cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The arrondissement of Bonneville is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Haute-Savoie département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Bonneville.

History
When the Haute-Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Bonneville was part of that original department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Bonneville is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains, to the east by Switzerland, to the southeast by Italy, to the south by the Savoie department, to the southwest by the arrondissement of Annecy and to the west by the arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois.

It is the most eastern arrondissement of the department and is the largest arrondissement with an area of , and the second in population, with 184,093 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Bonneville, there are 7 cantons:

 Bonneville (7405) (partly)
 Cluses (7406)
 Évian-les-Bains (7407) (partly)
 Faverges (7408) (partly)
 Le Mont-Blanc (7410)
 La Roche-sur-Foron (7411) (partly)
 Sallanches (7414)

Communes
The arrondissement of Bonneville has 61 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Amancy (74007)
 Arenthon (74018)
 Arâches-la-Frasse (74014)
 Ayse (74024)
 Bonneville (74042)
 Brizon (74049)
 Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (74056)
 Châtillon-sur-Cluses (74064)
 Cluses (74081)
 Combloux (74083)
 Contamine-sur-Arve (74087)
 Cordon (74089)
 Cornier (74090)
 Demi-Quartier (74099)
 Domancy (74103)
 Entremont (74110)
 Etaux (74116)
 Faucigny (74122)
 La Chapelle-Rambaud (74059)
 La Côte-d'Arbroz (74091)
 La Rivière-Enverse (74223)
 La Roche-sur-Foron (74224)
 La Tour (74284)
 Le Petit-Bornand-les-Glières (74212)
 Le Reposoir (74221)
 Les Contamines-Montjoie (74085)
 Les Gets (74134)
 Les Houches (74143)
 Magland (74159)
 Marcellaz (74162)
 Marignier (74164)
 Marnaz (74169)
 Megève (74173)
 Mieussy (74183)
 Mont-Saxonnex (74189)
 Morillon (74190)
 Mégevette (74174)
 Nancy-sur-Cluses (74196)
 Onnion (74205)
 Passy (74208)
 Peillonnex (74209)
 Praz-sur-Arly (74215)
 Saint-Gervais-les-Bains (74236)
 Saint-Jean-de-Tholome (74240)
 Saint-Jeoire (74241)
 Saint-Laurent (74244)
 Saint-Pierre-en-Faucigny (74250)
 Saint-Sigismond (74252)
 Saint-Sixt (74253)
 Sallanches (74256)
 Samoëns (74258)
 Scionzier (74264)
 Servoz (74266)
 Sixt-Fer-à-Cheval (74273)
 Taninges (74276)
 Thyez (74278)
 Vallorcine (74290)
 Verchaix (74294)
 Ville-en-Sallaz (74304)
 Viuz-en-Sallaz (74311)
 Vougy (74312)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Haute-Savoie department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Bonneville
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
The arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Haute-Savoie département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois.

History
When the Haute-Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois was part of that original department.

On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Saint-Julien was eliminated but became again an arrondissement in 1933.

Geography
The arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois is bordered to the north by Switzerland, to the northeast by the arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains, to the east by the arrondissement of Bonneville, to the south by the arrondissement of Annecy and to the west by the Ain department.

It is in the northwest of the department and is the smallest arrondissement with an area of . It has a population of 180,562 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, there are 5 cantons:

 Annemasse (7404)
 Bonneville (7405) (partly)
 Gaillard (7409)
 La Roche-sur-Foron (7411) (partly)
 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois (7413)

Communes
The arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois has 72 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Allonzier-la-Caille (74006)
 Ambilly (74008)
 Andilly (74009)
 Annemasse (74012)
 Arbusigny (74015)
 Archamps (74016)
 Arthaz-Pont-Notre-Dame (74021)
 Bassy (74029)
 Beaumont (74031)
 Bonne (74040)
 Bossey (74044)
 Cercier (74051)
 Cernex (74052)
 Challonges (74055)
 Chaumont (74065)
 Chavannaz (74066)
 Chessenaz (74071)
 Chevrier (74074)
 Chilly (74075)
 Chêne-en-Semine (74068)
 Chênex (74069)
 Clarafond-Arcine (74077)
 Clermont (74078)
 Collonges-sous-Salève (74082)
 Contamine-Sarzin (74086)
 Copponex (74088)
 Cranves-Sales (74094)
 Cruseilles (74096)
 Desingy (74100)
 Dingy-en-Vuache (74101)
 Droisy (74107)
 Feigères (74124)
 Fillinges (74128)
 Franclens (74130)
 Frangy (74131)
 Gaillard (74133)
 Jonzier-Épagny (74144)
 Juvigny (74145)
 La Muraz (74193)
 Le Sappey (74259)
 Lucinges (74153)
 Machilly (74158)
 Marlioz (74168)
 Menthonnex-en-Bornes (74177)
 Menthonnex-sous-Clermont (74178)
 Minzier (74184)
 Monnetier-Mornex (74185)
 Musièges (74195)
 Nangy (74197)
 Neydens (74201)
 Pers-Jussy (74211)
 Présilly (74216)
 Reignier-Esery (74220)
 Saint-Blaise (74228)
 Saint-Cergues (74229)
 Saint-Germain-sur-Rhône (74235)
 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois (74243)
 Savigny (74260)
 Scientrier (74262)
 Seyssel (74269)
 Usinens (74285)
 Valleiry (74288)
 Vanzy (74291)
 Vers (74296)
 Ville-la-Grand (74305)
 Villy-le-Bouveret (74306)
 Viry (74309)
 Vovray-en-Bornes (74313)
 Vulbens (74314)
 Vétraz-Monthoux (74298)
 Éloise (74109)
 Étrembières (74118)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Haute-Savoie department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Saint-Julien-en-Genevois
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Catherine Hardy Lavender (née Catherine Hardy) (February 8, 1930 – September 8, 2017) was an American athlete.

Lavender competed mainly in the 100-meter dash.  She won an Olympic gold medal in the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1952 Olympic Summer Games in Helsinki, Finland. Later Hardy married, had children, and a 30-year teaching career in Atlanta schools. She was born in Carroll County, Georgia.

Lavender died of complications from pneumonia in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 87 on September 8, 2017.

References

Other websites
 1995-1996 Spirit of Legends Calendar of Black History; BellSouth, Carl Swearingen; 1995.

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American Olympic gold medalists
American track and field athletes
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
James Madison Lee (October 15, 1926 – September 11, 2017) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army. He served as commander of United States Army Pacific (Western Command) from 1983 until his retirement in 1985. Lee also served in the Vietnam War and Korean War, commanding infantry in each. He was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. He retired in 1985.

Lee died of complications from dementia on September 11, 2017 in Wilmington at the age of 90.

References

1926 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in North Carolina
American military people
People from Wilmington, North Carolina
Rinse Zijlstra (19 April 1927 – 26 September 2017) was a Dutch politician. He was born in Oosterbierum. His older borther was former prime minister Jelle Zijlstra. 

Zijlstra served in the House of Representatives from 1967 to 1973 as a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party. Between 1975 and 1981, Zijlstra was mayor of Smallingerland. He was elected to the Senate between 1983 and 1995, representing the Christian Democratic Appeal, which had absorbed the Anti-Revolutionary Party in 1980.

Zijlstra died in Beetsterzwaag of complications from Alzheimer's disease on 26 September 2017, aged 90.

References

1927 births
2017 deaths
Anti-Revolutionary Party politicians
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch mayors
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
Politicians from Friesland
Frank Alan Hamblen, II (April 16, 1947 – September 30, 2017) was an American basketball coach and scout. He played college basketball at Syracuse. He was born in Terre Haute, Indiana. He was known for being the assistant coach of the Denver Rockets and for the Milwaukee Bucks. He was also the interim coach for the Los Angeles Lakers.

Hamblen died on September 30, 2017 of cardiac arrest in San Diego, California at the age of  70.

References

Other websites
 NBA.com coach profile
 BasketballReference: Frank Hamblen
 OrangeHoops: Frank Hamblen

1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
National Basketball Association coaches
Sportspeople from Indiana
People from Terre Haute, Indiana
Jean-Marie Lehn (born September 30, 1939) is a French chemist. He received the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with  Donald James Cram and Charles J. Pedersen. He specializes in organic chemistry.

He was born in Rosheim, France.

Related pages 
List of Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry

References 

1939 births
Living people
French chemists
French Nobel Prize winners
People from Grand Est
The arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Haute-Savoie département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Thonon-les-Bains.

History
When the Haute-Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains was part of that original department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains is bordered to the west, north and east by Switzerland, to the south by the arrondissement of Bonneville and to the southwest by the arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois.

It is most northern of the arrondissements of the department and is the second smallest arrondissement with an area of , but it is the one with fewest people living in it, with 142,090 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains, there are only 3 cantons:

 Évian-les-Bains (7407) (partly)
 Sciez (7415)
 Thonon-les-Bains (7417)

Communes
The arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains has 68 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Abondance (74001)
 Allinges (74005)
 Anthy-sur-Léman (74013)
 Armoy (74020)
 Ballaison (74025)
 Bellevaux (74032)
 Bernex (74033)
 Bogève (74038)
 Bonnevaux (74041)
 Bons-en-Chablais (74043)
 Boëge (74037)
 Brenthonne (74048)
 Burdignin (74050)
 Cervens (74053)
 Champanges (74057)
 Chens-sur-Léman (74070)
 Chevenoz (74073)
 Châtel (74063)
 Douvaine (74105)
 Draillant (74106)
 Essert-Romand (74114)
 Évian-les-Bains (74119)
 Excenevex (74121)
 Fessy (74126)
 Féternes (74127)
 Habère-Lullin (74139)
 Habère-Poche (74140)
 La Baume (74030)
 La Chapelle-d'Abondance (74058)
 La Forclaz (74129)
 La Vernaz (74295)
 Larringes (74146)
 Le Biot (74034)
 Loisin (74150)
 Lugrin (74154)
 Lullin (74155)
 Lully (74156)
 Lyaud (74157)
 Margencel (74163)
 Marin (74166)
 Massongy (74171)
 Maxilly-sur-Léman (74172)
 Meillerie (74175)
 Messery (74180)
 Montriond (74188)
 Morzine (74191)
 Nernier (74199)
 Neuvecelle (74200)
 Novel, Haute-Savoie (74203)
 Orcier (74206)
 Perrignier (74210)
 Publier (74218)
 Reyvroz (74222)
 Saint-André-de-Boëge (74226)
 Saint-Gingolph (74237)
 Saint-Jean-d'Aulps (74238)
 Saint-Paul-en-Chablais (74249)
 Saxel (74261)
 Sciez (74263)
 Seytroux (74271)
 Thollon-les-Mémises (74279)
 Thonon-les-Bains (74281)
 Vacheresse (74286)
 Vailly (74287)
 Veigy-Foncenex (74293)
 Villard (74301)
 Vinzier (74308)
 Yvoire (74315)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Haute-Savoie department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Thonon-les-Bains
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Barnard "Barney" Gumble is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. Dan Castellaneta is the voice actor for him. He was first seen in the first episode of the show ("Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire"). He is Homer Simpson's best friend. He is very drunk, but he became sober in the episode "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses".

Other websites
 

The Simpsons characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1989
The Transcaucasian SFSR was a Soviet republic consisting of modern Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan with its capital in Tbilisi. It lasted from 1922 to 1936.  The Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia was also a part of the Transcaucasian SFSR, while it exiusted (1921 - 1931). After protests, Lavrenty Beria dispanded the republic in 1936. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia again became independent republics (part of the sSoviet Union). The Abchasian SFSR had been merged into Georgia earlier.

References

Republics of the Soviet Union
1922 establishments in the Soviet Union
1930s disestablishments in the Soviet Union
History of the Soviet Union
Lumbrein is a former municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. The municipalities of Cumbel, Degen, Lumbrein, Morissen, Suraua, Vignogn, Vella, and Vrin merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Lumnezia.

Other websites

 Official Website

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Karl Ravens (June 29, 1927 – September 8, 2017) was a German politician.

Ravens was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He served as the Federal Minister of Regional Planning, Construction and Urban Development for West Germany from 1974 to 1978. 

He was also a member of the synod of the Evangelical Church in Germany from 1979 to 1981.

Ravens was born in Achim, Lower Saxony, and died in Hanover, at the age of 90.

References

1927 births
2017 deaths
Former members of the German Bundestag
German Lutherans
Government ministers of Germany
Politicians from Lower Saxony
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Hansje Bunschoten (3 May 1958 – 1 October 2017) was a freestyle swimmer and television presenter from the Netherlands. She competed for her native country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. As a member of the Dutch Relay Teams she finished in fifth place, both in the 4 × 100 m medley and the 4 × 100 m freestyle.

Bunschoten was born in Hilversum and died of complications from breast cancer in Berlin on 1 October 2017 at the age of 59.

References

Other websites

1958 births
2017 deaths
1972 Summer Olympics
Deaths from breast cancer
Dutch journalists
Dutch Olympians
Dutch television presenters
People from Hilversum
Sports commentators
Sportspeople from North Holland
Swimmers
Edmond Maire (24 January 1931 – 1 October 2017) was a French labor union leader. He was the secretary general of the French Democratic Confederation of Labour from 1971 to 1988. He was dismissive of strike actions and supported a more equal division of labour.

Maire died on 1 October 2017 in Paris at the age of 86.

References

Other websites 
 

1931 births
2017 deaths
Activists
People from Paris
A plant community (sometimes "photosynthesis" or "photosynthesis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types.

Plants
Larisa Ilinichna Volpert (30 March 1926  – 1 October 2017 ) was a Soviet-Russian chess Woman Grandmaster and Soviet-Russian-Estonian philologist of Jewish descent.

She was three times  Soviet women's chess champion (1954, 1958, and 1959). She earned the Woman International Master title in 1954 and the Woman Grandmaster title in 1977.

Volpert was born in Leningrad and died in Tallinn, Estonia at the age of 91.

References

1926 births
2017 deaths
Academics
Estonian scientists
Jewish scientists
Jewish sportspeople
Jewish writers
Russian chess players
Russian Jews
Russian scientists
Soviet Jews
Soviet sportspeople
Soviet writers
Writers from Saint Petersburg
Robert Elsie (June 29, 1950 – October 2, 2017) was a Canadian scholar who specialized in Albanian literature and folklore. He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was known for his works Albanian Literature : A Short History and The Highland Lute (Lahuta e Malcís): The Albanian National Epic. As a translator, Elsie offered the reader “a selection of songs from the best known cycle of Albanian epic verse”.

Elsie died of complications from ALS in Bonn, Germany on October 2, 2017 at the age of 67.

References

Other websites
Elsie's personal site.

1950 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in Germany
Canadian educators
People from Vancouver
Translators
Writers from British Columbia
Arthur "Art" Janov (; (August 21, 1924 – October 1, 2017) was an American psychologist, psychotherapist, and the creator of primal therapy, a treatment for mental illness that involves repeatedly descending into, feeling, and experiencing long-repressed childhood pain. He was born in Los Angeles, California. 

Janov directed a psychotherapy institute called the Primal Center in Santa Monica, California. Janov was the author of many books, most notably The Primal Scream (1970).

Janov died in his sleep of respiratory arrest after suffering a stroke at his home in Malibu, California on October 1, 2017 at the age of 93.

References

Other websites
 Dr Arthur Janov's Primal Center
 Janov's Reflections on the Human Condition Arthur Janov's Blog
 Grand Delusions—Psychotherapies Without Feeling (2005) unpublished manuscript available at the Primal Center's website
 Life Before Birth website

1924 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from respiratory arrest
Deaths from stroke
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
American psychologists
Writers from Los Angeles
Julie Payette (born October 20, 1963) is a Canadian businesswoman, former astronaut, engineer, and was the 29th Governor General of Canada.

Payette has completed two spaceflights, STS-96 and STS-127, logging more than 25 days in space. She served as chief astronaut for the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and has served as capsule communicator at NASA Mission Control Center in Houston.

She resigned on January 21, 2020. She was the first Governor General to leave office due to scandal.

References

1963 births
Living people
Governors General of Canada
Canadian businesspeople
Canadian astronauts
Canadian engineers
People from Montreal
The University of Texas tower shooting was a school shooting in the United States. It happened on August 1, 1966. It took place in Austin, Texas at University of Texas at Austin.

Sixteen people were killed in the incident. A 17th victim succumbed to his injuries in 2001.

Charles Whitman was the mass murderer. It has been suggested that Whitman's violent impulses, with which he struggled for years, were caused by a tumor on his brain. Whitman had killed his wife and his mother hours earlier.

After the shootings, the observation deck was closed. The many bullet holes were repaired. The tower was closed again in 1975 after four suicides. It reopened in 1999 after security features were put up.

References

1966 in the United States
1960s crimes in the United States
1960s in Texas
August events
Disasters in Texas
History of Austin, Texas
Mass murder in Texas
Massacres in the United States
Murder in the 1960s
Murders by firearm in the United States
School shootings in the United States
On the night of October 1, 2017, a gunman fired hundreds of bullets from his hotel room on the 32nd floor of the Mandalay Bay Hotel on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States at a group of concert-goers across the road at the Route 91 Harvest music festival with AK-47s and AR-15s. From his 32nd floor balcony, Paddock fired over 1000 bullets into the festival. He killed 60 people and wounded 411 before committing suicide. The panic meant that the total injured increased to 867. It was the deadliest shooting by a single gunman in the history of the United States.

Shooter 
The shooter was identified as 64-year-old Stephen Craig Paddock, who lived in Mesquite, Nevada. Police, relatives and neighbors described him as a gambler. When police arrived at his hotel room, Paddock was found dead there; he had killed himself with a self-inflicted gunshot wound. His motive for the shooting is unknown and has not been discovered by investigators.

Reactions 
President Donald Trump posted on Twitter of his "warmest condolences and sympathies to the victims and families of the terrible Las Vegas shooting". In a public meeting with the press the next morning, he said the shooting was an "act of pure evil", a "senseless murder" and a "terrible, terrible attack". He praised the "miraculous" quick action of first responders. Later, he met with the victims on October 4, along with their relatives and police.

References

2017 mass shootings in the United States
2017 murders in the United States
21st century in Nevada

2017 shooting
Mass murder in 2017
Massacres in the United States
Murder-suicides in the United States
October 2017 events
Saint James's Park is one of the oldest parks in the City of Westminster in London. It is 23 hectares (o,23 km²) large and is surrounded by buildings including two palaces: Buckingham Palace, Green Park, Queen's Gardens, the Victoria Memorial, Horse Guards, Birdcage Walk. It opens every day and welcomes more than 5 million visitors per year. In the park there is a small lake called Saint James's Park Lake with two islands: West Island and Duck Island (a duck reserve).

References

Geography of London
Stephen Craig Paddock (April 9, 1953 – October 1, 2017) was an American mass murderer.

Paddock killed 60 and injured 489 people during a country music festival on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada on October 1, 2017. After being discovered by the police in Mandalay Bay resort, he committed suicide by shooting himself.

He was born in Clinton, Iowa and grew up in Tucson, Arizona and Sun Valley, Los Angeles. He lived in Mesquite, Nevada, and was a retired accountant.

His father Benjamin Hoskins Paddock (1926-1998) was a bank robber.

References 

 NBC News

1953 births
2017 deaths
Accountants
American atheists
American aviators
American murderers
Businesspeople from Tucson, Arizona
Businesspeople from Iowa
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Criminals from California
Murderers who committed suicide
Suicide in 2017
Suicides by firearm in the United States
The Reich President (German: Reichspräsident) was the president (head of state) of the German Reich during the Weimar Republic (1919-1933) and Nazi Germany (1933-1945).

The Reich President was the successor of the German emperor. He had more power than the current Federal President (Bundespräsident).

The Reich President was elected for a seven-year term by the German people, and could be re-elected. He was the head of the army, appointed and relieved the Reich Chancellor (Reichskanzler), and could also send away the Reichstag.

The Reich President was supposed to exercise the legislative power with the Reichstag but due to the instable situation of the Weimar Republic, he was often bypassing the Reichstag by using special legislation. This was the case during the early years of the Reich Presidency and especially in the early 1930s. During the Hitler period the Reichstag was just show.

Presidents

Weimar Republic:
 Friedrich Ebert (1919-1925, SPD, died in office)
 Hans Luther (1925, no political party, acting)
 Walter Simons (1925, no political party, acting)
 Paul von Hindenburg (1925-1933, no political party, re-elected in 1932)

Nazi Germany:
 Paul von Hindenburg (1933-1934, no political party, died in office)
 Adolf Hitler (1934-1945, NSDAP, killed himself) 
 Karl Dönitz (1945, NSDAP, imprisoned)

References 
Presidents and Assemblies, Chapter 4. Matthew Soberg Shugart, John M. Carey. Cambridge University Press. 1992.
Renens is a municipality of the district Ouest lausannois in the Swiss canton of Vaud.

It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne.

References

Other websites 

Renens Homepage 

Municipalities of Vaud
Cities in Switzerland
Birsfelden (Swiss German: Birsfälde) is a municipality in Arlesheim in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 
 

Municipalities of Basel-Landschaft
Cities in Switzerland
Obersaxen Mundaun is a new municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Mundaun and Obersaxen merged into the new municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun 

2016 establishments in Switzerland
Municipalities of Graubünden
Obersaxen () is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Obersaxen and Mundaun merged into the new municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun.

Villages
Platenga, Affeier, Egga, Misanenga, Miraniga, Meierhof, Giraniga, St. Joseph, Tschappina and St. Martin.

Other websites

 Official website 

Former municipalities of Graubünden
Tokenism is the term used to describe the act of putting a person of a minority group (called a "token character") into something for the sole purpose of trying to be seen as inclusive to that minority group. This is often done only to avoid controversy, with little or no effort being put in to give said person a role other than being there to represent a minority. A "token character" is normally a woman or person of color, while other common examples include people with disabilities, different religions, different body types, or different political stances. Stereotypes are commonly used to portray token characters.

Race
Philippe Rahmy (5 June 1965 – 1 October 2017) was a Swiss poet and writer. He was born in Geneva, Switzerland. He was a founding member of the prominent French literary site remue.net which focused on promoting contemporary literature over the Internet and through live events. He also worked as a photographer and as a director of award-winning independent short movies.

In 2017, he won the Swiss Literature Award.

Rahmy died of complications from brittle bone disease in Geneva on 1 October 2017 at the age of 52.

References

Other websites
 Bibliothèque cantonale universitaire 
 articles by Philippe Rahmy on remue.net
 texts by Philippe Rahmy on remue.net
 poetry books edited by Cheyne Editeur 
 rahmyfiction.net Philippe Rahmy's blog

1965 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Switzerland
Swiss poets
Novelists
Photographers
People from Geneva
The Spanish Fighting Bull (Toro Bravo, toro de lidia, toro lidiado, ganado bravo, Touro de Lide) is an Iberian heterogeneous cattle population. 

It is primarily bred free-range on extensive estates in Spain, Portugal, France and Latin American countries where bull fighting is organized. Fighting bulls are selected primarily for a certain combination of aggression, energy, strength, and stamina.

References

Other websites

Cattle breeds
Victorino Martín Andrés (6 March 1929 – 3 October 2017) was a Spanish Fighting Bull cattle rancher. He was born in Madrid, Spain. In 2011, he received the Order of the Second of May, a high honor in Spain. He was known for breeding many Fighting Bulls which were later used for bullfighting in venues in Spain and France.

Martín died at his home in Portezuelo, Province of Cáceres, Spain of a stroke on 3 October 2017 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites

 Web de Victorino Martín
 Muere Victorino Martín

1929 births
2017 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Spain
Deaths from stroke
People from Madrid
Ranchers
Rodney Kevan Bickerstaffe (6 April 1945 – 3 October 2017) was a British trade unionist. He served as President of the United Kingdom National Pensioners Convention. He was leader of Britain's largest trade union, UNISON until 2001. He was born in Hammersmith, London, England.

Bickerstaffe died in London on 3 October 2017 at the age of 72.

References

Other websites
 National Pensioners Convention website 
 Ken Gill Memorial Fund

1945 births
2017 deaths
British activists
People from London
Evangelina Elizondo (28 April 1929 – October 2, 2017) was a Mexican actress, writer, painter and singer. She was born in Mexico City. She was known for her roles in Frontera Norte, El Castillo de los Monstrous, and in A Walk in the Clouds. She was also a singer known for "La sensacional Evangelina" and writer who wrote Pensamiento abierto.

Elizondo died in Mexico City on October 2, 2017 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
 Elizondo's paintings

1929 births
2017 deaths
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican painters
Mexican singers
Mexican writers
Actors from Mexico City
Animal Jam was an American–British children's puppet TV series that was shown on Discovery Kids in February 15, 2003. The show was produced by The Jim Henson Company, HiT Entertainment and Discovery Kids.

Children's television series
2003 television series debuts
2003 television series endings
Klaus Huber (30 November 1924 – 2 October 2017) was a Swiss composer and academic based in Basel and Freiburg. He became one of the leading figures of his generation in Europe, compared to Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen.

Among his students are Brian Ferneyhough, Younghi Pagh-Paan, Toshio Hosokawa, Wolfgang Rihm and Kaija Saariaho. He received the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize in 2009, among other awards.

References

1924 births
2017 deaths
Swiss composers
Swiss educators
People from Bern
Kim Un-yong or Un Yong Kim (3 March 1931 – 2 October 2017) was a South Korean sports administrator, Vice-President of the International Olympic Committee, and founding member of the WTF executive board. Kim Un-yong was elected the president of the Korean Taekwondo Association on 23 January 1971. He was born in Daegu, South Korea.

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
South Korean sportspeople
South Korean businesspeople
Michel Valentin Marcel Jouvet (16 November 1925 – 3 October 2017) was a French neurobiologist and oneirologist. He was Emeritus Professor of Experimental Medicine at the University of Lyon. He was born in Lons-le-Saunier, Jura, France. Jouvet was the researcher who first developed the analeptic drug Modafinil. He was elected in 1977 to the French Academy of Sciences. He developed the idea and term of REM sleep.

Jouvet died in Lyon, France on 3 October 2017 at the age of 91.

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
French physicians
French neuroscientists
People from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Oneirology (; from Greek ὄνειρον, oneiron, "dream"; and -λογία, -logia, "the study of") is the scientific study of dreams.  

Current research seeks connections between dreaming and current knowledge about how the brain works, as well as understanding of how the brain works during dreaming as pertains to memory formation and mental disorders. The study of oneirology can mean from dream interpretation in that the aim is to quantitatively study the process of dreams instead of analyzing the meaning behind them.
Oneirology is about dreams and how they work. Most dreams happen in the REM [rapid eye movement] phase of their sleep. Dreams can have a good chance of coming true. Lucid dreaming is when the dreamer gains some control over their dream.

Related pages
 Rapid eye movement

More readings
 Aserinsky, E. and N. Kleitman. 1953. "Regularly Occurring Periods of Eye Motility and Concomitant Phenomena during Sleep." Science 118: 273-274.
 Dement, W.C. and N. Kleitman. 1957. "The Relation of Eye Movements during Sleep to Dream Activity: An Objective Method for the Study of Dreaming." Journal of Experimental Psychology 53: 339-346.
 Domhoff, G. William. 2003. The Scientific Study of Dreams. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
 Gackenbach, Jayne and Stephen LaBerge, Eds. 1988. Conscious Mind, Sleeping Brain. New York: Plenum Press.
 Hadfield, J. A. 1969. Dreams and Nightmares. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.
 Hobson, J. Allan. The Dreaming Brain. New York: Basic Books, Inc., Publishers.

Sleep
Psychology
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (, , ; 29 September 1934 – 20 October 2021) was a Hungarian-American psychologist. He was known because of his work in the psychological concept of flow, a highly focused mental state. He was the Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Management at Claremont Graduate University.  

He was the head of the department of psychology at the University of Chicago and of the department of sociology and anthropology at Lake Forest College.

Csikszentmihalyi died on 20 October 2021 in Claremont, California from cardiac arrest at the age of 87.

References

1934 births
2021 deaths
Hungarian scientists
American psychologists
American academics
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Scientists from Chicago
Scientists from California
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Educators from California
Educators from Chicago
Howard Earl Gardner (born July 11, 1943) is an American developmental psychologist and the John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education at Harvard University. He is currently the senior director of Harvard Project Zero. Since 1995, he has been the co-director of The Good Project.

Gardner was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He studied at Harvard College. He is married to Ellen Winner. They have a son, Benjamin.

Gardner has written hundreds of research articles and thirty books that have been translated into more than thirty languages.  He is best known for his theory of multiple intelligences, as outlined in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.

References

Other websites

  The Good Project
The Official Howard Gardner Website
The Official Website of Multiple Intelligences Theory
Project Zero
Faculty Profile — Harvard Graduate School of Education website

1943 births
Living people
American psychologists
Educators from Pennsylvania
Scientists from Pennsylvania
People from Scranton, Pennsylvania
Wilhelm Eduard Freiherr von Schoen (June 3, 1851 in Worms – April 24, 1933 in Berchtesgaden) was a German diplomat and politician.

Von Schoen was ambassador in Saint Petersburg and Paris. He handed the declaration of war to the French in 1914.

From 1907 to 1910 he was Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Von Schoen wrote several non-fiction books, among others about World War I.

He died in the German Alps at the age of 81.

References 
  Friedrich Wilhelm von Schön. Eine biographische Skizze. Stadtverwaltung Worms: Städtisches Spiel- und Festhaus. Pages 31–43. Worms, 1966. Fritz Reuter.

1851 births
1933 deaths
Ambassadors of Germany
German nobility
German people of World War I
German writers
Government ministers of the German Empire
People from Worms, Germany
Politicians from Rhineland-Palatinate
Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann Hollweg (November 29, 1856 in Hohenfinow (nowadays in Brandenburg) - January 1, 1921 in the same place) was a German independent politician. He was Reich Chancellor (Reichskanzler) of the German Empire during the greatest part of World War I.

Von Bethmann Holweg studied law at the University of Strasbourg, Leipzig University and the Humboldt-University of Berlin. He started working in the civil service of Prussia in 1882. He became president of the Province of Brandenburg in 1899. He was twice Minister of the Interior: of Prussia from 1905 to 1907, and of the German Empire from 1907 to 1909. He was also Vice Chancellor of Germany from 1907 to 1909.

He became Reich Chancellor in July 1909, succeeding Bernhard von Bülow. Before the war he tried in vain to improve relations with the United Kingdom. During the war he unsuccessfully opposed the launching of the U-boat warfare without any restrictions in March 1917. Because of peace efforts of the Reichstag he resigned in July 1917, and was succeeded by Georg Michaelis.

After the war he wrote his memoirs. Von Bethmann Hollweg died of pneumonia at the age of 64.

References 
 www.jstor.org

1856 births
1921 deaths
Chancellors of the German Empire
Civil servants
Deaths from pneumonia
German autobiographers
German nobility
German people of World War I
Government ministers of the German Empire
Members of the Reichstag (German Empire)
People from Prussia
Politicians from Brandenburg
Prussian politicians
Vice Chancellors of Germany
There are 3 arrondissements in the Savoie department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of the Savoie are:

History
Since its creation in 1860, the Savoie department has had few changes:
 1860 : creation of the department from the southern part of the Duchy of Sardinia with four arrondissements: Chambéry, Albertville, Moûtiers and Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne. The capital was Chambéry.
 1926 : the arrondissement of Moûtiers was eliminated and its territory became part of the arrondissement of Albertville.

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Albertville
 Arrondissement of Chambéry
 Arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Savoie
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Chittani Ramachandra Hegde (1 January 1933 – 3 October 2017) was an Indian artist. He was one of the most popular Yakshagana artiste from Honnavara, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka (his birthplace). He was awarded with Padma Shri award in 2012. His career lasted until his death in 2017. Hegde was the first artist performing Yakshagana, to receive Padmashri award and he dedicated the award to "Yakshagana".

Hegde died of a stroke complicated by pneumonia at a hospital in Mumbai, India on 3 October 2017 at the age of 84.

References

1933 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Deaths from pneumonia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in India
Indian artists
Indian dancers
The arrondissement of Albertville is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Savoie département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Albertville.

History
When the Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Albertville was part of that original department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Albertville is bordered to the north by the Haute-Savoie department, to the east by Italy, to the south by the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne and to the west by the arrondissement of Chambéry.

It is in the north of the department and is the largest arrondissement with an area of , and the second in population, with 111,839 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Albertville, there are 5 cantons:

 Albertville-1 (7303)
 Albertville-2 (7304)
 Bourg-Saint-Maurice (7305)
 Moûtiers (7313)
 Ugine (7319)

Communes
The arrondissement of Albertville has 74 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Aigueblanche (73003)
 Aime-la-Plagne (73006)
 Albertville (73011)
 Allondaz (73014)
 Les Allues (73015)
 Les Avanchers-Valmorel (73024)
 La Bâthie (73032)
 Beaufort (73034)
 Les Belleville (73257)
 Le Bois (73045)
 Bonneval (73046)
 Bonvillard (73048)
 Bourg-Saint-Maurice (73054)
 Bozel (73055)
 Brides-les-Bains (73057)
 Césarches (73061)
 Cevins (73063)
 Champagny-en-Vanoise (73071)
 Les Chapelles (73077)
 Cléry (73086)
 Cohennoz (73088)
 Courchevel (73227)
 Crest-Voland (73094)
 Esserts-Blay (73110)
 Feissons-sur-Isère (73112)
 Feissons-sur-Salins (73113)
 Flumet (73114)
 Frontenex (73121)
 La Giettaz (73123)
 Gilly-sur-Isère (73124)
 Grésy-sur-Isère (73129)
 Grignon (73130)
 Hautecour (73131)
 Hauteluce (73132)
 Landry (73142)
 La Léchère (73187)
 Marthod (73153)
 Mercury (73154)
 Montagny (73161)
 Montailleur (73162)
 Monthion (73170)
 Montvalezan (73176)
 Moûtiers (73181)
 Notre-Dame-de-Bellecombe (73186)
 Notre-Dame-des-Millières (73188)
 Notre-Dame-du-Pré (73190)
 Pallud (73196)
 Peisey-Nancroix (73197)
 La Plagne-Tarentaise (73150)
 Planay (73201)
 Plancherine (73202)
 Pralognan-la-Vanoise (73206)
 Queige (73211)
 Rognaix (73216)
 Sainte-Foy-Tarentaise (73232)
 Sainte-Hélène-sur-Isère (73241)
 Saint-Jean-de-Belleville (73244)
 Saint-Marcel (73253)
 Saint-Nicolas-la-Chapelle (73262)
 Saint-Oyen (73266)
 Saint-Paul-sur-Isère (73268)
 Saint-Vital (73283)
 Salins-Fontaine (73284)
 Séez (73285)
 Thénésol (73292)
 Tignes (73296)
 Tournon (73297)
 Tours-en-Savoie (73298)
 Ugine (73303)
 Val-d'Isère (73304)
 Venthon (73308)
 Verrens-Arvey (73312)
 Villard-sur-Doron (73317)
 Villaroger (73323)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Savoie department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Albertville
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
In Norse mythology, Vanaheimr (Old Norse for "home of the Vanir") is one of the Nine Worlds and home of the Vanir. The Vanir are the gods of fertility, wisdom, and the ability to see the future.

Vanaheimr is described in the Poetic Edda; which was put together in the 13th century from earlier stories. The Prose Edda and Heimskringla were bot written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. In the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda, Vanaheimr is said to be the location where the Van god Njörðr was raised. In Norse cosmology, Vanaheimr is considered one of the Nine Worlds.

References 

Places in Norse mythology
William Bradford Bishop Jr. (born August 1, 1936) is a former United States Foreign Service officer. He has been a fugitive from justice since allegedly killing five members of his family in 1976. On April 10, 2014, the FBI placed him on the list of its Ten Most Wanted Fugitives.

His last posting, which began in 1974, was at State Department Headquarters in Washington, D.C. as an Assistant Chief in the Division of Special Activities and Commercial Treaties.

Bishop was born in Pasadena, California. He studied at UCLA and at Yale University.

In 1976, after getting upset for not getting a work promotion, Bishop bought a sledgehammer and a shovel and murdered his wife and three children as they slept at their home in Bethesda, Maryland. With the bodies loaded into the station wagon, Bishop allegedly drove , about a six-hour drive, to a densely wooded swamp off North Carolina Highway 94, about  south of Columbia, North Carolina. He would later burn the bodies and bury them in near the swamp.

Bishop has been spotted several placed in Europe by former State Department employees in Italy, Stockholm and in Switzerland.

In 2011, it was believed that Bishop died in Hong Kong and later in France, these proved to be false. In 2014, the FBI exhumed the body of an Alabama man who was killed in a road accident in 1981, believing he was Bishop. After DNA of the man was tested it was revealed the dead man was not Bishop and that he remains alive.

References

1936 births
Living people
American murderers
Criminals from California
People from Pasadena, California
The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne is an arrondissement of France.  It is part of the Savoie département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.

History
When the Savoie department was created in 1860, the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne was part of that original department.

Geography
The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Albertville, to the east by Italy, to the south by the Hautes-Alpes department, to the west by the Isère department and to the northwest by the arrondissement of Chambéry.

It is the most southern of the arrondissements of the department and is the second largest arrondissement with an area of , but the one with fewest people living in it with 43,438 inhabitants and a density of  inhabitants/km².

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, there are only 3 cantons:

 Modane (7310)
 Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (7317)
 Saint-Pierre-d'Albigny (7318) (partly)

Communes
The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne has 56 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):

 Aiguebelle (73002)
 Aiton (73007)
 Albiez-Montrond (73013)
 Albiez-le-Jeune (73012)
 Argentine (73019)
 Aussois (73023)
 Avrieux (73026)
 Bessans (73040)
 Bonneval-sur-Arc (73047)
 Bonvillaret (73049)
 La Chambre (73067)
 La Chapelle (73074)
 Épierre (73109)
 Fontcouverte-la-Toussuire (73116)
 Fourneaux (73117)
 Freney (73119)
 Hermillon (73135)
 Jarrier (73138)
 Le Châtel (73080)
 Les Chavannes-en-Maurienne (73083)
 Modane (73157)
 Montgilbert (73168)
 Montricher-Albanne (73173)
 Montsapey (73175)
 Montvernier (73177)
 Notre-Dame-du-Cruet (73189)
 Orelle (73194)
 Pontamafrey-Montpascal (73203)
 Randens (73212)
 Saint-Alban-d'Hurtières (73220)
 Saint-Alban-des-Villards (73221)
 Saint-André (73223)
 Saint-Avre (73224)
 Saint-Colomban-des-Villards (73230)
 Saint-Etienne-de-Cuines (73231)
 Saint-François-Longchamp (73235)
 Saint-Georges-d'Hurtières (73237)
 Saint-Jean-d'Arves (73242)
 Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (73248)
 Saint-Julien-Mont-Denis (73250)
 Saint-Léger (73252)
 Saint-Martin-d'Arc (73256)
 Saint-Martin-de-la-Porte (73258)
 Saint-Martin-sur-la-Chambre (73259)
 Saint-Michel-de-Maurienne (73261)
 Saint-Pancrace (73267)
 Saint-Pierre-de-Belleville (73272)
 Saint-Rémy-de-Maurienne (73278)
 Saint-Sorlin-d'Arves (73280)
 Sainte-Marie-de-Cuines (73255)
 Val-Cenis (73290)
 Valloire (73306)
 Valmeinier (73307)
 Villarembert (73318)
 Villargondran (73320)
 Villarodin-Bourget (73322)

The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Savoie department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
John Ripin Miller (May 23, 1938 – October 4, 2017) was an American politician. He was born in New York City.

Miller was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1985 to 1993. He represented the  of Washington as a Republican. While in Congress he championed human rights in the Soviet Union, China and South Africa.

Miller served as the director, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons for the U.S. State Department, with the rank of Ambassador-at-Large from 2002 through 2006 during the George W. Bush administration.

Miller died of cancer on October 4, 2017 in Corte Madera, California at the age of 79.

References

Other websites

 State Department Biography
 Seattle City Council Members, 1869-Present Chronological Listing, Seattle City Archives. Accessed online July 19, 2008.
 

1938 births
2017 deaths
American human rights activists
Cancer deaths in California
Politicians from Seattle, Washington
Politicians from New York City
United States representatives from Washington
US Republican Party politicians
"Cold as Ice" is a 1977 pop rock song. The song is from music group Foreigner. The lyrics for the song speak of a man accusing a woman of spoiling an intimate relationship.

The song peaked at #6 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. 

American rapper Kanye West used a sample for his song "Cold". Rapper B.o.B sampled the chorus of the song for his song "Cold as Ice" in 2010.

A cover version was heard during a commercial for Wendy's in Super Bowl LI in 2017.

References

Rock songs
Pop songs
1977 songs
Friedrich von Löffelholz (7 March 1953 – 2 October 2017) was a German cyclist. He was born in Nuremberg, Germany. He competed in the team time trial event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Von Löffelholz died on October 2, 2017 at the age of 62.

References

1953 births
2017 deaths
German cyclists
Sportspeople from Bavaria
People from Nuremberg