cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Allen Glover Lanier (June 25, 1946 – August 14, 2013) was an original member of Blue Öyster Cult. He played keyboards and rhythm guitar. Lanier wrote several songs for Blue Öyster Cult albums. These included "True Confessions", "Tenderloin", "Searchin' for Celine", "In Thee", and "Lonely Teardrops". He also contributed to music by Patti Smith, Jim Carroll, The Dictators and The Clash. He dated Patti Smith for several years during the 1970s. When Lanier started in 1967, the group was known as Soft White Underbelly. He left the group and was replaced in 1986 by Tommy Zvoncheck. He returned in 1987. He retired from performing with them after the autumn of 2006. On August 14, 2013 he died of complications from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

References 

1946 births
2013 deaths
American rock guitarists
Deaths from COPD
Musicians from New York
Aspergillus flavus is a potentially dangerous pathogen. It is a fungus with a very widespread distribution.  It grows in soils as a saprophyte. It also grows on cereal grains, legumes, and tree nuts.

In addition to causing pre-harvest and post-harvest infections, many strains produce toxic compounds known as mycotoxins. If eaten, they are toxic to mammals. The toxin produced by this species is called 'aflotoxin'.

A. flavus is a human and animal pathogen. In mammals, the pathogen can cause liver cancer if contaminated food is eaten. It also causes aspergillosis (invasive growth) in people whose immune system is damaged.

How deadly is it? 
In 1960 on an English farm, about 100,000 turkeys died. The cause of death was the primary food source, peanut meal. It was infected with A. flavus. The culture was isolated, grown in pure culture, and a subset of healthy turkeys was infected. The pure culture isolate causes death in the healthy turkeys. There were four toxic chemicals (aflatoxins).

Turkey autopsies showed aflatoxins targeted the liver and either completely killed the tissue cells or induced tumor formation. New standards for the production of food for human consumption were developed, which led to increases in cost.

Crop management 
To keep grains and legumes remain free of A. flavus infection, some things must be done before, during, and after harvest. Moisture levels should be kept below 11.5%. Temperature in storage units should be kept as low as possible: the pathogen cannot grow below 5°C. The low temperature slows respiration and reduces moisture.

Fumigation reduces insects and mites, otherwise they help the spread of the pathogen. Removing old, unripe, damaged and broken seeds, and cleanliness also keeps down the spread of the pathogen.

Biological control

Yeast 
To protect tree nuts and corn plants that are affected by A. flavus  treating the plants with the yeast Pichia anomala reduces the growth of A. flavus. Treating pistachio trees with P. anomala inhibited the growth of A. flavus up to 97% when compared to untreated trees.   The yeast successfully competes with A. flavus for space and nutrients, ultimately limiting the growth of A. flavus.

A.flavus AF36 
The good news is that there is a non-harmful strain which outcompetes the pathogenic strains.

Aspergillus flavus strain AF36 is not carcinogenic and is toxin-free. It is used as an active ingredient in pesticides. AF36 is a fungal antagonist and is applied as a commercial biocontrol to cotton and corn to reduce aflatoxin exposure. AF36 is grown on sterile seeds which serve as the carrier and a source of nutrients. After application and colonization, AF36 growing seeds will out-compete aflatoxin-producing strains of A. flavus. Non-aflatoxin spore dispersal is aided by wind and insects.

References

Other websites 
How safe is mouldy food to eat? BBC News magazine. 

Moulds
List of bridges in Spain.

Table 
Image - Image of the bridge.
Name - Name of the bridge.
River - The river over which the bridge is constructed.
Location - Geographical Location of the Bridge.
Autonomous Community - one of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain.
Type - Type of bridge.

Historically Important Bridges

Spanish Bridges of Architectural Importance

Big Spanish bridges 
Bridges bigger than 100m.

Notes and References 

 Bienes culturales protegidos en el sitio Mcu.es de lMinisterio de Cultura, consultado el 16 April 2011:

List of Books

Other websites 

 Lista de puentes espyearles en la web Puentemania
 Category: Bridges in Spain - Liste des plus hauts ponts d'Espagne
 Los Puentes del Guadalquivir  - Les ponts sur le Guadalquivir
 Cable-Stayed Bridges of Europe... and Beyond (Spain and Andorra)  - Liste de ponts à haubans d'Espagne et d'Andorre
 Suspension bridges of Spain - Liste de ponts suspendus d'Espagne
 Brücken in Spanien - Liste de ponts d'Espagne
 Autobahnbrücken in Andalusien, Spanien - Liste de ponts authoroutiers d'Espagne

Spain
Spain
bridges
Sir Alan Hodgkin, OM, KBE, PRS (Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, 5 February 1914 – 20 December 1998) was an English physiologist and biophysicist. He shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Andrew Huxley and John Eccles.

Alan Hodgkin, Andrew Huxley, and John Eccles (for his research on synapses) were jointly awarded the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane". In addition Hodgkin and Huxley's findings led them to suggest the existence of ion channels in cell membranes, which was confirmed decades later.

Hodgkin was knighted (KBE) in 1972 and appointed to the Order of Merit in 1973. From 1970 to 1975 he was President of the Royal Society.

References 

1914 births
1998 deaths
British biophysicists
British neuroscientists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Knights and Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Order of Merit
Presidents of the Royal Society
British physiologists
The 2014 shootings at Parliament Hill, Ottawa were shootings that took place on October 22, 2014 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. A gunman shot and killed a Canadian Army soldier, Nathan Cirillo, who was on ceremonial guard duty just outside the Canadian National War Memorial. Prime Minister Stephen Harper called the shootings a "terrorist attack."

Shootings
Earlier, witnesses saw a man dressed in blue jeans and a black jacket with a head scarf arrive at the National War Memorial in a car, carrying a double-barreled shotgun. The man fired two shots and fatally wounded Corporal Nathan Cirillo, a Canadian Army reservist soldier, who was standing guard at the Memorial. After the gunman shot Cirillo, he carjacked a vehicle and drove 600 meters to Parliament Hill. Cirillo was later rushed to the hospital where he was reported dead.

The gunman entered the Canadian Parliament buildings through the Centre Block just under the Peace Tower and shot a security guard in the leg. There were then around 20 and 30 gunshots exchanged between the gunman and security. The gunman ran down the Hall of Honor to the entrance of the Library, which is beside the office of Kevin Vickers, the Sergeant-at-Arms of the Canadian House of Commons. Vickers grabbed his handgun and went into the hall. He dropped to the ground and shot three times. The gunman was engaged by six officers. One of the shots fired by Constable Curtis Barrett hit the gunman in the head and killed him. 

Prime Minister Stephen Harper and New Democratic Party Leader Thomas Mulcair were both holding caucus meetings in rooms that were on both sides of the shooter's path. The Prime Minister and some of the MPs were escorted out of the building while some of the others had barricaded themselves behind doors.

The gunman was later identified as Michael Zehaf-Bibeau, a 32-year-old Canadian man, who had a criminal record and had recently converted to Islam. His passport had been seized by the Canadian government because he had been labeled as a 'high-risk traveller'.

References

2014 in Canada
Murder in 2014
Murder in Canada
Murders by firearm
October 2014 events
Ottawa
Terrorist incidents in the 2010s
Garland is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is near the Ray Hubbard lake. It is also near the town of Richardson.

Cities in Collin County, Texas
Settlements in Dallas County, Texas
The contras is the name given to the rebel groups that were active from 1979 through to the early 1990s. They were against the Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction government in Nicaragua. Among the separate contra groups, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN) emerged as the largest by far. In 1987, virtually all contra organizations were united, at least nominally, into the Nicaraguan Resistance.

From an early stage, the rebels received financial and military support from the U.S. government. President Ronald Reagan supported the group. After the U.S. support was banned by Congress, the Reagan administration secretly gave them money from profit they gained after selling weapons to Iran. These secret activities soon became known as the Iran–Contra affair.

Related pages
 Iran-Contra affair
 ISIS
 Communism
 Cold War

Other websites
Confessions of a Contra: How the CIA Masterminds the Nicaraguan Insurgency by The New Republic, 5 August 1985
"The Contras' Valley Forge: How I View the Nicaragua Crisis", by Enrique Bermúdez (with Michael Johns), Policy Review magazine, Summer 1988.
The Contras and U.S. Funding from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
U.S. Policy Towards the Contras from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives

History of Nicaragua
Cold War
Presidency of Ronald Reagan
Rebellions in North America
Wars involving the United States
20th century in North America
José Daniel Ortega Saavedra (; born November 11, 1945) is a Nicaraguan politician. He has been President of Nicaragua since 2007. He also served as President of Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990.

In November 2021, Daniel Ortega, was re-elected for a fourth five-year term with 75% of the vote, according to the first partial official results released by the Supreme Electoral Council.

References

Other websites

Office of the President 

1945 births
Living people
Presidents of Nicaragua
Current national leaders
Dictators
Marxism
Juan Bautista Sacasa Sacasa (21 December 1874 - 17 April 1946) was the President of Nicaragua from 1 January 1933 to 9 June 1936. He was the eldest son of Roberto Sacasa, 44th and 46th President of Nicaragua, and wife and cousin Ángela Sacasa Cuadra. He was a relative of Benjamín Sacasa, 67th President of Nicaragua.

References 

1874 births
1946 deaths
Presidents of Nicaragua
Vice Presidents of Nicaragua
Clara Isabel Alegría Vides (May 12, 1924 – January 25, 2017) was a Nicaraguan poet, essayist, novelist, and journalist. She was a major voice in the literature of contemporary Central America. She wrote under the pseudonym Claribel Alegría. She was awarded the 2006 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. Her first book, Anillo de Silencio (Ring of Silence) was published in 1948. She retired in 2003.

Alegría later lived in Managua, Nicaragua. She died on 25 January 2018, aged 93.

References

1924 births
2018 deaths
Journalists
Nicaraguan people
Novelists
Poets
Big Dreams & High Hopes is the fifth studio album by Jack Ingram. The album was released on August 25, 2009. It was his first new material in 2 years. It was produced by Big Machine Records. It debuted at #21 on Billboard's Top Country Albums Chart.

Critical reception
Allmusic reviewer Thom Jurek gave the album three-and-a-half stars out of five. He wrote "Big Dreams & High Hopes is the sound of contemporary country music and all of its tropes." He also said that most of the songs were well-written but not distinctive.

References 

2009 albums
From Paris with Love is a 2010 French action thriller movie. The movie is about an operative from the CIA who lives in Paris with his girlfriend. John Travolta plays Charlie Wax. Jonathan Rhys Meyers plays James Reese.

The reviews on the movie were mixed. This movie was released on February 5, 2010.

2010 thriller movies
2010s action thriller movies
English-language movies
French action movies
French thriller movies
British action movies
British thriller movies
American action thriller movies
Movies about terrorism
Movies set in Paris
Lionsgate movies
Movies directed by Pierre Morel
Sally Menke (December 17, 1953 – September 27, 2010) was an American movie and television editor. She was editor for all Quentin Tarantino movies before her death. She also edited documentaries for CBS. 

She was born in Mineola, New York. She died from heat stress in Los Angeles, California.

References

American movie producers
People from New York
1953 births
2010 deaths
Editors
The trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) is the largest species of swan. It is found in North America.

References
   

 

Anatidae
Birds of North America
Ghulam Azam (; 7 November 1922 – 23 October 2014) was the Ameer of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh until 2000. Azam hated the idea of independence of Bangladesh during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. Azam was convicted for war crimes in July 2013.

Azam died in Dhaka, Bangladesh from a stroke, aged 91.

References

1922 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Muslim terrorists
People from Dhaka
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Bengt Göran Lennart Johansson (31 August 1945 – 23 October 2014) was a Swedish politician. He was a member of the Swedish Social Democratic Party.

He was for many years, he served as the chairman (commissioner) of the Gothenburg Municipality Executive Board. With a working class background, he was a union leader at his workplace at SKF and later became the Social Democratic Party's "strong man" in Gothenburg. 

Johansson served as Mayor of Gothenberg from 1988 through 1991.

He was one of the best known politicians in Sweden. H has been voted as one of the most popular politicians. But he has also been criticized for an undemocratic leadership which has made several – especially female – politicians leave their assignments within the Social Democratic Party.

Johansson suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus, which caused his face to look swollen and red. He was nominated for the 2008 World Mayor award.

Johansson died on 23 October 2014 in Gothenburg Municipality at the age of 69.

References

Other websites
CityMayors profile

1945 births
2014 deaths
Swedish politicians
Mayors
are symbols or smiley faces often used in text messages on a mobile phone or computer. They come in all shapes and sizes and can mean many things depending on when and how it is used. There are emoji for objects, places, emotions and much more. Emojis are normally used when people text each other. Examples include 😃😞😆😷💩. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Shigetaka Kurita. Later on, people began to put emojis on webpages and they became very popular outside Japan when they were added to Apple's iOS and Google's Android software.

In November 2016, a conference about emoji was held in San Francisco, California.

References

Other websites

 Emojipedia — Home of Emoji Meanings

Internet slang
Japanese culture
A foundation is a kind of company set up to carry out charity or research work. A foundation is usually endowed, which means it is given a large sum of money to do its work.  Examples of foundations include the Rockefeller Foundation and the Wikimedia Foundation. The Rockefeller family made their money from banking and oil and their family foundation is endowed with a very great sum of money. The people running the foundation think of ways to use the money to help charities, the arts, or whatever they like.

Another example is the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Bill Gates made a fortune from Microsoft. He and his wife now spend nearly all their time giving away the money he has made. They give it to projects like education in the United States and treating AIDS in Third World countries.

Other websites

Companies
Roman Josi (born June 1, 1990) is a Swiss ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Josi played 106 games with the SC Bern of the National League A (NLA). He also played 3 games with HC Neuchâtel of the National League B (NLB).

He was drafted with the 38th overall pick by the Nashville Predators in the 2008 NHL Entry Draft. On May 28, 2010, the Predators signed Josi to a three-year entry-level contract. On November 26, 2011, Josi made his NHL debut in a 4-1 loss against the Detroit Red Wings. On December 10, 2011, he scored his first NHL goal against Dan Ellis of the Anaheim Ducks.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

All statistics taken from NHL.com

International

References

Other websites 
 

1990 births
American Hockey League players
Living people
Nashville Predators players
Swiss ice hockey players
People from Bern
Ice hockey defencemen
Habit in biology is about the shape or behaviour of animals and plants.

Botany
The way plants grow makes their shape of habit. This is the way we can tell trees apart even at a distance. The shape of a willow tree  or a poplar is very distinct. It is made during growth. Bacteria and fungi also have very distinct types of growth.

Trees are also examples of a life style when compared to shrubs and annual plants. To be a tree is to occupy a different space in the ecosystem from shrubs or climbers.

Zoology
In zoology, habit often refers to a specific behaviour of a species. For example:
 ...the [cat] was in the habit of springing upon the [door knocker] in order to gain admission...
 The spider monkey has an arboreal habit and rarely ventures onto the forest floor.
 The brittlestar has the habit of breaking off arms as a means of defence.

The 'mode of life' (or 'lifestyle') is sometimes referred to as the 'habit of an animal. Terms like motile or sessile, sedentary, free-living, parasitic, saprophyte, terrestrial, arboreal, aquatic,  pelagic, diurnal, nocturnal, are all modes of life or habits.

References

Biology
Jonas Hiller (born February 12, 1982) is a Swiss ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Anaheim Ducks, as well as HC Lausanne and HC Davos of the National League A (NLA).

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Hiller played 13 games for HC Lausanne and 3 seasons for HC Davos of the National League A (NLA). Hiller also won Switzerland's championship in 2002, 2005 and 2007, as well as the Spengler Cup in 2004 and 2006 with HC Davos. He was not drafted but he signed a contract with the Anaheim Ducks on May 25, 2007.

On September 30, 2007, Hiller made his NHL debut for the Anaheim Ducks defeating the Los Angeles Kings 4–1 in London, England. In his first season with the Ducks, Hiller recorded a 2.06 goals against average (GAA) and .926 save percentage in 23 games. On November 16, 2008, Hiller earned his first NHL shutout when the Ducks defeated the Los Angeles Kings 2–0.

Hiller was named as the Ducks starting goaltender for the 2009 NHL Playoffs. On April 16, 2009, he started in his first playoff and he recorded a shutout against the San Jose Sharks with 35 saves. The Ducks were able to eliminate the Sharks in six games but they were defeated by the Detroit Red Wings in seven games in the next round. On January 30, 2010, he signed a four-year extension with the Ducks going throughout the 2013–14 NHL season. In the 2012-13 NHL Season, Hiller was able to help the Ducks place 2nd overall in the Western Conference. In the 2013 Stanley Cup Playoffs, the Ducks were eliminated in the first round in a seven game series against the Detroit Red Wings for the second time in five years.

On July 1, 2014, Hiller decided to sign a two-year, $4.5 million per year contract as a free agent with the Calgary Flames.

References

Other websites 

1982 births
American Hockey League players
Anaheim Ducks players
Calgary Flames players
Living people
Swiss ice hockey players
Ice hockey goaltenders
Huskvarna Södra IS was established in 1930 and is a sports club in Huskvarna, Sweden. The club won the Swedish women's table tennis team championship in 1970 and 1972. The association football team played their home games at Hjärttorpsvallen near Tenhultsvägen. In 1987 the men's association football team merged with Husqvarna IF, leading to the establishment of Husqvarna FF.

The early 1970s saw the dawn of the club scoring women's association football successes., The team playing in the Swedish top division in 1978 and 1979.

References

Other websites
Huskvarna Södra IS table tennis section 

1930 establishments in Sweden
Swedish football clubs
Table tennis clubs in Sweden
Huskvarna
The Apalachee were a Native American people who historically lived in the Florida Panhandle.

History 
The Apalachee occupied the site of Velda Mound starting about 1450 CE. They had left the area before the Spanish came in the 17th century. They first saw Spanish explorers in the 16th century. This is when the Hernando de Soto expedition arrived. They lived between the Aucilla River and Ochlockonee River, at the head of Apalachee Bay. This was an area known to Europeans as the Apalachee Province. 

The Spaniards had created Catholic missions throughout their province by the early 1600s. The Apalachee were farmers and noted warriors. By 1655 there were eight towns, each with a mission. In addition to the Spanish, each town had an Apalachee population of between 6,000–8000. The British with their Creek allies often raided the Apalachee and Spanish towns. In 1703 a British army and hundreds of Creek warriors attacked the territory. The Apalachee were nearly destroyed. The survivors, who numbered about 1400, dispersed. Over time many Apalachee mixed in with other groups, particularly the Creek Confederacy. Others found protection with the French in what is now Alabama and Louisanna. About 300 descendants in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, claim an Apalachee identity today.

Language 
The Apalachee spoke a Muskogean language called Apalachee. The language is now extinct.

References

Other websites 
 The Apalachees of Northwest Florida
 Apalachee Before European Contact

Native American people
Sylvain Viau is a Canadian producer, executive producer, founder and head of Image Entertainment Corporation. His title is Chief Executive Officer and President. He is the co-creator of the Walter and Tandoori cartoon series. Viau lives in Montreal, Quebec.

Biography
Sylvain Viau has been the producer and executive producer of the Walter and Tandoori series. This includes the Walter & Tandoori's Christmas. His company has done a variety of co-production with Marathon Media in Paris. Viau is the executive producer of Totally Spies!, The Amazing Spiez!, Monster Buster Club, Team Galaxy and Martin Mystery. He served as a producer with Vincent Chalvon-Demersay and David Michel on The Amazing Spiez! and Monster Buster Club co-production Marathon and IEC television series. He was a co-producer on Totally Spies! co-production Marathon and IEC television series. In the Walter and Tandoori series he was a producer and executive producer. In the Walter's Christmas film he was a director and producer.

References

Canadian movie producers
Chief executives
Living people
Caltrops are spiked weapons used against men and horses since at least as early as Roman times. Later versions were designed to deflate automobile tires. They are a type of anti-personnel weapon, and anti-vehicular weapon. Japanese samurai used a similar weapon, the makibishi.

Iron caltrops were used as early as 331 BC at Gaugamela. They were known to the Romans as tribulus, meaning 'jagged iron'. They were used in the Battle of Carrhae in 51 BC.

The Roman writer Vegetius, discussed  scythed chariots in his De Re Militari:

In more modern times, they were used by both the Allies and Axis during World War II to puncture the tires of wheeled vehicles. Improvised caltrops, usually made of welded nails, have also been used occasionally by labor activists in the United States during strikes to destroy the tires of vehicles belonging to management and replacement workers. In the labor context, these devices are more often called jack rocks. A recent example of the use of jack rocks in labor disputes was in 2012, allegedly by two men on a picket line at an aluminum products plant in West Virginia.

References

Weapons
"El Himno de Riego" is the anthem of the second Spanish Republic. It was named for of Colonel Rafael Del Riego. It was composed by José Melchor Gomis.

English lyrics
Serene and happy, brave and daring,
Let us sing, soldiers, the battle hymn.
Our voices shall astonish the world
Which will see on us the children of the Cid.

Soldiers, the country calls us to the fight.
Let us swear for her to succeed or to die.

Never saw the world more noble daring,
Nor any day greater valor was shown,
Than that, inflamed, we showed at the fire
Awaken in Riego the love of his land.

Soldiers, the country calls us to the fight.
Let us swear for her to conquer or to die.

The war trumpet echoes to the winds;
Affrighting the greedy, the cannon now roars.
at Mars, wrathful provokes the audacity
And the ingenuity of our nation.

Soldiers, the country calls us to the fight.
Let us swear for her to succeed or to die.

National anthems
Meaning is a term in linguistics and philosophy. It is also a word in everyday life. The basic idea is this: meaning is the information which is sent by speech or messages. What that information is can be inferred by a listener or reader.

Meaning makes sense as part of a conversation between two or more people. The bits of a conversation, like questions and answers, suggestions and explanations, work to help the meaning get across. Requests and instructions are other types of communication which depend on meaning.

Although humans use language to carry meaning, non-verbal communication definitely has meaning. In fact it is far more ancient than human language, and interpreting its meaning is mostly done by the unconscious mind. Messages travel by scent and sight as well as sound. Humans do some of this as well as almost all animals. In humans, facial expressions and the sense of touch are very important. All these things have meaning.

Related pages 
Meaning of life
Semantics

Communication
Linguistics
Philosophy
Mbulaeni Tongai Mulaudzi (8 September 1980 – 24 October 2014) was a South African middle distance runner, and the 2009 world champion in the men's 800 metres. 

He carried the flag at the opening ceremony of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. He later won a silver medal for the 800m there. He was born in Muduluni, Transvaal Province. He became South Africa's first black athlete to be ranked number one in the world.

Mulaudzi died in a car crash on 24 October 2014 at the age of 34 in Mpumalanga.

References

1980 births
2014 deaths
Olympic silver medalists
Road accident deaths
South African sportspeople
The national flag of South Africa was adopted in April 1994. It was designed by Frederick Brownell in March 1994.

Appearance 
It has horizontal bands of red (on the top) and blue (on the bottom), It is separated by a central green band which splits into a horizontal "Y" shape.

History

References

South Africa
1994 establishments in South Africa
The Wikipedia Monument () is a statue designed by Armenian sculptor Mihran Hakobyan honoring Wikipedia contributors. It is located in Słubice, Poland. 

The fiber and resin sculpture cost about 50,000 złotys (about $14,000; 12,000 euros). It was funded by Słubice regional authorities. It was unveiled in Frankfurt Square (Plac Frankfurcki) on 22 October 2014 in a ceremony that included representatives from both local Wikimedia chapters and the Wikimedia Foundation.

Other websites

 Press release: First-ever Wikipedia Monument unveiled in Poland, Wikimedia Foundation

Wikipedia
Statues
Back to the Future Part II is a 1989 American science fiction movie directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Bob Gale. It is the second movie for the Back to the Future trilogy. It stars Michael J. Fox, Christopher Lloyd, Thomas F. Wilson and Lea Thompson.

Plot
At the end of the Back to the Future, 1985 Doc uses the time machine to travel thirty years in 2015. At the beginning, Doc comes back from the future to 1985 to take 17 year old Marty and his girlfriend Jennifer to 2015 to prevent a disaster with his son Marty Junior.  The problem with Marty Jr. is solved, but 17 year old Marty creates another problem that changes events in 1955.  They discover this when they go back to 1985.  The change in 1955 has turned 1985 into a bad world. Doc and Marty return to 1955 to undo the damage. At the end of the movie, the vehicle is struck by lighting and Doc is sent to 1885.

Cast
Michael J. Fox as Marty McFly, Marty McFly, Jr. and Marlene McFly
Christopher Lloyd as Dr. Emmett "Doc" Brown
Thomas F. Wilson as Biff Tannen and Griff
Lea Thompson as Lorraine Baines-McFly
Elisabeth Shue as Jennifer Parker
James Tolkan as Mr. Strickland
Jeffrey Weissman as George McFly
Flea as Douglas J. Needles
Crispin Glover as George McFly (archival footage)

Release dates

References

Other websites

1989 comedy movies
1980s adventure movies
1980s science fiction movies
1980s teen comedy movies
Alternate history movies
American sequel movies
Back to the Future movies

Movies set in the future
Universal Pictures movies
Movies directed by Robert Zemeckis
Movies about time travel
Back to the Future Part III is a 1990 American science fiction Western movie directed by Robert Zemeckis. It is the third and final movie for the Back to the Future trilogy. It stars Michael J. Fox, Christopher Lloyd, Mary Steenburgen, Thomas F. Wilson, Crispin Glover and Lea Thompson.

Plot
A lightning bolt sends 1985 Doc and the time machine from 1955 back to 1885. Marty finds the time machine where Doc hid it. He soon finds out that the Doc is shot by Buford 'Mad Dog' Tannen and goes back to 1885 to save Doc.

Cast
 Michael J. Fox as Marty McFly and Seamus McFly
 Christopher Lloyd as Dr. Emmett "Doc" Brown
 Mary Steenburgen as Clara Clayton
 Thomas F. Wilson as Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen and Biff Tannen
 Lea Thompson as Maggie McFly and Lorraine Baines-McFly
 James Tolkan as Marshal James Strickland
 Elisabeth Shue as Jennifer Parker
 Matt Clark as Chester the Bartender
 Flea as Douglas J. Needles
 Richard Dysart as Barbwire Salesman

Release dates

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 

1990 comedy movies
1990s adventure movies
1990 science fiction movies
1990s sequel movies
1990s teen comedy movies
American sequel movies
Back to the Future movies
Movies set in the 19th century
Universal Pictures movies
Movies directed by Robert Zemeckis
Movies about time travel
Thomas Francis "Tom" Wilson Jr. (born April 15, 1959) is an American actor, writer, musician, painter, voice-over artist, comedian, and podcaster. He played Biff Tannen, Griff Tannen and Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen in the Back to the Future trilogy, and Coach Ben Fredricks on NBC's Freaks and Geeks.

Animated television

References

Other websites
 
 Tom Wilson's Big Pop Fun
 Official blog
 
 
 
 
 Interview with Tom Wilson at Scene Missing Magazine

1959 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American painters
American screenwriters
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Zamora Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Zamora, Spain. It was built in the middle of the 12th century. King Alfonso VII of León and Castile sponsored the construction. The cathedral was built mostly in the Romanesque architectural style. It also has Byzantine influences. It is built on the Latin cross floor plan. Its last bell was built in 1805.

References

Other websites 
 Photos
 Monuments in Zamora, Spain: Catedral de Zamora 

Roman Catholic Cathedrals
Duke of Marlborough is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created by Queen Anne in 1702 for John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. The name of the dukedom refers to Marlborough in Wiltshire. It is the only current dukedom in the Peerages of England, Great Britain or the United Kingdom that can pass to a woman and through a woman. The family have long been involved with the politics of the day. They are also famous for their traditional home which is Blenheim Palace. This is the only non-royal palace in the United Kingdom. The family still live at the palace. The duke is entitled to the style of address of Your Grace.

List of Dukes

 John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. (1650–1722), soldier and statesman.
 Henrietta Godolphin, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough (1681–1733), eldest daughter of the 1st Duke, succeeded her father by Act of Parliament (1706).
 Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough (1706–1758).
 George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough (1739–1817), elder son of the 3rd Duke.
 George Spencer-Churchill, 5th Duke of Marlborough (1766–1840), elder son of the 4th Duke.
 George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough (1793–1857), eldest son of the 5th Duke.
 John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke (1822–1883), eldest son of the 6th Duke and paternal grandfather of Winston Churchill.
 George Charles Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke (1844–1892), eldest son of the 7th Duke.
 Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke (1871–1934), only son of the 8th Duke.
 John Albert William Spencer-Churchill, 10th Duke (1897–1972), elder son of the 9th Duke.
 John George Vanderbilt Henry Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke (1926–2014), elder son of the 10th Duke.
 Charles James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke (b. 1955), eldest surviving son of the 11th Duke.

The heir apparent to the Dukedom is George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford (b. 1992). He is the eldest son of the 12th Duke.

References 

English Dukes
Jeff Bagwell (born May 27, 1968) is a retired Major League Baseball player. He played for the Houston Astros. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

1968 births
Houston Astros players
Living people
National League All-Stars
Sportspeople from Boston, Massachusetts
Tha Doggfather is the second studio album by Snoop Doggy Dogg. The album sold two million copies. The singles released were "Snoop's Upside Your Head" and "Doggfather"

This album was released on November 12, 1996.

1996 albums
Snoop Dogg albums
The Korat is a natural breed of cat. It is also one of the oldest cat breeds. It first lived in Thailand. It is named after a province named "Korat" by the local people. The Korat is known as one of the "good luck cats".

Appearance 
The Korat is a blue-gray colour with a small to medium stocky or "cobby" body. It can be surprisingly heavy for its size. It is intelligent, active, playful and likes to be with people. It has a heart-shaped head and large green eyes.

The Korat's colour is actually a silver blue that looks like it is shimmering. The people of Thailand call the colour "rain-cloud gray," and the shimmer "sea foam." This cat has one coat of fur that is short. The roots of the fur are a lighter silver blue. The colour along the fur increases to deeper blue and the tips are silver, especially on the muzzle and toes. This is the only colour allowed for a Korat.  The eyes are large and peridot green in an adult cat. Kittens have amber or golden-green eyes which gradually change as they become adults, at two to four years.  

Korats may rarely have some white markings or spots, or even pale gray stripes. Sometimes these spots increase in size as the cat gets older.  These are flaws in the colour, and these cats are not allowed in cat shows. Even though the colour is wrong, they are still healthy cats.

History 
The first time the Korat breed was written about in books was in a poem written in Thailand, between 1350 and 1767 AD. The book is now in the national library in Bangkok. But the drawing of the Korat in this book did not have enough detail to positively say it is this breed. In more recent years, the Korat was pictured on a postage stamp in Thailand. 

A Korat cat first appeared in Britain with the name "Blue Siamese" in 1889 and 1896. But these solid blue cats did not meet the cat show standards for a Siamese cat, so they disappeared by 1901. 

In the United States, a Korat first appeared in the 1950s. In 1959, Cedar Glen cattery was the first to import a pair of Korats to the U.S. for breeding. They were a male named Nara and a female named Darra. In 1966, the Korat was first allowed to be shown for championship status, by a breeder from Maryland.

References

Other websites 
 
 Korat and Thai Registration policy 

Cat breeds
Guido Gezelle (1 May 1830 – 27 November 1899) was a Roman Catholic priest from Belgium. He was also a writer, translator and poet.

Gezelle was born and died in Bruges. He became priest in 1854.

Gezelle's parents were Pieter Jan Gezelle and Monica Devrieze. He was an uncle of the Flemish writer Stijn Streuvels.

Gezelle is still famous now for his translation of The Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

Bibliography 
Kerkhofblommen (1858)
Vlaemsche Dichtoefeningen (1858)
Kleengedichtjes (1860)
Gedichten, Gezangen en Gebeden (1862)
Longfellows Song of Hiawatha (translation, 1886)
Tijdkrans (1893)
Rijmsnoer (1897)
Laatste Verzen (1901)

1830 births
1899 deaths
Belgian poets
Belgian priests
Belgian Roman Catholics
Belgian writers
People from Bruges
Translators
Reyhaneh Jabari (Persian: ریحانه جباری c. 1988 - October 25, 2014) was a Iranian woman convicted of murdering a former intelligence officer, Morteza Abdolali Sarbandi, in Iran. She said she killed Sarbandi because he was sexually assaulting her.

She was in prison from 2007 until her execution by hanging in October 2014 for killing Sarbandi.  She published her story about what happened to her in prison. Her lawyer published her story in his blog.

Jabbari was executed by hanging on 25 October 2014 at dawn at the Gohardasht Prison, north of Karaj, aged 26.

References

1988 births
2014 deaths
Activists
Iranian writers
Murderers
People executed by hanging
Monsignor Lorenzo Albacete (January 7, 1941 – October 24, 2014) was an American theologian, Roman Catholic priest, scientist and author. A New York Times Magazine contributor, Albacete was one of the leaders in the United States for the international Catholic movement Communion and Liberation. He was the Chairman of the Board of Advisors of Crossroads Cultural Center. Albacete was born in Puerto Rico.

Albacete died in Yonkers, New York, aged 73.

References

1941 births
2014 deaths
Puerto Rican people
American theologians
American Roman Catholics
Scientists from New York
Writers from New York
John Symon Asher "Jack" Bruce (14 May 1943 – 25 October 2014) was a Scottish musician and composer. He was known as a founder member of the British psychedelic rock power trio, Cream, in the late 1960s.  Whilst in the band, Bruce played a fretless bass guitar.

Bruce died on 25 October 2014 from liver disease in Suffolk, England, aged 71.

References

Other websites

Original Smiles & Grins Jack Bruce Club 

1943 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from liver disease
Scottish rock musicians
Bassists
Hugo Carvana (4 June 1937 – 4 October 2014) was a Brazilian movie and television actor and director. He appeared in 65 movie since 1955. He was known for his roles in Entranced Earth and in Antonio das Mortes. He was also known for directing Casa da Mãe Joana.

Carvana died of an illness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, aged 77.

References

Other websites

1937 births
2014 deaths
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
People from Rio de Janeiro
Igor Mitoraj (March 26, 1944 – October 6, 2014) was a Polish artist. He was born in Oederan, Germany. Mitoraj studied painting at the Kraków Academy of Art under Tadeusz Kantor. 

After graduating, he had several exhibitions. He held his first solo exhibition in 1967 at the Krzysztofory Gallery in Poland. In 1968, he moved to Paris to continue his studies at the National School of Art.

Mitoraj worked with terracotta and bronze. In 1979, he began to use marble for most of his works. In 1983, he set up a studio in Pietrasanta. In 2006, he created the new bronze doors and a statue of John the Baptist for the basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Rome.

Mitoraj died in Paris, France, aged 70.

References

Other websites

1944 births
2014 deaths
Polish people
German artists
Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 – 21 August 1157), born Alfonso Raimúndez, he was called the Emperor (el Emperador). He was given rule in Galacia alongside his mother Urraca of León in 1107. Alfonso became the King of Galicia in 1111. He became King of León and Castile in 1126 after his mother's death. Alfonso adopted the style of Emperor in his charters. In 1135 in a ceremony at the court of Leon he was officially recognize as Emperor. He was the son of Urraca of León and Raymond of Burgundy. He was the first of the House of Burgundy to rule in the Iberian peninsula. During his rule Portugal declared independence, in 1128. It was recognized as being independent in 1143.

References 

Castile and León
Kings and queens
A creampie is a term used in pornography. It is when a man ejaculates semen into his partner's vagina or anus. Usually, the semen is then seen dripping out.

References

Pornography
Tagbilaran is the capital and main city of the Bohol province, in the Bohol island, Philippines. Because of the Tagbilaran Airport, the city is an important way for tourists to start trips through the rest of the island and neighboring islands.

The inhabitants of this city are known as tagbilaranons.

History

In 1565, a Spanish explorer named Miguel López de Legazpi came to Bohol looking for spices and gold. He made a peace pact with Datu Sikatuna in a place called Bool, now a district of Tagbilaran. This pact was signed with a blood pact between the two men.

On 9 February 1742, the Governor of the Visayas Francisco Antonio Calderon de la Barca separated Tagbilaran from Baclayon and made it a town with the name of San Jose de Tagbilaran and dedicated to St. Joseph the Worker. Since then, it was part of the province of Bohol and became officially a component city (a city that is part of a province) on 1 July 1966 by the Republic Act No. 4660.

Geography

Tagbilaran is in the southwestern part of the island of Bohol, in front of the smaller island of Panglao; between the two islands is the Tagbilaran Strait.

The city is  southeast of the national capital of Manila and  south of the regional capital, Cebu City.

It has a total area of , but the total land area, without the parts that are in the sea, is . The coastline is about  long.

There is a ridge (a long and narrow chain of small hills) with an average altitude of  that runs parallel to the coastline; at both ends of the ridge there are two hills: Elley Hill () in the north and Banat-I Hill () in the south.

Tagbilaran borders with the municipalities of Cortes (north), Corella (northeast) and Baclayon  (east). To the south is the Tagbilaran Strait and the Panglao island, and to the west is the Maribojoc Bay (part of the Cebu Strait).

With a population of 96,792, Tagbilaran has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Climate
Tagbilaran has, like the rest of the Philippines, a tropical climate. The average temperature is high and the humidity is also high. The dry and the wet seasons are very similar.

Administrative divisions
The city of Tagbilaran is divided into 15 barangays (like neighbourhoods).

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Bohol island
 Bohol province

Other websites

 City Government of Tagbilaran - official website

Cities in the Philippines
Panglao is a small island in the north Bohol Sea, in the Central Visayas Region of the Visayas island group, in the south-central Philippines.

The island is an important touristic place because of the beaches found here and the presence of coral reefs near the island.

Geography
The island of Panglao has an area of . The island had a population, as of 2010, of 68,051, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

The island is in the northern part of the Bohol Sea (or Mindanao Sea), to the southwest of the island of Bohol and to the east of the island of Cebu. Panglao is separated from the Bohol island by a narrow strait, the Tagbilaran Strait, and two bridges connect the island with the city of Tagbilaran.

There are several smaller islands close to Panglao, such as Gak-ang, Pontod, and Balicasag.

Panglao has a terrain that range from plain, hilly to mountainous, composed by a limestone that is soluble and that causes the formation of caves and sinkholes. One interesting geological feature of the island is the Hinagdanan Cave which has an underground water source; because there no rivers or lakes in the island, the cave is an important water source.

Biodiversity
During the works of the Panglao Marine Biodiversity Project, about 250 new species of crustaceans and 1,500-2,500 new species of mollusks were found in the waters of Panglao and Balicasag. The project found that Panglao alone has more marine biodiversity than Japan and the Mediterranean sea.

Because of this biodiversity, the island was proposed in 2006 as a World Heritage Site by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources of the Philippines.

Administrative divisions
The island of Panglao is within the Bohol province, and is divided into 2 municipalties and 22 barangays (like neighbourhoods).

Notes

References

Related pages
 Central Visayas
 Bohol island
 Bohol province

Other websites
 Panglao - Tourism informations
 Dauis - Tourism informations
 Panglao Island Diving

Islands of the Philippines
The Agout or Agoût () is a river in southwestern France, left tributary of the Tarn river. It flows through the Occitanie region.

Three communes have the name of the river in their names: La Salvetat-sur-Agout, Fraisse-sur-Agout and Vielmur-sur-Agout.

Geography
The Agout river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Lavaur in the Tarn department.

Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Lavaur (56 years)

Course
The source of the Agout is on the Monts d'Espinouse, in the southern Massif Central in the Parc Naturel Régional du Haut-Languedoc ("Regional Natural Park of High Languedoc"), in the commune of Cambon-et-Salvergues, Hérault department, at an altitude of about .

The Agout flows, in general, to the northwest and passes through the following regions, departments and communes:

 Occitanie region
 Hérault: La Salvetat-sur-Agout, Fraisse-sur-Agout
 Tarn: Brassac, Castelnau-de-Brassac, Coufouleux, Giroussens, Burlats, Lavaur, Castres, Rabastens, Saint-Sulpice

The Agout river flows through a total of 36 communes.

Finally, it flows, as a left tributary into the Tarn river at Saint-Sulpice, in the Tarn department, at  of altitude.

Main tributaries
The main tributaries, with a length greater than 30 km, of the Agout are:
 Left tributaries
 Durenque - 31.5 km; it joins the Agout in Castres.
 Thoré - 61.6 km;
 Sor - 60.8 km;
 Right tributaries
 Gijou - 50.1 km;
 Dadou - 115.8 km;

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

References

Other websites

 Banque Hydro - Station O4692550 - L'Agout à Lavaur (Synthèse) 
 Syndicat Mixte du Bassin de l'Agout 

Rivers of France
Occitanie
Ghostbusters II is a 1989 American supernatural fantasy comedy movie and the sequel to the 1984 movie Ghostbusters. It is produced and directed by Ivan Reitman.

It stars Bill Murray, Sigourney Weaver, Harold Ramis, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson, Annie Potts, Peter MacNicol, Wilhelm von Homburg and Rick Moranis.

It follows the further adventures of the four parapsychologists and their organization fighting paranormal activities. It was released on June 16, 1989. The movie earned $215 million at the Box office and received mixed reviews.

1989 comedy movies
1980s fantasy movies
1980s ghost movies
1980s monster movies
1980s sequel movies
American comedy movies
American fantasy movies
American ghost movies
American monster movies
American sequel movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Ivan Reitman
Movies set in New York City
Ghostbusters movies