cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Warship was a popular British television drama series produced by the BBC between 1973 and 1977.

The series was about life on board a Royal Navy warship, the fictional HMS Hero. It was mainly filmed aboard the Leander-class frigate HMS Phoebe.

Four Leander class frigates played the role of HMS Hero. They were HMS Phoebe, HMS Dido, HMS Hermione and HMS Jupiter. All the crews of these warships were given HMS Hero cap tallies for filming purposes.

The creator of the series was a serving Royal Navy officer, Ian Mackintosh. He wrote three books based on episodes of the series. They were simultaneously published in hardback and paperback. The books were:
 Warship (published in 1973);
 HMS Hero (published in 1976);
 and Holt RN (published in 1977).

The opening music of the series was a march played by the Royal Marines, called Warship, and written by Anthony Isaac. It is still played by Royal Marine bands.

Related pages
 Ian Mackintosh
 HMS Hero
 HMS Phoebe (F42)
 HMS Dido (F104)
 HMS Hermione (F58)
 HMS Jupiter (F60)
 Leander class frigate
 Royal Navy
 Royal Marines
 Fleet Air Arm
 Frigate

Other websites 
 Warship Episode Guide
 British Film Institute site on Warship 
 Royal Navy leaflet on Warship, from the HMS Phoebe Association website
 Comments on Warship by series Director Michael Briant
 Webpage (at Home > Scriptwriting > Warship) about Michael J Bird's scripts for Warship
 HMS Phoebe Association website
 HMS Dido Association website 
 HMS Jupiter Association website
 HMS Hermione Association website 
 Ian Mackintosh's Royal Navy service record on Opsromm.org 
 

Royal Navy
Naval transport
Ships
English-language television programs
Jerry Lewis, born as Jerome Levitch, (March 16, 1926 – August 20, 2017) was an American comedian, screenwriter, singer, humanitarian, producer, director, philanthropist and actor. He was of Jewish descent. He was best known for acting in comedy movies in the 1950s and 1960s such as The Nutty Professor. He also helped to raise money for people with muscular dystrophy, through the Muscular Dystrophy Association.

Lewis was born in Newark, New Jersey. He studied at Irvington High School though he dropped out in his sophomore year.

Lewis first became famous as part of Martin & Lewis, working with singer Dean Martin. They worked together for ten years. They appeared on stage, radio and television, and in movies. They stopped working together in 1956 and did not speak for years. They reunited a few times from the 1970s to the 1990s.

Lewis directed of many of his movies. He was the first director to use video cameras with movie cameras, to help with filming scenes. Film takes time to process, but videotape can be played back right away, saving time and work if a scene needs to be redone. Other directors soon started using his technique, and it is still used today.

During the 1970s, Lewis' movies became less popular. He moved away from acting and directing. In the 1990s, he returned to performing onstage. He continued to perform during the 2000s.

Lewis was a Republican though he was friends with President John F. Kennedy. He supported Presidents Ronald Reagan and Donald Trump.

Lewis died at his home in Las Vegas, Nevada at 9:15 AM of cardiomyopathy on August 20, 2017 at the age of 91.

Movies
Jerry Lewis acted in many movies, including: 
The Stooge (1952)
Hollywood or Bust (1956)
The Bellboy (1960)
The Errand Boy (1961)
The Patsy (1964)
The Disorderly Orderly (1964)
Three on a Couch (1966)
Way... Way Out (1966)
Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River (1967)
The Big Mouth (1967)
Silent Treatment (1968)
Hook, Line & Sinker (1969)

References

Other websites 
 Official Jerry Lewis website 
 
 Italian Jerry Lewis fansite 

1926 births
2017 deaths
Actors from New Jersey
American movie actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
American philanthropists
American screenwriters
American television actors
American television personalities
American television presenters
American voice actors
Deaths from cardiomyopathy
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Comedians from Newark, New Jersey
Humanitarians
Jewish American actors
Jewish American musicians
Jewish American writers
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish philanthropists
Republicans (United States)
Singers from New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
Businesspeople from Newark, New Jersey
Businesspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
Actors from Las Vegas, Nevada
Writers from Las Vegas, Nevada
Singers from Las Vegas, Nevada
Comedians from Las Vegas, Nevada
Breakdance (also called breaking, b-boying or b-girling) is a type of dance that is done by people who are part of the hip hop culture. B-boy means boy who dances on breaks (breakbeats). Breakdancing was invented in the early 1970s by African American and Latino American inner-city youth in the South Bronx in New York City.The dance style evolved during the 70s and 80s in big cities of the United States.

Breakdancing uses different body movements, spins, arm movements, leg movements, all of which are done to the rhythm of hip hop music. Breakdancing was most popular in the 1980s but continues to be common today.

There are four categories in breakdance. They are power moves (windmill, tomas, airtrax and so on), style moves, toprock, downrock (footwork), and freezes (chair, airchair and so on). Many of moves come from gymnastics and kung-fu.

Breakdancers dance with breakbeats. The difficulty of their skills decides the better b-boy. One of the biggest breakdance contests in the world is Battle of the Year (BOTY). It has several different types of contests. There are one-on-one battles, team battle, contest of showcase and so on. B-boy battle means dancing on random music. In 2013, the team coming from South Korea, Fusion MC, won the championship. Floorriorz coming from Japan got the award of best show.Good behavior with the sub

History
Breakdance occurred around a time where there was a lot of violence, on the streets of New York

Important Movements
A freeze is a technique where the dancer suddenly stops, often in an interesting or balance-intensive position. Freezes often incorporate various twists of the body into stylish and often difficult positions.
The two-step move sets up the direction of movement and builds up momentum when dancing. This move allows the dancer to stay low and in contact with the ground, which places him in a good position for performing other dance moves.  As such, the two-step is often one of the first moves a break-dancer learns and it leads onto the 6-step.
A kick in breakdance is a one-handed handstand, with often an impressive leg position and the free arm in some stylish position. They are often executed quickly to impress.

Literature
-Guillaume Éradel, C'est quoi le breakdance? Saint-Denis, Edilivre, 2015 ()

References

Dance
Hip hop
Constantine is a 2005 American movie starring Keanu Reeves and Rachel Weisz. It is based on a comic book series called Hellblazer.

The main character, John Constantine, fights demons.

Other websites
 

2005 movies
2000s fantasy movies
2005 horror movies
2000s superhero movies
American fantasy movies
American horror movies
American science fiction movies
Cancer in movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Science fiction horror movies
DC Comics movies
Warner Bros. movies
2000s apocalyptic movies
American superhero movies
East Anglia is a region of eastern England, named after one of the ancient Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, which was named after the homeland of the Angles, Angeln in northern Germany. The kingdom consisted of Norfolk and Suffolk ("North folk" and "South folk") but the region's borders are vague. 

Farming and gardening are very successful in this fertile country. The landscape has been heavily influenced by Dutch technology. 

Regions of England
Petty kingdoms of England
Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de Beauvoir (, ; ; 9 January 1908 – 14 April 1986) was a French author (writer) and philosopher (person who writes about ways of thinking).

She wrote novels (stories in a book), articles about philosophy ways of thinking or ways of living, and politics, biographies (books about other people's lives) and an autobiography (a book about her life).

Her best known books are She Came to Stay and The Mandarins. Her best known writing about ideas is The Second Sex, which was written in 1949. It describes the bad experiences of women in European society, and suggests how women's lives can be improved.

Early years 
Her full name was Simone Lucie-Ernestine-Marie-Bertrand de Beauvoir. She was born on January 9, 1908 in Paris. She studied mathematics and ways of thinking at the Institut Catholique. Then she studied literature and languages at the Institut Sainte-Marie. As well, she studied ways of thinking at the Sorbonne, which is at the University of Paris.

Her writing; personal life 
In 1943, de Beauvoir published She Came to Stay, a story about her lover Jean-Paul Sartre (who was also a writer and a philosopher). Next, she wrote a novel called The Mandarins, which won prize.

In 1944 de Beauvoir wrote an article called Pyrrhus et Cinéas, which was about a way of thinking about hard choices that people have to make.

In 1949, she wrote Le deuxième sexe. It was translated by Howard Parshley to The Second Sex. It describes the bad experiences of women in European society, and suggests how women's lives can be improved. The book also discussed ways of thinking about hard choices.

At the end of World War II, de Beauvoir and Sartre started a newspaper about ways of living called Les Temps Modernes.

De Beauvoir was bisexual and had sexual relationships with some of her female students.

She died of pneumonia. She is buried next to Sartre at the Cimetière du Montparnasse in Paris.

Some of the books she wrote 
 The Blood of Others, (1945)
 Who Shall Die?, (1945)
 The Second Sex, (1949)
 The Mandarins, (1954)
 The Prime of Life, (1960)
 When Things of the Spirit Come First, (1979)

Books about Simone de Beauvoir 
 Beauvoir, Simone de. Woman: Myth & Reality,
 in Jacobus, Lee A (ed.) A World of Ideas. Bedford/St. Martins, Boston 2006. 780-795

References

Other websites 
 The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Simone de Beauvoir by Shannon Mussett. Includes a bibliography of her work in English translation.
 Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Simone de Beauvoir by Debra Bergoffen. Extensive bibliography.
 Guardian Books "Author Page", with profile and links to further articles.

1908 births
1986 deaths
20th-century French philosophers
Abortion-rights activists
Bisexual people
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Paris
Feminist writers
French atheists
French autobiographers
French feminists
French LGBT people
French novelists
Infectious disease deaths in France
LGBT feminists
LGBT novelists
LGBT writers
Writers from Paris
Katherine "Katie" Anne Couric (born January 7, 1957) was a co-host of the top-rated Today show, broadcast live on NBC affiliates, from 1991 until late 2006, earning nearly $14 million each year for the last 4 years of her contract. 

Couric was born in Arlington, Virginia. She was hired by the news division at CBS in late 2006 to anchor and be the main editor of the CBS Evening News, which operated with temporary anchors after Dan Rather's departure.  Ratings have been disappointly low despite the initial fanfare and introduction of new theme music at the beginning of each show.  In 2021, Couric was a guest host on the syndicated quiz show Jeopardy! following the death of Alex Trebek.

Couric is active in charities, especially related to colon cancer, after the death of her husband (to colon cancer) in 1998. Couric received a colonoscopy on live television in March 2000. She also released pictures of her mammogram on television. She voiced a fish version of herself named Katie Current from the 2004 animated comedy movie Shark Tale.

Couric has two daughters, Ellie and Caroline.

References

American journalists
American television personalities
American movie actors
American voice actors
People from Arlington, Virginia
1957 births
Living people
This is a list of U.S. states (and the one federal district, Washington, D.C.) and territories showing their time zones.

Most of the United States uses Daylight Saving Time (DST) in the summer. In the list, it will say if the state does not use DST.

Note: the time zones listed on this page are listed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) as well as the names of the time zones as they are called within the United States. For an explanation on what UTC+# and UTC-# mean, please see the UTC page.

Zones
 These are the times zones that are used by the United States and its territories:
 UTC-12: Anywhere on Earth (AoE)
UTC-11: Samoa Standard Time (ST)
 UTC-10: Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HAT)
UTC-9: Alaska Standard Time (AKT)
 UTC−8: Pacific Standard Time (PT)
 UTC−7: Mountain Standard Time (MT)
 UTC−6: Central Standard Time (CT)
 UTC−5: Eastern Standard Time (ET)
 UTC−4: Atlantic Standard Time (AST)
 UTC+10: Chamorro Standard Time (ChT)
 UTC+12: Wake Island Time Zone (WIT)

States

Federal district
Washington, D.C. does use Daylight Saving Time (DST).

Territories
The territories of the United States do not use Daylight Saving Time (DST).

Other websites
 Official time zone site of the U.S.A. government 

Time zone, List of U.S. states by
Time zones
Paul Michael Levesque (born July 27, 1969) is an American business executive, semi-retired professional wrestler, actor, and former bodybuilder. He is better known by the ring name Triple H, an abbreviation of his former Hunter Hearst Helmsley name. He is currently the COO ("Chief Operating Officer") of WWE.

Before joining WWE, Levesque began his wrestling career with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in 1993, wrestling under the name Terra Ryzing. He would then be repackaged as Jean-Paul Lévesque, a French Canadian aristocrat, before joining World Wrestling Federation (now WWE) in 1995.

Since joining WWE, he has become a 14-time world champion (current): a nine-time WWE Champion and a five-time World Heavyweight Champion  In addition, he won the 1997 King of the Ring, the 2002 Royal Rumble, and was the second Grand Slam Champion.

He married Stephanie McMahon in 2003, becoming the son-in-law of WWE chairman Vince McMahon. Outside of wrestling, Levesque has made many guest appearances in film and on television. He is starring in the upcoming WWE Film Journey of Death.

At the 2008 edition of Backlash, Triple H won the WWE Championship. He lost the title at Survivor Series 2008 to Edge.

At the 2009 No Way Out, Triple H won back the WWE Championship in an Elimination Chamber match for the 8th time, beating The Rock's record of 7 times.

After entering the 2016 Royal Rumble match at no. 30, he eliminated Ambrose to win the Royal Rumble and become a 14 time world champion. He later lost the title to Roman Reigns at WrestleMania 32.

Acting

Movies
Blade: Trinity - Jarko Grimwood (2004)
Relative Strangers - Wrestler (2006) (Uncredited)
The Chaperone - Raymond "Ray Ray" Bradstone (2011)
Inside Out - Arlo "AJ" Jayne (2011)
Scooby-Doo! WrestleMania Mystery -  Himself (2014) (voice)

Television
Pacific Blue - Triple H (1998)
The Drew Carey Show - The Disciplinarian (1998)
Mad TV - Himself (2001)
The Bernie Mac Show - Triple H (2005)

References

Other websites 

 
 Online World of Wrestling profile
 

1969 births
Actors from New Hampshire
American movie actors
American professional wrestlers
American Roman Catholics
American television actors
Bodybuilders
Living people
Sportspeople from New Hampshire
WWE wrestlers
People from Nashua, New Hampshire
Ernő Rubik (born 13 July 1944) is a Hungarian inventor and professor of architecture. He is the inventor of the Rubik's Cube. He was born in Budapest, Hungary.

Other websites 
 Official website
 Brief biography of Erno Rubik 
 Hungarian Academy of Engineering - Rubik International Foundation 
 An interview with Ernő Rubik

1944 births
Living people
Architects
Inventors
People from Budapest
Michael Anthony Richards (born July 24, 1949) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for a notable controversy when his shouting of racial slurs at African American hecklers in a comedy club was broadcast worldwide in news reports.

Other websites 

1949 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American stand-up comedians
American television actors
American television writers
Comedians from Los Angeles
Emmy Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Seinfeld
Writers from Los Angeles
Final Fantasy VII is a 1997 role-playing video game created by Square for the PlayStation console. It is the seventh major game in the Final Fantasy series.

Many people see the game as one of the most influential and important role-playing games to date. It is the highest-selling game in the series, having sold more than 13 million copies of the game. Final Fantasy VII Remake released in April 2020.

 Storyline 

 Plot Final Fantasy VII follows the story of Cloud, who joins forces with many others to fight a new threat to the world while dealing with a seemingly terminal illness.

Characters
The main playable character is Cloud who is supported by Tifa, Aerith, and Barret.

 Music 
The music in Final Fantasy VII covers a wide variety of musical genres, including rock, techno, orchestral, and choral.

 Spin-off titles 
 Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children – set 2 years after Final Fantasy VII
 Before Crisis – set 6 years before Final Fantasy VII
 Crisis Core – set 7 years before Final Fantasy VII
 Dirge of Cerberus'' – set 3 years after Final Fantasy VII

References

Other websites
Official website

Final Fantasy 07
Final Fantasy 07
PlayStation games
Windows games
IOS games
PlayStation 4 games
Android (operating system) games
Nintendo Switch games
Xbox One games
Fritjof Capra (born February 1, 1939) is an Austrian-American physicist.

Born in Vienna, Austria, Capra earned a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from the University of Vienna in 1966. He has done research on particle physics and systems theory, and has written popular books on the implications of science with ethics, metaphysics and society. In particular in The Tao of Physics he makes the assertion that physics and metaphysics are both inexorably leading to the same knowledge. His works all share a similar subtext: that "there are hidden connections between everything".  Capra is both a Buddhist and a Catholic Christian. 

After touring Germany in the early 1980s, Capra co-wrote a book in 1984 with ecofeminist author Charlene Spretnak, called Green Politics.

Capra pushes for western society to abandon c the mechanistic views of Descartes.  Critiquing Descartes' reductionistic view that everything can be studied in parts to understand the whole, he allows his readers to take an objective and fresh mind, encouraging them to see the world through 'complexity theory'.

Capra is aiming for a theory of living systems, a theoretical framework for ecology. This theory has its roots in several scientific fields from the first half of the twentieth century — organismic biology, gestalt psychology, ecology, general systems theory, and cybernetics.

Bibliography 
The Tao of Physics (1975)
Green Politics with (Charlene Spretnak)
The Turning Point (1982)
Uncommon Wisdom (1988)
Belonging to the Universe: Explorations on the Frontiers of Science and Spirituality (1991) (coauthored with David Steindl-Rast and Thomas Matus)
The Web of Life (1997)
The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living (2002)

Other websites 
His homepage
The Turning Point
Home on the web for the Center for Ecoliteracy
Skeptical Inquirer on Quantum Quackery 

1939 births
Living people
American physicists
Austrian scientists
Scientists from Vienna
Systems scientists
Minor Threat was a hardcore punk band from Washington DC from the 1980s. Many other bands which played hardcore punk music in the United States were influenced by Minor Threat's music. Minor Threat's songs were usually short and fast. All of Minor Threat's records were released on the band's own Dischord Records label.

Minor Threat told their listeners they did not use illegal drugs or drink alcohol, which was called being "straight edge."

History
Ian MacKaye, Jeff Nelson, bassist Brian Baker, and guitarist Lyle Preslar formed Minor Threat in 1980. Their first records were Minor Threat and In My Eyes in 1981. The group toured through the United States.
  
Their song "Straight Edge" had lyrics (words) that told people they did not use illegal drugs or drink alcohol, which was called being "straight edge." Another song called "Out of Step" tells listeners not to smoke, drink, or have casual sex. People often thought that the band was telling others not to do these things but in interviews the band states that straight edge is a personal decision.

Minor Threat broke up in 1983.

Albums
 Out of Step (1983)

Extended Play records
 Minor Threat (1981)
 In My Eyes (1981)
 Salad Days (1985)

References

Other websites 
 Official Website
 Minor Threat Profile by Dischord Records

American punk bands
Hardcore punk
Musical groups from Washington, D.C.
Musical groups established in 1980
Musical groups disestablished in 1983
Ethelred II (c. 968 – April 23 1016)  was also known as Ethelred the Unready. He was King of England twice. The first time was from 978 to 1013, and the second time was 1014 to 1016. He was the son of Edgar, and Aelfthryth. For most of his reign he had to fight off Viking invaders.  

The word unready in his name means "Unread." Which was a nickname for "Poor Counciled' or "Bad Adviced." When, as a young boy, he asked for opinions he was given poor advice.

Other websites 
 Family tree of Ethelred the Unready
 Documentary - The Making of England: Aethelred the Unready 
 Early British Kingdoms
 Britannia :  Monarchs

960s births
1016 deaths
Kings and Queens of England
The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was Elizabeth I’s answer to the religious quarrels that developed during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. 

This answer was given in two Acts of the Parliament of England. The Act of Supremacy of 1559 confirmed the English church’s independence from Rome. The Act of Uniformity 1559 decided about the form of the English church.

Often it was seen as the end of the English Reformation and the foundation of Anglicanism.  But some historians think that England only became a Protestant nation on a popular level many years later.  There seem to have been great divisions in the population and among the clergy for a long time afterwards.

Related pages
Church of England
Reformation

Other websites 
The Legacy of the Reformation: A New Approach 
Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603), Elizabethan Religious Settlement
Elizabeth's Act of Uniformity (1559)
Documents Illustrative of English Church History

History of the British Isles
Protestant Reformation
Geckos are small to middle size lizards. There are 1196 different kinds of geckos, mostly in the suborder Gekkota. They live in many warm countries and usually are awake during the night. Some kinds of geckos go into people's houses. Hemidactylus frenatus is the common house gecko. People are often happy to have them, because geckos eat many insects.

Unlike most lizards, geckos have voices. A gecko sounds a little like a bird or a frog. In some languages, these lizards have names that sound like their calls, for example, both English and Indonesian call one kind gecko (gek KO) and tokay (to-KAY). Another kind of gecko, with a different sound, is called chicak (CHEE chak).

Most geckos lay eggs, but some give birth to live young.

Geckos have no eyelids. Instead, they have a clear membrane (skin) over their eyes. They lick the membrane clean with their tongues. Like most lizards, they can regenerate their tail if they need to. Their tail also helps them balance and store fat. Geckos also shed their skin, like many other reptiles. Geckos are also able to replace their teeth every few months.

Many kinds of geckos can walk on trees, walls, windows, and ceilings. Geckos' feet form a molecular bond with the surface that they are walking on in order to "stick" to the surface. This force is called van der Waal's force.They can do this because they have special toe pads. A microscope can show that each toe pad is made of thousands of hair-like structures called setae. Each of these structures branches into many smaller ends called spatulae.  The rest of their skin is also covered in extremely small hairs, which make it hard for a gecko to get wet. Gecko skin can also kill bacteria.

Taxonomy 
There are six families under the suborder Gekkota.

 Carphodactylidae
 Diplodactylidae
 Eublepharidae
 Gekkonidae
 Phyllodactylidae
 Sphaerodactylidae

References 

Lizards
Rutherfordium is a chemical element. It has also been named eka-hafnium and unnilquadium. It has the symbol Rf and has the atomic number 104. It is a very radioactive element that does not exist in nature. It has to be made. Rutherfordium is the first transactinide element.. The isotope that has the longest half-life is 265Rf. Rutherfordium-265 only has a half life of about 13 hours.

The amount of rutherfordium that has been made is not enough to give much information about it. The element has no present uses. It is thought that the chemistry of rutherfordium will be like the chemistry of hafnium.

History 
Rutherfordium was named after Ernest Rutherford. It was reported that it was first made in 1964 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia. The scientists reported that they bombarded a different chemical element 242Pu with the element 22Ne. The neon-22 particles were accelerated to an energy of 113 to 115 MeV. They claim they detected nuclear fission tracks in a special type of glass with a microscope showing that a new element was there.

In 1969 scientists at the University of California, Berkeley made rutherfordium by banging together 249Cf and 12C at very high energies. These scientists said that when they tried to make rutherfordium in the same way as the scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research none of the element was produced.

The scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research claimed that it was first detected in Dubna. They thought it should be named dubnium (Db) or kurchatovium (Ku) for Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960).

The scientists at the University of California, Berkeley thought it should be named rutherfordium (Rf).

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) decides the name of elements that should be used by everyone. They used unnilquadium (Unq) as a temporary name. Unnilquadium is the systematic element name meaning "one-zero-four" in Latin. In 1997 they resolved the dispute and used the current name of rutherfordium. The chemical element with atomic number 105 was named dubnium.

Related pages
 Periodic table
 List of common elements

References 
 Los Alamos National Laboratory Rutherford

Other websites 

 WebElements.com - Rutherfordium

Chemical elements
Transition metals
Philipp Tischendorf (born June 7, 1988 in Berlin, Germany) is a German figure skater. He was the 2007 German national silver medalist. Tischendorf is coached by Michael Huth, with former coaches Jürgen Bertko and silver Olympic medalist Romy Oesterreich.

In March 2007, Philipp was injured while practising a quadruple Lutz jump on the ice and was forced to not participate the 2007/2008 because of injury.

Other websites

 

1988 births
Living people
Figure skaters
German sportspeople
Sportspeople from Berlin
Miles per hour is a unit of measurement. It measures speed. It is the number of miles moved in an hour. 

Miles per hour is the unit used for speed limits on roads in the United Kingdom and the United States. It is normally abbreviated in everyday use to mph or MPH. In technical publications it is sometimes abbreviated as mi/h.

The SI unit for velocity (speed, with a direction of movement) is m·s−1 (metres per second).

Conversions 
1 mph is equal to:

 0.44704 m·s−1, the SI derived unit
 1.609344 km·h−1
 22/15 =1.4667 feet per second
 approx. 0.868976 knots

Related pages
 metre per second
 Speed
 Velocity

Other websites 
 Speed online conversion.
 Conversion Calculator for Units of Speed

Physics
Units of measurement
Imperial units
Nobility was the highest social class in pre-modern societies. In the feudal system (in Europe and elsewhere), the nobility were mostly those who got land from the monarch and had to provide services to him, mainly military service. Men of this class were called noblemen. It soon became a hereditary class, sometimes with a right to bear a hereditary title and to have financial and other privileges. 

Today, in most countries, 'noble status' means no legal privileges; an important exception is the United Kingdom, where certain titles (titles of the peerage, until recently guaranteed a seat in the Upper House of Westminster Parliament, that is why it is called House of Lords), and still means some less important privileges.

Nobility by rank

Other websites 

 The German nobility
 Old Noble Family Trees
 WW-Person , an on-line database of European noble genealogy
 Paul Theroff's An Online Gotha 
 Genealogics, an extensive database of European nobles
 Worldroots, a selection of art and genealogy of European nobility
 RoyalArk- ruling houses in many non-European countries
 Web site on the Royalty, the Nobility, the History and the Patrimony
 The Armenian nobility
 The Maltese Nobility and its ilks.
 Italian dynastic genealogies (in Italian, with an introduction in English)
 Worldwidewords
 OneTree Genealogy - European Royal and Danish-Norwegian-Swedish Nobility Lineages
This is a list of United States of America states by population as of 2019. The list was made using the 2019 Census estimates taken by the United States Census Bureau.  The total population of the United States was 330,150,668 at the December 2019 Census.

These numbers include all people other than people just visiting: These include citizens, non-citizen permanent residents and non-citizen long-term visitors. People in the military who are working in other countries and their families are counted in their home state. The United States of America is the third most populous country in the world, behind China and India.

References

Other websites 
 State Totals: Vintage 2012 - U.S Census Bureau
Here is a video about the most populated states in the United States of America
 Congressional Apportionment - 2010 apportionment results - people and households - U.S. Census Bureau

Population, List of U.S. states by
This article is about a group of three musicians and about music written for three musicians.For other uses of trio, see Trio.
''For a piece of music called "trio" see also Minuet

A trio is a group of three people who are playing musical instruments or singing together. The word "trio" may also refer to the piece of music that they are playing.

Three people who are singing together are a "vocal trio".

Classical composers writing chamber music very often wrote trios. Usually the trio is called after the main instrument in the group. A piano trio is normally a piece for piano, violin and cello. A string trio is a piece for three string instruments, usually violin, viola and cello. 

Many other combinations are possible. Brahms wrote a piece which is normally referred to as a "Horn Trio" for french horn, violin and piano. Mozart wrote a piece normally called a "Clarinet Trio" which is for clarinet, viola and piano.

A piece for three people sitting at one piano is usually called a piece for "piano 6 hands".

Trios can also apply to popular music, like Nickel Creek.
Below is a list of all 50 states in the order they joined the Union.

The first 13 became states in July 1776 when they agreed to the United States Declaration of Independence. Each of those 13 agreed to the first U.S. constitution, called the Articles of Confederation, which formed the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781. These states are presented in the order each ratified the 1787 Constitution, thus joining the present federal Union of states. The date of admission listed for other states is the official date made by Act of Congress.

List of U.S. states and their order to statehood

Notes

References
50 State Quarter Program from the United States Mint (including dates of statehood) [Retrieved: 22 October 2016]
Dates of statehood, via 50states.com (includes notes, retrieved  19 January 2006)

Date of statehood, List of U.S. states by
History of the United States
This is a list of the largest cities in each United States state and territory. State or territory capitals are listed in italics.

List

Note 1:  The only incorporated place in Hawaii is the City & County of Honolulu. A portion of it, the Honolulu District, is sometimes called the "city of Honolulu" for statistical reasons, although it has no government separate from that of the "City and County" as a whole. The U.S. Census Bureau defines Honolulu CDP (Census Designated Place) as the Honolulu District. For Hawaii, the largest CDPs are listed.

Note 2:  As of June 2013, New Orleans remains at a population of 343,829 (according to the 2010 Census) still showing a long term decrease since Hurricane Katrina, which initially decreased the population of the city by about 50%.  Many of the city's residents were displaced during the storm and it is still unknown how many will return or can be considered "displaced". Despite previous claims that with the 2010 Census New Orleans will move down in the rankings, it still remains the largest city in Louisiana by a margin of more than 100,000.

Note 3: The most populous sub-districts of the U.S. Virgin Islands (as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau) are listed.

References

Largest cities, List of U.S. states
Largest
Shelton James Benjamin (born July 9, 1975) is an American professional wrestler. He currently wrestles for New Japan Pro Wrestling under the ring name Shelton X Benjamin.

He is best known for working with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and has also worked for Ring of Honor from 2010 to 2013.

Career
 
Benjamin started his career in Ohio Valley Wrestling and stay with them from 2000 to 2002. During his time there he won the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship three times with Brock Lesnar and one time with Redd Dogg.

He was called up to the WWE in 2002 and debuted on the WWE SmackDown roster on December 26, 2002. During his early career in the WWE he along with Charlie Haas formed Team Angle with Kurt Angle as their on-screen mentor. They began a feud with Chris Benoit. Benjamin won the WWE Intercontinental Championship after he defeated then-champion Chris Jericho at the 2004 Taboo Tuesday.

He was part of a storyline where he was on a losing streak for many weeks which led his "momma" (played by actress Thea Vidale) to come to Raw to scold him. She assisted him in matches and sometimes interfered in them. She was taken off television when she was (kayfabe) undergoing heart surgery in the hospital and wouldn't be returning to the WWE.

In 2007, he started wearing gold attire and dyed his hair blond. He also began referring to himself as "The Gold Standard". Benjamin won the WWE United States Championship after he defeated then-champion Matt Hardy at the 2008 Great American Bash. Benjamin was released from the WWE on April 22, 2010 along with Jimmy Wang Yang, Kung Fu Naki, Slam Master J, Mickie James and Katie Lea Burchill.

Championships
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (four times) (with Brock Lesnar (three) and Redd Dogg (one))

Millennium Wrestling Federation
MWF Heavyweight Championship (one time)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
PWI Tag Team of the Year (2003) (with Charlie Haas)
He was ranked #9 of the 500 best singles wrestlers by the PWI in the PWI 500 in 2005.

Ring of Honor
ROH World Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Charlie Haas)

World Wrestling Council
WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship (one time)

World Wrestling Entertainment
WWE Intercontinental Championship (three times)
WWE Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Charlie Haas)
WWE United States Championship (one time)

Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Most Underrated Wrestler (2005–2007)

References

Other websites 
Official website 
Shelton Benjamin on New Japan Pro Wrestling
Shelton Benjamin on WWE.com

African-American wrestlers
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from South Carolina
Former WWE wrestlers
1975 births
Living people
Julius Robert Oppenheimer (April 22, 1904 in New York City – February 18, 1967 in Princeton, New Jersey) was an American physicist of Jewish descent. He is best known as the scientific director of the Manhattan Project. In World War II, the project built the first nuclear weapons. That is why Oppenheimer is called "the father of the atomic bomb". 

"We knew the world would not be the same", he recalled the moments after the successful testing of the atomic bomb in New Mexico, United States years later. "A few people laughed, a few people cried, most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad Gita. Vishnu is trying to persuade the Prince that he should do his duty and to impress him takes on his multi-armed form and says, 'now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.' I suppose we all thought that one way or another." 

The quote from the Hindu scripture became one of Oppenheimer's most famous quotes. 

After the war he lost his security clearance and his job due to concern over nuclear espionage out of anti-nuclear movement. He returned to teaching, and died of throat cancer, aged 62.

Other websites 
WW2DB: Robert Oppenheimer

1904 births
1967 deaths
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Cancer deaths in New Jersey
Deaths from throat cancer
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
American nuclear physicists
Scientists from New York City
American theoretical physicists
Educators from New York City
The American League (or AL) is one of the two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB). The other is the National League (or NL). The American League is made up of 15 teams. At the end of each season, five of these teams go to the "post-season" where one will win the American League championship. The champions of the American League plays against the champions of the National League in the World Series. The team that wins the World Series is the champion of Major League Baseball. Teams in the American league usually play against other teams in the American league, except for a few games a year when they play National league teams. There are 3 Divisions of the American League: AL East, AL Central, and AL West.

Differences 
The only big difference between the American League and the National League is that the AL uses the "Designated Hitter" (or DH). The Designated Hitter is a player who does not play in the field, but is used to bat for the worst hitter in his team's "lineup" (usually the pitcher). The NL does not use the Designated Hitter, and all players in the "lineup" must bat and field for themselves. If the DH plays an NL game in an NL park, he often plays First Base if at all.  If they play in an AL park, the NL can use a DH.

Related pages
 National League
The National League (or NL) is one of the two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB). As of 2016, the NL has 15 teams. At the end of each season, five of these teams go to the "post-season" where one will win the National League championship. The champions of the National League plays against the champions of the American League in the World Series. The team that wins the World Series is the champion of Major League Baseball.

Differences
The only big difference between the National League and the American League (AL) is that the AL uses the "Designated Hitter" (or DH). The Designated Hitter is a player who does not play in the field, but is used to bat for the pitcher. The NL does not use the Designated Hitter, and all players on the team must bat and field for themselves.

Related pages
American League
Statistical surveys are collections of information about items in a population. 

Surveys can be grouped into numerical and categorical types. A numerical survey is to get numbers as replies. For example:
How many minutes, on average, do you spend eating breakfast?

This survey question is used to generate numbers in minutes. An example of a categorical question is:

What is your favorite color?

The categories for this would be yellow, green, purple, etc... which are not numbers.

Surveys of human populations and institutions are common in political polling and government, health, social science and marketing research. A survey may concentrate on opinions or factual information depending on its purpose.

Other websites 

American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR)
How to design a web-based statistical survey online. 
Ajeebo: Web based survey software tools directory
Conducting Web-Based Surveys
Free resources for methods in social research  has links to resources for surveys and sampling.
Online Survey Best Practice 
Short Courses in Survey Methodology, sponsored by the Joint Program in Survey Methodology (JPSM) - University of Maryland-College Park and University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 
The EvaluationWiki  - The mission of EvaluationWiki is to make freely available a compendium of up-to-date information and resources to everyone involved in the science and practice of evaluation. The EvaluationWiki is presented by the non-profit Evaluation Resource Institute .

Marketing
Statistics
The social sciences are a group of academic disciplines that study human aspects of the world. Social Sciences includes anthropology, archaeology, economics, geography, political science, psychology, and sociology. They are different from the arts and humanities, and application of the scientific method is important. Most of the social sciences require doing a lot of research, such as making surveys. Such research is called "social research". Some subjects, such as history, are sometimes social sciences and sometimes humanities. 

The term "social sciences" has been used for over 200 years and mostly originates from a thinker named Auguste Comte. Many of the fields of social science have come about since then. In America, much of the thought and practice of social science came from the University of Chicago and other universities.

References

Other websites 
 Social Science Virtual Library 
 UC Berkeley Experimental Social Science Laboratory
 Social Science Information Gateway  (UK)
 History of Social Science 
 On the Social Sciences Critical Essays
 praxeology as the method of the social sciences
 in defense of extreme apriorism
The arts are a large part of culture, and the word means much more than "art". The arts include visual arts, literary arts (i.e. books and other writings) and performing arts (i.e. music, dance, drama). 

Sometimes, in universities, it is shorthand for a wider group of subjects which are properly called the humanities. These include philosophy, theology, literature, languages, and history as well.  

"The arts" are usually contrasted with "The sciences".

Visual Arts 
Visual arts consist of any art that can be seen. This form of art doesn't change once it has been made.

Architecture 

Architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design. Architecture as an art involves making something look beautiful and appealing to others.

Conceptual Art 

Conceptual Art is art in which the idea is more important than the actual beauty of the object.

Other websites 

 Dictionary of the history of ideas — Classification of the arts 
 Open Directory — Arts 
 National Endowment for the Arts — USA 
 Arts Council — England
 Americans for the Arts
 ArtsJournal — Daily Arts News
 Arts — New York Times
 Arts — The Times
Association of Hispanic Arts (AHA) 
 History of Art: From Paleolithic Age to Contemporary Art

 
Non-verbal communication
Minor League Baseball is a level of professional baseball in North America. It is made up a many different teams which play in many leagues and levels of ability. Minor league teams are used by Major League Baseball teams to have a place to put their players who they do not feel are good enough to play in the major league yet. 

There are several different levels of ability in the minor leagues, these levels are (in order from lowest to highest): 
 Rookie League
 Low-A
 High-A
 AA
 AAA

When a normal player is first drafted or signed by a major league team, he is usually placed in "Rookie" League or short season A, however top prospects often start higher. If a player plays good in his league he can be "called up" to the next league. If a player does not play well he may be sent back down or cut from the team. This continues until a player gets to the major leagues, although most players never make it that far. This way, players are able to get better at baseball before having to play against tougher opponents. Almost all players in the major leagues had to play in the minor leagues first in order to become good enough to play in the major leagues. Most players spend between 4-5 years before being called up. However, really good players can be called up in less than a year, while some may take more than 10 years to reach the majors.

Sometimes, major league players who are have been hurt will play a few games in the minor leagues before playing in the major leagues again, in order to see if they feel good enough to start playing again.

There are also other professional baseball leagues that major league teams do not use to as a place put their players. These are known as "Independent Leagues". In these leagues players do not go to higher or lower levels of ability. Major league teams may hire these independent players to play for their major league team.

Minor league teams generally play in cities that are too small for major league teams. City size usually increases with league level.

Baseball
Exalead [eg'zæli:d] is a French search engine involved in the Apple Inc. project, introducing new search techniques.

Exalead provides thumbnails previews of the target pages along with results, and allows usual advanced refining on the results page (language, geographic location, file type, categories) but also innovative refining such as rich content (audio, video, RSS) and related terms, allowing users to browse the web by serendipity.

Exalead 
The company is a société anonyme based in Paris and founded in 2000 by Francois Bourdoncle. Its name comes from the association between
 the prefix exa which means 1018 (used as a generic term for size, to imply large coverage of pages)
 and the verb lead (as the customer is led through the search options)

Exalead tries to integrate research functions in one piece of software, combining Internet, desktop and enterprise functionality.

Exalead employs approximately 60 people in 3 countries (Paris in France, Milano in Italy and New York and San Francisco in the United States of America).

Exalead.com specific features 
Exalead attempts to add value to search results by displaying statistics and information about the results along the left-hand side of the page. This includes categorical and geographical information. Exalead's features include:
 Proximity search supporting the NEAR operator
 Nested search expressions
 Tips
 Specific search
 by geographic location
 by language
 by file type.
 Additional word suggestions
 Phonetic search is also available, which can be used when the orthography is not known
 Search within results
 Audio, video and RSS search (in the preview also pictures)

Exalead allows search with regular expressions, which can be used to solve crosswords and used in IR algorithms.

On 2nd March 2006, exalead.com indexed more than 4 billion pages. The interface is available in four languages (English, French, German and Chinese).

On 2nd August 2006, Exalead launched the beta of its new interface, which is the default interface since the middle of October. The Chinese language has been removed again, Spanish and Italian were added instead - more languages will come soon.

The index size is 8 billion pages (8,079,622,557 pages at 10 October 2006, 15:54 GMT).

Other websites 
 Exalead website

Websites