cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Joseph is a name from Hebrew language, written as . This is pronounced in standard Hebrew as Yosef, and in Tiberian Hebrew and Aramaic as . In Arabic the name is spelled  or Yūsuf. The name can be translated from Hebrew as "the lord will increase." The name Joseph is used mostly in English and French-speaking countries. Some shortened versions and nicknames of Joseph include Joe, Joey and Jo. From 1925 to 1972 it was one of the top ten boys' names in the United States.

People known as Joseph

Royalty
 Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
 Joseph II of Austria
 Franz Joseph I of Austria
 Joseph I of Portugal, King of Portugal
 Joseph, Prince of Brazil
 Joseph, General Inquisitor (1720–1801) – a natural son of King John V of Portugal, one of the Children of Palhavã.
 Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, King of Naples
 Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria
 Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, King of Bavaria

Biblical figures
 Saint Joseph, husband of Mary the mother of Jesus (according to Christian doctrine)
 Joseph, Old Testament Biblical figure in the book of Genesis
 Joseph of Arimathea, secretive disciple of Jesus

Other
 Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States of America
 Chief Joseph, Nez Perce tribal leader
 Joseph Cook, Prime Minister of Australia

Given names
Burrow is a hill in Shropshire with an Iron Age hill fort at the top that is known as Burrow Camp. The nearest villages are Hopesay and Aston-on-Clun.  It was possibly very important during the Iron Age as it has two natural springs.

Geography of England
Shropshire
Roy Maurice Keane (born 10 August 1971 in Mayfield, Cork, Republic of Ireland) is a former Irish football player. He was the manager of English Championship club Ipswich Town. He played for Republic of Ireland national team. The best part of his career was twelve-years with Manchester United, in which between 1997 and 2005 he was captain.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1989/90||Cobh Ramblers||First Division||12||1||||||||||||||12||1

|-
|1990/91||rowspan="3"|Nottingham Forest||rowspan="2"|First Division||35||8||||||||||||||35||8
|-
|1991/92||39||8||||||||||||||39||8
|-
|1992/93||Premier League||40||6||9||0||||||||||49||6
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="13"|Manchester United||rowspan="13"|Premier League||37||5||6||1||7||0||3||2||53||8
|-
|1994/95||25||2||7||0||1||0||4||1||37||3
|-
|1995/96||29||6||7||0||1||0||2||0||39||6
|-
|1996/97||21||2||3||0||2||0||6||0||32||2
|-
|1997/98||9||2||0||0||0||0||1||0||10||2
|-
|1998/99||35||2||7||0||0||0||12||3||54||5
|-
|1999/00||29||5||colspan="2"|-||0||0||12||6||41||11
|-
|2000/01||28||2||2||0||0||0||13||1||43||3
|-
|2001/02||28||3||2||0||0||0||12||1||42||4
|-
|2002/03||21||0||3||0||2||0||6||0||32||0
|-
|2003/04||28||3||5||0||0||0||4||0||37||3
|-
|2004/05||31||1||4||1||1||0||6||0||42||2
|-
|2005/06||5||0||0||0||0||0||1||0||6||0

|-
|2005/06||Celtic||Premier League||10||1||||||||||||||10||1
12||1||||||||||||||12||1
440||55||55||2||14||0||82||14||591||71
10||1||||||||||||||10||1
462||57||55||2||14||0||82||14||613||73
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1991||3||0
|-
|1992||7||0
|-
|1993||9||0
|-
|1994||8||1
|-
|1995||2||0
|-
|1996||2||0
|-
|1997||7||2
|-
|1998||3||2
|-
|1999||4||0
|-
|2000||4||0
|-
|2001||7||4
|-
|2002||2||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||5||0
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
!Total||67||9
|}

References 

1971 births
Living people
Irish footballers
Irish football managers
Manchester United F.C. players
People from Cork (city)
A Marilyn is a mountain or hill in the British Isles (including Ireland) with a relative height of at least 150 metres (492 ft). The name was coined as an ironic contrast to the designation Munro, that is used of a Scottish mountain with a height of more than 3,000 feet, which is homophonous with (Marilyn) Monroe.

There are currently 1554 Marilyns identified in Great Britain and surrounding islands: 1214 in Scotland, 179 in England 156 in Wales and 5 on the Isle of Man. 

Many of the largest hills are Marilyns, including Ben Nevis, Scafell Pike and Snowdon. On the other hand, many large hills, including some Munros, and other well-known hills are not Marilyns because they do not meet the relative height criterion.

Other websites
 Marilyn News Centre
 Lakes24 24 Marilyns in 24 hours in the English Lake District

Hills
+
Ireland
A Munro is a Scottish mountain with a height over 3,000 feet (914.4 metres). They are named after Sir Hugh Munro (1856–1919), who produced the first attempt at a catalogue of such hills, known as Munro's Tables, in 1891.

Munro did not set any measure of relative height by which a peak qualified as a separate mountain, and much debate has since taken place over how distinct two hills must be if they are to be considered as two separate Munros.

Despite their modest height, walking and climbing in the Scottish mountains may be made dangerous by their latitude and exposure to Atlantic weather systems. Even in summer, conditions can be very bad; thick fog, strong winds, driving rain and freezing summit temperatures are not unusual.

Winter ascents of certain Munros are widely accepted to provide among the most challenging ice climbs in Europe. Some walkers are unprepared for the often extreme weather conditions on the exposed tops and many fatalities are recorded every year, often resulting from slips on wet rock or ice.

Other websites
Scottish Mountaineering Club official Munros page , including completionists.
MunroMagic – details and route descriptions for all Munros. (Some content requires registration.)
The Munros and Tops 1891-1997  - Spreadsheet showing changes in successive versions of Munro's Tables.

Geography of Scotland
Topographic prominence is a way to measure the independence of a summit. It is often known simply as prominence. Some also call it autonomous height, relative height, shoulder drop (in the United States), or prime factor (in Europe). It is "the elevation difference between the summit and the lowest contour line encircling it and no higher summit".

Two related concepts in topography are col and parent peak. These are used to calculate the prominence. The parent peak is a higher mountain that is often (but not always) nearby. It is chosen using a variety of criteria. The col is the lowest point between two peaks. There may be several cols between a peak and its parent peak, since other peaks may be between the two. The highest of these cols is known as the key col. Prominence is measured as the difference in height between the summit and the key col.

Related pages 
List of mountain peaks by prominence
Topography
Topographic isolation

Lists 
List of mountain peaks by prominence
List of Ultras of Canada
List of Ultras of Mexico

References

Other websites 
peaklist.org, a website about mountain prominence, with lists and maps
Edward Earl’s article on Topographic Prominence
Mountain Hierarchy using Prominence Islands

Physical geography
The rainbow body in Buddhism is a body that is made of light, not flesh. The term is mostly used in the part of Tibetan Buddhism called Dzogchen.

According to Dzogchen, the rainbow body is a sign of complete mastery of the Dzogchen view. Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche states: “The realized Dzogchen practitioner, no longer deluded by apparent substantiality or dualism such as mind and matter, releases the energy of the elements that compose the physical body at the time of death”.

Padmasambhava, who was the founder of Buddhism in Tibet, is often shown with the rainbow body on paintings known as thangkas.

Notes

References 
 Blackman, Sushila (Compiled and edited) (1997). Graceful Exits:  How Great Beings Die:  Death Stories Of Tibetan, Hindu & Zen Masters. New York, USA:  Weatherhill, Inc.  
 Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche (Edited by John Shane) (1988).  The Crystal and the Way of Light.. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 
 Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche (1999). The Crystal and The Way of Light: Sutra, Tantra and Dzogchen. Snow Lion Publications. 
 Reynolds, John Myrdhin (1996). The Golden Letters. (1st ed edition). Snow Lion Publications. 
 Sogyal Rinpoche; Harvey, Andrew (Editor) & Gaffney, Patrick (Editor)(1993). Tibetan Book of Living and Dying. (Rev and Updated ed.). HarperSanFrancisco. 
 Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche (2002). Healing with Form, Energy, and Light. Ithaca, New York: Snow Lion Publications.

Other websites 
 Images of Rainbow Body 

Buddhism
Tārā or Ārya Tārā, also known as Jetsun Dolma in Tibetan, is a female Buddha linked with Buddhist tantra practice in Tibetan Buddhism. She is called the "mother of liberation". She stands for success in work and achievements. 

Tārā is a tantric deity whose practice is used by followers of the Tibetan branch of Vajrayana Buddhism to develop their inner qualities and understand outer, inner and secret teachings about compassion  and emptiness.  Tārā is not found in the Japanese branch of Vajrayana Buddhism, Shingon.

There is more than one form of Tārā. They have to do with different forms of the same quality. Bodhisattvas are often considered metaphors for Buddhist virtues.

The most widely known forms of Tārā are:

 Green Tārā, known as the Buddha of enlightened activity
 White Tārā, also known for compassion, long life, healing and serenity; also known as The Wish-fulfilling Wheel, or Cintachakra
 Red Tārā, of fierce aspect associated with magnetizing all good things
 Black Tārā, associated with power
 Yellow Tārā, associated with wealth and prosperity
 Blue Tārā, associated with transmutation of anger
 Cittamani Tārā, a form of Tārā widely practiced at the level of Highest Yoga Tantra in the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism, portrayed as green and often conflated with Green Tārā
 Khadiravani Tārā (Tārā of the teak forest), who appeared to Nagarjuna in the Khadiravani forest of South India and who is sometimes referred to as the "22nd Tārā."

In some schools of Buddhism there are twenty-one Tārās. A practice text with the title In Praise of the 21 Tārās is recited during the morning in all four sects of Tibetan Buddhism.

The main Tārā chant or mantra is Oṃ tāre tuttāre ture svāhā. This Sanskrit mantra is pronounced by Tibetans and Buddhists who follow the Tibetan traditions as Oṃ tāre tu tāre ture soha.

Buddhas
Bodhisattvas
The Theremin , (also thereminvox or aetherphone) is one of the first fully electronic musical instruments. It was invented by Russian inventor Léon Theremin in October 1920 after the outbreak of the Russian civil war. Its invention grew out of a search for ways to detect movement. It was the first musical instrument to be played without being touched. The control section has two metal antennae to sense the positions of the player's hands. One hand controls the pitch. The other hand controls the volume. To play the theremin, the player moves his hands around the two metal antennas. The electric signals from the theremin are amplified and sent to a loudspeaker.

The sound of the theremin is associated with "alien," surreal, and eerie-sounding portamento, glissando, tremolo, and vibrato sounds. It has been used in film soundtracks such as Spellbound, The Lost Weekend, Ed Wood, Mars Attacks! and The Day the Earth Stood Still. The BBC Radiophonic Workshop used the theramin to provide the electronic sounds in demand in the mid-century. Theremins are also used in art music (especially avant-garde and 20th century "new music") and in popular music genres such as rock and pop. The Russian Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the first to include parts for the theremin in orchestral pieces, including a use in his score for the 1931 film Odna.

Related pages
 Terpsitone

References

Other websites 

 oddmusic.com theremin page
 TECI: Theremin Enthusiasts Club International
 Theremin.info 
 Clara Rockmore playing "The Swan" (Saint-Saëns)
 Dr. Samuel Hoffman, Hollywood's premiere thereminist
 Art's Theremin Page : Complete construction plans for solid state and vacuum tube theremins

Electronic musical instruments
In Japan, Fukurokuju (福禄寿) (From Japanese fuku, which means "happiness"; roku, which means "richness"; and ju, which means "long life") is one of the Seven Lucky Gods. He looks a lot like the Chinese star god Shou. Some people think that before becoming a god, he was a Chinese hermit and a reincarnation of a Taoist god. 

Usually shown as being bald, with long whiskers, people say he is a living form of the Southern Polestar. In many pictures, Fukurokuju has a strangely high forehead. He stands with a crane and a turtle, which are symbols of long life. He is also sometimes with a black deer. Ancient legends say a deer turns black if it is over 2000 years old.

He is the only member of the Seven Lucky Gods with the ability to bring the dead back to life.

References 
 Ashkenazi, Michael. Handbook of Japanese Mythology.ABC-CLIO, 2003.

Japanese deities
West Azarbaijan or West Azerbaijan (Persian:
آذربایجان غربی Āzarbāijān-e Gharbī; Kurdish: Azerbaycanî Rojawa; Azeri: Qərbi Azərbaycan) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran.

The province of West Azarbaijan covers an area of 39,487 km² (or 43,660 km² including Lake Urmia). The capital city of the province is Urmia.

References

Other websites 

Provinces of Iran
Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko (, born 27 November 1960), is a Ukrainian politician. Tymoshenko is a member of the Verkhovna Rada since 2014. She is the leader of the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc political party. She was the Prime Minister of Ukraine for two separate terms in 2005 and again from 2007 until 2010.

Political career
Her first term as Prime Minister was from 24 January to 8 September 2005. She was re-elected on 18 December 2007 but was removed by the Ukrainian Parliament on 3 March 2010 after the government with her own political party and the political party of Viktor Yushchenko (former President of Ukraine) Our Ukraine and the small Lytvyn Bloc lost a no-confidence vote.

While they were once strong allies, today there is a lot of political rivalry between Yushchenko and Tymoshenko. When Viktor Yushchenko lost the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, and his followers argued that the election had been corrupt, she was his main ally and one of the leaders of the Orange Revolution.

Presidential campaigns
In February 2010 Tymoshenko lost the presidential election to Viktor Yanukovych; with a 3.48% difference, she said Yanukovych won because of fraud. She has promised to make life for the new President as difficult as possible.

She was an unsuccessful candidate for President of Ukraine in the 2019 presidential election.

Criminal charges
On 11 October 2011 a Ukrainian judge sentenced Tymoshenko to seven years in prison for misusing her powers as Prime Minister when she signed a natural gas deal with Russia in 2009. She had been in prison for improper behaviour in court since 5 August 2011. Tymoshenko appealed against the sentence on 24 October 2011; she said the sentence was an act of revenge by Viktor Yanukovych (he has said it is not). The European Union and Russia protested against the sentence.

Personal life
Tymoshenko was born in Dnipro, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union. She studied at Dnipro Polytechnic, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University and Kyiv National Economic University.

Tymoshenko's first name is sometimes spelled Yuliya, Yulia, Iulia, or Julia. In 1979, she married businessman Oleksandr Tymoshenko. They have a daughter, businesswoman Eugenia.

References

Other websites 
 Yulia Tymoshenko personal site  Official personal site of Yulia Tymoshenko

1960 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Ukraine
Prisoners
The Ring is a 2002 American supernatural horror movie set in Seattle. It stars Naomi Watts and Daveigh Chase. The story is from the 1998 Japanese movie Ringu, based on a 1991 book by Koji Suzuki. The Ring is about a woman who watches a videotape, and a curse is put on her. She then only has one week to find out a little girl's origin, and find out how to break the curse. A few days later, her son watches the tape. Now she has to take care of herself and prevent her son from being killed in a week.

Other websites 

2002 horror movies
2000s ghost movies
2000s movie remakes
2000s mystery movies
2000s supernatural movies
American horror movies
American movie remakes
American mystery movies
American supernatural movies
English-language movies
Ghost movies
Movies set in Seattle, Washington
Movies set in Washington (U.S. state)
Naomi Watts (born 28 September 1968) is an English actress. She played Rachel Keller in the horror movie The Ring and Ann Darrow in the 2005 remake of King Kong.

Notable roles

References

Other websites 

1968 births
Actors from Kent
English movie actors
English movie producers
English television actors
English voice actors
Living people
The Eurofighter Typhoon is a jet fighter aircraft made by EADS, BAE Systems and Alenia Aeronautica with Eurofighter GmbH. It first flew in 1994 and was introduced in 2003. It uses canards, which makes it agile. and a delta wing. It is called the "Eurofighter" because it was made by European countries, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Spain.

The countries that designed the Typhoon use it.  Austria and Saudi Arabia have also ordered it.

Specification 
The Typhoon is 11 meters (36 feet) wide, 15 meters (49 feet) long, and 5.3 metres (17 ft) tall. It is 9,750 kilograms (21,494 lb) with nothing in it, and can weigh up to 21,000 kilograms (46,300 lb) with things in it.  It has two EJ200 engines, which can each make 20,000 pounds (9,072 kilograms) of thrust, and can go 2,125 kilometres per hour (1,320 mph).  It carries a 27mm Mauser cannon, and several missiles and bombs.

References 

Royal Air Force aircraft
Military of Germany
The Flag of Denmark, the Dannebrog is red with a white Scandinavian cross. It is the oldest flag in the entire world.

The flag is supposed to have fallen from the sky during a battle in 1219 in Estonia. The Danes were about to lose the battle when this sign from above gave the warriors new energy, and made them win. 

In reality the Dannebrog of 1219 was most likely a crusade banner - the war in 1219 was a crusade against the Estonians, who were not Christians. 

The battle took place in the 15th of June, and every year the flags birthday is celebrated in this day. 

In some countries the flag is a symbol of the state. In Denmark the Dannebrog is very much a symbol of the people, and the flag is used for all kinds off private celebrations - such as birthdays, weddings and Christmas. For Danes the Dannebrog is a sign of happiness and celebration and not of patriotism.

Denmark
Denmark
The Danish krone is the money used in Denmark and Greenland. 100 øre are 1 krone. It first became the national currency in 1873 when it replaced the "rigsdaler". Krone is the Danish word for crown. The plural of krone is kroner.

References

Other websites
 Banknotes of Denmark

Denmark
Currency of Europe
1873 establishments in Europe
19th-century establishments in Denmark
The coat of arms of Denmark consists of three crowned blue lions with nine red hearts, all in a golden shield.

The seal of King Canute VI of Denmark is the oldest known example of the coat of arms of Denmark. It is from around 1190.

Until around 1960 Denmark also had a large coat of arms. Both were used by the government. In 1959, the large coat of arms changed status and became the royal coat of arms - that is a coat of arms for the king and the royal family. The large coat of arms is inspired by one which was designed in 1819 and adopted by king Frederik VI.

The large coat of arms comprise symbols representing all parts of the Danish kingdom - or to be precise: only territories that are still part of the Kingdom of Denmark. In the coat of arms shown to the left the upper left part of the shield (the three lions) represents Denmark. In the lower part the three crowns (only two are visible) represents Sweden, this is for historic reasons. The polar bear represents Greenland and the ram represents the Faroe Islands. The two lions in the upper right side represents the principality of Slesvig. Until 1972, it also included other symbols representing principalities in Germany and parts of present-day Sweden that used to be ruled by the Danish king.

In 1972 when King Frederik IX died and Margrethe II became queen the coat of arms of the royal family was redesigned, and today it only comprises symbols representing the current parts of the Danish Kingdom.

Denmark
Denmark
Monteggio is a municipality of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
Official website 

Municipalities of Ticino
Morbio Superiore is a former municipality in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland in the hills above Chiasso. It is in the district of Mendrisio. On 25 October 2009 the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia.

References 

Former municipalities of Ticino
Der er et yndigt land (pron. [tɛɐ̯ ˈɛɐ̯ e̝t ˈøntit ˈlænˀ] "tair AIR eht IHN-teet LAN"; lit. 'There is a Lovely Land') is the civil national anthem of Denmark. Adopted in 1835, Hans Ernst Krøyer composed the music in the same year, and the anthem's lyrics (words) were written by Adam Oehlenschläger in 1819. Denmark has another anthem called Kong Christian stod ved højen mast, which is also officially used a national anthem but is usually reserved for royal and military purposes.

Lyrics and translation

Trivia
Denmark and New Zealand are the only countries in the world with more than one anthem used officially.
Denmark's other anthem is Kong Christian stod ved højen mast, which is of equal status to Der er et yndigt Land.

References

Denmark
National anthems
Morcote is a municipality of the district Lugano in the Swiss canton of Ticino. It is about  from Lugano in the district of Lugano on the shore of Lake Lugano.

References

Other websites 
 Official Site of Morcote.

Municipalities of Ticino
Cities in Switzerland
Mosogno is a former municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 10 April 2016 the former municipalities of Gresso, Isorno, Mosogno and Vergeletto merged to form the municipality of Onsernone.

References

Other websites 

Former municipalities of Ticino
2016 disestablishments in Switzerland
Muggio was a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 25 October 2009 the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia.

References 

Former municipalities of Ticino
Muralto is a municipality of the district  Locarno, in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities of Ticino
Muzzano is a municipality of the district Lugano, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. Lago di Muzzano is named after the village.

References 

Municipalities of Ticino
Robert Indiana (born as Robert Clark; September 13, 1928 – May 19, 2018) was an American artist. He was known for being a part of the pop art movement. He was born in New Castle, Indiana.

Indiana moved to New York City in 1954 and joined the pop art movement. Indiana's work often has bold, simple, iconic images, especially numbers and short words like "EAT", "HUG", and "LOVE". His sculpture in the lobby of Taipei 101, called 1-0 (2002, aluminum), uses multicolored numbers.

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, Indiana made a series of Peace Paintings, which were shown in New York in 2004.

Indiana died on May 19, 2018 in Vinalhaven, Maine of respiratory failure at the age of 89.

LOVE

Indiana's best known image is the word love in upper-case letters, arranged in a square with a tilted letter O. This image was first created for a Christmas card for the Museum of Modern Art in 1964. It was put on an eight-cent US Postal Service postage stamp in 1973, the first of their regular series of "love stamps."

Sculptures of the image can be found at many places in the United States: 
Sixth Avenue in New York City
E W Fairchild-Martindale Library, Lehigh University Asa Packer Campus
Pratt Institute campus in Brooklyn, New York
Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana
Scottsdale's Civic Center
"LOVE Park" in Philadelphia
New Orleans Museum of Art's sculpture garden
Middlebury College campus, Vermont 
University of Pennsylvania campus, Philadelphia
Museum of Art at Brigham Young University, Utah
Ursinus College campus in Collegeville, Pennsylvania
Pool area of the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas
 Wichita State University campus in Wichita, Kansas
 City Park in New Orleans, Louisiana

Sculptures of the image can also be found at many places outside of the United States:
Taipei 101 in Taipei, Taiwan (also displays Indiana's 1-0)
Shinjuku I-LAND Tower in Office district of West Shinjuku in Tokyo, Japan
Orchard Road in Singapore
Plaza del Sagrado Corazón in Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
Outside 1445 West Georgia Street in Vancouver, Canada
Praca do Rossio in Lisbon, Portugal
 Hotel XIXe Siècle in Montreal, Canada
An Indiana sculpture showing the Hebrew word for love (ahava) is displayed at The Israel Museum in Jerusalem, Israel.

References

American sculptors
American artists
American painters
People from Indiana
Deaths from respiratory failure
1928 births
2018 deaths
Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, political activist, author, and lecturer. He is an Institute Professor and professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Linguistics 
Chomsky created the theory of generative grammar. This is one of the most important contributions to the field of linguistics made in the 20th century. He also helped start the cognitive revolution in psychology through his review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior. He challenged the behaviorist way of looking at behavior and language. This was the main approach used in the 1950s. His natural approach to the study of language also changed the philosophy of language and mind. He also invented the Chomsky hierarchy, a way of looking at formal languages in terms of their power to explain language.

According to the Arts and Humanities Citation Index in 1992, Chomsky was cited as a source more often than any other living scholar during the 1980–1992 time period. He was the eighth-most cited scholar in any time period.

Politics 
In the 1960s he criticized the Vietnam War. Because of that, Chomsky became more widely known for his media criticism and politics. He is a key intellectual figure within the left wing of United States politics. Chomsky is widely known for his political activism, and for his criticism of the foreign policy of the United States and other governments. Chomsky often calls himself a libertarian socialist and an anarcho-syndicalist, and he has talked and written extensively on these subjects. He is a member of the Industrial Workers of the World, following his father William Chomsky who was also a member.

In late 2015, Chomsky announced his support for Vermont U.S. senator Bernie Sanders in the upcoming 2016 United States presidential election.

Notes

References

Other websites 

 Official website
 Why It's Over For America, by Noam Chomsky, The Independent, May 30, 2006 
 MIT homepage 
 
 Conversation with Noam Chomsky
 NY Times article on Chomsky—September 22, 2006
 Video of Chomsky's talk 'Force, law and the possibilities for survival' in March 2005
 joint Noam Chomsky—Howard Zinn interview, April 16 2007 part one  part two 
 On nedia: State of Nature interview with Noam Chomsky (September, 2006)

1928 births
Living people
20th-century American philosophers
21st-century American philosophers
American anarchists
American historians
American political activists
Industrial Workers of the World
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish American writers
Jewish philosophers
American linguists
Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
Scientists from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Socialists
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Educators from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Neggio is a municipality of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Ticino
Novaggio is a municipality of the district Lugano, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Official website 

Municipalities of Ticino
Novazzano is a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities of Ticino
Olivone was a municipality of the district Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

In 2005, the people in charge of the cantons said that Olivone would merge with 4 other villages to become a new municipality of Blenio.

References

Other websites
 Official website  

Former municipalities of Ticino
2006 disestablishments in Switzerland
Onsernone is a municipality of the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

It was created in 1995 when the municipalities of Comologno, Crana and Russo joined together to become Onsernone. On 10 April 2016 the former municipalities of Vergeletto, Gresso, Mosogno and Isorno merged into Onsernone.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of the municipality of Onsernone 

Municipalities of Ticino
Barracks are a group of military buildings where soldiers live and sleep. Barracks can be made stronger with sandbags or with barbed wire fences. Sometimes they are built underground. They have been used for many years by many countries in many wars.

Accommodations
Military
Jacob Obrecht (born Ghent, 1457 or 1458; died late July, 1505) was a composer from the south Netherlands.  He was one of the greatest composers of his time.  He is best known for his church music, including many masses as well as motets and songs.

His life

Obrecht’s father was a trumpeter.  His mother died when he was about 2 years old and his father remarried.  We know nothing about Obrecht’s musical education.  He may have learned to play the trumpet like his father, who worked for the Burgundian court.  Perhaps his father introduced him to people at the court, such as the famous composer Antoine Busnois.  He certainly must have known Busnois’ music.

From 1480-1484 he was a choirmaster at Bergen-op-Zoom.  Then he got a very good job as choirmaster at Cambrai Cathedral. However, a year later he took another job in Bruges.  He wrote a lot of church music during his years in Bruges.  He travelled to Italy and went to the town of Ferrara where a lot of famous musicians worked.  He stayed there for several months.  This may have been the reason why he then lost his job in Bruges.  His next job was in Antwerp where he worked from 1492 to 1498.  He then got his old job back in Bruges.  From 1501 to 1503 he once again worked at Antwerp where he was choirmaster at the church of Our Lady.  In 1504 he got the job of maestro di cappella at Ferrara, but the following year he died of the plague.

His reputation
Obrecht composed extremely quickly.  He is supposed to have written one of his masses in one night.  This was different to Josquin des Prez who spent a long time composing his pieces and making changes to them before he let anyone have copies.  Obrecht was influenced by the music of Busnois and Ockeghem.  Obrecht himself was a big influence on Josquin, even though Josquin was older than Obrecht.

In recent years musicologists have studied Obrecht’s music a lot and made many discoveries, including the correct dates for many of his works.

1450s births
1505 deaths
Renaissance composers
Franco-Flemish composers
People from Ghent
Antoine Busnois (pronounce "AN-twun bew-NWAH") (also spelt Busnoys) (born about 1430; died 6 November 1492) was a French composer and poet of the early Renaissance Burgundian School.  He wrote church music, such as motets, as well as secular (non-religious) chansons.  He was the most important composer of the late Burgundian school after the death of Guillaume Dufay.

Life

We do not know where Busnois was born.  It might have been in the tiny village of Business in the Artois district.   Maybe he took his name from the village.

Nothing is known about his musical education.  We know that he got into trouble in 1461 because he was said to be in a group of people who beat up a priest on five occasions.  At that time he was a chaplain in Tours cathedral.  While the attack was being investigated he went to mass.  This led to him being excommunicated, but later the pope pardoned him.

In 1465 he moved from the cathedral to the collegiate church of St. Martin, also in Tours, where he became a subdeacon.  Johannes Ockeghem was treasurer there, and the two composers seem to have known each other well.  Later in 1465 Busnois moved to Poitiers, where he not only became "maîtrise" (master of the choirboys), but managed to get lots of good singers from the region.  By this time he was famous as a singing teacher and composer.  However he left the job for some reason in 1466 and then moved to Burgundy.

By 1467 Busnois was a composer at the court of Burgundy.  Soon Charles the Bold was on the throne.  Charles fought many wars, and sometimes took Busnois and other musicians on his military journeys.  In 1477 Charles was killed at the Battle of Nancy. Busnois continued to work for the Burgundian court until 1482.  Nothing is known about what he did after that.  He died in 1492.

His music 

He was very well known as a composer and his music was sung in many parts of Europe. 
He was the probably the best-known musician in Europe between the time of Guillaume Dufay and Johannes Ockeghem.  

Busnois wrote sacred and secular music.  It is likely that a lot of his music is now lost.  Two of his masses and eight motets have survived.  The style of his music is somewhere between the simple homophonic music of Dufay and Binchois, and the more elaborate imitation of Josquin..

Busnois may have been the composer of the famous tune L'homme armé, one of the most popular tunes of the Renaissance.  The tune was often used as a cantus firmus for mass composition.  He may have been the very first composer to write a mass based on L'homme armé.  This mass was a big influence on many composers.

Busnois is remembered today for many of his chansons (French secular songs).  Some of the tunes were used by later composers in their masses.

References
Groves online

1430s births
1492 deaths

Renaissance composers
French composers
Assassin's Creed is an award-winning historical third person, stealth action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles. It was released in November 2007. A PC version of the game was released in 2008.

The game started a franchise of graphic novels, comics, apparel as well as sequel games including Assassin's Creed II, Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood and more. The newest ones are Assassin's Creed: Unity and Assassin's Creed: Rogue, which were both release on November 11, 2014.

Story summary

The story is about a bartender, Desmond Miles, who is kidnapped and placed in a machine, called an "Animus" (plural "Animi"), which reads genetic memories and puts them on a screen in 3D. Desmond is forced against his will to relive the memories of his ancestor Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad (first name pronounced Al-ti-ear) who lived in during the Third Crusade. The player must play as Altaïr as he attempts to regain his status as a Master Assassin in the Assassin Order by taking nine Templar lives. The Templars being the mortal enemy of the Assassins who are wanting to control man's thoughts and actions to create peace. The Assassins want to preserve free will, and kill people who oppress their people to control them.  While in modern day segments the player, as Desmond, must discover who Abstergo Industries (the company who kidnapped him) is, and what they do. The story focuses on finding an object called a "Piece of Eden" which can control other people supernaturally.

References

Other websites 
 Assassin's Creed UK site
 Assassin's Creed US site

2007 video games
 
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
Windows games
Ubisoft games
A patriarch was the head of an extended family, originally. 

Today, the word is mostly taken to have a meaning within Christianity. There, the word is used to refer to the highest-ranking Bishops of the respective churches, that is the Oriental Orthodox Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church of the East

 
Christian religious occupations
An intellectual is a person who uses his or her intellect and critical thinking skills to work, study, reflect, or ask and answer questions about a wide variety of different ideas. Intellectuals are often times authors, artists, writers for newspapers, and college professors.

There are some people who do not like intellectuals because they are not traditional or practical. This is called "anti-intellectualism".

Other websites 
Intellectual checklist 

Academia
Thought
Social classes
Intelligence
Robosexuality is where a person is sexually attracted to machines, such as robots. The word "robosexuality" comes from combining the words "robot" and "sexual".  Robosexuality is different from mechanophilia and technosexuality, but they can still be interconnected. A person who is sexually attracted to robots can be referred to as a robosexual. A person who is robosexual may have different gender preferences than another person who is "Robosexual". 

Robosexuality can be used an umbrella term to describe the sexual attraction to robots of any kind, whether they are humanlike or not. Many prefer a robot with conscience and emotion, or even the illusion of it.

Robosexuality in the world

Robosexuality in the East 
Roughly 50% of all the robots in the world are in Asia, 32% in Europe, and 16% in North America, 1% in Australia and 1% in Africa.

40% of all robots in the world are found in Japan.

In Japan and South Korea, ideas of future robots have been mainly positive. The number of robots in Japan means more people in Japan are likely to have a love of gadgets. Manga and anime series in both countries often show love or sex between robots and humans. This would mean more robosexuality.

Japanese religious beliefs allow the idea that robots have souls. This also makes the idea of love between humans and robots more acceptable or ordinary.

Robosexuality in the West 
The idea of physical sexuality is less accepted in the west than in Japan. Western societies are more likely to be against, or even fear the development of robots. This is because a lot of films and books show robots as replacing humans instead of helping them.

'RealDoll' is a life-size sex-doll sold in America, that can be sold with robotic implants. People who feel sexually attracted, or have sex with these, are robosexual. However, one important thing to notice is that this American machine does not move and think by itself, unlike their Japanese and South Korean counterparts.

Related pages
 Technosexuality
 Robot

References 

Technology
Paraphilias
Rye is a type of grass, usually grown as a grain or forage crop (meaning that it is fed to animals). It is a member of the wheat family of plants and is similar to wheat and barley. It is used to make flour, food for animals, and many types of alcoholic drinks.

History
Rye has not always been a plant humans can use. It was originally a wild plant. There are several wild plants in Turkey that are similar to rye.

Since the Middle Ages, rye has been used widely in Central and Eastern Europe. In these parts of the world, it is still one of the main ingredients in making bread. However, the number of people and businesses using rye is becoming lower. Rye is usually sold to buyers near to where it is grown.

Science
Rye can be planted to feed animals or can be harvested for hay (dry grass). Rye is a strong plant that can survive in soil with a high or low pH. This means it can survive even if the soil is very acidic or alkaline. Other plants may struggle to survive in these pH levels.

Uses for humans
Rye has been used to make many foods for humans. It includes rye breads, like pumpernickel, a popular bread in north and east Europe. It has also been used to make some alcoholic drinks, such as rye whiskey.

Grains
This is a list of topics about the natural environment.

Brundtland Commission
ecosystem services
ecosystem valuation
energy conservation
energy efficiency
farming
fertilizer
freeganism
glacier
global warming
light pollution
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
pollution
pollutant
renewable energy
Silent Spring (book)
sustainability
sustainable development
tidal energy
tropical cyclogenesis
wetland

Biology-related lists
Ecology
A pixie is also a small creature with wings, famous in folklore

Pixies are an American alternative rock band. The band started in 1986. They broke up in 1993, but they started to play together again from 2004 to the present. There are four members in the band: Black Francis (vocals, rhythm guitar), Joey Santiago (lead guitar), Kim Deal (bass guitar, vocals), and David Lovering (drums).

 History 
Pixies' band members came together during the mid-1980s. Joey Santiago and Frank Black met at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where they were students. Santiago introduced Black to new music, such as David Bowie.

In 1985, they decided to create a band. Kim Deal joined on bass guitar after answering an advertisement in a Boston newspaper. The band's musical style was influenced by bands such as Hüsker Dü. David Lovering, the drummer and a friend of Deal, joined in late 1985.

 Success 
The band released their first album, Come on Pilgrim, in 1987. The released one album every year from 1987-1991. Although they were not very successful in the USA, they were popular for alternative rock fans in Europe. In 1988, they recorded a session with British radio DJ John Peel because he felt they were a good band.

The band had many problems, with band members disagreeing on certain issues. In 1989, the band nearly asked Kim Deal to leave because of her laziness. She was also trying to take more control as a songwriter. These problems got worse and in 1993, they split up.

Pixies influenced many bands that were more successful, such as Nirvana and OK Go.

 Reunion 
They re-united and went on a tour in 2004-2005. However, they have yet to release a new album.

 Musical style 
The lyrics to Pixies' songs are well known for being unusual. The band are also well known for combining loud music with more quiet melodies, and for combining pop with rock.

 Albums Come on Pilgrim (1987)Surfer Rosa (1988)Doolittle (1989)Bossanova (1990)Trompe le Monde'' (1991)

1986 establishments in the United States
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American rock bands
Musical groups established in 1986
Musical groups from Massachusetts
The LG KE850, also named The LG Prada Phone, is a mobile phone manufactured by LG Electronics and designed by Prada. It was first announced on 12 December 2006. An official press release showing an image of the device appeared on 18 January 2007.

Features 
 EDGE Tri-Band (900/1800/1900) / CDMA (800) for South Korea
 Adobe Flash interface
 98.8 × 54 × 12 mm 
 6.5 × 4 cm touch-sensitive screen
 1.92M CMOS Camera / LED Flash
 Video Recording CIF 352*288=101376 Pixels,WQVGA 400*240=96000 Pixels (MPEG4, H.263, H.264)
 Music Player and Recorder (MP3, AAC, AAC+, WMA, RA)
 Internal Memory Slot (Micro SD), behind the battery
 Innerpack Battery 800mAh
 Bluetooth 2.0, USB 2.0, USB Mass storage
 Document Viewer (ppt, doc, xls, pdf, txt )

Awards 
 International Forum Design - Product Design Award for 2007 
 Red dot design award - LG Prada Wins 'Best of the Best' red dot Design Award - At 2007

Prices in Countries it is sold 
Prices are expected to start from 600 Euros.
 France, Germany, Spain, Hong Kong, Italy, Singapore and Taiwan: Late March 2007.
 Kuwait: Sold at Villa Moda. 300 KD, which is the same as 900 US Dollars.
 South Korea - Spring 2007.
 New Zealand: March 2007 - The setup goes with Vodafone NZ's GSM network.
 Sweden: Late June/early July 2007.
 United Kingdom: Now sold for free with new sign up on T-Mobile/Orange/O2 on "contract". Or around £275 on "pay as you go", although some websites sell it without a sim card for £220.
Australia: Sold from September 24, 2007 in most networks, and also unlocked online.

iPhone copying LG Prada
LG Electronics says that the iPhone's design was copied from the LG Prada.  Woo-Young Kwak, head of LG Mobile Handset R&D Center, said at a press conference:

“We think that Apple copied the LG Prada phone after it was shown in the iF Design Award and won the prize in September 2006.”

LG later claimed that Apple stole both the ideas and concept of the Prada phone.  A lawsuit by LG had been rumored prior to this announcement; however, LG has remained silent on whether or not they will file a lawsuit.

Related pages
 iPhone, a competitor
 HTC Touch, a competitor

Other designer phones:
 Samsung Giorgio Armani
 Motorola V3 RAZR Dolce & Gabbana

References

Other websites 
 Official website of LG Prada Phone 
 LG KE850 - LG Electronics
 Manual  at lgpradaforum.co.uk 
 Review of LG KE850 Prada mobile - livedeviant.com 
 Review at mobile-phones-uk.org.uk 
 LG Prada wiki-review at mobilephonescale.com 
  LG Prada Forum for support, downloads and general chat about the Prada mobile. 

LG mobile phones
Tilly and the Wall is an indie pop group from Omaha, Nebraska. Their name came from a children's book called Tillie and the Wall, written by Leo Lionni. They are noted for having a tap dancer, Jamie Pressnall, instead of a drummer.

Band members
Jamie Pressnall - tap dancer
Derek Pressnall - vocals, guitar
Neely Jenkins - vocals, shakers, bells, bass
Nick White - keyboard
Kianna Alarid - vocals, shakers, tambourine, recorder, bass

Discography

Albums
Wild Like Children (2004 · Team Love Records) - CD/LP
Bottoms of Barrels (2006 · Team Love Records) - CD/LP
O (2008 · Team Love Records) - CD/LP
Heavy Mood (2012) · Team Love Records) - CD/LP

Singles & EPs
"Nights of the Living Dead" on the compilation Ben Eberbaugh:  A Rockin' Tribute (2003 · Die Slaughterhaus Records) - CD
Woo! (2003 · self-released) - EP
Tilly and the Wall (2003 · Rue Royale Records) - 7"
"You and I Misbehaving" (2005 · Trash Aesthetics) - 7"
"Reckless" (2006 · Trash Aesthetics) - 7"
"Bad Education" (2006 · Team Love Records) - 7"
"The Freest Man" (2007 w/ The Freest Man (CSS Remix) · Moshi Moshi Records) - 7"
"Beat Control" (2008) – w/ "Cacophony" – 7"/Digital Download – UK No. 77
"Pot Kettle Black (2009) w/ "Save Me Now" – Moshi Moshi Records – 7"/Digital Download
"That Remix Sucks (2009) – Team Love Records
"Falling Without Knowing" (2009) – Moshi Moshi Records

Other websites
Tilly and the Wall official website 
Tilly and the Wall on MySpace
Team Love Records
Team Love Records: Tilly and the Wall 
Moshi Moshi Records
Moshi Moshi Records: Tilly and the Wall 
Allmusic entry for Tilly and the Wall
Omaha City Weekly article about Tilly's residency at the Bemis Center for Contemporary Arts 
Live Photos 
Las Vegas Mercury: Tap Dance Fever article 08-05-04
 Review of their latest release, Bottoms of Barrels, and sample song 
Bottoms of Barrels Review on UpBeetMusic.com 

American pop music groups
Musical groups from Nebraska
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Musical groups established in 2001
2001 establishments in the United States
21st-century establishments in Nebraska
Origlio is a municipality of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. Lago di Origlio is found in this municipality.

References

Other websites 
 www.origlio.ch 

Municipalities of Ticino
Orselina is a municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Municipalities of Ticino
Osco is a former municipality of the district Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 1 April 2012 the former municipalities of Anzonico, Calpiogna, Campello, Cavagnago, Chironico, Mairengo and Osco merged to form the municipality of Faido.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Former municipalities of Ticino
Osogna is a former municipality of the district Riviera in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Cresciano, Iragna, Lodrino and Osogna merged to form the new municipality of Riviera.

References 

Former municipalities of Ticino
2017 disestablishments in Switzerland
Palagnedra was a municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. Lago di Palagnedra is found below the village, on the Melezza river. On 25 October 2009 the former municipalities of Borgnone, Intragna and Palagnedra merged into the municipality of Centovalli.

References 

Former municipalities of Ticino