cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Geoffrey James "Geoff" Nicholls (28 February 1948 – 28 January 2017) was a British musician and keyboardist. He was best known as a member of the heavy metal band Black Sabbath. He did not perform with the band after 2004. He was born in Birmingham.

Nicholls died from lung cancer on 28 January 2017 at the age of 68.

References

1948 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in England
Deaths from lung cancer
English rock musicians
Heavy metal musicians
Keyboardists
Musicians from Birmingham
Insular Italy ( or just ) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a NUTS1 level region.

Insular Italy is defined only for statistical and for some elections and includes the two main Italian islands: Sicily and Sardinia, together with other small islands and archipelagos next to them.

Geography
Sicily is the largest Mediterranean island with an area of . To the east, it is separated from the Italian mainland by the Strait of Messina, about  wide in the north, and about  wide in the southern part. Its highest point is Mount Etna (), the largest active volcano in Europe with an altitude of . The longest river of the island is the Salso river,  long.

Sardinia is the second largest Mediterranean island with an area of . To the east is the Tyrrhenian Sea that separates the island from mainland Italy, and to the north is the Strait of Bonifacio that separates Sardinia from the French island of Corsica. Its highest point is Punta La Marmora () with an altitude of . The longest river of the island is the Tirso river,  long.

Regions
Insular Italy has 2 of the 20 regions of Italy, including 24 provinces and 1,789  comuniː

The comuni with more than 100,000 persons living in them areː

Related pages
 NUTS level 1:
 Northwest Italy
 Northeast Italy
 Central Italy
 South Italy
 Insular Italy
 Northern Italy
 Southern Italy

References

Geography of Italy
Gerardus Willem "Wim" Anderiesen Jr. (2 September 1931 – 27 January 2017) was a Dutch footballer. He played as a defender at club level from the early-1950s to the mid-1960s. He played for Ajax from 1951 to 1961. He later played for Holland Sport.

Anderiesen was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. He was the son of and named after Wim Anderiesen (1903–1944). He died on 27 January 2017 in Heerhugowaard at the age of 85.

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Amsterdam
The Tirso () is the most important river of Sardinia for its length ad the size of its drainage basin. It starts on the mountains of the centre of the island and ends in the Mediterranean Sea.

Name 
The river was known in Sardinia as riu de Aristanis ("river of Oristano") or, simply, riu Mannu (the "big river"). The name Tirso began to be used in modern times following Ptolemy that named it in ancient times as "Thyrsos" (, "mouth of the Tirso river").

Geography 

The Tirso river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) depends of the season; its average discharge is  but is very low during summer.

Course 
The Tirso river starts in the Buddusò plateau, on the slopes of Punta Pianedda, at an elevation of about , to the north of the comune of Bitti. From here, the river flows to the southwest.

Finally, after , it flows into the Gulf of Oristano in the Sea of Sardinia (Mediterranean Sea). The river enters the sea at about  to the north of the city of Oristano.

The river forms the "Omodeo lake", an artificial lake that is  long and  wide; it is one of largest artificial lake in Italy.

It flows through 81 comuni.

Main tributaries 
Most tributaries of the Tirso are small streams; the main tributaries are:
 Taloro, the main tributary,  long and a drainage basin of ; and
 Massari, the second largest tributary,  long and a drainage basin of .

Both rivers are left tributaries of the Tirso.

Related pages
 List of rivers of Italy

References

Other websites
 Zerphaliu: Il fiume Tirso 

Sardinia
Rivers of Italy
Theodorus Johannes Franciscus "Theo" Brokmann Jr. (born 3 July 1922) is a Dutch former footballer. He played as a striker. He played for Ajax from 1939 to 1951.

Brokmann was born in Amsterdam, North Holland. He was the son of and named after Theo Brokmann (1893–1956).

References

1922 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Amsterdam
Sir Francis Christopher Buchan Bland (29 May 1938 – 28 January 2017) was a British businessman and politician. He was born in Yokohama, Japan.

He was deputy chairman of the Independent Television Authority (1972), which was renamed the Independent Broadcasting Authority in the same year, and chairman of London Weekend Television (1984) and of the Board of Governors of the BBC (1996 to 2001), when he took up a position as chairman of British Telecommunications plc.  He left his position with BT in September 2007.

Before leaving BT, he became chairman of the Royal Shakespeare Company, in 2004.

Bland died on 28 January 2017 in Clanville, Hampshire from complications of prostate cancer, aged 78.

References

1938 births
2017 deaths
BBC
British businesspeople
British politicians
Cancer deaths in England
Deaths from prostate cancer
People from Yokohama
The Number One Observatory Circle is the official residence of the vice president of the United States. The Victorian house sits on the grounds of the United States Naval Observatory on Massachusetts Avenue just north of the British Embassy. It has been the residence of the vice president since 1974.

References

Other websites 
 Number One Observatory Circle; YouTube

Buildings and structures in Washington, D.C.
Weitnau is a municipality in the rural district Oberallgäu in Bavaria/Germany. Since 2008 Alexander Streicher has been the mayor. Weitnau has been twinned with Magné in France since 1986. Weitnau is in the foothills of the Allgäu Alps.

References 

Oberallgäu
Andreas Sparman or  Andreas Palmcron (1609 – November 30, 1658) was a Swedish doctor. He was the personal physician to Queen Christina and King Charles X Gustav of Sweden. He is most known for his book, Sundhetzens Speghel, which is considered to be the best medical book of the century, and is sometimes considered to be the first Swedish cookbook.

Life 

Andreas Sparman was born Andreas Schomerus in Sparrsätra parish, Uppsala County, Sweden.  He died in 
Stockholm.  When he wrote his dissertation in 1629, he used the name "Schomerus", but later changed his name to Sparrman, for his birthplace. He was knighted in 1647 with the name Palmcron.

Sparman's father was Nikolaus Olai.  His mother was Susanna Andersdotter.  His first wife was Helena Isaksdotter.  His second wife was Susanna Lilliecrona.  He had a daughter, Brita Susanna Palmkron, with his second wife.

Sparman studied medicine in the city of Leiden, in the Netherlands.  After he returned to Sweden he became the city doctor for Stockholm.  Later, he was the personal doctor to Queen Christina and Charles X Gustav of Sweden.

Books 

In connection with the plague epidemic in 1638, Sparman wrote an educational book about the plague. It was a summary of how to prevent and treat the disease. It was published again during plague epidemics in 1652 and 1710. 

In 1642, Sparman wrote the most complete book ever published about preventive health care, Sundhetzen's Speghel, uthi hwilken man beskodhar Sundhetzens Natur,... or "Mirror of Health, from which one may learn the nature of health, the principle causes of all diseases which chiefly undermine health, together with the remedies which deliver us from them". 
  It is considered the best läkebok or medical book of the century.  Part of the book is written in the form of the alexandrine French poetry meter. It was probably based on some foreign works.  Sparman's book warned about the medical dangers of alcohol.

Because of the severe rödsots or dysentery epidemics, in 1652 Sparman wrote about how to prevent dysentery.

Sparman also translated the hymns of the Psalms.  He got permission to publish them, but they were never published.

Other websites 

 Sundhetzens Speghel Digital scan of 1686 edition.
 Sundhetzens Speghel on WorldCat
 Other works on WorldCat.

References  

Swedish writers
Swedish physicians
1609 births
1658 deaths
Elkin Fernando Ramírez Zapata (26 October 1962 – 29 January 2017) was a Colombian singer-songwriter. He was best known as the lead singer of the rock band Kraken. He was also a member to bands such as Kripzy (1981–1982) and Ferrotrack (1983–1984). He joined Kraken in 1985. He was born in Medellín, Antioquia.

Ramírez died from brain cancer on 29 January 2017 in Medellín. He was 54.

References

1962 births
2017 deaths
Colombian singers
Deaths from brain cancer
Rock singers
Singer-songwriters
R-dropping also called non-rhoticity or post vocalic r-lessness happens to English-speakers when the "r" sound is not pronounced after a vowel. Then the words "car" and "card"  both sound like "cah" and "cahd". That happens for most speakers in England and some speakers in the United States, especially in the Boston and New York City areas and pockets of the American South especially the Greater New Orleans area, Virginia's Tidewater region and among speakers of ethnolects such as African American Vernacular English and Cajun English. British and Northeastern r-droppers usually pronounce "r" when the next word begins with a vowel as in "car is". For them, "spa" and "spar" sound alike, Southern, African American and South African r-droppers don't add additional Rs.

The pronunciation of the R is kept in the Scottish, Irish and most of the U.S. and Canada versions of spoken English. The R-droppers include most of England, Wales, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

The issue of how the R is used is called rhoticity by linguists.

Other websites 
wiktionary for rhotic
wiktionary for non-rhotic

Pronunciation
Anne-Marie Colchen-Maillet (8 December 1925 – 26 January 2017) was a French former track and field athlete and women's basketball player. She was born in Le Havre, France.

Career
She became France's first high jump champion at the 1946 European Athletics Championships and held the French record for the event for ten years. She represented France in high jump at the 1948 Summer Olympics. 

In basketball she was the highest scorer at the 1953 FIBA World Championship for Women, helping France to third place. She was a member of the French national team for the European Women's Basketball Championship in 1950, 1952, 1954 and 1956.

After retiring from active competition she went into coaching. Colchen was inducted into the Gloire du sport (the French national sports hall of fame) in 2002.

Death
Colchen died on 26 January 2017 in Paris, France, aged 91.

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
French sportspeople
Dame Margaret Laurence "Laurie" Salas (née Hay, 8 February 1922 – 26 January 2017) was a New Zealand women's rights and peace activist. She was born in Wellington, New Zealand.

Salas was involved with the Playcentre movement, and became that organisation's first representative on the National Council of Women. Salas was a New Zealand committee member for the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, and she was also an honorary vice president of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs. In the 1982 Queen's Birthday Honours Salas was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order for community service.

Salas died on 26 January 2017 in Kaori, New Zealand, aged 94.

References

1922 births
2017 deaths
Human rights activists
People from Wellington
Atanas Kirov (, 24 September 1946 – 27 January 2017) was a Bulgarian bantamweight weightlifter. He was born in Burgas, Bulgaria.

Career
From 1973 and 1975, he won the world titles and three European titles and set two world records in the total. He competed in the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics and placed seventh and fifth, respectively.

Death
Kirov died on 27 January 2017 in Sofia from a heart attack, aged 70.

References

1946 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Bulgarian sportspeople
Fine Air Flight 101 was a scheduled cargo flight from Miami International Airport, in Miami, Florida, to Las Américas International Airport in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. On August 7, 1997 the Douglas DC-8 crashed into a road (72nd Avenue) at 28th Street, in Miami near the airport. There were four people on the plane but only three bodies were found hours after the crash. Two people on the ground were reported to be injured. One person was killed while driving a vehicle.

The probable cause was the airplane was the cargo being loaded too far to the back of the plane. Combined with an incorrect stabilizer trim setting, the aircraft pitched up too far at takeoff. Witnesses said the plane looked like it was going to flip backwards as it took off. The plane, weighing , struggle to an altitude of . Then it fell back to the ground, tail first. When the plane hit the ground it broke apart and caught fire.

References

Other websites 
 Fine Air Flight 101; YouTube
 NTSB Aircraft Accident Report, Fine Air Flight 101, August 7, 1997

1997 in the United States
Aviation disasters in the 1990s
Aviation disasters in the United States
August events
1990s in Florida
History of Miami, Florida
Zakia Soman (Arabic: زكية سومان ) is an activist from India. She is the head of the human rights group Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan (BMMA).  In 2014, she received the Outstanding Women Achievers award from the National Commission for Women.

Life 

Soman is from Ahmedabad, Gujarat in India.  She worked as a university professor.

Work 

Soman fights for women to be able to enter religious shrines.  She works to reform Islamic divorce customs in India, and to stop the triple talaq practice of divorce in Islam for the 90 million Muslim women in India. The BMMA works for women's rights in Islam and recommended changes in India's family law.  

In 2013, the BMMA did a survey of 5000 women about women's rights in Islamic families.  After that, they trained 30 women as judges to help solve family problems. In the survey, 92 percent of women had agreed to ban the one-sided triple divorce.  The Shariah court for women was started because they thought that women were not being heard in the male Shariah court. In the survey, 92 percent of the women were also opposed to multiple wives.

References  

Activists
Living people
Indian activists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Howard Frank Mosher (June 16, 1942 – January 29, 2017) was an American author and retired high school teacher. He was known for his novels Where the Rivers Flow North (1978) and A Stranger In the Kingdom (1991). He was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1979, and is the 1981 recipient of the Literature Award bestowed by the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. 

Mosher was born in Cato, New York. He studied at Syracuse University in 1964. He taught English in Vermont at Orleans High and Lake Region Union High School during his early years. Mosher died of prostate cancer under hospice care in Irasburg, Vermont, aged 74.

References

Other websites
 Howard Frank Mosher Official Website
 2007 interview with The Optimistic Curmudgeon

1942 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Educators from Vermont
Writers from New York
Writers from Vermont
Educators from New York
Stuart Timmons (January 14, 1957 – January 28, 2017) was an American journalist, activist, and historian. He was an award-winning author specializing in LGBT history. He was the author of The Trouble With Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement and the co-author of Gay L.A.: A History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, And Lipstick Lesbians with Lillian Faderman. In 2007, Stuart began developing walking tours of LGBTQ historic sites in Los Angeles.

Timmons was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He studied at the University of California, Los Angeles. In 2008, he suffered a massive stroke that left him paralyzed from the waist down. 

Timmons died on January 28, 2017 at a hospital in Hollywood, California from cardiac arrest, at the age of 60.

References

Other websites
 Official Site of Stuart Timmons

1957 births
2017 deaths
American historians
American journalists
American LGBT rights activists
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Gay men
LGBT journalists
LGBT people from Los Angeles
Writers from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Writers from Los Angeles
Rocket League is a vehicular association football video game. It is developed and published by Psyonix. It was first released on Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 in July 2015. It was later released on Xbox One, OS X and Linux in 2016. It is a sequel to Supersonic Acrobatic Rocket-Powered Battle-Cars (2008).

It is multiplayer and single-player. Single-player has the "Season" game mode where the player plays against bots. Multiplayer is online and has 1 versus 1, 2 versus 2, 3 versus 3 and 4 versus 4 modes.

Players control a rocket-powered car and use it to hit a ball that is much larger than the cars towards the other team's goal area to score points.

The game has received very positive reviews. As of January 2017, the game has had 25 million players since 2015.

References

2015 video games
Sports video games
Windows games
PlayStation 4 games
Xbox One games
Darryl Sutton (27 July 1952 – 28 January 2017) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for North Melbourne, Richmond and the Sydney Swans in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Tasmania.

Sutton had dementia. He died from pneumonia on 28 January 2017 at the age of 64.

References

1952 births
2017 deaths
Australian rules footballers
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Australia
People from Tasmania
Impasto is a term used in painting and sometimes in pottery.

It means the paint is laid on thickly in places, thick enough so the brush or painting-knife strokes can be seen.  When dry, impasto gives texture, because some of the paint stands out from the canvas.

Impasto is an Italian word which means "to knead", or "to paste".

Painting
The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation () also known as AVF, is the governing body of volleyball and beach volleyball in Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation was founded in 1992. It became a member of the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) in 1992. It also joined the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV) in 1992. The Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation's president is Javid Gurbanov. Its headquarters are located in Baku.

References

Other websites
 

1991 establishments in Azerbaijan
Volleyball
Sport in Azerbaijan
1990s establishments in Azerbaijan
ISO 3166-2:PA is the entry for Panama in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces, departments or states) of all countries that are in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Panama, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 10 provinces and 3 indigenous regions.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is , the code of Panama. The second part is either of the following:
 one or two digits (1–10): provinces
 two letters: indigenous regions

The codes for the provinces are assigned in traditional Spanish alphabetical order.

Current codes
Subdivision names are listed as in the ISO 3166-2 standard published by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA).

(*) ISO 3166-2 uses the name "Ngöbe-Buglé" even though "Ngäbe-Buglé" is the more widely used variant.

Related pages
 Provinces of Panama

Other websites
 ISO Online Browsing Platform: PA
 Provinces of Panama, Statoids.com

Panama
ISO 3166
Tokitenkū Yoshiaki (born Altangadasyn Khüchitbaatar, ; 10 September 1979 – 31 January 2017) was a Mongolian sumo wrestler. He made his professional debut in 2002. He reached the top makuuchi division just two years later. The highest rank he reached was komusubi. He held this three separate times, but never for more than one tournament. He earned one special prize, for Technique. He wrestled for Tokitsukaze stable. He was born in Altanbulag, Töv Province. He became a Japanese citizen in January 2014.

Yoshiaki died from lymphoma on 31 January 2017 in Tokyo. He was 37.

References

1979 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from lymphoma
Disease-related deaths in Japan
Mongolian people
Sport in Mongolia
Sumo wrestlers
Leonard Harry Perroots Sr. (April 24, 1933 – January 29, 2017) was an American Air Force general. He was the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) from October 1985 to December 1988. He retired on January 1, 1989. He was born in Morgantown, West Virginia.

Perroots died after a short illness on January 29, 2017 at the age of 83.

References

2017 deaths
1933 births
American generals
Disease-related deaths in the United States
United States Air Force
People from West Virginia
Thomas Joseph Simpson (November 6, 1921 – January 28, 2017) was a Canadian Royal Navy veteran. He was one of only 114 Canadians to receive the Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) for World War II service. He was born in Windsor, Ontario.

Simpson died on January 28, 2017 in Windsor at the age of 95.

References

1921 births
2017 deaths
Canadian military personnel of World War II
People from Ontario
The Sambre is a river that flows through France and Belgium. It empties into the Meuse at the city of Namur from the left side, and has a length of 193 km.

The Sambre river springs from the French commune of Fontenelle in the Hauts-de-France region at an altitude of 210 m. It continues through the Belgian provinces of Hainaut and Namur, passing the city of Charleroi.

Rivers of France
Rivers of Belgium
Hauts-de-France
Wallonia
Hainaut (province)
Namur (province)
Charleroi
Elizabeth Bathory (1560–1614) was a countess who lived in Transylvania, then a part of the Kingdom of Hungary. She was from a very important family that included kings, cardinals, knights, and judges. Her family ruled Transylvania as an independent region within the Hungarian kingdom. She was well-educated, beautiful and wealthy. She was also virtually untouchable as a member of the Bathory family.

Reputation
She may have been a vicious female serial killer. It is impossible to know what  part of her story is fact and what part is fiction. Her gruesome legend has become a part of folklore. She is the central character in a number of books, plays and movies. As the "blood countess", she has often been compared to another fictional character, Count Dracula. Some scholars now argue that Báthory was not a murderer but instead may have been the victim of a political betrayal.

Legend
According to her legend, she was supposed to have tortured and killed over 650 servant girls. It also claimed she bathed in human blood. That, after hearing of all the deaths and tortures going on in her castle, the countess and her servants were put on trial. Her servants were said to have been executed. Báthory herself was walled up in a room in her own castle. There were only slits for air and food. She was found dead three and a half years later. After her death, the story of the evil countess began.

In movie
In 2008 a movie was made about her called Bathory starring Anna Friel. The movie suggested she did not spend her time bathing in blood. It was a rumor spread by those who were after her wealth.

References

Other websites 
 Countess Dracula - Elizabeth Bathory (part 1); YouTube
 Countess Dracula - Elizabeth Bathory (part 2); YouTube

1560 births
1614 deaths
Hungarian people
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Royalty and nobility
Serial killers
Charles Y.J.Gh. Michel (born December 21, 1975 in Namur) is a Belgian lawyer and politician of the Mouvement réformateur. From October 11, 2014 through October 27, 2019, he was the Prime Minister of Belgium.

Former European Commissioner Louis Michel is his father.

Michel Jr. studied at the Université Libre de Bruxelles and the University of Amsterdam. He successively worked as a lawyer in Brussels.

He held several political posts like government minister of Development Cooperation and an alderman and mayor of Wavre (last one still incumbent).

On 2 July 2019, the President of the European Council Donald Tusk announced a deal reached by EU Leaders which would make Michel his replacement and took office on 1 December 2019.

References 

 Biography at De Standaard

Other websites 
 

1975 births
Living people
Alderman of Belgium
Belgian lawyers
Belgian mayors
Government ministers of Belgium
Mouvement réformateur (Belgium) politicians
People from Namur
Presidents of the European Council
Prime Ministers of Belgium
Walloon politicians
Prince Louis of Orléans, "Prince of Condé" (Louis Philippe Marie Léopold; 1845 – 24 May 1866 was a French prince given the title of Prince of Condé at birth. He died in Australia in 1866 at age 20.

Brief biography

He was born on 15 November, 1845 at the Château de Saint Cloud outside Paris. He was the eldest son of Henri d'Orleans, Duke of Aumale and his wife Princess Carolina Augusta of the Two Sicilies. Through his father Louis was he was a grandson of Louis Philippe I. As a result of this Louis was a "Prince of Orléans" at birth. He was later given the courtesy title of Prince of Condé. Following the French Revolution of 1848, he and his parents fled to England. He was educated at the "Royal High School" in Edinburgh. He was also the first member of a royal house to visit the Australian continent. This is where he died after catching a cold. He was eventually buried at the Royal Chapel of Dreux in France.

Titles and styles

15 November 1845 – 24 May 1866 His Royal Highness The Prince of Condé Prince of Orléans.

Notes

References 

1845 births
1866 deaths
House of Orléans
Dana Air Flight 992 was a scheduled passenger flight from Abuja to Lagos, Nigeria. The aircraft was a McDonnell Douglas MD-83. On July 3, 2012, both engines stopped working. The aircraft crashed into a neighborhood in Lagos. All 153 people on-board the flight died. Ten people on the ground also died.

References

2012 disasters
2010s in Nigeria
Aviation disasters in the 2010s

July events
Lagos
Transport in Nigeria
Bocas del Toro (meaning "Mouths of the Bull") is a province of Panama. The province is in the northwestern part of the country, bordering Costa Rica. The provincial capital is the city of Bocas del Toro on Colón Island.

History 
Christopher Columbus, looking for a way to the Pacific Ocean during its fourth voyage to the Americas, visited this region in 1502 and named the island known now as Colón Island as "Isla del Drago" (the Dragon's Island).

During colonial times, Bocas del Toro was part of the Veraguas province. When the country was part of Colombia, the government made the district of Bocas del Toro in 1834. In 1850, Bocas del Toro became part of Chiriquí but later was made part of the Colón province.

On 16 November 1903, Bocas del Toro was separated from the Colón province and became one province. In 1941, it was divided in two districts, Bocas del Toro and Crimamola. In 1970, the district of Bocas del Toro became the district of Changuinola, the Bastimentos district was eliminated and three new districts were created.

The limits of the districts were changed in 1997 when the Ngäbe-Buglé comarca was created.

Location 
The Bocas del Toro province borders the Caribbean Sea to the north, Limón Province of Costa Rica to the west, Chiriquí Province to the south, and Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca to the east. The Sixaola river forms part of the border with Costa Rica.

Geography
Bocas del Toro province has an area of . The province includes the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea; the main islands of the archipelago are:
 Colón, , where is the city of Bocas del Toro, the provincial capital;
 Popa, 
 Bastimentos, 
 San Cristóbal, 
 Cayo Agua, 
 Solarte, 
 Carenero,

Protected areas 
The national parks in the province are "Isla Bastimentos National Marine Park" (), which contains most of Bastimentos islands and some smaller nearby islands, and "La Amistad International Park" (), which spans the Costa Rica–Panama border. Bocas del Toro contains most of the Panamanian section of the park, which covers . The Costa Rican section of the park covers .

Climate

Demographics 
The people of the province are known as Bocatoreños (women:Bocatoreñas).

The Bocas del Toro province had a population, in 2010, of 125,461, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Bocas del Toro province

Administrative divisions
The Bocas del Toro province is divided in four districts, which are divided into 30 corregimientos. The new district of Almirante was created on 8 June 2015 with territory of the Changuinola district.

Economy
The main economic activity in the mainland of the province is farming, with plantain as the main commercial crop. In the islands, the main activities are fishing and tourism.

Gallery

References

Other websites 
 
 Statoids.com

Provinces of Panama
James Si-Cheng Chao (; born December 29, 1927) is a Chinese-American businessman and philanthropist. His daughter, Elaine, is the 18th and current United States Secretary of Transportation.

Career
He is the founder of the Foremost Group, a New York-based shipping, trading, and finance enterprise. The James S.C. Chao Scholarship is named after him. Active philanthropists, Chao and his wife, Ruth Mulan Chu, established the Mulan Foundation in 1984 to provide scholarships to help students in the U.S. and China access higher education.

Chao has served for more than a decade as Chairman of both the Chiao-Tung University Alumni Association in America and the Chiao-Tung University Alumni Foundation of America from 1988 to 1999.

Personal life
Chao married Ruth Mulan Chu in 1951. Chu died in 2007 from lymphoma. They had six children. They immigrated to the United States in 1961. He now lives in New York City.

References

Other websites
 Chao Family Foundations 
 Foremost Foundation 
 Harvard Gazette 

1927 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Chinese businesspeople
Businesspeople from New York City
American philanthropists
People from Shanghai
Philip Michael Bilden (born 1964) is an American business leader. He is a private equity pioneer in Asia. Bilden is also a national security and cybersecurity advocate, and philanthropist.

Bilden was nominated to serve as the 76th Secretary of the Navy by President Donald Trump on January 25, 2017. He withdrew his nomination on February 26, 2017.

References

1964 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Indiana
American philanthropists
American activists
James Brien "Jim" Comey, Jr. (born December 14, 1960) is an American lawyer. He was the 7th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from September 4, 2013 until May 9, 2017 when he was fired by President Donald Trump.

Comey was the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York from January 2002 to December 2003, and later, the United States Deputy Attorney General, from December 2003 to August 2005. As Deputy Attorney General, Comey was the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice (DOJ), and ran its day-to-day operations.

Early life
Comey was born in Yonkers, New York. He grew up in Allendale, New Jersey. He graduated from the College of William and Mary in 1982, majoring in chemistry and religion and later from the University of Chicago with a Juris Doctor.

Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (2013–2017)
In September 2013, Comey was appointed Director of the FBI by President Barack Obama.

Investigation on Hillary Clinton and 2016 election
Comey was responsible for overseeing the FBI's investigation of the Hillary Clinton email controversy. His role in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, particularly with regard to his public communications, was highly controversial. His decisions have been regarded by many analysts, including Nate Silver of FiveThirtyEight, to have likely cost Clinton the election.

Dismissal
Comey was fired by President Donald Trump on May 9, 2017 reportedly days after Comey asked increased funding from the Justice Department for the FBI's investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. The Justice Department called the New York Times report that Comey asked for more funding "totally false". In a statement by the White House, they released a statement saying that "removing Comey will help bring the Russia investigation to end" quickly and rapidly, and that it would be ended soon.

Personal life
Comey and his wife Patrice Failor are the parents of five children. He was raised in a Roman Catholic household. 

Comey was a member of the Republican Party until 2016 when he announced that he was an Independent.

References

Other websites

 Department of Justice Farewell Address
 James B. Comey – White House Biography
 
 James B. Comey Professional Biography, United States Department of Justice
 Transcript of James Comey's testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee, May 15, 2007
 "Intelligence Under the Law", a speech delivered by James Comey to the National Security Agency on Law Day, May 20, 2005 
 
 Profile on Columbia Law School 

1960 births
Living people
Lawyers from New York
Directors of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Independent politicians in the United States
Politicians from New York
United States Deputy Attorneys General
E. Ahamed (29 April 1938 – 1 February 2017) was an Indian politician. He served as Minister of State for External Affairs in the Manmohan Singh government from 2004 through 2014. He represented the Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency of Kerala and is the National President of the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) from 2009 until his death in 2017. He was born in Malappuram, Kerala.

Ahamed died at the age of 78 at a hospital in Delhi, India after suffering from cardiac arrest during President Pranab Mukherjee's address to the parliament.

References

Other websites

 Members of Fourteenth Lok Sabha - Parliament of India website 

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian politicians
Civil servants
People from Kerala
Filostrato is a poem by 14th-century Italian poet Giovanni Boccaccio. It tells about Troilo's love for Criseyda. The historical importance comes from two reasons. One reason is that it is one of the first long poems written in ottava rima. The second is that it was a source for Geoffrey Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde. Ottava rima is a strophe built of eight lines and rhymed abababcc.

Alcun di Giove sogliono il favore
ne’ lor principii pietosi invocare,
altri d’Apollo chiamano il valore;
io di Parnaso le Muse pregare
solea ne’ miei bisogni, ma Amore
novellamente m’ha fatto mutare
il mio costume antico e usitato,
po’ fui di te, madonna, innamorato.

Boccaccio's poem was based on Roman de Troie by Benôit de Sainte Maure, Historia troiana by Guido delle Colonne, a similar story by Binduccio dello Scelto and Historia Troiae by Filippo Ceppi.

References

Bibliography 
  Giovanni Boccaccio, Il Filostrato, Parigi 1798.

Other websites 
  Filostrato di Giovanni Boccaccio at Italian Wikisource.
 

Epic poems
Etel Adnan (24 February 1925 – 14 November 2021) was a Lebanese-American Feminist writer, poet, essayist, and visual artist.

Honors
In 2003, Adnan was named "arguably the most celebrated and accomplished Arab American author writing today" by the academic journal MELUS: Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States.

Legacy
Besides her literary works, Adnan worked on visual works in a variety of media, such as oil paintings, movies and tapestries, which have been exhibited at galleries across the world.

Personal life
She lived in Paris and Sausalito, California. Adnan openly identifies as lesbian.

She was openly a lesbian.

Adnan died in Paris on 14 November 2021, at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 Website of Etel Adnan
 Translated excerpt from Sitt Marie Rose
 Culturebase (in German)
 Anne Mullin Burnham, Reflections in Women's Eyes, 1994, Saudi Aramco World

1924 births
2021 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Lebanese poets
American feminist writers
American poets
American artists
Lesbian feminists
LGBT writers
LGBT people from California
Writers from California
Maren Margrethe Thomsen, known as Maren Margrethe "Grethe" Bartram and "Thora" (23 February 1924 – ) was a Danish war criminal. 

She was known for informing on at least 53 people from the Danish resistance movement during the Second World War. It resulted in the early communist resistance groups being dismantled and many of their members being sent to concentration camps. Bartram informed on her brother, husband and close friends.

Bartram was given the death penalty after the war but was later pardoned and the sentence was changed to life in prison. In 1956 she was released and moved to Halland in Sweden where she lived under her married name.

Bartram's was announced on 31 January 2017. She had died at her home in Halland, aged 92.

References

Other websites
 Grethe Bartram – biography in Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon
 Storstikkeren – Chapter 10 in Erik Haaests book, Udyr – eller hvad from 1977 in an updated e-version from 2006.
 Myter, Mordet i Højbjerg, Marie Lock-Hansen, Forlaget Din Bog

1924 births
2017 deaths
Danish people
World War II people
Communists
David Burhani (17 November 1990 – 30 January 2017) was a Tanzanian footballer. He played as a goalkeeper for Prisons, Mbeya City, Maji Maji and Kagera Sugar of the Tanzanian Premier League.

Burhani died on 30 January 2017 in Mwanza at the age of 26.

References

Other websites
 David Burhani at Footballdatabase

1990 births
2017 deaths
African footballers
Tanzanian people
John Norman Mather (June 9, 1942 – January 28, 2017) was an American mathematician. He was known for his work on singularity theory and Hamiltonian mechanics. He worked at Princeton University. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He studied at Princeton and Harvard University.

Mather died on January 28, 2017 in Princeton, New Jersey at the age of 74.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
American mathematicians
Harvard University alumni
People from Los Angeles
Princeton University alumni
Bharati Mukherjee (July 27, 1940 – January 28, 2017) was an American writer. She was a professor in the department of English at the University of California, Berkeley. She was known for her books about the experiences of being an immigrant. She was well known for her book Jasmine (1989).

Mukherjee was born in Calcutta, West Bengal, India. She later studied in the U.S. and Canada. She was married to writer Clark Blaise. They had two children.

Mukherjee died from problems caused by rheumatoid arthritis and takotsubo cardiomyopathy on January 28, 2017 in Manhattan. She was 76.

References

1940 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiomyopathy
Educators from New York City
Writers from New York City
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
People from Kolkata
Elias "Eli" Zelkha (May 4, 1950 – January 8, 2017) was an American entrepreneur, venture capitalist and professor. He was the inventor of ambient intelligence, an idea from computer science to create an environment of machines that meaningfully interact with people. He studied at Colgate University and Stanford University.

Zelkha was born in Tehran, Iran and he was of Jewish faith. He was married to Alice and had three children.

Zelkha died on January 8, 2017 in Woodside, California at the age of 66.

References

1950 births
2017 deaths
Businesspeople from California
Iranian Jews
Jewish American academics
Jewish businesspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Tehran
Stanford University alumni
Queenstown () is a resort town in Otago in the south-west of New Zealand's South Island. It has a population of 13 200 (2015). The town is built around an inlet called Queenstown Bay on Lake Wakatipu. It has spectacular views of nearby mountains. These include The Remarkables, Cecil Peak, Walter Peak, Ben Lomond and Queenstown Hill. It was named after Queen Victoria.

References 

Cities in New Zealand
Rhondda or Rhondda Valley is a former coal mining community in Wales. The area is actually two valleys: the larger Rhondda Fawr valley (mawr large) and the smaller Rhondda Fach valley (bach small). The singular term 'Rhondda Valley' and the plural 'Rhondda Valleys' are both commonly used.

Rhondda Fawr
The larger of the two valleys, the Rhondda Fawr, extends from Porth and rises through the valley until it reaches Blaenrhondda, near Treherbert. The villages that make up the Rhondda Fawr are:

 Blaencwm a district of Treherbert.
 Blaenrhondda a district of Treherbert.
 Cwm Clydach a community.
 Cwmparc a district of Treorchy.
 Cymmer a district of Porth.
 Dinas Rhondda a district of Penygraig.
 Edmondstown a district of Penygraig.
 Gelli a district of Ystrad
 Glynfach a district of Cymmer
 Llwynypia a community.
 Pentre a community.
 Penygraig a community
 Porth a community that sees itself as the unofficial capital of the Rhondda, mainly due to its geographic location.
 Ton Pentre a district of Pentre.
 Tonypandy a community.
 Trealaw a community.
 Trebanog a district of Cymmer
 Trehafod the most southernmost and smallest of the Rhondda Valley communities.
 Treherbert a community.
 Treorchy the largest community in either of the valleys.
 Tynewydd a district of Treherbert
 Williamstown a district of Penygraig.
 Ynyswen a district of Treorchy.
 Ystrad a community.

Rhondda Fach
The Rhondda Fach is the smaller of the two valleys. Villages include Wattstown, Ynyshir, Pontygwaith, Ferndale, Tylorstown and Maerdy. The settlements that make up the Rhondda Fach are as follows:

 Blaenllechau a district of Ferndale.
 Ferndale a community.
 Maerdy a community.
 Penrhys a district of Tylorstown.
 Pontygwaith a district of Tylorstown.
 Tylorstown a community.
 Stanleytown a district of Tylorstown.
 Wattstown a district of Ynyshir.
 Ynyshir a community.

Geography of Wales
Porth is a village in the Rhondda Valleys, Wales. Porth is at the joint of the Rhondda Fawr and Rhondda Fach, Porth sees itself as the capital of the Rhondda.

History
On 11 April 1877 the Tynewydd Colliery was the scene of a mine disaster that led to a mine rescue operation following which four first-class and twenty-one second-class Albert Medals for Lifesaving were awarded. A build-up of water in old Cymmer Colliery resulted in flooding of the Tynewydd mine. Only fourteen of 100 miners employed at the mine were working underground at the time of the accident. Four of the trapped miners were rescued after eighteen hours.

The nearby village of Dinas Was the site of the first coal mine in the Rhonddda.

Transport

From Porth you can travel by bus to places such as Cardiff, Treochy, Pontypridd, Porth has a train station in Hannah Street.

Schools
There are schools in Porth. Porth Infants for 3-6 yrs old. Porth Juniors for 6-11 yrs old. Porth County Community School for 11-18 yrs old (opened in 1973).Michael Sheen (the Welsh actor) visited PCCS in May 2009.

Notes

Villages in Wales
Cymmer is a village in the Rhondda Valley Wales. Cymmer is in the lower Rhondda Valley about half way between Treorchy and Pontypridd.

History
Cymmer, which is now seen as a part of Porth takes its name from the old Welsh word that describes a spot where two rivers of the same name join.
Before coal mining, not many people lived in Cymmer. Cymmer was one of the first villages within the Rhondda Valley. The Lewis colliery had many examples of the pithead gear in South Wales Rhondda Heritage Park now has the only pithead gear in the Rhondda.  In 1847 George Insole opened his first mine in Cymmer. In 1855 he opened a second pit in Cymmer near the old pit.

The Cymmer Mining Explosion 1856
Tuesday 15th July 1856 at the Old Pit in Cymmer, there was an explosion which was Britain’s largest mining accident at that time. One hundred and sixty men and boys lowered down the shaft to begin their shift when the explosion took place. 114 people were killed. The explosion was caused by miners carrying open flames which lit pockets of gas.

Important Buildings in Cymmer
Cymmer chapel The earliest independent Chapel in the Rhondda appointed its first Minister in 1752. Little is known of its earlier history although it is known to have been made in 1740.

St John Church is in a prominent position on the hillside above the earlier settlement of Cymmer centred round the Cymmer Chapel.

Transport
Cymmer is on the A4119 road half a mile from its junction with the A4058 road.

Notes

Villages in Wales
Ynyshir is a village in Rhondda, Wales which neighbours Porth. Its name means "Long Meadow" or "Long Island".

History
Before the 18th century only a few farms were found in Ynyshir. In 1845 the first deep coal mine was made in the village, it was the first coal mine to be opened in the Rhondda Fach valley. Ynyshir was part of the British coal empire.

Ynyshir village began along the west side of the Rhondda Fach river on the land owned by Ynyshir farm, later followed by the building of houses east of the river on land owned by Maendy and Penrhiw farms. By 1900 much of the village which you can see today was in place.

In 1841 the Taff Vale Railway reached the next village, Dinas and with the train this meant the owners of the coal mines could send their coal across South Wales.

Important Buildings
Ynyshir was home to several chapels/churches, namely Ainon Chapel (Welsh Baptist), Bethany Chapel (English Baptist), Moriah Chapel (Calvinistic Methodist), St Anne's (Church in Wales), Saron Chapel (Welsh Independent), Ynyshir Welsh Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Bethel Chapel (Welsh Baptist), Penuel Chapel (English Independent), Tabernacle Chapel (Congregational Methodist) and Ynyshir English Wesleyan Methodist Chapel.

Education 
In 1882, the first boys school was made. Then, a girls and infants school was made in 1903. In 2009 the new modern £5.5 million Ynyshir Community Primary School located on Llanwonno Road was opened; this was to replace the previous Ynyshir Junior School and later in 2010 also replaced the old Ynyshir Infants School off Gynor Place. The first head teacher of the school was Miss Morgan and the present head teacher is Miss Phillips.

Transport
Ynyshir has bus links. The nearest city is Cardiff. Ynyshir has no train stations. The closest train station is Porth. Ynyshir's main A road is the A4223 that was built in 2005.

Notes

Villages in Wales
Étienne Tshisekedi wa Mulumba (14 December 1932 – 1 February 2017) was a Congolese politician. He was the leader of the Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). He served as the Prime Minister of Zaire three times: in 1991, 1992–1993 and 1997. He was born in Kabeya Kamwanga, Belgian Congo.

Tshisekedi died from a pulmonary embolism on 1 February 2017 in Brussels, Belgium at the age of 84.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
African politicians
Deaths from pulmonary embolism
Disease-related deaths in Belgium
Prime Ministers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Paul-Eerik Rummo (born 1942) is an Estonian politician and poet. He was born in Tallinn. His father, Paul-Eerik Rummo, was a writer. He studied philology at Tallin University. He worked as literary critic for some theatres. He was a secretary of Estonian Writers Society from 1987 to 1989. In 1994 he joined Estonian Reform Party. He became a member of parliament. The he was a minister of culture in cabinet of Mart Laar. He published many books of poetry, for example Ankruhiivaja (Anchor Heaver, 1962).

References

Other websites 
 Paul-Eerik Rummo reading poetry.
 Paul-Eerik Rummo's poems.

Poets
1942 births
Living people
Estonian politicians
Estonian writers
Dan Spiegle (December 12, 1920  – January 28, 2017) was an American comic book and cartoon artist. He was born in Cosmopolis, Washington. He was best known for comics based on movie and television characters from a group of companies including Dell Comics, DC Comics and Marvel Comics. He was known for illustrating the Jonah Hex and Scooby-Doo comic books.

Spiegle died on January 28, 2017 at the age of 96.

References

1920 births
2017 deaths
American comics artists
American cartoonists
People from Washington