Summerhill School is an independent British boarding school which was founded in 1921 by A.S. Neill (Alexander Sutherland Neill). He believed the school should fit the child, not than the other way around.

Summerhill is run as a democratic community. Decisions are made in school meetings, which anyone, staff or pupil, may attend, and at which everyone has an equal vote. These meetings serve as both a legislative and judicial body. Summerhill is the oldest "children's democracy" in the world. It is probably the most famous alternative or 'free' school.

Members of the community are free to do as they please, so long as their actions do not cause any harm to others, according to Neill's principle "Freedom, not Licence". This extends to the freedom for pupils to choose which lessons, if any, they attend.

The school is not large. It varies 6080 boys and girls with ages ranging from 5 to 17. The school is now owned by Zoë Readhead, the daughter of A.S. Neill.

Does it work? 
Apparently it does. The most recent OFSTED inspection of the school reported:
"Evaluation of the school:
Summerhill School provides a good quality of education. It meets all the regulatory requirements for independent schools, which is an improvement from the last inspection. All the points for development outlined in the previous report have been addressed. The school meets its aims very successfully. Strengths of the school include outstanding pupils’ spiritual, moral, social and cultural development and outstanding promotion of pupils’ welfare health and safety, including effective safeguarding procedures. Pupils’ behaviour is outstanding and they make good progress. The curriculum and teaching and assessment are good. The national minimum standards for boarding schools are met and overall effectiveness for the boarding experience is outstanding". OFSTED: Summerhill School, 2011. 

The school did have trouble with OFSTED in the past:
"In March 2000, after a damning report from an OfSTED (Office for Standards in Education) inspection in March 1999, which demanded changes to the Summerhill philosophy, the school won an historic legal battle against the DfEE (Department for Education and Employment) when it defended the rights and voices of its children at an Independent Schools Tribunal". (School website)

Fees 
Annual fees are significantly less than most independent schools:
Day pupils £3,735–£8,931
Boarders £8,568–£14,889

Books about Summerhill

Books by A.S. Neill 
A Dominie's Log. Herbert Jenkins, 1916; Hart, 1975
A Dominie in Doubt. Herbert Jenkins, 1921; Hart, 1975
A Dominie Abroad. Herbert Jenkins, 1923
The Problem Child. Herbert Jenkins, 1926; McBride, 1928
The Problem Parent. Herbert Jenkins, 1932
That Dreadful School. Herbert Jenkins, 1937
Hearts not Heads in the School. Herbert Jenkins, 1945
The Problem Family. Herbert Jenkins, 1949; Hermitage Press, 1949
The Free Child. Herbert Jenkins, 1953
Summerhill. Gollancz, 1962; Penguin, 1968; Hart 1960
Freedon not License! Hart 1966
Talking of Summerhill. Gollancz, 1967
Neill! Neill! Orange Peel! A personal view of ninety years. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973; Quartet, 1977. New York: Hart. ISBN 978-0-671-81300-0

Other authors 
Summerhill, a loving World. Photographs by Herb Snitzer, Macmillan, 1964
Neill & Summerhill, a man and his work. A pictorial study by John Walmsley, Penguin Education, 1969
Inside Summerhill. Photographs by Joshua Popenoe, Hart, 1969
Summerhill: For and Against: assessments of A.S. Neill. Harold Hart (ed). Hart, 1970; Angus & Robertson, 1973 (includes essays by Bruno Bettleheim, John Holt, Sylvia Ashton- Warner, Paul Goodman, Fred Hechinger, Erich Fromm).
Summerhill Diary. Bjarne Segefjord, Gollancz, 1971
Fifty Years of Freedom: A.S. Neill and the evolution of the Summerhill idea. Ray Hemmings, Allen & Unwin 1972
Record of a Friendship: the correspondence of Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill. Beverley R. Placzek (ed) Gollancz, 1981. 
All the best, Neill, letters from Summerhill. Jonathan Croall (ed) Andre Deutsch 1983. 
Neill of Summerhill, the permanent rebel. Jonathan Croall, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1983. 
The new Summerhill. Albert Lamb (ed) Penguin Education, 1992. 
Real Education, Varieties of Freedom. David Gribble, Lib Ed, 1998. 
Summerhill and A.S.Neill. Mark Vaughan (ed) Open University Press 2006. Contributions from Zoë Readhead and Ian Stronach. Introduction by Tim Brighouse. 
After Summerhill: what happened to the pupils of Britain's most radical school? Hussein Lucas 2011  Herbert Adler

Schools in England
1921 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in England