cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Don McNeill (1934 – June 27, 2015) was a Canadian journalist. He was a foreign correspondent for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and CBS News.

Life and career 
He was born in 1934. He was from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. He studied at Memorial University of Newfoundland, the Technical University of Nova Scotia, and Oxford University. At Oxford, he played basketball for an unofficial team he started.

While in the United Kingdom, he worked for the Daily Mail. After returning home to Canada, McNeill began working for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. He was the CBC's correspondent in Washington, D.C. and worked for Newsmagazine. He reported on the Vietnam War, the Watergate scandal, and the Iranian Revolution for the CBC. McNeil later moved to the United States, where he worked for CBS News until 1987. He was the CBS News correspondent at Moscow. He later worked for Christian Science Monitor Television.

He got a Rhodes Scholarship in 1958. He got a Nieman Fellowship in 1981. In 1984, he won the George Polk Award for Network Television Reporting for his "unusual glimpses of Soviet life". He was nominated for the 1988 News & Documentary Emmy Award for "Outstanding Interview/Interviewers - For Programs" as a producer and correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor Reports. He won the 1990 News and Documentary Emmy Award for "Outstanding Informational, Cultural or Historical Programming (segments)" as a correspondent of a World Monitor segment on the Soviet Union.

He was a journalism teacher at Boston University.

His wife Sandra Allik produced her husband's Emmy-winning report. She once said that his husband's award was "a bigger deal than an Emmy".

He died on June 27, 2015 in Boston, aged 80.

References 

1934 births
2015 deaths
People from Newfoundland and Labrador
Canadian journalists
Canadian basketball players
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Harvard University alumni
George Polk Award winners
Emmy Award winners
Glenna Matthews is an American historian.

She graduated from Stanford University. She was an associate professor at Oklahoma State University. She taught at Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, and University of California, Los Angeles.

Works 

 “Just a Housewife”: The Rise and Fall of Domesticity in America ISBN 9780195059250
 The Rise of Public Woman: Woman’s Power and Woman’s Place, 1630–1970. ISBN 9780199951314
 Silicon Valley, Women, and the California Dream ISBN 9780804741545
 The Golden State in the Civil War  ISBN 9780521194006

References

Other websites 

 
 Glenna Matthews Oral History Collection

Living people
Stanford University alumni
Stanford University faculty
American historians
Educators from Los Angeles
Educators from Oklahoma
Writers from Oklahoma
Writers from Los Angeles
Bethany Zummo is an American volleyball player. She played at the 2016 Summer Paralympics, winning a gold medal, and 2019 Parapan American Games.

She studied at Dublin High School. She played for University of Central Oklahoma. In 2020, she sewed masks and donated them.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American sitting volleyball players
Paralympic gold medalists
Phleng chāt Thai (เพลงชาติไทย) is Thai for "Thai national anthem". The shorter title Phleng chāt (เพลงชาติ) is also used. The music was composed in 1932 by Thai musician Phra Chenduriyang and it was adopted later that year without lyrics. Then in 1939, when the country's name was changed from "Siam" to "Thailand", lyrics (words) written by Luang Saranupraphan were made official after winning a competition.

Thailand also has a royal anthem called Sansœ̄n Phra Bāramī (สรรเสริญพระบารมี).

Lyrics

Trivia
Endorsed by law, people are expected to stand up to show their respect whenever the national anthem is played in public.

References
Rules Don't Apply is a 2016 American romantic comedy-drama movie written, produced and directed by Warren Beatty. The cast includes  Beatty, Annette Bening, Matthew Broderick, Lily Collins and Alden Ehrenreich. 

The movie is set in 1958 Hollywood. It is about the romantic relationship between a young actress and her driver, which is forbidden by their employer, Howard Hughes.

The movie had its world premiere on November 10, 2016, and was theatrically released in the United States on November 23, 2016, by 20th Century Fox. 

It received mixed reviews and was a box office bomb.

References

2016 romance movies
2016 comedy-drama movies
2010s romantic comedy movies
2010s romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Hail, Caesar! is a 2016  black comedy movie written, produced, edited, and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. The movie stars Josh Brolin, George Clooney, Alden Ehrenreich, Ralph Fiennes, Jonah Hill, Scarlett Johansson, Frances McDormand, Tilda Swinton, and Channing Tatum.

It is a fictional story that follows the real-life fixer Eddie Mannix (Brolin) working in the Hollywood movie industry in the 1950s trying to discover what happened to a cast member who vanished during the filming of a biblical epic.

The movie premiered in Los Angeles on February 1, 2016, and was released in the United States on February 5, 2016.

It made $63 million worldwide and received positive reviews. The movie was chosen by National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2016 and it received nominations at the 89th Academy Awards and 70th British Academy Film Awards, both for production design.

References

2016 comedy movies
2010s mystery movies
American black comedy movies
American mystery movies
British comedy movies
British mystery movies
Japanese movies
Movies set in California
Movies directed by the Coen brothers
Universal Pictures movies
In Gauḍīya Vaishnavism, the Sātvata-tantra describes three different forms, or aspects, of Vishnu as Mahavishnu, Garbhodakśayī-Viṣṇu and Kṣīrodakaśāyī Vishnu. Kṣīrodakaśāyī-Viṣṇu resides in the heart of every living creature as a four hand expansion similar to that of Mahāviṣṇu. He is also referred to as Paramātmā or super soul. His abode is in all beings.

Religion
The Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was the anthem of Tajikistan when it was part of the Soviet Union. The lyrics were written by Abolqasem Lahuti. The music was composed by Suleiman Yudakov in 1946, the year it was adopted.

The melody is retained in the current national anthem of Tajikistan, done in the same manner as Belarus and Uzbekistan.

Post-Stalinist lyrics

Tajik original

English translation
When Russia's hand supported us,
The guild of the Soviet folk was created,
The star of our life was enlightened.
Oh, our pasts with effulgence filled
Came to vision into our land, our homeland.
An independent state of the Tajik folk was formed.
 
Feverishness during the night
The thunderous roar of Lenin's summon sounded
From the glow of his flag, there the dark oppression went
The eternal happiness that lieth upon this Earth
Was delivered to us from the Party of hundred creations, hundred creations.
Like a father who fought for and nurtured us anew.
 
Our motto shall call to us
Equality, fraternity among our folk
From our family no one shall break apart
We shall craft a shield of unity
Toward communist victory we'll travel on, we'll travel on.
Long live our land, our folk, our union.

Original lyrics

Tajik lyrics

English translation
When Russia's hand supported us,
The guild of the Soviet folk was created,
The star of our life was enlightened.
Oh, our pasts with effulgence filled
Came to vision into our land, our homeland.
An independent state of the Tajik folk was formed.

Feverishness during the night
The thunderous roar of Lenin's summon sounded
From the glow of his flag, there the dark oppression went
The eternal happiness that lieth upon this Earth
'Twas since this time that we've reached good ol' Stalin, good ol' Stalin
Like a father who fought for and nurtured us anew.

In our tradition, under our epoch
No one is spared with indignant hostility.
For we are inseparable from the Union
We shall craft a shield of unity
Against the enemies we shall always triumph, always triumph!
Long live our land, our age, our union.

Russian version

References

National anthems
Tajikistan
Sister Thomas Welder, OSB, (born Diane Marie Welder; April 27, 1940 – June 22, 2020) was an American educator and Benedictine nun. She was President of the University of Mary from 1978 to 2009. She was born in Linton, North Dakota. Her tenure of 31 years set a record for female college and university presidents in the United States.

Welder died on June 22, 2020 from kidney cancer in Bismarck, North Dakota at the age of 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from kidney cancer
Educators from North Dakota
Writers from North Dakota
Krishna Janmashtami, also known simply as Janmashtami or Gokulashtami, is an annual Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. It is observed according to the Hindu calendar. It is on the eighth day of the Krishna Pakshain Shraavana or Bhadrapad (depending on whether the calendar chooses the new moon or full moon day as the last day of the month), which overlaps with August/September . 

It is an important festival particularly to the Vaishnavism tradition of Hinduism. Dances of the life of Krishna according to the Bhagavata Purana (such as Rasa lila or Krishna Lila), devotional singing at midnight when Krishna was born, fasting (upavasa), a night vigil (ratri jagaran), and a festival (mahotsava) on the following day are a part of the Janmashtami celebrations. It is celebrated throughout India.

Krishna Janmashtami is followed by the festival Nandotsav, which celebrates the occasion when Nanda Maharaj, father of Krishna, distributed gifts to the villagers of Vrindavan in honour of the birth.

References 

Hindu festivals
The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (, Çumhuriji Şūraviji Sotsialistiji Toçikiston; , Tadžikskaja Sovetskaja Socialističeskaja Respublika), also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan and Tajik SSR, was one of the republics of the Soviet Union which lasted from 1929 to 1991.

Nowadays known as Tajikistan, which became a sovereign state after the fall of the Soviet Union, it is located in the southern mountaineous region of Central Asia.

The Tajik Republic was created on 5 December 1929 as a national place for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union. It succeeded the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik ASSR), which had been created on 14 October 1924 as a part of the mainly Turkic Uzbek SSR in the process of national delimitation in Soviet Central Asia.  On 24 August 1990, the Tajik SSR declared sovereignty in its borders and was renamed the "Republic of Tajikistan" on 31 August 1991, then finally declaring independence from the Soviet Union just a bit more than a week after.

Just like modern-day Tajikistan, it was bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kirghizia to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan was to its south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor.

1920s establishments in the Soviet Union
1929 establishments
1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
States and territories established in the 20th century
States and territories disestablished in the 1990s
History of Tajikistan
Republics of the Soviet Union
Pepe is a 1960 Mexican American musical comedy movie directed by George Sidney and based on the play Broadway Zauber by Leslie Bush-Fekete. It stars Cantinflas, Dan Dailey, Shirley Jones, Suzanne Lloyd, Carlos Montalbán, Vicki Trickett, Carlos Rivas, Hank Henry, Jack Lemmon and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 7 Academy Awards in 1961.

Other websites
 

1960s epic movies
1960s musical movies
1960 comedy movies
American musical movies
American comedy movies
Mexican movies
Movies directed by George Sidney
Columbia Pictures movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Not to be confused with Milli Surood, the Afghan national anthem.
Surudi Milli (tg. Суруди Миллӣ, سرود ملی, pron. [sʊˌɾuːd̪ɪ mɪlˈliː] "soo-ROO-dee mil-LEE"; lit. 'National Hymn' or 'National Anthem') is the national anthem of Tajikistan, adopted in 1994. It uses the old melody of the Tajik SSR anthem which was conposed by was composed by Suleiman Yudakov, a Bukharian Jew, in 1946. The lyrics were written by Gulnazar Keldi.

Lyrics 
Official lyrics

Translations

References
The COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). 

The first case in the Republic of Croatia was reported in Zagreb on 25 February, when a patient who had come from Italy was tested positive. The same day, the second case related to the first one was confirmed. 

In March 2020, a cluster of cases were reported in numerous Croatian cities. On 12 March, the first recovery was reported, and on 18 March the first death from the virus was confirmed.

On 15 June, two new cases, both of them from Zagreb, and six recoveries were reported. No deaths were recorded.

References

Croatia
History of Croatia
Penfield is a town in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 36,242 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Carlos Francisco Theodoro Machado Ribeiro de Lessa, better known simply as Carlos Lessa (July 30, 1936 – June 5, 2020) was a Brazilian economist and professor. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. From 2002 to 2003, he was Rector of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Between 2003 to 2004, Lessa was President of the Brazilian Development Bank.

Lessa died on June 5, 2020 in Rio de Janeiro from COVID-19, aged 83.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Brazilian businesspeople
Brazilian economists
People from Rio de Janeiro
Alan Dennis Metter (December 19, 1942 – June 7, 2020) was an American movie director. He was known for directing Back to School starring Rodney Dangerfield, and Girls Just Want to Have Fun with Sarah Jessica Parker. He also produced and directed the 1983 television special The Winds of Whoopie. He was born in Sharon, Massachusetts.

Metter died on June 7, 2020 from a heart attack in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, aged 77.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Florida
Movie directors from Massachusetts
Manresa () is the capital of the Comarca of Bages, located in the geographic centre of Catalonia, and crossed by the river Cardener.

References

Cities in Catalonia
Municipalities in Catalonia
Fisk University is a private historically black university in Nashville, Tennessee. The university was founded in 1866. Its  campus is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

References

Colleges and universities in Nashville, Tennessee
Ada Rapoport-Albert (; 26 October 1945 – 18 June 2020) was an Israeli-British scholar. She lived in the United Kingdom. She became an Associate Professor in Jewish History at University College London. In 2002, she became head of the department of Hebrew and Jewish Studies.

She was born in Tel Aviv. Rapoport-Albert died in London on 18 June 2020, aged 74.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
British historians
Israeli historians
People from Tel Aviv
Pappukutty Bhagavathar (; 29 March 1913 – 22 June 2020) was an Indian singer and actor. His works were in Malayalam cinema. He was born in Kochi, India. His best known roles were in Sthreehridayam, Sree Guruvayoorappan and in Kattukurangu.

Bhagavathar died of heart failure in New Delhi on 22 June 2020, aged 107.

References

1913 births
2020 deaths
Centenarians
Indian singers
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Deaths from heart failure
Schiller Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 11,793 at the 2010 census.

References

Villages in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
La Grange Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, the village, which is a suburb of Chicago, had a population of 13,579.

References

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Chicago Ridge is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 14,305 at the 2010 census.

References

Villages in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Worth Township is one of 29 townships in Cook County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 152,633. It was founded in 1849.

References

Townships in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Golf is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It was created in 1928. As of the 2010 census, the village had a population of 500. The community is mainly residential. It has a Metra train stop.

References

Villages in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Hollow Man is a 2000 American German science fiction thriller movie directed by Paul Verhoeven and inspired by the 1897 novel The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells. It stars Kevin Bacon, Elisabeth Shue, Josh Brolin, Kim Dickens, William Devane, Joey Slotnick and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2001 and was followed up by Hollow Man 2 in 2005.

Other websites
 

2000 science fiction movies
2000 thriller movies
American science fiction movies
American thriller movies
German science fiction movies
German thriller movies
Movies directed by Paul Verhoeven
Movies based on books
Columbia Pictures movies
Black Orpheus (Portuguese: Orfeu Negro ) is a 1959 French Brazilian Italian romantic fantasy drama movie directed by Marcel Camus (who also stars) and based on the play by Vinicius de Moraes. It stars Breno Mello, Marpessa Dawn, Fausto Guerzoni, Adhemar de Silva and won an Academy Award in 1960.

Other websites

1959 drama movies
1959 romance movies
1950s romantic drama movies
1950s fantasy movies
French romance movies
French drama movies
French fantasy movies
Brazilian movies
Italian romance movies
Italian drama movies
Italian fantasy movies
Movies directed by Marcel Camus
The April Fools is a 1969 American romantic comedy movie directed by Stuart Rosenberg and starring Jack Lemmon, Catherine Deneuve, Jack Weston, Charles Boyer, Sally Kellerman, Myrna Loy, Peter Lawford, Melinda Dillon, Harvey Korman. It was distributed by National General Pictures.

Other websites

1969 comedy movies
1969 romance movies
1960s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Stuart Rosenberg
Movies set in New York City
iOS 14 is the fourteenth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc., being the successor to iOS 13. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 22, 2020. It was released to the public on September 16, 2020.

IOS
Operating systems
The Western Highland treefrog (Litoria iris) is a small frog from New Guinea.

Male adult frogs are 3.6 cm long and females are 4.3 cm long.  Their backs can be any of a few colors but usually green with a thick black pattern.  They have orange coloring on their legs and some purple and blue on their middles and bellies.

They lay eggs on plants hanging over bodies of water. Tadpoles take two weeks to hatch and then fall off the leaf into the water.

References

Animals of Oceania
Frogs
Gaston Neal (1934 - October 21, 1999) was an American poet and activist. He was from Pittsburgh. He won a  Mayor’s Award for Excellence in Literary Arts. He co-founded the New School for Afro-American Thought.

References

Other websites 
 
 Gaston Neal: 100 Years of Black Writing anacostia.si.edu/

1934 births
1999 deaths
American poets
American activists
Writers from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
African-American people
Marina Rollman (born 9 August 1988 in Geneva) is a Swiss comedian.

Life 
She was raised in Geneva. She continued her studies in Switzerland then continued in Paris. In 2009, she performed at a comedy contest in Paris, but flopped. She worked in advertising, saleswoman in a food truck, and babysitter for Natalie Portman. 

In 2013, she tried again as a comedian, supported by Thomas Wiesel. She started at open mic in Switzerland, then in radio and television. She performed at the Montreux Laughter Festival, at the Jamel Comedy Club, and with Gad Elmaleh.

She appears in the RTS La Première program Les Beaux Parleurs. She also appears in the France Inter program La Bande originale hosted by Nagui.

On stage, she has appeared at the Théâtre de l'Œuvre in Paris.

References 

1988 births
Living people
Swiss entertainers
Comedians
People from Geneva
Hotel Transylvania 2 is a 2015 American computer-animated comedy movie produced by Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation, it is the sequel to Hotel Transylvania, starring Adam Sandler as the voice of Dracula and Selena Gomez as Mavis, Dracula's daughter, and features Asher Blinkoff as Dennis.

Plot

Now that Dracula (Adam Sandler) has opened the Hotel Transylvania's doors to humans, things are changing for the better; however, Drac is secretly worried that his half-human grandson, Dennis, isn't showing his vampire side. So, while Mavis and Johnny are away, Drac enlists his friends to help him put the boy through a "monster-in-training" boot camp. But things really get batty when Drac's cantankerous, old-school dad (Mel Brooks) pays an unexpected visit.

2015 animated movies
2010s fantasy movies
2010s 3D movies
2015 horror movies
2010s monster movies
2010s sequel movies
2015 comedy movies
American animated movies
American comedy movies
American family movies
American fantasy movies
American monster movies
American sequel movies
Columbia Pictures movies
Computer-animated movies
English-language movies
Frankenstein movies
Hotel Transylvania
Movies about families
Movies about vacationing
Movies directed by Genndy Tartakovsky
Movies set in California
Movies set in Europe
Movies set in Scotland
Movies set in hotels
Screenplays by Adam Sandler
Werewolves in movies
Vampires in movies
Michy Batshuayi-Atunga (born 2 October 1993) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Chelsea and the Belgium national team.

He was part of the Belgium squad that got third place at the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Career statistics

International career statistics

References

Other websites 
 

1993 births
Living people
Belgian footballers
Chelsea F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Premier League players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
Association football forwards
Sportspeople from Brussels
The Jervis Bay tree frog (Litoria jervisiensis) is a frog from Australia.  It lives near the ocean in New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.  It does not live in Jervis Bay.

These frogs have yellow colouring where their front legs meet their bodies.

They live in eucalyptus forests, other forests, and on plants near streams. They also live on sandy dunes and lagoons near the ocean.

Unlike other frogs that live in New South Wales, Jervis Bay tree frogs like to lay eggs in the cold parts of the year.  They lay eggs in on underwater sticks.  They take 12 weeks to transform into frogs.

References

Animals of Australia
Frogs
The James W. Dalton Highway, usually called the Dalton Highway and signed as the Alaska Route 11, is a road in Alaska. It used to be called North Slope Haul Road, and some people still call it this. The road is  long. It starts from the Elliott Highway just north of Fairbanks and travels north, ending near to the Arctic Ocean coast at Deadhorse. It follows the path next to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. Many people think the highway is one of the most dangerous in the world. It was on one of the episodes of the BBC's programe World's Most Dangerous Roads.

There are only three very small towns along the route: Coldfoot (population: 10), Wiseman (population: 22), and Deadhorse (population: 25). Prospect Creek and Galbraith Lake only have campers there, and nobody lives there. The road is made mostly of gravel. About  of the road is paved. People who travel on the road are told to bring first aid kits and other items for survival, in case they have an emergency.

References

Roads in the United States
Alaska
Arctic highways
Roads in Alaska
Bloons is a video game series. It is made by Ninja Kiwi.

Making
The first Bloons game was made by Stephen and Chris Harris, who are two brothers from New Zealand. Before working on Bloons, the brothers had released Cash Sprint, which was a racing game. After Cash Sprint proved to be successful, the brothers made their own  website for flash games. However, the site wasn’t successful. The brothers decided to focus on making their own games, and made a website called Ninja Kiwi, which had five games when it opened. The site was a success, and this led to the brothers’ work on Bloons.

The basic concept for Bloons came from Stephen's wife. When Stephen asked her what would be fun in a new game, she talked about  carnival games with darts and balloons. The first version of Bloons was developed quickly, and the game was released in April 2007. It proved popular, and soon reached nearly 100,000 players per day. By 2011, Bloons had been played over 3 billion times.

References

Other websites
 Ninja Kiwi official website

Online games
The A7, also called l'autoroute du Soleil (Autoroute of the Sun) along with the A6 in French, is an autoroute (motorway) in France. It links Lyon with Marseille. In Lyon, the autoroute joins onto the A6 towards Paris. The A7 is  long. It is part of the E15, E80, and E714 European routes.

Exits and junctions
  A7-A6 Junction
  01 1.8 km: Lyon-centre
  02 2.3 km: Lyon-centre
  03 4 km: Oullins
  04 5.5 km: Pierre-Bénite
  05 5.5 km: St.-Fons (vers le Boulevard Périphérique, via le Boulevard Pierre-Sémard)
  06 9.1 km: Vénissieux
  Aire de Solaize
  07 13.5 km: Solaize
  07a 14 km: Sérézin-du-Rhône
  Aire de Sérézin-du-Rhône (southbound)
  A7-A46-A47 Junction
  08 21.5 km: chasse-sur-Rhône (de Marseille)
  09 26 km: Vienne, Valence par N7, Grenoble par RN (de Lyon)
  10 32 km: Vienne, L'Isle d'Abeau (de Marseille)
  Péage de Vienne
  Aires de repos : Auberives (northbound) Grande Borne (Southbound)

  Aire de SRoussilon (northbound Petrol only)
  12 33 km: Chanas Annonay / N82
  Aire de St Rambert d'Albon
  Aires de repos : Blacheronde (northbound) Combe Tourmente (southbound)
  Aires de repos : Bornaron/La Galaure
  Aires de repos : Bouterne (southbound)
  13 : Tain l'Hermittage Romans
  Aire de Pont de l'Isere/Latitude 45'
  14: Valence nord
  15: Gap Valence vers A49 / N532
  Aire de Portes les Valence
  Aires de repos : Bellevue/Livron
  16: Loriol-sur-Drôme Crest Privas
  Aire de Bras de Zil (AR)/Saulce
  17: Montélimar Le Teil Dieulefit
  Aire de Montélimar
  Aires de repos : Coucourde/Le logis neuf
  Aires de repos : Savasse/Roubion
  18: Montélimar Aubenas Le Puy-en-Velay
  Aires de repos : Donzere (southbound) Pierrelate (northbound)
  Aires de repos : Tricastin (southbound)
  19: Bollène Alès
  Aire de Mornas les Adrets (southbound) Mornas village (northbound)
  A7-A9 Junction
  21 167 km: Orange
  Aires de repos : Orange le Gres/Orange le Coudoulet
  Aires de repos : Le Fournalet (northbound)
  22 172 km: Orange sud Carpentras
  Aire de Sorgues (southbound)
 Aire de Repos: Le Fournalet (northbound)
  23 188 km: Avignon nord Carpentras
  Aire de Morieres (northbound)
  24 198 km: Avignon sud, Apt
  Aires de repos : Noves (southbound) Cabannes (northbound)
  Aires de repos : Cavaillon
 *  25 211 km: Cavaillon Arles Beaucaire et Tarascon
  Aires de repos : Sénas
  26 221 km: Sénas
  Aires de repos : Lamanon (southbound)
  27 229 km: Rognac, Avignon et Lyon par RN
  A7-A54 Junction
  Péage de Lançon Provence
  Aires de repos :
  A7-A8 Junction
  29 254 km: Rognac Berre
  Aire de Vitrolles
  30 : Vitrolles
  29: Aéroport Marignane
  30: Les Pennes-Mirabeau (de Marseille)
  A7-A55 Junction
  31: Les Pennes-Mirabeau (de Lyon)
  A7-A51 Junction
  32: St Antoine (N8)
  33: Les Aygalades
  34: Les Arnavaux
  A7-A507 Junction
  35: La Rose, Aubagne, Toulon par RN
  36: A557 liaison vers A55, Bd.-Plombière (depuis Lyon)
  37: Saint Charles
 Terminus at Porte d'Aix

A07
Alphonse Poirée (31 December 1883, Gron - 14 November 1922, Villepinte) was a French aviator, in the First World War, and post-war test pilot. He was awarded the  Order of St. George, and Knight of the Legion of Honor .

During World War I, he was attached to the Russian Army. After the war, he was killed testing the Caudron C 74, when a propeller  severed the tail.

References 

1883 births
1922 deaths
French aviators
French military personnel of World War I
Legion of Honour
People from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Sabine Werner (born 5 September 1960 Tübingen) is a German biochemist and professor of cell biology at ETH Zurich. She is an editor of  European Journal of Cell Biology. She was awarded the Otto Hahn Medal. In 2008 she received the Cloëtta Prize.

She studied at University of Tübingen, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, and Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.

Her work focuses on the role of growth factors in wound healing and cancer.

References
The A8 is an autoroute (motorway) in France. It goes across the southern coast of France between Marseille and the border with Italy. It is about  long. The whole autoroute is part of the European route E80. The autoroute also goes past Cannes and Nice. It passes near to the principality of Monaco.

Exits and junctions
 28 : A7 autoroute, Coudoux
  Aires de repos:  Ventabren
 29 18 km: Aix-en-Provence (ouest)
 28 : A51 autoroute
 30 19 km: Aix-en-Provence (pont de l'Arc)
 31 21 km: Aix-en-Provence (est)
 32 27 km: N7 Châteauneuf-le-Rouge
  Péage de La Barque
  : A52 autoroute
  Aires de service: Rousset (eastbound) L'Arc (westbound)
 33 47 km: Pourrières
  Aires de repos:  Saint-Hilaire (eastbound) Barcelone (westbound)
 34 58 km: Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume
  Aires de service: Cambarette
 35 74 km: Brignoles
 Aires de repos: Roudai/Candumy
  : A57 autoroute
  Aires de service: Vidauban
 36 118 km: Draguignan / Le Muy, Gulf of Saint-Tropez
  Aires de repos:  Jas Pellicot
  Aires de service:  Canaver
 37 129 km: Fréjus / Puget-sur-Argens
  Péage de Le Capitou/Fréjus Ouest
 38 134 km: Fréjus / Saint-Raphaël
  Aires de service:  L'Esterel
 39 145 km: les Adrets-de-l'Esterel
 40 157 km: Mandelieu-la-Napoule
 41 159 km: Cannes / Les Tourrades
 42 165 km: Cannes / Mougins
 Aires de repos:  Piccolaret
  Aires de service:  Breguieres
 44 171 km: Antibes Ouest, Sophia Antipolis
  Péage d' Antibes Ouest
 46 178 km: Villeneuve-Loubet / Bouches du Loup
 47 179 km: Villeneuve-Loubet Centre
 48 181 km: Cagnes-sur-Mer
 49 185 km: Saint-Laurent-du-Var
 50 186 km: Nice (promenade des Anglais)
 51 187 km: Nice (Saint-Augustin)
  Péage de Nice Saint-Isidore
 52 190 km: Nice (Saint-Isidore)
 54 197 km: Nice (nord)
 55 199.5 km: Nice (l'Ariane)
 56 :  Monaco (A500 Spur)
  Péage de La Turbie
 57 208 km: La Turbie
  Aires de service:  La Scoperta (eastbound) Beausoleil (westbound)
 58 214 km: Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
 59 220 km: Menton
 State border
 224 km  Autostrada A10 (Italy)

A08
Affinity chromatography is one way scientists separate molecules from each other.  Using affinity chromatography, they can take just one kind of molecule out of a mixture of many molecules.  Affinity chromatography works on molecules that exist inside the bodies of living things and not on other molecules.  Affinity chromatography is one kind of liquid chromatography.

Affinity chromatography works because most molecules from inside living things stick to some molecules but not others, the way magnets stick to opposite magnets but not to wood or plastic.  An antibody will stick to its antigen but not to a different antibody's antigen.  A protein will stick to its own receptor or inhibitor but not to a different protein's receptor or inhibitor.  A DNA-splicing protein will stick to its own DNA sequence but not to a different DNA sequence.  In affinity chromatography, the thing that the target molecule sticks to is called the ligand.

To prepare for affinity chromatography, scientists decide which molecule they want and find its ligand.  The ligand could be an antibody if the target molecule has an antigen; DNA if the target molecule is a polymerase, DNA-binding protein, or DNA-binding enzyme; aromatic molecules if the target is a different kind of enzyme; or a peptide if the target is another biomolecule.  Then they prepare a stationary phase and treat it with the ligand.  The stationary phase can be membranes, special beads, or supports with different-sized pores in them.

Then the scientists pour the mixture, or mobile phase over the stationary phase.  Sometimes, the scientists add a binding buffer to help the target molecule stick to its ligand.  Then the scientists rinse away the rest of the mixture.  The target molecule is stuck to its ligand, which is stuck to the stationary phase, so it is not rinsed away.  Then the scientists add an elution buffer to make the ligand let go of the target molecule so they can collect it.  Scientists sometimes use machines or special tools to hold the stationary phase in exactly the right position and to pour the mixture, rinse, and other treatments in exactly the right way.

In some affinity chromatography, the binding buffer and elution buffer work by changing the pH of the solution.  That means they make it more acidic or less acidic.  Because most molecules from living things change shape depending on how much acid is nearby, the binding buffer and elution buffer can make the ligand and target molecule change shape to hold on tighter or let go of each other.

Affinity chromatography does not always work perfectly.  Sometimes the scientists must purify the target molecule to make sure they did not accidentally collect other molecules too.

Because scientists need to prepare a stationary phase with exactly the right ligand, they can only use affinity chromatography to collect molecules that they already understand well.  Usually, they cannot use affinity chromatography to collect new or strange molecules.

References

Biochemistry
Laboratory techniques
Hard Asphalt () is a 1986 Norwegian drama movie directed by Sølve Skagen and starring Frank Kong, Kristin Kajander, Marianne Nielsen, Morten Faldaas, Liv Heløe, Tone Schwarzott, Tom Tellefsen.

Other websites
 

1986 drama movies
Norwegian movies
Cloudstone is a role-playing video game that was released by Playsaurus in 2011. It was the first game to be released by Playsaurus, with Clicker Heroes being the next game. In fact, many of the monsters in Cloudstone were later used in Clicker Heroes. 

Cloudstone was taken off Kongregate on November 20, 2017.

Gameplay 
In Cloudstone, the player plays the game as an unnamed character. Cloudstone is played by clicking on a spot in the level to move there. There are many levels in Cloudstone. Some levels contain chests full of potions and weapons, while some contain monsters to fight. Monsters can be attacked by clicking on them when the player is close to them. Monsters give a currency called gold, which can be used to buy weapons and armor. Unlike in Clicker Heroes, monsters can fight back and damage the player. The game is lost if the player dies.

Reception 
Cloudstone did  not receive much attention from critics. However, on Kongregate, users commented on Cloudstone and gave it mixed reviews.

Related pages 
Clicker Heroes

References 

Role-playing video games
The Elephant Keeper (; ) is a 1987 Thai drama movie directed by Chatrichalerm Yukol and starring Sorapong Chatree, Ad Carabao.

Other websites
 

1987 drama movies
Thai movies
Movies directed by Chatrichalerm Yukol
Olesya Nikolaeva is a Russian volleyball player. She played at the 2015 European Games, 2015 Montreux Volley Masters, 2015 Summer Universiade, and 2015–16 CEV Women's Champions League.

She played for Dinamo Kazan.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Russian volleyball players
Angela Madsen (May 10, 1960 – June 22, 2020) was an American Paralympian sportswoman. She participated in both rowing and track and field. She won a bronze medal in the shot put at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Madsen, along with team-mate Helen Taylor, is the first woman to have rowed across the Indian Ocean. Madsen was born in Long Beach, California.

Madsen drowned while rowing near Honolulu, Hawaii on June 22, 2020 at the age of 60.

References

1960 births
2020 deaths
Accidental deaths by drowning
Paralympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from California
People from Long Beach, California
Nikos Alefantos (, 3 January 1939 – 23 June 2020) was a Greek professional footballer and football coach. He was born in Athens. Alefantos managed several clubs in the Greek Super League, including Olympiacos F.C. during 2004. He also had played for Larissa F.C. in 1975 and 1990. From 1952 to 1969, he played as a footballer. From 1969 to 2004, he had a career as a football manager.

Alefantos died on 23 June 2020 in Athens from a heart attack, aged 81.

References

Other websites
Alefantos Biography 

1939 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Greek football managers
Greek footballers
People from Athens
Nikolai Borisovich Fadeyechev (, 27 January 1933 – 23 June 2020) was a Soviet and Russian ballet dancer and educator. He was honored with the People's Artist of the USSR in 1976. Fadeyechev was born in Moscow. He retired from ballet dancing in 1977 and later became a ballet educator.

He was known for his works with the Bolshoi Theatre. He danced alongside some of the company's great ballerinas, including Galina Ulanova in Giselle and Les Sylphides, and was a regular partner with Maya Plisetskaya, Raisa Struchkova, Nina Timofeeva, Marina Kondratyeva, Natalia Bessmertnova, Ekaterina Maximova and Ludmila Semenyaka.

Fadeyechev died of heart failure on 23 June 2020 in Moscow, aged 87.

References

Other websites
 Fadeyechev's page on the Bolshoi Theatre web site 

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Ballet dancers
Russian educators
People from Moscow
Towns County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,471. Its county seat is Hiawassee. The county was created on March 6, 1856.

References

1856 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Hiawassee is the county seat of Towns County, Georgia, United States. The community's population was 880 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
County seats in Georgia
César Bosco Vivas Robelo (14 November 1941 – 23 June 2020) was a Nicaraguan Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Masaya, Nicaragua. He was ordained a priest in 1970 by Pope Paul VI. In 1991, he became Diocese of León. He retired in 2019. 

Vivas Robelo died on 23 June 2020 at a hospital in Managua, Nicaragua from respiratory failure, aged 78.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Bishops
Roman Catholics
Deaths from respiratory failure
Nicaraguan people
Jamaal Bowman (born April 1, 1976) is an American educator and political activist. He is the Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 16th congressional district since 2021.

He was the Democratic nominee in the 2020 elections for the U.S. House, defeating  incumbent Eliot Engel.

He is a former principal and founder of the Cornerstone Academy for Social Action, a public middle school in The Bronx.

His congressional campaign against Engel was compared to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's primary challenge against Joe Crowley. Bowman's campaign was supported by Ocasio-Cortez, Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, and the editorial board of The New York Times. He defeated Engel in the primary.

References

Other websites
 Campaign website

1976 births
Living people
Educators from New York City
American political activists
American progressives
United States representatives from New York
Politicians from New York City
US Democratic Party politicians
The Carter Center is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 1982 by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. 

Carter and his wife Rosalynn Carter partnered with Emory University just after he lost in the 1980 U.S. Presidential elections to Ronald Reagan. 

The center is located in a shared building next to the Jimmy Carter Library and Museum on  of parkland, just two miles (3 km) from downtown Atlanta, Georgia. The library and museum are owned and operated by the United States National Archives and Records Administration, while the Center is governed by a Board of Trustees.

The Carter Center's goal is to advance human rights and to stop human suffering, including helping improve the quality of life for people in more than 80 countries. T

he center has many projects including election monitoring, supporting locally led state-building and democratic institution-building in many  countries and talking with heads of states on behalf of victims of human rights abuses. 

It also leads disease eradication efforts, spearheading the campaign to eradicate Guinea worm disease, as well as controlling and treating onchocerciasis, trachoma, lymphatic filariasis, and malaria through awareness campaigns.

References

Political organizations
Jimmy Carter
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature of Georgia, USA).

According to the state constitution of 1983, this body is to be made of no more than 56 members elected for two-year terms. Current state law provides for 56 members. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in even-numbered years.

Senators must be at least 25 years old, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Georgia for two years and their senatorial district for one year (preceding the election). The highest position in the Senate is the President of the Senate.

Current makeup

Other websites
 

Georgia (U.S. state)
State upper houses in the United States
The 1970 Georgia gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1970. It was known for electing little-known former state Senator Jimmy Carter Governor of Georgia after a hard battle in the Democratic primary.

This election is famous because Carter, who was often seen as one of the New South Governors, later ran for president in 1976 on his gubernatorial record and won.

As of , this is the last time Fulton County voted for the Republican candidate.

Democratic Primary results

First round
 Jimmy Carter – 388,280 (48.62%) 	
 Carl Sanders – 301,659 (37.77%)
 Chevene B. "C. B." King – 70,424 (8.82%)
 Ku Klux Klan leader Jesse Stoner – 17,663 (2.21%)
 McKee Hargett – 9,440 (1.18%)
 Thomas J. Irwin – 4,184 (0.52%)
 Adam B. Matthews – 3,332 (0.42%)

Runoff
A runoff was held on September 23:
 Carter – 506,462 (59.42%)
 Sanders – 345,906 (40.58%)

Republican Primary results
 Harold Columbus "Hal" Suit (1922–1994) – 62,868 (60.97%)
 James L. Bentley – 40,251 (39.03%)

General election

References

1970 in the United States
Jimmy Carter
Harold Columbus "Hal" Suit (April 1, 1922—November 20, 1994) was an American local television news personality and politician. He won the 1970 Republican nomination for Governor of Georgia but lost the November general election to future U.S. President Jimmy Carter.

References

1922 births
1994 deaths
American television news anchors
American radio personalities
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Ohio
People from Youngstown, Ohio
US Republican Party politicians
Lester Garfield Maddox Sr. (September 30, 1915 – June 25, 2003) was an American politician. He was the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971. He was a Democrat and supporter for racial segregation. He was Lieutenant Governor during the period when Jimmy Carter was Governor.

References

1915 births
2003 deaths
Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)
Lieutenant Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Politicians from Atlanta, Georgia
Businesspeople from Atlanta, Georgia
US Democratic Party politicians
George Dekle Busbee Sr. (August 7, 1927 – July 16, 2004), was an American politician. He was the 77th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1975 to 1983. He was a senior partner at King & Spalding thereafter.

Other websites
 New Georgia Encyclopedia profile of George Busbee 
 

1927 births
2004 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
US Democratic Party politicians
Hugh Alton Carter Sr. (August 13, 1920 – June 24, 1999) was an American Democratic politician and businessman from Georgia. He was born in Plains, Georgia. Carter was a member of the Georgia State Senate from 1967 to 1981.

His cousin is former President Jimmy Carter.

References

US Democratic Party politicians
People from Plains, Georgia
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
State legislators of the United States
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Jimmy Carter
1920 births
1999 deaths
John William Carter (born July 3, 1947) is an American businessman and politician. He unsuccessfully ran for the United States Senate in Nevada in 2006. Carter is the eldest child of former President Jimmy Carter and First Lady Rosalynn Carter.

References

1947 births
Living people
Jimmy Carter
Businesspeople from Virginia
Politicians from Virginia
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Plains, Georgia
US Democratic Party politicians
James Earl Carter (September 12, 1894 – July 22, 1953) was an American politician, businessman, and farmer. He was from Plains, Georgia. He was the father of Jimmy Carter.

Carter was a conservative in his political views.

Carter, Sr. was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives in 1953, as a Democrat, and served briefly representing Sumter County until his death later that year. Carter had previously served on the Sumter County Board of Education.

References

1894 births
1953 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
State legislators of the United States
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Plains, Georgia
US Democratic Party politicians
Jimmy Carter
Arlington is a city in Calhoun and Early counties, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 1,479.

References

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
The city of Blakely is the county seat of Early County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 5,068.

References

County seats in Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
The American Campaign Medal is a military award of the United States Armed Forces which was first created on November 6, 1942, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. 

The medal was seen to recognize those military members who had performed military service in the American Theater of Operations during World War II.

References

Military of the United States
Awards
The China Service Medal was a service medal awarded to U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard personnel. The medal was created by Navy Department General Order No. 176 on 1 July 1942.  The medal recognized service in and around China before and after World War II.

References

Awards
The National Defense Service Medal (NDSM) is a service award of the United States Armed Forces created by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953.  It is awarded to every member of the US Armed Forces.

References

Awards
The 1976 Democratic presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1976 U.S. presidential election. 

Former Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1976 Democratic National Convention held from July 12 to July 15, 1976, in New York City.

Candidates

Nominee

Eliminated at convention

Withdrew before convention

References

United States Democratic Party
United States presidential primary elections
1976 in the United States