cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Guayas () is a coastal province in Ecuador. It is bordered to the west by Manabí, Santa Elena, and the Pacific Ocean. With over 3 million people, it is the most populous province in Ecuador. The largest city of Ecuador, Guayaquil, is within the province.

Political divisions
The province is divided into 25 cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2001 census, its area in square kilometres (km²), and the name of the canton seat or capital.

References

Provinces of Ecuador
Esmeraldas () is a province in northwestern Ecuador. The capital is Esmeraldas.

Cantons 
The province is divided into 7 cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2019 census, its area in square kilometres (km²), and the name of the canton seat or capital.

References

Provinces of Ecuador
Pramod Vyankatesh Mahajan (30 October 1949 – 3 May 2006) was an Indian politician. At the time of his death, he was in a power struggle for the leadership of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was a member of the Rajya Sabha and a General Secretary of his party. As Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's telecommunications minister between 2001 and 2003, he played a major role in India's cellular revolution.

On 22 April 2006, he was shot at and fatally injured by his brother Pravin Mahajan in Mumbai. He died thirteen days later on 3 May at the age of 56.

References

1949 births
2006 deaths
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians
Indian politicians
Assassinated people
Murders by firearm
The Great Dictator is a 1940 American political satire comedy-drama movie written, directed, produced, scored by, and starring British comedian Charlie Chaplin, following the tradition of many of his other movies.

References

1940 movies
1940s comedy movies
Movies directed by Charlie Chaplin
Modern Times may refer to modern history.

Modern Times may also refer to:
 Modern Times (movie), a 1936 Charlie Chaplin movie
 Modern Times (Al Stewart album), a 1975 album by Al Stewart
 Modern Times (Jefferson Starship album), a 1981 album by Jefferson Starship
 Modern Times (Latin Quarter album), a 1985 album by Latin Quarter
 Modern Times (Bob Dylan album), a 2006 album by Bob Dylan
 Modern Times (IU album), a 2013 Korean album by South Korean singer IU
 "Modern Times" (song), a 2004 song by J-five
 Modern Times (band), a band from Luxembourg 
 Modern Times, a BBC Two documentary series
 Modern Times: A History of the World from the 1920s to the 1980s, a 1984 book by Paul Johnson
 Modern Times Group, a Swedish media company
 Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century, an exhibition held in winter 2014–2015 at the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
 Tiempos Modernos, a Mexican political group that is part of the National Assembly of the Socialist Left
 Wenming Xiaoshi ("A Brief History of Modern Times"), a 1903 Chinese novel
 Modern Times, a 1983 song by Prism from the album Beat Street
 Utopian Community of Modern Times, an anarchist individualist community in 19th-century New York state
 Les Temps modernes, a French journal

Related pages
 Early modern period
The Prague West District (Czech: okres Praha-západ) is a district of the Central Bohemian Region in the Czech Republic.

Other websites
Czech statistical office

Bohemia
Czech Republic
The Central Bohemian Region is a region of the Czech Republic. It covers 14% of the country, with the highest population of any region of the Czech Republic. The capital city for the region is Prague.

Important rivers in the region are Elbe, Vltava, Berounka, Jizera and Sázava. Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area is in Central Bohemia.

Administrative divisions
The Central Bohemian Region is divided into 12 districts:

References

Regions of the Czech Republic
Bohemia
The Winchester Model 1897 was an early pump-action shotgun invented by John Moses Browning. It was so popular that it was used by the US military during both World War I and World War II. It was a deadly weapon a short range, especially in trenches, so the military was called the "trench gun". Even though the gun was pump action, the shooter could shoot quickly by holding down the trigger while pumping the shotgun.
Shotguns
Proscription is a ’decree of condemnation to death or banishment’ (Oxford English Dictionary).

It may refer to state-approved murder or banishment. The term originated in Ancient Rome,  where a person could officially be declared an enemy of the state. It often involved confiscation of property. 

In addition to its use the Roman Republic, it has become a standard term. It has been used since to describe similar governmental and political actions. It is used to suppress opposing ideologies. Also, it is used to eliminate political rivals or personal enemies.

References 

Words
Politics
José Ángel Nápoles, nicknamed Mantequilla ("Butter", because of his smooth boxing style), (April 13, 1940 – August 16, 2019) was a Cuban-born Mexican boxer and a World Welterweight Champion. He was ranked as one of the greatest fighters of all time. He was a member of the International Boxing Hall of Fame. His record of the most wins in unified championship bouts in boxing history, shared with Muhammad Ali, was unbeaten for 40 years. 

Nápoles died on August 16, 2019 in Mexico City after a long-illness at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Mexico
Cuban sportspeople
Boxers
Sportspeople from Mexico City
Hugh Hudson (born 25 August 1936) is an English movie director. Hudson directed the 1981 Academy Award and BAFTA Award Best Picture Chariots of Fire. He was born in London.

References

Other websites
 

Hugh Hudson  at BFI
Hugh Hudson at TCM UK
Hugh Hudson at ScreenOnline
Hugh Hudson at AllMovie
Hugh Hudson showreel

1936 births
Living people
Movie directors from London
Faisal Masud () ( 16 October 1954 – 16 August 2019) was a Pakistani educator and physician. He was the vice-chancellor of the University of Health Sciences and a vice-chancellor of the King Edward Medical University, Lahore from January 2013 through February 2017. He also was the principal of Services Hospital and Services Institute of Medical Sciences in Lahore, Pakistan.

His area of interest was endocrinology. He was awarded the tamgha-e-imtiaz for his role in dengue epidemic.

Masud was born in Gujrat. He died of cardiac arrest on 16 August 2019 in Lahore, aged 64.

References

1954 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Physicians
Pakistani educators
Pakistani scientists
The Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan is the head of government of Kyrgyzstan. Until 2010, the President was in a stronger position than the Prime Minister in Kyrgyzstan.

After the 2010 constitutional referendum, the state became a parliamentary system, creating greater power in parliament.

References
Sir Maurice Henry Dorman  (7 August 1912 – 26 October 1993) was a British diplomat. He was the representative of the British Monarchy in Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Sierra Leone, and Malta. 

He was in Sierra Leone from 1956 until 1962, for which he was knighted in 1957. From 27 April 1961 (Sierra Leone's independence day) to 27 April 1962, Dorman was the Governor-General of Sierra Leone. From 1962 until 1964, he was the Colonial Governor of Malta and then became Governor-General of Malta from September 1964 until July 1971, when he was replaced by Sir Anthony Mamo.

References

1912 births
1993 deaths
British politicians
British diplomats
Old World flycatcher is the name for many small birds that usually feed on insects. They are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds 

As the name suggests, these birds only occur in the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa). The group is related to the common sparrow.

These are mainly small insectivores. Many of them, as the name suggests, take their prey on the wing. The family includes 324 species and is divided into 51 genera.

References 

Passeriformes
Sini (Sìni) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 30 September 2018, 523 people lived there. Its area is 8.75 km². It is 255 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Azuay (), Province of Azuay is a province of Ecuador. Its capital is Cuenca.

Cantons 
The province is divided into 15 cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the 2019 census, its area in square kilometres (km2), and the name of the canton seat or capital.

References 

Provinces of Ecuador
1824 establishments
Walter Hauser (1 May 1837 – 22 October 1902) was a Swiss politician. He was a member of the Swiss Federal Council from 1888 to 1902.

He was elected to the Federal Council on 13 December 1888 and died in office on 22 October 1902. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland.

During his office time he held the following departments:
 Military Department (1889 - 1890)
 Department of Finance (1891 - 1899)
 Political Department (1900)
 Department of Finance (1901 - 1902)
He was President of the Confederation twice in 1892 and 1900.

Further reading

Other websites 
 
 

1837 births
1902 deaths
Presidents of the Swiss Confederation
Calvinists
Ernst Brenner (9 December 1856 – 11 March 1911) was a Swiss politician.

He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 25 March 1897 and died in office on 11 March 1911. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party. 

During his office time he held the following departments:
 Department of Justice and Police (1897 - 1900)
 Political Department as President of the Confederation (1901)
 Department of Justice and Police (1902 - 1907)
 Political Department as President of the Confederation (1908)
 Department of Justice and Police (1909 - 1911)

Other websites 
 
 

1856 births
1911 deaths
Presidents of the Swiss Confederation
Calvinists
Leflore County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 32,317 people lived there. Its county seat is Greenwood.

References 

1870s establishments in Mississippi
1871 establishments in the United States
Mississippi counties
Riverhead is a town in and the county seat of Suffolk County, New York. It is on the north shore of Long Island. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,506.

References 

Towns in New York
County seats in New York
Lei (Lèi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2018, 499 people lived there. Its area is 19.11 km². It is 456 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Opt-out are several methods by which individuals can decide not to receive unwanted products or service information. This option is usually related with direct marketing campaigns such as, e-mail marketing, or direct mail.

Marketing
The Hamza River (Portuguese: Rio Hamza) is a recent discovery. Under the ground in the Amazon area is a huge slowly moving waterway. This slowly flowing aquifer in Brazil is about  long. It is nearly   below ground level. Its discovery was announced in 2011. The Hamza "river" and the Amazon River are a twin-river system flowing at different levels of the Earth's crust.

Description

The Hamza and the Amazon are the two main drainage systems for the Amazon Basin. The reported flow rate of the Hamza, at about  per second, is 3% of the Amazon's. It runs west to east, some  below the Earth's surface, and follows roughly the path of the Amazon River. The Hamza empties in the Atlantic Ocean, deep under the surface. Its own water has a high salt content.

It flows from the Andean foothills to the Atlantic coast in a nearly west-to-east direction like the Amazon River. Seismic data and temperature variation with depth measured in 241 inactive oil wells helped find the aquifer.

Except for the flow direction, the Amazon and the Hamza have very different characteristics. The most obvious ones are their width and flow speed. While the Amazon is  to  wide, the Hamza is  to  in width. But the flow speed is   in the Amazon and less than  speed in the Hamza.

Geology
Several geological factors have played a vital role in the formation and existence of these subterranean water bodies. Water has worn away calcium carbonate rocks far under the ground. Water drops to great depths. East-west trending faults and the karst topography  may have some role in supplying water to the "river".

The 153 km-long underground river in Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, and the 8.2 km-long Cabayugan River in the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park in the Philippines have come into being thanks to the karst topography. Water in these places has dissolved the carbonate rock to form  extensive underground river systems.

References 

Rivers of Brazil
NSYNC, (sometimes called *NSYNC or 'N Sync) was an American pop boy band formed in Orlando, Florida in 1990. The five members of the group were Justin Timberlake, JC Chasez, Chris Kirkpatrick, Joey Fatone and Lance Bass. The group's second album, No Strings Attached, sold over one million copies in one day and 2.42 million copies in one week, which was a record for over fifteen years. They also provided songs on the Billboard Hot 100 including Bye Bye Bye, Tearin' Up My Heart and It's Gonna Be Me, which became NSYNC's only number-one song on the chart. They took a break after their very last concert on March 29, 1997, but never released new music since. Afterwards, Timberlake and Chasez released solo albums. Justin Timberlake went on to become one of the world's best-selling music artists, with more than 56 million records sold throughout his solo career.

Members 

 Justin Timberlake - Tenor (Co-Lead)
 JC Chasez - Tenor (Co-Lead)
 Chris Kirkpatrick - Countertenor
 Joey Fatone - Baritone
 Lance Bass - Bass

Albums 

*NSYNC - May 26, 1992 (Germany) | March 24, 1993 (US)
Home For Christmas - November 10, 1993
The Winter Album - November 17, 1993 (Germany)
No Strings Attached - March 21, 1995
Celebrity - July 24, 1996
Greatest Hits - October 25, 2000

Tours 
Headlining
 For the Girl Tour (1997)
 NSYNC in Concert (1998–2000)
 No Strings Attached Tour (2000)
 PopOdyssey Tour (2001)
 Celebrity Tour (2002)
 Supporting Act
 The Velvet Rope Tour (supporting Janet Jackson) (1998)

Legacy
Entertainment Weekly ranked NSYNC as the best boy band of the period late 90s and 2000s; editor Madelne Boardman stated, "the group has a spot in pop history more than a decade late." The Washington Post stated it was one of the two boy bands "that dominated the late '90s and early '00s." According to Billboard, No Strings Attached was the top album of the 2000s (decade), with The Independent listing it among the albums "that marked the decade." Billboard also ranked the group at number four on their list of the biggest boy bands (from the period 1987–2012) according to chart performance, with the staff writing, "despite having one of the most short-lived boy band careers, 'N Sync was arguably the most famous." Several acts have cited the group as an influence, including Kelsea Ballerini, Selena Gomez, Meghan Trainor, Why Don't We and Hayley Williams. On April 30, 2018, NSYNC reunited to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

References

Other websites 
 Official site 
 Facebook

1990 establishments in the United States
1990s American music groups
1990s establishments in Florida
American boy bands
American pop music groups
Musical groups established in 1990
Musical groups from Orlando, Florida
Musical quintets
1990s disestablishments in Florida
1997 disestablishments in the United States
Stress management is the name for a number of techniques to control the level of psychical stress situations. It is usually done to impove  everyday functioning. Stress produces many physical and mental symptoms which are different in every individual situation. Stress can make physical health worse, and it can lead to clinical depression.   The process of stress management is named as one of the keys to a happy and successful life in modern society Although life provides numerous demands that can prove difficult to handle, stress management provides a number of ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well-being.

Health
František Salzer (August 30, 1902, Sušice  – December 23, 1974, Prague) was a Czechoslovak theatre director, theatre actor, film actor, University professor and translator.

Biography 
He studied at Prague Conservatory (1920–1924). 
In the season of 1924/1925 he started his career at Olomouc Theatre as actor and later on as Theatre Director. In 1930 he came to Prague as Theater Director of Vinohrady Theatre. He stayed at Vinohrady Theatre till the end on the 2nd World War.   During his time at the Vinohrady Theater, Salzer has directed over 120 plays by world and Czech authors (incl. W. Shakespeare, Oscar Wilde, Carlo Goldoni, G. B. Shaw, F. Schiller, Stefan Zweig, Jiří Mahen, J. K. Tyl, Viktor Dyk, V. K. Klicpera, etc.) Then he was the Dean of this Faculty in three periods (1954–1955,  1958–1961 and 1963–1970)  and acted as professor of this Faculty till his death in 1974.
 
Salzer was also translator of theatre plays (e.g. Stefan Zweig: Ovečka chudých – Das Lamm des Armen, Fritz Hochwälder: Tlustý anděl z Rouenu – Boule de suif, etc. ).  

His first wife, Eva Adamcová (1895–1972), with whom he has been living for 42 years, was an actress and translator. From August 1923 she was a member of the Slovak National Theater in Bratislava.

References

Citations

Bibliography
 Vlastimil Blažek: Sborník na paměť 125 let Konservatoře hudby v Praze, Vyšehrad, Praha, 1936, pp. 145, 461, 462, 464, 514
 František Černý: Theater – Divadlo, Orbis, Praha, 1965, pp. 65, 71, 117, 119, 123, 144, 368–370, 378–9, 409
 Kolektiv autorů: Dějiny českého divadla/IV., Academia, Praha, 1983, pp. 82, 122, 178, 262, 277, 367, 369, 371, 373, 417, 478–9, 484–6, 504, 508, 512, 525, 610, 619, 626, 628, 635, 649, 659, 665–7
 V. Müller a kol.: Padesát let Městských divadel pražských 1907–1957, issued by Ústřední národní výbor hl. m. Prahy, Praha, 1958, pp. 15, 36–8, 61, 100, 106–8, 110, 130–164, 180
 Redakce umělecké správy divadla: Čtvrtstoletí Městského divadla na Král. Vinohradech, jubilejní sborník, issued by Městské divadlo na Král. Vinohradech, Praha, 1932, pp. 21, 34, 44, 56, 89, 116, 135–7
  Z. Sílová, R. Hrdinová, A. Kožíková, V. Mohylová: Vinohrady Theatre 1907–2007 – Vinohradský ansámbl, issued by Divadlo na Vinohradech, Praha, 2007, pp. 45, 50, 55–9, 61–2, 65, 69, 173–9, 193, 
 Jiří Žák a kol.: Divadlo na Vinohradech 1907–2007 – Vinohradský příběh, issued by Divadlo na Vinohradech, Praha, 2007, pp. 157, 164, 188, 
 Jiří Žák: ''Divadlo na Vinohradech 1907–2017, issued by Nakladatelství XYZ,  Praha,  2017, pp. 212–3,

Other websites

František Salzer in Czech National Theater Archive
František Salzer on Česko-Slovenská filmová databáze (Czechoslovak film database)
František Salzer on Filmová databáze (Film database)

1902 births
1974 deaths
Czech actors
Czech theatre directors
Janelle M. Burke is a botanist in the US. She has been affiliated with Cornell University and Howard University.

She specializes in plant systematics and plant evolutionary biology of Polygonaceae.

This author is usually abbreviated «Jan.M.Burke» when citing a botanical name.

Works
-& Adriana Sanchez 2011
Revised subfamily classification for Polygonaceae with a tribal classification for Eriogonoideae Brittonia 63(4): 510–520.

References

Botanists
Scientists from California
Neuenhagen bei Berlin is a municipality in the Märkisch-Oderland district in the German state of Brandenburg. It is about 19 km east of Berlin (centre) and was founded around 1230.

References
Cove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cache County, Utah, United States. The population was 460 at the 2010 census.

References 

Census-designated places
Settlements in Utah
Interlaken is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, California, United States. The population was 7,321 at the 2010 census.

References 

Census-designated places in California
Santa Cruz County, California
Jana Pidrmanová (born March 17, 1985, Cheb) is a Czech theatre and film actress.

Biography
She spent her childhood in Františkovy Lázně and graduated from a hotel high school.  After graduation she studied at the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts (DAMU) from 2004 to 2008. Some of her teachers were Eva Salzmannová, Alois Švehlík, Jan Nebeský and Daria Ullrichová.  She also studied special education at the University of Hradec Králové.   After graduating from the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts (DAMU), she first performed at the South Bohemian Theater (Jihočeské divadlo, České Budějovice) and since 2009 has been performing at the National Theater in Prague.

Selected theatre roles
 2008 Hadar Galron: Mikve, Tehíla, Stavovské divadlo, dir. Michal Dočekal
 2010 David Harrower: Blackbird, Una, Divadlo Kolovrat, dir. Jiří Pokorný
 2011 William Shakespeare: Zkrocení zlé ženy, Bianco, Vdova, Národní divadlo, dir. Martin Čičvák
 2011 William Shakespeare: Král Lear, Regan, Národní divadlo, dir. Jan Nebeský
 2012 Molière: Pán z Prasečkova, Julie, Stavovské divadlo, dir. Hana Burešová
 2013 F. F. Šamberk: Jedenácté přikázání, Julie, Stavovské divadlo, dir. David Drábek
 2014 Josef Čapek, Karel Čapek: Ze života hmyzu, Inženýr moderátorka, Jeho larvička, Mravenec, Národní divadlo, dir. Daniel Špinar
 2014 William Shakespeare: Othello, benátský mouřenín, Bianco, Stavovské divadlo, dir. Daniel Špinar
 2015 Mike Bartlett: Zemětřesení v Londýně, Freya, Nová scéna, dir. Daniel Špinar
 2015 Ondřej Havelka, Martin Vačkář: V rytmu swingu buší srdce mé, Zdenka, a mnohé jiné, Národní divadlo, dir. Ondřej Havelka
 2015 Maurice Maeterlinck: Modrý pták, Světlo, Noc, Dcerka, Stavovské divadlo, dir. Štěpán Pácl
 2016 Vítězslav Nezval: Manon Lescaut, Manon, Národní divadlo, dir. Daniel Špinar
 2016 A. P. Čechov: Tři sestry, Máša, Stavovské divadlo, dir. Daniel Špinar

Selected film roles

References

Other websites

Jana Pidrmanová in Czech National Theater Archive 
Jana Pidrmanová on Česko-Slovenská filmová databáze (Czechoslovak film database)
Jana Pidrmanová on Filmová databáze (Film database)
Jana Pidrmanová on IMDb

1985 births
Living people
Czech stage actors
Czech movie actors
Czech television actors
The Leader of the Opposition of Belize is the politician who leads the Official Opposition in Belize and also elected official who, according to the Constitution, “commands the support of those elected official that do not support the Government. He/she speaks on behalf of the Opposition Members of Belize’s House of Representative.

List

Opposition leaders
Askar Uzaqpayevich Mamin (; born 23 October 1965) is a Kazakh politician who served as the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2022.

References

Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan
Living people
1965 births
Regina Paz "Gina" La'O López (December 27, 1953 – August 19, 2019) was a Filipino environmentalist, politician and philanthropist. She was Secretary of the Philippines' Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) under President Rodrigo Duterte from June 2016 through May 2017. She was the Chairperson of the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission from August 2010 until her death in August 2019 during the Benigno Aquino III and Duterte presidencies. Lopez was born in Manila.

Lopez died of multiple organ failure caused by brain cancer at a hospital in Makati on August 19, 2019 at the age of 65.

References

1953 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Filipino politicians
Filipino businesspeople
Filipino philanthropists
Environmentalists
People from Manila
Richard Edmund Williams (March 19, 1933 – August 16, 2019) was a Canadian–British animator, voice actor, director, and writer. He was best known for being the animation director on Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) and for his unfinished movie The Thief and the Cobbler (1993). 

He also created the title scenes for What's New Pussycat? (1965), A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1966), The Charge of the Light Brigade and the intros of the Pink Panther movies.

Williams died of cancer at his home in Bristol, England on August 16, 2019 at the age of 86.

References

1933 births
2019 deaths
Academy Award winners
Saturn Award winners
Canadian animators
British movie directors
British voice actors
British screenwriters
Canadian movie directors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian screenwriters
Writers from Toronto
Cancer deaths in England
The President of Senegal is the head of state and head of government of Senegal. According to the 2001 Constitution, the president is elected for a 7-year term.

The following is a list of presidents of Senegal, since the country gained independence from France in 1960.

The current President is Macky Sall, since 2 April 2012.

Key 
Political parties

Symbols
 Elected unopposed

Presidents of Senegal (1960–present)
Francis Kip Addotta (June 16, 1944 – August 13, 2019) was an American stand up comedian. He appeared on many talk shows during the 1970s including The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, The Mike Douglas Show,   Dinah!, American Bandstand, The Midnight Special, Don Kirshner's Rock Concert, and the game shows The Hollywood Squares .

Addotta was also featured on the Dr. Demento radio show. He was best known for his comedy recording "Wet Dream". He also hosted the game show Everything Goes on the Playboy Channel.

Addotta died on August 13, 2019 in Los Angeles, aged 75.

Releases
DVD

1995 – Live From Maximum Security!

CD

1979 – I Hope I'm Not Out Of Line
1985 – The Comedian Of The United States
1985 – Life In The Slaw Lane
1989 – I Saw Daddy Kissing Santa Claus
1994 – The Trouble Hole
2013 – Portable Kip
2014 – Ears to You

Vinyl

1984 – White Boy Rapp

Books

2018 – Confessions of a Comedian – An Autobiography

References

Other websites

1944 births
2019 deaths
American movie actors
American television presenters
American singer-songwriters
Comedians from Illinois
Television personalities from Illinois
Actors from Illinois
Singers from Illinois
Writers from Illinois
People from Rockford, Illinois
Guo Zhenqian (; February 1933 – 13 August 2019) was a Chinese Communists politician and banker. He was Governor of Hubei Province from 1985 to 1990, Vice Governor of the People's Bank of China from 1990 to 1993 and Auditor-General of the National Audit Office from 1994 to 1998. Guo was born in Luoning County, Henan.

Guo died on 13 August 2019 in Beijing at the age of 86.

References

1933 births
2019 deaths
Chinese politicians
Communists
Gustavo "Gus" A. Barreiro (July 12, 1959 – August 16, 2019)  was a Cuban-born American Republican politician. He was born in Matanzas, Cuba. For four terms, he was in the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 107th district in Miami-Dade County from 1998 to 2006.

Barreiro died on August 16, 2019 of a heart attack in Miami at the age of 60.

References

1959 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Cuban politicians
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Miami, Florida
US Republican Party politicians
Hoffman Estates is a village in Illinois, United States. The village is located primarily in Cook County, with a small section in Kane County. It is a suburb of Chicago. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,895.

References

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Ivan Gene LeBell (born October 9, 1932) is an American martial artist, instructor, stunt performer, and professional wrestler. He was born in Los Angeles, California. LeBell also worked on over 1,000 movies and TV shows and has authored 12 books. He was born in Los Angeles. 

As an instructor, some of his best known students were Chuck Norris, Karo Parisyan, Manny Gamburyan, Ronda Rousey, Roddy Piper and Bruce Lee.

References

Other websites

 USMAF Biography 

1932 births
Living people
Educators from Los Angeles
American professional wrestlers
American martial artists
Stuntmen
Entertainers from Los Angeles
Once Upon a Time in Hollywood is a 2019 comedy-drama movie written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. It is produced by Columbia Pictures, Bona Film Group, Heyday Films, and Visiona Romantica and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing.

The movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Brad Pitt, Margot Robbie, Emile Hirsch, Margaret Qualley, Timothy Olyphant, Austin Butler, Dakota Fanning, Bruce Dern, Luke Perry, Damian Lewis, Lena Dunham, Rumer Willis, James Remar, Kurt Russell, and Al Pacino. The movie takes place in the late 1960s in Hollywood. The movie sees an aging television actor and his stunt double and longtime friend seeing the changing Hollywood movie industry.

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood was released on July 26, 2019 and in the United Kingdom on August 14, 2019. It was released to strong positive reviews.

Release dates

References

2019 comedy-drama movies
Alternate history movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies set in the 1960s
Movies set in Los Angeles
Movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Charter 77 (Charta 77 in Czech and in Slovak) was an informal civic initiative in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic from 1976 to 1992. It is named after the document Charter 77 from January 1977. 

The founding members and architects were Jiří Němec, Václav Benda, Ladislav Hejdánek, Václav Havel, Jan Patočka, Zdeněk Mlynář, Jiří Hájek, Martin Palouš, Pavel Kohout and Ladislav Lis. The charter was seen as a political crime by the communist regime. 

After the 1989 Velvet Revolution, many of its members played important roles in Czech and Slovak politics.

References

Czechoslovakia
Ladislav Hejdánek (10 May 1927 – 28 April 2020) was a Czech philosopher. He was one of the creators of Charter 77. He was born in Prague.

References

Other websites
 Ladislav Hejdánek: Curriculum vitae 
 Slovník českých filosofů: Ladislav Hejdánek
 Professor, PhDr. Ladislav Hejdánek — a biographical article at the website "Memory of Nation" 
 Books by Ladislav Hejdánek
Digital archive

1927 births
2020 deaths
Czech philosophers
Czech educators
Human rights activists
Czech politicians
People from Prague
František Derfler (12  November 1942 – 17 August 2019) was a Czech actor, educator and political activist. He was born in Prague. He was a professor of divisions. In November 1989 he co-founded the local Civic Forum in Brno and became its spokesperson. He was one of the signers of Charter 77.

Derfler died on 17 August 2019 in Prague at the age of 76.

References

Other websites

František Derfler on  ČSFD 

1942 births
2019 deaths
Czech educators
Czech politicians
Political activists
Actors from Prague
Mohammed Zahur "Khayyam" Hashmi, better known as Khayyam (18 February 1927 – 19 August 2019), was an Indian music director and background score composer. His career lasted from 1948 to 2007. His best known works were Umrao Jaan, Kabhi Kabhie, Razia Sultan, Dil-e-Nadaan, Dard and Thodisi Bewafai. He was born in Rahon, Punjab, British India.

Khayyam died on 19 August 2019 in Mumbai from cardiac arrest caused by a lung infection at the age of 92.

References

Other websites

1927 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Deaths from respiratory tract infection
Indian musicians
Composers
Rudolf Hundstorfer (September 19, 1951 – August 20, 2019)  was an Austrian social democratic politician who served as president of the Austrian Trade Union Federation (ÖGB). Hundstorfer was from December 2008 to January 2016 the Federal Minister for Labour, Social Affairs and Consumer Protection. He ran for president in the 2016 election.

Hundstorfer was born in Vienna. On August 20, 2019, Hundstorfer died at the age of 67 from a heart attack while on vacation in Croatia, aged 67.

References

1951 births
2019 deaths
Austrian politicians
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Jeanne Alida "Jan" Ruff O'Herne  (18 January 1923 – 19 August 2019) was a Dutch-born Australian human rights and comfort women activist. She was known for her campaigns and speeches against war rape.

During World War II, O'Herne was among young women forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army. Fifty years after the end of the war, O'Herne decided to speak out publicly to demand a formal apology from the Japanese government. She was born in Bandoeng, Dutch East Indies.

O'Herne died on 19 August 2019 in Adelaide, South Australia at the age of 96.

References

1923 births
2019 deaths
Australian activists
Crime victims
Human rights activists
Rape
No Time to Die is a 2021 spy movie. It is twenty-fifth movie in the James Bond series. It is produced by Eon Productions for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Universal Pictures. The movie has Daniel Craig in his fifth and final performance as fictional MI6 agent, James Bond. It is directed by Cary Joji Fukunaga.

Cast 
 Daniel Craig as James Bond
 Léa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann

Theme Song 
Billie Eilish performed and released the official theme of the movie in February 2020.

The movie released on 3 April 2021 in the United Kingdom and on 8 October 2021 worldwide.

References

2021 movies
Spy movies
James Bond movies
Movies composed by Hans Zimmer
Jagannath Mishra (24 June 1937 – 19 August 2019) was an Indian politician. He was the Chief Minister of Bihar from 1975 to 1977, again from 1980 to 1983 and for a final time from 1989 to 1990. Mishra was born in Bihar. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. 

Mishra died on 19 August 2019 at a hospital in New Delhi of cancer at the age of 82.

References

1937 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cancer
Indian politicians
People from Bihar
Friendly fire is when a soldier accidentally injures or kills someone from their own military or a soldier who is on neither side. If civilians are killed and not soldiers, it is called collateral damage.

Terminology
Babulal Gaur Yadav (2 June 1930 – 21 August 2019) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was elected in 10 Assembly elections from the seat of Govindpura in Bhopal before retiring from electoral politics in 2018. He was the 16th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh from August 2004 through November 2005. He was born in  Naugir, United Provinces.

Gaur died on 21 August 2019 from cardiac arrest at a medical center in Bhopal at the age of 89.

References

1930 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian politicians
Kailsh Chandra Joshi (14 July 1929 – 24 September 2019) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was the 9th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh from June 1977 to January 1978. He was a member of the Lok Sabha from 2004 to 2014, representing the Bhopal constituency in Madhya Pradesh. Joshi was born in Hatpipalya, Dewas State, British India.

Joshi died on 24 September 2019 at hospital in Bhopal from respiratory failure caused by diabetes at the age of 90.

References

Other websites
 Information on MPs 
 Members of Fourteenth Lok Sabha - Parliament of India website 

1929 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Deaths from diabetes
Indian politicians
The Singapore General Hospital (SGH; ) is the largest and oldest hospital in Singapore, which was founded in 1821. SGH ranked third as the best hospital in the world by Newsweek in 2019. 

The hospital occupies a large portion of the eastern part of Bukit Merah. It shares space with the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC), the National Heart Centre Singapore (NHCS), the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS), National Dental Centre Singapore (NDCS) and the Duke–NUS Medical School.

Brief history
The hospital was established in 1821, when the first General Hospital was located in the cantonment for British troops near the Singapore River. The hospital moved several times before settling down at Sepoy Lines along Outram Road in 1882.

Modern history of the hospital began on 29 March 1926, with the opening of 800 beds. Today, only the Bowyer Block with its historically distinctive clock tower remains. The Bowyer Block is now home to the The SGH Museum.

In the 1990's, the hospital was rebuilt and restructured to modernise the organisation of the hospital. The campus now houses its current 8-block complex housing in-patient wards, ambulatory and support services, research laboratories and a postgraduate medical institute.

The SGH Museum
The SGH Museum was officially opened by President S. R. Nathan on 20 May 2005. It is a repository of artefacts and records, where the long and rich history of the hospital can be traced. One can also learn about the development of medical specialties and medical education in Singapore at the museum.

Hepatitis C outbreak 
In 2015, 22 patients in the renal ward were infected with Hepatitis C and 8 out of which died in the outbreak.

References

Hospitals
Buildings and structures in Singapore
19th-century establishments in Asia
1821 establishments
Establishments in Singapore
Chelsea Football Club Womenare an English women's football club based in Fulham, England. Previously, they were named Chelsea Ladies Football Club. 

Chelsea Women were a founding member of the FA WSL in 2010, the top level of women's football in England since 2011.

References

English football clubs
A Dafli or Daf is a handheld bass producing device, which can be thought of similar to a drum or Tabla. There is not much learning involved unlike other musical instruments and one can soon learn to produce a musical pattern on it. They are often used in rural folk fares, religious festivals, or Bhajans. Some people earn their livelihood by playing such musical instruments.

Musical instruments
The Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré is a well-known hospital in Garches, close to Paris. It has been created in 1936. He is partner of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

References

Further reading 
   Hôpital Raymond-Poincaré

1930s establishments in France
1936 establishments in Europe
Hospitals in France
Île-de-France
Mahamadou Issoufou (born 1 January 1951) is a Nigerien politician who has been the President of Niger since 7 April 2011. Issoufou was the Prime Minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994, President of the National Assembly from February 1995 to 27 January 1996, and he has been a candidate in each presidential election since 1993. He led the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya), a social democratic party, from its foundation in 1990 until his election as President of Niger in 2011. During the Presidency of Mamadou Tandja (1999–2010), Issoufou was the main opposition leader.

References 

1951 births
Presidents of Niger
Prime Ministers of Niger
Living people
Munirah Warsame Abdiwahid is a Taekwondo sportswomen. In 2019, she participated in the  representing the country of Somalia.

Sources 

Taekwondo practitioners
Somali people
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Yara Sharafeldin is a Snooker player.

2019 African Games 
In 2019, she participated in the  representing the country of Egypt. On August 20, Sharafeldin lost against fellow Egyptian Gantan Elaskary, and she later that same day would lose to against Morocco's Youssra Matine both with a score of 2-1.

Sources 

Snooker players
Egyptian sportspeople
1998 births
Living people
In concurrent computing, multiple calculations are made within overlapping time frames. It takes advantage of the concept that multiple threads or processes can make progress on a task asynchronously. This general approach to writing and executing computer programs is called concurrency.

Concurrency is different from parallel computing, as parallel computing uses multiple processors, each of which are assigned a single, synchronous thread.

Computing
Celso Piña (April 6, 1953 – August 21, 2019) was a Mexican singer-songwriter, composer, arranger, and accordionist. He was born Monterrey, Nuevo León. His most popular songs include, La quebradita de la paz, El tren, Como el viento and La piragua by José Barros. He was featured in the song Sufran con lo que yo gozo along with Mexican singer Gloria Trevi.

On August 21, 2019, Piña died from a heart attack in Monterrey at the age of 66.

References

1953 births
2019 deaths
Mexican singer-songwriters
Mexican musicians
Composers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Ryan D. McCarthy is an American politician and military personnel. He was the 24th United States Secretary of the Army from July 23, 2019 to January 20, 2021.

In June 2017, President Donald Trump nominated him to become the United States Under Secretary of the Army. He was confirmed as United States Under Secretary of the Army by the United States Senate on August 1, 2017, by voice vote.

From August 3 to November 20, 2017, he was acting secretary of the Army.  From June 24, 2019 to July 15, 2019, while secretary of the Army Mark Esper was acting secretary of Defense, McCarthy became acting Secretary of the Army.

Trump McCarthy to become the Secretary of the Army on June 21, 2019. He was confirmed on September 26, 2019 and was sworn in on September 30, 2019 as Secretary of the Army.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
United States Secretaries of the Army
American military people
Businesspeople from Maryland
The King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is Jordan's head of state and monarch. He is the head of the Jordanian monarchy — the Hashemite dynasty. The king is known as His Majesty ().

The king has executive and legislative powers. He is commander-in-chief of the Jordanian Armed Forces and appoints the prime minister and the directors of security agencies. He also appoints the members of the upper house, the Senate, as well as the members of the Constitutional Court.

Monarchs of Jordan (1921–present)

Emirate of Transjordan (1921–1946)

Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan/Jordan (1946–present)

References
Hussein bin Abdullah (, Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbdullāh; born 28 June 1994) is the heir apparent of King Abdullah II of Jordan.

Hussein was born on 28 June 1994 in Amman to the then-Prince Abdullah and Princess Rania.

The Crown Prince's Instagram account has more than 2 million followers.

References

Other websites
 

1994 births
Living people
People from Amman
Princes and princesses
Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein (, Abd Allāh Al-Awal ibn Al-Husayn, February 1882 – 20 July 1951) was the ruler of Jordan and Transjordan, from 1921 until his assassination in 1951. He was Jordan's first King.

Abdullah was shot and killed in Jerusalem by a Palestinian activist on 20 July 1951, aged 69.

References

1882 births
1951 deaths
Assassinated people
Murders by firearm
Kings of Jordan
Abdullah Ensour ( ;  ; born 20 January 1939) is a Jordanian economist. He was Prime Minister of Jordan between October 2012 and May 2016.

References

1939 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Jordan
Economists
Mazhar Shukri Krasniqi (17 October 1931 – 8 August 2019) was a Yugoslav-born New Zealand Muslim community leader. He was born in Pristina, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He was the first president of the Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand (FIANZ) from 1979 to 1981. In December 2002, he was awarded the Queen's Service Medal (QSM).

Krasniqi died on 8 August 2019 at the age of 87.

References

1931 births
2019 deaths
New Zealand people
Muslims
Human rights activists
The Rev. William J. O'Malley, S.J. (born August 18, 1931) is an American author and actor. He was born in Buffalo, New York.  He graduated from the College of the Holy Cross in 1953.

O'Malley is best known for playing Father Joseph Dyer in the 1973 horror classic movie The Exorcist.

He taught theology, AP English and later an elective called The Problem of God/Morality/Marriage/Fatherhood at Fordham Preparatory School in the Bronx until June 2012.  He was an associate professor of theology at Fordham University and later a professor of theology and the humanities at Seattle University.

In August 2019, O'Malley was accused of sexually assaulting a student multiple times while teaching in Rochester, New York in the late 1980s.

References

Other websites

McQuaid Jesuit High School - O'Malley's Best 

1931 births
Living people
Educators from New York
American theologians
American movie actors
Actors from Buffalo, New York
Writers from Buffalo, New York
Otopeni Airport (full name: Henri Coandă International Airport; )  is the airport with the most traffic in Romania, and it is based in Otopeni, a city which is 16.5 km (10.3 mi) from the center of Bucharest. In 2018, the airport had 13,824,830 total passengers.

References

Other websites 
 
 Official website 
 Google Map – Aerial View
 

Airports in Europe
Transport in Europe
Buildings and structures in Romania
Bucharest
Montgomery County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of 2017, the census-estimated population of the county was 826,075. Montgomery County is located adjacent to and northwest of Philadelphia. The county seat is Norristown.

References

1780s establishments in Pennsylvania
1784 establishments in the United States
Pennsylvania counties
Dauphin County  is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 268,100. The county seat and the largest city is Harrisburg, Pennsylvania's state capital and tenth largest city. The county was created on March 4, 1785.

References

1780s establishments in Pennsylvania
1785 establishments in the United States
Pennsylvania counties
Hideaki Anno (庵野 秀明)(Japan May 22, 1960) is a Japanese animator. He created the anime series Neon Genesis Evangelion.

Japanese people
1960 births
Todd Kauffman (1971) is a Canadian cartoonist. He created the TV series Sidekick  and Grojband
Canadian people
1971 births
Afton is a village in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 822 at the 2010 census.

References 

Villages in New York
Heating food to make it last longer is known as pasteurization or sterilization

Heat treating or heat treatment is the name for a number of processes in metallurgy: All processes have in common that the piece being worked on is heated for some time, and then cooled off. This is done to change some of the properties of the workpiece. Heat treating is used for pieces of metal, for certain alloys, and for certain types of plastic. With ceramics, a form of heat treating is part of the production process, and is called sintering.

There is also a concept called hot working, but it is different.

Metallurgy