cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
William Haine (August 8, 1944 – August 16, 2021) was a Democratic member of the Illinois Senate representing the 56th district from his appointment in November 2002 until 2019. He was born in Alton, Illinois.

Haine died on August 16, 2021 at the age of 77.

References

1944 births
2021 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Illinois
US Democratic Party politicians
People from Alton, Illinois
Hormoz Farhat (, 9 August 1928 – 16 August 2021) was a Persian-American composer and ethnomusicologist. He was the emeritus professor of music, a fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. He was born in Tehran. He was a professor and head of the music department at the University of Tehran, (1970–78) as well as the head of the Music Council in the National Iranian Radio and Television Network (1969–78) and Shiraz Arts Festival.

References

1928 births
2021 deaths
Iranian musicians
American academics
American composers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Tehran
Rafael Romero Sandrea (May 22, 1938 – August 15, 2021) was a Venezuelan track and field athlete. He competed in the sprint events. He represented his native country in three Summer Olympics, starting in 1956. Romero won two medals (gold and silver) at the 1963 Pan American Games in Brazil.

Romero died on August 15, 2021 at the age of 83.

References

1938 births
2021 deaths
Competitors in athletics
Olympians
Venezuelan sportspeople
Richard Philip Schafrath (March 21, 1937 – August 15, 2021) was an American offensive lineman football player and politician. He played for the Cleveland Browns from 1959 until 1971. He was a member of the Ohio Senate from 1987 until 2000 as a member of the Republican Party. Schafrath was born in Wooster, Ohio.

Schafrath died on August 15, 2021 at the age of 84.

References

1937 births
2021 deaths
American football offensive tackles
Cleveland Browns players
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Ohio
US Republican Party politicians
Vladimir Mendelssohn (29 November 1949 – 13 August 2021) was a Romanian composer, violist, and professor. He was Director of the Kuhmo Chamber Music Festival from 2005 until his death. Mendelssohn was born in Bucharest, Romania. He also composed the movie scores for Darclee and The Violin Player.

Mendelssohn died on 13 August 2021, aged 71.

References

1949 births
2021 deaths
Romanian composers
Violinists
Academics
People from Bucharest
Karl-Friedrich Haas (28 July 1931 – 12 August 2021) was a West German athlete. He was born in Berlin. He competed for West Germany in the 1952 Summer Olympics, where he won the bronze medal. Four years later he competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal.

Haas died on 12 August 2021 in Nuremberg, Germany, aged 90.

References

1931 births
2021 deaths
German Olympic bronze medalists
German Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Berlin
Competitors in athletics
Víctor Alfonso Sepúlveda Torres (3 April 1939 – 12 August 2021) was a Chilean professional footballer. He played as a midfielder. Sepúlveda was born in Santiago de Chile. He played for the Chile national football team four times from 1961 until 1964. He also played for Universidad de Chile, Unión Española and Huachipato. His career lasted from 1959 until 1970.

Sepúlveda died on 12 August 2021 at a nursing home in Viña del Mar, Chile from heart failure, aged 82.

References

1939 births
2021 deaths
Chilean footballers
People from Santiago
Deaths from heart failure
Claudio Ventura (15 August 1953 – 11 August 2021) was an Italian cinematic artist and editor. He was also Director of Karina-Films in Paris. He worked with 20th Century Studios on the movies The Longest Day and Let's Make Love. He edited the 1984 comedy-drama movie Just the Way You Are.

Ventura died on 11 August 2021 at the age of 67.

References

1953 births
2021 deaths
Italian artists
Editors
Victoria Paris (November 22, 1960 – August 10, 2021) was an American pornographic actress and model. She was born in Great Falls, Montana. Paris began her career in 1989 and retired in 2002. She was a nude model for Hustler magazine, High Society and Penthouse in 1988.

Paris died on August 10, 2021 at her home in Rexburg, Idaho from breast cancer, aged 60.

References

Other websites
 

1960 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from breast cancer
American pornographic actors
Models from Montana
Actors from Montana
People from Great Falls, Montana
The Longest Day is a 1962 American epic war movie, filmed in black and white. It is based on Cornelius Ryan's 1959 non-fiction book of the same name. It is about the D-Day landings at Normandy on June 6, 1944. 

It was produced Darryl F. Zanuck. 

It stars John Wayne, Kenneth More, Richard Todd, Robert Mitchum, Richard Burton, Steve Forrest, Sean Connery, Henry Fonda, Red Buttons, Peter Lawford, Eddie Albert, Jeffrey Hunter, Stuart Whitman, Tom Tryon, Rod Steiger, Leo Genn, Gert Fröbe, Irina Demick, Bourvil, Curd Jürgens, George Segal, Robert Wagner, Paul Anka, and Arletty.

References

1962 movies
1960s war movies
20th Century Fox movies
American epic movies
American war movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Ken Annakin
Movies directed by Andrew Marton
Movies directed by Bernhard Wicki
Kenneth Gilbert More, CBE (20 September 1914 – 12 July 1982) was an English actor. He was in Doctor in the House (1954),  Raising a Riot (1955),  The Admirable Crichton (1957), The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw (1958) and Next to No Time (1958).

References

1914 births
1982 deaths
Deaths from multiple system atrophy
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from Buckinghamshire
BAFTA Award winning actors
Maurice-Alexis Jarre (; 13 September 1924 – 28 March 2009) was a French composer and conductor. He composed the movie scores for Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and Dr. Zhivago. He also worked on The Train (1964), Mohammad, Messenger of God (1976), Lion of the Desert (1981), Witness (1985), Fatal Attraction (1987), and Ghost (1990).

Jarre won three Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards, four Golden Globe Awards, and a Grammy Award.

References

1924 births
2009 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
French conductors
People from Lyon
Academy Award winning composers
Golden Globe Award winning composers
BAFTA Award winners
Grammy Award winners
20th-century French composers
21st-century French composers
Kenneth Cooper Annakin, OBE (10 August 1914 – 22 April 2009) was an English movie director. He directed many Disney movies in the 1950s.

References

Other websites
 
 Ken Annakin biography at BFI Screenonline
 AP Obituary in the Los Angeles Times
 Obituary in The Times
 Obituary in The Guardian
 Obituary in The Independent
 Obituary in The Daily Telegraph
 

1914 births
2009 deaths
Movie directors from London
People from Yorkshire
Bernhard Wicki (28 October 1919 – 5 January 2000) was an Austrian actor and movie director.

Moives
 Die Brücke (1959)
 The Miracle of Father Malachia (1961)
 The Longest Day (with Ken Annakin and Andrew Marton) (1962)
 The Visit (1964)
 Morituri (1965)
  (1971)
 Karpfs Karriere (1971)
 The Conquest of the Citadel (1977)
  (1984)
 Sansibar oder Der letzte Grund (1987)
 Spider's Web (1989)

References

Other websites

Photographs and literature

1919 births
2000 deaths
Austrian movie directors
Austrian movie actors
Austrian television actors
Austrian stage actors
Jeffrey Hunter (born Henry Herman "Hank" McKinnies Jr.; November 25, 1926 – May 27, 1969) was an American actor and producer. He was known for his roles in movies such as The Searchers and King of Kings.

References

1926 births
1969 deaths
Deaths from intracranial hemorrhage
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New Orleans, Louisiana
The Chūetsu earthquake is an earthquake that occurred in Niigata Prefecture, Japan on October 23, 2004. The moment magnitude was 6.6. The quake killed 68 people.

2004 in Asia
Earthquakes in Japan
Earthquakes in the 2000s
Ágnes Hankiss (born Ágnes Erdős; 7 March 1950 — 17 August 2021) was a Hungarian politician. She was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 until 2014. She was a member of the European People's Party. Hankiss was born in Budapest. She was married to Elemér Hankiss.

Hankiss died on 17 August 2021 in Budapest, aged 71.

References

1950 births
2021 deaths
Former MEPs
Politicians from Budapest
MEPs for Hungary
Typhoon Durian (PAGASA : Typhoon Reming) was a large storm that hurt the Philippines and Vietnam in 2006. Many people died when mud slid down from the Mayon Volcano and covered many villages.

Natural disasters in Asia
2006 in weather
Anwar Hossain (1938 – 17 August 2021) was a Bangladeshi businessman and politician. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 1988 until 1990. He was the founder and chairman of Anwar Group. He was a member of the Jatiya Party. Hossain was born in Lalbagh Thana, Bangladesh.

Hossain died on 17 August 2021 in Dhaka, aged 83.

References

1938 births
2021 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Bangladeshi businesspeople
People from Dhaka
Kazenambo Kazenambo (6 July 1963 – 17 August 2021) was a Botswanan-born Namibian politician. He was a member of SWAPO. In 2004, he was elected to the National Assembly. He retired in 2014. Kazenambo was born in Maun, Botswana.

Kazenambo died in Windhoek, Namibia on 17 August 2021 from COVID-19 problems, aged 58.

References

1963 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Namibia
Botswana politicians
Namibian politicians
Embassy is a 1972 British spy thriller movie directed by Gordon Hessler and was based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Stephen Coulter. It stars Richard Roundtree, Chuck Connors, Max von Sydow, Broderick Crawford, Ray Milland, Marie-José Nat, David Bauer, Karl Held, Larry Cross.

Other websites

1972 thriller movies
1970s spy movies
British thriller movies
British action movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Gordon Hessler
Tulcán () is the capital of the province of Carchi in Ecuador and the seat of Tulcán Canton. The population of the city of Tulcán was 53,558 in the 2010 census.

References

Cities in Ecuador
Loja (), formerly Loxa  and fully City of the Immaculate Conception of Loja (), is the capital of Ecuador's Loja Province.

Other websites
Loja Area Map
Lojanos.com - Virtual community of Loja 
Official page of Loja municipality 
 
 www.cronica.com.ec

Cities in Ecuador
Sean Lock (22 April 1963 – 16 August 2021) was an English comedian and actor. He was a team captain on Channel 4 comedy panel show 8 Out of 10 Cats from 2005–2015, and on 8 Out of 10 Cats Does Countdown from 2012 to 2021. He was born in Chertsey, Surrey, England.

Lock was diagnosed with skin cancer in 1990. He died from cancer at his home in London on 16 August 2021, aged 58. He was diagnosed with lung cancer a few years before his death.

References

Other websites
 

1963 births
2021 deaths
Actors from Surrey
British stand-up comedians
Cancer deaths in England
Deaths from lung cancer
English comedians
English television actors
English television personalities
Go West, Young Lady is a 1941 American western comedy movie directed by Frank R. Strayer and starring Penny Singleton, Glenn Ford, Ann Miller, Charles Ruggles, Allen Jenkins, Jed Prouty, Onslow Stevens. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites

1941 movies
1940s western movies
1940s comedy movies
American western movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by Frank R. Strayer
Austin Vernon Mitchell  (19 September 1934 – 18 August 2021) was a British Labour Party politician and journalist. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Great Grimsby from 1977 until 2015. From 1979 until 1985, he was Opposition Whip. Mitchell was born in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire.

Mitchell died on 18 August 2021 in Leeds, West Yorkshire at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2021 deaths
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
Former Labour Party (UK) MPs
Politicians from Yorkshire
British journalists
Writers from Yorkshire
Evgeny Ellinovich Sveshnikov (; ; 11 February 1950 – 18 August 2021) was a Russian chess player and writer. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 1977. He was born in Cheliabinsk, Russian SFSR. Sveshnikov played in his first USSR Chess Championship when he was 17 years old.

Sveshnikov died on 18 August 2021 of problems caused by COVID-19 in Moscow at the age of 71.

References

1950 births
2021 deaths
Russian chess players
Russian writers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
So Ends Our Night is a 1941 American war drama movie directed by John Cromwell and was based on the 1939 novel Flotsam by Erich Maria Remarque. It stars Fredric March, Glenn Ford, Margaret Sullavan, Frances Dee, Anna Sten, Erich von Stroheim and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1942.

Other websites
 
 

1941 movies
1940s war movies
1940s drama movies
American war movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by John Cromwell
Sir George Ivan Morrison  (born 31 August 1945) is a Northern Irish Grammy Award-winning singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer whose recording career spans seven decades.

Morrison's solo career began in 1967 with the release of the hit single "Brown Eyed Girl". His first well known album was Astral Weeks (1968). While initially a poor seller, the album has become regarded as a classic. Moondance (1970) made Morrison famous.

Morrison has been honored into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Songwriters Hall of Fame. In 2016, he was knighted for services to the music industry and to tourism in Northern Ireland.

References

1945 births
Living people
British singer-songwriters
British rock singers
British R&B musicians
British folk musicians
British soul musicians
British jazz musicians
British rock guitarists
British saxophonists
British rock drummers
People from Belfast
British activists
Grammy Award winners
Mad, mad, or MAD may refer to:

Geography
 Mad (village), a village in the Dunajská Streda District of Slovakia
 Mád, a village in Hungary
 Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport, by IATA airport code
 Mad River (disambiguation), several rivers

Music

Bands
 Mad (band), a rock band from Buenos Aires, Argentina
 M.A.D (band), a British boyband
 M.A.D. (punk band), a 1980s band, which later became Blast
 Meg and Dia, an American indie rock band

Albums
 Mad (Raven EP), released in 1986
 Mad (Hadouken! EP), released in 2009
 Mad (GOT7 EP), released 2015

Songs
 "Mad" (Ne-Yo song),  2008
 "Mad", by Dave Dudley from Talk of the Town, 1964
 "Mad", from Secret Life of Harpers Bizarre, 1968 
 "Mad", by The Lemonheads from Lick, 1989
 "Mad", from the album Magnetic Man, 2010
 "Mad", by Cassie Steele, 2014
 "M・A・D" (Buck-Tick song), 1991

Organizations
 MAD Studio, an architectural firm
 Make A Difference, an Indian NGO
 Might and Delight, a Swedish video game development studio
 Militärischer Abschirmdienst, German military counterintelligence agency
 Museum of Arts and Design, New York City, US
 Mechanical Art and Design museum, in Stratford-upon-Avon

Science and technology
 MAD (programming language), for Michigan Algorithm Decoder
 Magnetic anomaly detector, detects minute variations in Earth's magnetic field
 Maritime anomaly detection in Global Maritime Situational Awareness, for avoiding maritime collisions
 Mathematicians of the African Diaspora, website highlighting mathematical contributions of members of the African diaspora
 Methodical Accelerator Design, a CERN scripting language
 Modified Atkins diet, a specific form of ketogenic diet
 Mothers against decapentaplegic, a gene discovered in Drosophila
 MPEG Audio Decoder, audio decompression software
 Multi-conjugate Adaptive optics Demonstrator, an astronomical method
 Multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion, a technique used in X-ray crystallography

Statistics
 Mean absolute deviation, a measure of the variability of quantitative data
 Mean absolute difference, a measure of statistical dispersion
 Median absolute deviation, a statistical measure of variability

Television and video
 Mad TV, a 1995–2009 American sketch comedy television series inspired by Mad magazine
 Mad (TV series), a 2010–2013 television series on Cartoon Network based on the magazine
 MAD TV (Greece), a Greek music channel
 M.A.D. (Indian TV programme), a 2005–2010 Indian children's educational television programme that aired on Pogo TV
 M.A.D., the evil organization run by Doctor Claw in Inspector Gadget
 "M.A.D." (Veronica Mars), a 2005 episode of the American television series Veronica Mars
 MAD, music anime douga, a Japanese term for fan-made anime music video

Other uses
 Mad (magazine), an American humor magazine
 Mad, a term for insanity used chiefly in British English
 Mad, a term for anger used chiefly in US English
 Mutual assured destruction, nuclear warfare deterrence concept
 Mandibuloacral dysplasia
 MAD Moroccan dirham (ISO 4217 code), the currency of Morocco
 mad, the ISO 639-2 code for the Madurese language
The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( ) was a state in Southeastern Europe. It existed from 1992 to 1995. It is the direct legal predecessor to the modern-day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

References

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Human bonding is the process of becoming close or having a close relationship between two or more people. It most commonly takes place between family members or friends, but can also happen between groups, such as sports teams.

Bonding usually means becoming attached to romantic partners, close friends, or parents and children. This bond can be seen through emotions such as affection and trust.

References

Emotions
Attention is the behavioral and cognitive process of concentrating on a specific piece of information. Attention has also been described as the allocation of limited cognitive processing resources.

References

Human behavior
Confidence is a the emotion of someone being happy of what they know, look like and feel like. A positive example, could be someone being happy of how and what they look like. A negative example can be someone thinking too much of themselves where they act rude and better than everyone else.

Related pages
 Arrogance
 Dunning–Kruger effect
 Megalomania
 Narcissism

References

Emotions
Contentment or Satisfaction is a pleasant or positive emotion, feeling or state of mind. Satisfaction is when a desire or a need is fulfilled. Satisfaction is when a person has nothing to complain about. Someone feels satisfied when they achieve a difficult goal. A person feels satisfied by accomplishment, recognition, invention and service. Someone can feel job satisfaction when they like their work. A person tends to feel satisfied by basic body functions. These can include eating, exercising, hygiene, sex or defecation. Some people feel satisfied when they get revenge for something that hurt them. Satisfaction is related to pleasure, gratification and contentment.

Contentment as an emotion  

Humans and many other mammals feel satisfaction. Sometimes a person lacks satisfaction. They may feel negative feelings such as discontent, emptiness, boredom or sadness. This is the opposite of satisfaction. It is called dissatisfaction. Dissatisfaction occurs when we fail at doing something many times. Dissatisfaction occurs when comparing yourself to another person. This is called social comparison theory. Ongoing dissatisfaction causes complacency, apathy and even depression.

Satisfaction does not occur automatically. Satisfaction is the process of coping with life. Humans are in a constant fight against dissatisfaction. The Dalai Lama spoke about this: 
"When you are discontent, you always want more, more, more. Your desire can never be satisfied. But when you practice contentment, you can say to yourself, "Oh yes—I already have everything that I really need."
If someone slips into total dissatisfaction, they might experience anguish. A person is more likely to be happy and satisfied if they learn how to control their negative experiences and to process positive thoughts. Usually, a person does not share their satisfaction with other people. That is called pride. 

Satisfaction, like all emotions, is a motivator of behavior. Satisfaction is an important part of one's quality of life. In positive psychology, researchers are studying what gives a person satisfaction in life.
Delayed gratification is a part of satisfaction. Delayed gratification is when a person chooses long-term rewards over immediate rewards. Delayed gratification is also when a person prioritizes long-term objectives over closer targets. When a person delays gratification, they feel satisfied. 

Psychologists say that life satisfaction and well-being are the two main ingredients of happiness.

Satisfaction and happiness 
Satisfaction is different from happiness. Satisfaction refers to a particular situation or state of mind. Satisfaction is often temporary. Happiness is a prolonged condition.

Hedonism
Satisfaction is different from hedonism. A hedonist seeks pleasure or enjoyment above everything else. Satisfaction is not about doing things simply to feel pleasure. Satisfaction is not self-indulgent.

Related pages 
Happiness
Pleasure

References

Other websites 
 Can’t Get No Satisfaction? The Buddha and Nietzsche Can Help
 The United States of Satisfaction

Emotions
Cruelty is pleasure in causing suffering to other living things or even themselves. Sadism can also be related to this as it means someone really enjoying this. Cruel ways of causing suffering may involve violence.

For example, if a person is drowning and begging for help and another person is able to help with no cost or risk, but watches happily. Bertrand Russell said that "the [causing] of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists. That is why they invented Hell."

References

Emotions
Acute stress disorder (ASD, also known as acute stress reaction, psychological shock, mental shock, or simply shock) is a psychological response to a terrifying, traumatic, or surprising event. The American Psychiatric Association first introduced it to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders in 1994. 

Acute stress disorder is not fatal, but it may bring stress if not treated. ASD typically occurs within one month of a traumatic event. It lasts at least three days and can persist for up to one month. People with ASD have symptoms similar to those seen in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Patients with acute stress disorder may benefit from psychological first aid. This offers practical assistance; and helping the patient get social support and other services.

Symptoms 
ASD symptoms fall under five broad categories:

 Intrusion symptoms. These occur when a person is unable to stop revisiting a traumatic event through flashbacks, memories, or dreams.
 Negative mood. A person may experience negative thoughts, sadness, and low mood.
 Dissociative symptoms. These can include an altered sense of reality, a lack of awareness of the surroundings, and an inability to remember parts of the traumatic event.
 Avoidance symptoms. People with these symptoms purposefully avoid thoughts, feelings, people, or places that they associate with the traumatic event.
 Arousal symptoms. These can include insomnia and other sleep disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and irritability or aggression, which can be either verbal or physical. The person may also feel tense or on guard and become startled very easily.

Causes 
A traumatic event can cause significant physical, emotional, or psychological harm.

 the death of a loved one
 the threat of death or serious injury
 natural disasters
 motor vehicle accidents
 sexual assault, rape, or domestic abuse
 receiving a terminal diagnosis
 surviving a traumatic brain injury

References

Emotions
Saudade (, , , ; plural saudades) is a deep emotional state of nostalgic or melancholic thinking for something or someone that one cares for and/or loves. It can be caused by someone thinking about something happy, sad or angry from their childhood. It can also bring someone good memories and comfort.

References

Emotions
Resentment (also called ranklement or bitterness) is an emotion that can mean many things that has been seen as a mixture of disappointment, disgust, anger, and fear.

It can be someone reaction to injustices or something unfair that has happened in their life. It can also be cause by guilt, someone feeling guilty over something happening that they felt they could have controlled.

References

Emotions
A wrong (from Old English  – 'crooked') is an act that is illegal or immoral. What is wrong can be seen or talked about in laws. They can be seen as crimes or can be seen as someone just having false information.

References

Human behavior
The Cusco gladiator tree frog (Boana gladiator) is a frog that lives in Peru, in Cusco and Puno.  Scientists have seen it between 1097 and 1975 meters above sea level in cloud forests.

The adult male frog is 3.5 to 4.9 cm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 4.8 to 5.5 cm long. Like other gladiator tree frogs, the male Cusco gladiator tree frog has a spike on each front foot that it uses to fight other males.  The female frog lays eggs in streams.

This frog is in danger of dying out.  One reason is that human beings cut down the trees in the forests where the frogs live.  Another is that the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infects the frogs.  This illness makes their skin thick so the frog cannot let water pass through it.  The chemicals in the frog's blood turn bad, and the frog has a heart attack and dies.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Social rejection happens when a person or group of people are not allowed to be part of a interpersonal relationships or social interactions. A person can be rejected by individuals or an entire group of people. This can be caused by bullying and by ignoring a person, or being silent around them.

References

Emotions
In social science, a social relation or social interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals. They can be both positive (affiliative) and negative (agonistic) interactions, showing opposing effects.

Social relationships are a special case of social relations that can exist without any communication taking place between the actors involved.

References

Human behavior
Politeness is the teaching or acting of good manners so as not to offend others. What is thought to be polite may be different or event rude depending on many cultures.

Types
 Negative politeness: Making a request less rude, such as "If you don't mind..." or "If it isn't too much trouble..."
Non-assertive politeness: when a person does not stop from making a comment or pushing their beliefs during a discussion.
Assertive politeness: when a person offers their opinion in a positive way to be assistive and helpful during an interaction. Or
 Positive politeness: Seeks to create a positive relationship between people.

Some cultures seem to prefer one of these kinds of politeness over the other. In this way politeness is culturally bound.

Other websites

 Model Citizenship Real-life Examples of Civil Politeness
 Sociolinguistics: Politeness
 Sociolinguistics: Politeness in Spanish
 wiki project in comparative politeness: European Communicative Strategies (ECSTRA) (directed by Joachim Grzega)
Politeness, BBC Radio 4 discussion with Amanda Vickery, David Wootton & John Mullan (In Our Time, Sep. 30, 2004)

Human behavior
Respect, also called esteem, is a positive feeling or action shown towards someone or something that are important. It shows a sense of admiration for good or valuable qualities. It is also the process of honoring someone by showing care, concern, or consideration for their needs or feelings.

References

Related pages
Dignity
Solidarity

Human behavior
Kindness is a type of behavior that shows generosity, thinking of another person, or concern for others, without wanting a reward. Kindness was one of the main topics in the Bible. Nietzsche considered kindness and love to be the "most curative herbs" for humans. Many believe that God is the same as kindness.

References

Emotions
The International Islamic University Malaysia (; ), also known as IIUM, is a public university in Malaysia. Its main building is in Gombak, Selangor. It has six other campuses all over Malaysia: two medical-centric campuses and a Centre for Foundation Studies in Gambang, Pahang, two city campuses in Kuala Lumpur, and a language & tourism campus in Pagoh, Johor.

References

Colleges and universities in Asia
Malaysia
Cranberry juice is the liquid juice from cranberries. Cranberry juice sold in stores usually has sugar and water added. Some has other fruit juices.

The terms cranberry juice cocktail and cranberry juice blend mean products have between 25% and 49% cranberry juice. The rest comes from different fruit juice concentrate (usually peach, grape or raspberry), also having added sugar to improve taste. Low-calorie cranberry juice products contain artificial sweeteners. Cranberry juice is tart due to its mixed content of polyphenols. Those include flavonoids, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. 

Although many people believe that cranberry juice helps prevent urinary tract infections, it has no such proven effect. This was determined by the Cochrane review during completed clinical research. The scientific panel of the European Food Safety Authority said a cause-and-effect relationship could not be established between cranberry juice and urinary tract infections.

Consuming cranberry juice and nutrition
Cranberry juice is 86% water, 26% carbohydrates, and less than 1% fat or protein. A cup of regular (fortified) cranberry juice (248 grams or 8 ounces) has 107 calories. It has vitamin C as an ingredient to preserve freshness. Other micronutrients may be added during manufacturing. Other than vitamin C and folate having more than 10% of the Daily Value, a typical serving of cranberry juice has no micronutrients in significant content.

One half cup of cranberry juice has 60 calories, 20% of the Daily Value for vitamin C. That counts as one-half of a fruit serving toward the United States MyPlate daily nutrition guide.

Effect on health 
Cranberry juice is an acidic drink with a pH of about 2.6. Some cranberry juice products have large amounts of sugar used in manufacturing. This makes the drink taste better. Drinking cranberry juice may increase the risk of hyperglycemia and reduced control of blood glucose in people with diabetes or glucose intolerance.

References

Fruit juices
The 1943 Ashford by-election happened on 10 February 1943.  The by-election happened because the current MP, Patrick Spens was made Chief Justice of India. Conservative candidate Edward Percy Smith won the election. Percy Smith won with 69.7% of the vote.

References 

1943 in Europe
Kent
Elections in the United Kingdom
The Pacific swift (Apus pacificus)  is a member of the Swift family (Apodidae). It has four subspecies. The number of pacific swifts is unknown. They live in East Asia and Oceania.

This bird is medium-sized.  its body is 18 to 21 cm long and it is 40-42 cm wide from wingtip to wingtip.  Its feathers are mostly black, but it has a band of white feathers on its rear end.  Its tail is forked, or split into two pieces.  It can fly at least 300 m up in the air.  It looks for food over open areas, towns, grasslands or even sand dunes near the ocean.  It eats insects that it catches in the air.

Distribution 
The pacific swft has a large range of nearly 10 million square kilometers (3.8 million square miles). These birds live throughout the eastern Asia from the Ob River northeast to Kamchatka and east to the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin and Japan.

References

Birds
Animals of Asia
Animals of Oceania
The Cassandra Crossing is a 1976 disaster thriller movie directed by George Pan Cosmatos, produced by Carlo Ponti and starring his wife Sophia Loren, Richard Harris, Ava Gardner, Martin Sheen, Burt Lancaster, Lee Strasberg and O. J. Simpson. The movie is about a disease-infected Swedish terrorist who infects a train's passengers with the pneumonic plague as they travel across Europe and head to a crumbling arch bridge.

The reviews from the movie critics were very negative. In the movie-review website Rotten Tomatoes, the movie has a low score of 30% based on ten reviews.

The Cassandra Crossing, however, still made money at the box office, which was more than the movie budget. The producers claimed that they covered the production costs of the movie out of Japan alone.

The movie was shot in Switzerland, Czechoslovakia and France.

Related pages 
 Bioterrorism

References

Other websites 
 
 
 
 
 

1976 drama movies
Disaster movies
Italian drama movies
British drama movies
German drama movies
Italian thriller movies
British thriller movies
German thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Europe
Movies composed by Jerry Goldsmith
Movies about terrorism
Movies about diseases
Movies directed by George P. Cosmatos
Robert "Bob" Boyle II (born May 18, 1971) is an American animator whose known for Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!.

Works 
 The Fairly OddParents 
 Wow Wow Wubbzy
 Ying Yang-Yo 
 The Powerpuff Girls (2016 revival)

Related works 
 Nutri Ventures: The Series - Developer, English dub (2013-2021)

Other websites
  
                                                                                         
                                                                                              

American animators
American television directors
American television producers
1971 births
The Powerpuff Girls
Cartoon Network
American television writers
Living people
Verbosity or verboseness is writing that uses more words to describe something than the amount needed. The opposite of it is plain language. Some teachers don't like verbosity and tell people not to use it. 

Grammar
Writing
Rhetoric
Abhay Kumar(Abhay K)(born 1980) is an Indian poet-ambassador. Now he is the Ambassador to Madagascar and Comoros. He has been diplomate in Russia, Nepal and Brazil also. His published books are The Seduction of Delhi, The Eight-Eyed Lord of Kathmandu, The Prophecy of Brasilia, The Alphabets of Latin America. He has edited books like CAPITALS,100 Great Indian Poems,100 More Great Indian Poems, New Brazilian Poems, The Bloomsbury Anthology of Great Indian Poems,The Bloomsbury Book of Great Indian Love Poems. He has translated “Meghaduta” and “Ritusamhara” of Kalidasa into English from Sanskrit.

Various Anthems 
His Earth Anthem has been translated into over 100 languages.It was played at the United Nations to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Earth Day. He also wrote an anthem for SAARC. He wrote a 'Moon Anthem' to celebrate the success of India's Moon Mission Chandrayaan-2. He also wrote a 'Mars Anthem' and anthems on all the planets in the Solar System.He recorded his poems at the Library of Congress. He received the SAARC Literary Award.He was nominated for the Pushcart Prize in 2013.

Early Life 
He was born in Rajgir in Nalanda district of Bihar. He studied at Jawaharlal Nehru University and Delhi University. He studied Russian language and literature at the Moscow State University, U.S. foreign policy at George Washington University.He can speak Hindi, English, Russian, Nepali, Portuguese,French and Sanskrit.

Career 
Kumar has served at the Ministry of External Affairs of India. He also served at the Indian missions in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kathmandu and Brasilia. He was appointed Director of the Nehru Centre, London in March 2015.He was appointed as India's Deputy High Commissioner to Australia in 2015.He currently serves as India's Ambassador to Madagascar and Comoros. He also proposed International Day of Diplomats on the United Nations Day.

As a Poet 
Abhay Kumar's first book was “River Valley to Silicon Valley(2007). He has published eight collections of poetry. Abhay Kumar's poems have appeared in several magazines and literary journals. His poems have also been included in a number of anthologies including A Poem A Day edited by Gulzar (Harper Collins|2020), The Younger Indian Poets edited by Sudeep Sen(Sahitya Akademi|2019), 100 Great Indian Poems (Bloomsbury|2018), and The Himalayan Arc edited by Namita Gokhale (Harper Collins|2018).

Awards 
Pushcart Prize Nomination-2012

SAARC Literary Award

Asia- Pacific Exellence Award

External Link 
Official Website

References 

1980 births
Living people
Indian poets
Olav Akselsen (28 August 1965 – 17 August 2021ref>Akselsen, Olav (1965-2021), stortinget.no:  "Født 28.08.1965 i Stord, Hordaland, Død 17.08.2021")</ref>) was a Norwegian Labour politician. He was Minister of Petroleum and Energy from 2000 to 2001. He was a member of the Storting from 1989 until 2009. He was born in Stord, Norway.

Akselsen died on 17 August 2021 in Oslo at the age of 55.

References

1965 births
2021 deaths
Norwegian politicians
Stord is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland. Stord is the 68th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 18,759.

References

Municipalities of Norway
Simão Sessim (8 December 1935 – 16 August 2021) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Progressistas Party. In 1979, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. He retired in 2019. Sessim was born in Rio de Janeiro. From 1973 until 1977, he was the Mayor of Nilópolis.

Sessim died on 16 August 2021 in Rio de Janeiro from COVID-19, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2021 deaths
Brazilian politicians
Brazilian lawyers
People from Rio de Janeiro
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Nilo Procópio Peçanha (; 2 October 1867 – 31 March 1924) was a Brazilian politician. He was the 7th President of Brazil. He was Governor of Rio de Janeiro State (1903–1906), then elected Vice President of Brazil in 1906.

References

1867 births
1924 deaths
Vice Presidents of Brazil
Presidents of Brazil
Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (; 30 November 1847 – 14 June 1909) was a Brazilian politician who served as President of Brazil between 1906 and 1909. He was the first president to die in office. Pena died of pneumonia on 14 June 1909.

References

1847 births
1909 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Vice Presidents of Brazil
Presidents of Brazil
Brian Patrick Burns (July 12, 1936 – August 12, 2021) was an American businessman, lawyer and philanthropist. He was a well known leader of the Irish-American community. He collected many pieces of Irish art. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and spent his career both in Boston and San Francisco, California.

In December 2016, then President-elect Donald Trump wanted to nominate Burns as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. However, in June 2017, Burns withdrew his name because of his health.

Burns died on August 12, 2021 in Palm Beach, Florida one month after his 85th birthday.

References

1936 births
2021 deaths
Lawyers from San Francisco
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from Boston, Massachusetts
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Politicians from San Francisco
Politicians from Boston, Massachusetts
US Republican Party politicians
Lawyers from Boston
Texas is a 1941 American western movie directed by George Marshall and starring William Holden, Glenn Ford, Claire Trevor, George Bancroft, Addison Richards, Edgar Buchanan, Andrew Tombes, Don Beddoe, Edmund MacDonald. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1941 movies
1940s western movies
American western movies
Movies directed by George Marshall
The lema tree frog (Boana lemai) is a frog that lives in Venezuela and Guyana.  Scientists have seen it between 600 and 1400 meters above sea level.

References

Frogs
Animals of South America
Marco the Magnificent is a 1965 French Italian Egyptian Afghan Serbian adventure movie directed by Denys de la Patellière and starring Omar Sharif, Anthony Quinn, Horst Buchholz, Orson Welles, Akim Tamiroff, Elsa Martinelli, Robert Hossein, Guido Alberti.

Other websites
 

1965 movies
1960s adventure movies
French movies
Italian movies
Egyptian movies
Afghan movies
Serbian movies
Movies directed by Denys de la Patellière
Ann Zhang (born 21 June 1957) is a retired Chinese short track athlete and coach, who worked as the coach of the Australian short track team from 1996 to 2014.

Zhang Yuanyuan was born in Beijing on 21 June 1957. 

Zhang, living in Brisbane, Australia, began her coaching career as the junior coach of the New South Wales selection in 1992. Four years later she was promoted to become the Australia national coach. At that time, the country's short track team had already achieved considerable success, including the first medal for Australia at the Winter Olympics, a bronze medal in the relay at the Games in Lillehammer in 1994. After Zhang took over the team, an Australian short tracker was able to finish fourth in the Short Track World Cup in 1996. Zhang achieved her greatest successes as a coach at the Olympic Games. The short track team was successful in the 2002 Games in Salt Lake City. Very surprisingly, Steven Bradbury won the first Winter Olympics gold medal for his country.

Other websites 

 

Women
1957 births
Chinese people
Australian people
Muhammad Junaid (popularly known as Junaid Babungari, , 8 October 1953 – 19 August 2021) was a Bangladeshi Deobandi Islamic scholar, educator, writer, researcher, Islamic speaker and spiritual figure. He was the Amir of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh from 2020 until his death. 

His followers called him 'Majlum Janneta', 'Qaed-e Millat' and the 'Uncompromising Sipahsalar'. He went to jail for leading the Hefazat movement in 2013. Babunagari was born in Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Junaid died on 19 August 2021 in Chittagong from a stroke caused by diabetes at the age of 67.

References

1953 births
2021 deaths
Bangladeshi educators
Bangladeshi writers
Researchers
Islamic religious leaders
Deaths from stroke
Deaths from diabetes
The CPN (Unified-Socialist) () is a political party in Nepal. The party was officially announced and registered at Election Commission, Nepal on 18 August 2021. Madhav Kumar Nepal is the coordinator of the new party. As of August 2021, the this party was junior ally in Deuba government.

Formation 
The President of Nepal issued second amendment on political parties related act on 18 August 2021. This opened the way to formalize the splits inside the dispute between two factions of Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal and CPN(UML) respectively. The CPN(UML) faction led by Madhav Kumar Nepal, which had a long dispute with CPN(UML) chairman KP Sharma Oli, registered their party by the name 'CPN-UML (Socialist)' with the Election Commission. At the time of the launch of the CPN-UML (Socialist), the party claimed to have 31 members in the two national houses of parliament.

A Central Committee with 95 members was announced as well. Madhav Kumar Nepal would act as the coordinator of the party.

References 

Communist parties in Asia
Political parties in Nepal
Ludwig Anders Ahgren (; born July 6, 1995) is an American Twitch streamer, YouTuber, and esports commentator. He was born in Hollis, New Hampshire. Ahgren is best known for his livestreams on Twitch. He is also known for his work as an esports commentator at many Super Smash Bros. Melee tournaments. Ahgren has become one of the largest streamers on Twitch.

From March 22, 2021 to May 12, 2021, Ahgren was the most subscribed streamer on Twitch.

References

1995 births
Living people
American YouTubers
American sports commentators
People from New Hampshire
Twitch (service) streamers
Copywriting is the act of writing persuasive text that is used for advertising and marketing. This is the job of a copywriter. There are seven types of copywriting depending on the field in which the copywriter is to work: 

 Creative copywriting: creating ideas for advertising.
 Digital copywriting: describing the website menu, writing instructions for using the website, etc.
 Marketing copywriting: texts closely related to advertising and building brand awareness and customer engagement.
 SEO copywriting:includes the copywriting categories mentioned above, but additionally there is the aspect of SEO optimization of the texts.
 Technical copywriting: covers the production of all specialist texts requiring appropriate technical knowledge.

Examples 
 Nike's "Just Do It" - skyrocketed Nike's sales from $800 million to more than $9.2 billion, in just 10 years.
 California Milk Processor Board's "Got Milk?" - increased milk sales in California and has spawned a lot of parodies since its launch.
 Apple's "Get a Mac" - the Mac vs PC campaign generated 42% market share growth in its first year alone.

References
Pamela Dawber (born October 18, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for her lead television sitcom roles as Mindy McConnell in Mork & Mindy (1978–1982) and Samantha Russell in My Sister Sam (1986–1988).

References

1951 births
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Singers from Detroit, Michigan
Actors from Detroit, Michigan
The Lubyanka (Russian: Лубя́нка, IPA: [lʊˈbʲankə]) is the headquarters of the FSB and a prison on Lubyanka Square in  Moscow.  It was previously the national headquarters of the KGB; Soviet hammers and sickles can be seen on the building's façade.

Lubyanka was built on the spot where Catherine the Great had once headquartered her secret police.
Lubyanka was originally built in 1898 as the headquarters of the All-Russia Insurance Company. In Soviet days it became the place suspected traitors were taken for interrogation. 

The building became famous as the HQ of the KGB, both in reality and in novels and films. A prison on the ground floor of the building figures prominently in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's The Gulag Archipelago. 

This was where, successively, the Cheka, the OGPU, the NKVD and the KGB, did their work.

References 

Buildings and structures in Moscow
Charlevoix ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,513 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Charlevoix County.

References

County seats in Michigan
Cities in Michigan
West Caldwell is a township located in the West Essex area in northwestern Essex County, New Jersey. It is about   west of Manhattan and  northwest of Newark. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 10,759.

References

Townships in New Jersey
Monosexism is the belief that monosexuality is superior over other sexual orientations, such as bisexuals, omnisexuals, polysexuals and pansexuals. Some people think that bisexuals are promiscuous.

It describes a specific discrimination that includes biphobia and panphobia as an extension of heterosexism, enforcing androphilia and gynephilia as an strict dichotomy.

Related pages 
Superiority bias

References 

Discrimination
The monkfruit, or luohan guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) is a herbaceous plant from the gourd family. It is native to southern China and northern Thailand. The plant is used to get something called mogrosides, which is sweeter than table sugar. It has been used as a low-calorie sweetener for drinks and in traditional Chinese medicine.

Overview 
The plant is a vine that is about 3-5m long. The narrow, heart-shaped leaves are 10–20 cm long. The fruit is round, 5–7 cm in diameter, smooth, yellow-brownish or green-brownish in color.

The fleshy inside of the fruit is eaten and the rind is used for making tea. The fruit is mostly known for being very sweet.

References 

Cucurbitaceae
Fruits
Verwood is a town and civil parish in eastern Dorset, England.

Dorset
Civil parishes in England
Ethan Francis Cutkosky (born August 19, 1999) is an American actor and singer, best known for his roles as Barto in The Unborn and as Carl Gallagher on the Showtime series Shameless.

1999 births
American television actors
Living people
American models
American movie actors
Child actors
People from Illinois