cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
David P.I. James is an American visual effects artist and supervisor. He has worked with Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures on a number of movies, including The Rocketeer, Flubber, Mighty Joe Young, Inspector Gadget, Mission to Mars, 102 Dalmatians, The Princess Diaries, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, Old Dogs, Doctor Strange, and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2.

Filmography 
 Look Who's Talking (1989) visual effects coordinator
 The Rocketeer (1991) visual effects production assistant
 Hook (1991) visual effects production manager
 Mighty Joe Young (1998) visual effects production manager
 Inspector Gadget (1999) visual effects plate manager
 Mission to Mars (2000) visual effects plate manager: Dream Quest Images
 102 Dalmatians (2000) visual effects plate producer
 The Princess Diaries (2001) plate supervisor
 Kangaroo Jack (2003) visual effects producer
 50 First Dates (2004) visual effects plate producer
 The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005) motion capture producer
 Zoom (2006) visual effects producer: Digital Domain
 The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning (2006) visual effects producer: Digital Domain
 The Hitcher (2007) visual effects producer
 Transformers (2007) visual effects producer: Digital Domain
 The Seeker: The Dark Is Rising (2007) visual effects producer: Digital Domain
 G-Force (2009) story, executive producer
 G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra (2009) visual effects producer: Digital Domain
 Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel (2009) visual effects plate producer
 I'm Here (Short 2010) visual effect producer: Digital Domain
 Hop (2011) visual effects plate producer
 Big Miracle (2012) visual effects producer
 Silver Linings Playbook (2012) visual effects producer
 After Earth (2013) visual effects producer
 Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) visual effects producer: MPC
 Doctor Strange (2016) vfx producer: Method Studios
 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017) visual effects producer: method studios

References

Other websites 
 

Living people
American artists
Year of birth missing (living people)
The Toyota Owners 400 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Richmond Raceway in Richmond, Virginia, it is one of two races held at the circuit, with the other one being the Federated Auto Parts 400, From 2007-2011, It was named by the sponsor, Crown Royal, The race is held on Saturday night and it it is held on the weekend in April, For several years, it was held after the Daytona 500 in February, Consistent cold weather, snow delays, prompted track officials to move the race later in the spring.

Past winners

Notes
1962: Race shortened due to darkness.
1974: Race shortened due to energy crisis.
1977, 1982, and 2003: Race shortened due to rain.
1986: This race is largely remembered for its controversy. Dale Earnhardt spun out Darrell Waltrip at the end, and both cars crashed. Petty slipped by to win.
1988: Last race on old layout.
1989: Race rescheduled one month later due to snow.
1998: Race moved to Saturday night event.
2002: Race started on Saturday night but was finished on Sunday afternoon due to rain.
2007 and 2015: Race postponed from Saturday night to Sunday afternoon due to rain.
2008, 2013 and 2018: Race extended due to a NASCAR Overtime finish.
 2008 - 410 laps
 2013 - 406 laps
 2018 – 402 laps
2009: Kyle Busch won on his 24th birthday.

Track length notes
1953–1969: 0.5 mile course
1970–1988: 0.542 mile course
1989–present: 0.75 mile course

Multiple winners (drivers)

Multiple winners (teams)

Manufacturers wins

References 

1950s establishments in Virginia
1953 establishments in the United States
NASCAR tracks
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
Richmond, Virginia
April events
The GEICO 500 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Talladega Superspeedway, it is one of two races held at the circuit, with the other one being the 1000Bulbs.com 500 in October, Unlike the Daytona 500, Multiple cars pile up in wrecks, known as The Big One.

Talladega Superspeedway tops the series list with its steepest banking with 33 degrees, Because of its speed, Talladega is one of two tracks to stop speeds from climbing too high.

References

Other websites 

20th-century establishments in Alabama
1970 establishments in the United States
NASCAR tracks
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
1970 in sports
A red supergiant star is a larger and brighter type of red giant star. Red supergiants are often variable stars and are between 200 to 2,200 times bigger than the Sun. An example of a red supergiant star is Antares. 119 Tauri, Betelgeuse, Mu Cephei, Stephenson 2-18 and VV Cephei are other famous examples of red supergiants. Most red supergiant stars explode as supernovae, but some of the brightest become Wolf-Rayet stars before exploding. They are stars that have a  LOT of light. They are the largest stars in the universe If measured in Volume, granting they are not the biggest or Brightest. Betelgeuse and Antares are the brightest and best known red supergiants (RSGs), indeed the only first magnitude red supergiant stars. They are commonly a hundred to a thousand times the sun, but still size is not the only impressing aspect of a Red Supergiant. They are surprisingly cool. Not only that, but they are cooler than the sun.

References

Red giants
Types of stars
The AAA 400 Drive for Autism is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Dover International Speedway, it is one of two races on the circuit, with the other one being the Dover 400 in October, The race is the 11th race of the season and AAA became the title sponsor for 2016.

NASCAR had memorable finishes at this racetrack.

The race reduced from 500 miles to 400 miles in 1998.

Past winners

References

Race info 

20th-century establishments in Delaware
1969 establishments in the United States
Autism
NASCAR tracks
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
1969 in sports
Joshua Wong Chi-fung (, born 13 October 1996) is a Hong Kong student activist and politician. He is a member of the Umbrella Movement. The movement seeks democracy of Hong Kong from China. He led students & youths in the 2014 Hong Kong protests and has been jailed twice for leading the pro-democracy protests. In April 2016, he founded Demosistō with Nathan Law, Agnes Chow and more. On 30 June 2020, after the Hong Kong national security law was passed, he told the public on Facebook that he leaves Demosistō. Wong said, the passed national security law means pro-democracy activist have to worry about their lives and personal safety.

References

Related pages 
Nathan Law
Alex Chow

1996 births
Activists from Hong Kong
Chinese politicians
Protestants
People with disabilities
Living people
Nathan Law Kwun-chung (; born 13 July 1993) is a Hong Kong student leader, politician, activist and pro-democracy member. Alongside  Joshua Wong, he led the 2014 Hong Kong protests. He is the founding and former chairman of Demosistō. He founded Demosistō with Joshua Wong, Agnes Chow and more. On 30 June 2020, after the Hong Kong national security law was passed, he told the public on Facebook that he quits Demosistō.

Further reading 
Alex Chow
Joshua Wong
Agnes Chow

References 

1993 births
Living people
Activists from Hong Kong
Chinese politicians
Guangdong
Liberals
Politicians from Hong Kong
Alex Chow Yong-kang (; born 18th August 1990) is a Hong Kong student leader and member of the 2014 Hong Kong protests. He has alongside Umbrella Movement leaders, Nathan Law and Joshua Wong been a key member in the the organizations involvement in pro-democracy protests.

Further reading 
 Nathan Law
 Joshua Wong

References 

1990 births
Activists from Hong Kong
Living people
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Sam Hamidi-Kazemian (born February 12, 1993) is an Iranian-American software programmer. He is the co-founder and president of Everipedia.

Education 
Kazemian graduated from UCLA in 2015. He changed his mind about going to medical school in order to work on Everipedia.

Everipedia 
Sam Kazemian​ founded Everipedia with Theodor Forselius​ in December 2014 in Kazemian's dormitory room at UCLA.

In 2017, Kazemian told to Boing Boing that "Wikia, like Wikipedia, uses really old software that was built in 2001. Meanwhile there are all these new, modern crowd-knowledge sites like Rap Genius, Quora and StackOverflow, but nobody ever tried to attack the original beast - a wiki of everything - with the new, modern tools. That is what Everipedia aims to do."

Personal life 
When he was young, he and his family moved to the US. He is a blockchain enthusiast and a fan of the programming language Python.

References 

1993 births
American people
Iranian people
Living people
Milpitas () is a city in Santa Clara County, California. The population was 66,790  at the 2010 census.

1950s establishments in California
1954 establishments in the United States
Settlements in Santa Clara County, California
Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Brisbane ( , unlike Brisbane, Australia) is a small city located in California in the northern part of San Mateo County. The population was 4,282 as of the 2010 census.

References 

1908 establishments in California
Settlements in San Mateo County, California
Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Lake View is a town in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 1,943, up from 1,357 in 2000. It is part of the Tuscaloosa Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History 
Lake View was incorporated in 1998.

Geography 
Lake View is located at  (33.279933, -87.138667).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  is land and  (12.57%) is water.

References 

Towns in Alabama
Lakeview is a town in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census, the population was 143.

References 

Towns in Alabama
Fyffe is a town in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1956. At the 2010 census, the population was 1,018.

References 

Towns in Alabama
Colma is a small incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, near the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area. The population was 1,792 at the 2010 census. The town was founded as a necropolis in 1924.

References

Other websites 

 Town of Colma

1920s establishments in California
1924 establishments in the United States
Settlements in San Mateo County, California
Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Dutton is a town in Jackson County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1963. As of the 2010 census, the population was 315, up from 310 in 2000.

References 

Towns in Alabama
Washington Terrace is a city in Utah, United States. The city was developed in 1942 during war time housing project. Washington Terrace is located in the county of Weber, Utah. The city has total area of 1.9 square miles. As of 2017, the city has total population of 9,152.

References

1942 establishments in the United States
Cities in Utah
20th-century establishments in Utah
The Coca-Cola 600 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina on Memorial Day weekend, the longest Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held on the circuit, with the other one being the Bank of America Roval 400 in October, Run as , the race still stands as the longest race of the year.

NASCAR has honored military survivors will highlight all five branches of the United States.

Coca-Cola 600 History 
The Coca-Cola 600 has been notable for the most finishes, The race starts at 6:20 pm and the track is bathed in sunlight for the first third of the race, The second third happens at dusk, and the final third is under the lights.

Name changes 
From 1960 to 1984 the race was known as the World 600. In 1985, the race's name was changed to the Coca-Cola World 600. In 1986 the name was shortened to the Coca-Cola 600, or Coke 600 which it was referred to at the time. The name changed again in 2002 to the Coca-Cola Racing Family 600 referring to the Coca-Cola family of drivers who are sponsored by Coca-Cola. In 2003, the name returned to the Coca-Cola 600.

Past winners

Multiple winners (drivers)

Multiple winners (teams)

Manufacturer wins

World 600 qualifier

References

Other websites 

20th-century establishments in North Carolina
1960 establishments in the United States
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
NASCAR tracks
1960 in sports
Coca-Cola
Angelique Kerber (born 18 January 1988 in Bremen, Germany) is a professional tennis player from Germany. She is three time Grand Slam champion, having won Australian Open and U S Open in 2016 and Wimbledon in 2018. In September, 2016, Kerber became the oldest female player to hold world no. 1 ranking for the first time. She also won silver medal at 2016 Summer Olympics while representing Germany.

Career statistics

Singles Grand Slam performance timeline

Grand Slam tournament finals

Singles: 4 (3 titles, 1 runner-up)

WTA Championships finals

Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)

Olympic finals

Singles: 1 (1 silver medal)

References

1988 births
Living people
German female tennis players
Fire and Fury is a book by Michael Woff which explains the way the Donald Trump White House operates. It was published in January 2018.

References

2018 books
Non-fiction books
Donald Trump
The Pocono 400 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Pocono Raceway, it is one of two races held at the circuit, with the other one being the Gander Outdoors 400 in August.

It is the 14th race of the season.

Past winners

Multiple winners (drivers)

References

Other websites 

1980s establishments in Pennsylvania
1982 establishments in the United States
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
NASCAR tracks
1982 in sports
WOH G64 is a red supergiant star. It is the largest star. It has a radius of 1,800 to over 2,400 times that of the Sun. It is one of the  largest known stars. 

It is also one of the coolest stars in the LMC, with an effective temperature of 3,400 Kelvin. It is a possible Mira variable.

WOH G64 is surrounded by a thick dust envelope of about a light year in diameter. This has three to nine times the Sun's mass of expelled material. It was created by the strong stellar wind. If placed at the center of the Solar System, the star's photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter.

References

Red giants
Hypergiants
Variable stars
David Hussey (born 1968) is an American actor, comedian, singer, dancer and musician, who is best known for his role as Ronald McDonald in the McDonald's commercials from 2000 to 2014 and voicing Ronald in The Wacky Adventures of Ronald McDonald, replacing Jack Doepke.  He graduated Magna cum Laude from Southern Methodist University in 1990.

Personal life
Hussey is married to Tonilyn Hussey; together they have a son.

Filmography

Film and television
It Takes Two (1988) - Theo
Pancho Barnes (1988) - Carter
Finding the Way Home (1991) - Cliff
Dangerous Curves (1993) - Younger Vernon
Apollo 11 (1996) - Reporter #4
L.A. Heat (1997)
Pensacola: Wings of Gold (1998) - Spook
Rockets' Red Glare (2000) - Phil
That's My Bush! (2001) - Cecil the Anti-Drug Mascot
Becker (2002) - Darryl
Random Shooting in L.A. (2002) - Steve
Coming Home (2005) - The Best Friend
Gorgeous Tiny Chicken Machine Show (2008) - Fun Guy
Comedy Gumbo (2008) - ShmappleBapp's Announcer, SkyBike Dad, Various characters

Direct-to-video
The Wacky Adventures of Ronald McDonald (2001–2003) - Ronald McDonald

Commercials
McDonald's - Ronald McDonald (2000–2014)

References

Other websites 
Official website

1950s births
Actors from California
American movie actors
Comedians from California
Singers from California
American dancers
Patriotic Front is a political party in Zambia. It has formed in 2001 by Michael Sata as a breakaway from the MMD after he had felt discontent of not being chosen as Frederick Chiluba. It has been the country's rulling party since 2011.

References

Political parties in Africa
2001 establishments
2000s establishments in Africa
Establishments in Zambia
ZANU-PF is a political party in Zimbabwe. It came into power when Zimbabwe gained independence from British rule in 1980 .

References

Zimbabwe
Political parties in Africa
Karolína Hrdličková (née Plíšková, born 21 March 1992 in Louny, Czech Republic) is a professional tennis player from Czech Republic. She is a former world no.1 player. Plíšková reached US Open finals in 2016 but lost to Angelique Kerber. She is currently ranked no.9.

Career statistics

Grand Slam tournament performance timeline

Grand Slam tournament finals

Singles: 1 (1 runner-up)

References

Living people
1992 births
Czech female tennis players
Richard Russell may refer to:

Politics
Richard M. Russell (1891–1977), American politician, U.S. Representative from Massachusetts
Richard Russell Jr. (1897–1971), governor and U.S. Senator from Georgia
R. J. Russell (Richard John Russell, 1872–1943), British dental surgeon and Liberal politician
Richard Russell (MP for Dunwich), Member of Parliament (MP) for Dunwich, 1420–1427
Richard Russell (died 1435), MP for City of York

Sports
Richard Russell (rugby union) (1879–1960), English rugby union footballer
Richard Russell (rugby league) (born 1967), rugby league footballer
Dick Russell (footballer) (1922–1974), Australian rules footballer for Port Adelaide
Richard Russell (tennis) (born 1945), Jamaican tennis player

Other 
 Richard Russell (doctor) (1687–1759), English doctor from the 18th century
 Richard Russell Sr. (1861–1938), chief justice of the Georgia Supreme Court
 Richard Joel Russell (1895–1971), American geologist and geographer, winner of Cullum Geographical Medal
 Richard Russell (Dow Theory) (1924–2015), American stock market letter writer
 Richard Russell (XL Recordings) (born 1971), British head of label XL Recordings
 Richard T. Russell, British computer scientist
 , a United States Navy attack submarine, 1975–1994
 Richard Russell, American airport ground operator involved in the 2018 Horizon Air Q400 incident
A viceroy is a royal official who rules an area in the name of the King (or Queen). The word is made of 'vice' (Latin for 'in place of') and 'roy' (French, meaning 'king').

The title was used when an empire has widespread territories which the monarch would rarely visit. It was used regularly by the Spanish, Portugese, Russian, Habsburg and British empires. In the British Empire a viceroy was only appointed in the case of British India, and only then for Lord Canning in 1858. Otherwise it was just a ceremonial name for the Governors-General.

Titles
William "Caleb" Cale Yarborough (born March 27, 1939 in Timmonsville, South Carolina) is a former NASCAR Winston Cup Series driver and was one of the series personalities.

History 
Yarborough is a three-time Winston Cup Champion, winning the series, 1976, 1977 and 1978. He is the only driver to only win three consecutive titles. His wins was placed at number 5, Yaroborough won the Daytona 500 five times in his career. His win coming from Wood Brothers Racing in his career, the second in 1977 for Junior Johnson, and back to back wins in 1983 and 1984, In 1984, he became the first driver to qualify for the Daytona 500 with a speed of .

He was involved in a wreck in the 1979 Daytona 500.

Early career 
As a young kid, Yaroborough attended the Southern 500 as a spectator without a ticket, by 1958, he was able to be competing in the Grand National Circuit, In 1965, He was involved in a wreck by Sam McQuagg, Yaroborough's car sailed over the guardrail after tangling with McQuagg's car, Yaroborough tried to make a pass with McQuagg, but their tenders touched Yaroborugh's car went airborne, The car came to rest against a telephone pole outside the track, Yaroborough, who was uninjured, said "I knew I was in trouble when I saw the grass, because I knew there ain't no grass on the racetrack",

On February 25, 1968, he won his first big time race as he beat LeeRoy Yarbrough by less than a second to win the 1968 Daytona 500, Yarborough would win five more races incuding the Southern 500 by four car lengths above David Pearson.

Early in his career, Yarborough competed in the Indianapolis 500, racing in 1966-1967 and 1971-1972.

Sports Illustrated Car Exposure 
He captured his second Daytona 500 in 1977, It was so important that Sports Illustrated put him on cover after his second Daytona 500 win, one of the first stock car drivers that cover on the legendary sports magazine, (see A.J. Foyt).

Awards 

 Yarborough was inducted by the International Motrosports Hall of Fame in 1993
 He was inducted in the National Motorsports Press Association Hall of Fame in 1994
 He was inducted in the court of legends at Charlotte Motor Speedway in 1996
 He was inducted in the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1994.

Acting 
Two episodes of the TV show The Dukes of Hazzard, was featured Cale playing himself, "Cale comes to the Hazzard" in 1984 and "Cale meets the Hazzard in 1979".

Related pages 
 List of NASCAR drivers

References 

1939 births
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from South Carolina
Living people
Mehrdad Pahlbod (‎; 16 March 1917 – 9 August 2018) was an Iranian politician. He served as the Minister of Culture and Arts from 1964 to 1978. He was the first culture minister of Iran. He was a member of the Iranian royal family through his marriage to Shams Pahlavi, the sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

Pahlbod was born in Tehran. He married Shams Pahlavi in 1945. They also became Roman Catholics in the 1940s. Pahlavi died in 1996.

Pahlbod turned 100 in 2017. He died on 9 August 2018 in Los Angeles, California, United States. He was 101.

References

1917 births
2018 deaths
Centenarians
Iranian politicians
People from Tehran
Roman Catholics
The Democratic Alliance, popularly known as the DA, is the main opposition political party in South Africa. It is led by John Steenhuisen.

References 

Political parties in South Africa
The NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series  will be the 25th season of third-highest stock-car racing in the United States, the season will begin with the NextEra Energy Resources 250 at Daytona International Speedway and end with the Ford EcoBoost 200 at Homestead-Miami Speedway, Gander Outdoors began as the title sponsor as Camping World decided not to remain as title sponsor.

Teams and drivers

Complete schedule

Limited schedule

Changes

Schedule 
The schedule, comprising of 23 races, was released on June 15, 2018.

References 

NASCAR
2019 in sports
2010s in the United States
The Umbrella Movement () was a political formation that brought about the 2014 Hong Kong protests. It was formed in 2014 as a means of getting the democracy of Hong Kong from China.

References 

Politics of the People's Republic of China
2010s in Hong Kong
Sexual addiction is when people engage in sexual activities, especially sexual intercourse, even if this has negative consequences for them. Some scientists believe it is one of several sex-related disorders within an umbrella concept known as hypersexual disorder.  The term sexual dependence is also used to refer to people who report being unable to control their sexual urges, behaviors, or thoughts.  Other related models of pathological sexual behavior include hypersexuality (nymphomania and satyriasis), erotomania, Don Juanism (or Don Juanitaism), and paraphilia-related disorders.

Not all people agree that the condition sexual addicion exists. There is considerable debate among psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists, and other specialists whether compulsive sexual behavior constitutes an addiction. They also disagree about its  classification and possible diagnosis. Research on animals has shown that compulsive sexual behavior uses the same mechanism of action that is also responsible for  drug addiction in laboratory animals. As of 2018, neither  the DSM or ICD medical classifications recognise sexual addiction as a valid diagnosis.

References 

Addiction
Human sexuality
Symptoms
The FireKeepers Casino 400 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn Michigan. It is the first of two races held at Michigan, with the other one being the Consumers Energy 400 in August.

This particular event had one of the title sponsorship arrangements, Miller Brewing Company sponsored the race from 1984-1998, In 2006, 3M signed a three-year sponsorship for the race, but after one moved its sponsorship to the August race, Starting in 2008, LifeLock began as title sponsor pending the sponsorship by the speedway, but left after two, The LifeLock 400 was the race formerly known as the Banquet 400 in 2007, From 2012-2015, Quicken Loans sponsored the race, and was replaced by FireKeepers Casino for 2016.

The 1999 race, won by Dale Jarrett, went without a caution, At an average speed of 173.957 mph, It set NASCAR all-time record for a 400-mile race, In many seasons, the race falls on Father's Day weekend.

Past winners

References

Other websites 

1960s establishments in Michigan
1969 establishments in the United States
NASCAR tracks
Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series races
1969 in sports
The Namibia National Students Organisation (NANSO) is a student organisation which advocates for educational reforms for  Namibian students. It was formed in 1984, four years before Namibia's independence as a means of providing equal opportunities for Namibian students who were excluded by Apartheid rule rules.

Student Representation

NANSO has been representing Namibian students nationally since its inception in 1984. In 2016, the student organisation organised mass movements of Namibian students to demand free registration fees at the country's two major universities.

Notable Former Leaders

Regional Leadership (Khomas)

References

Organizations
Windhoek
Peya Mushelenga (born 1975) is a Namibian politician and poet. He is a SWAPO MP. Since February 2018, he has been the minister of Urban and Rural Development.

References 

1975 births
Poets
Namibian politicians
Living people
Mikhail Afanasyevich Shakhov (; 20 November 1931 – 8 August 2018) was a Soviet bantamweight freestyle wrestler. He competed at the 1956 and the 1960 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal in 1956. Shakhov was born in Saratov Oblast, Russia.

Death
Shakhov died on 8 August 2018 in Kiev, Ukraine, aged 86.

References

1931 births
2018 deaths
Soviet Olympic medalists
Olympic bronze medalists
Wrestlers
Franklin is a town in Macon County, Alabama, United States. The 2010 census placed the population at 149, unchanged from 2000.

Towns in Alabama
Chavornay is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Essert-Pittet and Corcelles-sur-Chavornay merged into the municipality of Chavornay.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 
 

Municipalities of Vaud
United Party For National Development (UPND) is a political party in Zambia. It was the country's main opposition party until 2021, when the party president, businessman Hakainde Hichilema, was elected president.

References

Political parties in Africa
2000 establishments in Africa
Establishments in Zambia
On August 10, 2018, a Horizon Air Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 was stolen from Seattle–Tacoma International Airport ("Sea–Tac") in SeaTac, Washington.

The man responsible was 29-year-old Richard Russell. He was a Horizon Air ground service operator with no piloting experience.

Russell performed an unauthorized takeoff and flew southward as F-15 fighter jets were scrambled to take down the plane. Sea–Tac air traffic control made radio contact with Russell. He was killed when the plane crashed on sparsely populated Ketron Island in Puget Sound.

References

2018 crimes in the United States
2010s in Washington (U.S. state)
August 2018 events
SeaTac  is a city in southern King County, Washington, United States. It is a suburb of Seattle, Washington. The name SeaTac is a combination of Seattle and Tacoma. It is named from the Seattle–Tacoma International Airport.

The city of SeaTac is  in area and has a population of 26,909 according to the 2010 census. Residents voted for incorporation on March 14, 1989, and the city incorporated in February 1990.

References

Cities in Washington (U.S. state)
Camel toe, or cameltoe, is slang for when the outline of a woman's labia majora is seen in tightly fitting clothes. The male equivalent of cameltoe is mooseknuckle. It is called a "camel toe" because of how the woman's labia outline is similar to that of a camel's toe. 

Camel toe happens as a result of wearing tight-fitting clothes, such as shorts, leggings or swimwear.

References

Slang
Clothing controversies
In human anatomy, and in mammals in general, the mons pubis (pubic mound, also known simply as the mons, and known specifically in females as the mons Venus or mons veneris), is a part of the body where the fatty tissue is found over the pubic symphysis of the pubic bones. The mons pubis is part of the vulva. The vulva is the part of the body where reproductive organs are located on the outside of the body.

References

Female reproductive system
Arthur Davies (11 April 1941 – ) was a Welsh tenor. He had an international performance career from the 1970s through the 1990s. He performed leading roles with The Royal Opera in London, the Welsh National Opera, the Scottish Opera, and the English National Opera.

Davies was born in Wrexham, Wales. He died in August 2018 at the age of 77. His death was announced on August 9.

References

Other websites

 Profile, Opera Scotland
 Sainwales.com
 Arthur Davies | AllMusic

1941 births
2018 deaths
Welsh singers
Samir Amin (3 September 1931 – 12 August 2018) was an Egyptian-French Marxian economist. He was born in Cairo. He was known for his creation of the term Eurocentrism in 1988.

Amin died on 12 August 2018 in Paris, aged 86.

References

Other websites
"Third World Forum: An Interview with Samir Amin," Z Magazine
Empire of Chaos Challenged: An Interview with Samir Amin  

1931 births
2018 deaths
Marxism
French critics
French economists
Egyptian writers
People from Cairo
Writers from Paris
Marta Gabriela Michetti Illia (; born 28 May 1965) is an Argentine politician. She was the 36th Vice President of Argentina from 10 December 2015 through 10 December 2019 alongside President Mauricio Macri. Her and Isabel Martínez de Perón, are the only women to hold the office.

Michetti is member of the Republican Proposal (PRO) and Cambiemos (Let's change) coalition. She was Deputy Chief of Government in Buenos Aires from 2009 to 2013, working with then-Mayor Macri. He was Senator for Buenos Aires since 2013 to 2016.

She is great-grandniece of former President of Argentina, Dr. Arturo Umberto Illia.

References

1965 births
Living people
Vice Presidents of Argentina
People from Buenos Aires
Parker Solar Probe is a NASA robotic spacecraft heading towards the outer corona of the Sun. It will reach to within 8.86 solar radii (6.2 million kilometers or 3.85 million miles) from the "surface" of the Sun and will travel, at closest approach, as fast as .

Overview 
It was launched on August 12, 2018. This was the first time a NASA spacecraft was named after a living person, honoring  physicist Eugene Parker.

A memory card having the names of over 1.1 million people was mounted on a plaque and installed below the spacecraft’s high-gain antenna on May 18, 2018.

The card also contains photos of Parker, professor emeritus at the University of Chicago, and a copy of his 1958 scientific paper.

Special Material Technology 
Because of how close the probe will be to the Sun, it will experience very high temperatures. To make sure that the probe is not damaged by the hot environment, engineers had to design a special shield to protect the sensitive components on the probe. The shield is made up of five layers. The outermost layer is a white ceramic layer which reflects away the Sun's rays. By reflecting the rays away, it prevents the shield from heating up too much. The second layer is a barrier layer which connects the ceramic layer to the middle layer. The middle layer is a carbon-carbon sheet which is very light and strong. This helps keep the shield in one piece. The fourth layer is a carbon foam which is very light and does not conduct heat well. This again helps with keeping the temperature low. The fifth and final layer is a second carbon sheet which makes the entire shield rigid enough for spaceflight.

Since the probe was launched from a rocket, it was very important to minimize its weight. If it was too heavy, the rocket would not be able to launch it far enough to complete its mission. Because of the well engineered materials in the shield, the entire shield only weighs 73 kg. That is about the same weight as an average adult human.

References

August 2018 events
NASA spacecraft
Eugene Newman Parker (born June 10, 1927) is an American solar astrophysicist. In the mid-1950s—developed the theory of the supersonic solar wind and predicted the Parker spiral shape of the solar magnetic field in the outer solar system. 

In 1987, Parker proposed that the solar corona might be heated by myriad tiny "nanoflares" (similar to solar flares) that would happen all over the surface of the Sun.

Parker spent four years at the University of Utah and has been at the University of Chicago since 1955. Parker was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1967.

In 2017, NASA renamed its Solar Probe Plus to Parker Solar Probe in his honor, marking the first time NASA had named a spacecraft after a living person. 

In 2018, the American Physical Society awarded him the Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research.

References

1927 births
Living people
American astrophysicists
Educators from Michigan
Scientists from Michigan
Writers from Michigan
Scientists from Chicago
Writers from Chicago
Educators from Chicago
The Upper Peninsula (UP), also known as Upper Michigan, is the northern of the two major peninsulas that make up the U.S. state of Michigan. The peninsula is north by Lake Superior, on the east by the St. Marys River, on the southeast by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and on the southwest by Wisconsin.

The Upper Peninsula has 29% of the land area of Michigan but just 3% of its total population. Residents are frequently called Yoopers.

The peninsula's largest cities are Marquette, Sault Ste. Marie, Escanaba, Menominee, Houghton, and Iron Mountain.

Maple syrup is a highly prized local delicacy.

References

Geography of Michigan
Peninsulas
Cath Kidston Limited was registered with Companies House, on 3 April 1993. In 2009, the company's profits jumped more than 60 percent from £2.9million to £4.6million. Sales rose to £31.3m, compared with £19.3m the year before. This was partly due to new store openings. She sold most of her shares in the company in 2010. She sold them to private equity investors called TA Associates. She kept some shares. She is the company's Creative Director.

Collaborations
Kidston has worked with Milletts to design tents (2005-6). She designed mobile phones for Nokia and the Carphone Warehouse in 2006. She worked with Roberts to design radios, from 2005 onwards. In 2008 she worked with Tesco to produce shopping bags made from plastic bottles,. The bags were sold to raise money for Marie Curie Cancer Care. They raised almost £500000. The bags saved about 6000000 plastic bottles from being used as landfill.

References 

1990s establishments in England
Companies of the United Kingdom
Richard Louis Hanna (January 25, 1951 – March 15, 2020) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from New York from 2011 to 2017. He was known for being the second Republican U.S. Representative to support same-sex marriage in the United States.

Hanna was known for his bipartisanship. He was against Obamacare and the Patriot Act. Hanna supported Equal Rights Amendment, abortion and supported female Democratic candidates.

In December 2015, Hanna announced he would not run for re-election in the 2016 election citing his retirement due to family issues.

On August 2, 2016, Hanna became the first sitting Republican member of Congress to say that he would vote for Hillary Clinton for President over Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election.

Hanna died on March 15, 2020 under hospice care in New Hartford, New York of cancer, aged 69.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1951 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York
United States representatives from New York
People from Utica, New York
US Republican Party politicians
Saugerties () is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 19,482 at the 2010 census. Part of the town is inside Catskill Park.

References

Towns in New York
Keith Farrelle Cozart (born August 15, 1995), better known by his stage name Chief Keef, is an American rapper and record producer. He was born in South Side, Chicago and raised in Washington Park. Keef's music first became popular among high school students from Chicago's South Side during his teen years in the early 2010s. 

In 2012, Keef's popular street single "I Don't Like" was remixed by rapper Kanye West, reaching the Billboard Top 10. His debut album Finally Rich was released in December 2012, and featured the successful singles "I Don't Like" and "Love Sosa".

References

1995 births
Living people
Rap musicians from Illinois
American record producers
Singers from Chicago
Musicians from Chicago
Sir Robert Bryson Hall II (born January 22, 1990), known by his stage name Logic, is an American rapper, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He was born in Rockville, Maryland, but raised in Gaithersburg, Maryland.

Logic began his musical career in early 2009 releasing Logic: The Mixtape and a mixtape titled Young, Broke & Infamous in 2010. He signed with Visionary Music Group, before releasing three more mixtapes over three years.

His fourth mixtape, Young Sinatra: Welcome to Forever (2013), which made him very popular. He later released his debut studio album Under Pressure in October 2014, which debuted at number four on the U.S. Billboard 200. Logic's second studio album The Incredible True Story was released in November 2015, receiving mostly positive reviews from critics.

Logic's third studio album Everybody (2017) was his first to debut at number one in the U.S on the billboard 200. In the album, Logic released his most popular song, "1-800-273-8255", which reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100. 

In 2018, Logic along with Sam Smith released a version of Smith's single "Pray".

Notes

References

1990 births
Living people
Rap musicians from Maryland
American singer-songwriters
American record producers
People from Rockville, Maryland
Singers from Maryland
Musicians from Maryland
Writers from Maryland
Gaithersburg, officially the City of Gaithersburg, is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland. At the time of the 2010 U.S. Census, Gaithersburg had a population of 59,933. It is the fourth largest incorporated city in the state, behind Baltimore, Frederick, and Rockville. Gaithersburg was incorporated as a town in 1878 and as a city in 1968.

References

Cities in Maryland
Montgomery County, Maryland
1878 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Maryland
1968 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Maryland
Thomas Wesley Pentz (born November 10, 1978), better known by his stage name Diplo, is an American DJ and record producer. He is the co-creator and lead member of the electronic dancehall music project Major Lazer. He is known for his works with DJ Skrillex.

Diplo founded and manages record company Mad Decent, as well as co-founding the non-profit organization Heaps Decent. He has worked as a school teacher in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

His 2013 EP, Revolution, debuted at number 68 on the US Billboard 200. The EP’s title track was later featured in a commercial for Hyundai and is featured on the WWE 2K16 soundtrack.

On February 24, 2016, Diplo supported Bernie Sanders as the Democratic presidential nominee. Sanders' ad "It's A Revolution" is soundtracked by Diplo's 2013 track "Revolution".

References

1978 births
Living people
American record producers
Educators from Mississippi
American dance musicians
American hip hop musicians
American DJs
Musicians from Mississippi
Singers from Mississippi
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Singers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Trap musicians
Educators from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Tansu Çiller (born 24 May 1946) is a Turkish economist and politician. She was the 22nd Prime Minister of Turkey from 1993 to 1996. 

Çiller is Turkey's first and only female prime minister. She was the leader of the True Path Party. She was the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1996 to 1997.

References 

1946 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Turkey
Economists
People from Istanbul
Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz (6 November 1947 – 30 October 2020) a Turkish politician. He was the leader of the Motherland Party from 1991 to 2002.

Three times, he was the Prime Minister of Turkey. His first two terms lasted just months (in 1991 and 1996), while the third ran from June 1997 to January 1999.

Yılmaz died on 30 October 2020 from lung cancer at a hospital in Istanbul at the age of 72.

References

Other websites
 Biography at Motherland Party's website
 Personal Website
 Biography at biyografi.net (Turkish)

1947 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Prime Ministers of Turkey
"Lay Me Down" is a song by English singer Sam Smith. It was the lead single from his debut studio album In the Lonely Hour (2014). The song was released in the United Kingdom on 15 February 2013. The song was written by Smith, Jimmy Napes and Elviin and produced by Napes and Steve Fitzmaurice.

The song was re-released in February 2015 as the sixth single from the album, this time reaching number 8 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number 15 on the UK Singles Chart. A third version featuring John Legend recorded for the British charity telethon Comic Relief reached number one in the UK in March 2015.

References

2013 songs
Pop ballads
Sam Smith (singer) songs
Pietermaritzburg is a city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It is the capital of the province and the second largest in terms of size, after Durban.

References 

1880 establishments
1880s establishments in South Africa
Cities in South Africa
"Stay with Me" is a song by English singer Sam Smith. The song was released through his debut studio album In the Lonely Hour (2014). It was released in the United States on 14 April 2014 and in the United Kingdom on 18 May 2014. 

"Stay with Me" is a gospel-inspired ballad.  The song was written by Smith, James Napier, and William Phillips. 

Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne receiving co-writer credits due to the song's similarity to Petty's single "I Won't Back Down".

References

2014 songs
Pop ballads
Sam Smith (singer) songs
Willie Lewis Brown Jr. (born March 20, 1934) is an American politician. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Brown was in the California State Assembly for thirty years, spending 15 years as its speaker and later as the 41st mayor of San Francisco.

Brown was the first African American Mayor of San Francisco. 

The San Francisco Chronicle called Brown "one of San Francisco's most famous mayors" who had "celebrity beyond the city's boundaries."

References

1934 births
Living people
Mayors of San Francisco
Politicians from Texas
US Democratic Party politicians
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Sylvester Turner (born September 27, 1954) is an American politician. He is the 62nd and current Mayor of Houston, Texas. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Turner was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from 1989 until 2016. Turner ran for mayor of Houston in 1991, losing in the runoff election to Bob Lanier.

Turner won the 2015 election, defeating Bill King in the runoff by 4,082 votes out of 212,696 votes cast in the closest mayoral election in Houston history by percentage.

References

1954 births
Living people
Mayors of Houston
US Democratic Party politicians
James Matthew Hood (born May 15, 1962) is an American lawyer. He was the 39th Attorney General of Mississippi.  He is a Democrat. He was elected in 2003 and left office in 2020. 

He was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Mississippi in 2019. He lost the election to Tate Reeves.

References

1962 births
Living people
Lawyers from Mississippi
Politicians from Mississippi
US Democratic Party politicians
London Nicole Breed (born August 11, 1974) is an American politician. She is the 45th and current Mayor of the City and County of San Francisco.  She used to be supervisor for District 5, and was president of the Board of Supervisors from 2015 to 2018.

Background 
Breed was raised in San Francisco by her grandmother, Comelia Brown. Along with her grandmother, she lived with her siblings in public housing. In an interview, London talks about remembering being a little girl in her unsafe community. She clearly remembers seeing glass all over the street floors and graffiti on all of the walls. London was a very smart young girl, she loved school and all of her teachers knew she had a bright future ahead of her. In her teen years, Breed attended Galileo High School and soon after, the University of California.

Career 
Before the unfortunate passing of the former mayor Ed Lee, London Breed was destined to become the mayor of San Fransisco. Although London is a very successful woman today, people were not very happy that a woman of color was replacing a white male, but soon, private donations were given at her campaign offices. When it was time to choose a new mayor, Breed cam across a challenger, Mark Leno. Towards the end of the election, Breed was in the lead and she started thinking about all of the great things she could do to help San Francisco. In an interview with San Francisco Chronicles, she reimagined what San Francisco could look like with amazing streets and communities. Breed was not only a great mayor, but she is also a leader who empathizes with san Francisco residents as she too lived with the affordability struggle. London is currently working on making housing affordable and making San Francisco a safe place for everyone.

Breed became acting Mayor following the death of Mayor Ed Lee. She served in this role from December 12, 2017 to January 23, 2018. She won the special election a few months later making Breed the first black woman and second woman to be elected mayor of San Francisco.  She was sworn in as mayor on July 11, 2018.

References

1974 births
Living people
Mayors of San Francisco
US Democratic Party politicians
People from California
Women politicians
Francis Michael Jordan (born February 20, 1935) is an American politician. He is a former mayor of San Francisco serving from 1992 to 1996.

References

1935 births
Living people
Mayors of San Francisco
US Democratic Party politicians
20th-century American politicians
Megan Christine Barry (née Mueller; born September 22, 1963) is an American businesswoman and politician. Barry was the seventh mayor of the city government of Nashville and Davidson County, its first female mayor. She was mayor from 2015 until March 6, 2018.

In 2018, Barry resigned after pleading guilty to felony theft related to an affair with a city employee who had was the head of her security detail. Barry is a member of the Democratic Party.

References

1963 births
Living people
Mayors of Nashville, Tennessee
Politicians from California
Businesspeople from California
US Democratic Party politicians
Clifton David Briley (born January 8, 1964) is an American politician. He is the mayor of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County. He was elected in 2015 as vice-mayor and was sworn in as acting mayor after Megan Barry's resignation on March 6, 2018. 

Briley won the May 24 special election with 55%. He is the first native of both Nashville and Tennessee since Bill Boner in 1991 to be mayor.

Notes

References

1964 births
Living people
Mayors of Nashville, Tennessee
US Democratic Party politicians
Samuel A. Massell Jr. (born August 26, 1927) is a businessman. From 1970 to 1974, he was the 53rd Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia. He is the first Jewish mayor in the city's history.

References

Other websites
 Sam Massell papers from the Digital Library of Georgia

1927 births
Living people
Mayors of Atlanta
US Democratic Party politicians