cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) is a cosmopolitan bird of prey in the family Falconidae. It can also be known just as the peregrine, and was once called the "Duck hawk" in North America. In Pakistan it is officially the military iconic symbol of the PAF and the unofficial territory bird of Gilgit-Baltistan.

The peregrin is a crow-sized falcon, with a blue-grey back, barred white underparts, and a black head and "moustache". It can go at up to 322 km/h (200 mph) in a dive, which means it is the fastest animal in the world. As with other bird-eating raptors, the female is bigger than the male. There are 17–19 subspecies recorded, and each varies slightly in appearance and where they live. There is disagreement over whether the distinctive Barbary falcon is a subspecies of the Peregrine or just a different species.

The use of certain pesticides, especially DDT was not good for the animals. It could be shown that in areas where DDT was used, the thickness of the shells of their eggs was reduced. This caused a dramatic decline in their numbers, in certain countries. Since the use of DDT has been forbidden in many countries, their numbers are increasing again. This recovery was helped because their nesting places were protected in many countries; some countries also bred these falcons in captivity and released them into the wild.

Other websites 

Conservation organizations:
 European Peregrine Falcon Working Group
 Peregrine Falcon Fund
 The Canadian Peregrine Foundation
 Falcon Research Group

References 

Falconiformes
Birds of Pakistan
Birds of Kashmir
The Mozilla Public License (MPL) is a free and open source software license developed and maintained by the Mozilla Foundation. It is a weak copyleft, characterized as a middle ground between permissive free software licenses and the GNU General Public License (GPL), that seeks to balance the concerns of proprietary and open source developers. As such, it allows re-licensing. MPL software can thus be converted into a copyleft license such as the GPL, or to a proprietary license (example:KaiOS).

It has undergone two revisions, a minor update to version 1.1, and a major update to version 2.0 with the goals of greater simplicity and better compatibility with other licenses.

The MPL is the license for Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla Thunderbird, and most other Mozilla software, but it has been used by others, such as Adobe to license their Flex product line, and The Document Foundation to license LibreOffice 4.0 (also on LGPL 3+). Version 1.1 was adapted by several projects to form derivative licenses like Sun Microsystems' own Common Development and Distribution License.

The MPL license was approved as an Open Source software license by the Open Source Initiative also as a Free Software license by the Free Software Foundation.

Version 1.0 was created by Mitchell Baker when she was working as a lawyer at Netscape Communications Corporation and version 1.1 when she was working at the Mozilla Foundation.

Related pages
 List of software licenses

References

Software licences
Mozilla
Ubisoft formerly as Ubi Soft is a company that makes video games. They are based in Canada. They are famous for making many popular games including the Rayman franchise and the Tom Clancy games such as Rainbow Six and Splinter Cell.

Companies of France
Video game companies
French culture
"Hero / Heroine" is the 2nd single by rock and roll-Alternative pop band Boys Like Girls. It is off the album Boys Like Girls.

Music video
The music video for "Hero/Heroine" was released in September 2007.

2007 songs
Boys Like Girls songs
Thunder is a single released by American rock band Boys Like Girls. Thunder was released May 6th, 2008 on radio airplay. The single was originally released months before May 6, 2008 as an acoustic version. The song was released off the album Boys Like Girls.

Music Video
The music video shows a group of friends, in which there are couples, hang out. The music video starts with the band playing, and then moves on to the friends going to restaurant to eat, with intervals of the band playing. The friends then go a field, where they drink and laugh. The friends then start making a human pyramid, but fail. The couples start hanging out alone and kissing. From this on, the band is shown playing in the rain. The friends are then shown going to a swimming pool and start swimming, with a couple kissing underwater. They then run through a carpark and stand by the railings to see the sunrise. The couples are then kissing again, and the music video ends with the band leaving their instruments.

FN'MTV
The video for Thunder was released on the MTV summer special Friday Night MTV (or FNMTV).

Boys Like Girls songs
2008 songs
Alexander Berkman (November 21, 1870 – June 28, 1936) was a Russian-American writer and a leading member of the anarchist movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries. He was the lover of Emma Goldman. In 1892, he tried to kill Henry Clay Frick because of his involvement with the Homestead Strike. During World War I, he was deported along with Goldman and other foreign-born American anarchists as a result of the Anarchist Exclusion Act. Continuing to write and speak to the poors, Berkman died in France in 1936.

Bibliography

Books by Berkman 
Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist. New York: Mother Earth Publishing Association, 1912.
The Bolshevik Myth (Diary 1920-1922). New York: Boni and Liveright, 1925.
Now and After: The ABC of Communist Anarchism. New York: Vanguard Press, 1929.
Also known as What Is Communist Anarchism? and What Is Anarchism?

Edited collections
Life of an Anarchist: The Alexander Berkman Reader. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1992. .
The Blast: Complete Collection of the Incendiary San Francisco Bi-Monthly Anarchist Newspaper. Oakland: AK Press, 2005. .

Related pages
List of anarchists

1870 births
1936 deaths
American political writers
Russian writers
Anarchists
People who committed suicide
Murray Bookchin (January 14, 1921 – July 30, 2006) was an American libertarian socialist, political and social philosopher, speaker and writer. For much of his life he called himself an anarchist, although as early as 1995 he privately renounced his identification with the anarchist movement. A pioneer in the ecology movement, Bookchin was the founder of the social ecology movement within libertarian socialist and ecological thought. He was the author of two dozen books on politics, philosophy, history, and urban affairs as well as ecology.

Bookchin was a radical anti-capitalist and always favored the decentralisation of society. His writings on libertarian municipalism, a theory of face-to-face, grassroots democracy, had an influence on the Green Movement and anti-capitalist direct action groups such as Reclaim the Streets. His criticisms of "new age" Greens such as Charlene Spretnak contributed to the divisions in the American Green movement in the 1990s.

Although an anti-capitalist, Murray Bookchin often met with libertarian thinker Murray Rothbard and occasionally attended Libertarian Party (United States) conventions, endorsing their presidential candidate Roger MacBride in 1976.

Bookchin has influenced the thinking of captured Kurdish militant Abdullah Öcalan, who has renounced violence and now wants a peaceful solution to the question of Kurdish autonomy.

Libertarian municipalism
Bookchin was the first to use the term "Libertarian municipalism", to describe a system in which libertarian institutions of directly democratic assemblies would oppose and replace the State with a confederation of free municipalities. Libertarian municipalism intends to create a situation in which the two powers—the municipal confederations and the nation-state—cannot coexist.

Bibliography

Books
 Our Synthetic Environment 1962
 
 The Limits of the City (1973) .
 
 
 
 
 The Rise of Urbanization and the Decline of Citizenship (1987 and 1992)
 The Philosophy of Social Ecology: Essays on Dialectical Naturalism (1990 and 1996) Montreal: Black Rose Books.

Articles
 " Beyond Neo-Marxism ". TELOS 36 (Summer 1978). New York: Telos Press

References

 Biehl, Janet (1997), The Murray Bookchin Reader (An Anthology). Cassell .

Other websites
 Murray Bookchin Archive at Anarchy Archives
 Institute for Social Ecology (ISE)
 Communalism: International Journal for a Rational Society
 Social Ecology London. English study/action group exploring Bookchin's ideas.
 Democratic Alternative. Scandinavian communalist organization based on Bookchin's ideas. In Svenska, Norsk, Espanol, English.
 My Graphics About Murray Bookchin: blog and archive of comic strip stories about Bookchin's life maintained by Janet Biehl.

1921 births
2006 deaths
American anarchists
Jewish American writers
American historians
Green anarchism
People from Burlington, Vermont
Writers from New York City
Green thinkers
Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana Korbelová on May 15, 1937) is a former American diplomat and politician of Czech-Jewish descent.

She was born in Czechoslovakia. Her father was Josef Korbel.  She was the first woman to become United States Secretary of State. She was appointed by President Bill Clinton on December 5, 1996.  Ninety-nine United States Senators voted to confirm her.  No senator voted against her.  She was sworn in (taking office) on January 23, 1997. She is currently a professor at Georgetown University.

Before she was Secretary of State, Albright was the United States Ambassador to the United Nations.  She began at the UN on February 6, 1993.

Books
Madam Secretary (2003)
The Mighty and the Almighty: Reflections on America, God, and World Affairs (2006)
Memo to the President Elect: How We Can Restore America's Reputation and Leadership (2008).
Read My Pins (2009).

References 

1937 births
Living people
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Columbia University alumni
Czech Jews
Czechoslovak people
Jewish American academics
Jewish American politicians
Jewish American writers
Jewish women politicians
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Naturalized citizens of the United States
United States Ambassadors to the United Nations
United States Secretaries of State
US Democratic Party politicians
Women diplomats
Writers from Prague
Educators from Virginia
Politicians from Virginia
The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State. This department deals with foreign affairs. The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. This person is the highest-ranking cabinet secretary both in line of succession and order of precedence. The President chooses the person they want to be Secretary of the State. The United States Senate must agree with this choice for the person to become the Secretary of State.

The position of Secretary of State was created in April 6, 1789. Thomas Jefferson was the first Secretary. The Presidential order of succession lists the Secretary of State as the 4th person in line if something happens to the President.

Duties
The first duties of the Secretary of State included:
Publication, distribution, and preservation of the laws of the United States
Managing the commissions of people the President puts into office.
Custody of the Great Seal of the United States
Custody of the records of the former Secretary of the Continental Congress, except for those of the Treasury and War Departments

The following are the responsibilities of the Secretary of State. These were added to the duties over time.
 In control of the United States Department of State and the United States Foreign Service.
 Adviser to the President on matters dealing with other countries. This includes choosing diplomats to other nations and dealing with diplomats from other nations.
Takes part in high-level negotiations with other countries. The Secretary deals with both single nations and international conferences or organizations. This includes the negotiation of international treaties.
 In control of the direction, coordination, and supervision of activities of the U.S. Government in other countries when more than one government department is involved.
Support U.S. citizens living or traveling in other countries. This includes information, passports, visas and other services.
Supervises the United States immigration policy in other countries.
Communicates problems dealing with the United States foreign policy to Congress and to U.S. citizens.

List of Secretaries of State

References

 
1789 establishments in the United States
Johann Joseph Most (5 February 1846 in Augsburg – 17 March 1906 in Cincinnati) was a German-American anarchist and orator. He is best known for accepting the strategy of "propaganda of the deed," which promoted direct action against a single person or institution (including the use of violence) to force revolutionary change and inspire further action by others. He travelled in Europe, and he lived in countries such as France and United Kingdom. In 1906, in Ohio, he fell sick because of a chronic case of erysipelas, a bacterial skin infection, in an era without any antibiotic treatments. Most died in a few days.

Related pages
 List of anarchists

References 
Memoiren (New York, 1903).

Other websites 
Johann Most Page  Anarchist Encyclopedia

1846 births
1906 deaths
American anarchists
American political writers
German writers
People from Augsburg
Politicians from Bavaria
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Socialists
Francesco Saverio Merlino (born 9 September 1856 in Naples; died 30 June 1930 in Rome) was an Italian lawyer, anarchist activist and theorist of libertarian socialism.

Life
Merlino started to participate in the anarchist movement in Italy during his university studies.

In 1884 he went into exile in England and also travelled to the USA. After he returned to Italy in 1894, he was arrested and had to spend two years in prison. 

In the following years, he developed his theory of libertarian socialism in arguments with his friend Errico Malatesta.

Main works
Socialismo o monopolismo? (1887)
L’Italie telle qu’elle est (1890)
gli opuscoli Necessità e basi di un accordo (1892)
L’individua-lismo nell’anarchismo (1893)
Pro e contro il socialismo (1897)
L’utopia collettivista e la crisi del “socialismo scientifico” (1898)
Formes et essence du socialisme (1898)
Fascismo e democrazia (1924)
Politica e Magistratura dal 1860 ad oggi in Italia (1925)
Il socialismo senza Marx. Studi e polemiche per una revisione della dottrina socialista (1897-1930), Massimiliano Boni, Bologna 1974.
Il problema economico e politico del socialismo. (1948)

Related pages
 List of anarchists

Italian anarchists
Italian lawyers
People from Naples
1856 births
1930 deaths
Carlo Tresca (1879 - January 11, 1943 New York City) was an Italian-born American anarchist, newspaper editor, and labor agitator. Tresca was famous for the fight and the opposition to the fascism, stalinism, and the mafia. Tresca was part of the defense committee for accused murderers Sacco and Vanzetti, and frequently spoke in their defense at rallies and in articles. During the 1930s, Tresca became an outspoken opponent of Soviet Communists and Stalinism, particularly after the Soviet Union had engineered the destruction of the anarchist movement in Catalonia and Aragon during the Spanish Revolution. Before this, Tresca had supported the Bolsheviks, with the excuse of that a Communist state was preferable to a capitalist state. In early 1938 Tresca publicly accused the Soviets of kidnapping Juliet Poyntz to prevent her defection from the Communist Party USA. Tresca said that, before she had disappeared, Poyntz had talked to him about her disgust over Joseph Stalin's Great Terror.  In 1941 Tresca, in a revealing moment, admitted to Max Eastman that Nicola Sacco was guilty of the crime with which he was charged, though Vanzetti was innocent. In New York, Tresca also began a public campaign of criticism of the Mafia in his weekly newspaper, Il Martello. Tresca was killed probably by the mafia, with a gun shot. Others have thought that Tresca was eliminated by the NKVD because of the criticism of the Stalin regime of the Soviet Union.

Related pages
 Industrial Workers of the World
 List of anarchists

Other websites
Review of All the Right Enemies: The Life and Murder of Carlo Tresca from Washington Monthly 

Industrial Workers of the World
American anarchists
Socialists
Italian people
American murder victims
1879 births
1943 deaths
Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was a leading proponent of American individualist anarchism in the 19th century, and editor and publisher of the individualist anarchist periodical Liberty. In 1906, he opened Tucker's Unique Book Shop in New York City. In 1908 the books were destroyed by a fire. Tucker closed the shop. Tucker died in Monaco in 1939

Online publications
 Instead of a Book, by a Man Too Busy to Write One (1893, 1897)
 Travelling in Liberty : a complete online archive of Tucker's journal Liberty (1881–1908)
 Several works by Tucker at  Anarchy Archives
 State Socialism and Anarchism. How far they agree and wherein they differ (1886)
 Liberty and Taxation From the magazine Liberty 1881-1908

Related pages
 List of anarchists

Other websites

 Tucker on Property, Communism and Socialism
 BlackCrayon.com: People: Benjamin Tucker
 Benjamin Tucker Anarchy Archives
 Benjamin Tucker, Liberty, and Individualist Anarchism by Wendy McElroy 
 Benjamin Ricketson Tucker from "CLASSicalLiberalism" archive
 Benjamin Tucker, Liberty and Taxation
 Memories of Benjamin Tucker by J. William Lloyd (1935)
 An Interview With Oriole Tucker Tucker's daughter reveals biographical information, by Paul Avrich
 Benjamin R Tucker & the Champions of Liberty - A Centenary Anthology Edited by Michael E. Coughlin, Charles H. Hamilton and Mark A. Sullivan
 

American anarchists
American philosophers
Writers from Massachusetts
1854 births
1939 deaths
Libertarians
American atheists
John Zerzan (born in 1943) is an American anarchist and primitivist philosopher and author. His works speaks about agricultural civilization. Some of his criticism has extended as far as challenging domestication, language, symbolic thought (such as mathematics and art) and the concept of time. His five major books are Elements of Refusal (1988), Future Primitive and Other Essays (1994), Running on Emptiness (2002), Against Civilization: Readings and Reflections (2005) and Twilight of the Machines (2008). Zerzan is currently one of the editors of Green Anarchy, a journal of anarcho-primitivist and insurrectionary anarchist thought.

Related pages
 List of anarchists

Other websites
John Zerzan's website
Green Anarchy web site 
Insurgent Desire – John Zerzan writings and interviews can be read online
Primitivism.com  – Writings by Zerzan and other primitivist authors and essayists
Creel Commission – June 2006 conversation with John Zerzan and the UK band
Guide to John Zerzan's papers at the University of Oregon
John Zerzan's Turkish articles

1943 births
Living people
American anarchists
People from Salem, Oregon
Green anarchism
Writers from Oregon
Green thinkers
Ephedrine (or EPH) is an alkaloid found in plants of the genus Ephedra. It can also be found in other plants like wolfsbane or the Euopean yew.

Uses 
Ephedrine has effects on the human body. It can be used as a stimulant or a decongestant. It is also used to treat certain forms of low blood pressure or to help hunger. Ephedrine is like amphetamine and methamphetamine.

The herb má huáng (麻黄, Ephedra sinica) is used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in it. Nagayoshi Nagai was the first person to take ephedrine from Ephedra vulgaris in 1885. The substance called soma, mentioned in old Hindu books such as the Rig Veda, may have been ephedra extract.  

Ephedrine is sometimes used for doping, usually together with caffeine and salicylic acid.There have been lots of controversies related to Ephedrine. 

The production of ephedrine in China has become a multi-million dollar industry. Companies extract $13 million worth of ephedrine from 30,000 tons of ephedra per year, 10 times the amount that is used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Related pages 
 Pseudoephedrine
List of chemicals in doping cases in sport

References

Chemical compounds
Emiliano Zapata Salazar (August 8, 1879 – April 10, 1919) was a leader in the Mexican Revolution, which started in 1910.

Zapata was ambushed and shot by Mexican troops in 1919. He is a folk hero in Mexico to this day.

Emiliano Zapata was born to Gabriel Zapata and Cleofas Jertrudiz Salazar of Anenecuilco, Morelos. Zapata's family were Mexicans of Nahua and Spanish ancestry. He was the ninth of ten children.

1879 births
1919 deaths
Generals
Mexican military people
Pseudoephedrine (commonly abbreviated as PSE) is a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter drugs either as single-ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines, paracetamol (acetaminophen) and/or ibuprofen. Sudafed is a trademark for a common brand which contains pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, though Sudafed PE does not. Drugs containing pseudoephedrine are commonly used as a treatment for Rhinitis (an inflammation of the mucous mebranes in the nose)

Unlike antihistamines, which modify the systemic histamine-mediated allergic response, pseudoephedrine only relieves nasal congestion commonly associated with colds or allergies.

The advantage of oral pseudoephedrine over topical nasal preparations, such as oxymetazoline, is that it does not cause rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa); however, it is more likely to cause adverse effects, including high blood pressure.

Some countries started to replace pseudoephedrine by other drugs, such as phenylephrine. The reason for this is that pseudoephedrine can be used to make methamphetamine, which is an illegal drug.

Chemical compounds
Scion is a brand of small cars sold by Toyota in the United States. Scion is marketed to young car buyers.

Automobiles
The flag of Christmas Island was adopted in 1986. It was designed by Tony Couch of Sydney, Australia.

Symbol of the Island
The blue field means the sea that surrounds the island while the green field means the plants of the island. The southern cross appears in the blue field, showing Christmas Island's connection with Australia as well as its location in the southern hemisphere. The bird is a Golden Bosun, native to the island. The yellow disc means the island's history in mining. There is a map of the island in the centre of the disc.

History of the Flag

Creation 
In 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a competition for people to create a flag and coat of arms for Christmas Island. There was a prize of 100$ for the winner. Around 69 entries were submitted to the competition. The winning submission was made by Tony Couch, a man who lived in Sydney. The new flag was announced on April 14, 1986 by the Christmas Island Assembly.

Use of the Flag 
The flag became the official (government accepted) flag of Christmas Island on January 26, 2002. This day is also Australia Day.

British Antarctic Territory
Christmas Island
Christmas Island
Bex () is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. It is located in the district of Aigle. It has an area of 96.60 km², an altitude of 424 m, and a population of about 5709. It is a few miles south of its sister town municipality of Aigle.

Geography 
Bex sits on the east side of the Rhône river in a big valley bordered on the east by the Bernese Alps and west by the Chablais Alps. Famous Swiss and French ski resorts are nearby. It is on Swiss National Route 9. Bex is connected to Les Diablerets by the mountain pass Col de la Croix

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

Municipalities of Vaud
Erwitte is a town in the district of Soest. It is found in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

References

Other websites

 Official site 

Soest Rural District
John Burke Krasinski (born October 20, 1979) is an American actor, movie director and writer. He is best known for playing Jim Halpert on NBC's The Office and for directing and starring as Lee Abbott in the 2018 horror movie A Quiet Place.

Krasinski married Emily Blunt in Como, Italy on July 10, 2010. The couple's daughter was born in 2014.

Other websites 

1979 births
Living people
Actors from Massachusetts
American movie actors
American television actors
American movie directors
American screenwriters
American voice actors
Writers from Massachusetts
The Cabinet of the United States (usually simplified as "the Cabinet") is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States, and its existence dates back to the first American President (George Washington), who appointed a Cabinet of four people (Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson; Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton; Secretary of War, Henry Knox; and Attorney General, Edmund Randolph) to advise and assist him in his duties.

Cabinet officers are nominated by the President and then presented to the United States Senate for confirmation or rejection by a simple majority. If approved, they are sworn in and begin their duties. Aside from Attorney General, and previously, the Postmaster General, they all receive the title Secretary.

Current cabinet members

Cabinet
The Cabinet officers are listed in rank order according to the United States presidential line of succession:

Cabinet-level officials
The following officials hold positions that are considered to be Cabinet-level positions.  Cabinet-level officials attend Cabinet meetings, but are not official Cabinet Members:

Related pages
 List of United States Cabinets

References
The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens.  The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. The position was created following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

List of Secretaries of Homeland Security 
Parties
 (5)
 (3)
 (4)

Status

 James Loy served as acting secretary in his capacity as Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.

 Rand Beers served as acting secretary in his capacity as confirmed Undersecretary of Homeland Security for National Protection and Programs and Acting Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security; Beers was the highest ranking Senate-approved presidential appointee at the Department of Homeland Security.

 Elaine Duke served as acting secretary in her capacity as Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.

 Kevin McAleenan served as acting secretary in his capacity as Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection.   His tenure was ruled unlawful.

 Chad Wolf served as acting secretary in his capacity as Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Strategy, Policy, and Plans.   His tenure was ruled unlawful.

 Peter Gaynor served as acting secretary in his capacity as Federal Emergency Management Agency Administrator.

 David Pekoske served as acting secretary in his capacity as Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration

References 

United States Secretaries of Homeland Security
2003 establishments in the United States
The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), commonly known in the United States as "Homeland Security", is a Cabinet department of the U.S. federal government with the duty of protecting the U.S. from terrorist attacks and helping when there is a natural disaster.

In 2002, because of the September 11 attacks in 2001, Congress passed a bill called the Homeland Security Act, which created the Department of Homeland Security. Tom Ridge was the first leader of the Department of Homeland Security. This was the biggest change to the federal government in 50 years.

References

Department of Homeland Security
Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States
A Raster image processor is a component that can be found in some printers. The raster image processor receives the data in a description language, like Postscript, PCL, or PDF and converts it to a bitmap or raster image.  

Raster image processing can be done in two ways: as Software running as part of the operating system, or as a special microprocessor inside the printer. Cheaper printers use a solution called host-based printing, where this is done in the operating system, more expensive printers, and those that support PCL, Postscript or a similar language have a Raster image processor inside the printer.

Stages of RIP

 Interpretation: This is the stage where the supported PDLs (Page description languages) are translated into a private internal representation of each page. Most RIPs process pages one after another so the current machine state is only for the current page. They do one page at a time. Once a page has been output the page state is discarded to make the RIP ready for the next page.
 Rendering: A process through which the private internal representation is turned into a continuous tone bitmap. Note that in practical RIPs interpretation and rendering are frequently done together. Simple languages (mostly the most ancient) were designed to work on minimal hardware so tend to "directly drive" the renderer.
 Screening: In order to print, a continuous-tone bitmap is converted into a halftone (pattern of dots).  Two screening methods or types are Amplitude Modulation (AM) screening and stochastic or Frequency Modulation (FM) screening. In AM screening, dot size varies depending on object density -- tonal values; dots are placed in a fixed grid. In FM screening, dot size remains constant and dots are placed in random order to create darker or lighter areas of the image; dot placement is precisely controlled by sophisticated mathematical algorithms.

References

Other website
 RIP Software Definition

Printers
Printing
Sligo Rovers are an association football team in Ireland. They were founded in 1928 and now play in the League of Ireland Premier Division.

Current team 
Rovers have plenty of players who have played in England and the Rovers' manager Ian Baraclough is the only English manager in the UEFA Champions League.

History 
Sligo Rovers were founded in 1928 and have been active ever since. They were founded after the merger of Sligo town and Sligo blues. The all time top goalscorer of the English league Dixie Dean played for Rovers in the 1930s. The last FAI cup competition Rovers won was in 2011. The Rovers have won the league three times in 1937, 1977 and 2012. They won the cup in 1983, 1994, 2010 and 2011 and the first division in 1994 and 2005. During the 2008 season it was confirmed that Rovers were in financial difficulty and needed to pay 130,000 euro, but they are now one of the richest clubs in Ireland.

Stadium 
Sligo Rovers play in The Showgrounds, Sligo. The ground can hold 5,500 people with seats for 4,000. There are two training pitches, and one of them is made from astroturf. In the car park for part of the year there is a fun fair.

Shirt Sponsors 
Sligo Rovers have two main sponsors, Joma and Connolly's Volkswagen.

Lawrie Sanchez 
Lawrence Philip Sanchez (born October 22, 1959 in London, England) is a Northern Irish football manager and former player. He became player-manager of League of Ireland club Sligo Rovers in 1994. In his first season he led them to the semi-final of the 1995 FAI Cup. He also managed them in the Cup Winners' Cup against Bruges FC. He went on to manage Fulham F.C. and the Northern Ireland national team.

Irish football clubs
Sligo is a town in County Sligo, Republic of Ireland. It is not the largest town in the country but is the second largest rural area in Connacht after Galway city. It is home to Sligo Rovers F.C. who play in the League of Ireland Premier Division and won the League in 2012 it also homes Sligo G.A.A team. Sligo Rugby Club is in Strandhill.  Sligo has a population of around 20,000 and has many tourist attractions. Sligo is at the end of the railway line from Dublin.

Notable people
 Neil Jordan, Irish director.

County towns in Ireland
County Sligo
Taxanes are poisonous alkaloids produced by Yew plants.

Alkaloids are natural basic chemical compounds which contain nitrogen atoms. The name comes from the word alkaline and was used to describe any alkaline containing nitrogen.

Alkaloids are made by a large variety of organisms, but taxanes are produced only by plants of the genus Taxus.

Taxanes work mainly by disrupting the function of cell microtubules. Microtubules are essential to cell division, so taxanes are essentially mitotic inhibitors. This explains why taxanes have been used to produce chemotherapy drugs.

References 

Chemical compounds
An autopsy (also called a post-mortem examination) is a medical examination of a corpse to find out what killed it (disease or injury). Autopsies are done by specialised doctors, called pathologists.

Autopsies are not done all the time. They are usually done either for medical reasons, or for legal ones. One of the legal reasons why an autopsy is done is to find out if the death was the result of a crime. A medical case is to find the cause of death when it is unclear. Sometimes autopsies are done to train new doctors.

Sometimes, the cause of death can be found by simply looking at the corpse without opening it. In other cases, it may need to be opened, to find the cause of death. If it is opened, it is usually closed again; most of the time, corpses are buried. Before being buried, they are on display for some time. For this, they need to look acceptable. In certain cases, like when the corpse is opened, special permissions are perhaps necessary. These are usually given by the closest living relative, called next of kin.

Related pages
 Forensic science

Other websites 

 Autopsy - a detailed description by a pathologist complete with cartoon figures. 
 HBO's Autopsy  - a series on HBO about forensics and autopsies.
 How Stuff Works - Autopsies

Death
Medical procedures
Forensics
Stormbreaker is a book by British writer Anthony Horowitz. It is the first book in the Alex Rider series. It was released on 4 September 2000 in the United Kingdom and on 21 May 2001 in the United States. A movie based on the book was released on 21 July 2006. It starred Alex Pettyfer as the book's main character, Alex Rider.

Other websites

Children's books
2000 books
Leeds Bradford International Airport is a large airport in West Yorkshire, England. It is in Yeadon, Leeds and near Bradford. The airport was sold to Bridgepoint Capital in 2007. The airport has flights to many other cities including London, Edinburgh, Dublin, Paris, Amsterdam, Brussels, Rome, Milan, Madrid, Barcelona and Prague.  It is widely used for both holiday and business flights. Around 3 million people use the airport every year. The number of passengers is increasing each year.

The airline Jet2.com is based at the airport. In August 2009, Ryanair announced they would open a base at Leeds Bradford Airport. Ryan would increase their routes from 3 to 17 from March 2010.

Statistics

References

Airports in England
Leeds
Leeds Metropolitan University is a university in Leeds, England.  It is the second largest university in the city after the University of Leeds.  The University sometimes calls itself Leeds Carnegie.  It used to be called Leeds Polytechnic.

Leeds
Universities in England
Wetherby is a town in West Yorkshire, England.  It is part of the City of Leeds borough.  Wetherby is on the River Wharfe.  The town has a market every Thursday.  There are 11 pubs in Wetherby and many shops.  There are Morrisons and Sainsbury's supermarkets in the town.  Wetherby is on the A1 motorway.  22,000 people live in Wetherby.  Wetherby has an historic town hall.  Wetherby is also close to York and Harrogate.

Work
Wetherby has many factories in Thorpe Arch and on the Sandbeck Industrial Estate.  The British Library are in London and Wetherby.  Most people in Wetherby work in Leeds.

Market

Wetherby has a market every Thursday in the Market Place.  While the market is on, all cars are stopped from entering the area around the town hall.  There is also a farmers market one Sunday in every month.  A market and car-boot sale are held at the racecourse every Sunday during the summer months.

Sport
Wetherby has its own racecourse as well as amateur football, cricket, rugby league, rugby union and bowls teams.  There is also a golf course.  Besides horse racing, there are no professional sports teams in Wetherby but there are many nearby in Leeds.

Schools and Colleges

Wetherby has several primary schools, a large secondary school and Park Lane College.  There are universities nearby in Leeds.  Wetherby High School used to be a secondary modern school but is now a comprehensive school.

Twinning
Wetherby is twinned with Privas in France.

Towns in West Yorkshire
Dynamic-link library (also written as Dynamic Link Library or DLL), is the Microsoft's implementation of shared libraries used by the Microsoft Windows operating systems. These libraries usually have the file extension DLL, OCX (for libraries containing ActiveX controls), or DRV (for Windows legacy system drivers).

Any of the Microsoft Windows data files having the same file format as that of the Dynamic-link library can be called a resource DLL. Examples of such DLLs include icon libraries, sometimes having the extension ICL, and the font files, having the extensions FON and FOT.

Software
Jack Peddie (born 3 March 1876) is a former Scottish football player.

References

1876 births
1928 deaths
Scottish footballers
Sportspeople from Glasgow
Nwankwo Kanu (born 1 August 1976) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Portsmouth and Nigeria national team.

Personal Life 
Nwankwo Kanu is married to fitness enthusiast, Amara Kanu and they have 3 children together. Two sons and one daughter.

Club career statistics

|-
|1991/92||Fed Works||||30||9||||||||||||||30||9
|-
|1992/93||Heartland||Premier League||30||6||||||||||||||30||6

|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Ajax||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||6||2||||||||||||||6||2
|-
|1994/95||18||10||||||||||||||18||10
|-
|1995/96||30||13||||||||||||||30||13

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||0||0||||||||||||||0||0
|-
|1997/98||11||1||||||||||||||11||1
|-
|1998/99||1||0||||||||||||||1||0

|-
|1998/99||rowspan="6"|Arsenal||rowspan="6"|Premier League||12||6||5||1||0||0||0||0||17||7
|-
|1999/00||31||13||2||0||1||1||14||3||48||17
|-
|2000/01||27||3||1||0||0||0||14||2||42||5
|-
|2001/02||23||3||5||2||2||1||9||0||39||6
|-
|2002/03||16||5||1||0||1||0||8||1||26||6
|-
|2003/04||10||1||3||0||4||2||7||0||24||3
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|West Bromwich Albion||rowspan="2"|Premier League||28||2||2||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||30||3
|-
|2005/06||25||5||1||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||28||6
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Portsmouth||rowspan="4"|Premier League||36||10||2||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||38||12
|-
|2007/08||25||4||5||2||1||1||colspan="2"|-||31||7
|-
|2008/09||17||1||2||0||1||0||5||1||25||1
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
60||15||||||||||||||60||15
54||25||||||||||||||54||25
12||1||||||||||||||12||1
250||53||29||8||12||6||57||7||348||74
376||94||29||8||12||6||57||7||474||115
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1994||3||0
|-
|1995||2||1
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||1||0
|-
|1998||5||1
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||10||2
|-
|2001||6||2
|-
|2002||11||0
|-
|2003||4||3
|-
|2004||7||0
|-
|2005||6||2
|-
|2006||8||0
|-
|2007||6||2
|-
|2008||6||0
|-
|2009||5||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||80||13
|}

Related pages 
 List of Nigerians

References 

1976 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
Jay-Jay Okocha (born 14 August 1973) is a former Nigerian football player. He has played for Nigeria national team. Member of three FIFA World Cup squads.

Club career statistics 

|-
|1991/92||Borussia Neunkirchen||Oberliga||35||7
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="4"|Eintracht Frankfurt||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||20||2
|-
|1993/94||19||2
|-
|1994/95||27||7
|-
|1995/96||24||7

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Fenerbahçe||rowspan="2"|Süper Lig||33||16
|-
|1997/98||30||14

|-
|1998/99||rowspan="4"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="4"|Division 1||25||4
|-
|1999/00||23||2
|-
|2000/01||16||2
|-
|2001/02||20||4

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Bolton Wanderers||rowspan="4"|Premier League||31||7
|-
|2003/04||35||0
|-
|2004/05||31||6
|-
|2005/06||27||1

|-
|2006/07||Qatar||Stars League||41||6

|-
|2007/08||Hull City||League Championship||18||0
125||25
63||30
80||12
142||14
41||6
455||87
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1993||3||1
|-
|1994||11||0
|-
|1995||5||1
|-
|1996||1||0
|-
|1997||5||0
|-
|1998||5||0
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||7||4
|-
|2001||8||1
|-
|2002||12||1
|-
|2003||3||1
|-
|2004||8||4
|-
|2005||2||1
|-
|2006||2||0
|-
!Total||73||14
|}

Related pages 
 List of Nigerians

References 

1973 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
Nicky Butt (born 21 January 1975) was an English footballer. He played for Newcastle United.

Club career statistics

|-
|1992/93||rowspan="12"|Manchester United||rowspan="12"|Premier League||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|1993/94||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|1994/95||22||1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||1
|-
|1995/96||32||2||7||1||0||0||2||0||41||3
|-
|1996/97||26||5||0||0||0||0||9||0||35||5
|-
|1997/98||33||3||1||0||0||0||7||0||41||3
|-
|1998/99||31||2||5||0||2||0||8||0||46||2
|-
|1999/00||32||3||colspan="2"|-||0||0||6||0||38||3
|-
|2000/01||28||3||2||0||0||0||11||1||41||4
|-
|2001/02||25||1||2||0||0||0||9||0||36||1
|-
|2002/03||18||0||2||0||1||0||8||0||29||0
|-
|2003/04||21||1||5||0||2||0||5||1||33||2
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Newcastle United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||18||1||2||0||1||0||7||0||28||1
|-
|2005/06||0||0||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2005/06||Birmingham City||Premier League||24||3||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||29||3
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Newcastle United||rowspan="3"|Premier League||31||1||2||0||2||0||12||0||47||1
|-
|2007/08||35||3||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||39||3
|-
|2008/09||33||0||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||37||0
|-
|2009/10||League Championship||||||||||||||||||||
411||29||34||1||15||0||86||2||546||32
411||29||34||1||15||0||86||2||546||32
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1997||4||0
|-
|1998||3||0
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
|2001||6||0
|-
|2002||10||0
|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||8||0
|-
!Total||39||0
|}

References

1975 births
Living people
English footballers
Sportspeople from Manchester
Premier League players
Serie B is the second highest division of Football in Italy. It was founded in 1929.

Promotion and Relegation

Promotion 
At the end of the seasons, three teams are promoted to Serie A. The first two teams are directly qualified to Lega Pro.

The third team is selected by play-offs. If the third team is 10 points or more ahead of the 4th team, then the third team is automatically qualified.

Relegation 
The three last-placed teams are directly relegated to Serie C, and the 19th team is automatically relegated only if the 18th team is 5 points or more ahead.

If the 18th team is not 5 points or more ahead of the 19th team, there will be play-outs.

Team List

Seasons in Serie B 

 60 seasons: Brescia
 52 seasons: Verona
 50 seasons: Modena
 46 seasons: Bari
 43 seasons: Palermo
 38 seasons: Monza
 37 seasons: Padova
 36 seasons: Pescara
 35 seasons: Catania, Vicenza
 34 seasons: Como, Novara, Venezia
 33 seasons: Genoa, Reggiana
 32 seasons: Cesena, Messina, Pisa
 31 seasons: Taranto
 29 seasons: Cagliari
 28 seasons: Atalanta, Catanzaro
 27 seasons: Cremonese, Parma, Salernitana, Ternana
 26 seasons: Lecce
 25 seasons: Livorno, Perugia, Spezia
 24 seasons: Foggia
 22 seasons: Ancona, Reggina, Triestina
 21 seasons: Ascoli, Sambenedettese, SPAL, Varese
 20 seasons: Alessandria, Empoli
 19 seasons: Avellino, Cosenza, Lucchese, Pistoiese
 18 seasons: Piacenza, Udinese
 16 seasons: Arezzo, Treviso
 14 seasons: Legnano, Mantova
 13 seasons: Pro Patria, Pro Vercelli, Siena
 12 seasons: Bologna, Fanfulla, Napoli, Torino
 11 seasons: Cittadella, Crotone, Lazio, Lecco, Sampdoria, Vigevano
 10 seasons: Marzotto, Prato
 9 seasons: AlbinoLeffe, Rimini
 8 seasons: Chievo, Frosinone
 7 seasons: Ravenna, Siracusa
 6 seasons: Brindisi, Fidelis Andria, Grosseto, Seregno, Viareggio
 5 seasons: Campobasso, Fiorentina, Potenza, Sassuolo, Savona
 4 seasons: Barletta, Casale, Carpi, Juve Stabia, Latina, Monfalcone, Pavia, Pro Sesto, Trapani, Virtus Entella, Virtus Lanciano
 3 seasons: Cavese, Derthona, Grion Pola, L'Aquila, Nocerina, Piombino, Sanremese, Savoia
 2 seasons: Acireale, Biellese, Carrarese, Casertana, Castel di Sangro, Crema, Fiumana, Gallaratese, Gubbio, Licata, Liguria, Milan, Pro Gorizia, Rieti, Sampierdarenese, Scafatese, Suzzara, Trani, Vogherese
 1 season: Alba Trastevere, Alzano Virescit, Arsenale Taranto, Benevento, Bolzano, Centese, Fermana, Forlì, Gallipoli, Juventus, La Dominante, Maceratese, Magenta, Massese, M.A.T.E.R., Matera, Mestrina, Molinella, Portogruaro, Roma, Sestrese, Sorrento, Vita Nova

Serie B members in 2017-18

Performances by club

Related pages
Serie A
Serie C
Serie D

Football leagues
Football in Italy
1929 establishments in Italy
Michael Sean Coulthard (born December 8, 1968) better known by his stage name Michael Cole, is an American former news journalist and the current play-by-play announcer for World Wrestling Entertainment's Raw. Cole also guest refereed a couple of dark matches and competed in his first match against Jerry Lawler at WrestleMania XXVII. In 2010, he became a heel, and turned face again in 2012.

Other websites 
Cole's WWE Raw Profile

References 

1968 births
Living people
American journalists
Entertainers from New York
Sportspeople from New York
WWE wrestlers
People from Syracuse, New York
American Internet celebrities
In computing, rlogin is a Unix program that allows users to log in on another host using a network. rlogin uses TCP port 513. It was first distributed as part of the 4.2BSD release.  rlogin is also the name of the application layer protocol used by the software, also the protocol is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.

The rlogin homepage is located at http://rlogin.sourceforge.net.

rlogin has several serious security problems, the most important are:
 All information, including passwords, is transmitted unencrypted (making it open to interception). There is a modern version, called Rlogin Kerberos, that uses the MIT Kerberos authentication technique.
 The protocol partially depends on the remote rlogin client to provide information honestly (including source port and source host name).  A corrupt client is thus able to rebuild this and gain access.
 The protocol lacks any means of authenticating other machines' identities, ensuring that the rlogin client is running on a trusted machine, or if it is the real rlogin client.

Due to its serious problems, rlogin was rarely used across untrusted networks (like the public internet), and rlogin distributions are no longer included by default with many Unix and Linux distributions. Many networks which were depending on rlogin and telnet have replaced it with SSH and the rlogin secured equivalent slogin.

Related pages
 Internet protocol suite
 Communications protocol

Other websites
 http://rlogin.sourceforge.net

Internet
Computer protocols