cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Blackheath is a heathland area of South East London. Formerly in Kent, it is now shared between the London Boroughs of Lewisham and Greenwich. Blackheath has one of the largest areas of common land in Greater London.

History 

The name is recorded in 1166 as Blachehedfeld and means the "dark coloured heathland". It is formed from the Old English 'blæc' and 'hǣth' and refers to the open space that was the meeting place of the ancient hundred of Blackheath. The name was later used for the Victorian suburb that developed in the 19th century and was extended to the areas known as Blackheath Park and Blackheath Vale.

Origins 
The Roman road that later became known as Watling Street crosses the northern edge of Blackheath (almost in line with the A2).

Blackheath was a rallying point for Wat Tyler's Peasants' Revolt of 1381, and for Jack Cade's Kentish rebellion in 1450. Wat Tyler is remembered by Wat Tyler Road on the heath. After pitching camp on Blackheath, Cornish rebels were defeated in the Battle of Deptford Bridge (sometimes called the Battle of Blackheath), just to the west, on 17 June 1497.

With Watling Street carrying stagecoaches across the heath, on the way to north Kent and the Channel ports, it was also a common place for highwaymen to rob travelers during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Blackheath Park 
The sizeable estate of Blackheath Park was created on lands of Wricklemarsh Manor, and built over in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It has fine examples of substantial Georgian and Victorian houses – most notably Michael Searles'  crescent of semi-detached terrace houses linked by colonnades, The Paragon (c 1793-1807). 

The Pagoda is a good example of a beautiful property in Blackheath, built in 1760 by Sir William Chambers. It was later leased to the Prince Regent, who later became King George IV, and used as a summer home by his wife Caroline, Princess of Wales.

Sports 
In 1608, according to tradition, Blackheath was the place where golf was introduced to England – the Royal Blackheath Golf Club. The club was one of the first golf associations established (1766) outside Scotland. Since 1923 it has been in nearby Eltham. Blackheath also gave its name to the first hockey club, established during the mid 19th century.

The Blackheath Rugby Club was founded in 1858, the oldest rugby club in England. The Blackheath club organised the world's first rugby international (between England and Scotland in Edinburgh on 27 March 1871), and hosted the first international between England and Wales ten years later. Blackheath Rugby Club was one of the 12 founding members of the Football Association in 1863.

References 

Areas of London
London Borough of Greenwich
London Borough of Lewisham
Miaoli County () is a county in Taiwan. The capital of the county is Miaoli City.

Counties of Taiwan
Cenk Kadir Uygur (born March 21, 1970) is a Turkish-American political activist, politician and commentator and Internet personality. He is the main host and co-founder of the Internet talk radio show The Young Turks (TYT). He also was the main host on the television version of the show that aired on Current TV and later Al Jazeera America.

Uygur was born in Istanbul, Turkey. He immigrated to East Brunswick, New Jersey when he was 8 years.

On November 14, 2019, Uygur announced his candidacy for the 2020 special election in California's 25th congressional district to replace Katie Hill.

Ugyur is also a uncle of Twitch streamer HasanAbi.

References

Other websites

 

1970 births
Living people
American political commentators
People from Istanbul
Turkish politicians
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Politicians from New Jersey
Politicians from California
Writers from California
Writers from New Jersey
American radio personalities
American agnostics
HuffPost writers and columnists
Common land (a common) is land where local people have certain rights. For example, to allow their sheep to graze, to collect firewood, or to cut turf for fuel.

Originally in mediaeval England the common was part of the manor. Although it was part of the estate owned by the lord of the manor, tenants had certain rights.

By extension, the term "commons" has come to be applied to other resources which a community has rights or access to. Today the term "common" is mainly used for the land over which the rights are exercised. A person who has a right to common land is a commoner.

Today commons still exist in Great Britain and the United States, although their extent is much reduced from the millions of acres that existed in the 17th century.

Related pages 
New Forest

References 

Law
A commoner is someone who is ordinary, that is not royalty, nobility or clergy.

Society
Stephen James Merchant (born 24 November 1974) is a British writer, director, television presenter, comedian and actor. He is best known for his works with Ricky Gervais and Karl Pilkington. With Gervais, he created the popular BBC sitcoms The Office and Extras. He has appeared in movies such as Run, Fat Boy, Run, Hot Fuzz (both 2007), Movie 43 (2013) and Logan (2017). He also voiced Wheatley in the video game Portal 2 (2011).

Merchant was born in Hanham, Bristol, England. He is a graduate of the University of Warwick. He stands at 6 ft 7 in (201 cm).

References

Other websites

 

1974 births
Living people
Actors from Bristol
British stand-up comedians
Comedians from Bristol
English movie actors
English radio personalities
English television actors
English television producers
English television writers
Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi was a Shia Muslim scholar, speaker, author, historian and poet.

Biography
Rizvi was born at Gopalpur, district Siwan, Bihar, India in 1948. His father was Syed Mazhar Hussain Rizvi.

He had six sons and one daughter. His second eldest son Hujjat-ul-Islam wal Muslameen Maulana Syed Shahid Jamal Rizvi lives in Qom, Iran.  His son-in-law's name is Syed Irfan Abbas Rizvi a famous poet writer and nauhakhawn.

Rizvi was awarded many popular titles, like Adeeb-E-Asr, Sha'oor, Mutarajjim Al-Ghadir, Allama etc. The title Adeeb-E-Asr was awarded by Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi in Iran. Rizvi’s poetic title was "Sha'oor Gopalpuri". 

Rizvi died on 10 February, 2002 at Gopalpur district Siwan, Bihar, India.

His work

Books
Rizvi wrote many books, He also translated many books from Arabic to Urdu and Persian to Urdu. Some of his literary works are below.

Books translated by Rizvi
Al-Ghadir  Rizvi, on the request of Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi, translated the book Al-Ghadir. The first volume was published in 1991. In 2010, the complete set of volumes were published by the Qur'an o itrat foundation.
 Al-Ghadir

 Tareekh-e-Islam me Ayesha ka kirdaar (3 vol.)
 Masa'eb-e-Aale Muhammad 
 Al-Hayat (2 vol.)
 Shahr-E-Shahadat 
 Imam Mehdi(A.S) Hadees Ki Roshni Me
 Resala Amaliya Imam Khomaini(2 vol.)
 Mayyat pe Girya

Books written by Rizvi
 Ghadeer ke Char Alamti Shayer

Articles
His articles were greatly influenced by Islamic literature. They are mainly about Qur'an, wilayat, the tragedy of Karbala, and usool-e-deen. Some of his articles are listed below.
wilayet-e-Ali(a.s) Qur'an ki raushni me 
Kalma-e-Innama Qur'an Ki Raushn Me 
Eid-e-Ghadir 
wilayat-e-Ali(a.s) ki Ma'wun Ahadees 
Ghadir aur Qur'an 
Ghadeer: Daaman ki Dhajjiyan 
Wilayat ke dunyawi wa Aakhari fawayed per Ajmali Nazar 
Eid per Sahaba ki hasdana nazar 
Ahmiyat Ghadir: Masumeen(a.s) ki nazar me 
Shuja'at Hazrat Zahra(s.a) 
Imam Hussain(a.s) paikar-e-Muhabbat 
Imam Hussain(a.s) per Girya 
Zikr-e-Khuda aur Karbala 
Aadi Tariqa shahadat kyu 
Ghulamo ke Hukhuq aur Karbala 
Ek maqbool Nauha 
janabe Qasim(a.s) ki Shahadat 
Beside Islamic article, he had also written articles on Urdu Literature. This type of articles were related to different aspect of life and way of living it. The articles also describe the way of spreading Love, affection and generosity among mankind.

Poetic work
Rizvi wrote as many as Nauhe, Qaseede and Gazals. They are compiled into three different books:

References

Other websites
The Biography of Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi 
The Biography of Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi
List of Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi Books 
Articles of Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi 
Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi pictures 
Maktaba Minar-e-Sha'oor:Library  

1948 births
2002 deaths
Indian writers
Roger Paul Neilson, CM (June 16, 1934 – June 21, 2003) was a National Hockey League coach, and was responsible for many victories in the game. He is a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame in the builder category.

Early life and career 
Neilson was born in Toronto, Ontario. After attending North Toronto Collegiate Institute, his coaching career began as a student at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, and continued upon graduation with a degree in Physical Education in both hockey and baseball.

Neilson died on June 21, 2003 from bone and skin cancer in Peterborough, Ontario, aged 69.

References

Other websites
 McMaster Alumni Gallery 
 Order of Canada Citation
 Roger's House Website
 Roger Neilson's Hockey Camp and Coaches' Clinic Site

1934 births
2014 deaths
Canadian ice hockey coaches
Cancer deaths in Ontario
Deaths from bone cancer
Deaths from skin cancer
Sportspeople from Toronto
Phil Lord and Chris Miller (Phil: born April 21, 1977 in Miami, Florida, Chris: born September 23, 1975 in Everett, Washington) are American movie and television writers, producers, directors, actors and former animators. They are known for directing Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, 21 Jump Street, The Lego Movie, and 22 Jump Street.

Other websites

Duos
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American television writers
American screenwriters
Actors from Miami, Florida
Actors from Washington
Balanathan Benjamin "Balu" Mahendran (20 May 1939 – 13 February 2014) was an Indian filmmaker, screenwriter, editor and cinematographer. He was born and raised in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. He began his career in 1971, and made his break in 1977. He produced over twenty films in Hindi, Telugu, Malayalam and Tamil.

Mahendra died from a heart attack on 13 February 2014 in Chennai, India. He was 74.

References

Other websites

 

1939 births
2014 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in India
Cinematographers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian movie directors
Indian movie producers
Indian screenwriters
Sri Lankan people
Robert Harold Schuller (September 16, 1926 – April 2, 2015) was an American televangelist, pastor, motivational speaker, and author. He is best known for the weekly Hour of Power television program which he began in 1970. He was also the founder of the Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, California, where the Hour of Power program used to broadcast.

Schuller was born on September 16, 1926 in Alton, Iowa. He was of Dutch ancestry, and belonged to the Reformed Church in America. He married Arvella de Haan in 1950. They had five children together. She died on February 11, 2014.

Schuller died from complications of esophageal cancer in Artesia, California, aged 88.

References

Other websites

 

1926 births
2015 deaths
American Calvinists
Christian ministers
Christian writers
Deaths from esophageal cancer
People with cancer
Public speaking
Television evangelists
Writers from California
Writers from Iowa
Payback was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by the WWE. It was held on June 16, 2013 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the first Payback event held by the WWE. It replaced the No Way Out pay-per-view.

Matches

References

Other websites
Official Payback website

2013 in professional wrestling
WWE Payback
2013 in the United States
2010s in Illinois
June 2013 events
Maxine Kumin (June 6, 1925 – February 6, 2014) was an American poet and author. She became Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1981–1982.

Kumin died on February 6, 2014 in Warner, New Hampshire. She was 88. Her death came after a year of bad health. She had a husband, Victor, and three children.

References

Other websites

 

1925 births
2014 deaths
American poets
Disease-related deaths in New Hampshire
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American writers
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from New Hampshire
Ostrobothnia is a region in western Finland. As of November 2013, there were about 180,000 people living there. In 2010, about 51% of people living in Ostrobothnia spoke Swedish as their first language.

Municipalities 
15 municipalities, 6 of those are cities (marked bold).

 Isokyrö
 Kaskinen
 Korsholm
 Korsnäs
 Kristinestad
 Kruunupyy
 Laihia
 Luoto
 Malax
 Närpes
 Pedersöre
 Jakobstad
 Nykarleby
 Vaasa
 Vörå

Other websites 

 Webpage

Regions of Finland
Central Ostrobothnia is a region in western Finland. As of November 2013, almost 70,000 people lived there. Neighbouring regions are Ostrobothnia, Northern Ostrobothnia, Central Finland and Southern Ostrobothnia.

Municipalities 
Central Ostrobothnia has 8 municipalities, two of those are cities (marked bold).

 Halsua
 Kannus
 Kaustinen
 Kokkola
 Lestijärvi
 Perho
 Toholampi
 Veteli

Other websites 

 Official website

Regions of Finland
Southwest Finland is a region in Finland. As of November 2013, there were about 471,000 people living there. Neighbouring regions are Kanta-Häme, Pirkanmaa, Satakunta, Uusimaa and the Åland Islands.

Municipalities 
Southwest Finland has 28 municipalities, 11 of those are cities, listed below.

 Turku
 Salo
 Kaarina
 Raisio
 Naantali
 Loimaa
 Uusikaupunki
 Parainen
 Paimio
 Somero
 Laitila

Three municipalities:
 Vehmaa
 Oripää
 Masku

Other websites 

 Webpage

Regions of Finland
Southern Ostrobothnia is a region in western Finland. As of 2013, about 194,000 people lived there. The City of Seinäjoki is the center of the Southern Ostrobothnia. 

Neighbouring regions are Ostrobothnia, Central Ostrobothnia, Central Finland, Pirkanmaa and Satakunta.

Municipalities 
Southern Ostrobothnia has 18 municipalities, 8 of those are cities, listed below.

 Alajärvi
 Alavus
 Kauhajoki
 Kauhava
 Kurikka
 Lapua
 Seinäjoki
 Ähtäri

Other websites 

 Official website

Regions of Finland
Prince Escalus is a character in William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. He is the Prince of Verona. He holds authority over the Montague and Capulet families who are feuding. He first punishes Capulet and Montague for the quarrel between Tybalt, Benvolio, and a handful of servants. In his next appearance he is too late to stop the fatal fight between Romeo and Tybalt. After Romeo kills Tybalt, Prince Escalus banishes him from Verona. Prince Escalus returns in the final scene after the suicides of Romeo and Juliet, and at last orders the lords of the feuding families to make peace. The two make peace. Then Montague promises to make a golden statue of Juliet. Capulet promises to place a golden statue of Romeo next to the statue of their daughter.

References 

Characters in Shakespeare's plays
Montgomery Gentry was an American country music band. It was started in 1998. The band is made up of vocalists Eddie Montgomery and Troy Gentry. Both are from Kentucky. The duo is known for its Southern rock influences. They have collaborated with Charlie Daniels, Toby Keith, Five for Fighting, and members of the Allman Brothers Band. In 1999, they were awarded Favorite New Artist—Country at the American Music Awards. Both the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association named them Duo of the Year in 2000. They have been been nominated for this award by both associations in every year until 2016. 

In 2009, they were inducted into the Grand Ole Opry.

Troy Gentry died in a helicopter crash on September 8, 2017, aged 50.

Discography
Studio albums
 Tattoos & Scars (1999)
 Carrying On (2001)
 My Town (2002)
 You Do Your Thing (2004)
 Some People Change (2006)
 Back When I Knew It All (2008)
 Rebels on the Run (2011)
 TBA (2015)

Notes

References 

1998 establishments in the United States
Country bands 
Musical duos
20th-century establishments in Kentucky
Coronon, Davao del Sur is a barangay of Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur, Philippines. It is on the coast of Mindanao. Coronon's barangay captain is Proceso Gido II (Jun Gido). Coronon is next to the Mt. Apo Natrual Park Area.

Geography 
Coronon contains the Coronon River I, Coronon River II and the Coronon River III.

Climate 
Coronon has a favorable climate all year round. It has wet and dry seasons. It is inside the typhoon belt. Generally the months of November to April are dry periods. Wet season occurs from May to October. This type of climate is in the plain and coastal areas. Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. Most often in Coronon, heavy downpour occurs every afternoon while in the morning the sun shines.

Demographics 

Population census of Coronon
1970: 1
1975: 16
1980: 23
1985: 81
1990: 411
1995: 761
2000: 867
2005: 1,179
2010: 1,457
2014: 1,814

Source: National Statistics Office (2014)

Languages 
The languages spoken in Coronon are Tagalog, Cebuano, Mansakan and English.

Economy

Resources 

Agriculture... Among agriculture crops, coconut leads in production followed by banana and sugarcane. Other major crops are corn, coffee and vegetables. The barangay also produces high value fruits like mango, lanzones and durian. Cattle leads in livestock production.

Fisheries... The 24-kilometer long coastline of Coronon which forms part of the Davao Gulf provides a rich fishing grounds and is suitable for aquaculture.

Mineral... Deposits of sulfur ore, rock phosphate, guano, limestone and cement raw materials were also traced but still have to be tapped for commercial and industrial uses.

Forestry... Tropical evergreen and other timber cover the vast timberland and forest area. Rattan, bamboo and other vines are also in abundance.

Major industries 
Banana, Coconut and Seaweed cultivation.

Existing industries 
Franklin Baker Company of the Phils - established in 1968 and produces 20-25 million pounds of desiccated coconut annually.
Gido Farm - established in 2014 and produces 1-2 million pounds of produce.

Under construction 
Harry's - is a restaurant under construction.
The Port of Coronon - is a port on the coast of Coronon.

Planned industries 
Coronon Rizal Airport - is an airport going to be built on an artificial island in the Davao Gulf.

Education

Schools 
Coronon Elementary School
Panaytubo Elementary ng Coronon

Barangays
1970 establishments in Asia
1970s establishments in the Philippines
John Goodwin Tower (September 29, 1925 – April 5, 1991) was an American politician. He was the first Republican United States senator from Texas since Reconstruction. 

He served from 1961 until his retirement on January 3, 1985, after which time he was appointed as the chairman of the Reagan-appointed Tower Commission that investigated the Iran-Contra Affair. He was George Herbert Walker Bush's nominee for Secretary of Defense in 1989 but was rejected by the Senate, 53–47.

On April 5, 1991, Tower and his middle daughter, Marian, and the astronaut Sonny Carter were killed along with twenty other people in the crash of Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 2311.

Other websites
Handbook of Texas article on John Tower
Oral History Interviews with John Tower, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library 

 Southwestern University and SMU's John G. Tower Digital Media Collection contains videos and audios by John Tower throughout his career.
Booknotes interview with Roger Gittines on Consequences: John G. Tower, A Personal and Political Memoir, June 30, 1991. 
John G. Tower Papers – Official repository for John Tower's Senate and personal papers, Special Collections, Southwestern University.
Speech by John Tower given on November 11, 1970. Audio recording. From the University of Alabama's Emphasis Symposium on Contemporary Issues.

1925 births
1991 deaths
Aviation deaths
United States senators from Texas
Politicians from Houston, Texas
US Republican Party politicians
Abraham Jaffee (born March 13, 1921), known as Al Jaffee, is an American cartoonist. He is known for his work in the satirical magazine Mad, including his trademark feature, the Mad Fold-in. As of 2013, Jaffee remains a regular in the magazine after 58 years and is its longest-running contributor. Only one issue of Mad has been published since 1964 without containing new material by Jaffee.

Jaffee was born March 13, 1921 in Savannah, Georgia.

References

Other websites

 Complete list of Jaffee's Mad articles
 Al Jaffee Wins the Reuben Award, Cartoonist of the Year
 Part One of a Jaffee interview , TheDailyCrosshatch.com
 Part Two of a Jaffee interview , TheDailyCrosshatch.com
 Part Three of a Jaffee interview , TheDailyCrosshatch.com
 "Fold-Ins, Past and Present", NYTimes.com interactive feature, March 28, 2008

1921 births
Living people
American comics artists
People from Savannah, Georgia
Ralph Waite (June 22, 1928 – February 13, 2014) was an American actor. He is best known for his role as John Walton, Sr., on the 1970s CBS TV series The Waltons. He played the slave ship third mate Slater in the mini-series Roots.

Waite died on February 13, 2014, aged 85, from natural causes

References

Other websites

Ralph Waite at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection 

1928 births
2014 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York
The Stasi was the official state security service of East Germany, the German Democratic Republic or GDR. The Stasi motto was "Schild und Schwert der Partei" (Shield and Sword of the Party). "The Party" was the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany. The main job of the Stasi was to prevent opposition to the Party.

It was one of the most effective and ruthless secret police agencies in the world. The Stasi headquarter was in East Berlin, with a group of buildings in Lichtenberg and several other buildings in Berlin. 

One of its main tasks was spying on the people, through a vast network of citizens who were informants ("snitches"). Informants were paid, or given favours for this.  

The Stasi also worked as an intelligence agency abroad, using espionage and covert operations in foreign countries. Under its long-time head Markus Wolf it got a reputation as one of the most effective intelligence agencies of the Cold War. After German reunification in 1990, many Stasi officials were prosecuted for their crimes. The files that the Stasi had kept on millions of East Germans were laid open. Now citizens can see their personal files on request; these files are kept by the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Archives.

References 

1950 establishments in Europe
1990 disestablishments in Germany
East Germany
Intelligence agencies
1950s establishments in Germany
The langar (, ) is a common kitchen where food is served at a Sikh temple (gurdwara). One is attached to every temple, and the food is served to all the visitors for free. At the langar, only vegetarian food is served. It is usually bread (poori), yogurt and lentils. Samosas and spring rolls are served on special occasions. Kheer may be served as a dessert.

The langar is open to both Sikhs and people who are not Sikhs. After a person eats at the langar they are not supposed to eat meat for the rest of the day.

Sikhism
Siilinjärvi is a municipality in Northern Savonia, Finland. It had almost 21,600 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are  Kuopio, Lapinlahti and Maaninka.

History
Siilinjärvi was established 1925.

Villages
Aappola, Hakkarala, Hamula, Heinämäki, Jälä, Jännevirta, Kaaraslahti, Kasurila, Kehvo, Koivumäki, Koivusaari, Kolmisoppi, Kumpunen, Kuuslahti, Lehdonkylä, Pajujärvi, Pöljä, Rissala, Räimä, Siimes and Väänälänranta.

Other websites 

 The official Siilinjärvi page

Municipalities of Northern Savonia
Pallastunturi is the southestern part of a 50 kilometre-long mountain chain in Lapland, Finland. It is a group of seven fells located in Muonio and Enontekiö municipalities.

Other websites

 Pictures 

Geography of Finland
Chemical synapses are synapses that use chemical messengers called neurotransmitters to transmit signals. They are found all over the body. Especially in the central nervous system and the brain.

Neurons use electrical signals to carry information. These signals are called action potentials. There are an estimated 86 billion neurons in the average human brain. Neurons don't act alone. They need to connect to other neurons and pass messages between each other. The electrical signal cannot pass the gap between neurons alone. This is why neurotransmitters are needed to pass signals from one neuron to the next. In this sense they differ from electrical synapses which pass electric signals directly to the next neuron. Chemical synapses can be further classified depending upon function and structure.

Structure 
The structure of a typical chemical synapse comes in three parts: 
 The pre-synaptic terminal is usually on the axon. This releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. The pre-synaptic terminal is the first part of synaptic transmission and so has a "pre-" prefix.
 The synaptic membrane of the post-synaptic cell is usually on the dendrite of the next neuron. This absorbs neurotransmitters into the post-synaptic neuron (the neuron that is receiving the signal). The post-synaptic cell is the last part of the transmission process and so has a "post-" suffix.
 The synaptic cleft is the bit in the middle of the two membranes. This space is filled with an extracellular (extra- = outside of. cellular = live cell.) matrix of proteins that mainly acts to hold the two neurons together.

Two types of chemical synapse 
 Type I synapses are the more common chemical synapse in the human brain. These synapses excite (trigger) the next neuron. The next neuron produces an action potential when this synaptic transmission happens. These synapses are usually found on dendrites of the post-synaptic cell. The pre-synaptic terminal is found on the axon of the neuron that sends the transmission (pre-synaptic cell). Type I synapses are symmetrical in shape.
 Type II synapses are less common in the human brain.  These synapses are asymmetrical in shape. They inhibit. Instead of causing an action potential in the next neuron, these synapses stop an action potential. They are less common than type I synapses.

References 

Anatomy of the nervous system
Waterloo, Ontario is a city in Southern Ontario, Canada. It is very close to the city of Kitchener, Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are often referred to together as "Kitchener-Waterloo", or "KW". They are sometimes called "the Tri-City" (to include the City of Cambridge). All three have separate city governments.

The University of Waterloo and Wilfred Laurier University are in Waterloo. The headquarters of mobile phone maker BlackBerry is there.

Waterloo has a population of 97,475 (as of 2006). University of Waterloo is marked the 4th best university in Canada. (Wilfred Laurier is 30th)

References 

Cities in Ontario
Michael Anthony "Mike" Stepovich (March 12, 1919 – February 14, 2014) was an American lawyer and politician. Stepovich from 1957 to 1958, served as the last Governor of Alaska Territory. 

Stepovich was born to Michael and Olga (Barta) Stepovich in Fairbanks, Alaska on March 12, 1919. He studied at the University of Portland, at Gonzaga University, and at Notre Dame Law School. Stepovich was married to Matilda Baricevic until his death in 2014.

Following his education and military service during World War II, Stepovich created a law practice in his home town of Fairbanks, Alaska and began his political career by winning three terms in the Alaska Territorial legislature. 

During his term as governor, he was a leading advocate in the effort to gain statehood for Alaska. Following Alaska's admission to the union, he made an unsuccessful run for a U.S. Senate seat and two unsuccessful attempts to be elected Governor of Alaska.

He was hospitalized after suffering a head injury on February 8, 2014 as result of a fall while visiting his son in San Diego, California, aged 94.

References

Other websites
 Mike Stepovich at 100 Years of Alaska's Legislature

1919 births
2014 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Lawyers from Alaska
Governors of Alaska
US Republican Party politicians
People from Fairbanks, Alaska
Gillo Dorfles (12 April 1910 – 2 March 2018) was an Italian art critic, painter, and philosopher. Dorfles graduated in medicine, specializing in psychiatry. He was a professor in aesthetics at the University of Trieste, Milan and Cagliari. In 1948, he co-founded the Movimento per l'arte concreta (MAC) with artists Atanasio Soldati, Galliano Mazzon, Gianni Monnet, and Bruno Munari.

Dorfles was born on 12 April 1910 in Trieste. He died on 2 March 2018 at 107 years old in Milan.

Related pages
 List of Italian painters

References

Other websites

 

1910 births
2018 deaths
20th-century philosophers
21st-century philosophers
Art critics
Centenarians
Italian academics
Italian painters
Italian philosophers
People from Trieste
Psychiatrists
Elizabeth Welter Wilson (April 4, 1921 – May 9, 2015) was a Tony Award-winning American actress. She appeared in movies such as Picnic (1955), The Goddess (1958), The Tunnel of Love (1958), A Child Is Waiting (1963), The Birds (1963), The Graduate (1967), Catch-22 (1970), The Day of the Dolphin (1973), The Prisoner of Second Avenue (1975), 9 to 5 (1980), Grace Quigley (1985), Regarding Henry (1991), The Addams Family (1991), Quiz Show (1994), and Hyde Park on Hudson (2012).

Wilson was born on April 4, 1921 in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She was of English and German ancestry. She was elected to the Theatre Hall of Fame in 2007. Wilson died at her home in New Haven, Connecticut, aged 94.

References

Other websites

 

1921 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Tony Award winning actors
MD, Md, mD or md may refer to:

Places
 Moldova (ISO country code MD)
 Maryland (United States postal abbreviation MD)
 Magdeburg (vehicle plate prefix MD), a city in Germany
 Mödling District (vehicle plate prefix MD), in Lower Austria, Austria

People
 Major Douglas (1879–1952), British Engineer and pioneer of the Social Credit economic reform movement
 Muhammad (name) or Mohammed (Md)

Arts, entertainment, and media

Music
  or  (MD or m.d.), used in piano scores to mark sequences of notes that are to be played with the right hand
 MiniDisc, an optical storage medium developed by Sony
 Music director; the term "MD" is used particularly in musical theatre

Other arts, entertainment, and media
 MDs (TV series), a 2002 made-for-television medical drama
 , ("Materials and discussions for the analysis of classical texts"), an Italian classics journal
 Mega Drive, a game console produced by Sega

Brands and enterprises
 Air Madagascar (IATA airline code MD)
 McDonnell Douglas (aircraft model prefix MD), a former aerospace manufacturer that later merged with Boeing

Science and technology

Biology and medicine
 Doctor of Medicine (MD), from the Latin 
 Medial dorsal nucleus, a large nucleus in the thalamus
 Muscular dystrophy, a genetic and hereditary muscle disease
 MD (Ayurveda), a degree in the Indian medical system of Ayurveda

Computing
 .md, Internet top-level domain for Moldova
 Markdown (file extension .md), a format
 mdadm (multiple device), a device driver used to support RAID in the Linux kernel
 Message-digest algorithm, a cryptographic hashing function
 Microdrive, a type of miniature hard drive
 mkdir or md, an operating system command to create a directory

Other uses in science and technology
 Mean absolute difference, a measure of statistical dispersion
 Mendelevium (Md), a chemical element
 Mesoscale discussion, a short-term technical meteorological forecast concerning convection; See Storm Prediction Center or Weather Prediction Center
 Methyldichloroarsine, a blister agent used in chemical warfare
 Millidarcy (mD), a unit of fluid permeability
 Molecular dynamics, a method of computer simulation of molecular interaction
 Membrane distillation, a process of membrane filtration
 Earthquake duration magnitude ()

Other uses
 MD, 1500 in Roman numerals
 Majority decision, a winning criterion in several full-contact combat sports
 Man-day, amount of work performed by the average worker in one day
 Managing director, a chief executive
 Marque déposée (MD), an international trademarking symbol in countries where French is the dominant language; See Unicode subscripts and superscripts
 Match Director (MD), person who handles the overall match administration before, after and during an International Practical Shooting Confederation match
 Memorial Day

Related pages
 Medium (disambiguation)
Juupajoki is a municipality in Pirkanmaa, Finland. It had almost 2,050 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Jämsä, Mänttä-Vilppula, Orivesi and Ruovesi.

History
Juupajoki was established 1813.

Other websites 

 The official Juupajoki page

Municipalities of Finland
Albert Napoleon "Rene" Ricard (July 23, 1946 – February 1, 2014) was an American poet, actor, art critic, and painter.

He was born on July 23, 1946 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was raised in Acushnet. At age eighteen, he became a protégé of Andy Warhol. He appeared in the Warhol movies Kitchen (1965), Chelsea Girls (1966), and The Andy Warhol Story (1966). In the 1980s, he wrote a series of influential essays for Artforum magazine. Ricard was openly gay. At the time of his death, he was living at the Hotel Chelsea in Manhattan, New York City with his partner, Rita Barros, a Portuguese artist and photographer.

He died from cancer on February 1, 2014 at the Bellevue Hospital Center in New York City. He was 67.

References

Other websites
 

1946 births
2014 deaths
American movie actors
American painters
American poets
Art critics
Cancer deaths in New York City
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT people from Massachusetts
LGBT poets
Writers from Boston, Massachusetts
The General Medical Council (GMC) is a fee-based registered charity with statutory obligation to maintain a register of medical practitioners within the United Kingdom. Registration with the GMC confers a number of privileges and duties.

Purpose 
There is a legal requirement for a register, the list of  "registered medical practitioners" in Britain. That is the main job of the GMC. The GMC controls entry to the List of Registered Medical Practitioners ("the medical register"). "The main objective of the General Council in exercising their functions is to protect, promote and maintain the health and safety of the public".
 
Secondly, the GMC regulates and sets the standards for medical schools in the UK. It liaises with other nations' medical and university regulatory bodies over medical schools overseas, leading to some qualifications being mutually recognised. Since 2010, it also regulates postgraduate medical education.

Thirdly, the GMC is responsible for a licensing and revalidation system for all practising doctors in the UK, separate from the registration system. This was done by order of the Privy Council on 3 December 2012.

Right to free choice 
Citizens have a right to free choice in a democracy. Therefore, medical activities by an unregistered person is not absolutely banned:

However, most activities connected with being a doctor are effectively banned:

References 

Medical and health organizations in the United Kingdom
Kilpisjärvi is a village in Enontekiö municipality in Lapland, Finland.

History
About 10 km west of Kilpisjärvi is Treriksröset. This is the point where the borders of Finland, Norway and Sweden meet. A monument was built at the exact point in 1926. It replaced an earlier marker built of stone in 1897.

Other websites

 Kilpisjärvi Village's website 

Municipalities of Finland
Varkaus is a town in Northern Savonia, Finland. As of January 2014 Varkaus had a population almost of 22,100 people. Neighbouring municipalities are Heinävesi, Joroinen, Leppävirta, Rantasalmi and Savonlinna.

The former municipality of Kangaslampi was merged with Varkaus on 1 January 2005.

In Joroinen is a small airport called Varkauden lenteasema.

Other websites 

 Website, finnish, english and in russian

Towns in Finland
Municipalities of Northern Savonia
William Clarke (6 February 1948 – 2 February 2014), better known by his stage names Bunny Rugs and Bunny Scott, was a Jamaican reggae musician. He was best known as a member of the band reggae band Third World.

Early life and career 
He was born on 6 February 1948 in Mandeville. He was raised in the capital city, Kingston. He began his career in the mid-1960s. He was also at one time a member of the and Inner Circle and half of the duo Bunny & Ricky.

Death 
Clarke died from leukaemia on 2 February 2014 at an intensive care facility in Orlando, Florida in the United States. He was 65. He was outlived by his wife and eight children.

References

1948 births
2014 deaths
Jamaican singers
Reggae musicians
Deaths from leukemia
Cancer deaths in the United States
Academic art was an artistic style that was popular from the 17th to the 19th century. Different art schools laid down rules on what a good painting or artwork shouls look like. Academic art was influenced by these rules, and was about applying them when creating a work of art. Academic art is a form of Realism in art. One of the main ideas that influenced academic art was that of Aristotle: A work of art should give a selective, but true copy of a part of reality. This idea was transformed into the concept of mimesis, or imitation. Together with thisidea, there were a number of subjects that were acceptable for painting or sculpture. Very often, the subjects came from mythology

The École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris had a lot of influence on the movement. At the time Neoclassicism and Romanticism were the main movements at the school. 

With later art styles, especially that of impressionism, academic art losts its importance.

Well known artists who painted in the academic art style include William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Alexandre Cabanel, Eugene de Blaas, Edward Poynter, Wilhelm Bendz and Alexander Ivanov.

Art
Pertunmaa is a municipality in Southern Savonia, Finland. As of January 2014 almost 1,850 people lived there. The municipalities next to it are Hartola, Heinola, Hirvensalmi, Mäntyharju and Joutsa. 

A story says that the municipality got its name from a man named Perttu. He was the only ruler in Pertunmaa.

Other websites

 Official Pertunmaa page

Municipalities of Southern Savonia
Hurricane Inez was a very deadly late season hurricane. This storm happened late September to mid October 1966. Inez had winds of just over 150 miles an hour (almost Category 5 level). The storm went across Cuba, the Florida Keys, Hispaniola and Mexico. Inez killed over 1,000 people. It caused $226.5 million (1966 USD) in damage.

The name Inez was retired the next spring.

Hurricanes in Florida
1960s in Cuba
1966 in the United States
1960s in Florida
1960s in Mexico
Hurricanes in Mexico
Nivala is a city in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. As of January 2014, almost 10,950 people lived there. Nearby municipalities are Haapajärvi, Haapavesi, Sievi and Ylivieska. The historical name of Nivala is Pidisjärvi.

Other websites

 Official website 
 Newspaper

Cities in Finland
Municipalities of Northern Ostrobothnia
Hurricane Cleo was an intense hurricane that happened in late August-early September 1964. The highest winds speeds were measured at 140 miles per hour on 23 August. The storm went across Guadeloupe and Hispaniola, killing 214. It later struck from southeastern Florida to Virginia. Overall damage was just over $198 million in 1964 USD.

Due to high death count and severe damage, the name Cleo was retired in the spring of 1965.

References 

1964
Guadeloupe
Hurricanes
Hurricanes in the United States
Majesty is an English word from the , meaning greatness. It is a style of address. It is often used when directly addressing or referring to a monarch. The plural form is Their Majesties. The style ranks above Royal Highness.

Examples of modern usage
 His Majesty King Philippe of the Belgians. 
 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom. 
 His Majesty His Majesty King Juan Carlos. (King of Spain.

Examples of past usage

His Majesty King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia. Referred to in British literature as Sardinian Majesty. 
His Majesty King Frederick II of Prussia.

Related pages 
King
Queen

References 

Styles (manners of address)
Diplomacy
The Washington Hilton, which was officially known as the Hilton Washington for a period in the early 21st century and is sometimes referred to ironically as the Hinckley Hilton by locals, is a hotel in Washington, D.C. It is located at 1919 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., roughly at the boundaries of the Kalorama, Dupont Circle, and Adams Morgan neighborhoods.

The hotel was the site of the assassination attempt on President Ronald Reagan by John Hinckley, Jr. on March 30, 1981.  The attempt occurred at the hotel's T Street NW exit.

References

Other websites

 Official site
 Ladies and Gentlement, From Los Angeles, California ... The Doors! - 1967 Doors concert at Washington Hilton
 Hendrix Plays the Washington Hilton (1968) - 1968 Jimi Hendrix concert at the Washington Hilton and review from the Washington Post

Buildings and structures in Washington, D.C.
1965 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Washington, D.C.
Herbert Blöcker (1 January 1943 – 15 February 2014) was a German equestrian and Olympic medalist. He won a silver medal in eventing at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

He was born in Schleswig-Holstein. In 2008, both he and his Olympic horse, "Feine Dame", were inducted into the International Association of Eventing Hall of Fame. He died of cancer in 2014 at age 71 at Elmshorn.

References

1943 births
2014 deaths
Cancer deaths in Germany
Equestrians
German Olympic bronze medalists
German Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Schleswig-Holstein
George Edward Akerson (September 5, 1889 – December 21, 1937) was an American journalist and politician. He was the first official White House Press Secretary.

Akerson was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota on September 5, 1889. He studied at the University of Minnesota and Allegheny College. In 1910 Akerson started at Harvard University, later receiving a BA in Political Science in 1912.

Akerson married Harriet Blake, a Wellesley College graduate, on June 28, 1915. They had three sons.

Akerson developed kidney disease. He died on December 21, 1937 in New York City, New York, aged 48.

Further reading
 Moffett, L. W. "Akerson, Hoover's Right Hand Man, Surely Is The Boy Who Made Good." The Shield of Phi Kappa Psi (December 1929), pgs. 113-121.
 "G. E. Akerson Dies; Ex-Aide to Hoover." New York Times (Dec. 22, 1937), pg. 25.

Other websites
  
  

1889 births
1937 deaths
Deaths from kidney disease
White House Press Secretaries
American journalists
Writers from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Politicians from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Briarcliff Manor  is a village in Westchester County, New York. The village is less than  north of New York City. It is shared between the towns of Mount Pleasant and Ossining, and its ZIP code is 10510. The village is on the east bank of the Hudson River, and includes the communities of Scarborough and Chilmark.

The village motto is "A village between two rivers", because of Briarcliff Manor's location between the Hudson and Pocantico Rivers. Briarcliff Manor was founded by Walter William Law in 1902, and has grown from 331 people then to 7,867 in 2010.

The area was known as Whitson's Corners until Walter Law developed the village during the 1890s. A part of the village, including buildings and homes covering , is part of the Scarborough Historic District and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Briarcliff Manor celebrated its centennial on November 21, 2002.

References

Further reading 
  For further information on the history of Briarcliff Manor.
  For further information on village history and life. 
  For more information on the Briarcliff Congregational Church and Walter Law.
  For details about the Briarcliff Lodge and its history.

Other websites

 Official website for the Village of Briarcliff Manor
 
 Geographic date related to Briarcliff Manor, New York at OpenStreetMap

Villages in New York
Caroline Aaron (earlier: Caroline Sidney Abady; born August 7, 1952) is an American actress. She played the character of Martha Ingels in the 1992 movie This is My Life. She also played the part of Annie in 21 Jump Street (a 2012 action comedy). She has a number of other acting roles to her credit in both film and television.

Aaron was born in Richmond, Virginia.

Reference

American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Virginia
1952 births
Living people
American Jews
American movie producers
American stage actors
People from Richmond, Virginia
Pseudonyms
Jane Got a Gun is an American action western movie. The movie is about a woman named Jane being married to a bad man. Jane, however, longs for a man named Dan Frost. Natalie Portman plays Jane Hammond. The Weinstein Company will distribute the movie.

The movie was released on January 29, 2016.

References

2016 movies
2010s action thriller movies
2010s western movies
American action thriller movies
American western movies
Federico Campbell (1 July 1941 – 15 February 2014) was a Mexican author, reporter and journalist. Born in Tijuana he gained success after moving to Mexico City.

Biography
Campbell was born on 1 July 1941 in Tijuana, Baja California. Campbell was the son of Carmen Quiroz, a teacher, and Federico Campbell, a telegraph operator. His father's Scottish-American ancestors migrated to Mexico from Virginia in the 1830s. He had two sisters Sarina and Silvia Campbell Quiroz.

He was best known for the short story collection Tijuanenses (Tijuana: Stories on the Border). In 2000, he won the Colima Prize for Fiction with his book Transpeninsular. In 1995, he was awarded the J. S. Guggenheim Fellowship. He has translated Harold Pinter, David Mamet and Leonardo Sciascia into Spanish. He also had one son, Federico Campbell Peña who, like his father, is a writer and a journalist.

Campbell died from a stroke on 15 February 2014 in Mexico City. He was 72.

Works
 Pretexta (1979)
 Todo lo de las focas (1982; All about Seals)
 Tijuanenses (1989; Tijuana: Stories on the Border, 1995)
 La memoria de Sciascia (1989; Sciascia's Memory)
 La invención del poder (1994; The Invention of Power)
 Post scriptum triste (1994)
 Máscara negra (1995; Black Mask)
 Transpeninsular (2000)
 La clave Morse (2001; The Morse Code)
 El imperio del adiós (2002; The Empire of Farewell).

References

Other websites
 

1941 births
2014 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Mexico
Deaths from stroke
Mexican essayists
Mexican journalists
"Skyfall" is a song by Adele. It was used in a James Bond movie also called Skyfall. The tone is dark and melancholy. It received the Best Original Song award at the 70th Golden Globes and 85th Academy Awards. The song hit #1 on some music charts across the world.  It reached the top ten in the UK, US, and Canada.

It was released at 0:07 British Summer Time on 5 October 2012.

2012 songs
Pop songs
Adele songs
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songs