cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Helen June DeVos (née Van Wesep; February 24, 1927 – October 18, 2017) was an American philanthropist and political donor. She was the wife of Richard DeVos, co-founder of Amway beauty and home care products company and owner of the Orlando Magic basketball team. She was the mother-in-law of U.S. Secretary of Education, Betsy DeVos.

DeVos was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She studied at Calvin College. In 1953, she married Richard DeVos. They had three sons, Dick, Dan, and Doug, and a daughter, Cheri DeVos-Vander Weide.

DeVos served on the board of directors of the Grand Rapids Symphony and the St. Cecelia Music Center.

DeVos died at her home in Ada Township, Michigan on October 18, 2017 of complications from a stroke after being diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, aged 90.

References

Other websites
Helen DeVos, biographical website

1927 births
2017 deaths
American philanthropists
American Protestants
Cancer deaths in Michigan
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from stroke
Businesspeople from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Richard DeVos
Villarrica is one of Chile's most active volcanoes. It is near Lake Villarrica and Villarrica, Chile.

References

Volcanoes of Chile
Villarrica is a city and commune in southern Chile in the Province of Cautín, Araucanía Region. It is located on the western shore of Villarrica Lake. It is also close to the Villarrica Volcano ski center. Santiago is  to the north.

References

Cities in Chile
1550s establishments in South America
16th-century establishments in Chile
1552 establishments
Punathil Kunjabdulla (1940 – 27 October 2017) was a well-known Indian Malayalam language novelist and poet from Kerala state, South India. He was a medical doctor by profession. Kunjabdulla was a modernist in Malayalam literature. His novel Smarakasilakal (Memorial Stones) won the Kendra Sahithya Academy Award (Malayalam) in 1980.

Kunjabdulla died at the age of 75 on 27 October 2017 of bladder cancer.

References

1940 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from bladder cancer
Indian poets
Physicians
Novelists
Gordon Earle Moore (; born January 3, 1929) is an American businessman, co-founder and chairman emeritus of Intel Corporation, and the author of Moore's law. As of January 2016, his net worth is $7.3 billion.

In July 1968, Robert Noyce and Moore founded NM Electronics which later became Intel Corporation. Moore served as executive vice president until 1975 when he became president. In April 1979, Moore became chairman and chief executive officer, holding that position until April 1987, when he became chairman. He was named chairman emeritus in 1997.

In 1990, Moore was presented with the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by President George H. W. Bush. Moore was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2002, the United States' highest civilian honor, by President George W. Bush.

References

Other websites

1929 births
Living people
American philanthropists
American billionaires
American inventors
Engineers from California
American computer scientists
American chemists
Educators from San Francisco
Scientists from San Francisco
Writers from San Francisco
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Intel
Carrick was a district in Cornwall. It was replaced in 2009. It was a local government district run by Carrick District Council. 

Cornwall
Local government in England
Carrick District Council was a local council in Cornwall. It was closed in 2009. The jobs done by this council are now done by Cornwall Council. The council ran public services and town planning.

References

Local government in England
Government of Cornwall
2009 disestablishments in England
Ouch is a town in Lower Dir District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Towns in Pakistan
The National Assembly of Pakistan is the lower house of the parliament. The National Assembly has 342 seats, 272 of which are elected by the people, 60 are reserved for women and 10 for religious minorities.

Government of Pakistan
Qazi Hussain Ahmad was an Islamic scholar, democracy activist, and former leader of a Jamaat-e-Islami, an Islamist political party in Pakistan.

Early life 
Qazi was born in 1938 in Nowshera District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Qazi Hussain Ahmad went to Islamia College, Peshawar and got his Master of Science (MSc) degree in Geography from Peshawar University. He was a lecturer at Jehanzeb College Swat for three years.

Politics 
Qazi Hussain Ahmad was first elected as a senator for six years in 1986 and in 1992. He resigned in 1996 to protest corrupt political system. He was elected into the National Assembly in general election 2002 from his native town, Nowshera.

Long march
Qazi Hussain resigned from the senate on 27 September and started a long march against the Benazir government. On 4 November 1996, Benazir Bhutto's government was dismissed by President Farooq Leghari primarily because of corruption.

Death 
Qazi Hussain Ahmad died on 6 January 2013 due to heart attack.

References

Pakistani people
Pakistani politicians
Constituency NA-34 () is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan.

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Constituency PK-97 (Lower Dir-IV) is a Parliamentary seat for the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly.

Pakistan
Constituency PK-96 (Dir lower-III) is a constituency for the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Pakistan
Constituency PK-95 (Lower Dir-II) is a constituency for the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Pakistan
Constituency PK-94 (Lower Dir-I) is a constituency for the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly in Pakistan.

References 

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The filmography of Sivaji Ganesan comprises 277 Tamil movies, six Telugu and eight guest roles.

Movies

Notes

References

Bibliography

Other websites
Sivaji Ganesan Filmography with photographs Sivaji's filmography with photos
Newspaper advertisements

Indian filmographies
Vadivelu is an Indian film actor, comedian and playback singer. Since the 1990s, he has acted mainly as a comedian in Tamil films and is renowned for his slapstick comedies. Vadivelu has won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Comedian five times for his works in Kaalam Maari Pochu (1996), Vetri Kodi Kattu (2000), Thavasi (2001), Imsai Arasan 23m Pulikesi (2006) and Kathavarayan (2008). He has also won the Filmfare Award for Best Comedian – Tamil two times for his work in Chandramukhi (2005) and Imsai Arasan 23rd Pulikecei (2006) and was nominated once in the Best Supporting Actor – Tamil category for Aadhavan (2009). He also won the Vijay Award for Best Comedian for his work in Marudhamalai (2007) and was nominated three times in the Best Comedian category for his work in Aadhavan (2009), Nagaram (2010) and Kaavalan (2011). He has acted as a hero in four films to-date: Imsai Arasan 23rd Pulikecei (2006), Indiralohathil Na Azhagappan (2008), Tenaliraman (2014) and Eli (2015).

Films

References

Other websites
 

Indian filmographies
Vijay is an Indian actor who works in Tamil language films. He made his cinematic debut in the 1984 drama Vetri, directed by his father, S. A. Chandrasekhar. After appearing in Chandrasekhar's films as an child artist in nearly 9 films, Vijay made his debut as a lead actor with Naalaiya Theerpu (1992). He followed it with a supporting role opposite Vijayakanth in Sendhoorapandi (1993). Vijay went on to play lead roles in his father's directorial ventures such as Rasigan (1994) and Deva (1995). Some which were successful at the box office but unsuccessful critically.

Vijay's first breakthrough was in 1996 with Vikraman's romance film, Poove Unakkaga. His subsequent films, Vasanth's Nerrukku Ner (1997) and Fazil's Kadhalukku Mariyadhai (1997), were critically and commercially successful. His performance in the latter won him the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor. Thulladha Manamum Thullum (1999) earned him a Tamil Nadu state Award.

Vijay began the new millennium with critically and commercially successful films such as Kushi and Priyamanavale. The following year, he performed in three films: Friends, Badri and Shahjahan. All of which had a 100-day theatrical run. His subsequent films Vaseegara and Pudhiya Geethai did not do well at the box office. The success of his  masala film Thirumalai (2003), where he was paired opposite Jyothika, changed his on-screen persona to that of an action hero. He appeared next as a kabaddi player opposite Trisha in Dharani's Ghilli (2004), which went on to become the most commercially successful Tamil film of the year. It was also the first Tamil film to earn 500 million (Indian rupees). His performance as a caring brother in the masala film Thirupachi (2005) earned him a second Tamil Nadu State Award. He continued to achieve commercial success with Sivakasi (2005) and Pokkiri (2007).  Barring Vettaikaaran (2009), all of his subsequent releases from Azhagiya Thamizh Magan (2007), where he played dual roles for the first time in his career, to Villu (2009) were average successes; and his 50th film, Sura (2010), was a commercial failure.

In 2011 Vijay's career prospects improved after he was praised for his role as a bodyguard in Kaavalan. The following year he appeared in two films: as a college student in Nanban and an army officer in Thuppakki. His performances in both films received positive critical feedback,  He followed that with A. L. Vijay's Thalaivaa (2013) and the multi-starrer Jilla (2014). The latter featured him along with Mohanlal. Both films were successful. He teamed up with Murugadoss again for the action film Kaththi (2014). The film, which had Vijay playing dual roles as a thief and an idealist, became one of the highest-grossing Tamil films of that year. He featured as a tribal warrior in his next film,  Puli (2015); it was a commercial failure. The following year, he played a police officer in Theri (2016). The film had one of the biggest openings in Tamil cinema, grossing 1.51.56 billion worldwide, and is among the highest-grossing Tamil films of all time.

Films

All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.

Notes

References

Other websites
 

Indian filmographies
He is also a screenwriter, director, producer, playback singer  and choreographer who works primarily in the Tamil film industry. He debuted as a child actor in the 1960 Tamil film Kalathur Kannamma, which won him the President's Gold Medal. Since then he has acted in over 200 films in several languages including: Malayalam, Hindi, Telugu, Kannada and Bengali. After a few projects as a child artist he took a break to continue his education. He later concentrated on dance choreography and worked as an assistant choreographer. During this time, he made uncredited appearances in a few films which he worked on.

In 1973, Kamal landed his first adult role as Thiagu in the film by K. Balachander, whom the actor considers his mentor. He continued to act in minor roles in several films such as Sollathaan Ninaikkiren (1973) and Naan Avanillai (1974), most of which were directed by Balachander. His breakthrough as an independent lead actor came with the 1974 Malayalam film Kanyakumari. His work in it won him the Filmfare Award for Best Actor (Malayalam). Following that, he starred in a series of films in both languagesTamil and Malayalam. His breakthrough in Tamil cinema came with Balachander's Apoorva Raagangal (1975); the film earned him a second Filmfare Award, his first in Tamil. Between 1974 and 1978, he won six Filmfare Awards including four consecutive wins for the Best Tamil Actor. Kamal turned producer for Raja Paarvai (1981), in which he played the lead role of a blind musician. The film was produced under the "Hasan Brothers" banner which was later renamed Raaj Kamal Films International.

Kamal debuted in Bollywood with Balachander's Ek Duuje Ke Liye (1981), which was a remake of his 1978 Telugu film Maro Charitra. His role as a school teacher who looks after an amnesic girl in Moondram Pirai (1982) won him several accolades, including the Best Actor honours at the National Film Awards and Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. His work in Ramesh Sippy's Hindi film Saagar (1985), a triangular love story, was nominated in both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor categories at the 33rd Filmfare Awards. Under Raaj Kamal Films International, he produced films such as: Vikram (1986), Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989), Thevar Magan (1992) and Hey Ram (2000). As a producer he won a Filmfare Award and National Film Award for Apoorva Sagodharargal and Thevar Magan. Seven films featuring Kamal have been submitted by India to the Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, the most for any actor in India. In 2009, he became one of the few actors in India to have completed 50 years working in cinema. His work Vishwaroopam (2013), which he also produced and directed, won two awards at the 60th National Film Awards.

As actor

As director, producer and writer

Other crew positions

Unreleased films

Television

As a host

References

Bibliography

Other websites
 

Indian filmographies
S.S. Manivannan (31 July 1954 – 15 June 2013), popularly known mononymously as Manivannan, was an Indian film actor and director. In a career spanning three decades, Manivannan went from being a story and dialogue writer for veteran director Bharathiraja from 1980–82 to a successful director who thrived in experimenting with different genres, before becoming an actor. With over 400 films to his name, Manivannan was one of the most experienced actors in the field and has directed exact 50 films. Manivannan was mainly a supporting actor in films and often played the comedian or the villain's role.

The following is Manivannan's filmography. He has worked as a director, script and dialogue writer and as an actor. Manivannan has acted in over 400 films and directed 50 films throughout his career.

As director and writer

As actor

1970s-80s

1990s

2000s

2010s

Television
 Ganga Yamuna Saraswati
 Thirumagal
 Namma Kudumpam

References

Other websites
 
 Manivannan  filmography at Cinesouth.com
Indian filmographies
Henry Jenner (8 August 1848 – 8 May 1934) was a skilled man and writer from Cornwall who studied languages. He brought back the dead language of the Cornish people. This was called Kernewek.

References

People from Cornwall
1848 births
1934 deaths
Mebyon Kernow – The Party for Cornwall (, MK; Cornish for Sons of Cornwall) is a political party in Cornwall. It campaigns in local and national Elections. It has policies that are about making Cornwall a better place.

Further reading

References

Other websites
 Mebyon Kernow Website

Politics of Cornwall
Political parties in the United Kingdom
1951 establishments in the United Kingdom
1950s establishments in England
Masein () is a municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Graubünden
Mountain gorillas are gorillas that are from Eastern Africa. Some live in the Virunga Mountains of Central Africa, within 3 national parks. The other lives in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park of Uganda

References

Apes
Mammals of Africa
Ginsters is a company in Callington, Cornwall that makes pasties. It is owned by another company called Samworth Brothers. It makes "Original Cornish Pasty" food products, as well as pies and pastries.

References

Cornwall
Companies of England
Food companies of the United Kingdom
Pixar computer animated movies released by Disney

Upcoming

References

Pixar
Lists of movies
Frank Árpád Darabont (born Darabont Ferenc Árpád; January 28, 1959) is a Hungarian-American film director, screenwriter and producer who has been nominated for three Academy Awards and a Golden Globe Award. He is best known for his film adaptations of Stephen King novels such as The Shawshank Redemption, The Green Mile, and The Mist.

References

1959 births
Living people
Hungarian people
American filmmakers
People from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
A wrinkle is a fold, ridge or crease in the skin, similar to those that can form on the surface of fabric. The medical term is rhytide.

Causes
Skin wrinkles are common as a result of aging ,  reoccurring sleeping positions, loss of weight, or as the result of being under water for long periods of time. Age wrinkling in the skin is affected by constant facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.

References

Skin
This is the filmography of former Indian actress and Politician Jayalalitha who has acted in over 140 films.

Filmography

1950's

1960s

1970s

1980-1990s

2000s–2010s

Discography

Notes

References

Other websites
 
Indian filmographies
Atle Jonas Hammer (11 March 1932 – 22 October 2017) was a Norwegian engineer and jazz musician (trumpet, Flugelhorn), central on the jazz scene in Oslo. He was born in Oslo. He was known from several international cooperation.

From 1980 to 1985, he led his own quintet with among others Terje Venaas (bass), Eivin Sannes (piano) and Tom Olstad (drumes), and this was followed by a quintet with Harald Bergersen (saxophone), Erling Aksdal (piano, 1985–89).

During the 1980s and 1990s he played in bands with Thorgeir Stubø, Per Husby Quintet, Magni Wentzel Quintet, and in Big Bands like the one led by Harald Gundhus/Ole Jacob Hansen and Erling Wicklund's «Storeslem».

Hammer died in Oslo on 22 October 2017 at the age of 85.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
Engineers
Jazz musicians
Trumpeters
Musicians from Oslo
Ali Ashraf Darvishian (‎; 25 August 1941 – 26 October 2017) was an Iranian story writer and scholar. He was born in Kermanshah, Iran. He was often called the "Iranian Charles Dickens". He taught Persian literature in Australian colleges and universities during his career. He was a guest of the Iranian Centre for Democracy and presented a number of lectures on a broad range of social and cultural issues.

Darvishian died on 26 October 2017 in Tehran of respiratory failure at the age of 76.

References

Other websites
 هندوانه‌ی گرم ـ علی‌اشرف درویشیان (in Persian)
 مصاحبه با علی اشرف درویشیان، نویسنده (in Persian) 

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Activists
Iranian educators
Iranian writers
Arnett Elysus Girardeau Sr. (July 15, 1929 – October 26, 2017) was an American dentist, civil rights activist and former politician in the state of Florida. He was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 16th distrist from 1976 to 1982. He then served in the Florida Senate from 1983 through 1992.

Girardeau died on October 26, 2017 in Jacksonville of a heart attack at the age of 88.

References

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Florida
American civil rights activists
African American politicians
Politicians from Jacksonville, Florida
US Democratic Party politicians
Minister Alen VonShea Norman (November 2, 1971 – October 26, 2017), who went by the stage name Shea Norman, was an American gospel singer-songwriter. He started his music career, in 2004, with the release of My Heart Depends on You, by Verity Records. This would be his breakthrough release upon the Billboard Gospel Albums chart. The song, "'Tis So Sweet", was placed on the WOW Gospel 2005.

Norman died of complications from diabetes in Memphis, Tennessee on October 26, 2017 at the age of 45.

References

Other websites
 Cross Rhythms artist profile

1971 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
African-American singers
American singer-songwriters
American gospel musicians
American Christians
Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
Singers from Memphis, Tennessee
Writers from Tennessee
Musicians from Alabama
Singers from Alabama
Writers from Alabama
People from Sheffield, Alabama
Nelly Olin (23 March 1941 – 26 October 2017) was a French politician. She was a Minister of Environment in France under Dominique de Villepin's government from 2005 through 2007. From 2004 to 2005, Olin was the Minister-Delegate for Social Security. She was a Senator for the Oise department.

Olin served as Mayor of Garges-lès-Gonesse and Senator, both offices from 1995 to 2004.

Olin died on 26 October 2017 in Paris of complications from breast cancer. She was at age 76.

References

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from breast cancer
Cancer deaths in France
French politicians
Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (abbreviated ZF) is a system of axioms used to describe set theory.  When the axiom of choice is added to ZF, the system is called ZFC.  It is the system of axioms used in set theory by most mathematicians today.

After Russell's paradox was found in the 1901, mathematicians wanted to find a way to describe set theory that did not have contradictions.  Ernst Zermelo proposed a theory of set theory in 1908.  In 1922, Abraham Fraenkel proposed a new version based on Zermelo's work.

Axioms

An axiom is a statement which is accepted without question, and which has no proof.  ZF contains eight axioms.

 The axiom of extension says that two sets are equal if and only if they have the same elements.  For example, the set  and the set  are equal.
 The axiom of foundation says that every set  (other than the empty set) contains an element that is disjoint (shares no members) with .
 The axiom of specification says that given a set , and a predicate  (a function that is either true or false), that a set exists that contains exactly those elements of  where  is true.  For example, if , and  is "this is an even number", then the axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of pairing says that given two sets, there is a set whose members are exactly the two given sets.  So, given the two sets  and , this axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of union says that for any set, there exists a set that consists of just the elements of the elements of that set.  For example, given the set , this axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of replacement says that for any set  and a function , that the set consisting of the results of calling  on all the members of  exists.  For example, if  and  is "add ten to this number", then the axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of infinity says that the set of all integers (as defined by the Von Neumann construction) exists.  This is the set 
 The axiom of power set says that the power set (the set of all subsets) of any set exists.  For example, the power set of  is

Axiom of choice

The axiom of choice says that it is possible to take one object out of each of the elements of a set and make a new set.  For example, given the set , the axiom of choice would show that a set such as  exists.  For finite sets, this axiom can be proved from the other axioms, but not for infinite sets.

References

 
 
 

Set theory
The Second Anglo-Mysore War was a conflict that took place on the Indian Subcontinent from 1780 to 1784. The war ended without a clear victory on either side. The Treaty of Mangalore restored the situation to the state before the war broke out. The war involved the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company. The Kingdom of Mysore was a large kingdom, in the South of India. It was an ally of the French. The East India Company was on the side of the English.

Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore, committed himself to a French alliance to seek revenge against the British.  The British had problems with Mysore because it had an alliance with the French.

Hyder Ali And Tipu Sultan
The army of Hyder was one of the largest armies in India. In 1780, his army swept down the Eastern Ghats (mountains) and burnt the villages. Hyder set about forming a confederacy against the British. This included the French, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad. Hyder Ali overthrew the government and established his authority over the Mysore state. Hyder Ali tried to made a treaty with the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad, but both of them decided not to take up arms against the British so Hyder Ali ended up fighting the war on his own. Hyder died in 1782 but Tipu Sultan proved to be a worthy successor, He introduced many reforms to overhaul and reorganize the administrative machinery. He also modernized the army.

The Treaty
The battle remained indecisive and peace was finally concluded with Tipu on 28 June 1784. The war ended by signing the peace treaty in 1784. The treaty was named as the treaty of Mangalore because the treaty was signed in Mangalore. The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan and the British East India Company on 11 March 1784. It was signed in Mangalore and brought an end to the Second Anglo-Mysore War.

Causes of the war
The British had problems with Mysore because it had an alliance with the French. The Marathas attacked Hyder Ali and the British signed a treaty saying that they would help Hyder, but they never cared to show up. Between 1773 and 1779 Hyder Ali was expanding his kingdom. To counter the British threat, Nana Phadnavis,  the Maratha chief minister at Pune formed an alliance with the Marathas, Mysore and the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Wars involving England
Wars involving France
Wars involving India
1780s
18th century in Asia
18th century in the Kingdom of Great Britain
Olorotitan was a type of dinosaur. It was a herbivore, which means it ate plants. One of its skeletons was found in Russia.

References 

Dinosaurs
Abdul Taleb Zaki () was a Hazara politician and jihadist from Afghanistan.

Abdul Taleb Zaki, son of Abdul Wahid born in 1960 in Bamiyan Province of Afghanistan. He was a commander and a member of Hezbe Wahdat political party in Afghanistan.
He was the governor of Bamyan Province for four years from 1994 to 1998. He died in 1998 in Ghazni Province.

References

Hazara politicians
Hazara people
1960 births
1998 deaths
Manayangath Subramanian Viswanathan (24 June 1928 – 14 July 2015), also known as M.S.V., was an Indian music director, composer, and singer. He was popularly known as Mellisai Mannar (Tamil for "The King of Light Music"). He composed songs in 1200 movies from Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, and Hindi languages. He worked primarily in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu movies.

Viswanathan died on 14 July 2015 in Chennai, India of respiratory failure at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

 
 M. S. Viswanathan's official website
 

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Indian singers
Composers
Tamil musicians
Tamil singers
Mohamed Abshir Muse (, ), (1 July 1926 – 25 October 2017) also known as Mahamed Abshir Musa, was a well known Somali military person. He was active from 1940s to 1950s. He served General and the first Commander of the Somali Police Force. He was trained at the Carabinieri, Italy's national military training base.

Muse resigned in 1969 from his job at the police force. He was later jailed by the military dictator Siad Barre for speaking out against the regime.

Muse died on 25 October 2017 in Minneapolis, Minnesota aged 91.

References

Other websites
 

1926 births
2017 deaths
Military people
Manuel Sanchís Martínez (26 March 1938 – 28 October 2017) was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender. He was born in Alberique, Spain. His son was Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo.

Sanchís represented Real Madrid and Spain. They were one of only three father/son pairs to have won the European Cup/Champions League, and he played in 213 La Liga games over the course of ten seasons.

An international during nearly two years, Sanchís appeared with the national team at the 1966 World Cup.

Sanchís earned 11 caps for Spain, and represented the nation at the 1966 FIFA World Cup. During the group stages, he scored a rare goal in a 2–1 win against Switzerland.

Sanchís died on 28 October 2017 in Madrid, aged 79, from pulmonary embolism.

References

Other websites
 Real Madrid biography 

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pulmonary embolism
Spanish footballers
Sportspeople from Madrid
A pasty is a kind of pastry filled with meat or vegetables and baked, a bit like a pie. They are linked with Cornwall where they were first made.

Description
Pastry dough is rolled out and cut in a circle. The raw filling is placed on half the circle, then the pastry is folded in half over the filling to cover it. The edges are then sealed by crimping (firmly pressed together), and baked. The baking time for the filling and the pastry is the same.

The pasty is made as a single-serving portion, for one person's meal. It's made to be held in the hand and does not need any cutlery. It may be eaten hot, warm, or at room temperature.

Uses
A pasty is portable and convenient to eat. It can be easily be taken to the workplace and kept until a mealtime break. No refrigeration is required if eaten the same day. The sealed, baked dough keeps the filling warm for hours after baking. A pasty could also be reheated by placing on or near a heat source - even by holding over a candle where no oven is available.

Baked foods
Cornwall
Fort Provintia is a defense base in Tainan, a city in south Taiwan, built by the Dutch in 1653, and now a historic site.

History

The Dutch Era (1624~1662) 
In 1624, the Dutch colonized southern Taiwan in order to trade with mainland China. Before the fort was built, the place was a center of commercial trade. The fort was built by the Dutch to prevent another rebellion after the local people, led by Guo Huai-yi, went against the Dutch in 1652. The fort was still used as a trade center. The Dutch made the fort with red bricks and mortar, which were a mixture of water, sugar, sticky rice and oyster shells.

The Zheng Era (1662~1683) 
In 1662,  Koxinga, the ruler of Zheng dynasty,expelled the Dutch, and the fort was used as his government with the new name Chen-Tien Fu. In 1664, the fort was abandoned as a place of government and was used as a place to store gunpowder.

The Qing Era (1683~1895) 
In 1683, the ruler of Zheng dynasty surrendered to the Qing. In 1721, the fort was damaged when Zhu Yigui led uprising against the government. Also through the following years, the fort was destroyed by several earthquakes only a few walls remained. The chief administrator, Sheng Shou Qien, built the Penghu Academy in 1886. It is a Qing style building located at the west side of the fort. In 1879, both the Wunchang Pavilion (Temple of Literature God) and the Hai-She Temple（Temple of Sea God）were built by the emperor’s administrator, Shen Baozhen. The Wunchang Pavilion and the Hai-She Temple are located in the central part of the fort. The Wunchang Pavilion was built in honor of Wun- Chang, God of Literature. The Hai-She Temple was built in honor of God of the Sea.

The Japanese Era (1895~1945) 
In 1895, the Qing lost the First Sino-Japanese War and gave away the territory of Taiwan to Japan. The Japanese began to use the fort as an army hospital. In 1944, the Japanese began to restore the buildings including the walls that the Dutch had built, the Hai-Shen Temple, the Wunchang Pavilion and the Penghu Academy.

After 1945 
After WWII, Japan retreated from Taiwan. Then the fort was renamed Chihkan Tower and became an exhibition center. In 1960, the imperial tortoise statues and the stone monuments with historical records from the Great South Gate, part of the original 14 gates of the Tainan City Wall, were moved to the south Chihkan Tower.

References

Forts in Asia
History of Taiwan
1653 establishments
17th-century establishments in Asia
Stranger Things is an American science fiction television series created, written, directed and co-executive produced by the Duffer Brothers, as well as co-executive produced by Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen. The first season, released in July 2016, stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles. For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were made series regulars, with actors Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin and Paul Reiser also appearing. The series is allegedly based on a 1992 book The Montauk Project: Experiments in Time which tells stories about the Montauk Project, an alleged series of secret U.S. government projects in Long Island. .Season 4 is set to be released in two volumes, the first being released on  May 27,2022 while the second on July 1,2022.

Premise
Set in the fictional town of Hawkins, Indiana in the 1980s, the first season focuses on the investigation into the disappearance of a young boy amid supernatural events occurring around the town including the appearance of a psychokinetic girl who helps the missing boy's friends in their own search. The second season is set a year after the first, and deals with attempts of the characters to return to normal and consequences from that season. The third season is set in the summer of 1985.

Reception
Stranger Things was met with a very positive response by fans and critics. Viewer numbers for the series quickly climbed to around 14.7 million within the first 35 days after release. Popular review site Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season an approval rating of 96% based on 68 reviews, and a weighted average rating of 8.04/10.

References

2016 establishments in the United States
2010s American drama television series

2010s mystery television series
2010s science fiction television series
American horror television series
American mystery television series
American science fiction television series
Indiana in fiction
Period television series

Works set in the 1980s
2016 television series debuts
Netflix original shows
English-language television programs
Mark of Cornwall was a king of Cornwall and a character in the Arthurian Cycle of medieval literature. Specifically, Mark is the husband of Isolde, who upon falling in love with Tristan a tragic story that has been the subject of numerous literary versions from the Middle Ages to the present day.

References

People from Cornwall
Kings and queens
The National Congress of Brazil is the national parliament of Brazil. It is bicameral. 
The two chambers are the Chamber of the deputies (Câmaras dos deputados) and the Senate (Senado).
The president of the senate is also the president of the National Congress.
The National Congress was created in 1825.

The chamber of the deputies has 344 deputies elected for a 4-years term and is ruled by a president (presidente).
The senate has 81 senators (3 by state) elected for a 8-years term and is ruled by a president (presidente).

The headquarters of the National Congress are in the plaza of the three powers (praça dos três poderes).

Parliaments
Government of Brazil
1825 establishments in South America
19th-century establishments in Brazil
Gerrit "Gert" Timmerman (8 June 1935 in Oldenzaal – 28 October 2017 in Overdinkel) was a Dutch singer and musician from the Province of Overijssel. He was a baritone, and played the saxophone, the clarinet, the keyboard and the double bass.

His best known hits were "Nimm deine weiße Gitarre" (1963), "Ik heb eerbied voor jouw grijze haren" (1963), "Een moederhart, een gouden hart" (1964), "De schommelstoel" (1965), and "Brandend zand" (1970).

He married Hermien van der Weide (also from the Province of Overijssel) in 1963. As "Gert and Hermien" they were a very popular musical duo for many years.

Timmerman and his wife became Christians in 1974. After their conversion they started a Christian musical career but later on they returned to their previous career.

They divorced in 1999. He remarried another woman in 2002. Hermien died in 2003.

Gert died of pancreatic cancer in 2017, at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

1935 births
2017 deaths
Baritones
Bassists
Clarinetists
Converts to Christianity
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Dutch musicians
Dutch Protestants
Dutch singers
Keyboardists
People from Overijssel
Saxophonists
John Saxon (born Carmine Orrico; August 5, 1936 – July 25, 2020) was an American actor and martial artist. He has worked on more than 200 movies in his 60 year long career starting in 1954. He was born in New York City to an Italian-American family.

Saxon was known for his work in westerns and horror movies as well as for his role as Roper in the 1973 movie Enter the Dragon. He was well known for playing Lt. Donald Thompson in the 1984 slasher horror movie A Nightmare on Elm Street.

Saxon died on July 25, 2020 in Murfreesboro, Tennessee from pneumonia-related problems, aged 83.

References

Other websites

 
 
 John Saxon bio on (re)Search my Trash
 Personal website
 John Saxon's quotes
 John Saxon (Aveleyman)

1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American movie actors
American television actors
American martial artists
Actors from New York City
Lil Uzi Vert is the stage name of Symere Woods (born July 31, 1995). Woods is an American rapper and singer from Philadelphia.

Career
Woods first received attention after releasing the single, Money Longer, which topped at number 92 on Billboard Hot 100. Since then he has continued to release projects such as Luv Is Rage, Lil Uzi Vert vs. the World, The Perfect Luv Tape, and Luv Is Rage 2. Four of his songs from these projects have reached the Billboard Hot 100. His album Luv is Rage 2 debuted at no. 1 on the Billboard 200. He was also a guest artist on the no. 1 charting single Bad and Boujee by rap group the Migos.

References 

1995 births
Living people
African-American rappers
American hip hop musicians
Rap musicians from Pennsylvania
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Singers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Trap musicians
African-American singers
African American musicians
Philippe of Lorraine (1643 – 8 December 1702), known as the Chevalier de Lorraine, was a French nobleman and member of the House of Guise, cadet of the Ducal House of Lorraine. He was the renowned lover of Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans, Monsieur, only brother of Louis XIV. Even though he never married, he is said to have had illegitimate children.  

LGBT people
1643 births
1702 deaths
Noblemen from France
TD Ameritrade is a company that lets customers buy and sell stocks and other financial securities. It has headquarters in Omaha, Nebraska.

The company received its current name in January 2006, when Ameritrade Holding Corporation acquired TD Waterhouse from Toronto-Dominion Bank and was renamed TD Ameritrade.

References

Finance
American financial companies
1971 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Nebraska
Companies based in Omaha, Nebraska
Mutual of Omaha is a mutual insurance company with headquarters in Omaha, Nebraska.  The company is on the Fortune 500.

References

20th-century establishments in Nebraska
1909 establishments in the United States
Insurance companies
Companies based in Omaha, Nebraska
Lil Yachty is the stage name of Miles Parks McCollum (born August 23, 1997). McCollum is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter from Georgia.

Career
McCollum first received attention in August 2015 for his single "One Night" which topped at no. 49 on the Billboard Hot 100. Since then he has released four projects, Lil Boat, Summer Songs, Summer Songs 2, and Teenage Emotions. Teenage Emotions peaked at no. 5 on the US Billboard 200. He has also appeared on KYLE's iSpy which reached no. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and DRAM's Broccoli which reached no. 5.

References

Living people
African-American singers
Rap musicians from Georgia
African-American rappers
1997 births
Twitch (service) streamers
American hip hop musicians
African American musicians
Denise Patrice Barlow (31 January 1950 – 21 October 2017) was a British geneticist. She was born in Yorkshire. She worked in the field of epigenomics. 

Barlow was an elected member of European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), an honorary professor of genetics at the University of Vienna and received the Erwin Schrödinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2014. Her discovery of the first mammalian imprinted gene, IGF2R, which codes for the insulin-like growth factor was her best known work.

Barlow died of pancreatic cancer in Vienna, Austria on 21 October 2017 at the age of 67.

References

1950 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Austria
English geneticists
People from Yorkshire
Below is a table of all United States presidential elections in Hawaii since it became a state in 1959.

Hawaii has historically been a strong "blue" state, voting Democrat in 13 out of 15 of their presidential elections.

Table 

 Candidates in bold won the state of Hawaii in the election.

Overall party comparison

Related pages 
 United States presidential election

History of Hawaii
United States presidential elections
The 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup was expected to be the 11th FIFA Confederations Cup tournament. It was cancelled as the plans to expand the FIFA Club World Cup in 2021 were approved.

Replacement 
In October 2017, FIFA planned to get rid of the Confederations Cup by 2021 in favor of an expanded FIFA Club World Cup and move the latter from December to June, holding it every four years.

References

Other websites 

FIFA Confederations Cup , FIFA.com

Football in Qatar
FIFA Confederations Cup
Vadivelu is one of the most famous comedian in the present era of Tamil cinema .following the worlds best comedian Surya of neyveli. The comedian known in Tamil cinema mainly for his slapstick comedies.  He is also a playback singer and an actor who played supporting roles along with comedy. He acted in about 200 and above movies. Vadivelu received awards in the Best Comedian category for his performances in Kaalam Maari Pochu (1996), Vetri Kodi Kattu (2000), Thavasi (2001), Chandramukhi (2005), Imsai Arasan 23m Pulikesi (2006), Marudhamalai (2007) and Kathavarayan (2008) Velayudham (2011) . His popularity led to his media-coined nickname, Vaigai Puyal, meaning "the storm from the Vaigai River which flows through his hometown Madurai.

Biography of the comedian 
He started his career in Tamil cinema as a side-comedian along with the Tamil cinema's most famous duo of Goundamani and Senthil. Vadivelu rose as a renowned actor from the movie Kadhalan (1998), although his debut is in En Thangai Kalyani of T.Rajendar.

Some of his most famous movies are Friends, Bharathi Kannamma, Vetri Kodi Kattu, Winner, Giri, Thalainagaram, Marudhamalai and Chandramukhi. The actor played the lead in the blockbuster Imsai Arasan 23am Pulikesi (2006) where he played a dual role of twin brothers. His next movie in a lead role was Indiralogathil Na Azhagappan (2008), which was however a big failure.

After the 2011 Legislative Assembly election fight between Vijayakanth, leader of DMDK and Vadivelu in which he was severely criticized for his public speeches that heavily alledged Vijayakanth, he took rest for two years from media appearance since his rival and his alliance won the election. He signed up to play a double role in the movie Tenaliraman, his third movie as hero. The movie did decent business at the box office.

Vadivelu filmography

References

Tamil actors
Tamil singers
Living people
Tamil comedians
Ilayaraaja is a famous film composer and singer in South Indian cinema especially in Tamil cinema. Ilaiyaraaja is also an instrumentalist, conductor, singer, and songwriter. He has composed more than 6000 songs and provided film music or movie soundtrack for more than 1000 films, particularly being famous for his background music.

Ilayaraaja introduced Western type of music into the Tamil cinema.He is also known for creating music by fusing symphonic orchestration with traditional Indian instrumentation.In 1993 he organised a full symphony performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London and thus became the First Indian to compose a full symphony, with Ravi Shankar being the only other Indian to do so. He is also the first Asian to compose a full symphony performed by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. He has won five Indian National Film Awards (the highest film honor in India); three for Best Music Direction and two for Best Background Score. In 2010 he has received Padma Bhushan, awarded by the Government of India.
He is usually referred to by the title Isaignani (), or as The Maestro. Ilaiyaraja is a gold medalist in classical guitar from Trinity College of Music, London. In 2003, according to an international poll conducted by BBC, more than half-a million people from 165 countries voted his composition Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu from the 1991 film Thalapathi as fourth in the world's top 10 most popular songs of all time.

In 2015, he was also honoured with the Centenary Award for lifetime achievement at the 46th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) at Panaji, Goa. On December 31, 2015, he was nominated by the Kerala Government for Nishagandi Puraskaram, the top award conferred by the Kerala Government's Tourism Ministry, for his artistic excellence and contributions to the Indian film industry.

In a poll conducted by CNN-IBN celebrating 100 years of Indian cinema in 2013, Ilaiyaraaja was voted as the greatest music composer of India with a maximum of 49%.

Early life and family
Ilaiyaraaja was born as Gnanathesikan in 1943 in a normal middle-class family in Pannaipuram, Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India. When he joined the school his father changed his name as "Rajaiya" but his village people used to call him as "Raasayya". Ilaiyaraaja joined Dhanraj Master as a student to learn musical instruments and the master renamed and called him as just "Raaja". In his first movie Annakili, Tamil film producer Panchu Arunachalam added "Ilaiya" (Ilaiya means younger in Tamil language) as prefix in his name Raaja and he named as "Ilaiyaraaja" because in the 1970s there was one more music director A. M. Rajah who was a popular one.

Ilaiyaraaja was married to Jeeva and the couple have three children—Karthik Raja, Yuvan Shankar Raja and Bhavatharini—all film composers and singers. His wife Jeeva died on 31 October 2011. Ilaiyaraaja has a brother Gangai Amaran, who is also a music director and lyricist in Tamil film industry.

References

Tamil musicians
Tamil singers
National Deep Fried Clams Day is a national holiday celebrating the process of deep frying and consuming clams.
The holiday is observed on November 1st every year. It is common for people to cook and serve clams on this day.

History 

The first deep fried clams were made in Essex, Massachusetts, on July 3rd, 1916. The creator, Lawrence Henry Woodman, owned a small restaurant, where he sold the fried clams to passersby. The food quickly spread around the country and gained attention. Today, National Deep Fried Clams Day is celebrated on November 1st. It is unknown why it is this day rather than July 3rd.

Customs 

It is customary to deep fry and serve clams on this day, battering and breading them to form a dish of "clam strips." As well as this, a more modern method of celebrating is to post #DeepFriedClamsDay on social media.

Other holidays celebrated on November 1st 

 National Family Literacy Day
 National Go Cook for your Pets Day
 All Saints Day
 National Authors' Day
 National Brush Day
 Prime Meridian Day
 National Vinegar Day
 National Eating Healthy Day

Other websites

 https://nationaldaycalendar.com/national-deep-fried-clams-day-november-1/

Holidays
Pontresina () is a municipality of the district Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Pontresina Website

Municipalities of Graubünden
+ (pronounced "plus") is the first studio album by English artist Ed Sheeran. The album was released on September 9, 2011 and is considered to be Sheeran's breakthrough into the music industry.

Reception
+ was met with mostly positive reviews from critics on release. The album topped the UK Album Charts at no. 1 and went on to become Triple Platinum certified, with over 1,958,000 copies being sold. This makes it the sixth best-selling album of the 2010s and the 44h best-selling album of the 21st century. The albums two preceding singles—The A Team and You Need Me, I Don't Need You— peaked at No. 3 and No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart.

References

2011 albums
Acoustic pop albums
Folk albums
Hip hop albums
Ed Sheeran albums