cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mersin Province is a province in southern Turkey. It is on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana.

Name
In 2002, the province's name was changed from İçel to Mersin. The province retained the license plate number of 33, İçel having been the 33rd in the alphabetical order of Turkish province names.

Geography
87% of the land area is mountain.
About 50% of the population of the province is younger than 24 years of age. 68% were born in Mersin. The literacy rate is 89%.

Districts 

Mersin Province is divided into thirteen districts. Four of them are actually included within the municipality of Mersin city (shown in boldface letters).

Anamur
Aydıncık
Gülnar
Akdeniz
Mezitli
Toroslar
Yenişehir
Bozyazı
Çamlıyayla
Erdemli
Mut
Silifke
Tarsus

Population of the province 
In the table below, the four second-level municipalities are merged within Mersin proper.

Provinces of Turkey
Bronchiectasis is an obstructive lung disease. It is caused by inflammation of the bronchi. It is sometimes said to be part of the group of diseases called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. People with bronchiectasis have swollen bronchi.

Signs
People with bronchiectasis have pain in their chests. Some people with bronchiectasis make sputum that is green or pale yellow. The most common symptom of bronchiectasis is a cough that does not go away. 9 out of 10 people with the disease have this symptom. 3 out of 4 people with bronchiectasis often cough up a lot of sputum. This causes tiredness. People with bronchiectasis may also cough up blood. This is called haemoptysis. People with bronchiectasis may have bad breath. Some people with bronchiectasis have sinusitis that does not go away.

Types
There are three kinds of bronchiectasis. These are:
Cylindrical bronchiectasis
Varicose bronchiectasis
Saccular or cystic - This is the most severe type. It is often found in people with cystic fibrosis.

Causes
People can be born with bronchiectasis or they can develop it later. In about 4 out of 10 cases, a cause is found. People who have rheumatoid arthiritis and smoke are ten times more likely to have the disease. Patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency have also been found to be more likely to get bronchiectasis but it is not known why.

Diagnosis
It is usually diagnosed using a CT scan.

Treatment
Antibiotics are used to treat bronchiectasis. It can also be treated with other drugs. Sometimes surgery is needed.

History
René Laennec wrote the first description of bronchiectasis in 1819.

References

Pulmonology
Carbon-14 is an isotope of the element carbon, so named because it has an atomic mass of 14. It has an atomic nucleus containing 8 neutrons and 6 protons.

It can be used to tell the date that carbon based life forms existed, and roughly tell how old they are, up to about 60,000 years ago.

Isotopes
Carbon
Icchokas Meras (8 October 1934 – 13 March 2014) was a Lithuanian-Israeli writer and screenwriter. On 6 December 2010, he was awarded the Lithuanian National Prize. He was born in Kelmė, Šiauliai County. He was Jewish and survived the Holocaust.

Meras died in Tel Aviv, Israel. He was 79 years old.

References

Other websites
 Icchokas Meras at Famous Birthdays

1934 births
2014 deaths
Holocaust survivors
Jewish Israeli writers
Jewish screenwriters
Lithuanian writers
Lithuanian Jews
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Novelists
Ahmad Reza Baharlou (, born in Darab, Iran) is a former television presenter, movie director, producer and the first director of the Voice of America Persian Service (VOA-PNN).

Biography 
Baharlou studied economics at the National University (Shahid Beheshti University). He went to the United States of America in 1973 and studied moviemaking. He stayed there until 1978. He made his first movie called The End of Childhood. In 1978, he came back to Iran for a very short time and then came back to the United States and started to work for the Voice of America. He quit working for the VOA-PNN in 2008.

References

Living people
Radio personalities
Television presenters
Iranian people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Joe Madison Jackson (March 14, 1923 – January 13, 2019) was a retired American soldier. He served as a career officer in the United States Air Force. He received the Medal of Honor during the Vietnam War for a dangerous rescue operation of three American military personnel. He was born in Newnan, Georgia.

Jackson died on January 13, 2019 at his home in Washington state at the age of 95.

References

1923 births
2019 deaths
American military personnel of World War II
American military personnel of the Korean War
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
People from Georgia (U.S. state)
The Silver Star (officially the Silver Star Medal), is the United States third highest military decoration for valor. It can be awarded to any person serving in the United States Armed Forces. The medal is awarded for gallantry in action against an enemy of the United States.

History 

The Silver Star is the successor award to the earlier "Citation Star". The Citation Star was established by an act of Congress on July 9, 1918. On July 19, 1932, the Secretary of War approved changing the "Citation Star" to the Silver Star Medal. The original "Citation Star" is added to the center of medal. The Silver Star's ribbon is red, white and blue. Authorization for the Silver Star Medal was placed into law by an act of Congress for the U.S. Navy on August 7, 1942. An Act of Congress for the U.S. Army was authorized on December 15, 1942. The US Army and Air Force currently awards the medal as the "Silver Star". The US Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard continues to award the medal as the "Silver Star Medal".

Award criteria 

The Silver Star is awarded to anyone serving in or with the United States Armed Forces, for "gallantry in action". This is: 
 Against an enemy of the United States. 
 While engaged in military operations against opposing forces.
 When serving in a military conflict along with friendly forces where the US is not a belligerent.

Air Force pilots, combat systems officers, Navy and Marine Corps aviators and Naval Flight Officers flying fighter aircraft are often considered eligible to receive the Silver Star upon becoming an ace ( having five or more confirmed aerial kills). In multi-seat fighters, the weapon systems officer or radar intercept officer is also eligible. The Silver Star may also be awarded to members of the armed forces of friendly foreign nations meeting the criteria.

Order of Precedence 

The Silver Star is worn on the uniform after the Distinguished Service Medal. It is to be worn before the Defense Superior Service Medal. When a second (or more) award is given for the Silver Star, an oak leaf cluster is added to the ribbon.

Related pages 
 Bronze Star Medal

References

Other websites 
 The Pyramid Of Honor; Order of Precedence of Military Awards

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United States
Military of the United States
1932 establishments in the United States
Solar thermal energy is a way of producing electricity in which the Sun's energy is concentrated by mirrors or lenses to either heat a fluid-filled pipe or drive a Stirling engine.  The oil which is hot is circulated into a water storage system where it is used to change water into superheated steam, that then turns a turbine to generate electricity.  The heat that is produced through this process powers a Stirling engine. The Stirling engine provides electricity and mechanical energy by having the fluid from within a cylinder expand, which then drives a piston that turns a shaft.

Solar thermal energy is primarily used domestically for space heating, hot water, and in some cases air conditioning. Solar thermal energy is renewable and no fuels are required during the process to generate electricity or mechanical energy. It is also carbon free except for production and transportation, otherwise it is non-polluting. Solar thermal can also be combined with photovoltaics (PVs), in highly efficient cogeneration systems.  Some downsides are that solar thermal generates low grade energy, installation and construction costs are very high, it is expensive compared to conventional water heaters, and is hard to compete against cheap natural gas.  An example of a Solar Thermal Electric Generation Plant is the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System that uses 300,000 computer-controlled mirrors, that focuses sunlight to the top of 459-foot towers, where water is turned into steam to power turbines.

Solar power
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (abbreviated ANWR) is in northeastern Alaska. It was created to protect and keep the area's Wildlife and wilderness.  Some of these are polar bears, grizzly bears, grey wolves, and caribou. Fish species include Dolly Varden, Arctic char, Lake trout and several kinds of salmon. There are at least 194 species of birds that visit or live here. The refuge totals 19,286,722 acres. 

In the ground under ANWR is one of the last major oil reserves in the United States. There are debates on whether or not to allow oil drilling. Those in favor have argued that removing the oil will make the U.S. less dependent on foreign supplies of oil. In the 1990s, the U.S. imported over half of the oil it used.  ANWR is also near the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field. It contains large oil deposits that are already providing oil.  But, the refuge land is a fragile natural environment. The area proposed for oil drilling is also the calving grounds for the Porcupine caribou herds.

References 

Geography of Alaska
Environmental issues
Ecology
Scrubber systems are used to make coal a "cleaner" fuel.  Scrubbers remove sulfur from a power plant's exhaust.  Scrubbers are of two types, wet scrubbers and dry scrubbers. Wet scrubbers use liquid chemicals to remove pollutants. Dry scrubbers typically use fabric filters. In many cases both are used together. As polluted air passes through a wet scrubber, chemicals in the scrubber react with the air pollution causing it to precipitate out.  Modern scrubbers can remove up to 98% of the sulfur and 99% of the precipitate matter from within the smokestacks. The sulfur and metals that are removed from the scrubbers can be sold as a marketable products.  Sludge from lime scrubbers can be sold to wallboard manufacturers, and fly ash from chimney flues can be sold to make lightweight concrete that can substitute for wood. The use of coal in the United States about doubled during the last quarter (25 years) of the 20th century. However, sulfur in the air was reduced by 30% during that same period. This shows that scrubbers work.

References 

Air pollution
Floyd Adams, Jr. (May 11, 1945 – February 1, 2014) was an American politician. He was from the state of Georgia. He was the former Mayor of Savannah, Georgia. He was a Democrat.

Adams died in Savannah at the St. Joseph's Hospital from unknown causes. He was 68 years old.

References

1945 births
2014 deaths
African American politicians
American mayors
People from Savannah, Georgia
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
US Democratic Party politicians
James Taft "Jimmer" Fredette (born February 25, 1989 in Glens Falls, New York) is an American professional basketball player. In 2014, he joined the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

References

1989 births
Living people
American basketball players
Chicago Bulls players
Sportspeople from New York
People from Glens Falls, New York
Gerald Eugene "Jerry" Sloan (March 28, 1942 – May 22, 2020) was a National Basketball Association player and head coach, and a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame. He played for the Chicago Bulls from 1966 to 1976. He soon coached them from 1979 to 1982. He also coached the Utah Jazz from 1988 to 2011. Sloan was born in McLeansboro, Illinois.

In April 2016, Sloan was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.

Sloan died on May 22, 2020 in Salt Lake City, Utah at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Deaths from dementia with Lewy bodies
American basketball players
Chicago Bulls players
Chicago Bulls head coaches
Sportspeople from Illinois
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski (  ;   ; March 28, 1928 – May 26, 2017) was a Polish American political scientist, geostrategist, and statesman. He served as the United States National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981.

Brzezinski died at a hospital in Falls Church, Virginia on May 26, 2017 from congestive heart failure at the age of 89.

References

1928 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Virginia
American political scientists
American critics
Politicians from Warsaw
United States National Security Advisors
US Democratic Party politicians
Hans Martin Blix (born 28 June 1928) is a Swedish politician, civil servant, educator, activist, businessman, diplomat, and chief executive.

He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs for Sweden from 1978 to 1979. He was one of the first Swedish representatives to inspect the Chernobyl disaster in the Soviet Union.

Blix was born on 28 June 1928 in Uppsala, Sweden. He studied at Uppsala University, Columbia University, University of Cambridge and at Stockholm University.

References

Other websites

Annotated Bibliography for Hans Blix from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues 
WMD Commission Biography 
UN Maxims Biography
United Nations Biography
Dr. Hans Blix's BBC Profile

1928 births
Living people
Activists
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Swedish businesspeople
Chief executives
Columbia University alumni
Swedish diplomats
Swedish educators
Government ministers of Sweden
People from Uppsala
Robert Larry Mickey (October 21, 1943 – July 23, 1982) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Mickey played a total of 11 years in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Black Hawks, New York Rangers, Toronto Maple Leafs, Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, Philadelphia Flyers, and Buffalo Sabres.

When he was playing in the Central Hockey League with the Omaha Knights, he was named to the first team of the All-Stars during the 1966-67 season. His team also made it to the Adams Cup finals the same year.

On April 16, 1967, the night before the third game of the Adams Cup play-off series versus the Oklahoma City Blazers, Mickey got into a car accident on a country road near Seward, Nebraska. The crash was caused by the visibility of the road being almost zero because of dust that was blowing from a nearby field. Mickey suffered a broken left arm, cuts, and bruises. His wife Eleanor, who was a passenger in Mickey's car, died in the accident.

On July 23, 1982, Mickey committed suicide in Buffalo, New York by sitting in his car while the engine was running in his garage.

References

Other websites

1943 births
1982 deaths
American Hockey League players
Buffalo Sabres players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Alberta
Los Angeles Kings players
Montreal Canadiens players
New York Rangers players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides in the United States
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Central Professional Hockey League players
Richard Derek Blight (October 17, 1955 – April 3, 2005) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Blight played a total of 5 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Vancouver Canucks and Los Angeles Kings.

Blight was drafted with the 10th overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1975 NHL Entry Draft. After Blight retired from hockey, he became a stockbroker and marketing consultant. He was inducted into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame in 1995.

Blight disappeared on April 3, 2005. After two weeks and a Canada-wide search, his body was found dead in a field on his farm near Lake Manitoba with his pickup nearby. It was confirmed that Blight had committed suicide.

References

Other websites

1955 births
2005 deaths
American Hockey League players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Los Angeles Kings players
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Stockbrokers
Suicides in Canada
Vancouver Canucks players
Central Professional Hockey League players
A wiring diagram is a diagram that shows electrical devices and the electrical wires that connect them. It shows the position and arrangement of each device to be connected by those wires. It may be used to plan where things should be located and wired, or to find them afterwards.

Related pages 
 Circuit diagram

References 

Engineering
Diagrams
Adidja Azim Palmer (born 7 January 1976) better known as Vybz Kartel, is a Jamaican dancehall musician. Kartel started a line of liquor in 2008.

Career
Kartel has worked with Jay-Z, Rihanna, Missy Elliott, Busta Rhymes, M.I.A, Pharrell, Kardinal Offishall, Akon, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne and Eminem.

Personal life
On 29 September 2011, Kartel was arrested. Jamaica's Major Investigation Taskforce (MIT) charged him with murder. Kartel was found guilty after a 65-day trial.

References

1976 births
Jamaican singers
Living people
Murderers
Reggae musicians
Sidharth Malhotra (born 16 January 1985) is an Indian movie actor and former model. He appears in Hindi language films of Bollywood. He started his career in movies with Karan Johar's movie Student of the Year (2012), along with other newcomers, Varun Dhawan and Alia Bhatt, for which he received a nomination in the Filmfare award for Best Male Debut. Later, he gained appreciation in the 2014 movie Hasee Toh Phasee in which he was paired opposite Parineeti Chopra, recently he has been paired opposite Shraddha Kapoor in Ek Villain which has been released on June 27, 2014. Besides acting in movies, he performs in award functions and is a celebrity endorser for many brands.

Filmography

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites

 

Living people
People from Delhi
Punjabi people
1985 births
Indian movie actors
Indian models
The Bronze Star Medal is the fourth-highest individual military award. It is the ninth-highest award by order of precedence in the US Military. It may be awarded for acts of heroism, acts of merit, or meritorious service in a combat zone. When it is awarded for acts of heroism, the medal is awarded with the "V" device attached. The required acts are less heroic than those that qualify for the Silver Star.

Eligibility 

The medal is sometimes called the Bronze Star. Foreign soldiers, as well as officers from the other federal uniformed services are also eligible to receive the decoration. They must be serving with a service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

History 

The Bronze Star Medal was an idea by Colonel Russell P. "Red" Reeder in 1943. He believed it would aid morale if there was a medal which could be awarded by captains of companies or batteries to deserving people serving under them. Reeder felt another medal was needed for ground forces that was equivalent to the Air Medal. He proposed that the new award be called the "Ground Medal". The idea eventually gained support. General George C. Marshall wrote a memorandum (note) to President Franklin D. Roosevelt dated 3 February 1944. He wrote: 

The Air Medal had been adopted two years earlier to raise airmen's morale. President Roosevelt authorized the Bronze Star Medal by Executive Order 9419 dated 4 February 1944. The order was made retroactive to 7 December 1941. The Executive Order was amended by President John F. Kennedy. The Executive Order 11046 dated 24 August 1962 expanded the authorization to include those serving with friendly forces. This allowed for awards where US service members might be involved in an armed conflict where the United States was not a belligerent. At the time of the Executive Order the US was not a belligerent in Vietnam. So any US advisers serving with the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces would not have been eligible for the award.

A study was conducted in 1947. The outcome was the policy was changed to make the retroactive award of the Bronze Star Medal (without the "V" device) to all soldiers who had received the Combat Infantryman Badge. It also included those who received the Combat Medical Badge during World War II. The reason for doing this was that the badges were awarded to soldiers who experienced the hardships described in General Marshall's memorandum. Both badges required a recommendation by the commander and a citation in orders.

Order of Precedence 
  
The Bronze Star is worn on the uniform after the Soldier's Medal or the Airman's Medal. It is to be worn before the Purple Heart. When a second (or more) award is given for the Silver Star, an oak leaf cluster is added to the ribbon. The "V" device (for valor) is worn on the center of the ribbon. Any oak leaf clusters are worn to the right or left of the "V".

References

Other websites 
 The Pyramid Of Honor; Order of Precedence of Military Awards

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United States
Military of the United States
1944 establishments in the United States
Neovenator is a dinosaur related to the clade which contains Allosaurus as its key member. Since the discovery of Neovenator on the Isle of Wight, UK, it has become one of the best-known large carnivorous dinosaurs in Europe.  

Neovenator was about 7.5 meters (24.5 feet) in length, and was of a slim build, weighting 10002000 kg. Some fossils suggest a length of about 10 meters (33 feet), but these fossils are very fragmentary. It lived during the early Cretaceous), about 125 million years ago.

Fossil remains of Neovenator have been found on the Isle of Wight (southern England), and were first discovered in the 20th century. Neovenator existed alongside Baryonyx, Polacanthus and Iguanadon in the early Cretaceous. It was one of the top predators of its day.

The holotype of Neovenator salerii had many pathologies. They were "midcaudal vertebrae fusions, healed fractures of mid-caudal vertebra transverse processes; osteophytes affecting pedal phalanges, healed gastralia rib fractures, some forming false joints... [and] scapula fracture". This means the individual survived and healed after a number of bone fractures.

References 

Carnosaurs
Dinosaurs of Europe
"We All Sleep Alone" is a hit song from Cher's 1987 album Cher. The song was released in late January 1988.

There are several versions of the song.

Pop songs
1988 songs
Richmond is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island. It is in the southwestern region. At the 2010 census, 7,708 people lived in Richmond. In 2015, 7,635 people lived in the town. There are several villages in the town.

Towns in Rhode Island
Dušan Pašek (7 September 1960 – 15 March 1998) was a Czechoslovakian professional ice hockey centre. Pašek played one season in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Minnesota North Stars. Pašek was drafted with the 81st overall pick by the Minnesota North Stars in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft.

He also played for Czechoslovakia at the 1984 Winter Olympics where they won a silver medal. When he retired, he became the president of the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation.

On 15 March 1998, Pašek committed suicide by gunshot in his office at Slovan Bratislava in the wake of Slovakia's disappointing performance at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. He left six suicide notes for his wife, his three children, the Slovak Ice Hockey Federation and Slovan Bratislava officials. He said that he was sorry for killing himself and asked that others try to understand his decision.

References

Other websites

1960 births
1998 deaths
Czechoslovak ice hockey players
Minnesota North Stars players
Olympic silver medalists
People from Bratislava
Slovak ice hockey players
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides by firearm
Ice hockey centres
The Purple Heart is a United States military decoration. It is awarded in the name of the President to those wounded or killed, while serving, on or after April 5, 1917, with the U.S. military. It is the successor to the Badge of Military Merit, which took the form of a heart made of purple cloth. The Purple Heart is the oldest military award still given to U.S. military members. The National Purple Heart Hall of Honor is located in New Windsor, New York.

History 
The original Purple Heart, called the "Badge of Military Merit", was established by George Washington in 1782. The Badge of Military Merit was only awarded to three Revolutionary War soldiers. If any more had been awarded, any records of being given that award have been lost. The badge was never abolished, it was just forgotten about until after World War I. 

In 1932 General Douglas MacArthur urged the revival of the Purple Heart medal and he was awarded the first one. The War Department authorized the medal under General Order Number 3. The award was "to be awarded to persons who, while serving in the Army of the United States perform any singular meritorious act of extraordinary fidelity or essential service." 
   
With the establishment of the Legion of Merit award, the Purple Heart was no longer awarded for meritorious service. By Executive Order 9277, dated December 3, 1942, the award was to only be given for wounds received. Additional Executive orders added circumstances where the award can be given. In 1962 it was ordered the medal could be given posthumously (after the person died). A 1984 change allowed the award to be given for wounds recieved as a result of terrorist attacks or while serving as part of a peacekeeping force. In 1986 public Law 99-145 authorized the award for wounds received as a result of friendly fire. 

Because the medal was given out during many conflicts, the exact number of Purple Hearts awarded is not known.

Order of Precedence 

The Purple Heart medal is worn on the uniform after the Bronze Star Medal. It is to be worn before the Defense Meritorious Service Medal. In the Army and Air Force when a second or more Purple Heart is awarded, oak leaf clusters are used. The Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard use 5/16 inch stars to show multiple awards.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Military Order of the Purple Heart
 The Purple Heart, US Department of Veterans Affairs
 The Pyramid Of Honor; Order of Precedence of Military Awards

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United States
Military of the United States
1917 establishments in the United States
Meir Har-Zion (25 February 1934 – 14 March 2014) was an Israeli military commando. He was a key member of Unit 101. Chief of Staff Moshe Dayan described him as "the finest of our commando soldiers, the best soldier ever to emerge in the IDF." Meanwhile, Ariel Sharon described him as "the elite of the elite." He was born in Herzliya, British Mandate of Palestine.

Har-Zion died from natural causes on 14 March 2014. He was 80 years old.

References

Other websites

 Meir Har-Zion at the UCC Palestine Solidarity Campaign

1934 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
Israeli Jews
Israeli military people
Jewish military people
(24 October 1931 – 14 March 2014) was a Japanese actor. He had roles in stage plays, movies and television shows from the 1950s to the 2010s.  Ningen gyorai kaiten (1955), Senun Ajia no joo (1957), Evil Brain from Outer Space (1964), Attack from Space (1964), Invaders from Space (1964), and Saimin (1999). He was born in Tokyo.

Utsui died from natural causes on 14 March 2014 in his hometown of Tokyo. He was 82 years old.

References

Other websites
 

1931 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Tokyo
Deaths from natural causes
Japanese movie actors
Japanese stage actors
Japanese television actors
Roman Yurievich Lyashenko (May 1, 1979 – July 7, 2003) was a Russian professional ice hockey centre. Lyashenko played two seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Dallas Stars and New York Rangers.

Before he played in the NHL, he played 3 seasons in the RSL with Yaroslavl Torpedo. He was drafted with the 52nd overall pick by the Dallas Stars in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft. He has also played 15 games in the IHL with the Michigan K-Wings and Utah Grizzlies, as well as playing 2 seasons in the AHL with the Utah Grizzlies and Hartford Wolf Pack.

On July 7, 2003, Lyashenko committed suicide while on vacation in Antalya, Turkey with his mother and sister. Turkish police said that Lyashenko left a suicide note and tried to cut his wrists and arms before he hung himself. Glen Sather, general manager of the New York Rangers said "Roman was a quality individual who had a positive impact on everyone he touched, both on and off the ice." Dallas Stars general manager Doug Armstrong also said: "Roman was a quality young man who we were privileged to have in our organization for three years." Lyashenko was buried in Yaroslavl on July 12, 2003.

References

Other websites

1979 births
2003 deaths
American Hockey League players
Dallas Stars players
New York Rangers players
Russian ice hockey players
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides by hanging
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Ice hockey centres
Glenn Edward McDuffie (May 31, 1927 – March 9, 2014) was an American retired World War II soldier. He was known for being the subject of Alfred Eisenstaedt's photograph V-J Day in Times Square. He was kissing nurse Edith Shain because World War II ended. 

McDuffie was born in Kannapolis, North Carolina. He died on March 9, 2014 in Dallas, Texas from a heart attack, aged 86.

References

1927 births
2014 deaths
American people of World War II
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Deaths from myocardial infarction
People from Kannapolis, North Carolina
Sailors
Terry Moore (born Helen Luella Koford; January 7, 1929) is an American movie, television, and stage actress. She is known for her roles in Mighty Joe Young and in Come Back Little Sheba. She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1952.

Moore was born on January 7, 1929 in Glendale, California.

Other websites

 
 

1929 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Glendale, California
Teddy Ruxpin is a teddy bear who talks. He moves his mouth and eyes when 'reading' stories. The toys were first sold in 1985 and produced until 2010. The most recent version came out in 2017 by Wicked Cool toys.

1985
Fictional characters
Toys
"Daughter" is an alternative rock single by the American rock group Pearl Jam. It was released internationally in 1993. It was released in the United States on June 27, 1995.

The song was a moderate hit in Canada and United Kingdom.

1993 songs
Rock songs
Marc Potvin (January 29, 1967 – January 13, 2006) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Potvin played six years in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Detroit Red Wings, Los Angeles Kings, Hartford Whalers and Boston Bruins. He was the second cousin of Hall of Famer Denis Potvin and cousin of Jean Potvin.

Before he played in the NHL, he played 4 years of college hockey at Bowling Green State University. He was drafted with the 169th overall pick by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft. Potvin also played in the AHL with the Adirondack Red Wings, Providence Bruins and Portland Pirates, as well as one season in the IHL with the Chicago Wolves. When he retired, he became the assistant coach of the Adirondack Red Wings. After that, became the head coach of the Mississippi Sea Wolves in the ECHL for a year. He went on to coach the Springfield Falcons of the AHL for 2 seasons, in the UHL with the Adirondack IceHawks for 2 seasons and 1 season when it was renamed the Adirondack Frostbite. 

On January 13, 2006, Potvin was found dead in his Kalamazoo, Michigan hotel room. He was found hours before the Frostbite were set to play the Kalamazoo Wings. On February 10, police ruled that his death was a suicide. Police said that he hung himself with a belt from the shower rod in his hotel bathroom.

References

Other websites

1967 births
2006 deaths
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Detroit Red Wings players
Hartford Whalers players
Los Angeles Kings players
People from Ottawa
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides by hanging in the United States
Kannapolis, North Carolina is a city in Cabarrus and Rowan counties in North Carolina. It is near Charlotte. In 2010, 42,625 people lived there.

Cities in North Carolina
"Deeper and Deeper" is a dance-pop single by Madonna. The song was released in December 1992. The song is about homosexual issues. It was 1970s inspired, and has disco-like themes.

The album version is about five minutes and thirty-three seconds long. The longest version is nine minutes long.

1992 songs
Pop songs
Madonna songs
Thomas Garrett Cavanagh (March 24, 1982 – January 6, 2011) was an American professional ice hockey center. Potvin played 18 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the San Jose Sharks.

Before he played in the NHL, he played 4 years of college hockey at Harvard University. During his time there, he was named the ECAC Hockey Best Defensive Forward in the 2004–05 season. He was drafted with the 182nd overall pick by the San Jose Sharks in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.

During his time with the San Jose Sharks, he set a franchise record for the quickest point scored by a rookie when he assisted on a Joe Thornton goal that came 36 seconds into Cavanagh's first game in the NHL. He was also the Worcester Sharks' all-time scoring leader with 138 points in 202 games.

On January 6, 2011, Cavanagh was found dead in the parking garage of Providence Place Mall. He locked his car and jumped from an upper level to his death. The police said that his death was a suicide. He had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and was put into institutions during the last months of his life.

References

Other websites

1982 births
2011 deaths
American Hockey League players
American ice hockey players
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This is about the American figure skater. For other people called Tipton, see Tipton (disambiguation).

Lio Tipton (born November 9, 1988) is an American figure skater, actress, and fashion model. They became famous after coming third in Cycle 11 of America's Next Top Model. They have also appeared in the movies The Green Hornet (2011), Crazy, Stupid, Love (2011), Damsels in Distress (2011), and Warm Bodies (2013).

Tipton was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

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1988 births
Actors from Sacramento County, California
Actors from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Models from Minnesota
American movie actors
American television actors
American television personalities
Figure skaters from California
Participants in American reality television series
Living people
Carlos Moreno (29 August 1938 – 9 March 2014) was an Argentine actor and director. He worked most on movies and television shows. He was born in La Plata, Buenos Aires Province.

Moreno had a heart attack on 6 September 2013 and survived. On 9 March 2014, he had another heart attack, and died from it, in Buenos Aires. He was 75 years old.

References

Other websites
 

1938 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Argentine movie actors
Argentine movie directors
People from Buenos Aires
Argentine television actors
Argentine stage actors
Thomas Boone Pickens (May 22, 1928 – September 11, 2019), known as T. Boone Pickens, was an American businessman and financier. Pickens was the chairman of BP Capital Management. At the time of his death, Pickens had a net worth of $500 million. He was born in Holdenville, Oklahoma.

Pickens died on September 11, 2019 in Dallas, Texas from stroke-related problems at the age of 91.

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1928 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American philanthropists
American environmentalists
Chief executives
Businesspeople from Texas
Businesspeople from Oklahoma
Robert Maynard Pirsig (September 6, 1928 – April 24, 2017) was an American writer and philosopher. He is known for writing many philosophy books. They include: Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values (1974) and Lila: An Inquiry into Morals (1991).

Pirsig was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He died on April 24, 2017 at his home in South Berwick, Maine from a long-illness, aged 88.

References

Other websites

 Timeline of Pirsig's life
 Pirsig bio from the American Society of Authors and Writers

1928 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Maine
People with schizophrenia
American philosophers
Writers from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Chaohusaurus is an extinct genus of basal  ichthyopterygian, or ichthyosaur, from the Lower Triassic of Chaohu and Yuanan, China. 

It was closer in time and form to Cymbospondylus and Mixosaurus than to more advanced genera like Ichthyosaurus. It did not have the dolphin-like form of later ichthyosaurs, but it was fully aquatic. The tail fin is wide-based and short. The neck is rather long, whereas later ichthyosaurs have no neck. There is no dorsal fin.

It was one of the smallest ichthyosaurs, about 70 to 180 cm long. Its weight was about 10 kg.

Reproduction
A recent study of Chaohusaurus shows an early example of live birth. A remarkable feature was a baby close to emerging head-first. The authors comment:
"Its headfirst birth posture... strongly indicates a terrestrial origin of viviparity, in contrast to the traditional view. The tail-first birth posture in derived ichthyopterygians, convergent with the conditions in whales and sea cows, therefore is a secondary feature". They comment "obligate marine amniotes appear to have evolved almost exclusively from viviparous land ancestors". 

In other words, ichthyosaurs gave live birth when they were still land dwellers. Then, later, they adapted to an aquatic life.

References

Ichthyosaurs
In mathematics, algebraic varieties (also called varieties) are one of the central objects of study in algebraic geometry. The first definitions of algebraic variety defined it as the set of solutions of a system of polynomial equations, over the real or complex numbers. Modern definitions of an algebraic variety generalize this notion while they try to preserve the geometric intuition behind the original definition.

Conventions regarding the definition of an algebraic variety differ: Some authors require that an "algebraic variety" is, by definition, irreducible (which means that it is not the union of two smaller sets that are closed in the Zariski topology), while others do not. When the former convention is used, non-irreducible algebraic varieties are called algebraic sets.

The notion of variety is similar to that of manifold. One difference between a variety and a manifold is that a variety may have singular points, while a manifold will not. 
Proven around the year 1800, the fundamental theorem of algebra establishes a link between algebra and geometry by showing that a monic polynomial in one variable with complex coefficients (an algebraic object) is determined by the set of its roots (a geometric object). Generalizing this result, Hilbert's Nullstellensatz provides a fundamental correspondence between ideals of polynomial rings and algebraic sets. Using the Nullstellensatz and related results, mathematicians have established a strong correspondence between questions on algebraic sets and questions of ring theory. This correspondence is the specifity of algebraic geometry among the other subareas of geometry.

References

Algebraic geometry
Robert Thomas Velline (April 30, 1943 – October 24, 2016), known as Bobby Vee, was an American pop singer who was a teen idol in the early 1960s. He was born in Fargo, North Dakota. He is better known by his singing name Bobby Vee. He was a hit during the 1950s and 1960s. He wrote many songs. These included "Take Good Care of My Baby" and "Devil or Angel".

Bobby Vee said in 2012 that he has Alzheimer's disease, an illness in the brain that affects older people. On October 24, 2016, Vee died from complications of early onset Alzheimer's disease in Rogers, Minnesota, aged 73.

References 

1943 births
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American pop musicians
Singers from North Dakota
2016 deaths
People from Fargo, North Dakota
Wilbert Homer Gardiner (March 25, 1913 – August 28, 2001) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Gardiner played 144 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks, Boston Bruins, and New York Rangers.

Before he played in the NHL, he played with the Philadelphia Arrows of the CAHL and the Crescent-Hamilton A.C. of the Eastern Hockey League. He also played with the Philadelphia Ramblers of the CAHL/IAHL, the New Haven Eagles of the IAHL, and the Washington Lions of the AHL.

When Dave Kerr got injured in Game 1 of the 1939 Stanley Cup Finals, the Bruins called up Gardiner from Philadelphia to replace him. Gardiner played in the final six games of the finals.

Gardiner retired from professional ice hockey in 1944. He died on August 28, 2001 in Los Angeles, California.

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1913 births
2001 deaths
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Montreal Canadiens players
New York Rangers players
People from Saskatoon
Similarity is an idea in geometry. It means that two polygons, line segments, or other figures can become the same via resizing. Similar objects do not need to have the same size. Two shapes are similar if their angles have the same measure and their sides are proportional. Two circles, squares, or line segments are always similar. If figure  is similar to figure , then we write .

When it comes to similarity, triangles are special. This is because triangles can be similar if only their angles are equal, or only their sides are proportional. All other polygons must meet both of the conditions.

Similarity is very similar to congruence. Congruent shapes have the same sides and angles. Because of that, two shapes are congruent to each other if one can become another through rotating, reflecting or moving only. In fact, all shapes that are congruent to each other are also similar, but not vice versa.

Related pages 

 Equality

References 

Geometry
Idina Kim Menzel (born Idina Kim Mentzel; May 30, 1971), is an American actress, songwriter, and singer.

Early life 
Menzel was born Idina Kim Mentzel in Long Island, New York. She changed her name to make it simpler. Her parents divorced when she was young. As a kid her favorite songs were Tomorrow and The Way We Were.

Menzel went to New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. She was a wedding singer until 1995.

Career 
In 1996, Menzel played Maureen Johnson in the Broadway show Rent. She played that role through 1997. She was nominated for a Tony Award for the show.

In 1998, Menzel released her album, Still I Can't Be Still. She did a month-long tour to promote it. Eighteen thousand copies were sold. She also played Circe in an episode of Hercules: The Animated Series.

In 2000, Menzel played Kate in the off-Broadway show The Wild Party. She was nominated for a Drama Desk Award and a Drama League Award. In 2001, she played Dorothy in Summer of '42 off-Broadway and Sheila in Hair at New York City Center Encores!

Menzel is known for her role as Elsa the Snow Queen in the 2013 movie Frozen. She is also known for her role as Elphaba in the original Broadway production of Wicked, for which she won a Tony Award in 2004. Other notable roles include Maureen Johnson in the original Broadway production of Rent and in the movie based on the play, Shelby Cororan in Glee, and Nancy Tremaine in Disney's Enchanted.

Menzel appeared in the Broadway show If/Then. For her role in that show, she was nominated for a Tony Award. 

Menzel was born in Queens, New York.

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Tony Award winning actors
1971 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
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Singers from New York City
Nicholas Scott "Nick" Lachey ( ; born November 9, 1973) is an American singer-songwriter, actor, producer, and television personality. He was best known as the lead singer of the multi-platinum selling boy band 98 Degrees.

Lachey was born in Harlan, Kentucky and was raised in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was married to singer Jessica Simpson from 2002 to 2006. He married model Vanessa Minnillo in 2011. Their son, Camden John Lachey, was born on September 12, 2012.

Lachey and his wife are hosts of the 2020 Netflix reality dating series, Love Is Blind.

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1973 births
Actors from Cincinnati, Ohio
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David Brenner (February 4, 1936 – March 15, 2014) was an American comedian, actor, and author. He was known for appearing on The Tonight Show. He is also known for his leading roles in Snip and in Worth Winning.

Brenner died on March 15, 2014 in New York City, New York from pancreatic cancer, aged 78.

References

1936 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Cancer deaths in the United States
Comedians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Elias James "E.J." Corey (born July 12, 1928) is an American chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his theory of organic synthesis. 

Corey was born in Mathuen, Massachusetts. His parents were Lebanese immigrants. He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

References

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1928 births
Living people
American chemists
Scientists from Massachusetts
John Edward "Jack" Gelineau (November 11, 1924 – November 12, 1998) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Gelineau played 147 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Boston Bruins and Chicago Black Hawks.

Before he played in the NHL, Gelineau played college hockey for 4 years at McGill University. He has also played for the Quebec Aces of the QSHL and QHL. He won the Calder Memorial Trophy in 1950.

He retired from professional ice hockey in 1954. He died from cancer on November 12, 1998 in Montreal, Quebec.

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1924 births
1998 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Calder Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Deaths from cancer
Ice hockey people from Ontario
People from Toronto
Hector Salisbury Highton (December 10, 1923 – September 28, 1985) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Highton played 24 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Black Hawks.

Highton also played for the Providence Reds and St. Louis Flyers of the AHL as well as the Los Angeles Monarchs, Victoria Cougars, Vancouver Canucks, and Portland Eagles of the PCHL.

He retired from professional ice hockey in 1951. He died on September 28, 1985 in Los Angeles, California. He is buried at Forest Lawn – Hollywood Hills Cemetery in the Hollywood Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles.

References

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1923 births
1985 deaths
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Alberta