cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bergen-Belsen was a Nazi concentration camp during World War II.  An estimated 50,000 prisoners died there, as well as 20,000 Soviet prisoners of war (POWs).  Up to 35,000 of them died of typhus just before and after the camp was liberated (freed). 

The camp was liberated on 15 April 1945 by British soldiers.  Inside the camp, the British soldiers found 60,000 people, and 13,000 dead bodies lying on the ground, unburied. The scenes were horrific.  They were described by the BBC's Richard Dimbleby, who was with the British soldiers:

Photo gallery

References

20th-century establishments in Germany
Buildings and structures in Lower Saxony
Nazi concentration camps in Germany
1945 disestablishments in Germany
The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway was an electric tramway network linking the township of Grimsby and the then village of Immingham in Lincolnshire.
It is probably best described by the American term "Inter-Urban" as it links the places in its title by a reserved way rather than through the streets.

Lincolnshire
Tram transport in the United Kingdom
1923 establishments in England
1961 disestablishments
1960s disestablishments in England
Derby Tramway was tram system that serverd the city of Derby (then a town), England. It opened on 27 July 1904. It was closed nearly 30 years later, on the 29 June 1934.

Preserved trams
Tramcar n°1 is the only Derby tramcar preserved and is located at the National Tramway Museum in Crich, Derbyshire. This tram was used for crew training prior to the opening of the system.

Tram transport in the United Kingdom
Derby
1904 establishments in England
1934 disestablishments in Europe
1930s disestablishments in England
Ballan is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is a part of the Shire of Moorabool. Ballan is  north west of Melbourne, on the Werribee River. In 2006 there were 1808 people living in Ballan. The Western Freeway goes past the town.

History
The first people to live in the Ballan area were the Aborigines, the Wautharong people. The area was rich in animals with kangaroos, kangaroo rats, bandicoots, dingos, and two sorts of native cat. Many of these animals had gone by the end of the 1800s, with Europen settlement.

The first European settlers came from Tasmania, landing near Geelong, Victoria, and working their way up the Moorabool River with their sheep flocks. Robert Von Steiglitz first came to the area in 1838. He named it after Ballan in Ireland. Other early settler names included Covvie, Stead, Wallace and Egerton.

There were fights between the Wautharong people and white farmers during settlement. Robert Von Steiglitz said stated in his diary:
... it may be questioned by some feather-bed philanthropist whether we had the right to take the country from the blacks but I believe the general rule is that if people cultivate or graze the land they have a claim to it. These creatures did neither ...

Gold was found in the area in 1851. A lot of people came to look for gold. This was part of the Victorian Gold Rush. The Ballan Hotel dates from the gold rush period in 1851. The town was an important staging point for coaches going to the Ballarat goldfields. The Post Office opened in September 1853 although there were two earlier offices in the area named Ballan.

Ballan’s first primary school started on 8 January 1855.

The first Mechanics' Institute in Ballan was built in 1861. The current Mechanics' Institute built on land bought in 1881. The facade (front) of the building was taken down and rebuilt in 1922. The building houses the library for the town town and a hall.

St. Paul’s Presbyterian Church in Ballan was opened in July 1866.

On 15 November 2003 a Sprinter train going to Ballarat was derailed (came off the tracks) between Ballan and Gordon hurting  61 people when it crashed into a car on a country railway crossing.

Community
The town has an Australian Rules Football team playing in the Central Highlands Football League.
It also has two senior and three junior cricket teams in the Ballarat Cricket Association.

Festivals and attractions
 There is a Vintage Machinery and Vehicle Rally in February. It is well known for its Vintage Tractor Pull.
 An Autumn Festival is held in Ballan every year in late March.
 There is a mineral spring at Ballan.
 South of Ballan are the Brisbane Ranges National Park and the You Yangs Forest Park.

Other websites

 Ballan Online

References
George Stephenson (9 June 1781  12 August 1848) was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer. He built the first public railway line in the world to use steam locomotives. He is known as the "Father of Railways". George was born in Wylam, which is in Northumberland.

Stephenson's rail gauge of 4 feet 8½ inches (1,435 mm), sometimes called the "Stephenson gauge", is the standard gauge for most of the world's railways. He also invented a miner's safety lamp, which was widely used in the north of England.

Notes 

1781 births
1848 deaths
Deaths from pleurisy
Disease-related deaths in England
British engineers
English inventors
People from Northumberland
Rail transport in Great Britain
KVIrc is a multilanguage, graphical IRC client for Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS. The K in K Visual IRC was for a dependancy to KDE, which became optional from version 2.0.0.

Features 
KVIrc is able to connect to several servers at the same time (optional with SSL and/or IPv6). Unicode, ISO-8859-*-Codes, Asian and windows-native char sets are supported. A special feature is the smart encoding, which allows you to use 2 encodings at the same time; you can send unicode and read unicode and cp-1252 for example.

Additional to the mIRC-Codes for bold, underlined and colored fonts, KVIrc owns a graphical emoticon and avatar system. This feature can be turned off.

KVIrc has its own script language named KVS for extensions, addons and scripts.
Every channel, term and DCC Chat is encryptable with Blowfish or AES/Rijndael.

With split window mode, users can divide their channel window into 2, one for chat messages and one for "commands" like joins/parts/mode changes. The size of the windows is variable, so they can hide the command window.

The Socket spy feature helps developers and users to watch the raw communication between client and server to debug.

Development 
Official stable releases are not often made, but in SVN is mostly a stable version to use.

KVIrc 4.2.0 was released on July, 3rd 2012.

Related pages
List of IRC clients

Other websites
Official site 
Official forum 
Official Russian site 
Official Download FTP

IRC clients
Gatwick Express is the name of a fast train service that runs on the Brighton Main Line, a railway line between Victoria station in London and the city of Brighton and Hove in South East England, stopping at Gatwick Airport on the way. It is fast because it does not stop at any stations between London Victoria and Gatwick Airport.

A Gatwick Express train leaves London Victoria station every 15 minutes and takes 30 minutes to get to Gatwick Airport station. After arriving at Gatwick Airport, at least every other train on weekdays and Saturdays continues non-stop to Brighton railway station. At peak hours, every train continues to Brighton, but makes two stops between Gatwick and Brighton. On Sundays, all trains end at Gatwick Airport; there are no trains to and from Brighton.

Before June 2008, Gatwick Express was a train operating company (TOC) and was a franchise owned by Southern, another TOC that has trains on other routes. On 22 June 2008, the Gatwick Express TOC was closed. Now the Gatwick Express is directly operated by Southern, but it is still called Gatwick Express.

Trains
The Gatwick Express service has used many types of trains over the years. Most of them were designed just for the service.

Related pages
 Heathrow Express
 Stansted Express
 Airport rail link

West Sussex
Railway operators in London
Gatwick
Defunct railway companies of the United Kingdom
1996 establishments in England
2008 disestablishments in England
Freightliner Group Limited is a rail freight and logistics company, founded in 1995 and now operating in the United Kingdom and Poland. It is the second largest rail freight operator in the UK, after EWS. 

Transport in the United Kingdom
Poland
Motor Rail was a British locomotive-building company, based in Bedford. Formed in 1911 as The Motor Rail & Tramcar Co Ltd, they built petrol and diesel engined locomotives, mainly narrow gauge. During World War I over 900 locos were supplied for use on temporary military supply railways. The trade name Simplex was used from the early days; in 1972 the company was renamed Simplex Mechanical Handling Ltd.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Locomotive manufacturers
The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain. It existed from 1 January 1923 until nationalisation on 1 January 1948, when it was divided into the new British Railways' Eastern Region, North Eastern Region and partially the Scottish Region.

Other websites

LNER Encyclopedia

Rail transport in Great Britain
 
1923 establishments in the United Kingdom
1948 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Metropolitan-Vickers, Metrovick, or Metrovicks, was a British heavy electrical engineering company of the early-to-mid 20th century formerly known as British Westinghouse. Highly diversified, they were particularly well known for their industrial electrical equipment such as generators, steam turbines, switchgear, transformers, electronics and railway traction equipment. Metrovick holds a place in history as the builders of the first commercial transistor computer, the Metrovick 950, and the first British axial-flow jet engine, the Metrovick F.2. Their factory in Trafford Park, Manchester, was for most of the 20th century one of the biggest and most important heavy engineering facilities in Britain and the world.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Aircraft engines
Defunct companies of the United Kingdom
Manchester
Locomotive manufacturers
The British Rail Class 99 was a fleet of 14 ferries, mostly owned by Sealink, which carried rail vehicles between Britain and mainland Europe. When British Rail implemented the TOPS system for managing their operating stock, these ships were incorporated into the system in order to circumvent some of the restrictions of the application software. This allowed them to be counted as locomotives while carrying railway vehicles in the same way as a normal locomotive would haul a train.

British Rail
Watercraft
English Electric (EE) was a British industrial manufacturer. Founded in 1918, it initially specialised in industrial electric motors and transformers. Its activities would expand to include railway locomotives and traction equipment, steam turbines, consumer electronics, guided missiles, aircraft and computers.

English Electric Diesel Engines
English Electric Diesel Engines was the diesel engine division of English Electric.  It built diesel engines under the names English Electric, Napier and Dorman.

References 

Aircraft companies
Rail vehicles manufacturers
Companies of England
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
1918 establishments in Europe
Locomotive manufacturers
The Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company (BRC&W) was a railway locomotive and carriage builder, founded in Birmingham, England. For most of its existence, it was at nearby Smethwick, with the factory divided by the boundary between the two places. The company was established in 1854.

References

Birmingham
Rail vehicles manufacturers
Locomotive manufacturers
Brush Traction is a manufacturer and maintainer of railway locomotives, based at Loughborough in Leicestershire, United Kingdom alongside the Midland Main Line.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Leicestershire
Locomotive manufacturers
The Yorkshire Engine Company (YEC) was a small independent locomotive manufacturer in Sheffield, England. The company was formed in 1865 and continued to produce locomotives and carry out general engineering work until 1965. Mainly known for shunting engines for the British market, but also built main line engines for overseas customers.

Rail vehicles manufacturers
Companies of England
 
Locomotive manufacturers
Ephesus (; ) was an ancient Greek city on the west coast of Anatolia, now in Turkey.  It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League.  The Apostle Paul is said to have addressed an epistle to the Christians of the city., and it is now known as the Epistle to the Ephesians in the New Testament.  The site still possesses many well preserved Roman ruins side by side with rich history.  

Most significant are the odeon, used as a concert hall and city council with the capacity of 1.500 people, Temple of Hadrian dating back to the second century where one of the best sculpture craftsmanship can be seen, Curettes Street hosting many monuments and countless colums on the sides of its marble paved ground, a fountain dedicated to Emperor Trajan where a part of a remaining statue shows us that Romans knew the round shape of the world in the first century AD, and latrines (toilets) where it can be seen how they cared about public sanity. 

Two other of Ephesus's outstanding monuments hold importance not just for their home city also for world's cultural and architectural heritage.  The first one is the library of Celsus which is located at the end of the Curettes Street.  The library looks like a two storeyed building seen from the facade but as we know it former had three stories inside.  The facade shows a rare found craftsmanship. Also the library was the third biggest library of the ancient world, after the libraries of Alexandria and Pergamon.  Anyone who stands in front of this monumental building can understand why did it take twenty years (115 AD to 135 AD) to complete it. 

The second one is Ephesus' grand theatre which had the capacity of 25.000 spectators. It was not just a place of art also as we know it was used for animal and gladiator fights.  With its great dimensions it makes one think about how small my moment in time really is.  It's one of the sacred ruins of Ephesus, according to the Acts of the Apostles (19:23-41), the theater was the site of the "riot of the silversmiths" in which those who made silver figures of Artemis the pagan godess of the city rioted because Paul's preaching was bad for business.  In the 1st century AD, the Apostle Paul spent over three years in Ephesus and he sermonized many times, disapproving pagan worship, in this theater.

Related pages 
 Temple of Artemis

Other websites 

 All you need on Ephesus, Article shown above about Ephesus Ancient City in Turkey and general information.

Ancient Rome
Yeh (Ј, ј) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, used in the Serbian, Macedonian, Azeri, and Altai languages.

In Serbian, Macedonian and Azeri this letter sounds like [y]. Since the letters Я (ya), Є (yeh), Ё (yo), Ї (yee) and Ю (yu) are not used in those languages, they are written as Ja, Je, Jo, Jи and Jy.

It is also used in the Altai language to show [ʤ] or [j].

In Russian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, Й is used instead of Ј.

Related pages
J
Bredevoort is a small village in the municipality of Aalten, in the region of Achterhoek in the Netherlands.  It is between the towns of Aalten and Winterswijk. About 1,600 people live there.

Today they name Bredevoort also Bredevoort boekenstad (Bredevoort book town).  There are now more than twenty second-hand book shops in the town.

History
The name Bredevoort appears for the first time in 1188, when the earl of Steinfurt tried to sell his share of the castle to the bishop of Münster and the earl of Lohn tried to sell his share to the earl of Gelderland, a war broke out between the bishop and the earl of Gelderland. The fight lasted for almost two centuries. From 1326, Bredevoort was actual part of Gelderland. Between 1326 and 1696 the municipality of Bredevoort repeatedly changed ownership during the eighties years of war. In 1646, lightning hit the gunpowder tower of the castle of Bredevoort, causing an explosion that destroyed the castle and the town, killing Lord Haersolte of Bredevoort and his family, as well as others. Only one son, Anthonie, who was not home that day, survived. The former municipality of Bredevoort was comprised of the city, the castle Bredevoort, and the villages Aalten, Dinxperlo and Winterswijk. After centuries of war, its fortifications were demolished by its residents. In 1818, the municipality of Bredevoort was dissolved to become part of the city Bredevoort under the newly formed municipality Aalten.

Sights

 St. Joriskerk, Gothic Church with rococo chair from 1672
 Windmillmolen 'De Prins van Oranje'
 Historic centre
 19th century theehouse at the town ditch
 remains from the 17th century city gate

Gallery

Other websites

 Official website of Bredevoort
 Bredevoort booktown
 windmill Prins van Oranje
 Gondola festival in Bredevoort 
 Heerlijkheid Bredevoort, with historic items
 Reconstructions old Bredevoort 

19th-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Settlements in Gelderland
Former municipalities of Gelderland
Aalten
Plzeň (Czech/German: ) is the fourth largest city in the Czech Republic. About 165,238 people live there. It is in the west of the historical region Bohemia. Famous beer is made there.

Cities in the Czech Republic
The Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine ( or ,  or ) was a territory created by the German Empire in 1871 after its victory in the Franco-Prussian War. It was made up of almost all of the French region of Alsace and about a quarter of Lorraine, hence its name. France took it back in 1918 and it became part of that country as a result of Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Nazi Germany de facto took it back in 1940 but France took it back in 1945.

The territory has been part of France since then. In 2016 it became part of the Region of Grand Est.

Other websites

 http://www.geocities.com/bfel/geschichte5b.html (Archived 2009-10-25) 
 http://www.elsass-lothringen.de/ 
 https://web.archive.org/web/20090730200508/http://geocities.com/CapitolHill/Rotunda/2209/Alsace_Lorraine.html
 France, Germany and the Struggle for the War-making Natural Resources of the Rhineland
 Elsass-Lothringen video 
 Annuary of Cultur and Artists from Elsass-Lothringen 

Former countries in Europe
1871 establishments in Europe
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Hasegawa was educated at and played for Shimizu Higashi High School. He won the national high school championship with his teammates including Katsumi Oenoki and Takumi Horiike. He continued his study and football at University of Tsukuba where he won the Kanto University League title in 1987.

After graduating from the university in 1988, he joined Japan Soccer League side Nissan Motors. He contributed to the club winning the Emperor's Cup twice in 1988 and 1989. When Japan's first-ever professional league J1 League started, Shimizu S-Pulse was founded in his local city. He joined the club in 1992 and re-united with his high school teammates Oenoki and Horiike. He helped the club to win the J.League Cup in 1996. He retired as a Shimizu player after the club won the second stage of the J1 League 1999 season. He played 207 league matches and scored 45 league goals in 7 seasons at Shimizu.

Hasegawa was capped 27 times and scored 4 goals for the Japanese national team between 1989 and 1995. His first international appearance came on January 20, 1989 in a friendly against Iran in Teheran. He was a member of the Japan squad who participated in the 1994 World Cup qualification. In the crucial last match, Hasegawa was substituted in the 59th minute by Masahiro Fukuda and watched from the bench a late Iraqi equaliser dashed Japan's hope to qualify for the finals in the US, the match that the Japanese fans now refer to as the "Agony of Doha" (ドーハの悲劇).

In 2005, Hasegawa became a manager for Shimizu S-Pulse. The club won the 2nd place at 2005, 2010 Emperor's Cup and 2008 J.League Cup. He resigned end of 2010 season. In 2013, he signed with J2 League club Gamba Osaka which was relegated to J2 from 2013. The club won the champions in 2013 and was relegated to J1 League. In 2014, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. The club also won the champions 2015 Emperor's Cup. In 2018, he moved to FC Tokyo. In 2019, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League. In 2020, the club won the champions Emperor's Cup.

Statistics

|-
|1988/89||rowspan="3"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1||18||4||||||5||0||23||4
|-
|1989/90||11||5||||||3||0||14||5
|-
|1990/91||4||0||||||4||0||8||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="8"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="8"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||3||0||10||2||13||2
|-
|1993||36||10||4||1||1||0||41||11
|-
|1994||44||9||1||1||1||0||46||10
|-
|1995||21||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||21||3
|-
|1996||24||7||3||2||16||7||43||16
|-
|1997||30||5||1||0||6||2||37||7
|-
|1998||31||9||5||2||5||0||41||11
|-
|1999||21||2||2||1||2||1||25||3
240||54||19||7||53||12||312||73
240||54||19||7||53||12||312||73
|}

|-
|1989||11||2
|-
|1990||6||1
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||0||0
|-
|1993||5||0
|-
|1994||2||0
|-
|1995||3||1
|-
!Total||27||4
|}

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
1995 King Fahd Cup players
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Sawanobori was born in Fujinomiya on January 12, 1970. After graduating from Tokai University, he joined new club Shimizu S-Pulse based in his local Shizuoka Prefecture in 1992. He played as regular player from first season. He was selected "J.League Rookie of the Year" in 1993. In 1996, the club won J.League Cup. In 1999, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League and he was selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year awards". In Asia, the club also won 1999–00 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. In 2001, the club won Emperor's Cup. He retired in 2005. He played 381 games and scored 85 goals in the league.

In April 1993, Sawanobori was selected the Japan national team for 1994 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on April 8, he debuted against Thailand. In 1994, he also played at 1994 Asian Games. In September 1999, he played for Japan for the first time in 5 years. In 2000, he played at 2000 Asian Cup qualification. This qualification was his last game for Japan. He played 16 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 2000.

Statistics

|-
|1992||rowspan="14"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="14"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||3||0||10||1||colspan="2"|-||13||1
|-
|1993||35||7||4||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||40||9
|-
|1994||41||7||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||43||7
|-
|1995||40||13||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||41||13
|-
|1996||29||9||3||0||16||3||colspan="2"|-||48||12
|-
|1997||31||11||3||1||6||0||colspan="2"|-||40||12
|-
|1998||32||10||5||3||4||2||colspan="2"|-||41||15
|-
|1999||28||9||3||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||35||10
|-
|2000||27||3||5||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||36||4
|-
|2001||26||9||5||2||2||1||colspan="2"|-||33||12
|-
|2002||29||3||3||2||7||3||colspan="2"|-||39||8
|-
|2003||14||2||4||0||2||0||1||1||21||3
|-
|2004||24||1||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||30||1
|-
|2005||25||1||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
381||85||41||10||57||11||1||1||480||107
381||85||41||10||57||11||1||1||480||107
|}

|-
|1993||5||1
|-
|1994||6||1
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||4||1
|-
!Total||16||3
|}

References

Other websites

1970 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
Stephen Makinwa (born 26 July 1983) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Lazio.

Club career statistics 

|-
|2000/01||Conegliano||||8||2
|-
|2001/02||Como||Serie B||0||0
|-
|2002/03||Reggiana||Serie C1||28||6
|-
|2003/04||Como||Serie B||21||6
|-
|2003/04||Modena||Serie A||16||1
|-
|2004/05||Genoa||Serie B||18||6
|-
|2004/05||Atalanta||Serie A||17||6
|-
|2005/06||Città di Palermo||Serie A||23||5
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Lazio||rowspan="2"|Serie A||25||3
|-
|2007/08||14||0
|-
|2007/08||Reggina||Serie A||9||0
|-
|2008/09||Lazio||Serie A||4||0
|-
|2008/09||ChievoVerona||Serie A||9||1
|-
|2009/10||Lazio||Serie A||||
192||35
192||35
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|2004||1||1
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||3||0
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
|2008||3||0
|-
!Total||16||1
|}

References 

1983 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
People from Lagos
Obafemi Martins (born 28 October 1984) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Seattle Sounders FC and Nigeria national team.

Career statistics

International career statistics

Related pages 
 List of Nigerians

References

1984 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
People from Lagos
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway and the London and North Eastern Railway both developed a system of identifying carriages by means of alphabetic codes. When British Railways was formed in 1948, it decided to adopt the former LNER method of carriage classification.

Basic principles
The codes are made up from a combination of letters, some of which can indicate more than one word; their meaning can only be determined according to their position, or the presence of other letters, in the code. The letters used are:

These letters (except for Y and Z) did not usually apply to the wide variety of passenger-rated but goods carrying vans (e.g. parcels vans, horse boxes, milk and fish vans). Their codes were an acronym of their traditional railway description, e.g. GUV for General Utility Vans.

List of codes used
The following list lists those codes that were actually used on British Railways, cross-referred to the comparable code used by the LMS, with the exception that the letter S ("Second", later "Standard") is used where until 1956 the letter T ("Third") is used.  Suffix codes Y or Z are not shown, as these could apply to variants of any or all vehicle types.

In the original LNER coding system, S stood for "Second", an intermediate class between First and Third (which later became Second).  The original Second was more or less abolished in the 1870s (as a result of the Railway Regulation Act 1844), remaining only in limited use for special services, such as those meeting ships (which retained the three-class system from which railway classifications had originated).  In the 1980s, BR renamed Second to Standard.  Many of the classifications listed below are no longer used, and some did not survive until the designation "Standard".

Note that in modern usage, composite semi-open vehicles are classified Cso – the s signifying that the Standard portion is open (implying that the First portion is compartments with corridor).

 See also: British Carriage and Wagon Numbering and Classification

British Rail
 British Rail coach designations
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Kikuhara was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on July 7, 1969. He joined Yomiuri (later Verdy Kawasaki) from youth team in 1985. In February 1986, when he was 16 years old, he debuted in Japan Soccer League. The club won league champions 3 times, JSL Cup 2 times and Emperor's Cup 2 times. In Asia, the club also won 1987 Asian Club Championship. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. The club won 1993 J1 League, 1992 and 1993 J.League Cup. However his opportunity to play decreased. So he moved to Urawa Reds in 1994. He returned to Verdy Kawasaki in 1996 and retired end of the season.

On July 29, 1990, Kikuhara debuted for the Japan national team against China. He also played at 1990 Asian Games. He played 5 games for Japan in 1990.

Statistics

|-
|1985/86||rowspan=7|Yomiuri||rowspan=7|JSL Division 1||7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|1986/87||0||0||1||0||1||0||2||0
|-
|1987/88||8||3||1||0||0||0||9||3
|-
|1988/89||18||3||2||0||3||1||23||4
|-
|1989/90||21||3||4||1||4||1||29||5
|-
|1990/91||19||3||2||0||2||0||23||3
|-
|1991/92||16||1||2||0||4||0||22||1
|-
|1992||rowspan=2|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan=2|J1 League||colspan=2|-||2||0||8||1||10||1
|-
|1993||6||0||2||0||6||0||14||0
|-
|1994||rowspan=2|Urawa Reds||rowspan=2|J1 League||8||0||3||0||0||0||11||0
|-
|1995||1||0||0||0||colspan=2|-||1||0
|-
|1996||Verdy Kawasaki||J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
104||13||19||1||28||3||151||17
104||13||19||1||28||3||151||17
|}

|-
|1990||5||0
|-
!Total||5||0
|}

References

Other websites

1969 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Tokyo Verdy players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Cha Bum-Kun (; born 22 May 1953) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1978/79||Darmstadt||Bundesliga||1||0
|-
|1979/80||rowspan="4"|Eintracht Frankfurt||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||31||12
|-
|1980/81||27||8
|-
|1981/82||31||11
|-
|1982/83||33||15
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="6"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="6"|Bundesliga||34||12
|-
|1984/85||29||10
|-
|1985/86||34||17
|-
|1986/87||33||6
|-
|1987/88||25||4
|-
|1988/89||30||3
308||98
308||98
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1972||21||7
|-
|1973||17||7
|-
|1974||13||2
|-
|1975||15||9
|-
|1976||14||11
|-
|1977||24||14
|-
|1978||14||5
|-
|1979||0||0
|-
|1980||0||0
|-
|1981||0||0
|-
|1982||0||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||0||0
|-
|1985||0||0
|-
|1986||3||0
|-
!Total||121||55
|}

References

Other websites
 "Bum-Kun Cha, Century of International Appearances" at Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF)

1953 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
South Korean football managers
Parry People Movers (PPM) is a British company manufacturing lightweight railbuses that use Flywheel energy storage (FES) to store energy for traction.

Companies of the United Kingdom
Rail vehicles manufacturers
The Southern Railway created classification and numbering systems for its large fleet of electric multiple units that were perpetuated by the Southern Region of British Rail until the early 1980s, when the impact of TOPS was felt. Even now, some stock have still been allocated Southern-style classifications in a semi-official manner.

Related pages

Rail transport
Virgin Trains was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. They ran trains from London Euston to the North West, West Midlands and Scotland on the West Coast Main Line and trains on the East Coast Main Coast Mainline between London, Yorkshire, the North East and Scotland.  Before 11 November 2007, they also run trains linking the south and south-west of England with the north of England through Manchester and Scotland, through Birmingham, under the CrossCountry franchise. Although it is branded as part of Virgin Group, Virgin's share in the company is only 51%, with the remaining 49% owned by Stagecoach. Virgin's share in Virgin Trains East Coast is only 10% with 90% being owned by Stagecoach, although the company is also branded under the Virgin name. The East Coast franchise was transferred to London North Eastern Railway in 2019, and the West Coast franchise to Avanti West Coast.

New trains

Their first trains, formerly owned by British Rail, were very old and broke down, but were replaced by new carriages in 2002 on the West Coast and CrossCountry lines. New trains were built for their East Coast operations.

Gallery

Related pages
Megatrain
National Rail

References

Other websites
Department for Transport 
Virgin Trains 

 
 

 
|-

|- 

Train operating companies
Virgin Group
CrossCountry is a train operating company, the brand name of XC Trains Limited owned by Arriva, that has operated Great Britain’s Cross Country rail franchise since 11 November 2007. The franchise was formed through the amalgamation of most of the former Cross Country franchise previously held by Virgin Trains (which consisted of inter-city services that do not terminate in London) with some of the longer-distance routes (including some former Central Citylink services) operated by the former Central Trains.

References

|-

2007 establishments in the United Kingdom
Train operating companies
East Midlands Trains (EMT) was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. It was based in Derby and provided train services in the East Midlands and surrounding areas, mainly in the counties of South Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Derbyshire, Northamptonshire and Lincolnshire.
 
East Midlands Trains started running the East Midlands franchise in November 2007. It took over the train operating companies Midland Mainline, which operated inter-city services from London to Yorkshire, and the eastern side of Central Trains.

In 2019, the East Midlands franchise was given to a new company, East Midlands Railway, owned by Abellio. The new company took over operations in August 2019.

References

Train operating companies
2007 establishments in England
Railway companies of the United Kingdom
First Great Western, is a British train operating company owned by FirstGroup, which has services in the west and south west of England and South Wales. It also runs the Night Riviera overnight train between London and Penzance.

Near the end of January 2010, First Great Western said that  an £8,000,000 refresh programme to their fleet of Class 166 Turbo DMU trains would happen. In February 2021, GWR announced to purchase Class 319 “FLEX” units to replace the 158, 387, 165 and 166.

History 
The company began operating on 4 February 1996 as Great Western Trains, as part of the privatisation of British Rail, and in December 1998 became First Great Western after FirstGroup bought the company. On 1 April 2006, First Great Western Link and Wessex Trains were combined into First Great Western. On 20 September 2015, FirstGroup started to operate an extended franchise that is due to run until 30 March 2019.</p>

Train services
First Great Western runs most passenger train services on the Great Western main line.

Rolling stock
119 Class 43 for 52 High Speed Train and 1 Castle set
4   British Rail Class 57 diesel locomotives
8   British Rail Class 143 Pacer sets
19  British Rail Class 150 Sprinter sets
12  British Rail Class 153 Super-Sprinter sets
16  British Rail Class 158 Express Sprinter sets
36  British Rail Class 165 Network Turbo sets
21  British Rail Class 166 Network Express Turbo
45  British Rail Class 387 Electrostar sets
57  British Rail Class 800 "InterCity Express Trains" sets

Related pages
Great Western Railway

References

 
 
 
 
 

|-

|-

First Group railway companies
Train operating companies
1996 establishments in England
Pardubice is a city in the Czech Republic. About 89.245 people live there. It is in the east of the historical region Bohemia. Dominik Hašek, a famous ice hockey goaltender, was born there.

Cities in the Czech Republic
Grand Central Railway Company Ltd is a privately-owned train operating company running services under the name Grand Central within the United Kingdom.

Open-access train operating companies
Train operating companies
National Express East Anglia was a train operating company and brand name of London Eastern Railway Ltd in the United Kingdom. It is part of the National Express Group and was branded as ‘one’ from 1 April 2004 to 26 February 2008. It provides local, suburban and express services from Liverpool Street station in the City of London to destinations in the railway franchise known as the Greater Anglia network, stretching from north and east Greater London to Essex, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Suffolk and Norfolk in East Anglia.

References 

Railway operators in London
Train operating companies
National Express East Coast was the name under which the train operating company NXEC Trains Ltd operated the InterCity East Coast rail franchise, which includes services in England and Scotland along the East Coast Main Line. NXEC Trains Ltd was a subsidiary of National Express Group. National Express took over the franchise from the Great North Eastern Railway (GNER).

In 2009, the company obtained significant losses and decided to bail on the franchise, leaving the government to directly operate the railway under the brand East Coast, and the government in turn decided to terminate National Express's other franchise National Express East Anglia 3 years early. 6 years on, National Express only operates one franchise, from the nine in operated in 2003. It remains to date only the second time an operator has defaulted on its franchise.

References 

Railway companies of the United Kingdom
2007 establishments in the United Kingdom
Train operating companies
Wrexham & Shropshire (WSMR) was the operating name of the Wrexham, Shropshire and Marylebone Railway Company, a former train operating company in the United Kingdom. The company had a seven-year agreement to operate passenger train services from Wrexham via Shropshire to London on an open-access basis. Wrexham & Shropshire began services on 28 April 2008. The service finished on 28 January 2011.

References

Other websites

Wrexham & Shropshire official website 
WSMR revised track access application  on the ORR website
Suzanne Roberts Train service could bring boost  Shropshire Star, 8 January 2007
Direct London train for Wrexham BBC News, 1 February 2006
New rail link between Shropshire and London BBC Shropshire, 8 December 2006
Laing Rail 
Renaissance Trains

Shropshire
West Midlands (region)
Oxfordshire
Open-access train operating companies
2008 establishments in the United Kingdom
Defunct railway companies of the United Kingdom
2011 disestablishments in Europe
2010s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Paddington railway station, also known as London Paddington, is the main National Rail and London Underground station in northwest central London.

The site is old. It has been as the London end of the Great Western Railway and its successors since 1838. Much of the current mainline station dates from 1854, and was made by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The site was first served by Underground trains in 1863, and was the first western end-point of the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground railway.

The station now has an extra job as the London end point for the Heathrow Express airport service. Paddington is in Travelcard Zone 1.

Services

Rail
The fast services are run by First Great Western. The main stations for the services are shown below:

There are also trains to Slough, Ealing, Heathrow Airport and Maidenhead.

One train from Paddington goes to Heathrow Airport that being the Heathrow Express which travels to Heathrow airport and doesn't stop at any stations along the way.

Underground
Below are the lines and main stations on the line:

Bakerloo line services:
Edgware Road
Oxford Circus
Charings Cross
Waterloo
Wembley

Circle line services:
Kings Cross 
Liverpool street
Blackfrias
Victoria
Westminster

District line services:
Earls Court
Notting Hill Gate

National Rail
The National Rail part is named London Paddington, a name used outside London, but not by many people who live there. Parts of the station, like the main train shed, were built in 1854 by Isambard Kingdom Brunel as the London end point for the Great Western Railway (GWR). Today, it is one of 18 UK railway stations looked after by Network Rail.

Paddington has 14 end platforms, numbered 1 to 14. Platforms 1 to 8 are below the oldest three parts of Brunel's 1854 train shed, and platforms 9 to 12 are below the fourth part. Platforms 13 and 14 are within the Metropolitan Railway's old Bishop's Road station to the north-west. There are two through platforms, 15 and 16, used by the London Underground's Hammersmith & City and Circle lines.

References 

Bakerloo line stations
Circle line stations
District line stations
Hammersmith & City line stations
Railway stations in London
Rail transport stations in London fare zone 1
Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
Transport in the City of Westminster
Tube stations in the City of Westminster
Paddington
The British Rail Class 950 is a diesel multiple unit that was purpose-built for departmental use as a track assessment unit. It was built in 1987 using the same bodyshell as the Class 150/1 "Sprinter" units that were built from 1985-1986.

950
Non-passenger multiple units
Bear Behaving Badly is a children's comedy television programme. It is shown at 17:45 on Thursday evenings. It stars Barney Harewood and Nev the Bear both from the "ex" CBBC programme SMILE. It is produced by Darrall Macqueen Limited for CBBC.

The programme also includes characters such as Allyson Brown as Beatrice (Beetroot, as Nev calls her), Glen Davis as Mr. Andy Prank (Mr. Angry-pants, as Nev calls him), and Beverly Hills as Postie. The puppets are Nev The Bear (Ross Mullan) and Crazy Keith (Simon Buckley)

Characters 

Barney Harewood
Nev (Nevvy to Crazy Keith).
Crazy Keith
Postie
Beatrice (Beetroot to Nev).
Mr. Andy Prank (Mr Angry Pants to Nev); the villain of the show

New characters 

Aunt - Barbara is a new character for series 2.
Niece - Melanie is a new character for series 2.
Dorris - Crazy Keith's girlfriend in series 2.

Recurring characters 

Uncle Rupert - Barney's uncle. He is the owner of the block of flats.
Good and Bad Ducks - two ducks. They are sometimes seen with a halo and horns respectively. They act as Nev's good and bad sides and sometimes agree on what to do.
PC Morse - a policeman in the area of Blackpool. He does not seem to like Mr. Prank.

Children's television series
BBC Television programmes
2007 television series debuts
English-language television programs
Euston station is a major railway station and London Underground station in north central London, in the London Borough of Camden. It is the seventh busiest rail terminal in London (by entries and exits). It is one of 18 British railway stations managed by Network Rail, and is the southern terminus of the West Coast Main Line. Euston is the main rail gateway for Virgin services to/from the West Midlands, the North West, North Wales and Scotland. It is also a rail gateway for London Midland services to/from Greater London, West Midlands and the North West.

It is connected to Euston tube station and near Euston Square tube station of the London Underground. These stations are in Travelcard Zone 1. There is also a bus station on the precinct.

London Underground 

Euston station is directly connected to, and above, Euston tube station, which is served by the Victoria Line and Northern Line (both Bank and Charing Cross branches) of the London Underground.

Euston Square tube station on the Circle Line, Hammersmith & City Line and Metropolitan Line is a three-minute walk from the station along Euston Road.

References 

Railway stations in London
Transport in the London Borough of Camden
London Travelcard zone 1
Virgin Group Ltd is a branded venture capital organization founded by British business tycoon Sir Richard Branson. The core business areas are travel, entertainment and lifestyle, among others. Virgin Group's date of incorporation is listed as 1989 by Companies House, who class it as a holding company; however Virgin's business and trading activities date to 1970. The net worth of Virgin Group LTD as of September 2008 is £5,010,000,000.

References 

1970 establishments in England
 
London
Stagecoach Group plc () is a leading international transport group operating buses, trains, trams, express coaches and ferries. The group was founded in 1980 by the current chairman, Brian Souter, his sister, Ann Gloag, and her former husband Robin. The group is based in Perth, Scotland, and has operations in the United Kingdom and North America.

References

Other websites 

 Stagecoach Group official site

Public transport in the United Kingdom
Courland Governorate was one of provinces or governorates of the Russian Empire. It was formed in 1795 during the Third Partition out of territory of Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.

North of the governorate were the Gulf of Riga, the Baltic Sea and the Governorate of Livonia. West of it was the Baltic Sea. South of it were the Vilna Governorate and Prussia. East of it were the Vitbesk Governorate and the Minsk Governorate.

The governorate ended in 1915 when the German Empire conquered it. Russia surrendered the governorate during the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on March 3, 1918.

History of Russia
1795 establishments
1915 disestablishments
18th-century establishments in Russia
Disestablishments in the Soviet Union
She's Hearing Voices is a song by Bloc Party. It was first released on their 2004 single Banquet. It was later released on 7" records by London-based indie label "Trash Aesthetics" in February 2004. "She's Hearing Voices" was later re-recorded for the Bloc Party's debut album Silent Alarm in 2005, while "The Marshals Are Dead" was re-recorded and released on the 7" and DVD single versions of "So Here We Are".

Track Listing

7" Single

 "She's Hearing Voices" 
 "The Marshals Are Dead" 
 "The Answer"

2004 songs
Bloc Party songs
Edward Cave, ( February 27 1691 – January 10 1754), was an English printer, editor and publisher. In The Gentleman's Magazine he made the first general-interest "magazine". 

The son of a cobbler, Cave was born in Newton near Rugby, Warwickshire and attended the grammar school there. Cave was made to leave after it was said he stole from the headmaster. He worked at a number of different jobs, such as selling timber, writing and printing. He came up with the idea of a periodical that would cover every subject the educated public was interested in, from commerce to poetry. He tried to get some London printers and booksellers to take up the idea. When no one showed any interest, Cave took on the job by himself. The Gentleman's Magazine was started in 1731 and soon became the most important and most copied periodical of its time. It also made Cave very rich.

Cave was a smart businessman. He gave all his energy to the magazine, and hardly ever left its offices at St John's Gate, Clerkenwell. He made use of a lot of writers, the most famous was Samuel Johnson, who was always thankful to Cave for having given him his main job for many years. Cave himself often sent in items to the Magazine under the pen name of Sylvanus Urban.  

He also got permission from Lewis Paul for 250 spindles for his patent roller-spinning machine, an early model of the water frame. In 1742 he bought Marvels Mill at Northampton and made this into a cotton mill. This was probably the first water-powered spinning mill in the world. This should have made a lot of money, but it did not. It closed about 1761.  

Cave suffered from gout. He is buried at St. James Church, Clerkenwell.

Other websites
 Online page images of Gentlemen's Magazine the first twenty volumes, from v1 1731 through v20 1750
 Daily Life in Georgian England as Reported in the Gentleman's Magazine  

Cave, Edward
Cave, Edward
Flagstaff is a city in the northern part of Arizona in the United States. It is the county seat of Coconino County.  About 58,200 people were living in Flagstaff in 2006. Flagstaff has an area of 63.6 square miles. It has a humid continental climate (Dfb in the Koeppen climate classification).

Sister cities 
  - Barnaul (Russia)
  - City of Blue Mountains (Australia)
  - Hsin Tien City (Taiwan)
  - Manzanillo (Mexico)

Other websites 
Official City Government Website

References 

 
County seats in Arizona
1876 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Arizona Territory