cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa (September 26, 1942 – May 15, 2004) was an award-winning American radical feminist writer. She died from diabetes. Before she died she had been writing a book. She edited This Bridge Called My Back: Writings By Radical Women of Color with Cherríe Moraga. Her most well known book is Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza. She was born in the Rio de Grande valley of south Texas. She was a lesbian. She wrote books for children in English and Spanish. They are illustrated by Consuelo Mendez.

Awards
Before Columbus Foundation American Book Award (1986) - This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color
Lambda Lesbian Small Book Press Award (1991)
Lesbian Rights Award (1991)
Sappho Award of Distinction (1992)
National Endowment for the Arts Fiction Award (1991)
American Studies Association Lifetime Achievement Award (Bode-Pearson Prize - 2001).

Her work Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza was recognized as one of the 38 best books of 1987 by Library Journal and 100 Best Books of the Century by both Hungry Mind Review and Utne Reader.

In 2012, she was listed as one of the 31 LGBT history "icons" by the organisers of LGBT History Month.

References

1942 births
2004 deaths
American feminist writers
American radical feminists
Deaths from diabetes
Disease-related deaths in Texas
Lesbian feminists
LGBT people from Texas
LGBT writers
Writers from Texas
Psychological abuse may also be called psychological violence, emotional abuse or mental abuse. 

It is when a person puts another person under abuse which may result in psychological trauma. The abuse may result in anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder.  This kind of behaviour is an extreme kind of bullying.

This abuse happens most often when one person has power over another. 
It may result in narcissism, depression, anxiety, and other disorders.

The term does not mean physical abuse. The most common thing to happen is verbal abuse. Blaming, shaming, and name calling are signs of verbal abuse which can affect a victim emotionally.

References 

Psychology
An anniversary is a day on which people remember or celebrate an event that happened on the same date in a past year. The most common example is a birthday, where the birth of a person is celebrated every year on the month and day of which they were born. The first anniversary of something is celebrated exactly one year after the initial event occurred. The word was first used for Catholic feasts to commemorate saints.

Other examples of common anniversaries are those of weddings and deaths. Having anniversaries for sad incidents can be for remembering someone special, like a famous person that touched many peoples lives or to remember a tragic incident, so that it doesn't happen again. Most countries around the world celebrate national anniversaries. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution, or the coronation of a monarch.

There are different Latin names used for anniversaries depending on the number of years that has passed since the initial event. For example, biennial means that two years has passed, decennial means that ten years has passed, and centennial means that 100 years has passed. For example, many countries have held a big celebration in the 100th anniversary of their country.

Related pages
 Diamond Jubilee

References

Other websites

 Happy Anniversary memes

Days
Chronology
Holidays
Wine or Wini († before 672) was a 7th century Bishop. He was the first Bishop of Winchester. He later became the Bishop of London.

Bishop of Winchester 

Wine had been ordained in Gaul. In Wessex King Cenwalh of Wessex had grown tired of his current bishop, Agilbert, who apparently did not speak the Anglo-Saxon language. Wine did speak Anglo-Saxon and was invited by Cenwalh to come to Wessex. Cenwalh built a new church at Winchester; dividing his kingdom into two dioceses. There, Wine was consecrated the first bishop of Winchester in 660. Agribert took offense at not being consulted and returned to Gaul. King Oswiu of Northumbria appointed a monk named Chad to be bishop to the Northumbrians. He sent Chad to Canterbury to be consecrated Bishop of York. On Chad's arrival in Kent, however, he discovered Archbishop Dusdedit had died. As no successor had yet been appointed, Chad went to Bishop Wine in Wessex to be consecrated. Wine was the only consecrated Bishop in England at the time recognized by the Church at Rome.

Bishop of London 

Wine was later expelled by Cenwalh and went to King Wulfhere of Mercia. Bede stated that Wine purchased the see (diocese) of London from Wulfhere. Wine remained the Bishop of London until his death. 
Wine died in 671.

Notes

References 

year of birth unknown
670s deaths
Christian religious leaders
Táchira () is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is San Cristóbal.

States of Venezuela
Zulia () is one of the 23 states of Venezuela.  The state capital is Maracaibo.

Municipalities and municipal seats

Zulia is divided into 21 municipalities (municipios):

States of Venezuela
Maracaibo is a city in northwestern Venezuela. It is the second-largest city in the country and the capital of Zulia State. The population of the city is approximately 1,495,200  with the metropolitan area at 2,108,404 as of 2010.
Maracaibo is nicknamed La Tierra del Sol Amada ("The Beloved Land of the Sun").

References 

Cities in Venezuela
1529 establishments
16th-century establishments in Venezuela
Ricardo Montaner (born Héctor Eduardo Reglero Montaner on September 8, 1957) is an Argentine-born Venezuelan singer and songwriter. He has released more than 15 albums with numerous successful singles. He has sold over 22 million record worldwide.

Discography
 Cada Día (1983)
 Ricardo Montaner (1987)
 Ricardo Montaner, Vol. 2 (1988)
 Un Toque de Misterio (1990)
 En El Último Lugar del Mundo (1991)
 Los Hijos del Sol (1992)
 Una Mañana y Un Camino (1994)
 Viene del Alma (1995)
 Es Así (1997)
 Con la London Metropolitan Orchestra (1999)
 Sueño Repetido (2001)
 Suma (2002)
 Prohibido Olvidar (2003)
 Con la London Metropolitan Orchestra, Vol. 2 (2004)
 Todo y Nada (2005)
 Las Mejores Canciones del Mundo (2007)
 Las Mejores Canciones, Vol. 2 (2007)
 Las Cosas Son Como Son (2009)
 Soy Feliz (2010)
 Viajero Frecuente (2012)

Filmography
 Los Reyes (Himself), 2005
 La Voz Colombia (Coach), 2012

Other websites
 

1957 births
Living people
Venezuelan entertainers
Apure () is one of the 23 states (estados) of Venezuela. The state capital is San Fernando de Apure.

Municipalities and municipal seats 
 Achaguas (Achaguas)
 Biruaca (Biruaca)
 Muñoz (Bruzual)
 Páez (Guasdualito)
 Pedro Camejo (San Juan de Payara)
 Rómulo Gallegos (Elorza)
 San Fernando (San Fernando de Apure)

Other websites

States of Venezuela
Rebecca Towne Nurse (February 21, 1621 – July 19, 1692) was a pious 71-year-old grandmother when she was hanged as a witch in Salem Village on July 19, 1692. Her death was the turning point in the Salem Witch Trials. People started to doubt the truthfulness of the girls said to be afflicted and tormented by those arrested and tried for witchcraft.

Life

Nurse was born in Great Yarmouth, England in 1621. In 1644, her family settled in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony (now Danvers, Massachusetts). About 1644, she married Francis Nurse, a tray-maker. The couple were highly esteemed in the colony because few could work wood into trays, cups, mugs, dishes and other useful objects. They had eight children.

The Nurses and the Putnams of Salem had several disputes over land. On March 23, 1692, a warrant was issued for Rebecca's arrest on suspicion of witchcraft. The Putnams were behind the arrest. Many villagers were angry that she had been accused of witchcraft. She was 70 years old and known to be a very pious woman. 

Her trial began on June 30, 1692. Many testified to her good character. The afflicted girls of the community however testified that she was tormenting them. She was found not guilty of witchcraft. Some wanted her found guilty and urged the judges to reconsider their verdict. They did, and she was found guilty.

She was hanged. Her body was buried near the gallows with others who were hanged for witchcraft. In the night, her relatives dug  up her body. They buried it on the family homestead. This homestead is now a landmark. Nurse is a character in Arthur Miller's The Crucible.

References 

1621 births
1692 deaths
Executed American people
People executed for witchcraft
People from Massachusetts
Salem Witch Trials
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment (also called Buena Vista Home Entertainment) is the division of The Walt Disney Company that distributes videos of movies to be played in the home. Disney began distributing videos under its own label in 1978 under the name Walt Disney Home Video.

The company distributes DVDs and Blu-ray discs under the labels Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, Touchstone Home Entertainment, and Hollywood Pictures Home Entertainment.

It releases its Disney-branded movies under the brand name Disney DVD. Disney began releasing titles on DVD in 1997, although they were not released in this format in the UK until 2000. They stopped released videos in VHS format in 2006. They began releasing movies on Blu-ray disc in the same year, under the brand name Disney Blu-ray.

Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection 
The Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection is a line of videos and DVDs released by The Walt Disney Company which ran from 2000 to 2001. The collection released before it was the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. All titles released were released in both VHS and DVD except for Toy Story, which was released on VHS only. It was also the only title in the Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection to have the Walt Disney Company intro.

Similar later releases

Similar later releases II

2-Movie Pack

2-Movie Collection

DVD release

DVD Packaging release

Blu-ray release

3-Movie Collection

DVD release

DVD Packaging release

Blu-ray release

DVD releases

Blu-ray releases

Blu-ray 3Ds releases

4K Ultra HD Blu-ray releases

Related pages
 List of Disney theatrical animated features

References

Other websites
 Disney DVD 
 
 
 

1980 establishments in the United States
Companies based in California
Disney companies
This is a list of North American telephone area codes in effect for the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). The area to which an area code is officially assigned is known as a Numbering Plan Area (NPA).

An area code is part of a telephone number in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean. It is the part of the telephone number after the county code. For example, in the number 1-562-555-5555, the 1 is the country code (for the United States), and 562 is the area code. An area code is typically assigned to a state, city or region.

United States
The following is a list of area codes in the United States, with some of the major cities that use that area code. Sometimes two or three codes are assigned to the same area.

Canada
The following is a list of area codes in Canada, with the major cities that use that area code. In Canada, some provinces share area codes. Sometimes two or three codes are assigned to the same area.

Caribbean and Bermuda

U.S. Pacific Territories

NANP non-geographic

References

Other websites
 List of area codes in Canada  - Accessed April 13, 2013

Telephone numbers in Canada
Telephone numbers in the United States
Canada-related lists
United States-related lists
So Random! is an American television series on the Disney Channel. It is a musical sketch comedy that first began on June 5, 2011. It was announced as an independent series after Demi Lovato left the parent series, Sonny with a Chance. The series features the actors who acted in Sonny with a Chance, except for Lovato: Tiffany Thornton, Sterling Knight, Brandon Mychal Smith, Doug Brochu, and Allisyn Ashley Arm along with other featured actors who recur in the series. The series premiere was watched by 4.1 million viewers. The series only went for one season.

Cast

Main cast
All of the main cast of So Random! came from its parent series, Sonny with a Chance. 
 Tiffany Thornton as Tawni Hart
 Sterling Knight as Chad Dylan Cooper
 Brandon Mychal Smith as Nico Harris
 Doug Brochu as Grady Mitchell
 Allisyn Ashley Arm as Zora Lancaster

Recurring characters
 Matthew Scott Montgomery as Matthew Bailey
 Shayne Topp as Shayne Zabo
 Damien Haas as Damien Johanssen
 Bridget Shergalis as Bridget Cook
 Audrey Whitby as Audrey Vale
 Coco Jones as Coco Blue
 Grace Bannon as Grace Wetzel

References

Other websites
 
 
 

2010s American television series
2011 American television series debuts
American sketch comedy television series
Television spin-offs
Television series by Disney
Pages created with the Article Wizard
2012 American television series endings
English-language television programs
Cwichelm (died circa 636) was the King of the Gewisse, although more commonly called the King of Wessex.  He reigned from 626 until his death. He was a pagan king who became a Christian shortly before his death.

King in Wessex 

Cwichelm was the son of Cynegils, King of Wessex. He ruled jointly with his father. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 614 says Cynegils and Cwichelm fought at a place named Beandun, which cannot be identified. The account went on to say they slew two thousand sixty-five Welsh. Another chronicle entry for 627 (corrected to 626) states an Eomer was sent by "Cwichelm, king of the West Saxons, thinking to stab king Eadwine". It goes on to say Eomer stabbed his thane, Lilla, and a Forthere but only wounding the king. The plot to kill the Northumbrian king failed and the following year Eadwine (Edwin) sent an army to punish Wessex.  The next mention of Cwichelm in the chronicle is for the year 628. It states that Cyngils, king of Wessex, and Cwichelm his son 'fought with Penda at Cirencester and came to an agreement with him there'. The agreement seems to have been to give Cirencester to Penda. In 634 Pope Honorius I sent Bishop Birinus to England. When he reached the territory of the Gewisse (Wessex) he found them almost completely pagan. He began to convert the West Saxons to Christianity. In 635 Cynegils was baptized and King Oswald of Northumbria stood as his Godfather. In 636 Cwichelm was baptised at Dorchester. He died later in the same year (636). Although he died before his father, both were succeeded by his brother Cenwalh in 643.

Family 

Cwichelm had a son:

 Cuthred († 685), king in Wessex

Notes

References 

Year of birth unknown
630s deaths
Kings of Wessex
Kamen Rider (Masked Rider) is a long-running Japanese Tokusatsu television series. It is aimed at children. It began from April 3, 1971 to February 10, 1973 which lasted for 98 episodes. There is also a manga. It is about a superhero who rides a motorbike and wears a mask. It is a sequel to Kamen Rider V3.

Cast
 Takeshi Hongo: Hiroshi Fujioka
 Hayato Ichimonji: Takeshi Sasaki
 Kazuya Taki: Jiro Chiba
 Tobei Tachibana: Akiji Kobayashi
 Ruriko Midorikawa: Chieko Maki
 Hiromi Nohara: Yoko Shimada
 Shiro: Jo Honda
 Yuri: Wakaki Oki
 Mari: Linda Yamamoto
 Michi: Katsumi Nakajima
 Goro Ishikura: Yasuharu Miura
 Emi: Emily Takami
 Mika: Yoko Sugibayashi
 Tokko: Machiko Nakajima
 Naoki: Tomonori Yazaki
 Mitsuru: Yoshikazu Yamada
 Yokko: Yoshida Nakada
 Choko: Mimy

Other websites
Website at Igadevil

Japanese television series
Children's television series
1971 establishments in Asia
1971 television series debuts
1970s establishments in Japan
Red River Parish () is a rural parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Its seat is Coushatta. It was created in 1871 by the state government. As of the 2010 census, the population was 9,091.

Communities

Town 

 Coushatta (parish seat and largest municipality)

Villages 

 Edgefield (smallest municipality)
 Hall Summit
 Martin

Unincorporated communities 

 Crichton
 East Point
 Fairview Alpha
 Grand Bayou
 Hanna
 Harmon
 Lake End

References

 
1871 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Louisiana
Ark-La-Tex
Puck is a character in a play called A Midsummer Night's Dream. This play was written by William Shakespeare. In this play, Puck is a servant to the Fairy King, Oberon. Puck has some amazing abilities. For example, he can travel around the world in 40 minutes. In spite of his abilities, Puck makes a few mistakes in the play that create confusion for the other characters. For example, he puts a love potion into the wrong person's eyes. He also plays tricks. He puts a donkey's head on one character. 

Puck was not Shakespeare's invention. He was a character in folklore called 'pouke'. He was known as early as 1000 AD. He was an evil, dangerous demon. By the time of Geoffrey Chaucer, he had become linked with the Biblical devil. By Shakespeare's day, he was known as Puck, Robin Goodfellow, and Hobgoblin. He was a goblin who made mischief. 

By the time of Shakespeare and other Elizabethan poets, Puck had become a combination of English folklore and English country life. Shakespeare writes that Puck would frighten the village girls, ruin the butter, and lead travelers in the night the wrong way. Mickey Rooney played Puck in a 1935 movie adaptation of Shakespeare's play. 

Shakespeare used a description of Puck from Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft (1584). Scot describes Puck with disapproval. He points out that people no longer believe in him. Scot also tells of a man whose head was replaced with the head of a donkey.

References

Folklore
Characters in Shakespeare's plays
Shylock is a key character and the antagonist in Shakespeare's 1596 or 1597 play The Merchant of Venice. He is a Jewish moneylender.

Shylock agrees to a bond with Antonio, the merchant of Venice. This bond requires Antonio to give a pound of his flesh next his heart should the money not be repaid on a certain date. When Antonio fails, Shylock goes to court to get the pound of flesh. Antonio had previously insulted and spat on him in the Rialto (the commercial centre of Venice). This helps to explain why Shylock demanded his pound of flesh.

Meanwhile, Shylock's daughter Jessica falls in love with Antonio's friend Lorenzo and converts to Christianity. This adds to Shylock's rage.

Shylock fails in court, and Antonio is released. Shylock is charged with attempted murder. Shylock is then forced to give half of his properties to the country and the other half to Antonio and to convert to Christianity.

Shylock has a famous speech beginning "Hath not a Jew eyes?" Famous actors who have played Shylock include Laurence Olivier.

In Shakespeare's time, no Jews had been legally present in England for several hundred years (since Edward I's Edict of Expulsion in 1290). But the idea of Jews as money lenders remained from the Middle Ages. Historically, money lending had been a fairly common occupation among Jews, perhaps because Christians were not allowed to practise usury.

Characters in Shakespeare's plays
Chico Albuquerque (25 April 1917 – 26 December 2000) was a Brazilian photographer. He was born in Fortaleza.

His parents were also photographers. He became specialized in portraits. In 1948, he was the first Brazilian photographer to produce an advertisement campaign for J. W. Thompson agency. Until then, advertisement in Brazil used just drawings and illustrations. His work was exhibited worldwide and received awards in Frankfurt, Turim and Buenos Aires.

On 26 December 2000, Chico Albuquerque suffered a stroke and died.

Awards 
 1950 - 1st Place. Golden Medal, Foto Cine Brasileiro – Rio de Janeiro.
 1951 - 10o. Salão Fotográfico Internacional de São Paulo (São Paulo International Photography Fair) - Bronze Medal.
 1953 - Frankfurt International - Golden Medal - Portraits.
 1953 - 6o. Salão Internacional de Fotografias de San Sebastian. Silver Medal - Spain.
 1958 - Troféu da Escola de Propaganda de São Paulo.
 1998 - Prêmio Nacional de Fotografia. Funarte – Rio de Janeiro.

Exhibitions 
 2013 - A São Paulo de Chico Albuquerque, Espaço Itaú de Cinema Frei Caneca, São Paulo, SP.
 2013 - O Estúdio Fotográfico Chico Albuquerque, MIS, São Paulo, SP.

Other websites 
 Instituto Chico Albuquerque 

1917 births
2000 deaths
Brazilian photographers
Deaths from stroke
People from Fortaleza
Yeongwol County (Yeongwol-gun) is a county in Gangwon Province, South Korea.

It is well known as the place where King Danjong, the sixth king of Joseon Dynasty, was exiled to, when he was forced to abdicate by his uncle, who became Sejo of Joseon. It is also where he is buried after he was murdered in 1457, because he was perceived to be a continuing threat to the rule of his uncle.

It is also where Joseon Dynasty poet Kim Sat-gat is buried.

Tourism 
A tourist attraction in this area is the Yeongwol Insectarium (), a private insect museum. It has a collection featuring a large quantity of insects from Korea and all around the world. It was founded by Professor  Lee Dae-Am who is professional architect and an amateur entomologist, and was opened May 5, 2002. The building had been a school unti Lee Dae-Am turned it into the insectarium.

The aim of the museum is to create interest in insects, and to educate people on the importance of bugs to the world ecological systems. The Yeongwol insectarium has been recognized as one of the best visitor attractions.

It displays both living and dead insect collections, from butterflies to bees, dragonflies to grasshoppers. The insect displays are divided by three sections in the Exhibition Room. The display includes such specialities as Korean endangered species like the Baby-Dragonfly, the smallest dragonflies in the world, and the biggest and worldly rare beetle.

References

Other websites
 Yeongwol County tourism office home page 

Counties
Subdivisions of South Korea
In the United States, a government shutdown is a partial shutdown of some government services. It is not complete anarchy - essential services such as police remain active. The most recent shutdown occurred on January 20, 2018 through January 22, 2018 caused by disputes in immigration and child healthcare.

Government of the United States
Cynegils († 643) was the King of the Gewisse, although more commonly called the King of Wessex. He ruled from 611 to 643. Cynegils was a pagan king but under his rule Wessex started its conversion to Christianity. Cynegils himself was baptized in 635.

King in Wessex 
Cynegils was the grandson of Cutha. He was the son of Ceol of Wessex and probably the nephew of Ceolwulf. He ruled jointly with his son Cwichelm. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 614 says Cynegils and Cwichelm fought together at a place named Beandun. The account said they slew two thousand sixty-five Welsh. This was a major victory for the West Saxons. Cynegils had some setbacks however during the middle of his reign. His son Cwichelm sent someone to try to kill King Edwin of Northumbria. When Edwin attacked Wessex in retaliation five Kings of Wessex were killed. The Northumbrian attack weakened the West Saxon army. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 628 says that Cyngils, king of Wessex, and Cwichelm his son 'fought with Penda at Cirencester and came to an agreement with him there'. The 'agreement' seems to have been to give Cirencester to Penda. So this was a defeat for Cynegils and his son Cwichelm and a permanent loss of Cirencester.

In 634 Pope Honorius I sent Bishop Birinus to England. When he reached the territory of the Gewisse (Wessex) he found them almost completely pagan. He began to convert the West Saxons to Christianity. In 635 Cynegils was baptized by Birinus and King Oswald of Northumbria stood as his Godfather. This may have been a condition of the marriage between Oswald and Cynegils's daughter, Cyneburh. He gave Bishop Birinus the city of Dorchester and several churches so he could convert the pagans in Wessex. The conversion took some time to complete and several kings who followed were either pagan or converted to Christianity later in their reigns.

Cwichelm, his son, ruling as either co-king or underking, died in 636. From that time on Cynegils seems to have ruled Wessex by himself until his death in 643. He was succeeded by his son Cenwalh. Cynegils's reign marked the turning point for Wessex from bands of warriors to the beginnings of a united kingdom.

Family 
Cynegils had the following children:
 Cwichelm († 636), ruled with his father.
 Cenwalh (†) 672), succeeded his father as King of Wessex.
 Centwine, King of Wessex.
 Cyneburh, in 635 married King Oswald of Northumbria.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
640s deaths
Kings of Wessex
642 deaths
7th-century births
7th-century deaths
Anglo-Saxons
House of Wessex
Kings and Queens of England
Stingy Jack is a character in Irish folklore. He was a poor, dirty man who was often drunk. He outsmarted the devil at least three times.

He invited the devil to have a drink with him. Jack did not want to pay for the drink. He persuaded the devil to change himself into a coin. The devil did so, and Jack put the coin in his pocket. There was a silver cross in his pocket that made it impossible for the devil to return to his original shape. Jack eventually allowed the devil to resume his shape, but only after he promised not to bother Jack for a whole year and to not try to claim his soul when he died.

On another occasion, Jack persuaded the devil to climb an apple tree to gather apples. Jack quickly carved crosses into the trunk of the tree, making it impossible for the devil to come down. Jack allowed the devil to come down, but only after he promised not to bother Jack for ten years and not to claim his soul when he died.

On the third occasion, Jack died before the ten-year time limit. God did not want Jack in Heaven, so he was sent to Hell. The devil could not claim his soul, so Jack was sent back into the world. The devil gave him a glowing coal to light his way in the darkness. Jack put the coal into a hollowed-out turnip. He is said to still walk the earth with his lantern, and can be seen around All Saints Day November 1.

Jack became known as "Jack of the lantern". This name was shortened to "Jack-o'-lantern". In the United States, his lantern became a pumpkin rather than a turnip. Pumpkins were common in the U.S. and easier to carve. The story of Jack is little known, perhaps because he was an unsuitable role model for entertaining children.

References
 

Folklore
Irish culture
Fictional characters
The foreign relations of Bangladesh are the Bangladeshi government's policies in its relations with other countries. Since independence in 1971, Bangladesh has officially followed a principle of being friendly with all nations and not being enemies with any. As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides with major powers. Since the end of the Cold War, the country has pursued better relations with its neighbours. It has strong relations with other Muslim countries. It does not recognise Israel.

By country

South Korea

Myanmar

Myanmar is Bangladesh's eastern neighbour. Bilateral ties with Myanmar are generally good, but some tensions exist between the two countries. This is due to border disputes and the presence of over 270,000 Rohingya Muslim refugees in Bangladesh from mainly-Buddhist Myanmar. As a result of bilateral discussions, and with the cooperation and assistance of the UNHCR, most of the Rohingya refugees have now returned to Burma. As of 2000, about 22,000 refugees remain in camps in southern Bangladesh.

At the 2008 ASEAN Regional forum summit in Singapore, Bangladesh and Myanmar have pledged to solve their Maritime boundary disputes as quickly as possible especially that a UN deadline in claiming maritime territories will expire in three years time. Both countries discussed the possibility of linking the two countries together in an attempt to boost their trade and commerce relations. The estimate to complete the 25 km highway is three years and at the cost of $20 million. Another aspect of this plan is to connect the highway to the Asian Superhighway which would connect the two countries to China.

Russia

England

The relations between the two are historical, because the English started their conquest of British India from present-day Bengal region of Bangladesh. Today Bangladesh is in the Commonwealth since 1972 and the there is a sizeable Bengali-speakers within the community of Great Britain

Related pages 
 Indo-Bangladeshi barrier
 Foreign relations of Pakistan

References

Other websites 
 Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Edin Osmanović (born 20 May 1964) is a Slovenian UEFA Pro football coach. Since 2013, he has been the head coach of the Slovenian First Football League club Aluminij from Kidričevo. He previously coached that club from 2004 to 2006. He started his coaching career in Rudar Trbovlje. He later coached many clubs in the First League, including Publikum Celje, HIT Gorica, Rudar Velenje, Korotan Prevalje, Dravograd, Aluminij and Mura 05.

With Gorica, Osmanović finished second in the 1999–2000 season of the First League, entered the semi-finals of the 1999–2000 Slovenian Football Cup and played four matches on the UEFA Cup. That made it one of the club's most successful seasons. With Korotan, he won the Slovenian Indoor Soccer All-Stars Competition. With Dravograd, he became the runner-up of the 2003–04 Slovenian Football Cup. He also worked with other coaches like Stanko Poklepović; he was his assistant coach at Celje before taking over the position of head coach.

List of clubs

References

1964 births
Living people
Slovenian footballers
Slovenian football managers
Southwell is a town in Nottinghamshire, England. It has a large church called Southwell Minster.

Other websites
Southwell

Towns in Nottinghamshire
The Gewisse Latin: Gewissæ) were a political group or band of Anglo-Saxons. They originally settled in the upper Thames river valley area. The Gewisse were the most powerful group in what would become the kingdom of Wessex.

Name 

The name 'Gewisse' comes from an Old English word for "reliable" or "sure", In the genealogy of King Alfred of Wessex, is a supposed ancestor of Cerdic named Gewis. (also spelled Gwis). The true origin of the name cannot be determined accurately. the name was old in Bede's time. Bede stated the original name for the West Saxons was the Gewisse. The change in name from the Gewisse to the West Saxons seems to have taken place in the latter part of the 7th century. The Gewisse, like the 'Cantwara' (Kent-men) and the 'Meonwara' of Hampshire were political units, not tribes.

History 

In 577 the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle claims the kings of the Gewisse captured Cirencester, Bath and Gloucester. The date is questionable but the Gewisse did hold those territories. The Gewisse found themselves limited in their ability to expand into new territories by the growing power of Mercia. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 628 says that Cyngils and Cwichelm his son 'fought with Penda at Cirencester and came to an agreement with him there'. The 'agreement' meant giving Cirencester to Penda. It was a permanent loss of Cirencester. By the second half of the 7th century Gewisse was expanding towards the Southwest and Devon. At about the same time they lost territory in the Thames valley to Mercia. The change in name to Wessex may have reflected more a change in their territory.

Bishop Birinus began converting the Gewisse to Christianity in 634, In 635 he baptized their king Cynegils who established Birinus at Dorchester. But the Dorchester bishopric was never considered West Saxon by Bede. He considered it to be Gewisse. In 660 Cenwalh created a new diocese at Winchester and made Wine the first bishop. Bede referred to the Winchester diocese as West Saxon. At the time he was writing in the early 8th century, Bede treated the two names as interchangeable. But when writing of the reign of Cynegils he referred to them as "anciently known as the Gewissae."

Notes

References

Anglo-Saxons
+
Caddo is one of the sixty-four parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat is Shreveport. As of the 2010 count, 254,969 people lived there. It is the largest parish in the North Louisiana region and the fourth-largest in the state.

 
1838 establishments in the United States
1830s establishments in Louisiana
Titania is a character in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. She is Queen of the Fairies. She is married to Oberon, King of the Fairies. She will not give a little Indian boy she has in her keeping to Oberon. This angers him. When she is asleep, he tells his servant Puck to put a love potion in her eyes. This potion will make her love the first thing she sees when she wakes. What she sees is a weaver named Bottom.  Puck has put a donkey's head on Bottom. All ends well, with Titania once again in love with Oberon this ends straight away as they both find out they are lying to each other.

Characters in Shakespeare's plays
Folklore
James Hadley Billington (June 1, 1929 – November 20, 2018) was an American academic. He was the 13th Librarian of the Library of Congress. He was appointed by President Ronald Reagan. Billington served as librarian from September 14, 1987 until his resignation on September 30, 2015.

Early life
Billington born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania on June 1, 1929. He was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Billington studied at Princeton University and at Balliol College, Oxford.

Career

Early career

Billington first began as a professor in Harvard University. From 1973 to 1987, Billington was director of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the nation’s official memorial in Washington, D.C. to America’s 28th president. As director, he founded the Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies at the Center and seven other new programs as well as the Wilson Quarterly.

Librarian of Congress (1987-2015)
Billington was sworn in as the Librarian of Congress on September 14, 1987. He is the 13th person to hold the position since the Library of Congress was established in 1800. His appointment was unanimously confirmed by the Senate.

Billington has championed the Library’s American Memory National Digital Library (NDL) Program, which makes freely available on-line over 24 million American historical items from the collections of the Library and other research institutions. These unique American Memory materials and the Library’s other Internet services, which include the congressional database, THOMAS, the on-line card catalog, exhibitions, information from the U.S. Copyright Office and a web site for children and families called America’s Library, handled more than 2.6 billion transactions last year.

Billington resigned in early September 2015 because of his age. His resignation became effective on September 30, 2015.

Personal life
Billington was married to the former Marjorie Anne Brennan. They had four children: Dr. Susan Billington Harper, Anne Billington Fischer, the Rev. James Hadley Billington Jr., and Thomas Keator Billington, as well as 12 grandchildren.  Dr. Billington and his daughter Susan are the first father and daughter to both be awarded Rhodes Scholarships and use them to earn DPhils (at Oxford University).

Billington died at a hospital in Washington, D.C. on November 20, 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 89.

References

Other websites

Booknotes interview with Billington on Russia Transformed, September 13, 1992. 
C-SPAN Q&A interview with Billington, July 1, 2007

1929 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Washington, D.C.
Educators from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
People from Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
Politicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
George Soros ( or ; ; born August 12, 1930, as Schwartz György) is a Hungarian-American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is the chairman of Soros Fund Management. He is known as "The Man Who Broke the Bank of England" because of his US$1 billion in investment profits during the 1992 Black Wednesday UK currency crisis.

Early life

Soros was born on August 12, 1930 in Budapest, Hungary, where he was raised. He emigrated to London by himself at 17, and later to New York. He survived the Nazi occupation of Budapest, before moving to London and studying at the London School of Economics.

Career
Soros is a well-known supporter of progressive-liberal political causes. Between 1979 and 2011, Soros gave away over $8 billion to causes related to human rights, public health, and education. He played a significant role in the peaceful transition from communism to capitalism in Hungary (1984–89) and founded Europe's Central European University in Budapest, providing the initial endowment to open the first campus. Soros is also the chairman of the Open Society Foundations.

Personal life
Soros was married to Annaliese Witschak from 1960 until they divorced in 1983. They had three children. Then, Soros was married to Susan Weber Soros from 1983 until they divorced in 2005. They had two children. Soros is now married to Tamiko Bolton since 2013. Soros is a supporter of the Democratic Party.
Soros is a donates annual high sums for FC Bayern Munich.

References

Other websites

 
 Open Society Foundations
 Institute for New Economic Thinking
 Column archives at Project Syndicate
 Column archives at The New York Review of Books
 Forbes.com: George Soros
 The Money Man – New Yorker

1930 births
Living people
American billionaires
American Jews
American philanthropists
American progressives
Businesspeople from London
Businesspeople from New York City
Democrats (United States)
Holocaust survivors
Hungarian businesspeople
Hungarian Jews
Jewish billionaires
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish philanthropists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Budapest
Chaim Topol (; born September 9, 1935), sometimes known as Topol, is an Israeli theatrical and movie performer, actor, writer and producer. Topol was born in Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel).  Topol is known for his role as Tevye the milkman in the 1971 movie Fiddler on the Roof. He has been nominated for an Oscar and a Tony Award. He has won two Golden Globes Awards.

Some of Topol's other notable movie appearances were the title role in  Galileo (1975), Dr. Hans Zarkov in  Flash Gordon (1980), and as Milos Columbo in the James Bond movie For Your Eyes Only (1981).

Topol is married to Galia Topol. He retired from acting in 1998 and now only appears on stage.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 

1935 births
Living people
Actors who played in James Bond movies
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Israeli Jews
Israeli movie actors
Israeli stage actors
Israeli television actors
Israeli voice actors
Jewish actors
People from Tel Aviv
Baritones
Israeli movie producers
Israeli singers
Israeli writers
Jewish comedians
Musical theater actors
The headquarters of the United Nations is a group of buildings in New York City. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan, on spacious grounds overlooking the East River. 

Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east. Turtle Bay is occasionally used as a metonym for the U.N. headquarters or for the U.N. as a whole. The building was designed by many architects across the world including Brazillian Oscar Niemeyer.

References

Other websites

UN Visitors Centre 
 UN: Building an International Headquarters in New York – historical overview, on the UN 60th Anniversary webpage
 Agreement Establishing the UN headquarters  – with information on legal status

United Nations
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
Sings the Ballads of the True West is a concept album by country singer Johnny Cash. It was his 22nd album. It was released on Columbia Records in 1965. It contains 20 individual songs, including ballads and other songs on topics related to the history of the American Old West.

The only single from the album was "Mr. Garfield". This song is about the shock of the American people after the assassination of President James Garfield.

Other songs on the album include "The Ballad of Boot Hill", written by Carl Perkins; and "Streets of Laredo", a traditional folk song. One of the songs, "25 Minutes to Go" was later be performed at Folsom Prison and appeared on Cash's famous At Folsom Prison recording in 1968.

Songs

Bonus songs
Sings the Ballads of the True West was re-released in 2002 with two extra tracks. The second of these is an instrumental version of the song "Stampede" as recorded on the original version.

 "Rodeo Hand" (Peter La Farge) – 2:27
 "Stampede" (Peter La Farge) – 1:07

Charts
Singles - Billboard (North America)

Other websites
 Luma Electronic album information for Sings the Ballads of the True West 

Johnny Cash
1965 albums
Coming Soon is a 1999 romance-comedy movie. It is about three rich high school seniors. Yasmine Bleeth plays Mimi, Mia Farrow is Jody, Ashton Kutcher is Louie and Ellen Pompeo is the Upset Girl.

This movie was released on April 17, 1999 in the United States. Coming Soon was controversial because officials of the MPAA marked it with an NC-17. The movie, however, was trimmed and re-rated R.

1999 romance movies
1999 comedy movies
1990s romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
"The Man Comes Around" is a song from Johnny Cash's American IV: The Man Comes Around album, released in 2002. It was actually written a few years earlier; however, Cash updated it for the album. It is one of the last songs Cash wrote before his death. Both sung and spoken, the song makes numerous Biblical references, especially to the Book of Revelation.

References

Other websites
 .

2002 songs
Johnny Cash songs
Songs written by Johnny Cash
Ceolwulf († ) was the King of the Gewisse, also called the King of Wessex. He ruled from  to 611.

King in Wessex 

Ceolwulf was the grandson of Cynric. He succeeded his brother Ceol. The first mention of him as king in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was in 597. He "continuously fought with success against the Angelcyn and Britons; Picts and Scots." During this time the West Saxons controlled Berkshire and Wiltshire. They also occupied parts of Somerset and Hampshire. Historians question whether he could have attacked the Picts and Scots. The Gewisse (West Saxons) were not known to range that far north into Scotland. The Picts may have reached as far south as Chester. But there is no record of Ceolwulf fighting in Chester. The chronicle records he fought the South Saxons in 607. The Jutes in the South of England would have acknowledged him as their overlord. He would have been fighting against Pybba of Mercia. Ceolwulf died in 611. He was succeeded by Cynegils

Family 
Ceolwulf had a son:
 Cynegils, an atheling who probably did not reign.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
610s deaths
Kings of Wessex
Bridget Elizabeth Sloan (born June 23, 1992) is an American gymnast. She is the 2009 All-Around World Champion and the 2009 All-Around U.S. National Champion. Bridget was a member of the silver medal U.S. women's gymnastics team at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. As of 2013, Sloan is a member of the NCAA University of Florida team, and the NCAA All-Around and Beam Champion.

References 

1992 births
Living people
American gymnasts
Titration is a type of quantitative chemical analysis. It is used to work out the unknown concentration of a known substance. 

It makes the use of two main chemical apparatus namely, pipette and burette. External indicators like phenolphthalein or methyl orange and internal indicators like KMnO4 (potassium permanganate) are used to mark the end point of titration.
 
A known concentration and volume of a reagent, called the titrant or titrator, is added to a known volume of another reagent, the analyte or titrand. This is done slowly from a burette until the end point is reached. The volume added before the end point is reached is noted. Because one of the solutions, the titrant, has a known concentration, that of the other, the titrand, can be calculated.

Professionals now use a pH meter, which is potentiometer with an electrode whose potential depends on the amount of H+ ions in the solution. The pH of the solution is measured throughout the titration, more accurately than with an indicator. At the endpoint there is a sudden change in the measured pH.

Since volume measurements play a key role in titration, it is known as volumetric analysis as well as quantitative analysis.

References 

Analytical chemistry
The Wikipedia Revolution: How A Bunch of Nobodies Created The World's Greatest Encyclopedia is a 2008 book by Andrew Lih. It is a book about the history of the internet encyclopedia Wikipedia. It covers the period from the start of Wikipedia in early 2000 to early 2008. It has biographies of Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger, and Ward Cunningham. Wales and Sanger started Wikipedia, while Cunningham started the first online wiki. It also talks about events in Wikipedia's history such as the Essjay controversy.

The book has a foreword (a short piece of writing found at the beginning of a book) by Wales, and an afterword (a short piece of writing found at the end of a book) by volunteers of an online wiki who talk about the problems and opportunities in Wikipedia's future.

References

Other websites
, official website
"Wikipedia: Exploring Fact City", Noam Cohen, New York Times, March 28, 2009
"Wikipedia's Old-Fashioned Revolution", L. Gordon Crovitz, The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2009
"Like Boiling a Frog" , review by David Runciman in The London Review of Books, May 28, 2009

2008 books
Works about Wikipedia
The Diderot effect is a phenomenon from sociology, which was named after Denis Diderot, who first described it in an essay. In the essay, Diderot talked about a robe he used to wear in the bathroom: The old robe was a little shabby, but useful. When he was given a new robe, the new robe was more shiny, and nicer, but it did not fit well with the other clothes. 

Regrets on Parting with My Old Dressing Gown: I was absolute master of my old dressing gown,” Diderot writes, “but I have become a slave to my new one … Beware of the contamination of sudden wealth. The poor man may take his ease without thinking of appearances, but the rich man is always under a strain.

So, the Diderot effect describes that people often show a tendency to buy more goods after they bought one item. It is said that they do this to restore the general perception they had about their belongings.

References 

Sociology
Economics
Game Freak, Inc. is a Japanese video game company that makes video games for Nintendo game consoles. It is most well known for developing the Pokémon series of role-playing video games.

Game Freak was originally a gaming magazine created by Satoshi Tajiri and Ken Sugimori in the 1980s.  On April 26, 1989, Tajiri and Sugimori started a video game company with the same name.

References

Other websites
Official Game Freak website 

1989 establishments in Asia
Japanese video game companies
1980s establishments in Japan
Christina Georgina Rossetti (5 December 1830 – 29 December 1894) was born in Charlotte Street (now 105 Hallam Street), in London and was an English Victorian poet who wrote a variety of romantic, devotional, and children's poems.

Works 
She is known for her poem "Goblin Market", the "Remember" and her sonnets. She also wrote the words of two Christmas carols well known in the British Isles: "In the Bleak Midwinter", later set to music by Gustav Holst and by Harold Darke, and "Love Came Down at Christmas", also set by Harold Darke and by other composers. 

Her father Gabriele Rossetti was also a poet and a political exile from Vasto, Abruzzo, since 1824 and her mother Frances Polidori was the sister of Lord Byron's friend and physician, John William Polidori. 

She had two brothers and a sister: Dante Gabriel became an influential artist and poet, and William Michael and Maria both became writers.

Christina was the youngest child in the family, she was a lively child and she dictated her first story to her mother before she had learned to write.

References

Other websites
Biography at poets.org

English poets
1830 births
1894 deaths