cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
In physics, a physical system is any object or part of an object that can be analysed with the laws of physics. An atom or the water in a lake can both be considered as physical systems. Everything outside the system is called the environment, which in the analysis is ignored except for its effects on the system.

All matter and energy in the universe could be treated as one big physical system, but often it is much much easier to look at the universe a few particles at a time, and treat these particles as their own quantum systems. There are many many different physical systems that physicists like to study. Some examples are:
 the Earth's atmosphere
 a falling object
 a hydraulic pump
 the wing of an airplane
 a glass of water
 a crystal or other solids
 the nucleus of an atom
 fundamental particles like quarks.

Physical systems are different to conceptual systems, which study theoretical objects, ideas or concepts (such as the Turing machine).

Related pages 
 System
 Thermodynamic system

References 

System
Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In 2000, 49,597 people lived there. Its county seat is Lancaster.  Grant County also is in the tri-state area with Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin

Geography
The county has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  (3.1%) is water.

Cities, villages, and towns 

Bagley (village)
Beetown (town)
Bloomington (town)
Bloomington (village)
Blue River (village)
Boscobel (city)
Cassville (town)
Cassville (village)
Castle Rock (town)
Clifton (town)
Cuba City (partially) (city)
Dickeyville (village)
Ellenboro (town)
Fennimore (city)
Fennimore (town)
Glen Haven (town)
Harrison (town)
Hazel Green (town)
Hazel Green (partially) (village)
Hickory Grove (town)
Jamestown (town)
Lancaster (city)
Liberty (town)
Lima (town)
Little Grant (town)
Livingston (village)

Marion (town)
Millville (town)
Montfort (village)
Mount Hope (town)
Mount Hope (village)
Mount Ida (town)
Muscoda (town)
Muscoda (village)
North Lancaster (town)
Paris (town)
Patch Grove (town)
Patch Grove (village)
Platteville (town)
Platteville (city)
Potosi (town)
Potosi (village)
Smelser (town)
South Lancaster (town)
Tennyson (village)
Waterloo (town)
Watterstown (town)
Wingville (town)
Woodman (town)
Woodman (village)
Wyalusing (town)

Unincorporated communities

Annaton
Arthur
Beetown
Bigpatch
British Hollow
Brodtville
Buena Vista
Burton
Centerville
Cornelia
Diamond Grove
Ellenboro
Elmo
Fair Play

Five Points
Flora Fountain
Georgetown
Glen Haven
Hickory Grove
Homer
Hurricane
Kieler
Lancaster Junction
Louisburg
McCartney
Millville
Mount Ida
North Andover

Prairie Corners
Preston
Rockville
Rutledge
Saint Rose
Sandy Hook
Shady Dell
Sinsinawa
Stitzer
Union
Van Buren
Werley
Wyalusing

Ghost towns
Sinnipee

References

Other websites
Grant County official government website
Grant County Health and Demographic Data 

 
1837 establishments in Wisconsin Territory
In Roman mythology, the Parcae (singular, Parca) were the female personifications of destiny. They are often called the Fates in English. Their Greek equivalent were the Moirai. They controlled the "thread of life" of every mortal and immortal. Even the gods feared the Parcae. 

The  names of the three Parcae were:
 Nona (Greek equivalent Clotho), who spun the thread of life on her spindle;
 Decima (Greek Lachesis), who measured the thread of life;
 Morta (Greek Atropos), who cut the thread of life and chose the way a person would die.

The earliest known documents about these deities are three small stelae (cippi). They were found near ancient Lavinium shortly after World War II. They have the inscription:

Neuna fata, Neuna dono, Parca Maurtia dono

The names of two of the three Roman Parcae are recorded (Neuna = Nona, Maurtia = Morta) and connected to the concept of fata.

One of the sources for the Parcae is Metamorphoses by Ovid, II 654, V 532, VIII 452, XV 781.

Related pages
Norns, equivalent of the Fates in Norse mythology

References

Roman gods and goddesses
Kewaunee is a city in Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2010 census,  2,952 people lived there. The city is on the northwestern shore of Lake Michigan. It is the county seat of Kewaunee County.

Kewaunee is part of the Green Bay Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
The city has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  is water.

Notable people
 Terry Jorgensen, MLB player
 Thomas F. Konop, U.S. Representative
 Stan Kuick, NFL player
 Robert E. Minahan, Mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin
 Jack Novak, NFL player
 Alvin E. O'Konski, U.S. Representative
 Wenzel Wiesner, Mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin
 Colin Cochart, NFL player

Images

References

Other websites

 Kewaunee, Wisconsin website

Cities in Wisconsin
Kewaunee County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
Green Lake is a city in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2010 census, 960 people lived there. The city is on the north side of Big Green Lake. The city of Green Lake is the county seat for the county of Green Lake.

Geography
Green Lake is located at  (43.842675, -88.957813). It is about 30 minutes west of Fond du Lac.

The city has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  is water. Green Lake is the second deepest inland lake in Wisconsin. It is 239 feet deep at its deepest point. It is the deepest natural inland lake in the state.

Tourism
Green Lake is known for its fishing and recreational tourism during the summer months.

Green Lake is also home to several parks.
 Deacon Mills Park is at the Marina. It has a band shell, picnic facilities, and ice skating in the winter.
 Highknocker Park is in downtown Green lake. It has a baseball field.
 Friday Club Park is also located downtown. It has public tennis courts and a fishing area.
 Hattie Sherwood Park is on the north shore of the lake. It has a sand swimming beach, a pier, and a camping area.
 Sunset Park is on the east end of Green Lake. It has a boat launch, swimming beach, picnic area and pier.

The small town has many shops and restaurants.

Images

References

Other websites
Green Lake, Wisconsin city website
Green Lake Chamber of Commerce website

Cities in Wisconsin
Green Lake County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
Dodgeville is a city in Iowa County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2010 Census, 4,698 people lived there. It is the largest city in Iowa county and the 9th largest city within the Madison metropolitan area. It is also the county seat of Iowa County. Dodgeville is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area. New London, Minnesota

Dodgeville is one of Wisconsin's oldest cities. It is the sixth oldest European settlement in the state. At one time, it was the largest city in Wisconsin.

The city is twinned with Oakham, Rutland, United Kingdom.

Geography 
The city has a total area of . All of it is land.

History 
In 1827, Henry Dodge began what would become the city of Dodgeville. Dodge made a pact with the local Winnebago Indian leaders. The pact let him build a cabin and smelter. The first community was made up of three settlements: "Dodgeville", "Dirty Hollow" and "Minersville".

Dodgeville was named after Henry Dodge. It grew slowly during its early years. It became a village in the 1840s. Later a small "war" was fought with Mineral Point over which community should be the county seat of Iowa County. Mineral Point was the seat, but the people of Dodgeville felt they should be the county seat. It is said that people from Mineral Point fired a cannon at Dodgeville over this.  Dodgeville eventually  became the county seat. It is the site of the Iowa County seat in what is Wisconsin's oldest courthouse. Dodgeville then had its population grow very quickly. Many miners moved to the city from England. British and Cornish architecture can still be seen in the city today. Dodgeville became the largest city in Wisconsin.  This did not last long. The amount of mining grew smaller. Because of this,  quickly growing cities such as Milwaukee became larger than Dodgeville.

Government 
The foundations for the Iowa County Courthouse were laid in 1859. This makes it the oldest continuously active courthouse in the state.

Notable people 
 Glenn A. Abbey, U.S. diplomat
 Bill Dyke, former U.S. vice presidential candidate
 Homer Fieldhouse, landscape architect
 Archie Hahn, Gold medal Olympic sprinter in the 1904 and 1906 Olympics
 Steve Hilgenberg, Wisconsin State Assembly
 John "Weenie" Wilson, Hall of Fame football, basketball, and baseball coach

References

Other websites 
 Dodgeville Chamber of Commerce
 Iowa County Historical Society

Cities in Wisconsin
Iowa County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
1827 establishments in the United States
1820s establishments in Michigan Territory
Steam is an internet-based digital distribution, digital rights management, multiplayer and social networking program developed and distributed by Valve Corporation. Steam has its own store where the user can purchase video games and other software. It is available for Microsoft Windows, OS X and Linux. Steam also has an application with fewer functions for smartphones which is available for Android and iOS. Steam can also be used as a communication software, meaning that you can talk with people if they are your friends on Steam.

Popularity 
The Steam platform is considered to be one of the largest digital distribution platform for PC gaming, and was estimated by Screen Digest to have 75% of the market space in October 2013. In 2015, users purchasing titles through Steam or through Steam keys from third-party vendors totaling around $3.5 billion representing 15% of the global PC game sales for the year, based on estimations made by the tracking website Steam Spy. By the end of 2015, the service had over 125 million registered accounts, with 12.5 million concurrent users. The success of the Steam platform has led to the development of a line of Steam Machine micro-console, as well as SteamOS, an in-house fork of the Debian operating system. As of February 2015, Steam has over 125 million users.

References

Other websites

Software
The Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, BWV 1042 is a work for solo violin and orchestra. It was written by Johann Sebastian Bach about 1730. It consists of three movements (quick-slow-quick) in imitation of the pattern set by Antonio Vivaldi. The first movement is in quick 2/4 time and written in ritornello structure. The central movement is an aria "without wordslyrical, expressively warm, ever gentle, yet inescapably melancholic..." The last movement is a jig in 3/8 time marked Allegro. Like Bach's two other violin concertos, the solo instrument appears to both compete and cooperate with the orchestra.

References
 Woodstra, Chris, et al. 2005. All Music Guide to Classical Music.  All Media Guide, LLC. p. 74. .

Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach
Violin concertos
The Violin Concerto No. 5 in A major ("Turkish"), K. 219 is a work for solo violin and orchestra. It was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1775. He wrote five concertos for violin between April and December 1775. These were probably written for his own use as concertmaster of the Archbishop of Salzburg's orchestra. The five concertos are the only violin concertos he wrote.

The concerto begins with a quick Allegro aperto movement which is followed by a slow Adagio second movement. The third and final movement is a rondo in minuet tempo. "Turkish" music was popular at the time this concerto was written. The rondo's wild, frenzied contrasting section gives the concerto its nickname.

References

Compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Violin concertos
Lee Jung-hee (; , Yi Jeong-hee, born December 22, 1969 Seoul) is a South Korean human rights activist, politician, lawyer and feminist. She was a member of the 18th National Assembly of South Korea.

Life 
Lee was a graduate of Seomun Women's Middle School and Seomun Women's High School. Later, she studied at Seoul National University, Department of Law.

In 1996, Lee passed the 38th lawyers exam. She became more active in advocating freedom, human rights, women rights. In 2006, Lee joined the Democratic Labor Party. In 2008, she was elected to the 18th session of the Korean National Assembly.

In 2007 she joined the Democratic Labor Party.

In 2008, she was elected vice leader of the Democratic Labor Party and in 2009, leader of the Democratic Labor Party. In 2012, her participation was found to Integrate progressives Partys. That year, she was a candidate for South Korea's 18th presidential election. But she was defeated by Park Geun-hye.

References 
 Lee Jung-hee  
 Lee Jung-hee  

1969 births
Feminists
Lawyers
South Korean politicians
Human rights
Korean activists
Autobiographers
People from Seoul
Living people
Spun is a 2002 melodramatic crime comedy movie. It is about meth abuse and drug addiction. Brittany Murphy plays Nikki, John Leguizamo plays Spider Mike and Mena Suvari plays Cookie. This melodramatic comedy was rated NC-17 by the MPAA, although the rating was later surrendered. This movie got negative review from critics when it was released.

2002 crime movies
2000s criminal comedy movies
2000s crime drama movies
2002 comedy-drama movies
English-language movies
American criminal comedy movies
American crime drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American independent movies
The Opel Cascada is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel since 2013. The model is sold as the Vauxhall Cascada in the UK. 

Cascada
Front wheel drive vehicles
2010s automobiles
The Opel Adam is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel 2012-2019. It was named after its founder Adam Opel and is sold in the UK as a Vauxhall. It's known for having many personalisation options. Production ended in 2019 after a single generation. 

Adam
Front wheel drive vehicles
2010s automobiles
The Opel Mokka is a car from the German carmaker Opel since 2012. The Mokka is a subcompact crossover SUV, and rides on GM's Gamma platform, which is the same platform the Chevrolet Aveo/Sonic and Spark are built on. The Mokka is sold as the Buick Encore and Chevrolet Trax in North America and is sold as a Vauxhall in the UK. The Opel/Vauxhall versions were facelifted in 2016 and were renamed Mokka X. It entered its second generation in 2020 and is now called the Mokka again, it offers petrol, diesel and electric versions.   

Mokka
2010s automobiles
The Opel Antara is a compact CUV from the General Motors' German automaker Opel since 2006.  The Antara replaced the Opel Frontera a badge engineered version of the compact Isuzu Rodeo SUV. It was sold as the second generation Saturn Vue, as a fleet-only Chevrolet Captiva Sport in America, and as a Vauxhall model in the UK. The Vue was discontinued after Saturn went out of business. The Captiva Sport was discontinued upon the introduction of the Trax. The Antara is expected to be replaced with a rebadged Buick Envision and sold as Opel Antara B.

Antara
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
The Opel Insignia is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel since 2008. its available as a hatchback, saloon or an estate. Like many Opel models, it is sold as a Vauxhall in the United Kingdom. In the North American market it has sold as the Buick Regal since the 2011 model year as a sedan only. Insignia was originally intended to be the second generation Saturn Aura, but because GM stopped making the Saturn it was instead offered to Buick and was marketed as fifth generation Buick Regal. The model was facelifted in 2013 and as a 2014 model for the Buick. The second generation went go on sale in mid-2017 and a new version of the Buick Regal is also expected, it's also be sold in Australia as the Holden Commodore from early 2018 as Australian production of it stopped in October 2017. 

Insignia
Front wheel drive vehicles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
The Opel Vivaro is a car made by the German carmaker Opel since 2001. It is also sold as a Vauxhall in the UK where it is made in its factory in Luton.

Vivaro
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Opel Astra is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel since 1991. The name was first used by Vauxhall in 1980. It has been sold in the US under the Saturn (2007-2009) and Buick (2009-present) brand. Under Saturn it kept its original name, while under Buick it is sold as the Verano.

Versions

Other websites

1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Astra
Opel Meriva is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel since 2002. It is sold as the Vauxhall Meriva in the United Kingdom. It entered its second generation in 2010. It has rear hinged back doors. In 2017, the Meriva was replaced by a crossover model called the Crossland X.

Different versions

2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Meriva
Darlington is a city in Lafayette County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the  seat of the county. As of the 2010 census, 2,451 people lived there. The city is surrounded by the Town of Darlington.

History
The first white man’s home in the city of Darlington was a log house. It was owned by Jamison Hamilton in 1836. He laid out the village of Avon, or Centre, in 1847. Darlington was first organized in 1849, For a long time it was known as the town of Centre.

In 1857, the county seat was moved from Shullsburg to Darlington. The courthouse was moved to Darlington in 1861. In 1869, the town of Centre became known as Darlington. The name was changed because Joshua Darling bought the land in 1850.

The streets of the town were named after the wives of the planners and important men of the town. These names include Minerva, Mary, Harriet, Lucy, Louisa, and Cornelia. Minerva was the wife of the first president of the village. Mary was the wife of one of the first businessmen of Darlington. Cornelia was the wife of James M. Keep, one of the original founders of the community. He also helped Joshua Darling in buying the land.

Geography
The city has a total area of . All of it is land.

References

Other websites
 Darlington, Wisconsin city website

Cities in Wisconsin
Lafayette County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
1849 establishments in the United States
1840s establishments in Wisconsin
Phosphorescence is a process in which energy absorbed by a substance is released relatively slowly in the form of light. This is in some cases the mechanism used for "glow-in-the-dark" materials which are "charged" by exposure to light. Unlike the relatively swift reactions in a common fluorescent tube, phosphorescent materials used for these materials absorb the energy and "store" it for a longer time as the processes required to re-emit the light occur less often.

Light
Richland County is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of 2000, 17,924 people lived there. Its county seat is Richland Center.

Geography

The county has a total area of . Of this  is land and  (0.54%) is water.

Cities, villages, and towns
Akan
Bloom
Boaz
Buena Vista
Cazenovia
Dayton
Eagle
Forest
Henrietta
Ithaca
Lone Rock
Marshall
Orion
Richland Center
Richland
Richwood
Rockbridge
Sylvan
Viola (partial)
Westford
Willow
Yuba

Unincorporated communities
Ash Ridge
Aubrey
Balmoral
Basswood
Bear Valley
Bloom City
Bosstown
Buck Creek
Bunker Hill
Byrds Creek
Eagle Corners
Excelsior
Germantown
Gillingham
Gotham
Hub City
Ithaca
Jimtown
Keyesville
Loyd
Neptune
Nevels Corners
Rockbridge
Port Andrew
Sabin
Sand Prairie
Sextonville
Sylvan
Tavera
Tunnelville (partial)
Twin Bluffs
West Lima
Westport
Wild Rose
Woodstock

Ghost towns
Ashford
Corwin
Henrietta
McGrew
Mill Creek

Images

References

Other websites
 Richland County website
Richland County Health and Demographic Data 
History of Crawford and Richland Counties, Wisconsin

 
1850s establishments in Wisconsin
1850 establishments in the United States
Richland Center is a city in Richland County, Wisconsin, United States. It is the  county seat of Richland County. As of the 2010 census, 5,184 people lived there.

History
Richland Center was founded in 1851 by Ira Sherwin Hazeltine. Haseltine offered to give land to the county if Richland Center was voted the county seat. In 1852, the Wisconsin Legislature named Richland Center as the seat for Richland County. The Richland County courthouse was built in 1889.

In 1876, a railroad branch opened to connect Richland Center with the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad at Lone Rock, Wisconsin. This gave an outlet for the town's commerce.  On October 8, 1882, the town's railway depot was destroyed when a fire lit two kegs of gunpowder inside it. This caused an explosion that tore the roof from the building. Another depot was built in 1909. Today, it is a visitor center for the community.

Frank Lloyd Wright was born at Richland Center in 1867.

Geography
The city has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  is water.

Notable people
 Svetlana Alliluyeva, only daughter of Joseph Stalin
 Lynda Barry, cartoonist
 Bradie Ewing, NFL Football player
 Joshua L. Johns, U.S. Representative
 Gilbert L. Laws, U.S. Representative
 Vernon Wallace Thomson, Governor of Wisconsin
 Frank Lloyd Wright, architect
 Raymond Leo Burke, cardinal

References

Other websites
 City of Richland Center
 Richland Center Chamber of Commerce
 University of Wisconsin - Richland 
 Brewer Public Library 
 Richland Electric Cooperative

Cities in Wisconsin
Richland County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
1851 establishments in the United States
1850s establishments in Wisconsin
Sawyer County is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of 2000, 16,196 people lived there. Its county seat is Hayward.

History
The county is named for Philetus Sawyer. He was a Representative and Senator for Wisconsin in the 19th century.

Geography

The county has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  (6.95%) is water.

Cities, villages, and towns

Cities
Hayward

Villages
Couderay
Exeland
Radisson
Winter

Towns
Bass Lake
Couderay (town)
Draper
Edgewater
Hayward (town)
Hunter
Lenroot
Meadowbrook
Meteor
Ojibwa
Radisson (town)
Round Lake
Sand Lake
Spider Lake
Weirgor
Winter (town)

Unincorporated communities
Chief Lake
Draper
Edgewater
Hauer
Hay Stack Corner
Lemington
Little Round Lake
Loretta
Meteor
New Post
Northwoods Beach
Ojibwa
Oxbo
Phipps
Reserve
Seeley
Stone Lake (partial)
Weirgor
Wooddale
Yarnell

References

Other websites
Sawyer County
Chippewa Flowage Fishing Report

 
1880s establishments in Wisconsin
1885 establishments in the United States
Sheboygan County is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2010 census, 115,507 people lived there. Its county seat is Sheboygan. The whole county forms the Sheboygan, Wisconsin, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography 

The county has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  (59.59%) is water. A large part of the land in the county is used for farming.

Cities, villages, and towns 
Adell
Cascade
Cedar Grove
Elkhart Lake
Glenbeulah
Greenbush
Herman
Holland
Howards Grove
Johnsonville
Kohler
Lima
Lyndon
Mitchell
Mosel
Oostburg
Plymouth
Plymouth (town)
Random Lake
Rhine
Russell
Scott
Sheboygan
Sheboygan (town)
Sheboygan Falls
Sheboygan Falls (town)
Sherman
Waldo
Wilson

Unincorporated communities
Ada
Batavia
Beechwood
Cranberry Marsh
Edwards
Franklin
German Corners
Gibbsville
Gooseville
Greenbush
Haven
Hayen
Hingham
Hulls Crossing
Idlewood Beach
Johnsonville
Mosel
New Paris
Ourtown
Parnell
Rhine Center
St. Anna (partial)
Silver Creek

Images

References

Other websites
 Sheboygan County Government 
 Sheboygan County Chamber of Commerce

 
1838 establishments in the United States
1830s establishments in Michigan Territory
Sheboygan is a city in Wisconsin, United States. It is the county seat of Sheboygan County. As of the 2010 census, 49,288 people lived there. It is the main city of the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Sheboygan River. It is about  north of Milwaukee and  south of Green Bay.

Geography 
The city has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  is water.

History
Sheboygan was founded in 1846. By 1849, it was known for its German population.

Bratwurst
Sheboygan County is well known for its bratwurst. The Sheboygan Jaycees have an annual fund-raising festival called Bratwurst Days. Events include the Johnsonville World Bratwurst Eating Championship.

Sister cities
Sheboygan's sister cities are:
 Esslingen am Neckar, Germany
 Tsubame, Niigata, Japan

Awards and rankings
 Sheboygan was recognized by Reader's Digest as "The Best Place to Raise a Family" in the United States in 1995.

Notable natives and residents
Ray Buivid, American football player
The Chordettes, singing quartet
John Dittrich, NFL player
Joe Hauser, Major League Baseball player
John Michael Kohler, industrialist
Terry Jodok Kohler, industrialist
Walter J. Kohler, Jr., Governor of Wisconsin
Walter J. Kohler, Sr., Governor of Wisconsin
Wesley Lau, actor
Jackie Mason, comedian
George Sauer, Jr., NFL player
Carl Schuette, NFL player
E. E. Smith, science fiction author
Edward Voigt, U.S. Representative

Images

References

Other websites

City of Sheboygan 
Visit Sheboygan
Sheboygan County Chamber

Cities in Wisconsin
Sheboygan County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
1846 establishments in the United States
1840s establishments in Wisconsin Territory
Taylor County is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of 2010, 20,689 people lived there. Its county seat is Medford.

Geography

The county has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  (0.98%) is water.

Cities, villages, and towns

Unincorporated communities
Bellinger
Chelsea
Donald
Gad (partial)
Goodrich
Hannibal
Hughey
Interwald
Jump River
Little Black
Maplehurst
Murat
Perkinstown
Polley
Queenstown
Westboro
Whittlesey

References

Other websites
Reminiscences and Anecdotes of early Taylor County, Arthur J. Latton's early history, courtesy of the Wisconsin Historical Society.
Taylor County official website
Tannery, Dr. Loretta Kuse's page on early tanneries in Taylor County, with old photos.
Map of Taylor County, Wisconsin, a plat map of the county from around 1900, showing owners, homes, sawmills, schools and churches at the time, courtesy of the Wisconsin Historical Society.

 
1875 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Wisconsin
East China Normal University or ECNU, is a public research university in Shanghai. It is regarded as one of the most prestigious universities in China and is sponsored by the national programs "Project 211" and "Project 985".

References

Other websites 

Home Page  
Official Facebook page 
Campus Tour 
Global Education Center/International Students Office, ECNU  
NYU Shanghai  

Shanghai
Colleges and universities in the People's Republic of China
1951 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in China
On January 15, 2013, it was announced that horse meat was found in several meat products in England and Ireland.  The horse meat was discovered through DNA testing. In most cases, horse meat was used only as a filler, but in the United Kingdom, items labeled as beef were found to have as much as 100% horse meat. Later it was discovered that horse meat was being sold as beef all over Europe, and nearly every meat seller in Europe was affected. So far, no horse meat labeled as beef has been found outside Europe.

References

Horse meat scandal
Horses
Meat
21st century in the Republic of Ireland
Waseda University is a well known university in Japan. The main campus is in Shinjuku, Tokyo. It was founded in 1882. Waseda thirty-six departments: thirteen undergraduate schools and twenty-three graduate schools. As of May 2016, there were 42,860 undergraduate students and 8,269 graduate students.  It is called  in Japanese.

History
Ōkuma Shigenobu started this school in 1882. It started with departments of political science and economics, law, and physical science. There was also an English language course where all students could learn English.

Much of the campus was destroyed in the fire bombings of Tokyo during World War II, but the university was rebuilt and reopened by 1949.

Campus
 Campus  Station

Waseda University's main campus is in Nishi-Waseda, Shinjuku. The nearest station is Waseda Station, but nearby Takadanobaba Station on the Yamanote Line is the main access to the university.

Waseda also has other campuses around the country:
 Waseda (Main) Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Toyama Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Nishi-Waseda Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Nihonbashi Campus: Chūō-ku, Tokyo
 Higashifushimi Campus: Nishitōkyō, Tokyo
 Tokorozawa Campus: Tokorozawa, Saitama
 Honjō Campus: Honjō, Saitama
 Kitakyūshū Campus: Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka

Organization

Undergraduate Faculties and Departments

Graduate Faculties and Departments

Research Centers

Other Programs

Associations

F-Campus
This group of five universities in Tokyo started in 2001. Students from these universities may take courses at the other universities in the group. The members are:
 Gakushuin University
 Gakushuin Women's University
 Japan Womens University
 Rikkyo University
 Waseda University

International Associations
Waseda is a member of:
 Universitas 21
 Association of Pacific Rim Universities

People

Alumni
Many famous and influential people have graduated from Waseda including:
 Yasuo Fukuda
 Haruki Murakami
 Makiko Tanaka
 Shinichi Oishi - mathematician
 Tadashi Yanai
 Miori Shimosaka - professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.

Former Professors
 Ryogo Hirota

References

Related pages
 Waseda University Honjo Senior High School
 Waseda Shibuya Senior High School
 Waseda Jitsugyo
 Waseda University Go Club

Other websites

Waseda

 
Colleges and universities in Tokyo
1882 establishments
1880s establishments in Japan
Frederick Brennan Karl (May 14, 1924 – March 7, 2013) was an American politician, writer, and lawyer. He served in the Florida House of Representatives, Florida State Senate, and Florida Supreme Court.

Karl was born on May 14, 1924 in Daytona Beach, Florida. He studied at Seabreeze High School, at the University of Florida, and at Stetson University College of Law.

Karl was married to Faye Brooker Karl from 1948 until their divorce in June of 1971. They had four children. He married Mercedes Jensen Proctor in August of 1971.  Karl had suffered heart disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes. Karl died on March 7, 2013 from heart disease in his home in Tampa, Florida, aged 88.

References

Other websites

1924 births
2013 deaths
Lawyers from Florida
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
People from Daytona Beach, Florida
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Politicians from Florida
University of Florida alumni
US Democratic Party politicians
Writers from Florida
Jaime Bayly Letts (born February 19, 1965) is a Peruvian writer and journalist. He is known for hosting his own Spanish host show called Bayly. He is known for criticizing many politicians throughout the world. He won three Emmy Awards. 

Bayly was born on February 19, 1965 in Lima, Peru. He was raised in Lima and in Florida. He studied at Markham College, at Colegio San Agustín of Lima, and at Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Bayly was married to Sandra Masías from 1993 until they divorced in 1997. He married Silvia Nuñez del Arco in 2011. He now lives in Miami, Florida.

References

Other websites
 Jaime Bayly in NTN24 from Bogotá, Colombia - November 2009 

1965 births
Living people
Peruvian journalists
Television news anchors
People from Lima
Emmy Award winners
John Owen Brennan (born September 22, 1955) is an American politician. He was the Director of the National Counterterrorism Center from August 2004 through August 2005. Then he was United States Homeland Security Advisor from January 2009 through March 2013. He became the director of the Central Intelligence Agency on March 8, 2013.

Brennan was born on September 22, 1955 in North Bergen, New Jersey to an Irish-American family. He studied at Fordham University and at the University of Texas at Austin. Brennan is currently married to Kathy Pokluda. He now lives in Washington, D.C..

References

Other websites

 
 
  
 
 
 

 

1955 births
Living people
Chief executives
Directors of the Central Intelligence Agency
Politicians from New Jersey
Marvic Castelo Sotto, commonly known as Vic Sotto and Bossing, is a Filipino actor, TV host, comedian, and film producer. He is known for working for Eat Bulaga!.

Biography
He was born on April 28, 1954, to Marcelino Ojeda Sotto and Dr. Herminia Castelo. He went to at Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He is the brother of Marcelino Antonio "Maru" Sotto, Jr., Vicente "Tito" Sotto, and Valmar "Val" Sotto.

In 1982, Sotto, together with co-hosts in Eat Bulaga!, Richie D Horsie and Joey De Leon, were accused of rape by Pepsi Paloma, a 16-year old actress. The case was not filed in court after the three apologized publicly on national TV.

Sotto has done sitcoms and television shows on the three major networks in the Philippines, ABS-CBN, GMA Network and TV5. He has mostly done shows for GMA Network.

References

Other websites

Living people
Filipino actors
1954 births
Television presenters
People from Manila
ABS-CBN is a television network in the Philippines owned and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation. It is the country's largest and leading television network with an advertising revenues amounted to PHP17.5 billion for 2011. It was launched on 23 October 1953 and is among the first commercial television networks in Asia. Its headquarters is in Quezon City.

Related pages
GMA Network
Associated Broadcasting Company
TV5 Network, Inc.

Notes

References

Other websites
Official website

Philippine television networks
Quezon City
1953 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in the Philippines
James Lindenberg (December 20, 1921 – April 28, 2009) is an American entrepreneur. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He is called "The Father of Philippine Television" for founding the Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC).

References

1921 births
2009 deaths
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
The Price is Right was an Australian television game show. It aired in various forms from 1981 to 2012. It was based on the American game show of the same name.

Gameplay

Like the American version, people used their shopping skills to correctly guess the price of products. Some products were household items such as toothpaste. Others were expensive prizes such as trips and cars. Unique to the Australian version were two elements:
The two Showcase Showdown winners played the "Showcase Playoff." Here, they tried to guess the price of the Showcase to the dollar. At the start, the prizes in the showcase were shown. Then, the players would be given a $100 range (for example, if the Showcase price was $35,591, they would be given a range of $35,500 to $35,600). The two players bid back and forth until one correctly guessed the price of the showcase. For each incorrect guess, the host said if the guess was higher or lower than the actual price.
The winner of the Showcase Playoff moved to the Showcase. They had to order the prizes from least expensive to most expensive. If they had the prizes in the correct order, they won the showcase.

Starting in 2004, the Showcase was sometimes known as the "Mega Showcase." The showcase would be worth between $500,000 and $600,000. Before the price of the last prize was shown, the player would be offered a cash value of $1,000-$50,000 to quit if they wanted to. On 3 March 2005, a $664,667 showcase was won. At the time, this was the biggest win in the history of the The Price is Right franchise.

Show history
The show began as The New Price is Right in 1981, where it was hosted by Ian Turpie. He hosted from 1981 to 1986, and again when the show was revived in 1989. From 1981 to 1986, the show aired on Seven Network. When it came back in 1989, it aired on Network Ten. When the show came back in 1993, Larry Edmur became the host. He hosted three versions from 1993 to 2012. The first two versions, one from 1993 to 1998 and the second from 2003 to 2005, aired on Nine Network. The most recent version aired in 2012 on Seven Network.

Television game shows
English-language television programs
Valenzuela is a city in the Philippines. It is made up of 35 barangays.

Cities in the Philippines
Metro Manila
Stephen Hillenburg (August 21, 1961 – November 26, 2018) was an American marine biologist, animator, writer, producer, actor, voice actor, and director. He was best known for creating the Nickelodeon animated series SpongeBob SquarePants.

Hillenburg was born in Lawton, Oklahoma at a United States Army base. He was raised in Anaheim, California. He studied at Humboldt State University where he majored in marine biology and minored in arts. Hillenburg was inspired by Jacques Cousteau and Max Fleischer. Hillenburg had a wife named Karen Umland (now named Karen Hillenburg), which he married till his death.

In March 2017, Hillenburg was diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) which is a terminal illness that affects the nervous system. He died from heart failure as a complication of the disease on November 26, 2018 in San Marino, California at the age of 57.

References

1961 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in California
American animators
American television producers
American television writers
American television actors
American voice actors
American television directors
American biologists
People from Lawton, Oklahoma
Actors from Oklahoma
Scientists from Oklahoma
Writers from Oklahoma
People from Anaheim, California
Actors from California
Scientists from California
Writers from California
Marine biologists
Late Show with David Letterman was an American late-night talk show. It was hosted by David Letterman. It was on CBS. The show was on the air from August 30, 1993 until May 20, 2015. The show has won many Emmy Awards and TCA Awards.

The band of the show, known as the "CBS Orchestra," was led by Paul Shaffer, who before joining the Late Show was on the TV show Saturday Night Live. The announcer was Bill Wendell from 1993 until he retired in 1995. Alan Kalter started announcing in 1995 and did so until the show ended. The show has had many guests including political figures, athletes, writers, actors, directors/producers, and singers.

There were many well-known episodes such when President Barack Obama was interviewed. Madonna cursed many times during an interview on the show. That episode was one of the most censored episodes in American television history. During David Letterman's birthday, actress Drew Barrymore jumped on Letterman's desk and showed him her breasts.

On April 3, 2014, Letterman announced that he would leave the show in 2015. The last episode of the show aired on May 20, 2015. The Late Show with Stephen Colbert came after this, with Stephen Colbert as host. That show's first episode was on September 8, 2015.

References

Other websites

1993 American television series debuts
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American comedy television series
American television talk shows
CBS network shows
Emmy Award winning programs
English-language television programs
Daniel Kingsley “Dan” Povenmire (born September 18, 1963) is an American TV director, writer, TV producer, storyboard artist and actor. He is best known as the co-creator of the Disney animated series Phineas and Ferb.

References

Other websites
Dan Povenmire on YouTube

1963 births
Living people
Actors from San Diego, California
Writers from San Diego, California
American animators
American television directors
American television writers
American television producers
American voice actors
Paul Allen Wood Shaffer (born November 28, 1949) is a Canadian-American musician, actor, author, composer, entertainer, and comedian. He is known being the composer for the CBS Orchestra and being the sidekick of David Letterman on the Late Show with David Letterman.

Shaffer was born on November 28, 1949 in Toronto, and raised in Fort William (now part of Thunder Bay), Ontario, Canada, to a Jewish family. He studied at the University of Toronto. Shaffer married Cathy Vasapoli in 1990. They have two children. He now lives in New York City, New York.

References

Other websites

Paul Shaffer Bio at CBS – Late Show
Late Show UK fansite

Paul Shaffer at NNDB

1949 births
Living people
Canadian voice actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian musical entertainers
Canadian comedians
Canadian writers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American television personalities
American voice actors
American television actors
American musical entertainers 
Comedians from New York City
Writers from New York City
American composers
Actors from Ontario
People from Thunder Bay
A personal injury lawyer is a lawyer who provides services to people that claim to have been injured, badly treated or exposed to unnecessary danger by another person, company or organization, and want to get compensation for the injuries that they suffered as a result. Injury may be to a person's body, mental health, property, or reputation. The lawyer may have special knowledge of health, work and safety laws that relate to the injured person's claim.

This type of claim is a civil legal matter, a type of tort involving a dispute between two or more people. The lawyerwill represent the client by trying to negotiate a settlement of the injury claim, through which an agreed amount of compensation is given to the injured party to resolve their claim.

The lawyer may file a lawsuit on behalf of the injured person. If the case does not settle after a lawsuit is filed, the injury claim will be decided by a court. If the court finds that the injured person suffered a wrongful injury, the court may order the person who caused the injury to pay compensation.

Each country has its own rules and exams that you need to pass to be allowed to work as a lawyer.

Car Accident Lawyer: Every Car Accident Lawyer, Who is also a Personal Injury Lawyer suggests some DO’s and Don’t after a Car accident. These are the requirements that help any Car Accident Lawyer to help you better. Some times In a Car accident injuries may be severe and emotions high.

References

Law occupations
Chinua Achebe (born Albert Chinụalụmọgụ Achebe, 16 November 1930 – 22 March 2013) was a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic. He was best known for writing the novel Things Fall Apart which was first printed in 1958. It is the most widely read book in modern African literature. Achebe went to Nigeria's first university, University College. Achebe wrote his first short story, "In a Village Church," at university.

Life 
Achebe was an Igbo man. The Igbo are one of the biggest tribes in Nigeria. His parents were Christians. They gave him the English name Albert. His full Igbo name is "Chinualumogu," which means "may God fight on my behalf."

University 
Achebe went to University College in Ibadan to study medicine on a scholarship, but then decided to study English, history, and theology after reading a book written by a white man that made Nigerians and Africans look bad. He wanted to tell the world stories that did not make Africans look bad. Because he switched his field of study, he lost his scholarship.

Writing style 
Achebe's writing style is based on how the Igbo tell stories orally (by word of mouth). The Igbo did not write down their stories before Europeans came to Africa. His stories use a lot of folk tales, songs, and proverbs. The characters in his book also make long speeches.

Use of the English language 
Many other African writers criticized Achebe for writing in English instead of in an African language. They said that by using the colonizer's language, he was spreading neo-colonial ideas that were preventing progress in Africa.

Achebe said that writing in English let everyone in Nigeria read in one language. Before colonization, the different tribes spoke different languages. He also said that writing in English allowed for people in other countries read his stories. However, he says that there are many African concepts and words that cannot be fully expressed in English.

Achebe wrote in English but used it in ways that reflected an African style.

Themes 
Themes are the ideas or topics that are present in a story.

Culture and colonialism 
In his writing, Achebe talks about African culture and the effects of European colonization on African societies.

Masculinity and Femininity 
Achebe's stories also talk about gender roles.

Influence 
Achebe has influenced many other modern African writers. He got a lot of awards for his stories. Even to this day, people still talk about him and the stories he wrote.

References

1930 births
2013 deaths
Nigerian writers
The birthday cake is part of birthday celebrations in European countries since 19th century. The tradition of adding candles to the top of a birthday cake comes from Germany. Some forms of birthday cakes and such celebrating goes as far as to ancient Rome. Often good wishes are written on the cake using sugar or chocolate. Since long times birthday cakes were a sign of wealth, but since a century they became easily accessible to all parts of society. Around the world many types of the birthday cake are used often looking more like candies and combined sweets. Before the cake is eaten, the person whose birthday it is should make a wish, blow out the candles in one try - this would guarantee that the wish will come true.

References

Gallery 

Cakes
Birthdays
WikiPilipinas was an online, free content website. It is a combination "non-academic encyclopedia", web portal, directory and almanac for Philippine-based knowledge. It mostly contains various articles on Philippine-related topics. It was known before as Wikipiniana.

Other websites
Official website

Free encyclopedias
MediaWiki websites
2007 establishments
An almanac is a type of reference that is published yearly. It includes information about weather forecasts, farmers' planting dates and tide tables. Information about astronomy are also found in almanacs, such as the times of the rising and setting of the sun and moon, eclipses, hours of full tide, stated festivals of churches, terms of courts, lists of all types, timelines, sports, and more.

Reference works
Isurus is the mako shark or mackeral shark. It is a genus of fast-swimming sharks, the Lamnidae. It is in fact the fastest-swimming shark. This is in the same family as the great white shark. Isurus ranges in length from , and can grow to about . The genus has a long fossil history.

There are two living species in this genus: the common shortfin mako shark and the rare longfin mako shark.

Shortfin mako shark
The shortfin mako shark, as the name suggests, has smaller pectoral fins to the Longfin mako shark. The shortfin mako shark also has smaller eyes. It is smaller than the Longfin mako shark, reaching a maximum length of 3.8 metres, but weighs more, with the heaviest shortfin mako shark found weighing 506 kg (1116 pounds).  

The shortfin mako has a wide distribution, being found in tropical and temperate waters throughout the world's oceans. It is a true pelagic species, but it inhabits the cooler, deeper water of tropical regions. The shortfin mako shark has been recorded at depths of up to 740 metres.  

The shortfin mako is the fastest species of shark known, reaching speeds of up to 32 km/h (20 mph),  and with bursts of up to . Its great speed helps it to capture other fast swimming animals on which it preys. The shortfin mako shark feeds on pelagic fish such as swordfish, tunas, and other sharks, as well as squid.   The shortfin mako holds the record for the longest distance travel: about  in 37 days. This is an average of about  per day. 

Shortfin mako often leap in sets of three. The third leap is usually the highest. It can reach as high as  above the surface. This high-leaping fish is a highly sought-after game fish worldwide. There are cases when an angry shortfin jumped into a boat after it was hooked.

Longfin mako shark
The longfin mako shark has longer pectoral fins and larger eyes than the shortfin shark. It is longer than the shortfin, reaching a maximum length of 4.2 metres. However, it weighs less than the shortfin, weighing up to only 70 kg (154 pounds).

The longfin mako is a pelagic species, and is found in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Ocean. It is common in the western Atlantic and central Pacific, but elsewhere it is rare. It is thought to be a bottom-dwelling shark, living in tropical and warm temperate waters, but this is uncertain.

Not a lot is known about the Longfin mako shark's feeding habits, but it is thought to feed on schooling fish and pelagic cephalopods.

References

Sharks