cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Foot odor (or foot odour) is a type of body odor that affects the feet of humans. Some people think it is an unpleasant smell. Others may enjoy it when they have a foot fetish or olfactophilia (being attracted to certain smells). A 1994 study found that 45% of people with a foot fetish were also aroused by smelly socks and/or feet.

Causes
The main cause of foot odor is foot sweat. Sweat itself does not smell a lot, but some bacteria can grow better in a sweaty environment, which then cause the odor. These bacteria are normally on our skin and are not harmful. 

The front part of the foot produces the most sweat. 

Sweating on the feet can be increased by wearing closed shoes or boots. Especially thick materials such as leather or rubber will hold the sweat in them and can increase the odor intensity. Certain types of socks can also make the smell stronger.

Odor qualities
The quality (aroma) of foot odor is often described as thick and smelling like cheese. This is because some of the bacteria that create foot odor (like Brevibacteria) are also used in the production of cheese. They produce the chemical 3-Methylbutanoic acid, which is a main part that is responsible for the odor. This chemical is also often used to make perfumes.

Because of acids in the foot sweat, the odor may also be sour, similar to that of vinegar.

Other things that can influence foot smell are the type of socks and shoes a person wears, how long they are worn at a time, and many individual factors, for example if the person does a lot of sports or other physical activities. Because men sweat more than women, they generally have smellier feet.

Prevention
The best method for preventing food odor is to maintain a good foot hygiene. Regular cleaning of the feet removes dead skin cells from the feet, along with sebum (a type of body oil). This reduces the opportunities for bacteria to cause smelly feet. By regularly cleaning feet properly, feet will not have a strong foot odor. A foot file or pumice stone can be used to remove dead skin cells.

References

Hygiene
Feet
Ferdinand Karl Piëch (; 17 April 1937 – 25 August 2019) was an Austrian businessman, engineer and executive. He was the chairman of the executive board (Vorstandsvorsitzender) of Volkswagen Group in 1993 through 2002 and the chairman of the supervisory board (Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender) of Volkswagen Group in 2002 through 2015.

References

1937 births
2019 deaths
Austrian businesspeople
Engineers
Scientists from Vienna
Pal Benko (; July 15, 1928 – August 26, 2019) was a French-born Hungarian–American chess grandmaster.

Benko's highest achievement was qualifying and competing in the Candidates Tournament—the tournament to decide the challenger for the World Championship—in 1959 and 1962. He finished eighth in 1959 and sixth in 1962.

References

1928 births
2019 deaths
American chess players
Hungarian chess players
French people
Chess grandmasters
Isabel Toledo (born Maria Isabel Izquierdo; April 9, 1960 – August 26, 2019) was a Cuban-American fashion designer based in New York City. She was born in Camajuaní, Cuba. Her career was based in New York City. She was known for designing Michelle Obama's first inaugural dress.

Toledo died at a Manhattan hospital on August 26, 2019 from breast cancer at the age of 59.

References

1960 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from breast cancer
Cuban people
American fashion designers
Businesspeople from New York City
Cancer deaths in New York City
Naturalized citizens of the United States
John Allan Yarmuth (born November 4, 1947) is an American politician. He is the U.S. Representative for  since 2007. Since 2013, he has been the only Democratic member of Kentucky's congressional delegation. 

In August 2019, Yarmuth endorsed Bernie Sanders's 2020 presidential campaign. 

On October 12, 2021, Yarmuth announced that he would not seek re-election in 2022.

References

1947 births
Living people
United States representatives from Kentucky
Politicians from Louisville, Kentucky
US Democratic Party politicians
Linda Taylor (born Martha Louise White; c. January 1926 – April 18, 2002) was an American criminal. She committed welfare fraud and, after an article in the Chicago Tribune in fall 1974, became known as the "welfare queen". 

Her activities were used by Ronald Reagan, from his 1976 presidential campaign onwards, to defend his criticisms of social programs in the United States. 

Her criminal activities are believed to have extended beyond welfare fraud and may have included assault, theft, insurance fraud, bigamy, the abduction and sale of children, and possibly even murder.

References

1926 births
2002 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Illinois
American fraudsters
Criminals from Chicago
People from Tennessee
Social programs in the United States are welfare subsidies designed to help the overall American population receive basic needs such as food, housing and healthcare.

Federal and state welfare programs include money assistance, healthcare and medical needs, food assistance, housing subsidies, energy and utilities subsidies, education and childcare assistance, and subsidies and assistance for other basic services.

References

United States
A pejorative (also called a derogatory term, a slur, a term of disparagement) is a word or grammatical form of expressing a negative term of someone or something, showing a lack of respect for someone or something.

It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard.

Sometimes, a term is seen as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others, or may be originally pejorative and eventually be adopted in a non-pejorative sense (see queer and nigga).

Related pages
Insult
List of pejoratives

References
Welfare fraud is the act of illegally using state welfare systems by knowingly withholding or giving information to have more funds than would otherwise be given. Finding reliable evidence of welfare fraud is notoriously difficult.

References

Types of crime
Montero Lamar Hill (born April 9, 1999), known as Lil Nas X ( ), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He came to international attention for his country rap single "Old Town Road", which first achieved viral popularity on the micro-platform video sharing app TikTok in early 2019, and was Diamond Certified by November the same year. The song reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 and remained there for nineteen weeks, the longest for any song since the chart debuted in 1958.  In June 2019, Nas X came out as gay, the only artist ever to have done so while having a number-one record. "Old Town Road" earned him two MTV Video Music Awards including Song of the Year and the American Music Award for Favorite Rap/Hip Hop Song. Nas X is the only openly LGBTQ artist to win a Country Music Association award. He won two Grammy Awards for Best Music Video and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance, along with being nominated six others, the most for any male in 2019. TIME named him to their inaugural TIME 100 Next list.

Songs 
His debut EP, 7, was released in June 2019 with its second single, "Panini", peaking at number five on the Hot 100 and three on Rolling Stone's Top 100. Its third single "Rodeo" with Cardi B, peaked at number nine on the Rolling Stone Top 100. , his songs have been streamed over 2.3 billion times.

Notes

References

1999 births
Living people
LGBT African Americans
American TikTokers
Twitch (service) streamers
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
LGBT singers
Country musicians from Georgia (U.S state)
American rock singers
American pop singers
American R&B singers
Rap musicians from Georgia
Grammy Award winners
American singer-songwriters
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
African-American rappers
American country singers
American hip hop singers
LGBT people from Georgia (U.S. state)
LGBT rights activists
Musicians from Atlanta, Georgia
Pseudonyms
Tenors
"Old Town Road" is a song by American rapper Lil Nas X. It was initially released independently on December 3, 2018, and gained popularity on social video sharing app TikTok.

"Old Town Road" has been officially remixed four times, featuring a different array of guest artists including Billy Ray Cyrus, Diplo, Young Thug, Mason Ramsey and RM.

In March 2019, the song reached number 19 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart before the magazine disqualified it. Though the song was not re-entered onto the overall country charts, both the original version of the song and the remix featuring Cyrus eventually peaked at number one on the flagship Billboard chart, the Hot 100, for a record-breaking nineteen consecutive weeks. 

The song was the first-ever number-one song on the Rolling Stone Top 100 chart.

References

Songs
The first inauguration of Calvin Coolidge as the 30th president of the United States was held on Friday, August 3, 1923 at the Coolidge Homestead in Plymouth Notch, Vermont, following the death of President Warren G. Harding. 

The inauguration marked the beginning of the first term (a partial term of ) of Calvin Coolidge as President. The presidential oath of office was administered to the new president by his father, John Calvin Coolidge Sr..

References

1920s in the United States
1923
Calvin Coolidge
Coolidge, Calvin
Michael Buffer (born November 2, 1944) is an American ring announcer for boxing and professional wrestling matches. He is known for his trademarked catchphrase, "Let's get ready to rumble!". He is also known for creating the announcing style in which he rolls certain letters and adds other emphasis to a fighter's name.

, the catchphrase has generated $400 million in revenue from licensing the trademark.

In 2008, Buffer was treated for throat cancer.

References

Other websites

1944 births
Living people
Cancer survivors
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
American television presenters
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
WWE people
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Good Boys is a 2019 American adventure comedy movie directed by Gene Stupnitsky and written by Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg. The movie stars Jacob Tremblay, Keith Williams, and Brady Noon. Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg serve as producers.

The movie was released on August 16, 2019, by Universal Pictures. The movie received generally positive reviews from critics with an 78% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The movie was shot in Vancouver.

References

2019 comedy movies
2010s adventure movies
American adventure movies
American comedy movies
In math, the identity property is made up of two parts: the additive identity property and the multiplicative identity property.

The additive identity property says that the sum of adding any number and zero (0) is just the original number. For that reason, zero is often called the additive identity of common numbers.

The multiplicative identity property says that the product of multiplying any number and one (1) is just the original number. Also, if you divide a number by itself, the result (quotient) is one. For that reason, one is often called the multiplicative identity of common numbers.

Related pages 

 Identity (mathematics)

References 

Mathematics
Java ME (Java, Platorm, Micro, Edition) is a Linux-based platform designed for running dedicated applets. For example, your smart TV might run Java ME, your car's media player might run Java ME. it is also compatible with the internet of things.

Linux
Java
A segregated family, formerly in the family Portulacaceae.

Representative genera

Lenzia Phil.
Philipiamra Kunze
Cistanthe Spach

References

Caryophyllales
Sensational spelling is when a word is spelled wrong on purpose. This may be done for creativity, advertising, or humor.

These are many brands with sensational spelling, including Krispy Kreme Doughnuts (which should be spelled "crispy cream"), Froot Loops (fruit loops), Mortal Kombat (mortal combat) and Hasbro's Playskool (playschool). It can also happen with common nouns, such as drive-thru (drive through), blu-ray (blue ray) "lite" items (light).

Some websites on the internet also gain fame from sensational spelling, such as Google, flickr, Tumblr.

Words
New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe is a 2019 Nintendo Switch side-scrolling platform game released on January 11, 2019. It was announced at Nintendo Direct on September 13, 2018. It is the latest game in the New Super Mario Bros. series and the follow-up of the 2012 Wii U launch title New Super Mario Bros. U and its 2013 extension pack New Super Luigi U (also released on Wii U). The game adds two new playable characters, Nabbit and Toadette. A power-up called "Super Crown' is a power-up for Toadette, which causes her to transform into a character that resembles Princess Peach, Peachette. As Peachette, she can float like Princess Peach in Super Mario, double jump like Daisy, and recover if she falls in a pit or lava.

2019 video games
Nintendo video games
Nintendo Switch games
Mario platform games
Mario video games
Platform games
Video games developed in Japan
The Hôpital André-Mignot is a hospital in France. It is in the commune of Le Chesnay, close to Paris. It was created in 1981.
It is a partner of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

References

Further reading 
   Hôpital André-Mignot

1980s establishments in France
1981 establishments in Europe
Hospitals in France
Île-de-France
The Minister of Home Affairs (or simply, the Home Minister) is the head of the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of India.

List of Home Ministers

Ministers of State of Home Affairs

References

Other websites
 Home Ministry, Govt. of India
 Amit Shah take charge of Home Ministry of India 2019

India
Lawrence Municipal Airport  is an airport three miles north of Lawrence, in Douglas County, Kansas. It is used for general aviation. It was dedicated on October 14, 1929. It has more than 120 flights every day.

Facilities
The airport covers  at an elevation of 833 feet (254 m). Runway 15/33 is 5,700 by 100 feet (1,737 x 30 m) asphalt and 1/19 is 3,901 by 75 feet (1,189 x 23 m) concrete.

In 2008, the airport had 32,700 aircraft operations, average 89 per day: 93% general aviation, 6% air taxi and <1% military. 56 aircraft were then based at the airport: 91% single-engine, 5% multi-engine, 2% jet and 2% helicopter.

In July 2019, Lawrence allowed a $2.1 million construction project to begin. The project is supposed to be completed by the end of 2019. It will include a 23,000 square foot hangar and an office. It is designed in order to get more private planes to use the airport.

References

Other websites
 Aerial photo as of 16 February 2002 from USGS The National Map
 

Airports in the United States
Lawrence, Kansas
New Fairfield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 13,881 at the 2010 census. New Fairfield is one of five towns that surround Candlewood Lake, the largest lake in Connecticut.

References

Other websites 

 Town of New Fairfield official website

Towns in Connecticut
Raigad Fort is a hill fort in the Mahad, Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. The Raigad Fort was seized by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and made it his capital in 1674 when he was crowned as the King of a Maratha Kingdom which later developed into the Maratha Empire, eventually covering much of western and central India.

Former national capitals
Forts in India
History of India
Maharashtra
Robert John Walker (July 19, 1801November 11, 1869) was an American lawyer, economist and politician. He was in the Democratic Party. He was a senator from Mississippi from 1835 until 1845. He was the Secretary of the Treasury from 1845 to 1849 under President James K. Polk. He was the Territorial Governor of Kansas in 1857.

Career

Secretary of the Treasury (1845-1849)

President Polk asked Walker to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. Walker was the Treasury Secretary during all of Polk's presidency (from March 8, 1845 until March 5, 1849).

As Treasury Secretary, Walker was responsible for financing the Mexican–American War. However, he did not do a very good job.

In 1853, President Franklin Pierce asked Walker if he wanted to be the United States Minister to China, but Walker said no.

Kansas Territorial Governor (1857)
He was chosen to be governor of Kansas Territory on May 27, 1857 by President James Buchanan. However, he quit in December 1857. He quit because of he didn't agree with the Lecompton Constitution. In a resignation letter to Secretary of State Lewis Cass dated December 15, 1857, he said his reasons for quitting was because clear voting fraud and improper political pressure from Franklin Pierce's administration.

Death and legacy
Walker died in Washington D.C. on November 11, 1869. He is buried at Washington's Oak Hill cemetery. His son-in-law Benjamin H. Brewster became Attorney General under Chester A. Arthur. Many of his papers are held by the University of Pittsburgh. The University has put them online them.

References

Other websites

The Colt Revolver in the American West—Robert J. Walker's Presentation Model 1851 Navy

Kansas Democrats
1869 deaths
1801 births
Governors of Kansas Territory
The Lecompton Constitution (1857) was one of four proposed constitutions for the state of Kansas. It was written by pro-slavery people. It included parts to allow slavery in the state. It also had parts to not include free blacks from its bill of rights. It was defeated on January 4, 1858 by a majority of voters in the Kansas Territory. The rejection of the Lecompton Constitution, and the admission of Kansas to the Union as a free state, showed the unusual and fraudulent voting practices. These practices had been used in earlier efforts by bushwhackers and border ruffians to create a state constitution in Kansas that allowed slavery.

The Topeka Constitution was written before the Lecompton Constitution. The Leavenworth and Wyandotte Constitutions were written after the Lecompton Constitution. The Wyandotte Consitution became the Kansas state constitution. The document was written in response to the anti-slavery 1855 Topeka Constitution. That constitution was written by James H. Lane and other free-state people. The territorial legislature was filled mostly with slave owners. They met at the chosen capital of Lecompton in September 1857. They met there to write a document that would compete against the other constitutions. Most actual settlers were anti-slavery. They [boycott]ed the vote. Territorial governor of Kansas, Robert J. Walker, was very pro-slavery. However, he was against the obvious unfairness of the Constitution. He quit being governor so he did not have to enforce it.

President James Buchanan was very pro-slavery, so he supported the Lecompton Constitution when it was sent to Congress. The president received the support of the Southern Democrats. However, many Northern Democrats, led by Stephen A. Douglas, voted with the Republicans to be against the constitution.

Related pages 
Topeka Constitution
Wyandotte Constitution
Bleeding Kansas

References

Other websites
 The Kansas Constitution on Wikisource.
 Constitution Hall State Historic Site Lecompton, Kansas
 Historic Lecompton.''
 The Lecompton Constitution

Bleeding Kansas
1857
An arhat is a type of enlightened person in Buddhism. They have achieved enlightenment by following the teachings of a Buddha. Many of the Buddha's disciples became arhats. 

The importance of the arhat is different depending on the Buddhist school.

Meaning
"Arhat" is a Sanskrit word. It means "someone who deserves to be to honored."

Theravada
The ultimate goal in Theravada Buddhism is to become an arhat. Someone who becomes an arhat is the same as someone who attains enlightenment. The Buddha is also sometimes called an "arhat."

Mahayana
In Mahayana Buddhism, bodhisattvas are seen as better than arhats. A bodhisattva will eventually become a Buddha, who can teach all living beings. An arhat can teach too, but only achieves enlightenment for him or herself.

Related pages
Buddha
Bodhisattva

References

Buddhism
Saints
Buddhist terminology
Dhritarashtra (Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र, Dhṛtarāṣṭra) or Dhatarattha (Pali: धतरट्ठ  Dhataraṭṭha) is one of the Four Heavenly Kings and an important person in Buddhism.

Name
The name Dhṛtarāṣṭra comes from two Sanskrit words: "dhṛta" (possessing; bearing) and "rāṣṭra" (kingdom; territory).

Character
Dhṛtarāṣṭra is the guardian god of the East. He lives on the eastern part of Mount Sumeru. He is leader of the gandharvas and the pishacas.

He is often shown in art playing a stringed instrument.

Theravada
In the Pāli writings of the Theravada Buddhist tradition, Dhṛtarāṣṭra is called Dhataraṭṭha. Dhataraṭṭha is one of the Four Great Kings, each one of which rules over a direction. Vessavaṇa's direction is the eastern quarter of the world. 

He has many sons called "Indra." He also has a daughter named Sirī.

Japan
In Japan, Jikokuten (持国天) is often shown wearing a suit of armor. He usually holds a sword and a trident while standing on top of a demon called a jaki.

Related pages
Four Heavenly Kings
Vaishravana

References

Buddhist gods and goddesses
Fernanda Maria Young de Carvalho Machado (née Leite Young; 1 May 1970 – 25 August 2019), commonly known as Fernanda Young, was a Brazilian writer, screenwriter, television presenter, model and actress. She was born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. She was known for starring and creating Os Normais and Como Aproveitar o Fim do Mundo. 

Young died at a hospital in Paraisópolis, Minas Gerais from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by asthma at the age of 49.

References

Other websites
 
 

1970 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Deaths from asthma
Brazilian screenwriters
Brazilian television presenters
Brazilian television actors
Brazilian models
People from Rio de Janeiro
Yahya Christian Bonaud (1957 – 26 August 2019), also known as Yaḥyā ʿAlawī (or Yaḥyā Bonaud) was a French Islamologist, philosopher, writer and translator. He was a commentator of the Qur'an in French, and a professor at the Jāmī Theological Center at Al-Mustafa International University in Iran. He was born in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. 

Bonaud drowned after being involved in a boat crash on 26 August 2019 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast at the age of 62.

References

French writers
2019 deaths
Accidental deaths by drowning
French philosophers
1957 births
French translators
Hurricane Dorian was a 2019 tropical cyclone. The storm hit the British and United States Virgin Islands and nearly hit Puerto Rico. It was the fourth named storm, second hurricane, first major hurricane, and a first Category 5 hurricane of the 2019 Atlantic hurricane season.

On August 30, Dorian became a first major hurricane of the season, and then became a Category 4 hurricane from a Category 2 in 9 hours. Dorian later became a Category 5 hurricane, making 2019 the fourth consecutive season to feature at least one Category 5 hurricane (Matthew in 2016, Irma and Maria in 2017, and Michael in 2018). The storm was the second most-intense storm to strike anywhere in the Atlantic basin.

Dorian struck the northwestern Bahamas with 185 mph sustained winds and heavy flooding. This was the most powerful tropical cyclone on the record to hit the Bahamas, and is regarded as the worst natural disaster in the country's history.

The cyclone brushed eastern Florida and Georgia. The storm was also expected to move over northeastern South Carolina, eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. After that, it transitioned into a category 2 extratropical storm and hit Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.

Tropical cyclone warnings and watches were put up for areas from the Leeward Islands to Hispaniola. Similar warnings were put up from Florida to Delaware.

Hurricanes
August 2019 events
September 2019 events
2019 in weather
Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes
Colin Grant Clark (2 November 1905 – 4 September 1989) was a British-Australian economist and statistician. He worked in both the United Kingdom and Australia.  He created the use of gross national product (GNP) as the basis for studying national economies. He was on the Council of the Econometric Society from 1948 to 1952.

Publication

Papers
 "A System of Equations Explaining the United States Trade Cycle, 1921 to 1941", Econometrica, Vol. 17, No. 2 (April 1949), pp. 93–124
 "The Economic Functions of a City in Relation to Its Size", Econometrica, Vol. 13, No. 2 (April 1945), pp. 97–113
 "Economic Development in Communist China", The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 84, No. 2 (April 1976), pp. 239–264
 "Theory of Economic Growth", Econometrica, Vol. 17, Supplement: Report of the Washington Meeting (July 1949), pp. 112–116
 "The Measurement of National Wealth: Discussion", (with Milton Gilbert; J. R. N. Stone; Francois Perroux; D. K. Lieu; Evelpides; Francois Divisia; Tinbergen; Kuznets; Smithies; Shirras; MacGregor), Econometrica, Vol. 17, Supplement: Report of the Washington Meeting. (July 1949), pp. 255–272
 "A Critique of Russian Statistics by Colin Clark", Economica, May 1941, NS 8, p. 212.

References

1905 births
1989 deaths
Australian writers
British economists
Writers from London
People from Brisbane
British statisticians
Albert Vickers Bryan Jr. (November 8, 1926 – August 27, 2019) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia from July 1971 through December 1991. Bryan Jr. was born in Alexandria, Virginia. He was nominated by President Richard Nixon.

Bryan Jr. died of pneumonia in Alexandria on August 27, 2019 at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
 
  Political Graveyard

1926 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Lawyers from Virginia
Politicians from Virginia
People from Alexandria, Virginia
Donald Ray Fritts (November 8, 1942 – August 27, 2019) was an American session musician and songwriter. In 2008, he was added into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame. He was known for working with Kris Kristofferson.

Working closely with Rick Hall, Billy Sherrill, Dan Penn, Arthur Alexander, David Briggs, Jerry Carrigan and Norbert Putnam.

In 2014, he appeared on Country Funk Vol. II, a compilation album from Light in the Attic.  In 2015, he signed with Single Lock Records.

Fritts died from heart surgery-related problems on August 27, 2019, at a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama at the age of 76.

References

Other websites
 
Donnie Fritts Interview - NAMM Oral History Library (2015)
 

1942 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
American keyboard players
American songwriters
Musicians from Alabama
Writers from Alabama
People from Florence, Alabama
Tahu Potiki (23 December 1966 – 27 August 2019) was a New Zealand Māori leader. He was chief executive of Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu from 2002 to 2006. Potiki was born in Palmerston, Otago.

Potiki died in Auckland on 27 August 2019, aged 52 from multiple organ failure.

References

1960s births
2019 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
New Zealand politicians
Nancy Holloway ( Brown, December 11, 1932 – August 28, 2019) was an American jazz, pop and soul singer and actress. She was popular during the 1960s in France, where she continued to perform and live. She was born in Cleveland, Ohio. Holloway was known for singing "T'en va pas comme ça" and for starring in Seek the idol and Man from Cocody.

Holloway died on August 28, 2019 in Paris at the age of 86.

References

1932 births
2019 deaths
American pop singers
American jazz singers
American soul singers
American movie actors
Singers from Cleveland, Ohio
Actors from Cleveland, Ohio
Nicolás Leoz Almirón (10 September 1928 – 28 August 2019) was a Paraguayan-Colombian sports executive. He was the President of CONMEBOL (South American Football Confederation) from 1986 to 2013. On April 23, 2013, Leoz resigned from both the FIFA Executive Committee and the CONMEBOL presidency, citing health issues.

Leoz died on 28 August 2019 of cardiac arrest while under house arrest in Asunción, Paraguay at the age of 90.

References

Other websites
 FIFA.COM 

1928 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Paraguayan people
Colombian people
FIFA
Guy David Innes-Ker, 10th Duke of Roxburghe (18 November 1954 – 29 August 2019), styled Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford until 1974, was a British aristocrat. He was a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers and a Freeman of the City of London. He was the Duke of Roxburghe from 1974 until his death. He was also the Premier Baronet of Scotland, and the 30th feudal baron of Innes.

In 2009, Innes-Ker was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. He died from the disease on 29 August 2019 at his home in Floors Castle in Kelso, Roxburghshire at the age of 64.

Titles and styles
 18 November 1954 – 26 September 1974: Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford
 26 September 1974 – 29 August 2019: His Grace The Duke of Roxburghe

References

Other websites
Floors Castle website
Ted Innes Ker professional travel website 
 Paul Theroff. "Roxburghe" in An Online Gotha Section Two.
 Duke sets sights on estate expansion - Monday interview: Duke of Roxburghe
Profile, scotsman.com
Profile, geni.com

1954 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from esophageal cancer
Scottish people
Juhani Tapio Antero Kärkinen (28 October 1935 – 29 August 2019) was a Finnish ski jumper. He won a gold medal in the large hill at the 1958 World Ski Championships. He placed eighth in the normal hill at the 1960 Winter Olympics. He was born in Kotka, Finland.

Kärkinen died on 29 August 2019 in Lahti, Finland at the age of 83.

References

1935 births
2019 deaths
Finnish Olympians
Skiers
Veikko Kankkonen (born 5 January 1940) is a retired Finnish ski jumper. He competed at the 1960, 1964 and at the 1968 Winter Olympics. He won two medals in 1964 with a gold in the individual normal hill and a silver in the individual large hill event. He was born in Sotkamo, Finland.

Kankkonen won the Holmenkollen medal (shared with Eero Mäntyranta, Georg Thoma, and Halvor Næs).

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 Holmenkollen medalists – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file 
 Holmenkollen winners since 1892 – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file 

1940 births
Living people
Olympic gold medalists
Finnish Olympic silver medalists
Skiers
Halvor Næs (born 19 April 1928) is a Norwegian former ski jumper. He competed in the 1950s. His only victory was in 1953 and he finished fifth in the individual large hill event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. He was born in Trysil. Næs was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Eero Mäntyranta, and Georg Thoma).

References

1928 births
Living people
Skiers
Norwegian Olympians
Georg Thoma (born 20 August 1937) is a retired German Nordic combined skier and ski jumper. He won a gold medal at the 1960 Olympics. At the 1964 Olympics, he won a bronze medal and was the Olympic flag bearer for Germany at the opening ceremony. He further won the world championships title in 1966.

Thoma was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Eero Mäntyranta, and Halvor Næs).

Thoma was born in Hinterzarten, Germany.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
  – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file 
  – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file 

1937 births
Living people
German Olympic gold medalists
German Olympic bronze medalists
Skiers
Vladimir Veličković (; 11 August 1935 – 29 August 2019) was a Serbian painter. He was born in Belgrade, then-Yugoslavia.

In 1987, he won the Herder Prize. In 1985, he became a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. In 2005, he became a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. In 2017 he signed the Declaration on the Common Language of the Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks and Montenegrins. His paintings were exhibited in many countries in Europe and Americas starting in 1951.

Veličković died on 29 August 2019 at a hospital in Split, Croatia from congestive heart failure at the age of 84.

References

Other websites

 Two films about Velickovic
  Official Website
Vladimir Veličković on Artefacts.net
Vladimir Veličković on Karaart.com
Publications on Vladimir Veličković
Vladimir Veličković  (French)
galerie anne-marie et roland pallade 

1935 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Painters
Educators
People from Belgrade
The Alvord Desert is a desert located in Harney County, in southeastern Oregon in the western United States.  It is roughly southeast of Steens Mountain.  The Alvord Desert is a  dry lake bed and averages  of rain a year.  

Two mountain ranges separate it from the Pacific Ocean—the Coast Range, and the Cascade Mountains. The Alvord Desert is at an elevation of about .

References

Geography of Oregon
Deserts
PROSOCO is a national manufacturer of special construction chemical products for cleaning, protecting and maintaining concrete. It was created in 1937. PROSOCO's production and warehouse building, and corporate headquarters are in Lawrence, Kansas; construction on that building started in 1998.

The company has 100-250 employees.

History

PROSOCO was created in 1937. It was first called the Process Solvent Company. It was first a company in Kansas City that made special cleaning products and engine products for the car and railroad industries. Because the construction industry grew in the 1950s, Process Solvent Company starting making construction and building maintenance products. In 1967, the Process Solvent Company filed to trademark "PSC", which made it shorter to call the company.

PROSOCO has been involved with some famous buildings including the United States Capitol Building.

Awards 
In 2015, the company received an award Building Green's top-10 products.

Product 
PROSOCO has 4 brands: R-Guard, Sure Klean, Consolideck and Anchoring Systems.

References

Other websites
PROSOCO official website

20th-century establishments in Kansas
1937 establishments in the United States
American technology companies
Lawrence, Kansas
Companies based in Kansas
Mortal Kombat is a series of fighting video games. It is known for having a very high level of violence, blood, and gore. The first game was so violent and bloody compared to other video games at the time that it was one of the games mentioned in the 1993 congressional hearings on video games. This later led to the ESRB rating system. Unsurprisingly, most games in the series are rated M for Mature, which means that the game cannot legally be sold to anyone under the age of 17 in most stores in the United States.

Guest fighters
Starting with the 2011 video game, well-known characters serve as guests for the games. Due to legal constraints, they only appear only in one game. There are two guests in MK9, four guests in MKX and five guests in MK11.
 Kratos (God of War/MK9 PlayStation ports)
 Freddy Krueger (A Nightmare on Elm Street/MK9)
 Jason Voorhees (Friday the 13th/MKX)
 Predator (Predator/MKX)
 Leatherface (The Texas Chainsaw Massacre/MKX)
 Alien (Alien/MKX)
 The Terminator (Terminator/MK11)
 The Joker (Batman/MK11)
 Spawn (Spawn/MK11)
 RoboCop (RoboCop/MK11)
 John Rambo (First Blood/MK11)

1992 video games
1993 video games
Amiga games
Arcade games
DOS games
Fighting games
Game Boy games
Mobile games
Mortal Kombat series
PlayStation games
Science fiction movies
Sega Saturn games
Video game series
Windows games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Sonic the Hedgehog Spinball, commonly shortened to Sonic Spinball, is a 1993 pinball video game. It was created by Sega Technical Institute, and it was published by Sega. It is a spinoff of the Sonic the Hedgehog series. It takes place in the universe of the Sonic the Hedgehog animated series. Players control Sonic the Hedgehog, who must stop Doctor Robotnik from enslaving the population in a big pinball-like machine.

Sonic Spinball was created by the American staff of Sega Technical Institute. This was because the Japanese staff was busy with making Sonic the Hedgehog 3 and Sonic & Knuckles. When Sega management realized that Sonic 3 would not be finshed in time for the 1993 holiday shopping season, they created another Sonic game. The game was quickly designed. It had short time constraints. Most of the work happened in two months. Sonic Spinball was released for the Sega Genesis in November 1993 and for the Game Gear and Master System in 1994.

Sonic Spinball got good and bad reviews. People liked the idea and graphics. They didn't like the controls. A second pinball game, Sonic Pinball Party, was created in 2003. A Sonic Spinball spinning rollercoaster was built in Alton Towers, a British theme park, in 2010.

Release

The game has been rereleased on 11 different consoles. The Genesis version of the game has been rereleased on the Sonic Mega Collection compilation for the Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox and PCs, Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, and multiple iterations of the Sega Smash Pack series of compilations. The Game Gear version is an unlockable game in Sonic Adventure DX: Director's Cut for the GameCube and PC, as well as Sonic Gems Collection for the GameCube and PlayStation 2.

References

Sonic the Hedgehog games
1993 video games
Sega Genesis games
Game Gear games
Master System games
Kansas State Department Board of Education (KSDE) is Kansas's Board of Education. Its headquarters are in Topeka. The board of education that controls the department is a constitutional group created in Article 6 of the Kansas Constitution. The Board helps decide educational policy for the state's primary and secondary schools.

References

More reading
 Kester, D., & Kester, J. (1985). History of the Kansas State Department of Education. Topeka, KS: Kansas Department of Education.
 Throckmorton, A.F. (1967). Kansas Educational Progress: 1858-1967. Topeka, KS: Kansas State Department of Public Instruction.
 Throckmorton, Adel F. (1960). Our Kansas System of Education. Topeka, KS: Kansas State Department of Public Instruction.
 Yudhijit Bhattacharjee, Strategies Evolve as Candidates Prepare for Kansas Board Races. Science 3 February 2006 311: 588-589 DOI 10.1126/science.311.5761.588
 Yudhijit Bhattarcharjee, Evolution Trumps Intelligent Design in Kansas Vote. Science 11 August 2006 313: 743 DOI 10.1126/science.313.5788.743
 AAAS Board of Directors, On the Kansas State Board of Education Decision on the Education of Students in the Science of Evolution and Cosmology. Science 12 November 1999 286: 1297 DOI 10.1126/science.286.5443.1297b

Other websites
KSDE
 
 Kansas School District Boundary Map, KSDE
KGI Online Library
 Kansas State Board of Education Meeting Minutes (1968-present)
 Kansas Educational Directory (1941-present)
 Kansas Education Accountability Report (2000/01-present)
 Other KSDE publications at KGI Online Library 

Controversy
 Kansas education board downplays evolution State school board OKs standards casting doubt on Darwin.
 Kansas Rewrites Science Standards Again
 Letters to the Kansas State Board of Education regarding evolution and science curriculum standards , June 7, 2005
 Kansas board of education scraps standards questioning evolution  

Government of Kansas
Maria Dolors Renau i Manén (15 November 1936 – 29 August 2019) was a Spanish politician. She was a  Deputy and a MEP from 1986 to 1987, as well as as president of Socialist International Women (1999–2003). She was born in Barcelona.

Renau died on 29 August 2019 in Barcelona at the age of 82.

References

1936 births
2019 deaths
Former MEPs
Politicians from Barcelona
MEPs for Spain
Conan the Barbarian (also known as Conan the Cimmerian) is a fictional sword and sorcery hero who began in pulp magazines and has since been adapted to books, comics, several films (including Conan the Barbarian and Conan the Destroyer), television programs (animated and live-action), video games, role-playing games, and other media.

Other websites

 The Works of Robert E. Howard

Fictional characters
Hans Rausing, KBE (25 March 1926 – 30 August 2019) was a Swedish-British businessman. He was founder of Tetra Pak. It is the largest food packaging company in the world. In 1995 he sold his share of the company to his brother, Gad.

In the Forbes world fortune ranking, Rausing was placed at number 83 with an estimated fortune of US$10 billion in 2011. He was the second richest Swedish billionaire in 2013.

Rausing died in London on 30 August 2019 at the age of 93.

References

Other websites
Arcadia Fund
Sussex Community Foundation
Tetra Pak Homepage

1926 births
2019 deaths
British philanthropists
Swedish businesspeople
People from Gothenburg
Businesspeople from London
Udo Schaefer (October 19, 1926 – August 30, 2019) was a German lawyer and a Bahá'í writer. He was born in Heidelberg, Germany. He was known for his writing Bahá'í Ethics in Light of Scripture and Beyond the Clash of Religions: The Emergence of a New Paradigm.

Schaefer died on August 30, 2019 at the age of 92.

Works

References

Other websites
English Books 
English articles 

1926 births
2019 deaths
German writers
Bahá'ís
German lawyers
William Michael Bulger (born February 2, 1934) is an American Democratic politician, lawyer, and educator. He was the President of the Massachusetts Senate from 1978 through 1996, which is the longest in history. He then became president of the University of Massachusetts.

His brother was convicted mob boss James "Whitey" Bulger, who led the Winter Hill Gang. In 2003 he refused to testify in a congressional hearing about communications he had with his then-fugitive brother. Because of that, he was forced to resign from the presidency of the University of Massachusetts.

References

Other websites
 Gitell, Seth.  "Bulger's Denouement." Boston Phoenix December 12, 2002.  Accessed September 11, 2006.
 Billy Bulger
 60 Minutes segment about Bulger, aired in 1992 
 A Profile in Political Power
 

1934 births
Living people
Lawyers from Boston
Educators from Boston, Massachusetts
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Boston, Massachusetts
US Democratic Party politicians
Dorchester is a Boston neighborhood making up more than  in the City of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Originally, Dorchester was a separate town, founded by Puritans who emigrated in 1630. It is Boston's largest neighborhood by far. In the 2010 United States Census, the neighborhood's population was 92,115.

References

Boston, Massachusetts
Toy Story 4 is a 2019 American computer-animated comedy adventure movie produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the fourth and final installment of movie in Pixar's Toy Story series, followed by Lightyear in 2022. 

The movie stars the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Annie Potts, Tony Hale, Keegan-Michael Key, Jordan Peele, Madeleine McGraw, Christina Hendricks, Keanu Reeves, Ally Maki, Jay Hernandez, Lori Alan, and Joan Cusack.

Toy Story 4 premiered on June 11, 2019 in Los Angeles, California and nationwide on June 21, 2019, in RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema, and IMAX. The movie has made $1 billion worldwide, becoming the sixth highest-grossing movie of 2019. The movie received strong positive reviews. In 2020, it won an Academy Award for best animated movie.

References

2019 comedy movies
2010s 3D movies
2010s sequel movies
2019 animated movies
American comedy movies
American sequel movies
Buddy movies
Computer-animated movies
Disney animated movies
Movies composed by Randy Newman
Movies that won the Best Animated Feature Academy Award
Pixar movies
Toy Story
2010s computer-animated movies
"Señorita" is a song by Canadian singer Shawn Mendes and Cuban-American singer Camila Cabello. It is from Mendes' self-titled third studio album.  The song was released on June 21, 2019.  It was written by the two artists along with its producers – Cashmere Cat, WATT, and Benny Blanco – and British artist Charli XCX, Ali Temposi, Magnus Höiberg, and Jack Patterson of the electronic band Clean Bandit.

The song became Mendes' first number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US and Cabello's second, after "Havana".  Mendes previously reached number two on the Hot 100 with "If I Can't Have You" earlier in 2019.

References 

2019 songs
Latin music
The Kyivan Rus Park (in Ukrainian: "Парк Київська Русь") is a cultural, commercial and entertainment complex in Kopachiv village, Obuhivskyi raion. 34 km. from Kyiv, Ukraine. the park was opened in 2008 in a site that restores the Kyiv Kremlin that was the Kremlin of Kyiv in the 5th to 8th century.

Gallery

Related pages 
 Izmailovo Kremlin

Other websites 

 Official website of Kyivan Rus Park

Buildings and structures in Ukraine
Museums in Europe
Architecture
Oleksiy Valeriyovych Honcharuk (; born July 7, 1984) is a Ukrainian politician and lawyer. Honcharuk was the 17th Prime Minister of Ukraine from 29 August 2019 to 4 March 2020. He was the Deputy Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine Zelensky. Honcharuk is the youngest Prime Minister in the modern Ukrainian history.

References

Other websites

 

1984 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Ukraine
Ukrainian lawyers
Anthoine Hubert (22 September 1996 – 31 August 2019) was a French professional racing driver. He was born in Lyon and began his kart racing career in 2006 at age nine. In 2018, he became the GP3 Series champion. At the time of his death in 2019, he raced for BWT Arden.

On 31 August 2019, Hubert was involved in a crash during the Formula 2 feature race at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Stavelot, Belgium. He died of his injuries a short time later. He was 22.

References

Other websites

Official site

1996 births
2019 deaths
Formula Two
Racecar drivers
Road accident deaths
Sportspeople from Lyon
Jukka Jalmari Virtanen (25 July 1933 – 1 September 2019) was a Finnish entertainer and author. He won the Rose d'Or in 1965 for the entertainment program Lumilinna. He starred in the movies Millipilleri, Pähkähullu Suomi and Noin 7 Veljestä. Virtanen was the host of Levyraati from 1980 through 1997. Virtanen was born in Jämsänkoski, Finland.

Virtanen died from prostate cancer on 1 September 2019, aged 86.

References

Other websites

 Jukka Virtasen haastatteluja ja ohjelmia YLEn Elävässä arkistossa
 Arkkipiispalla vieraana Jukka Virtanen: Ihminen ja ihmisen viat (äänite, 2008). 

Finnish entertainers
Finnish movie directors
Finnish movie actors
Songwriters
Television presenters
Novelists
Finnish screenwriters
1933 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Robert Edwin Davie Jr. (born September 30, 1954) is an American football college coach and player. He is the head football coach at New Mexico. He was the head football coach at Notre Dame from 1997 to 2001. He also was an ESPN college football color commentator from 2002 to 2011. Davie was born in Sewickley, Pennsylvania.

References

Other websites
 
 

1954 births
Living people
American football tight ends
American football coaches
American sports commentators
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from New Mexico
On August 31, 2019, multiple people were shot from a vehicle traveling between and in the Texas cities of Odessa and Midland. 

Odessa police announced five deaths (including the shooter) and 21 injuries (including three police), and described the shooter as a white male in his mid-30s, shot and killed by police outside a movie theater as he fired at them again.

References

 

2019 mass shootings
2019 murders in the United States
2010s crimes in Texas
2010s mass shootings in the United States
Attacks on buildings and structures in the United States
August 2019 events
Mass murder in 2019
Mass murder in Texas
Mass shootings in Texas
Murders by firearm in Texas
Alec Holowka (30 October 1983 – 31 August 2019) was a Canadian indie game developer, co-founder of an independent game companies Infinite Ammo, Infinite Fall, and Bit Blot. He was known for collaborating with Derek Yu to create Aquaria and freeware game I'm O.K - A Murder Simulator and with Scott Benson and Bethany Hockenberry to create Night in the Woods. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Controversy and death 
In early August 2019, Holowka was accused of physical and sexual assault by many women including Zoë Quinn. He killed himself on August 31, 2019, aged 35. According to his sister, Holowka had been "battling mood and personality disorders" through his life but "was a victim of abuse".

References

Other websites
 Bit Blot
 Infinite Ammo
 Alec Holowka at MobyGames

1983 births
2019 deaths
People who committed suicide
Canadian businesspeople
Artists
People from Winnipeg