cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel is the twelfth album by American singer Mariah Carey. It was released on September 25, 2009.

Track listing

Sample credits
 Track four "Candy Bling", contains a sample of "Back in the Day", written by Ahmad Lewis|Stefan Gordy and John Klemmer.
 Track six vInseparable", interpolates “Time After Time", written by Robert Hyman and Cyndi Lauper.
 Track eight "It's a Wrap", recreates elements of "I Belong to You" by The Love Unlimited Orchestra, written by Barry White.
 Track eleven "More Than Just Friends", samples "One More Chance" / "Stay with Me (Remix)", written by Sean Combs, Chris Wallace, Rashad Smith, Mark DeBarge and Etterlene Jordan.
 Tracks twelve "The Impossible" and thirteen "The Impossible (The Reprise)", contain interpolations of "Forever My Lady" written by Albert Brown and Donald DeGrate.

Release history

References 

2009 albums
Mariah Carey albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Merry Christmas II You is the second holiday album by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey. The album was released on November 1, 2010.

Track listing

Release history

References

Mariah Carey albums
2010 albums
Christmas albums
Soul albums
R&B albums
{{Infobox Album | 
| name = Céline Dion chante Noël
| type = Studio album
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = 1981
| genre = Pop
| length = 29:12
| label = Super Étoiles
| producer = Eddy Marnay, Rudy
| prev_title = La voix du bon Dieu (1981)
éline Dion chante Noël (1981)
| next_title = Tellement j'ai d'amour... (1982)
}}Céline Dion chante Noël''' (English: Céline Dion Sings Christmas Songs'') is a holiday album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"Glory Alleluia" (A. DiFusco, André Pascal) – 3:38
"Le p'tit renne au nez rouge" (Johnny Marks) – 2:44
"Petit Papa Noël" (Raymond Vincy, Henri Martinet, John Boylan) – 3:46
"Sainte nuit" (A. Adams, J. Dwight, Josef Mohr) – 2:57
"Les enfants oubliés" (Louis Amade, Gilbert Bécaud) – 3:00
"Noël blanc" (Irving Berlin, Francis Blanche) – 2:49
"Père Noël arrive ce soir" (Haven Gillespie, Fred Coates) – 2:00
"J'ai vu maman embrasser le Père Noël" (C. Koger, L. Gasté, T. Connor) – 2:40
"Promenade en traîneau" (Leroy Anderson, Mitchell Parish) – 2:56
"Joyeux Noël" (Mel Tormé, Robert Wells) – 2:36

Release history

Celine Dion albums
1981 albums
Pop albums
{{Infobox Album | 
| name = Du soleil au cœur
| type = Compilation album
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = 1982-1983
| genre = Pop
| length = 56:55
| label = Pathé Marconi, Sony Music Media
| producer = Eddy Marnay, Rudy, René Angélil
| prev_title = Les chemins de ma maison  (1983)
œur (1983)
| next_title = Chants et contes de Noël (1983)
| misc = 
}}Du soleil au cœur'' (English: Sunshine in the Heart) is a greatest hits album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"D'amour ou d'amitié" (Eddy Marnay, Jean Pierre Lang, Roland Vincent) – 3:59
"La dodo la do" (Marnay, Christian Gaubert) – 3:02
"Mon ami m'a quittée" (Marnay, Christian Loigerot, Thierry Geoffroy) – 3:00
"Ne me plaignez pas" (Marnay, Steve Thompson) – 3:46
"Tellement j'ai d'amour pour toi" (Marnay, Hubert Giraud) – 3:00
"Du soleil au cœur" (André Popp, Jean Claude Massoulier) – 2:42
"À quatre pas d'ici" (Marnay, Andy Hill, Peter Sinfield) – 3:58
"Les chemins de ma maison" (Marnay, Patrick Lemaitre, Alain Bernard) – 4:20
"Hello mister Sam" (Marnay, Loigerot, Geoffroy) – 4:15
"Le vieux monsieur de la rue Royale" (Marnay, Alain Noreau) – 4:142002 CD bonus tracks'''
11. "Trois heures vingt" (Marnay, Patrick Lemaitre) – 3:38
12. "Benjamin" (Marnay, Pierre Papadiamandis) – 4:37
13. "La voix du bon Dieu" (Marnay, Suzanne-Mia Dumont) – 3:18
14. "Trop jeune à dix-sept ans" (Marnay, P. Greedus, B. Blue) – 4:53
15. "Paul et Virginie" (Marnay, Loigerot, Geoffroy) – 3:54

Release history

References

1983 albums
Celine Dion albums
Pop albums
{{Infobox album
| name = Mélanie
| type = Studio album
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = 1984
| genre = Pop
| length = 38:26
| label = TBS
| producer = Eddy Marnay, Rudy
| prev_title = Chants et contes de Noël (1983)
élanie (1984)
| next_title = Les plus grands succès de Céline Dion (1984)
| misc = 
}}Mélanie''''' is the seventh album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"Mélanie" (Eddy Marnay, Diane Juster) – 3:48
"Chante-moi" (Marnay, Alain Noreau) – 3:26
"Un amour pour moi" (Marnay, Christian Loigerot, Thierry Geoffroy) – 3:23
"Trop jeune à dix-sept ans" (Marnay, P. Greedus, B. Blue) – 4:54
"Mon rêve de toujours" (Marnay, Jean-Pierre Goussaud) – 4:23
"Va où s'en va l'amour" (Marnay, Noreau) – 3:22
"Comme on disait avant" (Marnay, Noreau) – 3:35
"Benjamin" (Marnay, Pierre Papadiamandis) – 4:38
"Trois heures vingt" (Marnay, Patrick Lemaitre) – 3:41
"Une colombe" (Paul Baillargeon, Marcel Lefebvre) – 3:13

Certifications

Awards

Release history

Celine Dion albums
1984 albums
Pop albums
{{Infobox album | 
| name = Les plus grands succès de Céline Dion
| type = Greatest Hits
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = 1981-1983
| genre = Pop
| length = 34:03
| label = TBS
| producer = Eddy Marnay, Rudy
| prev_title = Mélanie  (1984)
ès de Céline Dion (1984)
| next_title = Les oiseaux du bonheur (1984)
}}Les plus grands succès de Céline Dion''' (English: Céline Dion's Greatest Hits'') is a greatest hits album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"Ce n'était qu'un rêve" (Thérèse Dion, Céline Dion, Jacques Dion) – 3:52
"La voix du bon Dieu" (Eddy Marnay, Suzanne-Mia Dumont) – 3:22
"Tellement j'ai d'amour pour toi" (Marnay, Hubert Giraud) – 3:01
"D'amour ou d'amitié" (Eddy, Jean Pierre Lang, Roland Vincent) – 4:05
"Glory Alleluia" (André DiFusco, André Pascal) – 3:38
"Mon ami m'a quittée" (Marnay, Christian Loigerot, Thierry Geoffroy) – 3:05
"Ne me plaignez pas" (Marnay, Steve Thompson) – 3:05
"Un enfant" (Jacques Brel, Gérard Jouannest) – 3:01
"Vivre et donner" (Marnay, Ben Kaye, H. Stanley) – 2:34
"Les chemins de ma maison" (Marnay, Patrick Lemaitre, Alain Bernard) – 4:16

Release history

1984 albums
Celine Dion albums
Pop albums
{{Infobox Album | 
| name = Céline Dion en concert
| type = Live album
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = 1985
| genre = Pop
| length = 49:59
| label = TBS
| producer = Eddy Marnay, Rudy
| prev_title = C'est pour toi  (1985)
éline Dion en concert (1985)
| next_title = Les chansons en or (1986)
}}Céline Dion en concert''' (English: Céline Dion in Concert'') is a live album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"Ouverture (la première fois)" (Eddy Marnay, Paul Baillargeon) – 4:21
"Mon ami m'a quittée" (Marnay, Christian Loigerot, Thierry Geoffroy) – 3:12
Homage to Félix Leclerc: "Bozo/Le p'tit bonheur/Moi, mes souliers/Attends-moi "ti-gars"/Le train du nord" (Félix Leclerc) – 5:20
"Up Where We Belong" (with Paul Baillargeon) (Will Jennings, Jack Nitzsche, Buffy Sainte-Marie) – 3:00
"Tellement j'ai d'amour pour toi" (Marnay, Hubert Giraud) – 2:55
"D'amour ou d'amitié" (Marnay, Roland Vincent, Jean Pierre Lang) – 3:43
"Over the Rainbow" (Harold Arlen, Edgar Yipsel Harburg) – 3:27
Homage to Michel Legrand: "Quand on s'aime/Brûle pas tes doigts/La valse du lilas/Quand ça balance/Les moulins de mon cœur" (with Paul Baillargeon) (Marnay, Michel Legrand) – 6:12
"Carmen "L'amour est enfant de bohême"" (Georges Bizet) – 3:45
"What a Feeling" (Keith Forsey, Irene Cara, Giorgio Moroder) – 4:11
"Une colombe" (Baillargeon, Marcel Lefebvre) – 3:25
"Les chemins de ma maison" (Marnay, Patrick Lemaitre, Alain Bernard) – 4:04
"Finale (la première fois)" (Marnay, Baillargeon) – 2:16

Release history

1985 albums
Celine Dion albums
Pop albums
{{Infobox Album | 
  Name        = Les premières années | type = Compilation album | artist = Céline Dion | cover =  | released = December 6, 1993 (France) | recorded = 1982-1988 | genre = Pop | length = 64:50 | label = Versailles | producer =  Didier Barbelivien, A.P. Keller, Eddy Marnay, Romano Musumarra, Rudy, Atilla Şereftuğ |
Reviews     =  |
| prev_title = The Colour of My Love (1993)ères années (1993)| next_title = À l'Olympia (1994) | 
| misc = 
}}Les premières années (English: The Early Years'') is a greatest hits album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing

Chart performance

References
Céline Dion - official website

1993 albums
Celine Dion albums
Jacques Derrida (15 July 1930 - 9 October 2004) was a French philosopher. He was born in El Biar, French Algeria into a Sephardic Jewish family originally from Toledo, Spain. He developed a form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction. His work is called post-structualism and associated with postmodern philosophy. He died of pancreatic cancer in a Paris hospital.

References 

1930 births
2004 deaths
20th-century French philosophers
Cancer deaths in France
Continental philosophers
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
French socialists
Jewish French academics
Jewish French scientists
Semioticians
Social democrats
À l'Olympia (English: At the Olympia) is a live album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing
"Des mots qui sonnent" (Luc Plamondon, Aldo Nova, Marty Simon) – 4:15
"Where Does My Heart Beat Now" (Robert White Johnson, Taylor Rhodes) – 8:16
"L'amour existe encore" (Plamondon, Richard Cocciante) – 4:17
"Je danse dans ma tête" (Plamondon, Romano Musumarra) – 4:27
"Calling You" (Bob Telson) – 6:41
"Elle" (Eddy Marnay, Paul Baillargeon) – 3:12
Medley Starmania: "Quand on arrive en ville/Les uns contre les autres/Le monde est stone/Naziland, ce soir on danse" (Plamondon, Michel Berger) – 6:33
"Le blues du businessman" (Plamondon, Berger) – 7:04
"Le fils de Superman" (Plamondon, Germain Gauthier) – 4:27
"Love Can Move Mountains" (Diane Warren) – 5:25
"Un garçon pas comme les autres (Ziggy)" (Plamondon, Berger) – 3:19
"The Power of Love" (Candy DeRouge, Gunther Mende, Mary Susan Applegate, Jennifer Rush) – 6:08
"Quand on n'a que l'amour" (Jacques Brel) – 4:08

Charts and certifications

Charts

Certifications

Release history

References 

1994 albums
Celine Dion albums
D'eux (English: Of Them or About Them or From Them) is the 14th French album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Track listing 
All tracks written by Jean-Jacques Goldman except where noted.

Charts and certifications

Charts

Certifications

Credits 

 Beckie Bell – Choir, Chorus
 Eric Benzi – Arranger, Programming
 Sylvain Beuf – Saxophone
 Chistopher Deschamps – Drums
 Arnaud Dunoyer de Segonzac – Piano
 Celine Dion – Vocals
 Carole Fredericks – Choir, Chorus
 Claude Gassian – Photography
 Humberto Gatica – Mixing
 Jean-Jacques Goldman – Arranger
 Emmanuel Goulet – Assistant Engineer
 Yannick Hardouin – Bass
 Neil Jason – Bass
 Yvone Jones – Choir, Chorus
 Denis Leloup – Trombone
 Basil Leroux – Guitar
 Vito Luprano – Executive Producer
 Christian Martinez – Trumpet
 Christophe Negre – Saxophone
 Frédéric Perrinet – Assistant Engineer
 Roland Romanelli – Piano
 Antoine Russo – Trumpet
 Patrice Tison – Guitar
 Brian Vibberts – Assistant Engineer

Awards

Release history

References 

Celine Dion albums
1995 albums
Falling into You is the fourth English album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.

Awards

Track listing

Charts and certifications

Charts

End of decade charts

Release history

References 

Celine Dion albums
1996 albums
{{Infobox Album | 
| name = Live à Paris
| type = Live album
| artist = Céline Dion
| cover = 
| released = (see release history)
| recorded = October 1995 at Le Zénith in Paris, France
| genre = Pop
| length = 73:15
| label = Sony Music, Columbia
| producer = David Foster, Claude Lemay
| prev_title = Falling into You  (1996)
à Paris  (1996)
| next_title = C'est pour vivre  (1997)
| misc = 
}}Live à Paris''' (English: Live in Paris'') is a live album by Canadian singer Céline Dion.

Track listing
"J'attendais" (Jean-Jacques Goldman) – 4:58
"Destin" (Goldman) – 4:11
"The Power of Love" (Candy DeRouge, Gunther Mende, Mary Susan Applegate, Jennifer Rush) – 4:45
"Regarde-moi" (Goldman) – 3:49
"River Deep, Mountain High" (Phil Spector, Jeff Barry, Ellie Greenwich) – 3:29
"Un garçon pas comme les autres (Ziggy)" (Luc Plamondon, Michel Berger) – 5:03
"Les derniers seront les premiers" (with Jean-Jacques Goldman) (Goldman) – 3:52
"J'irai où tu iras" (with Jean-Jacques Goldman) (Goldman) – 3:46
"Je sais pas" (Goldman, J. Kapler) – 4:25
"Le ballet" (Goldman) – 10:33
"Prière païenne" (Goldman) – 4:55
"Pour que tu m'aimes encore" (Goldman) – 5:10
"Quand on n'a que l'amour" (Jacques Brel) – 4:41
"Vole" (Goldman) – 4:03
"To Love You More" (studio recording) (David Foster, Junior Miles) – 5:28

Charts and certifications

Charts

Awards

Release history

References

1996 albums
Celine Dion albums
{{Infobox Album 
 | 
 | name = Au cœur du stade
 | type = Live album
 | artist = Céline Dion
 | cover = 
 | released = (see release history)
 | recorded = June 19-20, 1999 at the Stade de France, Saint-Denis
 | genre = Pop
 | length = 64:34
 | label = Sony Music, Columbia
 | producer = Claude Lemay
 | prev_title = The Early Singles  (1999)
 œur du stade  (1999)
 | next_title = All the Way... A Decade of Song  (1999)
 | misc = 
}}Au cœur du stade''' (English: At the Heart of the Stadium'') is a live album by Canadian singer Céline Dion.  It was released on August 27, 1999.

Track listing 
1. "Let's Talk About Love" (Bryan Adams, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Elliott Kennedy) – 7:39
2. "Dans un autre monde" (Goldman) – 4:26
3. "Je sais pas" (Goldman, J. Kapler) – 5:47
4. "Je crois toi" (Goldman) – 4:36
5. "Terre" (Erick Benzi) – 4:26
6. "J'irai où tu iras" (with Jean-Jacques Goldman) (Goldman) – 4:06
7. "S'il suffisait d'aimer" (Goldman) – 5:10
8. "On ne change pas" (Goldman) – 6:03
9. Medley acoustique:
"Ce n'était qu'un rêve" (Thérèse Dion, Céline Dion, Jacques Dion) – 1:18
"D'amour ou d'amitié" (Eddy Marnay, Jean Pierre Lang, Roland Vincent) – 2:01
"Mon ami m'a quittée" (Marnay, Christian Loigerot, Thierry Geoffroy) – 1:58
"L'amour existe encore" (Luc Plamondon, Richard Cocciante) – 2:05
"Un garçon pas comme les autres (Ziggy)" (Plamondon, Michel Berger) – 3:21
10."Pour que tu m'aimes encore" (Goldman) – 5:20
11."My Heart Will Go On" (James Horner, Will Jennings) – 5:23

Release history 

1999 albums
Celine Dion albums
Shirley Booth (August 30, 1898 – October 16, 1992) was an American actress.  She was born Marjory Ford in Brooklyn, New York. Her long career on Broadway started in 1925. She won three Tony Awards. She starred in both the stage and movie versions of Come Back, Little Sheba and won a Tony Award, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. She played live-in maid Hazel in the 1960s sitcom television series Hazel. She won two Emmy Awards for her performance as Hazel and was nominated for a third.

Booth was twice married (Ed Gardner, William H. Baker) and had no children.  She died at North Chatham, Massachusetts, and is buried in Mount Hebron Cemetery in Montclair, New Jersey.

Other websites

American stage actors
1898 births
1992 deaths
Actors from New York City
American television actors
American movie actors
Tony Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Academy Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Ted Key (born Theodore Keyser, August 25, 1912 – May 3, 2008) was an American cartoonist and writer. He is best known for the single-panel comic strip Hazel. This comic strip was about a bossy live-in maid. It ran in The Saturday Evening Post from 1943 until 1969 when the Post went out of business. It was then picked up by other publications. Key adapted the strip to the sitcom television series Hazel. Shirley Booth starred as Hazel. Key also drew Diz and Liz, a two-page feature that ran in the Jack and Jill children's magazine from 1961 to 1972. He also created "Peabody's Improbable History" for the animated television series The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. In 1977, Key received the National Cartoonists Society Newspaper Panel Award for his work on Hazel.

American cartoonists
1912 births
2008 deaths
Writers from California
People from Fresno, California
The Saturday Evening Post is an American magazine. It started publication in 1897. Its origins are traced to Benjamin Franklin's colonial newspaper The Pennsylvania Gazette. The Post was famous for its covers by Norman Rockwell and the single-panel comic strip Hazel by Ted Key. Contents included short fiction, poetry, and humor. Jack London's novel The Call of the Wild was first published in the Post in 1903.

Other websites

American magazines
1897 establishments in the United States
An arranged marriage is when a couple are decided to wed by people other than themselves. In most cases, this is decided by their parents or other elders in their families, but can also be decided by religious figures, teachers, close friends of the family or others. It is mostly practised in Southern Asian, African, East, and Middle Eastern cultures today, and in East and Southeast Asian cultures to some extent. Arranged marriages are not just an alliance between two individuals, it is an alliance between families. Unlike forced marriages, partners are usually only suggested to the single person in question. They can accept or refuse.

Many people in Western cultures disagree with arranged marriages. It is the social norm in the west to form a deep, emotional bond with someone before marriage is even considered. However, recent studies have shown that although arranged marriages start with a low level of love (using the American Rubin Love Scale), they usually have twice the amount of love as non-arranged marriages within 10 years. Whereas in non-arranged marriages the level of love seems to become less as time goes on.

References 

Marriage
Types of marriage
The List of Leeds United A.F.C. players is evolving.  The history of the team is created by its players.

Leeds United A.F.C. is an English football club in Leeds, West Yorkshire.

List

This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.

2011 team
There were 30+ men on the 2010-2011 team, including
Adam Clayton
 Kasper Schmeichel

2012 team
There were 30+ men on the 2011-2012 team.  Only some of the names were the same as the 2011 season.

†

†

†

†

†

(Note) † Symbol - Indicates the player is currently 'Transfer Listed' by the club.

Related pages 
 Football League Championship

References

Other websites

  Leeds United website 

Lists of footballers
football
Participant observation is a way of getting information about a group of people. A person doing participant observation will live with a group of people in their normal environment. They do this so they can learn about that groups way of life. One of the uses of participant observation is to understand the world from the point of view of a person from that group. This is done by watching the things they do every day. The product of participant observation is normally a piece of writing about what the researcher has seen. It is called ethnography.  Participant observers can live with the group for months or many years. The longer the researcher is with the group, the better the information they learn will be.

In the first half of the 20th century, anthropologists Bronislaw Malinowski, Margaret Mead and Edward Evans-Prichard started using participant observation. It is now the main way research is  done by cultural anthropologists.

Covert participation observation 
In Covert participation observation, the researcher lives with a group but does not tell the group that they are studying them. The research is done in secret. This method is good because the people will not act differently than they normally do if they do not known they are being studied. One problem with covert participation observation is that it can be unethical. The subject cannot give the researcher their consent because they do not know they are being studied.

Overt participation observation 
In overt participation observation, the researcher tells the group of people that they are being studied. A problem with this method is that people may change the way they act if they know they are being studied.  Overt Participation Observation does not have the ethical problems of covert observation and lets the researcher watch the people lying about what they are doing.

References 
Evans-Pritchard, Edward (1940) The Nuer: a Description of the Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic people.
Malinowski, Bronisław (1929) The Sexual life of Savages in North-Western Melanesia: an ethnographic account of Courtship, Marriage and Family life among the natives of the Trobriand Islands, British New Guinea.
Mead, Margaret (1928) Coming of age in Samoa: a Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilisation.
http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_plummer_sociology_3/40/10342/2647687.cw/content/index.html 

Sociology
Research methods
Anthropology
Ethnography

pl:Obserwacja (metoda badawcza)#Obserwacja uczestnicząca i nieuczestnicząca
Ethnocentrism is when a person tries to judge the culture of other people from the point of view of their own culture.  Ethnocentrism can look at things like language, custom, religion and behavior.

An ethnocentric person will use their own culture as the basis for judging other cultures. They see their own culture as the best and believe other cultures should change to be more like theirs.

The term was first used by sociologist William G Sumner. He defined it as “the technical name for the view of things in which one's own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it”. (PS this is more exclusive word for "racist")

Ethnocentrism and anthropology 
All people tend to use the values of the culture we were born in. One of the main goals of anthropology is to not use ethnocentric ideas. Anthropologists try to see other cultures from the point of view of a person from that culture . This is also known as cultural relativism. It is the idea that goes against the idea that some things are always the same in every human culture (human universals). Cultural relativism says that all human action is relative to the culture where the action happens. Anthropologists know that they have to not use the standards of their own culture if they want to understand another society correctly.

References 
Sumner, W.G. Folkways: a study of the sociological importance of usages,manners, customs, mores, and morals (Boston: Ginn and Co., 1906)

Cultural geography
Sociology
Matrilineality is a way of identifying kinship ancestry through the mother or female line. A matriline is essentially a mother's line, which traces the descent from a female ancestor to an individual.  Patrilineality is a way identifying ancestry through the father or male line.  A patriline is essentially a father's line, which traces the descent from a male ancestor to an individual. 

The use of these systems often involves inheritance of names and of possessions and a way of identifying kin. The system of patrilineal descent is usually more common than matrilineal descent.

Genealogy
Cultural anthropology
Podarcis muralis  (also known as the common wall lizard, the European wall lizard, and the wall lizard) is a fairly common species of lizard, living in Europe, on rocks or wall cracks.

Its small scales have very differenct colours and patterns. Its coloration is generally brownish or greyish.  Sometimes it has a little bit of green.  The tail is brown, grey or rust in colour. The belly has 6 rows of larger rectangular scales that are generally reddish, pink, or orangish. Common wall lizards may also have dark markings on the throat.

Lizards
Neurosis is a class of mental disorders involving distress but not delusions or hallucinations. The person's behavior is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder, and those suffering from it are said to be neurotic. The term neurosis was coined by Scottish doctor William Cullen in 1769. 

The American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has eliminated the category of "neurosis". The editors decided to provide descriptions of behavior instead. According to The American Heritage Medical Dictionary, it is "no longer used in psychiatric diagnosis". Instead, the disorders once classified as neuroses are now considered anxiety disorders. These changes are controversial.

Neurosis may involve:

"...anxiety, sadness or depression, anger, irritability, mental confusion, low sense of self-worth, etc., behavioral symptoms such as phobic avoidance, vigilance, impulsive and compulsive acts, lethargy, etc., cognitive problems such as unpleasant or disturbing thoughts, repetition of thoughts and obsession, habitual fantasizing, negativity and cynicism, etc. Interpersonally, neurosis involves dependency, aggressiveness, perfectionism, schizoid isolation, socio-culturally inappropriate behaviors, etc".

References 

Mental illnesses
Adam Stephen Clayton (born 14 January 1989)  is an English professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.  He played for the English National Team.

Career statistics

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References

Other websites
  Adam Clayton at Soccerbase

1989 births
Living people
English footballers
People from Manchester
Premier League players
In medicine, distress is a situation when a person is unable to completely adapt to stress. As a result, the person shows a set of behaviours which are not adapted to the situation. Very often, the person is aware of the situation, and feels bad about not being able to fully adapt. 

People often find ways of dealing with distress, in both negative and positive ways. Examples of positive ways are listening to music, calming exercises, sports and similar healthy distractions. Negative ways can include but are not limited to use of drugs including alcohol, and expression of anger, which are likely to lead to complicated social interactions, thus causing increased distress.

Health
Rupert Keith Murdoch (born March 11, 1931) is an Australian-American media mogul. He became managing director for Australia-based network News Limited after his father Keith died. He is founder, Chairman and chief executive officer of global media network News Corporation (the world's second largest media group). His mother Elisabeth Murdoch died on December 5, 2012.

References

Other websites

1931 births
Living people
American billionaires
Businesspeople from New York City
Australian businesspeople
Chief executives
Fox Broadcasting Company
News Corporation
Order of Australia
People from Adelaide
People from Melbourne
Publishers
The Académie internationale Mohammed VI de l'aviation civile (AIMAC, in English International Academy Mohammed VI of Civil Aviation) is a public aviation university created in 2000 by the King Mohammed VI of Morocco for aerospace education in this country, like Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel training.

International partners 

The French Civil Aviation University (ENAC) of Toulouse is close to the university by a partnership agreement, in particularly for air navigation courses. In December 2011, the academy has launched with this grande école and the École des Ponts ParisTech an aviation MBA at Casablanca. The Federal Aviation Administration is also a partner of AIMAC, in particular for the launch of common e-learning courses.

References

Further reading 
 Official website

Aerospace engineering
Aviation
2000 establishments in Africa
Technical colleges and universities
Casablanca
2000s establishments in France
20th-century establishments in Morocco
The Call of the Wild is a story about a dog. The book was written by Jack London. It was first published in 1903 as a serial in The Saturday Evening Post. It was published in book form by Macmillan the same year. The story is London's most popular work and is considered one of his greatest works. 

The story is about a pet dog named Buck. The dog is stolen from his California home. He is sold as a sled dog during the Klondike Gold Rush. Men, other animals, and nature itself treats Buck with cruelty. He survives by adapting to the ways of his wolf ancestors. At the end of the book, he breaks from all human contact and returns to the wild. 

Today, the book is often viewed as a children's story because it is about a dog. However, the book's themes of survival of the fittest, fate versus free will, and civilization versus nature have interest for all ages.  The story has been made into movies and television shows. Most have failed to focus on Buck's story. Instead, the focus is on the human characters.

Notes

References   
 
 

Books about dogs
1900s books
20th-century American novels
English-language novels
1903
Gold rushes
Beautiful Joe is a story about a mongrel dog named Joe. It was written by Margaret Marshall Saunders under the name Marshall Saunders, and published in 1893. It won a Humane Society competition. The book was a bestseller and directed public interest to animal cruelty. Joe was a real dog, brutally abused by his owner. He was rescued and his story told as an autobiography. Saunders wrote a sequel called Beautiful Joe's Paradise.

In 1934, Saunders was given Canada's highest civilian award at the time, Commander of the British Empire or C.B.E. In 1963, the official Beautiful Joe Park was named in Meaford, Ontario, next to the house where Beautiful Joe was rehabilitated. A Beautiful Joe Heritage Society was formed in 1994 to preserve Joe's legacy and establish a museum.

References

Other websites 
Beautiful Joe Heritage Society
Beautiful Joe Park, Meaford 
Ontario historical plaque - Beautiful Joe 
Beautiful Joe: An Autobiography Philadelphia: The Griffith and Rowland Press, 1893, at A Celebration of Women Writers

Beautiful Joe (1893), with an introduction by Hezekiah Butterworth. Illustrated. From Internet Archive, a scanned book.
 

Fiction books
Books about dogs
1893 books
Lassie Come-Home is a story about a dog and a boy. It was written by Eric Knight. It was first published as a short story in The Saturday Evening Post on December 17, 1938. The story was well liked. It was made into a book. The book was published by The John C. Winston Company in 1940. The story is about a collie named Lassie who travels hundreds of miles to get to the boy she loves. 

In 1943, MGM made the story into a movie called Lassie Come Home. It starred Roddy McDowall and the dog actor Pal. The Lassie character became very famous. She was the main character in other movies during the 1940s. In the middle 1950s, she became the main character in the television series Lassie. 

Fiction books
Books about dogs
1940 books
Uncle Tupelo was an alternative country music group from Belleville, Illinois. The group was active between 1987 and 1994. Jay Farrar, Jeff Tweedy, and Mike Heidorn formed the band. Uncle Tupelo split on May 1, 1994. Farrar then formed Son Volt with Heidorn.  The remaining members became Wilco.

Albums 
 No Depression (June 21, 1990)
 Still Feel Gone (September 17, 1991)
 March 16–20, 1992 (August 3, 1992)
 Anodyne (October 5, 1993)

1987 establishments in Illinois
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
1994 disestablishments in the United States
American rock bands
Country bands
Musical groups disestablished in 1994
Musical groups established in 1987
Musical groups from Illinois
1990s disestablishments in Illinois
Lassie is a dramatic children's television series. It was televised on CBS from September 12, 1954 to March 24, 1973. The series is about the adventures of a collie and her human and animal friends.

The show was the brainchild of television producer Robert Maxwell and animal trainer Rudd Weatherwax. They created a story about a struggling midwestern farm family and its dog. Weatherwax's dog actor Pal was chosen to play the title character. Pal had played Lassie in the seven MGM movies about the dog character. Pal made the two pilots for the television series, and then retired. The television Lassies that followed were all descendants of Pal, all were male, and all were trained by Weatherwax.

In 1957, oil millionaire Jack Wrather took over the show as producer. He guided it through its greatest years with his wife Bonita Granville Wrather. The first ten years of the series are set on a farm in the American midwest. These years focus on the relationship between Lassie and a young farm boy. The next seven years are about the dog and her Forest Ranger friends. In the last two years, Lassie lives at a home for troubled children. The show was famous for its "Whistle Theme" by Muzzy Marcellino. The Campbell's Soup Company sponsored the show's entire 19-year run. Spin-off merchandise was produced for children such as comic books, play sets, and clothing. The show won two Emmy Awards in its early years.

The show had a large cast over the years. Tommy Rettig played the farm boy for the first three years. Jon Provost became the farm boy in 1957 when Rettig left the show.  Jan Clayton played Rettig's mother and June Lockhart played Provost's. Hugh Reilly played Provost's father. Both actresses were nominated for Emmys. The show had its best ratings during the Provost years of the early 1960s. Some episodes from these years were put together to make a color adventure movie for theatres.

Provost left the show in 1964. A new story was developed that took Lassie off the farm. She became the friend of three Forest Rangers. They all had adventures in America's most beautiful natural areas such as Monument Valley and Alaska. In the early 1970s, new rulings about prime time were handed down by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). These rulings meant that Lassie would be moved to the 8 pm time slot. Lassie had been shown for nineteen years in the 7 pm time slot. Producers felt that this move would not work for the show's child audience. The show was cancelled. Since the cancellation, Lassie has played in reruns and has never been off the air.

1954 television series debuts
1973 television series endings
1950s American television series
1960s American television series
1970s American television series
American children's television series
American drama television series
Black and white television series
CBS network shows
Emmy Award winning programs
English-language television programs
Ann Curry (born November 19, 1956 ) is an American television journalist and personality. She co-hosted the Today Show on NBC from 1997 until 2012. She also anchored at Dateline NBC from 2005 to 2011. 

Curry was born on the island of Guam.  Her father is American and her mother is Japanese. They met while her father was serving in the United States Navy during the US occupation of Japan after World War II.

References

Other websites

American journalists
American television personalities
People from Guam
1956 births
Living people
Meredith Louise Vieira (born December 30, 1953 in East Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America) is an American journalist, television personality and a game show host. She was the host of the syndicated version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. She was a co-host on the ABC talk show The View.

References

Other websites

People from Providence, Rhode Island
American journalists
American game show hosts
American television personalities
1953 births
Living people
Television talk show hosts
The Querètaro Dusky Rattlesnake (Crotalus Aquilus) also known as the "Vibora de cascabel", is a species of venomous Pit viper found usually on highlands of central Mexico. The scientific name "Aquilus" is a Latin word meaning "eagle", referring to the highlands on which it lives on. They are not a very well known species of rattlesnake, but the people in Mexico know much about them.

Description
Adult Querètaro Dusky Rattlesnakes are around 50 centimeters (20 in) in length, but some can be as long as 67.8 centimeters (26.7 in). They are usually green, yellow, dark gray, or dark brown in color, with dark brown or black blotches on them.

Where they live
They live mainly on highlands of central Mexico, but they also live in pine-oak forests, grasslands and grassy hills and mountains. The states of Mexico of which they live in are Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Michoacán and San Luis Potosí.

Feeding
The Querètaro Dusky Rattlesnake eats mainly lizards, but they also eat frogs and many different types of rodents. Young ones also eat insects.

Venom
This rattlesnake is a type of venomous Pit viper, and one bite of it can harm a human. The poison of the Querètaro Dusky Rattlesnake is hemotoxic, meaning the poison effects the blood of a humans body. However the Querètaro Dusky Rattlesnake does not bite many people because it likes to be left alone; it will only bite a person if the person attacks it or annoys it.

References

Vipers
The  or  is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) in Japan.  There are six teams in the league.

History
In 1949, The league was founded as the Taiheiyo Baseball Union.  There were seven teams.

In 1980, the name was changed to Pacific League.

After the 2004 season, the Orix BlueWave and the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes merged to form the Orix Buffaloes.  At the same time, the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles were added to the league.

Current teams

Championships

League champion
The team which wins the most games in each year is the league champion or "pennant winner".

Since 2004, there has been a three-team playoff system called the "climax series". The teams with the 2nd- and 3rd-best records play in the 3-game first stage.  The winner plays in a 5-game final series against the top-ranked team.

Japan Series
Each year, the winner of the league championship competes against the Central League champion in the  or .

Related pages
 Sports in Japan

References

Other websites 

  Pacific League website 

Baseball in Japan
Organisations based in Japan
1949 establishments in Asia
1940s establishments in Japan
Thomas William "Tom" Hiddleston (born 9 February 1981) is an English actor. His most famous roles include 'Thor: Ragnarok' (2017), Jonathan Pine in 'The Night Manager' (2016), Loki in 'Thor' (2011),  Scott Fitzgerald, Midnight in Paris (2011), 'The Avengers(2012), and 'Thor: The Dark World' (2013). He also stars in 'Kong: Skull Island' (2017) as Captain James Conrad.

Early life 
Thomas William Hiddleston was born in Westminster, London, to English-born Diana Patricia and Scottish-born James Norman Hiddleston. His mother is a former stage manager, and his father, a scientist, was the managing director of a pharmaceutical company. He started off at the preparatory school, The Dragon School in Oxford, and by the time he was 13, he boarded at Eton College, at the same time that his parents were going through a divorce. He continued on to the University of Cambridge, where he earned a double first in Classics. He continued to study acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, from which he graduated in 2005.

Career 
Whilst at University of Cambridge, he was seen by the agency 'Hamilton Hodell' in the play "A Streetcar Named Desire" and was signed. Following this, he was cast in his first television role in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (2001). Hiddleston won his first film role as Oakley in Joanna Hogg's award-winning first feature, Unrelated (2007). His breakthrough role came when he portrayed the nemesis Loki in the Marvel Cinematic Universe feature film Thor (2011). He reprised the character in The Avengers (2012), Thor: The Dark World (2013), Thor: Ragnarok (2017) and Avengers: Infinity War (2018).

He has also appeared in Steven Spielberg's War Horse (2011), The Deep Blue Sea (2011), Woody Allen's romantic comedy Midnight in Paris (2011), and the romantic vampire film Only Lovers Left Alive (2013). On television, he appeared on the BBC series The Hollow Crown (2012), in the adaptations of Shakespeare's "Henry IV" and "Henry V". In theatre, he has been in the productions of "Cymbeline" (2007) and "Ivanov" (2008). In December 2013, he starred as the title character in the Donmar Warehouse production of "Coriolanus" which played until February 2014. He won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Newcomer in a Play for his role in "Cymbeline" while also being nominated for the same award the same year for his role as Cassio in "Othello".

On 8 November 2018, it was announced that Hiddleston would be reprising his role as Loki in a new Marvel limited series centered on the character which will air on Disney's streaming service, Disney+. Loki is Hiddleston's seventh time taking on the role, following three Avengers movies and all three Thor films.

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites

 

1981 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
People educated at Eton College
People from Westminster
Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch CBE (born 19 July 1976) is an English actor. His most famous roles include Sherlock Holmes in Sherlock (2010), Peter Guillam in the spy thriller Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011), Stephen Hawking in Hawking (2004), William Pitt in Amazing Grace (2006), and his Academy Award-nominated role as Alan Turing in The Imitation Game. He was nominated for another Academy Award for his role as Phil Burbank in The Power of the Dog in 2022.

He also played Stephen Ezard in The Last Enemy (2008), Paul Marshall in Atonement (2007), Bernard in Small Island (2009), as Khan in Star Trek Into Darkness, 

He voiced the character Smaug, and the Necromancer in The Hobbit (2012). Cumberbatch played Julian Assange in the 2013 movie The Fifth Estate. He ranked #1 in Empire Magazine's "100 Sexiest Movie Stars" in 2013. He was named one of the most influential people in the world by TIME magazine in 2014.

Career
In 2000 Cumberbatch acted on TV for the first time in an episode of Heartbeat, and was on the show again in 2004. He began acting in theatre in 2001. He played Ford in 12 Years a Slave. In 2013 Cumberbatch was nominated for Best Performance by an Actor in a Mini-Series or a Motion Picture Made for Television at the Golden Globes.

Personal life
Benedict Cumberbatch was born to a family that was already wealthy. His parents were both actors, and his ancestor Abraham Cumberbatch started a sugar plantation in the British colony of Barbados which was worked by slaves. As an adult, he dated actress Olivia Poulet. On 5 November 2014, Cumberbatch announced his engagement to Sophie Hunter. On 14 February 2015, Cumberbatch married Hunter. They have three sons, Christopher Carlton (born 1 June 2015), Hal Auden (born 3 March 2017) and Finn (born 11 January 2019).

References

1976 births
Living people
Actors from London
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
, also known as Wang Chenchih (), is a Japanese-Taiwanese professional athlete. He is best known as a baseball player and manager.

Early life
Oh was born in Tokyo. He is the son of a Chinese father and a Japanese mother. Although Oh has always lived in Japan, he has never allowed a loss of his Chinese citizenship.

Career
Oh played for the Yomiuri Giants. In 1977, he set the world record for home runs.

Oh retired from playing in 1980.

From 1984 to 1988, he was the Giants' manager.

He managed the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks from 1995 to 2008.

In 2006, he was the manager of the Japanese national team in the World Baseball Classic.

References

1940 births
Living people
Japanese baseball players
Sportspeople from Tokyo
Stanley "Tookie" Williams III (December 29, 1953 – December 13, 2005) was an American murderer and co-founder of a street gang, the Crips. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1959, he moved to Los Angeles, California, where in 1970 he stole a car, for which he was convicted and sent to juvenile hall. He and Raymond Washington (1953–1979) founded street gang the Crips in 1971 in Los Angeles. Williams shot four people dead in Los Angeles in 1979 during robberies he committed. The events were caught on film by surveillance cameras. Later that year he was convicted of four counts of first degree murder and two counts of robbery. He was sentenced to death and was executed by lethal injection at San Quentin State Prison, California.

References 

1953 births
2005 deaths
African-American people
American murderers
American robbers
American thieves
Executed American people
People executed by lethal injection
People from Los Angeles
People from New Orleans, Louisiana
A common name of a taxon or organism is a name that is generally given by people. A common name is not the organism's scientific name. Common names are used by people to describe something. Some common names are not always used by some people. A common name are also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, trivial name, trivial epithet, country name, popular name, or farmer's name.

Sometimes common names are created by authorities. They do this so the general public would not have to remember or pronounce the Latin name of an animal.

Books
Stearn, William T. 1959. "The Background of Linnaeus's Contributions to the Nomenclature and Methods of Systematic Biology". Systematic Zoology 8: 4–22.

Other websites
Plant names 
Multilingual, Multiscript Plant Name Database
The use of common names 
Chemical Names of Common Substances
 Plantas medicinales / Medicinal plants (database) 

Taxonomy
Names
Mark Catesby (24 March 1682/83 - 23 December 1749) was an English naturalist. Between 1729 and 1747 Catesby published his book Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands. The book was the first publication to describe flora and fauna of North America. The book described 220 birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, mammals and plants.

Catesby studied natural history in London. Catesby collected seeds in Virginia from 1714 to 1719.

Gallery of Catesby's images

Books

Jackson, Christine E., (1985) Bird Etchings: the illustrators and their books, 1655-1855. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 
Walters, Michael (2003) A Concise History of Ornithology. London: Christopher Helm 
Wiatt, Alex L. (1992) The Descendants of Stephen Field of King and Queen County, Virginia, 1721, Fredericksburg VA: BookCrafters
Myers, Amy R. W. & Pritchard, M. B. (1998) "Empire's nature. Mark Catesby's New World vision," Chapel Hill & London: University of North Carolina Press

Other websites
Catesby Commemoration Trust

Works
Mark Catesby (1731). The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and (v1). Online scanned edition from Rare Book Room.
Mark Catesby (1743). The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and (v2). Online scanned edition from Rare Book Room.
Mark Catesby, The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahamas Electronic edition: high quality images and user-friendly text from the American Studies Programs at the University of Virginia
 View works by Mark Catesby online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library.

1683 births
1749 deaths
English botanists
Fellows of the Royal Society
English naturalists
An outbreak is an event that sometimes cannot be controlled for several months or years. The word "outbreak" is a term used in epidemiology. It describes what happens when a disease becomes widespread that first thought. An outbreak can affect a small group or affect thousands of people across the world. An outbreak can be epidemic.

Types 
Common source - all victims got the disease from the same source (such as water pollution)
Continuous source - when the disease continues to spread for a longer time.
Point source - when the disease continues to spread for a short time.
Propagated - disease is spread from person to person.
Behavioral risk related - disease is spread by a person's behavior such as sexually transmitted diseases and malnutrition.
Zoonotic - disease is spread from animal to animal.
Patterns of an outbreak
Endemic - a common disease such as influenza, measles, mumps, pneumonia, colds and smallpox. This is characterized by a place, group or activity. 
Epidemic - when the disease affect a large group of people.
Pandemic - when the disease affects people worldwide.

References 

Epidemiology