cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Free running is a sport that means doing jumps with difficult movements in the air and cross a tour with obstacles since in the parkour.

These jumps name ("Flips") or (Mortal Jumps).
 Basic Jumps

 Front Flip: The person jumps with the two legs and does a complete forward rotation.
 Back Flip: The person jumps of back also with the two legs and gives a return on if sames backward.
 Side Flip: The person jumps sidewards with one or two legs and gives a return on of sames sidewards.
 Wall Flip: The person puts a foot in the wall and jump with one leg giving a turned backward.

 Harder jumps and rolls

 Eagle roll: The person dives forward and rolls giving them a fast way to dive over things.
 Hand plant: The person jumps forward and plants their hands on an object and pushes their legs forward.
 Wall run: The person runs and jumps with one foot on the wall and takes another step giving them the advantage of climbing.
 

Culture

fr:Freerun
New World monkeys are the families of primates which are found in Central and South America. The families are ranked together as the Ceboidea superfamily, the only living platyrrhine superfamily. They differ from the Old World monkeys and apes, which are Catarrhini.

 Platyrrhini: the New World monkeys.Superfamily Ceboidea
 Family Cebidae: capuchins and squirrel monkeys. Subfamily Callitrichinae: marmosets and tamarins. Subfamily Aotinae: night or owl monkeys
 Family Pitheciidae: titis, sakis and uakaris
 Family Atelidae: howler, spider, muriqui (woolly spider) and woolly monkeys

Origin
About 40 million years ago, the simians split into the groups: the Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) and Catarrhini (apes and Old World monkeys). The key question is how did the early monkeys get to the Americas? There is at present no evidence for either of the two possible routes. Route one is across the then less wide Atlantic. Route two is across Asia, across the Bering Strait, and down through North America.

There are some big differences between the two groups of monkeys. New World monkeys have noses of flatter shape with nostrils facing to the side. Most do not have full colour vision, they have a different dental formula, many form monogamous pair bonds, with paternal care for the young, mostly, twin births are common, and their thumbs are not opposable. The Atelidae family have long tails that can grip things.

Related pages
List of New World monkey species

References
Catarrhini is one of the two subdivisions of the higher primates (the other is the New World monkeys). Catarrhines include the Old World monkeys and the apes. Apes are further divided into the lesser apes or gibbons and the great apes, consisting of the orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and humans. They are all native to Africa and Asia.

Primates
Nishapur is a historial city in Northeast Iran and the cultural capital of Khorassan. In 2005, about 270,940 people lived there.

References 

Cities in Iran
Razavi Khorasan Province
Nikola Pokrivač (born 26 November 1985 in Čakovec, Croatia) is a Croatian footballer who plays as defensive midfielder for Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.

Career
Pokrivač started to play football with Bratstvo Jurovec, near his hometown. His youthteams were also  Čakovec and Varteks Varaždin .In Varaždin he started his professional career which brought him over Dinamo Zagreb, AS Monaco to Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.In this team he plays not regularly, in the 2010/11 season he played eight matches.

International career
Pokrivač has played for the Croatian under-21 national team and has also played at  under-17 and under-19 levels. He played 39 matches and scored three goals for all Croatian youth national teams between 2001 and 2006.

On 5 May 2008he became member of the team for the UEFA Euro 2008 finals in Austria and Switzerland, where he only played in the last group match against Poland. His debut was on 24 May 2008 in a friendly match against Moldova in Rijeka, coming forbstitute for Niko Kovač in the 59th minute. Another five matches he played in the qualifying round for the FIFA World Cup 2010.

Honours
  Austrian Champion 2010 with Red Bull Salzburg
 Croatian Champion 2007 with Dinamo Zagreb
Croatian Cup  2007 with Dinamo Zagreb

References

Other websites

Players profile FC Red Bull Salzburg homepage (German)
Players profile Austrian Soccer Board (German)

Croatian footballers
1985 births
Living people
The Butterfly Effect is a 2004 American psychological thriller movie. It was produced by Anthony Rhulen, Chris Bender, J.C. Spink and A.J. Dix and was directed by Eric Bress and J. Mackye Gruber. The Butterfly Effect was released on January 22, 2004 in North America. The movie received negative reviews with a 32% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 30 out of 100 from Metacritic.

This movie had two sequels: The Butterfly Effect 2 and The Butterfly a?Effect 3: Revelations.

Cast 
Ashton Kutcher as Evan Treborn
Amy Smart as Kayleigh Miller
Melora Walters as Andrea Treborn
Elden Henson as Lenny Kagan
William Lee Scott as Tommy Miller
Eric Stoltz as George Miller
Ethan Suplee as Thumper
John Patrick Amedori as Evan Treborn (age 13)
Irene Gorovaia as Kayleigh Miller (age 13)
Kevin G. Schmidt as Lenny Kagan (age 13)
Jesse James as Tommy Miller (age 13)
Logan Lerman as Evan Treborn (age 7)
Sarah Widdows as Kayleigh Miller (age 7)
Jake Kaese as Lenny Kagan (age 7)
Cameron Bright as Tommy Miller (age 7)
Kevin Durand as Carlos
Callum Keith Rennie as Jason Treborn
Lorena Gale as Mrs. Boswell
Nathaniel DeVeaux as Dr. Redfield
Tara Wilson as Heidi
Jesse Hutch as Spencer
Jacqueline Stewart as Gwen

Other websites 
The Butterfly Effect's Official website
 
 

2004 movies
2004 science fiction movies
American drama movies
American science fiction movies
Movies set in the 1980s
Movies set in the 1990s
Time travel movies
Digital forensics is a forensic science where experts look at computer devices to help solve crime. It can also include mobile phones. The experts who do digital forensics are often called "analysts" or "investigators". When an expert is asked to look at a computer it is called an "investigation".

A digital forensics investigation happens when someone is blamed for a crime that includes using a computer. The expert will look for evidence about the crime. They will try to prove whether the person is to blame or not.

Sometimes investigations are used in disputes between companies and/or people (known as civil law). These may not involve a crime. Instead the expert is asked to find out information about a person or company by looking at their computer. There is a specific word used to describe this type of investigation, it is "eDiscovery".

Another use of digital forensics is called "intrusion detection". It happens after a hacker breaks in to a computer network. After the break in an expert is often asked to look at the networked computers to try and find out how it happened.

Forensics
Conjure One is an electronic music project from Vancouver, British Columbia.

The project's most well known song is "Sleep". The only member of the project is Rhys Fulber. It started in early 1997 when Fulber decided that he was going to pursue a solo career. He has released three albums under Conjure One. Singer Sandra covered "Sleep" on her single The Way I Am.

Other websites
Official website

Canadian musical groups
Electronic music bands
Pop music groups
People from Vancouver
Musical groups established in 1997
1997 establishments in Canada
Freddy vs. Jason is an 2003 American horror movie. Many of the fans from both of the horror movie characters thought the movie was a great battle movie between the two killers. It was a cross-over between Jason Goes to Hell.

Story
The movie is about Freddy Krueger (Robert Englund) and Jason Voorhees (Ken Kirzinger) terrorizing Elm Street and killing the teenagers who live or dare to cross paths between Jason or Freddy. It wasn't until that Freddy begins to try to kill all of the teens, but Jason keeps catching up to him which makes both of them angry. Then Lori Campbell (Monica Keena) is wondering how her mother died in which she once thought died from a car crash. Later, Will Rollins (Jason Ritter) and Mark Davis (Brendan Fletcher) escape from a mentally-ill hospital and tries to save Lori and her friends from Freddy.

It wasn't until they needed some more pills to keep them awake, so they go to the asylum from where Will and Mark escaped from and try to find the pills. Then Bill Freeburg (Kyle Labine dump all the pills in the sink when he was possessed by Freddy. Then Jason came crashing into the asylum and then was put to sleep by Bill, but was sliced in half. When Jason was asleep, he was dreaming about seeing his mother and then Freddy came along and stabbed him in the head. Then Lori went to the same dream as Jason was, but then he woke-up and then the van they were driving crashed into Camp Crystal Lake. Later Lori, Will, Kia Waterson (Kelly Rowland), and Charlie Linderman (Chris Marquette) went into a cabin, but Lori was in a nightmare with Freddy. Later Jason came into the cabin which he set on fire. Then Lori pulled Freddy into the real world from were Freddy and Jason began to fight.

Later, they were pushed into the dock from the lake and then Jason began to slice Freddy until he cut Jason's fingers and Freddy got the machete and began to stab Jason and then stabbed his eyes with his razor gloves. After Jason killed both Kia and Charlie, Lori and Will lit the propane tank on fire and caused the camp to explode. That was when Jason tore Freddy's arm off and were blown into the lake. Then Will and Lori were about to leave until Freddy came back with Jason's machete and was about to kill them until Jason stabbed Freddy with his own razor glove. Then Lori wanted to get revenge on Freddy when she discovered he had killed her mother, she decapitated Freddy's head-off. At the end Jason fell into the lake until he rose the next day with Freddy's head and later Freddy winked.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 
The Nightmare On Elm Street Companion

A Nightmare on Elm Street movies
Friday the 13th movies
Horror crossover movies
2003 horror movies
Movies set in New Jersey
Ernie Els (born 17 October 1969) is a South African professional golfer. He was born in Johannesburg. He is in the PGA.

Other websites 

People from Johannesburg
South African golfers
White South African people
1969 births
Living people
Stefan Hierländer (born February 3, 1991 in Villach, Carinthia) is an Austrian footballer. He plays with F.C. Red Bull Salzburg as midfielder in the Austrian Bundesliga.

He started in Carinthia with his local club SV Greifenburg. 2008 he went to Sampdoria Genua but came back after a few weeks. His first professional team was the second squad of SK Austria Kärnten. As SK Kärnten got no license for the 2010/11 season he signed a contract with F.C. Red Bull Salzburg. Being an offensiv midfielder he played under the new coaches Ricardo Moniz and Niko Kovac as right defender.

On July 20th, 2013 he played his 100 match in the Austrian Bundesliga. 62 of them he did for FC Red Bull Salzburg. In 2013 he played 17 matches and then got an knee injury.

Honours
Austrian Champion: 2012
Austrian Cup:2012

References

1991 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
People from Villach
SK Sturm Graz players
Abadan is a  city in southwestern Iran. In the year 2006 there were 217,988 people living there.

References 

Cities in Iran
Thor is a heavy metal band from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Line-up
Jon Mikl Thor - vocals
John Leibel - guitar
Ted Jedlicki - bass
Tom Croxton - drums
Matt McNallie - guitar
Matt Hamilton - guitar

Discography

Albums

 Thor-Body Rock (1973)
 Keep the Dogs Away (1977, 30th anniversary re-release 2009)
 Electric Eyes (1979, release 2017)
 Only the Strong (1985)
 Live in Detroit (1985, re-release 2009)
 Recruits – Wild in the Streets (1986)
 The Edge of Hell (1986) (credited as Tritonz)
 Thunderstruck: Tales from the Equinox (1998)
 Dogz II (2000)
 Triumphant (2002)
 Mutant (2003)
 Beastwomen from the Center of the Earth (2004)
 Thor Against the World (2005)
 Devastation of Musculation (2006)
 Into the Noise (2008)
 Steam Clock (2009)
 Sign of the V (2009)
 The Guardian (2010)
 Soundtrack from the movie THOR - The Rock Opera (2011)
 Thor's Teeth (2012, Special edition vinyl)
 Thor – Thunderstryke (2012)
 Thor – Thunderstryke II (2013)
 Metal Avenger (2015, compilation)
 Aristocrat of Victory (2013)
 Bugs Bunny Dressed as a Girl (2013)
 Only the Strong Deluxe Edition (2014)
 Metal Avenger (2015)
 Beyond the Pain Barrier (2017)
 Christmas in Valhalla (2018)
 Hammer of Justice (2019)

EPs
Muscle Rock (1977) (Credited as Thor & the Imps)
Gladiator (1979)	
Striking Viking (1980)
Unchained (1983)
Odin Speaks (2001) (Split with Thor & the Ass Boys)

Other websites 
Thor site
MySpace page
MySpace page

Canadian hard rock bands
Canadian heavy metal bands
Glam metal bands
Power metal
people from British Columbia
1978 establishments in Canada
Musical groups established in 1978
Ricardo Moniz (born 17 June 1964) is a former Dutch footballer and now coach of Lechia Gdańsk.

Player career
He played for RKC Waalwijk, HFC Haarlem, Helmond Sport and FC Eindhoven.

Coaching career
From 2005 till 2008 Moniz was skill trainer for Tottenham Hotspurs in Englands Premier League. 2008 he was skill trainer for HSV(Hamburger Sport-Verein). 2010 he became coach of HSV because the former trainer was dismissed. He played in the  semi-final  of the 2010 UEFA Europe League but lost against FC Fulham.

Since the beginning of the 2010/11 season he is coach for F.C. Red Bull Salzburg. He became skills and talent coach and was responsible for the youth departments of FC Red Bull Salzburg (Austria), RB Leipzig (Germany), New York Red Bulls (USA), Red Bull Brasil (Brasil) and Red Bull Academy Sogakope (Ghana). After the demotion of Huub Stevens he became head coach of the team.

With FC Red Bull Salzburg he reached the round of 32 in the UEFA Euro league 2011/12.
Since August 2012 he is coach of the Hungarian team Ferencváros Budapest.

References

Other websites

Profile on FC Red Bull Homepage 

1964 births
Living people
Dutch football managers
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Rotterdam
 FC Red Bull Salzburg managers
Derek Boogaard (June 23, 1982 – May 13, 2011) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He played for 6 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Minnesota Wild and New York Rangers. He was known for being an enforcer and for his physical play, this gained him the nicknames, "Boogeyman" and "The Mountie".

He was found dead in his Minneapolis apartment on May 13, 2011. He was only 28 years old.

References

Other websites 

1982 births
2011 deaths
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Drug-related accidental deaths
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Medicine Hat Tigers players
Minnesota Wild players
New York Rangers players
People from Saskatoon
Prince George Cougars players
Regina Pats players
ECHL players
Petri Kontiola (born October 4, 1984 in Seinajoki, Finland) is a professional Finnish ice hockey center that currently plays in the Kontinental Hockey League for the Traktor Chelyabinsk. Kontiola also played in the NHL for a season with the Chicago Blackhawks. He was drafted by the Blackhawks with the 196th pick in the 2004 NHL Draft.

Other websites
 

1984 births
Living people
Finnish ice hockey players
Chicago Blackhawks players
American Hockey League players
Ice hockey centres
Estopa are a popular duo from Cornellà, Spain. The band consists of the brothers José and David Muñoz, who sing different sounds reflecting many genres, including rock, rumba and flamenco. Their first album, Estopa, has sold over 1,000,000 copies to date. Their latest album, Voces de Ultrarumba, sold more than 200,000 copies on its first day of release. Their music has made them one of the most successful rock groups in Spanish history.

Members
José Muñoz, the younger brother, was born in 1978. He plays guitar for Estopa. David Muñoz, the older brother, was born in 1976. He is the singer and also plays some guitar. They are brothers born in Extremadura. The brothers grew up listening to such bands as Los Chichos, Los Chunguitos, and Bordón on their trips with their parents from Cornellà to Zarza Capilla, where their parents were from.

As they grew up, José and David attended college for some time before deciding that it was not right for them. After quitting their studies, they worked for a factory manufacturing car parts for the company SEAT. It was in that factory where they began composing their earliest songs and they began to play in local bars.

After playing a song for the bosses at BMG Music España, Estopa was given a record deal.

Spanish musical entertainers
Extremadura
Spanish musical groups
Fakenham is a town and civil parish in North Norfolk, England. In 2001 there were 7,357 people living in Fakenham.

References 

Civil parishes in Norfolk
North Norfolk
Towns in Norfolk
Thame () is a town and civil parish in Oxfordshire, England, about  southwest of the Buckinghamshire town of Aylesbury. In 2001 there were 11,072 people living in Thame.

References

Further reading

Other websites

Towns in Oxfordshire
Jeffrey Keith "Jeff" Skilling (born November 25, 1953 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American former businessman and former president of Enron Corporation. He is best known for being involved in the Enron scandal. Skilling was ultimately convicted of multiple federal felony charges that related to Enron's financial collapse, and he is currently serving a 24-year, four-month prison sentence at the Federal Correctional Institution in Englewood, Colorado. The Supreme Court of the United States heard arguments in the appeal of the case on March 1, 2010. On June 24, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated part of Skilling's conviction and sent the case back to the lower court for further proceedings.

In 2013, the United States Department of Justice said that they had reached a deal with Skilling that resulted in 10 years being cut from his sentence. He can be released sometime in 2019.

References

Other websites
Jeffrey Skilling at Forbes.com

1953 births
Living people
American prisoners
Criminals from Pennsylvania
Harvard University alumni
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Charles Julius Guiteau ( ; September 8, 1841June 30, 1882) was an American writer and lawyer. He is best known as the peoson who assassinated US President James A. Garfield  on July 2, 1881. Guiteau shot Garfield after being angry with him about not receiving credit for Garfield's victory in 1880. Guiteau wrote a speech about Garfield but never made the speech.

Guiteau was born in Freeport, Illinois. He was a preacher, writer and lawyer. He was found guilty in a court of law. He was executed by hanging in Washington, D.C.

References 

1841 births
1882 deaths
lawyers from Illinois
American murderers
Assassins
Criminals from Illinois
Executed American people
James A. Garfield
People executed by hanging
Writers from Illinois
19th-century American poets
American Protestants
American criminals
American people convicted of murder
American terrorists
Assassinations
Executed people
People convicted of murder
Kohima is the capital town of Nagaland state in India.

Nagaland
Towns in India
Capital cities in India
Retford is a town near the A1 road in Nottinghamshire, England.

Towns in Nottinghamshire
Dereham is a town and civil parish in Breckland District, Norfolk, England. In 2001 there were 15,659 people living in Dereham.

References 

Breckland
Civil parishes in Norfolk
Towns in Norfolk
The ÖFB-Frauenliga (official name:Planet Pure Frauen Bundesliga) (German for ÖFB Women's League) is the highest level of Women soccer in Austria. The most successful team was USC Landhaus Wien with 12 titels, in the last years SV Neulengbach was the best club in Austria winning all titels from 2003/04 on.

History
Women football was played in Austria actually before the Second World War. In 1936 the first championship was organized by the Österreichische Damenfußball-Union (Austrian Ladies Soccer Union) with 9 teams from the Vienna area. But after the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany it was suppressed. This continued till the end of the 1960s. In 1968 USC Landhaus Wien was one of the first women soccer clubs in Autria. In 1972 the first women championship after the war was  organized by the Vienna Football Union. 1980 the first pure women soccer club (Union Kleinmünchen from Upper Austria) was founded. In 1982 the ÖFB organized the championship for the first time. Actually 334 teams are playing in 5 divisions. Also the number of players increased from 7 000 (2008) to around 17 000. Planet Pure, a cleaning supplies manufacturer from Vorarlberg, is the first official sponsor of the league.

Since 2002 the Austrian Champion plays in the UEFA Women’s Cup.

Current Teams 2021-22 Season 

SKN St. Pölten Women
SK Sturm Graz Women
FC Wacker Innsbruck Women
FK Austria Wien Women
First Vienna FC Women
USV Neulengbach 
SPG SCR Altach/FFC Vorderland
SKV Altenmarkt  
FC Südburgenland
FC Bergheim

List of champions 
The list of champions:

Champions 
USC Landhaus Wien (1974, 1976, 1977, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1988, 1989, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001)
Union Kleinmünchen (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999)
 USV Neulengbach (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010)
SKN St. Pölten Frauen (includes FSK St. Pölten-Spratzern): (2015, 2016, 2017,2018,2019, 2021)
 FS Elektra Wien (1977, 1979, 1980)
 1. DFC Leoben (1976, 1987)
 Favoritner AC Wien (1973)
 KSV Ankerbrot Wien (1975)
 SV Aspern (1984)
 ESV Ostbahn XI Wien (1985)
 Innsbrucker AC (2002)

References

Other websites
ÖFB Official Homepage (German) 
Homepage Union Kleinmünchen with results and tables

Women's football in Austria
The Middle Jurassic is the second geological epoch in the Jurassic. It began 174.1 million years ago, and ended at 163.5 million years ago.

In the Middle Jurassic, Pangaea began to split apart. It began to separate into Laurasia and Gondwana, and the Atlantic Ocean formed. Tectonic activities closed the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. A subduction zone on the coast of western North America continues to create the ancestral Rocky Mountains.

Life of the epoch

Marine life 
During this time, marine life (including ammonites and bivalves) flourished. Ichthyosaurs, although common, are reduced in diversity. A type of crocodilians first appeared.

Plesiosaurs became common at this time. The top marine predators, the pliosaurs, grew to the size of killer whales and larger e.g. Pliosaurus, Liopleurodon.

Terrestrial life 
New types of dinosaurs evolved on land. Cetiosaurus was an early sauropod found in England in the mid-19th century.

The environment in which Cetiosaurus lived was floodplain and open woodland. Brachiosaurs and Megalosaurus also lived in this environment.

The cynodont therapsids flourished with the dinosaurs, but they were only shrew-sized. None grew larger than a badger. One group of cynodonts, the Trithelodonts were becoming rare and eventually became extinct at the end of this epoch. The Tritylodonts were still common, though. In this epoch "true" mammals evolved from a group of cynodonts.

Flora
Conifers were dominant in the Middle Jurassic. Other plants, such as ginkgoes, cycads, and ferns were also common. These are the trees which the large herbivores ate.

Related pages 
Jurassic
Lower Jurassic
Upper Jurassic

References

Jurassic
Fossils
The Club des Hashischins, the Hashish Club, (sometimes also spelled Club des Hashishins or Club des Hachichins), was a Parisian group who explored using drugs, mainly hashish, to get creative ideas. 

It was active from about 1844 to 1849. Some of the most important literary and intellectual people in Paris were members. They including Dr. Jacques-Joseph Moreau, Théophile Gautier, Charles Baudelaire, Victor Hugo, Honoré de Balzac Gérard de Nerval, Eugène Delacroix and Alexandre Dumas, père. Monthly "séances" were held at the Hôtel de Lauzun (at that time: Hôtel Pimodan) on the Île Saint-Louis.

Gautier wrote about the club in an article called the "Le Club des Hachichin" published in the Revue des Deux Mondes in February 1846. While he is often said to have started the club, in the article he says he was attending their séances for the first time that evening.

The group dressed up in Arab clothing. They drank coffee and added hashish, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, pistachio, sugar, orange juice, butter and cantharides. It was a thick, green mixture, like a jam.

Dr. Moreau wrote a book in 1846 about the cannabis and the drug taking experiments of the club. The 439 page book was called Hashish and Mental Illness - Psychological Studies. Baudelaire wrote that while the drug did give people ideas, it quickly affected their personality. They felt they could only create while under the influence of the drug.

References

Other websites
The Hashish Club

French writers
Drugs
Frédéric Chopin's Fantaisie-Impromptu in C-sharp minor is a solo piano composition. It is one of his best-known pieces. It was composed in 1834 and was published by Julian Fontana after though even though Chopin asked him not to do so.

The structure of the piece is in A B A Coda form. Some aspects of this piece are similar to Beethoven's "Moonlight" Sonata. The opening tempo is allegro agitato. It changes to largo for the two bars after the 'A' section. The tempo for most of the 'B' section is moderato cantabile. Finally, after the 'B' section, it changes to presto. The piece on a C-sharp major rolled chord.

References

Other websites 
 Video of a performance of the piece, by Yundi Li
Video of Valentina Igoshina playing the Fantaisie-Impromptu
 Recording of Fantaisie-Impromptu performed by the pianist Alberto Cobo, MP3 format
 Free score by the Mutopia Project
 Free score via icking-music-archive.org

Solo piano pieces
Compositions by Frédéric Chopin
"Smile" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne. The song was written by Lavigne with Max Martin and Shellback. It was produced by Martin and Shellback. "Smile" was released on April 11, 2011  to Australian radio stations. It was the second single from Lavigne's fourth album Goodbye Lullaby.

Background
Lavigne asked her fans in Twitter what the next single from Goodbye Lullaby should be. She asked them to choose between Push and Smile. Lavigne confirmed that "Smile" was to be the second single from the album. Lavigne herself wanted Push to be released. The singer's record label, RCA, announced that "Smile" will be sent out to Polish radio in April. It would be sent out to USA, Canada, New Zealand, Asia, and the UK around this time. Lavigne posted photos of the set of her music video. This was on April 21, 2011.

Promotion 
Lavigne will perform the song on the German show Schlag den Raab on June 4, 2011.

Track listing
iTunes digital download
"Smile" – 3:29

Digital download and CD single
"Smile" – 3:29
"What the Hell" (Bimbo Jones remix) – 4:10

Personnel
Songwriting – Avril Lavigne, Max Martin, Shellback
Production and recording – Max Martin, Shellback
Engineering – Michael Ilbert
Mixing – Serban Ghenea
Mix engineer – John Hanes
Assistant mix engineer – Tim Roberts
Drums, guitar and bass – Shellback
Keyboards – Max Martin

Source:

Charts

Release history

References

2011 songs
Avril Lavigne songs
Cominform was an organisation set up in 1947 to coordinate the European Communist parties. It was actually an organisation which enabled the Communist Party in the USSR to control the other Communist parties in Europe.

1947 establishments
1956 disestablishments
Communist parties
Soviet Union
Political organizations based in Europe
1940s establishments in the Soviet Union
1947 establishments in Europe
1956 disestablishments in Europe
Disestablishments in the Soviet Union
Douglas da Silva (born 7 March 1984 in Florianópolis, Brazil) is a Brazilian football player who is  playing for F.C. Red Bull Salzburg in Austria as defender.

Career
2005 he went from Brazil to Israel, where he started playing for Hapoel Kfar Saba and soon became one of the best defenders in the league. After four years with this club he went one to an Israelian top club Hapoel Tel Aviv, because his old club was relegated to the second league. With Tel Aviv he became cup winner and champion in 2010. They also played in the UEFA Champions league 2010/11 after eliminating Red Bull Salzburg in the play off round. He played in the Champions league group stage, but in December 2010 he signed with F.C. Red Bull Salzburg.In a preliminary match he was injured badly, so he missed the whole second part of the 2010/11 season.

Honours
Israel State Cup (1):
2010

Israeli Premier League (1):
2009–10

Brazilian footballers
1984 births
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Living people
Brazilian Portuguese is a dialect of the Portuguese language. It is different enough from the dialect of Portugal that a speaker of one does not easily understand a speaker of the other. It has 210 million speakers (87% of the Portuguese speakers).

Languages of South America
Brazilian culture
Dialects of Portuguese
Kashubian or Cassubian  is a Lechitic language, a kind of Slavic language. It is spoken in the Polish region of Pomerania.

Today the language is taught in some state schools. Since 2005 it has been protected in Poland as a regional language. It is the only language in Poland with this status. The status was given by an act of Polish Parliament on January 6, 2005.

References 

Slavic languages
Languages of Europe
Żywiec (pronounce: [ˈʐɨvjɛt​͡s]) is a city in Poland. It is in the south of Poland in the historical region called Małopolska on Soła river in Silesian Voivodeship near Bielsko-Biała. It received city rights in 1327. In 2006 in Żywiec lived 32078 people. The current mayor is Antoni Szlagor.

Cities in Poland
Uniformitarianism is the idea that the same physical laws of today have always operated. It was the centerpiece of James Hutton's 1795 geology book Theory of the Earth, with proofs and illustrations.

In this work Hutton proposed that the causes acting on the world today also acted in the past. This means that the rocks of the Earth were formed by processes which we can see operating today. These processes, though very slow (gradualism), made the world what it is today. The idea is part of a wider philosophy called the philosophy of naturalism.

The term 'uniformitarianism' was invented by William Whewell in 1837 to describe Hutton's basic idea. This idea is the foundation of modern geology. 

Hutton's ideas were popularised by John Playfair in 1802 in Illustrations of the Huttonian theory of the Earth, and by Charles Lyell in his Principles of geology (1830 to 1833). The phrase "the present is the key to the past" is Lyell's most famous quotation.

Uniformitarianism in geology is opposed by catastrophism, the idea that major changes in the Earth take place through sudden and violent events.

References 

Philosophy of science
Geology
History of science
Upper Sorbian () is a West Slavic language spoken by the Sorb people in Germany. The language is spoken in the province of Upper Lusatia. Today this province is part of Saxony.

There are around 40,000 speakers of Upper Sorbian living in Saxony. Upper Sorbian is a minority language in Germany according to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.

References 

Languages of Europe
Slavic languages
The Berks Area Reading Transportation Authority (BARTA) is in Reading, Pennsylvania. BARTA has 50 buses, all hybrid electric buses.

Current fleet 
2009 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (0991-0995) Powered by Cummins ISB/Allison E Drive
2010 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (1096-1099) Powered by Cummins ISB/Allison E Drive
2015 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (1542-1544) Powered by Cummins ISB6.7/BAE HybriDrive
2016 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (1605-1608) Powered by Cummins ISB6.7/BAE HDS-200
2018 Gillig BRT 35 ft. hybrid electric buses (1801-1805, 1808-1812) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid
2018 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (1806-1807) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid
2019 Gillig BRT 35 ft. hybrid electric buses (1901-1905, 1912-1918) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid 
2020 Gillig BRT 40 ft. hybrid electric buses (2001-2002) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid
2020 Gillig BRT 35 ft. hybrid electric buses (2003-2006) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid
2021 Gillig Low Floor Plus HEV 35' buses (2104-2107) Powered by Cummins B6.7/BAE Hybrid

Retired fleet (as of November 2015) 
 2003 Optima Opus 35 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISB (0301-0305) 0304 was scrapped after having a fire in January 2008. 0301-0303 & 0305 were put up for auction on 11/13/2015.
 2003 New Flyer D40LF 40 ft. buses powered by Detroit Diesel Series 50-EGR (0321-0323) All 3 units were put up for auction on 11/13/2015.
 2004 Optima Opus 35 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISB (0406-0410)
 2004 Gillig Low Floor 40 ft. buses powered by Detroit Diesel Series 50-EGR (0431-0432) 
 2005 Gillig BRT 35 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISL (0533-0549)
2007 Gillig BRT 35 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISL (0750-0756)
2008 Gillig BRT 35 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISL (0857-0862)
2008 Gillig BRT 40 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISL (0881-0882)
2009 Gillig BRT 40 ft. buses powered by Cummins ISL (0983-0984) 

3 of the Opus buses (0406, 0408-0409) were leased by COLTS (County of Lackawanna Transit System) in Scranton, Pennsylvania in June 2017. COLTS procured 4 buses from the South Central Transit Authority (SCTA) to fill a gap with the lack of buses in their fleet. One of the buses came from Red Rose Transit Authority. 0410 was donated to the Reading Muhlenberg Career and Technology Center for students to use for hands-on training after it retired at the end of 2016. 0407 was presumably going to be donated to the Berks Career and Technology Center. However, when it was listed for auction on Public Surplus website in February 2017, the transmission was broken. So therefore, 0407 was not donated to any of the CTCs for training, and it had to be towed from the property at the expense of the person with winning bid. 0756 and 0858 went to AppalCART in Boone, North Carolina. 0857 and 0861 went to ShuttleBus in York County, Maine.

All three of the New Flyers went to Indian Trails in Owosso, Michigan. They were renumbered 44-46, and 44 was assigned to Western Michigan University (Bronco Transit) service while 46 was assigned to Walmart Shopper Shuttle service.

Transport in Pennsylvania
Cornellà de Llobregat is a municipality in the comarca of the Baix Llobregat in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the left of the Llobregat river.

History

The history of Cornellà de Llobregat is defined by three principal factors: its proximity to the city of Barcelona, its being an area of passage from the capital of Catalonia, and the presence of the Llobregat River. Its name is of Roman origin (Cornelianus) and the first written reference to the city dates from 980 AD, although the city was incorporated into Barcelona's territory in the thirteenth century.

Cities in Catalonia
Municipalities in Catalonia
Roger Starr (1918 - 2001) was an intelligence officer during World War II, businessman, active in community organizations, and New York City housing administrator. Later in life, he became a writer for the New York Times. One of his books was called "The Living End".

References

1918 births
2001 deaths
Writers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
American people of World War II
Arctic ecology is the science that studies the ecology of the arctic. The arctic is all land and water north of the Arctic Circle (66 33’). This area is very cold and has little rain. In the winter there is almost no sunlight. The growing season, when farmers can grow crops, is very short.

The arctic biomes are taiga, boreal forest, and tundra. Many of the ecosystems in the arctic are fragile, and can be easily destroyed. These ecosystems are being hurt by global warming.

Environment
The arctic environment includes both land and water. Two important parts of this environment are sea ice and permafrost.

Sea ice is ice that floats in the ocean. It is made of frozen seawater. It is important because animals live and sleep on the ice, especially in winter. Sea ice lasts all year and never melts completely. There is less ice during the summer than during the winter.

Lots of land in the arctic is frozen all year long. Permafrost is a substrate (layer of soil) that has been frozen for two or more years. The dirt on top of the permafrost is called the "active layer". This dirt melts during the summer and is important for plants to grow.

Food Chain 
In the arctic region there is less food. The algae is eaten by small insects. These insects are eaten by plankton. These are eaten by small fish these are eaten by big fish. Now, these are eaten by seals. Seals are at last eaten by polar bears.

Subfields of ecology
Super Bowl XXXV (or Super Bowl 35) was a Super Bowl game between the Baltimore Ravens and the New York Giants in the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2000 regular season. The Ravens won against the Giants 34–7. The game was played on January 28, 2001 at the Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida. The win gave the Ravens their first Super Bowl title and the City of Baltimore their second title in 30 years.

Most Valuable Player (MVP)
Baltimore linebacker Ray Lewis was named the game's Most Valuable Player (MVP).

Team statistics

Player statistics

*Completions/Attempts
aCarries
bLong play
cReceptions

Starting players

Game officials 
 Referee: Gerald Austin
 Umpire: Chad Brown
 Head Linesman: Tony Veteri, Jr.
 Line Judge: Walt Anderson
 Field Judge: Bill Lovett
 Side Judge: Doug Toole
 Back Judge: Bill Schmitz
 Alternate Referee: Larry Nemmers
 Alternate Umpire: Jeff Rice

Sources

Other websites 
 Super Bowl XXXV official website
 Large online database of NFL data and statistics

035
Sports in Tampa, Florida
2001 in sports
2001 in the United States
2000s in Tampa, Florida
Baltimore Ravens
New York Giants
Caps lock is the name of a key on a computer keyboard. When you press this key, letters that you type will be capital letters (like this, "ABC"), instead of lowercase ("abc"). The caps lock key is usually above the Shift key and below the Tab key on the left side of the keyboard. However, some people prefer it to be in other locations.

The way the caps lock key works is that once you press it, a light may come on, or you may get a message on the screen. This lets you know that text that you type will be in uppercase letters. When you press the key again, the light turns off, or another message may appear, saying that caps lock has been turned off and text you type will be back to lowercase letters.

Some keyboards and typewriters have a key called shift lock. It is a lot like the caps lock key in that letters you type will be in uppercase instead of lowercase. But shift lock also does something else: when it is on, keys which have two symbols on them, such as the number keys in the top row, will print the symbol on top, instead of the symbol on the bottom. For example, pressing the key with the number 1 on it will print the exclamation mark ("!") instead of the number 1. The caps lock key does not do this; it only affects the letter keys.

People who type a lot, such as those who use typewriters, use the shift key instead of the caps lock or shift lock keys unless they have to type many capital letters in a row. But there is also a neat trick you can do with the caps lock and shift keys: when caps lock is on, you can hold the shift key while typing and what you type will be in lowercase letters instead of capitals. This can be done on some computers, such as those running Microsoft Windows computers. 

Not all computers have a caps lock key. Some of those that don't have been made for the One Laptop Per Child program.

References 

Computers
The Page Up and Page Down keys are two computer keys that you press to either scroll up or scroll down on documents. The page up and page down scrolling distance sometimes varies depending on which documents you are reading. If the page up of page down key is pressed together with the shift key it will highlight all the text. The page up and page down keys are sometimes called PgUp or PgDn and they are located on the right of the keyboard with page up on top and page down on the bottom.

Computers
Scroll lock (or ScrLk) is the name of a key on a computer keyboard that was meant to lock all scrolling methods. The scroll lock key is rarely used and only came about because the original IBM PC keyboard had it. It was supposed to change how the arrow keys work. For example, when the scroll lock mode was turned on, the arrow keys would scroll the contents of a text window instead of moving the cursor. Today, the key doesn't do anything in most programs, and as a result, many keyboards today, especially those on laptops and mobile devices, do not have the scroll lock key.

Computers
Organ donation means that an organ is transferred from the body of one person to that of another person. This is done by a type of surgery called an organ transplant. The donor, the person whose organ is used, may be alive or recently dead. The person receiving the organ is called the recipient.

Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, intestine, skin, and thymus. 
Tissues that can be transplanted include bone, muscle, tendon, cornea, heart, and veins. 

The most commonly transplanted organs worldwide is the kidney, followed closely by the liver, the heart. The most commonly transplanted tissues are the cornea, bones, and muscle.

There is a great demand for organs and tissues. Donors must give permission. Iran is the only country regulating donors selling one of their kidneys for payment, and there is no waiting list. There is a field of medicine called "regenerative medicine" that has made scientific advances to grow or create organs or tissues from stem cells.

Organs
Giving
A motorcade (or convoy, carcade, autocade) is a number of vehicles driving in the same direction on official business.

Uses of motorcades

VIPs 

Motorcades can be used to transport a very important person (VIP), usually a political figure. Such a motorcade is usually accompanied by police cars and other protection. This is to make sure the people in the motorcade are safe. For instance, motorcades for presidents often have four to six armoured cars, with police motorcycles and cars going in front and behind.

Depending on the size of the motorcade and who it is carrying, streets may be completely blocked off so no-one else can use them. This is common for the security of heads of state or government.

Protests and demonstrations 
Motorcades can be used as protests and demonstrations. A large, organised, group of vehicles will travel a busy route at very slow speed. They do this to deliberately cause traffic disruption. This is often in relation to protest groups that have access to many large vehicles, such as truckers and farmers.

Funerals 

A funeral cortege is a group of mourners following a hearse in a motorcade of cars.

References

Other websites 

Detailed description of the motorcade of the President of the United States

Diplomacy
Security
Road transport
Doctors Without Borders or Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is a non profitable international medical humanitarian organization created by doctors and journalists in France in 1971. MSF gives emergency aid to people affected by wars, epidemics, famine, natural disasters and man-made disasters, or areas where there is no health care available. It provides this help to all people, regardless of their race, religion or political beliefs. 

In 1999 Doctors Without Borders was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. On 7 October 2015, President Barack Obama, also Nobel Peace Prize winner and at that time commander in chief, issued an apology to Doctors Without Borders for Kunduz hospital airstrike.

References

International organizations
An occluded front is a weather pattern.  It brings cold weather and leaves cold weather.  It happens when a cold front overtakes a slow-moving warm front.  The cold front is heavier than the warm front and will push it up.  The warm front slides over the cold one.   Cloud and rain form along the occluded front until temperatures become equal as the cold and warm air mix.  Some occluded fronts make tropical cyclogenesis.

References

Meteorology
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (5 September 1888 — 17 April 1975) was an Indian philosopher. He was famous for his work on comparative religion, comparative Eastern and Western philosophy, and was also a teacher in India and at Oxford University in the United Kingdom. He was also a statesman and served as the President of India. He was a great teacher and due to his commendable inputs in India's educational front every year on his birthday, i.e 5th september, we all celebrate Teachers day to pay tribute to our teachers who are like a guiding light in our lives.wow.

Saivigyan
He was the bridge-builder between East and the West due to his great knowledge. He had the ability to simplify complex ideas.

Dr. Radhakrishnan was critical of the way teaching of Western Philosophers. The basis of criticism was that theology dominated the  western  thinkers preventing freedom of expression. He wrote books on Indian philosophy according to Western academic standards, and made all efforts for the West to give serious consideration to Indian philosophy. In his book, Idealist View of Life, he compares different ways of thought process and favours the simplistic rational way. He is well known for his analysis of Human Way of Life by listening from elders (Upanishads), use of common sense (Bramha Sutra) and practical way of living (Bhagvad Gita).His birthday is celebrated as Teachers Day all over India.

References

Other websites 

 "The Legend of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan"

1888 births
1975 deaths
Indian philosophers
Presidents of India
Vice Presidents of India
Knights Bachelor
The tab key (short for tabulator key or tabular key) is a key on a computer keyboard, found right above the caps lock key on the far left. It is used to take the cursor to the next tab stop.

In word processor applications, the tab key usually moves the cursor to the next tab stop. In most other graphical applications, the tab key shifts the focus to the next control or widget.

Related pages
 Indent style

References

Other websites 
Tabs versus Spaces: An Eternal Holy War by Jamie Zawinski
Why I prefer no tabs in source code by Adam Spiers
Why I love having tabs in source code 
Elastic tabstops - the solution to the tabs-versus-spaces issue

Computers
Control characters