cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
ASUSTeK Computer Inc., usually referred to as ASUS, is a computer hardware and electronics company. It was founded in Taipei in 1989 by T.H. Tung, Ted Hsu, Wayne Hsieh and M.T. Liao. ASUS is the world's fifth-largest PC vendor by 2013 unit sales (after Lenovo, Hewlett-Packard, Dell and Acer).

Name 
The name ASUS originates from Pegasus, the winged horse of Greek mythology.

Products
ASUS's products include laptops, tablet computers, desktop computers, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), servers, computer monitors, motherboards, graphics cards, sound cards, optical disc drives, computer networking devices, computer cases, computer components and computer cooling systems.

Republic of Gamers (ROG)
Republic of Gamers is a brand used by ASUS since 2006, encompassing a range of computer hardware, personal computers, peripherals, and accessories oriented primarily toward PC gaming. The line includes both desktops and high-spec laptops.

References

1989 establishments in Taiwan
Companies based in California
Companies of Taiwan
Taipei
Acer Inc. is a Taiwanese multinational hardware and electronics corporation headquartered in Xizhi, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

In 2013 Acer was the fourth largest personal computer vendor in the world.

Products

Business desktops
 Acer Veriton series

Business notebooks
 Acer TravelMate series
 Acer Extensa series

Chromebooks
Acer AC700
Acer C710
Acer C720 (2GB)
Acer C720 (4GB)
Acer C720P

Computer displays
 G Series
 P Series
 H Series
 X Series
 B Series
 V Series
 S Series
 T Series
 D Series
 MO Monitor TV series

Consumer desktops

 Acer Aspire Desktop series
 Acer Aspire Predator series

Consumer notebooks
 Acer Aspire Notebook series
 Acer Aspire Timeline series
 Acer Ferrari products series
 Acer Iconia

Home network solutions
 Acer Clear.fi

Mobile phones
 Acer CloudMobile
 Acer Allegro (WP8)
 Acer Tempo series
 Acer Liquid series
 Acer beTouch
 Acer neoTouch
 Acer Stream
 Acer E110
 Acer DX
 Acer F
 Acer Iconia
 Acer T
 Acer X960

Netbooks

 Acer Aspire One series
 Ferrari One

Nettops
 Acer Aspire Revo

Projectors
 Professional series
 Home series
 Travel series
 Value series

Servers and storage
 Acer server F1 series
 Tower series: T110 F1, T115 F1, T150 F1, T310 F1, T350 F1;
 Rack series: R160 F1, R180 F1, R320 F1, R360 F1, R380 F1, R385 F1, R585 F1;
 Blade series: B2x285 F1, B2x280 F1, B460 F1;
 Gemini series: B1170 F1, B2170 F1, B2170t, B2175 F1
 Home Server Series: H340, H341, H342, Altos Easystore M2
 Acer storage series
 N500 F1, N1600 F1, HNAS3080, GS2040, AMS2100, AMS2300

Tablets

 Acer Iconia Tab series
 Acer Aspire Switch 10. This is a 2-in-1 tablet with detachable keyboard. It was launched in 2014 and runs Windows 8.

Television
 AT Series

Other (discontinued devices)
 Digital cameras
 Personal digital assistants
 Automotive navigation systems
 Acer PICA

References

Technology companies of Asia
1976 establishments in Asia
Taipei
Companies of Taiwan
20th-century establishments in Taiwan
Feza Gürsey (April 7, 1921 – April 13, 1992) was a Turkish mathematician and physicist. Among his most prominent contributions to theoretical physics,  his works on the Chiral model  and on SU(6)  are most popular.

Publications

 (With Chia-Hsiung Tze) On the Role of Division, Jordan, and Related Algebras in Particle Physics (1996),

Awards and honors

1969 Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) Science Award
1977 Oppenheimer Award together with Sheldon Glashow
1977 A. Cressey Morrison Prize together with R. Griffiths in Natural Sciences
1979 Einstein Medal
1981 Collège de France Award
1984 Honorary title of "Commendatore" by Italy
1986 Wigner medal administered by the Group Theory and Fundamental Physics Foundation
1989 Award of Association of Turkish - American Scientists and Engineers
1990 Galatasaray Foundation Award

The Feza Gürsey Institute in Istanbul and Feza Gürsey Science Center in Ankara are named in his honor.

Related pages
 List of Turkish scientists

References

Other websites
 Feza Gürsey Institute  (official web site)
 Feza Gürsey 

1921 births
1992 deaths
Mathematicians
People from Istanbul
Theoretical physicists
Turkish scientists
Herding is the act of bringing individual animals together into a group (herd). It is maintaining the group and moving the group from place to place. Many thousands of years ago herding became a way of life for many nomadic people. Today it is still a necessity for farmers, ranchers and those who raise domestic animals.

Herds 
Some animals instinctively gather together as a herd. A group of animals fleeing a predator will herd together for protection. Some predators, such as wolves and dogs, have instinctive herding abilities that come from primitive hunting instincts. But there can be a fine line between chasing and herding. Dogs that show basic herding instincts can be trained to compete in herding and stock dog trials. It's a sport that dogs and their owners can enjoy together.

Herding is used in agriculture to manage domesticated animals. Herding can be performed by people or dogs trained to control the movement of livestock under the direction of a person. Animals such as cattle, sheep and goats are commonly herded by humans and dogs. Also herd dogs may be used to gather and herd turkey, geese, ducks and chickens.

Herd dogs 
Originally dogs were used to both herd and guard domestic animals. Over time dogs were bred to specialize in one or the other. Herd guardians or guard dogs became the 24-hour protector of the flock. Herd dogs were developed to keep the herd together. Herding dogs are critical to Australian and British sheep farms.

Herd dog breeds 
Herding dog breeds are typically intelligent, all-work and full of energy.
 Australian Kelpie is a highly intelligent herding breed that can work with little or no guidance. One of the most heat tolerant dogs.
 Australian Cattle Dog is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia to herd cattle. Will nip at their heels to move cattle.
 Belgian Shepherd Dog (Malinois) is a breed of herding dog. They also excel as police dogs, personal protection dogs, bomb and drug detection dogs.
 Border Collie is one of the most intelligent dog breeds used for herding all kinds of livestock.
 German Shepherd (called an Alsatian in Great Britain and parts of Europe) is one of the most popular herd dogs. They work as police dogs, detection dogs and in search and rescue dogs as well as many other roles. 
 Old English Sheepdog originally a drover (herd dog) used to drive sheep to market. A large intelligent good-natured dog is often a family pet.
 Pyrenean Shepherd is a small French herding dog that is highly intelligent and lightning-fast. An excellent sheep herding dog.

Herding occupations 
People who work with agricultural animals have different occupational names. This is based on the type of animal they work with or names that vary by country.
 A shepherd is someone who looks after sheep.
 A cowboy is someone who works on a ranch. Often they herd cattle.
 A Gaucho (Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil and Chile) is similar to a cowboy and often work with cattle.
 A goatherd or goatherder is a person who herds goats.

References 

Agriculture
Continental AG is a leading German automotive manufacturing company specializing in tires, brake systems, automotive safety, powertrain and chassis components, tachographs, and other parts for the automotive and transportation industries. Continental is based in Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany.

Continental was founded in 1871 as a rubber manufacturer, Continental-Caoutchouc und Gutta-Percha Compagnie.

Continental is the world's 4th largest tire manufacturer.

References

1871 establishments in Europe
Companies of Germany
Hanover
1870s establishments in Germany
The Church of Sweden Youth () is the children's and youth group of the Church of Sweden. It was established on 1 January 1993. The establishment came follwoing a merger of several youth groups within the denomination. In 2013 there were 13 000 members of various ages.

A merger was proposed alread in 1964. However, it didn't become reality until a meeting on 6 December 1992.

Chairpersons
Following people have been chairpersons.

1993-1994 - Gunilla Casserstedt Lundgren
1994-1997 - Helena Karlsson
1997-2001 - David Sundén
2001-2005 - Erik Persson
2005-2009 - Maria Wingård
2009-2013 - Johan Berkman
2013 - Amanda Carlshamre

References

Other websites
Official website 

1993 establishments in Europe
Church of Sweden
Uppsala
1990s establishments in Sweden
Honda Pilot is a mid-sized four-door crossover utility vehicle. It was first made in 2002 as a 2003 model. The vehicle replaced Honda's compact SUV the Passport, which was actually a rebadged Isuzu Rodeo. The Pilot is built on the Accord platform, which also underpins the Odyssey minivan and the Ridgeline pickup truck.

The vehicle was redesigned in 2009. It has three rows of seats. The vehicle has limited off-road capability but does allow wading through nineteen inches of water. The Pilot was Honda's largest crossover up until the introduction of the Crosstour, a station wagon based SUV built on the Accord platform. While it is longer than the Pilot it doesn't allow seating for 7-8 passengers.

The Pilot has been compared with other crossover cars and sport utility vehicles.

The Pilot was redesigned in 2015 for the 2016 model year. It no longer has a boxy crossover look. It now looks more like the Honda Odyssey. Its 6-cylinder engine is now more powerful and mated to 6- and 9-speed automatic transmissions.

References

Other websites

 Official Honda Pilot Site
 Latest Honda Pilot Overview & Pictures

2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Pilot
The Holmes Brothers was a musical trio originally from Christchurch, Virginia. They perform blues, soul, gospel, country, and rhythm & blues music. Its members include Sherman Holmes, Popsy Dixon and Wendell Holmes.

Career
They began playing in 1979. They were influenced by B.B. King. They have released twelve studio albums, with three reaching the top 5 on the Billboard Blues Albums chart. They have gained a following by playing regularly at summer folk, blues, gospel, and jazz festivals. Members are brothers Wendell and Sherman Holmes with drummer Popsy Dixon.

Members
As of 2015, Sherman Holmes resides in Saluda, VA and is the last surviving member of the band. Popsy Dixon died of bladder cancer on January 9, 2015. A few months later, Wendell Holmes died on June 19, 2015 from a pulmonary embolism.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 

1970s American music groups
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American blues musicians
American soul musicians
Musical groups established in 1979
1979 establishments in the United States
1970s establishments in New York (state)
Musical groups from New York
Musical groups from Virginia
Musical trios
Vocal music
Musical groups disestablished in 2015
2010s disestablishments in New York (state)
2015 disestablishments in the United States
1970s establishments in Virginia
Michael Parks (Harry Samuel Parks; April 4, 1938 – May 9, 2017) was an American actor and singer. He was known for his roles in Kill Bill and in Django Unchained.

Parks died on May 10, 2017 in Los Angeles at the age of 77.

References

Other websites

1938 births
2017 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Riverside County, California
Singers from California
William James Remar (born December 31, 1953), known professionally as James Remar, is an American actor and voice actor. He is known for his roles in Sex and the City, The Warriors, 48 Hrs., The Cotton Club, Mortal Kombat: Annihilation, Vampire Diaries, and in Dexter.

References

Other websites

1953 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Dennis Christopher (born Dennis Carrelli; December 2, 1955 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American movie actor. He is known for his roles in Breaking Away, It and in Fade to Black. He also appeared as Leonide Moguy in Django Unchained.

References

Other websites

1955 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
The Daytona International Speedway is a race track in Daytona Beach, Florida. It is where the two exhibition races, the Advance Auto Parts Clash, Can-Am Duel, and the two points-paying races, the Daytona 500 and Coke Zero Sugar 400 is held. The track is also where the Rolex 24 at Daytona is held, and also two Xfinity Series races and one Camping World Truck Series race.

History 
Daytona speedway was built in 1959. Races had been held on the hard sandy beach since 1902. Racing on the beach ended in 1959 when Daytona International Speedway opened. Bill France, Jr. was behind the construction of the speedway. The first race was won by Lee Petty in a field of 59 cars. In 1962, the first major race on the road course was held. It was won by Grand Prix driver Dan Gurney driving a red Lotus. Near the end of the race and with a 2 minute lead, his engine failed. He coasted across the finish line to win.

By the 1960s, the sportscar race was made into a 24 hour race. This required multiple drivers for each car and involved a long period of racing at night. Both races grew in popularity in the 1970s and 80s. Today the Daytona 500 is an important race in NASCAR. The Rolex 24, which is named that because it is sponsored by the Rolex watch company, is an important endurance race.

Related pages 
 Indianapolis Motor Speedway
 Circuit Gilles Villeneuve
 Texas Motor Speedway
 Charlotte Motor Speedway
 Atlanta Motor Speedway
 Michigan International Speedway
Kansas Speedway
 Richmond Raceway
 Bristol Motor Speedway
 Talladega Superspeedway
 ISM Raceway
 Las Vegas Motor Speedway
 Auto Club Speedway
 Bristol Motor Speedway
 Martinsville Speedway
 Pocono Raceway

References

Other websites 
 Daytona International Speedway
 Daytona International Speedway Map  

NASCAR tracks
Daytona Beach, Florida
1959 establishments in Florida
Hank Flamingo was an American country music group formed in 1988.

Discography
Studio albums
 Hank Flamingo (1994)

References 

1980s American music groups
1988 establishments in the United States
1990s American music groups
Country bands
Musical groups established in 1988
Musical groups from Tennessee
Robert Stone (August 21, 1937 – January 10, 2015) was an American novelist and journalist. He won the National Book Award for Fiction in 1975 for his novel Dog Soldiers. He was also twice a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize and once for the PEN/Faulkner Awards.

Stone was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was raised by his mother, who suffered from schizophrenia, until the age of six and was later raised in a Catholic orphanage. As a result of chain smoking, he had emphysema.

Stone died from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on January 10, 2015 in Key West, Florida, aged 77.

References

Other websites
 

1937 births
2015 deaths
American novelists
Deaths from COPD
Disease-related deaths in the United States
Journalists from New York
Writers from New York City
Brad Stephen "Taylor" Negron (August 1, 1957 – January 10, 2015) was an American writer, actor, painter, and stand-up comedian. His best known movies were Fast Times at Ridgemont High (1982), The Last Boy Scout (1991), Angels in the Outfield (1994), Bio-Dome (1996), and Stuart Little (1999). He appeared in television shows such as Wizards of Waverly Place, Fresh Prince of Bel Air, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Reno 911, Friends, My Wife and Kids, Seinfeld, ER, and Party of Five.

Negron was born in Glendale, California. He grew up in La Cañada Flintridge, California. He was of Puerto Rican ancestry. He was also the cousin of singer Chuck Negron. He was openly gay.

Negron died from liver cancer on January 10, 2015 in Los Angeles. He was 57.

References

Other websites
 
 

1957 births
2015 deaths
Actors from Glendale, California
LGBT people from California
American movie actors
American painters
American stand-up comedians
American television actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Comedians from Los Angeles County, California
Deaths from liver cancer
LGBT actors
LGBT artists
LGBT comedians
LGBT writers
Writers from Los Angeles County, California
Chen-Ning Franklin Yang (born October 1, 1922), also known as Yang Zhenning, is a Chinese-born American physicist and mathematician. He works on statistical mechanics and particle physics. Yang and Tsung-dao Lee received the 1957 Nobel prize in physics. This was for their work on parity nonconservation of weak interaction.

Awards
Nobel Prize in Physics (1957)
Rumford Prize (1980)
National Medal of Science (1986)
Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture and Medal (1988)
Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences of the American Philosophical Society (1993)
Bower Award (1994)
Albert Einstein Medal (1995)
Lars Onsager Prize (1999)
King Faisal International Prize (2001)

References 

1922 births
Living people
American agnostics
Nobel Prize in Physics winners
American theoretical physicists
Chinese Nobel Prize winners
Hawaiian Airlines, Inc. is Hawai'i's largest airline and the eighth largest airline in the United States.  The airline's name comes from its headquarters, which are in Honolulu, Hawaii. The airline flies between the major Hawaiian islands.  These are Kaua'i, O'ahu, Moloka'i, Maui, Lanai, and the Big Island of Hawai'i.  Hawaiian also flies to more distant locations, such as the U.S. mainland, Japan, Korea, and Australia.  These flights arrive and depart from Oahu and Maui.

Hawaiian is the oldest U.S. airline without a fatal accident. It is also the oldest U.S. airline that has never had a plane destroyed or damaged beyond repair.

History

Inter-Island Airways

Hawaiian was incorporated as Inter-Island Airways on January 30, 1929.  It gave sightseeing tours over Oahu.  On November 11, 1929, it began flying between Honolulu and Hilo. Inter-Island began flying two Sikorsky S-38  amphibious flying boat. Each carried eight passengers. They added larger Sikorsky S-43s six years later for more passengers and mail service.

Name change to Hawaiian Airlines
In 1941 Inter-Island Airways Ltd. changed its name to Hawaiian Airlines.  In 1966, Hawaiian started using jets to fly between the islands.  The jets were much faster and quieter than the propeller planes it was using.  In 1984, Hawaiian began flying between Honolulu and the South Pacific.  It also started flying between Honolulu and the U.S. West Coast.

Aircraft and logo change
In 1966, Hawaiian added all-jet aircraft, the McDonnell Douglas DC-9. Flying time between islands was reduced to 20–30 minutes. In 2002-03, Hawaiian replaced its planes with better ones.  The new planes used less fuel to fly the same distances.  It also changed the design on the tails of its planes.  The airline also started flying to more locations. Today it flies approximately 212 flights a day.

References

Additional reading 
 Gradidge, J.M. The Convairliners story. 1997. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd .
 Gradidge, Jennifer. ''DC-1, DC-2, DC-3 - The First Seventy Years. 2006. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. .

Other websites

Hawaiian Airlines official website

1929 establishments in the United States
Airlines of the United States
Companies based in Hawaii
Honolulu
"Without Me" is the first single off American rapper Eminem's fourth studio album The Eminem Show. The song was released in May 14, 2002. 

Without Me is one of Eminem's most popular songs. It was able to peak at #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. 

In 2003, the song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Record of the Year at the 45th Annual Grammy Awards but it lost to "Don't Know Why" by the Norah Jones. This made was the first song by Eminem to be nominated for a Grammy in a major category. The song was also nominated for Best Male Rap Solo Performance but lost to Nelly's "Hot in Herre". The music video for the song won the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video.

References

Other websites
 "Without Me" on YouTube
 

2002 songs
Eminem songs
Grammy Award winning songs
"The Way I Am" is the second single off American rapper Eminem's third studio album The Marshall Mathers LP. The song was released in December 27, 2000. The song is also featured on his 2005 greatest hits album Curtain Call: The Hits.

The Way I Am was able to peak at #58 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. 

The song features Eminem being angry at people who he feels are putting too much pressure on him. This includes obsessive fans and record executives. The song contains the lyrics "When a dude's gettin bullied and shoots up his school...", which is a reference to either Eric Harris or Dylan Klebold, the two students that committed the Columbine High School massacre which took place the year before. The song was remixed by Danny Lohner featuring Marilyn Manson, who has also performed the song with Eminem live on stage. In 2008, Eminem released an autobiography which was titled The Way I Am.

References

Other websites
 "The Way I Am" on YouTube
 
 Full lyrics of this song  at MetroLyrics

2000 songs
Eminem songs
Eva Charlotte Dahlgren ( in English; born 9 June 1960 in Umeå, Sweden) is a Swedish pop singer and songwriter.

Discography
(In parentheses, peak positions in Swedish Albums Chart) 

1978: Finns det nån som bryr sig om (#23)
1980: Eva Dahlgren (#25)
1981: För väntan (#2)
1982: Tvillingskäl (#8)
1984: Ett fönster mot gatan (#2)
1984: Känn mig
1987: Ung och stolt (#2)
1989: Fria Världen 1.989 (#3)
1991: En blekt blondins hjärta (#1)
1992: Eva Dahlgren (English language version of En blekt blondins hjärta)
1992: För minnenas skull (double CD) (1978–1992) (#10)
1995: Jag vill se min älskade komma från det vilda (#2)
1999: Lai Lai (#1)
1999: LaLaLive (#5)
2005: Snö (#2)
2007: En blekt blondins ballader (1980–2005) (#1)
2007: Petroleum och tång (#3)
Compilation albums
2012: Tid - Urval av sånger 1980 till nu
2012: Original Album Classics

Singles
(In parentheses, peak positions in Swedish Singles Chart) 

1989: "Ängeln i rummet" (#4)
(English-language version: "Angel in My Room")
1991: "Gunga mig" (#40)
1991: "Vem tänder stjärnorna"	(#4)
(English-language: "I'm not in Love with You")
1991: "Kom och håll om mig" (#27)
(English-language: "Just Want You to Love Me")
1994: "Tro på varann" Uno Svenningsson and Eva Dahlgren (#22)
1999: "Underbara människa" (#41)
2005: "När jag längtar" (#17)
2006: "Äventyr" (EP) (#58)
2008: "Himlen är inget tak" (Eva Dahlgren and Peter Jöback) (#36)

References

Other websites

Eva Dahlgren Online  
Official website 

1960 births
Living people
Swedish writers
Molly Sandén, born July 3, 1992 in Stockholm, Sweden is a Swedish pop and R&B singer, host and voice actress. She has scored chart successes in Sweden . Her sisters Frida and Mimmi Sandén are also singers.

Discography

Albums 
2009: Samma himmel
2012: Unchained

Singles 
2006: Det finaste någon kan få (Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006)
2007: Allt Som Jag Kan Ge (Stage Junior 2007)
2007: Du Är Musiken I Mig (You Are The Music In Me) feat. Ola (High School Musical 2)
2008: Just Här, Just Nu (Right Here, Right Now) feat. Brandur (High School Musical 3)
2008: Keep on (Movin')
2009: Så vill stjärnorna (Melodifestivalen 2009)
2011: Spread a Little Light
2012: Why am I Crying (Melodifestivalen 2012)
2012: Unchained/Mirage
2014: Freak

Featured in

Artists collaboration 
2006: "Julens tid är här" with Magnus Carlsson (Spår i snön)
2012: "A Little Forgiveness" feat. Christopher (Unchained)

Filmography and Swedish-language dubbing 
2007: High School Musical 2 as Gabriella Montez (song)
2008: High School Musical 3 as  Gabriella Montez (song)
2010: Tangled as Rapunzel (voice and song)
2012: Good Luck Charlie as Teddy Duncan
Television
2011: Lemonade Mouth as Olivia White

Radio and TV programmes 
 2010 – My Camp Rock Scandinavia 2
 2012 – Lilla Melodifestivalen 2012
 2013 - "Ja'mie: Private School Girl"

Awards and nominations 
2012: Blog Awards - Won "Blog rocket of the year"
2012: Rockbjörnen - Nominated "Female live artist of the year" - Lost against Loreen

References

Other websites

 Official Site 

1992 births
Living people
Singers from Stockholm
Actors from Stockholm
Siv Pettersson, born 3 March 1955 in Saint Matthew Parish, Stockholm, Sweden, dead 12 January 1975 in Eriksfält Parish, Malmö, Sweden was a Swedish singer. She scored a major 1972-1973 Christmas hit with the song "Låt mig få tända ett ljus (Schlafe, mein Prinzchen, schlaf' ein)". In 1974 she socred aa minor success with Evert Taube's song "Så länge skutan kan gå". She died in a road accident.

Discography

Albums
Siv Pettersson - 1972
I dur och moll - 1973
Låt mig få tända ett ljus, compilation album (1977)

Singles
Vår egen bit av världen/Vem är du och vem är jag - 1972
Sommar kom, vinter gå/Jag går i tusen tankar - 1973
Qua la linta/Jag fallre för trumpet - 1973
Nu är det din tur/Så länge skutan kan gå - 1974
Jag längtar bara efter att få komma hem/Det måste finnas någon värld - 1974

Svensktoppen songs
Låt mig få tända ett ljus (Schlafe, mein Prinzchen, schlaf' ein) - 1972-1973
Det måste finnas någon värld - 1974
Så länge skutan kan gå - 1974

References 

1955 births
1975 deaths
Singers from Stockholm
Road accident deaths
"Hit 'Em Up" is a diss song by American rapper 2Pac. The song also features his group the Outlawz. It was released on June 4, 1996. The song is the B-side for the song "How Do U Want It", released on June 4, 1996, from 2Pac's fifth studio album All Eyez on Me.

The song attacks many East Coast rappers and mainly attacks 2Pac's former friend and rival The Notorious B.I.G. The song was a big part in causing the East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry to worsen. "Hit 'Em Up" is considered to be one of the greatest "diss songs" ever recorded because of the explicit lyrics and the seriousness of violent intent by 2Pac and his friends towards their rivals. 

Producer Johnny "J" said that Shakur was first fueled by his anger against Biggie and Bad Boy Records because he thought that they had a part in the November 30, 1994 ambush and attack on Shakur. Shakur was also angry at Biggie's release of "Who Shot Ya?" only months after the shooting happened, and even though it did not mention his name, Shakur believed that it was directed towards him, but it was not. Shakur admitted that he had released "Hit 'Em Up" as a response to "Who Shot Ya?", almost two months after the 1994 ambush.

References

Other websites
"Hit 'Em Up" on YouTube

1996 songs
Tupac Shakur songs
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. The US state of Maryland decided to tax all banknotes by banks not chartered by the state of Maryland. The only bank in Maryland at the time that did not have a state charter was the Second Bank of the United States. The bank was a branch of the federal bank established in 1816.

Background 
The United States Constitution did not provide for judicial review of laws and court decisions. It was a power the US Supreme court assumed (took) for itself with its first landmark decision. In the decision Marbury v. Madison (1803) the court established its "power to say what the law is". The court gave itself the right to interpret the constitution.

In 1819 it was evident Maryland was targeting the US Bank. Most state banks resented the special privileges given to the US bank by Congress. The depression of 1818 was hurting state banks. The state charged a tax on the US Bank located in Baltimore. The branch manager was James McCulloch. He had refused to pay the state of Maryland $15,000 USD in taxes on the US Bank's currency. At that time states were battling with the Federal government over which had power over the other. Maryland sued James McCulloch. The state court upheld the decision he had to pay the tax. The court of appeals upheld the decision. McCulloch appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1819.

The decision 
There were two questions the court needed to decide. Did Congress have the power to charter a federal bank? The next question was did Maryland have the right to tax a branch of the federal government. Was this constitutional? The court ruled that the federal government did have the power to set up a federal bank. Also, that a state did not have the right to tax the federal government.

Results of the decision 
For the Second Bank of the United States, the decision was short-lived. In 1828 Andrew Jackson was elected President of the United States. It was a victory for states' rights. Jackson vetoed the bill to recharter the bank. But the Civil war effectively ended states rights. The constitutional changes that followed favored a strong federal government. In the 20th century, McCulloch v. Maryland was the basis for the federal government being strongly involved in the economy. It set the legal precedent that the federal law was more important than state law in all matters.

References 

United States Supreme Court cases
United States law
1819
1810s in the United States
Mauveine was also known as aniline purple and Perkin's mauve. It was the first synthetic organic chemical dye, discovered by accident in 1856.

History

In 1856, William Henry Perkin, then 18, was given a challenge by his professor to synthesize quinine. His professor, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, was the first director of the Royal College of Chemistry in London.

In one attempt, Perkin oxidized aniline using potassium dichromate. This failed, but cleaning the flask with alcohol, Perkin noticed the alcohol had turned purple.

The dye turned out to be suitable for silk and other textiles. It was patented by Perkin, who the next year opened a dyeworks mass-producing it at Greenford on the banks of the Grand Union Canal in London.  

It was originally called aniline purple or Tyrian purple, the name of an ancient natural dye got from a mollusc.  In 1859, the colour got the name mauve in England from the French name for the mallow flower, and chemists later called it mauveine. By 1870, the huge demand dropped when other colours were launched in the synthetic dye industry. Mauvine was the first of many.

The structure of mauveine was not fully identified until 1994.

References 

Chemical compounds
Chennai Express is a 2013 romantic action comedy movie. It was directed by Rohit Shetty. It was produced by Red Chillies Entertainment.

Plot
Rahul's (Shah Rukh Khan) trip to fulfill his late grandfather's last wish turns into an unexpected adventure when he meets a unique young woman (Deepika Padukone) from southern India.

Cast
 Deepika Padukone as Meenalochni "Meena" Azhagusundaram
 Shah Rukh Khan as Rahul Mithaiwala
 Nikitin Dheer as Tangaballi
 Sathyaraj as Durgeshwara Azhagusundaram
 Priyamani (special appearance in "1 2 3 4 Get on the Dance Floor")
 Mukesh Tiwari as Inspector Shamsher
 Kamini Kaushal as Rahul's grandmother
 Puvisha Manoharan as Meenalochni`s cousin
 Lekh Tandon as Rahul's grandfather
 Yogi Babu as Sri Lankan smuggler
 Jasper as Henchman
 King Kong as a passerby
 Rakesh Kukreti as Bobby, Rahul's friend

References

Other website

  (archive)
 

Indian movies
2013 action movies
2013 comedy movies
2013 romance movies
2010s romantic comedy movies
Rohit Shetty is an Indian movie director. He has created a number of movies like the Golmaal films, Singham, and more. His most successful movie has been Chennai Express.

Personal life
He was born to Ratna Shetty, a Bollywood junior artiste, and M. B. Shetty. He has four siblings.

References

Indian movie directors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sofia Albertina Church () a church building in Landskrona in Sweden. It belongs to the Landskrona Parish of the Church of Sweden. It was opened in 1788. However the two towers were not completed until 1816.

References

Other websites

 

Church of Sweden churches
A Landmark decision, or Landmark court decision, establishes new precedents that establish a significant new legal principle or concept. Or it changes the interpretation of existing law. In Commonwealth countries, a reported decision is said to be a leading decision. This is when it has come to be generally regarded as settling the law of the question involved. 

A landmark decision is "a most important case which has establish a law firmly in an area, usually referring to a U.S. Supreme Court case." A landmark decision may have either long-term or short-term significance. Politics, economics or other changes in society may reduce the effects of a landmark decision. A landmark decision is one that changes an entire area of the law during a period of time.

The United States Constitution did not provide for judicial review of laws and court decisions. It was a power the US Supreme court assumed (took) for itself with its first landmark decision. In the decision Marbury v. Madison (1803) the court established its "power to say what the law is". The court gave itself the right to interpret the constitution.

References 

United States Supreme Court cases
United States law
The Cecilia Church () a church in Vilhelmsro outside the town of Jönköping in Sweden. It was built between 1880 and 1881 as a church for the Vilhelmsro Nursing Home. It is named after Ebba Ramsay's youth friend Cecilia Willerding. The church was opened in 1903 by Diocese of Växjö bishop Herman Lindström. It later came under supervision by the Vicar of Jönköping. It was renovated in 1963. It later came under the Jönköping County Council. It was then transferred to municipal public housing in Vätterhem. Vätterhem would often rent it out for worship services, including weddings.

In 2014 it was purchased by the Romanian Orthodox Church of Sweden.

References 

Churches in Sweden
Sophie, Countess of Wessex (born Sophie Helen Rhys-Jones; born 20 January 1965) is the wife of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex. She assists her husband in his royal duties. She married him in 1999.

Rhys-Jones was born at John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford,  She was daughter of  Christopher Rhys Jones and Mary,

She was raised in Brenchley, Kent, She married with Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex in 1999, They have two children, Lady Louise Windsor and James, Viscount Severn, They are lived in Bagshot Park in Surrey.

References

Other websites
 

House of Windsor
People from Kent
People from Oxford
Princes and princesses
1965 births
Living people
Frans Bolweg (30 March 1950 – 10 January 2015) was a Dutch sailor, scout, speaker, National Race Officer, and since 1995 International Judge. Bolweg was Amsterdam, Netherlands. Bolweg had a short career, in Clipper, Europe and Laser, as regatta sailor however developed himself into a race organizer.

Bolweg died of eye cancer in Monnickendam, Netherlands, aged 64.

References

1950 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in the Netherlands
Deaths from eye neoplasm
Sailors
Sportspeople from Amsterdam
Jack French Kemp (July 13, 1935May 2, 2009) was an American politician and a collegiate and professional football player. A Republican, he served as Housing Secretary in the administration of President George H. W. Bush from 1989 to 1993.

Kemp was known for being a top adviser to President Ronald Reagan. He helped Reagan pass the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. Some people say that he helped create the Reagan Revolution during the 1980s.

Kemp served nine terms as a congressman for Western New York's 31st congressional district from 1971 to 1989. He was the Republican Party's nominee for Vice President in the 1996 election, where he was the running mate of presidential nominee Bob Dole.

Kemp had previously contended for the presidential nomination in the 1988 Republican primaries.

Kemp died of cancer of unknown primary origin in Bethesda, Maryland, aged 73.

References

Other websites

 NCAA's 100 most influential student-athletes
 Kemp Partners
 Excerpt from October 1996 Kemp-Gore Debate
 Remarks from Vice Presidential nomination acceptance
 Summary of political positions from his own words
 New York Times obituary
 Jack Kemp at Findagrave
 Obituary in the Baltimore Sun
 Jack Kemp - Daily Telegraph obituary

1935 births
2009 deaths
Cancer deaths in Maryland
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
Politicians from Los Angeles
Politicians from New York
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Sportspeople from New York
United States representatives from New York
United States Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development
1988 United States presidential candidates
US Republican Party politicians
Walter P. Kistler (1918 – November 5, 2015) was a Swiss-American physicist, inventor, and philanthropist. He was born in Biel, Switzerland.  Kistler is a life member of the Swiss Physical Society and a member of AIAA and ISA, which presented him the Life Achievement Award in 2000.

He held patents on more than 50 inventions in the scientific and industrial instrumentation fields, and has published a number of papers published in scientific and trade journals.

Other websites
Foundation For the Future

'

1918 births
2015 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Swiss scientists
Swiss philanthropists
Swiss businesspeople
American physicists
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from California
Searchlight is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated town in Clark County, Nevada, United States, at the topographic saddle between two mountain ranges. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 539.

References

Census-designated places in Nevada
Unincorporated communities in Nevada
Sir Basil John Mason, CB, FRCP, FRCPEd, FRFPS, FRS (18 August 1923 – 6 January 2015), better known as John Mason, was an expert on cloud physics and former Director of the UK Meteorological Office.  He was born in Docking, Norfolk.

References

1923 births
2015 deaths
British scientists
People from Norfolk
The Cher is a river in central France. It is a left tributary of the Loire River. It flows through several regions of France.

The Cher and Loir-et-Cher departments are named after this river.

Geography
The Cher is  long. Its drainage basin covers .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Tours, Indre-et-Loire (1966 - 2017), near its mouth.

Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Tours

Course
The Cher starts in the Massif Central, in the Mérinchal municipality, Creuse department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It starts at an altitude of about .

The Cher flows, in general, to the northwest. It goes through the following regions, departments and communes:

 Nouvelle-Aquitaine region
 Creuse: Auzances.
 Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region
 Puy-de-Dôme: Château-sur-Cher.
 Allier: Montluçon, Vallon-en-Sully, Meaulne.
 Centre-Val de Loire region
 Cher: Ainay-le-Vieil, Bouzais, Saint-Amand-Montrond, Châteauneuf-sur-Cher, Colombiers, Corquoy, Crézançay-sur-Cher, Drevant, Épineuil-le-Fleuriel, Farges-Allichamps, Foëcy, La Groutte, Lapan, Lunery, Méry-sur-Cher, Nozières, Orval, La Perche, Quincy, Saint-Florent-sur-Cher, Saint-Caprais, Saint-Georges-de-Poisieux, Saint-Georges-sur-la-Prée, Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes, Thénioux, Vallenay, Venesmes, Vierzon
 Loir-et-Cher : Angé, Bourré, La Chapelle-Montmartin, Châtillon-sur-Cher, Châtres-sur-Cher, Châteauvieux, Couddes, Faverolles-sur-Cher, Gièvres, Mareuil-sur-Cher, Mennetou-sur-Cher, Monthou-sur-Cher, Montrichard, Pouillé,Selles-sur-Cher, Saint-Aignan, Saint-Georges-sur-Cher, Saint-Julien-sur-Cher, Seigy, Thésée, Villefranche-sur-Cher.
 Indre : Chabris
 Indre-et-Loire : Athée-sur-Cher, Azay-sur-Cher, Bléré, Chenonceaux, Chisseaux, Civray-de-Touraine, La Croix-en-Touraine, Dierre, Larçay, La Riche, Saint-Avertin, Saint-Genouph, Savonnières, Tours, Véretz, Villandry.

At its end, the Cher flows into the Loire River at the bec du Cher ("beak of the Cher") in the Regional nature park Loire-Anjou-Touraine (Parc naturel régional Loire-Anjou-Touraine) in Villandry. That is about  west of the city of Tours, in the Indre-et-Loire department, at  of altitude.

Main tributaries
The main tributaries, with a length greater than 50 km, of the Cher are:

Left tributaries:
 Tardes - 77.3 km;
 Arnon - 150.5 km;
 Fouzon - 59 km;

Right tributaries:
 Aumance - 56.3 km;
 Yèvre - 80.6 km;
 Sauldre - 183.1 km;

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

Notes

References 

Rivers of France
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Centre-Val de Loire
Nine Months is a 1995 American romantic comedy movie based on French movie Neuf mois. The movie is about a child psychologist having a romance with a ballet teacher. Julianne Moore plays Rebecca Taylor. Hugh Grant plays Samuel Faulkner. Joan Cusack plays Gail Dwyer.

The movie was released in July 1995. It earned back USD$138 million. Critics did not like the movie.

Other websites
 
 
 
 

1995 comedy movies
1995 romance movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
American movie remakes
American romantic comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in California
Pregnancy movies
Movies directed by Chris Columbus
Jack Thompson (born July 25, 1951) is an American activist and former lawyer. He is known for being an activist against sex and violence in video games. He has also fought against rap music, mainly because of its obscenity.

In July 2008, Thompson was permanently disbarred, meaning his license to be a lawyer was taken away. That was done because of bad behavior and saying things that were not true to tribunals.

Thompson was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

References

Lawyers from Cleveland, Ohio
American activists
Businesspeople from Cleveland, Ohio
1951 births
Living people
Brooklyn Decker (born April 12, 1987) is an American fashion model and actress. She appeared on Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue in 2010. She played Samantha Shane in the 2012 movie Battleship.She also played the part of Sklyer in   What to Expect When You Are Expecting.

Decker was born in Kettering, Ohio.

References

American movie actors
Models from Ohio
Actors from Ohio
Actors from Charlotte, North Carolina
1987 births
Living people
Kaolinite or Kaolin is a clay mineral. It is in a group with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as kaolin or china clay.

The name is after Kao-Ling, a village near Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, China. The name entered English in 1727 from the French kaolin, used in a Jesuit priest's reports from Jingdezhen. In Africa, kaolin is sometimes known as kalaba or calaba.

Kaolinite is a soft, earthy, usually white mineral (dioctahedral phyllosilicate clay). It is produced by the chemical weathering of aluminium silicate minerals like feldspar. In many parts of the world, it is colored pink-orange-red by iron oxide, giving it a distinct rust hue. Lighter concentrations yield white, yellow or light orange colors. Alternating layers are sometimes found, as at Providence Canyon State Park in Georgia, United States. Commercial grades of kaolin are supplied and transported as dry powder, semi-dry noodle or as liquid slurry.

Kaolinite is said to have a low shrink-swell capacity and a low cation-exchange capacity, which makes it ideal for various industrial applications.

Kaolin is a main ingredient in making porcelain. Its main industrial use now is in manufacturing paper, especially whiter high-gloss papers. It is also used in toothpastes, make-up and paint.

References 

Minerals
The Pyrenean Sheepdog is a medium-small breed of dog. It comes from the South of France, in the Pyrenees Mountains. The Pyrenean Shepherd is a herding dog.  The breed in the northern part of the mountains, where the climate is colder, was originally long-haired and all white.  In the Basque area of Spain, the smaller breed of the dog was primarily used to protect the sheep from bear and wolf attacks.

History 

They may have been a companion of Cro-Magnon man. Pictographs of a similar looking dog were found at Lascaux. They are an ancient and intelligent breed and the Phrenean Shepherd is one of the oldest existing dog breeds. They have been used since the middle ages to help with livestock.
  
The breed became popular for a time with French royalty. This is when the son of XIV was in Barèges, France and became fond of a Pyrenees. He took it back to live with him in Louvre in Paris.

In the 1880s, Queen Victoria owned one of the great white dogs.  It was at that time that the British Kennel Club recognized the Pyrenean Mountain Dog as a breed. In the 1930s two puppies were brought to Needham, Massachusetts and bred which helped to save the species. The Pyrenean Shepherds were used to carry packs during World War I.

Appearance 
The Pyrenean Shepherd has many different looks. The breed is either smooth-faced or rough-faced. One type, common today, is said to look like a cross between a Collie and a teddy bear.

References

Other websites 
 Pyrenean Shepherd PetGuide

Agriculture
Pyrenees
Jessica Rose "Jessie" James Decker (born April 12, 1988) is an Italian-American country-pop singer-songwriter. Her first album, Jessie James, was released in August of 2009. 

Jessie James was born in Vicenza, Italy.

References

American country musicians
American pop singers
American singer-songwriters
Italian singers
People from Veneto
1988 births
Living people
The Smyrna Church Habo () is a church building in the locality of Habo in Sweden. It belongs the Evangelical Free Church in Sweden. It was inaugurated on First Advent Sunday 1975.

References

Other websites
official website 

Churches in Sweden
Habo
1975 establishments in Europe
1970s establishments in Sweden
The Saint Sava Serbian Orthodox Church () is a church building in Enskede gård in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It was taken into use in 1991. However it was not officially inaugurated until 5 October 2014.

References

Other websites

aint Sava Parish official website 

Churches in Stockholm
Asecs, earlier A6 center, is a shopping mall in the town of Jönköping in Sweden. The shopping mall was opened on 2 April 1987. That was following the 1985 disestablishment of the Småland Artillery Regiment.

The shopping mall is located on both the northern and the southern side of the E4 motorway. These parts are connected with a covered bridge that spans across the motorway. Major parts of the shopping mall are located at this bridge. The bridge also houses McDonald’s restaurant. From that restaurant, the motorway can be seen.

The mall changed its name  spelling-wise to Asecs on 26 October 2017.

Asecs can also be reached by train. The closest stationen is at Rocksjön.

References

Other websites
official website 

Bridges
Buildings and structures in Jönköping
Malls
Nyköpingsbro is a rest area with restaurants. It is located near the E4 motorway southwest of the town Nyköping in Sweden. The facility was opened in 1986. The facility is built as a covered bridge restaurant.

References

Other websites

1986 establishments in Sweden
Swedish restaurants
Gävlebro is a rest area with a restaurant, located near the E4 motorway outside Gävle in Sweden. It was opened in 1987. The facility is built as a covered bridge restaurant.

References 

1987 establishments in Sweden
Swedish restaurants
The platy fish is a small tropical fish that is found naturally in the warm waters of America. Today, platys are very popular as pets.

Platys are small fish. They grow to 2.5 centimeters. Their come from America. They live there in creeks, canals, ditches and swamps. These habitats have lots of plants, stones and branches to hide in. Platys like a tank with live plants on the sides and back. They hide in the plants. They also eat them. Their tank should have good lighting and lots of open area in the center for swimming.

Food 
Platy will eat almost anything that fits into its mouth. As pets, they eat can fish flakes. They can also eat frozen or live food like daphnia or bloodworms. In the wild platy fish will eat algae and plants.

Aquarium fish
The Ansgar's Church () was a church building in Vättersnäs in the town of Jönköping in Sweden. It belonged to the Uniting Church in Sweden.

It was inaugurated on 17 October 1965. The church was destroyed by a fire on 3 August 2021.

According to a police report published on 12 August the same year a lightning strike caused the fire.

References

Other websites
official website 

Churches in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Jönköping