The world map has changed a lot throughout history. This page lists some of the changes.

21st Century

2010s
April 19, 2018 - The Republic of Swaziland changed its name to the Republic of Eswantini
July 9, 2011-The Republic of South Sudan becomes its own country

2000s
February 17, 2008 - The Republic of Kosovo declares independence from Serbia. Its independence is only partly recognized.
June 8, 2006-Serbia and Montenegro splits into the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro
May 20, 2002-East Timor becomes independent from Indonesia

20th Century

1990s
December 31, 1999-The United States gives the Panama Canal Zone to Panama
December 20, 1999-Macau is given from Portugal to the People's Republic of China
July 1, 1997-Hong Kong is given from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China
May 24, 1993-Eritrea becomes independent
January 1, 1993-Czechoslovakia breaks up into The Czech Republic and Slovakia.
1991-The Soviet Union breaks up. The countries of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan are formed.
October 3, 1990-The Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic merge. They take the name the Federal Republic of Germany.

1980s
September 21, 1981-Belize becomes independent from the United Kingdom

1970s
December 1971-The United Arab Emirates forms

1960s
July 5, 1962-The Algerian State becomes independent of France
October 1, 1960-The Federation of Nigeria becomes its own country
August 15, 1960-The Republic of the Congo becomes its own country
August 3, 1960-The Republic of Niger becomes its own country

1950s
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan becomes the Republic of the Sudan

1940s
September 9, 1948-The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is formed in northern Korea
August 15, 1948-The Republic of Korea is formed in southern Korea
May 14, 1948-Israel becomes independent
August 15, 1947-The Union of India becomes independent from the United Kingdom
August 14, 1947-The Dominion of Pakistan becomes independent from the United Kingdom
August 17, 1945-The Republic of Indonesia becomes independent from the Netherlands

1930s
February 16, 1934-The Dominion of Newfoundland joins Canada

1920s
The end of the Ottoman Empire:
Occupation of Constantinople after WWI (13 November 1918 – 23 September 1923)
Sultanate abolished (ended) on 1 November 1922, and the last Sultan, Mehmed VI (reigned 1918–22), left the country on 17 November 1922. 
Republic of Turkey founded on 29 October 1923. The Caliphate was abolished on 3 March 1924.
December 6, 1922-The Irish Free State becomes independent from the United Kingdom

1910s
December 1, 1918-Kingdom of Romania merges with all the principalities (Țara Românească , Moldova and Transilvania) after the Treaty of Trianon and the collapse of the Russian Empire .
Novemeber 11, 1918-The German Empire is dissolved and the Treaty of Versailles is signed which gives land to France, Belgium, Denmark and Poland. German colonies are spilt between France, Belgium and The United Kingdom
October 14, 1918-Austria-Hungary is dissolved into Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. 
January 2, 1918-Finland becomes independent from the Soviet Union
August 22, 1910-Japan takes over Korea

1900s
August 5, 1908-Bulgaria splits off from the Ottoman Empire

19th Century

1870s
January 18, 1871- The German Empire is formed as one nation from a multitude of smaller German States.

1860s
October 18, 1867-The United States of America buys Alaska from Russia
March 17, 1861-The Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont becomes the Kingdom of Italy

1840s
February 2, 1848- After the Second MexicanAmerican War (April 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848) much of northwestern Mexico becomes part of the United States

1830s
March 2, 1836-The Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico

1820s
September 7, 1822-The Empire of Brazil declares independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves
September 7, 1821-The First Mexican Empire is formed

1810s
July 9, 1810-France annexes (adds to its territory) Holland

1800s
August 6, 1806-The Holy Roman Empire is dissolved
January 1, 1804-Haiti becomes independent from France
1803-The United States buys the Louisiana Territory from France

References

Geography-related lists