cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The West Potomac Park is a park in Washington, D.C.. It is just west of the National Mall. It is home to some of Washington's most famous places, like the Jefferson Memorial, the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial, and the Tidal Basin. But, the park’s most famous attraction is cherry blossoms.

History 
Thousands of cherry trees bloom around the waters of the Tidal Basin, which reflect the trees’ images. The basin was created in the late 1800s to prevent the Potomac River from flooding. These pink and white flowers serve as a symbol of international friendship. 

The original cherry trees were a gift from Japan. On March 26, 1912, more than 3,000 cherry trees arrived in Washington. Most were planted around the Tidal Basin. But cherry trees were also planted near the Washington Monument and the White House.

The park service maintains West Potomac Park, and helps protect the cherry trees.

Cherry Blossom Festival 
It is a wonderful gift that is over 100 years old now. The 1912 gift from the people of Japan has grown to this 3,800 trees. The cherry blossoms also serve as a symbol of the beginning of springtime. The trees burst with colors of soft pink and white. The blossoming of the cherry blossoms every spring is sort of the great springtime celebration, not only in the District of Columbia but throughout the United States.

Every year, Washington celebrates the arrival of spring with a two-week Cherry Blossom Festival. More than 1.5 million people from around the world visit the nation’s capital during the festival. They all hope to see the cherry trees at their “peak bloom.” Park officials define "peak bloom" as the period when 70 percent of Washington’s most common cherry tree variety -- the Yoshino trees -- are blooming. Yoshino cherry trees are one of 12 types of cherry trees in Washington. Peak bloom lasts several days each year.

Experts begin making peak bloom predictions in February. Visitors make their travel plans to Washington based on these predictions.

References 
Washington's Cherry Blossoms Signal the Start of Spring on VOA

Related pages 
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial
Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial

Other websites 
Cherry Blossoms along the Tidal Basin at NPS.gov
NPS.gov - About National Mall and Memorial Parks

National parks in the United States
Washington, D.C.
Ranoidea callista is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  Scientists saw it on Mount Trafalgar, about 220 meters above sea level.

The scientist who wrote the first formal paper about Ranoidea callista, Fred Kraus, said this frog is related to Litoria gracilenta but it has different colors on its skin, lays eggs in streams, and has a different call.  Kraus says that the frog does not only live on Mt. Trafalgar but in many places in New Guinea.

References

Animals of Oceania
Frogs
Big Mouth is a TV show. It was created by Nick Kroll There are 3 seasons in Big Mouth.

References

Notes

2010s American animated television series
Netflix original shows
English-language television programs
Hurricane Laura was a deadly and destructive tropical cyclone that is tied with the 1856 Last Island hurricane for the strongest hurricane to make landfall in Louisiana in terms of maximum sustained winds, and the strongest to affect Louisiana since Hurricane Camille brought category 5 winds to the rural southeast portion of the state. The twelfth named storm, fourth hurricane, and first major storm on the record-breaking 2020 Atlantic hurricane season, Laura formed from a tropical wave that moved off the coast of West Africa on August 16, and formed into a tropical depression by August 20. On August 21, Laura strengthened into a tropical storm, becoming the earliest twelfth named storm, and breaking 1995's Hurricane Luis's record by eight days.

Laura first moved over the Lesser Antilles and brushing Puerto Rico as a tropical storm, before making landfall in the resort city of Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, killing four people in the Dominican Republic and 31 in Haiti. The storm then moved over the entire island of Cuba, forcing the evacuation of more than 260,000 people. Then, the outer rainbands of Laura moved over parts of the Florida Keys and Southern Florida. It then moved over the warm Gulf of Mexico, strengthening slowly at first, before undergoing rapid intensification by August 26. Later that day, Laura became a major hurricane, and soon reached a peak intensity of , making it a Category 4 hurricane.

Then, just a couple of hours after reaching peak intensity, at 6:00 UCT on August 27, Laura made landfall in Cameron, Louisiana just below peak intensity with 150 mph (240 km/h) and a pressure of 939 mbar, at the same wind speed of the 1856 Last Island hurricane. It was the 10th strongest tropical cyclone to ever hit the United States in terms of wind speed, killed 42 people in the U.S,  and caused $19 billion in damage on the Gulf Coast of the United States and inland areas. After landfall, Laura weakened, falling to tropical storm status later in the day, and tropical depression status over Arkansas the next day. On August 29, Laura weakened to a remnant low over Kentucky, before being absorbed by an extratropical cyclone over the East Coast. Overall, Laura caused $19.1 billion in damage and killed 81 people. Areas that were badly affected by Laura, mostly southeastern Texas and southwestern Louisiana, were badly affected by more flooding and strong winds during Hurricane Delta around six weeks later.

References

2020 disasters in the United States
August 2020 events
Disasters in the 2020s
Hurricanes in Haiti
Hurricanes in Louisiana
Hurricanes in Texas
Hurricanes in the Dominican Republic
2020 in weather
The Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella), is a type of seal in the genus Arctocephalus. Even though the name has Antarctic in it, it does not live in Antarctica. The Antarctic fur seal mostly lives in Subantarctic islands.

Description
Adult males are dark brown in colour. Females and young ones tend to be paler, almost grey with lighter undersides. Young ones are dark brown at birth, almost black in color.

Males are larger than females. Males can grow up to 2 m (6.5 ft) long. Males can also weigh 133 kg (293 lb). Females can grow up to 1.4 m (4.6 ft) long. Females can weight 34 kg (74.9 lb). At birth, the average length is 67.4 cm (58–66). The average weight for young ones is 5.9 kg (4.9–6.6) in males and 5.4 kg (4.8–5.9) in females.

Male Antarctic fur seals live up to 20 years. Females can live up to 24 years.

Distribution
Antarctic fur seals are thought to be the most abundant type of fur seal. The largest gathering happens on South Georgia. The estimate for South Georgia is 4.5-6.2 million Antarctic fur seal and 46,834 at Bouvetøya.

Breeding colonies are found at South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands and Bouvetøya in the Southern Atlantic Ocean; Marion Island, Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Island and Heard Island in the Southern Indian Ocean; and Macquarie Island in the Southern Pacific Ocean. During winter, Antarctic fur seals range includes Antarctica to the Falkland Islands, and southern Argentina and Chile, reaching as far as the Mar del Plata and Gough Island.

Feeding
In the Atlantic region, the Antarctic fur seal usually eats Antarctic krill. In the Indian Ocean, they mostly eat fish and squid. Sometimes, penguins are eaten by male Antarctic fur seals.

References

Pinnipeds
Animals of Antarctica
Mammals of South America
Mammals of Australia
Judd Buchanan,  (born 25 July 1929) is a Canadian politician and businessman. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada between 1968 and 1980. He represented the electoral area of London West in Ontario. During this time, he was a part of the Liberal Party. Buchanan was a part of the cabinet of Canada while Pierre Trudeau was the Prime Minister. From 1974 to 1976, he was the Minister of Indian Affairs, from 1976 to 1978 he was the Minister of Public Works and the Minister of State for Science and Technology. He was the President of the Treasury Board from 1978 to 1979.

Life
Buchanan was born in Edmonton, Alberta. He went to university at the University of Alberta and the University of Western Ontario and got a Master of Business Administration. Before becoming a politician, he was an insurance broker at the London Life Insurance Company. Buchanan was elected for the first time in the 1968 federal election. He was elected again in the 1972, 1974, 1979, and 1980 elections. After the 1980 election, when Trudeau did not choose Buchanan to be in the cabinet, Buchanan decided to resign his job as a Member of Parliament. He got a job in Calgary working in the private sector.

Buchanan did more work after he stopped being a politician. He worked in the Canadian tourism industry. He helped the Canadian government create the Canadian Tourism Commission in 1994. He was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2000.

References

Other websites
 

1929 births
Living people
Politicians from Edmonton
People from London, Ontario
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Order of Canada
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
The Farmers to Families Food Box program is set up by the United States' government during the COVID-19 pandemic to help get fresh food from farmers to consumers. The food is put into "family-sized" boxes containing produce, dairy products and/or meat. The programs is run by the USDA (Department of Agriculture).  It is part of the government's general response to the pandemic, called the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program  run by the USDA.  It was announced on April 15, 2020. According to the program's home page, over 70,000,000 boxes were invoiced between the start date and then end of August.   As of the second week of August 2020, the program's budget was three billion dollars.   

The USDA buys the produce from farmers. Then the food is sent to local packaging companies.  These companies distribute the packages to local organizations such as NGOs and religious orga
nizations. The program sets no restrictions on which families may pick of the boxes.

Reception

The program has been positively received.  However, there has been some criticism.  For example, the boxes weigh forty pounds.  This can make it difficult for people without a car to get the boxes home.  Also, the program initially only had boxes with produce, dairy products and meat.  Since some people do not eat dairy or meat products, this created a problem. 
It has also been stated that specialty-crop farmers have not been helped enough by the program.

References 

Charities
COVID-19 pandemic
Sufi Nagar is a Sufi mausoleum constructed over the grave of Gani Baba and wali Baba in Kondhali, Maharashtra.

References 

Maharashtra
Hekmat-e Shirazi  (16 June 1892 - 25 August 1980) was an Iranian politician, diplomat and writer. Shirazi also served as the Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Justice , and Iranian Minister of Culture under the government of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi , the Shahs of Iran. Shirazi was also first Iranian ambassador to the republic of  India and wrote many books about Indian history and culture. After the Islamic revolution in Iran, his books and works were refused and he was named as a Freemason  a word that in Islamic world is a bad word. finally one of his books, Persian Inscriptions on Indian Monuments, was recently reprinted by non government organization. 
.

References

Other websites
Iran and India relations span centuries marked by meaningful interactions, according to renowned Iranian Scholar,Dr. Mohammad Ajam.
"History of Persian or Parsi Language" Iran Chamber Society
SOAS
Iran and India relations span centuries marked by meaningful interactions, according to renowned Iranian Scholar, Dr. Mohammad Ajam.

Iranian poets
Iranian writers
1892 births
1980 deaths
Iranian journalists
Translators
People from Tehran
Iranian educators
Iranian politicians
Vanity Fair is a monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States.

The first version of Vanity Fair was published from 1913 to 1936. It was revived in 1983 and currently includes five international editions of the magazine. As of 2018, the Editor-in-Chief is Radhika Jones.

References

American magazines
Nursholeh (22 August 1957 – 23 August 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was Mayor of Tegal between 2017 and 2019. He lost his re-election bid in 2018. He was born in Tegal, Central Java. He was a member of the Golkar Party.

Nursholeh died on 23 August 2020, one day after his 63rd birthday in Tegal.

References

1957 births
2020 deaths
Indonesian politicians
Mayors
John Christopher Tynan (5 December 1925 – 23 August 2020) was a New Zealand field hockey player and cricketer. He represented New Zealand in field hockey between 1948 and 1956, including at the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne. 

He played four first-class cricket matches for Wellington between 1952 and 1954.

Tynan died on 23 August 2020, aged 94.

References

1925 births
2020 deaths
Field hockey players
New Zealand cricketers
Olympians
Harold Best (18 December 1937 – 24 August 2020) was a Labour Party politician. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Leeds North West from the 1997 general election until he retired at the 2005 general election.  He was a trade unionist.  

Best died on 24 August 2020, aged 82.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Labour Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
László Cseh Sr. (14 March 1952 – 24 August 2020) was a Hungarian swimmer. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. His son, László Cseh, is a six time Olympic medalist.

Cseh Sr. died on 24 August 2020 in Budapest, aged 68.

References

1952 births
2020 deaths
Hungarian swimmers
Sportspeople from Budapest
Olympians
László Cseh (: born 3 December 1985, sometimes called Louis Czech in English-speaking countries) is a Hungarian competitive swimmer. He has won four silver Olympic medals and two bronze. He is a 33-time European Champion. His father, László Cseh Sr., also represented Hungary at the Olympics in swimming.

References

1985 births
Living people
Hungarian swimmers
Olympic bronze medalists
Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Budapest
Chitta Ranjan Dutta, Bir Uttom () (1 January 1927 – 24 August 2020), also known as C R Dutta, was a Bangladeshi Major-General of the Bangladesh Army. He was a key commander of the Mukti Bahini during the Bangladesh Liberation War. 

After independence, he was the armed forces commander in Rangpur and later went on to become the first Director-General of the Bangladesh Rifles (present-day Border Guards Bangladesh) in 1973.

Dutta was a well known minority rights advocate in Bangladesh. He was also the president of the Bangladesh Hindu Buddhist Christian Unity Council.

Dutta died at a hospital in Boca Raton, Florida on 24 August 2020 after falling at his home, aged 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Bangladeshi people
Generals
Political activists
Gail Sheehy (born Gail Henion; November 27, 1936 – August 24, 2020) was an American author, journalist, and lecturer. She was the author of seventeen books and many high-profile articles for magazines such as New York and Vanity Fair. 

Many of her books focused on cultural shifts, including Passages (1976). Sheehy wrote many biographies including Hillary Clinton, both presidents Bush, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev.

Sheehy died in Southampton, New York on August 24, 2020 from pneumonia-related problems at age 83.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
American political writers
Educators from New York
Journalists from New York
Deaths from pneumonia
Hojatoleslam Ruhollah Hosseinian (, March 5, 1956 in Shiraz – August 25, 2020 in Tehran) was an Iranian principalist politician.

He was in the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and National Security (or VEVAK) as deputy to Ali Fallahian and in April 2007 was appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as the security advisor to the president.

He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Islamic Revolution Document Center. From 2007 to 2009, he was a member of the Council for Spreading Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's Thoughts. He was also a member of parliament from 2008 to 2016.

Hosseinian died on August 25, 2020, after he had a history of heart problems.

References

Iranian politicians
1956 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Mónica Eliana Jiménez de la Jara (December 25, 1940 – August 25, 2020) was a Chilean Christian Democrat politician. She was born in Santiago de Chile.

From 2008 to 2010, she was Minister of Education during the Michelle Bachelet presidency. Between 2016 and 2018, she was the Chilean Ambassador to Israel.

Jiménez died from cancer in Santiago on August 25, 2020 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Chilean politicians
Deaths from cancer
Ambassadors to Israel
People from Santiago
Hippolyte Simon (25 February 1944 – 25 August 2020) was a French Roman Catholic archbishop. He was Bishop of Clermont from 1996 to 2002 before becoming Archbishop, serving until 2016. 

He was Vice-President of the Bishops' Conference of France from 2007 to 2013. He was born in Saint-Georges-de-Rouelley, France.

Simon died on 25 August 2020 in Caen, France at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
French Roman Catholics
Archbishops
Oscar V. Cruz (November 17, 1934 – August 26, 2020) was a Filipino Roman Catholic prelate. He was archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines. He was the Archbishop Emeritus of Lingayen-Dagupan in Pangasinan, Philippines, from 1991 to 2009. He was born in Balanga, Bataan, Philippine Islands.

Cruz died on August 26, 2020 in San Juan, Philippines from COVID-19, aged 85.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
Roman Catholic bishops
People from Manila
Pride & Prejudice is a 2005 romantic drama movie directed by Joe Wright. It is based on Jane Austen's 1813 novel of the same name. 

The movie is about five sisters from an English family of landed gentry as they deal with issues of marriage, morality and lies. 

Keira Knightley stars in the lead role of Elizabeth Bennet, while Matthew Macfadyen plays her romantic interest Mr. Darcy. The movie also stars Donald Sutherland, Judi Dench, Tom Hollander and Brenda Blethyn.

The movie was released on 16 September 2005 in the United Kingdom and Ireland and on 11 November in the United States.

Other websites

2005 romance movies
2005 drama movies
2000s romantic drama movies
British romantic drama movies
French romance movies
French drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Joe Wright
Dario Marianelli (born June 21, 1963) is an Italian composer. He is known for working with director Joe Wright many times. He was born in Pisa. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his musical score for Pride & Prejudice. 

In 2007, he won an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for his work on Atonement.

References

Other websites
 

1963 births
Living people
Italian composers
Academy Award winning composers
Golden Globe Award winning composers
People from Pisa
Columbus Keith Short, Jr. (born September 19, 1982) is an American choreographer, actor, dancer and rapper. He choreographed Britney Spears's Onyx Hotel Tour.

He is best known for his roles in the movies Stomp the Yard, Cadillac Records, Armored, and The Losers.

References

1982 births
Living people
American choreographers
American movie actors
American television actors
American dancers
Rap musicians from Missouri
Actors from Kansas City, Missouri
Musicians from Kansas City, Missouri
Patrick McCluskey (13 April 1952 – 24 August 2020) was a Scottish footballer.

In 1970, McCluskey began his professional career with Celtic. However, he went on loan that first season to Sligo Rovers in Ireland. He moved to second-tier Dumbarton in 1977 for £15,000, where he spent three seasons.

References

Other websites
MISL stats
McCluskey, Pat, The Celtic Wiki

1952 births
2020 deaths
Scottish footballers
Dr. Mabuse the Gambler is a 1922 German crime thriller movie directed by Fritz Lang and is based on the novels by Norbert Jacques. It stars Rudolf Klein-Rogge, Aud Egede-Nissen, Gertrude Welcker, Alfred Abel, Bernhard Goetzke, Paul Richter, Georg John, Hans Adalbert Schlettow.

Other websites
 
 
 

1922 movies
1920s crime movies
1920s epic movies
1920s thriller movies
German crime movies
German silent movies
German thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Fritz Lang
Dystopian movies
Is Paris Burning () is a 1966 French American World War II movie directed by René Clément and was based on the Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre. It stars Kirk Douglas, Jean-Pierre Cassel, Jean-Paul Belmondo, Alain Delon, Charles Boyer, Simone Signoret, Glenn Ford, Anthony Perkins, Leslie Caron and was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1967.

Other websites
 

1966 movies
1960s epic movies
1960s war movies
French movies
American war movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by René Clément
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in the 20th century
Movies set in Paris
Harold Janeway (February 3, 1936 – August 20, 2020) was an American politician and businessman. He was a Democratic member of the New Hampshire Senate, representing the 7th District from 2006 to 2010. He was born in Glen Cove, New York.

Janeway died of prostate cancer on August 20, 2020, in Webster, New Hampshire at the age of 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
State legislators of the United States
Businesspeople from New Hampshire
Businesspeople from New York
Politicians from New Hampshire
Politicians from New York
US Democratic Party politicians
Samantha Louise Lewthwaite (; born 5 December 1983), also known as Sherafiyah Lewthwaite or the White Widow, is a British woman who is one of the Western world's most wanted terrorism suspects. Lewthwaite, the widow of 7/7 London terrorist bomber Germaine Lindsay, is accused of causing the deaths of more than 400 people. 

Lewthwaite was an alleged member of the Somalia-based radical Islamic militant group Al-Shabaab. 

She is believed to have been behind an attack on those watching football in a bar in Mombasa during Euro 2012. In September 2013, it became aware that she is the mastermind behind the Nairobi Westgate shopping mall attack, though many people do not believe this.

She is nicknamed the "White Widow".

References

1983 births
Living people
Northern Ireland people
Terrorists
Nancy Evelyn Guptill (April 28, 1941August 24, 2020) was a Canadian politician. She was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1987 to 2000. She was a member of the provincial Liberal Party.

She represented the electoral districts of 5th Prince from 1987 to 1996 and St. Eleanors-Summerside from 1996 to 2000.  She was elected speaker in 1993.  

Guptill died on August 24, 2020, in Summerside, Prince Edward Island from a long-illness, aged 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Canadian politicians
Disease-related deaths in Canada
People from Nova Scotia
People from Prince Edward Island
The New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) is a type of fur seal mostly found around southern Australia and New Zealand. They are also called the Australasian fur seal, South Australian fur seal, Antipodean fur seal, or long-nosed fur seal.

References

Pinnipeds
Mammals of Australia
Darragh Ennis (born 1980) is an Irish  entomologist, neuroscientist, quizzer, and television personality. He is one of the six Chasers on the ITV game show The Chase. He is nicknamed The Menace and alternatively The Dublin Dynamo. He was a contestant on the show in 2017. In April 2020, Ennis became the first ever contestant in the UK to become a new Chaser. His Chaser debut aired on 19 November 2020.

Early life and science career 
Ennis grew up in Dublin, Ireland and studied at Maynooth University, graduating with a BSc in biology in 2002, and a PhD in ecology in 2008. After completing his doctorate, he worked as a biomedical scientist at ICON plc for a year before undertaking postdoctoral research at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada from 2010 until 2012. Since 2013, he has worked as a lab manager and research technician at the University of Oxford, where he specialises in researching the brains of insects.

Television 
In 2017, Ennis was a member of a winning team on The Chase. He earned £9,000 in his Cash Builder round and defeated chaser Paul Sinha to take that money into the Final Chase. The other three contestants also advanced, but each of them took negative low offers from Sinha so that the final prize total was £6,300. Outraged viewers set up a GoFundMe campaign to compensate Ennis for his share of the money lost through his teammates' decisions. Ennis requested for all money to be donated to charity.

In April 2020, Ennis was announced as the sixth chaser on The Chase, alongside Mark Labbett, Shaun Wallace, Anne Hegerty, Paul Sinha and Jenny Ryan. His Chaser-debut episode was aired on 19 November 2020. His debut brought in 4.9 million viewers, making it the most watched episode of The Chase ever.

Personal life 
Ennis is married to his "university sweetheart", and they live together in Oxford with their two children. Ennis supports Dublin GAA and Liverpool FC. Ennis can speak German and Irish.

References

Other websites 
 Ennis on Instagram

1980 births
Living people
Denys Anatoliyovych Shmyhal (; born 15 October 1975) is a Ukrainian businessman and politician.

On 4 March 2020, he became the Prime Minister of Ukraine.

Biography 
Denys was born on 15 October 1975 in Lviv. In 1997, he graduated from the Lviv Polytechnic (engineering and economics).

1997-2005 he works as accountant in private sector. From June 2006 to August 2008, he was Director for the investment company Comfort-Invest.

In 2008-2009, Shmyhal was General Director at Rosaninvest LLC.

Shmyhal worked in multiple leading political roles in Ukraine's Lviv Oblast from 2009 until December 2013.

In 2009-2013 served as the head of the Department of Economics and the head of the Department of Economic Development, Investment, Trade and Industryat the Lviv Oblast Administration.

In 2015-2017 he was a Vice President of Lviv company Lvivkholod.

In 2018-2019, Shmyhal was a Director of the Burshtyn TES.

From August 2019 till February 2020 he was the Governor of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast.

On 4 February 2020, he became the Minister of Regional Development of Ukraine.

In March 2020, Denys Shmyhal became the Prime Minister of Ukraine.

Personal life 
Shmyhal is married to Kateryna. The couple has two daughters.

References

1975 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Ukraine
Ukrainian businesspeople
Current national leaders
Sir Neil James Douglas (28 May 1949 – 23 August 2020) was a Scottish medical doctor. He was president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) from 2004 to 2010 and chairman of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges (AoMRC) from 2009 to 2012.

Douglas died on 23 August 2020 in Edinburgh, aged 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
British educators
British physicians
People from Edinburgh
Sir Narendra Babubhai Patel, Baron Patel,  (born 11 May 1938) is a British obstetrician and cross bench peer. From 2006 to 2017, he was the Chancellor of University of Dundee. He was born in Lindi, Tanganyika Territory.

Patel became a Member of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in 1969, and a Fellow in 1988. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1999.

Patel received a knighthood in the 1997 Queen's Birthday Honours, and was created a life peer on 1 March 1999, as Baron Patel, of Dunkeld in Perth and Kinross.

References

1938 births
Living people
British physicians
British educators
The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. Since 2014, it has a total of 104 members. 

96 members are directly elected through a system of closed list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Eight additional members are appointed by the President.

References

Namibia
Parliament is the law-making body of Namibia's legislature. It is made up of two chambers:
The National Assembly (Lower chamber) starts and approves laws. It is made up of 104 members, 96 of which are elected by parliamentary election. The other eight are appointed by the president.
The National Council (Upper chamber) advises the National Assembly on any required changes to laws that result from law-making in the National Assembly. The National Council is made up of 42 representatives of the Regional Councils; every Regional Council in the fourteen regions of Namibia elects three representatives.

References

Namibia
The National Council is the upper chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. It reviews bills passed by the lower chamber and makes recommendations for legislation of regional concern to the lower chamber.

The 42 National Council members are chosen by regional councils, which are indirectly elected for a term of five years. Each of the 14 regional councils chooses three of its members to serve on the National Council.

References

Namibia
Rand Beers (born November 30, 1942) is an American government official. He was Deputy Homeland Security Advisor to the President of the United States during the Barack Obama administration. 

He also was acting United States Secretary of Homeland Security following the resignation of Secretary Janet Napolitano on September 6, 2013, until Jeh Johnson replaced her on December 23, 2013.

References

1942 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Homeland Security
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
US Democratic Party politicians
The hidden-ear frog or earless water-holding frog (Ranoidea cryptotis) is a frog from Australia. It lives in the Kimberly region in the Ord and Fitzroy Valleys.  It lives in Western Australia and small parts of Queensland and the Northern Territory.

The adult male frog is 3.4 to 4.6 cm long.  The adult female frog is 3.6 to 4.8 cm long.  This frog has a round body and a small head.  It does not have any webbing on its front feet.  This frog can be gray or brown.  Adult frogs can have a mottled pattern.  It has five stripes running across its body from the sides.  They can be bright orange in color.

This frog waits for wet weather before it lays eggs.  It lays its eggs in pools of water.  The water can be very hot, 40°C.  It can be white and full of clay.  The tadpoles can be 4.6 cm long.  They have five rows of teeth, two on the top and three on the bottom.  The tadpoles take about one month to become frogs.

References

Animals of Australia
Frogs
A run out is a way of getting a batter out in cricket. It involves hitting a wicket with the ball when no batsman is in the ground of that wicket; the batsman who is out is the one who is nearest to that ground, or if both batsmen are in a ground, the batsman who reached that ground second. Run outs can happen when batters are trying to score runs by running between the two grounds.

Mankading 
When a bowler is readying himself to bowl, the ball becomes live; if the nonstriker leaves the ground at the bowler's end before the bowler has thrown the ball, then the bowler can hit the wicket in this ground with the ball to "mankad" the nonstriker.

Stumping 
A stumping is a special type of run out in which the wicketkeeper (the fielder with gloves behind the striking batter) hits the wicket in the ground at the striker's end with the ball when the striker is out of that ground.

Stumpings are not allowed on no-balls; a striker who is not trying to run can only be run out on a no-ball if the wicketkeeper has another fielder help him.

References 

Cricket
A pseudorandom number generator is a way that computers generate numbers. There is no known way for a computer to generate numbers which are truly random. A computer algorithm can generate numbers which look random.

An analogy is a jar of (numbered) marbles. Humans can reach into the jar and grab "random" marbles. However, to understand pseudo random numbers, we must understand that this process is not random. We decided to reach into the bag based off of our brain giving us a signal to reach in this way, and the marbles themselves being arranged in a certain way.

Pseudo-random number generators are computer routines which tell the computer how to produce a number which looks random.

The initial position of the marbles is called the "seed." The seed is used to create the randomness. To come up with the seed some programs use time of day, while others convert background noise into a number.

When you need to get the next random number ("marble") the generator calculates it with some algorithm. It is based on the previous generated number, in turn, depending on the initial "seed." The algorithm is strict, it will always produce the same sequence of random numbers ("marbles") given the same initial "seed".

Algorithms
Theoretical computer science
The House of Bruce began as the lords of Annandale. The most well known member was King Robert the Bruce. He beat the English army at the Battle of Bannockburn and became king. He died in 1329. He was succeeded by King David II, his son. He was deposed by Edward Balliol.

David II died at Edinburgh Castle at age 46. With him the House of Bruce ended.

Royal dynasties
History of Scotland
Maverique is a term for a non-binary gender identity that is defined by autonomy and view about one's internal sense of self which is not related to or derived from manhood or womanhood, but also is not neutrois or a form of agender.

The maverique pride flag is made of three horizontal equal stripes. Yellow represents abinary gender and being separate from male or female. White represents a blank slate and independence from the gender binary. Orange represents the internal thinking regarding one's own gender, and the definition of the root word maverick.

This term was coined by Vesper Hill in 2014 to describe their own identity after finding no existing label that did.

References

Gender
LGBT variations
Bottom is a British television sitcom created by Adrian Edmondson and Rik Mayall. It was first broadcast on BBC2 between 1992 and 1995. The show stars Edmondson and Mayall as two poor, perverted flatmates in Hammersmith, London. The show uses violent slapstick comedy.

Two stage shows between 1993 and 2003; and one movie, Guest House Paradiso (1999), were also made about Bottom. In 2004, Bottom was voted number 45 in a poll for Britain's Best Sitcom.

Episodes

Series 1 (1991)

Series 2 (1992)

Series 3 (1995)

'*' = Episodes featuring only the two main characters
'+' = Episodes where no part of the episode is set in the flat

References

1990s British sitcoms
BBC television sitcoms
1991 television series debuts
1995 television series endings
English-language television programs
Alexander Taraikovsky (, ) (26 March 1986 – 10 August 2020) was a participant in protests against the false numbers of the 2020 Belarusian presidential election. He was shot dead point-blank (from a very close range) by special forces officers on August 10, 2020, in Minsk. The government-run media tried to present it as something that happened through his own carelessness (failure to take the care that a cautious person usually takes).

He was shot by the police on the evening of August 10, 2020, near Pushkinskaya metro station in Minsk (after that it was said by the chief of GUBOPiK (a special police unit in Belarus) Nikolai Karpenkov). On February 2, 2021, TUT.BY got the results of the audio test of the record made by BYPOL. Talks on the killing of Alexander Taraikovsky and more are on the record. The expert test made it clear that the Nikolai Karpenkov's voice is on the record and there are no signs of changes made to it.

He was buried at Western cemetery in Minsk on August 15, 2020. The death of Taraikovsky caused more protests.

On December 21, 2020, the representative of the public initiative "Belarusian People's Tribunal" Igor Makar published the materials of the preliminary investigation. They claim that Aleksandr Taraikovsky was deliberately and cynically killed by an employee of the Special Anti-Terrorist Unit "Almaz" Korovin Nikita Yuryevich(born in 1993), with the complicity of other unidentified employees of this spesial forces unit.

Reaction 

On September 17, 2020, European Parliament spoke on the situation in Belarus. It printed a decision, supported by a very big number of people in the parliament, calling for an "independent and effective investigation" into the death of Alexander Taraikovsky related to the protests.

On November 19, 2020, Jim Gilmore, United States Ambassador to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, spoke on a three-month end of the investigation into the death of Alexander Taraikovsky. He said that it is another sign of “the impunity with which Belarusian security forces pursue their violent crackdown on peaceful protesters.”

On November 26, 2020, European Parliament spoke on the situation in Belarus.  It printed a decision, supported by a very big number of people in the parliament, calling for a "prompt, thorough, impartial and independent investigation into the death of Alexander Taraikovsky."

References 

1986 births
2020 deaths
Belarusian people
Deaths by firearm
People from Minsk
Victims during protests in Belarus in 2020
Gerald Paul "Jerry" Carr (August 22, 1932 – August 26, 2020) (Col, USMC, Ret.) was an American mechanical and aeronautical engineer, United States Marine Corps officer, naval aviator, and NASA astronaut. 

He was Commander of Skylab 4, the third and final crewed visit to the Skylab Orbital Workshop, from  November 16, 1973, to February 8, 1974.

Carr was born in Denver, Colorado. He studied at the University of Southern California and at Princeton University. 

Carr died in Albany, New York on August 26, 2020, four days after his 88th birthday.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Engineers from Colorado
American astronauts
Scientists from Denver, Colorado
Edward George "Ed" Gibson (born November 8, 1936) is a former NASA astronaut, pilot, engineer, and physicist.

Gibson was selected as part of NASA Astronaut Group 4, the first group of scientist-astronauts. He was on the support crew of Apollo 12, the second Moon landing mission. He worked on the development of the Skylab space station. 

In 1973–74, Gibson made his only flight into space as science pilot aboard Skylab 4, the third and final crewed flight to Skylab. He, along with Commander Gerald Carr and Pilot William Pogue, spent just over 84 days in space.

Gibson resigned from NASA in December 1974, but returned in 1977 to preside over the selection of scientist-astronaut candidates. Gibson retired from NASA for the last time in October, 1982.

References

1936 births
Living people
American astronauts
American aviators
American physicists
California Institute of Technology faculty
Engineers from New York
People from Buffalo, New York
Scientists from New York
University of Rochester alumni
Educators from New York
The Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) is the organization within the government of the Philippines that sends satellites and other objects into outer space.

Beginning
PhilSA was made by Republic Act No. 11363 that became a law in August 8, 2019.

The Philippines did some space projects before PhilSA became an official organization. Philippines’ Advanced Science and Technology Institute (DOST-ASTI) put the first Filipino-made object into orbit, DIWATA-1, in 2016. The second was Agila 2 in 2018.

Site

The buildings and other things for PhilSA are scheduled to be finished in 2022. In 2020, it operates in the Clark Special Economic Zone in Pampanga and Tarlac, which used to be an American air base.

References

Other websites

Space
Space Agency
Europa Europa (, lit. "Hitler Youth Salomon") is a 1990 German French Polish World War II drama movie directed by Agineszka Holland and based on the 1989 autobiographical novel by Solomon Perel. It stars Marco Hofschneider, Julie Delpy, Hanns Zischler, Piotr Kozlowski, André Wilms and was distributed by Orion Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1992.

Other websites

1990 drama movies
1990s war movies
World War II movies
German drama movies
French drama movies
Polish movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Agnieszka Holland
Ronald Timothy Renton, Baron Renton of Mount Harry,  (28 May 1932 – 25 August 2020) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament between 1974 to 1997. 

He was Minister of State for Immigration between 1987 to 1989 in the Thatcher cabinet and as Minister for the Arts between 1990 to 1992 in the Major cabinet. 

He was a member of the House of Lords between 1997 to 2016.

Renton died on 25 August 2020, aged 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
Tommy Joe Coffey (November 18, 1936 – August 25, 2020) was an American-born Canadian Football League (CFL) player. He was a wide receiver and place kicker for the Edmonton Eskimos, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Toronto Argonauts. He was born in Texas. His career lasted from 1959 to 1973.

Coffey died on August 25, 2020 at the age of 83.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
American football wide receivers
American football placekickers
Canadian sportspeople
Sportspeople from Texas
Erik Anders Allardt (9 August 1925 – 25 August 2020) was a Finnish sociologist. Allardt was professor of sociology at the University of Helsinki between 1955 and 1991, and as chancellor of Åbo Akademi University between 1992 and 1994. He was born in Helsinki.

Allardt died on 25 August 2020 in Helsinki at the age of 95.

References

Other websites

1925 births
2020 deaths
Scientists from Helsinki
Sociologists
Wolfgang Uhlmann (29 March 1935 – 24 August 2020) was a German chess grandmaster. He was East Germany's most successful professional chess player. 

He won the German Democratic Republic (GDR) national championship 11 times from 1954 to 1986. He was the GDR's most outstanding player at the Chess Olympiads of 1956–1990, where he made 11 appearances.

At the 1964 event in Tel Aviv, he scored a combined 15 points out of 18, earning him the individual board one gold medal. 

An individual bronze medal, for a combined score of 13 points out of 18, followed in 1966 at Havana.

Uhlmann died on 24 August 2020 from a fall, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
German chess players
Mike Sertich (July 18, 1921 – August 24, 2020) was an American ice hockey coach. He was the head coach of Minnesota-Duluth from 1983 through to 2000. He continued coaching for several years after resigning. His career began in 1982 and he retired in 2012. Sertich was born in Virginia, Minnesota.

Sertich died on 24 August 2020 in Duluth, Minnesota at the age of 99.

References

Other websites
Mike Sertich Career Record at College Hockey News

1921 births
2020 deaths
American ice hockey players
Sportspeople from Minnesota
People from Duluth, Minnesota
Nemertodermatida is a class of Acoelomorpha, comprising 18 species of millimetre-sized turbellariform, mostly interstitial worms.

References 

Animals
Miron Naumovich Sher (Russian: Мирон Наумович Шер; June 29, 1952 – August 21, 2020) was an influential Ukrainian-born American chess grandmaster. In 1981, at age 29, Sher became a chess coach for the Russian national team, a role he held until 1985.

Sher became an international master in 1988 and a grandmaster in 1992.

In 1991, when the Soviet Union dissolved, Sher became a Russian citizen. 

Sher died August 21, 2020, in New York City at the age of 68.

References

Other websites
 Miron Sher profile at FIDE
 Chess games of Miron Sher at Chessgames.com
 Miron N. Sher Tournament database at www.365chess.com

1952 births
2020 deaths
Ukrainian chess players
Russian chess players
American chess players
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Sportspeople from New York City
Arunachalam Chettiar Lakshmanan, B.A., B.L., (22 March 1942 – 27 August 2020) was an Indian politician and lawyer. He was a Judge of the Supreme Court of India between 2002 and 2007. He was Chairman of the Law Commission of India between 2006 and 2009.

Lakshmanan died on August 27, 2020 in Devakottai, Tamil Nadu from cardiac arrest, aged 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian politicians
Indian judges
Hohi Ngapera Te Moana Keri Kaa  (1942 – 26 August 2020) was a New Zealand writer, educator and activist for te reo Māori. 

During her time in Wellington, Kaa was involved with the Haeata Women's Collective (a group of Māori women artists), the Herstory diary project, and the Waiata Koa collective.

Her children's book Taka Ki Ro Wai, written in the Waiapu dialect of te reo, won the inaugural Māori language category in the New Zealand Post Book Awards for Children and Young Adults and honored in the National Design Awards for creative director Martin Page's work.

Kaa died on 26 August 2020, aged 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
New Zealand writers
Activists
New Zealand educators
Bluestar's Prophecy is a children's fantasy novel Warriors series by Erin Hunter. This is the second Warriors Super Edition.  The first was Firestar's Quest. The main character is Bluefur.  The book tells her story from birth until she becomes leader of ThunderClan. It was published by HarperCollins and released on July 28, 2009. It was released in China on July 31, 2010.

Plot

Bluestar is also called Bluefur and Bluepaw during different parts of her life.

Bluestar's Prophecy follows the life of Bluestar, the future leader of ThunderClan. The book opens with a prologue that recounts the Bluestar's death in Warriors: A Dangerous Path from Bluestar's point of view. The book then goes back to Bluestar's childhood, during which Goosefeather, the Clan's medicine cat, receives a prophecy about Bluepaw being a fire that blazes through the forest, but who may be destroyed by water. A few moons later, Bluepaw's mother, Moonflower, is killed by the WindClan's medicine cat, Hawkheart.

Bluepaw's childhood is defined by her relationship with her sister, Snowpaw, which is damaged when Snowpaw - later Snowfur - falls in love with Thistleclaw, whom Bluefur finds arrogant and untrustworthy. Snowfur is later killed when she is hit by a speeding car, leaving a heartbroken Bluefur to care for her son, Whitekit.

As a warrior, Bluefur meets a RiverClan warrior named Oakheart; although they do not like each other at first, they eventually fall in love. They decide to spend one night together at Fourtrees, the regular Clan Gathering plan, but agree that for the good of their Clans, they will never meet again. One moon later, Bluefur is horrified to find out that she is expecting kits. Thrushpelt, a ThunderClan warrior with feelings for Bluefur, offers to help her take care of her kits. Bluefur accepts his offer, allowing the rest of ThunderClan to believe that Thrushpelt is the father of her kits.

Sunstar, ThunderClan's leader, tells Bluefur that he was planning to make her ThunderClan's new deputy, but because of her kits, he will promote Thistleclaw to deputy instead. After having a vision of Thistleclaw drenched in blood, Bluefur realizes that allowing him to become deputy and then leader would be deadly to the Clan. She decides to take her three kits to Oakheart and let them be raised in RiverClan. During this, one of her kits, Mosskit, freezes to death white her other kits, Mistykit and Stonekit, make it to Riverclan. She explains the disappearance of her kits by pretending they have been taken by a starving predator.

Without her kits, Bluefur is made deputy. After Sunstar loses his final life to dogs, she becomes leader, receiving her own nine lives and taking on the name Bluestar. After successfully leading ThunderClan for several seasons, she receives another prophecy from the ThunderClan medicine cat, Spottedleaf: “Fire alone can save our Clan.” Later, while on patrol with Whitestorm and her deputy, Redtail, she catches sight of a bright ginger house cat named Rusty. Recognizing him as the cat from Spottedleaf's prophecy, she names him Firepaw and accepts him into ThunderClan.

References

Warriors books
2009 books