cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rani Mukerji (born 21 March 1978) is an Indian actress active in Bollywood. She has won 7 Filmfare awards.

Selected filmography 

 Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998)
 Saathiya  (2002)
 Yuva (2004)
 Hum Tum (2004)
 Veer-Zaara (2004)
 Black (2005)
 Bunty Aur Babli (2005)
 Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna (2022)
 No One Killed Jessica (2011)
 Talaash: The Answer Lies Within (2012)
 Mardaani (2014)
 Hichki (2018)

References

1978 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Maharaja Agrasen (or Agrasena) was a legendary Indian king of Agroha in India. This was a city of traders from whom the cities of Agrawal and Agrahari descend. He started a kingdom of traders in North India named Agroha. He is known for his compassion in refusing to slaughter animals in yajnas.
The Government of India issued a postage stamp in honour of Maharaja Agresen in 1976 on the occasion of his 410th birthday.

References 

Hindus
Legends
are two 2014 Role-playing video games published by The Pokémon Company and developed by Game Freak. It was released for the Nintendo 3DS. Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire were released on November 21, 2014 in Japan, North America, and Australia. It was released on November 28, 2014 in Europe. The games are a remake of the 2002 Game Boy Advance games Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire.

A trailer for the game was shown at Nintendo's 2014 E3 video. The trailer included new gameplay footage, as well as, the new playable character designs and new Mega Evolutions for Sceptile and Swampert that were not in X and Y like Blaziken was.

Reception
Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire were given positive review. IGN rated the game a 7.8 out of 10. Kallie Plagge of IGN sai that she liked the 3D reinvention of the Hoenn region and online functionality. She was critical of the HMs needed to play the game and the perceived imbalance that favored Water-type Pokémon (she played Alpha Sapphire). She said that "Too much water" was a negative. GameSpot rated the game 8 out of 10. Peter Brown of GameSpot said that he liked the 3D visuals and the super training mechanic but didn't think that the game did not fix general issues in the game formula.

As of June 30, 2015, Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire have sold 10.27 million copies worldwide.

References

Other websites
Official website 
Official website (International)

2014 video games
Nintendo 3DS games
Pokémon RPGs
Video game remakes
Video games developed in Japan
Wesley Augustus Williams (August 26, 1897 - July 3, 1984) was the first African-American officer in the New York City Fire Department. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1927. He was the third African-American man to join the New York Fire Department. He was one of the founders of the Vulcan Society in 1940.

Biography
He was born on August 26, 1897 to James Henry Williams (1879-1948) and Lucy Metrash (1881-1932) in Manhattan, New York City.

He wanted to join the New York City Fire Department when he read about Samuel Jesse Battle joining the New York City police department. The first African-American to join the New York City Fire Department was William H. Nicholson, who joined in 1898. Williams had a very high score on his written test. He scored perfect on his physical examination. All firefighter candidates must have a character reference. His was written by former U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt. Even so he was put on the waiting list while others were hired ahead of him. Williams finally joined on January 10, 1919. He was assigned to Engine Company 55 in Manhattan, New York City. Williams was promoted to lieutenant in 1927.

He died on July 3, 1984 at the Physicians Hospital in Forest Hills, New York City, he was 86 years old.

References

Other websites 
Wesley Augustus Williams at Find-a-Grave 

1897 births 
1984 deaths
African-American people
Firefighters
People from Manhattan
Sir David Valentine Willcocks CBE, MC (30 December 1919 – 17 September 2015) was a British choral conductor, organist, composer and music administrator. He was born in Newquay, Cornwall. He was particularly well known for his works with the Choir of King's College, Cambridge. He directed from 1957 to 1974.

Other websites
 Interview with Sir David Willcocks by Bruce Duffie, January 22, 1989

1919 births
2015 deaths
British conductors
English composers
Entertainers from Cornwall
Organists
Miriam Margolyes  (born 18 May 1941) is an English people-Australian actress. She is best known for her role as Professor Sprout in the Harry Potter movie series. She also appeared appeared in the movies The Age of Innocence (1993), which won her a BAFTA Award, Babe (1995), and Babe: Pig in the City (1998). She has appeared in television series such as Merlin, Doc Martin and The Sarah Jane Adventures.

Margolyes was born in Oxford, Oxfordshire. She was the daughter of Ruth (née Walters; 1905–1974), a property investor and developer, and Joseph Margolyes (1899–1996), a Scottish physician from Glasgow. She was grew up in a Jewish family and her ancestors are from Poland and Belarus. She is a lesbian and has been with her partner Heather for over forty years. She has also been an Australian citizen since 2013.

Filmography

Animated roles
 American Dad! - Margaret Thatcher
 Family Guy - Maggie Smith's Right Eye
 The Fool of the World and the Flying Ship - Mother, Mrs. Forester
 Tinga Tinga Tales - Giraffe and Squirrel

Live action roles
 The Water Margin - Hu San-niang

Film roles
 Babe - Fly
 Babe: Pig in the City - Fly
 Balto - Additional Voices
 Early Man - Queen Oofeefa
 Electric Dreams - Ticket Girl
 Flushed Away - Rita's Grandma
 Happy Feet - Mrs. Astrakhan
 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets - Professor Pomona Sprout
 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 - Professor Pomona Sprout
 Immortal Beloved - Nanette Streicherová
 James and the Giant Peach - Glowworm (speaking)
 Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole - Mrs. Plithiver
 Little Shop of Horrors - Dental Nurse
 The Man Who Invented Christmas - Mrs. Fisk
 Maya the Bee Movie - Queen
 Mulan - Matchmaker
 Pacific Heights - Realtor
 Romeo + Juliet - The Nurse
 Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island - Mrs. Krepnick
 The Thief and the Cobbler - Maiden from Mombassa
 Valhalla - Elda, Mother, Sif
 Yentl - Sarah

References

Other websites

 

1941 births
Living people
Actors from Oxfordshire
Australian Jews
Australian LGBT people
Australian movie actors
Australian stage actors
Australian television actors
Australian voice actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
English LGBT people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Jewish British actors
Lesbian Jews
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Øvre Årdal is a village near Årdal in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.  It is the largest village in Årdal.  It is sits on the northern end of the  long lake Årdalsvatnet. The village of Årdalstangen is at the southern end. The  village has a population (2013) of 3,206. This gives the village a population density of . Farnes Church is in this village.

The road Tindevegen goes from Øvre Årdal, through the Fardalen valley to Turtagrø in Luster municipality.  It's one of the highest elevation roads in Norway.  There is also a road which goes south past the lake Tyin to the European route E16 highway which goes through Valdres to Oslo.

Øvre Årdal is the starting point for tours into the nearby Utladalen Landscape Protection Area and Jotunheimen National Park.  There are trips to the Utladalen and Avdalen valleys, to the mountain Falketind and to the Vettisfossen waterfall. There are also trips to the historic farms of Vetti, Vettismorki, and Avdalen.

Norsk Hydro has an aluminium smelting plant which is a major employer in the area.

Årdal FK is an association football club. They play at Jotun stadium in Øvre Årdal.

References

Other websites
 
 Årdal Sogelag 
 Porten.no 
 Tindevegen 

Settlements in Norway
Geography of Norway
Mario Benjamín Menéndez (3 April 1930 – 18 September 2015) was an Argentine military officer. He was a Brigadier General of the Argentine Army. After the 1982 Argentine occupation, he served as Governor of the Falkland Islands from 3 April until 14 June. He surrendered to British forces during the Falkland Wars.

Menéndez was born in Buenos Aires. His brother was Luciano Benjamín Menéndez (1927–2018), a general of the Dirty War.

Menéndez died on 18 September 2015 at the age of 85.

References

1930 births
2015 deaths
Argentine generals
Argentine politicians
People from Buenos Aires
Vadim Alexeevich Kuzmin (; 16 April 1937 – 17 September 2015) was a Russian theoretical physicist, meaning he worked on using mathematical processes to develop the theories used to explain data. He was known for working in the elektroweak baryogenesis field.

Other websites
Homepage at the INR, Russian
Kuzmin's 70th birthday
Biographical entry with photograph
2006 Pomeranchuk Prize 

1937 births
2015 deaths
Russian academics
People from Moscow
Russian theoretical physicists
Mishael Cheshin (‎; February 16, 1936 – September 19, 2015) was an Israeli Justice. He served in the Supreme Court of Israel from 1992 to 2006.

Before becoming a judge he was working at the Justice Ministry.

Cheshin was born in Beirut and died at the age of 79 from cancer in Tel Aviv.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
Civil servants
Israeli Jews
Judges
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Beirut
The Entertainer is the third studio album by English recording artist Alesha Dixon. It was released on 26 November 2010 in the United Kingdom by Asylum Records. It was released by Atlantic Records in the United States. The album was originally called Unleashed but was renamed to The Entertainer instead. The Entertainer was the second album that Dixon used her first name instead of her full name. The first was 2006's Fired Up. Dixon also rapped on some of the songs. The album has an American precision pop beat feel to it. It is a club record with the same kind of songs Britney and Lady GaGa love to sing.

Track listing

References

2010 albums
Alesha Dixon albums
Dance albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
I Am is the fifth studio album by British recording artist Leona Lewis. It was released on 11 September 2015, by Island Records after Lewis left Syco Music in June 2014, she had been with that label ever since she had won The X Factor in 2006.

Track listing

 denotes co-producer

Charts

Release history

References

2015 albums
Leona Lewis albums
Pop albums
Neo soul albums
R&B albums
Reverend Timothy Lovejoy is  a fictional character on the long running TV show The Simpsons. His voice is performed by Harry Shearer. He is the reverend of The First Church of Springfield.

History

Name 

Reverend Lovejoy was named after Lovejoy St. in Portland, Oregon, the hometown of Simpsons creator Matt Groening.

Role in The Simpsons 
Lovejoy is the pastor of the First Church in Springfield.

Other websites
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1990
Janet Jackson is the self-titled debut album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released on September 21, 1982, by A&M Records.

Reviews

Janet Jackson received mixed reviews from music critics.

Track listing

References

1982 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Pop soul albums
Funk albums
R&B albums
Aaron B. Rollins (1818 - December 4, 1878) was a politician connected to the Tammany Hall political machine. He served in New York's legislature in 1852. He was later elected coroner for New York City from 1867 to 1870.

Biography
Rollins was born in 1818. He died on December 4, 1878 at the Union-Place Hotel in Manhattan.

References

US Democratic Party politicians
Politicians from New York
1818 births
People from New York City
1878 deaths
was a Japanese politician.

Shiokawa served as Parliamentary Vice Minister of International Trade and Industry from 1972 to 1973, Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary from 1976 to 1977, Commerce and Industry Committee Chairman from 1979 to 1980, Minister of Transport from 1980 to 1981 (under Prime Minister Zenko Suzuki), Minister of Education from 1986 to 1987 (under PM Yasuhiro Nakasone), Chief Cabinet Secretary for three months in 1989 (under PM Sōsuke Uno), and Minister of Home Affairs from 1991 to 1992.

Shiokawa died of pneumonia in Osaka, Japan, aged 93.

References

1921 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Japanese politicians
Civil servants
People from Osaka Prefecture
Eduardo Guillermo Bonvallet Godoy (January 13, 1955 – September 18, 2015), was a Chilean footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder and later developed a TV and radio sports commentator career.

Bonvallet was found dead by hanging using a belt at Nogales Hotel in the kitchen of room 213. Local news report he was suffering from depression.

References

1955 births
2015 deaths
Suicides by hanging
Chilean footballers

People from Santiago
The Medical Society of New Jersey is the oldest professional society in the United States. It was founded in 1766.

References

Organizations based in the United States
1766 establishments
1760s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
Bruce José Djité (born 25 March 1987) is a retired American-born Australian soccer player. He last played in Indonesia for PSM Makassar. He also played for the Australian national team as a striker.

Djite was born in Washington, D.C., United States. His father is from the Ivory Coast and his mother is from Togo. He moved to Sydney, New South Wales when he was three years old. Djite speaks French and English.

References

Other websites

 

1987 births
Living people
Australian footballers
Sportspeople from Sydney
Sportspeople from Washington, D.C.
was a Japanese politician. He was the Governor of Okinawa Prefecture from 10 December 2014 to his death in 2018. Before this, he served four terms as the Mayor of Naha from November 2000 until December 2014.

Onaga died on 8 August 2018 from pancreatic cancer, aged 67.

References

1950 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Mayors
Governors of Japanese prefectures
People from Okinawa Prefecture
Peter Joseph Noozhumurry Varghese  (born 1956) is an Australian diplomat and public servant. He has been the Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade since 3 December 2012.

Varghese was born in Kenya to Nasrani parents from Kerala, India. He moved to Australia as a child in 1964. He studied history and graduated from the University of Queensland. He is married and has a son.

References

1956 births
Living people
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Civil servants
Australian diplomats
Order of Australia
Rostam Giv or Arbab Rostam Giv (  alternative spellings: Rustam Guiv) (1880, Yazd, Iran  - October 7 1980, Whittier, California),  was the founder of Giv charity foundation. He was the third representative of Iranian Zoroastrians in the Iranian parliament. He was also a senator of the Iranian Senate.

Life 
Giv was born in 1888 in Yazd. His mother's name was Kharman. His father's name was Shahpour.

Giv completed his elementary education at Kay Khosravi school. He learned English language in Yazd. He was elected as the Zoroastrians' Representative in the Iranian National Assembly after Keikhosrow Shahrokh died in 1939.
He founded "Giv's Charity foundation" in 1958 for supporting needy people. He was also selected as a senator in the Iranian Senate in 1963 because of his charity works for the Iranian people.

Rostam Bagh 
Rostam Bagh, is a big garden in Tehran Pars Street in Tehran.  Arbab Rostam was built in 1957 for Living Zoroastrian's Needy Family. This garden covers about , including residential buildings, a meeting hall, two schools, a sports ground, a library and a fire temple.

Building water reservoir 
Making a water reservoir in Yazd, which has 4000 cubic meter capacity and provides clean and safe water for people is another one of Giv's charity works.

Building schools 
Giv has built schools for Iranian children. He built Giv's elementary school, Ostad Khdobabakhsh elementary school and Ostad pour-Davood elementary school for boys and girls in Tehran. He donated  of land to Iran's Ministry of Education in Damavand County.

Endowments outside Iran 
A few months before the Iranian revolution, Rostam and his wife immigrated to the United States and he founded his charity foundations. They donated 4 million dollars for building Zoroastrian charities in all of the world.

They built Charity Buildings for Zoroastrians in New York, Chicago, Toronto, Vancouver and Sydney.

Gallery

Related pages 
 Keikhosrow Shahrokh

References

Other websites 
 Darbe Mehr Zoroastrian Temple In NY
 The making of Chicago's Darbe Mehr 

Zoroastrians
1888 births
1980 deaths
Iranian politicians
Radio City was an Iranian cinema that was opened on 18 September 1958 in Tehran.

The design of this cinema was preformed by Heydar Ghiai, who was known as a pioneer of modern architecture in Iran. This Cinema was closed after 1979 Iranian Islamic revolution.

References

Tehran
Buildings and structures in Iran
Theatres
1958 establishments in Asia
1979 disestablishments
20th-century establishments in Iran
1970s disestablishments in Asia
Keikhosrow Shahrokh (Kerman, Iran, 1864  – 1939) was the designer of the mausoleum of Persian poet Ferdowsi in the city of Tus. 

As elected representative of the Zoroastrian community, he was an active member of the Iranian parliament. He is best known for his role in the 1925 transition of the official calendar from the Islamic calendar of hejri ghamarei to the Iranian civil calendar, known as hejri shamsi.

Related pages 
 Qajar dynasty
 Iranian calendar

References

Other websites
 Biography

1864 births
1929 deaths
Zoroastrians
Iranian people
Hippias of Athens () lived in Athens in the 6th century BC. He was one of the sons of Peisistratus, the ruler of Athens. Hippias succeeded Peisistratus in 527 BC. and became tyrant of Athens.

His brother Cleisthenes was murdered in 514 BC. Hippias' behavior changed. He became cruel and angry, executing people in revenge, and taking away the freedom of people. He also was afraid of threats from the aristocrats. In the end his uncle Cleisthenes decided to overthrow Hippias and gain power for himself and his family. Hippias was captured and sent into exile, away from Athens forever in 510 BC.

Hippias fled to Persia, and the Persians threatened to attack Athens if they did not accept Hippias. The Athenians preferred to remain democratic despite the danger from Persia. Soon after, the Ionian Revolt against Persian rule began in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor. It was put down in 494 BC, but Darius I of Persia was keen to punish Athens for its role in the revolt. In 490 BC Hippias, still in the service of the Persians, led Darius to Marathon, in Greece. The Battle of Marathon  began a series of Greek victories which made Athens and its colonies successful. The next 200 years saw flowering of the classical Greek civilisation.

References 

Ancient Greeks
Ancient Athens
Strelka Institute for Media, Architecture and Design is an international school for architecture located in Moscow, Russia. The institute works with students from all around the world to solve problems relating to urbanism and urban development. The institute is a nonprofit project by the Russian government. It began in 2009. In 2014 the institute won a prize from the Domus Magazine for the top 100 best schools of architecture of that year.

Other websites 
  Strelka institut

Colleges and universities in Russia
Buildings and structures in Moscow
Architecture
Urban planning
United States National Arboretum is the national arboretum of the United States. It is located in Washington, D.C.

Related pages
 List of botanical gardens

Other websites 

United States National Arboretum
Friends of the National Arboretum
Save The Azaleas 

Botanical gardens  in the United States
Washington, D.C.
Chief Clarence "Clancy" Wiggum is a fictional character on the long running TV show The Simpsons. His voice is performed by Hank Azaria. He is the police chief of Springfield.

History

Name 

His surname "Wiggum" is Matt Groening's mother's maiden name.

Role in The Simpsons 
Clancy Wiggum is the police chief of Springfield. He is the father of Ralph Wiggum and the husband of Sarah Wiggum. He is often shown as an incompetent and lazy policeman.

Other websites
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1990
Abraham Jay-Jedediah "Abe" Simpson, known as Grampa Simpson, is a character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta. He first appeared on The Tracey Ullman Show in the Simpson Short "Good Night".

Role in the Simpsons

Family 
He is the father of Homer Simpson and the grandfather of Bart, Lisa and Maggie; he is the husband of Mona Simpson, but later he also has been married for a short time to Amber (a woman that Homer married in Las Vegas too) and to Selma Bouvier, now he's married to Rita LaFleur. He lives in an old folk's home.

Characteristics 

Abe Simpson is a World War II veteran and he often tells long, unlikely and rambling stories about his past. He was married to Mona Simpson for many years until she became a fugitive after she destroyed biological weapons owned by Mr. Burns.
Grampa Simpson has a poor relationship with his son Homer.

References

Other websites
 Grampa Simpson's profile at TheSimpsons.com
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1988
Biological rhythms are the repeating cycles of activity which occur in living organisms. The best-known example is the daily of circadian rhythm, which fits the cycle of day and night. Most forms of life have natural rhythms which fit them to natural changes in their environment. Animals are most active in part of the day, and rest or sleep at other times. They may be:
 Diurnal, which describes organisms active during daytime
 Nocturnal,  active in the night
 Crepuscular, active during the dawn and dusk hours

Plants undergo daily cycles as well. Photosynthesis has parts which need light, called light-dependent reactions, and parts which can continue at night (light-independent reactions).

Many other important cycles are also studied, including:
 cycles longer than a day, such as the annual migration or reproduction cycles found in certain animals or the human menstrual cycle.
 cycles shorter than 24 hours, such as the 90-minute REM cycle, the 4-hour nasal cycle, or the 3-hour cycle of growth hormone production.
 Tidal rhythms are often seen in marine life, which follow the roughly 12.4-hour transition from high to low tide and back.
 Lunar rhythms, which follow the lunar month (29.5 days). They are relevant for marine life, as the level of the tides is affected by the lunar cycle. 
 Gene oscillations – some genes are expressed more during certain hours of the day than during other hours.

References 

Physiology
In mammals and birds, sleep can be divided into two categories. In one of them, the eyes move rapidly. This is called REM-sleep (from rapid eye movement). Most dreams take place in this phase. REM-sleep occurs normally at intervals throughout the night. The periods of REM-sleep increase in length in the second half of the night. REM-sleep was first discovered in 195253. The function of REM sleep is not well understood.

Nathaniel Kleitman and his student Eugene Aserinsky defined rapid eye movement and linked it to dreams in 1953. REM sleep was further described by researchers including William Dement and Michel Jouvet.

The other category, where this movement of the eyes does not happen, is called NREM-sleep (Non-REM sleep). Usually, dreams do not occur during this time. There are three or four stages of NREM-sleep. Stage I is just barely sleeping, or dozing. Stage II is also light sleep. Normally, in adult humans, about half of the time spent asleep is spent in light sleep. Stages III and IV are called deep sleep. Deep sleep is necessary for growth and healing. It can be quite difficult to awaken someone who is in stage III or stage IV sleep. Sometimes stages III and IV are combined and called stage III.

Adult humans normally sleep in cycles of 90 to 110 minutes each. The night's sleep can be four or fine of these cycles. Each cycle includes, in this order: stage I, stage II, stage III (IV), stage II and REM.

The fact that birds and mammals both show REM and NREM sleep suggests that the trait evolved before the two groups diverged in their evolution. That suggests that the REM/NREM feature is both early and important in the evolution of land vertebrates.

REM and dreams 
Rapid eye movement sleep is associated with dreaming. Waking up sleepers during a REM phase is a common way to get dream reports. 80% of typical people can give some kind of dream report under these circumstances. Sleepers awakened from REM tend to give longer more narrative descriptions of the dreams they were experiencing. They estimate the duration of their dreams as longer.

Lucid dreams are reported far more often in REM sleep. The mental events which occur during REM usually have dream 'hallmarks' including narrative structure, convincingness (like waking life), and instinctual themes.

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder (more specifically a parasomnia) in which people act out their dreams.

Apart from its present distribution, nothing is known about the evolution of this brain feature, and its function is not exactly known. Experiments on humans suggests they need rem sleep or they get obvious mental deterioration.

References 

Physiology
Sleep
Biblical Museum of Natural History is a small museum in Beit Shemesh, Israel. It is dedicated to the natural history of the Bible. The museum was established in 2014 by Rabbi Natan Slifkin.

Other websites 
  Biblical Museum of Natural History
 Zoo Torah: The Biblical Museum

Museums in Israel
2014 establishments in Israel
Discipline is the tenth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released by Island Records on February 26, 2008. It was her first album released on Island Records. It is also her last album as she has decided to leave Island Records and release her albums herself. Jackson was unhappy with Island's promotion of the album.

Critical

Dicipline received generally favorable reviews from critics. Metacritic gave it a Metascore of 61.

Track listing

(*) denotes co-producer

Personnel

 Janet Jackson – vocals, background vocals, producer, executive producer, vocal producer
 Judi Acosta-Stewart – production coordination
 Ashaunna Ayars – marketing
 Chuando & Frey – art direction, photography, packaging
 Dave Clauss – assistant engineer
 Fran Cooper – make-up
 Carol Corless – package production
 Ian Cross – mixing assistant, vocal engineer, vocal producer
 LaShawn Daniels – vocal arrangement
 Eric Dawkins – background vocals, vocal arrangement
 Mike Donaldson – engineer, digital editing, effects
 The-Dream – producer
 Jermaine Dupri – producer, executive producer, mixing, vocal producer
 Missy Elliott – rap
 Dernst Emile – guitar, producer, vocal arrangement, instrumentation
 Paul Foley – engineer, mixing
 Brian Gardner – mastering
 Kenneth Goh – stylist
 David Gough – producer
 Kuk Harrell – engineer
 Tor Erik Hermanson – instrumentation
 John Horesco IV – guitar, engineer, vocal engineer
 Josh Houghkirk – engineer
 Kegan Houston – assistant engineer
 Ernie Isley – guitar
 Rodney Jerkins – producer, mixing, instrumentation

 Terese Joseph – A&R
 Doug Joswick – package production
 Daniel Laporte – engineer
 Jaymz Hardy Martin III – engineer
 Diane McDonald – production coordination
 Ne-Yo – co-producer
 No I.D. – producer
 Carlos Oyanedel – assistant
 Dave Pensado – mixing
 R. City – vocals
 J. Peter Robinson – art direction, packaging
 Manuel Seal, Jr. – co-producer, vocal producer
 Telisha Shaw – vocals
 Chris Soper – assistant engineer
 Eric Stamile – co-producer
 Stargate – producers
 Chris "Tricky" Stewart – producer
 Shakir Stewart – A&R
 Phil Tan – mixing, vocal mixing
 Robert Taylor "R.T." – electric guitar
 Angie Teo – assistant engineer
 Brian "B Luv" Thomas – engineer
 Delisha Thomas – vocals
 Pat Thrall – engineer
 Roberto Vazquez – engineer, mixing
 Chris Viecco – vocals
 Brian Woodring – engineer
 Andrew Wuepper – mixing assistant
 Janet Zeitoun – hair stylist

Charts

Weekly charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

References

2008 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Island Records albums
Dance albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
"The Monkey's Paw" is a supernatural horror short story by William Wymark Jacobs. It was published in 1902, in the book The Lady of the Barge. It is one of the  most famous horror short stories of English literature. It is based on the idea that the holder of a talisman has three wishes. In this case, the talisman is the mummified paw of a monkey. In the story, the wishes are granted, but the results are unexpectedly negative.

The story has been the source for many movies, and a theatre play.

Other websites 
 "The Monkey's Paw"; Full Short Story Text
 Gaslight edition of the story 
 Monkey's Paw Radio Play
 Podcast of "The Monkey's Paw" as read by John Lithgow
 Books That Grow leveled book

English literature
Horror and fiction
Eduardo Menichetti Pilas (1950/51 – 8 July 2007) was a Chilean businessman from Santiago. He was best known as the president of the football club Colo-Colo from 1990 to 1995. During his five-year tenure, the club won three Campeonato Nacional titles and three international titles.

Menichetti died from colorectal cancer on 8 July 2007 at the age of 56. His two children survived him.

References

1950s births
2007 deaths
Chilean businesspeople
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Disease-related deaths in Chile
People from Santiago
Jack Edward Larson (February 8, 1928 – September 20, 2015) was an American actor, librettist, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for his role as Jimmy Olsen in the television series Adventures of Superman (1952–1958). He also appeared in Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and the movie Superman Returns (2006). He retired in 2011.

Larson was born in Los Angeles, California. He grew up in Pasadena, California. He was of Swedish and Russian ancestry. He was gay and his partner of 35 years, director and screenwriter James Bridges, died in 1993.

Larson died on September 20, 2015 in Brentwood, California, aged 87.

References

Other websites
 

1928 births
2015 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
American composers
American movie actors
American playwrights
American television actors
American television producers
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT directors
LGBT producers
LGBT screenwriters
LGBT people from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Actors from Pasadena, California
Screenwriters from Los Angeles
Writers from Pasadena, California
A review is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company. Popular reviews are about movies, video games, musical compositions or books. Other reviews are about cars, home appliances, or computers. An event or performance like a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition are commonly reviewed. legal case decisions by a lower court may be reviewed by a higher court. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit. Reviews are generally positive, neutral or negative.

Compilation reviews 
A compilation of reviews may itself be called a review. The New York Review of Books, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs. National Review, founded by William F. Buckley, Jr., is an influential conservative magazine. Monthly Review is a long-running socialist periodical. Metacritic creates an average score of published reviews called a metascore.

User reviews 
A user review is one written by someone for a product or a service based on his or her own experience with the reviewed product. Popular sources for consumer reviews are e-commerce sites like Amazon.com or Zappos. Social media sites like TripAdvisor and Yelp contain user reviews. E-commerce sites often have consumer reviews for products and sellers separately.  Usually, consumer reviews are in the form of several lines of texts accompanied by a numerical rating. This text is meant to help shoppers make a decision about a product. A consumer review of a product usually has comments on how well the product meets a user's expectations. It talks about how well it does its job, how reliable it is and its quality for the price. Consumer reviews are also called word of mouth. Users also comment on how they were treated by a seller. They may comment on how dependable or trustworthy a seller is.

References

Other websites 
 4 Ways to Manage Online Reviews

Writing media
Survey of Pakistan is the national mapping agency of Pakistan. The headquarters of the organization is located in the Survey Training Institute in Islamabad.

Other websites 
  Survey of Pakistan

National mapping agencies
Pakistan
The Velvet Rope is the sixth studio album by American singer Janet Jackson. The album was released on October 7, 1997 through Virgin Records. It was the last album that Jackson would use her full name on the title. The Velvet Rope was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Reviews

The Velvet Rope received mixed to positive reviews.

Track listing

Samples
 "Velvet Rope" samples "Hobo Scratch" by Malcolm McLaren and The World Famous Supreme Team and "Tubular Bells" by Mike Oldfield.
 "You" samples "The Cisco Kid" by War.
 "Got 'til It's Gone" samples "Big Yellow Taxi" by Joni Mitchell.
 "My Need" samples "Love Hangover" by Diana Ross and "You're All I Need to Get By" by Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell.
 "Together Again" samples "Bridge Zone"  by Yuzo Koshiro.
 "Free Xone" samples "Think (About It)" by Lyn Collins, "Tighten Up" by Archie Bell & the Drells, and "Joyous" by Pleasure.

Personnel
Credits adapted from AllMusic.

Musicians

 David Barry – guitar
 Lee Blaske – string arrangements
 Jan Chong – violin
 Carolyn Daws – violin
 Hanley Daws – violin
 Glen Donnellen – viola
 Lynne Erickson – trumpet
 Charles Gray – viola
 Alyssa Hanson – vocals
 Rayvaline Harrell – choir director
 Shawnette Heard – vocals
 Camilla Heller – cello
 Joshua Koestenbaum – cello
 Kelly Konno – vocals
 Tina Landon – vocals
 Brenda Mickens – violin
 Joni Mitchell – performer
 Debbie Morrison – vocals
 Dale Newton – cello

 Willie R. Norwood – choir director
 Alice Preves – viola
 Prof. T. – vocals
 Q-Tip – rap, performer
 Myrna Rain – viola
 Nicholas Raths – guitar
 Gary Raynor – bass
 Alexander Richbourg – vocals, drum programming, rhythm arrangements
 Miko Salone – vocals
 Mike Scott – guitar
 Leslie Shank – violin
 Daryl Skobba – cello
 Liz Sobieski – violin
 Mike Sobieski – violin
 Daria Tedeschi – violin
 United Children's Choir – choir, chorus
 Vanessa-Mae – violin, performer
 James "Big Jim" Wright – organ, keyboards, vocals, rhythm arrangements

Production

 Flavia Cureteu – design
 Steve Durkee – assistant engineer
 Rene Elizondo, Jr. – executive producer
 Brian Gardner – mastering
 Steve Gerdes – design
 Steve Hodge – engineer, mixing
 Ken Holmen – clarinet, flute, saxophone
 Janet Jackson – vocals, background vocals, producer, executive producer, vocal arrangement, rhythm arrangements
 Jimmy Jam – producer, vocal arrangement, rhythm arrangements

 Tim Lauber – engineer, assistant engineer
 Terry Lewis – producer, vocal arrangement, rhythm arrangements
 Michael McCoy – assistant engineer
 Mike Ozdozzi – mastering assistant
 Len Peltier – art direction
 Xavier Smith – assistant engineer
 Mario Testino – photography
 Ellen von Unwerth – photography
 Bradley Yost – assistant engineer

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

1997 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Dance albums
Hip hop soul albums
R&B albums
Maqbool Fida Husain (17 September 1915 – 9 June 2011) ) commonly known as MF Husain, was a modern Indian painter. He was a founding member of The Progressive Artists Group of Bombay (PAG). He is thought to be one of the greatest painters of India.

M. F. Husain died, aged 95, on 9 June 2011, following a heart attack. He had been unwell for several months. He died at the Royal Brompton Hospital in London, and was buried in Brookwood Cemetery on 10 June 2011.

References

1915 births
2011 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in London
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian painters
Maharashtra
Qatari people
Charles Kenneth "C. K." Williams (November 4, 1936 – September 20, 2015) was an American poet, critic and translator. Williams won nearly every major poetry award. Flesh and Blood won the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1987. Repair (1999) won the 2000 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, was a National Book Award finalist and won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize. The Singing won the National Book Award, 2003 and in 2005 Williams received the Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize.

Williams died of multiple myeloma.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
American critics
American poets
Cancer deaths in New Jersey
Deaths from multiple myeloma
Writers from Newark, New Jersey
Pulitzer Prize winners
Dorothea Warren O'Hara (August 31, 1873 - May 1972) was an American ceramic artist who won the Lifetime Membership Prize from the National Arts Club and a gold medal at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. She was president of the Keramic Society of Greater New York and president of the New York National Society of Craftsmen.

Biography
She was born as Dorothea Warren on August 31, 1873 in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1915 she won the Lifetime Membership Prize from the National Arts Club and a gold medal at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. In 1923 she published The Art of Enameling on Porcelain. She died in May 1972 in Delray Beach, Florida.

Legacy
He works are on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City and the Ueno Royal Museum in Tokyo.

Books she wrote
The Art of Enameling on Porcelain (1912)
Dorothea Warren O'Hara Enamels, for Decorating All Kinds of China by the Roessler and Hasslacher Chemical Company (1920)

References

Other websites
Dorothea Warren O'Hara at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

1873 births
1972 deaths
American artists
Ceramists
People from Kansas City, Missouri
Suicide Squad is an American superhero movie based on the DC Comics team of the same name.

The movie was written and directed by David Ayer. It starred a cast featuring Will Smith, Jared Leto, Margot Robbie, Joel Kinnaman, Jai Courtney, Cara Delevingne, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, Karen Fukuhara, Jay Hernandez, Adam Beach, and Viola Davis with Ben Affleck as Batman and Ezra Miller as The Flash.

By February 2009, a Suicide Squad movie was being made at Warner Bros. Pictures. David Ayer signed on to write and direct in September 2014 and by October the casting process had begun. Principal photography began on April 13, 2015 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and in Chicago, Illinois, and ended in August that year. The film was released on August 5, 2016 in 2D, 3D, and IMAX 3D.

A sequel, titled The Suicide Squad, will be released in August 2021.

References

2016 movies
American action movies
Warner Bros. movies
Batman movies
Movies shot in Chicago, Illinois
Movies that won the Best Makeup Academy Award
DC Extended Universe movies
Supervillain movies
American superhero movies
2010s superhero movies
Black Mass is a 2015 American crime movie directed by Scott Cooper and written by Mark Mallouk and Jez Butterworth. It is based on the 2001 book Black Mass: The True Story of an Unholy Alliance Between the FBI and the Irish Mob by Dick Lehr and Gerard O'Neill. 

The movie stars Johnny Depp, Joel Edgerton, Benedict Cumberbatch, Kevin Bacon, Jesse Plemons, Peter Sarsgaard, Rory Cochrane, Adam Scott, Dakota Johnson, and Corey Stoll.

The movie is about the criminal career of infamous Irish-American mobster Whitey Bulger (Depp). The movie was released to positive reviews on September 18, 2015.

2015 movies
American crime movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Boston, Massachusetts
Movies set in the 1970s
Movies set in the 1980s
Farhang Mehr (11 December 1923 – 4 March 2018) was an American political scientist, academic and researcher, and former Iranian politician. He was a Zoroastrian.

Mehr was born in a Zoroastrian family in Tehran. His father, Mehraban, was from the province of Kerman, and migrated to Tehran when he was 14 years old. He went on to become Chief Accountant in the Iranian Parliament.

He joined the National Iranian Oil Company. He was the head of the Department of International Contracts and Industrial Relations.

He was then nominated by the prime minister to serve as the Minister of Finance. However, he could not become a minister under Iran’s constitutional law which preserved the ministerial posts for Muslims only.

Mehr’s last position in Iran, prior to the Islamic Revolution of 1979, was president of Pahlavi University in Shiraz. During his presidency, the university became internationally known for its academic excellence .

In 1981, two years after the establishment of the Revolutionary Islamic Republic of Iran, Mehr migrated to the United States. There he joined Boston University as Professor of International Relations.

Mehr died on 4 March 2018 at the age of 94.

Notes

References 
 Iranian.com 2003
 Vohuman.org

Other websites 
VoHuman: Farhang Mehr
Iranian.com: Farhang Mehr

1923 births
2018 deaths
American academics
American political scientists
Iranian politicians
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Tehran
Zoroastrians
Girl is the second studio album by American rapper and record producer Pharrell Williams. The album was released on March 3, 2014, through Williams' label i Am Other and Columbia Records. Girl was Williams' first studio album since his debut studio album, In My Mind (2006).

Reviews

Girl received generally positive reviews from critics.

Track listing

 Notes
 "Come Get It Bae" features uncredited vocals from Miley Cyrus and Tori Kelly.
 "Lost Queen" contains the hidden track "Freq".

References

2014 albums
Funk albums
R&B albums
#1 to Infinity is the sixth compilation album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. It was released by Sony Music Entertainment on May 15, 2015. It features Carey's eighteen U.S. number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100. It also includes "Infinity", a new song written for the album.

Track listing

Notes
"I'll Be There" featuring Trey Lorenz is a cover originally performed by The Jackson 5
"Without You" is a cover originally performed by Badfinger
"Endless Love" with Luther Vandross is a cover originally performed by Lionel Richie and Diana Ross
"Against All Odds" with Westlife is a cover originally performed by Phil Collins
"Fantasy" is the Bad Boy Fantasy version. It also contains a sample of the Tom Tom Club's song "Genius of Love", written by Chris Frantz, Tina Weymouth, Adrian Belew and Steven Stanley
"Honey" contains samples of "Hey DJ" by the World's Famous Supreme Team, written by Stephen Hague, and "The Body Rock" by the Treacherous Three, written by Bobby Robinson, Larry Price and Malcolm McLaren
"Heartbreaker" contains a sample of "Attack of the Name Game" by Stacy Lattisaw, written by Shirley Ellis and Lincoln Chase
"We Belong Together" contains samples of Bobby Womack's "If You Think You're Lonely Now", written by Bobby Womack, Patrick Moten and Sandra Sully, and The Deele's "Two Occasions", written by Darnell Bristol and Kenneth Edmonds

Charts

Release history

References

2015 albums
Mariah Carey albums
Pop albums
Gospel albums
R&B albums
Greatest hits albums
Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs  (6 June 1855 – 11 February 1948) was an Australian judge and politician. He served as the Chief Justice of Australia from 2 April 1930 until 21 January 1931. He also served as the 9th, and first Australian-born, Governor-General from 21 January 1931 until 23 January 1936.

Isaacs was born in Melbourne, Victoria. His parents, German-born Alfred Isaacs and English-born Rebecca Abrahams, were Jewish immigrants. He was married to Deborah "Daisy" Jacobs () from 1888 until Isaacs' death. He had two daughters. He was strongly against Zionism.

Isaacs died after an illness on 11 February 1948 in South Yarra, Melbourne, aged 92. He was given a state funeral and was buried in the Melbourne General Cemetery after a synagogue service.

References

Other websites

 Australian Dictionary of Biography: Isaac Alfred Isaacs

1855 births
1948 deaths
Attorneys General of Australia
Australian Jews
Chief Justices of Australia
Disease-related deaths in Victoria (Australia)
Jewish judges
Jewish lawyers
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Politicians from Melbourne
Terry Jones (born October 1951) is the pastor of Dove World Outreach Center, a small nondenominational Christian church located, until July 2013, in Gainesville, Florida, USA. He is the President of a political group, Stand Up America Now. He is listed to be running for president in 2016. He ran in 2012, but lost. He and his church have received many death threats.

References

1951 births
Living people
American Evangelicals
Christian ministers
Islamophobia
People from Missouri
2012 United States presidential candidates
2016 United States presidential candidates
Bright Lights is the third Single from Matchbox Twenty's third album, More Than You Think You Are. The song proved to be a moderate hit for the band. It peaked at 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song is written by lead singer Rob Thomas. It is about a girl who leaves her hometown looking for fame. Throughout the song, he lets the girl know she can come home if things don't work out.

Charts

References 

2003 songs
Unwell is the second single from Matchbox Twenty's third album, More Than You Think You Are. It was written by Matchbox Twenty lead singer Rob Thomas. It was very successful on the radio, and spent 20 weeks at the top of the U.S. Adult Top 40 charts. The song is about a person who claims to not be crazy even though they're suffering from various occurrences that could lead them to be labeled as such. Rob Thomas states on the live DVD "Show" that he wrote the song to be a metaphor for humanity in general, a song for people who are "fucked up and feel alone like that. We all feel a little fucked up sometimes... you're not alone." This song is a staple of adult contemporary stations even years after its release. The song also was the second most played song in the United States for 2003 according to Billboard.

2003 songs
Rock songs
Johnson City is a city in Washington, Carter, and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is mostly in Washington County. The population is 71,046, making it the eighth largest city in Tennessee. During the American Civil War before 1869 the name of the town was briefly changed to "Haynesville" in honor of Confederate Senator Landon Carter Haynes.

Johnson City is the principal city of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, Tennessee–Virginia Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region. The CSA is the fifth-largest in Tennessee with an estimated 500,530 residents.

Economy

The popular citrus soda Mountain Dew traces its origins to Johnson City. In July 2012, PepsiCo announced a new flavored version of the drink named Mountain Dew Johnson City Gold in honor of the city. The drink was test marketed in the Chicago metropolitan area, Denver, and Charlotte, beginning in late August.

Colleges and universities
East Tennessee State University has around 16,000 students in addition to a K-12 University School, a laboratory school of about 540 students. University School was the first laboratory school in the nation to adopt a year-round academic schedule.

Milligan University is just outside the city limits in Carter County. It has about 1,200 students in undergraduate and graduate programs.

Northeast State Community College has renovated a building in downtown Johnson City for use as a new satellite teaching site.

Tusculum College is on the north side of Johnson City in the Boones Creek area.

References

Johnson City
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Millington is a city in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States. As of 2010, 10,176 people live in Millington.

Millington