cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fahrenheit 9/11 is a 2004 American documentary movie directed, written by, and starring filmmaker, director and political commentator Michael Moore. 

The movie is a criticism of George W. Bush, the war in Iraq, and its coverage in the media. 

The movie created intense controversy, including disputes over its accuracy. The title is reference to Ray Bradbury's 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451.

The movie debuted at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival and received a 20-minute standing ovation, among the longest standing ovations in the festival's history. The movie was also awarded the Palme d'Or, the festival's highest award. The movie is the highest grossing documentary of all time.

References

2004 movies
American documentary movies
Movies based on the September 11 attacks
American independent movies
Gilbert is a town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is located southeast of Phoenix. It was once known as the "Hay Shipping Capital of the World". In 2019, the town's population was estimated to be at 254,114.

References

Towns in Arizona
Yamata is a 1919 Hungarian Russian drama movie directed by Alexander Korda and starring Emil Fenyvessy, Ila Lóth, Gábor Rajnay, Gusztáv Vándory.

Other websites

1919 movies
1910s drama movies
Hungarian silent movies
Russian movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
Anna Karenina is a 1953 Russian historical drama movie directed by Tatyana Lukashevich and based on the 1877 novel of the same name by Leo Tolstoy. It stars Alla Tarasova, Nikolai Sosnin, Pavel Massalsky, Viktor Stanitsyn and was distributed by Mosfilm.

Other websites
 

1953 drama movies
Russian movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Tatyana Lukashevich
Ventenac-en-Minervois is a commune of 553 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References

Other websites

Communes in Aude
Villarzel-Cabardès is a commune of 238 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References

Other websites

Communes in Aude
Fake news (also known as junk news, pseudo-news, alternative facts or hoax news) is a form of news made up of misinformation or hoaxes spread through large news media (print and broadcast) or online social media. In some cases, these fake news were spread on purpose. 

The term has been used and made popular by American President Donald Trump.

References

Donald Trump
News
Villebazy is a commune of 127 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
FC Basel 1893 (Fussball Club Basel 1893), widely known as FC Basel, FCB, or just Basel, is a Swiss football club based in Basel, in the Canton of Basel-Stadt. 

It was created in 1893, the club has been Swiss national champions 20 times, Swiss Cup winners 12 times, and Swiss League Cup winners once.

References

Other websites 

 Official website

1890s establishments in Switzerland
1893 establishments in Europe
Basel
Basel
The Lovebirds is a 2020 American romantic comedy action mystery thriller movie directed by Michael Showalter. The movie stars Issa Rae and Kumail Nanjiani, as well as Paul Sparks, Anna Camp, and Kyle Bornheimer. It is about a couple who goes on the run after witnessing a murder.

It was supposed to be released by Paramount Pictures on April 3, 2020, but the movie was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Its rights were then sold to Netflix, which released the movie digitally on May 22, 2020.

The movie had mixed reviews with a 67% on Rotten Tomatoes.

References

2020 comedy movies
2020s thriller movies
American romantic comedy movies
American action comedy movies
American action thriller movies
American mystery movies
Netflix movies
McCook is a city in and the county seat of Red Willow County, Nebraska, United States.  The population was 7,698 at the 2010 census.

References

Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Falls City is a city and county seat of Richardson County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 4,325 at the 2010 census.

References

County seats in Nebraska
Cities in Nebraska
Sadhu Sundar Singh (Punjabi:  (Gurmukhi);   (Shahmukhi); born 3 September 1889) was an Indian Christian missionary. He is believed to have died in the foothills of the Himalayas in 1929.

Early life

Born a Sikh in the Punjab state of India, Sundar Singh attended a Christian School.  He was also influenced by Hindu and Sikh holy men. At age 14 his mother died and he rebelled against religion.  He wanted to kill himself, but prayed that God would come and stop him.  That night, he believed that Jesus appeared to him. He decided to become a Christian missionary.  His family opposed this, but at age 16 he was baptized.

Missionary travels

Taking the title Sadhu, Sundar began to travel within India and Kashmir. He also went to Afganistan and Tibet.  He believed that western influences had corrupted Christian belief and practice.  He studied at an Anglican college for a short time. Then he left because the priest tried to get him to dress like a European and adopt other British customs. His travels are believed to have resulted in many conversions. He kept no records so exact information is not available. It is also told that he did miracles through the power of Jesus. 

Later Sundar Singh traveled in many countries including Europe and North America.  He was made sad by the materialism of those countries, and returned to India to continue his work.  While on a final trip to Tibet, he is assumed to have died, but no details are known.
Smithfield is a town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 21,430 at the 2010 census.  Smithfield is the home of Bryant University, a private four year college.

References

Towns in Rhode Island
Richard H. Timberlake, Jr. (June 24, 1922 – May 22, 2020) was an American economist. He was Professor of Economics at the University of Georgia. He was a known supporter of free banking. He believed that money should be issued by private companies, not by the government. 

He wrote about the Legal Tender Cases of the U.S. Supreme Court in his book Constitutional Money: A Review of the Supreme Court's Monetary Decisions. He was born in Steubenville, Ohio.

Timberlake died on May 22, 2020 in Athens, Georgia at the age of 97.

References

Other websites
 Biography at Advocates for Self-Government 
 Biography at Econ Journal watch

 Podcast of Richard Timberlake on the gold standard

1922 births
2020 deaths
Educators from Ohio
American economists
American political writers
Scientists from Ohio
Writers from Ohio
Scientists from Georgia (U.S. state)
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Steubenville, Ohio
Educators from Georgia (US)
Johanna Bassani (25 April 2002 – 5 May 2020) was an Austrian combined Nordic skier and ski jumper.

Career
She began her career with the team UVB Hinzenbach, winning the championship in her Austrian hometown of Attnang-Puchheim at the age of twelve.

In her debut at the Summer Grand Prix in 2019, Bassani finished 18th. In October 2019, she won the silver medal at the Austrian national Nordic combined championships. Afterwards, she focused on the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics in Lausanne with Nordic combined.

After finishing eighth in the Gundersen individual event, Bassani competed with the Austrian Nordic combined team, winning the silver medal. She then finished 11th at the 2020 Nordic Combined Continental Cup in Eisenerz.

She was named to the Austrian national team for the 2020 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships in Oberwiesenthal.

Death
Bassani died on 5 May 2020 at the age of 18.

References

2002 births
Austrian sportspeople
People from Upper Austria
People who committed suicide
Skiers
Suicide in 2020
Albert Memmi (; December 15, 1920 – May 22, 2020) was a Tunisian-born French writer, sociologist and essayist. He was born in Tunis. 

Memmi's well-known first novel, La statue de sel (translated as The Pillar of Salt), was published in 1953. It had an introduction written by Albert Camus and was awarded the Fénéon Prize in 1954.  His other novels include Agar (translated as Strangers), Le Scorpion (The Scorpion), and Le Desert (The Desert).

Memmi's related sociological works include Dominated Man, Dependence, and Racism.

He died on May 22, 2020 in Paris at the age of 99.

References

1920 births
2020 deaths
French writers
Tunisian writers
Sociologists
French essayists
People from Tunis
Deborah Leah Birx (born April 4, 1956) is an American physician and diplomat. She was the United States Global AIDS Coordinator for Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump from 2014 to 2021. She was best known as the Coronavirus Response Coordinator for the White House Coronavirus Task Force since 2020.

Notes

References

1956 births
Living people
Ambassadors of the United States
American physicians
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Scientists from Pennsylvania
Carpenter Township is one of thirteen townships in Jasper County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,953 and it contained 881 housing units.

References

Settlements in Indiana
Robert Ray Redfield Jr. (born July 10, 1951) is an American virologist. He was the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from March 2018 until Januar 2021.

References

1951 births
Living people
American physicians
Researchers
Scientists from Baltimore
Writers from Baltimore
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Tajikistan when its index cases, in Dushanbe and Khujand, were confirmed on 30 April 2020.

On February 10, a Somon Air charter flight flew to Wuhan, Hubei, China to evacuate the fifty-four citizens of Tajikistan in the city. The flight carried humanitarian cargo including medical supplies from Tajikistan to Wuhan. 

On February 13, 13,000 copies of WHO guidelines and recommendations to stop the risk of coronavirus infection were printed and given to Tajik citizens. At the time, more than 900 citizens who arrived in Tajikistan from China were being supervised by doctors in Tajikistan's hospitals. No cases of coronavirus were reported. 

On February 21, President Emomali Rahmon received a message from Chinese President Xi Jinping thanking Rahmon for his support in connection with the coronavirus outbreak. 

On April 2, 6,272 people who arrived in Tajikistan from foreign countries after February 1 had been put in quarantine, and 2,359 had already been discharged, leaving 3,913 still in quarantine. No cases of coronavirus were confirmed in the country.

On 1 May, there were 32 confirmed cases, of which 17 are in Dushanbe, 5 in cities and districts of republican subordination, and 10 in Sughd Region.

On 2 May, there were 76 confirmed cases and two deaths. All people have to wear face masks when they leave their house.

On 3 May, the number of cases went up to 128. The mayor of Dushanbe said that they will build temporary hospitals to treat 3,000 people.

On 6 May, the Tajikistan Football Federation extended the suspension of football until further notice.

References

History of Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Villeneuve-la-Comptal is a commune of 1,305 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Villeneuve-lès-Montréal is a commune of 300 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Villeneuve-Minervois is a commune of 1,019 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Villetritouls is a commune of 38 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Hancock County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, 9,429 people lived there. The county seat is Sparta.

1793 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Good Morning Britain (often abbreviated to GMB) is a breakfast programme on British television network ITV weekdays between 6:00 am to 9:00 am (formerly 8:30am). The show launched on 28 April 2014 after Daybreak was cancelled.

The current main anchors are Susanna Reid, Ben Shephard and Kate Garraway, with Charlotte Hawkins, Ranvir Singh and Sean Fletcher as newsreaders. Piers Morgan presented the show since 2015 to 2021. The show aired until 10:00am, hosted by Lorraine Kelly after Lorraine was temporarily cancelled. On Monday 13 July, the Lorraine programme returned, meaning Good Morning Britain went back to its original air time of 6.00am to 9.00am.
Decatur County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, 27,842 people lived there. The county seat is Bainbridge.

1820s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1823 establishments in the United States
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Dodge County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, 21,796 people lived there. The county seat is Eastman.

1870 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Smoky is a 1966 American western movie directed by George Sherman. It is the third adaptation of the 1926 novel Smoky the Cowhorse by Will James. It stars Fess Parker, Diana Hyland, Hoyt Axton, Katy Jurado, Roy Jenson, Chuck Robertson, Robert J. Wilke and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 

1966 movies
1960s western movies
American western movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by George Sherman
20th Century Fox movies
Movies about horses
Rasputin, the Mad Monk is a 1966 British Hammer horror movie directed by Don Sharp and stars Christopher Lee, Barbara Shelley, Francis Matthews, Richard Pasco, Suzan Farmer, Brian Wilde, Joss Ackland, Bryan Marshall. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1966 movies
1960s horror movies
British horror movies
Movies set in Russia
Movies directed by Don Sharp
White Rose () is a 1919 Hungarian drama movie directed by Alexander Korda and based on the 1853 novel by Mór Jókai. It stars María Corda, Gyula Bartos, Emil Fenyvessy, Helene von Bolvary.

Other websites

1919 movies
1910s drama movies
Hungarian silent movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
The War Between Men and Women is a 1972 American comedy–drama movie directed by Melville Shavelson and stars Jack Lemmon, Barbara Harris, Jason Robards, Herb Edelman, Lisa Gerritsen, Moosie Drier, Severn Darden, Joyce Brothers. It was distributed by National General Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1972 comedy movies
1972 drama movies
1970s comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American independent movies
Movies directed by Melville Shavelson
Ave Caesar! is a 1919 Hungarian drama movie directed by Alexander Korda and stars Oscar Beregi Sr., María Corba, Gábor Rajnay.

Other websites

1919 movies
1910s drama movies
Hungarian silent movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
The Duped Journalist is a 1914 Hungarian drama movie directed by Alexander Korda and starring Gyula Gózon, Gyula Szőreghy, Gyula Zilahi.

Other websites

1914 movies
1910s drama movies
Hungarian silent movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
Apu Biswas (born 11 October 1989) is a Bangladeshi movie actress, model and former wife of Shakib Khan. Biswas made her debut in the movie industry with the movie Kal Shokale in 2006. She then performed in Koti Takar Kabin'.

Early life
Apu was born on 11 October 1989 as Abonti Biswas in Bogra district of Bangladesh to Upendronath Bishwas and Shefali Bishwas.

Career
Biswas made her debut in the movie industry with the movie Kal Shokale in 2006. She then performed in Koti Takar Kabin. Biswas played the role of Parvati in the 2013 Bangladeshi remake of Devdas. She performed in the 2013 movie My Name Is Khan. Mostly she was work with Shakib khan.

Personal life
In 2008, Biswas married actor Shakib Khan. The couple has one son, named Abraham Khan Joy, who was born on 27 September 2016 in Kolkata. The news of marriage and child was kept secret from the public until 10 April 2017, when Apu appeared on television with her son and revealed the relationship. The couple divorced on 22 February 2018.

References

1982 births
Living people
Bangladeshi movie actors
Models
Xanadu is a 1980 American musical fantasy movie directed by Robert Greenwald and starring Olivia Newton-John, Gene Kelly, Michael Beck, Matt Lattanzi, Jo Ann Harris. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was a box office failure.

Other websites
 

1980 movies
1980s fantasy movies
1980s musical movies
American fantasy movies
American musical movies
The Young Master () is a 1980 Hong Kong action comedy movie directed by Jackie Chan (who also stars) and starring Yuen Biao, Tien Feng, Fung Fung, Lee Hoi-sang, Hwang In-Shik. It was distributed by Golden Harvest.

Other websites

1980 action movies
1980 comedy movies
Hong Kong movies
Movies directed by Jackie Chan
Balbir Singh Dosanjh (31 December 1923 – 25 May 2020) was an Indian hockey player and coach. He was a three-time Olympic gold champion after participating in India's wins in London (1948), Helsinki (1952) (as Vice Captain), and Melbourne (1956) (as Captain) Olympics. He was seen as one of the greatest hockey players of all time. He was born in Punjab, British India.

Singh Sr. died on 25 May 2020 of bronchopneumonia-related problems at the age of 96.

References

1923 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Indian sportspeople
Field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists
The Prince and the Pauper (German: Prinz und Bettelknabe) is a 1920 Austrian adventure movie directed by Alexander Korda and based on the 1881 novel of the same name by Mark Twain. It stars Tibor Lubinszky, Franz Herterich, Albert Schreiber, Adolf Weisse and was distributed by UFA.

Other websites

1920 movies
1920s adventure movies
Austrian movies
Silent movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
A Vanished World is a 1922 Austrian adventure movie directed by Alexander Korda and based on the novel by Lajos Bíró. It stars Alberto Capozzi, Victor Varconi, María Corda, Tibor Lubinszky, Gyula Szőreghy.

Other websites

1922 movies
1920s adventure movies
Austrian movies
Silent movies
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
Han Seung-soo (born 28 December 1936) is a South Korean politician. He was Prime Minister of South Korea from 29 February 2008 to 28 September 2009, and was the President of the 56th session of the General Assembly of the United Nations, in 2001 and 2002.

In 2004, he was honored as an honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) by Queen Elizabeth II.

References

1936 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of South Korea
Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly
Fearless Hyena is a 1979 Hong Kong action comedy movie directed by first time director Jackie Chan (who also stars) and stars James Tien, Dean Shek, Lee Kwan, Eagle Han-ying. It was distributed by Lung Cheung Company Limited.

Other websites
 
 

1970s action movies
1979 comedy movies
Hong Kong movies
Movies directed by Jackie Chan
Off Beat is a 1986 American comedy movie directed by Michael Dinner and stars Judge Reinhold, Meg Tilly, John Turturro, Clevant Derricks, Harvey Keitel, Joe Mantegna, Anthony Zerbe, Chris Noth, Mike Starr. It was distributed by Touchstone Pictures.

Other websites
 

1986 comedy movies
1986 romance movies
1980s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Matrix analysis is a subfield of linear algebra. It focuses on analytical properties of matrices.
In this subject, vector norms and matrix norms are introduced. The goal of this area is deepen understanding to matrix eigenvalues and system of linear equations. This leads to discussions in numerical linear algebra.

Main Topics
The following topics are studied in the context of matrix analysis:
 Discussing matrices by tools from functional analysis
 Inequalities related to matrix norms or matrix eigenvalues
 Behavior of matrix eigenvalues

Significance
Functional analysis usually discusses mathematical operators in infinite dimension Hilbert spaces. But difficulty remains even discussion is limited to matrices (which is a finite dimension mathematical operator). This is because difficulty comes not only from infinite dimension but also non-commutativity. And matrices are good examples of non-commutative mathematical operators (In other words, you cannot change the order of matrix multiplication). Matrix analysis is trying to overcome problems caused by non-commutativity.

Achievements
The following results are known as remarkable achievements in this area:
 Matrix Young inequalities
 Lidskii theorem
 Hansen-Pedersen method

Journals
The following journals include articles about matrix analysis:
 SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications (Published by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics)
 Linear Algebra and its Applications
 Linear and Multilinear Algebra
 The Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra (Published by the International Linear Algebra Society)

References

Further Reading

 
Fields of mathematics
Linear algebra
The Price of Betrayal () is a 1915 Swedish drama movie directed by Victor Sjöström and starring Gabriel Alw, Stina Berg, Egil Eide.

Other websites

1915 movies
1910s drama movies
Swedish movies
Silent movies
Movies directed by Victor Sjöström
A Ruined Life () is a 1912 Swedish short movie directed by first time director Victor Sjöström and stars Hilda Borgström, Richard Lund, John Ekman.

Other websites

1912 movies
Swedish movies
Silent movies
Short movies
Movies directed by Victor Sjöström
The Outlaw and His Wife () is a 1918 Swedish Icelandic drama movie directed by Victor Sjöström (who also stars) and based on the 1911 play by Jóhann Sigurjónsson. It stars John Ekman, Edith Erastoff, Jenny Tschernichin-Larsson.

Other websites
 

1918 movies
1910s drama movies
Swedish drama movies
Icelandic movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Victor Sjöström
Jack Peter Grealish (born 10 September 1995) is an English footballer who plays for as a winger or attacking midfielder for Manchester City and the English national team.

References

English footballers
1995 births
Living people
The 1987 World Snooker Championship was a snooker event that took place between 18 April and 4 May 1987. It was played at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.

Defending champion Joe Johnson made it to the final again. He played Steve Davis, a repeat of the 1986 final. However, Johnson did not win, as he fell to the Crucible curse and lost 14–18 to Davis. It was Davis' fourth world title. The event was sponsored by cigarette maker Embassy.

Main draw 
Shown below are the results for the tournament. The numbers in brackets denote players seedings, whilst players in bold are match winners.

Century breaks 
There were 18 century breaks at the championship. The highest of which being a 127 made by Steve Davis. This break was the lowest highest break recorded since the event moved to the Crucible Theatre. A 132 made by Dene O'Kane was the highest break of the qualifying stages.
 127 Steve Davis
 119, 114 Jimmy White
 112 Rex Williams
 109, 106, 105, 102 Neal Foulds
 108, 102, 101 Joe Johnson
 105, 103 Mike Hallett
 103 Stephen Hendry
 103 Steve Longworth
 101 John Virgo
 100 Tony Meo
 100 Ray Reardon

References 

World Snooker Championship
The 1985 World Snooker Championship was a snooker tournament. It took place from 12 to 28 April 1985 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England. The event was run by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA). It was the ninth World Snooker Championship to be held at the Crucible the first event taking place in 1977. A five-round qualifying event was held at the Preston Guild Hall. The event was shown on TV in the United Kingdom by the BBC, and was sponsored by the Embassy cigarette company. The total prize fund for the event was £250,000. It was the highest prize pool for any snooker tournament to that date; the winner received £60,000.

The defending champion was Steve Davis, who had won the event three times. Davis met Northern Irishman Dennis Taylor in the final which was a best-of-35-frames (first to 18) match. Davis took an early 8–0 lead, but Taylor drew level at 17–17. The final frame was played over the final black ball - the player able to pot the ball winning the event. After both players missed, Taylor potted the black to win.. The match, often called the "black ball final", is the best-known match in the history of the sport..

Canadian Bill Werbeniuk made the event's highest break, a 143, in his first-round match. There were 14 century breaks made, with 10 more in qualifying matches. This was the first professional snooker event to have a ban on drugs. All players in the main stage having to undertake tests. The final between Davis and Taylor holds the record for the most-viewed show in the United Kingdom of a programme shown after midnight. t had a peak of 18.5 million viewers for the match's final frame, breaking the existing records for the most-viewed sporting event and BBC2 programme.

Main draw 
The results for each round of the main stage of the championship are shown below. The numbers in parentheses beside some of the players are their seeding ranks (each championship has 16 seeds and 16 qualifiers).

Century breaks 
There were 14 century breaks in the championship. Bill Werbeniuk's 143 against Joe Johnson in the first round was the joint third-highest break in the championship's history, tied with his break in 1979 and Willie Thorne's in 1982. Only Cliff Thorburn's maximum break in 1983 and Doug Mountjoy's 145 in 1981 were higher. Tony Knowles missed the black on a break of 137 that would have scored a 144 in his second-round match with Jimmy White.

 143 Bill Werbeniuk
 137, 117 Tony Knowles
 128, 117 Dennis Taylor
 123 Tony Meo
 114, 108 Jimmy White
 114 John Parrott
 106, 105, 100 Steve Davis
 103 Cliff Thorburn
 101 Neal Foulds

Qualifying stages
There were ten century breaks in the qualifying stages; the highest was made by Danny Fowler in his round-of-64 10–0 whitewash of Jim Donnelly.

 137 Danny Fowler
 134 Steve Newbury
 132 Bernie Mikkelsen
 119 John Virgo
 110, 101 Bob Chaperon
 109 Neal Foulds
 107 Dave Chalmers
 104 Tony Jones
 100 Steve Longworth

References

World Snooker Championship
Deva or Dev are terms used by the Hindu people for The Almighty or The GOD. Hindu people believe that there are 330 million deva or gods present in their religion.
words
Hinduism
Willem Jacob "Molly" Geertsema (18 October 1918 - 27 June 1991) was a Dutch civil servant and politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).

Geertsema was a member of the House of Representatives (parliamentary leader) and the Senate. He was also a deputy prime minister, government minister, political leader, councillor (Leiden and The Hague), mayor (Warffum and Wassenaar) and Queen's Commissioner of Gelderland.

Geertsema, who belonged to the Remonstrants, studied law at Leiden University and was also a lobbyist and LGBT rights activist.
He was born in Utrecht and died in Wassenaar at the age of 72.

References
 Biography, Parlement.com
 Biography, Biografisch Woordenboek Gelderland
 Biography, Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland: 1880-2000
 Biography, Documentatiecentrum Nederlandse Politieke Partijen

1918 births
1991 deaths
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch activists
Dutch civil servants
Dutch councillors
Dutch lobbyists
Dutch mayors
Dutch provincial politicians
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
LGBT rights activists
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from Utrecht (city)
Remonstrants
The Battle of Chosin Reservoir (17 November – 13 December 1950) was an important battle during the Korean War.

The United Nations Command, led by the United States, occupied North Korea, which had attacked South Korea.

China entered the war after several warnings to the United Nations. It attacked United Nations Command and forced its retreat.

The result was a stalemate, with an armistice dividing Korea at the 38th parallel.

Background
North Korea invaded South Korea across the 38th parallel and occupied most of South Korea. The South Korean Army retreated to Busan.

The United Nations Command intervened, landed at Incheon, and captured Seoul, The United Nations occupied North Korea and approached the border with China, the Yalu River.

Chinese forces infiltrated into North Korea and hid there. Mao Zedong decided to attack the United Nations during the Second Phase Offensive.

Terrain
The Korean Peninsula has a mountain range, the Taebaek Mountains, in its middle that divides the east from the west. The Chosin Reservoir was a man-made lake in hilly terrain in the northeast of the peninsula. A road connects the reservoir to the southeast to the port city of Hungnam.

References

Korean War
1950
Ladislao De Gauss (6 July 1901 – 2 February 1970) was a Croatian painter and illustrator. His work was in the avant-garde style.

Biography 
De Gauss was born in Budapest. He came from a noble family in Rijeka, a city in what is now in Croatia. After studying classics in Rijeka, he went to the Academy of Fine Arts in Budapest. He graduated from the academy with an official qualification as a drawing teacher. He then returned to Rijeka to live and work. In 1928 he was one of the founders of a group of avant-garde painters in the city. In 1945 he moved to the Italian city of Trieste. He died there at the age of 69.

There are works by De Gauss in the Revoltella Museum in Trieste and the National Gallery of Art in Rijeka. There is also a mosaic and a small religious painting in a church at the town of Kozala in Croatia.

References

Bibliography 
 Fulvio Monai, Passato e Presente del collezionismo isontino, Studi Goriziani, XXXI, gennaio-giugno 1962, p. 135
 Onorare con una mostra l'opera di Lao de Gauss, Il Piccolo, 3. 12. 1970
 Anna Antoniazzo Bocchina, Arte e artisti figurativi a Fiume dal 1900 al 1945, Fiume: Rivista di studi fiumani, II, Nr. 1, Padova, May 1982, pp. 36, 38-40, 42-46, figg. 1 and 11

1901 births
1970 deaths
People from Budapest
Painters
Hagar in the Desert (also known as Agar confortata da un angelo nel deserto or Agar comforted by an angel in the desert) is a 18th-century painted in oil by Giambattista Pittoni, made around 1720-1725, during the Rococo in Venice, Italy, exhibited at the sacristy of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice.

Description 
Hagar, Sarah's Egyptian maiden, was the mother of Ishmael, the first son of Abraham. When Isaac, Sarah's son, made fun of his younger brother Ishmael, Sarah asked Abraham to ban him, along with his mother. Before sending them away, Abraham gave him bread and a bottle of water and sent them to the desert of Beersheba.
When the water ran out, Hagar placed Ishmael under a bush to die and then sat a little far away, crying. But an angel appeared, traditionally the archangel Michael, who revealed to him a nearby water well, so that both were saved. Two scenes, the exile and the appearance of the angel are common in Italian and Dutch 17th century painting.

Bibliography 
 A. Augusti e S. Giacomelli Scalabrini, Basilica di Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari. Arte e devozione, Venezia 1994, p. 7

References 

18th-century paintings
Susanna and the Elders  (also known as Susanna e i Vecchioni) is a 18th-century portrait painted in oil by Giambattista Pittoni, made around 1720, during the Rococo in Venice, Italy, exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Description 
It is a compositional drawing in black chalk that depicts the history of Old Testament of  Susanna, here portrayed on the right in nudity, surprised during the bath by two elderly people, whose figures are summarily portrayed.

Interpretation
Pittoni initially sketched the general composition quickly and lightly, then elaborated the contours of the male figures with much greater hand pressure to give the tonal emphasis.
It is a work with the typical Rococo sensitivity of Pittoni, in which the composition seems to have been made for a painting, and seems to be closely related to the work of a sketch present in the Correr Civic Museum of Venice (inv. 4338) and in the Foundation Cini of Venice (inv. 30,252). The back of the work contains some accidental scribbles in black and red chalk (an upward motif seems to represent architectural forms), which do not seem to be the artist's. The annotation of the back in black plaster "79" is of an 18th century hand, while the annotation of the graphite verso "14 [?]. 39.8 / 1" is of a modern hand. (Carmen C. Bambach, 2005).

References

Bibliography 
 F. Zava Boccazzi, Pittoni, Venezia 1979

Other websites
 Giovanni Battista Pittoni «Susanna and the Elders» (recto); Architectural design and other scribbles (verso), metmuseum.org

18th-century paintings
Hans-Dietrich Ernst (born November 3, 1908 Opole - March 1991 ) was a German lawyer, SS squad leader and Sicherheitsdienst (SD) lawyer.
He was a commander of the security police and SD (KdS) in German-occupied France during the World War II. He was responsible for the deportation of Jews.

Life 
He studied law.
After the National Socialists seized power , he joined the party. 
After completing his studies, he worked in Hamburg and Berlin.
After Austria's annexation in 1939, he worked in the office of the "Reich Commissioner for the Reunification of Austria with the German Empire". 
He was appointed government councilor in 1940, in Hamburg.
He became deputy of the district administrator in Tegel in the Karlovy Vary region. 
He was promoted to Senior Government.

He worked in German-occupied France as a war administration officer in Dux. 
In 1941 in Bordeaux, he was a consultant for police matters. 
In early June 1942, he was commander of the security police and SD (KdS) in Angers.
Under his command, a transport of Jews from Angers to Auschwitz-Birkenau, began on 20 July 1942 .
He left Angers in August 1944, as the Allies advanced. From September to November 1944, he was in the Vosges department.

After the war, Ernst was interned by United States forces, but he escaped. 
He went into hiding in Leipzig, but was arrested by the Soviet occupying forces.
He was sentenced to twenty years of forced labor. 
From 1947 to 1956, he was imprisoned in the Vorkuta Gulag. labor camp.
He moved to Leer in early 1956 and received a fine of  5,520 DM. 
He was warned not to travel to France. 
He could not return to the public service. 
From 1958 he was admitted to the bar in Leer, and from 1964 was a notary. In 1962, the CIA searched for him as a person of interest.

References 

1908 births
1991 deaths
Urchin barrens are places in the ocean where sea urchins have eaten and killed so many kelp plants that they turned a kelp forest into something like a desert. This happens when there are too many sea urchins. The fish, krill and other animals that live in the kelp either die or leave. Urchin barrens occur in coastal areas of the Pacific Ocean.

Urchin barrens had been forming for a long time, but in the second half of the 2010s, there were suddenly many more.

Causes

People first noticed urchin barrens in the 1800s when the sea otters were hunted for their fur. People killed so many sea otters that they almost went extinct. Sea otters like to eat sea urchins, so without sea otters to eat them, there were many, many sea urchins.

Warm ocean currents also affect sea urchin populations. In some places, kelp forests turn into urchin barrens and then grow back depending on the currents that year.

Starfish also eat sea urchins. The sunflower starfish is the only animal that regularly eats the purple sea urchin. Even sea otters like red sea urchins more than they like purple sea urchins. When a disease in 2013 killed most of the starfish on the Pacific coast, there were many more purple sea urchins left. One study showed that the number of purple sea urchins in one reef off the coast of Oregon increased 10,000% in the five years between 2014 and 2019. They either ate or crowded out the red abalone and red sea urchins that humans like to eat. The abalone fishery in California closed in 2018, a loss of US$44 million per year.

When purple sea urchins run out of food, they try to eat each other, and then they become dormant, as if sleeping. They do not try to reproduce, so their gonads shrink. Because the gonads are the part of the urchin that humans like to eat, dormant purple sea urchins cannot be caught and sold for food.

Climate change

Scientists said the warmer water in the early 2010s weakened the bull kelp. In 2016, a mass of warm water nicknamed the "Blob" kept the coast of California very warm. The warm water also made it easier for the sea urchins to reproduce, so they had many more young than usual.

A study showed that 90% of the bull kelp off the coast of California had been killed in the late 2010s.

Restoration
Scientists performed tank and ocean experiments on other animals, such as lobsters, to see if they would eat enough purple sea urchins to help the kelp forests grow back, but they only helped a little.

In places where sea otters have returned, like Juan de Fuca Strait, they ate enough sea urchins that the kelp forests grew back.

Some companies hired red abalone divers to collect purple sea urchins and bring them to controlled sea ranches where they could be fed until they were healthy enough to sell for human use.

References

Biomes
Ecology
Habitats
At around 2:35 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on January 6, 1994, American figure skater Nancy Kerrigan was hit on the lower right thigh with a baton at the Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan. She had just finished practising on an ice rink in the arena. Shane Stant did the attack with his uncle Derrick Smith. Smith was the getaway driver. They were both paid by Jeff Gillooly and Shawn Eckardt to injure Kerrigan so that she could not take part in the 1994 U.S. Figure Skating championships and 1994 Winter Olympics. Jeff Gillooly was the ex-husband of Nancy Kerrigan's rival in figure skating at the time, Tonya Harding. Some people think Harding was also involved in the attack. Gillooly and Eckdardt both said that Tonya Harding knew about the attack, but Harding said that she didn't know about it.

Kerrigan could not take part in the rest of the U.S. Championships because of the attack. She healed in time to take part in the Winter Olympics and got a silver medal. Harding took part in both the U.S. Championships and the Winter Olympics. Tonya Harding was banned for life from USFSA figure skating events. Harding had won the U.S. Championships, but had this taken away from her afterwards.

Background
Nancy Kerrigan is an American former figure skater. In January 1994, she was about to take part in the U.S. Figure Skating Championships in Detroit. Her main rival in that tournament was Tonya Harding. The attack happened a few days before the tournament. It caused to Kerrigan to not be able to take part. The Winter Olympics were also going to take place in February. Kerrigan and Harding were the two female figure skaters from the United States in the Olympics. The attack helped Harding as it made it easier for her to win the U.S. Championships. It also could have helped her if it had stopped Kerrigan from taking part in the Olympics.

References

1994 in the United States
1990s crimes in the United States
1990s in Michigan
20th century in Detroit, Michigan

Figure skating
January events
Avilés () is a  city in Asturias, Spain. Avilés is with Oviedo and Gijón, one of the main towns in the Principality of Asturias.

References

Municipalities in Asturias
Cities in Spain
Jeremy "Spike" Cohen (born June 28, 1982) is an American activist, businessman, and podcaster. He was the Libertarian Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 2020 election.

Cohen ran with Vermin Supreme for President and Vice President in the 2020 Libertarian Presidential primaries, and was actively involved in campaigning.

In 2020 Supreme lost the primary to Jo Jorgensen, but Cohen decided to still compete for the vice-presidential Libertarian nomination. He won the vice presidential nomination.

References

1982 births
Living people
2020 United States vice-presidential candidates
American political activists
Businesspeople from South Carolina
Politicians from South Carolina
People from Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
Businesspeople from Baltimore
Politicians from Baltimore
US Libertarian Party politicians
John Benedict Eden, Baron Eden of Winton,  (15 September 1925 – 23 May 2020) was a British Conservative politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Bournemouth West from 1954 to 1983. From 1983 to 2015, he was a member of the House of Lords.

Eden died on 23 May 2020 at the age of 94.

References

1925 births
2020 deaths
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 1951–1955
UK MPs 1955–1959
UK MPs 1959–1964
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
Kolya () is a 1996 Czech drama movie directed by Jan Svěrák and starring Zdeněk Svěrák, Andrey Khalimon, Libuše Šafránková, Stella Zázvorková. It was distributed by Miramax and won an Academy Award in 1997.

Other websites
 
 

1996 drama movies
Czech movies
French drama movies
British drama movies
Movies directed by Jan Svěrák
Marvin Luster (November 27, 1937 – May 25, 2020) was an American-Canadian professional football player. Luster was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for fourteen years. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins. 

Luster was selected originally by the Los Angeles Rams in the 1960 NFL Draft. He played as a defensive back for the Toronto Argonauts and Montreal Alouettes. He won the 1974 Grey Cup. He was a member of the Canadian Football Hall of Fame. 

In November, 2006, he was voted one of the CFL's Top 50 players (#35) of the league's modern era by Canadian sports network TSN. 

Luster died in Atlanta, Georgia on May 25, 2020 at the age of 82.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
American football defensive ends
Canadian sportspeople
Sportspeople from Louisiana
People from Shreveport, Louisiana
Oswaldo Fumeiro Alvarez (21 August 1956 – 25 May 2020), more commonly known as Vadão, was a Brazilian football manager. He was head coach for the Brazil women's national football team. He was fired after the team lost the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in the 16th round.

Death
Vadão died on 25 May 2020 from liver cancer in São Paulo, aged 63.

Managerial statistics

References

Other websites
Statistics

1956 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Brazilian football managers
People from São Paulo
Caravan (Russian and Kazahk: Караван) is a Kazakhstani Russian-language newspaper published in Almaty.  It is a weekly paper. Caravan was founded in 1991. It focuses on the social, political and economic life of Kazakhstan.  The circulation is 225,000 copies.  The newspaper has won several prizes.

Newspapers
Kazakhstan
Kaul is the caste used by most of the Kashmiri Pandits in India. They are Brahmins who come from Kashmir. After the protest in 1991 from Muslims, all Kashmiri Pandits forcefully left their houses.

Some famous Kashmiri Pandits are:-

Motilal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru
Indira Gandhi
Raaj Kumar, Bollywood actor
Jeevan, Bollywood actor
Mani Kaul, filmmaker

Kashmir
Hinduism
Lucia Quinney Mee BEM (28 May 1999 – 24 May 2020) was a Northern Irish campaigner for organ donation, having had four liver transplants herself, the first at the age of eight. She took part in the 2016 Transplant Games. She started the Live Loudly Donate Proudly campaign.

References

Other websites
 lucia.mee – Live Loudly Donate Proudly

1999 births
2020 deaths
County Antrim
Northern Ireland people
Activists
Organ transplant recipients
El Dorado is a 1966 American western movie directed by Howard Hawks and based on the 1960 novel The Stars in Their Courses by Harry Brown. It stars John Wayne, James Caan, Robert Mitchum, Charlene Holt, Paul Fix, Ed Asner, R. G. Armstrong, Christopher George, John Mitchum and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1966 movies
1960s western movies
American western movies
Turkish movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Howard Hawks
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies about alcoholism‏‎
Movies set in Arizona
Movies set in Utah
Lorna is a 1964 American comedy drama movie directed by Russ Meyer and starring Lorna Maitland, James Rucker. It was distributed by Eve Productions Inc..

Other websites
 
 

1960s comedy-drama movies
1964 comedy movies
1964 drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies directed by Russ Meyer
American independent movies
Back Door to Hell is a 1964 American Filipino World War II movie directed by Monte Hellman and stars Jack Nicholson, Jimmie Rodgers, Annabelle Huggins, John Hackett. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1964 movies
1960s war movies
American war movies
Filipino movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Monte Hellman
Flight to Fury is a 1964 American Filipino adventure drama movie directed by Monte Hellman and Eddie Romero and starring Dewey Martin, Jack Nicholson, Fay Spain, Joseph Estrada, Vic Díaz.

Other websites
 
 
 

1960s adventure movies
1964 drama movies
American drama movies
American adventure movies
Filipino movies
Movies directed by Monte Hellman
The Cavern (, , also known as Helden - Himmel und Hölle) is a 1964 Italian German American World War II drama movie directed by Edgar G. Ulmer and starring John Saxon, Rosanna Schiaffino, Brian Aherne, Larry Hagman. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1960s war movies
1964 drama movies
American drama movies
Italian drama movies
German drama movies
Movies directed by Edgar G. Ulmer
A Patch of Blue is a 1965 American drama movie directed by Guy Green and based on the 1961 novel Be Ready with Bells and Drums by Elizabeth Kara. It stars Sidney Poitier, Shelley Winters, Elizabeth Hartman, Wallace Ford, Ivan Dixon, John Qualen and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1966.

Other websites
 
 
 

1965 drama movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
MGM movies
Movies directed by Guy Green
Z is a 1969 Algerian French thriller movie directed by Costa-Gavras and based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Vassillis Vassilikos. It stars Jean-Louis Trintignant, Yves Montand, Irene Papas, Jacques Perrin, Charles Denner, Georges Géret, Bernard Fresson, Gérard Darrieu and was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1970.

Other websites
 

1969 thriller movies
Algerian movies
French thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Costa-Gavras
Young Billy Young is a 1969 American western movie directed by Burt Kennedy and based on the novel by Heck Allen. It stars Robert Mitchum, Angie Dickinson, Robert Walker, David Carradine, Jack Kelly, Paul Fix, Deana Martin and was distributed by United Artists.

Other websites
 
 
 

1969 movies
1960s western movies
American western movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Burt Kennedy
Masters of the Sea (German: Herren der Meere) is a 1922 Austrian silent adventure movie directed by Alexander Korda and based on the novel The Pirates by Ernest Vajda. It stars Victor Varconi, María Corda, Dylan Vanas, Tibor Lubinszky, Gyula Szőreghy and distributed by Sascha-Film. The film was released on 3 February 1922 in Austria.

Other websites
 

1922 movies
1920s adventure movies
Austrian movies
Silent movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Alexander Korda
East Lynne is a 1916 American drama movie directed by Bertman Bracken and based on the 1861 novel of the same name by Ellen Wood. It stars Theda Bara, Ben Deeley, Stuart Holmes, Claire Whitney, William H. Tooker and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1916 movies
1910s drama movies
American drama movies
American silent movies
Movies based on books
Come Drink with Me is a 1966 Hong Kong action fantasy movie directed by King Hu and starring Cheng Pei-pei, Yueh Hua, Chan Hung-lit, Ku Feng, Jackie Chan. It was distributed by Shaw Brothers Studio.

Other websites

1966 movies
1960s action movies
1960s fantasy movies
Hong Kong movies