cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Douglas Frederick "Doug" Manchester (born June 3, 1942) is an American businessman and philanthropist. He is the former chairman of Manchester Financial Group, past chairman and publisher of The San Diego Union-Tribune. In January of 2019 Manchester was nominated by President Donald Trump to become United States Ambassador to the Bahamas. His nomination was withdrawn in November 2019

Manchester has built some of the tallest hotels and office buildings in San Diego, including the San Diego Marriott Marquis & Marina and the Manchester Grand Hyatt, and is credited as a driving force behind the development of the San Diego Convention Center. Manchester also built the triple 5-star Grand Del Mar Resort & Spa, which sold to Fairmont Hotels & Resorts in 2015, and he maintains a minority ownership.

Manchester built the Torrey Executive Centre, Manchester Financial Building, Whitetail Lodge and Golf Club, and is currently building the Fairmont Austin hotel in Austin, Texas.

References

1942 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Politicians from Los Angeles
US Republican Party politicians
John R. Bass (born 1964) is an American diplomat. He is the current United States Ambassador to Afghanistan since December 2017. He served as the United States Ambassador to Turkey from 2014 to 2016. He was United States Ambassador to Georgia from 2009 to 2012.

President Donald Trump named him as his choice to become the United States Ambassador to Afghanistan on July 20, 2017. On September 28, 2017, his nomination was confirmed by the Senate.

References

1964 births
Living people
Ambassadors of the United States
Politicians from New York
Jeffrey Dean Morgan (born April 22, 1966) is an American actor. He is known for playing John Winchester on Supernatural, Denny Duquette on the medical drama Grey's Anatomy, The Comedian in the 2009 superhero movie Watchmen, Jason Crouse on The Good Wife, and Negan on The Walking Dead. 

Morgan portrays Thomas Wayne in the DC Extended Universe beginning with Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016).

References

1966 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American video game actors
Actors from Seattle, Washington
This is a list of notable Turkish scientists.

G
 Feza Gürsey - elected as a member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences; mathematician and physicist; he died in 1992

M
 Mehmet Öz, scientist, surgeon and author

R
 Piri Reis, Ottoman cartographer and admiral; he died in  1554 or 1555
 Dani Rodrik

S
 Aziz Sancar, received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Tomas Lindahl and Paul Modrich for mechanistic studies of DNA repair

Related pages
 List of scientists

References 

Turkish
scientists
The Citroën Jumpy (Citroën Dispatch in some countries) is a series of vans and passenger vans produced by Citroën in three generations since 1994. It is builded in cooperation with Fiat and Peugeot.

Fiat and Peugeot made the same vehicle but with different names, The names were  Fiat Scudo and Peugeot Expert.

First generation (1994–2006) 
Citroën created the first generation Jumpy in June 1994, In 1995 Citroën renamed their model to "'Dispatch'" in some countries. Peugeot created Peugeot Expert in July 1995.

In March 2004, the model was improved at the front and back, It had a new grille, new bonnet, new bumper and different headlamps.

Second generation (2007–2016) 
The second generation Citroën Junpy/Dispatch was created in November 2006, The Peugeot Expert was created in January 2007.

In February 2011, the model was improved at the front and back, It had a new grille, new bonnet, new bumper and different headlamps and brakelights.

In July 2013, Toyota made the same vehicle but with a different name, The name was: Toyota ProAce.

The PSA/Fiat joint venture ended in March 2016 which meant Fiat wouldn't be creating any more Fiat Scudos.

Third generation (2016–) 
The third generation Citroën Junpy/Dispatch, Peugeot Expert and Toyota ProAce vans were created in 2016.

The passenger vans were created in 2016 but they have different names, They are called: Citroën SpaceTourer, Peugeot Traveller and Toyota ProAce Verso.

References

Other websites

Front wheel drive vehicles
Vans
William M. "Sonny" Landham (February 11, 1941 – August 17, 2017) was an American actor, stunt man and politician. He played tracker Billy Sole in the action movie Predator.

Landham was born in Canton, Georgia. He studied at the University of Georgia.

Landham spent three years in prison after being convicted on federal charges of making threatening phone calls to his wife before the U.S. Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the conviction in May 2001.

In 2003, Landham ran in the Republican Party primary election for the post of Governor of Kentucky. He was unsuccessful in gaining the party's nomination. He ran briefly as an independent candidate, but withdrew on June 18. In January 2004, Landham announced his candidacy for the 27th State Senate District of Kentucky. He lost the election.

On September 19, 2006, Landham was injured in a four-car accident in Ashland, Kentucky.

On June 25, 2008, Landham announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate seat currently held by Mitch McConnell on the Libertarian line. The same day Landham was accused of calling for genocide against Arabs (whom Landham referred to as "camel dung shovelers," "camel jockeys," and "rag-heads") for his comments on the political radio show The Weekly Filibuster. hree days later, on June 28, the Kentucky Libertarians voted unanimously to withdraw Landham's nomination, citing his comments were not in keeping with the party's platform and values.

Landham died of congestive heart failure in Lexington, Kentucky on August 17, 2017 at the age of 78.

References

Other websites

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
Actors from Kentucky
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
US Libertarian Party politicians
Pertti Johannes Alaja (18 February 1952 – 18 August 2017) was a Finnish footballer. He was born in Helsinki, Finland. He played as a goalkeeper. He played for HJK Helsinki, Haka, Oulun Työväen Palloilijat, Ikast, Edmonton Drillers, Malmö FF and for the Finland national football team.

Alaja was elected as the 15th president of the Football Association of Finland on 14 October 2012, replacing Sauli Niinistö.

Alaja died in Espoo, Finland, on 18 August 2017 of cancer at the age of 65.

References

1952 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cancer
Finnish footballers
Sportspeople from Helsinki
On 18 August 2017, around 16:00 local time (UTC+3), several people were stabbed in central Turku, Finland. Alarm was first raised at 16:02 and by 16:05 the suspect had been captured. At least two people were killed in the attack.

On 18 August 2017, at 16:02 local time, several people were stabbed at Central Market Square in central Turku, Finland. The attacker, later described by the police as a young male of foreign background, then stabbed several people on his way to Puutori, where he was shot in the leg by the police and arrested at 16:05.

The Turku City Library and Hansa Emporium were evacuated, and the police initially advised people to avoid the city centre area.

The police increased security in Helsinki Airport and Helsinki Central railway station, along with other transport hubs across Finland. 

At 19:00 local time, the police held a press conference where they reported that they were not investigating the incident as a terrorist attack, but the possibility that it was a terrorist attack had not been ruled out.

References

2017 murders in Europe
21st century in Finland
August 2017 events

Islamic terrorist incidents in 2017
Islamic terrorist incidents in Europe
Mass stabbings in Europe
Terrorist incidents in Europe in 2017
2017 stabbings
Sapa'u Ruperake Petaia (born 11 April 1951) is a Samoan poet and writer.

He is known for writing about the effects of colonialism and Western influences on Samoan culture and society.

Petaia was born in Samoa, and studied at the University of South Pacific in Fiji. A collection of his poems called Blue Rain was published in 1980 (among them the poem "Kidnapped"). Another poem called "Patches of the Rainbow" was published in 1992.

References 
 Blue Rain
 Catalogue.nla.gov.au

1951 births
Living people
Civil servants
Oceanic writers
Poets
Samoan people
Herman Mandui (1969 - October 4, 2014) was an archaeologist from Papua New Guinea.

Mandui is regarded as the "godfather" of archaeology in his country. He worked on several archaeological sites, for example in the Western Highlands Province and in the eastern Goilala District.

He was the Chief Archeologist of Papua New Guinea from 2008 until his death in 2014.

References 
 www.emtv.com.pg 

1969 births
2014 deaths
Archaeologists
Oceanic scientists
Papua New Guinean people
Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena (sometimes referred to as BMPS or MPS) claims to be the oldest surviving retail bank in the world. It has its headquarters in Siena, Italy.

The company's website claims that the bank was founded in the year 1472, although there is little information to confirm this.

References 

Banks of Europe
Morges is a city in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is the capital of the district Morges.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of the city of Morges 
 Castle Morges 

Cities in Switzerland
Municipalities of Vaud
Fazenda Lageado is a farm museum in the city of Botucatu, in the Brazilian state of São Paulo.

The farm was created in 1870. In the first half of the twentieth century, it was one of the largest coffee producers in the state of São Paulo. Since the 1990s, the place has been called the "Coffee Museum".

References 

São Paulo
1870 establishments
1870s establishments in Brazil
Smartism is a sect of Hinduism in which, in contrast with Shaivism and Vaishnavism, one may worship multiple gods. It is often referred as a "liberal" sect and is passed along familial ties.

Hinduism
Lilly Singh (born 26 September 1988) is a Canadian YouTuber, vlogger, comedian, television host, writer and actress. She is mostly known by her YouTube former username IISuperwomanII.

Career

She began her YouTube channel in October 2010. She has gotten over 3 billion total views on YouTube and over 15 million subscribers. She has a second channel, titled "Lilly Singh Vlogs". In 2016, she was reportedly the third most paid YouTuber at $7.5 million. Also in 2016, she got her first movie, titled A Trip to Unicorn Island. In 2017, she published her first book, titled How to Be a Bawse: A Guide to Conquering Life. In February 2019, Singh came out as bisexual. In March 2019, it was announced that she would host her own NBC late-night talk show, titled A Little Late with Lilly Singh.

References

Other websites
 
 Lilly Singh  channel website

LGBT comedians
Comedians from Toronto
Writers from Toronto
1988 births
Living people
American television talk show hosts
Alfonso Azpiri Mejía (17 January 1947 − August 18, 2017) was a Spanish comic book artist, whose work was mainly of the adult variety. He was born in Madrid. His work has been translated and published in a number of magazines, including Heavy Metal and Penthouse Comix.

Azpiri's best known works were Lorna, a Barbarella-like space adventurer who travels the galaxy accompanied by two droids, the R2D2-like ADL and the C-3PO-like Arnold.

Azpiri died on August 18, 2017 in Madrid at the age of 69 of a heart attack.

References

1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Comics artists
Cartoonists
Writers from Madrid
Janusz Głowacki (13 September 1938 – 19 August 2017) was a Polish-American playwright, essayist and screenwriter. He was born in Poznań, Poland. 

His best known works include Antigone in New York, Fortinbras Gets Drunk, The Fourth Sister, and Hunting Cockroaches. He has won many awards such as the Guggenheim Fellowship, the Jurzykowski Prize, the Tony Cox Award and the Czesław Miłosz Award.

Głowacki died on 19 August 2017 in New York City, New York at the age of 78.

References

Other websites

 Glowacki's homepage
 Janusz Głowacki at Culture.pl

1938 births
2017 deaths 
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish writers
American playwrights
American screenwriters
American essayists
Dominic Joseph "D. J." Fontana (March 15, 1931 – June 13, 2018) was an American musician. He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He was best known as the drummer for Elvis Presley for 14 years. He played on over 460 RCA cuts with Elvis. He also played for The Blue Moon Boys and Sonny Burgess. 

On April 4, 2009, Fontana was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland in the sidemen category.

Fontana died on June 13, 2018 in Nashville, Tennessee from complications of a broken hip at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
D. J. Fontana TCB website 
Interview with D. J. Fontana
Rockabilly Hall of Fame
Drummerworld.com
DJ Fontana Interview - NAMM Oral History Library (2001)

1931 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from fractured hip
American rock drummers
Musicians from Louisiana
People from Shreveport, Louisiana
Donald John Shepherd (12 August 1927 – 18 August 2017) was a Welsh cricketer. He played for Glamorgan. One of the great county bowlers, he took more first-class wickets, 2,218 at 21.32 each, than any other player who never played Test cricket. He was born in Port Eynon, Glamorgan, Wales. 

Shepherd played regularly to the end of the 1971 season, and then retired from first-class cricket after a few games in 1972. He often appeared as a summariser on BBC Radio Wales coverage of Glamorgan matches.

Shepherd died on 18 August 2017 in Glamorgan, Wales of vascular dementia, aged 90.

References

1927 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from vascular dementia
Cricketers
Welsh sportspeople
Venero Frank "Benny Eggs" Mangano (September 7, 1921 – August 18, 2017) was an American criminal. He was the underboss of the Genovese crime family. Since boss Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo was imprisoned in 2007, Mangano was the family's senior leader outside prison. The nickname "Benny Eggs" came from his mother running an egg farm. He was released from prison on November 2, 2006, after serving a 15-year sentence for extortion.

Windows case
From 1978 to 1990, four of the five crime families of New York formed a cartel of window replacement companies. The cartel eventually controlled over $150 million in contracts from the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA).

Convictions
As a member of the Genovese crime family, Mangano had a notable criminal record;
 October 7, 1946 - Bookmaking - $50 fine
 May 15, 1947 - Bookmaking - $200 fine
 October 8, 1950 - Bookmaking - $200 fine and 60 days imprisonment
 February 21, 1961 - Bookmaking - $250 fine and 90 days imprisonment
 August 6, 1981 - Civil contempt for refusing to testify once granted immunity - incarcerated from August 18, 1981 to April 22, 1982.

After jail
In 1997, while still in prison, Mangano was called to testify against boss Gigante. He refused to testify, saying, "What do you want to do, shoot me?" and "Shoot me, but I'm not going to answer any questions". He later took the witness stand, but refused to answer any questions, invoking his Fifth Amendment rights.

Death
Mangano died of congestive heart failure in New York City on August 18, 2017 at the age of 95.

References

More readings
Jacobs, James B., Coleen Friel and Robert Radick. Gotham Unbound: How New York City Was Liberated from the Grip of Organized Crime. New York: NYU Press, 2001. 
Raab, Selwyn. Five Families: The Rise, Decline, and Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empires. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2005. 

1921 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
American military personnel of World War II
Criminals from New York City
Dominick Vincent "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (born July 4, 1929) is an American gangster. He is a high-ranking member of the Genovese crime family, who briefly served as acting boss for the imprisoned Boss Vincent "Chin" Gigante. He was born in Harlem, New York. 

Cirillo represented the Genoveses in their dealings with the other Mafia families of New York City after Gigante was jailed, though Gigante remained in overall charge of the family. In this way, Cirillo served as "acting boss", and was seen by US authorities as the most powerful member of the Genovese family. However, in 1998 Cirillo stepped down as acting boss because of a heart attack.

On August 22, 2008, the 79-year-old Cirillo was released from federal prison after serving more than three years.

References

1929 births
Living people
Criminals from New York City
Roger Pinto Molina (23 April 1960 – 16 August 2017) was a Bolivian right-wing politician. Pinto was born in Santa Rosa, Beni. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1997, from the single-member constituency 67 in Pando (covering areas in the provinces Nicolás Suárez, Manuripi and General Federico Román) as a Nationalist Democratic Action (ADN) candidate.

In 2005, Pinto was elected to the Senate as a Podemos candidate from Pando. He served as the head of the Podemos faction in the Senate. He was reelected to the Senate in 2009, as a candidate of Plan Progress for Bolivia – National Convergence.

Pinto was accused of involvement in the September 11, 2008 massacre in Porvenir. Until his death, he sought refuge in the Brazilian Embassy in La Paz. He was granted asylum in Brazil but was not given safe conduct by Evo Morales Government to leave Bolivia.

Molina was killed in a plane crash on 16 August 2017 in Brazil at the age of 58.

References

1960 births
2017 deaths
Aviation deaths
Bolivian people
Politicians
Lucien Norbert Nedzi (born May 28, 1925) is a Democratic Party member of the United States House of Representatives from the State of Michigan.

Early life
Nedzi was born in Hamtramck, Michigan. He studied at the University of Detroit and at the University of Michigan.

U.S. Representative
Nedzi was elected as a Democrat from Michigan's 1st congressional district to the 87th United States Congress in a special election in 1961 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of United States Representative Thaddeus M. Machrowicz. He was re-elected in the 1962 election and two years later he was elected from the 14th district and every two years after that until he declined to seek re-election in the 1980 election.  In all, he served from November 7, 1961 to January 3, 1981.

Nedzi chaired the House Select Committee on Intelligence, known as the Nedzi Committee, from February 1975 until he controversially resigned in June; the successor was the Pike Committee. In addition, Nedzi chaired the Joint Committee on the Library from 1973 to 1979 and the Committee on House Administration from 1979 to 1981.

References

Other websites
 

1925 births
Living people
Lawyers from Michigan
United States representatives from Michigan
US Democratic Party politicians
Weston "Wes" Edward Vivian (October 25, 1924 – December 4, 2020) was a Canadian-born American politician and retired engineer. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Michigan's 2nd congressional district from January 3, 1965 through January 3, 1967. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Vivian was born in Newfoundland, Canada. He studied at Union College, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Vivian died on December 4, 2020 in Ann Arbor at the age of 96.

References

Other websites

The Political Graveyard

1924 births
2020 deaths
Engineers from Michigan
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Newfoundland and Labrador
United States representatives from Michigan
US Democratic Party politicians
Philip Edward Ruppe (born September 29, 1926) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1967 to 1979 before running, unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 1982. 

He is a Korean War veteran, having served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy. After leaving the U.S. House, Ruppe became active in business before running for election, without success, to the 103rd Congress.

Other websites

 The Political Graveyard

1926 births
Living people
American military people
United States representatives from Michigan
US Republican Party politicians
Dale Edward Kildee (September 16, 1929 – October 13, 2021) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from Michigan, serving from 1977 until 2013. He was a member of the Democratic Party. 

His district included Flint, Saginaw and Bay City. In July 2011, Kildee announced he would retire after his current term was up in 2012.

In November, 2011, Patrick Kildee, a second cousin of the congressman, accused Kildee of sexually abusing him more than 50 years ago when he was 12 years old. In response Kildee called the allegation untrue.

Kildee died on October 13, 2021 in Flint, Michigan at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
Official U.S. House webpage
 

1929 births
2021 deaths
American teachers
United States representatives from Michigan
US Democratic Party politicians
People from Saginaw, Michigan
People from Flint, Michigan
Educators from Michigan
Sir Colin Earl Meads (3 June 1936 – 20 August 2017) was a New Zealand rugby union player, coach and manager. He was born in Cambridge, New Zealand. He played 55 test matches (133 total games), most frequently in the lock forward position, for New Zealand's national team, the All Blacks, from 1957 until 1971.

Meads was widely considered one of the greatest players in history. Nicknamed 'Pinetree', he was an icon within New Zealand rugby, and was named the country's Player of the Century at the NZRFU Awards in 1999.

Meads died on 20 August 2017 in Te Kuiti, New Zealand of pancreatic cancer at the age of 81.

References

Other websites
NZ Rugby Museum profile
Player listing from Planet Rugby

1936 births
2017 deaths
Coaches
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
New Zealand rugby union players
Sportspeople from North Island
Sirkka Selja (20 March 1920 – 17 August 2017) was a Finnish poet and writer. She was born in Koski Hl, nowadays Hollola, Finland. Her real name was Sirkka-Liisa Tulonen.

Her first book was published in 1942 titled Still I Live. In addition to poems, his production includes a play and two listening works. Selja was awarded with the State Literature Prize of Finland in 1958, the Pro Finlandia in 1970, the Aleksis Kivi Prize in  1987 and the P. Mustapää Prize in 2007.

Selja died on 17 August 2017 of pneumonia in Hollola, Finland at the age of 97.

References

1920 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Finnish people
Poets
The Five Star Movement (M5S; Italian: Movimento 5 Stelle) is an Italian political party. The leader is Luigi Di Maio.

The party was formed by Beppe Grillo and Gianroberto Casaleggio in October 2009. Beppe Grillo served as leader of the party from 2009 to 2017. In September 2017, Luigi Di Maio became leader of the party.

After the 2018 elections, the Five Star Movement became the largest party in the Italian Parliament. Also, the party formed a coalition with the right-wing Lega Nord.

After the break of the Conte I Cabinet, the party formed a coalition in the next Cabinet with the Democratic Party.

From 2014, the party has was a member of the Eurosceptic Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD) group in the European Parliament. However, in 2017 party members of the Five Star Movement voted to leave the EFDD.

References 

2000s establishments in Italy
2009 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Italy
The Bou Regreg () is a river in western Morocco. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean between the cities of Rabat and Salé.  The mouth of this river is called Wadi Sala.

The river is 240 kilometres long, with a tidal estuary going approximately 24 kilometres upriver. Its average discharge is 23 m3/s and can reach 1500 m3/s during floods. The source of the river is the Middle Atlas mountains at an altitude of 1627 meters on the level of Jbel Mtourzgane (Province of Khemisset) and of Grou (Province of Khénifra).

Water quality
Water quality issues of the Bou Regreg include tidal saltwater intrusion, excessive runoff of nitrates from agricultural land uses and mercury contamination from use of some pesticides in the drainage basin.

History
The Phoenicians and the Carthaginians, who founded several colonies in Morocco, inhabited the banks of the Bou Regreg approximately two kilometers from its mouth at the ancient site of Chellah.  This archaeological site contains the ruins of a Roman town known as Sala Colonia and referred to as Sala by Ptolemy.  Chellah was a significant ancient port city with remains including the Decumanus Maximus, or principal roadway, as well as a forum, a monumental fountain, a triumphal arch, and other Roman ruins.

References

Geography of Morocco
Rivers of Africa
This is a list of paintings by Edvard Munch. Munch was a Norwegian symbolist painter and printmaker. He is best known for The Scream. This list is from Gerd Woll's catalogue raisonné from 2008.

References

Notes

Lists
Princess Lalla Salma born Salma Bennani; (, Amazigh: ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵙⵍⵎⴰ;10 May 1978, Fes) is the princess consort of Morocco. She is the wife of King Mohammed VI and the first wife of a Moroccan ruler to have been publicly acknowledged and given a royal title.

References

1978 births
Living people
Moroccan royalty
Salma
Princes and  princesses
Moroccan scientists
The current coat of arms of Morocco (formally, the royal coat of arms) was introduced 14 August 1957. It was developed by the graphic artists Gauthier and Hainaut and shows a green pentagram, specifically a two-dimensional Penrose pentacle on a red background before the Atlas Mountains and a rising sun. The royal crown is on top. Two lions function as the holders of the shield. On the ribbon underneath, the Arabic inscription is written: () (If you glorify God, He will glorify you) (Quran, Verse 7, Sura 47).

Morocco
Morocco
1957 establishments in Africa
20th-century establishments in Morocco
Prince Moulay Hassan (born 8 May 2003) is the heir apparent to  the Moroccan throne. He is the oldest child of King Mohammed VI of Morocco and his wife Princess Lalla Salma of Morocco. He has a younger sister, Princess Lalla Khadija. He is named after his grandfather Hassan II; who ascends the throne, he is expected to reign as Hassan III.

In 2015 Hassan began appearing in public with his father at official engagements.

Honours 
  : Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic (31 May 2014).

Ancestry

References

2003 births
Living people
Princes and princesses
Moroccan royalty
People from Rabat
Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco (born 28 February 2007) is the second child of Mohammed VI of Morocco and his wife, Princess Lalla Salma. Lalla Khadija's elder brother is Moulay Hassan, Crown Prince of Morocco.

In honour of her birth, the king granted a royal pardon to thousands of prison inmates. Khadija visited Tunisia with her mother Lalla Salma in June 2009.

Ancestry

References

2007 births
Living people
Moroccan royalty
Princes and princesses
Lalla () (literally, "lady") is a (Moroccan) Amazigh title of respect. The title is a prefix to her given name or personal name, and is used by females usually of noble or royal background. It may also be used to address older women out of respect. Any woman believed to be descended from Muhammad has the title of Lalla. Likewise, any man who is believed to be descended from Muhammad has the title of Sidi or Moulay (Moulay being a higher honorific).

References

 
Titles
Princess Lalla Meryem of Morocco (, born 26 August 1962 in Rome, Italy) is the first daughter and eldest child of the late King Hassan II of Morocco and his second wife, Lalla Latifa Hammou.

After she obtained her Baccalaureat in 1981, Princess Lalla Meryem was appointed by her father as the President of Social Works of the Royal Army Forces.

On 15 September 1984, she married Fuad Filali (born 1957), the son of former Prime Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister Abdellatif Filali. They had two children: a daughter and a son:
 Sharifa Lalla Soukaïna Filali (born 30 April 1986 in Rabat). On 11 October 2013 married Mohammed El Mehdi Regragui. On 27 September 2015, she gave birth to twins.
 Moulay Idris Filali (born 11 July 1988 in Rabat).

Lalla Meryem divorced from Fuad Filali in 1999.

Princess Meryem has two brothers King Mohammed VI and Prince Moulay Rachid, and two sisters Lalla Asma and Lalla Hasna.

Holder of numerous prestigious official functions, Princess Meryem has focused much of her activities on the social and cultural realm. Princess Meryem is the President of the Moroccan association in support of UNICEF, President of the Hassan II Foundation for the Moroccans residing abroad, President of the Moroccan National Observatory of the Childs Rights and President of the Hassan II Foundation for the social works of the former soldiers and ex-combatants. In July 2001, she was nominated UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador with focus her Ambassadorship on UNESCO projects for women and children. Also Member of the Honorary Committee of the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children.

Since 2003 she is President of the National Union of Moroccan Women (UNFM).

Using her Royal status, she continues her work on behalf of women and children and advocate their rights on an international level.

Honours

National honours
 Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Throne.

Foreign honours
 Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (United Kingdom, 27/10/1980).
 Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry (Portuguese Republic, 25/08/1994).
 Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic (Kingdom of Spain, 16 September 2000).
 Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (Lebanese Republic, 17/07/2001).

Ancestry

References

1962 births
Living people
Princes and princesses
People from Rome
Moroccan royalty
Italian businesspeople
Khenifiss National Park () is a national park in the southwest of Morocco, located near Akhfennir on the Atlantic coast in the region of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra. It was established in 2006. The area of the park is . The national park was created to protect desert, wetlands, and coastal dunes.

The park was first created as a natural reserve in 1960, and in 1980, it was classified as a wetland of international importance. In 1983, the natural reserve was transformed into a Permanent Biological Reserve, and on September 26, 2006, the national park was created.

The park is located at the coast of Atlantic Ocean, north of the border with Western Sahara, between the towns of Tan-Tan (north) and Tarfaya (south). The National Route 1, which runs along the Atlantic coast of Morocco, passes through the park.

The park includes a coastal portion, the Khenfiss lagoon, the biggest lagoon at the Moroccan coast, and the inland portion, located on desert plateaus. The lagoon is also an important bird nesting ground. Ruddy shelduck, marbled duck, and Audouin's gull inhabit the lagoon permanently, and a big number of species migrate here in winter. Every year, about 20,000 birds stay in the lagoon area in the winter season.

The inland part includes sabkhas and is typical for Sahara landscapes. It also includes sand dunes and limestone plateaus.

The government declared its intention to turn the park into a major tourist attraction specializing in ecotourism.

World Heritage Status
This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on 12/10/1998 in the natural category.

References
 

National parks in Africa
Morocco
Akhfennir is a small town in Tarfaya Province, in the Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra region of Morocco. The area is noted for Khenifiss National Park and Tarfaya-Akhfenir Wind Farm.

References

Other websites

Morocco
Settlements in Africa
Don or Donald McKenzie (also Mackenzie or MacKenzie) may refer to:

McKenzie
 Don McKenzie (curler), Canadian curler, see 1988 Hexagon World Men's Curling Championship
 Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1927), Scottish footballer (Grimsby Town)
 Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1939), Australian rules footballer with Essendon
 Don McKenzie (footballer, born 1942), Australian rules footballer and coach of Footscray
 Don McKenzie (sports medicine), Canadian founder of Abreast In A Boat
 Don McKenzie (swimmer) (born 1947), American Olympic swimmer
 Donald Gordon McKenzie (1887–1963), member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
 Donnie McKenzie (born 1960), British Olympic fencer

MacKenzie
 Donald MacKenzie (rower) (1879–?), Canadian rower who won a medal at the 1904 Summer Olympics
 Donald Angus MacKenzie, (born 1950) professor of sociology at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland
 Donald MacKenzie (Ontario politician), provincial politician from Middlesex East, 1883-1886

Mackenzie
 Donald Mackenzie, Lord Mackenzie (1818–1875), Scottish judge, styled Lord Mackenzie
 Donald Mackenzie (explorer) (1753–1851), Scottish-Canadian explorer and governor of the Red River Settlement
 Donald Alexander Mackenzie (1873–1936), Scottish journalist and writer on mythology
 Donald Mackenzie-Kennedy, Governor of Nyasaland (1939–1942)

Other
 The Strength of Donald McKenzie, 1916 American silent short film
Brian Wilson Aldiss, OBE (; 18 August 1925 – 19 August 2017) was an English writer and anthologies editor. He was best known for science fiction novels and short stories. His byline reads either Brian W. Aldiss or simply Brian Aldiss, except for occasional pseudonyms during the mid-1960s.

Work
Greatly influenced by science fiction pioneer H. G. Wells, Aldiss was a vice-president of the international H. G. Wells Society. He was (with Harry Harrison) co-president of the Birmingham Science Fiction Group. 

Aldiss was named a Grand Master by the Science Fiction Writers of America in 2000, and inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame in 2004. He received two Hugo Awards, one Nebula Award, and one John W. Campbell Memorial Award. He wrote the short story "Super-Toys Last All Summer Long" (1969), the basis for the Stanley Kubrick-developed Steven Spielberg movie A.I. Artificial Intelligence. Aldiss was associated with the British New Wave of science fiction.

Death
Aldiss died at his Oxford home one day after his 92nd birthday on 19 August 2017.

References

Other websites

 
 Brian Aldiss  at British Council: Literature
 Guardian newspaper profile
 Brian Aldiss's online fiction  at Free Speculative Fiction Online
 'Metropolis' limited edition fine art print by Brian Aldiss
 "Supertoys Last All Summer Long" story by Brian Aldiss (Jan 1997)
 Brian Aldiss Collection at the University of South Florida

1925 births
2017 deaths
English science fiction writers
English short story writers
Writers from Norfolk
Helmut Piirimäe (September 8, 1930 — 21 August 2017) was an Estonian historian. He was born Põltsamaa, Estonia. He was professor emeritus of University of Tartu, and an honorary doctor of University of Uppsala. Piirimäe researched Estonian history under the Swedish Empire in the 17th century, but also the Enlightenment in the 18th century, especially the French Revolution.

Piirimäe was married to art historian Krista Piirimäe. They had three sons and a daughter.

Piirimäe died on 21 August 2017 in Tartu, Estonia at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
Helmut Piirimäe's publications (in Estonian)

1930 births
2017 deaths
Estonian historians
Paavo Olavi Lonkila (Paavo Lång; 11 January 1923 – 23 September 2017) was a Finnish cross-country skier. He was born in Kiuruvesi, Finland.

Lonkila won a gold medal in the 4×10 km relay at the 1952 Olympics and finished third in the individual 18 km race, 11 seconds behind his teammate Tapio Mäkelä. Earlier his 4×10 km relay team placed second at the 1950 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, where he finished fifth over 18 km. He won the 18 km event at the 1951 Holmenkollen ski festival. Lonkila was a farmer by occupation.

Lonkila died on 23 September 2017 in Kiuruvesi, Finland at the age of 94.

References

Other websites

Holmenkollen winners since 1892  – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file 
Paavo Lonkila, a Famous Kiuruvesi sportsman 

1923 births
2017 deaths
Finnish Olympic bronze medalists
Olympic gold medalists
Christopher George Kennedy (born July 4, 1963) is an American businessman. He is Chair of Joseph P. Kennedy Enterprises, Inc. He is a son of former U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy, a member of the Kennedy family. Kennedy served as Chair of the Board of Trustees for the University of Illinois from 2009 to 2015. Until April 2012, he was also president of Merchandise Mart Properties, a commercial property management firm based in Chicago.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

References

1963 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Boston, Massachusetts
Politicians from Boston, Massachusetts
Businesspeople from Illinois
Politicians from Illinois
Kennedy family
US Democratic Party politicians
Jay Robert "J. B." Pritzker (born January 19, 1965) is an American venture capitalist, entrepreneur, philanthropist, and private business owner based in Chicago. He is the 43rd and current Governor of Illinois since 2019.

Pritzker was managing partner and co-founder of the Pritzker Group, a private investment firm that operates middle-market service and industrial companies and invests in digital technology companies. He is a member of the Pritzker family, and has an estimated net worth of $3.4 billion. This makes Pritzker the richest officeholder in the country.

He ran as the Democratic Party candidate for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election against Governor Bruce Rauner. His running mate was state legislator Juliana Stratton. Pritzker beat Rauner in the election in a landslide victory of 52% to 39%. His tenure as governor has been known for his response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois.

References

1965 births
Living people
Governors of Illinois
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from California
Politicians from California
Businesspeople from Chicago
Politicians from Chicago
US Democratic Party politicians
The 2018 Illinois gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Illinois.  The Democratic and Republican primary elections took place on March 20, 2018 and the Libertarian Party state convention was held on March 4th.

Incumbent Republican Governor Bruce Rauner ran for re-election to a second term against Democrat J. B. Pritzker and Libertarian Kash Jackson.

In March 2018, the primary results concluded with J. B. Pritzker winning the Democratic nomination with Rauner winning the Republican nomination.  Meanwhile, Kash Jackson won the Libertarian Party nomination during a state convention in Bloomington, IL.

Pritzker defeated incumbent Rauner in the general election by a landslide.

Republican Party

Candidates

Declared
 Jeanne Ives, State Representative
 Running mate: Richard Morthland, former State Representative
 Bruce Rauner, incumbent Governor
 Running mate: Evelyn Sanguinetti, incumbent Lieutenant Governor

Primary results

Democratic Party

Candidates

Declared
 Daniel Biss, State Senator
 Running mate: Litesa Wallace, State Representative. Wallace replaced Ramirez-Rosa on September 8, 2017.
Former running mate: Carlos Ramirez-Rosa, Chicago Alderman. Biss removed Ramirez-Rosa from the ticket on September 6, 2017.
 Bob Daiber, Madison County Regional Superintendent of Schools
 Running mate: Jonathan W. Todd, social worker
 Tio Hardiman, former director of CeaseFire and candidate for Governor in 2014
 Running mate: Patricia Avery, President and CEO of the Champaign County chapter of the NAACP.
 Chris Kennedy, former Chairman of the University of Illinois Board of Trustees and member of the Kennedy family
Running mate: Ra Joy, executive director of CHANGE Illinois, a government reform coalition.
 Alex Paterakis, civil engineer and business owner.
 J. B. Pritzker, venture capitalist and philanthropist
 Running mate: Juliana Stratton, State Representative

Withdrawn
Scott Drury, State Representative, withdrew on September 19, 2017. He is running for Illinois Attorney General.
 Former running mate: Alex Hirsch, political operative
Ameya Pawar, Chicago Alderman, withdrew on October 12, 2017
 Former running mate: Tyrone Coleman, mayor of Cairo, Illinois

Polling

Primary results

Libertarian Party

Candidates

Winner
 Kash Jackson, Navy Veteran and activist

Failed
 Jon Stewart, retired professional wrestler, Republican candidate for the State House in 1998 and Republican candidate for IL-05 in 2009

General election

Predictions

Polling

with Jeanne Ives and J. B. Pritzker

with Bruce Rauner and Chris Kennedy

with Bruce Rauner and Daniel Biss

with Bruce Rauner and generic Democrat

with Jeanne Ives and Chris Kennedy

with Bruce Rauner and Dick Durbin

References

2018 elections in the United States
2018 in Illinois
Daniel Kálmán Biss (born August 27, 1977) is an American mathematician and politician. Biss is the Mayor of Evanston, Illinois since 2021. He was a member of the Illinois Senate from the 9th district, serving from January 2013 to January 2019. The district includes Chicago's northern suburbs, including Evanston, Glencoe, Glenview, Golf, Morton Grove, Golf, Northbrook, Northfield, Skokie, Wilmette, and Winnetka. 

Biss previously served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

Biss announced his candidacy for Mayor of Evanston, Illinois in the 2021 election in November 2020. He won the election in a landslide victory in February 2021.

References

1977 births
Living people
American mathematicians
Politicians from Illinois
Scientists from Illinois
People from Skokie, Illinois
People from Evanston, Illinois
Politicians from Akron, Ohio
Scientists from Akron, Ohio
US Democratic Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
American mayors
Scott Drury (born 1972) is an American politician. He is the Illinois state representative for the 58th district and a Democratic candidate for governor. The 58th district includes all or parts of Bannockburn, Deerfield, Glencoe, Highwood, Highland Park, Lake Bluff Lake Forest, Lincolnshire, Northbrook and North Chicago.

He was a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

References

1972 births
Living people
Politicians from Illinois
US Democratic Party politicians
People from Highland Park, Illinois
Ameya Pawar (born April 22, 1980) is an American politician. He is the alderman for the 47th Ward of the City of Chicago. He was first elected in the 2011 municipal elections, and was elected to a second term on February 24, 2015. Pawar's 2015 re-election was secured with over 82% of the vote, the largest margin in the election cycle. 

Pawar is the first Indian American and Asian American in Chicago City Council history.

He is a candidate in the Democratic Party primary for Governor of Illinois in the 2018 election.

References

1980 births
Living people
Chicago City Council members
US Democratic Party politicians
Kent Liston Lee (July 28, 1923 – August 11, 2017) was a Vice Admiral of the United States Navy. The 36-year veteran of the Navy saw combat in World War II and commanded the aircraft carrier  during the Vietnam War. He was best known for his work in driving the development and procurement of the F/A-18 Hornet.

Lee died in Charlottesville, Virginia on August 11, 2017 at the age of 94.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
American military personnel of World War II
People from South Carolina
Susana Mendoza (born May 13, 1972) is an American politician and the current Comptroller of Illinois. She formerly served as Chicago City Clerk and as a Illinois State Representative, representing the 1st District of Illinois – which included the Chicago communities of Brighton Park, Little Village, Gage Park and Back of the Yards. 

She was first elected in 2001 and served into her sixth term, when she won the election for Chicago City Clerk in February 2011.

On November 2, 2018 a video leaked from Mendoza’s campaign showing her plans to run for Mayor of Chicago in 2019 even though she successfully ran for re-election as Comptroller in 2018. Eight days after winning her re-election on November 14, Mendoza launched her mayoral campaign. She lost in the first round of the election.

References

Other websites
 Office of the Chicago City Clerk
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 97th Illinois General Assembly (2011-2012)
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 96th Illinois General Assembly (2009-2010)
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 95th Illinois General Assembly (2007-2008)
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 94th Illinois General Assembly (2005-2006)
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 93rd Illinois General Assembly (2003-2004)
 Rep. Susana Mendoza (D) 1st District, 92nd Illinois General Assembly (2001-2002) - No links provided by http://www.ilga.gov
 Susana A. Mendoza for IL Comptroller Official Campaign Website
 

1972 births
Living people
Politicians from Chicago
US Democratic Party politicians
Toni Preckwinkle (née Reed; March 17, 1947) is an American politician. She is the current Cook County Board President and a former alderman in the Chicago City Council representing Chicago's 4th ward in Cook County, Illinois, United States.

She was elected on November 2, 2010, as President of the Cook County Board, the Executive Branch of Cook County government. Preckwinkle first sought office in 1983 and was defeated twice before securing election in 1991 and being re-elected as alderman four times.

On September 20, 2018, Preckwinkle announced her candidacy for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 election to replace Rahm Emanuel. She advanced to the runoff election on April 2. She was defeated by Lightfoot by nearly 50%.

References

Other websites
Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle 
Campaign website
Full coverage at the Chicago Tribune

1947 births
Living people
Chicago City Council members
Politicians from Saint Paul, Minnesota
US Democratic Party politicians
The Willamette River is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbia's flow. The Willamette's main stem is  long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States. Flowing northward between the Oregon Coast Range and the Cascade Range, the river and its tributaries form the Willamette Valley, a basin that contains two-thirds of Oregon's population, including the state capital, Salem, and the state's largest city, Portland, which surrounds the Willamette's mouth at the Columbia.

Originally created by plate tectonics about 35 million years ago and subsequently altered by volcanism and erosion, the river's drainage basin was significantly modified by the Missoula Floods at the end of the most recent ice age. Humans began living in the watershed over 10,000 years ago. There were once many tribal villages along the lower river and in the area around its mouth on the Columbia. Indigenous peoples lived throughout the upper reaches of the basin as well.

References

Portland, Oregon
Rivers of Oregon
Tony deBrum (February 26, 1945 – August 22, 2017) was a Marshallese politician and government minister. From 2012 and 2014, he was the Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands. He was an activist relating to climate change, and has been part of many conferences and demonstrations, including the People’s Climate March in New York City in September 2014.

In mid December 2015, he took part in the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. He succeeded to form a new coalition between developed countries and developing countries called "High Ambition Coalition".

He was Foreign Minister of the Marshall Islands from 1979 till 1987, 2008 till 2009 and 2014 till 2016.

deBrum died at his home in Majuro, Marshall Islands on August 22, 2017 at the age of 72.

References

1945 births
2017 deaths
Marshallese people
Ambassadors
Activists
Politicians
Emlain Kabua (born February 1928) is a Marshallese artist and political figure. She is the former First Lady of the Marshall Islands and the widow of former Marshallese President Amata Kabua. Kabua served as the first First Lady of the Marshall Islands from 1979 until 1996.

She is known for being the designer of the Flag of the Marshall Islands.

References

1928 births
Living people
Marshallese people
Artists