cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
"Good Morning Good Morning" is a song written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon/McCartney) and performed by The Beatles on the 1967 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album.

Lyrical inspiration
Inspiration for the song came to Lennon from a television commercial for Kellogg's Corn Flakes. The jingle went: "Good morning, good morning, The best to you each morning, Sunshine Breakfast, Kellogg's Corn Flakes, Crisp and full of fun".

The line "It's time for tea and Meet the Wife" refers to a BBC sitcom, Meet the Wife.

Recording
The track was recorded on 8 February 1967, with overdubs (extra music that's recorded into the song) on 16 February (bass and vocals), 13 March (brass section), 28 March (backing vocals and guitar solo), and 29 March (animal noises). The guitar solo was played by Paul McCartney.

At Lennon's request, George Martin brought in Sounds Incorporated to play the brass section with their signature saxophone sound.

Lennon asked engineer Geoff Emerick to arrange the animal noises heard at beginning as well as the end of the song so that the animal heard was one capable of devouring or frightening the animal that came before it.

The final sound effect of a chicken clucking was so placed that it transforms into the guitar on the following track, "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Reprise)".

In the mono version, the length is 2:35, whereas in the stereo version, the length is 2:41 because there are more animal noises.

Personnel
John Lennon – double-tracked vocal, rhythm guitar
Paul McCartney – backing vocal, lead guitar, bass
George Harrison – backing vocal, lead guitar
Ringo Starr – drums, tambourine
Barrie Cameron – saxophone
David Glyde – saxophone
Alan Holmes – saxophone
John Lee – trombone
Unknown – trombone
Unknown – french horn
Sounds Incorporated – brass
Geoff Emerick – engineer
George Martin – producer
Personnel per Ian MacDonald

Notes

References

 
 
 
 
 
 

1967 songs
The Beatles songs
Maks Catovic (born October 9, 1950 in Despotovac, Serbia, fomer Yugoslavia) is a movie producer who used to be the President of Komuna Belgrade, Serbia. 

From 1985 he is owner and CEO of Komuna, working for movies including Underground Palme dOr winner (2005) and Black Cat, White Cat Silver Lion winner in Venice (2008). 

Catovic has recently working as concert promoter too in Former Yugoslavia. Luciano Pavarotti, Madonna, AC/DC, Sting, Metallica among many others were playing in Serbia and Montenegro.

Filmography 
Letete S Rossinant (2007) by Georgi Stoev
Balkanska Braca (2005) by Bozidar 'Bota' Nikolic
The Red Colored Gray Truck (2004) by Srdjan Koljevic
Margina (2003) by Andrej Acin
The State Of The Dead (2002) by Zika Pavlovic
Normalni Ljudi (2001) by Oleg Novkovic
Tajna Porodicnog Blaga (2000) by Aleksandar Djordjevic
Lajanje Na Zvezde (1998) by Zdravko Sotra
Black Cat, White Cat (1998) by Emir Kusturica
My Contry (1997) by Milos Radovic
Underground (1995) by Emir Kusturica
Pjevam Danju, Pjevam Nocu (1978) by Jovan Ristic
TV SerialsStizu DolariPorodicno BlagoNeki novi klinciLisiceSvastara Duska RadovicaBila Jednom Jedna ZemljaLolaNovogodisnje Vencanje''

Other websites
 IMDB

1950 births
Living people
Serbian people
A climbing harness (or simply harness) is used by rock climbers. It is used to secure the climber to a piece of rope. It is one of the basic parts of the rock climbing equipment.

Types 
There are different types of harnesses.
 A sit string harness looks like a belt, which is connected to two loops. The belt is worn around the waist and the loops are worn at the legs the connection is worn in the front. This connection is called belay loop. In this connection usually the knots are tied. Also it's used to belay the climber, with a knot or a securing device, like the Grigri. This is the most common type of climbing harnesses.
 A chest harness is worn around the shoulders. It's additionally worn with the sit string harness. It's used to climb with a backpack.
 A full-body harness is a combination of both. The chest harness and the sit string harness are connected. It's mostly worn by little children instead of a sit string harness. Workers who need to be secured of falling also usually wear this kind of harness.

References 

Safety
Rock climbing
Mountain climbing
Sports equipment
The table below details World Championship Grand Prix results for the McLaren Formula One team. The second table includes results from privately owned McLaren cars in World Championship Grands Prix.


World Championship results

Works team entries 
Jump to: 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Notes

 – The driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but was classified, as he completed over 90% of the race distance.
 – Half points awarded as less than 75% of the race distance was completed.
 – Up until , not all points scored by a constructor contributed to their final World Championship tally (see list of points scoring systems for more information). Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.
 – Points total includes points scored by private entries.
 – McLaren did not receive points for the Constructors' Championship at the 2007 Hungarian Grand Prix.
 – McLaren lost all points in the 2007 Constructors' Championship as a result of a World Motorsport Council decision over the 2007 Formula One espionage controversy.

 Season in progress.
 McLaren lost all points in the 2007 Constructors Championship as a result of a World Motorsport Council decision over the 2007 Formula One espionage controversy.
 Up until , not all points scored by a constructor contributed to their final World Championship tally (see point scoring system for more information). Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.
^ Points total includes points scored by private entries.

Results of other McLaren cars
(key) (Results in bold indicate pole position)

Formula One constructor results
Formula One current
The 2007 Formula One espionage controversy, also known as "Spygate," or "Stepneygate" involves claim that the teams passed confidential technical information. It was claimed that McLaren Formula One had information from the Ferrari team. Then it was claimed that Renault F1 had information from the McLaren team.

The case involved Nigel Stepney, who used to work for Ferrari and was working at the time for McLaren. It also included Mike Coughlan, who was working for McLaren and his wife Trudy Coughlan. Ferrari claimed that Stepney stole confidential technical information. This became the subject of legal action in Italy and an FIA investigation. The case in England was dropped after Ferrari reached an agreement with the Coughlans.

The FIA penalized McLaren. The biggest penalty was that McLaren excluded (not allowed to compete) from the  Constructors' Championship. They were also fined a record-breaking $100 million (USD).

Then the FIA claimed Renault F1 had information about the 2006 and 2007 McLaren cars. Renault were found guilty of breaking the same regulation as McLaren, but Renault was not punished.

Details

Allegations against Stepney 

Nigel Stepney was working at Ferrari with Jean Todt, Ross Brawn and Rory Byrne. Michael Schumacher was their superstar driver. They were part of the team given the credit for changing the of fortunes of Ferrari in the late 1990s. 

In February 2007, Stepney said he was unhappy with some management changes made at Ferrari. On 3 July 2007, Gazzetta dello Sport reported that Ferrari had fired Stepney as a result an internal investigation.

Allegations against Mike Coughlan 
The same day Ferrari fired Stepney, they announced taking action against an engineer from McLaren, later named as Mike Coughlan. Coughlan was suspended by McLaren as a result. Court details released say that Mike Coughlan is accused to be in possession of Ferrari documentation, and that his wife is accused of photocopying them.

Allegations against Renault F1 
On 8 November 2007, the FIA announced that the Renault F1 team would be need to answer a charge of possession of confidential information relating to the 2006 and 2007 McLaren Formula One cars. The statement issued by the FIA states that Renault F1 was found to have information used by the 2006 and 2007 McLaren F1 cars.

Honda involvement 
On 6 July 2007, Honda Racing F1 released a statement confirming that Stepney and Coughlan approached the team regarding "job opportunities" in June 2007. Honda said that no confidential information had been offered or received.

References

Other websites 
World Motor Sport Council Transcripts from 26 July 2007 and 13 September 2007 

Espionage controversy
Espionage
Lithium carbonate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Li2CO3. It contains lithium and carbonate ions.

Properties
Lithium carbonate is a white solid. It dissolves in water, although not as much as sodium carbonate. It reacts with acids to make carbon dioxide. It can react with carbon dioxide temporarily to make the bicarbonate. lithium carbonate is basic in nature.

Preparation
It can be made by mixing lithium oxide or lithium hydroxide and carbon dioxide.

Production 
Lithium is extracted from two main sources: pegmatite crystals and lithium compounds from brine pools. It is also found in the rare mineral zabuyelite.

Uses
Lithium carbonate is used in various medications for treating bipolar disorder. It is also used in fireworks to make a bright red color. It is used in processing metal oxides. It can be used to make glass. It is used to glaze ceramics. It can also be used to dry cement. It is used in making lithium ion batteries. It is used in carbon dioxide detectors. It is also used make the cathodes of most lithium-ion batteries, which are made from lithium cobalt oxide.

Safety
Lithium carbonate is somewhat toxic. It is a base, and reacts with strong acids.

References

Related pages
Lithium nitride
Lithium nitrate

Lithium compounds
Carbonates
Lithium chloride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is LiCl. It contains lithium and chloride ions.

Properties
Lithium chloride is a colorless solid. It makes a bright red color in a flame. It absorbs water, unlike other alkali metal chlorides. It also dissolves more easily in water than other alkali metal chlorides.

Preparation
Lithium chloride can be made by igniting lithium and chlorine, but it is difficult because the reaction is violent. This makes the anhydrous (without water attached) form. Another way is mixing lithium oxide, lithium hydroxide, or lithium carbonate with hydrochloric acid. This makes the hydrate (water attached to the molecule). The hydrous form can be dried to the anhydrous form by heating it with hydrogen chloride gas.

Uses
Lithium chloride is used to make lithium metal. Lithium chloride is melted and electrolyzed. This makes liquid lithium metal. It is used to dry air. It is also used as a flux for aluminium. It can be used in making organic compounds. It can be used to color flames red.

Safety
Lithium chloride is somewhat toxic. It was going to be used as a salt substitute but people found that it is toxic. It affects the central nervous system.

References

Related pages
Lithium nitrate
Lithium nitride

Lithium compounds
Chlorine compounds
The oxidation state (or oxidation number) of an element is used to predict what sort of chemical compounds form.

For example, if you put hydrogen and oxygen together, they form H2O, and not H3O because the oxidation number of oxygen is −2, which means that we need two +1 hydrogens for the numbers to balance.

You can look up the oxidation state(s) of an element on many periodic tables. They are usually between −2 and +3.

Oxidation states were invented by Antoine Lavoisier to predict how oxygen reacted in chemical reactions; hence the name. Later on, we learned that Lavoisier's theory can be used to predict other reactions too, many of them have nothing to do with oxygen.

In ionic compounds, oxidation states tell us about the movement of charge within the compound. For example, chlorine has a very high electronegativity which means that it really likes electrons and sodium has a very low electronegativity which means that it really hates electrons. When sodium and chlorine are close together, sodium will give away an electron to chlorine. A change in charge has taken place; chlorine's charge has gone down which we call reduction, and sodium's charge has gone up which we call oxidation.

Chemical bonding
Oxides
Reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gaining of electrons by one of the atoms involved in the reaction between two chemicals. The term refers to the element that accepts electrons, as the oxidation state of the element that gains electrons is lowered. 

An example of a reduction is when iron reacts with oxygen, forming iron oxides such as those called rust.  The iron is oxidized and the oxygen is reduced. This is called redox. A blast furnace reverses that reaction, using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent to reduce the iron.

Related pages 
 Oxidation
 Oxidizing agent
 Reducing agent

References 

Chemistry
Potassium hydroxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KOH. It contains potassium and hydroxide ions.

Properties
It is a white powder. It dissolves easily in water to make a basic solution. It is corrosive to skin. It reacts with acids to give potassium salts. It is less common than sodium hydroxide. About 700,000 tons are made each year. It is hygroscopic, meaning that it absorbs water from the air and forms a solution. It is very hard to get the water out again. It releases heat when it is dissolved in water, similar to sodium hydroxide. It gradually reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to form potassium carbonate. It melts easily. It feels greasy when it gets on the skin because it makes soap from the fat in your skin. It is made when potassium reacts with water.

Preparation
It is made by electrolysis of a potassium chloride solution. It can also be made by reacting calcium hydroxide with potassium carbonate. The calcium carbonate precipitates and is filtered, leaving potassium hydroxide.

Uses
It is used to make soap. It is also used in organic chemistry. It can be used to make fertilizers and other potassium compounds. It is used to make diesel from plants. It is used in alkaline cells and nicads as an electrolyte. It can be used to identify mushrooms.

Related pages
Sodium
Sodium carbonate
Bicarbonate

Potassium compounds
Elverta is an unincorporated community northwest of Sacramento, California. It was named after Elverta Dike, whose husband donated property to a nearby church. It is in Sacramento County, California. The postal code of the city is 95626. In 2008 there were 6,704 people living in Elverta. Elverta is about  to Sacramento, California,  miles from Rio Linda, California  of Roseville, California, and  of Antelope, California. In 2000 there were 6,178 people living in Elverta. In other areas of Sacramento County they share the zip code 95626, also Placer County and Sutter County.

History 
It was named after Elverta Dike, whose husband donated property to a nearby church. The community of Elverta/Rio Linda is on the part on the land grant of Rancho Del Paso of 1844. In 1910, a company named Fruit Land Company of Minneapolis got  of the grant and in 1912 the area was splited with Elverta and Rio Linda.

Geography 
Elverta is an unincoporated community and it is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area; the metropolitan area including Sacramento (State capital and County seat of California), also Arden-Arcade and Roseville.

Elverta is at  (38.723216, -121.45452)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the unincorporated community has a total area of 9.1 square miles .

Notes

Other websites 
Official website of Elverta - Rio Linda on Sacramento County Website 
Elverta Joint Elementary School District 
First Baptist Church of Elverta 
Zip Code 95626 Detailed Profile
Elverta, California Information Epodunk.com 
Elverta, CA Zip Code 95626

Unincorporated communities in California
Settlements in Sacramento County, California
Elena Kagan (born April 28, 1960)  is an American lawyer and judge. She is a United States Supreme Court Justice. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 5, 2010. She is one of three women on the court. Kagan is the only Supreme Court Justice who had never been a judge before becoming a Justice. Before being a Justice, she was Solicitor General and dean of Harvard Law School. Kagan was born and raised in New York City and is Jewish.

References

1960 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
American judges
Lawyers from New York City
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American academics
Jewish judges
Jewish lawyers
People from Manhattan
Princeton University alumni
United States Solicitors General
United States Supreme Court justices
Women judges
Educators from New York City
Sonia Sotomayor (born: June 25, 1954) is a United States Supreme Court justice.  She has been on the Court since 2009, and was on a lower court before that.  When on the lower court, she ended the 1994 baseball strike. She is the first and only Latina (hispanic women) on the Court. Sotomayor is Puerto Rican and is from the Bronx.

Sotomayor was born in New York City to parents who were from Puerto Rico. As a child, she was interested in reading the Nancy Drew series and other detective stories. She had a rough childhood since her alcoholic father died when she was nine. Throughout her time in high school and at Princeton, Sotomayor was a charismatic and inspirational leader. She graduated Princeton with a history degree, went to Yale University to study law and then served as a U.S District Court judge and judge for U.S Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

References

Sources
Hutchinson, Dennis J. "Sotomayor, Sonia."  World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  8 May 2015.   
"Sonia Sotomayor." Newsmakers. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Biography in Context. Web. 8 May 2015. 

1954 births
Living people
Princeton University alumni
Puerto Rican people
United States Supreme Court justices
Yale University alumni
People from the Bronx
Lawyers from New York City
Politicians from New York City
Independent politicians in the United States
US Democratic Party politicians
Suzanne Collins (born 1962) is a writer from the U.S. state of Connecticut. She is known for writing in the fantasy and science fiction genre.

Collins started her writing career in 1991. She wrote for some television series. Later she wrote a couple of picture books and a five part series called The Underland Chronicles. In 2008, Collins published the first book of the science fiction trilogy, The Hunger Games. Soon after her publications of The Hunger Games, this trilogy became a series of movies.

Publications 
In 2003, Collins published the first book of her five book series called The Underland Chronicles. The books in the series are Gregor the Overlander, Gregor and the Prophecy of Bane, Gregor and the Curse of the Warmbloods, Gregor and the Marks of Secret, and Gregor and the Code of Claw.

In 2008 she published the science fiction novel The Hunger Games. This was the first part of a trilogy. The other two books are Catching Fire (2009) and Mockingjay (2010). The first book was a New York Times best seller. It was named in Publishers Weekly'''s "Best Books of the Year" in 2008.  Lions Gate Entertainment made a movie of the book. The movie received positive reviews from Stephen King and Stephenie Meyer. The first movie was released in 2012. It became very popular.  Lions Gate Entertainment decided to make movies of the two other books. Catching Fire (the movie) was released in 2014. The first part of the movie Mockingjay came out in late 2014.

In 2013, Collins published the book Year of the Jungle''.

References

Cech, John. “Collins, Suzanne”. World Book Student. World Book, 2015. Web. 23 Mar. 2015. 
"Suzanne Collins." Newsmakers. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2011. Biography in Context. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.

Other websites

Official website

1963 births
Living people
Writers from Hartford, Connecticut
Robert Alan Probert (June 5, 1965 – July 5, 2010) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Probert played a total of 1,016 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Detroit Red Wings and the Chicago Blackhawks. Probert was known for being a fighter and enforcer, as well as being one half of the "Bruise Brothers" with teammate Joey Kocur, during the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Probert retired from playing ice hockey in 2002 to join the Blackhawks radio broadcasting team. He finished his career fourth on the NHL's all-time list with 3,300 penalty minutes notched.

After his retirement, Probert ran into drug and legal problems. On February 05, 2003, he entered rehab to try and beat his addiction. He was arrested on June 4, 2004 after he allegedly parked his BMW SUV on the wrong side of the street and got into an altercation over drugs with bystanders. Many police officers got involved and Probert had to be subdued with a taser and stun guns.

On July 5, 2010, while boating on Lake St. Clair with his children, father-in-law, and mother-in-law, Probert experienced "severe chest pain" and collapsed. His father-in-law Dan Parkinson, the Cornwall, Ontario, chief of police, attempted CPR to save his life. He was taken to Windsor Regional Hospital's Metropolitan Campus and was pronounced dead. His funeral services were held July 9, 2010, in Windsor, Ontario. It was attended by many of his former teammates and rivals including Dino Ciccarelli, Tie Domi, Gerard Gallant, Doug Gilmour, Stu Grimson, Joey Kocur, Brad McCrimmon, Darren McCarty and Steve Yzerman, as well as the Red Wings general manager Ken Holland and owners Mike and Marian Ilitch. His eulogy was delivered by Yzerman. His brain was donated to the Sports Legacy Institute to help researchers that are studying the effects of concussions and other sports-related head injuries. In February 2011, the researchers announced at Boston University that they had found evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in Probert's brain.

References

Other websites

1985 births
2010 deaths
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Canada
Chicago Blackhawks players
Deaths from heart failure
Detroit Red Wings players
Disease-related deaths in Ontario
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Ontario Hockey League players
Deaths from chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Michael Austin Cera (born June 7, 1988 in Brampton, Ontario) is a Canadian actor who made his big screen debut in the 2000 movie Frequency as Gordy Jr., (Age 10) but first starred in the TV movie, Switching Goals as Taylor.

He was nominated for the Orange Rising Star Award in 2009.

Filmography

Television

Awards
2005 Best Actor Award - Darling, Darling at the San Gio Festival
2007 Breakthrough Artist Award - Austin Film Critics Association
2008 Canadian Comedy Award for Best Actor - Superbad
2008 Canadian Comedy Awards for Best Actor - Juno (nomination)
2009 BAFTA Rising Star Award - (nomination)

1988 births
Living people
Actors from Ontario
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Jason D. Harrow (born May 12, 1976 in Scarborough, Ontario) is a Canadian rapper/songwriter and record producer better known by his stage name, Kardinal Offishall. 

Offishall has won many awards including 3 Juno Awards, 4 MuchMusic Video Awards, 3 SOCAN Awards and 1 Canadian Urban Music Award.

Discography
Kardinal Offishall has released 5 studio albums and 1 EP:

Albums

EP's

Websites
Kardinal Offisha's Official website

1976 births
Living people
Canadian musicians
Canadian rap musicians
People from Ontario
Dangerous is a 2008 R&B song by Kardinal Offishall and featured R&B singer Akon. The song was released March 2008 on the radio and April 1, 2008 on iTunes. The song is from Kardinal Offishall's 2008 album, Not 4 Sale. 

The song won Single of the Year at the 2009 Juno Awards and was certified 3x Platinum by the CRIA.

2008 songs
Justin Irvin Upton (born August 25, 1987) is an American professional baseball player. He plays as a outfielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim of Major League Baseball (MLB). Upton has also played for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Atlanta Braves, San Diego Padres and the Detrit Tigers. He was selected first overall by the Diamondbacks in the 2005 MLB Draft and was the Youngest Player in the National League in 2007. Upton was selected in 2009 for his first All-Star selection.

On December 19, 2014, the Braves traded Upton along with Aaron Northcraft to the San Diego Padres in exchange for Max Fried, Jace Peterson, Dustin Peterson, and Mallex Smith.

Upton signed a six-year contract with the Detroit Tigers prior to the 2016 season. He was traded to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim on August 31, 2017.

References

Other websites

1987 births
Living people
People from Norfolk, Virginia
Sportspeople from Virginia
African-American baseball players
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Atlanta Braves players
Detroit Tigers players
San Diego Padres players
National League All-Stars
Tetris DS is a 2006 puzzle game that was developed and published by Nintendo and was distributed by Nintendo. It was released on March 20, 2006 in North America, April 13, 2006 in Australasia, April 21, 2006 in Europe, April 27, 2006 in Japan and July 7, 2007 in South Korea. The game has Nintendo themed levels: Balloon Fight, Super Mario Bros., Metroid, The Legend of Zelda, Donkey Kong, and Yoshi's Cookie and the game received mostly positive reviews, selling over 2.05 million copies worldwide.

Ratings
Tetris DS has been rated very well by many top ranking sites:

IGN - 9/10
GamePro - 5/5
Nintendo Power - 9.5/10
1UP.com - 9/10
Gamespot - 7.5/10
Game Informer - 9.25/10
GameSpy - 9/10
Nintendo World Report - 9/10
Official Nintendo Magazine - 82%
Metacritic - 84%
Game Rankings - 87%

Other websites 
 Tetris DS' Official website

2006 video games
Nintendo DS games
Potassium chloride (also known as potassium salt) is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KCl. It contains potassium and chloride ions.

Properties
It is a colorless crystalline solid. It is not reactive. It is similar to sodium chloride. It reacts with silver nitrate to make silver chloride. It reacts with sodium metal when very hot to make potassium metal. The metals are a gas because it is so hot. It makes a pink color when heated in a flame.

Occurrence

Potassium chloride is found as a mineral. The mineral is called sylvite. It is also found in sylvanite, a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride.

Preparation
It is taken from the ocean. It can also be processed from the mineral sylvite or sylvanite. It is made when potassium nitrate is reacted with hydrochloric acid, making nitric acid and potassium chloride. It is made when potassium burns in chlorine.

Uses
It is used to make potassium metal. Potassium chloride is heated very hot until it melts. Sodium metal is reacted with it. The sodium metal melts and boils to make sodium gas. The sodium gas reacts with the potassium chloride to make potassium gas and sodium chloride. It can be electrolyzed in a water solution to make potassium hydroxide. It is used in food processing. It can be used to execute people in a lethal injection. It is used instead of table salt sometimes. Normally it is half table salt and half potassium chloride. It can be used to extinguish fires. It was used to make packs that get hot when squeezed, but better chemicals are used now.

Safety
Potassium chloride is toxic in very large amounts. When injected into a vein it is much more toxic.

Use in lethal injection

In the United States, people sentenced to death by lethal injection have usually been executed using three different medications.  Potassium chloride is the third medication.  It is given after a sedative (to put the prisoner to sleep) and a medicine that paralyzes the prisoner.  Potassium chloride works by speeding up the heart until it stops.

The use of potassium chloride in lethal injections is controversial.  For example, one scientist who studied the three-drug combination called potassium chloride "extremely painful."   United States Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer used her research to argue that lethal injection is cruel and unusual punishment.  Other doctors agree that if the drugs are not given correctly, a prisoner could experience "a great deal of pain" or "excruciating [terribly painful] suffering."

However, other doctors say that lethal injection is less painful than other ways of executing people, like using an electric chair or a gas chamber.  They also say that if the three drugs are given correctly, lethal injection should be pain-free.  Because doctors are supposed to "do no harm", many executions are now done by people who are not doctors.  Supporters of lethal injection say that mistakes, not the drugs themselves, are what cause pain.

References

Potassium compounds
Chlorine compounds
Sodium bromide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NaBr. It is made of sodium and bromide ions.

Properties
Sodium bromide is a white solid. It dissolves easily in water. When it is heated very strongly in air, it makes bromine gas. It also reacts with chlorine to make liquid bromine.

Preparation
It is made by reacting hydrogen bromide with sodium hydroxide. It can be made by mixing sodium and bromine, although this reaction is very violent.

Uses
It was used in medicine as a hypnotic and sedative. Potassium bromide is also used for this purpose. It is used to make other bromine compounds that are organic. It was used to make silver bromide. It can be used as a disinfectant with chlorine in pools. It can be used to make dense fluids for drilling oil wells.

Safety
Sodium bromide is only toxic in large amounts, like sodium chloride.

Related pages
Sodium fluoride
Sodium chloride
Sodium iodide

Sodium compounds
Bromine compounds
Bromide is the reduced form of bromine. It is an ion. It exists when another element, such as sodium, gives away electrons to bromine, turning it into bromide. The aluminium turns into an aluminum ion, and both ions bond to form sodium bromide, a chemical compound. Bromides are normally colorless and nontoxic.

Bromide can also refer to an overused saying or idiom, such as "quick as a mouse" and "big as an elephant". In writing it is recommended to use fresh expressions and not over used ones.

Bromine compounds
Saratoga Trunk is a 1945 American romance movie directed by Sam Wood and written by Edna Ferber and Casey Robinson. Flora Robson who played Ingrid Bergman's servant in the movie was nominated for a Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Cast
Gary Cooper as Colonel Clint Maroon
Ingrid Bergman as Clio Dulaine
Flora Robson as Angelique Buiton
Jerry Austin as Cupidon
John Warburton as Bartholomew Van Steed
Florence Bates as Sophie Bellop
Curt Bois as Augustin Haussy
John Abbott as Roscoe Bean

Other websites
Saratoga Trunk at TCM Movie Database

1945 movies
1940s romance movies
English-language movies
American romance movies
Movies directed by Sam Wood
Iron(II) hydroxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Fe(OH)2. It has iron and hydroxide ions in it. The iron is in its +2 oxidation state.

Properties 
When pure, it is a white solid. It very easily turns dark green in air, which is its normal form. It then reacts with more oxygen to turn brown as iron(III) oxide is formed. It is a reducing agent.

Preparation
It can be formed by electrolysis of water with a piece of iron metal as the anode (positive connector). A green slime will appear around it, and hydrogen will be released at the cathode (negative connector). It is normally made by reacting iron(II) sulfate with sodium hydroxide.

Uses
It was being investigated as a detoxifier in wetlands. Some wetlands have toxic selenite and selenate ions in them. Iron(II) hydroxide reduces them to selenium, which is much less toxic. It is also used in the nickel-iron battery.

Related pages
Iron(II) oxide
Iron(II) chloride

Iron compounds

fr:Hydroxyde de fer
James William Ward (September 1, 1906 – November 15, 1990) was a right winger in the NHL from 1928 - 1939. Jimmy Ward's son, Pete Ward, played nine seasons of professional baseball, winning TSN Rookie Of The Year honors in 1963 while playing for the Chicago White Sox.

Playing career
He played his entire NHL career in Montreal. It began in the 1928 season with the Montreal Maroons. He would stay with the English Montreal team until they folded following the 1938 season. Along the way he scored 10 or more goals in 10 of 11 seasons during a time when the regular season was only 48 games long. He won the Stanley Cup in 1935. He played in the Ace Bailey Benefit Game in 1934 and the Howie Morenz Memorial Game in 1937. When the Maroons folded he joined the rival Montreal Canadiens for the 1939 season.

Coaching career
In 1940 he served as a player/coach of the New Haven Eagles of the IAHL. He would later serve as head coach of the PCHL's Portland Eagles and Portland Penguins.

Awards and achievements
Played in Ace Bailey Benefit Game
Played in Howie Morenz Memorial Game

Career statistics

Other websites

1906 births
1990 deaths
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Montreal Canadiens players
Montreal Maroons players
People from Thunder Bay
Stanley Cup champions
Gary Raymond Veneruzzo (born June 28, 1943) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played seven games in the National Hockey League and 348 games in the World Hockey Association. Veneruzzo played for with the St. Louis Blues, Los Angeles Sharks, Michigan Stags, Baltimore Blades, Cincinnati Stingers, Phoenix Roadrunners, and San Diego Mariners. Veneruzzo was born in Fort William, Ontario.

NHL Career ST. Louis Blues Forward 1967-68 Record

Other websites

1943 births
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
People from Thunder Bay
St. Louis Blues players
World Hockey Association players
Victor William Venasky (born March 6, 1951 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a retired professional ice hockey player. After playing college hockey at the University of Denver, Venasky went on to play 430 games in the National Hockey League with the Los Angeles Kings.  He now coaches youth hockey in Southern California.

Awards and honours

References

Other websites

1951 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Los Angeles Kings players
People from Thunder Bay
Central Professional Hockey League players
NFPA 704, also known as a fire diamond, is a diamond-shaped sign or picture that tells people about the hazards of a chemical compound.  It was designed in 1960 by the National Fire Protection Association, as a way of quickly telling firefighters and other emergency workers what kind of dangers might be nearby.

The sign is made of four smaller diamonds: a red one on top, a yellow one on the right, a white one on the bottom, and a blue one on the left.  Numbers or symbols in these boxes tell how dangerous the chemical is.  

The red diamond tells how flammable the chemical compound is: how easily it catches fire.  The yellow diamond tells about reactivity: how quickly the compound reacts with other materials.  (For example, some chemicals, like ammonium nitrate, explode when they touch water; this is an example of reactivity.)  The blue diamond tells how dangerous the chemical is to a person's health.  Each of these three diamonds - red, yellow, and blue - are given a score between 0 and 4.  A score of 0 means there is no danger.  A score of 4 means there is the worst possible danger.

The white diamond has codes for "special hazards."  For example, if a chemical like ammonium nitrate should not touch water because it will explode, a W with a line through it will be written in the white diamond.

Codes

Related pages
Material Data Safety Sheet

References

Standards
Codes
Chemistry
Fluorite is the mineral form of calcium fluoride.  It has a chemical formula of CaF2  where Ca stands for calcium, and F2 stands for Fluorine. 

Fluorite is the main source of fluorine and fluorides.  It naturally fluoridates drinking water in places where it is found.  It has a hardness of 5. It barely dissolves in water.  Geologists have found about 9000 deposits of fluorite found on the Earth.  It is mainly mined in China, Mexico and Russia.

Related pages
Fluoride
Fluorine

Minerals
Fluoride is the reduced form of fluorine. When fluorine gains an electron by taking it from another substance (oxidizing it), it converts into fluoride. Fluoride is found in toothpaste and helps prevent tooth decay. Fluoride is added artificially to drinking water in some places and has caused a controversy over the harmful effects versus the benefits of fluoridation.

Related pages
Fluorine
Fluorite, a natural fluoride
Fluoridation

Chemicals
Fluoridation is the adding of fluorine compounds (fluorides) to various substances, especially toothpaste and drinking water. Government officials, scientists, and doctors say that Fluoridation helps prevent tooth decay and cavities, but it also has harmful effects in larger doses, creating a controversy over whether water should be fluoridated.

Related pages
Fluoride
Fluorine
Fluorite

Chemistry
{{Infobox Album | 
| name = Beck, Bogert & Appice
| type = Album
| artist = Beck, Bogert & Appice
| cover = 
| released = 1973
| recorded = May 18, 1973 to May 19, 1973
| genre = Blues-rock, Hard rock
| length = 36:57
| label = Epic Records
| producer = Don Nix
|  Reviews     = *Allmusic  link
| prev_title = 
, Bogert & Appice(1973)
| next_title = Live in Japan(1974)
}}Beck, Bogert & Appice''''' is the first album by the '70s band Beck, Bogert & Appice.

Songs in the album

Personnel 
 Jeff Beck: guitar and vocals
 Tim Bogert: bass and vocals
 Carmine Appice: drums and vocals

1973 albums
Blues rock albums
Hard rock albums
Wonderwall is a single by the rock band Oasis.  It was written by Noel Gallagher.  Wonderwall comes from (What's the Story) Morning Glory?, Oasis's second album.  The song also appears on Stop the Clocks and Time Flies... 1994-2009.  It was the only song that reached the top 10 in America on the Hot 100 for Oasis.  It also reached number 1 in four countries and reached the top 10 in 10 countries.

Background
Noel Gallagher says the song was written about a girl he met at a concert when he was touring with Oasis.
It is said that "Wonderwall" was written for Gallagher's then-girlfriend, Meg Mathews.  Gallagher now says the song was not about her, but he did say "The meaning of that song was taken away from me by the media who jumped on it.  How do you tell your Mrs it's not about her once she's read it is? It's a song about an imaginary friend who's gonna come and save you from yourself."

In 2008 Liam Gallagher said this about the song: "I can't fucking stand that fucking song! Every time I have to sing it I want to gag. Problem is, it was a big, big tune for us." Noel said that Liam, "...thought we had gone too dance when I wrote 'Wonderwall' because the drums didn't go boom-boom bap, boom-boom bap."

Recording
The song was recorded at Rockfield Studios in Wales in May of 1995.  According to producer Owen Morris, the song was done in 6 to 8 hours.

In the beginning, Noel wanted to sing this song, but he gave his brother Liam Gallagher the choice, and Noel ended up singing "Don't Look Back in Anger".  He later said he had only ever wanted to sing "Don't Look Back in Anger", and had used "Wonderwall" as a bargaining tool.

Music video
The music video to the song was filmed in the short period when bassist Paul "Guigsy" McGuigan quit the band due to nervous exhaustion; Scott McLeod came in to replace him.

The song won Best British Video at the 1996 BRIT Awards.

Awards and recognition
In January 1996, the song was voted #1 in the Australian Triple J Hottest 100 1995, the world's largest music poll.
In the Grammy Awards of 1997 "Wonderwall" and Oasis were nominated for Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and Best Rock Song.  They did not win either.
In May 2005, "Wonderwall" was voted the best British song of all time in a poll conducted by Virgin Radio.
In August 2006, "Wonderwall" was named the second-greatest song of all time in a poll conducted by Q Magazine, finishing behind another Oasis song, "Live Forever".
In 2006, U2's guitarist The Edge named "Wonderwall" one of the songs he wishes he had written.
In May 2007, NME magazine placed "Wonderwall" at number 27 in its list of the 50 Greatest Indie Anthems Ever.
In 20 December 2007, VH1 placed "Wonderwall" at number 35 in its list of the 100 Greatest Songs of the '90s.
In July 2009, "Wonderwall" was voted at number #12 in the Hottest 100 of all time countdown poll, conducted by Triple J. More than half a million votes were cast.

Charts

Chart sequence

References

1995 songs
Oasis (band) songs
Iron(III) chloride, also known as ferric chloride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is FeCl3. It has iron and chloride ions in it. The iron is in its +3 oxidation state.

Properties
Iron(III) chloride is a yellow solid. It dissolves in water to make a colloid of iron(III) oxide, making the water look muddy. When it is dissolved in an acidic solution, it is bright yellow. When it is very concentrated in a solution, it is dark brown. It is corrosive to skin and metals. It reacts with iron to produce iron(II) chloride. It fumes hydrochloric acid in moist air. It is a weak oxidizing agent. It reacts with copper(I) chloride to make copper(II) chloride. It breaks down when heated to make chlorine and iron(II) chloride.

Preparation
It can be made by mixing hydrochloric acid and iron(III) oxide. It can be made by mixing iron and chlorine. It can also be made by reacting iron(II) chloride with chlorine at a low temperature.

Uses
It is used in sewage processing. It reacts with slightly basic water to make a "floc" that can remove things from the water. It used to react with copper in circuit boards; iron(III) nitrate is sometimes used too. It is used as a catalyst in making plastics. It is used in certain tests as a reagent.

Related pages
Iron(III) sulfate
Iron(II) sulfate

Iron compounds
Chlorine compounds
A V10 engine, often just called a V10, is an internal combustion engine with 10 cylinders. The engine has five cylinders on each side called banks. The two banks form a "V"-shaped angle. All ten pistons turn a common crankshaft. A V10 engine can be powered by different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel and natural gas.

Road cars 

Until recently, V10s had rarely been used for road cars. A V12 runs smoother and is only a little harder to build. A V8 is easier to build and costs less to run.  New technology has made the use of V10 engines more practical.

Dodge designed a V10 for use in trucks.  The engine was revised and used in the Dodge Viper. Ford developed a heavy-duty V10 engine for use in their trucks. 

European car builders later adopted the V10 configuration. High power V10 engines were put into supercars from Lamborghini and Porsche.  BMW and Audi then added V10s to their mid-range cars. Volkswagen developed a V10 turbodiesel engine.

Racing 
The largest use of the V10 engines has been in Formula One racing. Alfa Romeo made the first modern Formula One V10 in 1986, but it was never used in a race car. Later the V10 was introduced by Honda and Renault before the  season. After turbochargers were banned, the V10 engine was often used. V10 engines were the only type used from the 1998 season. V10s were banned for the  season and Formula One teams started using V8 engines. 

There are other cars with V10 engines in auto racing. The most common is the Judd engine.

References 

Motors
Iron(II) sulfate, also known as ferrous sulfate or copperas, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is FeSO4. It is made of iron and sulfate ions. The iron is in its +2 oxidation state.

Properties
It is a blue-green crystalline solid when hydrated and white when anhydrous. It is a reducing agent. It reacts with oxygen in the air to produce a brown coating of iron(III) sulfate and iron(III) oxide. This coating is very corrosive. It dissolves in water to make a blue-green solution. When it is heated strongly, it breaks down into sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, and iron(III) oxide. It reacts with nitric acid to make nitric oxide. It also reacts with chlorine to make iron(III) sulfate and iron(III) chloride.

Occurrence
Iron(II) sulfate is found as a mineral. The greenish heptahydrate is the most common. It is made when sulfide minerals like pyrite are oxidized to sulfate.

Preparation
It is made by reacting iron with sulfuric acid. This reaction makes hydrogen gas and leaves behind iron(II) sulfate. It can also be made by oxidation of pyrite, an iron sulfide material. according to Pankaj law

Uses
It is used to get the necessary iron in foods. It can reduce chromate in cement to harmless chromium compounds like chromium(III) oxide. It was also used to make ink. It can be used to color concrete.

Related pages
Iron(II) chloride
Cobalt(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate

Sulfur compounds
Iron compounds
Iron(III) sulfate, also known as ferric sulfate, is a chemical compound. It has iron in its +3 oxidation state and sulfate ions.

Properties
It is a white to yellow to pale purple crystalline solid. It is a weak oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to make an acidic solution.

Occurrence
It is found as a mixed iron(III) aluminium sulfate. This is the anhydrous form. Several hydrated forms are found, too. Much more iron(III) sulfate is found in Mars. One of the rovers that travel on Mars got stuck in a pit of iron(III) sulfate and could not get out.

Preparation
It is made by mixing sulfuric acid, iron(II) sulfate, and an oxidizing agent like nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide together. It is made when iron(III) oxide reacts with sulfuric acid. It is also made when iron(II) sulfate is oxidized by exposure to oxygen.

Uses
It is used as a mordant in dyeing. It is also used to coagulate waste to remove the toxic parts. It is also used in baths to clean metals. It can be used as a pigment. It is used as an astringent in medicine. It stops bleeding.

Related pages
Iron(III) chloride
Iron(II) chloride

jnk

Sulfur compounds
Iron compounds
Chromate is an ion that contains one chromium atom (in its +6 oxidation state) and four oxide atoms. Its formula is CrO4. Its overall charge is -2. Dichromate is similar, but it contains two chromium atoms and seven oxide atoms (therefore, Cr2O7).

Chromate and dichromate are strongly oxidizing in acidic conditions, but weakly oxidizing in basic conditions. Chromates are generally bright yellow, while dichromates are generally orange or red. They can be made by reaction of chromium(III) oxide and a metal oxide in a basic environment. They can be destroyed by reaction with reducing agents. The oxygen in the air boosts the chromium atom's oxidation state from +3 to +6. 

Chromates and dichromates are harmful when powdered because the dust is carcinogenic (it can cause cancer). This can be avoided by reducing chromate with something like iron(II) sulfate.

Examples
Chromates
Sodium chromate
Potassium chromate

Dichromates
Potassium dichromate
Ammonium dichromate

Related pages
Chromium
Chromium(III) oxide

Chromium compounds
Michael Richard Tomlak (born October 17, 1964 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a former professional ice hockey centre who played four seasons for the Hartford Whalers of the National Hockey League.

Tomlak was drafted 208th overall by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft. He played 141 career NHL games, scoring 15 goals and 22 assists for 37 points.

Other websites

1964 births
Canadian ice hockey centres
Hartford Whalers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
People from Thunder Bay
American Hockey League players
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Ontario Hockey League players