cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Seventh Seal () is a 1957 Swedish fantasy drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman. It was based his own play. It stars Max von Sydow, Gunnar Björnstrand, Bengt Ekerot, Nils Poppe, Inga Landgré, Bibi Andersson, Åke Fridell, Inga Gill.

The theme of the film is a knight's return to his country at the time of the Black Death, that is, the plague in Europe of the Middle Ages. As he lands on the shore he meets the figure of Death in person. This is the scene of a famous chess-playing episode where the two play for the knight's soul. The game is unfinished. After bargaining with Death for a while, the knight sets out on his travels. The travels show the damage done by the plague to all aspects of life in the country. To some critics, the film is typical of the existentialist films of the mid-20th century. 

The knight is the gaunt figure of Max von Sydow at the start of his long film career. He was one of the actors whose career started with working for the film's producer Ingmar Bergman.

Other websites
 
 

1957 movies
1950s fantasy movies
Swedish movies
Movies directed by Ingmar Bergman
Movies set in the 14th century
Highway 1 is a national route in Australia. Most of the New South Wales part of is A1 or M1. 

List of roads that cover National Highway 1:

 Pacific Mwy - Qld Border to Grafton
 Pacific Highway - Grafton to Coffs Harbour
 Pacific Mwy - Coffs Harbour to Port Macquarie
 Pacific Highway - Port Macquarie - Maitland
 New England Hwy/ John Renshaw Drive - Maitland - Newcastle
 Pacific Mwy - Newcastle to Wahroonga
 Pacific Hwy - Wahroonga - Chatswood
 M1 Motorway - Chatswood to Port Botany
 Princes Highway - Port Botany to Waterfall
 F6 Princes Mwy - Waterfall to Kiama
 Princes Hwy - Kiama to VIC Border

Roads in Australia
New South Wales
Carl-Henning Wijkmark (21 November 1934 – 4 September 2020) was a Swedish novelist and translator.  He made his literary debut in 1972. He was known for his novel Jägarna på Karinhall. 

Among his other novels are Dressinen from 1983 and Sista dagar from 1986. 

He was awarded the Dobloug Prize in 1986. He received the August Prize in 2007, for his novel Stundande natten.

Wijkmark died on 4 September 2020 at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Swedish writers
Novelists
Translators
Christiane Eda-Pierre (March 24, 1932 – September 5, 2020) was a French coloratura soprano. She sang in many roles, from baroque to contemporary works. Eda-Pierre was born in Fort-de-France, Martinique.

She made her debut at the Opéra-Comique in 1958, as Lakmé. She played Papagena in The Magic Flute, and at the Palais Garnier in 1960, as Lucia di Lammermoor.

Eda-Pierre died on September 5, 2020 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
French singers
Stratford () is the only town in Stratford District, and the seat of the Taranaki Region, in New Zealand's North Island. The town has a population of 5,740, making it the 62nd largest urban area in New Zealand.

References

Towns in New Zealand
Ekaterina Salimova is a Russian water polo player. She was part of the Russian women's national water polo team. She participated at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships and 2004 Summer Olympics.

References 

Russian water polo players
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Dragoljub Ojdanić (; 1 June 1941 – 6 September 2020) was a Serbian military official. He was the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Yugoslavia between 1998 to 2000 and Minister of Defence of Yugoslavia in 2000.

He was convicted of deportation and forcible transfer of Kosovo Albanians during the Kosovo War by the ICTY.

Ojdanić died on 6 September 2020 in Belgrade, aged 79.

References

Other websites
 Optuznica za ratne zlocine 
 Presuda Haškog suda 

1941 births
2020 deaths
Serbian people
Military people
Criminals
Narendra Kumar Swain (18 December 1939 – 7 September 2020) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha from Odisha between 2015 to 2020. He was a member of the Biju Janata Dal. He was born in Odisha.

Swain died on 7 September 2020 in Odisha, aged 80.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Indian politicians
Melissa Byram (née Mills; born 26 December 1973) is an Australian retired water polo player. She was part of the gold medal squad of the 2000 Summer Olympics.

She participated at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships.

References 

1973 births
Year of birth missing (living people)
Australian water polo players
Charles Bishop Scarborough III (born November 4, 1943) is an American television journalist and author. Beginning in 1974, he has been the lead news anchor at WNBC. He also appeared on NBC News. He currently anchors News 4 New York at 6 p.m. every weeknight. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

References

Other websites

Chuck Scarborough's bio at nbcnewyork.com
"Answers From Chuck Scarborough", The New York Times, February 24, 2010

1943 births
Living people
American television news anchors
Journalists from New York City
Writers from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Amal Clooney (née Alamuddin; ; born 3 February 1978) is a Lebanese-British lawyer. Her works focused in international law and human rights.

Her clients include Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, the former prime minister of Ukraine, Yulia Tymoshenko; Egyptian-Canadian journalist Mohamed Fahmy; and Nobel Prize laureate Nadia Murad.

In 2019, Clooney was appointed the special envoy on media freedom by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office.

In September 2021, The International Criminal Court (ICC) appointed Amal Clooney, as Special Advisor for the Sudanese conflict in Darfur.

References

1978 births
Living people
British lawyers
People from Beirut
Curtis S. Person Jr. (November 27, 1934 – September 4, 2020) was an American politician. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He was a member of the member of the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1966 to 1968. He also was a member of the State Senate from 1968 to 2006. Person Jr. was a member of the Republican Party.

Person Jr. died on September 4, 2020 in Memphis at the age of 85.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Memphis, Tennessee
US Republican Party politicians
The green-eyed tree frog, brown-spotted tree frog, fringed tree frog or New Guinea tree frog (Ranoidea genimaculata)  is a tree frog from New Guinea.  It lives everywhere on the island except high in the mountains. It lives in both Papua New Guinea and Indonesia, no more than 1500 meters above sea level. It also lives in Queensland, Australia, near the Great Barrier Reef, but some scientists think these are really two different species.  Scientists who think they are one species call the frogs in New Guinea and Australia Litoria genimaculata and scientists who think they are two different species call the New Guinea frogs genimaculata and the Australian frogs serrata. Some scientists think the group of frogs in Australia is really two different species, serrata and myola, for three altogether.

The adult male frog is 4.6 cm long and the adult female frog is 7.1 cm long. Each frog has a bright green ring around its eyes, which is why it is called "green-eyed tree frog" in English.  It has a brown-green body with patches of color that look like lichen that grows on wet rocks.  That way, the frog can hide from larger animals that want to eat it. The frog has very large discs on its toes for climbing.  This frog has a bit of skin on its hind legs that looks like fringe.  That is why it is also called "fringed tree frog" in English.

This frog lives near streams with rocks in them.  The male frogs tend to stay near the water, and the female frogs climb high into the trees.  The female frog lays eggs in pools, many hundreds at a time.

This frog has colors that look like an hourglass on its back.  Scientists thought they could take photographs of this frog to identify individual frogs, but the hourglass changes shape as the frog grows older.

This frog is not endangered now, but scientists think the fungal disease chytridiomycosis or a virus may have killed many of them.

References

Animals of Australia
Frogs
Animals of Asia
Animals of Oceania
Madam Secretary is an American political drama television series created by Barbara Hall on CBS from September 21, 2014 to December 8, 2019.

CBS network shows
2010s American television series
English-language television programs
The Guardian is an American drama television series on CBS. It originally aired from September 25, 2001 to May 4, 2004.

2001 television series debuts
2004 television series endings
English-language television programs
The Beast is a character from Beauty and the Beast. In different movies, Dan Stevens, Terrence Mann, James Barbour and Steve Blanchard have played the role of the Beast. 

Movie characters
The Roma people in Turkey call themself Romanlar (singular roman) and not Roma, but some used the old Turkish word Çingene (Gypsy) or selfname Şopar (Gypsy kid). In English they are named "Turkish Gypsy". The Word Gypsy is not pejorative for them. There are a number of subgroups, all named after their old professional jobs or only Xoraxane. There Religion is Sunni Muslim of Hanafi school and some are Members of a Sufism Tarika like  Bektashi. Engagement's, marriage's, and male circumcision (Sünnet) party's, are big festivals.
 
The Roma people in Turkey speak the Turkish language as a first language. Most do not speak the Romani language anymore, many hide there Romani Background designate themselves as Turks. The majority live in East Thrace and Istanbul. They have Turkish citizenship. Some of the Turkish Romani came as Guest worker to Germany and Austria in the 1960-70's, where some of the Romani Men married with German or Austrian Womans.

History 
The Romanlar in Turkey, are the descendants of the Chandala (Dalit) and Shudra groups, descendant from the People of the Kalinga War, who once came at the Time of the Plague of Justinian in 541 - 542 AD, trough trading relationships at the Silk Road with the East-Roman - Byzantine Empire, from the Indian subcontinent into Persia, Caucasus, Mesopotamia to Egypt, who was at that time a part of the Byzantine Empire. They settled in Koptos (Qift) at the Nile for a while. Later, when the Muslim Arabian made fight with the Byzantine Empire, the Romanlar went with them as Camp followers to Asia Minor and settled first in Phrygia, from there they went to Thrace in Europe at 800 AD. At the time of Ottoman Empire they got their own Sanjak (district) in East Thrace. There Saint is Baba Fingo. Many live in Istanbul and Edirne and İzmir.

About Paspati in his Book of the Turkish Gypsy's from 1860-1863, he mentioned that Ottoman Turkish Men sometimes married Gypsy woman, and arround 200.000 Muslim Roma live in Turkey.

At the Greek War of Independence 1821–1829, Crimean War 1853–1856, Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Balkan Wars 1912-1913, World War I 1914-1918, and the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, many Xoraxane-Roma together with other Non-Romani Muslims was expelled from Bulgaria and Greece and other parts of the Balkans, who once belonged to the former Ottoman Empire, to settle in Turkey.,,

Music and Dance 
The Romanlar in Turkey are wellknown of there Music and Dance, and play for Weddings, Circumcision partys also for Non Romani People. Belly dance is performed in there own special style.

Related pages
Minorities in Turkey

References

Ethnic groups in Europe
Turkey
Roma
The Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria () is a metropolitan city in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Its capital is Reggio Calabria. It replaced  the Province of Reggio Calabria in 2017.

The Aspromonte massif dominates the western part, and with its long coastline, the metropolitan city is a popular tourist destination during the summer.

History
The Metropolitan City was created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990), and then established by the Law 56/2014.

Government
The Metropolitan City is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (Sindaco metropolitano) and the Metropolitan Council (Consiglio metropolitano).

List of Metropolitan Mayors of Reggio Calabria

References

Other websites
 Province of Reggio Calabria official website 
 Città di Reggio Calabria official website 
 Information on Southern Italy  Naples, Italy, Consulate General of the United States. (Includes links to relevant official websites, Italian and American, including area governments, colleges and universities, cultural, travel and tourism sites related to the region.)
The Captain Regent is a head of government of San Marino.

Since 1900

Notes

References 

San Marino
Tsakhur orthography belongs to the Tsakhur such as Gelmets added many letters. Tsakhur is a Caucasian language. This means the alphabet has many letters, but the alphabet is currently can added many alphabet to make the sounds, too.

Alphabet
The alphabet on the standard dialect is currently is unauthorized for the digraph. So the alphabet for Tsakhur is А,Б,В,Г,Д,Е,Ё,Ж,З,И,Й,К,Л,М,Н,О,П,Р,С,Т,У,Ф,Х,Ц,Ч,Ш,Щ,Ъ,Ы,Ь,Э,Ю,Я and same like Russian alphabet. Which means Tsakhur alphabet have a 18 additional letters including АІ,ГІ,Гъ,Гь,ЕІ,КІ,Къ,Кь,Л',ОІ,ПІ,ТІ,УІ,Хъ,Хь,ЦІ,ЧІ,ЫІ. In Tsakh dialect,the letters with hard sign (Ъ),soft sign,and palochka or the double letters has been added. In Gelmets dialect,ХІ is added.

Phonology
In Tsakh dialect,the word such as Гэмил was invented to Гэмээл. While for Gelmets dialect,is Гамил ("Yellow"). Omniglot says the pharyngealized letters is uses with palochka. While for Gelmets dialect is many. In unicode,sometimes letters have has been added the Cyrillic letters who it is past.

Usage in unicode
Sometimes,unicode asked to remove Tsakhur button,because of one of all social medias doesn't have this button.

Usage in social medias
President of Dagestan asked to removing the Tsakhur button,because Russia is the best countries of the republics in Russia,so the Omniglot says.

Caucasian languages
Writing systems
Pteropus is a genus of large megabats. They are commonly known as fruit bats or flying foxes. They live in the tropics and subtropics of Asia:  Australia,  the Indian subcontinent, East Africa, and some oceanic islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. 

There are at least 60 living species in the genus.
Flying foxes eat fruit and other plant matter, and occasionally  insects as well. They find food with their keen sense of smell. Most, but not all, are nocturnal. They navigate with keen eyesight, as they cannot echolocate. They have long lives and low birth rates.  Females of most species have only one offspring each year. This slow birth rate makes their populations vulnerable in present-day circumstances.

Like other bats, flying foxes can give deadly diseases to humans. They are the reservoirs of rare but fatal disease agents such as Australian bat lyssavirus (which causes rabies), and Hendra virus. Seven known human deaths have come from these two diseases. Nipah virus is also transmitted by flying foxes—it affects more people, with over 100 fatalities. 

Flying foxes have cultural significance to indigenous people. They appear in traditional art, folklore, and weaponry. Their fur and teeth were used as currency in the past. Some cultures still use their teeth as currency today.

References 

Bats
Mammals of Australia
Mammals of Asia
A measure word is a word or morpheme (the smallest meaningful unit in a language) that shows how much of something there is.

In English, measure words are used to show amounts of something that cannot be easily counted, also called uncountable nouns or mass nouns. For example, a person cannot usually say, "I have three gasolines", since gasoline is not easy to count. However, a person can measure how much gasoline there is or count how many containers are used to hold gasoline. In other words, people can say, "I have three gallons of gasoline", "I have three liters of gasoline", or "I have three tanks of gasoline."

In English, count nouns are their own measure words. A person can say "I have three cars" or "cars have four wheels". The nouns do not need any extra words because the nouns themselves are easy to count. Measure words can also be used to describe groups of countable nouns. For example, a group of cattle is called "a herd of cattle" and a group of fish is called "a school of fish."

In many East Asian languages, like Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, measure words must be used to count both mass nouns and count nouns. Unlike in English, a person cannot simply say "three cars" or "four wheels" in Chinese. The nouns in both phrases need a measure word. In Chinese a person must say "three (vehicle) car" (三辆车) and "four (thing) wheel" (四个轮).

Parts of speech
In mathematics, a function maps an input value to an output value. In the case of a matrix function, the input and the output values are matrices.  One example of a matrix function occurs with the Algebraic Riccati equation, which is used to solve certain optimal control problems. 

Matrix functions are special functions made by matrices.

Definitions
Most functions like  are defined as a solution of a differential equation. But matrix functions will use a different way.

Suppose  is a complex number and  is a square matrix. If you have a polynomial:
,
then it is reasonable to define

Let's use this idea. When you have
,
then you can introduce

For example, the matrix version of the exponential function and the trigonometric functions are defined as follows:

Importance
Matrix functions are used at numerical methods for ordinary differential equations and statistics. This is why numerical analysts are studying how to compute them. For example, the following functions are studied:
 Matrix exponential
 Root of a matrix
 Matrix cosine and sine
 Logarithm of a matrix
 Validated numerics for the functions above
 Matrix version of the gamma function

Related pages
 Matrix analysis
 Linear algebra
 Numerical linear algebra

References

Further reading
 A Survey of the Matrix Exponential Formulae with Some Applications (2016), Baoying Zheng, Lin Zhang, Minhyung Cho, and Junde Wu. J. Math. Study Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 393-428.
 Higham, N. J. (2006). Functions of matrices. Manchester Institute for Mathematical Sciences, School of Mathematics, The University of Manchester.

Functions and mappings
Linear algebra
Jubba River is a river which starts in the Ogadenia region. It ends in the Jubaland state of Somalia.

References 

Rivers of Africa
Somalia
Jubaland
The Shebelle River is a river which starts in the Ogadenia region. It flows through the Hirshabelle and Jubaland states of Somalia.

References 

Rivers of Africa
Ethiopia
Somalia
Moytoy of Tellico, (died 1741) (Amo-adawehi in Cherokee, meaning "rainmaker") He was given the title of "Emperor of the Cherokee" by Sir Alexander Cumming. He was chief of the Wolf Clan.
Coalinga ( or ) is a city in Fresno County and the western San Joaquin Valley, in central California.

The population was 13,380 as of the 2010 census, up from 11,668 at the 2000 census.

References

Cities in California
Settlements in Fresno County, California
Abdul Malik Fadjar (22 February 1939 – 7 September 2020) was an Indonesian politician and academic. He was the Minister of Religious Affairs between 1998 to 1999 and Minister of Education from 2001 to 2004. He worked during the cabinets of B. J. Habibie, Abdurrahman Wahid and Megawati Sukarnoputri.

Fadjar died on 7 September 2020 at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Indonesian politicians
Indonesian educators
The Centralian tree frog (Ranoidea gilleni) is a tree frog from Australia.  It lives in the MacDonnell Ranges in the Northern Territory.

This frog lives in rocky places with water holes and bodies of water that sometimes dry up.  It hides during the day.  Scientists do not know much about the eggs or tadpoles.

Scientists used to think this was the same frog as Litoria caerulea.

References

Animals of Australia
Frogs
The CLP-1 or  () is the top division of the Tunisian Football Federation. It was created in 1921.

History
The football championship of Tunisia, was first held in 1907 by the "Ligue Tunisienne de football" (Tunisian League of football – LTF) then the Tunisian Football Federation (FTF). The first edition opposed the three teams of "Racing club of Tunis", "Football club of Bizerte" and "Sporting of Ferryville", and the two school teams of the "Carnot College of Tunis" and the "Sadiki College".
It became official with the creation of the LTF in 1921 and its affiliation with the French federation of football. Until 1939, the title of champion was attributed as a result of dams between the regional champions. But from 1946 to 1947, a championship of "excellence" (national division) was created and competes nationally. In 1944–1945, 1945–1946 and 1952–1953, the championship was not disputed and was replaced by a criterium (a kind of tournament pools where participation is voluntary). 
The current big clubs are created during this period: "Esperance Sportive de Tunis" (1919), "Club African" (1920), "Etoile Sportive du Sahel" (1925), "Club Athletic Bizertin" and "Club Sportif Sfaxien" (1928).

Media coverage 
El Watania 1 and El Watania 2 have the broadcast rights of the Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 since independence. Qatari channels Al-Kass Sports have the rights of broadcasting 10 meetings per season, most of them derby matches, since the 2015–16 season.

Current members of the Ligue Professionnelle 1 (2019–20 season)

Participating Clubs

Tunisia champions by season
This is the list of the clubs that won the Tunisian League:

Under the Rule of the USFSA (1909–21)

Under the rule of LTF (1921–1955)

After Independence (1956–present)

Performances

Performance by club
Teams in Bold compete in 2019–20 Ligue 1.

Performance by city

Number of Titles by Region

Titles by Main Region

Top scorers
This is the list of top scorers by season.

References

Other websites
League at fifa.com 
RSSSF competition history
 Tunisian Ligue 1 – Hailoosport.com  (Arabic)
Tunisian Ligue 1 – Hailoosport.com 

20th-century establishments in Tunisia
1921 establishments
Football leagues
Football in Tunisia
Patrick Anthony Sweeney (September 2, 1939 – September 7, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Ohio Senate from 1997 to 1998, and a member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1967 to 1997.  

He was appointed in January 1997 to fill the vacancy caused by Dennis Kucinich, who was elected to Congress. Sweeney was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Sweeney died on September 7, 2020 in Cleveland at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Cleveland, Ohio
US Democratic Party politicians
Joseph Chennoth (13 October 1943 – 8 September 2020) was an Indian Syro Malabar Catholic prelate. He worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See. He was an archbishop and an apostolic nuncio from 1999 until his death.

He was made a priest on 4 May 1969 by Bishop Paul Ch’eng Shih-kuang of Tainan, Taiwan.

Pope John Paul II named him titular archbishop of Milevum and Apostolic Nuncio to the Central African Republic and to Chad on 24 August 1999.

Pope Benedict XVI named him Apostolic Nuncio to Tanzania on 15 June 2005.

Benedict appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Japan on 15 August 2011.

Chennoth died on 8 September 2020 in Tokyo, aged 76.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Indian politicians
Diplomats
Priests
Veikko Olavi "Vexi" Salmi (; 21 September 1942 – 8 September 2020) was a Finnish lyricist.  He wrote the lyrics to many  popular songs for several prominent artists, including Irwin Goodman, Jari Sillanpää, and Katri Helena.  

His career as a lyricist began in the 1960s. He was born in Hämeenlinna, Finland. He wrote the lyrics to many Eurovision entry songs such as "Huilumies" and "Katson sineen taivaan".

Salmi died from a short-illness in Helsinki on 8 September 2020, aged 77.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Finnish writers
Songwriters
Jorge Aurelio Iragorri Hormaza (28 April 1937 – 7 September 2020) was a Colombian politician. He was born in Popayán, Colombia. He was a member of the Social Party of National Unity. He was the Governor of Cauca from 1975 to 1976. He was also a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 1981 to 1982 and Senate from 1991 to 2014.

Iragorri Hormaza died on 7 September 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia
Colombian politicians
The Congress of the Republic of Colombia () is the name given to Colombia's bicameral national legislature.

The Congress of Colombia is made up of the 108-seat Senate (Senado), and the 172-seat Chamber of Representatives (Cámara de Representantes). Members of both houses are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms.

References

Colombia
The House of Representatives (Spanish: Cámara de Representantes) is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia. It has 172 members elected to four-year terms.

According to the Colombian Constitution, the House of Representatives, currently made up of 166 representatives serving four-year terms, is elected in territorial constituencies, special constituencies and an international constituency.

Other websites
 

Colombia
The Senate of the Republic of Colombia  () is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the House of Representatives. The Senate has 108 members elected for concurrent (non-rotating) four-year terms.

References

Colombia
A shibboleth () was originally a single word which distinguished one group from another.

Rather more widely, it is any custom or tradition that distinguishes one group of people from another. Shibboleths have been used throughout history in many societies as passwords. They are simple ways of self-identification: they signal loyalty and affinity.

Origin
The term comes from the Hebrew word shibbólet (), which means the part of a plant containing grain, such as the head of a stalk of wheat or rye. 

The modern use comes from an account in the Hebrew Bible. How this word was pronounced was used to distinguish friend from foe. In the Book of Judges, chapter 12, the inhabitants of Gilead inflicted a military defeat on the invading tribe of Ephraim (around 1370–1070 BC). The surviving Ephraimites tried to cross the River Jordan to their home territory, but the Gileadites secured the river's fords to stop them.  

To identify and kill the Ephraimites, the Gileadites told each suspected survivor to say the word shibboleth. The Ephraimite dialect resulted in a pronunciation that, to Gileadites, sounded like sibboleth.  In the King James Bible: 

The concept of a shibboleth is still with us. It is any word, phrase, jargon or pronunciation which identifies a person as a member of a particular group.

References 

Words
Landscape architecture is a field of design that deals with the design of garden buildings and open spaces: open public or private spaces, squares, gardens and parks, promenades and more. He who deals with landscape architecture is landscape architect. In most cases, landscape architecture is simultaneously associated with the architecture of buildings and planning and urban design, which are areas in which architects are engaged. Landscape architecture deals with different and varied forms of open spaces and different ways of planning the relationship between buildings and land and landscape and between man and nature or his urban environment.

Related pages 
 Urban design
 Landscape urbanism

Other websites 

Architecture
Landscape urbanism is a new theory in the field of urban and regional planning that first appeared in the late 20th century claiming that the best way to organize cities is through the landscape design of the city rather than the design of its buildings. The phrase urban landscape first appeared in the mid-1990s. Since then this phrase has received many different uses but is most often cited as a post-modernist response to the failures of "New Urbanism".

In 2008 the first Biennale in the world of "Landscape Urbanism" was held in the city of Bat-Yam in Israel which dealt with New Urbanism.

Related pages 

 Urban design
 Landscape architecture

Other websites 
Sustainable Urban Development Resource Guide
History and theory of landscape urbanism
Bat Yam International Biennale of Landscape Urbanism

Architecture
The Naked City is a 1948 American crime drama movie directed by Jules Dassin and stars Barry Fitzgerald, Howard Duff, Dorothy Hart, Don Taylor, Frank Conroy, Adelaide Klein.  It was distributed by Universal Pictures. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards and won 2 Oscars in 1949.

Other websites
 
 
 

1948 drama movies
1940s crime movies
American crime drama movies
Universal Pictures movies
Movies directed by Jules Dassin
Paul Chittilapilly (27 February 1934 – 6 September 2020) was an Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic prelate. He was bishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1961. He was bishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Kalyan, India, from 1988 to 1996 and as bishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Thamarassery, India, from 1996 to 2010.

Chittilapilly died on 6 September 2020, aged 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Priests
Roman Catholic bishops
Gene A. Budig (May 25, 1939September 8, 2020) was an American baseball executive. He was the last president of the American League (AL), from 1994 to 1999. He was born in McCook, Nebraska.

Budig went on to become part-owner of a minor league baseball team. He was also President of Illinois State University between 1973 to 1977, West Virginia University between 1977 to 1981 and University of Kansas between 1980 to 1994.

Budig died on September 8, 2020 in Charleston, South Carolina from liver disease at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Sportspeople from Nebraska
Businesspeople from Nebraska
Deaths from liver disease
Claude Peretti (24 February 1942 – 8 September 2020) was a French footballer. He played as a Right midfielder. He won the 1963 Coupe de France with AS Monaco FC. He was born in Nice, France.

He then played for Olympique de Marseille before returning to Monaco for a brief time in 1964. In 1965, he joined AC Ajaccio, which won the Ligue 2 championship in 1967. He retired in 1970.

Peretti died on 8 September 2020 at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
French footballers
People from Nice
The Pianist is a 2002 war biographical drama movie produced and directed by Roman Polanski. The script was written by Ronald Harwood. It starred Adrien Brody. 

It is based on the autobiographical book The Pianist (1946), a Holocaust memoir by the Polish-Jewish pianist and composer Władysław Szpilman, a Holocaust survivor. 

The Pianist was released on 24 May 2002 at the Cannes Film Festival to strong positive critical reviews. It was awarded the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival. 

The movie won many Academy Awards such as for Best Director (Polanski), Best Adapted Screenplay (Harwood), and Best Actor (Brody), and was nominated for four others, including Best Picture.

Release dates

References

2002 drama movies
2000s biographical movies
2000s war movies
French drama movies
German drama movies
Polish movies
British drama movies
British biographical movies
British war movies
Movies directed by Roman Polanski
Movies based on books
Wilhelm Adalbert Hosenfeld (; 2 May 1895 – 13 August 1952) was a German Army officer who by the end of the Second World War was promoted to Hauptmann (Captain). 

He helped to hide or rescue several Polish people, including Jews, in Nazi-German occupied Poland, and helped Polish-Jewish pianist and composer Władysław Szpilman to survive, hidden, in the ruins of Warsaw during the last months of 1944.

In October 2007, Hosenfeld was honored by the president of Poland Lech Kaczyński with a Commander’s Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta.

Other websites
Wilm Hosenfeld, A Man Of courage
– The story of Wilm Hosenfeld
Comment on Hosenfeld in conjunction with Roman Polanski's filmThe Pianist
Page on Wilm Hosenfeld and The Pianist on the website of Hosenfeld's grandson
 "Dziennik" 13 Oct. 2007  re posthumous award of Polonia Restituta – In Polish
Wilm Hosenfeld at Yad Vashem website

1895 births
1952 deaths
Deaths from aortic dissection
SS officers
World War II people
Deprisa, Deprisa () is a 1981 Spanish French drama movie directed by Carlos Saura and starring André Falcon, Yves Barsacq, Berta Socuéllamos Zarco, José Antonio Valdelomar, Jesús Arias Aranzueque.

Other websites
 

1981 drama movies
Spanish movies
French drama movies
Movies directed by Carlos Saura
Bless This House is a British comedy series that first aired on British TV on the 2nd February, 1971 and ran for six series or seasons with its final episode airing on 22nd April, 1976. It ended after the death of its main star, Sidney James. A film sequel was made in 1972 with the same title.

The Story 
The programme centres on life in Birch Avenue, Putney, London, where stationery salesman Sid Abbott (Sidney James) and his wife Jean (Diana Coupland) live with their teenage children.  Mike, the son, played by Robin Stewart, is fresh from art college and is more pre-occupied with protests than finding a job. The daughter, Sally, played by Sally Geeson, who is younger than Mike, is trendy and her parents are continually worried about her relationships with 'boys'. Sid and Jean constantly battle to comprehend the new generation's permissive ways and are usually out-of-touch. Their neighbours and best friends are Trevor (Anthony Jackson) and his wife Betty (Patsy Rowlands).

1970s British sitcoms
Television series set in London
English-language television programs
1971 television series debuts
1976 television series endings
Patriarch Filaret (secular name Mykhailo Antonovych Denysenko, born 23 January 1929) is the primate and Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate. He has been the patriarch since 2019. Before, he was the patriarch between 1995 to 2018.

He was the honorary Patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine from 2018 to 2019, and the former Metropolitan of Kyiv of the Russian Orthodox Church between 1966 to 1992. He was defrocked and in 1997 excommunicated by the ROC. 

In March 2020, during a television interview, Filaret called the coronavirus pandemic a "divine punishment" for same-sex marriage. 

On 8 September 2020, Filaret tested positive for COVID-19 and pneumonia.

References

1929 births
Living people
People from Kiev
Ralph D. Gants (1954 – September 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician and lawyer. He was the Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. He was nominated by Governor Deval Patrick and sworn in on July 28, 2014. He became a justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Court in 2009. He was born in New Rochelle, New York.

On September 4, 2020 Gants was hospitalized after having a heart attack. He died on September 14 at the age of 66.

References

1954 births
2020 deaths
Lawyers from Massachusetts
American judges
Politicians from New York
Politicians from Massachusetts
People from New Rochelle, New York
US Democratic Party politicians
Charles Herbert Woolery (born March 16, 1941) is an American game show host, talk show host, and musician. He was born in Ashland, Kentucky. 

Woolery was the original host of Wheel of Fortune (1975–1981), the original version of Love Connection (1983–1994), Scrabble (1984–1990, and during a brief revival in 1993), Greed on Fox from 1999 to 2000, and Lingo on Game Show Network from 2002 to 2007.

References

1941 births
Living people
American conservatives
American game show hosts
American country singers
Television personalities from Kentucky
Singers from Kentucky
Thomas L. Steffen (9 July 1930 – 1 September 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Chief Supreme Court Justice in the state of Nevada from 1982 to 1997. He was nominated by Governor Robert List.

He studied at George Washington University where he graduated from in 1964. He began working in Bureau of Naval Weapons.

Steffen died on 1 September 2020 at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
American judges
Politicians from Nevada
US Republican Party politicians
George Bizos (14 November 1927 – 9 September 2020) was a Greek-born South African human rights lawyer. He campaigned against apartheid in South Africa, most notably during the Rivonia Trial. He was Nelson Mandela's lawyer.

Bizos died in Johannesburg on 9 September 2020, aged 92.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Greek businesspeople
South African businesspeople
Greek writers
South African lawyers
Political activists
Autobiographers
Cini Boeri (June 19, 1924 – September 9, 2020) was an Italian architect and designer. She was born in Milan. In the 1970s, Boeri began designing showrooms for Knoll in Europe and America.

She worked for many other design companies, including lighting company Artemide, furniture company Arflex, and the housewares company Rosenthal.

Boeri died at her home in Milan on September 9, 2020 at the age of 96.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
Italian architects
Designers
People from Milan
Amos Luzzatto (3 June 1928 – 9 September 2020) was an Italian-Jewish writer and essayist. He was one of the most important representatives of Jewish Italian culture in the 20th century. He was teaching at the Rabbinical College in Padua and was an Italian representative of the "Wissenschaft des Judentums". He was born in Rome.

From June 1998 to February 2006, he was the President of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities.

Luzzatto died on 9 September 2020 in Venice, Italy at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Essayists
Writers from Rome
Gerald Anthony Neal (born September 22, 1945) is a Democratic Party politician and lawyer. He is a member of the Kentucky Senate, representing District 33 since 1988. He is the first African-American man elected to the Kentucky Senate. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. 

Neal was hospitalized in Louisville with COVID-19 on September 7, 2020.

References

1945 births
Living people
lawyers from Kentucky
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Louisville, Kentucky
US Democratic Party politicians
The dainty green tree frog, dainty frog or graceful tree frog (Ranoidea gracilenta) is a tree frog from Australia.  It lives in Queensland and New South Wales.

This frog lives in forests.  It sits on reeds and floating plants in bodies of water, but it also lives in places where people grow fruit.  In the winter, it climbs up to the tops of trees and stays away from water.  In warmer weather, the female frog lays eggs on stems of grass in the water.  The tadpoles take 14 days to become frogs.

The adult frog is 4.5 cm long.  The dainty green tree frog is bright green with orange eyes, yellow feet, and yellow color on its sides.  It is related to Ranoidea chloris.

References

Animals of Australia
Frogs
Al Ahed FC is a football club that plays in the Lebanese Premier League. They are based in Beirut, the capital city of Lebanon.

The club has won 1 AFC Cup title, 7 league titles, 6 Lebanese FA Cup titles, 7 Lebanese Super Cup titles, 5 Lebanese Elite Cup titles, and 1 Lebanese Federation Cup title. In 2019 they became the first club from Lebanon to win the AFC Cup.

Notes

References 

Beirut
The Lebanese Premier League is the top league competition for Lebanese football. It is above the Lebanese Second Division. The competition started in 1934.

 
1934 establishments in Lebanon
The Lebanon women's national football team are a team who play women's association football for Lebanon. They have never qualified for the World Cup or the Asian Cup. They came third 2 times in the WAFF Championship.

References

Women's national football teams
Sport in Lebanon
Olive is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States.  The town is west of Kingston, New York and is inside the Catskill Park.  The population was 4,419 at the 2010 census.

The hamlet of Olivebridge is located in the town of Olive.

References

Towns in New York
Ronald Nathan Bell a.k.a. Khalis Bayyan, (November 1, 1951 – September 9, 2020) was an American composer, singer-songwriter, arranger and record producer. He was the co-founding member of Kool & the Gang. He was born in Youngstown, Ohio but was raised in West Orange, New Jersey. His career began in 1968.

Bell composed, arranged, produced and performed some of the most popular music. He wrote the songs "Ladies' Night" (1979) and "Celebration" (1980).

Bell died at his home in the United States Virgin Islands on September 9, 2020, at age 68.

References

1951 births
2020 deaths
American composers
American singer-songwriters
American saxophonists
American jazz musicians
American funk musicians
American R&B musicians
American jazz singers
American R&B singers
American funk singers
Record producers
Writers from Ohio
Singers from Ohio
Musicians from Ohio
People from Youngstown, Ohio
Writers from New Jersey
Singers from New Jersey
Musicians from New Jersey
The 2020 California wildfire season was a series of wildfires that are burning across the state of California in the United States.

As of September 9, 2020, a total of 7,606 fires have burned , making 2020 the largest wildfire season recorded in California history. 

Climate change has increased the risk of wildfires in California.

References

Wildfires
2020s fires
August 2020 events
Fires in the United States
October 2020 events
September 2020 events
On March 23, 2020, Daniel Prude was fatally injured after being physically restrained by Rochester, New York police officers. 

Prude had been suffering from a mental health episode after taking PCP and was running naked in the city's streets. The officers put a spit hood over his head after he began spitting. They held him face down on the pavement for two minutes and fifteen seconds, and he stopped breathing. 

Prude received CPR on the scene and later died of problems caused from asphyxia after being taken off life support.

The autopsy report ruled Prude's death a homicide. The killing first received attention in September 2020 when the police body camera video and written reports were released along with the autopsy report. 

Following the report's release, protesters were outside the Rochester police headquarters. Many of the protests have been peaceful.

Letitia James, the Attorney General of New York, said Prude's death is being investigated. Governor of New York Andrew Cuomo said on September 2, 2020 that he had originally asked James to investigate the case in July.

References

2020 in the United States
2020s in New York (state)
March 2020 events
Police misconduct in the United States
Rochester, New York
Edgard Tupët-Thomé (19 April 1920 – 9 September 2020) was a French militant. He was in the Free French Forces. He was born in Bourg-la-Reine, France. 

He was one of the first men to join the Free French Forces, led by Charles de Gaulle. He parachuted into Châteauroux on 9 December 1941. However, he was injured during his landing, and was forced to leave combat. Six months later, he left France to seek treatment in England.

In January 1944, he became second in command of the 3rd Parachute Chasseur Regiment.

In 1945, Tupët-Thomé resigned from the French Armed Forces. He was admitted to the École nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer and became an administrator of colonies in French Tunisia in January 1946.

He was honored with the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour and was named a Companion of the Liberation.

Tupët-Thomé died in Paris on 9 September 2020 at the age of 100.

References

1920 births
2020 deaths
French centenarians
Political activists
French military people
You Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger is a 2010 American Spanish romantic comedy drama movie directed by Woody Allen and starring Anthony Hopkins, Josh Brolin, Antonio Banderas, Gemma Jones, Naomi Watts, Anna Friel, Philip Glenister, Pauline Collins, Celia Imrie, Roger Ashton-Griffiths. It was distributed by Sony Pictures Classics.

Other websites
 

2010 comedy movies
2010 drama movies
2010 romance movies
2010s romantic comedy movies
2010s romantic drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Spanish romance movies
Spanish comedy movies
Spanish drama movies
Movies directed by Woody Allen
Hong Kong Cantonese is a type of the Cantonese language, in the Sino-Tibetan language family. It is the official native language in Hong Kong. A similar language is also spoken in Macau, China.

Sino-Tibetan_languages
Hong Kong
Languages of China
Pressure in liquids is equally divided in all directions, therefore if a force is applied to one point of the liquid, it will be transmitted to all other points within the liquid.

Water exerts an upward force on the object and that upward force is known as buoyancy. Any object immersed in the fluid experiences buoyancy.

Liquid pressure is exerted on the surface of an object in a liquid.

Fluid mechanics
Physics
Paradoxes
Henry Russell (born in Toulouse in 1834, died in Biarritz in 1909) was a French explorer. He is buried in Pau. 

His father is from Ireland, but his mother from the South-West of France. 

When he was 24 years old, he began to climb the Pyrenees mountains. Once he got lost in the mountains in Gavarnie, and he almost died because of a big storm in the night. 

At the same time, he did made two trips in the world: the first in North-America and the second in Russia, in China, in Australia and in India. 

But when he was 27, he decided to stay in the Pyrenees until the end of his life, from 1861 to 1909.

He is famous especially for the first ascents of a lot of peaks, alone or with companions. 

What is the most famous aspect in his life is his love for the highest French mountain of Pyrenees called Vignemale (3293m). He climbed this peak thirty-third times, and the last time was in 1904 when he was 70 years old. He loved it so much that he wanted to become owner of it. In 1888, he asked the prefect, who granted him a concession for 99 years. The price was 1 franc per year. Also he dug near the top 7 caves to stay in during the summer and to invite his friends. He organized several banquets in these caves with a lot of famous people. The last cave is (The cave of Paradise).and it is only 18 meters under the top. Today we can still see these caves above the glacier of Vignemale.

1834 births
1909 deaths
People from Toulouse
French explorers
Henry Russell may refer to:

 Henry Russell (musician) (1812/13–1900), English pianist, baritone singer and composer
 Henry Russell (impresario) (1871–1937), English impresario, conductor, and singing teacher
 Sir Henry Russell, 1st Baronet (1751–1836), British judge in India
 Sir Henry Russell, 2nd Baronet (1783–1852), British 'Resident' at the court of Hyderabad in India
 Henry Russell (explorer) (1834–1909), Irish mountaineer, Pyrenean explorer and eccentric
 Henry Chamberlain Russell (1836–1907), Australian astronomer and meteorologist
 Henry Norris Russell (1877–1957), American astronomer, developer of Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (1910)
 Henry Russell (athlete) (1904–1986), American gold medal winner in 1928 Amsterdam 4 x 100 m relay 
 Henry Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (born 2005), Henry Robin Charles Russell; heir apparent of Andrew Russell, Duke of Bedford
 Henry Russell (politician) (1817–1891), New Zealand runholder and politician
 Henry P. Russell (1878–1956), American Medal of Honor recipient
 Henry S. Russell (1838–1905), American military and government official
 Henry Stuart Russell (1818–1889), explorer, politician and pastoralist
 Ken Russell (Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell, 1927–2011), English film director
The Southern New Guinea tree frog (Ranoidea impura)  is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  It lives on the southeastern part of the island, no more than 500 meters above sea level.

References

Frogs
Animals of Oceania