cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Diet of Worms was a council of the Holy Roman Empire in the city of Worms. The council was held because of Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation. It lasted for five months in early 1521. The Emperor, Charles V led the council. Other councils (called Imperial Diets) were held in Worms in the years 829, 926, 1076, 1122, 1495, and 1545, but the most important Diet of Worms was in 1521.

Background 
In June 1520, Pope Leo X wrote the Papal bull Exsurge Domine ("Arise, O Lord"), in which he talked about 41 problems he saw in Martin Luther's Ninety-five Theses and his other works. Because of this, the Holy Roman Emperor told Martin Luther to come to the diet. He promised that he would give Luther safe passage to and from it. The Diet started on 23 January 1521. Martin Luther was told that he had to either take back what he had said or defend it.

Events of the Diet 
Most of the important things in the Diet happened between 16-18 April. On 16 April, Martin Luther got to the city of Worms. He was told to come to the Diet at 4 p.m. on the 17th, and given a lawyer. After a day of arguing about his works, he was told that he was acting like a heretic. On the 18th of April, he went home. But Frederick III, Elector of Saxony thought that someone might kill him, so he faked a highway ambush and used this as a reason to hide Luther in one of his castles.

The Edict of Worms 
By 23 May 1521, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Spain (Castile and Aragon), King of Germany, King of Italy, Lord of the Netherlands, and Titular Duke of Burgundy had had enough of all of this Martin Luther business, so he wrote:

For this reason we forbid anyone from this time forward to dare, either by words or by deeds, to receive, defend, sustain, or favour the said Martin Luther. On the contrary, we want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic, as he deserves, to be brought personally before us, or to be securely guarded until those who have captured him inform us, whereupon we will order the appropriate manner of proceeding against the said Luther. Those who will help in his capture will be rewarded generously for their good work.

In Simple English: Because of this, we are not going to let anyone after this help Martin Luther or keep him safe or defend him or his ideas or agree with him. Instead, we want him to be arrested and punished as a very bad person who does not have the same religious beliefs as we do (he deserves this) and to be taken to us or to be guarded until the people who arrest him tell us and when they tell us we will have a trial against him. Anyone who arrests him will be given several good things for their good work.

After that, he ended the Diet of Worms.

However, because Luther was hidden in Wartburg Castle, nothing ever happened to him.

References

Holy Roman Empire
Lutheranism
Martin Luther
Protestant Reformation
Protestantism in Germany
History of Germany
Rhineland-Palatinate
Worms, Germany
Todd Howard (born ) is an American video game designer. He has been a designer, producer, and game director for games. The most well known of these are the Fallout and The Elder Scrolls series with Bethesda Game Studios.

Works

Living people
Video game designers
People from Pennsylvania
2039 (MMXXXIX) will be .

Predicted and scheduled events
 January 1 – Books, movies, and other works published in 1943 will enter the public domain in the United States.
September 1 – 100 years since the start of WWII (Invasion of Poland)
 September 2 – The Destroyers for Bases Agreement's 99-year rent-free leases to the United States by the United Kingdom will expire.
 September 17 - Global Superstar and Record Breaker, BTS, will open a time capsule in a purple box that they gave to South Korea's President Moon for the youth which will open on the 20th National Youth day, i.e. September 17, 2039.

2039
Years in the future
Sergei Karimov (German:Sergej Karimow, Russian: Сергей Каримов) (21 December 1986 – 24 December 2019) was a Kazakh footballer. He last played for Lupo Martini Wolfsburg. In 2010, he played for the Kazakhstan national football team.

References

1986 births
2019 deaths
Kazakhstani sportspeople
Footballers
Dario Antoniozzi (11 December 1923 – 25 December 2019) was an Italian Christian Democrat politician. He was in the Chamber of Deputies of Italy (1953–1983). He worked in the Government of Italy in the cabinet of Prime Minister of Italy Giulio Andreotti (1976–1979). He was a recipient of the Italian Order of Merit for Culture and Art. He was in the European Parliament from 1979 to 1989.

References

Other websites

1923 births
2019 deaths
MEPs for Italy
Former MEPs
Graham Tillett Allison Jr. (born March 23, 1940) is an American political scientist and educator. He is a professor at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. 

His book Remaking Foreign Policy: The Organizational Connection was published in 1976. He had some influence on the foreign policy of the administration of President Jimmy Carter who took office in early 1977. 

Since the 1970s, Allison has also been a leading analyst of U.S. national security and defense policy, with a special interest in nuclear weapons and terrorism.

References

Other websites
Appearances on C-SPAN
Graham Allison's post at HuffPo
Graham Allison's Official Harvard Bio 

1940 births
Living people
American political scientists
Educators from Charlotte, North Carolina
American political writers
American political commentators
American critics
Writers from Charlotte, North Carolina
Robert David Putnam (born January 9, 1941) is an American political scientist. 

He is the Peter and Isabel Malkin Professor of Public Policy at the Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government. Putnam developed the two-level game theory that says international agreements will only be successfully if they also have domestic benefits.

Notes

References

1941 births
Living people
American political scientists
American political writers
Writers from New York
Writers from Ohio
People from Rochester, New York
James Howard Bryant (born June 2, 1929) is an American singer, arranger and composer. He is most well known for being the singing voice of Tony (played onscreen by Richard Beymer) in the 1961 movie musical West Side Story.  

He also sang for James Fox in the 1967 musical Thoroughly Modern Millie and sang in "The Telephone Hour" number in Bye Bye Birdie. He also sang in the group that performed the theme song of the TV series Batman.

Bryant was born in Birmingham, Alabama.

References

Other websites
 

1929 births
Living people
American composers
Writers from Birmingham, Alabama
Singers from Birmingham, Alabama
Arthur Laurents (July 14, 1917 – May 5, 2011) was an American playwright, stage director and screenwriter.

His best known works were West Side Story (1957), Gypsy (1959), and Hallelujah, Baby! (1967), and directing some of his own shows and other Broadway productions.

His early movie scripts include Rope (1948) for Alfred Hitchcock, followed by Anastasia (1956), Bonjour Tristesse (1958), The Way We Were (1973), and The Turning Point (1977).

References

Other websites
Arthur Laurents at the Internet Off-Broadway Database

Tony Award winners
Drama Desk Award winners
1917 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in New York City
American playwrights
American novelists
American military personnel of World War II
American autobiographers
LGBT writers
Gay men
LGBT people from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Quogue () is an incorporated village in Suffolk County, New York, United States, in the Town of Southampton, near Long Island. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 967.

References

Villages in New York
Phillip Gene "Phil" Ruffin (born March 14, 1935) is an American businessman. He owns the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas. He is also a business partner of Donald Trump, with whom he co-owns the Trump International Hotel in Las Vegas. 

On the Forbes 2018 list of the world's billionaires, he was ranked No. 877 with a net worth of US $2.7 billion.

References

Other websites
 Harper Trucks official web site
 

1936 births
Living people
American billionaires
Businesspeople from Texas
People from Amarillo, Texas
Businesspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
Aureus (plural: aurei) was a type of gold coin in ancient Rome. It had the same value as 25 denarii silver coins. An aureus was the same size as a denarius, but it weighed more because gold is more dense.

The aureus coin was first used in 1st century BC. It stopped being used in the 4th century AD. It was replaced by the solidus.

Former currencies
Former currencies of Europe
Ancient Rome
Gerald Sheldon Herman (July 10, 1931 – December 26, 2019) was an American composer and lyricist. He was known for his work in Broadway musical theater.  He composed the scores for the hit Broadway musicals Hello, Dolly!, Mame, and La Cage aux Folles.

He was nominated for the Tony Award five times, and won twice, for Hello, Dolly! and La Cage aux Folles. He won a Grammy Award in 1965. In 2009, Herman received the Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre. He was a recipient of the 2010 Kennedy Center Honors.

Herman, who was openly gay, was diagnosed HIV-positive in 1985.

Herman died on December 26, 2019 at a hospital in Miami, Florida from lung disease at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
Jerry Herman Official Web Site.
University of Miami's Jerry Herman Ring Theatre Official Web Site

Jerry Herman - Downstage Center audio interview at American Theatre Wing.
TonyAwards.com Interview with Jerry Herman
Jerry Herman podcast series by Sony BMG Masterworks
Jerry Herman Gathers His Girls for a Swinging Broadway Bash People Weekly, April 21, 1986
Ken Bloom collection of Jerry Herman memorabilia, 1955-2000, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

Tony Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Drama Desk Award winners
Kennedy Center honorees
1931 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from lung disease
Disease-related deaths in Florida
People with HIV/AIDS
American composers
American songwriters
Jewish American writers
Jewish American musicians
American autobiographers
American pianists
LGBT musicians
Gay Jews
LGBT composers
LGBT songwriters
People from Jersey City, New Jersey
LGBT people from New York City
LGBT people from New Jersey
LGBT people from Florida
Writers from Miami, Florida
Writers from New York City
Writers from New Jersey
Musicians from New Jersey
Musicians from Miami, Florida
Musicians from New York City
Adam Patrick DeVine (born November 7, 1983) is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer, and singer. He is one of the stars and co-creators of the Comedy Central series Workaholics.

He plays the role of Bumper in the musical movies Pitch Perfect and Pitch Perfect 2 and Andy in the sitcom Modern Family and Adam Demamp in the sitcom Workaholics. 

His other roles include Neighbors, The Intern, The Final Girls, Mike and Dave Need Wedding Dates, Game Over, Man! and When We First Met. 

He has voiced characters in movies including Ice Age: Collision Course and The Lego Batman Movie. 

DeVine has voiced characters on animated series Uncle Grandpa, Penn Zero: Part-Time Hero, Vampirina, and Green Eggs and Ham.

References

Other websites
 

1983 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television producers
American television writers
American screenwriters
Writers from Iowa
Actors from Iowa
Singers from Iowa
People from Waterloo, Iowa
Sachse is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.

Cities in Collin County, Texas
Settlements in Dallas County, Texas
Mirasi refers to a caste of people living in North India, Pakistan especially punjab area who earn their living by singing, dancing, entertaining as jokers. These people are considerd inferior caste in social system.

Punjabi people
Dearborn County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 50,047 people lived there. The county seat and largest city is Lawrenceburg.

References 

1800s establishments in Indiana Territory
1803 establishments in the United States
Indiana counties
Ball is a suburb of Alexandria. It is in Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

Towns in Louisiana
Decatur County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 25,740 people lived there. The county seat is Greensburg.

References 

1822 establishments in Indiana
Indiana counties
Shaheed is the translation of Martyr in English to Punjabi. Shaheed is given to the name of martyrs in Sikh history e.g Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Ji, Shaheed Baba Jujhar Singh Ji, Shaheed Baba Zorawar Singh Ji, Baba Fateh Singh Ji etc. In Sikh history using the word Shaheed is commonly used for sacrifice for a good cause similar to martyr for example the 9th Guru, Guru Tahegbahadur Ji gave his head for the Kashmiri Pundits after the Islam rulers forced the Pundits to convert to Islam. So Sikhs often notice this and call him Shaheed too. Shaheed can also be Shaheedi in correlation to Shaheedi Gurpurab (Gurpurab is like anniversary but more honoured.)

Arabic words and phrases
Tim Cain is an American video game designer. He designed the game Fallout, which came out in 1997. In 2009 he was chosen by IGN as one of the top 100 game creators of all time.

Works

References

Living people
Video game designers
American LGBT people
"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" short story by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. It was published in 1973. The story happens in a utopian city called Omelas. The city can only be wealthy and happy as long as a single child suffers. "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" was nominated for the Locus Award for Best Short Fiction in 1974 and won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story in 1974.

References

Notes
 
 
 
 

Short stories
Science fiction
The Wind's Twelve Quarters is a collection of short stories by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. The title is from A. E. Housman's A Shropshire Lad Harper & Row published the book in 1975. Le Guin called it a look back at her start as a writer. The book has 17 stories that had already been published. Four of the stories were the first ideas for novels she wrote later: "The Word of Unbinding" and "The Rule of Names" was the beginning of Earthsea. "Semley's Necklace" was first titles "Dowry of the Angyar" in 1964. Then it was the start of the novel Rocannon's World in 1966; "Winter's King" is about people living on the planet Winter, as is Le Guin's later novel The Left Hand of Darkness. Most of the other stories are also connected to Le Guin's novels.  The story "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" won the Hugo Award in 1974. "The Day Before the Revolution" won the Locus and Nebula Awards in 1975.

Contents
Foreword
"Semley's Necklace"
"April in Paris"
"The Masters"
"Darkness Box"
"The Word of Unbinding"
"The Rule of Names"
"Winter's King"
"The Good Trip"
"Nine Lives"
"Things"
"A Trip to the Head"
"Vaster than Empires and More Slow"
"The Stars Below"
"The Field of Vision"
"Direction of the Road"
"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas"
"The Day Before the Revolution"

References

Fantasy
Short story collections
Hainish Cycle
Kulubá is an ancient Maya civilization city and archaeological site in the Tizimín Municipality, Yucatán, Mexico.

The archaeological zone was originally discovered in 1941. Excavation of the site is still in its initial stages even though research in the area has been going on for over a decade. So far, a large palace has been partially uncovered. It is 55 meters by 15 meters and stand six meters tall. Other remains include a residential and cooking area. A burial site has also been identified. The governor of Yucatan announced in 2019 that a significant amount of money was to be invested in development of the site as a tourist destination.

References
Angela Rayner (née Bowen; born 28 March 1980) is a British politician serving as Shadow First Secretary of State and Deputy Leader of the Opposition since 2020. A member of the Labour Party, she currently serves a s its Deputy leader. She has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashton-under-Lyne since 2015. She has served in the Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn as Shadow Secretary of State for Education since 2016.

In January 2020, Rayner announced her candidacy for Labour Deputy Leader in the 2020 deputy leadership election, which she won.

References

1980 births
Living people
Labour Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
UK MPs 2019–present
Trade unionists
People from Greater Manchester
Ronald Melzack,  (July 19, 1929 – December 22, 2019) was a Canadian psychologist and emeritus professor of psychology at McGill University. He was known for his pain research by introducing the gate control theory of pain. 

He was a founding member of the International Association for the Study of Pain. He also became the founding editor of Wall & Melzack's Textbook of Pain

Melzack had many honors including Prix du Québec (1994), the Order of Canada (1995), and the National Order of Quebec (2000). In 2010, he won the Grawemeyer Award for  his research on the science of pain.

References

1929 births
2019 deaths
Canadian scientists
Canadian psychologists
Canadian educators
Editors
Writers from Montreal
Richard Dawson Harry "Lee" Mendelson (March 24, 1933 – December 25, 2019) was an American television producer, known for his cartoons for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Walt Disney Company, Hanna-Barbera Productions, The Peanuts animated Specials and Nickelodeon Movies. Travels with Charley, based upon the book by John Steinbeck.

Mendelson Productions has produced over 100 television and movie productions, winning 12 Emmys and 4 Peabodys, as well as many Grammy, Emmy, and Oscar nominations.

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Disney, HB Nickelodeon Movies and animation
Mendleson joined Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1961. He worked on some Tom and Jerry films. He produced  A Charlie Brown Christmas. In 1966, he joined Disney. Movies like for example, The lion King. (1994). Afew years later He joined the Hanna-Barbera. Characters like Scooby-doo. Later hE joined Nickelodeon Movies,
Like producing Spongebob Squarepants.

Death
Mendelson died on December 25, 2019 from lung cancer in Hillsborough, California at the age of 86.

References

Other websites

Emmy Award winners
1933 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in California
American television producers
American movie producers
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Hillsborough is an incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is located  south of San Francisco on the San Francisco Peninsula. The population was 10,825 as of 2010.

References

Towns in California
Settlements in San Mateo County, California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
John Donald Imus Jr. (July 23, 1940 – December 27, 2019) was an American radio personality, television show host, recording artist, and author. He was known for his radio show Imus in the Morning which aired on many stations until 2018.

His first radio job in 1968 at KUTY in Palmdale, California. Three years later, he landed the morning spot at WNBC in New York City; he was fired in 1977.

In 1979, Imus returned to WNBC and stayed at the station until 1988 when the show moved to WFAN. He became popular when the show entered national syndication in 1993. He was called a "shock jock" radio host throughout his later career. He retired from broadcasting in March 2018.

In March 2009, Imus was diagnosed with stage 2 prostate cancer. He refused to have chemotherapy.

Imus was hospitalized in College Station, Texas, on December 24, 2019. He died three days later, on December 27, at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1940 births
2019 deaths
American DJs
American television presenters
American radio personalities
People with cancer
Comedians from California
Comedians from New York City
Writers from California
Writers from New York City
LeRoy S. Zimmerman (born December 22, 1934) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the Attorney General of Pennsylvania from 1981 through 1989. He was the first person to be elected as state attorney general.

In 2002, he was named to the PoliticsPA list of politically influential individuals. He was named again in 2003 and called a, "power broker in Central Pennsylvania."

References

Other websites
Profile at Eckert Seamans

People from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
US Republican Party politicians
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Lawyers from Pennsylvania
1934 births
Chester is a small rural city in Chester County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 5,607 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Chester County.

References

Cities in South Carolina
County seats in South Carolina
Allison Sharlene Feaster-Strong (born February 11, 1976) is a retired American professional basketball player.  Feaster-Strong played in the Women's National Basketball Association from 1998 through 2008, for the Los Angeles Sparks, Charlotte Sting, and Indiana Fever.

She played professionally in Europe from 1998 through 2016 for teams in Portugal, France, Spain, and Italy.  She retired from professional basketball in August 2016. She was born in Chester, South Carolina.

References

Other websites
WNBA Player Profile 
TopOfTheCircle.com profile (Archived 2009-10-25)
FEB (Spanish Basketball Federation) player profile 

1976 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
Sportspeople from South Carolina
People from Chester, South Carolina
American basketball players
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC, often pronounced  ) was the main channel of student activity to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. 

It was created in 1960 from the student-led sit-ins to protest segregated lunch counters in Greensboro, North Carolina and Nashville, Tennessee. The group was mainly founded and headed by Ella Baker.

Other websites
The SNCC Digital Gateway
The SNCC Project: A Year by Year History 1960–1970
SNCC Actions 1960–1970 (map)
SNCC 1960 – 1966: Six years of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Retrieved May 2, 2005.
Stokely Carmichael – Leader of SNCC's militant branch 
Civil Rights Movement Veterans
 SNCC Documents Online collection of original SNCC documents ~ Civil Rights Movement Veterans.
 Americus Movement, Civil Rights Digital Library.
The Story of SNCC , One Person, One Vote Project

American civil rights activists
Maury County ( ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee, in the Middle Tennessee region. As of the 2010 census, the population was 80,956. Its county seat is Columbia.

References

Tennessee counties
Frederick "Fred" Lorenzen, Jr. (born December 30, 1934), nicknamed The Golden Boy, Fast Freddie, The Elmhurst Express and Fearless Freddy, is an American NASCAR driver. He was born in Elmhurst, Illinois. His career lasted from 1958 to 1972. He won the 1965 Daytona 500.

References

1934 births
Living people
American racecar drivers
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from Illinois
The Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition () is the leader of Canada's Official Opposition. It is the party possessing the most seats in the House of Commons that is not the governing party or part of the governing coalition. 

The current interim Leader of the Opposition is Candice Bergen, M.P. since Erin O'Toole's resignation in February 2022.

List of leaders

Notes

References
William Carvel "Bill" Graham  (born March 17, 1939) is a Canadian lawyer, law professor, politician, and Chancellor of Trinity College. 

Graham was Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of National Defence, Leader of the Opposition and interim Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.

References

1939 births
Living people
Canadian lawyers
Politicians from Montreal
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Leaders of the Opposition (Canada)
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Canadian Queen's Counsel
Hugo Ferdinand Boss (8 July 1885 – 9 August 1948) was a German fashion designer and businessman. He was the founder of the clothing company Hugo Boss AG. He was an active member of the Nazi Party from 1931 to 1945.

References

1885 births
1948 deaths
German businesspeople
Fashion designers
Nazis
LVMH Moët Hennessy – Louis Vuitton SE (), also known as LVMH, is a French multinational luxury goods conglomerate headquartered in Paris (France). The company was formed in 1987 under the merger of fashion house Louis Vuitton with Moët Hennessy, a company formed after the 1971.

References

French fashion houses
Sankt Augustin is a town in the Rhein-Sieg district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is named after the patron saint of the Divine Word Missionaries, Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430). 

Sankt Augustin is twinned with:
 Grantham, United Kingdom 
 Mevaseret Zion, Israel
 Szentes, Hungary

References
Szentes is a city in south-eastern Hungary, Csongrád county.

Other websites
  in Hungarian, English, German and Serb
 Városi Visszhang - Szentes
 Local Radio Station - Radio 451

Cities in Hungary
Quentin Northrup Burdick (June 19, 1908 – September 8, 1992) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party. He represented North Dakota in the U.S. House of Representatives (1959–1960) and the U.S. Senate (1960–1992). 

At the time of his death, he was the third longest-serving senator (after Strom Thurmond and Robert Byrd) among current members of the Senate.

Burdick died of heart failure at a Fargo, North Dakota hospital at the age of 84.

References

Other websites
Quentin Burdick Papers at The University of North Dakota

 

1908 births
1992 deaths
United States senators from North Dakota
United States representatives from North Dakota
Deaths from heart failure
People from Fargo, North Dakota
US Democratic Party politicians
Lawyers from North Dakota
Erzsébet Szőnyi, also Erzsébet Szilágyi, (25 April 1924 – 28 December 2019) was a Hungarian composer and music teacher. Her works were about symphonic compositions, chamber music works, art songs, and oratorios. She also wrote many stage works including eight operas. She was born in Budapest. In 1964, Erzsébet became a member directing the International Society for Music Education (ISME). She was vice-president of ISME from 1970 to 1974.

Szőnyi died on 28 December 2019 in Budapest at the age of 95.

References

Other websites
 Curriculum vitae of Erzsébet Szönyi at klassika.info

1924 births
2019 deaths
Hungarian composers
Hungarian educators
People from Budapest
was a Japanese politician. He was a member of Liberal Democratic Party. He was in the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan.

On September 3, 2007, due to the financial scandal, he resigned as Minister of Agriculture just eight days after he was appointed to the post.

Endo died of pneumonia on December 27, 2019 in Yonezawa, Yamagata at the age of 81.

References

1938 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Japan
Japanese politicians
Bek Air Flight 2100 was a domestic passenger flight from Almaty to Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, onboard a Fokker 100. It crashed on 27 December 2019 while taking off from Almaty International Airport. 

Initial reports said fourteen people had been killed and 66 were critically injured, with one of the first survivors dying later in hospital, bringing total fatalities to fifteen; however, the death toll was later fixed to 12, without any explanation. 

The local government has started investigations and more reports are pending. The exact number of people on board was not immediately determined.

References

2019 aviation disasters
2019 in Asia
Aviation disasters in Asia
December 2019 events
21st century in Kazakhstan
Wilson "Bill" Livingood (born October 1, 1936) was elected Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives on January 4, 1995. Livingood was the 35th person to hold the post.

References

1936 births
Living people
People from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Sergeants at Arms of the United States House of Representatives
Paul D. Irving (born August 1957) is an American law enforcement officer. In January 2012, he became the Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives. He replaced Wilson Livingood. He also worked for the United States Secret Service.

References

1957 births
Living people
American police officers
People from Los Angeles
People from Miami, Florida
People from Tampa, Florida
Sergeants at Arms of the United States House of Representatives
William Harold Greider (August 6, 1936 – December 25, 2019) was an American journalist and author. He wrote mainly about economics. He was national affairs correspondent for The Nation. He also wrote for the Rolling Stone magazine during the 1980s and 1990s, and worked as an on-air correspondent for Frontline on PBS.

Greider died at his home in Washington, D.C. from congestive heart failure-related problems, aged 83, on December 25, 2019.

References

1936 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Washington, D.C.
American editors
American political commentators
American political writers
American journalists
Writers from Washington, D.C.
Writers from Cincinnati, Ohio
Joseph Myron Segel (January 9, 1931 – December 21, 2019) was an American entrepreneur. He was the founder of over 20 American companies, most notably QVC, an American television network, and the Franklin Mint. He was seen as the inventor of television shopping channels.

Segel died on December 21, 2019 at the age of 88 in Gladwyne, Pennsylvania from congestive heart failure.

References

Other websites
Budd Margolis, Home Shopping History: HSN & QVC
Joseph M. Segel  (an autobiography)

1931 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Businesspeople from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 201,292. Its county seat is Monroe.

References

1840s establishments in North Carolina
1842 establishments in the United States
North Carolina counties
"Fly Me to the Moon", originally titled "In Other Words", is a song written in 1954 by Bart Howard. 

Kaye Ballard made the first recording of the song the year it was written. Frank Sinatra's 1964 version was mainly about the Apollo missions to the Moon. Patti Page also sang this song and made a hit. 

In 1999, the Songwriters Hall of Fame honored "Fly Me to the Moon" by adding it as a "Towering Song".

References

Pop songs
1950s songs
1954
Frank Sinatra songs
"You Make Me Feel So Young" is a 1946 popular song composed by Josef Myrow, with lyrics written by Mack Gordon. It was created for the movie Three Little Girls in Blue.

The song was recorded by Frank Sinatra in 1956, and performed many times throughout his career. It is featured in the 2003 movie Elf.

References

1940s songs
Pop songs
Frank Sinatra songs
The Rat Pack was an informal group of entertainers centered on the Las Vegas casino scene.  The group met at the Los Angeles home of Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall.

Members 
In the 1960s the group had Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop among others. They appeared together on stage and in movies in the early 1960s, including the movies Ocean's 11, Sergeants 3, and Robin and the 7 Hoods (in the last movie, Bing Crosby replaced Lawford). Sinatra, Martin, and Davis were seen as the group's lead members after Bogart's death.

References

Frank Sinatra
Comedians from Las Vegas, Nevada
American movie actors
Actors from Las Vegas, Nevada
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the county had a population of 9,295. Its county seat is Carrollton.

References

1833 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
Ray County is a county in the U.S. state of Missouri and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,494. Its county seat is Richmond.

References

Missouri counties
1820 establishments in Missouri Territory
Newton County is a county located in the southwest part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 58,114. Its county seat is Neosho.

References

1838 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
Chicka Chicka Boom Boom is a bestselling American children's book written by Bill Martin, Jr. and John Archambault, illustrated by Lois Ehlert, and published by Simon & Schuster in 1989. The book features anthropomorphized letters.

References 

1989 books
English-language picture books
Children's books
Children's picture books
McKeesport is a city in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 19,731 at the 2010 census, and is Allegheny County's second-largest city, after Pittsburgh. It is at the confluence of the Monongahela and Youghiogheny rivers and within the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. It was founded in 1795.

References

Other websites 

 City of McKeesport official website

1790s establishments in Pennsylvania
1795 establishments in the United States
Cities in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Pietro Brollo (1 December 1933 – 5 December 2019) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop. He was born in Tolmezzo.

Brollo was ordained to the priesthood in 1957. He was titular bishop of Zuglio and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Udine, Italy, from 1985 to 1995. He then was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Belluno-Feltre, Italy, from 1995 to 2000. Brollo was archbishop of the Udine Archdiocese from 2000 to 2009.

Brollo died on 5 December 2019 in Tolmezzo at the age of 86.

References 

1933 births
2019 deaths
Italian Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic archbishops
People from Friuli Venezia-Giulia
Tolmezzo (, , archaic  or Schönfeld) is a city and comune in the province of Udine, part of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of north-eastern Italy.

References 

Cities in Friuli Venezia-Giulia
Trasquera is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont.

Trasquera is about  northeast of Turin and about  northwest of Verbania. It is in the Val Divedro, on the border with Switzerland. As of 2004, 247 people lived there. It has an area of .

Trasquera is next to these municipalities: Bognanco, Crevoladossola, Domodossola, Varzo, Zwischbergen (Switzerland).

References 

Settlements in Piedmont
Baceno (Lombard Bascén, Walser German: Aager) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont.

Baceno is about  northeast of Turin and about  northwest of Verbania. It is on the border with Switzerland. As of 2004, 963 people lived there. It has an area of .

Baceno is next to these municipalities: Binn (Switzerland), Crodo, Formazza, Grengiols (Switzerland), Premia, Varzo.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Settlements in Piedmont
Hicksville is  a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York, United States, on Long Island. The population of the CDP was 41,547 at the 2010 census.

References 

Census-designated places in New York (state)
Hamlets in New York
The American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)  is a species of crow that is found in North America. It is of least concern, this means that it is not in any danger and is safe. A large group of crows is also called a murder. These crows can also be tamed to be around humans.

Health concerns
These crows also carry different viruses that might be harmful to humans if the crow is infected with the disease.

References

Corvids
Birds of North America
The Gaels are an ethnic group who are native to Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man in northwestern Europe. Gaelic languages are spoken by the Gaels, including m Irish, Manx and Scottish Gaelic.

References
is a Japanese singer and songwriter.

Discography 
Studio albums
 Excitement of Youth (青春のエキサイトメント) 
 Momentary Sixth Sense (瞬間的シックスセンス)

Extended plays
 Tamago
 Nikumarekko Yo ni Habakaru
 Ai wo Tsutaetaida toka

Single

As lead artist
 "Anata Kaibou Junaika (Shine)" (貴方解剖純愛歌~死ね~) 
 "Ikite Itanda yo na" (生きていたんだよな) 
 "Ai wo Tsutaetaida toka" (愛を伝えたいだとか) 
 "Kimi wa Rock wo Kikanai" (君はロックを聴かない) 
 "Only Under the Full Moon" (満月の夜なら)
 "Marigold" (マリーゴールド) 
 "Let the Night" (今夜このまま)
 "Haru no Hi" (ハルノヒ) 
 "The Smell of a Midsummer Night" (真夏の夜の匂いがする) 
 "Her Blue Sky" (空の青さを知る人よ)

As featured artist
 "Nakidashisou da yo" (泣き出しそうだよ) - (Radwimps featuring Aimyon)

Awards

References

Japanese singers
Japanese songwriters
J-pop
Maurizio Noci (10 August 1937 – 22 December 2019) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, the Italian Senate and an undersecretary in the  Ministry of Agriculture and Forests. He was the mayor of Crema from 1975 to 1979. Noci was born in Crema. He was a member of the Italian Socialists.

Noci died on 22 December 2019 in Crema at the age of 82.

References

Other websites
Official Chamber of Deputies page
Official Senate page

1937 births
2019 deaths
Mayors
Italian politicians
Athanasios "Thanos" Mikroutsikos (; 13 April 1947 – 28 December 2019) was a Greek composer and politician. He was thought to be one of the most important composers of the recent Greek musical scene. He was born in Patras, Greece. In 1994, he became Minister of Culture. He left the job in 1996. He was supporter of the Communist Party of Greece.

Mikroutsikos died on 28 December 2019 from lung cancer at a hospital in Athens at the age of 72.

References

Other websites
 

1947 births
2019 deaths
Greek writers
Greek politicians
Communists
Composers
Deaths from lung cancer
Patricia Crowley (born September 17, 1933) is an American actress. She co-starred with Rosemary Clooney in a 1954 musical, Red Garters, and with Barbara Stanwyck and Fred MacMurray in the 1956 drama There's Always Tomorrow.

References

Other websites
 

1933 births
Living people
Golden Globe Award winning actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Pennsylvania
Michael Callan (born November 22, 1935) is an American actor. He was best known for the role of Riff in West Side Story on Broadway, and for his movie roles for Columbia Pictures, notably Gidget Goes Hawaiian, The Interns and Cat Ballou.

References

Other websites
 

1935 births
Living people
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
{{Infobox person
| name               = 
| image              = Keir Dullea Denver Pyle 1962 (cropped).JPG
| caption            = Dullea in Kraft Mystery Theatres "Cry Ruin" (1962)
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = 
| birth_place        = Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
| death_date         = 
| death_place        = 
| death_cause        = 
| resting_place      = 
| education          = Rutgers UniversitySan Francisco State University
| occupation         = Actor
| yearsactive        = 1960–present
| spouse             = 
}}Keir Atwood Dullea''' (; born May 30, 1936) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles of astronaut David Bowman in the 1968 movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and its 1984 sequel, 2010: The Year We Make Contact. 

His other movie roles include Bunny Lake Is Missing (1965) and Black Christmas'' (1974).

References

Other websites
 

Golden Globe Award winning actors
1936 births
Living people
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Cleveland, Ohio
Margot Bennett (born Muriel Eisenberg, February 19, 1935) is an American publicist and actress. She is best known for her appearances in the movies O Lucky Man! and Who Killed Teddy Bear. She was the first wife of both actor Keir Dullea and, later, actor Malcolm McDowell.

References

Other websites
 

Actors from New York
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Living people
1935 births
Woodmere is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 17,554 at the 2016 census.

References

Census-designated places in New York (state)
Hamlets in New York
International economics is a field of macroeconomics. It looks at the effect of trade of goods and services between different countries. Generally, there's trade between contries, if any of the folloowing is true:
Certain goods or services are legal, but not available in a country; Germany does not grow bananas. So bananas need to be imported.
The costs of production are different in different countries: It may be better to produce something in one country, and export it to another country.
A country has a compoarative advantage at producing certain goods.

In the end, countries and economies are better off with specialization and trade.
Macroeconomics
Vanzone con San Carlo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont.

Vanzone con San Carlo is about  northeast of Turin and about  west of Verbania. As of 2004, 482 people lived there. It has an area of .

Vanzone con San Carlo is next to these municipalities: Antrona Schieranco, Bannio Anzino, Calasca-Castiglione, Ceppo Morelli.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Settlements in Piedmont
Re is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Re is about  from Domodossola and  from the border with Switzerland. As of 2004, 805 people lived there. It has an area of .

Re is next to these municipalities: Craveggia, Cursolo-Orasso, Malesco, Villette.

References

Other websites 

  
 Re centro di turismo religioso Re Religious Tourism Website

Settlements in Piedmont
Rho (; ; ) is a city in northern Italy. Rho is in the Lombardy Region. As of 2018, 50,602 people lived there.

Cities in Lombardy
Cinisello Balsamo is a city in northern Italy. Cinisello Balsamo is in the Lombardy Region. As of 2018, 75,581 people lived there.

Cities in Lombardy
DeKalb County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 42,223 people lived there. The county seat is Auburn.

References 

1837 establishments in Indiana
Indiana counties
Switzerland County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 10,613 people lived there. The county seat is Vevay.

References 

1810s establishments in Indiana Territory
1814 establishments in the United States
Indiana counties
The hooded crow (Corvus cornix) (also called hoodie) is a type of crow found in north, east and south Europe, it is also found in the Middle East.

Conservation status 
This crow's conservation status is least concern, this means that this bird is safe and not in any danger.

References 

Corvids
Birds of Europe
Birds of Asia
The Cecil Hotel is a hotel in downtown Los Angeles. It opened in 1927.  It is in a poorer part of the city, and many deaths and violent acts have happened there. For example, the dead body of a Canadian student, Elisa Lam, was found on the hotel roof in 2013. The hotel changed its name to Stay on Main Hotel in order to distance itself from its dark past. Because of this, the hotel is also called "The Suicide."  

At least 11 people killed themselves in the hotel.

As of 2019, the hotel has 301 rooms for people who want to live there for a long time and 299 hotel rooms.  Some of the hotel rooms are regular private hotel rooms and some are meant to be like a European hostel, where people who didn't know each other would be expected to share the room.  The owners are currently rebuilding the hotel to make it nicer and newer.  They plan for it to have 30 fewer rooms in 2021 to make space for other things.

The Cecil Hotel was part of the inspiration for the fifth season of the television show American Horror Story, which took place in a haunted hotel.

References 

1920s establishments in California
1927 establishments in the United States
Hotels
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
Dorsten (; Westphalian: Dössen) is a town in the district of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 75,000 people live in Dorsten.

Twin towns – sister cities 
Dorsten is twinned with:

 Crawley, England, United Kingdom
 Dormans, France
 Ernée, France
 Hainichen in Germany
 Hod HaSharon, Israel
 Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
 Rybnik, Poland
 Waslala, Nicaragua

References

Other websites 

 Official website of Dorsten 

Recklinghausen Rural District
Fabien Thiémé (11 July 1952 – 27 December 2019) was a French politician. Thiémé was born in Valenciennes, France. Thiémé was elected to the National Assembly as a member of the French Communist Party from Nord's 21st constituency in 1988. He lost re-election in 1993. Thiémé was mayor of Marly, Nord from 2008 until his death.

Thiémé died on 27 December 2019 in Marly from problems caused by myocarditis, aged 67.

References

1952 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocarditis
Cardiovascular disease deaths in France
French mayors
Communists
Amelia Cabeza de Pelayo Patterson, also known as Amy Patterson (16 July 1912 – 28 December 2019) was an Argentine composer, singer, poet, and teacher. She was known for writing the anthem of the Province of Salta. She was very popular in Argentina, and much of her music received state approval from the Ministry of Education of Argentina. She was born in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.

She turned 100 in July 2012. Patterson died on 28 December 2019 at the age of 107.

References

1912 births
2019 deaths
Composers
Argentine educators
Argentine poets
Argentine singers
Centenarians
Nilcéa Freire (14 September 1953 – 29 December 2019) was a Brazilian academic and politician. She was dean of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. In 2004 she became a government minister, as the Special Secretariat of Policies for Women. From 2005 to 2007, she was the President of the Inter-American Commission of Women. Freire was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Freire died on 29 December 2019 of cancer in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 66.

References

1953 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Brazilian politicians
Researchers
Brazilian educators
People from Rio de Janeiro
Harry "Pombo" Villegas (10 May 1940 – 29 December 2019) was a Cuban Communist guerrilla and historian. He fought alongside Che Guevara in battles from the Sierra Maestra to the Bolivian insurgency. Villegas was also a published writer. He was born in Yara, Cuba.

Villegas died on 29 December 2019 in Havana at the age of 79.

Works
Pombo: A Man of Che's guerrilla. With Che Guevara in Bolivia, 1966-68. (1997)
At the Side of Che Guevara: Interviews With Harry Villegas. (1997).

References

Other websites
Members of Che Guevara's Guerrilla Movement in Bolivia - by the Latin American Studies Organization

1940 births
2019 deaths
Communists
Cuban writers
Military people
Historians
Roger Alexander Deakins ,  (born 24 May 1949) is an British cinematographer. He is best known for his work on the movies of the Coen brothers, Sam Mendes, and Denis Villeneuve. Deakins is a member of both the American and British Society of Cinematographers. 

Deakins has received fourteen nominations and one win for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography. His most well-known works include The Shawshank Redemption, Fargo,  A Beautiful Mind, Skyfall, Sicario, and Blade Runner 2049.

References

Academy Award winners
BAFTA Award winners
1949 births
Living people
British cinematographers
People from Devon
Chad F. Wolf (born 1976) is an American government official. He was unlawfully appointed the acting Secretary of Homeland Security in 2019. Wolf also serves as Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Strategy, Policy, and Plans since November 2019. He was Chief of Staff of the Transportation Security Administration and Chief of Staff to former Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen.

On August 25, 2020 President Donald Trump announced his plans to nominate Wolf was the permanent Homeland Security Secretary. However, following the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, Wolf resigned on January 11, 2021.

References

Other websites

1976 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Homeland Security
Politicians from Mississippi
People from Jackson, Mississippi
US Republican Party politicians
Courtney Bernard Vance (born March 12, 1960) is an American actor. He was known for his roles in the movies Hamburger Hill and The Hunt for Red October, the television series Law & Order: Criminal Intent, in which he played Assistant District Attorney Ron Carver and The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story, in which he played Johnnie Cochran.

He won a Tony Award in 2013 and an Emmy Award in 2016.

References

Tony Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
1960 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Detroit, Michigan