cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hurricane Frances was the sixth tropical storm, fourth hurricane, and third major hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. Frances was one of the four hurricanes to have a major impact of the U.S. state of Florida in 2004. Frances made landfall near the same location Hurricane Jeanne would make landfall in about two weeks later. Frances caused about 101 tornadoes from Florida to Virginia. Frances left 49 deaths and $12 billion in damage.

Retirement

Because of the damage it caused in the United States, the name Frances was retired in the spring of 2005 by the World Meteorological Organization, and will never again be used for an Atlantic hurricane. In 2010 the name Fiona is on the list instead.

2004 Atlantic hurricane season
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
2004 in Florida
Marek Heinz (born 4 August 1977) is a Czech football player. He plays for Kapfenberger SV.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||Sigma Olomouc||Gambrinus liga||4||0
|-
|1996/97||Atlantic Lázně Bohdaneč||||8||0
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Sigma Olomouc||rowspan="3"|Gambrinus liga||23||4
|-
|1998/99||28||9
|-
|1999/00||15||4

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|Hamburger SV||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||26||4
|-
|2001/02||15||1
|-
|2002/03||11||0
|-
|2002/03||Arminia Bielefeld||Bundesliga||14||0

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Baník Ostrava||rowspan="2"|Gambrinus liga||30||19
|-
|2004/05||2||0

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Borussia Mönchengladbach||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||20||1
|-
|2005/06||3||0

|-
|2005/06||Galatasaray||Süper Lig||18||3

|-
|2006/07||Saint-Étienne||Ligue 1||28||4
|-
|2007/08||Nantes Atlantique||Ligue 2||16||1

|-
|2008/09||Brno||Gambrinus liga||21||2

|-
|2009/10||Kapfenberger SV||Bundesliga||||
131||41
89||6
18||3
44||5
0||0
282||55
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2000||1||0
|-
|2001||1||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||2||1
|-
|2004||14||2
|-
|2005||7||2
|-
|2006||5||0
|-
!Total||30||5
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Czech footballers
The House of Bonaparte is an imperial and royal European dynasty founded by Napoleon I of France in 1804, a Corsican military leader who rose to power and transformed the French Republic into the French Empire. The dynasty ruled from 1804 to 1815 and again from 1852 to 1870. Current head Jean-Christophe Napoléon is ironically from a Bourbon mother.

Napoleon I of France 

Napoleon Bonaparte is the most significant person associated with the Bonaparte family because he created the First French Empire that conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. He was elected as first consul of France on November 10, 1799 with the help of his brother, Lucien Bonaparte, speaker of the Council of Five Hundred. He later crowned himself Emperor of the French in December 2, 1804 and King of Italy in May 26 1805. He then made his elder brother Joseph (1768–1844) king of Naples (1806–1808) and then of Spain (1808–1813), his third brother Louis, king of Holland (1806–1810), and his youngest brother Jerome Bonaparte, king of Westphalia(1807-1813). 

Napoleon's son Napoleon François Charles Joseph (1811–1832) was created king of Rome (1811–1814) and was later styled Napoleon II by loyalists of the dynasty, though he only ruled for two weeks after his father's abdication. Charles Louis Napoléon (1808–1873), son of Louis Napoléon, was president of France in 1848 and emperor in 1852 until 1870, reigning as Napoléon III. A political movement for Corsican independence surfaced in the 1990s which included a Bonapartist restoration in its programme.

Crowns held by the family

Emperors of the French 

 Napoleon I (1804–1814, 1815), also King of Italy (1805–1814)
 Napoleon II (1815), styled King of Rome from birth, but never reigned
 Napoleon III (1852–1870), nephew of Napoleon I and son of Louis I of Holland

Kings of Holland 
 Louis I (1806–1810)
 Louis II (1810), also Grand Duke of Berg (1809–1813)

Kings of Naples 
 Joseph I (1806–1808)
 Joachim I (1808–1815), also Grand Duke of Berg (1806–1808)

King of Westphalia 
 Jérôme I (1807–1813)

King of Spain 
 Joseph I (1808–1813)

Grand Duchess of Tuscany 
 Elisa Bonaparte (1809–1814)

House of Bonaparte
Bonaparte, House of
1804 establishments in Europe
1815 disestablishments
1852 establishments
1870 disestablishments
1850s establishments in Europe
1870s disestablishments in Europe
1810s disestablishments in Europe
Li Lianjie (born April 26, 1963), better known by his stage name Jet Li, is a Chinese martial artist, actor, wushu champion, and movie star. He currently lives in Singapore and became a citizen there.

Movies

Other websites 

1963 births
Living people
Chinese movie actors
Chinese television actors
Chinese voice actors
People who lost Chinese citizenship
I'm Breathless - Music from and Inspired by the movie Dick Tracy is the second soundtrack album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, released on May 22, 1990, by Sire Records.

Track listing

1990 albums
Madonna albums
Pop albums
Jazz albums
Ricardo Luiz Zonta (born March 23, 1976 in Curitiba) is a Brazilian racecar driver.

1976 births
Living people
Brazilian sportspeople
Formula One drivers
People from Curitiba
Jenson Alexander Lyons Button, MBE (born 19 January 1980 in Frome, Somerset) is a British Formula One driver currently signed to McLaren Mercedes. Button won the Formula One World Drivers' Champion in 2009. His father John Button (1943-2014) was a racing driver.

Formula One
In 2000, Button joined the BMW WilliamsF1 Team at the age of 20, with Ralf Schumacher. He became the youngest driver to score a point at the Brazilian Grand Prix. He scored points six times during 2000, his highest place finish being in Germany where he finished fourth. His highest place on the grid for the start of the race was 3rd position in Belgium. He scored 12 points that year, and finished 8th in the championship. 

In 2001, he changed teams to the Benetton team, and raced alongside Giancarlo Fisichella. He did not have much success. His best finish was 5th place at Hockenheim. Some people thought that Button would move teams because of his bad results, but stayed at the team for 2002, which was now called Renault. His results were much better than in 2001, scoring in the points many times and doing better than his teammate Jarno Trulli. He almost scored a podium result in Barcelona, but could not finish the race. Even though Button was doing well, Briatore signed Fernando Alonso for 2003, and Button had to find a new team. In July 2002, he signed for the BAR team, and would race with Jacques Villeneuve, who won the championship in 1997. Button finished the season in seventh with fourteen points, just ahead of Trulli.

Racing record

Career summary

 Season in progress.

Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

 Season in progress.
 Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance was completed.

References

Other websites 

 Official website

1980 births
Living people
English racecar drivers
Formula One current
Formula One drivers
People from Somerset
Bruce Leslie McLaren (30 August 1937 – 2 June 1970) was a race-car designer, driver, engineer and inventor. he was born on 30 August 1937 Auckland, New Zealand. Bruce McLaren was the founder of the company McLaren. As a child Bruce McLaren was interested in vehicles.  While growing up he spent all of his spare time in his parents workshop, around all the vehicles. Over time Bruce McLaren developed his interest on vehicles. Bruces parents Les McLaren and Ruth Mclaren owned a service station in Remura Rd, Remura. Les McLaren had been interested in motorcycles and had, had  an injury before Bruce was born, which put an end to his motorcycling hobby.

Bruce McLarens races 
in 1952 young bruce was only 14 and had entered his first race in an Austin 7 Ulster. It was a hillclimb. Two years later he took part in a proper race in a Ford 10.

Death 
Bruce McLaren died while testing out one of his cars. The car had no wing causing the car to flip and crash. The engine of the car rammed into Bruce McLaren. The car then went up in flames. All this happened at the Goodwood Circuit.

1937 births
1970 deaths
Deaths in sport
Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Auckland
Sir Stirling Craufurd Moss OBE (17 September 1929 – 12 April 2020) was an English racing driver.  His success in a variety of categories placed him among the world's elite – he was often called "the greatest driver never to win the World Championship". In 1957 he won the Pescara Grand Prix. Moss was knighted in 1999. He was born in London.

In December 2016, Moss was hospitalized in Singapore with a serious chest infection. As a result, Moss announced his retirement from public life in January 2018.

Moss died on 12 April 2020 at his home in Mayfair, London after a long-illness at the age of 90.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Disease-related deaths in London
Sportspeople from London
English racecar drivers
Formula One drivers
Christijan Albers () (born April 16, 1979 in Eindhoven) is a Dutch racing driver. After success in the DTM he drove in Formula One from  until the 2007 British Grand Prix, shortly after which he was dropped by his Spyker F1 team. In 2008, he returned to the DTM-series as a driver for the Audi Futurecom TME-team.

References 

1979 births
Living people
Formula One drivers
People from Eindhoven
Sportspeople from North Brabant
Michele Alboreto (23 December 1956 – 25 April 2001 ) was an Italian racing driver. He was born in Milan. He is famous for finishing runner up to Alain Prost in the 1985 Formula One World Championship, as well as winning the 1997 24 Hours of Le Mans and 2001 12 Hours of Sebring sports car races. Alboreto competed in Formula One from  until , racing for a number of teams, most notably the Ferrari factory team.

He was killed in an accident on a racetrack in Klettwitz, Brandenburg, Germany.

1956 births
2001 deaths

Deaths in sport
Formula One drivers
Italian racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Milan
Satoru Nakajima (Japanese name: 中嶋 悟 ; born February 23, 1953) is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a racecar driver.

He is the father of two sons who are also racecar drivers.  Kazuki Nakajima and Daisuke Nakajima are each Formula One competitors.

References

1953 births
Living people
Japanese racecar drivers
Formula One drivers
People from Aichi Prefecture
James Blunt (born James Hillier Blount, 22 February 1974) is an English singer-songwriter whose debut album, Back to Bedlam, and single  releases, especially "You're Beautiful", brought him to fame in 2005. His repertoire is a mix of pop, rock and acoustic-tinged soft rock. Recording for Linda Perry's independent American label Custard Records, Blunt won two BRIT Awards and two Ivor Novello Awards, and was nominated for five Grammy Awards in 2006. He released his second album All The Lost Souls, in 2007. James Blunt was also in the British Army until 2002.

Discography
 Back to Bedlam (2004)
 All the Lost Souls (2007)
 Some Kind of Trouble (2010)
 Moon Landing (2013)

Awards

Grammy Awards

|-
| rowspan=5 | 2007 || James Blunt || Best New Artist || 
|-
| rowspan=3 | "You're Beautiful" || Record of the Year|| 
|-
| Song of the Year || 
|-
| Best Male Pop Vocal Performance || 
|-
| Back to Bedlam || Best Pop Vocal Album ||

2005
 MTV Europe Music Awards – Best New Act
 Q Awards – Best New Act
 Digital Music Awards – Best Pop Act

2006
 NRJ Music Awards (France) – Best International Newcomer
 BRIT Awards – Best pop act and Best Male Vocalist
 ECHO Awards (Germany) – Best International Newcomer
 NME Awards – Worst Album
 MTV Australia Video Music Awards – Song of the Year for You're Beautiful
 Ivor Novello Awards – Most Performed Work and International Hit of the Year
 MTV Video Music Awards – Best Male Video and Best Cinematography
 World Music Awards – Best New Artist in the World and Biggest Selling British Artist in the World
 Teen Choice Awards (United States) – Choice Music Male Artist

2008
 ECHO Awards (Germany) – Best International Male Artist

2010
 Virgin Media Music Awards – The Hottest Male

2011
 Regenbogen Awards (Germany) – Best International Male Artist

References

Other websites

Official website

1974 births
Living people
British military people
English rock musicians
English singer-songwriters
People from Wiltshire
Atlantic Records artists
Gerhard Berger, (born August 27, 1959 in Wörgl) is an Austrian former Formula One racing driver, who used to own 50% of the Scuderia Toro Rosso Formula One team until he sold his share back to energy drink owner Dietrich Mateschitz.

1959 births
Living people
Austrian sportspeople
Formula One drivers
People from Tyrol (state)
Naturalism is "the idea or belief that nothing exists beyond the natural world". It is the belief that "the natural world is the whole of reality". The term was first used this way in English in 1750.

It is a kind of philosophy called metaphysical, because it covers everything: "nature is all there is, and all basic truths are truths of nature". 

All the things and powers which are commonly called supernatural, such as God, souls or witchcraft do not exist, according to this position.

Method and science 
Methodological or scientific naturalism is concerned with practical methods for acquiring knowledge. 

Many scientists use the scientific method for their research. Hypotheses are be explained and tested only by reference to natural causes and events.

Explanations for observations are only useful when they are based on hypotheses of natural causes. An explanation that relies on a natural mechanism that works according to certain rules is usable. Explanations that need miracles to work are not.

Methodological naturalism is the principle underlying all of modern science. Some philosophers extend this idea, so that it applies to all of philosophy as well. Science and philosophy, according to this view, are said to form a continuum. W.V. Quine, George Santayana, and other philosophers have advocated this view.

A number of other philosophical ideas are similar to naturalism:
Positivism
Materialism
Physicalism
Empiricism

Other pages
Naturalism (literature)

Other websites
 Naturalism David Papineau, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
 Naturalism Jon Jacobs, The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
 Naturalism article in the Catholic Encyclopedia

References

Epistemology
Philosophy of science
Philosophical movements and positions
Heinz Sielmann (June 2 1917 in Rheydt, Germany – October 6 2006 in Munich) was a world famous wildlife photographer, zoologist and documentary filmmaker.

Heinz Sielmann was degree in Biology and specialized in Zoology, in 1940, at the Imperial Posen University (Poland).

His work includes award-winning movies like Lords of the Forest (better known in the USA under its title Masters of the Congo Jungle (1959), the English version narrated by Orson Welles, Galapagos - Dream Island in the Pacific (1962), Vanishing Wilderness, and The Mystery of Animal Behavior. 

His series Expeditionen ins Tierreich (Expeditions into the Animal Kingdom) broadcast on national German Television from 1965 to 1991, made him well known in Germany.

Other websites
International Herald Tribune Europe - German naturalist and documentary filmmaker Heinz Sielmann dies

1917 births
2006 deaths
German photographers
People from Mönchengladbach
Green Screen is an international wildlife movie festival. Since 2007 it takes place every year in Eckernförde, Germany. The festival shows full-length and short movies about animals. It is the only festival of its kind in Germany.

The awarded trophy is made of natural sand.

The festival also shows classic nature documentaries.

Since 2008 a special prize for filmmakers is named after the famous filmmaker Heinz Sielmann.

References

Other websites

 Homepage

Movie festivals
Festivals in Europe
2007 establishments in Germany
Schleswig-Holstein
Lars Petrus (born in 1960) is a speedcuber from Sweden. He invented a method of solving the Rubik's Cube very quickly. He became the Swedish national champion of speedcubing in 1982. He finished fourth overall at the first official Rubik's Cube World Championships held in Budapest. He later published his own special method, known as the Petrus method, on the internet.

Other websites
Official website

1960 births
Living people
Swedish people

sv:Rubiks kub#Petrus-metoden
Mount Tambora (8°14’41”S, 117°59’35”E) is an active volcano in Indonesia. It is on top of a subduction zone. Tambora was taller before its explosive volcanic eruption in 1815. This killed tens of thousands of people around the world. Later eruptions have been smaller.

History 
When the volcano erupted in 1815, it climaxed on 10 April. It was the most destructive volcanic eruption in modern history. It has been estimated that it was four times larger than the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, between Java and Sumatra, in terms of volume of magma ejected. Before the explosion, Tambora was 4,300 m (14,100 ft) high, now it is only 2,722 m (8,930 ft) high. Its massive crater is therefore a caldera.

The eruption destroyed a small Asian culture, known to archaeologists as the Tamboran kingdom. Most deaths from the eruption were from starvation and disease, as the fallout ruined farming in the local region. The death toll was at least 71,000 people, of whom 11,000–12,000 were killed directly by the eruption. The often-cited figure of 92,000 people killed is believed to be overestimated.

It launched 160 cubic kilometers    of ash into the upper atmosphere. This caused famine around the world. Tambora's 1815 outburst was the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history. The explosion was heard on Sumatra island more than  away. Heavy volcanic ash falls were observed as far away as Borneo, Sulawesi, Java and Maluku islands.

Climate change 
The eruption caused a global climate change known as the "volcanic winter". 1816 became known as the "Year without a summer" because of the effect on North American and European weather. Crops failed and livestock died in much of the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in the worst famine of the 19th century.

References 

Volcanoes of Indonesia
Calderas
Louis of France, Dauphin of France ( 1 November 1661  14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France and of his spouse, Marie Therese of Austria. 

He was known as le Grand Dauphin because he had a son, Louis Duke of Burgundy, while still the Dauphin of France. His wife was Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. He never became king as he died before his father did. He married Marie Émilie de Joly in secret.

Issue
 Louis of France, Duke of Burgundy (16 August 1682 - 18 February 1712), Duke of Burgundy and later Dauphin of France; married second cousin Maria Adelaide of Savoy and had the future Louis XV of France;
 Philippe of France (19 December 1683 -  9 July 1746), Duke of Anjou, (later King of Spain); became King of Spain in 1700; married second cousin Maria Luisa of Savoy and had issue; married again Elisabeth Farnese and had issue such as the future Dauphine of France, Infanta Maria Theresa;
 Charles of France (31 July 1686 – 5 May 1714), Duke of Berry, Alençon and of Angoulême Count of Ponthieu; married his first cousin Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans and had issue but none survived over a year;

Thus, through Burgundy and Anjou, Louis ensured the continuation of the senior Bourbon line on the throne of France and the establishment of the cadet Spanish Bourbon dynasty respectively.

References

Further reading
Lahaye, Matthieu, Louis, Dauphin de France. Fils de roi, père de roi, jamais roi, DEA directed by Joël Cornette, University of Paris VIII, 2005.

Lahaye, Matthieu, Louis Ier d'Espagne (1661-1700) : essai sur une virtualité politique, Revue historique, Numéro 647, PUF, Paris, Novembre 2008.

1661 births
1711 deaths
House of Bourbon
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Dauphins and Dauphines of France
Tupac: Resurrection (Original Soundtrack) was released by Amaru Entertainment as the soundtrack for the 2003 documentary Tupac: Resurrection. It includes remixed versions of several previously released 2Pac recordings, including "Death Around the Corner" from Me Against the World, "Secretz of War" from Still I Rise. and "Holler if You Hear Me" from Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z.; and unreleased 2Pac verses re-constructed into new tracks such as "Ghost", "One Day at a Time", and "Runnin (Dying to Live)". The album sold more than 420,000 copies in its first week. Eminem produced major parts of this album.

Track listing

Album singles 

2003 albums
Panasonic Toyota Racing was a Formula One team owned by the Japanese car maker Toyota and based in Cologne, Germany. Toyota announced their plans to join F1 in 1999, and after a long time testing with their TF101 car, the team raced for the first time in 2002. The new team has grown from Toyota's long standing European Toyota Motorsport organisation, which has previously competed in the World Rally Championship and the 24 hours of Le Mans. Despite a point in their first ever race, Toyota F1 have not yet won a grand prix, their best finish so far being 2nd place in 2005, during which they achieved three podiums and a pole position, as well as finishing fourth in the world constructors' championship with 88 points.

Complete Formula One results

As a works (factory) team 
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

† Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance was completed

Notes 
 At the 2004 Canadian Grand Prix, both race cars were disqualified. Illegal brake cooling ducts were found on the cars in the inspection after the race.
 At the 2005 United States Grand Prix, neither race car started the race. Michelin told their teams the tires were not safe to race with.
 At the 2002 Japanese Grand Prix, Allan McNish crashed during Saturday qualifying. He did not start the race, and never raced in Formula One again.
 At the 2009 Japanese Grand Prix, Timo Glock crashed during Saturday qualifying. He did not start the race.

As an engine supplier

Other websites 

Formula One constructors
Formula One engine manufacturers
Jacques Joseph Charles Villeneuve, OQ (born April 9, 1971 in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec) is a Canadian automobile racing driver. He is the son of Formula One driver Gilles Villeneuve, and is the namesake of his uncle (also a racer).

He raced in Formula One from 1996 to 2006, driving for Williams, BAR, Renault and BMW Sauber. He won the world championship in 1997 with Williams, in only his second season, the first person to do so that quickly (except for the 1950 season, the very first season in F1).

1971 births
Living people
Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Quebec
Anthony Wayne Stewart (born May 20, 1971 in Columbus, Indiana) is an American race car driver. He drives the #14 Chevrolet SS in the NASCAR Sprint Cup series. For most of his career in NASCAR, Stewart was driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, but now owns his own team called Stewart Haas Racing. Hurt in August, he could not take a NASCAR start til the end of 2013.

Career
Tony Stewart started racing in Go-Karts. Then, in 1991, he moved into the United States Auto Club (USAC) series where he won the Rookie of the Year award. This award is given to the best first year driver in the series.

Stewart started racing in the Winston Cup series (now called the Sprint Cup series) in 1999. He drove for Joe Gibbs Racing. He finished in second place in his first race. Stewart went on to win the Sprint Cup Championship in 2002. In 2009, Stewart began racing for his own team, named Stewart Haas Racing. Stewart won the 2011 Sprint Cup Championship, beating Carl Edwards. Stewart and Edwards finished the season tied in points, but Tony had won more races during the year then Edwards, so Stewart was given the championship. In 2015, Stewart said that 2016 would be his final year racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.

References

NASCAR drivers
American racecar drivers
1971 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Indiana
IndyCar Series drivers
Wantage is a town in the Vale of the White Horse, near the Thames Valley, in the English county of Oxfordshire (earlier on it belonged to Berkshire), and about  south-southwest of Oxford. It is famous for being the birthplace of King Alfred the Great.

Local government
Wantage has a town council consisting of sixteen councillors, twelve of whom  are Liberal Democrats (2007). It is also part of the district of the Vale of White Horse.

Transport

Wantage sits at the crossing of the B4507 valley road, the A417 Reading to Cirencester road and the A338 Hungerford (and junction 14 of the M4 motorway) to Oxford road. 

Wantage is connected to Oxford, Didcot, Abingdon and Faringdon by regular bus services. The fastest public bus journey from Wantage to Oxford takes about 45 minutes, the slowest can take over 1 hour 15 minutes.

History

King Alfred the Great was born here in the 9th century. Wantage appears in the Domesday Book of 1086. Its value was £61 and it was in the king's ownership until 1190. Troops of the king were stationed in Wantage during the English Civil War.

Since 1848, Wantage has been home to the Community of Saint Mary the Virgin, one of the largest communities of Anglican nuns in the world.

Famous people

King Alfred the Great was born in Wantage in 849.
John Betjeman, Poet Laureate from 1972 to 1984, lived in Wantage and his book, 'Archie and the Strict Baptists' is based in the town. A memorial park has now been established in the town named after him, which includes extracts from his poems in a peaceful wooded area.

Twinning
Wantage is twinned with:
 Mably in France
 Seesen in Germany

The town was twinned with Seesen (Germany) in 1979 and Mably (France) in 1990.

Other websites

 Wantage Community Website
 Wantage Town Council 
 Wantage Churches Together 
 Vale and Downland Museum, Wantage 
 Royal Berkshire History: Wantage
 Wantage Silver Band
 King Alfred's School 
 CTC Wantage Section 
 Wantage Dive Club 
 Wantage Choral Society
 Wantage Town Football Club
 Wantage local bus services

Towns in Oxfordshire
A Haunting was a television program on Discovery Channel.  It was about different hauntings that have occurred in different parts of the U.S. It aired from August 6, 2002 to November 9, 2007.  There were 39 episodes.

English-language television programs
The sage (also called wise old man or "Senex") is a character who often appears in literature and mythology.  He is an old man who is very wise.  In times of trouble people go to ask the sage for advice.  The sage is a very calm, intelligent old man.  He is like a father-figure or grandfather-figure.  He gives sensible advice or judgment.

In some stories the sage is seen as"foreign" in some way, that is, he is different from the other people of that culture.  Merlin is a good example of this, as he was only half human.

The psychologist Carl Jung called him a senex.  This is Latin for old man.  Jung sees him as someone who realizes that the young person is going to be the hero of the story, and he himself is just an advisor.

Literature
Mythology
Psychology
Władysław I Herman (b. ca. 1044 - d. 4 June 1102), was a Duke of Poland from 1079 until his death.

He was the second son of Casimir I the Restorer by his wife Maria Dobroniega, daughter of Vladimir the Great, Grand Duke of Kiev.

1040s births
1102 deaths
Polish dukes
Jayceon Terrell Taylor (born November 29, 1979), better known by his stage name The Game (or simply Game), is an American rapper. He became famous in 2005 with the success of his debut album, The Documentary, and his two Grammy nominations. Since then, he is considered to be a driving force in bringing back the West Coast hip hop scene into the mainstream and competing with many of his East Coast counterparts.

Career
The Game released his first mixtape You Know What It Is Vol. 1 in 2002. Dr Dre. listened to the mixtape and signed The Game to his Aftermath Entertainment label in 2003. A song Game made with 9 other rappers called "Don't Shoot" was released on August 27 2014.

1979 births
Living people
African American musicians
Rap musicians from California
Singers from Los Angeles
People from Compton, California
Baroness Karen Christenze von Blixen-Finecke (born Dinesen; 17 April 1885 – 7 September 1962) was a Danish author who wrote works in Danish and English. She is also known under her pen names Isak Dinesen, used in English-speaking countries, Tania Blixen, used in German-speaking countries, Osceola, and Pierre Andrézel.

1885 births
1962 deaths
Danish writers
Novelists
Raúl Ramón Mondesí Avelino (born March 12, 1971, in San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic) is a former Major League Baseball player.  Now, he is the mayor of San Cristóbal Province in the Dominican Republic. He was the National League Rookie of the Year in 1994.  He won Gold Glove Awards in 1995 and 1997 as an outfielder.

Mondesí was first signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers as an amateur in 1988.  He played in the Pioneer League.  His first Major League game was on July 19, 1993.

On November 8, 1999, he was traded by the Dodgers (along with Pedro Borbón, Jr.) to the Toronto Blue Jays for Shawn Green and minor league player Jorge Nunez. Mondesí was traded by the Blue Jays to the New York Yankees on July 1, 2002 for Scott Wiggins. The Yankees traded him on July 29, 2003 to the Arizona Diamondbacks for David Dellucci, Bret Prinz and minor leaguer John Prowl.

He signed as a free agent with the Pittsburgh Pirates on February 24, 2004. He left the team for personal reasons.  The Anaheim Angels signed him on May 30, 2004. Shortly after, he tore his quadriceps and was placed on the disabled list. The Atlanta Braves signed Mondesí in 2005.

Mondesí is currently out of baseball and living in San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic.

References

1971 births
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Atlanta Braves players
Dominican Republic sportspeople
Living people
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Mayors
National League All-Stars
New York Yankees players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Toronto Blue Jays players
Freegle is an organisation in the United Kingdom that help people give away things they do not need anymore to other people for free, if someone will collect and take the item away. This means that used items are not thrown away while they are still useful to someone. This is to make sure that less garbage is thrown into landfills, so that these landfills can have more space and last longer.

In October 2009, there were more than 200 Freegle groups with more than 920,000 members in the UK.

References

Other websites 
 Freegle website

Organisations based in the United Kingdom
My Generation was the first album by the rock group The Who. It was released in December 1965 in the United Kingdom, where it got to number five in the charts. One of the songs, "My Generation", became very popular, and is now one of the most famous rock songs ever. In the US, the album was released in April 1966 as The Who Sing My Generation. It had some different songs than the UK album.

My Generation (UK)
These were the songs on the first UK album:
 "Out in the Street"
 "I Don't Mind"
 "The Good's Gone"
 "La-La-La Lies"
 "Much Too Much"
 "My Generation"
 "The Kids Are Alright"
 "Please, Please, Please"
 "It's Not True"
 "I'm a Man"
 "A Legal Matter"
 "The Ox"

The Who Sing My Generation (US)
These were the songs on the US album:
 "Out in the Street"
 "I Don't Mind"
 "The Good's Gone"
 "La-La-La Lies"
 "Much Too Much"
 "My Generation"
 "The Kids Are Alright"
 "Please, Please, Please"
 "It's Not True"
 "The Ox"
 "A Legal Matter"
 "Instant Party"

Other versions
A new remixed version of the album was released in August 2002, and in August 2008 a longer version, in mono, was released.

References

1965 albums
Debut albums
Rock albums
John Alec Entwistle (9 October 1944 – 27 June 2002) was an English musician who was best known as the bassist for the rock band The Who. His bass playing style influenced many other bass players who came after him.  Entwistle is regarded by many as the greatest bassist in the history of rock music.

Entwistle played his bass guitar as a lead instrument, employing a "full treble, full volume" sound, as well as often using pentatonic lines and a typewriter finger approach.  He recorded the first bass solo in the history of popular music on The Who's song "My Generation".  Other notable examples of Entwistle's playing are "Boris the Spider" and "The Real Me".  As he developed his sound and refined his skill, Entwistle's bass sounded like a VOX Amplifier.  At the time of his death he had a collection of over 400 instruments that reflected the different brands he used over his career: Fender, Rickenbacker, Alembic, Warwick were the brands he used most.  He owned many of the most expensive bass guitars in the history of the world.

Entwistle played bass for The Who and as a solo performer from 1964 until 2002.  His bass guitar sound was the main reason The Who gave the loudest concert on record at the time.

Entwistle died in a hotel room at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada on 27 June 2002. The Las Vegas coroner said that he died of a heart attack caused by cocaine.

In 1990, Entwistle was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Who.

Notes

1944 births
2002 deaths

Bassists
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
English rock musicians
Musicians from Middlesex
People from Chiswick
Roger Harry Daltrey CBE (born 1 March 1944) is an English musician best known as the singer of English rock band The Who. He has also had a solo career. He has released eight solo albums. He has also worked as an actor in the theatre, on television and in many movies. 

As a member of The Who, Daltrey was inducted into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland and the UK Music Hall of Fame.

References

1944 births
Living people
English rock singers
English singer-songwriters
Singers from London
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team. He also managed Japan national team.

Biography
Shimomura was born in Hiroshima on January 25, 1932. After graduating from Shudo High School, he joined his local club Toyo Industries in 1950. The club won the 2nd place at 1954 and 1957 Emperor's Cup. At the 1954 Emperor's Cup, it was first Emperor's Cup finalist as a works team. He retired in 1961.

On October 9, 1955, Shimomura debuted for Japan national team against Burma. In 1956, he was selected Japan for 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. But did not play in the match, as he was the team's reserve goalkeeper behind Yoshio Furukawa.

After retirement, Shimomura became a manager for Toyo Industries in 1964. In 1965, Toyo Industries joined new league Japan Soccer League. In 1965 season, the club won first champions in the league. He led the club through their first golden era as five-time champions of the league (1965, 1966, 1967, 1968 and 1970). He led the club to win the 1965, 1967 and 1969 Emperor's Cup. He resigned in 1970. In 1972, he signed with Towa Real Estate which was promoted to new division, Japan Soccer League Division 2 from 1972. He managed the club for three seasons until 1974. In 1979, he was named manager for the Japan national team as successor to Hiroshi Ninomiya. However, at 1980 Summer Olympics qualifying, following Japan's failure to qualify for 1980 Summer Olympics, he resigned.

In 2015, Shimomura was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame.

Statistics

|-
|1955||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}

References

Other websites

Japan Football Hall of Fame at Japan Football Association

1932 births
Living people
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Japan national football team managers
Footballers at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Boom Boom Pow is a hit song by the music group The Black Eyed Peas. It is off their album The E.N.D..

The Black Eyed Peas songs
2009 songs
Mullah Mohammed Omar (1959 - 23 April 2013) was the leader of the Taliban in Afghanistan. He was usually called Mullah Omar. Between 1996 and 2001, he was Afghanistan's de facto head of state. Three states officially recognised him under the title of 'Head of the Supreme Council'. He was born in 1959 in Kandahar Province of Afghanistan. He held the title Commander of the Faithful from the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

The United States put him on their most wanted list. They believe he sheltered Osama bin Laden, and some of his al-Quaeda group, directly before and after they committed the September 11 attacks. He was believed to be directing the Taliban in their war against Hamid Karzai's Government and foreign NATO troops in Afghanistan from Pakistan. Many people considered him to be a major terrorist.

Despite his political rank, and his high status on the FBI's wanted list, not much was publicly known about Omar. There are very few photos of him. A picture that was used by the media in 2002, shows another Taliban official, but not Omar. It is also debated how authoritative the images that exist really are.

Omar's right eye was missing as the result of a war wound. People described him as being tall. He was described as shy and untalkative with foreigners.

When he was Emir of Afghanistan, Omar stayed in Kandahar most of the time and rarely met outsiders. He sent his Foreign Minister, Wakil Ahmed Muttawakil, to represent him, on most occasions.

News media claimed that he was killed by a drone strike in 2008.

In 2012, it was revealed that an individual claiming to be Omar sent a letter to President Barack Obama in 2011, expressing slight interest in peace talks.

Death
On 29 July 2015, the Afghan government and state intelligence sources said that Omar had died in April 2013 two years previously in Karachi, Pakistan, of tuberculosis. Some Taliban sources denied that he had died; other sources considered the report to be speculative, designed to destabilise peace negotiations in Pakistan between the Afghan government and the Taliban. A Taliban spokesman said that they would issue a statement. Abdul Hassib Seddiqi, the spokesman for Afghanistan's National Directorate of Security, claimed: "We confirm officially that he is dead".

It was later learned that he died in Afghanistan, not Pakistan.

References 

  

1959 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from tuberculosis

Pashtun people
Taliban
Heads of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Cutler is a small town in northern Maine. It is near Machias Bay.

Cities in Maine
The Irish Setter is a breed of dog. Their coat of fur is moderately long, silky, and of a red or chestnut color. They are classified as hunting dogs.

Dog breeds
Alan Stanley Jones MBE (born 2 November 1946 in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian former Formula One driver. He was the first driver to win a Formula One World Championship with the Williams team, becoming the 1980 World Drivers' Champion.

1946 births
Living people
Australian racecar drivers
Formula One drivers
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Sportspeople from Melbourne
Carlos Alberto Reutemann (April 12, 1942 – July 7, 2021), nicknamed "Lole", was an Argentine former racing driver (who raced in Formula One from  through ), and later a prominent politician in his native province of Santa Fe, for the Justicialist Party.

Reutemann died on July 7, 2021 in Santa Fe from problems caused by a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 79.

References

1942 births
2021 deaths
Argentine sportspeople
Formula One drivers
People from Santa Fe, Argentina
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Calibrachoa is a genus of the Solanaceae family. Plants of this genus can be used as potted plants. The plants are a lot like Petunias. Petunias and Calibrachoa together make up the clade Petunieae.

References

Other websites 

 Mishiba et al. 2000  Annals of Botany 85: 665–673, 2000
Creative commons licence

Nightshades
Tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is the chemical or drug made in the cannabis that causes a person to feel different. It is similar to at least 113 other chemicals in cannabis, known as cannabinoids, but not all of them will make you feel different or high after using it. There are about 540 chemicals in cannabis total. THC is a very fatty chemical and doesn't interact with water very well. THC is thought to be used by the plant for protection from bugs, light, and other harm from its environment. The THC chemical structure was discovered in 1964 by Dr. Raphael Mechoulam and Dr. Y. Gaoni at the Weizmann Institute in Israel.

Use in medicine 
THC is used in medicine as a treatment for many physical and psychological problems. It can be used to help people with pain or are sick from getting chemotherapy for cancer. There are some medications which have THC and can be ordered by a doctor depending on where and what country you live in.

Pharmacological Effects 

Cannabis works by sticking to special receptors in the brain and body, which is known as the endocannabinoid system or ECS. There are 2 kinds of receptors, CB1 and CB2. Over time, a person will need more THC to feel the same effects as before. This is known as tolerance. A person may also experience withdrawal, which can be uncomfortable and is a result of stopping THC use quickly after using it for some time. People usually do not get addicted to using THC.

THC in the body 
THC is very fatty (fat soluble) and binds to fat cells in our body and causes it to leave the body slowly, even if the effects of the drug or high has already ended. The amount still in the body depends on how often THC is used. The minimum time for a person to pass a drug test would be about 1 week. It is not possible for humans or animals to realistically die from taking too much THC or marijuana and no person has ever died from it.

Legality 
Many places in the world do not see THC or cannabis as legal and can have very harsh penalties from having, producing, or using it. Some countries allow it for use only in medical treatment while others allow it for recreational use by adults, usually older than 18 or 21 years old. Children may be permitted to use it if they're very sick.

In North America, Canada and Mexico have taken action to allow marijuana use in some way. In the United States, the federal government sees marijuana as illegal and very addictive and cannot be used as a medicine. Individual states with in the U.S.A. allows people to use marijuana to help with sickness or recreationally.

Drug Testing 
Employers or people who work in a government agency, like the police or FBI, may test someone to see if they used any drugs recently. This is called a drug test. Police may do this if they think you have used marijuana before or while you are driving a car. THC lasts a long time in the body and can be found in body fluids, like urine or saliva, or hair and sweat. Since it lasts so long in the body, it can be a problem being sure if someone is high.

References 

Cannabis
Organic compounds
James Timothy "Jim" Haggarty (April 14, 1914 in Port Arthur, Ontario – March 8, 1998) was a Canadian ice hockey player who competed in the 1936 Winter Olympics.

In 1936 he was a member of the Canadian ice hockey team, which won the silver medal. He later played 5 games in the National Hockey League for the Montreal Canadiens.

Other websites

James Haggarty's profile at Hockey Reference.com
James Haggarty's profile at Hockey Reference.com
James Haggarty's profile at Sports Reference.com 

1914 births
1998 deaths
Canadian ice hockey forwards
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Montreal Canadiens players
People from Thunder Bay
A narcotic is a drug that causes a loss of feeling, or paralysis. The name narcotic was probably first used by the Greek physician Galen. Galen listed mandrake root or poppy juice among the main examples for such substances. Narcotics are like opiates such as morphine and codeine, but are not made from opium. They bind to opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Narcotics are now called opioids. 

Narcotics are highly addictive. Narcotics, whether they are prescription drugs or heroin, are some of the most addictive drugs that exist. When someone uses narcotics, they bind to opioid receptors -which triggers a flood of dopamine. That dopamine creates a reward and reinforcement response in the brain, which leads to addiction. People who use narcotics may experience euphoria or pleasant feelings. When people become addicted to narcotics, every aspect of their lives can be negatively affected. The body quickly builds a tolerance to narcotics, requiring higher doses of a substance to feel the desired effects. A narcotic tolerance leads to dependence. When someone is physically dependent upon narcotics, they will go through withdrawal when they stop using them. Opioid dependence complicates the issue of addiction even more and makes it much more difficult to stop using these drugs.

Today, the word narcotic is mainly used for illegal drugs, which do not necessarily have these properties. Marijuana and cocaine are considered to be narcotics, even they do not have the medical properties described.

References

Drugs
Boletus is a genus of mushroom. It has over 100 species. It is eaten in Europe, Asia and South America.

Fungi

pt:Boleto
DoubleTree by Hilton is an American chain of hotels owned by Hilton Hotels.

1969 establishments in the United States
Hotel chains
Companies based in Virginia
A banana peel is the outer skin of a banana. It is usually peeled out to eat the delicious insides. Some people use banana peels to make other people slip on them, which is sometimes used to make jokes.

Waste
Humor
Selsun Blue is a hair shampoo.  It is made to help with dandruff.

It was first made by Abbott Laboratories.  Then the brand was bought in Chattem in 2002.  Chattem was bought by Sanofi-Aventis in 2010. 

Selsun Blue is sold through mass merchandisers and drug and food retailers. Some of these retailers are Walmart, Walgreens, CVS, Target, and Rite Aid.

Advertising slogans
 "Never wear black without the Blue -- Selsun Blue".
 "Got a clue? Get the blue".
 "It tingles, so I know it's working".

Hair