cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Imelda Marcos (born Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez on July 2, 1929) is a Filipino government person and widow of 10th Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos. Her nicknames are Steel Butterfly and Iron Butterfly.

She is remembered both for her husband's presidential time, and because of her collection of 1,060 pairs of shoes. In 2001, Imelda opened the Marikina City Footwear Museum in the shoe-making district of Manila. The museum includes hundreds of her own shoes.

On 9 November 2018, Marcos was convicted and sentenced to 77 years in prison on corruption charges in a court proceeding that lasted twenty-seven years.

First lady
More than five years after her husband became president, he stopped elections and gained more control. He stopped all that challenged him by scaring them. Imelda also gained power and became a government person up to 1986 when her husband's president time ended after the people removed him from power using peaceful actions.

Later life
They went to Hawaii and her husband died there. Imelda came back five years later to try to become president but lost. Later, she tried other government jobs and won in two areas as a member representing them in the Philippines law-making building. Imelda has represented three areas (Manila, Leyte, Ilocos Norte) in the Philippines law-making building.

Sources

1929 births
Living people
Filipino politicians
Filipino Roman Catholics
First Ladies and First Gentlemen of the Philippines
Government ministers
People from Manila
Goodbye Lullaby is the fourth studio album by Canadian Avril Lavigne. It was released on March 2, 2011 through RCA Records. Her first single off the album was "What the Hell" which was released on January 10, 2011. The second single, "Smile", was released on April 11, 2011. The album is a lot more personal and softer than her three previous albums, Let Go, Under My Skin and The Best Damn Thing.

References

Avril Lavigne albums
2011 albums
Nathaniel "Nat" Turner (October 2, 1800 – November 11, 1831) was an American slave and Christian preacher.

He believed God gave him visions. When he was 21 years old, Nat Turner escaped from his master Samuel Turner following in his father's footsteps  and hid in the woods. 30 days later he had a vision telling him to "return  Turner thought an eclipse in February 1831 was a sign from God to plan a slave rebellion. The rebellion happened in Southampton County, Virginia on August 21, 1831. He wasn’t that far from the North Carolina border. Seventy black people took part. Some of these people were free, and others were slaves. After Turner and his fellow slaves killed his master and his family, they took their horses, firearms, hatchets and knives; and continued on with their liberation. 

The Governor had scheduled about three thousand militiamen to stop the rebellion. The violent rebellion lasted two days until soldiers finally ended it, but Turner escaped. He hid for 6 weeks to avoid being killed.  He was found on October 30. Turner was executed on November 11 by hanging. He was skinned. At least 55 white people were killed in the rebellion. The state executed 55 people, but acquitted a few. 200 black people were killed by groups of white people. Slaves as far away as North Carolina were said to be connected with the rebellion. Many were tried and executed. Because of the rebellion, new laws were made in Virginia. People could not bring black people together to teach them how to read and write. Nat Turner was an American Hero

References

Slaves
People from Virginia
1800 births
1831 deaths
American Baptists
American abolitionists
American people convicted of murder
American revolutionaries
Executed American people
People executed by hanging
Slave rebellions
Royal Rumble (2011) was the twenty-fourth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on January 30, 2011 at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. As always, the Royal Rumble match winner, Alberto Del Rio got a main event match at WrestleMania XXVII for his choice at either the WWE Championship or the World Heavyweight Championship.

Six professional wrestling matches were on the event's supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event. The main event was the 40-man Royal Rumble match instead of the original 30-man match which featured wrestlers from both brands.

Matches

Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations
Red ██ and "Raw" indicates a Raw wrestler, blue ██ and "SD" indicates a Smackdown wrestler and gold ██ and "FA" indicates a free agent entrant. A new entrant came out every 90 seconds.

Other websites

Royal Rumble
2011 in professional wrestling
2011 in American television
2010s in Boston, Massachusetts
January 2011 events

pl:Royal Rumble (2011)
Princess Royal is a title often given by the reigning British King or Queen to his or her eldest daughter. The title is a gift of the monarch, unlike Prince of Wales which is always given to the eldest son

There can only be one Princess Royal at a time, so Elizabeth II never held the title because her aunt, Princess Mary was already called Princess Royal.

List of Princesses Royal

The following is a full list of women officially called  "Princess Royal":

Princess Louisa Maria (1692–1712), the last daughter of King James II (d. 1701), was born after he lost his crown in the Glorious Revolution.  She was given the title of Princess Royal during James's exile at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and was so called by Jacobites, even though she was never even James's eldest living daughter.

Eldest daughters of English sovereigns 

Before Charles II in 1660 started using the title of Princess Royal, the eldest daughters of the King of England had a special status.  The Magna Carta made the Barons to pay for the eldest daughter's wedding, and later sleeping with her was made High Treason, punishable by death - a law only changed in 1998

List of Eldest daughters of English sovereigns

References

 
Princes and princesses
Common Sense is a pamphlet (short book) written by Thomas Paine.  It was first published on January 10, 1776.  Paine wrote the pamphlet to change the minds of people who wanted to peacefully settle their differences with the British government to fight for independence instead. 

The pamphlet said that the British government and other European monarchies were tyrannical, meaning they did not acknowledge the rights of people. Pained called the pamphlet Common Sense because he wrote that it was against common sense for an island to rule a larger nation.  Therefore, the colonies should overthrow the British government.

The pamphlet was one of the bestselling works of the 18th century in America.  Thomas Paine wrote in a style that was easy for most people to understand, instead of the hard to understand writing common in the Enlightenment Era.  He also referenced the Bible and used idioms that many of the Protestant colonists understood.

The document was an important part of the American Revolutionary War.  It lead to the Declaration of Independence, which the Second Continental Congress wrote and signed into law later that year.  Common Sense helped by creating mass suppor.
and it was published in 1776

American Revolutionary War
1776
1770s works
Oleh Fedorovych "Oleg" Tverdovsky (; born May 18, 1976), was a Ukrainian-Russian  professional ice hockey defenceman that played for Salavat Yulaev Ufa of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He also played for the Los Angeles Kings, Carolina Hurricanes, New Jersey Devils, Phoenix Coyotes, Winnipeg Jets, and Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the National Hockey League (NHL).

Awards and achievements
1996–97 NHL All-Star
2002–03 NHL Stanley Cup  (New Jersey Devils)
2005–06 NHL Stanley Cup  (Carolina Hurricanes)
2007–08 RSL Champion of Russia (Salavat Yulaev Ufa)

Career statistics

International play

Played for Russia in:

1994 -World Junior Championships (Bronze Medal)
1996 -World Championships
1996 -World Cup of Hockey
2001 -World Championships
2002 -Winter Olympics (bronze medal)
2004 -World Championships
2004 -World Cup of Hockey
2009 -World Championships (Gold Medal)
2010 -Winter Olympics (*reserve)

International statistics

References

Other websites

1976 births
American Hockey League players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Carolina Hurricanes players
Living people
Los Angeles Kings players
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
New Jersey Devils players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Russian ice hockey players
Stanley Cup champions
Olympic bronze medalists
Ukrainian ice hockey players
Winnipeg Jets (1979–96) players
Ice hockey defencemen
Carlos Irwin Estévez (born September 3, 1965), better known by his stage name Charlie Sheen, is an American actor in movies and television. He starred in television show Two and a Half Men. Sheen had a cameo appearance in Ferris Bueller's Day Off. In 2010, Sheen was the highest paid actor on television and earned US$1.8 million per episode of Two and a Half Men.

Personal life

Family and relationships
Sheen has been married three times. He has five children. His first daughter, Cassandra Jade Estevez, was born on December 12, 1984. Her mother is his former high school girlfriend, Paula Profit.

In January 1990, Sheen accidentally shot his fiancee, Kelly Preston, in the arm. She broke off the engagement soon after.

In the 1990s, Sheen dated a number of adult movie actresses, including Ginger Lynn and Heather Hunter.

On September 3, 1995, Sheen married Donna Peele. That same year, Sheen was named as one of the clients of an escort agency run by Heidi Fleiss. Sheen and Peele divorced in 1996.

On June 15, 2002, Sheen married actress Denise Richards. They have two daughters, Sam and Lola Sheen. In March 2005, Richards filed for divorce.  She accused Sheen of alcohol and drug abuse and threats of violence. 

On May 30, 2008, Sheen married Brooke Mueller. She later gave birth to their twin sons, Bob and Max. In November 2010, Sheen filed for divorce. On March 1, 2011, police removed Bob and Max from Sheen's home. 

On March 1, 2011, Sheen was living with two women, pornographic actress Rachel Oberlin and model and graphic designer Natalie Kenly. He called them his "goddesses". Oberlin left Sheen in April 2011. Kenly left in June 2011.

Substance abuse and legal issues
On May 20, 1998, Sheen overdosed while using cocaine. He was hospitalized. Sheen was already on probation in California for a previous drug offense. His probation was extended for an extra year. He entered a rehab clinic. In a 2004 interview, Sheen said that the overdose was caused by his experimentation with injecting cocaine.

On December 25, 2009, Sheen was arrested for assaulting his wife, Brooke Mueller in Aspen, Colorado. He was released the same day from jail after posting an $8,500 bond. Sheen was sentenced to 30 days in a drug rehab center, 30 days of probation, and 36 hours of anger management.

On October 26, 2010, the police removed Sheen from his suite at the Plaza Hotel after he reportedly caused $7,000 in damage. According to the NYPD, Sheen said he was drinking and using cocaine on that night. He was released after entering a hospital for observation.

Health
On November 16, 2015, it was revealed that Sheen would make a formal announcement through a television interview that he is officially HIV-positive. He said he was diagnosed four years earlier.

Filmography

Movies

Television

References

Other websites

Charlie Sheen's Twitter

1965 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American people convicted of assault
American television actors
American voice actors
People with HIV/AIDS
Republicans (United States)
The Stuarts who claimed the thrones of England, Scotland, Ireland and France after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 were:  

When Henry died, the succession passed to a different house, and none of the Jacobite heirs since has claimed the thrones of England or Scotland or put the arms of England and Scotland in their coats-of-arms.

House of Savoy 

House of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia was a descendant of  Charles I through his youngest daughter Henrietta Anne. Her daughter Anne Marie of Orléans married Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, and Charles IV was great-grandson of Queen Anne Marie in the male line.

House of Austria-Este

House of Wittelsbach

Future descent after the Duke of Bavaria
The heir presumptive of Franz, Duke of Bavaria, is his younger brother
 Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria.  Then his daughter
 Sophie, Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein,  and then her eldest son
 Prince Joseph Wenzel of Liechtenstein, born 24 May 1995 in London.  The first heir in the Jacobite line born in the British Isles since James III and VIII, The Old Pretender in 1688.

References

British monarchy
Jacobitism
House of Savoy
House of Wittelsbach
Chevrolet Suburban is a fully sized SUV from Chevrolet. This vehicle was first produced around 1935, longer than any other car still being made.  It was first made as a station wagon, and was later made as an SUV.  Up until the eleventh generation, the Chevrolet Suburban was based on the Chevrolet Silverado pick-up truck.  For a number of years, the Suburban was the largest SUV made in America. There was also a GMC Suburban, although GMC's version was later rebranded the GMC Yukon XL in 2000. From 1998 to 2001 a right-hand drive version was made in Mexico and sold in Australia and New Zealand by Holden using the Suburban name, but was not a best seller and was withdrawn afterwards.

Since its inception, there has been twelve generations of Suburbans, the latest introduced in December 2020 and went on sale in May 2020 as a 2021 model.

Suburban
The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. 

Members of the family were rulers of Bavaria, either as Dukes, Electors or Kings, from 1180 until the revolution in 1918, after the defeat of Germany in World War I.

Other land, controlled by other branches of the family include

Wittelsbachs also ruled as

Kings and Queens in Germany
Kings and Queens of Denmark
Kings and Queens of Norway
Hungarian people
Greek people
Holy Roman Emperors
Wittelsbach
The Dodge Caravan is an American minivan manufactured by FCA US, LLC. and sold by Dodge. The Caravan was introduced around 1983, and Grand Caravan was introduced around 1987. The original Caravan was dropped after the 2007 model year and replaced by the Dodge Journey. Grand Caravan has been redesigned many times through the years. Chrysler announced that 2015 would be the last model year for the Grand Caravan, as part of the plan to refocus Dodge as a performance brand. However the Grand Caravan made a come for a later successor.

1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Dodge automobiles
Kathleen Mary "Kathy" Griffin (born November 4, 1960) is an American actress, stand-up comedian and television writer and producer. She is also an LGBT rights advocate. She hosted her own talk show, Kathy. From 2007 until 2016, she presented the New Year's Eve celebrations from New York City for CNN along with Anderson Cooper.

Early life
Griffin was born on November 4, 1960, in Oak Park, Illinois.  Her parents are John and Margaret Griffin.  She was raised in an Irish American, Roman Catholic household.  The youngest child in her family, she has three older brothers and one older sister.

Influences
Griffin has cited comediennes such as Joan Rivers and Phyllis Diller as influences throughout her career.

Career
Griffin is a Grammy Award and Emmy Award-winning comedienne.  She is known for shows such as My Life on the D-List.  She holds a Guinness World Record for the most comedy TV specials.

2017 Donald Trump controversy
On May 30, 2017, Griffin was pictured holding a false head in the image of President American Donald Trump that was covered in blood.  Because of this, she lost several sponsorship deals and was fired from CNN's New Year's Eve program.  Well-known photographer Tyler Shields was in charge of the photo shoot.

As Executive Producer and star of the series, Kathy Griffin accepted the Emmy won by the show. Her remarks upon receiving the award were: “Now, look, a lot of people come up here and they thank Jesus for this award. I want you to know that no one had less to do with this award than Jesus. He didn’t help me a bit. If it was up to him, Cesar Millan would be up here with that damn dog. So all I can say is suck it Jesus, this award is my God now”:

Health
In August 2021, Griffin announced that she had been diagnosed with lung cancer and needed to have half of her left lung removed.

References 

1960 births
Living people
Actors from Chicago
American LGBT rights activists
American movie actors
American television producers
American television talk show hosts
American television writers
Comedians from Chicago
People from Oak Park, Illinois
Writers from Chicago
People with cancer
Juliette Lewis (born June 21, 1973) is an American actress and singer. She gained fame for her role in the 1991 thriller Cape Fear. She was nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe. This followed with major roles in What's Eating Gilbert Grape, Natural Born Killers, The Evening Star, and From Dusk Till Dawn. Her work in television has earned her two Emmy nominations.

She was the lead singer of rock band "Juliette and the Licks". Her father was actor Geoffrey Lewis.

Other websites
 Juliette Lewis's website

1973 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American rock singers
American television actors
Singers from Los Angeles
Candida is a genus or grouping of yeasts. Yeasts are a type of fungus. This group of fungi are the most common cause of fungus infections in the world. Most people have or are exposed to this group of fungus but are not sick. If a person is weak because of another illness, this fungus can cause disease. Candida albicans is the most common kind of Candida. Infection with this fungus is called candidiasis or thrush. Other species in this group can be found in the human gut.

People can get a blood infection from this fungus.

Medicines called antibiotics do not cure yeast infections.  In fact, an antibiotic can make a Candida infection worse. Women can get a Candida infection in their vagina.  Men can also get a Candida infection in their genital area. If a person takes antibiotics for a long time, they have a greater chance of having a Candida infection.  People with diabetes or HIV are more likely to get a yeast infection.

Role as a pathogen

This fungus is can be grown in a lab. Candida looks like large, round, white or cream circles that smell like bread. Candida can be found on almost all healthy skin.  Dry skin has less fungus. Small numbers of this fungus are found in other areas of the body.  These are the nose, throat and lungs; the digestive system and the vagina. This is normal.

When this fungus causes disease in the mouth it is called thrush (oropharyngeal candidiasis). When this fungus causes disease in the female reproductive organs it is called vaginal candidiasis or just 'yeast infection'. Thrush is common in people who wear dentures.

Treatment 
In people without other illness, a candida infection can be cured with skin ointment or medicine that can be swallowed.  Skin medications can be bought over-the-counter without a doctor's prescription. In people who are already sick, candidiasis can become a very serious illness.  It can cause abscess, thrombophlebitis, heart infection (endocarditis.  It can cause infections of the eyes or other organs.  Candida infection can get into the body through cuts in the skin.

Species 
Other medically important Candida species are C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. dubliniensis.

 C. albicans
 C. ascalaphidarum
 C. amphixiae
 C. antarctica
 C. argentea
 C. atlantica
 C. atmosphaerica
 C. auris
 C. blattae
 C. bracarensis
 C. bromeliacearum
 C. carpophila
 C. carvajalis
 C. cerambycidarum
 C. chauliodes
 C. corydali
 C. dosseyi
 C. dubliniensis
 C. ergatensis
 C. fructus
 C. glabrata
 C. fermentati
 C. guilliermondii
 C. haemulonii
 C. humilis
 C. insectamens
 C. insectorum
 C. intermedia
 C. jeffresii
 C. kefyr
 C. keroseneae
 C. krusei
 C. lusitaniae
 C. lyxosophila
 C. maltosa
 C. marina
 C. membranifaciens
 C. mogii
 C. oleophila
 C. oregonensis
 C. parapsilosis
 C. quercitrusa
 C. rhizophoriensis
 C. rugosa
 C. sake
 C. sharkiensis
 C. shehatea
 C. temnochilae
 C. tenuis
 C. theae
 C. tolerans
 C. tropicalis
 C. tsuchiyae
 C. sinolaborantium
 C. sojae
 C. subhashii
 C. viswanathii
 C. utilis
 C. ubatubensis
 C. zemplinina

References

Other websites 
 

Fungi
Charles Edward Stuart (Prince Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart, 31 December 1720 - 31 January 1788) is better known as Bonnie Prince Charlie or as 'The Young Pretender'.

Bonnie Prince Charlie was the Jacobite pretender to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland. This claim was as the eldest son of James Francis Edward Stuart, and grandson of James II and VII.

Charles is perhaps best known as the leading the unsuccessful Jacobite uprising of 1745. He led a rebellion which ended in a heavy defeat at the Battle of Culloden. That ended the Jacobite cause. Charles's escape from Scotland after the uprising made him a romantic figure of heroic failure. The Skye Boat Song remembers him.

He lived, and died, in Rome, where his father had been given a home by Clement XI.

References 

1720 births
1788 deaths
House of Stuart
Jacobite pretenders
People from Rome
Cam Plante (born March 12, 1964 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman.  He was drafted in the seventh round, 128th overall, by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft.  He played two games in the National Hockey League with the Maple Leafs in the 1984–85 season.

Plante holds the Western Hockey League record for points in a season by a defenceman.  He scored 140 points as a member of the Brandon Wheat Kings in the 1983–84 WHL season. He finished his playing career with the Wichita Thunder of the CHL, having returned to North America following four seasons on the United Kingdom. Most of that time was spent with the Peterborough Pirates, but also encompassed short spells with the Chelmsford Chieftains and Humberside Hawks. He is the father of current Florida Panthers prospect Tyler Plante and current Edmonton Oilers prospect Alex Plante.

Other websites

1964 births
American Hockey League players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Living people
Toronto Maple Leafs players
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Colonial Hockey League players
Tyler Plante (born May 17, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender currently with the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League.

Playing career
Tyler was drafted by the Florida Panthers in the second round, 32nd overall, in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft. Tyler gained NHL attention playing for the Brandon Wheat Kings of the Western Hockey League and earning the Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy as the top rookie of the WHL in the 2004–05 season. After three full seasons with the Wheat Kings Plante was signed by the Panthers to a three-year entry level contract on June 1, 2007. Since then, he has spent most of his playing time with the Florida Panthers AHL affiliate, the Rochester Americans.

He was recalled up to Florida for a pre-season game at the start of the 2008–09 NHL season, but did not get any playing time and started the season in Rochester. After a lackluster start with the Americans, he was demoted to the ECHL, and spent time with the Dayton Bombers. After spending over two months with the Bombers, he was called back up to Rochester, where he currently plays.

Plante was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and raised in Brandon, Manitoba. Plante was born in while his father Cam was a member of the Milwaukee Admirals. His brother Alex Plante was a first round draft pick of the Edmonton Oilers.

Career statistics

References

Other websites

1987 births
American Hockey League players
American ice hockey players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
ECHL players
Living people
Sportspeople from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Swedish Hockey League players
Ringkøbing is a town in Ringkøbing-Skjern municipality in Region Midtjylland on the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark.

As of 1 January 2010, 9,850 people live in the town.

Archeologists believe that the town was started in the 13th century.

References

Towns in Europe
Sargon II (, "legitimate king", reigned 722 – 705 BC) was an Assyrian king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC.  Shalmaneser V died in 722 BC. From then on, Sargon II was the only ruler of Assyria.  It is not clear if he was the son of Tiglath-Pileser III or a usurper unrelated to the royal family. In his inscriptions, he styles himself as a new man and rarely talks about his predecessors. He nevertheless took the name Sharru-kinu ("true king"), after Sargon of Akkad — who had founded the first Semitic Empire in the region about 16 centuries earlier. Sargon is the Biblical form of the name.

References

Assyrian people
8th century BC births
705 BC deaths
Biłgoraj is a town in south-eastern Poland. Since 1999, it has been a part of the Lublin Voivodeship; it was previously a part of the Zamość Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located 90 km south of Lublin and it is also the capital of Biłgoraj County.

In 2006, 27,225 people lived in Biłgoraj.

Towns in Poland
Bryce Chad Salvador (born February 11, 1976 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman that played for the New Jersey Devils of the NHL. He also played for the St. Louis Blues. Salvador was drafted in the sixth round, 138th overall by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft.

Career statistics

Other websites

1976 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Lethbridge Hurricanes players
Living people
New Jersey Devils players
St. Louis Blues players
Lewis and Harris in the Outer Hebrides make up the largest island in Scotland. This is the largest single island of the British Isles after Great Britain and Ireland.

The northern part of the island is called Lewis, the southern is Harris and both are frequently referred to as if they were separate islands. The boundary between Lewis and Harris is formed by a line with Loch Resort on the west and Loch Seaforth on the east. The main town is Stornoway in Lewis.

The island does not have a common name in either English or Scottish Gaelic and is referred to as 'Lewis and Harris'. Until 1975, Lewis belonged to the county of Ross and Cromarty and Harris to Inverness-shire. The entire island group now belongs to the Western Isles Council.

The island is the ancestral homeland of the Highland Clan MacLeod, and the Clan Morrison.

References 

Inner and Outer Hebrides
The station wagon, or estate, is a variant of sedan. The difference between station wagons and regular sedans is that the station wagon has no trunk, plus the roofs are extended backwards over a shared passenger or cargo volume with access in the back. 

Station wagons have been mostly replaced by minivans/MPVs, SUVs, and crossovers.

Other websites 

Automobile body styles

fr:Type de carrosserie#Break
Chuck Scherza (February 15, 1923 – March 16, 2014) is a former professional ice hockey player who played 11 seasons in the American Hockey League, winning a Calder Cup championship in 1949. He was born in Brandon, Manitoba.

Awards and achievements
Calder Cup (AHL) Championship (1949)
"Honoured Member" of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame

References

Other websites

1923 births
2014 deaths
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Living people
New York Rangers players
Servant of God is a title given to individuals by different religions, but in general the phrase is used to describe a person believed to be pious in his or her faith tradition. In the Catholic Church, it designates someone who is being investigated by the Church for possibly being recognized as a saint. In the Eastern Orthodox churches, this term is used to refer to any Eastern Orthodox Christian.

The Arabic name Abdullah عبد الله, the Hebrew name Obadiah עובדיה and the German name Gottschalk literally mean "servant of God".

Roman Catholicism
"Servant of God" is the title given to a deceased person of the Catholic Church whose life and works are being investigated in consideration for official recognition by the Pope and the Catholic Church as a saint in Heaven.
The process for canonization is under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

The title "Servant of God" () should not be confused with Servus Servorum Dei (Servant of the Servants of God), one of the titles of the Pope.

Receiving  the title Servant of God is the first of the four steps in the canonization process. The next step is being declared Venerable, upon a decree of heroicity or martyrdom by the honored. This is followed by beatification, with the title of Blessed, after the confirmation of miracles attributed to the honored.  The final step is canonization, where the honored would receive the title of Saint.

References

Roman Catholicism
The Venerable is used as a style in several Christian churches. It is also the common English-language translation of a number of Buddhist titles.

Roman Catholic

In the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, The Venerable, is the style used for a person who has been posthumously declared "heroic in virtue" during the investigation and process leading to possible canonization as a saint.  Before a person is  considered to be venerable, he or she must be declared as such by a proclamation, approved by the Pope, of having lived a life that was "heroic in virtue" – the virtues being the Theological Virtues of faith, hope, and charity and the Cardinal Virtues of prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance.  The next step is beatification, at which point the person is referred to as The Blessed, and finally canonization, at which point the person is referred to as Saint. Two modern and well-known examples of those who have been declared venerable are Popes John Paul II and Pius XII, who were both declared venerable by Pope Benedict XVI in December 2009, and who are likely to be beatified soon.

The 7-8th-century English monk St. Bede was referred to as being venerable soon after his death and, by tradition, is therefore often referred to as "the Venerable Bede" despite his also having been canonized.  St Bede was the first person to be recorded as The Venerable.
Margaret "Jane" Pauley is a news anchor and reporter. She hosted NBC Today between 1976 and 1989 and Dateline NBC starting in 1992 and ending in 2003. Pauley was born 31 October 1950 in Indianapolis.

1950 births
Living people
People from Indiana
American journalists
American television presenters
The Port of Gladstone is a seaport in Gladstone, Queensland.  It exports the fourth largest amount of coal of any seaport in the world.

The port has several different parts to it. Auckland Point was where coal began to be exported in 1925.
Later, live horses were moved there in the mid 1930s. Barney Point was used to export coal from Moura. Barney Point was made part of the Port of Gladstone in November 1998.

The Fisherman’s Landing part was opened in 1980. It was expanded in the 1990s and is planned to be expanded more. Boyne Wharf is used by the Boyne Island aluminium smelter and was opened in August 1982. The South Trees part of the port have been used by Queensland Alumina Limited, an aluminum company. The RG Tanna Coal Terminal was opened in 1997 and is used to export coking coal to Japanese steel mills.

References

Queensland
Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 or 1468 Belmonte – c. 1520 Santarém) was a Portuguese nobleman, navigator and explorer who was the first European to see Brazil (on 22 April 1500).

King Manuel I of Portugal sent Cabral on an expedition to India. 
Cabral sailed on 9 March 1500, with 13 ships, following the route of Vasco da Gama. 
On 22 April 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for the Portuguese Crown and naming it the "Island of the True Cross." 
King Manuel I renamed this land "Holy Cross"; it was later renamed once again, to "Brazil", after a kind of wood found there, called pau-brasil. 

Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India, in a dangerous trip with storms, and he suffered the destruction of some ships at the Cape of Good Hope, and fighting against Muslim traders in Calicut, India (50 men of Cabral were killed in this attack). 

Cabral successfully traded for spices in Cochin, now called Kozhikode, India (in early January, 1501). 

Cabral returned to Portugal on 23 June 1501, with only 5 of the original 13 ships, carrying a big load of spices.

After this journey, King Manuel I appointed Vasco da Gama to head the next expedition (1502) because Cabral refused to command another expedition to India.

Cabral retired to his properties in Santarém. He died in c. 1520 and was buried in a monastery in Santarém, Portugal.
Toyota Sequoia is a large SUV made by Toyota. The production of the Sequoia began during 2000. This sport utility vehicle is among the largest vehicles from Toyota. It can seat around seven or eight passengers.

2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Sequoia
Mandaue City Central School is the oldest school in Mandaue, in Cebu, Philippines. It is an elementary school. The school occupies an area of more than . It belongs to the Central District council. For several decades, Mandaue City Central School stood as the only school in the Central District until three schools were established sometime in the 1990s. The first building, the Gabaldon Building, was built in 1904 which is still in use.

Other websites
Mandaue City Central School  official website

Education in the Philippines
The Honda Odyssey is a minivan that has been made by Honda since 1994. From 1994 to 1999, it was also sold as the Isuzu Oasis. A larger version of the minivan has been available since 1999 in North America. It was redesigned in 2005 and 2011. The 2015 model was awarded the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's top rated pick because of its collision avoidance system.

Honda automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
The short-faced bear or bulldog bear (Arctodus) is an extinct genus of bear endemic to North America during the Pleistocene era about 1.8 million years ago (mya) to 11,000 years ago. At that time, Arctodus simus may have been one of the largest mammals that lived on land and ate meat.

Arctodus simus first appeared during the middle Pleistocene in North America, about 800,000 years ago. It became extinct about 11,600 years ago.

Habitat 
The short-faced bear lived in many parts of North America, ranging from Alaska to Mississippi.
 However, it lived mostly in southern areas, from northern Texas to New Jersey in the east; Aguascalientes, Mexico to the southwest; and with large concentrations in Florida. 

The oldest short-faced bear fossils are from the Santa Fe River 1 paleontological sites in Gilchrist County, Florida.

Fossils 
Archaeologists first found fossils of the short-faced bear in the Potter Creek Cave in Shasta County, California. This animal might have been the largest carnivorous land mammal that ever lived in North America. 

Archaeologists have found only one giant short-faced bear skeleton, in Indiana. It is famous because it was the biggest most-nearly complete skeleton of a giant short-faced bear ever found in America. The original bones are in Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History.  

A recent study estimated the weight of six short-faced bear specimens. The largest was . This suggested that the bear was probably bigger than scientists had thought. When it was standing on its hind (back) legs, the bear was  tall.

Behavior 
One theory is that the short-faced bear was an active predator, attacking bison directly. Another theory is that it let faster predators make the kill, then bullied them off the carcass. This would mean it was a scavenger.

References 

Ursidaes
Negative feedback is a basic concept of cybernetics; it is the basis of regulation and control. It is important in engineering and physiology. In biology and physiology negative feedback is known as homeostasis.

Negative feedback occurs when the output of a system acts to oppose changes to the input of a system. This has the result that the changes are made less, and the system kept within limits. The classic example is a central heating system which cuts off when a (suitably placed) temperature sensor hits a pre-set mark. The negative feedback part is the thermostat.

Homeostasis 
Virtually all aspect of living systems involve homeostasis, and disease follows when any of these systems fail. Examples: blood pressure, glucose level, liver functions, cell division, and so on.

Homeostasis  was defined by Claude Bernard and later by Walter Bradford Cannon in 1926, 1929 and 1932 is the property of a system, either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition. The concept came from that of milieu interieur which was created by Claude Bernard and published in 1865. 
  
If the overall feedback of the system is negative, then the system will tend to be stable.

References 

Engineering
Physiology
Systems theory
Events
 February 13 Burial of Edward the Martyr at Most Holy Mother of God Church in Wareham, Dorset
Vorarlberg (Vorarlbergian: Vorarlbearg, Voralbärg, or Voraadelbearg) is the westernmost federal state in Austria. The capital is Bregenz. The biggest cities are Feldkirch and Dornbirn. As of 2016, there were about 384,000 people.

It is the only province in Austria that does not speak Austro-Bavarian.  Instead they speak an Alemannic dialect. This makes it more in common with its Alemannic-speaking neighbors Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Swabia than with Bavaria and the rest of Austria.

The highest mountain is Piz Buin.  The main rivers in Vorarlberg are the Ill, the Bregenzer Ach and the Dornbirner Ach.

78% of the population is Roman Catholic.  The second most follow Islam which has a share of 8.4%.

Vorarlberg is divided into four large districts.  They are Bregenz, Dornbirn, Feldkirch and Bludenz.

On land, Vorarlberg has borders with Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany. The respextive states are the Swiss cantons of St.Gallen and Graubünden, and the German state of Bavaria. Lake Constance is special, there are no borders apart fro the borders on land. Legally, all the states that share this lake, also have a common border. That way, Vorarlberg also has a common border with the German state of Baden-Württemberg, and the Swiss canton of Thurgau.
Princess of Wales () is a royal title used in the United Kingdom. It is held by the wife of the Prince of Wales. It has been used since the first English Prince of Wales, in 1283.

There have been only ten Princesses of Wales, even though there have been a lot more than ten male heirs to the throne. The majority of Princes of Wales married after acceding to the throne as King. A number of other Princes of Wales died too young to marry.

The second wife of the present Prince of Wales, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, is the current Princess of Wales, but does not use the title, out of respect for her husband's first wife, the late Diana, Princess of Wales.

The princess is usually entitled to the style of Her Highness.

References
Princesses of Wales by Deborah Fisher. University of Wales Press, 2005.
 'Tystiolaeth Garth Celyn' Y Traethodydd 1998,

More reading
Chevrolet Volt is an American plug-in hybrid car. The car was first produced in 2011  and is manufactured by Chevrolet division of General Motors. This vehicle travels 25 to 50 miles (38 miles average) on electric power alone. After the battery is depleted, it switches to the extended range mode.
In the United States, the car has a suggested price of $34,185, but qualifies for a $7500 tax credit.  It can carry up to four people (including the driver).

Design 
The Volt has 16.5 KWh of lithium batteries and a 1.4 liter engine using premium fuel.  The batteries have enough power to drive the car normally (it can go from 0 to 60 mph in 9 seconds).  While the batteries have power, the car is like an electric car.

When the batteries run out of charge, they can be recharged from a special electrical outlet, or the car can turn on the gas engine.  The gas engine and electric motors combine in a special type of transmission called a planetary gear, like the Toyota Prius.  This allows the gas engine to drive the car or to change its power to electricity.  The electricity can charge the battery or power the electric motor.

Fuel efficiency
How much gas is used depends on how the car is driven and when the batteries are recharged.  It is possible to only use electric power and never use gasoline.  The EPA estimates the average person will get 98 miles per gallon (including the equivalent cost of electricity).

Recharging 
The batteries can be recharged in 10 to 16 hours using a 120V charging unit (most circuits in a house are at 120V). A 240V charging unit will recharge the car batteries in four hours. The batteries can also be charged from the gas engine or from the regenerative brakes, which turn the energy of the moving car into electricity.

References 

2010s automobiles
Volt
The La Brea tar pits (or Rancho La Brea) are a famous cluster of tar pits in central Los Angeles. Complete skeletons of many thousands of large animals have been found here. They date mostly from 40,000 to 8,000 years ago.

Hancock Park was formed around the tar pits, in the heart of Los Angeles. Asphalt or tar (brea in Spanish) has seeped up from the ground here for tens of thousands of years. The tar is often covered with water. Over many centuries, animals that came to drink the water fell in, sank in the tar, and died. In the tar, their bones turned into fossils.

The George C. Page Museum is dedicated to researching the tar pits and displaying specimens from the animals that died there. The La Brea Tar Pits are now a registered National Natural Landmark.

Findings 
At the La Brea Tar Pits, scientists have found the skeletons of many prehistoric species, including:
 Mammoths
 American mastodons
 American lions
 American cheetahs 
 Dire wolves
 The Western camel Camelops
 Short-faced bears
 Ground sloths
 The saber-toothed cat, Smilodon fatalis (the state fossil of California)

Only one human has ever been found in the tar pits: a partial skeleton of a woman, dated at approximately 9,000 BC.  Because of the way her skull was crushed, scientists think she was murdered.

Over a million fossils 
Over a million fossils have been recovered from the tar pits.  These fossils include individual bones as well as pieces of bone.  Scientists estimate that at least 10,000 animals got trapped in the Tar Pits over 30,000 years.  These animals belonged to at least 660 different species.  This includes at least 135 species of birds, and 59 species of mammals.

Tar pits 

Oil is created when decayed organic matter is underground. It is under pressure. The crude oil seeps upward through fractures, or porous sedimentary rock layers. It may form a pool  at the surface. 

The lighter parts of the crude oil evaporate into the atmosphere, leaving behind a black, sticky asphalt. Tar pits are often excavated because they contain many fossils.

There are not many of these tar pits in the world, because they only form in these circumstances. The evaporation of the lighter elements in the crude oil is needed to create the sticky tar which traps the animals. Their distress calls are irresistible to the predators which follow them.

References 

Lagerstätten
Geography of Los Angeles
Fossils
Natural history museums
The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. These arms are used by the Queen in her official capacity as monarch of the United Kingdom, and are officially known as her Arms of Dominion. Different versions are used by other members of the Royal Family; and by the British Government in connection with the administration and government of the country. In Scotland, the Queen has a separate version of the Royal Arms, a variant of which is used by the Scotland Office.

The shield is quartered, depicting in the first and fourth quarters the three passant guardant lions of England; in the second, the rampant lion and double tressure fleury-counter-fleury of Scotland; and in the third, a harp for  Ireland.

The version used by the government does not have the helmet or lion, the version used by the government in Scotland does not have the lion or "In Defens" motto.

United Kingdom
British monarchy
James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 – April 23, 1998) was the man who was convicted of murdering Martin Luther King, Jr on April 4, 1968. He was sentenced to 99 years in prison. At first he said that he had shot King, but he later said that he did not do it. There are many conspiracies about this but the truth is still unknown.

Early life
He was born in Alton, Illinois. He was convicted of burglary, robbery, theft and forgery during the 1950s. 

He escaped from prison in 1967.

Death
He died in Nashville, Tennessee from liver failure caused by hepatitis C.

References

1928 births
1998 deaths
American burglars
American fraudsters
American murderers
American prisoners
American robbers
American thieves
Assassins
Criminals from Illinois
Deaths from hepatitis
Disease-related deaths in the United States
People from Alton, Illinois
People who died in prison custody in the United States
Leadership is an approach where “acts by persons influence other persons in a shared direction/[common goal]” (Seeman, 1960).

Traits
 Cognitive: Having an actively developed strong verbal, perceptual, and reasoning skills which can effectively guide pivots and at the time be compatible to peer groups.
 Self-confidence: Ability to be certain about one’s competencies and skills with a nurtured sense of self-esteem and self-assurance.
 Determination: Ability to assert themselves, be proactive, and have the capacity to persevere in the face of obstacles. Characteristics include initiative, persistence, dominance, and drive.
 Integrity: It is the quality of honesty and trustworthiness. Characteristics are loyalty, dependability, and not deceptive.
 Sociability: It is the ability to be sensitive to others’ needs and show concern for their well-being. They are people who have good interpersonal skills and create cooperative relationships (friendliness, outgoing, courteous) with their followers and able to take socially responsible decisions.

Team leadership
There are two factors in team leadership, they are: Interpersonal and Analytical. The interpersonal factors are : Talk, Evaluation, Assisting and Motivating. The Analytical aspects for problem solving with team leadership are: Focusing, Organizing, Collecting, Understanding and Synthesizing the material.

Related pages
 Coach (sport)
 Political economy
 Tribal chief
 Entrepreneur
 Supreme Leader

References

Other websites

Management
Political philosophy
Sociology