cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 6 is the sixth season of America's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner was 18-year-old Danielle Evans.

Contestants
(In order or elimination)
 Kathy Hoxit
 Wendy Wiltz
 Kari Schmidt
 Gina Choe
 Mollie Sue Steenis-Gondi
 Leslie Mancia
 Brooke Staricha
 Nnenna Agba
 Furonda Brasfield
 Sara Albert
 Jade Cole
 Joan Ann "Joanie" Dodds
 Danielle "Dani" Evans

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Ford Models
 A spread in Elle Magazine 
 A US$100,000 contract with CoverGirl

Episodes
1.
casting episode

2.
Best: Nnenna Agba
Worst: Furonda Brasfield & Kathy Hoxit
Eliminated: Kathy Hoxit

3.
Best: Brooke Staricha
Worst: Wendy Wiltz & Jade Cole
Eliminated: Wendy Wiltz

4.
Best: Jade Cole
Worst: Gina Choe & Kari Schmidt
Eliminated: Kari Schmidt 

5.
Best: Furonda Brasfield
Worst: Brooke Staricha & Gina Choe
Eliminated: Gina Choe

6.
Best: Furonda Brasfield
Worst: Mollie Sue Steenis-Gondi & Jade Cole
Eliminated: Mollie Sue Steenis-Gondi

7.
Best: Joanie Dodds
Worst: Sara Albert & Leslie Mancia
Eliminated: Leslie Mancia

8.
Best: Joanie Dodds
Worst: Brooke Staricha & Jade Cole
Eliminated: Brooke Staricha

9.
Best: Dani Evans
Worst: Nnenna Agba & Furonda Brasfield
Eliminated: Nnenna Agba

10.
Best: Joanie Dodds
Worst: Furonda Brasfield & Jade Cole
Eliminated: Furonda Brasfield

11.
Best: Joanie Dodds
Worst: Dani Evans & Sara Albert
Eliminated: Sara Albert

12.
Best: Joanie Dodds
Worst: Dani Evans & Jade Cole
Eliminated: Jade Cole

Final Two: Dani Evans & Joanie Dodds
Winner: Dani Evans

06
Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ is an historical novel by Lew Wallace. It was published on November 12, 1880 by Harper & Brothers. The novel was the first work of fiction to receive a blessing from a pope. This happened during the reign of Pope Leo XIII.

The novel is set in Ancient Rome and Ancient Judea. It tells the story of two men - one a Jewish prince (Ben-Hur) and the other a Roman tribune - whose lifelong friendship turns to bitter hatred. At the end, Ben-Hur witnesses the crucifixion of Jesus. He becomes a Christian.

The book was the best-selling American novel from the time of its publication until Gone with the Wind appeared in 1936.  Following the 1959 release of the movie Ben-Hur starring Charlton Heston and Stephen Boyd, sales of the novel soared, topping those of Gone with the Wind.

References

1880 books
Novels
Lewis "Lew" Wallace (April 10, 1827February 15, 1905) was an American lawyer, Union general in the American Civil War, territorial governor and statesman, politician, and author. He is remembered today for his historical novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1880). This book has been a bestseller since its publication. It has been called "the most influential Christian book of the nineteenth century."  The story has been adapted four times for the movies.

References

Lawyers from Indiana
Writers from Indiana
1827 births
1905 deaths
American military people
Lawyers from New Mexico
Writers from New Mexico
Stephen Boyd (4 July 19312 June 1977) was an actor. He was born in Northern Ireland. He appeared in stage productions in the U.S. and Canada before breaking into English movies in 1955. Four years later, he played "Messala" in Ben-Hur (1959) opposite Charlton Heston. Gore Vidal, who did uncredited work on the screenplay, wanted to give "Messala" a homosexual slant.  He convinced director William Wyler and Boyd that the bitter hatred between the two characters was the result of a gay relationship gone wrong. Heston was furious about this gay angle when he found out about it years later. Boyd won a Golden Globe for his performance in Ben-Hur.

Boyd was the first to be considered for the role of Marc Antony in Cleopatra (1963) opposite Elizabeth Taylor. Production was delayed for months when Taylor fell ill. Boyd dropped out of the production to honor other commitments. He appeared in The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964) with Sophia Loren and Christopher Plummer. The role of Antony went to Richard Burton.

Boyd appeared in other spectacles like Billy Rose's Jumbo (1962), Genghis Khan (1965), and The Bible (1966). He starred in the sci-fi adventure Fantastic Voyage (1966).  His co-star in Voyage, Raquel Welch, made sexual advances to him. He declined with, "An actress is a little bit more than a woman, but an actor is a little bit less than a man." She concluded from this remark (and later reported) that Boyd  was gay. Boyd always had difficulty picking good scripts. His last movies were cheesy exploitation flicks made in Europe. He was married twice for very brief periods of time. He never came out as gay. He died of a heart attack while playing golf in California.

References 
 

Irish actors
1931 births
1977 deaths
Actors from Northern Ireland
Páginas da Vida is a Brazilian telenovela. It was produced by Rede Globo.

References

Other websites
Páginas da Vida 

2006 television series debuts
Telenovelas
Brazilian television series
2000s establishments in Brazil
Constantino Romero García (May 29, 1947 – May 12, 2013) was a Spanish TV and radio host and actor.

He was known for dubbing in Spanish as Darth Vader in Star Wars, as James T. Kirk in Star Trek, as James Bond in several James Bond movies, as Harry Callahan in Dirty Harry, and as the Terminator in Terminator.

Romero was born on May 29, 1947 in Alcalá de Henares, Spain. He was raised in Chinchilla de Monte-Aragón. Romero retired in 2012 after 47 years of acting. He was married to Joana Vila until his death. Romero died on May 12, 2013 from ALS in his home in Barcelona, Spain, aged 65.

References

Other websites

1947 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Spanish movie actors
Spanish voice actors
Spanish television actors
Spanish stage actors
Television presenters
Spanish television personalities
Radio personalities
Pedro Gregorio Armendáriz Hastings (May 9, 1912 – June 18, 1963), better known as Pedro Armendáriz, was a Mexican-American actor who made movies in both Mexico and the United States. He was known for his role as Kerim Bey in From Russia with Love (1963).

Early life 
Armendáriz was born on May 9, 1912 in Mexico City, Mexico. His father was Mexican and his mother was American. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. Armendáriz studied at the California Polytechnic State University. He was married to Carmelita Bohr from 1938 until his death in 1963. They had one son, actor Pedro Armendáriz, Jr..

Armendáriz was diagnosed with cancer and later moved to Los Angeles, California. He was in great pain and he didn't want his family to suffer financially. Armendáriz shot himself directly in his heart on June 18, 1963 in Los Angeles, California, aged 51. He was later buried at Panteón Jardín, Mexico City, Mexico.

Other websites
 
 
 
 Pedro Armendáriz   at the Cinema of Mexico site of the ITESM
 

1912 births
1963 deaths
Suicides by firearm
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Mexico City
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors who played in James Bond movies
Gerd Langguth (18 May 1946 in Wertheim – 12 May 2013 in Cologne) was a German professor of political science at the University of Bonn and the author of biographies of Angela Merkel and Horst Köhler.

Langguth studied at Dietrich Bonhoeffer School. He died in 2013, aged 66.

From 1976 to 1980 he was a member of the Bundestag on behalf of the CDU.

References

Other websites

 Personal Web site  

1946 births
2013 deaths
Former members of the German Bundestag
German academics
German writers
German political scientists
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Politicians of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Tanza Varela (born Constanza Andrea Varela de la Barra on 15 April 1991 in Temuco) is a Chilean actress and model.

Television works

Telenovelas 
 2009: Corazón Rebelde (Canal 13) as Victoria "Vico" López

Series 
 2010: Infieles (Chilevisión) on 2 episodes

Programs 
 2010: Sin Dios ni Late (Zona Latina) as Herself
 2010: Mira quién habla (Mega) as Commentator
 2010: SQP (Chilevisión) as Herself
 2010: Primer plano (Chilevisión) as Herself
 2010: Teatro en Chilevisión (Chilevisión) as María Javiera (episode: La reina de las divas) 
 2010: En portada (UCV TV) as Reporter
 2011: Año 0 (Canal 13) as Herself (Participant)
 2011: Morandé con compañía (Mega) as Herself (episode of the day 27 May2011)
 2011: El experimento (TVN) as Jury
 2012: Mundos opuestos (Canal 13) as Herself
 2012: Amazonas (Chilevisión) as Herself (Participant)
 2012: Primer plano (Chilevisión) as Herself
 2012: Intrusos (La Red) as Commentator
 2013: Mundos opuestos 2 (Canal 13) as Herself
 2013: Ruleta Rusa (Canal 13) as Herself (Participant)

Other websites 
 

1991 births
Chilean models
Chilean television actors
Living people
People from La Araucanía Region
Miriam Isabel Palacios Piña (born December 18, 1933 in Victoria and died March 18, 2013 in Santiago) was a Chilean actress.

Filmography 
 1983 : El 18 de los García 
 1987 : Sussi 
 1988 : Hechos consumados
 1988 : Consuelo 
 1990 : Caluga o menta 
 1990 : Dos mujeres en la ciudad 
 1991 : La niña en la palomera 
 1994 : 'Los náufragos 
 1994 : Amnesia 
 1997 : Pasión gitana 
 1999 : El chacotero sentimental 
 2000 : Coronación 
 2006 : Las golondrinas del Altazor''

Other websites 
 

1933 births
People from La Araucanía Region
Chilean television actors
Chilean stage actors
Chilean movie actors
2013 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Queen Mary's Peak is the summit of the island of Tristan da Cunha, in the South Atlantic Ocean. The top of it is 2,062 metres (6,765 feet) above sea level. It is named after Mary of Teck, the Queen consort of King George V. It is the highest point of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

The mountain is the peak of the large shield volcano which forms the island. The crater at the top is  wide, with a heart-shaped lake. This lake is normally frozen during the winter, and the upper slopes of the volcano are covered in snow.

The only recorded historical eruption occurred in 1961 from a small crater on the north shore of the island. The island community had to be evacuated.

Queen Mary's Peak was used by sailors on the route from Europe to the Indian Ocean and beyond as a navigational aid. In the 17th century the East India Company instructed captains to sail via Tristan.

Climbing the peak
The first known attempt to go up to the peak was in 1793 by the French naturalist Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars. He could not get to the top. However, he collected hundreds of plants. Today, Queen Mary's Peak makes a wonderful but steep climbing route. Climbing it can take 5 to 10 hours, depending on the ability of the walker. Visitors are required to use a local guide if they want to go to The Peak.

References

Other websites
 Queen Mary's Peak in SummitPost.org
 Queen Mary's Peak in Peakbagger.com

Volcanoes of Africa
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Carlos Alberto Schneberger Lemp (born 21 June 1902 in Lautaro, Chile died 1 October 1973 in Temuco, Chile) was a Chilean football attacker.

1902 births
1973 deaths
Chilean footballers
People from La Araucanía Region
The Smurfs is a 2011 animated comedy movie that is based on the comics The Smurfs by Peyo. It stars Neil Patrick Harris, Katy Perry, and Jonathan Winters. The movie was released on July 29, 2011 to mixed reviews. A sequel entitled The Smurfs 2 was released on July 31, 2013.

Cast

Live-action cast
 Neil Patrick Harris as Patrick Winslow
 Jayma Mays as Grace Winslow
 Hank Azaria as Gargamel
 Sofia Vergara as Odile Angelou
 Tim Gunn as Henri
 Joan Rivers as a party guest
 Liz Smith as a party guest
 Tom Colicchio as a party guest
 Olivia Palermo as a party guest
 Michael Musto as a party guest

Voice Cast
 Jonathan Winters as Papa Smurf
 Alan Cumming as Gutsy Smurf
 Lucille Bliss as Smurfette
 Danny Goldman as Brainy Smurf
 Michael Bell as Grouchy Smurf and Handy Smurf
 Anton Yelchin as Clumsy Smurf
 Kenan Thompson as Greedy Smurf
 Alan Oppenheimer as Vanity Smurf
 Wolfgang Puck as Chef Smurf
 Frank Welker as Hefty Smurf and Azrael
 June Foray as Jokey Smurf
 B.J. Novak as Baker Smurf
 Tom Kane as Narrator Smurf
 John Kassir as Crazy Smurf
 Alan Young as Farmer Smurf

2011 comedy movies
2011 animated movies
American comedy movies
American animated movies
Movies based on books
English-language movies
Movies directed by Raja Gosnell
Smurfs
Mazu, also known as Matsu, is a popular Taoist and Chinese Buddhist goddess. She is the goddess and patroness of the sea. She is believed to protect fisherman and sailors. Mazu is widely worshiped in southern China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Fuijian, Guangdong and Hainan. She is popularly known as Empress of Heaven and Holy Mother Empress of Heaven. Her other popular titles are Holy Mother Empress of the Heavens above, Heavenly Imperial Concubine, Lady Mazu, Heavenly Princess consort and Heavenly Holy Mother.

Life and Death  
Mazu was born on 23 March  906. According to legend when she did not cry when she was born, so she was thereafter named Lin Moniang which means Silent girl or silent young female. She had a mysterious ability to predict weather and often she warned others to not make journeys to the sea. She became a very good swimmer and would often rescue people from the sea even in the harshest weather. There are at least 2 versions of her death. 

 One legend tells that Mazu went out into the sea during a storm to try to find her lost father. Hours passed but still she could not find her father and later died of exhaustion. 

 Another legend tells that Mazu climbed a mountain alone and flew into the heavens and became a goddess.

Worship  
After her death, her family and many other families of sailors and fishermen started to pray for her heroic acts to try to save those at sea. Soon her worship spread quickly to other parts of Asia. Starting from Fuijian, worship of Mazu spread to neighboring coastal provinces of Zhejiang and Guandong, and thence to all coastal areas of mainland China. Later, due to Chinese immigrants, the worship of Mazu further spread to Taiwan, Vietnam, Japan, Ryuku Islands, and parts of Southeast Asia. Many people soon began to build temples dedicated to Mazu all over the world.

Appearance 
Mazu is usually shown sitting on a throne between two demons known as "Thousand Miles eye" (, Qianli Yan) and "With-the-Wind Ear" ( Shunfeng Er). According to legend, both of them were conquered by Mazu and then both of them fell in love with her. Mazu said she would marry the one that defeats her. Using her martial art skills, Mazu defeats them both and they become her friends. She is usually dressed in a red robe in paintings and murals, but in sculptures she is clothed in jewel-festooned robes of an empress holding a ceremonial tablet or a jeweled staff whilst wearing the easily recognized flat-topped imperial cap with hanging beads at the front and back.

Taoism
Buddhist gods and goddesses
Chinese gods and goddesses
Sir Reginald Carey "Rex" Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990) was an English stage and movie actor. He began his stage career in 1924. He won a Tony Award in 1949, and another for his role of Professor Henry Higgins in the stage production of My Fair Lady in 1957. He played the role in the 1964 movie version, and won a Golden Globe Award and Best Actor Oscar. Harrison appeared in many movies including Cleopatra (1963) and Doctor Dolittle (1967). He was knighted by Elizabeth II in 1989. Harrison wrote two autobiographies. One was published in 1975, and the other after his death in 1991. He was married six times. He had two sons. He died in June 1990.

Other websites 

1908 births
1990 deaths
Academy Award winners
Actors from Lancashire
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Golden Globe Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
My Fair Lady is a 1964 movie based on Lerner and Lowe's 1957 stage musical of the same name. The musical and movie are based on the movie adaptation of the stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw. The movie was directed by George Cukor. It stars Rex Harrison and Audrey Hepburn. The story is about phonetics professor Henry Higgins. He wagers that he can turn flower girl Eliza Doolittle (Audrey Hepburn) into a proper English high society lady. The movie won eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture,  Best Actor (Harrison), and Best Director.

Julie Andrews was the original Eliza in the stage musical. Audrey Hepburn was cast as the movie Eliza because studio head Jack Warner wanted "a star with a great deal of name recognition". Julie Andrews did not have any movie experience. He thought a movie with her would not be as successful as a movie with Hepburn. Andrews went on to star in Disney's Mary Poppins that same year. She won the Best Actress Academy Award over Hepburn.

References

1964 drama movies
1960s musical movies
American musical movies
American drama movies
Movies directed by George Cukor
Sugar Hill is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia.  The city is in Gwinnett County and is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area.  Sugar Hill has a population of 18,522 according to the 2010 United States Census.  This makes it the fourth-largest city in Gwinnett County.

History
Sugar Hill was created by the State of Georgia's government in 1939, and when the Sugar Hill was created it was called the Town of Sugar Hill.  The town was renamed to the City of Sugar Hill in 1975.  Before Sugar Hill was a town, the area was part of a road that went from a railroad stop in Buford, Georgia to the city of Cumming, Georgia.  Sugar Hill was named when a large shipment of sugar spilled along the route, and people started calling the area "the hill where the sugar spilled" or "the sugar hill".

References

Gwinnett County, Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Spanglish is a 2004 American romantic comedy-drama movie written, directed and co-produced by James L. Brooks. It stars Adam Sandler, Téa Leoni and Paz Vega.

Sandler plays chef John Clasky; Leoni plays his wife, Deborah. They are a rich white American couple who live in Los Angeles with their daughter, son and Deborah's mother. They employ Flor to be their housekeeper. She and her daughter are working-class illegal immigrants from Mexico who move in with the Claskys.

Related pages 
 Spanglish language

References

Other websites 
 

2004 comedy-drama movies
2000s romantic comedy movies
2000s romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Spanish-language movies
Keeping Up Appearances is a British sitcom by Roy Clarke. It was shown on BBC One from 1990-1995 and is set in the West Midlands. It stars Patricia Routledge as middle-aged, middle-class, English housewife Hyacinth Bucket, who has narcissistic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders and lives in a suburban house with her civil servant husband Richard. She insists that her surname is pronounced Bouquet. She is the eldest of four sisters. She has a gay son who lives away from home and is studying needlework at a polytechnic college. She is proud of her sister Violet, who is married to a rich, eccentric man. Hyacinth is embarrassed by her lazy sister Daisy, her husband Onslow, her histrionic sister Rose and demented father, who are underclass and live in a nearby council house.

References

Other websites 

1990 British television series debuts
1995 British television series endings
1990s British sitcoms
BBC television sitcoms
Histrionic personality disorder in fiction
Narcissism in fiction
Television series about dysfunctional families
Television series about marriage
Television series about sisters
English-language television programs
Norcross is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia.  The city is in Gwinnett County. It is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area.  The city had a population of 9,116 according to the 2010 United States Census.

References

Gwinnett County, Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Boyce Avenue is a band formed in Florida. They play pop rock music. They like to make their songs sound more melodical. The group is made up of three brothers. Their names are Alejandro, Fabian and Daniel Manzano. The group began in 2004. They are becoming more and more known by everyone. They chose to call the group Boyce Avenue because it is a combination of the two streets they have grown up on.  Boyce Avenue usually play music in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. 

In 2007, they had decided to put their music on Youtube. Since this moment, they have filmed themselves playing songs that they made or songs that they like from some artists like Rihanna, Coldplay, Lifehouse and Bruno Mars. They also invite new artists like Hannah Trigwell to play as guests.

Almost of the songs that they play are acoustic. The singer, Alejandro, plays the guitar with his other brother Fabian. The oldest brother, Daniel, does all the percussion and sometimes, he plays the bass. Alejandro plays also the piano. Their first big show was in New York City in January of 2009. All tickets were sold. That is when they decided to have more shows all around the world.

They have two albums with only their songs on. The first one is called All You're Meant To Be. This was released in 2008. The second one is All We Have Left, made in 2010. All songs that are in those albums were written and produced by them. "Every Breath" is the first single of the second album, All We Have Left. This song also has a music video. The group has also five other albums. The songs in those albums are not their songs. It is many different songs from many other artists.

Albums 
 All You’re Meant to Be (2009)
 All We Have Left (2010)
 Road Less Traveled (2016)

References

Musical groups from Florida
2000s music groups
American pop music groups
Sarasota, Florida
Musical groups established in 2004
2004 establishments in Florida
The Division of Fraser is an Australian Electoral Division in the Australian Capital Territory and the Jervis Bay Territory. It was set up in 1974 when the Division of Australian Capital Territory was changed. It is named for Jim Fraser, who was member for Australian Capital Territory 1951-70. It includes the area north of the Molonglo River and Lake Burley Griffin, Belconnen, Gungahlin, and North Canberra. It also includes Jervis Bay Territory.

Members

Election results
 2004 election results
 2007 election results
 2010 election results
 2013 election results

References

Other websites
 Division of Fraser - Australian Electoral Commission
 Andrew Leigh's website

Electoral divisions of Australia
1974 establishments in Australia
Jerome "Jerry" Siegel (October 17, 1914 – January 28, 1996) was an American comic book writer and artist. He is known for creating Superman. He won many awards and was honored many times for his creation. 

Siegel was born on October 17, 1914 in Cleveland, Ohio to a Jewish family. Siegel studied at Greenville High School. Siegel was married to Joanne Siegel from 1948 until his death in 1996. They had one daughter, Laura. Siegel died from unknown causes in Los Angeles, California, aged 81.

References

Other websites

Mike's Amazing World of DC Comics: The DC Database - Jerry Siegel 
Jerry Siegel Attacks! Translation of Nazi SS article attacking Siegel and Superman

1914 births
1996 deaths
Jewish American writers
American comics writers
American comics artists
Writers from Cleveland, Ohio
Unexplained deaths
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is the only settlement of the island of Tristan da Cunha, in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, in the South Atlantic Ocean. Locally it is always called "The Settlement".

Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is regarded as the most remote permanent settlement on Earth, being  from the nearest human settlement, on Saint Helena.

History
The first permanent settler was Jonathan Lambert, from Salem, Massachusetts, United States, who came to the islands in December 1810. He declared the islands his property and named them the Islands of Refreshment. Lambert's rule was short-lived, as he died in 1812.

The settlement was founded on the island of Tristan da Cunha in 1816 by a Corporal William Glass (with his South African wife and two children) after the UK annexed Tristan da Cunha. A military garrison was maintained on the islands as a guard against any French attempts to rescue Napoleon, imprisoned on  Saint Helena. The military garrison remained until the end of World War II.

It is named after Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria, in honour of his visit to the island in 1867, after which the Settlement was officially (but never locally!) known as Edinburgh of the Seven Seas.

It was damaged in a volcanic eruption near the Settlement in 1961 which forced the entire population to abandon the settlement and move to the UK. The eruption destroyed the settlement's crayfish factory. The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected. Most families returned in 1963.

After the return of most of the islanders in 1963, the Settlement was rebuilt. The harbour at Edinburgh was named Calshot Harbour, after the place in Hampshire where the islanders temporarily stayed.

Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is the only major settlement of Tristan da Cunha, and contains a small port, the Administrator's residence, and the post office. There is a school, St Mary's School, with five classrooms, a computer room and other facilities.

Climate
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas has a mild and humid oceanic climate, with moderate temperatures throughout the year.

Gallery

References

Other websites
 DS World's Lands: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
 tripadvisor: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Harry Joseph Lennix III (born November 16, 1964) or Harry J. Lennix is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Terrence "Dresser" Williams in The Five Heartbeats and as Boyd Langton in the television series Dollhouse. He played General Swanwick in the 2013 movie Man of Steel. 

Lennix was born on November 16, 1964 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Quigley Preparatory Seminary South and at Northwestern University.

References

Other websites
 
 

Satellite Award winners
1964 births
Living people
African American actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Chicago
Pannotia (or Greater Gondwanaland and Vendian supercontinent) is a Neoproterozoic supercontinent. It may have existed during the Ediacaran period (~600 million years ago), to the end of the Precambrian (about 541 mya). After that, it split into smaller continents. The small ones were Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica, with the main landmass Gondwana south of them.

Lifespan 
About 750 million years ago the older supercontinent Rodinia split apart into three continents. They were earlier forms of Laurasia and Gondwana, and the continental craton of Congo. About 600 milion years ago, they formed Pannotia.

Pannotia was short-lived. The collisions that formed Pannotia were brief collisions, and the continents making up Pannotia already had active rifting. By about 550 million years ago , or only about 50 million years after Pannotia formed, Pannotia separated into four continents. Later the landmasses would recombine to form the most recent supercontinent, Pangaea.

Related pages 
 Plate tectonics 
 Rodinia
 Pangaea

References

Other websites

 An image showing Pannotia according to Christopher Scotese. (it is referred to as the late Precambrian Supercontinent in the image).
 
 

Supercontinents
The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical movie. It was directed by Robert Wise. It stars Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer. The movie is based on the Broadway musical The Sound of Music. The songs were written by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II. The musical was based on the book The Story of the Trapp Family Singers by Maria von Trapp. The movie is about a young woman who leaves an Austrian convent to become a governess to the seven children of a naval officer widower. The Sound of Music contains several popular songs, including "Edelweiss", "My Favorite Things", "Climb Ev'ry Mountain", "Do-Re-Mi", "Sixteen Going on Seventeen", and the title song, "The Sound of Music".

The Sound of Music was shot on location in Salzburg, Austria; the state of Bavaria in Germany; and at the 20th Century Fox studios in California, USA. The movie won five Academy Awards including Best Picture. It displaced Gone with the Wind as the highest-grossing film of all-time. The cast album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Album of the Year. In 2001, the United States Library of Congress selected the movie for preservation in the National Film Registry as it was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

References

1965 drama movies
1960s musical movies
20th Century Fox movies
American biographical movies
American family movies
American musical comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Best Picture Oscar
English-language movies
1960s historical movies
Movies about families
Movies about weddings
Movies based on plays
Movies set in the 1930s
World War II movies
Camelot is a musical. Alan Jay Lerner wrote the book and lyrics. Frederick Loewe wrote the music. The musical is based on T. H. White's novel, The Once and Future King. It tells the story of King Arthur and his knights in Camelot. 

The original 1960 production was directed by Moss Hart. It ran on Broadway for 873 performances. It starred Julie Andrews, Robert Goulet, and Richard Burton. 

The original production was followed by several revivals and foreign shows. In 1967, a movie version starring Richard Harris, Franco Nero, and Vanessa Redgrave was released. The original cast album was America's top-selling LP for 60 weeks. The musical has become associated with John F. Kennedy's Presidential Administration.

Broadway musicals
1960s musicals
Musicals based on books
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a telescope that was launched on 25 December 2021.  It is a replacement for the Hubble Space Telescope which was launched in 1990. 

The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who was a director at NASA and created the Apollo program that put astronauts on the moon.

It will have a main mirror that is  wide. This is 6 times larger in area than Hubble. It is so large it is made in 18 pieces that fold together during the launch, so that it can fit into a rocket. It is mainly an infrared telescope but also works in the red part of the visible light (the pictures will be coded with false color so we can see them). It is plated with gold because gold reflects  infrared very well. It will be able to see things that the Hubble Space Telescope cannot. Infrared vision can be used to see heat radiation (like some kinds of night vision goggles), so the telescope itself must be kept as cool as possible. It is protected by a large sunshield the size of a tennis court to keep it cool and dark.

Orbit

The JWST will be in orbit far from Earth, to avoid heat radiating from the Earth and moon. This special orbit is beyond the moon, at the second Lagrange point (L2) of the Sun-Earth system, a place of stable gravity. This orbit is  from Earth, about four times farther away from us than the moon.  This keeps it in the Earth's shadow most of the time; it does not actually go around the Earth, but goes around the sun at the same speed as the Earth.

References

Space telescopes
December 2021 events
Lagrange points are stable positions near large bodies in orbit. When two large bodies are in orbit around each other, there are places that a third body can occupy. Lagrange points are found in the orbits of Earth and the Sun, or the Moon and the Earth. The most well-known natural occupants of Lagrange points are Trojan asteroids.

The points are five places where a small object (such as a man-made satellite) can orbit. At those points, the gravitational forces of the two large bodies and forces due to motion all balance up. So, at those places, a small object keeps more or less in a stable position. Dust clouds, asteroids, and man-made satellites are found in those points.

This effect is named after the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange, who wrote a paper on this in 1772 (long before we put satellites into orbit).  

The five places are called L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5.  The first three (L1, L2, L3) are called metastable because if a satellite gets a bit out of place, it will fall away from that point, and not come back without using fuel.  L4 and L5 are considered stable - if a satellite gets a bit out of place, it will be pulled back into place by the gravity and centripetal forces, and oscillate around the Lagrange point. This can result in very wide swings around L4 and L5, sometimes called by such names as "tadpole" and "horseshoe" orbits.

NASA has inserted satellites into two Lagrange points of the Sun-Earth system. The L1 point (between the Earth and the sun) is used for satellites in a halo orbit to watch the sun, looking for solar flares. The L2 point (beyond the Earth) is used for space telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope launched on 25 December 2021.  It is a million miles (about 1.5 million kilometers) from Earth. 

Because L4 and L5 are stable, they have attracted dust clouds. The Earth-Sun system has attracted a few asteroids and the bigger planets have more and larger ones. These asteroids are called Trojan asteroids.

References

Solar System
Satellites
Mechanics
Chur  or  Coire is the capital city of the canton of Graubünden (also called Grisons). About 34.000 people live in the city, which is probably the oldest in Switzerland. The city is on the Rhine River.

The name "chur" may come from the Celtic word kora or koria, meaning "tribe", or from the Latin curia

Archaeological evidence that people lived here goes back as far as the Pfyn culture (3900-3500 BC), Various artefacts from the Bronze Age and Iron Age have been found in the city. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chur was created in  the 4th century. It was probably the first Roman Catholic diocese to be created north of the Alps.

On 1 January 2020 the municipality Maladers became part of Chur.

References

Other websites 

City of Chur – official website 
Chur tourism office
Chur on Graubünden Holidays, Switzerland; official Graubünden tourism office - English

Municipalities of Graubünden
Capital cities in Switzerland
The Chaldean Rite, or East Syrian Rite is a rite that is practiced by the Church of the East and its modern descendants, the Assyrian Church of the East, the Ancient Church of the East, the Chaldean Catholic Church, and the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church.  The Chaldean Catholic Church and the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church are in full communion with the Holy See. Thomas the Apostle established Christianity in Mesopotamia, Assyria, and Persia, when he travelled to India. The First Council of Ephesus in 431, said that the ideas and teachings of Nestorius were false. These teachings are commonly known as Nestorianism. The Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon did not share this opinion, and split from the other churches. The church was very successful, and quickly spread. The conquest of Tamerlane in the 15th century,  almost destroyed the church, and reduced itto a few communities. Differences in opinion resulted in the current situation. Two of the four churches are in full communion with the Holy See. All the churches commonly use the Syriac language for their texts.

Eastern Christian denominations
is a Japanese pop singer-songwriter and actress. She is nicknamed the "Eternal idol" by the Japanese media for her popularity in the 1980s and her long career. She is the mother of Sayaka Kanda.

Discography

Albums

Singles

Notes

Other websites 
 Official website
 Official website in English
 

1962 births
Singers from Fukuoka Prefecture
Actors from Fukuoka Prefecture
Living people
was a Japanese actress and singer. She was the daughter of J-pop star Seiko Matsuda and actor Masaki Kanda.

Career
In 1999, while a student at a Japanese school in Los Angeles, she appeared in Bean Cake. The short film won the Palme d'Or du court métrage at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. In 2005, she released a DVD called Dolls.

She made her Kōhaku Uta Gassen debut in the 62nd Kōhaku Uta Gassen (12/31/2011) singing Ue wo muite arukō with her mother, Seiko Matsuda.

Death
Kanada died after jumping from the fourteenth floor of her hotel room in Sapporo, Japan on December 18, 2021. She was 35 years old.

Discography

Singles
 "Ever Since" (2002)
 "Garden" (2003)
 "Mizu Iro" (2004)
 "Jougen no Tsuki" (2005)

Albums
 Doll (2005)
 Liberty (2011)

Filmography
 Bean Cake (2001)
 Dragon Head (2003)
 School Wars: Hero (2004)
 HEY JAPANESE! Do you believe PEACE, LOVE and UNDERSTANDING? (2007)
 Farewell, Kamen Rider Den-O: Final Countdown (2008)
 Amazing Grace (2010)
 Geki×Cine Bara to Samurai(2011)

References

Other websites 
 White Parasol 
 

1986 births
2021 deaths
Singers from Tokyo
Actors from Tokyo
Suicides by jumping
Japanese voice actors
Japanese movie actors
Japanese television actors
Gabriele Susanne Kerner (born 24 March 1960), better known by her stage name Nena, is a German singer and actress. She is best known for the New German Wave song "99 Luftballons". In 1984, she re-recorded this song in English as "99 Red Balloons".

References

Other websites

 Official Web Site 
 

1960 births
Living people
German pop singers
German rock musicians
Musicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Eros Luciano Walter Ramazzotti  (born October 28, 1963), known simply as Eros Ramazzotti, is an Italian musician and singer-songwriter. Ramazzotti is popular in Europe and the Spanish-speaking world. He has released most of his albums in both Italian and Spanish.

Discography

 Cuori agitati (Troubled Hearts) (1985)
 Nuovi eroi (New Heroes) (1986)
 In certi momenti (At Certain Times) (1987)
 Musica è (Music Is) (1988)
 In ogni senso (In Every Sense) (1990)
 Tutte storie (All Stories) (1993)
 Dove c'è musica  (Where Music Is) (1996)
 Stilelibero  (Freestyle) (2000)
 9 (2003)
 Calma apparente (Apparent Calm) (2005)
 Ali e radici (Wings and Roots) (2009)
 Noi (We) (2012)

References

1963 births
Living people
Entertainers from Rome
Italian singers
Songwriters
Bug Juice is a Disney Channel reality series. It was on the channel from February 28, 1998 – October 15, 2001. The show is centered around 20 kids and their experiences at a summer camp. The kids are seen working hard in their activities and building friendships. The phrase "bug juice" is a camping slang word for a very sweet juice drink made from powdered mixes, such as Kool-Aid. This is often served at summer camps.

After the show ended, Bug Juice did not appear on Disney Channel until the summer of 2004. The first season was shown and the last episode aired on August 20, 2004. This was the last time it was on Disney Channel. During the summer of 2006, Disney began adding mini episodes of Bug Juice on its website. The mini episodes were only five minute clips from the first season. Bug Juice was also broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4's The Bigger Breakfast.

Season One 
The first season took place in Waterford, Maine at Camp Waziyatah. They have been open since 1922.

Episodes 
 "Camp Waziyatah"
 "Getting to Know You"
 "To Clique...or Not to Clique"
 "Adventure Bound: Bushwack"
 "Molecules Colliding"
 "Boys-to-Men Talent Show"
 "Unity Campfire"
 "Aftershocks"
 "No Pain, No Gain"
 "Nice Guys Finish Last"
 "Goodbye, Session One"
 "Ch, Ch, Changes"
 "Session 2"
 "Turn, Turn, Turn"
 "When the Boys Go Away, Girls Will Play"
 "We Shall Overcome"
 "Flirting with Disaster: Co-Ed Canoe Trip"
 "The Last Hurrah"
 "So Long, Farewell"
 "Scrapbook"

Season Two 
The second season took place in Horse Shoe, North Carolina at Camp Highlander.

Episodes 
 "Your Adventure Starts Here"
 "You Never Know Until You Try"
 "Odd Man Out"
 "You Get What You Give"
 "Brits, Fights, & Videotape"
 "Old Friends & New Friends"
 "I'm Gonna Walk Those Fears Right Outta My Head"
 "First Farewells"
 "Bringing on the New Recruits"
 "The Dance of Love"
 "Climbing Toward Acceptance"
 "Outside Looking In"
 "You Don't Have to be a Star to Shine"
 "July Goodbye"
 "New Kids on the Bus"
 "Discovering Your Inner Camper"
 "Countdown Begins"
 "War Breaks at Highlander"
 "And the Winner Is..."
 "See Ya, Highlander"

Season Three 
The third season took place in Tererro, New Mexico at Brush Ranch Camp.

Episodes 
 "Welcome to Brush Ranch Camp"
 --
 --
 --
 --
 "Choices and Consequences"
 --
 --
 -- 
 --
 --
 --
 --
 --
 --
 --
 --
 --
 "Gettin' Dirty"
 "End of Brush Ranch"

Other websites 
 Camp Waziyatah - Location for season one
 
 

Reality television series
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
1998 television series debuts
2001 television series endings
The Famous Jett Jackson is a Canadian and American Disney Channel TV series. It is a coming-of-age television show for children between the ages of 12-16. The show is about a guy named Jett Jackson (Lee Thompson Young). He plays a teenage secret agent on a fictional TV show called Silverstone. 

The show was on the Disney Channel from October 25, 1998 – June 22, 2001. It was removed from the channel in June 2004. It once aired on ABC Family. The show was also seen again on Disney XD in 2009. The Jett Jackson: The Movie aired on Disney Channel in 2001.

Cast

Main 
 Lee Thompson Young as Jett Jackson/Silverstone
 Ryan Sommers Baum as J.B. Halliburton
 Kerry Duff as Kayla West
 Gordon Greene as Woodrick Jackson
 Montrose Hagins as Miz Coretta
 Melanie Nicholls-King as Jules Jackson

Other 
 Jeffrey Douglas as Cubby
 Lindy Booth as Riley Grant/Hawk
 Nigel Shawn Williams as Nigel Essex/Artemus

Awards and nominations 
The show The Famous Jett Jackson and its young cast were nominated for Young Artist Awards, presented by the nonprofit Young Artist Foundation, in several categories in the course of the show's run:

References

Other websites 
 
 

1998 television series debuts
Television series by Disney
2001 television series endings
1998 establishments in the United States
1998 establishments in Canada
2001 disestablishments in the United States
2001 disestablishments in Canada
The Jersey is a television show. It was produced by the Disney Channel. The show based on the Monday Night Football Club books by Gordon Korman.

Production on the show ended in April 2001. However, new episodes were shown until 2004. The last few episodes aired early Saturday mornings. After 64 episodes were shown, The Jersey was removed in June 2004. The show was on the Disney Channel from January 30, 1999 – March 23, 2004.

About the show 
The Jersey is about four teenagers who discover the magic of "the jersey". The Jersey is a mysterious football jersey. It can transport them into the bodies of professional athletes. In each episode, a different athlete is shown. The show has several sports superstars as guest actors including, Dan Lyle, Michael Andretti, Terrell Davis, David Robinson, Malik Rose, Tony Gonzalez, Shannon Sharpe, Donovan McNabb, Byron Dafoe, Michael Strahan, Kurt Warner, Stephon Marbury, Sergei Fedorov, Kordell Stewart, Jerome Bettis, Junior Seau, Scott Steiner, Eddie George, Sabrina Bryan, Randy Johnson, Tony Hawk, Laila Ali, Peyton Manning, and Danny Farmer.

Cast
 Michael Galeota as Nick Lighter
 Courtnee Draper as Morgan Hudson
 Jermaine Williams as Coleman Galloway
 Brianne Prather as Hilary Lighter
 Cheselka Leigh as Willa Conklin
 Theo Greenly as Elliot Rifkin
 Anna Newman as Mrs. Lighter
 Meagan Good as Tamika
 Vance Yudell as Phill Parker

Other websites 
  
 

1999 American television series debuts
Television series by Disney
2004 American television series endings
English-language television programs
This is a list of television series originally broadcast on, and produced solely by, Disney Channel. Both past and present series are included. Future series are only included if they have a confirmed air date. Series that are still in production are marked in bold.

Disney Channel has many popular shows. Its first ever series was Good Morning, Mickey!, which ran from 1983 to 1992. Its first Disney Channel original series was Flash Forward, which ran from 1996 to 1999. Disney's first hit series The All-New Mickey Mouse Club, which ran from 1989 to 1996. The second was Even Stevens.

The Disney Channel series

Disney Channel original series

Series Awards

Disney Junior and Playhouse Disney original series

Playhouse Disney original series

Disney Junior original series

Disney XD original series

References

Lists of television series
Anna Lovisa Johnsson better known by her stage name Ana Johnsson () (born October 4, 1977 in Gothenburg, Sweden) is a Swedish singer and songwriter.

Personal life
Johnsson currently lives in Stockholm, Sweden, and is engaged. Johnsson gave birth to her first child, a boy, on June 1, 2011. Johnsson names Foo Fighters, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Creed, Erykah Badu and Jane's Addiction as her favorite bands.

Discography

Albums 
Cuz I Can  released 14 Aprile 2004 (Bonnier Music)
The Way I Am  released 15 September 2004 (Bonnier Music)
Little Angel  released 18 October 2006 (Bonnier Music)

Singles 
Cuz I Can (2004)
Life (2004)
The Way I Am (2004)
We Are (2004)
Don't Cry for Pain (2004/2005)
Coz I Can (2005)
Days of Summer (2006)
Exception (2006)
Catch Me If You Can (2007)
Break Through Time (2007)

References

Other websites
Official English website 

Swedish singers
1977 births
Living people
People from Gothenburg
Diana Sabine Moussier (; born 12 July 1966) is a German-Mexican actress who is best known for her villainous roles in Televisa's telenovelas.

Filmography 
 Television 

 Theatre

Awards and nominations 
 Premios TVyNovelas 

 Premios ACE

Other websites
Sabine Moussier at the Internet Movie Database

1966 births
Living people
Actors from North Rhine-Westphalia
Mexican stage actors
Mexican television actors
Claude Le Jeune (1528 or 1530–1600) was a composer of the Renaissance. His most famous music was "Revecy venir du printemps". He was a Franco Flemish, possibly French composer. He was born in Valenciennes, and died in Paris.

1528 births
1530 births
1600 deaths
Flemish people
French composers
People from Hauts-de-France
Renaissance composers
Steny Hamilton Hoyer (born June 14, 1939) is an American politician. Hoyer is the U.S. Representative for Maryland's 5th congressional district, serving since 1981. The district includes a large area of rural and suburban territory southeast of Washington, D.C.. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Hoyer is the House Majority Leader since January 3, 2019.

He was first elected in a special election on May 19, 1981 and served as the House Majority Leader from 2007 to 2011. He had previously served as House Minority Whip from 2003 to 2007, and was reelected to that post in 2011. These positions make him the second-ranking figure in the House Democratic Leadership hierarchy.

Hoyer was born on June 14, 1939 in New York City, New York. He is of Danish descent. Hoyer studied at University of Maryland, College Park and at Georgetown University. He was married to Judith Hoyer until her death in 1997. They had three children.

In July 2018, Hoyer was hospitalized at George Washington University Hospital for pneumonia. In February 2022, he tested positive for COVID-19.

References

Other websites

 Congressman Steny Hoyer official U.S. House site
 Office of Democratic Whip Steny Hoyer  official site
 Majority Leader Steny Hoyer AmericPAC

1939 births
Living people
American Baptists
Lawyers from New York City
Politicians from New York City
United States representatives from Maryland
US Democratic Party politicians
Majority leaders of the United States House of Representatives
Lawyers from Maryland