cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Anguis fragilis (the slow-worm, or blindworm) is a lizard which is limbless (meaning it has no legs or arms). It has a wide distribution in Europe and Asia, and is one of the few reptiles native to Britain.

When a slow-worm is in danger it can shed (break off) its tail and escape. It can then grow back a new, shorter tail, which it cannot shed.

The female often has a stripe along the back and the male may have blue spots.

Instead of laying eggs, the females give birth to live young (viviparous birth). In the days leading up to birth the female can often be seen basking in the sun on a warm road. 

Slow-worms are often called snakes, but they are not. Slow-worms can blink, but snakes cannot.  They shed their skin in patches like other lizards, rather than the whole skin as most snakes do.

Adult slow-worms grow to be about 50 centimetres long. They are known for their very long life. One was said to have been fifty four years old. 

There are not as many slow-worms as there used to be. Many places where they used to live have been built on. In gardens they can be killed by cats.

References

Anguids
Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio is a broadcast presentation of Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio.  The games include the Opening Day game, the Sunday Night Baseball games, Saturday afternoon games, holiday games (like Memorial Day games) and September pennant race games. The All-Star Game and all of the playoffs can also be heard on ESPN Radio including the Division Series, League Championship Series and the World Series.

In addition to affiliate stations on AM/FM radio, ESPN Radio's game broadcasts are also on XM Satellite Radio.  They are not included in the subscription "Gameday Audio" package on MLB.com, however.

History
On September 27, 1997, ESPN outbid CBS Radio to become the exclusive national radio broadcaster of Major League Baseball. This was very surprising, considering that CBS Radio had been the national broadcaster since 1976. 

The agreement lasted seven years through 2004 and gave ESPN Radio the rights to broadcast numerous games including opening Day, Sunday Night Baseball, Saturday Game of the Week, holiday games, September pennant race games, the All-Star Game and all of the playoffs, including the World Series.

Then on October 21, 2004, ESPN Radio extended its then seven year relationship with Major League Baseball with a five year, $55 million dollar contract extension through the 2010 season.

The agreement also added a weekly program devoted to baseball, which became The Baseball Show from 3 p.m. ET to 7 p.m. ET on Sundays during the regular season. The program is hosted by John Seibel and Steve Phillips.

Broadcasters
ESPN Radio's lead broadcasting crew consists of Gary Thorne and Dave Campbell.  Thorne succeeded Dan Shulman, who had called for the network since 2002; Shulman, in turn, had been preceded by Charley Steiner from 1998-2002. Campbell replaced Kevin Kennedy as analyst in 2000. The pregame host for all of the games since its debut has been Joe D'Ambrosio.

The broadcast team for the World Series and one League Championship Series is Jon Miller and Hall of Famer Joe Morgan. During all of the games there is also the ESPN Radio SportsCenter every twenty minutes with live cut ins during the games.

Major League Baseball
Radio programs
Calixa Lavallée, (born Quebec, 28 December 1842; died Boston, 21 January 1891), was a Canadian-American composer.  For many years he was a travelling musician.  Later he worked hard to improve music education in Canada.  He is famous for composing the music for the Canadian national anthem "O Canada".

Life

Lavallée was born into a French-Canadian family.  Originally his name was Calixte Paquet.  His father made musical instruments and played in a band.  He learned to play the piano, violin and cornet.  He went to the United States and played in a band during the American Civil War.  For many years he travelled, playing and teaching.  He becamGrand Opera House which put on minstrel shows rather than proper operas.  When the theatre closed in 1872 he went back to Montreal.  His friends got enough money together to help him go to France to study at the Paris Conservatoire.  There he studied under famous teachers including Boieldieu.

When he went back to Canada he wanted to help to improve the state of music education there.  He small music school in Quebec but it was always difficult for him to get money from the authorities.  He composed the music to “O Canada” which soon became the Canadian national anthem.

Shortly after that he went to the United States again.  He became music director of the Roman Catholic cathedral in Boston and became very active with the Music Teachers’ National Association.  He died of tuberculosis in 1891.  In 1933, his remains were taken back to Montreal where they were buried in the cemetery.

His music
Besides the tune to O Canada, Lavallée wrote many works, including some comic operas: Loulou, Tiq and The King of Diamonds.  Most of the music that was published consists of his lighter pieces, including a short piece for piano called Papillon (Butterfly) which became extremely popular in North America as well as Europe.

References
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie, 1980; 

1842 births
1891 deaths
Canadian composers
Romantic composers
Sepsis is a very dangerous disease that occurs when an infection goes wrong. Normally the immune system of the body is able to fight the germs and overcome the infection, but in sepsis something goes wrong. The pathogen was at some point able to get into the blood or tissues. The term sepsis is frequently used to refer to septicemia (blood poisoning). Septicemia is only one type of sepsis. Bacteremia specifically refers to the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream (viremia and fungemia are the terms used for  viruses and fungi). A sepsis is a medical emergency, as it can put the life in danger, if it is not acted on.

Symptoms 
Common symptoms of sepsis are inflammations all over the body. This is often combined with high fever. Today, people believe, these symptoms are caused by the immune system trying to fight the disease. Because of the strong reactions, organs can be damaged in the process. In a sense, the immune system over-reacts the germs and goes awry, causing damage to the organs.

Cause of death 
In the United States, sepsis is the leading cause of death for ICU patients which do not have heart problems. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows it is the tenth most common cause of death overall. Older people, those with a weak immune system and those with a strong illness suffer from sepis more often. It is also more dangerous to them. It occurs in 1%-2% of all hospitalizations and accounts for as much as 25% of intensive care unit (ICU) bed utilization. It is a major cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, with mortality rates that range from 20% for sepsis to 40% for severe sepsis to over 60% for septic shock.

More severe forms 
Severe sepsis and septic shock are more severe forms of sepsis. With severe sepsis, one or more organs fail to work. Septic shock is when sepsis is combined with very low blood pressure.

Treatment 
Today, the bacterial forms of sepsis can be treated with antibiotics. In addition, the fluids (blood) containing the germs have to be replaced. It might also be necessary to functionally replace the organs that failed. It is important to begin to treat the sepsis as quickly as possible, as each hour it is left untreated will raise the chances of death by 5% to 10%.

About half the people affected and untreated die from the condition. Rapid access to treatment will increase the chances of survival in most cases.

References

Other websites 
 Society of Critical Care Medicine  Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock (and other guidelines)

Diseases
Sir Patrick Allen McLoughlin CH MP (born November 30, 1957) is an English politician and the current Chief Whip, which is the same job he had in opposition. He was first elected in 1986 in a by-election as the Member of Parliament for the West Derbyshire constituency in the United Kingdom, and since 2010 for its successor, the Derbyshire Dales constituency. 

He is a member of the Conservative Party. In July 2016, Prime Minister Theresa May made McLoughlin Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and Chair of the Conservative Party.

He was knighted in the Resignation Honours of David Cameron in 2016. In Theresa May's Resignation Honours in September 2019, he was made a Companion of Honour.

1957 births
Living people
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Oliver Letwin, a MP and a FRSA (born 19 May 1956) is an English politician. He is currently the Minister of State at the Cabinet Office as well as the Chairman of Policy Review, and Chairman of the Conservative Research Department. He is the Member of Parliament for the West Dorset constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1997 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.

He married Isabel Grace Davidson on 14 September 1984 in Cambridge. They have a twin son and daughter born in July 1993.

Selected works
Oliver Letwin (1987) Ethics, Emotion and the Unity of the Self, Routledge, 
Oliver Letwin and John Redwood. (1988) Britain's Biggest Enterprise – ideas for radical reform of the NHS, Centre for Policy Studies, 
Oliver Letwin (1988) Privatizing the World: A Study of International Privatization in Theory and Practice, Thomson Learning, 
Oliver Letwin (1989) Drift to union: Wiser ways to a wider community, Centre for Policy Studies, 
Oliver Letwin (2003) The Neighbourly Society: Collected Speeches, Centre for Policy Studies,

Related pages
Ukrainian diaspora in the United Kingdom

References

1956 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Former members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Jewish British politicians
Politicians from London
Dame Caroline Alice Spelman DBE MP (née Cormack, born 4 May 1958) is an English politician. She was born in Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire. She is the Meriden constituency in England. She was first elected in the 1997 general election.

In May 2010 she became Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in David Cameron's coalition cabinet, and was sworn as a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010. She served in this role until September 2012, when she was dismissed in a cabinet reshuffle. In 2015, she became Second Church Estates Commissioner.

She is a member of the Conservative Party.

References 

1958 births
Living people
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Former members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from Hertfordshire
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Women politicians
Philip Hammond (born 4 December 1955) is an English politician. He was born in Epping, Essex. He became Chancellor of the Exchequer in 2016. He became Secretary of State for Transport on 12 May 2010, and a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010. He is the Member of Parliament for the Runnymede and Weybridge constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1997 general election. In 2017, he announced the Midlands Engine Strategy.

He was a member of the Conservative Party until 2019. He was suspended from the party after voting against the government in a bill to remove the possibility of a no-deal Brexit.

References 

1955 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Chancellors of the Exchequer
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from Essex
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
David Gordon Mundell (born May 27, 1962) is a British politician and is the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland. He is the Conservative Party Member of Parliament for the Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and Tweeddale constituency in the United Kingdom. Currently, he is the only Conservative Party MP who represents a Scottish constituency. In July 2016, Mundell became the Secretary of State for Scotland.

David Mundell was born in Dumfries, Scotland and was educated at the University of Edinburgh. In 1999 and 2003, he was elected as a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the South of Scotland region however resigned as an MSP following the 2005 General Election when he was elected as an MP. From December 2005 to the 2010 General Election, he was the Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland. After the 2010 election, a Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition was formed and because the Liberal Democrats have more Scottish MP's than the Conservatives, a Liberal Democrat was given the post of Scottish secretary.

On 13 January 2016, Mundell came out as gay on his personal website.

He was previously married to Lynda Carmichael but the couple have divorced. He has three children, one of whom, Oliver Mundell, is a Conservative candidate for the Scottish Parliament in May 2016.

References

1962 births
Living people
Gay men
Members of the British House of Commons for Scottish constituencies
LGBT politicians
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Scottish LGBT people
Dame Cheryl Elise Kendall Gillan DBE MP (21 April 1952 – 4 April 2021) was a British politician.  She was the Secretary of State for Wales from 2010 to 2012. She was a Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the Chesham and Amersham constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1992 to 2021. Gillan was born in Cardiff, Wales.

She was first elected in the 1992 general election and became the Shadow Secretary of State for Wales in 2005. When the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition was formed on 11 May 2010, she became the Secretary of State for Wales. She was dismissed from this post in a cabinet reshuffle in 2012.

She was the Chair of the 1922 committee from May until September 2019. This is the powerful committee of backbench Conservative MPs in the House of Commons.

Gillan was diagnosed with breast cancer in June 2020. She died on 4 April 2021 in Epsom, England from the disease at the age of 68.

References

1952 births
2021 deaths
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
People from Cardiff
Politicians from Glamorgan
Cancer deaths in England
Deaths from breast cancer
Owen William Paterson (born June 24, 1956 in Shropshire, England) is a British politician who was the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. He was a Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of North Shropshire in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

He was first elected in the 1997 general election and first entered the shadow cabinet in 2007.

Other websites

 Owen Paterson MP official constituency website
 Profile  at the Conservative Party

 Guide to new Cabinet members: Owen Paterson, BBC News, 13 May 2010
 Debrett's People of Today 

1956 births
Living people
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Alan James Carter Duncan (born 31 March 1957) is an English politician and a former Minister of State in the Department for International Development. He was born in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire.

He is the Member of Parliament for the Rutland and Melton constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1992 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.

He is openly gay and in a civil partnership with James Dunseath.

References 

1957 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
English LGBT people
Gay men
LGBT politicians
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from Hertfordshire
Francis Anthony Aylmer Maude (born 4 July 1953) is an English politician and the current Minister for the Cabinet Office and Paymaster General. He is the Member of Parliament for the Horsham constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1983 general election for the North Warwickshire constituency but lost in 1992. He returned to parliament in the 1997 general election.

Maude was born in Abingdon-on-Thames, Berkshire. He is a member of the Conservative Party.

1953 births
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
British lawyers
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
English politicians
Living people
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
People from Berkshire
Jeremy Richard Streynsham Hunt MP (born November 1, 1966) is an English politician. He was born in Kennington, London. He is the Member of Parliament for South West Surrey was the Secretary of State for Health from 2012 - 2018. He was first elected in the 2005 general election.

In July 2018 Hunt became the Foreign Secretary after Boris Johnson resigned from the government. 

He gained a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from Magdalen College, Oxford. He is a member of the Conservative Party.

He was appointed as a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010.

On 24 May 2019, Hunt announced his campaign to run for Leader of the Conservative Party in the 2019 election. On 20 June, Hunt and Boris Johnson became the final two candidates in the contest. He lost the election to Johnson on 22 July. He later quit as Foreign Secretary.

References

1966 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from London
Peter Michael Ainsworth (November 16, 1956 – April 6, 2021) was an English politician and was Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. He was the Member of Parliament for the East Surrey constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1992 general election, but decided not to stand for reelection in 2010.

He was a member of the Conservative Party.

Ainsworth died on April 6, 2021 at the age of 64.

References

1956 births
2021 deaths
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
Former members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Theresa Anne Villiers (born March 5, 1968) is an English politician. In July 2019, she became Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs for the Boris Johnson ministry. She stopped being it in 2020 She was first elected in the 2005 general election. She is the Member of Parliament (MP) for Chipping Barnet and the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland . Villiers was the Minister of State for Transport from 2010 to 2012.

She was appointed as a Privy Counsellor on 9 June 2010. 

She is a member of the Conservative Party.

References

1968 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Former MEPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
MEPs for the United Kingdom
Andrew David Lansley (born 11 December 1956 in Hornchurch, Essex, England) is a British politician who was the Secretary of State for Health in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government from 2010 - 2012. He was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the South Cambridgeshire constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. He was first elected as an MP in the 1997 general election. He stepped down at the 2015 general election. 

He was made a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010.

References

1956 births
Living people
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English Anglicans
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Former members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from Essex
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
United Kingdom Life Peers
Michael Andrew Gove (born 26 August 1967) is an British politician. In July 2019, he became the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster for the Boris Johnson administration. In February 2020, he became the Minister for the Cabinet Office.

Career
He was the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from 2017 to 2019 for the Theresa May ministry. He was the Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families, and was the Secretary of State for Education from 12 May 2010 to 15 July 2014. He is the Member of Parliament for the Surrey Heath constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 2005 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party. He was one of the candidates in the 2016 Conservative leadership election. After becoming Prime Minister, Theresa May fired Gove from the Cabinet. However, in 2017 she brought him back and made him the Environment Secretary.

He grew up in Aberdeen. He studied English at Lady Margaret Hall at Oxford University. Gove is married to Sarah Vine, a writer for The Times. They have a daughter and son. He belongs to the Church of England

On 26 May 2019, Gove announced his campaign to run for Leader of the Conservative Party in the 2019 election. He narrowly lost in third place on the fifth ballot and was eliminated on 20 June.

Personal life
Gove is a Queens Park Rangers F.C supporter.

Bibliography 
 Michael Portillo: The Future of the Right (1995) 
 The Price of Peace (2000) 
 A Blue Tomorrow – New Visions for Modern Conservatives (2001) (ed. with Edward Vaizey and Nicholas Boles) 
 Celsius 7/7 (2006)

References

Notes

1967 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
BBC newsreaders and journalists
British adoptees
British Anglicans
British columnists
British journalists
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
People from Aberdeen
Politicians from Edinburgh
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Scottish Christians
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
UK MPs 2019–present
Liam Fox (born September 22, 1961 in East Kilbride, Scotland) is a British politician who was the Defence Secretary in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Woodspring constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, and since 2010 has represented North Somerset.

Liam Fox studied at the University of Glasgow and became a Conservative Party MP at the 1992 General Election. He served in the shadow cabinet from 1999 to 2010 and became Shadow Defence Secretary in December 2005. In 2005, he tried to become leader of the Conservative Party and lost to David Cameron. Fox stood for leader again in 2016, and lost to Theresa May, who became Prime Minister on 13 July 2016. 

May appointed Fox as the first Secretary of State for International Trade in July 2016.

In September 2017, Fox accused EU of trying to blackmail UK over Brexit deal.

References 

1961 births
Living people
Scottish politicians
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
A missionary is a person who tries to convert people to his own faith. In Christianity, this is called evangelism. Missionaries are usually sent from churches or worship places of the religion. They can also do other things, such as deliver medicines and cure diseases. Most major religions of the world have missionaries. 

Some famous missionaries are:

St. Paul
Thomas the Apostle
Saint Patrick
Saints Cyril and Methodius
Francis Xavier
Johnny Appleseed 
George Muller
John Wesley
Charles Wesley, brother of John
George Whitefield
David Livingstone
Hudson Taylor
Florence Nightingale
Sadhu Sundar Singh
Albert Schweitzer
Gladys Aylward
Mother Teresa

Related pages
Evangelism
Religious conversion

Other websites 
Missionaries.org 

 
Christian religious occupations
A partnership is when two or more people work together to complete a task. Those people are partners. Partner may share a business together for the profit of each other. If one business partner ends up making money they both share the profit. Some partners are not individuals but corporations or other groups.

Partnerships may be temporary, e.g. dancing partners (two people who dance together) or partners at a card games such as bridge in which partners work together against the other partners (their opponents).

A partner may also be somebody who lives with another person, e.g. a husband or wife (marriage partners), or a very good friend who shares his or her life with the other person. The word partner in this sense is used a lot in modern times because it does not discriminate between married or unmarried couples.

Society
Business
Magnús Eiríksson (born 22 June, 1806 in Skinnalón, Iceland; died 3 July, 1881 in Copenhagen, Denmark) was an Icelandic theologian. He lived in Copenhagen at the same time as Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) and Hans Lassen Martensen (1808-1884) and viewed their opinions on religion and Christianity with a critical eye.

Magnús Eiríksson was a Lutheran who developed a Unitarian conviction.

Works
Here are some works by Eiríksson, with the Danish title on the right:
 On Baptists and Infant Baptism (Om Baptister og Barnedaab), Copenhagen 1844.
 Faith, Superstition and Unbelief (Tro, Overtro og Vantro), Copenhagen 1846.
 Dr. Martensen’s Printed Moral Paragraphs (Dr. Martensens trykte moralske Paragrapher), Copenhagen 1846.
 Speculative Orthodoxy (Speculativ Rettroenhed), Copenhagen 1849.
 [Theophilus Nicolaus], Is Faith a Paradox and ‘by Virtue of the Absurd’? (Er Troen et Paradox og “i Kraft af det Absurde”? ), Copenhagen 1850.
 About the Gospel of John (Om Johannes-Evangeliet), Copenhagen 1863.
 Paul and Christ (Paulus og Christus), Copenhagen 1871.
 Jews and Christians (Jøder og Christne), Copenhagen 1873.

1806 births
1881 deaths
Christian theologians
Magnus Eiriksson
Lutherans
Unitarians
John Wark (born Glasgow, 4 August 1957) is a former Scottish footballer. He used to play football for Ipswich Town F.C. and Liverpool F.C..

References

1957 births
Living people
Scottish footballers
Sakoku (Japanese: 鎖国, literally "country in chains" or "lock up of country") was the foreign policy of Japan under which no foreigner or Japanese could enter or leave the country on penalty of death. The policy was enacted by the Tokugawa Shogunate under Tokugawa Iemitsu through a number of edicts and policies from 1633-1639 and remained in effect until 1854 with the arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry and the opening of Japan. It was still illegal to leave Japan until the Meiji Restoration (1868).

But Japan was not completely isolated under the sakoku policy. Rather, it was a system in which strict regulations were applied to commerce and foreign relations by the shogunate.

End of seclusion 
On July 8, 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry of the U.S. Navy with four warships demanded that Japan open to trade with the West. 
The following year 1854, Perry returned with seven ships and forced the Shogun to sign the "Treaty of Peace and Amity", establishing formal diplomatic relations between Japan and the United States.

References 

 Hall, John Wesley. (1955) Tanuma Okitsugu: Foreruner of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.....

Other websites 
 Numismatist in Commodore Perry's fleet (1853-54) 

History of Japan
Borneo is the third largest island in the world. It is in the center of maritime southeast Asia. This island is part of three different countries. Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei each have part of Borneo. Indonesia's region is called "Kalimantan" (although Indonesians use this word for the whole island). Malaysia's region of Borneo is called East Malaysia or Malaysian Borneo. The independent nation of Brunei is a small part of the island. Borneo has a rainforest that is in danger because it is valuable. Lumber companies cut trees here illegally.

Geography 
Borneo is surrounded by the South China Sea to the north and northwest, the Sulu Sea to the northeast, the Celebes Sea and the Makassar Strait to the east, and the Java Sea and Karimata Strait to the south. It has an area of 743,330 km² (287,000 square miles). Borneo is home to a few of the oldest rainforests in the world.

Wildlife
Borneo is home to a vast array of wildlife, including the endangered orangutan, as well as other animals such as monkeys, elephants, snakes, parrots, clouded leopards, hornbills, tarsiers and deer.

Islands of Malaysia
Islands of Brunei
Islands of Indonesia
Greater Sunda Islands

Population

The country will have a population of 24 million by 2040 if it grows at the current rate.
Baffin Island () is an island in the territory of Nunavut. It is the largest member of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. It is the largest island in Canada and the fifth largest island in the world, with an area of 507,451 km² (195,928 sq mi). It has a population of 11,000 people as of the year 2007. It is named after the British explorer William Baffin. The island was known to the Norse as Helluland.

Islands of Canada
Nunavut
Kenneth J. Spreitzer wrote the original PC program called "UnInstaller". It was first licensed to MicroHelp and now (Feb 1998) sold by CyberMedia.  After writing the program, Mr. Spreitzer went on to found Maximized Software.

Mr. Spreitzer is a graduate of the University of California, Irvine in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences. He was also the radio personality "Captain Sensible" as heard on KUCI.

References

Other websites 
 Maximized Software

1965 births
Living people

Computer scientists

pt:Instalação (computação)#Desinstalador
Brandy and Mr. Whiskers is an American animated television series from Disney Channel. It is about a female dog named Brandy and a rabbit named Mr. Whiskers. They both get stuck in the Amazon Rainforest together and have to work together to survive.

Characters 
 Brandy Harrington - Kaley Cuoco
 Mr. Whiskers - Charlie Adler and Billy West
 Cheryl and Meryl - Sherri Shepherd
 Ed - Tom Kenny
 Lola Boa - Alanna Ubach
 Margo - Jennifer Hale
 Gaspar Le Gecko - Andre Sogliuzzo and Billy West

Episodes

References

Other websites

2004 television series debuts
2006 television series endings
Animated television series
Television shows about rabbits and hares
Television series by Disney
Television series by Buena Vista Television
Dwyane Tyrone Wade Jr. (born January 17, 1982) is an American basketball player. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. His parents divorced a short time after he was born. He attended college at Marquette University on a scholarship. He was on scholarship for basketball but he did not play his first year because of academic problems. The next year he started on Marquette and led them to a good season. The year after that he led the Marquette Golden Eagles to the Final Four in the NCAA tournament.

Wade went on to the NBA and was selected as the 5th pick overall in the NBA draft by the Miami Heat. He had a good rookie season in the NBA, averaging 15 points per game and 6 assists per game. He soon became a superstar and led the Heat to an NBA championship in 2006. Wade was named the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the 2006 NBA Finals, in which the Heat beat the Dallas Mavericks.

References

Other websites 

Dwyanewade.com
NBA profile

1982 births
Living people
American basketball players
American Olympic gold medalists
Miami Heat players
Sportspeople from Chicago
Cecil Rhodes (5 July 1853 - 26 March 1902) was an English-born South African businessman and politician. He was the son of an Anglican vicar. He graduated from an English grammar school and at the age of 16 was sent to the British colony of Natal in South Africa due to poor health. There he became involved in diamond mining and founded the world-renowned De Beers diamond company. He later returned to England briefly to study at Oriel College, Oxford. He was the starter of Rhodesia. He founded the British South Africa Company, a corporation which he led to expand British territory to the north and form the colony of Rhodesia. He became Prime Minister of Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896. He was supported by the Afrikaner Bond in the Cape Colony until he betrayed them by supporting a rebellion against their relatives, the Boers of the South African Republic. He orchestrated the Jameson Raid, led  by his close friend Leander Starr Jameson in 1895, after which the Bond forced him to resign. He supported the Liberal Party and the Irish Parliamentary Party in domestic politics, in the UK. Rhodes, founded the Rhodes scholarships from his estate,  permitting citizens of British colonies, the United States and Germany to study at Oxford on a scholarship if they demonstrated certain academic and character qualities. He was a Freemason. It is believed from many scholars that he was a white supremacist. In his last years he was pursued by the Princess Catherine Radziwill, a Polish adventuress.

1853 births
1902 deaths
South African businesspeople
is the creator of many popular anime and manga series, most notably the Dragon Ball franchise. It has many media adaptions, and is now one of the most popular series of all time.

References 

Japanese manga artists
1955 births
Living people
People from Aichi Prefecture
Ieoh Ming Pei  (April 26, 1917 – May 16, 2019) was a Chinese American architect. Pei was an important name in his field, with his buildings built all over the world. When he was a child, he learned basic knowledge about architecture from his father.

Career
Pei made innovations in architecture, and won the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Medal for Architecture. He built the Allied Bank Tower in Dallas, Texas, as well as the Louvre Pyramid, which is the main entrance to the Louvre Museum in Paris. In 1983, Pei won the Pritzker Prize.

Death
Pei died in the New York City borough of Manhattan on May 16, 2019. He was 102 years old.

References

Sources
"I. M. Pei." Notable Asian Americans. Ed. Helen Zia and Susan B. Gall. Detroit: Gale, 1995. Biography in Context. Web. May 29, 2015.
"I. M. Pei." Newsmakers. Detroit: Gale, 1990. Biography in Context. Web. May 29, 2015.

1917 births
2019 deaths
American architects
American centenarians
Chinese people
Pritzker Prize winners
Guangzhou
Isaac Bashevis Singer (; November 11, 1903 – July 24, 1991) was a leading writer in Yiddish literature. He was a Jewish American who was born in Poland. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

References

1902 births
1991 deaths
American Nobel Prize winners
American novelists
American short story writers
Jewish American writers
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish Jews
Polish Nobel Prize winners
John von Neumann (December 28. 1903 – February 8. 1957) was a Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist.

He contributed to many fields, including:

Set theory
Functional analysis
Quantum mechanics
Ergodic theory
Continuous geometry
Economics
Game theory
Computer science
Numerical analysis
Systems theory
Atatistics

He is generally regarded as a prodigy, polymath and one of the most important mathematicians of the 20th century.

He was a member of a group called the 'Martians'. They were Hungarian immigrants to the US of extraordinary intellect. Others people in this group were Edward Teller, Paul Erdős, Leó Szilárd and Eugene Wigner.

Noteworthy work 
His textbook on quantum mechanics is one of the first on this topic.
His game theory is considered one of the most important tools in competitive strategic management and is also of high importance in biosciences.
He is the designer of the Von-Neumann architecture, which is basic to nearly all computers today.
He was one of the first proponents of artificial intelligence. He proposed the idea of self replicating machines.  This is why a machine that can replicate itself is now commonly referred to as a 'Von Neumann machine'.
With Stanislav Ulam, he did some of the most important calculations in the Manhattan project.
He worked at the Institute of Advanced Studies the same time as Albert Einstein, Kurt Gödel and Robert Oppenheimer
Well known by computer scientists
Principles are included in every modern computer, tablet or phone.

References 

1903 births
1957 deaths
American mathematicians
American physicists
Cancer deaths in the United States
Disease-related deaths in Washington, D.C.
Hungarian mathematicians
People from Budapest
Systems scientists
Hungarian physicists
A ballpoint pen or biro is pronounced "BY-roe" in British English after its inventor László Bíró. It is a modern kind of pen for writing. It uses oil-based ink of high viscosity. The ink is inside a long, thin tube inside the pen. When a person writes with it, the ink comes onto the small, ball-shaped tip of the unit. The ink dries almost as soon as it is on the paper. 

Ballpoint pens may be cheap or expensive:
 Disposable pens (ones that can be thrown away) are extremely cheap. They are made almost entirely of plastic. They can be thrown away once the ink is used up.
Refillable pens are often of better quality and cost more. The thin tube which has the ink and ball-shaped tip is called a "refill" and can be replaced more cheaply than the pen.

Before the ballpoint pen was invented people usually wrote with pens which were dipped into ink, or fountain pens which were filled with ink. When the ballpoint pen was invented, many people thought they were inferior to use because the user's handwriting was not as good. Children in school continued to use the old dip pens. However, ballpoint pens are cheaper and simpler to use than pens that need to be dipped in ink.

The ink in a ballpoint is different from the ink used in a dip or fountain pen. It is a paste. It has 25 to 40 per cent dye suspended in an oil-based solvent. The most common oils are benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, which mix with the dyes to create a smooth paste that dries quickly. Common dyes in blue (and black) ink are Prussian blue, Victoria blue, methyl violet, crystal violet and phthalocyanine blue. The dye eosin is commonly used for red ink. 

Biros have the advantage of being very cheap, and easily portable. As a gel or paste, the dye does not run and is stable. For the same reason, the dye needs harder pressure to write than a fountain pen does, sometimes very hard pressure. This is not true of rollerball pens, which are ballpoints that use water-based ink of low viscosity. And it is not true of pencils.

The inventor László Bíró registered his invention of the ballpoint pen in 1938.
Galileo was working on a draft for an invention similar to the ballpoint pen in the early 1600s.

References 

Writing tools
Bando kickboxing is the modern, sport form of lethwei, nicknamed in Europe "Burmese boxing of four arms". It has been born in North America in the beginning of the years 1960, this type of fencing with feet and with gloved fists in a ring has given life, in the USA of the years 1970, to several forms of full contact and of kickboxing.

There exist, in competition, two forms of fight: "controlled bando kickboxing" (light contact) where the blows only touch the opponent in order to not hurt him, and the "Bando kickboxing of full contact" where the blows with full power are acceptable, destined to the adults who are more expert. According to the age and to the technical level, the rules and the conditions of competition are variable: particularly, there change the authorized and forbidden techniques, the time of fight, the type of surface of fight (carpet or ring) and the wearing of certain protections (helmet, plastron (protector of chest and abdomen), protectors of shins, slippers, etc.).

References
Bando, philosophy, principles and practice, M.Gyi, IST edition, 2000 
Burmese bando boxing, M.Gyi, Ed. R.Maxwell, Baltimore, 1978
Comprehensive Asian Fighting arts, D.F.Draeger and R.W.Smith, E. Kodansha, Tokyo, 1969
Traditional Burmese boxing, Z.Rebac, Ed. Paladin Press, Boulder, 2003

Other websites
  Combat Bando
  Kung Fu Fitness
  Federation (French) of Bando Burmese Boxing
 Federation of the North America of Bando (USA)

Kickboxing

en:Bando kickboxing
The Spratly Islands  are 100 small uninhabited islands in the South China Sea.  A lot of fish are found around them so countries like Brunei Darussalam, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam are interested in them. These countries share control of the islands but each of them want to take control of all or most of the islands.

The islands are named after the British whaling captain Richard Spratly who saw Spratly Island in 1843.

The islands have less than 2 km2 (490 acres) of land area.

References

Islands  of Asia
Sumba is an island in Indonesia, and is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands. It has an area of 11,153 km², and the population was at about 611,422 people as of the year 2005. There is a dry season from May to November and a rainy season from December to April. Historically, this island exported sandalwood.

Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Gili Trawangan is the largest of Lombok's Gili Islands. It is the only one to rise notably above sea level. It is  long and  wide. The island has a population of about 1000 people. Of the Gilis, Trawangan has the most tourist facilities. The pub Tîr na Nôg says that Trawangan is the smallest island in the world with an Irish pub. The most crowded part of Trawangan is on the eastern side.

On Gili Trawangan (as well as the other two Gilis), there are no motorized vehicles. The main means of transportation are bicycles (rented by the people who live on the island to tourists) and cidomo (a small horse pulled carriage). For traveling to and from each of the Gilis, motorized boats and speedboats are used.

Some of the first people to live on Gili Trawangan were from Sulawesi. They were fishermen and farmers. Before they came to Gili Trawangan, the island was covered in forest and deer lived there.

The economy of Gili Trawangan centres on tourism. The island is too small to support large amounts of agriculture. It is also too far away from other places to be useful for either industry or commerce.

Related pages
 Gili Meno
 Gili Air

Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Lombok
Gili Meno is an island in Indonesia. It is the middle of Lombok's three Gilis. It has population of about 300, mainly concentrated  on the center of the island. The main income of the population comes from tourism, coconut plantation, and fishing. On the west side of the island there is a small shallow lake that produces salt in the dry season. Until a few years ago there was also a small production of seaweed on the reef at the north end of the island. It has swimming beaches all around the island, as well as an impressive bird sanctuary.

Related pages
 Gili Air
 Gili Trawangan

Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Lombok
Gili Air is the smallest of the Gilis and it is closest to the Lombok mainland, making it popular with honeymoon couples and travelers seeking a quiet retreat. It has population of about 1,000 and administratively lies in the West Nusa Tenggara province. The island offers excellent snorkeling and SCUBA diving off its east coast, and turtles can be seen along the coral reef.

Getting to Gili Air 
There is a quickest way to get to Gili Air. fast Boat from Bali to Gili Air are offering a daily departure from Padang(Northeast Bali and Sanur(Southeast Bali). to get the ticket you can book in some tourist information or go to some online portal that provide the fast boat ticket to Gili Air. Gilibestdeal offers cheap fast boat to Gili Air. The fast boat operator provides a free hotel pick up and drop off in Bali.

Related pages
 Gili Meno
 Gili Trawangan

Other websites 
 Map of Gili Air 

Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Lombok
The Gili Islands (Indonesian:Tiga Gili [Three Gilis], Kepulauan Gili [Gili Islands]) are a group of three small islands (or archipelago) – Gili Trawangan, Gili Meno and Gili Air — very close to the northwest coast of Lombok, Indonesia.

The islands are a popular destination for Western tourists.  Each island has several small resorts, usually consisting of a small collection of huts for tourists, and a restaurant.  Most local inhabitants live in the hilly interior of the islands.  Automobiles and motorized traffic are not allowed on the islands by local law. Bicycles or the horse-drawn carriages called a cidomo are common transportation on the islands. Scuba diving in and around the Gilis is also popular. The name Gili simply means "small island" in the local Sasak language.

Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Lombok
Grease is a 1971 musical by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey. It takes its name from the 1950s United States working-class culture known as the greasers. It is set in 1959 in a made-up school called Rydell High in Chicago and is about the romance between high schoolers Danny Zuko and Sandy Dumbrowski.

Premieres
Grease had its world premiere in Chicago in 1971. Its Broadway premiere occurred at the Broadhurst Theatre on 7 June 1972. It closed on 13 April 1980 after a run of 3,388 performances. It opened on the West End in 1973.

Broadway musicals
West End musicals
1970s musicals
Ryan Joseph Giggs (born 29 November 1973) is a Welsh former footballer and manager. 

Giggs was born in Canton, Cardiff, and grew up in Ely, Cardiff. He has Sierra Leonean and Dutch ancestry. 

As well as the Wales national team, he also played for the Great Britain squad at the 2012 Summer Olympics and Manchester United, where he has spent his whole career until now. His playing position was as a left winger. Giggs also loves rugby league and follows the Warrington Wolves and Melbourne Storm as his father Danny Wilson is a former rugby league player.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1990/91||rowspan="20"|Manchester United||rowspan="2"|First Division||2||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||2||1
|-
|1991/92||38||4||3||0||8||3||1||0||50||7
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="18"|Premier League||41||9||2||2||2||0||1||0||46||11
|-
|1993/94||38||13||7||1||8||3||4||0||57||17
|-
|1994/95||29||1||7||1||0||0||3||2||39||4
|-
|1995/96||33||11||7||1||2||0||2||0||44||12
|-
|1996/97||26||3||3||0||0||0||7||2||36||5
|-
|1997/98||29||8||2||0||0||0||5||1||36||9
|-
|1998/99||24||3||6||2||1||0||9||5||40||10
|-
|1999/00||30||6||colspan="2"|-||0||0||11||1||41||7
|-
|2000/01||31||5||2||0||0||0||11||2||44||7
|-
|2001/02||25||7||1||0||0||0||13||2||39||9
|-
|2002/03||36||8||3||2||5||0||15||4||59||14
|-
|2003/04||33||7||5||0||0||0||8||1||46||8
|-
|2004/05||32||5||4||0||1||1||6||2||43||8
|-
|2005/06||27||3||2||1||3||0||5||1||37||5
|-
|2006/07||30||4||6||0||0||0||8||2||44||6
|-
|2007/08||31||3||2||0||0||0||9||0||42||3
|-
|2008/09||28||2||2||0||4||1||11||1||45||4
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
563||103||64||10||34||8||129||26||790||147
563||103||64||10||34||8||129||26||790||147
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1991||2||0
|-
|1992||3||0
|-
|1993||6||2
|-
|1994||1||1
|-
|1995||3||0
|-
|1996||3||1
|-
|1997||3||1
|-
|1998||1||0
|-
|1999||3||1
|-
|2000||4||1
|-
|2001||4||0
|-
|2002||5||0
|-
|2003||7||1
|-
|2004||3||0
|-
|2005||6||3
|-
|2006||5||0
|-
|2007||4||1
|-
!Total||63||12
|}

References 

1973 births
Living people
2012 Summer Olympics
British Olympians
Manchester United F.C. players
Sportspeople from Cardiff
Welsh football managers
Welsh footballers