cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Marc Okrand (; born July 3rd, 1948) is an American linguist.  He is known for making the Klingon language.

Biography

Linguistics
Okrand worked with Native American languages.  He earned a bachelor's degree from the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1972.  His 1977 doctoral work from the University of California, Berkeley, was on the grammar of Mutsun, a dialect of Ohlone (a.k.a. Southern Costanoan). Southern Costanoan is an extinct Utian language earlier spoken in the north central Californian coastal areas from Northern Costanoan down to 30 miles south of Salinas. Okrand's doctoral work was watched over by early linguist Mary Haas. He taught college linguistics courses at the University of California, Santa Barbara, from 1975 to 1978. After that he took a post doctoral fellowship at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., in 1978.

Star Trek
Okrand helped make closed captioning for the Oscars award show in 1982. While there Okrand met the producer for the movie Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. His first work was replacing in Vulcan language words for Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. The actors had been filmed talking in English. He was then hired by Paramount Pictures to make the Klingon language. Okrand also taught the actors using it in Star Trek III: The Search for Spock, Star Trek V: The Final Frontier, and Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country. He was later also hired for the 2009 Star Trek film for their use of the Romulan and Vulcan languages. He also made a Klingon dialogue for the 2009 movie, but it was not used in the final edited version. Okrand was also involved in Star Trek Into Darkness, but only after the movie was finished being made.

References

Other websites
 
 a press release about Marc Okrand  at the National Captioning Institute's website
 
 Marc Okrand  at startrek.com
 Interview with Marc Okrand in the Wall Street Journal

1948 births
Living people
American linguists
A eulogy (from , eulogia, meaning "praise") is a speech or writing in praise of a person or thing. It is often given about a recently dead or retired person. Eulogies may be given as part of funeral services.

References

Death customs
North Bend is a village in Miami Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 857 at the 2010 census.

References

Villages in Ohio
A fallen angel is an angel who has sinned and has been sent out of heaven.

Theology
Radawczyk Drugi is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Konopnica in eastern Poland.

About 200 people live in Radawczyk Drugi.

References

Villages in Poland
Mary Rosamund Haas (January 12, 1910 – May 17, 1996) was an American linguist. She studied Native American Indian languages. She also studied Thai and historical linguistics.

Early life
Haas attended high school in Richmond, Indiana, and later Earlham College.

Related pages 
List of women linguists

References

1910 births
1996 deaths
People from Richmond, Indiana
University of California, Berkeley faculty
American linguists
Writers from Indiana
Yale University alumni
Educators from Indiana
Sahana Pradhan (17 June 1927 – 22 September 2014) was a Nepalese politician. She was Minister of Foreign Affairs until she resigned on 16 April 2008. In 1986, she became the leader of the Communist Party of Nepal. In 1987, the political party merged with another one.

Pradhan was born in Kathmandu. She was married to politician Pushpa Lal Shrestha until his death in 1978.

Pradhan died from a brain haemorrhage on 22 September 2014 in Kathmandu. She was 88.

References

1927 births
2014 deaths
Communist politicians
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
People from Kathmandu

Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) politicians
Deputy Prime ministers of Nepal
The Atlantean language is a constructed language created by Marc Okrand. It was made  for Disney's film Atlantis: The Lost Empire.

References

Other websites
 Atlantean Language Institute – Provides a dictionary, grammar guide, and corpus

Related pages
 Atlantis: The Lost Empire, the film for which the language was created.

Constructed languages
Dulla Bhatti or Dullah Bhatti real name Abdullah Bhatti (popularly referred to as the Son of Punjab' or 'Robin Hood of Punjab') (died 1599) was a famous Punjabi Folk hero and freedom fighter who led a revolt against Mughal rule during the rule of the emperor Akbar.

Career
He belonged to the Bhatti Muslim Rajput tribe and was a zamindar or rural farmer. On becoming a young man, Dulla was angered to see the injustice of the Mughal rulers against local Punjabis, and he turned against them. He started guerilla warfare against the Mughal forces in the Punjab and was successful to some extent for 10 or 12 years. Later, however, he was defeated by the Mughal forces through the betrayal of some enemies and was imprisoned in Lahore Fort, Lahore. He was later hanged there in 1599.

Place in popular literature and culture
 Bhatti still remains a big and popular hero for Punjabi people, and he is mostly remembered in the traditional Punjabi var (ballads or songs about heroes).
 He is also remembered in the traditional dhadhi performances, like poems acted out, where actors show his many brave deeds.
 A number of books, stories (fiction) and plays (drama) have been written about his life and deeds, most famous of these is Takht Lahore a 1973 play or drama written by the Pakistani writer Najam Hussain Syed.
 A number of Urdu and Punjabi films have been made about him, including Dullah Bhatti (1956) by famed director Anwar Kamal Pasha.

References

1599 deaths
History of Pakistan
History of India
Punjabi people
Folklore
Najam Hussain Syed also spelt Najm Hosein Syed (born 1936) is a Punjabi play-writer, poet, and critic who lives in Lahore, Pakistan.

References

1936 births
Living people
Pakistani people
Punjabi people
Pakistani writers
Alexander Grothendieck (Berlin, 28 March 1928  13 November 2014, Saint-Girons, Ariège) was a leading figure in the modern field of algebraic geometry.

In 1970 Grothendieck left the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, where he had been appointed research professor (1958–1970) and where he did his greatest work. He turned to radical pacifism and opposed all forms of warfare and aggression. This is why he declined the Crafoord Prize in 1988.

In 1966 he was awarded the Fields Medal.

References

1928 births
2014 deaths
Fields Medalists
Scientists from Berlin
French algebraic geometers
Ohlone people are a Native American people from the north and central California coast. They lived in small villages, and they hunted deer and other animals. Ohlone groups who lived near the shore ate shellfish too. After eating them, they put their shells in mounds called shellmounds. They also buried the dead in shellmounds.

References

Other websites

http://www.muwekma.org - Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area
http://www.ohlonenation.org  - The Ohlone Nation

Native American people
Ethnic groups in North America
Hans Erik "Hasse" Wallman (1 May 1936 – 22 September 2014) was a Swedish businessman, impresario, composer, director, writer and producer. As an entertainment executive, he presented concerts for the British rock bands The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, as well as many other bands and performers. From 1965 until 1966, he was in charge of publicity at the record label Elektra Records. In 1991, he was given a Guldmasken award.

Wallman was born in Stockholm. He was married and had two children.

Wallman was injured in a horse riding accident at his home in Värmdö on 19 September 2014. He was put into a coma and died three days later, aged 78.

References

Other websites

 

1936 births
2014 deaths
Accidental deaths
Swedish businesspeople
Composers
Swedish movie directors
Swedish movie producers
Musicians from Stockholm
Writers from Stockholm
Rodney "Rod" Milgate (30 June 1934 – 23 September 2014) was an Australian painter, newsreader, actor and playwright. During the 1960s, he was a newsreader on Channel 7. He was also the Professor of the Visual Arts School of the City Art Institute at the University of New South Wales. He was given the Blake Prize for Religious Art three times. He also wrote more than ten stage plays between 1966 and 1996. He also published a novel in 1978. He also acted in his plays, and in 1960, he appeared in three television movies.

Milgate was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He married actress Dinah Shearing in 1960. They had two sons, Matthew and Adam. He was an agnostic.

Milgate died from a heart attack on 23 September 2014 at his home in northern Sydney. He was 80.

References

Other websites
 
 Rodney Milgate at AustralianPlays

1934 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Sydney
Agnostics
Australian educators
Australian movie actors
Australian painters
Australian playwrights
Australian stage actors
Australian television actors
Australian television presenters
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New South Wales
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Sydney
Writers from Sydney
Manuel María Uribe Angel (4 September 1822 – 16 June 1904) was a Colombian physician, geographer and politician. He has been called the "father of medicine of Antioquia". He was known outside the realm of medicine for his studies and works on the geography and history of Colombia.

He also served as President of the then Sovereign State of Antioquia and as Senator of Colombia.

1822 births
1904 deaths
Colombian writers
Physicians
Geographers
Civil servants
Rai Ahmad Khan Kharal (), also called Amo Kharal (1785-1857) was a Punjabi freedom-fighter and Folk hero, who fought against the British Raj in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Background
Amo Kharal was born in a rich landowning family of the Kharal Rajput Clan in the Sandal Bar region of Punjab, in Jhamara village near Tāndliānwāla Faisalabad District. As a young man he fought against the rising Sikh power led by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Ahmad Khan Kharal had very cordial(good) relations with Maharaja Ranjit singh.(reference- Saeed Ahmed Butt (2015). "Rai Ahmad Khan Kharral (Myth or Reality)" (PDF). Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society. 28 (2): 173–191. Retrieved 2020-05-07.) Later on, as an old man in his 70s, when the rebellion broke out against the British, he also raised a force to fight against them.

Struggle and death
Amo Kharal was quite successful in helping the local people and keeping them safe from British troops, keeping up a guerilla warfare against them, for some months. On 26th July 1857, Amo Kharal went with a force to attack the Gogera Jail (now in Sahiwal District) to release some of his companions arrested by the enemy, but was ambushed by them and their local allies. Amo Kharal and his assistant, Sarang, were both killed, fighting bravely.

The deeds of this brave and noble warrior are still remembered and sung by Punjabi poets in dholas and vars, types of poems.

References

1785 births
1857 deaths
Punjabi people
Folklore
History of India
 Saeed Ahmed Butt (2015). "Rai Ahmad Khan Kharral (Myth or Reality)" (PDF). Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society. 28 (2): 173–191. Retrieved 2020-05-07.
Siri Paya or Paya is a traditional dish of Pakistan and India. It is especially 
popular at various festivals and treated to special guests and get togethers. Paya means feet in Urdu and Hindi.

The main ingredients of the dish are the trotters or hooves of a cow, goat, water buffalo or lamb; cooked with various spices. It is cooked to a thick, soup-like form and eaten with special naan bread dipped into it. 

Some of the best and most famous Siri Paya in South Asia are made in the Taxali Gate 
area of Lahore city.

References

Pakistani culture
Pakistani food
Indian food
Caldwell "Pops" Jones (August 4, 1950 – September 21, 2014) was an American professional basketball player. He played as both a center and a power forward between 1973 and 1990. He first played in the American Basketball Association (ABA) from 1973 until 1976. He later played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1976 until 1990. Teams he played for in his fourteen-season career in the NBA were the Philadelphia 76ers, the Portland Trail Blazers, the Houston Rockets, the Chicago Bulls, and the San Antonio Spurs.

Jones was born in McGehee, Arkansas to an African American family. He was married to Vanessa. They had three daughters: Zori, Maya and Leah.

Jones died from a massive heart attack on September 21, 2014 while playing golf in Atlanta, Georgia. He was 64.

References

Other websites
 Caldwell Jones at Basketball-Reference

1950 births
2014 deaths
African-American basketball players
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Chicago Bulls players
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Houston Rockets players
Philadelphia 76ers players
Portland Trail Blazers players
San Antonio Spurs players
Sportspeople from Arkansas
American basketball players
The Republican Governors Association (RGA) is a Washington, D.C.-based 527 organization. It started in 1963. Its members are U.S. state and territorial Republican governors.

The RGA chairman is Governor Greg Abbott of Texas. He became chairman in November 2019 after Governor Pete Ricketts of Nebraska. The 2017 RGA Vice Chair was Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin. The rest of the Executive Committee includes Governors Kim Reynolds of Iowa, Larry Hogan of Maryland, Charlie Baker of Massachusetts, Henry McMaster of South Carolina, Kristi Noem of South Dakota, Bill Lee of Tennessee, Pete Rickets of Nebraska, Eric Holcomb of Indiana, and Doug Burgum of North Dakota.

40th President of the United States, Ronald Reagan, was once president of the RGA when he was Governor of California. 

These people have been leaders of the RGA: John Chafee, William Milliken, Winfield Dunn, Kit Bond, Arch A. Moore, Jr., Otis R. Bowen, Victor Atiyeh, Dick Thornburgh, John H. Sununu, John Ashcroft, George Voinovich, Tommy Thompson, Terry Branstad, Mike Leavitt, Jim Gilmore, Tom Ridge, Mitt Romney, Rick Perry, Sonny Perdue, Bobby Jindal, Scott Walker, Chris Christie, Haley Barbour and Susana Martinez.

The RGA is not working with the non-partisan National Governors Association.

Related pages
 Democratic Governors Association

References

United States Republican Party
1963 establishments in the United States
Political organizations based in Washington, D.C.
Assheton St George Gorton (10 July 1930 – 14 September 2014) was a British production designer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the movie The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981). He was also given a BAFTA nomination for Michelangelo Antonioni's movie Blowup (1966). He also worked on the movies Wonderwall (1968), 101 Dalmatians (1996) and 102 Dalmatians (2000).

Gorton was born in Sedbergh, West Riding of Yorkshire. He was married to Gayatri. They had three children: Sophie, Steve and Barnaby.

Gorton died after a long illness on 14 September 2014 in Church Stoke of Powys, Wales. He was 84.

References

Other websites
 

1930 births
2014 deaths
Designers
Disease-related deaths in the United Kingdom
English artists
People from Yorkshire
The Kharal are a Punjabi tribe. They are either Rajputs or Jatts. Today, they mostly live in Punjab, Pakistan.

References

Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Punjabi people
Paleoanthropology (or palaeoanthropology) combines the study of paleontology and physical anthropology. It is the study of human evolution. 

The subject is also closely connected to archaeology. The evidence of tool-making and other activities shows the subtle but important changes in thinking that early humans went through.

Related pages 
Human evolution
Palaeolithic

References 

Subfields of paleontology
Humans
Evolution
Anthropology
Physical anthropology
A timeline is a way of displaying a list of events in the order they happened (called chronological order). It may be in the form of a list or a graphic design. A graphic timeline typically shows a long bar labelled with dates and usually events. But it can be other layouts as well.

Uses of timelines
Timelines are often used in education. They help students and researchers understand the order or chronology of historical events for a subject. A timeline can be used to visualize the time between events, durations (such as lifetimes or wars), and the overlap of events.

History
Timelines are particularly useful for studying history, as they convey a sense of change over time. Wars and social movements are often shown as timelines. Timelines are also useful for biographies.

Project management
Another type of timeline is used for project management. They are important to help team members to know what milestones need to be achieved. It also shows the time schedule. An example is showing a project timeline for a Systems development life cycle of a computer system.

References 

Statistics
Diagrams
Time
Heer Ranjha is a famous sad, love story from the Punjab . Other Punjabi love stories are Mirza Sahiban, and Sohni Mahiwal.

The story is about two lovers, Heer a beautiful village girl from a rich and noble family; and Ranjha, a poor farm boy.He looked after Water buffaloes belonging to Heer's father. They both fell in love but Heer's parents were against their marriage. Heer was married by force to a rich young man. Ranjha, very saddened by this, became a hermit He later tried to meet Heer but he failed, and they both died in the end of broken hearts. 
 
This story has been written by different writers, at different times. The best and most famous is Heer by the poet Waris Shah written in 1761. Some films in Punjabi language and Urdu have also been made about this story. 

The story is still very popular today. Many young girls and boys who fall in love have to face the same problems Some people believe that there were two real young lovers called Heer and Ranjha, long ago. They say that they died and were buried together in a tomb near Jhang, in Punjab. But there is no real proof this was so.  But All these are known to be myth .

References

Folklore
Pakistani culture
Punjabi people
Heer is a general term for army in the German and some other languages of German origin. In date order:

Armies
 Army of the Holy Roman Empire, or Reichsheer (1422-1806)
 Bundesheer or German Federal Army, the Army of the German Confederation (1815-1866)
 German Army (German Empire), or Deutsches Heer (1871-1919), for Army of the German Empire
 Reichswehr, or Reichsheer (1919-35), for the interwar Army of the Weimar Republic
 Wehrmacht (1935-46) for the Second World War Army of Nazi Germany
 German Army, or Deutsches Heer (1955-present), for the Cold War Army of West Germany and the current Army of Germany

Other Germanic peoples
 Österreichisches Bundesheer (1920-present), the current Military of Austria
 Heer, the current ground component of the Military of Switzerland

People
 Oswald Heer, a botanist and naturalist with the standard botanical author abbreviation Heer.
 Kamal Heer, a Punjabi singer and musician.
 Manmohan Waris ("Manmohan Heer"), a legendary Punjabi singer and musician.
 Sangtar ("Sangtar Heer"), a Punjabi composer and musician.

Other meanings
 Heer, Netherlands, an area in the municipality of Maastricht, Limburg
 Heer (film), a 1956 Bollywood film
 Heer (instrumental), an instrumental by Pakistani band Junoon
 Heer Ranjha, classical Punjabi folk story
Michael "Mike" Harari (February 18, 1927 – September 21, 2014) was an Israeli intelligence officer in the Mossad.  He was involved in several operations. He was part of the failed Lillehammer affair and the rescue of hostages at Entebbe. 

Harari died at his home on September 21, 2014 at the age of 87.

References

1927 births
2014 deaths
Israeli Jews
Israeli military people
Jewish military people
People from Tel Aviv
People of the Mossad
Henryk Glücklich (22 January 1945 – 23 September 2014) was a Polish speedway racer. He was an international motorcycle speedway rider. He appeared in the Speedway World Championship finals three times, finishing fifth in 1970. He also rode in five World Team Cup finals. Glücklich was born in Rybnik, Poland.

Glücklich died in Berlin, Germany, aged 69.

References

1945 births
2014 deaths
Polish sportspeople
Speedway riders
Christopher Jarvis Haley Hogwood CBE (10 September 194124 September 2014) was an English conductor, harpsichordist, writer, and musicologist. He was the founder of the Academy of Ancient Music. Hogwood was born in Nottingham, England.

Hogwood died in Cambridge, England on 24 September 2014, aged 73.

References

Other websites
Christopher Hogwood's website 
Edition HH Limited
Christopher Hogwood interview recorded by Doug Ordunio for usage aboard United Airlines (ca.2000)
  Juror for 2011 Westfield Center Fortepiano Competition

1941 births
2014 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Conductors
English LGBT people
English writers
Entertainers from Nottingham
Gay men
LGBT musicians
Musicians from Nottinghamshire
Yasiel Puig Valdés born December 7, 1990) is a Cuban professional baseball player.  Puig plays for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Puig plays the position outfielder.

Puig played for the Cuban national baseball team in the 2008 World Junior Baseball Championship.  His team won a bronze medal. In 2012, he left Cuba and signed a contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers.

References

Other websites
http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article1963115.html - From Cuba to the majors: Yasiel Puig’s harrowing story

1990 births
Living people
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Cuban sportspeople
Matthew Ryan "Matt" Kemp (born September 23, 1984) is an American professional baseball player.  He plays for the Atlanta Braves. He plays the position of outfielder. He has previously played for the Los Angeles Dodgers and the San Diego Padres. His career began in 2006.

Kemp was drafted by the Dodgers in the sixth round of the 2003 draft.  He went to the major leagues after four years in the minor leagues.

He did not become a full-time player until 2008.  He became the everyday starting center fielder.  He has been named to two All-Star teams. He has won two Gold Glove Awards. He has won two Silver Slugger Awards.

References

Other websites
Official Site - Matt Kemp official site
 

1984 births
Living people
African-American baseball players
Atlanta Braves players
Los Angeles Dodgers players
San Diego Padres players
Cavalera Conspiracy is an American death metal band formed in 2007.

Discography
Studio albums
 Inflikted (2008)
 Blunt Force Trauma (2011)
 Pendemonium (2014)

2007 establishments in the United States
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
Metalcore bands
Musical groups established in 2007
Musical groups from Arizona
Phoenix, Arizona
2000s establishments in Arizona
Greg Mackey (20 October 1961 – 24 September 2014) was an Australian professional rugby league player from 1980 until 1996. He played as a five-eighth, fullback, winger and centre. He also captained some of his teams. He played for the South Sydney Rabbitohs, Paris Châtillon XIII, the Illawarra Steelers, the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, the Warrington Wolves and Hull.

Mackey was born in New South Wales. He was married to Amanda. They had three children: two sons, Kane and Tom, and a daughter, Ebony. In December 2011, he was told that he had bowel cancer.

Mackey died from a heart attack on 24 September 2014 in Sydney, New South Wales. He was 52.

References

Other websites
 Greg Mackey at the Rugby League Project

1961 births
2014 deaths
Australian rugby league players
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Australia
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in New South Wales
Sportspeople from New South Wales
Cecilia Cenci (3 August 1942 – 21 September 2014) was an Argentine actress. She was best known her roles in the movies Piedra libre (1976) and Contragolpe (1979).

Cenci was born in La Plata, Buenos Aires Province. She was of Italian ancestry.

Cenci died from brain cancer on 21 September 2014 at the Fundación Favaloro in Buenos Aires. She was 72.

References

Other websites
 

1942 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Disease-related deaths in Argentina
Argentine movie actors
People from Buenos Aires
Argentine stage actors
Argentine television actors
Erik van der Wurff (9 July 1945 – 22 September 2014) was a Dutch pianist, composer, arranger, producer and conductor. He worked on mostly the soundtracks and as a composer for many movies and television shows. He was mainly worked between 1977 and 2003. He also made acting appearances in two Dutch television shows in 1977 and 1980.

Life
Van der Wurff was born in De Bilt, Utrecht. In 2009, he was given the Order of the Netherlands Lion.

Van der Wurff died from cancer on 22 September 2014 in Soest, near Amersfoort, Utrecht, aged 69.

References

Other websites

 

1945 births
2014 deaths
20th-century Dutch composers
21st-century Dutch composers
Cancer deaths in the Netherlands
Dutch conductors
Movie score composers
People from Utrecht (province)
Dutch pianists
Record producers
Deborah Vivien Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire  (née Deborah Freeman-Mitford; 31 March 1920 – 24 September 2014) was a British writer and aristocrat. He was the youngest and last living member of the six Mitford sisters. The sisters were a figure of political connections and promiscuity were a famous feature of English culture in the 1930s and 1940s.

Cavendish was born at Asthall Manor in Asthall, Oxfordshire. She had five sisters and a brother. She was married to Andrew Cavendish from 1941 until his death in 2004. They had seven children, three of which died at a very young age.

Cavendish died from natural causes on 24 September 2014 at Edensor House in Edensor, Derbyshire. She was 94.

References

Other websites
 Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire  at PBS

1920 births
2014 deaths
Commanders of the Royal Victorian Order
Deaths from natural causes
English autobiographers
English royalty
Writers from Oxfordshire
Abubakar Shekau (; 1969 or 1975 – 20 May 2021), also known by his alias Darul Tawheed, was a Nigerian Islamist terrorist. He is the leader of the Nigerian militant group Boko Haram, whose insurgency began in 2009. He served as deputy leader to the group's founder, Mohammed Yusuf, until Yusuf was killed in 2009. Shekau then became the leader of the group.

Shekau was born in Yobe State, Nigeria and is a Kanuri. He speaks Hausa, Arabic, and English. He has four wives. He has been reported dead several times during the early 21st century.

The Wall Street Journal reported that Shekau killed himself by suicide vest on 20 May 2021 to avoid being captured. Nigerian officials confirmed his suicide.

References

20th-century births
Murderers who committed suicide
Muslim terrorists
Nigerian people
Suicide bombings in Africa
Suicide in 2021
Peter's Friends is a 1992 comedy-drama movie. It is about old friends gathering at a New Year's party. Emma Thompson plays Maggie Chester. Imelda Staunton plays Mary. Rita Rudner plays Carol.

This movie was released on September 18, 1992. It got positive reviews from the critics.

1992 romance movies
1992 comedy movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
British romantic comedy movies
A mountain man was an explorer, trailblazer, and animal trapper in western North America. They thrived between 1810 and 1880. They were well known throughout the Rocky Mountains region. Famous mountain men include Jim Bridger, Kit Carson, and Jedediah Smith. By the mid 1800s the fur trade was no longer profitable. Furs were no longer popular in European fashion. Many of the mountain men settled into jobs as Army Scouts, wagon train guides and settlers through the lands which they had helped open up. Others, like William Sublette, opened up fort-trading posts along the Oregon Trail for the remaining fur traders and settlers heading west.

References 

North American people
Occupations
Explorers
The American Shorthair is a breed of cat. This breed was first used as ship's cats that sailed from Europe to North America with early settlers. They kept the ships free of mice and rats and protected the food and cargo. Even the Mayflower carried several cats to hunt the ship’s rats, in 1620. The cats who were still alive after landing in the New World had kittens. Over time, the breed changed so the cats could survive better in their new land and climate.

Appearance 
The American Shorthair is a working cat.  It has a large and strong body.  It is usually healthy, calm and loving with its owners.  This cat is friendly and not shy with strangers. Males weigh eleven to fifteen pounds. Females weigh eight to twelve pounds.  It takes three or four years for them to become adult cats.  With a good diet and good care, they can live 15 years or longer.

The American Shorthair comes in more than eighty different colors and patterns. These include a brown-patched tabby, a blue-eyed white, shaded silvers, smokes and calicos. Some even come in deep shades of black or brown. Only hybrid cats that are chocolate, sable, lavender, lilac, or a Siamese pattern are not allowed in cat shows.

Behavior 
American Shorthairs are intelligent cats who are interested in what is happening around them. They will watch outdoor birds, other animals and other activity from an inside window perch. These cats are calm but playful. Some enjoy sitting in laps. They get along with children, so they make good family pets. American Shorthairs are social cats, but still like to have their own way. They use their hunting skills to catch insects or pests that come into the house.

History 
In the early 20th century, a breeding program was started to develop the best qualities of these cats who came from Europe. Before, there had not been a lot of mixed breeds that had the American Shorthair background. 

The American Shorthair cat now has standards set by cat fanciers of the breed. The breed is accepted by all North American cat registries. In 1966, the breed was given the name "American Shorthair". This was to separate the pure breed cat from the many mixed domestic short-haired cats that live all over North America.  All these short haired cats are called "working cats" because they were used to catch rodents on ships and farms.

References

Other websites 
 

Cat breeds
Jesse Washington was lynched in Waco, Texas, on May 15, 1916. Washington was a teenage African American who worked on a farm. The event became a well-known example of racially motivated lynching. Washington was accused of raping and killing Lucy Fryer. Fryer was the wife of Washington's white boss in rural Robinson, Texas. No one saw Washington commit the crime. During his interrogation by the McLennan County sheriff, he signed a confession and described the location of the weapon used to kill Fryer.

Washington was tried for murder in Waco. There were angry locals in the courtroom. Washington pleaded guilty and was quickly sentenced to death. Washington was dragged out of the court by observers and lynched in front of Waco's city hall. Over 10,000 people, including city officials and police, gathered to watch the attack. People enjoyed the attack, many children attended the event. Members of the mob removed his testicles, cut off his fingers, and hung him over a bonfire. Washington was lowered and raised over the fire for about two hours. The fire was extinguished and his burnt torso was dragged through the town. Parts of his body were sold as souvenirs. Pictures of the event were taken by a professional photographer. This provided rare pictures of a lynching while the event was going on. These pictures were printed and sold as postcards in Waco.

Lynching was supported by many Waco residents. It was, however, not supported by newspapers around the United States. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) hired Elisabeth Freeman to investigate. Freeman gathered many details, despite that many residents did not want to talk about what had happened. After receiving Freeman's report, NAACP co-founder and editor W. E. B. Du Bois published an in-depth report featuring photographs of Washington's burnt body in The Crisis. The NAACP also featured his death in their anti-lynching campaign. Waco was known as a modern and a progressive city. However, the lynching demonstrated that the city did not mind racial violence. The event was nicknamed the "Waco horror". The city then gained a reputation for racism. City leaders tried to stop violence several times in the following decades.

Historians believe that Washington's death helped change the way people view lynching. The media attention the event received made people become against lynching. It was seen as "barbarism" (ruthless) rather than as an acceptable form of justice. In the 1990s and 2000s, some Waco residents wanted a monument for the event. The idea did not gain support in the city.

References

Other websites 
The New York Times
The Washington Post
Modernist Journals Project
 ()
Goodwyn, Wade. "Waco Recalls a 90-Year-Old 'Horror'." National Public Radio. May 13, 2006. (Transcript of radio story)

1916 in the United States
Executed American people
1910s in Texas
Murder in Texas
Murdered African-American people
Rape
Waco, Texas
Lynching
The Kanjar are a nomadic tribe or group of people of North India, Kashmir and Pakistan. The Mirasi tribes are also probably related to them. These people are also sometimes called by the names of Nath, Banchra and Gashtay.

In old times, most of the Kanjar people used to live in jungles or forests. They used to hunt wild animals to eat and also keep some goats, cows and Water buffaloes for their meat and milk. Many of them still live like nomads, moving from place to place but some have started to live in towns and cities. Some of them are Hindu and Sikhs and some are Muslims. They are mostly very poor people  The subcastes of kashmir which are also known as (Kanjal) live in Central Kashmir.
Althouh they belong to poor category of people, but they still a diginified life in kashmir, their anceators used to make goods made up of wood.
Eventhough, this is caste is not that prominent in kashmir but they  have a sizeable population presence.These people are usually a considered (Naangars), which means they were not among the (Zamindars) means landlord class.

References

Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Ethnic groups in India
Dr Fouzia Saeed (born 1959) is a Pakistani social activist. She is from Lahore, Punjab, in Pakistan. She helps poor women and has written some books about some of these women.

References

1959 births
Living people
Pakistani people
Punjabi people 
Pakistani writers
Jorge Luis Batlle Ibáñez (; Batlle; 25 October 1927 – 24 October 2016) was an Uruguayan politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Colorado Party. He served as the President of Uruguay from 2000 to 2005. He was thought to be one of the most popular presidents of Uruguay.

Ibáñez died on the night of 24 October 2016 at a hospital in Montevideo, Uruguay from a cerebral hemorrhage after falling during an interview. He died one day short from his 89th birthday.

References

Other websites

1927 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Presidents of Uruguay
People from Montevideo
Ulrick Chérubin (December 24, 1943 — September 25, 2014) was a Canadian politician. He was mayor of Amos, Quebec from 2002 until his death in 2014. He was one of the first Black Canadians to be elected a mayor in Quebec. Chérubin was born in Jacmel, Haiti.

Chérubin died in Amos, Quebec, Canada, aged 70.

References

Other websites
 Official Mayoral webpage  

1943 births
2014 deaths
Mayors
Haitian people
Politicians from Quebec
Anarkali Bazaar or Anarkali Market is an old style market in Lahore, Pakistan.

The name and origins
The word 'Anarkali' means 'Pomegranate Blossom'. According to a legend, this was the name of a beautiful dancing-girl. She fell in love with the Mughal prince Selim (who later became the Emperor Jahangir). But the prince's father, the old Emperor Akbar, did not like the girl. So he had the girl arrested and punished. She died and was buried near a bazaar or market. Later, when prince Selim became Emperor he named the bazaar after her. Today, there is an old tomb near there. Jahangir built it in 1615. People say this is the tomb of the real Anarkali, but no one is certain. Another famous tomb near Anarkali Bazaar is Sultan Qutb-ud-din Aibak's tomb

The bazaar today
Today, the Anarkali Bazaar is one of the best shopping areas in all of South Asia. Women love to go there because it has excellent clothes, shoes and jewelry shops. There are some nice places to eat there, too. It is open most days from 9 in the morning to 11 at night. There are always many lights and music playing there. There is also a lot of traffic.

References

Buildings and structures in Lahore
The Hazara University is a public university located in Dhodial town, Mansehra District, Hazara Division, Pakistan. The University has three main faculties: Science, Arts and Humanities and Health Sciences. It offers BA, MA, MPhil and PhD study  programs.

The university was founded in 2002; It started work with very few resources and one small building for studies and a small administration block.

In the beginning, the university had many problems and until 2004 or 2005 mostly boys joined it to study, very few women were allowed by their families to go there. This was because it was in a very conservative area where women were not encouraged to study. Slowly, more and more women started to join this university to get higher education. Today, there are almost around 3000 women studying here and they have changed the attitudes of local people a lot.

References

Colleges and universities in Pakistan
Education in Pakistan
Taxila is an ancient town in Punjab, Taxila Tehsil,  Pakistan. At one time, it was also part of the Indo-Greek Kingdom. 

It is famous today because of a museum of Buddhist antiques nearby. There are also some old ruins of the Gandhara Buddhist civilization there. Another famous place near this town is the Nicholson Memorial a monument in memory of a British officer John Nicholson.

Towns in Pakistan
Karl Fergus Connor Miller  (2 August 1931 – 24 September 2014) was a British literary editor, critic and writer. He was a founding editor of the London Review of Books from 1979 until 1992. Before this, he was an editor of The Listener magazine from 1963 until 1973. He later reviewed works by writers such as J. G. Ballard, Robert Burns, Graham Greene, Ted Hughes and Ian McEwan for The Times Literary Supplement.

Miller was born in the small town of Straiton, Loanhead in Midlothian to the south of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. He studied in both Edinburgh and at Downing College of the University of Cambridge. He was married to Jane Collet. They had three children: two sons, Daniel and Sam, and a daughter, Georgia.

Miller died on 24 September 2014 at his home in North London, aged 83.

References

Other websites
 Karl Miller  at Faber and Faber

1931 births
2014 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Biographers
British academics
British educators
British essayists
British journalists
Critics
Scottish writers
John "Jack" Laviolette (July 17, 1879 – January 9, 1960) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and winger. Laviolette played 9 seasons with the Montreal Canadiens hockey club. During his time with them, he became their first captain, coach, and general manager. He won the Stanley Cup with the Canadiens in 1916.

He was born in Belleville, Ontario but grew up in Valleyfield, Quebec. When the National Hockey Association (NHA) formed in December 1909, (which was replaced 7 years later by the NHL), team/league owner Ambrose O'Brien asked Laviolette to put together a team made up of French Canadian players and play as the "Les Canadiens" franchise in Montreal. Laviolette was able to complete the task in time for the NHA's first season. Some of the first players that were signed to the team were future hall of famers Newsy Lalonde, Didier Pitre and Georges Vezina. The team that he had put together would go on to become the most successful franchise in professional hockey. In 1918, Laviolette lost his right foot in an automobile accident. The accident would end his playing career. There was a benefit game that was held for Laviolette at the Mount Royal Arena in 1921, which Laviolette was the guest of honour and also refereed.

In 1960, he was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame as a lacrosse player and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1962.

References

Other websites

1879 births
1960 deaths
Canadian ice hockey coaches
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Montreal Canadiens players
Stanley Cup champions
Montreal Canadiens (NHA) players
The Alexander Mosaic is a Roman floor mosaic from the House of the Faun in Pompeii. It was made in 100 BC. It shows a battle between the armies of Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia. It measures 2.72 x 5.13m (8 ft 11in x 16 ft 9in). The original is at the Naples National Archaeological Museum. The mosaic is based on a 3rd-century BC Hellenistic painting, by Philoxenos of Eretria.

The mosaic shows the Battle of Issus, between Alexander and Darius. Alexander won the Battle of Issus.  Alexander won again two years later at the Battle of Gaugamela.

Alexander and Darius

The two main figures are easy to see. Darius has a worried expression on his face. The Persian soldiers have a stern look.

Modern history
The mosaic was found again on October 24, 1831 in Pompeii. It was moved to Naples in September 1843. It is in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale.

Modern copy

In 2003 the International Center for the Study and Teaching of Mosaic (CISIM) in Ravenna, Italy, wanted to make a copy of the mosaic. The mosaic master Severo Bignami and his eight-person team took a large photograph of the mosaic. It took them 22 months to make a copy of the mosaic. The copy was put in the House of the Faun in 2005.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Reconstructed and completed Alexander mosaic.

Art
Archaeology
TMZ is an American celebrity news website. It launched on November 8, 2005. The managing editor is Harvey Levin. The name TMZ stands for thirty-mile zone after the historic "studio zone" at the intersection of West Beverly Boulevard and North La Cienega Boulevard in Los Angeles, California.

The infotainment website was made as a project with AOL and Warner Bros., but is now solely owned by Fox Corporation after WarnerMedia sold TMZ in September 13, 2021. TMZ claims that pay for stories and/or interviews. However, Levin said that TMZ does "sometimes pay sources for leads on stories".

A syndicated television show, TMZ on TV, launched on September 10, 2007.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 

2005 establishments in the United States
Entertainment websites
Time Warner subsidiaries
The Glock pistol is a series of polymer-framed semi-automatic pistols. They are designed and produced by Glock Ges.m.b.H. in Deutsch-Wagram, Austria. It entered Austrian Armed Forces and police service by 1982. Different models use different ammunition.

There was resistance from the market to accept a "plastic gun", but this was overcome. Glock pistols have become the company's most profitable line of products, with 65% of the market share of handguns for United States law enforcement agencies.They also supply many national armed forces and security agencies around the world. Glocks are also popular firearms amongst civilians in the U.S, for recreational and competition shooting, and for home or self defense.

References

Pistols
Marc Labelle (born December 20, 1969) was an NHL hockey player for the Dallas Stars. He played from 1996-1997. He also played for the El Paso Buzzards in the WPHL league. He was born in Maniwaki, Canada and is 44 years old. He shoots left handed. He went undrafted and signed by the Montreal Canadiens in 1991. He wore number 27 jersey for the Dallas Stars.

References

Other websites

1969 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Colonial Hockey League players
Dallas Stars players
ECHL players
Hull Olympiques players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Living people
Victoriaville Tigres players
Enemy at the Gates is a 2001 American-French war drama movie with Jude Law and Ed Harris starring. Joseph Fiennes is also in the film.

References

Other websites
 Enemy at the Gates on IMDb

2001 drama movies
2000s war movies
American drama movies
American war movies
English-language movies
French drama movies

German drama movies
British drama movies
Irish movies
Movies set in the 1940s
Movies set in Russia
Volgograd
World War II movies
Movies directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud
Shirail Muslimov (March 26, 1805-September 2, 1973) claimed to be the oldest person who ever lived. He died at the alleged age of 168. This was 46 years older than Jeanne Calment, a French supercentenarian. She has been confirmed as being the oldest person who ever lived. Muslimov got pneumonia in 1972 and died in 1973. As the only evidence of his age Muslimov had a passport issued in 1939. It showed him to have been born in the village of Barzavu in 1805. He claims to have five generations of descendants.

Life
According to legend, Muslimov worked hard every day, up to 167 years. He did not smoke or drink. He ate fruits, vegetables, wholemeal bread, chicken broth, cheese and yogurt. He had several wives through his lifetime. Muslimov became ill with pneumonia between 1972 and 1973, but survived only to die later in 1973. Muslimov's story was picked up in 1973 by National Geographic Magazine. The article told that on the occasion he still rode horses and tended an orchard planted in the 1870s. National Geographic later recanted on the claim. The same story was told by the Guinness Book of World Records, stated as unconfirmed along with other similar claims. According to National Geographic, he had an 120-year-old wife whom he had married 102 years earlier. However according to his obituary, published by Time magazine, he was survived by his 107-year-old third wife.

Fame

The case of Muslimov became known in 1963. This is when a young photojournalist of TASS, Kalman Kaspiev, went to Barzavu to interview the centenarian. The story was picked up by the Soviet press, by the National Geographic, and by the Dannon company, which for promotional reasons suggested that the long life of Muslimov was linked to a diet of yogurt. 

Some Gerontologists doubt his and other similar claims of extreme old age that come from this area. Analysis of Soviet census records show the lifespan in this area is no more than the expected 115 years for all other populations. Muslimov is one of several men to claim extreme longevity. There are twice as many super-long-lived men as women in this area. This is the opposite of all other populations where women usually outlive men. While there are no accurate records to prove his age, his story captured public attention.

References

Other websites 
A lesson in longevity
New York Times obituary (bottom of page)
"Azerbaijan's Legendary Centenarian", a 1996 article detailing the story behind Muslimov's claims of incredible longevity

1805 births
1973 deaths
Conker: Live and Reloaded (originally known as Conker: Live and Uncut, but it was actually more censored) is a platform game on the original Xbox. The game is a remake of the N64 game Conker's Bad Fur Day. 

The game has much better graphics, thanks to the Xbox's superior hardware. It has new enemies. It has a few changes in design. It has an improved multiplayer mode which supports System Link as well as Local Play and Solo with bots. It also supported Xbox Live before the original Xbox lost support for Xbox Live. 

The game does not have some profanity that was in the original game.

2005 video games
Xbox games
Xbox-only games
Video game remakes
True Lies is a 1994 action movie. The movie is about a computer salesman who does covert missions for the United States government. Arnold Schwarzenegger plays Harry. Jamie Lee Curtis plays Helen. Tom Arnold plays Albert. Eliza Dushku plays Dana.

This movie got positive reviews from the critics. It made a lot of money. True Lies was the first movie made with a budget of over $100 million dollars.

Release Dates

References

Other websites 

 

1994 action movies
1994 movies
20th Century Fox movies
American action movies
Movies about terrorism