture – creative partner, instrumentation, producer, writer
 Tank – creative partner
 Timbaland – creative partner, mixing, producer, vocals
 Roberto "Gary" Walker – assistant engineer
 Albert Watson – photography
 Heather Wesley – project supervisor
 Scott Wolfe – engineer, mixing
 Michael Zainer – assistant engineer

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

Bibliography 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2001 albums
Aaliyah albums
R&B albums
Tewksbury Township, New Jersey is a township of New Jersey

Other websites
 Tewksbury Township website
 Tewksbury Historical Society
 Hunterdon County webpage for Tewksbury Township
 Tewksbury Township Schools
 
 School Data for the Tewksbury Township Schools, National Center for Education Statistics
 North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District
  Tewksbury Rescue Squad - STATION 24
 Tewksbury Open Records website (not Town sponsored) 
 Hunterdon Land Trust Alliance 
 Somerset Hills Handicapped Riding Center 
 Tewksbury 5 Miler 

Townships in New Jersey
Hunterdon County, New Jersey
NoHo Arts District, Los Angeles is a neighborhood of Los Angeles, California

Other websites

Neighborhoods of Los Angeles
Traction, or tractive force, is the force used to generate motion between a body and a surface. This is usually due to friction, though the use of shear force of the surface is also commonly used.

Traction can also mean the maximum tractive force between a body and a surface, as limited by available friction. When this is the case, traction is often expressed as the ratio of the maximum tractive force to the normal force and is termed the coefficient of traction (similar to coefficient of friction).

Motor vehicles 
Traction is an important force to motor vehicles. Tires, usually made of rubber, depend on traction to move a vehicle forward. In manual transmission cars and trucks, a clutch is a friction device that connects the engine to the drivetrain of the vehicle. To work properly, the clutch must have traction.

References 

Physics
Harold John Smith, known as Hal Smith (August 24, 1916 – January 28, 1994) was an American actor and voice actor who was best known for his role as Otis Campbell, the town drunk on CBS's The Andy Griffith Show. He served in the US Army Air Corps in World War II. Before the Air Corps he was a band singer, a disc jockey, and a writer. After the war he moved to Hollywood. He was a voice actor for several cartoon shows. He also acted in various television roles. Smith appeared in several movies in the 1960s. During the 70s and 80s he worked for Disney and others, providing voices for cartoons. In 1994 he died of a heart attack at the age of 77.

References

Other websites 

1916 births
1994 deaths
American movie actors
American radio actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Michigan
American military personnel of World War II
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Wayne Walter Dyer (May 10, 1940 – August 30, 2015) was an American self-help author and motivational speaker. His first book Your Erroneous Zones (1976) is one of the best-selling books of all time, with an estimated 35 million copies sold.

Other websites
The Official Dr. Wayne Dyer Website
Wayne Dyer On Hayhouse Radio

1940 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Writers from Hawaii
Businesspeople from Hawaii
Businesspeople from Detroit, Michigan
People from Maui
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
Nelson Shanks (December 23, 1937 – August 28, 2015) was an American artist and painter.  His most famous work is likely his portrait of Diana, Princess of Wales, completed in 1996. The painting was first shown at Hirschl & Adler Gallery in New York City, April 24 to June 28, 1996.

Shanks died of prostate cancer at his home in Andalusia, Pennsylvania on August 28, 2015 at the age of 77.

References

1937 births
2015 deaths
American painters
Artists from New York
Cancer deaths in Pennsylvania
Deaths from prostate cancer
People from Rochester, New York
The Dance/Mix Show Airplay (formerly Hot Dance Airplay) chart is a monitored chart in Billboard Magazine. It tracks airplay from radio stations in the United States. The chart was started on August 16, 2003 (as a unpublished chart). It became official the week of October 25, 2003. At first it had six stations who programed a full-time Dance format. In 2008 it became exclusive-only to Billboard. The chart was renamed to Dance/Mix Show Airplay in November 2011. This is when it made its playlist available for viewing on BDS Radio's website. This included the selected Top 40, Rhythmic, and Adult Top 40 stations who submit their mix show hours to Billboard. A modified version was added to Billboard's website in January 2013. It featured  15 songs. Originally featuring 25 charted titles when it started in 2003, it was expanded finally to 40 songs in December 2014. It is available from Billboard and from BDS. 

The first number one single on this chart was "Crazy In Love". It was by Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z for the week ending August 16, 2003 (Billboard would later the unpublished chart official in August 2018). When Billboard made the chart official the week ending October 25, 2003, "Just The Way You Are" by Milky was the first number-one single in the published chart.

References

Other websites
Billboard Dance/Mix Show Airplay

Billboard charts
The Rhythmic Songs Chart is a monitored airplay chart in Billboard Magazine. The chart tracks the 40 most popular singles being played on 68 monitored rhythmic radio stations in the United States. Arbitron sometimes calls it rhythmic contemporary hit radio The chart was introduced on October 3, 1992, with "End of The Road" by Boyz II Men as the first number-one single.

References

Other websites
Current BDS Rhythmic Top 40 chart (updated weekly)

Billboard charts
Ultimate Aaliyah is the second compilation album by R&B singer Aaliyah. It was released on 10 May 2005 in the UK, Australia, and Japan (as Special Edition: Rare Tracks and Visuals). It includes two CDs and one DVD hat contains videos of Aaliyah.

Track listing

Ultimate Aaliyah

Disc 1: Greatest Hits
 "One in a Million"2 (Missy Elliott, Timbaland) — 4:30
 "If Your Girl Only Knew"2 (featuring Timbaland and Missy Elliott) (Missy Elliott, Timbaland) — 4:50
 "Hot Like Fire"2 (featuring Timbaland and Missy Elliott) — 4:23
 "The One I Gave My Heart To"2 — 4:30
 "Got to Give It Up"2 (featuring Slick Rick) — 4:41
 "4 Page Letter"2 — 4:52
 "We Need a Resolution"5 (featuring Timbaland) (Stephen "Static" Garrett, Tim "Timbaland" Mosley) — 4:02
 "Rock the Boat"5 (Rapture Stewart, Eric Seats, Stephen "Static" Garrett) — 4:35
 "More Than a Woman"5 (Stephen "Static" Garrett, Tim "Timbaland" Mosley) — 3:49
 "I Care 4 U"5 (Missy Elliott, Tim "Timbaland" Mosley) — 4:33
 "Try Again"4 (featuring Timbaland) (Tim Mosley, Stephen "Static" Garrett) — 4:44
 "Back & Forth"1 (featuring R. Kelly) (R. Kelly) — 3:51
 "Are You That Somebody?"3 (featuring Timbaland) (Tim "Timbaland" Mosley, Stephen "Static" Garrett) — 4:30
 "Don't Know What to Tell Ya"6 (Salah El Sharnobi, Omar Batiesha, Tim Mosley, Stephen "Static" Garrett) — 5:01
 "Miss You"6 (Johnta Austin, Teddy Bishop, Ginuwine) — 4:05
 "At Your Best (You Are Love)"1 (R. Kelly, Ronald Isley, Marvin Isley, O'Kelly Isley, Ernie Isley, Chris Jasper) — 4:52

Disc 2: Are You Feelin' Me?

DVD
 The Aaliyah Story (1:00:00)
 Photo gallery (Slide - 15:04)

Special Edition: Rare Tracks and Visuals

CD: Rare Tracks
 "Are You Feelin' Me?"
 "Messed Up"
 "Rock the Boat" [Club Mix by Mixzo]
 "Rock the Boat" [Club Mix by Doug Lazy]
 "More Than a Woman" [12" version]
 "More Than a Woman" [Bump N Flex Club Mix]
 "More Than a Woman" [MAW Main Mix]
 "Try Again" [Timbaland Remix]
 "Try Again" [D'Jam Hassan Remix]
 "Try Again" [Krunchie Remix 30/11/04]
 "More Than a Woman" [Krunchie Remix 30/11/04]

DVD: Rare Visuals
 Interviews
 TV performance
 Promotional videos:
 "Don't Know What to Tell Ya"
 "More Than a Woman"
 "I Care 4 U"
 "One in a Million"
 "Hot Like Fire"
 "If Your Girl Only Knew"
 "Come Back in One Piece"
 "Try Again"
 "Are You That Somebody?"
 "We Need a Resolution"
 "More Than a Woman"
 "Rock the Boat"
 "Miss You"
Photo gallery

Charts

References

2005 albums
Greatest hits albums
Aaliyah albums
Hip hop soul albums
New jack swing albums
R&B albums
The Bone Wars was a period of fossil finding and discovery in the U.S.A during the late 19th century. Most of the action took place in Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming.

There was a heated rivalry between Edward Drinker Cope (of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia) and Othniel Charles Marsh (of the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale). They used bribery, theft, and destruction of bones. Each scientist attacked the other in scientific publications, seeking to ruin his credibility and have his funding cut off.

Their search for fossils led them west to rich "bone beds" in the western United States. From 1877 to 1892, both paleontologists used their wealth and influence. They paid for their own expeditions, and the services and dinosaur bones from fossil hunters. By the end of the Bone Wars, both men had exhausted their funds in this way.

Cope and Marsh were financially and socially ruined by their attempts to disgrace each other. Their contributions to   paleontology were massive and provided plenty of material for later work: both scientists left behind many unopened boxes of fossils after their deaths. 142 new species of dinosaurs were discovered and described by them, though today only 32 of their names are valid.

The products of the Bone Wars increased our knowledge of prehistoric life, and sparked the public's interest in dinosaurs. This led to more fossil excavation in North America in the decades that followed. Several historical books and fictional adaptations have been published about this period of intense fossil-hunting activity.

Between them, they discovered some of the most famous fossil sites in North America, such as the Morrison Formation at Como Bluff, Wyoming. The Morrison Formation extends into 13 states, and is still being searched wherever it outcrops onto the surface.

References 

American paleontologists
Dinosaurs of North America
John Dennis Spellman (December 29, 1926 – January 16, 2018) was an American politician. Spellman was born in Seattle, Washington. He was the 18th Governor of Washington between 1981 and 1985 and the first King County Executive from 1969 to 1981. As of 2015, he was the last Republican to serve as Governor of Washington.

Spellman died on January 16, 2018 at a hospital in Seattle of pneumonia caused from a fall at the age of 91.

References

1926 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Washington (state)
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Governors of Washington
Politicians from Seattle, Washington
US Republican Party politicians
Daniel Jackson Evans (born October 16, 1925) is an American politician. He served three terms as the 16th Governor of the state of Washington from 1965 to 1977. He represented the state in the United States Senate from 1983 to 1989.

Early life
Evans was born in Seattle, Washington. He served in the United States Navy during the later years of World War II. Evans studied at the University of Washington. He originally studied to be a structural engineer.

Political career

Governor of Washington (1965-1977)
Evans served as governor from 1965 until 1977, still the only governor to serve three four-year consecutive terms and the second to be elected to three terms following Arthur B. Langlie in Washington state history. A 1981 University of Michigan study named him one of the ten outstanding American governors of the 20th century.  He declined to run for a fourth term.

Serial killer Ted Bundy served as a campaign aide for Evans and maintained a close relationship with the Governor. During the 1972 campaign, Bundy followed Evans' Democratic opponent around the state, tape recording his speeches and reported back to Evans personally.

United States senator (1983-1989)
In 1983, Governor John Spellman appointed Evans to the United States Senate to fill a seat left vacant by the death of longtime senator Henry M. "Scoop" Jackson. Evans won a special election later that year against Mike Lowry and filled the remainder of Jackson's unexpired term, retiring from politics after the 1988 elections. He was not happy as a U.S. Senator; he wrote an April 1988 piece in The New York Times Magazine, "Why I'm Quitting the Senate", in which he complained of "bickering and protracted paralysis".

Failed vice presidential bids
Evans was seriously considered for the Republican vice presidential nomination on the ticket with Gerald Ford in 1976 (but lost out to Bob Dole). Richard Nixon in 1968 had also hinted at a possible Evans nomination for the vice presidency.

At the 1968 Republican National Convention (where he gave the keynote address) Evans refused to endorse Nixon for the presidential nomination, remaining a supporter of the unsuccessful candidacy of Nelson Rockefeller.

Personal life
Evans married Nancy Bell in 1959. Together, they have three children. He lives in Seattle as of 2007.

References

Other websites
Congressional Biography
The Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs

1925 births
Living people
American Calvinists
Congregationalists
Governors of Washington
Politicians from Seattle, Washington
United States senators from Washington
US Republican Party politicians
St. Louis County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Clayton. In 2010, 998,954 people lived there.

In betwixt the years of 2018 and 2020 four bewitching young enterprisers journeyed from their homes and made the great adventure to stride to the great unknown. They will live infamy.

1812 establishments in Missouri Territory
Missouri counties
This is a list of notable people born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with the city of St. Joseph, Missouri.

Kay Barnes, mayor of Kansas City
Dwayne Blakley, football player, born in St.Joseph.
Ryan Bradley, figure skater
Jerry Brady
Norbert Brodine, cinematographer
Charles Francis Buddy, bishop, attended Christian Brothers School
Rob Calloway, boxer
Walter Cronkite, iconic television journalist, born in St. Joseph and his father was a dentist there
Fred Harman, artist, drew the Red Ryder cartoons and worked with Walt Disney, born in St. Joseph and worked at Artcrafts Engraving Company in St. Joseph
Paul Crouch, founder of Trinity Broadcasting Network
Katherine Kennicott Davis, composer of "The Little Drummer Boy"
Eminem, rapper and recording artist, born in St. Joseph
Ralph D. Foster, broadcasting pioneer
Betty Garrett, actress, born in St. Joseph
Elijah Gates, State Treasurer of Missouri
Anthony Glise, guitarist
Jody Hamilton, wrestler
Larry Hamilton, wrestler
Coleman Hawkins, jazz saxophonist
Shere Hite, sex educator
Edie Huggins, television journalist
Jesse James, iconic outlaw, murdered in St. Joseph
Kagney Linn Karter, porn actress
Brian McDonald, writer 
Timothy Omundson, actor
Issac Parker, judge
Travis Partridge, football player
Forrest E. Peden, decorated World War II soldier
Tom Pendergast, political boss
Arthur Pryor, trombonist
Nellie Tayloe Ross, first woman elected governor of a U.S. state; governor of Wyoming from 1925-1927
Martin Rucker, football player
Martin T. Rucker, politician
Mike Rucker, football player
Jay Sarno, hotel mogul, founder of Caesar's Palace
Bill Snyder, Kansas State football coach
Steve Walsh, musician of band Kansas
Ruth Warrick, actress
James H. Webb, U.S. Senator of Virginia, born in St. Joseph
Huston Wyeth, industrialist
Jane Wyman, Oscar-winning actress and first wife of Ronald Reagan, born in St. Joseph
Eugene Field, popular poet in his day, worked for the St. Joseph Gazette and wrote a famous poem about Lover's Lane, St. Joseph
Delmer J. Yoakum, artist

References

St. Joseph
This is a list of the people born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with the American city of Columbia, Missouri, and its surrounding metropolitan area.

Attending college in Columbia
Many people have lived in Columbia temporarily, while attending one of the city's institutions of higher education; such people are not included in this list.  For lists of people who attended college in Columbia see: 
 List of Columbia College alumni
 List of Stephens College alumni
 List of University of Missouri alumni

A–D

James William Abert – soldier and explorer
Thomas M. Allen – clergyman
Benjamin Anderson – economist
Gary Anderson – football player
Judy Baker – politician
Matt Bartle – politician
Rob Benedict – actor
William Duane Benton – judge
Rebecca Blank – educator; U.S. Secretary of Commerce
Philemon Bliss – judge
John William Boone – musician
Stratton D. Brooks – college president
Fleda Brown – poet
Jessica Capshaw – actress
Russ Carnahan – politician
Jack D. Crouch – hotelier; father of Jack Dyer Crouch, II
Derek "Deke" Dickerson – musician

E–L

Carl Edwards – NASCAR driver
Sara Evans – country singer
Jane Froman – poet; performance artist
Nicole Galloway – politician
Chuck Graham – politician
Ken Griffin – organist
Eugene Jerome Hainer – Nebraska politician
Jeff Harris – politician
Peter Hessler – journalist
Darwin Hindman – mayor of Columbia (1995–2010)
Jon Hamm – actor; appeared in the television series Mad Men
Brett James – singer

William Jewell – educator
Leon W. Johnson – second mayor of Columbia
Tyler Johnson – baseball pitcher
Daniel Webster Jones – Mormon pioneer
Kraig Kann – golf commentator
E. Stanley Kroenke – sports mogul
Ken Lay – chief executive, Enron
Grace Lee – radio and television personality
Guy Sumner Lowman, Jr. – linguist

M–S

Jeff Maggert – professional golfer
William Rainey Marshall – fifth Governor of Minnesota
Tom McVea – politician
William L. Nelson – politician
John Neihardt – poet
Don Nardo – author
Michael Paul Oman-Reagan – artist
Carlos Pena Jr. – singer
James S. Rollins – 19th-century politician
Jesse M. Roper – 19th-century naval officer
Charles Griffith Ross – press secretary for U.S. President Harry S. Truman
Felix Sabates – philanthropist
Therese Sander – farmer; politician
Max Schwabe – politician

Jon Scott – television journalist
John F. Shafroth – Colorado politician
Clay Shirky – writer
Apollo M. O. Smith – aviation executive
William Smith – actor
William J. Stone – 28th Governor of Missouri

T–Z

 Blake Tekotte – baseball player
 Malcolm Thomas – professional basketball player
 Nischelle Turner – television personality
 Zbylut Twardowski – nephrologist
Charlie Van Dyke – radio personality
Andrew VanWyngarden – musician
James "Bud" Walton – co-founder, Wal-Mart
Sam Walton – co-founder, Wal-Mart
Edwin Moss Watson – editor; publisher
David Wax – member, rock band David Wax Museum
Norbert Wiener – mathematician
Lisa Wilcox – actress
Roger B. Wilson – 52nd Governor of Missouri

Related pages
 List of people from Missouri

Columbia
Julián Pastor Llaneza (18 October 1943 – 24 August 2015) was a Mexican movie director, actor, screenwriter, editor, and photographer. He was known for directing the movie No One Writes to the Colonel. Pastor was born in Mexico City.

Pastor died in Mexico City at the age of 71.

References

Other websites

 

1943 births
2015 deaths
Mexican movie directors
Mexican movie actors
Mexican screenwriters
Photographers
Writers from Mexico City
Gurgen Dalibaltayan (; 5 June 1926 – 1 September 2015) was an Armenian military commander. He was the Chief of General Staff of Armenian Armed Forces during the Battle of Shusha on 8–9 May 1992. The battle took place during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.

Dalibaltayan was born in Bogdanovka, Javakheti, Georgian SSR (present-day Ninotsminda, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Georgia). He was married to Shushanik Dalibaltayan (née Khachatryan). They have two children, a daughter Varduhi (b. 1952) and a son Varazdat (b. 1954).

Dalibaltayan died on 1 September 2015 in Yerevan, aged 89.

References

1926 births
2015 deaths
Armenian people
Generals
Soviet military people
Alan Irwin Menken (born July 22, 1949) is an American composer, songwriter, conductor, music director and record producer. Menken is best known for his scores and songs for movies produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. 

His scores and songs for The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty and the Beast (1991), Aladdin (1992), and Pocahontas (1995) have each won him two Academy Awards. 

He also composed the scores and songs for Little Shop of Horrors (1986), Newsies (1992), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Hercules (1997), Home on the Range (2004), Enchanted (2007) and Tangled (2010).

References

Other websites

Internet Broadway database Listing
Internet Off-Broadway database Listing 
MusicalTalk interview with Alan Menken
 
 The Whole New World of Alan Menken
 Alan Menken: "Beauty and the Beast captures the magic of Disney animations and brings it to the stage"  Alan Menken in Barcelona's Beauty and the Beast

1949 births
American movie score composers
Living people
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Writers from New York City
Academy Award winning composers
Grammy Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
Emmy Award winners
The Volkswagen Golf Mk7 is the seventh generation of the compact car Volkswagen Golf. It succeeded the Mk6 in 2009.

Models
2 door GTI
4 door GTI
4 door TDI
4 door SportWagen
4 door R
4 door base
2 door base
4 door eGolf

References 

Volkswagen Golf
Harry Roe Hughes (November 13, 1926 – March 13, 2019) was an American politician. He was a member of the  Democratic Party. Hughes was the 57th Governor of Maryland from 1979 to 1987.

Hughes died at his home in Denton, Maryland from pneumonia-related problems on March 13, 2019 at the age of 92.

References

1926 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Governors of Maryland
US Democratic Party politicians
In My Mind is the first studio album by American recording artist and record producer Pharrell Williams. It was released on July 25, 2006. The album features the hit single "Can I Have It Like That" which features American singer Gwen Stefani. The album is mainly a hip hop album with R&B styles.

Reviews

The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics.

Track listing
All songs produced by Pharrell Williams.

Grammy Nomination
The album was nominated for Best Rap Album at the 2007 Grammy Awards. It lost to Release Therapy by Ludacris.

Notes
 A song titled "Mamacita", which featured reggaeton artist Daddy Yankee was leaked in early 2006 and was supposed to be the third single from the album, but it did not appear on the final track listing, nor was there a video for the song, but it is featured in the movie The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift.
 Not on the official album, "Big White Spaceship" (featuring Timbaland & Magoo) is actually an early project with Timbaland & Magoo called Surrounded by Idiots. Pharrell recalls in an interview: "In seventh grade I met Chad. That's twenty years ago by now. Like I said earlier, we started producing beats together. But then again, I also played with this famous group which consisted of Timbaland, Magoo, myself and some other guy. Chad wasn't a part of the group, so I was in The Neptunes and in Surrounded by Idiots at the same time." A few tracks produced by the group float around on the Internet, this being the most distributed. In 2005 Danny! recorded a remix to this song, removing vocals from Timbaland & Magoo, and placed it as a hidden track on his F.O.O.D. album.
 The song "Skateboard P Presents: Show You How to Hustle" is featured in the game Need for Speed: Carbon.
 Other songs presumed to be B-sides or possibly just unreleased Pharrell compositions include "Creamsickle" and "I Need Love".
 The album cover is a reference to the art style of BAPE, a Japanese street clothing company that is popular in the urban scene. Williams and founder Nigo launched the first American store in New York together.
 The initial pressing offered buyers a choice of three covers; each cover had Pharrell pictured with either a Blue Ice Cream sweater, Red and White Polo Shirt, or White Billionaire Boys Club T-shirt as shown above.
 A remixed version of the album, titled "Out of My Mind", was produced, but was never officially released. This remixed version of the album featured interpolated instrumentals by drummer, Questlove and James Poyser, of the hip hop group The Roots.

Charts and certifications

Charts

Certifications

References

2006 albums
Debut albums
Hip hop albums
Pharrell Williams
R&B albums
Ciara: The Evolution (simply known as The Evolution) is the second studio album by American recording artist Ciara, released on December 5, 2006, by LaFace Records. It was released two years after Ciara's debut Goodies. The album features guest appearances from fellow R&B singer-songwriter R. Kelly who featured on the remix to the lead single "Promise", rappers Chamillionaire, 50 Cent and Lil' Jon.

Reviews

Ciara: The Evolution received mixed reviews from music critics.

Track listing

Notes
 Track listing and credits from album booklet.
  signifies a vocal producer
  signifies a co-producer

Sample credits
 "That's Right" contains samples from "Fix It in the Mix" written by Tony Butler, as performed by Pretty Tony and "Jam the Box" written by Tony Butler and Sherman Nealy, as performed by Pretty Tony.
 "C.R.U.S.H." contains a portion of the composition "122 BPM", written by Larry Linn.
 "Make It Last Forever" contains a sample from "Think (About It)", written by James Brown, as performed by Lyn Collins and contains a portion of the composition "It Takes Two", written by James Brown and Robert Ginyard.
 "Do It" contains samples from "You Really Got Me", written by Raymond Davies, as performed by The Kinks and "Push It", written by Herby Azor and Raymond Davies, as performed by Salt-N-Pepa.

Personnel

 Executive Producers: Ciara Harris and Phillana Williams
 Management: Phillana Williams for TPF Management
 Mastered by Chris Athens at Sterling Sound, NYC
 A&R: Mark Pitts and Ethiopia Habtemariam
 A&R Administration: Shay Young
 A&R Coordination: Leticia Hillard and Jill Tschogl

 Sample Clearance: David Schmidt, Kobie "The Quarterback" Brown, Donato Guadagnoli
 Art Direction and Design: Courtney Walter
 Photography: Markus Klinko and Indrani
 Styling: John Moore
 Make Up: Yolonda Frederick for Goldfinger Creative
 Mix engineer:  Dylan "3-D" Dresdow
 Hair: Shirlena Allen for Dawn To Dusk Agency

Charts

Chart succession

Certifications

Release history

References

2006 albums
Ciara albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums