Sovereign states

A
 Andorra – Principality of Andorra
 Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole
 – Argentine Republic
 Aro – Aro Confederacy
 – Asante Union
 – Austro-Hungarian Empire
Azande Empire
Annam
Afghanistan

B
Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi
 – Kingdom of Belgium
 – Benin Empire
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan
 – Republic of Bolivia
 Bora Bora – Kingdom of Bora Bora
 Bornu – Bornu Empire
 →  → 
Empire of Brazil (to November 15, 1889)
Republic of the United States of Brazil (from November 15, 1889)
 – Sultanate of Brunei
 Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda
 Bulgaria – Principality of Bulgaria
 Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara
 Burma – Kingdom of Burma (to 1885)
Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi (to November 8, 1884)
Kingdom of Bali

C
 – Dominion of Canada
 – Republic of Chile
 →  – Great Qing
 Colombia
United States of Colombia (to 1886)
Republic of Colombia (from 1886)
 – Congo Free State (from July 1, 1885)
Cook Islands  Rarotonga
 – Republic of Costa Rica
State of Chitral
[independent in all but name] Chukchi
Kingdom of Champasak 
Chokwe Kingdom

D

Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey
 Dai Nam – Dai Nam Realm (to August 25, 1883)
 – Kingdom of Denmark
 – Dominican Republic

E
 – Republic of Ecuador
 El Salvador – El Salvador
 – Ethiopian Empire
Eastern Bolivian Guarani (Chiriguanos)Apiaguaiki Tumpa Battle of Kuruyuki.

F
 France – French Republic
 Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon
Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro

G
Garo – Kingdom of Garo (to 1883)
Gera – Kingdom of Gera (to 1887)
 – German Empire
Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma (to 1886)
 Goshen – State of Goshen (from October 24, 1882 to August 6, 1883)
 Greece – Kingdom of Greece
 Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma (to 1885)
Gaza Empire
Geledi Sultanate
Gyaman

H
 Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il
 – Republic of Haiti
  –Emirate of Harar
 Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii
 – Republic of Honduras
 Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine
Hunza

I
 Italy – Kingdom of Italy

J
Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
 – Empire of Japan
Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma (to 1884)
 Johor – Sultanate of Johor (to December 11, 1885)
 – Jolof Kingdom (to 1889)
Jarawa tribe

K
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso (to 1880)
Kong – Kong Empire
 Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
 →  →  →  →  →  →  Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon
Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya
Kakongo

L
 – Republic of Liberia
 – Principality of Liechtenstein
Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
Loango – Kingdom of Loango (to 1883)
Luba – Luba Empire (to 1889)
Lunda – Lunda Empire (to 1887)
 – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M
 Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives (to 1887)
Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
 – United Mexican States
 – Principality of Monaco
 – Principality of Montenegro
 – Sultanate of Morocco
 Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
Mbunda Kingdom
Neutral Moresnet

N
 Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
 Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal
 – Kingdom of The Netherlands
 →  Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
 Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden)
Nagar

O

 – Sublime Ottoman State
Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire
Oyo – Oyo Empire

P
 Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang (to 1888)
 – Republic of Paraguay
 Persia – Sublime State of Persia
 – Peruvian Republic
 Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal
Pohnpei

R
 →  Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea (to 19 March 1888)
 Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui (to September 9, 1888)
 Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga (to 1888)
 Romania
 United Principalities of Romania (to March 15, 1881)
 Kingdom of Romania (from March 15, 1881)
 →  Russia – Russian Empire
Rumbati kingdom of West Papua 
Red Nation 
Republic of Independent Guiana

S
Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa
 – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
 – Kingdom of Sarawak
 Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
 →  Serbia
Principality of Serbia (to March 6, 1882)
Kingdom of Serbia (from March 6, 1882)
 – Kingdom of Siam
Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim
 Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
 Spain – Kingdom of Spain
 Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
 – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway)
 – Swiss Confederation
Swat 
Saloum 
Senussi Order

T
 Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti (to June 29, 1880)
 – Kingdom of Tonga
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire
 Tunis – Beylik of Tunis

U
 – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
 – United States of America
 – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V
 – United States of Venezuela
Prisoner in the Vatican

W
 Wassoulou – Wassoulou Empire
Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta
Wangkathaa peoples 
Sultanate of Wadai

Y
Yeke – Yeke Kingdom

Z
  – Sultanate of Zanzibar (to February 17, 1885)
  – Kingdom of Zulu (to 1887)

States claiming sovereignty
 Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
 Cuba – Republic of Cuba
 Franceville – Independent Commune of Franceville (from August 9, 1889)
Goust – Republic of Goust
 Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
 →  Stellaland – Republic of Stellaland (from July 26, 1882 to September 30, 1885)
 – South African Republic (from August 3, 1881)

Lists of countries in the 19th century