cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dương Văn Minh (16 February 1916 – 6 August 2001) was a former General of the Army of the  Republic of Vietnam. He came from the first course at the French Military Academy of the Indochinese Confederation in the southeastern part of Vietnam for the purpose of training indigenous people to become officers serving the Colonial Army. During his active service, he was assigned to specialized positions in Command and General Staff. He was one of the few officers to be promoted to the rank of General of the Republic (Major General in 1955) and was also one of five soldiers who were promoted to General in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Vietnam. He was also a politician who held the position as Head of state in the period (1963 - 1964) and was the last president of the Republic of Vietnam. Although he held the throne briefly for only three days (from April 28 to April 30, 1975), he was credited with saving the city from the devastation. Called on the South Vietnamese Armed Forces to cease fire and surrender unconditionally at the request of the National Liberation Front when they began attacking the city on April 30, 1975 during the Ho Chi Minh Campaign.

Generals
1916 births
2001 deaths
Vietnamese military people
Lari Michele White (; May 13, 1965 – January 23, 2018) was an American country music artist and actress. 

White had a recording contract with RCA Records Nashville. She produced three studio albums, a greatest hits package, and several chart singles, with three of her singles having reached Top Ten: "That's My Baby" and "That's How You Know (When You're In Love)" at No. 10, and "Now I Know" at No. 5. A fourth studio album was released in 1998 on Lyric Street Records, followed by two more releases on White's own label, Skinny White Girl. Overall, White charted 12 times on the Billboard country music charts.

White had a small role in the movie Cast Away.

In November 2017, White was diagnosed with advanced peritoneal cancer. She died on January 23, 2018 in Nashville at the age of 52.

Discography
Singles

"Nothing but Love" (2004)
Studio albums
'Lead Me Not (1993)Wishes (1994)Stepping Stone (1998)Green Eyed Soul'' (2004)
Music videos
"White Christmas" (1995)

Related pages
List of country musicians from Florida

References

1965 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from peritoneal cancer
Cancer deaths in Tennessee
American singer-songwriters
American movie actors
Country musicians from Florida
American pianists
American country guitarists
Musicians from Florida
Singers from Florida
Writers from Florida
Actors from Florida
Hugh Ramapolo Masekela (4 April 1939 – 23 January 2018) was a South African trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, composer and singer. He has been described as the "father of South African jazz." Masekela was known for his jazz compositions and for writing well-known anti-apartheid songs such as "Soweto Blues" and "Bring Him Back Home".

Masekela died in Johannesburg on 23 January 2018 from prostate cancer, aged 78.

References

1939 births
2018 deaths
20th-century composers
21st-century composers
Bandleaders
Deaths from prostate cancer
Jazz musicians
Jazz singers
South African entertainers
Trumpeters
Naomi Parker Fraley (August 26, 1921 – January 20, 2018) was an American war worker and waitress. She is thought to be the likely model for the iconic "We Can Do It!" poster. She was unaware that the poster had become famous and in the interim Geraldine Hoff Doyle was credited as the model. The poster is erroneously referred to as the Rosie the Riveter poster, having become associated with the cultural icon in the 1980s. She was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Parker died in Longview, Washington on January 20, 2018 at the age of 96.

References

1921 births
2018 deaths
Models from Oklahoma
World War II people
People from Tulsa, Oklahoma
"We Can Do It!" is an American wartime propaganda poster produced by J. Howard Miller in 1943 for Westinghouse Electric as an inspirational image to boost worker morale. It actively became popular in the 1980s feminist movement. 

The poster was very little seen during World War II. It was rediscovered in the early 1980s and widely reproduced in many forms, often called "We Can Do It!" but also called "Rosie the Riveter" (modeled by Naomi Parker) after the iconic figure of a strong female war production worker.

The image made the cover of the Smithsonian magazine in 1994 and was fashioned into a US first-class mail stamp in 1999.

References

Other websites

World War II
Feminism
Gordon the Big Engine is a fictional anthropomorphic tender locomotive in The Railway Series books by Reverend Wilbert Vere Awdry and is one of the central characters in the television series Thomas and Friends, which is based on the books. He is painted blue and carries the number 4. Gordon views himself as the most important engine because he is the biggest and he pulls the Express.

His first appearance in the Railway Series was in Book 1, The Three Railway Engines. The eighth book in the series was dedicated to him, as was the thirty-first.

Voice Actors
Neil Crone (Thomas and the Magic Railroad(UK/US) and Thomas and Friends: All Engines Go!(US))
Keith Wickham (UK; Hero of the Rails onwards)
Kerry Shale (US; Hero of the Rails onwards)
Kenji Utsumi (Japan; Season 1 - 8)
Kenta Miyake (Japan; Calling All Engines! onwards)

References

Thomas and Friends
Fictional characters
Toby the Tram Engine is a fictional anthropomorphic tram engine in The Railway Series by the Reverend Wilbert Vere Awdry and his son, Christopher; he also appears in the spin-off television series Thomas & Friends. Toby, a tram engine with cowcatchers and sideplates, carries the North Western Railway running number seven and works on the same Ffarquhar branch line as Thomas the Tank Engine.

Toby first appeared in the seventh book in The Railway Series, Toby the Tram Engine in 1952, and appeared in several subsequent books. The second book focused on Toby was the sixth of Christopher Awdry's books, Toby, Trucks and Trouble.

Thomas and Friends
Fictional characters
Karla Camila Cabello Estrabao (born March 3, 1997), known simply as Camila Cabello, is a Cuban Mexican American singer and songwriter. Camila's dad is from Mexico and her mum is Cuban.  She began her career in 2013 as a contestant on the American version of The X Factor. She was eliminated from the show but was brought back with four other girl contestants to create the group Fifth Harmony. That group finished in third place.

She launched a solo career in December 2016, leading to successful songs like "Crying in the Club" and "Havana", which became her first number-one song in the US. Havanna was number 1 in the UK for four weeks and it still is in the charts.   Her debut solo album, Camila, also topped the charts the same week as "Havana" did, making her only the third artist to have their first album and a single at the top of the charts at the same time. She has a younger sister.

Early life 
Karla Camila Cabello Estrabao was born on March 3, 1997, in Cojimar, Cuba.  When she was six, she moved to Miami, Florida, with her Cuban mother and Mexican father.

Solo career (2016–present) 
On December 18, 2016, Cabello announced that she was leaving Fifth Harmony.

Cabello released several singles throughout 2017.  Her most successful, "Havana", with rapper Young Thug, was released in August of that year, as the lead single from her first solo album.  The song topped charts in Canada, Australia, and the UK.  After spending seven weeks at number two in the US, the song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for the week ending January 27, 2018.

Her debut solo album, Camila, was released on January 12, 2018.  It entered at the top of the Billboard 200 album chart in the US with over 119,000 combined streams and copies sold.  With this, she became only the third artist in history to have their first number-one album and first number-one single in the same week.  Only Beyoncé and Britney Spears have done this before in 2003 and 1999, respectively.

Notes

References 

Cuban people
Singers from Miami, Florida
Pop musicians
R&B musicians
Swisscom AG is the main telecommunications provider in Switzerland. The headquarters are located at Worblaufen near Bern.

Other websites 
 Official website

Telephone companies of Europe
Companies of Switzerland
Jozias Johannes van Aartsen (born December 25, 1947 in The Hague) is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).

He was acting mayor of Amsterdam from December 2017 till July 2018.

Previously Van Aartsen was mayor of The Hague, acting queen's commissioner of the Province of Drenthe, a foreign affairs and agricultural minister, an MP, and also VVD political and parliamentary leader.

He started his career as a civil servant.

Jozias van Aartsen is married with three children.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1947 births
Living people
Dutch civil servants
Dutch provincial politicians
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Mayors of Amsterdam
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from The Hague
Selma  used to be a municipality of the district Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2015 the municipalities of Arvigo, Braggio, Cauco and Selma combined and became the new municipality of Calanca.

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Rimbach-près-Masevaux is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

The villages of Basse Bers, Ermensbach, Grossenberg, Haute Bers, Horben, Johannesberg, Langmatt, Neuerbet, Riedelsbourg, Riesenwald and Ruchberg are in this commune.

Related pages
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

References 

INSEE commune file

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Calanca is a municipality of the district of Moesa in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.  On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Arvigo, Braggio, Cauco and Selma merged to form the new municipality of Calanca.

References 

Municipalities of Graubünden
2015 establishments in Switzerland
The flag of Tanzania has a yellow-fimbriated black diagonal band, divided diagonally from the lower hoist-side corner, with a green upper triangle and blue lower triangle.

References 

Tanzania
Tanzania
Bình Dương is a province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. Bình Dương's current capital is Thủ Dầu Một the seventh largest province in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Bình Dương has traditional villages, such as wood carving, pottery and lacquer painting. Since ancient times, art pottery, lacquerware and sculpture of Bình Dương have participated in international fairs and also exported to France and many countries in the region.

When the August Revolution broke out, the province commissioned a general uprising to seize power in Bình Dương and establish a provincial People's Committee. In mid-September, the provincial People's Committee changed its name to the Provincial Resistance Administrative Committee. At the end of September 1945, the British-French alliance opened fire to recapture the South. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam in South Vietnam decides the South resistance. Implementing the policy of "dissolving" of the Communist Party of Vietnam. On 11 November 1945 the provincial Party Committee also proceeded to "dissolve", actually developing the revolutionary movement under the name Việt Minh.

References

Provinces of Vietnam
The 2018 Atlantic hurricane season was a near-normal season but above-average in terms of ACE and it had 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes in which tropical cyclones were formed in the Northern Hemisphere at the Atlantic basin. It happens yearly, and the hurricane season officially started on June 1, and officially ended on November 30.

Subtropical Storm Alberto in late May was the first storm of the season that formed on May 25. This was the fourth consecutive season in which storms form before the official start of the hurricane season. Beryl became the first hurricane of the season in early July. Florence became the first major hurricane of the season on September 5. Michael became the second major hurricane of the season on October 9, and a day later, it became the third-most intense hurricane to make landfall in the United States in terms of pressure, behind the 1935 Labor Day hurricane and Hurricane Camille of 1969. As Michael became a Category 5, 2018 became a third consecutive season to feature at least one Category 5 hurricane (Matthew in 2016; Irma and Maria in 2017). This season is the first on record to see seven storms that were subtropical at some point in their lifetimes (Alberto, Beryl, Debby, Ernesto, Joyce, Leslie, and Oscar). The season ended with Hurricane Oscar on October 31.

Timeline

Storm names

The following list of names will be used for naming storms that will be formed in the North Atlantic in 2018. Any retired names will be announced by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in the spring of 2019. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2024 season. This is the same list used in the 2012 season, with the exception of the name Sara which replaced Sandy.

Alberto
Beryl
Chris
Debby
Ernesto
Florence
Gordon

Helene
Isaac
Joyce
Kirk
Leslie
Michael
Nadine

Oscar

Retirement 
The storm names Florence and Michael were retired by the World Meteorological Organization on March 20, 2019, and they will not be used again for another Atlantic hurricane. They will be replaced with Francine and Milton for the 2024 season, respectively.

Atlantic hurricane seasons
Rajanpur (Urdu: راجن پُور‬‎), is a capital city of Rajanpur District in Punjab, Pakistan. The district is located west of the Indus River.

References 

Cities in India
Miandam is a hill station and tourist place in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It lies  above sea level.

References 

Hill Stations in Pakistan
Leona Helmsley (July 4, 1920 – August 20, 2007) was an American businesswoman. She was known for having a flamboyant personality. She had a reputation for tyrannical behavior; she was nicknamed the Queen of Mean.

She owned many hotels, apartment buildings and condominiums.

Helmsley was found guilty in 1989 of tax evasion, false personal tax returns and mail fraud. She served some time in prison for the crimes.

Helmsley was born in Marbletown, New York. She died from heart failure at age 87 in Greenwich, Connecticut.

References

Deaths from cardiovascular disease
American fraudsters
1920 births
2007 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Chartchai Chionoi (; ) a.k.a. Chartchai Laemfapha (; ) or birth name Naris Chionoi (; ; October 10, 1942 – January 21, 2018) was a former professional Thai boxer, WBC World champion & WBA World champion in the flyweight division.  Chionoi took the WBC World Flyweight Title two successive times and the WBA Title one successive times before finally relinquishing it. He was born near Hua Lamphong Station, Pathum Wan District, Bangkok.

Chionoi died on January 21, 2018 of pneumonia complicated from Parkinson's disease in Bangkok at the age of 75.

References

Other websites

 Chartchai Chionoi - CBZ Profile

1942 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
People with Parkinson's disease
Thai sportspeople
Boxers
People from Bangkok
Philip Norman Bredesen Jr. (born November 21, 1943) is an American politician, author and entrepreneur. He served as the 48th Governor of Tennessee from 2003 to 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was first elected in 2002 with 50.6% of the vote, and was reelected in 2006 with 68.0%. He served as the 66th Mayor of Nashville from 1991 to 1999.

On December 6, 2017, Bredesen announced he would run for Bob Corker's open seat in the United States Senate, as Corker announced he would not seek reelection in 2018. In August 2018, he became the Democratic nominee. He lost the election to Marsha Blackburn.

References

Other websites

 

1943 births
Living people
Governors of Tennessee
Politicians from New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
Businesspeople from New Jersey
Mayors of Nashville, Tennessee
US Democratic Party politicians
Businesspeople from Nashville, Tennessee
Writers from Nashville, Tennessee
Richard Harmon "Dick" Fulton (January 27, 1927 – November 28, 2018) was a Democratic politician. He served as a member of the Tennessee State Senate and of the United States House of Representatives, and the second mayor of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville, Tennessee.

Fulton died on November 28, 2018 under hospice care in Nashville at the age of 91.

References

Other websites
 

1927 births
2018 deaths
United States representatives from Tennessee
Mayors of Nashville, Tennessee
US Democratic Party politicians
Rachel Marilyn Lloyd (née Laird; January 3, 1929 – September 19, 2018) was an American businesswoman and politician. She served for ten terms as member of the United States House of Representatives serving from 1975 to 1995.

Lloyd died on September 19, 2018 in Chattanooga, Tennessee from complications of pneumonia at the age of 89.

References

Other websites

1929 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Tennessee
United States representatives from Tennessee
Businesspeople from Tennessee
Businesspeople from Arkansas
Politicians from Arkansas
US Democratic Party politicians
Moshe Sharett, Hebrew: משה שרת , born Moshe Shertok, Hebrew: משה שרתוק‬, (October 15, 1894 in Kherson (Russian Empire, nowadays Ukraine) - July 7, 1965 in Jerusalem) was an Israeli politician of Mapai Party.

Sharett moved to Ottoman Palestine in 1906. He studied at Istanbul University and the London School of Economics.

In 1920s he worked as a journalist in the United Kingdom. He returned to Mandatory Palestine in 1931, and became a member of the Assembly of Representatives.

He was one of those who signed the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.

Sharett was chosen into the first Knesset in 1949, and stayed a Member of Knesset till his death.

He was also in the government. He was Foreign Minister from 1948 to 1956. During this time he was also Prime Minister from January 26, 1954 to November 3, 1955, succeeding fellow party member David Ben-Gurion (last one succeeded Sharett).

Moshe Sharett died in 1965 at the age of 80.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

1894 births
1965 deaths
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Former Members of Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli former political leaders
Israeli journalists
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish Israeli writers
Mapai politicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Prime Ministers of Israel
Ukrainian Jews
Zionists
Trevor Rodney Kidd (born March 29, 1972) is a former NHL goaltender who last played for the Hannover Scorpions in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Throughout his 12-year National Hockey League career, Kidd played for the Calgary Flames, Carolina Hurricanes, Florida Panthers and Toronto Maple Leafs. A first-round draft pick, Kidd was selected 11th overall by the Flames in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

Other websites

1972 births
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Calgary Flames players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Carolina Hurricanes players
Florida Panthers players
Living people
Spokane Chiefs players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
American Hockey League players
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Aquilegia (commonly known as granny's  bonnet or columbine) is a genus of about 60-70 species of perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands, and at higher altitudes throughout the Northern Hemisphere, known for the spurred petals  of their flowers.

References

Plants of Pakistan
White Americans are Americans who have light-colored skin. Most Americans belong to this group.

In 2010, 70% of the people living in the United States identified as being white or White Hispanics. Non-Hispanic whites accounted for about 60% of the U.S. population.

References

Society
Race
Ethnic groups in the United States
Carson James Wentz (born December 30, 1992) is an American football quarterback. He plays the Indianapolis Colts in the National Football League (NFL).

He was drafted in the first round of the 2016 NFL draft. He played his first NFL game in 2016. In his first year he passed for 3,782 yards and 16 touchdowns, 14 Interceptions. His team the Eagles finished the year 7–9 and missed the playoffs. In his second year he had good season 3,296	yards and 33 touchdowns and 7 Interceptions. He was seen as an MVP candidate. The. In week 14 Wentz injured his knee against the Los Angeles Rams.

References

Philadelphia Eagles players
American football quarterbacks
1992 births
Living people
Romani Americans are people in the United States whose ancestors once came from India in Ancient time's. They came to the United States via Eastern Europe at 19th century - 20th century. It is estimated that there are one million Romani people in the United States, occasionally known as American Gypsies.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Roma
Olivia Carlena Cole (November 26, 1942 – January 19, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Memphis, Tennessee. Her career began in 1954 and ended when she retired in 2011. Cole won an Emmy Award for her role as Chicken George's wife, Matilda in the 1977 miniseries Roots. She was also known for her role as Maggie Rogers in the 1979 miniseries Backstairs at the White House.

Cole died at the age of 75 at her home in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico on January 19, 2018, after a heart attack.

References

Other websites

Emmy Award winning actors
1942 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Mexico
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Memphis, Tennessee
Marcos José Carvajal (; 19 August 1984 – 24 January 2018) was a Venezuelan relief pitcher. He played for the Colorado Rockies and Florida Marlins of Major League Baseball.

Carvajal died of pneumonia on January 24, 2018 in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela at the age of 33.

References

Other websites
Retrosheet
Pura Pelota Venezuelan Winter League statistics
The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia – Gary Gillette, Peter Gammons, Pete Palmer. Publisher: Sterling Publishing, 2005. Format: Paperback, 1824pp. Language: English. 

1984 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Colorado Rockies players
Florida Marlins players
Venezuelan sportspeople
Gonzalo Justo Facio Segreda (28 March 1918 – 24 January 2018) was a Costa Rican lawyer, politician, and diplomat. He was born in San José, Costa Rica. 

Facio Segreda served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1970 to 1978, as President of the Legislative Assembly from 1953 to 1956, and later served as Ambassador to the United States from 1956 to 1958, again from 1962 to 1966 and again from 1990 to 1994.

Facio Segreda died on 24 January 2018 of pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease in Escazu, Costa Rica at the age of 99.

References

1918 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
People with Alzheimer's disease
Lawyers
Diplomats
Ambassadors to the United States
Costa Rican people
Renaud Gagneux (15 May 1947 – 24 January 2018) was a French composer. He was born in Paris. Gagneux studied piano with Alfred Cortot and composition with Henri Dutilleux at the École Normale in Paris. In 1966 he went to Cologne to study composition with Karlheinz Stockhausen, then with André Jolivet and Olivier Messiaen at the Conservatoire de Paris. 

In 1972 he joined the Groupe de Recherches Musicales de l'ORTF. His many prizes include the Sacem Grand Prix for chamber music (1977), the Prix Georges Enesco (1983), the Prize for New Talent from the SACD (1989), the Composers' Prize of the Sacem (1990), and the SACEM Grand Prix 1993 for his works overall.

Gagneux died in Paris on 24 January 2018 of ALS-related complications at the age of 70.

References

Other websites
Composer website 
Details on Requiem

1947 births
2018 deaths
21st-century French composers
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in France
20th-century French composers
People from Paris
The Bristol stool scale is a medical diagnosis tool used by Doctors to classify the way feces looks into 7 different categories.  It is also known by the names, Bristol stool chart and Bristol stool form scale.

It was developed at Bristol Royal Infirmary in 1997 as a clinical assessment tool, but is also used to help with patients who can't speak, so that they can show their doctor if they have a problem with their bowels (a clinical communication aid).  It's also used to help diagnose Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Understanding the scale

The seven types of feces described by the scale are:

Type 1: Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass)
Type 2: Sausage-shaped, but lumpy
Type 3: Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface
Type 4: Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft
Type 5: Soft blobs with clear cut edges (passed easily)
Type 6: Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool
Type 7: Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid

References

Gastroenterology
Physiology
Medical tests
Neagu Djuvara (; August 18, 1916 – January 25, 2018) was a Romanian historian, essayist, philosopher, journalist, novelist and diplomat. He was born in Bucharest. Djuvara was an active contributor to Radio Free Europe. Between 1991 and 1998, he was an Associate Professor at the University of Bucharest. During the early 1990s, he was a noted critic of Romanian political developments.

Djuvara died in Bucharest of pneumonia on January 25, 2018 at the age of 101.

References

Other websites 
 Page at the Humanitas site

1916 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Romanian historians
Essayists
Romanian philosophers
Centenarians
Romanian journalists
Novelists
Romanian diplomats
Writers from Bucharest
Lyudmila Petrovna Senchina (;  13 December 1950, – 25 January 2018) was a Soviet, Ukrainian and Russian singer (soprano). 

She was also an actress, appearing in Armed and Dangerous (), in which Lyudmila performed a female lead role.

Works 
Senchina was known for her songs Cinderella (),  Stones  (),  Love and Separation  (),  White Acacia  (),  Birthday  (),  White Dance  (),  Field Flowers  ().

Awards 
In 1979 she was awarded the title of Meritorious Artist of the RSFSR and in 2002 the title of People's Artist of Russia. Merited Artist of Ukraine (2003).

Senchina died on 25 January 2018 in a hospital in St. Petersburg of pancreatic cancer at the age of 67.

References

1950 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from breast cancer
Russian singers
Russian movie actors
Soviet singers
Soviet movie actors
Ukrainian singers
Patrick Kayumbu Mazimhaka (26 April 1948 – 25 January 2018) was a Rwandan politician. He was the former Deputy Chairperson of the African Union's African Commission. Mazimhaka was born in Rwanda. He was elected the Deputy Chairperson of the African Union Commission in July 2003 held in Maputo, Mozambique, and held the office until 6 February 2008. He was, until his election, the Senior Presidential Advisor to the President of Rwanda on the Great Lakes Region. 

Mazimhaka died in Delhi, India on 25 January 2018 at the age of 69.

References

Further reading
 describes Mazimhaka's 1999 recollection of Colonel Theoneste Bagosura's intention at the time of the Arusha accord to plan "Apocalypse deux".

1948 births
2018 deaths
Civil servants
Rwandan people
African politicians
Gustav Gerneth (15 October 1905 – 22 October 2019) was a German World War II-veteran and at the time of his death at age 114 years, 7 days the oldest person ever in Germany and the oldest living man in the world as well as the youngest of only 8 men and only 2 European men (behind Spaniard Joan Riudavets) who have become at least 114 years old. He was born in 1905 in Stettin, which was then part of the German Empire and is now in Poland as Szczecin.

Gerneth worked in a shipping company and at a gas plant during World War II. He was a Russian prisoner-of-war until 1947 when he was released from imprisonment. He married his wife Charlotte (died in 1988) in 1930 and the couple had three sons, all of whom now deceased. 

He became the oldest living man in Europe after Spaniard Francisco Núñez-Olivera's death on 29 January 2018, and later also the first German person to become 113 and 114 years old as well as the oldest living man in the world on 19 January 2019 after the death of Japaneseman Masazo Nonaka, who was almost 12 weeks older and became the oldest living man after Núñez-Olivera's death (Nonaka died on 20 January Japanese time). Nonaka and Gerneth were, after the death of Americanman Richard Overton (also a World War II-veteran) on 27 December 2018, the last two living men born before 1907.

Gerneth lived in Saxony-Anhalt in the same brick house with steep entrance stairs for over 40 years, before his death just a week after celebrating his 114th birthday.

References

1905 births
2019 deaths
German people
Supercentenarians
Alipurduar district is a district in West Bengal, India. The headquarters of this district is Alipurduar city. This district was created in the year of 2014. This is the 20th district of West Bengal.

The district contains nine census towns and rural areas of 66 gram panchayats. These are under six community development blocks: Madarihat - Birpara, Alipurduar I, Alipurduar II, Falakata, Kalchini and Kumargram.

The nine census towns are Paschim Jitpur, Chechakhata, Alipurduar Railway Junction, Bholar Dabri, Sobhaganj, Falakata, Jaygaon and Uttar Latabari and Uttar Kamakhyaguri.

References

Districts of West Bengal
Aditi Sajwan (born 12 February 1991 in Dehradun, India) is an Indian television soap opera actress. She made her acting debut in Zee TV's Meri Doli Tere Angana. After she entered Imagine TV's Rajkumaar Aaryan to play the role of Mayasheen, she played Yashoda in Jai Shri Krishna and she was seen in Meera as Meera , She was last seen on television Show Chidiya Ghar as Koyal.

Career
Sajwan n.k has all her life lived in different states of India as her father Pradeep Shingh Sajwan had a transferrable job. She was born in Dehradun, India. Her mother, Vineeta Sajwan, is a housewife. Her younger brother is a student. Her sister is a corporate anchor by profession. Sajwan is a trends Bharata Natyam and Kathak dancer. She is also a singer. She moved to Mumbai to pursue her career as an actor. She completed her BMM degree from Mumbai itself along with her acting.

References

Indian television actors
Living people
1991 births
Stephen Edward Foster (30 September 1946 – 25 January 2018), better known as Steve Foster, was an Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist and banjo and harmonica player. He was born in Murray Bridge, South Australia. 

Foster's career had mostly been as a solo artist, but he has led some very successful bands as well including Inkase, Alcheringa, Head First and Limited Edition. He was the opening act on the Brian Cadd & the Bootleg Family Australian tour 1972-1973. He performed in The Mount Lofty Rangers.

In September 1972, was the release of Foster's award-winning debut solo album Coming Home In A Jar on the Bootleg Label.

In 1995 Forever Blue, a co-write with Graham Goble, first recorded by Little River Band in 1986 on the album No Reins, the last album recorded with John Farnham became a huge hit in Europe, rising into the Top 10.

Foster was an Australia Day Ambassador. He traveled each year to visit councils across South Australia to perform and explain what it means to be a proud Australian.

Foster died on 25 January 2018, in Adelaide, Australia of lung cancer at the age of 71.

References

Other websites
stevefostermusic.com 
stevefoster.info
Steve Foster & Blackwood County Bluegrass Ensemble (MySpace)
Steve Foster & The OCQ (MySpace)
Steve Foster & Blackwood County Bluegrass Ensemble (Triple J Unearthed)
Steve Foster & The OCQ (Triple J Unearthed)

1946 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Australia
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian guitarists
Australian folk musicians
Australian pop musicians
Australian pop singers
Australian rock musicians
Australian rock singers
Banjo players
Musicians from South Australia
Jeffrey William Colyer (born June 3, 1960) is an American surgeon and politician. On January 31, 2018, he became the 47th Governor of Kansas. Before, he was the 49th Lieutenant Governor of Kansas serving under Governor Sam Brownback. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a member of the Kansas Senate (2009–2011) and of the Kansas House of Representatives (2007–2009).

Colyer was a White House Fellow under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. He worked in international affairs.

On January 24, 2018, Vice President Mike Pence broke a 49-49 tie vote to make Governor Brownback the United States Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom. Governor Brownback resigned on January 25, 2018 to serve as the ambassador, thus making Colyer the designate governor.

On August 14, 2018, Colyer lost the Republican nomination to Secretary of State Kris Kobach for Governor in the 2018 election by 345 votes.

References

Other websites
Project Vote Smart profile
 Campaign contributions: 2006, 2008

1960 births
Living people
American physicians
Governors of Kansas
Lieutenant Governors of Kansas
US Republican Party politicians
21st-century American politicians

Kansas Republicans
Ikyawann is a 2017 Indian television series, which is broadcast on Star Plus and stream on Hotstar. The show is  premiered on 13 November 2017.The Show is Going Off Air on 1 June 2018 and it will get replaced by Sabse Smart Kaun.

Plot
The story of the show centers around a diffident girl, Susheel, 51st child of the Parekh family. A road accident kills all the female members of Parekh family except Susheel's mother. Avni gives birth to Susheel but dies. The accident was planned by Leela, Kiran's mother, who wants revenge for her daughter. Otherside, Satya is the grandson of Leela. The story follows these two main characters as they fall in love and try to overcome their personal and family problems.

Cast and characters

Main
 Prachi Tehlan as Susheel Parekh
 Namish Taneja as Satya Ajmera

Recurring
 Priyank Tatariya as Mehul Parekh
 Anwar Fatehan as Banke Parekh
 Kavita Vaid as Leela Ajmera
 Nabeel Ahmed as Vishu Ajmera
 Neha Yadav as Sejal Ajmera
 Pallavi Bharti as Dr. Kali Ajmera
 Puneet Panjwani as Naresh Parekh
 Jai Vats as Nitish Parekh
 Komal Dhillon as Kiran Ajmera
 Akshitta Arora as Jhano

References

Other websites 
 Ikyawann Streaming on Hotstar

Hindi-language television series
Indian television series
2017 Indian television series debuts
2018 television series endings
2018 disestablishments in India
The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar that gives browned food its distinctive flavor. Seared steaks, pan-fried dumplings, cookies and other kinds of biscuits, breads, toasted marshmallows, as well as many other foods, undergo this reaction.

The reactive carbonyl group of the sugar reacts with the nucleophilic amino group of the amino acid, and forms a complex mixture of poorly characterized molecules responsible for a range of aromas and flavors. At higher temperatures, caramelization and subsequently pyrolysis become more pronounced.

Organic reactions
Chemistry
Arang Kel is a village, tourist spot and a hill station located in Neelum valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located at a height of 8,379 feet (2,554 m).

Hill Stations in Pakistan
Neelum Valley is located in the northern part of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.  It includes a number of tourist spots like Arang Kel, Kel, Athmuqam and Dowarian.

References 

Valleys of Azad Kashmir
The flag of Zimbabwe has seven horizontal stripes of green, gold, red and black with a white triangle containing a red five-pointed star with a Zimbabwe Bird. The most recent design was adopted on April 18th, 1980. Zimbabwe won its freedom from the United Kingdom on this day. This design is adapted from the flag of the Zimbabwe African National Union, the current ruling party in Zimbabwe.

Related pages
Flag of Rhodesia

Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Edward John "Chips" Hardy (born 23 January 1950) is an English screenwriter, novelist, playwright, and creative director. He and Elizabeth Ann, his wife, are the parents of actor Tom Hardy, with whom Hardy worked on BBC One's drama series Taboo, as the co-creator, a writer and a consulting producer.

Early life 
Chips Hardy was born on 23 January 1950 and grew up in Ealing. Named Edward after both his father, Edward Thomas Hardy, who worked for the Port of London Authority, and his grandfather, Edward Egmore Hardy, who was the Fire Chief at Ealing Studios. His mother, Patricia, was a deputy headmistress.

In 1961 Hardy won a state scholarship to Latymer Upper School. In 1969 he won an Exhibition to read English at Downing College, Cambridge.

Career 
Alongside a career in advertising as an award-winning Global Creative Director, Hardy has written for television, movie, theatre, novels and stand-up material. Productions include a children’s television series with a talking chair called Helping Henry and About Face, a television drama with Maureen Lipman. Hardy also won a British Comedy Award for his work with Irish comedian Dave Allen.

In 2007, Hardy’s novel Each Day A Small Victory was published in the form of frontline despatches from amongst the embattled wildlife in an English country lay-by, illustrated by Oscar Grillo.

Blue on Blue, Hardy’s darkly comic play on self-harm, was first showcased at the Latchmere 503 in London in 2007. The play was revived in 2016 at the Tristan Bates in London in partnership with BLESMA, the British Limbless Ex-serviceman’s Association. In 2008, Hardy’s one woman dysfunctional Cabaret, There’s Something In The Fridge that Wants To Kill Me!, ran notably at the Edinburgh Festival.

In 2009, inspired by an idea from his son Tom Hardy, Chips Hardy and Tom created the story that was to become the 2017 eight-part series Taboo. Hardy is the co-creator, a writer and a consulting producer.

References

Other websites 
 

1950 births
English novelists
English playwrights
English television writers
Screenwriters from London
Living people
Nicholas Edward "Nick" Palatas (born January 22, 1988) is an American actor. He has appeared in two short movies, titled The Erogenous Zone and Love and has been in several ads. In 2009, he played Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the movie, Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins and reprised the role in Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster which released in October 2010.

Personal life
Palatas has two brothers, Phillip Palatas and actor Cameron Palatas.

He is married to Marissa Denig (sister of actress Maggie Grace), with whom he has two children, Vienna and Edward.

Filmography

Film

Other websites 
 

1988 births
American movie actors
American television actors
Living people
Actors from Maryland
People from Bethesda, Maryland
American voice actors
was a Japanese LDP politician. He served as a local politician from 1951 to 1978 and in the House of Representatives from 1983 to 2003. He served as Minister of Home Affairs and Head of the National Public Safety Commission from 1994 to 1995, as Chief Cabinet Secretary from 1998 to 1999, and as Head of the Okinawa Development Agency in 1999.

References

Other websites
 Profile of Hiromu Nonaka

1925 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Japanese politicians
Star India (also known as  Star India Private Limited) is the largest media company of India. This media operator has 58 channels in eight languages. On 14 December 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced that it would acquire 21st Century Fox's Entertainment Division for $52.4 billion. Since Star India is owned by Fox it will automatically be one of the assets acquired by Disney. STAR India announced it has successfully completed the integration of the broadcast business of MAA TV in a deal estimated to be between Rs 2,000 to 2,500 crore. The have STAR sports group has planned to build a national sports network in India. The plan includes broadcasting in Indian languages. Star CJ Alive and depends mainly on infomercials. On 14 November 2012 Star CJ Alive appointed Kenny Shin as CEO for India.

References

Media in Asia
Companies of India
Herbolzheim is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

It is near the river Elz, 26 km north of Freiburg.

References

Other websites 
 Official Website  
 Herbolzheim: History and images
Caihong () is an extinct dinobird from Late Jurassic China. Caihong was discovered in 2014. The animal may predate the famous Aurornis xui, the earliest bird, by about 1 million years.

The type species, Caihong juji, was named in 2018.

Description

Size

Caihong was a rather small dinosaur. Its length was estimated at , and its weight at .

Skeleton

The skull of Caihong has a length of 67.6 millimetres. It is low and elongated (superficially similar to that of Velociraptor), only slightly shorter than the femur.

Vertebrae
Caihong probably has ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae and twenty-sic tail vertebrae.

Feathering and coloration
The fossilized feathers of Caihong showed similarity to a black iridescent color in extant birds. Other feathers found on the head, chest, and the base of the tail preserve flattened sheets of platelet-like melanosomes.

Caihong represents the oldest known evidence of platelet-like melanosomes.

References

Fossil taxa described in 2018
Kel () is a village in Neelum Valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located at a height of . It is near the Line of Control.

References 

Hill Stations in Pakistan
Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân (born 12 April 1954 in Bến Tre Province) is a Vietnamese politician currently serving as Chairwoman of the National Assembly of Vietnam and the first woman to take the position. Previously, she served as Vice President of the National Assembly, Minister of Labor and President of Hải Dương Province. She replaced Nguyễn Sinh Hùng as Chairwoman of the National Assembly on 31 March 2016.

References

Vietnamese politicians
Olivia Theresa Longott (born 15 February 1981, in Brooklyn, New York, USA) is an American actress and  singer. She was also on the Love & Hip Hop: New York series.

Early life and career
Longott was born in Brooklyn, New York. She was raised in New York City. She studied music at Bayside High School. She started her career in her teenage years. She released her first single in 2000.

Notes 

1981 births
Living people
Actors from Brooklyn
Singers from New York City
Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH) is a medical center hospital in the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Illinois. It is the teaching hospital for Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine. 

Along with its Prentice Women’s Hospital and Stone Institute of Psychiatry, the hospital has a total of 894 patient beds. The hospital has over 1,600 physicians on the medical staff at Northwestern Memorial who also carry faculty appointments with Feinberg. It is the third tallest hospital in the United States and the fifth tallest hospital in the world.

References

Hospitals in the United States
Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
Arnold Roth (born February 25, 1929) is an American freelance cartoonist and illustrator. He worked in advertisements, album covers, books, magazines, and newspapers. 

Novelist John Updike wrote, "All cartoonists are geniuses, but Arnold Roth is especially so".

References

Other websites

Reuben Award bio
Roth at the Society of Illustrators in Manhattan Retrieved March 2013

1929 births
Living people
American cartoonists
American illustrators
People from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Byron J. Langley (November 11, 1926 – January 13, 2018) was an American politician. He was born Warwick, North Dakota.

Langley was a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives serving as a Democrat. He represented the 12th district from 1973 to 1980. He also served in the North Dakota Senate from 1985 to 1996.  On April 21, 1993 the Fifty-third Legislative Assembly unanimously elected Langley to the office of the President Pro Tempore; which he held through 1994. 

Langley died on January 13, 2018 in Carrington, North Dakota of complications from Alzheimer's disease at the age of 91.

References

1926 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Politicians from North Dakota
US Democratic Party politicians
Javiera Margarita Odija Ubal Muñoz (28 May 1977 – 18 January 2018) was a Swedish singer. She was of Chilean-Spanish descent. She participated in Melodifestivalen twice, in 2000 with Varje timma, var minut, and in 2002 with No hay nada más. She was born in Motala, Sweden.

In 2003, she received a musical grant for promoting Latino Music in Sweden.

Muñoz died on 18 January 2018 in Gothenburg, Sweden at the age of 40.

References

1977 births
2018 deaths
Swedish singers
Pop singers
Latin singers
Dharmasena Pathiraja (28 March 1943 – 28 January 2018) was a Sri Lankan movie director, screenwriter and educator. He was born in Kandy, Sri Lanka. He was known for his movies Eya Dan Loku Lamayek (1975) and Bambaru Avith (1978).

Pathiraja started his academic career at the University of Kelaniya as an assistant lecturer. Later he worked as a lecturer in several Sri Lankan universities, including, University of Jaffna, University of Ruhuna and University of Colombo.

Pathiraja died in Kandy on 28 January 2018 from a respiratory tract infection at the age of 74.

References

Other websites
Sri Lanka Sinhala Films Database - Dharmasena Pathiraja

One League of Social Consciousness:Dharmasena Pathiraja Speaks 
Conversation with Sri Lankan Director Dharmasena Pathiraja 

1943 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory tract infection
Sri Lankan movie directors
Screenwriters
Educators
Goosebumps is a Canadian-American horror anthology television series based on R. L. Stine's best-selling Goosebumps book series. It ran from October 27, 1995 through November 16, 1998. Goosebumps originally began airing on YTV (in English) and Canal Famille (in French) in Canada and on Fox Kids in the United States.

From October 7, 2007 to September 7, 2009, Cartoon Network aired the episodes. From September 6, 2011 until September 1, 2014, The Hub broadcast the series.

The opening sequence starts with a man dressed in black carrying his briefcase up a hill. The name engraved on the briefcase reveals the mysterious man to be Goosebumps' author, R. L. Stine. Hour-long specials The Haunted Mask I & II, A Night In Terror Tower, The Werewolf of Fever Swamp, Welcome to Dead House and Night of the Living Dummy III don't use the opening sequence at all but instead have R.L. Stine introducing those episodes and also appearing at the end.

Other websites
  at Scholastic Press
 

1995 American television series debuts
Canadian children's television series
American horror television series
American children's television series
1998 television series endings
1995 establishments in Canada
1998 disestablishments in the United States
1990s disestablishments in Canada
English-language television programs
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (formerly Children's Memorial Hospital) located in Magnificent Mile in Streeterville, Chicago, Illinois is a pediatric specialty hospital. The hospital has more than 1,200 physicians on its medical staff and 4,000 employees. 

Based on volume, it is ranked #1 regionally in all pediatric specialties and is accredited by the Joint Commission (formerly known as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations). Physicians and staff provided highly specialized care for more than 148,000 children in 2011, from every U.S. state and 35 countries.

References

Hospitals in the United States
Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois