cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Nation of Domination (NoD) was a professional wrestling stable (a group of wrestlers who work together) in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). The group was based on the Nation of Islam. It was created in the WWF by Faarooq. There were usually no more than four or five members of the NoD at any one time but as members left or became injured, other wrestlers would replace them. Members of the NoD included Rocky Maivia (The Rock), Crush, Savio Vega, D'Lo Brown, Ahmed Johnson, Kama Mustafa, Mark Henry and Owen Hart. The NoD separated in October of 1998.

The NoD fought mainly against Degeneration X, led by Triple H.

In wrestling 
 Entrance themes
"We Are The Nation 97" by Jim Johnston (1996–1998)
"Nation (Know Your Role Quote)" by Jim Johnston (March 1998–November 1998)
 Championships
WWF Intercontinental Championship (one time) (The Rock)
WWF European Championship (two times) (D'Lo Brown)

References

Other websites
Crush's WWE profile
The Rock's WWE profile
Faarooq's WWE profile
Mark Henry's WWE profile
Savio Vega's WWE profile
The Godfather's WWE profile

WWE teams and stables
was the 71st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in 1068 and ended in 1073.

This 11th century sovereign was named after Emperor Sanjō and go- (後), translates literally as "later." He is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Sanjō". The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Sanjō, the second," or as "Sanjo II."

Traditional narrative
His personal name (imina) was .

He was the second son of Emperor Go-Suzaku, and his mother was Empress Sadako, the third daughter of Emperor Sanjō. This made him the first Emperor in 170 years whose mother was not of the Fujiwara family.

Events of Go-Sanjō's life 
 22 May 1068 (Jiryaku 4, 19th day of the 4th month): In the 4th year of Emperor Go-Reizei's reign, he died at age 44; and the succession (senso) was received by a his son.  Soon after, Emperor Go-Sanjo accepted the monarch's role and duties and powers  (sokui).  This was confirmed in ceremonies.

 1069 (Enkyū 1): Go-Sanjō ordered the creation of a government land records office.

 1070 (Enkyū 2):  Go-Sanjō ordered a preliminary system of laws and a bureaucracy for regulating silk.

 1072 (Enkyū 4): Go-Sanjō was interested in strengthening the finances of the Imperial Household.

 18 January 1072 (Enkyū 4, 8th day of the 12th month): In the 6th year of Emperor Go-Sanjō's reign, the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his son.  Soon after, Emperor Shirakawa accepted his new role in the monarchy (sokui).
 11 May 11 (Enkyū 5, 21st day of the 4th month): Go-Sanjō became a Buddhist priest.
 15 June 1073 (Enkyū 5, 7th day of the 5th month): Former-Emperor Go-Sanjō died at the age of 40.

Era names 
The Japanese era names (nengō) of his reign were
 Jiryaku (1065-1069)
 Enkyū (1069-1074)

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Insei

Notes and references

Emperors of Japan
was the 1st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.   Jimmu is known as the  founder of the Imperial dynasty.

There are no certain dates for this emperor's life or reign.  The names and sequence of the early emperors were not confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

Traditional history 
Jimmu is almost certainly a legend.  His name and genealogy are recorded in the Kojiki and Nihonshoki.  Jimmu is regarded as a direct descendant of the Shinto sun goddess, Amaterasu.

During reign of Emperor Jimmu, the capital of Japan was at Kashiwabara, Yamato at the foot of Mt. Unebi.

Events of Jimmu's life 

The absence of information about Jimmu does not mean that he did or did not exist. There is very little data about the rulers of Japan before the reign of Emperor Bidatsu

The traditional story is that Jimmu came from Kyushu to Yamato Province on the island of Honshu.  The story explains that he followed a three legged crow.  He established his reign at Kashihara near Osaka.

After his death 

This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Jimmu.

The actual site of his grave is not known.  According to the Imperial Household Agency, the emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) in Kashihara at Nara. The mausoleum is located a short distance from Kashihara Shrine.

National holiday 
In 1872, the Meiji government declared that February 11, 660 BC was the exact date on which the reign of Jimmu began.  This was identified as the start of the Japanese nation. This mythical date was commemorated as the holiday Kigensetsu ("Era Day").  This national holiday was celebrated from 1872 to 1948.
 
The Kigensetsu events in 1940 were special.  They celebrated what was believed to be 2,600 years since the start of Emperor Jimmu's reign.

There has been a similar Japanese national holiday since February 11, 1966.  It is called National Foundation Day (Kenkoku Kinen no hi).

Related pages 
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Japanese Imperial year

References

Other websites

Emperors of Japan
Japanese mythology
A posthumous name is an honorary name given to someone after their death. This type of name was common with naming royalty in the countries of Japan and China. They were also sometimes used in Vietnam and Korea.

History 
This idea was created during the Zhou Dynasty in China. The first person to be named in this way was Ji Chang, named by his son. His son, Ji Fa of Zhou, called his father the "Civil King". This meant that he found his father to be good and sympathetic to the people he ruled.

These sort of names were not used during the Qin Dynasty. During that time, these names were not thought to show respect. Posthumous names were used again during the Han Dynasty.

Chinese emperors 
Chinese posthumous names, for rulers, end in one or both symbols for "emperor", Huángdì. This can be shortened to Dì.

These names were sometimes very long. They can be good names or bad. Good names are called respectful names (or zūn hào in Chinese). Some of these names are:
 "pitiful", for those who were often sad during their rule.
 "lamentable", for those who lose their spouse's and pass away at an early age.
 "civil", for those who had sympathised with their people. This is one of the most honorable names.
 "majestic", for those who showed virtue to the people.

Japanese emperors 
The posthumous names of Japanese emperors are called teigō. Some names are given a long time after their death. Others are given right after the emperor had died.

Some of these names tell about the place they were born or lived in, or traits they had that their people admired.

Some also put together two previous emperors' or empresses' names, like Empress Meishō. The empresses before her were called Gemmei and Genshō. So her name became Meishō.

Related pages 
 Personal name
 Family name
 Given name
 Regnal name
 Surname

Other websites 
 Posthumous names in China 

Names
You Can't Do That on Television (YCDTOTV) is a Canadian children's television program that aired on Nickelodeon in the USA. It was created by Roger Price and produced from 1979 until 1990. It mostly featured child actors in a sketch comedy format, acting out short scenes based on a theme that served as the topic for the episode. Connecting scenes based on the theme would often serve to create a story arc that lasted the length of the episode. became known for its iconic green slime that was originally used in this show. The series is known also because future pop recording artist Alanis Morissette was in it as a cast member at some time.

In 2002, and again in 2004, YCDTOTV cast members reunited alongside fans of the show at SlimeCon, a fan-produced convention in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. YCDTOTV was a children's comedy show. Some people see it as a nostalgic cult classic. During the 2004 event, a Top Secret reunion special had its premiere.

References

1979 television series debuts
1990 television series endings
1970s comedy television series
1980s Nickelodeon shows
1980s Canadian television series
1980s comedy television series
1990s Canadian television series
1990s comedy television series
Canadian children's television series
Television sketch shows
1979 establishments in Canada
1990s disestablishments in Canada
English-language television programs
Medellín (pronounced  or , Spanish:  or ) is the capital city in the Metropolitan Area of Medellín of the Antioquia Department, Colombia. It was founded in 1616 by Francisco Herrera Campuzano. As of 2014, the municipality of Medellín had a population of about 2.45 million inhabitants. This makes it the second most populated city in Colombia after Bogotá, which is the capital city of Colombia. Medellín also is the core of the Valle de Aburrá (Aburrá Valley) metropolitan area. This is the second largest metropolitan area in Colombia, with more than 3.8 million inhabitants, and a leading and productive industrial and urban center.

The city's major problem is unemployment. Many other Colombian cities also have this problem. People from Antioquia and especially from Medellín are called Paisas although the Paisas are people from the departments of Antioquia, Risaralda, Caldas and Quindío.

References 

Cities in Colombia
1616 establishments
17th-century establishments in the Spanish Empire
Nouakchott () is the capital city of the African county of Mauritania. It is the largest city in that country and one of the largest cities on the Sahara Desert. The city is the administrative and economic centre of Mauritania. The Arabic name is said to mean "The place of winds" in the language of the Berber people.

The city is often a place where the urban Mauritanians and the nomadic people of the area can interact.

The population of Nouakchott is about 881,000 people. It is hard to know exactly how many people live in the city because many of them are nomadic. They find a good place to live, set up their tent for a short time and then move to somewhere else.

Although Islam is the state religion in Mauritania, Nouakchott includes the Cathedral of St. Joseph, a Catholic cathedral.

Nouakchott has a deep-sea port. It was opened in 1986. The port is mainly used for imports. The city also features an international airport. The city is home to the Université de Nouakchott. It is the only university in Mauritania. Things to see in Nouakchott include Nouakchott Museum, several markets including Nouakchott Silver Market, and the beaches.

History 
Nouakchott has very little history. It was a tiny fishing town until 1958.  It is possible that the Berber Muslim Almoravids came from the area.  The city was selected as the capital city for its mild climate and its location near the center of the country.

Mauritania was part of the larger French colony of French West Africa. During that time, Saint-Louis, in Senegal was the capital. In 1957, this small port town was chosen to be the capital of the new country. A building program was begun to grow its population to 15,000. In 1962, Nouakchott became the capital of an independent country.

The city has much growth. Because of the north African drought since the beginning of the 1970s many people have moved to the city.

Geography 
Nouakchott is located on the Atlantic coast of the Sahara Desert. The city is very spread out. It has only a few tall buildings.

Nouakchott is built around a large tree-lined street, Avenue Abd an-Nasir. This street runs northeast through the city center from the airport. Other major streets are named (in French) for notable Mauritanian people, or international people of the 1960s: Avenue de Gaulle, Avenue Kennedy, and Avenue Lumumba, for example.

Temperatures range between 33°C (92°F) and 13 °C (56 °F). The average rainfall is 178mm (7in) a year.

References

Other websites 

 Lexicorient: Nouakchott
 Life in Nouakchott
 NASA Image 

Capital cities in Africa
Mauritania
Saint Nicholas (Greek: Άγιος Νικόλαος, ayios nicholaos) (270–6 December 343), or Nikolaos of Myra, was the Bishop of Myra.

He was born in the Greek colony of Patara, in Asia Minor. Myra is near Antalya, in modern-day Turkey.

In the 11th century, his remains were taken to Bari, Italy, to save them from Turkish (Muslim) invaders.

He is the patron saint of very many groups, including thieves and murderers. So far as is known, what he did in that respect was to protect the falsely accused.

He is venerated in both Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches.

Life 

His parents were relatively well-off. Nicholas is said to have distributed his fortune among the poor. This is relatively well documented. Less documented deeds of his include saving children from drowning. Nicholas saved young girls from being made prostitutes (because their fathers did not have the money for a dowry). He helped seamen in a storm and saved a child that was abducted.

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Saint Nicholas of Myra is a very prominent figure. Very often, the third large icon on the Iconostasis in Orthodox churches is devoted to him. The other two are usually devoted to Jesus, and to Mary with the child.

The Cantata by Benjamin Britten 
The modern composer Benjamin Britten composed a cantata for orchestra and choir about the life of St. Nicholas. It is very popular and often performed.

In modern times 
He is the Saint behind the legendary character of Santa Claus. He is the patron Saint of Children, of Seafarers and merchants. The Hanseatic League chose him as their patron saint. Over 400 churches and several thousands all over the world are named after Nicholas of Myra. He is also the patron saint of both Amsterdam, capital of Netherlands and Moscow, capital of Russia.

Images

Related pages
Le Père Fouettard

References 

Christian saints
270 births
343 deaths
The Home Box Office (HBO) is an American cable television network. HBO show movies made for theaters as well as television. The also show many original television programs, including  The Sopranos,  Six Feet Under, Crashbox and Big Love. Other popular series include Oz, True Blood, Carnivàle, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Game of Thrones, Boardwalk Empire, The Wire, Entourage, and Deadwood. HBO is owned by WarnerMedia (formerly TimeWarner).

Programs
Harriet's Magic Hats
Zardip's Search for Healthy Wellness
Drama
Pham Viet Dung
Comedy Bites
Ident
Sitcom

References

Other websites 
 Official HBO site
 HBO Europe 
 HBO HD 
 HBO Family 
 HBO Latin America
 HBO Asia

1972 establishments in New York (state)
The Electric Company was an educational American children's television series. It was produced by the Children's Television Workshop (1971-1977)/Sesame Workshop (2006 and 2009-2011) for PBS in the United States. PBS broadcast 930 episodes over nine seasons from 1971 to 1977, 2006, and 2009 to 2011. CTW (1971-1977)/Sesame Workshop (2006/2009-2011) produced the show at Reeves Teletape Studios (1971-1977)/Kaufman Astoria Studios (2006/2009-2011) Second Stage in Manhattan.

The Electric Company used sketch comedy and other devices to create an entertaining program to help children of elementary-school age get better at reading skills. It was meant for children who had "graduated" from CTW's main program, Sesame Street.

Season 1 is released in October 25, 1971 - April 21, 1972;  season 2 is released in October 23, 1972 - April 20, 1973; season 3 is released in October 22, 1973 - April 19, 1974, season 4 is released in October 21, 1974 - April 18, 1975, season 5 is released in October 20, 1975 - April 16, 1976, season 6 is released in October 18, 1976 - April 15, 1977, season 7 is released in 2006 and January 19 - October 1,  2009, season 8 is released in January 25 - May 7, 2010, and season 9 is released in February 7 - March 28, 2011. June Angela as Julie (1971-1977 and 2009) was a long-running cast member of the 1971-1977 rock band named The Short Circus. In 2006, the 1977 departed 1975-1977 cast were or was replaced by the 2009-2011 cast playing the Ruiz family and their friends in their gang. In the comic book, season 10 is released in 2012.

Songs 
 Fling Fling)(performed by Winnie and The Short Circus) (season 2, episode ? (197?))
 Sing Out (performed by The Short Circus) (season 2, episode 130 (1973))
 Buddy and Kelly (performed by Buddy and Kelly from or in The Short Circus) (season 3, episode 1 (1973))
 Broccoli (performed by Buddy and Kelly) (season 3, episode 98 (1974))
 Words (performed by Mark and Valerie the Librarian) (season 4, episode 1 (1974))
 Knock Knock Rock (performed by The Short Circus) (season 5, episode 35 (1975))

Other websites 
 
 
 The Electric Company official Web site 

PBS Kids shows
1971 establishments in the United States
1977 disestablishments in the United States
English-language television programs
1971 television series debuts
1977 television series endings
Jacques Rougeau Jr. (born June 13, 1960 in Saint-Sulpice, Quebec) is a French-Canadian retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his time working with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in the 1980s and 1990s. He first teamed with his brother Raymond Rougeau as The Fabulous Rougeaus. He would later have a singles career and wrestled under the ring name The Mountie. He later formed The Quebecers with Pierre. Rougeau also wrestled for World Championship Wrestling (WCW) from 1996 until 1998 where he teamed with Carl Ouellet as The Amazing French Canadians.

During his career, Rougeau was a one-time WWF Intercontinental Champion and a three-time WWF Tag Team Championship with Quebecer Pierre.

Championships
Central States Wrestling
NWA Central States Tag Team Championship (1 time) (with Bruce Reed)

Continental Wrestling Association
AWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
NWA Mid-America Heavyweight Championship (2 times)

Southeastern Championship Wrestling
NWA Alabama Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
NWA Southeastern Heavyweight Championship (Northern Division) (1 time)

Lutte Internationale (Montreal)
Canadian International Tag Team Championship (4 times) (with Raymond Rougeau)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #41 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the year in the "PWI 500" in 1992.
He was ranked #222 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the PWI Years in 2003.
He was ranked #83 of the 100 best tag teams of the PWI Years with Pierre Ouellet in 2003.

World Wrestling Federation
WWF Intercontinental Championship (1 time)
WWF Tag Team Championship (3 times) (with Quebecer Pierre)

References

Other websites
Official website

1960 births
Canadian professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
Living people
Sportspeople from Quebec
Ezzard Mack Charles (July 7, 1921 – May 28, 1975) was an African-American professional boxer. He was the heavyweight boxing champion from September 27, 1950, when he outpointed Joe Louis in 15 rounds in New York City, to July 18, 1951, when he was knocked out by Jersey Joe Walcott in 7 rounds in Pittsburgh. 

As an amateur, Charles was undefeated and in 1939 won the national AAU Middleweight Championship. Charles turned professional in 1940, but his career was interrupted while he served in the United States military during World War II. Charles won the World Heavyweight Championship in 1950 and retired from boxing in 1959 with a record of 96 wins, 25 losses, and 1 draw. Ring Magazine named Charles Fighter of the Year in 1949 and 1950. In 1976, Cincinnati honored Charles by renaming a street Ezzard Charles Drive and in 1990 he was posthumously inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame. In 2009, Boxing Magazine designated Charles the greatest light heavyweight boxer of all time.

American boxers
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
1921 births
1975 deaths
Kyle Broflovski (sometimes called Brovlofski or Broflofski) is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park. He is voiced by and influenced by Matt Stone, one of the people who made the show. Kyle is one of the four main characters.  The other three main characters are Stan Marsh, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman. He is friends with Stan and Kenny. They are all in fourth grade. They all hang out with Eric Cartman. They do not like him because he can be mean and offensive. Kyle usually acts as the protagonist to Cartman's antagonist. Because Kyle is one of the few Jewish children on the show, he sometimes feels like an outcast between the main group of characters.

Character
Kyle lives with his family in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. He has an adopted brother named Ike.  Ike is from Canada. Both Kyle and Ike are Jewish. Kyle is one of the smartest students in the fourth grade class at his elementary school. Cartman usually makes fun of Kyle because he is Jewish.

Appearance
Keeping with the animation style of South Park, Kyle is created from simple geometrical shapes. He is not given the same free range of motion like characters that are drawn by hand. In one of the earliest episodes, he was created out of construction paper cutouts and animated with the use of stop motion. Kyle is now animated with computer software. He is shown to give the sense that the show still uses the original animation technique.

Kyle wears a bright green cap with ear flaps (shapka or bomber-hat), a bright orange jacket, dark green pants, and lime-green mittens or gloves. When he is not seen wearing his cap (which does not happen very often), he is shown to have a bright red-to-auburn Jewfro. He does not like this hairstyle.

Family
Kyle's father, Gerald is a caring parent to Kyle who usually tries to teach him important morals and ethics. His mother, Sheila is a very overprotective and has a knack for fequently protesting in things that opposes or comes across her ideas or beliefs. Even though her personality sometimes bothers Kyle, he is known to have still loved her and would come to here defense when Cartman would make fun of Kyle's mom. Sheila is based on the stereotype about Jewish mothers. Kyle usually has a good relationship with his parents, although he sometimes would rebel against them.

Kyle also has one brother, Ike. Ike is his younger brother who was adopted from Canada. In the earlier episodes of the series, Kyle sometimes played a game he called "kick the baby", where he would punt Ike into the air. Kyle is shown to be caring for Ike and tries to protect him several times. In addition to his regular family, Kyle has a cousin who shares the same name with him. However, Kyle did not seem to like his cousin and tried to send him away several times.

References

Other websites
 Kyle Broflovski  at South Park Studios
 Kyle Broflovski at KyleFanClub
Kyle Broflovski at South Park archives, a South Park wiki

Comedy movie characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1992
South Park characters
Eric Theodore Cartman is a fictional character in the animated television series South Park. He is voiced by co-creator Trey Parker.

Cartman is one of four main characters in the series. He is often the main reason for their adventures because of his over-enthusiasm and selfishness. Cartman often reacts violently to things that he hates.  He hates any race or group of which he is not a member, particularly the Jews.  This comes from his rivalry with Kyle Broflovski.  Eric idolizes Adolf Hitler, Henry Ford, and Mel Gibson.  He is also a fan of T.S. Elliot. He often tricks others, at which he is good at, to meet his own ends, no matter the consequences to other people, even if it can result in deaths.

Comedy movie characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1997
South Park characters
...And Justice For All is Metallica's fourth album and was released on August 25, 1988. It was Metallica's first album since the death of Cliff Burton, who was replaced by Jason Newsted as their bass player. It shall be said though, that they recorded and released The $5.98 E.P.: Garage Days Re-Revisited, which only include five songs covered by Metallica, but it is often not counted as a Metallica album, as it only contain five cover songs.

Track listing 
All songs written by James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, and Kirk Hammett except where noted.

 "Blackened" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Jason Newsted) – 6:41
 "...And Justice for All" – 9:47
 "Eye of the Beholder" – 6:30
 "One" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 7:26
 "The Shortest Straw" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 6:36
 "Harvester of Sorrow" (Hetfield, Ulrich) – 5:46
 "The Frayed Ends of Sanity" – 7:44
 "To Live Is to Die" (Hetfield, Ulrich, Cliff Burton) – 9:49
 "Dyers Eve" – 5:13

References 

Metallica albums
The Armenian Apostolic Church (Armenian: Հայ Առաքելական Եկեղեցի), also called the Armenian Orthodox Church or the Gregorian Church, is the world's oldest national church and one of the most ancient Christian communities.

History 
The Kingdom of Armenia was the first state to adopt Christianity as its official religion under the rule of King Tiridates in the early 4th century. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century, by tradition. The Church teaches that it was first preached by two Apostles of Jesus, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew. The Armenian Apostolic Church claims to been in existence since the days of the apostles and therefore would be one of the oldest denominations of Christianity. Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion, when St. Gregory the Illuminator converted Tiridates III (the King of Armenia) and members of his court, traditionally dated to 301 (after Mikayel Chamchian 1784). The Church teaches that St. Gregory was imprisoned by Tiridates in an underground pit, called Khor Virab, for 13 years, after which he healed the King of an incurable disease, whereupon Tiridates accepted Christianity.

References

Related pages
 Hnevank

Other websites 
 The Armenian Church
 Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia
 Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
 Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople 
 Araratian Patriarchal Diocese
 Diocese of the Armenian Church of Canada
 Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Eastern) 
 The Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Western)
 New Armenian Apostolic Church Library of Books and Video
 Armenian Apostolic (Orthodox) Church Library Online: English | Armenian | Russian
 Prayer Book of the Armenian Church
 Armeniapedia - Armenian Apostolic Church
 Some information
 Basic info 
 Embassy of the Republic of Armenia to the US  General Information
 Directory of Armenian Churches Worldwide

Oriental Orthodoxy
3rd-century establishments
This is a list of Armenian football (soccer) clubs.

 Achin Nor-Achin
 Akhtamar Sevan
 Alashkert Martuni
 Almaz Yerevan
 Arabkir Yerevan
 Aragats Gyumri
 FC Araks Ararat
 Araks Armavir
 Araks Oktemberyan
 FC Ararat Yerevan
 Arpa Yeghegnadzor
 FC Artashat
 Aznavour Noyemberyan
 FC Banants
 FC Bentonit Idjevan
 BKMA Yerevan
 CSKA Yerevan
 Debed Alaverdi
 FC Dinamo Yerevan
 Dvin Artashat
 Erebuni Yerevan
 FC Gandzasar Kapan
 FK Gyumri
 Impuls Dilijan
 Kanaz Yerevan
 Karin Yerevan
 Kasakh Ashtarak
 FC Kilikia Yerevan
 FC Kotayk Abovyan
 Kumairi Gyumri
 Lernayin Artsakh
 Lori Vanadzor
 Luis Ararat
 FC Masis
 FC MIKA
 Malatia Yerevan
 Mush Charentsavan
 Nairit Yerevan
 FC Pyunik
 RUOR Yerevan
 SKA-Arai Echmiadzin
 SKA Injevan
 FC Shirak
 Sipan Vardenis
 SKIF Yerevan
 Syunik Kapan
 Tufagorts Artik
 FC Uliss Yerevan
 Van Yerevan
 FC Vanadzor
 FC Yeghvard
 Yerazank Yerevan
 FC Yerevan
 Yerevan United
 Zankezour Goris
 FC Zvartnots

Armenia
FC Zvartnots is an Armenian football club from Yerevan. 

The club made their first notable result in the 1998 Armenian First League, where they became the league's champions and win promotion to the Armenian Premier League.

For a few years Zvartnots would become one of the main contenders in the Premier League. In their first Premier League season they reached the fourth spot, while in 2001 they became second after FC Pyunik. In the 2003 season they would still be among the Premier League clubs, however they withdrew before the season and did not return in professional football since.

References
RSSSF Armenia (and subpages per year)

Armenian football clubs
The Football Federation of Armenia (FFA) is the governing body of football in Armenia. It organizes the football league, Armenian Premier League, and the Armenian national football team. It is based in Yerevan.

Other websites 
 Football Federation of Armenia

UEFA
1992 establishments
20th-century establishments in Armenia
Sport in Armenia
Urartu (Assyrian Urarṭu, Urartian Biainili) was an ancient Armenian kingdom. It was in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and Caucasus mountains, later known as the Armenian Highland, and it centered around Lake Van (present-day eastern Turkey). The kingdom existed from ca. 860 BC, emerging from Late Bronze Age Nairi polities, until 585 BC. The name corresponds to the Biblical Ararat. Urartians are the earliest ancestors of the Armenians.

Urartu extended from Lake Van southeastward to Mannai, and sometimes even included that land as one of its provinces.

Related pages
Arzashkun
Kingdom of Armenia (Antiquity)

References
Lake Van (, ) is the largest lake in Turkey, in the far east of the country.

Akdamar Island is in this lake. Although Lake Van is situated at an altitude of  with harsh winters, it does not freeze due to its high salinity except occasionally the shallow northern section.

History 
The lake was the centre of the Urartian kingdom from about 1000 BC, and the capital of Urartu, Tushpa, was on the shore of Lake Van (on the site of the medieval castle of Van, west of Van city).

Later the land around the lake was ruled by Armenians. Along with Lake Sevan in today's Armenia and Lake Urmia in today's Iran, Van was one of the three great lakes of the Armenian Kingdom, referred to as the seas of Armenia.

Related pages
Arzashkun

References 

Van
Geography of Turkey
The Kurdish language  (Kurdish: kurdî) is a language spoken by the Kurdish people in an area called Kurdistan, including by Kurdish people in parts of the countries Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. Kurdish has two main dialects: Kurmanji and Sorani. It belongs to the same language group as the Iranian languages. Another well-known Iranian language is Persian. It is considered an Indo-European language.

References 

Iranian languages
In Botany, an annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers and dies in one year. True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed. Some seedless plants can also be considered annuals even though they do not flower.

In gardening, annual often refers to a plant grown outdoors in the spring and summer and surviving just for one growing season. 
Many food plants are, or are grown as, annuals, including most domesticated grains. Some perennials and biennials are grown in gardens as annuals for convenience, particularly if they are not considered cold hardy for the local climate. Carrot, celery and parsley are true biennials that are usually grown as annual crops for their edible roots, petioles and leaves, respectively. Tomato, sweet potato and bell pepper are tender perennials usually grown as annuals.

Ornamental annuals are often called bedding plants. Annuals are often used in gardens to provide splashes of color, as they tend to have a longer season of bloom than hardy herbaceous perennials.

Examples of true annuals include corn, lettuce, pea, cauliflower, watermelon, bean, zinnia and marigold.

Summer annuals 
Summer annuals sprout, flower and die within the same spring/summer/fall. The lawn weed, crabgrass, is a summer annual.

Related pages
Biennial plant
Perennial plant

References 

 Eduard Strasburger, Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner: Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen. Heidelberg 2002 (35.). 

Botany
A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its lifecycle. In the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative structures); then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months. Usually, the stem remains very short and the leaves are low to the ground, forming a rosette. Many biennials require a cold treatment, before they will flower. The next spring/summer the stem of the biennial plant becomes much longer. The plant then flowers, produces fruits and seeds before it finally dies. There are far fewer biennials than either perennials or annuals.

Under extreme climatic conditions, a biennial plant may complete its lifecycle in a very short period of time (e.g. 3 or 4 months instead of 2 years). This is quite common in vegetable or flower seedlings that were exposed to cold conditions, before they were planted in the ground. This behaviour leads to many normally biennial plants being treated as annuals in some areas.
Flowering can be induced in some biennials by application of the plant hormone gibberellin, but this is rarely done commercially.

From a gardener's perspective, a plant's status as annual, biennial, or perennial often varies based on location or purpose. Biennials grown for flowers, fruits, or seeds need to be grown for two years. Biennials that are grown for edible leaves or roots are grown as annuals, e.g. beets, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, celery, parsley, and Swiss chard. If a normally biennial plant is grown in extremely harsh conditions, it is likely to be treated as an annual because it will not survive the winter cold. Conversely, an annual grown under extremely favourable conditions may have highly successful seed propagation, giving it the appearance of being biennial or perennial. Some short-lived perennials may appear to be biennial rather than perennial. True biennials flower only once, while many perennials will flower every year once mature.

Examples of biennial plants are parsley, Lunaria, silverbeet, sweet William, colic weed, and carrot. The pansy is a biennial often grown as an annual. Plant breeders have produced annual cultivars of several biennials that will flower the first year from seed, e.g. foxglove, stock, and hollyhock.

Biennials may be kept alive longer than two years under environmental conditions that prevent them from flowering. Biennial sugar beet was prevented from flowering by not giving it the cold treatment required for flowering. It was kept alive in a greenhouse for 41 months.

References

Otner websites 
 Plant life cycles 

Types of plants

he:בוטניקה - מונחים#צורות חיים של צמחים
Port Louis is the capital city of the African country of Mauritius. The city is a port on the Indian Ocean. It is the largest city and main port of the country. Port Louis is located in the Port Louis District. The  city has a population of 147,688 people.

History 
Port Louis was founded by the French around 1735. It was used as a place to supply food for their ships travelling around the Cape of Good Hope. The city was named in honour of King Louis XV. The first Governor was Count Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais.

Monuments 

Port Louis has many historic and colonial buildings. One of them is a fortification named Fort Adelaide or La Citadelle. It was built by the British in 1835. Most of the city's architecture can be seen from La Citadelle. Port Louis is surrounded by a mountain range, called the Port Louis Moka Range.  Other famous spots are the Police Barracks known as Les Casernes and the Port Louis Waterfront.

Other things to see in the city include the Caudan Waterfront, Port Louis Bazaar, the Mauritian Chinatown and the old Port Louis theatre. The capital has also three museums which are: the Mauritius Natural History Museum, the Blue Penny Museum and the Mauritius Stamp Museum.

Economy 
The main part of the economy of Port Louis is its port. The port handles all of the international trade for the country.  Clothing and textiles are the major things manufactured in the city. Chemicals, plastics, and pharmaceuticals are made there, and tourism is also important. 

Port Louis is the second most important financial center in Africa after Johannesburg. It is the city with the highest per capita income in Africa.

Demographics 

The population of the city is now largely made up of the descendants of people who were hired for labor from India in the 19th century. Slaves were brought to the country by the British and French who colonized the island in the 18th century.  After the end of slavery in 1835, many Indian and Chinese workers were brought to work the land, and take care of sugar cane, at that time used to make rum. 

More than 75 percent of the population are Indians. The rest come from Africa, while a small number have Chinese and Eurasian ancestry.

References 
 Malcolm de Chazal, Petrusmok, The Standard Printing Est., 1951, La Table Ovale, 1979.
 Marie-Thérèse Humbert, La montagne des signaux, Paris : Stock, 1994
 Khal Torabully, Kot sa parol la - Rôde parole, poésie en créole et français, éditions Le Printemps, 1996, Maurice.

Other websites 

 Municipal website 
 Uneso, Ghat and Morne,  

Settlements in Mauritius
Capital cities in Africa
Freetown is the capital city of the African country of Sierra Leone. With a population of  951,000 people, it is the largest city in that country. The city is a port on the Freetown Peninsula on the Atlantic coast. The port is a very important part of the economy of Freetown. It handles the main exports of the country. Industries include fish, rice, petroleum, and making cigarettes.

History 
The area was first settled in 1787 by 400 freed former slaves and Black American Loyalists sent from London. Many of these men had joined the British Army because the British promised to free them if they fought the American colonists. Before that time it was said to be a slave market. These people created the 'Province of Freetown' on land bought from local Temne leaders. After many of these original settlers died from disease, it was burnt by the local people in 1790.

The Sierra Leone Company tried to settle the area again in 1792. They resettled Freetown with 1,100 former slaves and Loyalists from Nova Scotia. Many of these people were born in the colonial United States. They were led by former slave Thomas Peters. Around 500 free Jamaican Maroons joined them in 1800.

The city survived being attacked by the French in 1794. In 1800 the people revolted but the British retook control.  From 1808 to 1874, the city was the capital of British West Africa.  The city grew quickly as many freed slaves came to live there. African soldiers who had fought for Britain in the Napoleonic Wars also came to live in Freetown.  During World War II, Britain had a naval base at Freetown.  Descendants of the freed slaves, called Creoles, have a large role in the city, even though they are only a small amount of the population.

The city had much fighting in the late 1990s. In 1998, it was captured by ECOWAS soldiers who were trying to make Ahmad Tejan Kabbah the President again.

Features 
One of Freetown’s most most known features is its famous cotton tree. The cotton tree is said to have been in the same position since colonists came to the area in 1787. At that time, the tree was still a young sapling. It now stands outside the Freetown Museum.

Notable buildings in the city include Freetown Law Courts, the Slave Gate and Portuguese Steps, St John's Maroon Church (built around 1820), St George's Cathedral (completed in 1828), Foulah Town Mosque (built in the 1830s) and the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Cathedral.  Also in Freetown are many beaches and markets, and the Sierra Leone Museum.

The city is the home of Fourah Bay College and the Njala University college.

Lungi International Airport  is the international airport of Sierra Leone. Freetown also has a heliport on Aberdeen Island. It connects the city with the airport.  There is a helicopter, hovercraft and ferry-service from the city to the airport.

References

Other websites 

 Sierra Leone National Tourist Board
 LiveFromFreetown 
 Cry Freetown 
 FreeTown photos 
 Lungi International Airport

Sierra Leone
Capital cities in Africa
1792 establishments
Establishments in Africa
Fame – The Musical is a musical. Jose Fernandez wrote the book. Jacques Levy wrote the lyrics. Steve Margoshes wrote the music. The musical is based on Fame, a 1980 movie.

The musical premiered in 1980 in Miami, Florida. It opened on the West End in 1995. It played Off-Broadway between 2003 and 2004. The story tells of students in a high school for the performing arts.

Other websites 
 Extensive information from the MTI website 
 Information from StageAgent.com
 Historical production information
 Information on UK productions 
 Information on NL productions 
 Information on NL (language) productions 
 'I'm Gonna Live Forever' - a new version from Fame Forever

Musicals based on movies
West End musicals
1980s musicals
The  is the head of the government of Japan as well as the director and chief of the executive branch of the central government. The prime minister appoints the cabinet and wields the power to dismiss any cabinet minister.

The current prime minister is Fumio Kishida since 4 October 2021.

List of prime ministers

Living former prime ministers

References

Notes

Other websites
Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet Official website

 

bg:Министър-председател на Япония
was the 2nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.    Historians consider Emperor Suizei to be a legendary person,  and the name Suizei-tennō was created for him after his death by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that Suizei ruled from the palace of Takaoka-no-miya at Katsuragi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history 
Suizei is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Suizei as the earliest or first of .

The Gukanshō records that Suizei was one of the sons of Emperor Jimmu.

During reign of Emperor Suizei, the capital of Japan was at Kazuraki, Yamato.

Events of Suizei's life 
The Kojiki includes a story about how Suizei attained the throne. His older brother supported Suizei because of his courage.

The absence of information about Suizei does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Suizei.

The actual site of his grave is not known.   According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages 
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
À

 was the 3rd emperor of Japan,  according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider Emperor Annei to be a legendary person,  and the name Annei-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Ukena-no-miya at Katashiro in Kawachi in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history
Annei is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Annei as the second of .

The Gukanshō records that Annei was either the eldest son or the only son of Emperor Suizei.

During reign of Emperor Annei, the capital of Japan was at Katashiha, Kawachi.

Events of Annei's life

The absence of information about Annei does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

The spirit (kami) of Emperor Annei and the events of his life are enshrined at Annei-tennō-sha at Shirakashi in Yamato province.

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Annei.

The actual site of his grave is not known.  According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
was the 4th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider Emperor Itoku to be a legendary person, and the name Itoku-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

The Gukanshō records that he ruled from the palace of Migario-no-miya at Karu in what will come to be known as Yamato province.

Traditional history
Itoku is almost certainly a legend. The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy. The  Nihonshoki includes Itoku as the third of .

The Gukanshō records that Itoku was the second or third son of Emperor Annei, but the surviving documents provide no basis for making guesses about why the elder brother or brothers were passed over.

During reign of Emperor Itoku, the capital of Japan was at Karu, Yamato.

Events of Itoku's life

The absence of information about Itoku does not imply that no such person ever existed. Very little information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei (509?-571).

After his death 
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Itoku.

The actual site of his grave is not known.  According to the Imperial Household Agency, this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree

References 

Emperors of Japan
The Coptic Orthodox Church (; ) or Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria is the name for the largest Christian church in Egypt. The Coptic Orthodox Church is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church. Its churches can be found worldwide, where it serves Coptic believers who have emigrated to other countries.

On the 18th November 2012, the Coptic Orthodox Church enthroned His Holiness Pope Tawadros II as the 118th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His Holiness is the successor to H.H. Pope Shenouda III who died in March 2012 after over forty years as the shepherd of all Copts. 

The Church belongs to the Oriental Orthodox family of churches. It has been a separate church body since the disagreement at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD. The Church rejected the new definitions about what Christ is like, introduced at the Council. 

The Church has daughter churches in Ethiopia and Eritrea, which now elect their own Popes.

The Copts believe that their church was founded in Egypt by Saint Mark the Evangelist. According to official Egyptian sources, and the CIA World factbook, between five an ten percent of Egyptians are Christians. Over 90% of these are Copts. According to Coptic sources, 12 to 15% of Egyptians are Copts.

References 

Oriental Orthodoxy
Religion in Egypt