cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rose Lomathinda Chibambo (8 September 1928 – 12 January 2016) was a known British-born Malawi politician and activist. She was the Protectorate of Nyasaland in the years leading up to independence as the state of Malawi in 1964, and immediately after. 

She was imprisoned in 1959, while pregnant with her 5th child, along with other Malawians whom the Federal government felt were a threat to British rule. After Malawi gained independence, Chibambo was the first woman minister in the new cabinet. She was forced into exile for thirty years, returning after the restoration of democracy.

On 1 January 2012, she was honored by being place on Malawi’s 200 Kwacha banknote.

Chibambo died from a heart attack at a hospital in Blantyre, Malawi at the age of 87.

References

1928 births
2016 deaths
Activists
African politicians
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Malawian people
Lawrence Lamond Phillips (May 12, 1975 – January 13, 2016) was a professional American football and Canadian football running back. He was a two-time college football national champion at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for the Nebraska Cornhuskers. He was born in Little Rock, Arkansas.  Many people consider the 1995 Nebraska Cornhuskers, on which Phillips played, to be the greatest college football team of all time.

Phillips played in the National Football League for the St. Louis Rams, Miami Dolphins, and San Francisco 49ers from 1996 through 1999, and for the Montreal Alouettes and Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League in 2002 and 2003.

He was arrested several times during the course of his life. In 2015, Phillips was charged with the murder of his former cellmate, Damion Soward. 

Phillips died January 13, 2016, at Kern Valley State Prison in Delano, California from an apparent suicide attempt, where he was serving a seven-year term for felony assault with a deadly weapon, at the age of 40.

References

1975 births
2016 deaths
American football running backs
American murderers
American people convicted of assault
Miami Dolphins players
Murderers who committed suicide
People from Little Rock, Arkansas
People who committed suicide in prison custody
People who died in prison custody in the United States
San Francisco 49ers players
Sportspeople from Arkansas
Sportspeople who committed suicide
St. Louis Rams players
Suicides by hanging in the United States
Brian Bedford (16 February 1935 – 13 January 2016) was an English actor. He has appeared on the stage and in movies, and is known for both acting in and directing Shakespeare. In movies, Bedford is known for his role as Clyde Tolson in the 1994 movie Nixon. He won a Tony Award in 1971 and five Drama Desk Awards during his career.

Bedford was born in Morley, West Riding of Yorkshire, England. He was openly gay. Bedford met actor Tim MacDonald in the 1980s and got married in 2013. Bedford died on 13 January 2016 in Santa Barbara, California from cancer at the age of 80.

References

Other websites

Canadian Theatre Encyclopedia entry

1935 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in California
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from Yorkshire
Paul Grattan Kirk, Jr. (born January 18, 1938) is an American lawyer and politician. He served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts from 2009 to 2010, having been appointed to fill the seat created by the death of Ted Kennedy.

From 1985 to 1989, he served as chairman of the Democratic National Committee (DNC). On January 14, 2016, Kirk announced his endorsement in Hanover, New Hampshire in support of the presidential campaign for Bernie Sanders.

References

1938 births
Living people
United States senators from Massachusetts
US Democratic Party politicians
21st-century American politicians
Robert Bernard Reich (; born June 24, 1946) is an American political economist, professor, author, and political commentator. He served in the administrations of Presidents Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter and was the United States Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.

Reich is diagnosed with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, also known as Fairbanks disease, and stands at 4 feet 10.5 inches (1.486 m).

In January 2016, Reich announced his endorsement for Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States.

References

Other websites

 
 
 The American Prospect articles  by Robert Reich
 US Department of Labor biography 
 UC Berkeley bio
 Robert Reich's blog posts  for the Why Democracy? project

1946 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Labor
American economists
People from Scranton, Pennsylvania
American political commentators
American political writers
Scientists from Pennsylvania
Writers from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Berkeley, California
Writers from Berkeley, California
Scientists from Berkeley, California
US Democratic Party politicians
Lawyers from Pennsylvania
Lawyers from Berkeley, California
Ken Judge (15 January 1958 – 15 January 2016) was an Australian rules footballer and coach. He played for East Fremantle, Hawthorn and the Brisbane Bears during the 1970s and 1980s. He also coached Hawthorn from 1996 to 1999 and the West Coast Eagles from 2000 to 2001.

Judge died from multiple myeloma on his 58th birthday (15 January 2016) in Perth, Western Australia.

References

1958 births
2016 deaths
Australian rules footballers
Cancer deaths in Australia
Coaches
Deaths from multiple myeloma
Murphy is an unincorporated census-designated place in Owyhee County, Idaho, United States. It is the county seat of Owyhee County, It is one of the smallest county seats in the country. As of the 2010 census, its population was 97.

History
Murphy was formed around a railhead (end of the rail line) of the "Boise, Nampa and Owyhee Railroad" built in 1899. The town became the county seat in 1934. The railroad operated until 1947.

The town was named after Cornelius "Con" Murphy, a crew boss with the railroad.

Geography
Murphy is located at , at an elevation of  above sea level; it is  south of Nampa.

Airstrip
Murphy's airstrip is located northeast of the town. It does not have a control tower. Its paved runway is  long.

References

Other websites
Owyhee County Historical Society - Museum & Library - Murphy, Idaho
Untraveled Road.com - photo tour - Murphy, Idaho - 2008-06-13
Weather.com - Murphy, Idaho - current conditions and forecast

 

County seats in Idaho
Census-designated places in Idaho
Owyhee County, Idaho
1899 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in Idaho
Carolyn D. "C. D." Wright (January 6, 1949 – January 12, 2016) was an American poet. He was born in Mountain Home, Arkansas. In 1977 the publishing company founded by Frank Stanford, Lost Roads, published Wright's first collection, Room Rented by A Single Woman. In 1983 she moved to Providence, Rhode Island to teach writing at Brown University as the Israel J. Kapstein Professor of English. In 2013, Wright was elected a chancellor of the Academy of American Poets. 

Wright died on January 12, 2016 from cancer in Barrington, Rhode Island at the age of 67.

References

Other websites
Griffin Poetry Prize biography
Griffin Poetry Prize readings, including video clips
Profile at The Whiting Foundation
.mp3 recording of Wright reading from "One Big Self" during the Key West Literary Seminar, 2003
C. D. Wright--The Academy of American Poets

1949 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in the United States
Educators from Arkansas
American poets
Writers from Rhode Island
Writers from Arkansas
People from Providence, Rhode Island
Educators from Rhode Island
Barrington (pronounced ) is a New England town in Bristol County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 16,310 at the 2010 census.

In July 2005, CNN/Money and Money magazine ranked Barrington sixth on its list of the 100 best places to live in the United States.

References

Other websites
 Town of Barrington Official Web Site 
 Town of Barrington Official GIS Maps and Property Information
 Barrington School Department
 The Brendel murders .

Towns in Rhode Island
1770s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
The Revenant is a 2015 American semi-biographical western movie set in 1823 Montana and South Dakota.
 It was inspired by the experiences of frontiersman and fur trapper Hugh Glass. 

It was directed by Alejandro G. Iñárritu. It was written by Mark L. Smith and Iñárritu. It is based in part on Michael Punke's  The Revenant: A Novel of Revenge. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, Will Poulter, and Domhnall Gleeson.

The Revenant premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on December 16, 2015 and had a limited release on December 25, 2015, followed by a wide release on January 8, 2016. It got really positive reviews. It won three Golden Globe Awards and five BAFTA Awards, including Best Film at both shows. At the 88th Academy Awards, the movie received 12 nominations, including Best Picture and Best Supporting Actor (Hardy), winning Best Director (Iñárritu), Best Actor (DiCaprio), and Best Cinematography (Emmanuel Lubezki).

Release dates

References

Other websites
 
 
 The Revenant at History vs. Hollywood

Golden Globe Award winning movies
2015 drama movies
2010s western movies
2010s American drama movies
American western movies
Hong Kong movies
Taiwanese movies
Movies directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu
Movies set in Montana
Movies set in South Dakota
Matthew Jay Roach (born June 14, 1957) is an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the Austin Powers movies and Meet the Parents. He also directed the comedy movie Dinner for Schmucks (2010), the HBO political dramas Recount (2008) and Game Change (2012), and the political comedy The Campaign (2012). His twelfth movie, the biographical drama Trumbo, was released on November 6, 2015 to positive reviews. He won two Emmy Awards (2008, 2012).

References

Other websites

Emmy Award winning directors
1957 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
Businesspeople from New Mexico
Writers from Albuquerque, New Mexico
Richard Stuart Linklater (; born July 30, 1960) is an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for his movies Dazed and Confused (1993), Before Sunrise (1995), Before Sunset (2004), Before Midnight (2013), School of Rock (2003), Waking Life (2001) and A Scanner Darkly (2006). 

In 2002 he began filming Boyhood (2014), a passion project which took over twelve years to finish. The movie was premiered in 2014 to critical acclaim. Linklater won the Golden Globe, Critics' Choice Movie Awards and BAFTAs for Best Director and Best Picture. He also received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director, along with nominations for Original Screenplay and Picture.

References

Other websites

Detour Films (Richard Linklater's film production company)

Golden Globe Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning directors
1960 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
Writers from Houston, Texas
Ellen Meiksins Wood (April 12, 1942 – January 13, 2016) was an American-Canadian Marxist historian and scholar. She was a publisher of the Monthly Review from 1997 to 2000, along with Harry Magdoff and Paul Sweezy. She wrote over ten books. Her books The Retreat from Class and The Origin of Capitalism won awards. She was a leading Marxist theorist.

Wood was born in New York City. Her parents were Latvian Jews. She was married to Neal Wood until his death in 2003. They had two children. She was later married to politician Ed Broadbent.

Wood died from cancer on January 13, 2016 in Ottawa, Ontario. She was 73.

References

1942 births
2016 deaths
American historians
American political scientists
Canadian Jews
Canadian scientists
Cancer deaths in Ontario
Jewish American scientists
Marxism
David William "Dave" Sime  (July 25, 1936 – January 12, 2016) was an American sprinter. He ranked as one of the fastest humans of all time. He held many sprint records during the late 1950s. He won a silver medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. He later became an ophthalmologist (type of eye doctor) and pioneer of intraocular lens transplants.

Sime was born in Paterson, New Jersey. He grew up in Fair Lawn, New Jersey. He was married and had three children.

Sime died from cancer on January 12, 2016 in Miami, Florida. He was 79.

References

1936 births
2016 deaths
American Olympic silver medalists
American physicians
American track and field athletes
Cancer deaths in Florida
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from New Jersey
The U.S. dime is a  coin of the United States. It is worth ten cents. The denomination was authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792. The design of the dime has changed since the dime was introduced.

References

Currency of the United States
1792 establishments in the United States
"Baby Got Back" is a 1992 hip hop song by Sir Mix-A-Lot. The song is about larger than normal buttocks. At the time of its release, some found the lyrics objectionable.

At the beginning of the song, two girls are talking. One says: "Oh my God, Becky. Look at her butt!"

The video of the song was banned by MTV for a short time.

The song was #1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100.

In late January 2013, a preview of the show Glee included a cover of "Baby Got Back". Jonathan Coulton claimed Glee copied his version of the song.

References

Hip hop songs
Obscenity controversies
1992 songs
The PDSA Dickin Medal is an award for animals.  It was created in the United Kingdom, by Maria Dickin, in 1943.  At first, the award's goal was to honor the work of animals during World War II.  The award is often called "the animals' Victoria Cross."

Maria Dickin was the creator of the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA), a British veterinary charity.  She created the award for any animal who showed "conspicuous gallantry [obvious bravery]" and devotion to its job while serving with the United Kingdom's armed forces or their allies.  The Medal was awarded 54 times between 1943 and 1949 – to 32 pigeons, 18 dogs, three horses, and one cat.

The PDSA started awarding the Dickin Medal again in 2000.  In that year, they honored a Newfoundland dog named Gander.  The award was given posthumously - after Gander's death.  During the Battle of Hong Kong in World War II, Gander had saved the lives of Canadian soldiers.

In early 2002, three dogs were awarded the Dickin Medal for their work in responding to the September 11 attacks.  The PDSA also awarded the Medal to two dogs serving with the British military in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Iraq. 

In December 2007, 12 animals who had received the Dickin Medal and were buried at the PDSA Animal Cemetery in Ilford, Essex, were given full military honors.  This marked the end of a project to restore the cemetery, which was aided by the United Kingdom's National Lottery.

The first recipients of the Medal, in December 1943, were three pigeons.  Serving with the Royal Air Force, all three helped make it possible to rescue air crew from ditched planes during the Second World War. The most recent animal to receive the Medal was Diesel, a dog who was killed while serving with the French police during the November 2015 Paris attacks.  Diesel's award will be presented in a ceremony in 2016.  As of December 2015, the Dickin Medal has been awarded 66 times.

Medal recipients

Pigeons
Throughout history, homing pigeons have been used to carry messages over long distances.  Homing pigeons can find their way home over very long distances.  Because of this special ability, homing pigeons have often been used in wars to carry messages.  For example, air force flyers could carry homing pigeons in their planes.  If a plane started to crash, the airmen could throw the pigeon out of the plane with a message attached to its leg saying where the plane was crashing.  The pigeon would find its way back "home" - to a military base - where the message would tell the military where to look for their stranded pilots.

The United Kingdom used about 250,000 homing pigeons in World War II.  Of these, 32 were awarded the Dickin Medal for carrying messages that helped save lives:

Horses
Horses have been used in wars for over 5,000 years.  By World War II, they were usually not used in battle.  However, they were used for scout units, and also to carry soldiers and supplies.

Dogs

Cat
See also: Famous Ship's Cats: Simon

Related pages
 Homing pigeon
 Police dog
 Ship's cat

References

Military honors
Military animals
Boulton & Watt was an early British engineering and manufacturing firm. They were very significant in the early industrial revolution. The partners were the English manufacturer Matthew Boulton and the Scottish engineer James Watt.

The firm designed and made marine and stationary steam engines. It was founded in the English West Midlands around Birmingham in 1775, and grew to be a major producer of steam engines in the 19th century.

The Boulton and Watt steam engine was the first to use steam at above atmospheric pressure. This was a great step in the development of the steam engine. Watt's invention was a key point in the Industrial Revolution.
Their engines were used for pumping water in canals, mines, and waterworks, and for driving machines.

The Soho Foundry 
At first the partnership made the drawing and specifications for the engines, and supervised the work to erect it on the customers property. They produced almost none of the parts themselves. Watt did most of his work at his home in Harper’s Hill in Birmingham, while Boulton worked at the Soho Manufactory.

Gradually the partners began to actually make more and more of the parts, and by 1795 they purchased a property about a mile away from the Soho manufactory, on the banks of the Birmingham Canal. There they built a new foundry for making the engines. The Soho Foundry opened in 1796 at a time when Watt’s sons, Gregory and James Jr. were heavily involved in the management of the enterprise. In 1800, the year of Watt’s retirement, the firm made a total of forty-one engines.

Watt retired in 1800, the same year that his fundamental patent and partnership with Boulton expired. The famous partnership was transferred to the men's sons, Matthew Robinson Boulton and James Watt Jr. Longtime firm engineer William Murdoch was soon made a partner and the firm prospered.

References 

Engineering
1775 establishments
Machines
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Lugo is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, and A Coruña, the principality of Asturias, León, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay). 

The population is 356,595 (2006), of whom a quarter live in the capital Lugo. The capital city was an ancient Celtic settlement named in honour of the god Lugh (see Lyon), later Latinised as Lucus Augusti, and which became one of the three main important Galician-Roman centres alongside Braccara Augusta and Asturica Augusta (modern Braga and Astorga respectively). The province has 67 municipalities.

Lugo
Galicia
Patrick James "P. J." Mara (1942 – 15 January 2016) was an Irish public affairs consultant and former senator. He was best known as a political adviser to former Taoiseach Charles Haughey. He served briefly in the Seanad on two separate occasions, in 1981 and 1982. He was nominated by the Taoiseach Charles Haughey. 

Mara served as Press Secretary to Fianna Fáil between 1983 and 1987. In 1987 he was appointed Government Press Secretary, and he held this position until February 1992, when he left the public service to move into the private sector. He later returned to serve as Fianna Fáil director of elections for the  1997, 2002, and 2007 general elections.

He was regularly lampooned on the satirical RTÉ radio sketch show Scrap Saturday, which ran from 1989 to 1991.

Mara died on 15 January 2016 at a hospital after a long-illness in Dublin, Ireland at the age of 73.

References

1942 births
2016 deaths
Civil servants
Disease-related deaths in the Republic of Ireland
Irish politicians
George Carroll (January 6, 1922 – January 14, 2016) was an American lawyer. He was an important civic figure in Contra Costa County, California and the city of Richmond. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

He was the first black lawyer in Richmond, California. In 1961 Carroll became the first African American elected to the city council (1961–1964) and later became the first black mayor of Richmond (1964–1965) or any large American city.

Carroll died in his sleep on January 14, 2015 in Richmond, California from respiratory failure at the age of 94.

References

1922 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
American judges
Lawyers from California
American mayors
American civil rights activists
Politicians from Brooklyn
Politicians from California
US Democratic Party politicians
People from Richmond, California
Gastón Guzmán (August 26, 1932 – January 12, 2016) was a Mexican mycologist and anthropologist. He was an authority on the genus Psilocybe. He was born in Xalapa, Veracruz.

Career
Guzmán began his career in 1955. During his early field work, he found many species which was little known at the time. This inspired him to choose fungi as the topic of his professional thesis. He was the co-founder and former president of the Mexican Mycological Society (1965), he was also president of the Latin American Mycological Association (2000–2002). He retired in 2010.

Death
Guzmán died of a heart attack in Guadalajara, Mexico on January 12, 2016 at the age of 83. He is survived by his daughter, Laura Guzmán Dávalos, is also a mycologist.

More reading

References

1932 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Mexican scientists
Mexican writers
Mexican educators
Mexican anthropologists
People from Veracruz
Kiwi Travel International Airlines was a discount airline from New Zealand. It flew both scheduled (planned) and charters (irregular/unplanned) flights from New Zealand to Australia, Samoa and Tonga. The airline borrowed airplanes from many different companies.At different times, it flew Boeing 727, Boeing 737, Boeing 757 and Airbus A320 airplanes. The airline was among one of the first low-cost carriers. In December 1995, Air New Zealand started Freedom Air. It was another discount airline intended to compete with Kiwi. In September 1996, Kiwi Travel stopped flying due to the intense competition from Freedom Air. Ewan Wilson, the former CEO of Kiwi Travel International, is involved with starting a new airline, Kiwi Regional Airlines.

References

Transport in New Zealand
Airlines of Oceania
1994 establishments in Oceania
1996 disestablishments
1990s establishments in New Zealand
Qaisra Shahraz  (born 1959) is a British-Pakistani novelist and scriptwriter, college inspector, teacher and freelance journalist.

References

1959 births
Pakistani writers
Living people
Musa is one of two or three genera in the family Musaceae; it includes bananas and plantains. Around 70 species of Musa are known, with a broad variety of uses.

Many bananas and plantains grow as high as trees, but they are not woody. Their apparent "stem" is made up of the bases of the huge leaf stalks. For this reason, they are technically gigantic herbs.

Musa species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the giant leopard moth and other Hypercompe species, including H. albescens (only recorded on Musa), H. eridanus, and H. icasia.

References

Monocots
Oleksandr Oksentiyovych Shevchenko (; 26 June 1937 – 15 January 2016) was a Ukrainian scientist, judge, politician, and teacher. He was the deputy of the Svoboda party from 2012 to 2014. He was later a member of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc until 15 September 2015. He supported the right to bear arms and was against the death penalty. He was born in Simferopol Raion, Crimea, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.

Shevchenko died on 15 January 2016 at the age of 78.

References

1937 births
2016 deaths
Ukrainian educators
Historians
Judges
Ukrainian politicians
Ukrainian scientists
Manuel Velázquez Villaverde (24 January 1943 – 15 January 2016) was a Spanish footballer. He played as a striker. He played for Plus Ultra, Rayo Vallecano, Málaga, Real Madrid, and Toronto Metros-Croatia. He also played for the Spain national football team. He was born in Madrid.

Velázquez died on 15 January 2016 in Madrid, aged 72.

References

Other websites

 

1943 births
2016 deaths
Spanish footballers
Sportspeople from Madrid
Rajesh Vivek Upadhyay (31 January 1949 – 14 January 2016) was an Indian actor. He was best known for his roles in Lagaan, Swades, Mahabharat, Mujhse Shaadi Karogi, Bharat Ek Khoj, What's Your Raashee? and Bunty Aur Babli. He was born in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Vivek died from heart attack on 14 January 2016 in Hyderabad, Telangana. He was 66.

References

Other websites
 
 

2016 deaths
1949 births
Cardiovascular disease deaths in India
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Actors from Uttar Pradesh
Thomas Newcomen (February 1664 – 5 August 1729) was an English inventor. He made the first practical steam engine for pumping water, the Newcomen steam engine.

Newcomen was an ironmonger and a Baptist lay preacher.  He was born in Dartmouth, Devon, England, to a merchant family and baptised at St. Saviour's Church on 24 February 1664.

Flooding in coal and tin mines was a large problem. Newcomen was trying to improve ways to pump out the water from the mines. His ironmonger's business specialised in tools for the mining industry.

His first engine was not very efficient, and used a lot of coal. The Watt steam engine, was much more fuel efficient. Watt and his partner Matthew Boulton got substantial royalties because their machines saved so much on fuel bills.

Surviving Newcomen engines
There are examples of Newcomen engines in the Science Museum (London) and the Ford Museum, Dearborn, Michigan.

Perhaps the last Newcomen-style engine to be used commercially – and the last still on its original site – is at the Elsecar Heritage Centre, near Barnsley in South Yorkshire. Newcomen engines that can be seen working are the Newcomen Memorial Engine at Dartmouth and the replica engine at the Black Country Museum in Dudley, West Midlands.

References 

1664 births
1729 deaths
British engineers
British inventors
In economics, a household is the name given to a number of people who live in the same place, and who share a number of things. Very often, this is the case with a family, but this need not be the case. People living in the same household profit, because they can share some of the expenses.

Everyday life
Economics
William Edward Robinson (December 15, 1920 – October 4, 2021) was an American Major League Baseball first baseman, scout, coach and front office executive of the 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. He was the author of an autobiography, published in 2011, Lucky Me: My Sixty-five Years in Baseball.

Robinson was born in Paris, Texas. He studied at Pairs Junior College. His career began in September 1942.

Robinson played for the Cleveland Indians in 1942, again from 1946 through 1948 and lastly in 1957. He also played for the Washington Senators from 1949 through 1950, for the Chicago White Sox from 1950 through 1952, the Philadelphia Athletics in 1953, the New York Yankees from 1954 through 1956, the Detroit Tigers in 1957, and for the Baltimore Orioles in 1957.

After the death of Val Heim on November 21, 2019, Robinson became the oldest living player. He turned 100 in December 2020.

Robinson died on October 4, 2021 in Bastrop, Texas at the age of 100.

References

Other websites
Baseball Almanac

1920 births
2021 deaths
American centenarians
Cleveland Indians players
Minnesota Twins players
Chicago White Sox players
New York Yankees players
Detroit Tigers players
Baltimore Orioles players
Sportspeople from Texas
Writers from Texas
People from Paris, Texas
TAP Portugal is the flag carrier airline of Portugal. Its headquarters and hub are at Lisbon Portela Airport. TAP operates about 2,000 flights a week to 88 destinations in 38 countries worldwide.

History
TAP Portugal was founded on March 14, 1945. It began flying on September 19, 1945.  It's first flight was from Lisbon to Madrid.  The one-millionth passenger flew on TAP on 19 June 1964, 18 years after the airline began operations. In 1969, TAP began flying New York City. Boston was added to the New York service in 1970. TAP bought Boeing 747 airplanes during the 1970s. In 1975, TAP was nationalised, becoming a state-owned corporation (Empresa Pública) and changing its name to TAP Air Portugal in March 1979. TAP became a member of Star Alliance in 2005.

References

Airlines of Europe
Portugal
Star Alliance
1945 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Portugal
IATA members
XTRA Airways is a charter airline from the United States. It began in 1987. It was first known as "Casino Express Airlines". In 2005, it was renamed "XTRA Airways". The airline's headquarters are in Coral Gables, Florida. As of 2016, XTRA has 9 airplanes.

Gallery

References

Airlines of the United States
1987 establishments in the United States
Miami, Florida
1980s establishments in Florida
Companies based in Florida
Googleplex is the head office of Google, Inc. The office is located at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, Santa Clara County, California, United States, near San Jose.

The original complex has 2,000,000 square feet (190,000 m2) of office space. It is the company's second largest building. The Bay View addition to the building was added in 2015. This made it part of the biggest collection of Google buildings. It has 3,100,000 square feet (290,000 m2) of space.

Facilities and history

Original campus

SGI Campus 
The place was owned by Silicon Graphics in the past. The office space and corporate campus is in a bigger 26-acre (110,000 m2) site. The place also includes Charleston Park and better connection to Permanente Creek, as well as roads that connect to Shoreline Park and the Bay Trail. The project was started in 1994. It was built on the site of one of the working farms in the area.The city owned it at the time.

Google Campus 
Google got the facilities in early 2003. Clive Wilkinson Architects redesigned the inside in 2005. Google bought some of Silicon Graphics' properties in June 2006 for $319 million.

The buildings are not tall, but the complex covers a large area of land. The inside of the headquarters has items like shade lamps and giant rubber balls for decoration. The lobby has a piano and a projection of current live Google searches. There are also facilities like free laundry rooms, two small swimming pools, volleyball courts, and eighteen cafeterias with different menus. Google has also put in models of SpaceShipOne and a dinosaur skeleton.

Since 2007 the place has a set of solar panels covering the roofs of eight buildings and two solar carports. These can produce 1.6 megawatts of electricity. 30% of the peak electricity demand comes from the panels in their solar-powered buildings.

Bay view addition 
In 2013 construction started on a new 1.1 million square foot headquarters campus called "Bay View". This was next to the original campus on  leased from NASA. The estimated cost of the project is $120 million with a target opening date of 2015.

NBBJ is the architect of the addition. This is also the first time Google has designed its own buildings.

The addition is close to northeast corner of the complex. Google tried to get permission from the city to build bridges over Stevens Creek before announcing its construction. Google's 2012 year-end annual report says that it can expand only  of the  site.

In popular culture

The Googleplex was featured in the 2013 film The Internship, with the Georgia Tech campus standing in as a double. It was also the inspiration for the fictional Hooli headquarters in the HBO TV series Silicon Valley.

References

Google
Mountain View, California
Buildings and structures in California
Bloons Tower Defense (also Bloons TD or BTD) are a series of tower-defense games that were created by Ninja Kiwi. The focus of the games is to use towers to defeat an enemy called Bloons to progress through the game. As you play the game, the Bloons become more difficult to defeat. Players are able to upgrade their towers to help defeat stronger enemies. Bloons can come with power ups, such as camouflage and regeneration. Most of the Tower Defense games can be played on computers and mobile/tablets.

Pricing 
On mobile, all of the Bloons Tower Defense Games (except Bloons Monkey City and Bloons TD 3, which are free on the App Store) cost $2.99 to play and download. A free game is also on their website. Some of the Bloons games have lite versions, such as Bloons TD or Bloons TD 4, which are free to play, but have limitations.

Bloons 
The enemies of the series are "Bloons". (The trademarked word Bloons is a spinoff of the word "balloons".) Once the Bloons come, a monkey will have to be placed to pop them. These monkeys pop the bloons. Red Bloons release no "children". B.A.Ds also have no "parents". Children & parents are terms determining what Bloons release when pop (children) and what Bloon releases that Bloon (parents). For example, the child of a Blue Bloon is a Red Bloon, and the parent of a Blue Bloon is a Green Bloon. A Red Bloon Equivalent (RBE) value is the number of Red Bloons it is equivalent to.

Towers 
In Bloons, there are a lot of towers. All towers can be upgraded four tiers. You can only upgrade one side of the tower to the fourth tier but upgrade the other side to the second tier. As of BTD6, here are the list of towers and camo status:

Bloons Tower Defense Games

Popularity 
The Bloons Tower Defense series has been a top seller on the Apple app store. Bloons TD 4 reached No. 6 on Apple's list of top paid iPhone and iPad games in 2010. Bloons TD 5 was able to reach No. 8 on Apple's list of top paid iPhone app downloads in 2013.

References

Mobile games
Lonnie Melvin "Mel" Tillis (August 8, 1932 – November 19, 2017) was an American country music singer and songwriter. He recorded songs since the late 1950s. His biggest success occurred in the 1970s, with a long list of Top 10 hits. His biggest hits include "I Ain't Never", "Good Woman Blues", and "Coca-Cola Cowboy".

Awards and recognitions 
On February 13, 2012, President Barack Obama awarded Tillis the National Medal of Arts for his contributions to country music. He also has won the CMA Awards' most coveted award, Entertainer of the Year. He was also known for his stutter, which does not affect his singing voice. His daughter is country music singer Pam Tillis.

Tillis died on November 19, 2017 of respiratory failure complicated by sepsis in Ocala, Florida at the age of 85.

References

Other websites
 
 Mel Tillis at the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum 

1932 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from sepsis
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Florida
Country musicians from Florida
American singer-songwriters
American guitarists
Singers from Florida
Writers from Tampa, Florida
Noreen M. Corcoran (October 20, 1943 – January 15, 2016) was an American actress, singer and dancer. Her career began in 1951. She was best known for her co-starring role as the teenager Kelly Gregg in the television sitcom Bachelor Father. She also appeared in movies such as Gidget Goes to Rome and in The Girls on the Beach. She retired in 1965.

Corcoran was born in Quincy, Massachusetts. She studied at California State University. Corcoran died in Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California from heart and lung disease (cardiopulmonary disease) at the age of 72.

References

Other websites
 
 Bachelor Father  at TV.com

1943 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors from Massachusetts
American child actors
American dancers
American movie actors
American pop singers
American television actors
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Los Angeles
Singers from California
Singers from Massachusetts
People from Quincy, Massachusetts
William Craig (November 13, 1918 – January 13, 2016) was an German-born American professor of Philosophy at University of California, Berkeley. His interests included mathematical logic, and philosophy of science. He was mostly known for the Craig interpolation theorem. Craig received his Ph.D. at Harvard University in 1951.

Craig died in Berkeley, California at the age of 97.

References

1918 births
2016 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
German philosophers
American philosophers
Educators from Berkeley, California
People from Nuremberg
Rudolf Haag (17 August 1922 – 5 January 2016) was a German theoretical physicist. He was born in Tübingen, Germany.

Works
He was best known for his works to the algebraic formulation of axiomatic quantum field theory, namely the Haag-Kastler axioms
, and a central no-go theorem in QFT, Haag's theorem, which demonstrates the nonexistence of a unitary time-evolution operator in the interaction picture.

In 1965 he founded the journal Communications in Mathematical Physics, which he guided as Chief Editor for eight years.

He was awarded the Max Planck medal in 1970 and the Henri Poincaré Prize of the International Association of Mathematical Physics in 1997.

Haag died on 5 January 2016 at the age of 93.

References

Other websites
 A picture of Rudolf Haag at II. Institute for Theoretical Physics, Hamburg University (Photographer: Ralf D. Tscheuschner, a pupil of Haag)

1922 births
2016 deaths
German academics
German theoretical physicists
Jean-Noël Rey (23 December 1949 – 16 January 2016) was a Swiss socialist politician. He was the Secretary of the Socialist Group of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland. He was a member of the National Council of Switzerland between 2003 and 2007. He was also the CEO of the national postal service Swiss Post.

Rey was born in Sierre. He was married twice and had two children.

Rey was shot and killed by terrorists on 16 January 2016 in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. He was 66.

References

1949 births
2016 deaths
Murders by firearm
Socialist politicians
Swiss politicians
Francisco Xavier Alarcón (February 21, 1954 – January 15, 2016) was an American poet and educator. He was awarded the American Book Award for Snake Poems in 1993. He taught at University of California, Davis. He published over twenty works of poetry between 1985 and 2010. He wrote poetry in English, Spanish and Nahuatl. His works were often translated into other languages including Gaelic and Swedish.

Biography 
Alarcón was born in Wilmington, Los Angeles, California.  He grew up in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. He studied at Stanford University and California State University, Long Beach. He was openly gay.

Alarcón died from cancer on January 15, 2016 in Davis, California, aged 61.

References

1954 births
2016 deaths
Educators from Los Angeles
American poets
Gay men
LGBT people from Los Angeles
LGBT poets
Stanford University alumni
Lawrence Harvey Cohn (March 11, 1937 – January 9, 2016) was an American heart surgeon, researcher, and medical educator. He was best known for his heart valve repair and replacement surgeries. He was on the surgical staff at Harvard Medical School from 1971 until his death. He was also Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School from 1980 until his death. He was awarded the Chair in Cardiac Surgery at Harvard Medical School in 2000.

Cohn was born in San Francisco, California. His family was Jewish. He was married and had two daughters.

Cohen died from a stroke on January 9, 2016 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was 78.

References

1937 births
2016 deaths
Educators from California
American Jews
American physicians
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Massachusetts
Deaths from stroke
Scientists from San Francisco
A batch file is a special kind of computer file that tells a computer a list of instructions to do in order. Batch files were used a lot when DOS was used by many people. They are good for automating many small pieces of work. Some people still use batch files today.

Hello World example

This is an example of a batch file. It is called a "Hello World" example because it prints the text "Hello World!" to the screen.

<syntaxhighlight lang="dos">
@ECHO off
ECHO Hello World!
PAUSE
</source>

When that text is put into a file with an extension of .bat, saved, and run, it will put this on the screen:

Hello World!
Press any key to continue . . .

Computer programming
Demand forecasting is when a business predicts future demand for its products. A business looks at many things when they do demand forecasting. Some of these things are past sales, data from test markets, and statistics. Businesses can also use educated guesses to help predict future demand. Businesses use demand forecasting to help them come up with the amount of demand for their products so they know how much supply to make.

References

Business
Commerce
Economic theories
Aldebaran (α Tau, α Tauri, Alpha Tauri) is an orange giant star. It is about 65 light years away in the zodiac constellation of Taurus. With an average apparent magnitude of 0.87 it is the brightest star in the constellation and is one of the brightest stars in the nighttime sky. The name Aldebaran is Arabic ( ) and means "the Follower", presumably because it rises near and soon after the Pleiades. The diameter of Aldebaran is larger than 50 million kilometers.

In 1993 a companion body was reported. A paper recently accepted shows evidence for a planetary companion.

References 

Red giants
Tau Ceti (τ Cet, τ Ceti) is a star in the constellation Cetus. It can be seen with the unaided eye as a third-magnitude star.

It has a spectrum similar to the Sun, but is only 78% of the Sun's mass. It is just under 12 light-years from the Solar System, a relatively nearby star. It is the closest solitary G-class star. The star appears stable, and is "metal-deficient" because (like the Sun) it is mostly made of hydrogen and helium.

There is more than ten times as much dust surrounding Tau Ceti as in the Solar System. There are probably five planets orbiting Tau Ceti,  two in the habitable zone. Because of its debris disk, any planet orbiting Tau Ceti would get far more impact events than Earth. Despite this, its Sun-like characteristics have led to widespread interest in the star. Tau Ceti is consistently listed as a target for the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI), and it appears in some science fiction literature.

Searching 
Project Ozma searched for intelligent life (SETI) by examining selected stars for artificial radio signals. It was run by the astronomer Frank Drake, who selected Tau Ceti and Epsilon Eridani as the first targets. Both are near the Solar System and are similar to the Sun. No artificial signals were found after 200 hours of observations. Subsequent radio searches of this star system have also turned up negative.

Planets? 
On December 19, 2012, evidence was presented for a system of five planets orbiting Tau Ceti. The planets' estimated minimum masses are between two and six times the Earth's mass. Their orbital periods range from 14 to 640 days. One of them, Tau Ceti e, appears to orbit about half as far from Tau Ceti as Earth does from the Sun. With Tau Ceti's luminosity of 52% that of the Sun and a distance from the star of 0.552 AU, the planet would receive 1.71 times as much stellar radiation as Earth does. This is slightly less than Venus, which gets 1.91 times Earth's. Some research places it within the star's habitable zone. 

The habitable zone for a star is where liquid water could be present on an Earth-like planet. For Tau Ceti, this is at a radius of 0.55–1.16 AU, where 1 AU is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun.

References in Science Fiction 
The Expanse (TV): Destination of the Nauvoo, on a 100 year voyage. The ship is 500m cylinder, 2000m long. It would require a continuous acceleration of 0.05 m/s for 50 years, and an equal deceleration at the halfway point.

The Foundation book series by Isaac Asimov: The home star of the planet Aurora, first planet to be colonized by humans.

References 

Stars
Oliver Jeffers (born 1977) is an artist, illustrator and writer from Belfast, Northern Ireland. He now lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from the University of Ulster in 2001. He creates art for children and adult alike.

His picture books, including 'How to catch a star, Lost and found, Stuck have been highly acclaimed.  This Moose Belongs to Me won the Irish Book Awards Children's Book of 
the Year, Junior category in 2012.

Originally from Belfast, Oliver now lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. His favourite colour is striped.

Here is a list of books that Oliver has illustrated:
The Day the Crayons Quit,
How to Catch a Star,
Lost and Found,
The Way Back Home,
Up and Down,
Oliver Jeffers presents the Incredible Book Eating Boy,
the Great Paper Caper,
The Heart and the Bottle,
Stuck,
This Moose Belongs To Me,
The Hueys in The New Jumper,
The Hueys in It Wasn't Me,
The Hueys in None the Number (A counting Adventure,) 
Once Upon an Alphabet (Short stories For all the Letters.)

In 2013, Jeffers illustrated the vinyl record cover for the U2 song "Ordinary Love". It is a drawing of Nelson Mandela.

References

Other websites
 Official website
 Oliver Jeffers at British Council: Literature
 Discover author Oliver Jeffers  at publisher HarperCollins

1977 births
Living people
British children's writers
People from Belfast
British illustrators
Clarence Henry Reid (February 14, 1939 – January 17, 2016), better known by the stage name Blowfly, was an American musician, singer, comedian, rapper and producer. He released over 25 parody albums as "Blowfly" and another three albums as "Clarence Reid". He also wrote ten songs for Gwen McCrae.

Blowfly was born in Cochran, Georgia. His daughter, Tracy Reid, was a professional basketball player.

Blowfly died from liver cancer on January 17, 2016 in Florida, aged 76.

References

Other websites

 

1939 births
2016 deaths
African American comedians
African-American singers
American funk musicians
American hip hop musicians
American punk musicians
American R&B singers
American soul singers
Rap musicians from Georgia
American record producers
American funk singers
American rock singers
American singer-songwriters
American soul musicians
Cancer deaths in Florida
Comedians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Deaths from liver cancer
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Bern Herbolsheimer (September 2, 1948 – January 13, 2016) was an American composer and pianist. He was born in Great Falls, Montana. Herbolsheimer served on the music faculty at Cornish College in Seattle. He performed for the National Endowment for the Arts and for the Chamber Music America. He has composed over 500 pieces of work. 

Herbolsheimer died of cancer in Seattle, Washington, aged 67.

References

1948 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in the United States
American composers
American pianists
People from Great Falls, Montana
Musicians from Montana
Musicians from Seattle, Washington
Gottfried Honegger (12 June 1917 – 17 January 2016) was a Swiss artist and graphic designer. From 1955 through 1958, he was art director at Geigy. He worked at the University of Dallas until his death in 2016.

Honegger was born in Zürich, Switerland. He was married to the Swiss illustrator Warja Lavater. He studied shop-window display at the Zurich Kunstgewerbeschule and taught there from 1948. His early work was commercial graphic design. Honegger died at his home in Zürich, Switzerland from a short-illness, aged 98.

References

Other websites

 Gottfried Honegger on artnet
 Gottfried Honegger by Museo Cantonale d’Arte von Lugano 

1917 births
2016 deaths
Swiss artists
Swiss educators
People from Zürich
Paris School of Business (formerly the ESG Management School) is a European business school. The school has two locations, one in Paris and one in Rennes, France. It was created in 1974. PSB offers degrees in the fields of economics, social sciences, luxury markets, arts and management.

References

Other website 

 PSB Paris School of Business (in English)

1970s establishments in France
1974 establishments in Europe
Colleges and universities in France
Paris
Rennes