cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Deshret was the name for the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. When joined with the Hedjet, the White Crown of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent. This double crown was called the sekhemti in ancient Egyptian. Deshret was also the name for the desert Red Land on either side of the Nile river.

The Red Crown in Egyptian language hieroglyphs became the vertical letter "n" . The old "n" hieroglyph from the Predynastic Period, and the Old Kingdom was a sign showing ripples in water.

Significance
In mythology, the earth god Geb, the first ruler of Egypt, gave Horus the power to rule over Lower Egypt. The Egyptian pharaohs, who saw themselves as successors of Horus, wore the deshret to show their authority over Lower Egypt. Other gods wore the deshret too, such as the protective serpent goddess Wadjet and the creator-goddess of Sais, Neith, who often is shown wearing the Red Crown.

The Red Crown would later be joined with the White Crown of Upper Egypt to form the Double Crown. This was a symbol to show their rule over the whole country, which they called "The Two Lands".

The Red Land, the deserts and foreign lands around Egypt, was ruled by Seth. The Egyptians saw it as a dangerous confusing place, without laws or any order.

Records of the Red Crown
None of the red crowns have survived. It is not known how the crown was made or what materials were used. It could have been made from copper, reeds, cloth, or even leather.

The Red Crown is often shown in texts, wall carvings and statues. An early example shows a victorious pharaoh wearing the deshret on the Narmer Palette. A text from the reign of Djer records a royal visit to the shrine of the Deshret which may have been at Buto in the Nile delta.

No crown has ever been found buried with any of the pharaohs, even in tombs that have not been robbed. This suggests that the deshret was passed from one king to the next, much as in present day monarchies.

Deshret (vertical letter N) in hieroglyphic writing

References

Related pages
Hedjet - White Crown of Upper Egypt
Pschent - Double Crown of Lower and Upper Egypt

Ancient Egypt
In Hindu mythology, Adi Para Shakti is the Supreme Being. She is the Goddess Parvati, Devi and recognized as Para Brahman (the highest Brahman). In many Shakta texts she is known as "Parma" meaning supreme, and "Satya" meaning truth. The Devi Bhagavatam says that Adi Parashakti is the original creator, observer and destroyer of the whole universe.

References

Hindu gods and goddesses
The Hunting of the Snark (An Agony in 8 Fits) is a nonsense poem written by Lewis Carroll, the pen name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson.

The poem was written from 1874 to 1876. The setting, some creatures, and eight portmanteau words are taken from Carroll's earlier poem Jabberwocky in his children's novel Through the Looking-Glass (1871). The eight words are:  bandersnatch, beamish, frumious, galumphing, jubjub, mimsiest (which previously appeared as mimsy in "Jabberwocky"), outgrabe and uffish.

The first two stanzas contain one of the most famous quotations in nonsense poetry:

"Just the place for a Snark!" the Bellman cried,
As he landed his crew with care;
Supporting each man on the top of the tide
By a finger entwined in his hair.

"Just the place for a Snark! I have said it twice:
That alone should encourage the crew.
Just the place for a Snark! I have said it thrice:
What I tell you three times is true."

The Bellman refers the mediaeval use of a town crier or bellman. He would ring his bell, and shout Oyez, Oyez, Oyez! at set places in a town, and read out proclamations of legal decisions made by courts or the town council. This was necessary because most people were illiterate.

Another curiosity of the poem is that the crew of ten all have occupations beginning with the letter "B".

What I tell you three times is true: The idea of repetition as a grounds for truth is sometimes called the Bellman's theory. That, of course, is humour. All the same, repetition is a recurring trope in many kinds of discussion and argument.

The Hunting of the Snark has been many times adapted for the theatre, and many times referred to in fiction.

References

Other websites

1876
19th-century British poems
Lewis Carroll
Armando Christian Pérez (born January 15, 1981), better known by his stage name Pitbull, is a Cuban-American rapper and singer. He was born in Miami, Florida to parents who are Cuban.

His fourth album, Rebelution (2009), included the hit single "I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)". It was his first internationally popular song. "I know you want me" peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.

References 

Rap musicians from Florida
1891 births
Living people
Grammy Award winners
Latin Grammy Award winners
Ebba Tove Elsa Nilsson (born 29 October 1987), better known by her stage name Tove Lo, is a Swedish singer and songwriter. She was born and raised in Stockholm, Sweden. She graduated from musical magnet school Rytmus Musikergymnasiet. Early in her life she started writing poetry and short stories. She wrote songs for other singers including Icona Pop and Girls Aloud. Lo then began writing songs for herself. She self-released her single "love Ballad" in 2012. Her 2013 single "Habits" reached #3 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2014 she released her debut album "Queen of the Clouds". It peaked at #14 on the Billboard Hot 200.

Discography

 Queen of the Clouds (2014)
 Lady Wood (2016)
 Blue Lips (2017)
 Sunshine Kitty (2019)

References 

Swedish singers
1987 births
Living people
Bisexual people
Amy Andrea Childs (born 7 June 1990) is an English reality television star, model, businesswoman and fashion designer. Childs is best known for appearing in the ITV series The Only Way Is Essex. She appeared on the show for two season. Childs later had her own reality series It's All About Amy. She participated in Celebrity Big Brother in its eighth season.

Childs was born in Barking, London, England. Her parents are Billy and Julie Childs. The family moved to Brentwood, Essex when Childs was six years old. She received diplomas from Brentwood Academy in Beauty Specialist Techniques. In 2010 she joined the cast on the structured reality show The Only Way Is Essex, also called TOWIE. She left TOWIE in May 2011. She was a housemate in the 2011 series of Celebrity Big Brother. She finished in fourth place. In December 2011, she started her own reality show, "It’s All About Amy". She opened her own beauty salon called "Amy Childs Salon" in Essex.

At the 2011 Reality TV Awards, Childs received the "personality of the year award".

References

1990 births
Living people
Businesspeople from London
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
People from the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham
People from Brentwood, Essex
Television personalities from Essex
Television personalities from London
The Only Way Is Essex
Models from London
Mooselookmeguntic Lake is a lake in the western part of Maine.  It is near the border of New Hampshire and the Canadian province of Quebec. It is inside two counties; Franklin and Oxford. It is part of the Androscoggin River watershed. The lake is just a few miles from the Appalachian Trail.

Geography 
Mooselookmeguntic Lake gets water from several rivers. These are the Cupsuptic River, the Rangeley River in Rangeley and the Kennebago River. 

The lake's waters flow out to the southeast, into Upper Richardson Lake.  There is a dam between the two lakes. It raises the level of Mooselookmeguntic Lake about 14 feet. When the dam was built, this connected Mooselookmeguntic with Cupsuptic Lake. The two lakes had been separate before. The new lake is used as a reservoir.

Mooselookmeguntic Lake's deepest part is . Its surface area is . It is the fourth largest lake in Maine. Mooselookmeguntic Lake is 1,467 feet (447 meters) above sea level.

There are two large islands south of Mooselookmeguntic Lake. These are named "Toothaker Island" and "Students Island".

River name 
The name "Mooselookmeguntic" is really an Abnaki word that means "moose feeding place". 

There is a local story that a Native American was hunting moose in the area, and he saw one.  The native had forgotten to load his rifle with ammunition, but shot at the animal anyway.  Thinking he had ruined his rifle, he began yelling at the moose about his bad luck. He said: "Moose, look! My gun stick"! This is only a legend but is told often as history. Because of this, another spelling sometimes used is Mooselookmeguntick Lake.

Mooselookmeguntic Lake is one of the longest place names in the United States. It is tied in third place with Kleinfeltersville, a small town in Pennsylvania. They both have 17 letters.

Fishing 
The lake has a good variety of fishes, and is a popular tourist attraction for fishing.

References

Other websites 

Lakes of the United States
The Franz Beckenbauer Cup is an friendly association football tournament that takes place in Munich, Germany. It was created to honour the German forward, Franz Beckenbauer. The tournament has not been played since 2010. The 2009 and 2011 tournaments were replaced by the Audi Cup.

Results

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011 

Football competitions in Germany
Football in Germany
Sport in Munich
2007 establishments in Germany
2010 disestablishments in Europe
2010s disestablishments in Germany
Dr. William Andrew Horsley Gantt (1892 in Wingina, Virginia – 1980) was an American physiologist and psychologist.  He received a B.S. from the University of North Carolina and a medical degree from University of Virginia. In 1922, while doing a medical residency at University Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, he took a leave of absence to join the American Relief Administration. From 1922-1923 he was Chief at the Petrograd unit in Russia and studied the effect of famine on health. At this time he met Ivan Pavlov. In 1925, he later returned to Petrograd to study under Pavlov at the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Gantt translated many of Pavlov's works. Some of them were "Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes" and "Lectures on Conditioned Reflexes: Conditioned Reflexes and Psychiatry".  He went on to study and publish "Experimental Basis for Neurotic Behavior."  His research earned him the Lasker Award in 1946. He was also nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970.

Gantt founded the Pavlovian Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University under Adolf Meyer. He also founded the Psychophysiological Research Laboratory at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Perry Point, Maryland. In 1953, he was suspended from the VA due to his alleged Communist sympathies. He was later cleared and reinstated. In 1955, he founded the Pavlovian Society and was its president until 1965.

Gantt had many notable friends and associates. Some of them were John Dos Passos, Ogden Nash, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and H. L. Mencken.

1892 births
1980 deaths
People from Virginia
Dongguan (Chinese: 东莞) is a city in Guangdong province, China.

It is in the Pearl River delta. Dongguan borders Guangzhou to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, Shenzhen to the south, and the Pearl River to the west.

Dongguan is an industrial city. It ranks behind only Shenzhen, Shanghai and Suzhou in exports among Chinese cities, with $65.54 billion in shipments.
The city is also home to one of the world's largest shopping malls, the New South China Mall.

There are evidence of people living in Dongguan area 5,000 years ago. But Dongguan only became a city in 1985, and since developed from a farming area to a large production centre.

There were 6,949,800 people living in Dongguan at the end of 2008. Of them, 748,700 were local people and 5,201,100 long-term migrants from other parts of China. At the 2010 Census the population had grown to 8,220,237. The number reached 8.29 million by the end of 2012. The average age of the population was 30.82.

The city is mostly hilly to the east and flat in the west. It has 115.98 kilometres (72.07 miles) of shoreline. The city centre of Dongguan is 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Guangzhou to its north. 90 kilometres (56 mi) from Shenzhen to its south, 87 kilometres from Hong Kong and 89 kilometres from Macau by water transport. It is located at the middle of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen economic corridor, a transportation hub.

Dongguan has a wet subtropical weather, It lies just south of the Tropic of Cancer. The average temperature is 23.3 °C (73.9 °F) over the year with average rainfall of 2,042.6 millimetres (80.42 in).

Dongguan is also a famous hometown for many overseas Chinese, the family origin of over 700,000 people in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau, and over 200,000 nationals living in other countries.

References

Other websites

 HERE! Dongguan - Your English Guide to a Bustling City
Dongguan Expats - Expatacular! - Global Expat Community 
 Hello! Dongguan  A general introduction to the city of DG
www.dongguantoday.com Government funded website, giving a full range of information about Dongguan
 Dongguan Foreign Investment Promotion Bureau 
 Dongguan City Government 
Dongguan Bureau of Foreign Trade & Economic Cooperation  
IATT - International Association for Technology Trade

Cities in China
Guangdong
This list ranks all tall buildings in China that stand at least  tall.

Number of skyscrapers completed each year 
The following table lists the number of buildings that are 150 meters and taller built within the last 15 years:

Current

Under construction

Proposed

On-Hold

Related pages
 List of tallest buildings in the world

References

Other websites 

 SkyscraperCity - China's and the world's skyscrapers, projects and photos

China
China
buildings
Charles "Pete" Conrad, Jr. (June 2, 1930 – July 8, 1999) was an American test pilot, aeronautical engineer and astronaut. During the Apollo 12 flight he became the third man to walk on the Moon.

On August 21, 1965, Conrad flew into space as pilot of Gemini 5. This was the third trip by astronauts in NASA's Project Gemini. The trip lasted until August 29, 1965. Conrad made another spaceflight as command pilot (pilot in charge) of Gemini 11. This was the ninth trip by astronauts in Project Gemini. The trip lasted from September 12, 1966 to September 15, 1966.

Conrad made his third space flight as spacecraft commander (person in charge) of Apollo 12. This was the second trip to land astronauts on the moon. The trip lasted from November 14, 1969 to November 24, 1969.

Conrad flew in space for the fourth time as commander of the Skylab 2 flight. This was the first flight to take astronauts to Skylab, the first space station sent into space by the United States. The trip lasted from May 25, 1973 to June 22, 1973.

Conrad died in a motorcycle crash in Ojai, California on July 8, 1999.

References

Other websites

NASA Biography
Spacefacts biography of Pete Conrad
NYTimes obituary

1930 births
1999 deaths
Apollo astronauts
Scientists from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Road accident deaths in California
American aviators
Princeton University alumni
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Baghlan () is a city in Baghlan Province, Afghanistan.

Related pages 
 Baghlan Province

References 

Cities in Afghanistan
The Netherlands women's national field hockey team is the women's field hockey team that represents the European country of the Netherlands. It is the most successful team in women's field hockey history.

Current squad 
As of 7 December 2014

Honours 

 Olympic Games (3):
 1984, 2008, 2012
 Women's Hockey World Cup (7):
 1974, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1990, 2006, 2014
 World League (1):
 2012–14
 Champions Trophy (6):
 1987, 2000, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011
 European Championships (8):
 1984, 1987, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2011

Other websites 

 Official website

Sport in the Netherlands
Field hockey
Ellen Hoog (born 26 March 1986 in Bloemendaal, North Holland, Netherlands) is a Dutch field hockey midfielder. She currently plays for the Amsterdamsche Hockey & Bandy Club and the Netherlands women's national field hockey team. She first played for the Netherlands in 2004. She has since played in 124 matches and has scored 32 goals.

Hoog is sponsored by Ritual Hockey. Along with teammate Eva de Goede, she modeled with Sports Illustrated in 2013.

Olympic Games
Hoog played for The Netherlands field hockey team in the 2008 Beijing and 2012 London Olympics. The Netherlands team won the gold medal for each year.

References

Other websites
Ritual Hockey

1986 births
Living people
Field hockey players
Sportspeople from North Holland
Eva de Goede (born 23 March 1989 in Zeist, Netherlands) is a Dutch field hockey midfielder. She currently plays for the Netherlands women's national field hockey team. With the Netherlands, she won gold medals in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, as well as in various other tournaments.

Along with her teammate, Ellen Hoog, de Goede has modeled with Sports Illustrated.

References 

1989 births
Living people
Dutch Olympic gold medalists
Dutch Olympic silver medalists
Field hockey players
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
People from Zeist
Sportspeople from Utrecht (province)
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The Messerschmitt Bf 110 is a twin-engine fighter aircraft. It used two Daimler-Benz DB 600 engines. It was designed as a long-range 3-seat escort fighter in 1935. The first prototype flew on May 12, 1936. The plane was used by the German Luftwaffe in the World War II. In Germany it was called Zerstörer (the destroyer). Early in the war Germany had great success with the plane until they attacked Great Britain. In the Battle of Britain the Bf 110C was no match for Britain's Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane fighters. The planes designed as escorts (to bombers) had to be escorted themselves. They were slow in turns which was a major flaw in the design. The Hurricane's could out-turn them and the Spitfires could out-run them. After very heavy losses they were withdrawn from the battle. The Bf 110s were reassigned to other duties. One role they were well suited for was as night fighters. Major Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer, Germany's top night fighter ace, claimed 121 victories flying a Bf 110.

References 

World War II German aircraft
Edward Nipake Natapei Tuta Fanua`araki (17 July 1954 – 27 July 2015) was a politician from Vanuatu.

He was elected Prime Minister of Vanuatu on two separate terms, and was previously the Minister of Foreign Affairs briefly in 1991, the acting President of Vanuatu from 2 March 1999 to 24 March 1999 (during a time in which he was the Speaker of Parliament), and Deputy Prime Minister.

References

1954 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from disease
Government ministers
Presidents of Vanuatu
Prime ministers
Five Nights at Freddy's 4 is a 2015 indie point-and-click survival horror video game designed by Scott Cawthon, and the fourth entry in the Five Nights at Freddy's series. The game was released on Steam on July 23, 2015.

A demo for the game was released to select YouTubers on July 21, 2015, with the full game being released on July 23, 2015. The game was released for Android devices on July 25, 2015.

In this game, you are a child who has to stop 'Nightmare', animatronics from getting into your room and killing you. You can shut doors but they won't stay closed. You must shine your flashlight on the bed so Freddy won't kill you. There is also a minigame where you must have Plushtrap (A small Springtrap) sit on an X.

References

2015 video games
Five Nights at Freddy's (series)
Windows games
IOS games
Mobile games
Atlanta United Football Club is an American soccer team from Atlanta, Georgia that plays in Major League Soccer as a member of the Western Conference since the 2017 season. The team was founded on April 16, 2014, and it is owned by the owner of the Atlanta Falcons of the NFL, Arthur Blank. The team's manager is Gerardo Martino. The team's colors are black, red and gold. The team played their home games at the Bobby Dodd Stadium for the first 6 months but now they play at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium which was completed in August 2017.

References 

Major League Soccer teams
2014 establishments in the United States
Sports in Atlanta, Georgia
21st-century establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
The 2014 Major League Soccer season was the 19th Major League Soccer season. The season had 19 teams (16 from the United States, and 3 from Canada). The Seattle Sounders won the Supporters' Shield, and Los Angeles Galaxy won the MLS Cup. The top scorer was Bradley Wright-Phillips, with 27 goals.

Teams

Results

Eastern conference 

 (EC) = Eastern Conference champions

Western conference 

(WC) = Western Conference champions
(SS) = Supporters Shield champions

Overall table 

The champion of the overall table, which combines the eastern and western conference, is the champion of the Supporters Shield. This table also will show what team will qualify for next years CONCACAF Champions League.

 The Seattle Sounders qualified because they were they won the Supporters Shield and the 2014 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup.
 LA Galaxy qualified because they won the MLS Cup.
 DC Untied qualified because they won a conference championship.
 Because the Seattle Sounders won two titles, and two Canadian teams qualified, the next best American team qualified; which turns out to be Real Salt Lake.
 The Vancouver Whitecaps qualified because, for this season only, the best Canadian team qualified.
 Montreal Impact qualified because they won the 2014 Canadian Championship.

MLS Cup

Statistics

Awards

References 

2014 in association football
The  Timurid Empire was a Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that included all of Uzbekistan, Iran, modern Afghanistan, and modern Central Asia. It also included large parts of modern Pakistan, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. It was formed by the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) of the Timurid dynasty in the 14th century.

Related pages 
 Tamerlane
 Turco-Mongol

References 

History of Islam
Mongol Empire
History of Iran
Medieval Azerbaijan
History of Uzbekistan
1370s establishments
1520s disestablishments in Asia
The 1956–57 Eredivisie was the 1st Eredivisie ever played. AFC Ajax won the tournament. The teams were chosen from the last seasons Netherlands Football League Championship.

Table

References 

Football in the Netherlands
1950s in sports
1956 in Europe
1957 in Europe
1950s in the Netherlands
The 1957–58 European Cup was the 3rd European cup that was won by Real Madrid over AC Milan.

Result

Preliminary round 

|}

Bracket

First round

|}

1 Borussia Dortmund beat CCA București 3–1 in a play-off to qualify for the quarter-finals.

Quarter-finals

|}

Semi-finals

|}

First leg

Second leg

Real Madrid won 4–2 on aggregate.

Milan won 5–2 on aggregate.

Final

Top scorers
The top scorers from the 1957–58 European Cup were as follows:

Other websites 
 Results on uefa.com

UEFA Champions League
1958 in sports
1957 in Europe
1958 in Europe
Samuel Pisar (March 18, 1929 – July 27, 2015) was a Polish-born American lawyer, author, and Holocaust survivor. He used to work at the United Nations. He is considered one of the most influential trade lawyers of our time.

References

Other websites

1929 births
2015 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish writers
Lawyers from New York
Holocaust survivors
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) are marine mammals. They live along the Pacific coast of North America. Their historic range included shallow waters of the Bering Strait. It also included Kamchatka, and as far south as Japan. 

Sea otters have about 26,000 to 165,000 hairs per square centimeters of skin. They have a rich fur for which humans hunted them almost to extinction. By the time the 1911 Fur Seal Treaty gave them protection, so few sea otters remained that the fur trade had become unprofitable. Sea otters eat shellfish and other invertebrates (especially clams, abalone, and sea urchins). 

The otters usually carry a favorite rock in their paws or in a pouch under their forearm. They use it to smash shells open. This makes them one of the few animals that use tools. They grow to  in length and weigh . Although once near extinction, they have begun to spread again, from small populations in California and Alaska. Sea otters are one of the smallest mammals in the ocean.

Sea otters and kelp

Without the sea otters to eat them, there were too many sea urchins.  The sea urchins then began to eat large amounts of kelp.  They ate and killed so many kelp plants that they turn kelp forests into desert-like places called urchin barrens. The fish, krill and other animals that lived in the kelp either died or left.  In some places where sea otters have returned, like Juan de Fuca Strait, they ate enough sea urchins that the kelp forests grew back.

Sea otters and people

Sea otters catch the same shellfish, sea urchins, crabs, clams, and abalone, that indigenous peoples in Alaska and Canada need to eat. In May 2020, scientists from Simon Fraser University said in a report that more sea otters in northwestern North America would live if indigenous communities had more freedom to make decisions about them and to make plans based on traditional knowledge of sea otters, mixing in modern Western scientific methods as needed.

References 

Mustelids
Henning Mankell (3 February 1948 – 5 October 2015) was a Swedish writer. He was born in Stockholm. He wrote stories both for the theatre as well as books and television series. He is best known for a series of crime novels, starring a character he created, inspector Kurt Wallander. 

Mankell died of throat and lung cancer in Gothenburg, Sweden on 5 October 2015 at the age of 67.

References 

1948 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Sweden
Children's writers
Swedish novelists
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish playwrights
Television writers
Six Flags St. Louis is a theme park in Eureka, Missouri, United States.

Six Flags amusement parks
Missouri
Theme parks in the United States
State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping () is the national Chinese institute of geodesy and cartography. It is in Beijing, China.

Other websites 
 Official website 
 Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping 

Beijing
National mapping agencies
People's Republic of China
The National Institute of Geographic and Forestry Information is the national French organization of mapping, geodesy and cartography. It was established in 1940 in Paris, France.

Other websites 

 Official site 
 IGN Fortresses history (in French) 

1940 establishments in France
National mapping agencies
Geography of France
Paris
The Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography (Rosreestr; ) is the Russian federal agency of geodesy, cartography and real estate. It was established in 2008 in Moscow after the closure of the previous organization that was established during the Soviet period.

Other websites 
  The Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography 

Moscow
National mapping agencies
2008 establishments in Asia
Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom is an American amusement and water park owned and operated by Cedar Fair and located in between Allentown, Pennsylvania and Emmaus, Pennsylvania.

History 
Dorney Park traces its history to 1860, when Solomon Dorney built a trout hatchery and summer resort on his estate outside of Allentown. In 1870, Dorney decided to convert the estate into a public attraction. Initially, the facility featured games, playground-style rides, refreshment stands, picnic groves, a hotel, and a restaurant. By the 1880s, Dorney had added a small zoo, and gardens.

Halloween Haunt 

Halloween Haunt is an annual event that is held from September to October. The park hires around 700 people for this event. It was originally introduced in 1998 as Halloweekends, but was rebranded Halloween Haunt in 2008.

Current attractions 
Halloween Haunt currently features 10 attractions including seven mazes and three scare zones, as well as roaming Street Talent sliders and actors, and two live mainstage shows (Blood Drums and Overlord's Resurrection).

Attraction history

References 

Theme parks in the United States
Buildings and structures in Pennsylvania
1884 establishments in the United States
Allentown, Pennsylvania
1880s establishments in Pennsylvania
Mel Martinez (born October 23, 1946) is an American politician. He represented Florida in the United States Senate from 2005 until 2009. He was the 12th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. He is a Republican.

Martinez was born on October 23, 1946 in Sagua La Grande, Cuba. He graduated from Florida State University. He is married to Kitty Martínez. They have three children.

References

Other websites

1946 births
Living people
United States senators from Florida
US Republican Party politicians
United States Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development
Mitch Daniels (born April 7, 1949) is an American politician. He served as the 49th Governor of Indiana from 2005 to 2013. He was the Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2001 until 2003. He is a Republican.

Daniels was born on April 7, 1949 in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. He studied at Princeton University and at Georgetown University. He is married to Cheri Herman.

References

Other websites

1949 births
Living people
Directors of the Office of Management and Budget
US Republican Party politicians
Governors of Indiana
Princeton University alumni
The 2014–15 Eredivisie was the 59th Eredivisie tournament. PSV Eindhoven won the tournament, ending AFC Ajax's winning streak that was going since 2011.

Table

Play-offs

European competition play-offs 

Because Vitesse won the play-offs, they then qualified for the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League third qualifying round.

Relegation play-offs 

Two teams from the 2014–15 Eredivisie and eight from the 2014–15 Eerste Divisie participated in these play-offs. In the end, De Graafschap and Roda JC Kerkrade won the play-offs, meaning that they move on to the 2015–16 Eredivisie, the two teams from the Eredivisie are relegated, and the six other teams remain in the Eerste Divisie.

References 

2014 in association football
2015 in association football
Football in the Netherlands
2014 in Europe
2015 in Europe
2010s in the Netherlands
Cathy McMorris Rodgers (born May 22, 1969) is the U.S. Representative for Washington's 5th congressional district since 2005. She chairs the Republican Conference of the United States House of Representatives, and was the vice-chair of the House Republican Conference from 2009 to 2013. McMorris Rodgers is a member of the Republican Party.

McMorris Rodgers was born on May 22, 1969 in Salem, Oregon. She studied at Pensacola Christian College and at University of Washington. She is married to Brian Rodgers. They have three children.

References

Other websites

 Cathy McMorris Rodgers, U.S. Representative, Home Page

1969 births
Living people
People from Salem, Oregon
United States representatives from Washington
US Republican Party politicians
The 2016 presidential campaign of Jim Gilmore, the 68th Governor of Virginia, was filed with the FEC on July 29, 2015. He made an official launch of his campaign on July 30, 2015. It was headquartered in Henrico, Virginia. He withdrew on February 12, 2016 due to poor polling numbers.

References

Gilmore
Jan Jerzy Kulczyk (24 June 1950 – 28 July 2015) was a Polish businessman. He was the founder and owner of Kulczyk Holding (headquartered in Warsaw) and international investment house Kulczyk Investments. He was the richest man in Poland.

Kulczyk died on 28 July 2015 at the age of 65 due to surgery complications in Vienna.

References

Other websites

1950 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
Polish businesspeople
The Governor of Arizona is the head of the executive branch of Arizona's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

List of Governors

Notes

References
The Winning Team is a 1952 biographical movie directed by Lewis Seiler. It is about the life of major league pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander. It stars Ronald Reagan, Doris Day, and Russ Tamblyn. It was released on June 20, 1952.

1952 movies
American biographical movies
Movies directed by Lewis Seiler
George Chakiris (born September 16, 1934) is an American dancer, singer and actor. He is best known for his appearance in the movie version of West Side Story as Bernardo, the leader of the Sharks gang.

Other websites
 

Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
1934 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American dancers
Actors from Ohio
Singers from Ohio
SHeDAISY  is an American country music group. They were founded in the late 1980s by sisters Kristyn, Kelsi and Kassidy Osborn. They are from Magna, Utah. The group's name comes from the word shideezhí, a Navajo term meaning "my little sister".

The trio began their careers as The Osborn Sisters. They were signed to the Nashville division of RCA Records. The group recorded an album that was never released. By 1999 the sisters renamed the group SHeDAISY and signed to Lyric Street Records. Their first album, The Whole SHeBANG, was released that year. The single "Little Good-Byes" from that album charted number three on the country charts. It was certified platinum in the United States. SHeDAISY has charted 15 times on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. Their hits include "Little Good-Byes," "This Woman Needs", "I Will… But", "Don't Worry 'bout a Thing", and two Christmas singles.

Discography
Studio albums
 The Whole SheBANG (1999)
 Knock on the Sky (2002)
 Sweet Right Here (2004)
 Fortuneteller's Melody (2006)

References

Other websites 
 SHeDAISY - Little Good-Byes; YouTube

1989 establishments in the United States
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
Country bands
Musical groups established in 1989
Musical groups from Utah
Musical trios
Extravehicular activity (EVA) is when an astronaut or cosmonaut gets out of a spacecraft in outer space, then gets back in. "Extravehicular activity" usually refers to a spacewalk outside a spacecraft orbiting the Earth, but can also refer to a moonwalk on the surface of the Moon. Three Apollo astronauts made spacewalks between the Earth and the Moon while their spacecraft were returning to Earth.

Astronauts from Russia, the United States and China have done EVAs.

First spacewalks
Alexey Leonov, a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union, made the first spacewalk on March 18, 1965. He spent 12 minutes outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft. The first American to make a spacewalk was Edward H. White, II, who spent 36 minutes outside the Gemini 4 spacecraft on June 3, 1965.

The first moonwalk was made by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on July 21, 1969 (UTC), during the Apollo 11 trip to the Moon. This first Moon walk lasted for 2 hours and 32 minutes. Twelve human beings have walked on the surface of the Moon.

Later history

In 1973, astronauts made spacewalks to repair Skylab, the first space station sent into space by the United States. Skylab had been damaged while it was being launched into space. Many spacewalks were made to build the International Space Station (ISS). Spacewalks are still made to maintain the ISS and fix it when there is a problem.

Related pages
 Space suit

References

Other websites

 NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project Walking to Olympus: An EVA Chronology

Spaceflight
Six Flags Over Texas is a theme park in Arlington, Texas

References

Other websites

 Six Flags Over Texas official website
 Guide to Six Flags Over Texas - Unofficial Guide to the Park
 Amusement Planet
 Parktimes.com - Website focusing on the historical aspect of SFoT
 

Six Flags amusement parks
Texas
Theme parks in the United States
Arlington, Texas
1961 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Texas
John Andrew Smoltz, nicknamed "Smoltzie" and "Marmaduke", is an American former pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball played from 1988 to 2009. All but the last year was with the Atlanta Braves.

Atlanta Braves players
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alena "Ája" Vrzáňová () (also Zanová, married name:  Steindler) (16 May 1931 – 30 July 2015), was a Czech figure skater who represented Czechoslovakia in competition. Vrzáňová is the 1949 & 1950 World champion and 1950 European champion.  She was born in Prague.

Vrzáňová died suddenly on 30 July 2015 in New York City at the age of 84 while in exile.

References

Other websites

 Sports-reference profile

1931 births
2015 deaths
Czechoslovak people
Sportspeople from Prague
Figure skaters
Augustin "Gustav" Bubník (21 November 1928 in Prague, Czechoslovakia – 18 April 2017 in Prague, Czech Republic) was a retired ice hockey player for the Czechoslovak national team. He won a silver medal at the 1948 Winter Olympics. He also played in the 1947 and 1949 World Championships. Czechoslovakia won both.

He later worked as ice hockey coach and was elected as MP to the lower chamber of Czech Parliament from the Civic Democratic Party. He also worked as ice hockey coach of the Finnish National Team from 1966 to 1969, and was later inducted to the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame.

References

1928 births
2017 deaths
Czech ice hockey players
Sportspeople from Prague
Mario Gianluigi Puzo (; ; October 15, 1920 – July 2, 1999) was an American author and screenwriter. He was born in Manhattan, New York City.

He is known for his novels about the Mafia, including The Godfather (1969), which was later made into a movie by Francis Ford Coppola. He won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay in both 1972 and 1974.

Puzo died of heart failure in West Bay Shore, New York, aged 78.

Other websites
 FreshAir Interview – Audio interview from Fresh Air. Originally broadcast July 25, 1996.
 Mario Puzo at the Internet Movie Database
 Mario Puzo Books
 The Official Mario Puzo Library
 "Saying Goodbye to Mario Puzo", an affectionate recollection of Mario Puzo written by his friend Jules Siegel on being notified of his death.

1920 births
1999 deaths
Academy Award winners
American novelists
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York
Deaths from heart failure
Golden Globe Award winners
Screenwriters from New York City
Writers from Manhattan
Noel Darleen Neill (November 25, 1920  July 3, 2016) was an American actress in motion pictures and television.  She is known for her portrayal of Lois Lane in the movie serials Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950), as well as the 1950s television series Adventures of Superman.

Following an extended illness, Neill died at age 95 on July 3, 2016 in Tucson, Arizona.

Other websites
 

1920 births
2016 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Minneapolis, Minnesota
The Parallax View is a 1974 American thriller movie directed by Alan J. Pakula. It was written by Lorenzo Semple Jr.. It stars Warren Beatty, Hume Cronyn, William Daniels, Paula Prentiss, Richard Bull, and Kenneth Mars. It was released to positive reviews on June 14, 1974.

1974 thriller movies
American thriller movies
Movies directed by Alan J. Pakula
Paramount Pictures movies
Breckland District is a local government district in Norfolk, England. About 135,000 people live there. It was created on 1 April 1974. Its council is based in East Dereham.

Breckland District gets its name from the Breckland landscape region. That is a gorse-covered sandy heath of south Norfolk and north Suffolk. The term Breckland is ancient. It is found as early as the 13th century in the form Brakelond.

Breckland
1974 establishments in England
All Saints might mean:

All Saints (group)
All Saints' Day
All Saints Church, Gothenburg
All Saints Church, Lund
All Saints DLR station
Baía de Todos os Santos, also called All Saints' Bay
Tribute to Jerusalem is a permanent sculpture in Holland Square, near Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is at the corner of Kiryat Yovel Street and Ein Karem. The sculpture's popular nickname is "the red sculpture". The sculpture stands at a view point overlooking the Jerusalem Forest and Ein Kerem. The sculpture was made in 1977 by Alexander Calder.

Other websites 

Sculptures
Buildings and structures in Jerusalem
The Jerusalem Forest is a pine forest located in the Judean Mountains west of Jerusalem. It is surrounded by the neighborhoods Beit HaKerem, Yefe Nof, Ein Kerem, Har Nof, Givat Shaul, and a moshav, Beit Zeit.

Related pages
List of forests in Israel 
Eshtaol Forest
Yatir Forest
Jewish National Fund

Forests
Geography of Israel
Jerusalem
North Norfolk is a local government district in Norfolk, United Kingdom. It was created on 1 April 1974. About 105,000 people live there. Its council is based in Cromer.

North Norfolk
1974 establishments in England
Independence Day of Israel (;    lit. "Independence Day") is the national day of Israel. It celebrates the day of the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel at the end of British Mandate of Palestine. It occurs on the fifth day of Iyar in the Hebrew calendar, which is between the months of April and May.

Independence Day begins with a ceremony held in Mount Herzl Plaza in Jerusalem. It begins at midnight. The ceremony also ends Yom Hazikaron. A fire is lit.

Other websites 

 Israeli Knesset page on Yom Ha'aztmaut
 Study Sheet for Yom HaAtzmaut: the Passover Hagada and Israel's Declaration of Independence 
 Conservative Movement's Al HaNisim for Yom Haatzmaut
 Rabbi Eliezer Melamed, Peninei Halachah - Zmanim, Yom HaAtzmaut 
  the Israeli Independence Day ceremony in Jewish National Fund website

Israeli culture
Holidays
The Judge is a 2014 American crime drama movie directed by David Dobkin.

Plot
It is about a Chicago lawyer, Hank Palmer, coming home to Indiana after his mother dies. Soon afterwards, his father, Joseph Palmer, a judge, is accused of killing someone in a hit and run accident with the son quickly defending his father even though they have relationship issues.

Cast
 Robert Downey, Jr. as Henry "Hank" Palmer 
 Robert Duvall as Judge Joseph Palmer  
 Vera Farmiga as Samantha "Sam" Powell
 Vincent D'Onofrio as Glen Palmer
 Jeremy Strong as Dale Palmer 
 Billy Bob Thornton as Dwight Dickham 
 Dax Shepard as Attorney C.P Kennedy
 Ken Howard as Judge Warren

Reception
The movie received mixed reviews. It got a 47% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Critics liked Duvall's performance as Palmer. Duvall was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for his role.

References

Other websites
 

2014 crime movies
2014 drama movies
2010s crime drama movies
2010s legal movies
American crime drama movies
American legal movies
English-language movies
Indiana in fiction
Movies set in Chicago, Illinois
Warner Bros. movies
Alan Stuart Cheuse (January 23, 1940 – July 31, 2015) was an American writer and critic. He worked for the New Yorker and appeared on several segments on radio. Cheuse was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey.

Cheuse was involved in a car accident on July 14, 2015 on California State Route 17 while driving from Nevada City to Santa Cruz, California. He was reported to be in a coma on July 20, 2015 with injuries including fractured ribs, cervical vertebrae, and an acute subdural hematoma. He died on July 31, 2015 from his injuries at the age of 75 in San Jose, California.

References

Other websites

Alan Cheuse's official website
 George Mason profile 
Littoral  interview with Alan Cheuse about his novel To Catch the Lightning, (2008) 
Public radio interview with Alan Cheuse about historical fiction and his novel To Catch the Lightning, (2008)
 Tennessee Writers Project biography 
Alan Cheuse bio at NPR
Santa Fe Writers Project
Alan Cheuse on 'Song of Slaves in the Desert' 

1940 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from subdural hematoma
Critics
Road accident deaths in California
People from Perth Amboy, New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
Trey Gowdy (born August 22, 1964) is an American politician. In 2011, he became the U.S. Representative for South Carolina's 4th congressional district. He chaired the House Benghazi Committee. Gowdy is a member of the Republican Party.

Gowdy was born on August 22, 1964 in Greenville, South Carolina. In 1982 he graduated from Spartanburg High School, Spartanburg, South Carolina. In 1986 he graduated from Baylor University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Gowdy graduated from University of South Carolina School of Law. He was an assistant U.S. attorney from 1994 to 2000. Gowdy was then elected state district attorney in South Carolina. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 2010. On May 4, 2015 he was named to head the special House panel to investigate the 2012 Benghazi attack. He is married to Terri Gowdy. They have two children.

On January 31, 2018, Gowdy announced he would not seek re-election in 2018 and that he intends to pursue a legal career instead of politics.

References

Other websites

 Trey Gowdy, U.S. Representative, Home Page 

1964 births
Living people
People from Spartanburg, South Carolina
People from Greenville, South Carolina
United States representatives from South Carolina
US Republican Party politicians
South Carolina Republicans
Henry Fairfield Osborn, Sr. FRS (August 8, 1857 – November 6, 1935) was an American geologist, paleontologist, and eugenist, and the president of the American Museum of Natural History for 25 years.

Osborn was one of the great dinosaur fossil hunters in the late 19th century. Osborn got a Sc.D. in paleontology from Princeton, and was Professor of Comparative Anatomy there  from 1883–1890. In 1891, Osborn was hired by Columbia University as a professor of zoology. At the same time, he got a position at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. He served there as the curator of a newly formed Department of Vertebrate Paleontology.

Osborn named Tyrannosaurus rex and Velociraptor, and many other dinosaurs. His biographer Ronald Rainger said he was "a first-rate science administrator and a third-rate scientist". Under his leadership, staff of the American Museum of Natural History worked on displays. The museum became one of the top exhibitions in the early twentieth century. As a result, the murals, habitat dioramas, and dinosaur mounts attracted millions of visitors, and inspired other museums to imitate. His decision to invest heavily in exhibitions angered curators, who hoped to spend more time on their own research.

References 

1857 births
1935 deaths
American geologists
American paleontologists
Eugenics
People from Connecticut
Princeton University alumni
Fairfield, Connecticut
Six Flags America is a theme park in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.

Other websites

Six Flags America official website

Six Flags amusement parks
Maryland
1974 establishments in the United States
Theme parks in the United States
20th-century establishments in Maryland
Seeing pink elephants is a figure of speech, that is used to describe a hallucination which is caused by alcohol, or delirium tremens. Jack London was among the first to use the term, in 1913. In the autobiographical novel John Barleycorn, he describes one kind of alcoholic,  as "the man whom we all know, stupid, unimaginative, whose brain is bitten numbly by numb maggots; who walks generously with wide-spread, tentative legs, falls frequently in the gutter, and who sees, in the extremity of his ecstasy, blue mice and pink elephants. He is the type that gives rise to the jokes in the funny papers."  A reference to pink elephants occurs in the 1941 Disney animated film Dumbo. Dumbo, takes a drink of water from a bucket spiked with champagne and  begins to hallucinate singing and dancing elephants in a segment known as "Pink Elephants on Parade".

Pink elephants do exist in nature, as it is possible for albino elephants to be pink, as well as white.

References

Figures of speech
Literary terms
Fictional animals
Karim Findi(1946 Dahuk  - Kurdistan Region - Iraq) author and Kurdish writer. <div>In 1974 graduated at University of Mosul – English Department. 

He has a lot of books in many subject such as politics, geography, language, literature, history in different language English, Kurdish, Arabic.

It was one of the founders of the Kurdistan Journalists Syndicate.

Was a chief Editor of Karwan Magazine, a secretary of Karwan Academic magazine and a chief Editor of Dijla magazine the first Latin Lettered Magazine,issued by Ministry of culture, Kurdistan Region.

References 

1946 births
Living people
Kurdish people