cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mark Fisher (11 July 1968 – 13 January 2017) was a British writer, cultural theorist and blogger. He was also known by his blogging name k-punk from 2003. He was known for his writing on radical politics, popular culture and music. He wrote books, including Capitalist Realism (2009). He also wrote as a journalist for The Wire, The Guardian, Fact, New Statesman and Sight & Sound. He was based at Goldsmiths, University of London.

Fisher died on 13 January 2017 at the age of 48. His wife, Zöe Fisher, said he had taken his own life.

References

1968 births
2017 deaths
British bloggers
British journalists
Suicides in the United Kingdom
Writers who committed suicide
ASAP  is the musical variety show in the Philippines shown on ABS-CBN and is seen worldwide through the subscription-based global TV channel The Filipino Channel.

Artists

Main hosts 
 Ogie Alcasid (1995–1996; 2016–present)
 Martin Nievera (1995–present)
 Dayanara Torres (1995–1998; 2017-present)
 Gary Valenciano (1995–present)
 Amy Perez-Castillo (1997–2003; 2016–present)
 Zsa Zsa Padilla (1998–present)
 Vina Morales (1998–present)
 Jolina Magdangal (1995–2002; 2014–present)
 Toni Gonzaga (2005–present)
 Mariel Rodriguez (2005–2010; 2016–present)
 Piolo Pascual (1996–1998; 2001–present)
 Sarah Geronimo (2004–present)
 Luis Manzano (2003–present)
 Jaya (1998–2000; 2016–present)
 Billy Crawford (2008–present)
 Bamboo (2011–present)

Former 
 Edu Manzano (2001–2005; 2016–2017)
 Pops Fernandez (1995–2003; 2016–2017)

Philippine television series
English-language television programs
The Dabwali fire accident was a fire in a building in Haryana, India on 23 December 1995. At least 400 people were killed.

1995 in Asia

1990s in India
Building and structure fires in Asia
December events
1990s disasters in India

Haryana
Chopper is a 2000 Australian black comedy crime drama movie. It was written and directed by Andrew Dominik and based on the autobiographical books by Mark "Chopper" Read. It stars Eric Bana as the title character and co-stars Vince Colosimo, Simon Lyndon, Kate Beahan and David Field. It has a cult following.

2000 comedy-drama movies
2000 crime movies
2000s biographical movies
2000s black comedy movies 
2000s crime drama movies
2000s criminal comedy movies
2000s prison movies
Antisocial personality disorder
Australian biographical movies
Australian comedy movies
Australian crime movies
Australian drama movies
Cult movies
English-language movies
Melbourne
Movies based on books
Movies set in the 1980s
Movies set in the 1990s
Movies set in Australia
Prison comedy movies
Prison drama movies
Movies directed by Andrew Dominik
Interstate 275 (I-275) is an Interstate in the U.S. state of Michigan that acts as a western bypass of the Detroit metropolitan area. The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) maintains the highway. The freeway runs through the western suburbs near Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The southern end is the interchange with I-75 near Newport. MDOT considers the Interstate to run to  I-96, I-696 and M-5 on the Farmington Hills–Novi city line, running together with I-96 for about . This gives a total length of about . According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the length is  because they consider I-275 to end at the junction with I-96 and M-14.

References

275
Transport in Michigan
The Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway is an international railway that connects Ethiopia's capital of Addis Ababa with Djibouti. It is linked to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean.

References

Rail transport
Djibouti
Transport in Africa
Smith & Wesson M&P (Military and Police) is a series of handguns named after the famous 20th century Smith & Wesson service revolvers. They are designed mainly for military, police and personal defense use. They are offered in calibers including: .22 LR, .380 ACP, 9×19mm Parabellum, .357 Magnum and .45 ACP.

History 
In 1852, gunsmiths Horace Smith and Daniel B. Wesson formed the partnership Smith & Wesson. After having financial troubles, in 1854 they sold the company to a shirt manufacturer named Oliver Winchester. In 1866, Winchester renamed the company Winchester Repeating Arms Company. That same year Smith and Wesson formed the second company called Smith & Wesson, which is still in operation.

In 1899, the company produced their now-famous Military & Police pistol. It was a double-action which set a standard for modern revolvers. It also introduced what has become a very popular caliber, the .38 S&W Special.
In 2005, the company introduced Smith & Wesson M&P model pistol. It was the first polymer handgun for S&W. It is available in 9mm and .40 S&W, and as of February 2016, in .45 ACP. It is recoil-operated and uses the Browning-type locking system.

In 2008 the name M&P expanded to became a series of handguns.  It includes polymer pistols, (alloy) revolvers and AR-type rifles. The color, with a few exceptions, is usually black.

The M&P line has expanded to include the "Pro-series", "Shield-series" and "Bodyguard-series" guns.

Related pages 
 Personal defense weapon
 Service pistol
 Smith & Wesson
 Smith & Wesson Model 10
 SWAT

References

Other websites 
 Smith & Wesson M&P M2.0: Making A Great Pistol Even Better—Hands-On Review; YouTube
 Smith & Wesson M&P series

Pistols
Supergirl is an American superhero action-adventure drama television series that originally premiered on October 26, 2015 on CBS. It is based on the DC Comics character Supergirl and stars Melissa Benoist. Supergirl is the cousin of Superman and along with him is one of the last surviving Kryptonians.

The series premiered on October 26, 2015 on CBS, and on May 12, 2016 it was renewed for a second season that premiered on October 10, 2016 by The CW. On January 8, 2017, The CW renewed the series for a third season.

Plot 
Kara Zor-El was sent to Earth from her planet Kyrpton that was about to explode at age of 13 years old by her parents Alura and Zor-El. Alura gave her instructions to protect her baby cousin Kal-El (Superman) who had been sent previously to Earth as well, and told her that due to the Earth yellow's sun, she will obtain extraordinary powers.

Kara's spacecraft was hit by a wave of the Krypton explosion and was taken off course to the Phantom Zone, a region in space where time doesn't pass. She stayed there for 24 years, and when the spacecraft escaped for the Phantom Zone and arrived at Earth, she still looked like a 13-year-old girl. Her cousin, Kal-El, had grown up and became Superman. Superman took Kara to be adopted by his friends, the Danvers family. The series begins eleven years old later when the now 24-year-old Kara is learning to use her powers after previously hiding them, while at the same working as a normal person.

Cast 
Melissa Benoist as Kara Zor-El /Kara Danvers /Supergirl
Mehcad Brooks as James Olsen / The Guardian
Chyler Leigh as Alex Danvers
Jeremy Jordan as Winn Schott
David Harewood as J'onn J'onzz / Martian Manhunter
Chris Wodd as Mon-El 
Calista Flockhart as Cat Grant
Floriana Lima as Maggie Sawyer

References

American television series
Action television series
Drama television series
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
The Aswan High Dam is a dam on the river Nile, near Aswan, Egypt. It was built from 1960 to 1971, and created Lake Nasser. 

Buildings and structures in Egypt
Dams in Africa
1971 establishments in Africa
1970s establishments in Egypt
Anil Adhikari (; 30 May 1987 – 14 January 2017) was a Nepalese rapper. He was better known by his stage name Yama Buddha. He was a Nepalese hip hop artist, also known as "NepHop". He was known for his songs "Mero Juttama", "Saathi, Aaudaichu Ma", "Footpath mero ghar" and "Yo prasanga", all in Nepali. He began his career in 2007. He was a presenter of the rap battle show Raw Barz. He was born in the Eastern Development Region. He lived in the United Kingdom with his wife.

Yama Buddha died on 14 January 2017 in London at the age of 29.

References

1987 births
2017 deaths
Nepalese singers
Rap musicians
Rudolf Slánský (31 July 1901 – 3 December 1952) was a Czechoslovak Communist politician. He was a longtime member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. Later he was the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee (1945-1951). Slánský was one of the main organizers of the 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état. During World War II he was a member of Czechoslovak exile resistance in the foreign centre in Moscow. Slánský was executed on December 3, 1952 at Prague’s Pankrac Prison.

Early years 
Slánský was born  on July 31, 1901 in Nezvěstice near Pilsen, Bohemia. His father was a Jewish merchant. He studied at a public academy in Plzeň. Slánský joined the Czechoslovak Communist Party in 1921, three years after it was formed. In 1924 he was the editor of the Communist Party newspaper, Rude Pravo. He rose in the ranks of the Party becoming a member of the Central Committee. He was in hiding from 1929 to 1935 because the Party was illegal in Czechoslovakia at the time. He became a member of the National Assembly and a close associate of Klement Gottwald.

World War II 
When the Munich Agreement was signed in 1938, Czechoslovakia’s Sudetenland was taken over by Nazi Germany. When the German army marched into the Sudetenland on October 1, 1938, Slánský fled. He went to the Soviet Union and stayed there during most of World War II. He returned to Czechoslovakia in 1944 and took part in the Slovak National Uprising.

Postwar 
After the war, he was involved in politics. The Communist Party in Czechoslovakia agreed to accept many of Joseph Stalin's trained Czechs. Slánský was made the Secretary-General of the Party in Czechoslovakia. By 1948, it was clear that Gottwald was following the Stalinist style of politics.

Arrest and trial 
Slánský himself had been in charge of purges of several of his associates. When Gottwald thought he might be next, he had Slánský and 13 others arrested. The charges against Slánský included treason, spying and sabotage. Slánský finally confessed after being tortured. Then he had to memorize a speech for the show trial. All of the 14 had confessed. Slánský was one of the 11 who was given a death sentence. Twice Slánský attempted suicide while he was waiting for his execution. Finally, on December 3, 1952, he was hanged at Pankrac Prison.

After Stalin died in 1953, there were fewer purges. In April 1963, Slánský and his fellow victims were cleared of the charges against them. In May, 1968, Slánský and the others were formally exonerated.

References 

1901 births
1952 deaths
Communist politicians
Czech Jews
Czechoslovak politicians
Jewish politicians
People executed by hanging
Aero Caribbean Flight 883 was a passenger flight from Port-au-Prince to Havana with a stopover at Santiago de Cuba. On November 4, 2010, the ATR-72-212 crashed near Sancti Spíritus due to icing. All 68 people on-board were killed in Cuba's 3rd deadliest air-disaster.

2010 aviation disasters
2010 in North America
2010s disasters in North America
November 2010 events
Ferdinand Peroutka (6 February 1895 – 20 April 1978) was a Czech journalist and writer. He is considered to be one of the most important journalists in Czech history.

Life

Early career 
From 1919 to 1924 he worked as editor of magazine Tribuna (Tribune), then from 1924 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of revue Přítomnost (Presence). His activity was supported by T. G. Masaryk, who also contributed to his magazines. Peroutka was also wrote about politics in Lidové noviny, where he wrote against Nazis and communists, whose idelogies he saw as dangerous. For this he was frequently attacked by members of those parties. He also openly criticiced Adolf Hitler, for his lies and false promises.

World War II 
After German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, Peroutka was forced to write propaganda for the Nazis. He didn't listen and in April 1939 issue of Přítomnost he wrote an article Dynamický život (Dynamic life) about the 50th birthday of Adolf Hitler. In this article he acknowledged Hitler's power, but refused that Czechs should listen to him. For this he was sent to concentration camp, but was released after few days. Although, a few months later in September 1939 he was jailed again, along with other potential enemies of Nazi regime.

Peroutka was jailed in concentration camps Dachau and Buchenwald, where he was liberated by American army in 1945.

After the war 
After the war Peroutka became editor-in-chief of Svobodné noviny and Dnešek, that replaced his previous magazines.

In those years he was repeatedly accused  by communists of sympathizing with Nazis. Their proof were articles Dynamický život and Hitler po lidské strance (Hitler with a human face), that he didn't actually write. Peroutka refused those claims. Many years later in 2015, Czech president Miloš Zeman claimed that Peroutka was fascinated by Nazism and wrote an article called Hitler je gentleman (Hitler is gentleman). Although this was never proved Zeman refused to apologize and Ovčáček is still searching for that article

In the years 1945-1946 he was a member of the parliament for Czech National Social Party.

Exile 
After Soviets assumed control over Czech government in 1948 Peroutka went to exile. First he went to England and later to United States. He worked for Radio Free Europe in Munich and was one of the members of The Council of Free Czechoslovakia.

Peroutka became one of the most important anti-communist personalities and his works were banned behind Iron Curtain. Reading and spreading his work was illegal and Communist government pretented he never existed. Because of this Czechs growing up after normalization had practically no way to find out who he was.

Peroutka died in 1978 in New York. After Velvet revolution he was buried on Vyšehrad in 1991.

1895 births
1978 deaths
Czech journalists
Czech writers
Richard Divall  (9 September 1945 – 15 January 2017) was an Australian conductor and musicologist. He spent nine years as a music producer at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. He was born in Sydney, New South Wales.

From 1972, on the invitation of Dame Joan Hammond, he became the music director of the Victoria State Opera in Melbourne, Victoria. He stayed with the opera for 25 years. His teachers included Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Sir Charles Mackerras, Sir Reginald Goodall and Wolfgang Wagner. He was also a professor in Melbourne, London and Malta.

Divall died after a long illness 15 January 2017 in Melbourne. He was 71.

References

1945 births
2017 deaths
Conductors
Disease-related deaths in Victoria (Australia)
Musicians from Sydney
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Order of Australia
Jan Antoni Szczepański (20 November 1939 – 15 January 2017) was a Polish boxer. He won the gold medal in the lightweight division (– 60 kg) at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In the final he defeated Hungary's László Orbán on points (5:0).

Szczepanski died on 15 January 2017, after long illness in Warsaw, aged 77.

References

1939 births
2017 deaths
Polish sportspeople
Boxers
Eddie Lee Long (May 12, 1953 – January 15, 2017) was an American pastor. He was the senior pastor of New Birth Missionary Baptist Church, a megachurch in unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, from 1987 until his death in 2017.

Career
When Long started as pastor for New Birth Church, there were 300 church members, which grew to 25,000. During this time, Long was found not guilty in Senate investigations concerning whether he personally profited from his church's tax-exempt status. 

Also, civil lawsuits were filed against him alleging sexual abuse of multiple underage male members of his parish. Long has denied wrongdoing through his attorneys and privately settled the lawsuits out of court for undisclosed amounts.

Death
Long died from cancer-related causes on January 15, 2017, aged 63.

References

Other websites
 New Birth Missionary Baptist Church 

1953 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cancer
American Baptists
People from North Carolina
People from Georgia (U.S. state)
Frank Isaac Spellman (September 17, 1922 – January 12, 2017) was an American weightlifter. He set several Olympic records and earned a gold medal in 1948. Spellman has been elected to the United States Weightlifting Hall of Fame, the Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame and the Porterville Quarterback Hall of Fame. He was born in Malvern, Pennsylvania.

In addition to being inducted into the Philadelphia Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in its class of 2003 / 2004, Spellman was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1983. 

Spellman died on January 12, 2017 at the age of 94.

References

1922 births
2017 deaths
Jewish American sportspeople
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Greg Trooper (January 13, 1956 – January 15, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter. His songs have been recorded by many artists, including Steve Earle, Billy Bragg and Vince Gill.

Early life
Trooper was born in Neptune Township, New Jersey, and raised in nearby Little Silver. He studied at the University of Kansas.

Career
Trooper moved to New York City for the 1980s and part of the 1990s, where he formed The Greg Trooper Band along with Larry Campbell on guitar, Greg Shirley on bass and Walter Thompson on drums. During this time he recorded his first two records: We Won't Dance and the critically acclaimed Everywhere produced by Stewart Lerman.  

He also met songwriter/publisher Earl Shuman, who secured Trooper's first publishing deal with CBS Songs.  Trooper's records caught the attention of Steve Earle, who recorded Trooper's "Little Sister."

In the early 1990s, Trooper met E Street Band bassist Garry Tallent who, like Trooper, would move to Nashville. Tallent produced Trooper's 1996 album Noises in the Hallway and released it on his D'Ville Record Group label. 

Popular Demons followed in 1998, on Koch Records and produced by Buddy Miller. After the release of that album, Trooper signed with Nashville indie Eminent Records, which released Straight Down Rain in 2001.

Death
Tropper died on January 15, 2017 in Nashville, Tennessee from pancreatic cancer, aged 61.

References

Other websites
 
 Dutch website
 No Depression  Issue #33, May–June 2001 | "Greg Trooper: a New Jersey yankee in King Acuff's court" by Jim Musser
 No Depression Issue #44 March–April 2003 | Greg Trooper: Between A House And A Hard Place (McConigel's Mucky Duck) CD review by Barry Mazor
 Greg Trooper interview with Melissa Block, NPR "All Things Considered" April 5, 2005
 USA Today April 11, 2005 CD review by Brian Mansfield 

1956 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Tennessee
American singer-songwriters
American guitarists
American pianists
Singers from New Jersey
Musicians from New Jersey
Writers from New Jersey
Willoughby is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States and is a suburb of Cleveland. The population was 22,268 at the 2010 census.

References

Other websites
 Willoughby, Ohio
 Willoughby Area Welcome Center
 Willoughby branch of the Willoughby-Eastlake Public Library

Cities in Ohio
Harwood Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 8,612 at the 2010 census. The current mayor is Arlene Jezierny. She is the second woman to serve as mayor in Harwood Heights, the first being Margaret Fuller.

References

Villages in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
John Matthew Wightman (October 2, 1938 – January 5, 2017) was an American politician from the state of Nebraska. He served two terms, from 2007 to 2015, in the Nebraska Legislature, representing a district in the central part of the state. Wightman was a member of the Republican Party. He was also mayor of Lexington, Nebraska.

Wightman died on January 5, 2017 of respiratory failure at the age of 78 in Lexington, Nebraska.

References

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
American mayors
Politicians from Nebraska
US Republican Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
People from North Platte, Nebraska
The Chainsmokers are an American pop and electronic dance music duo. They are made up with Drew Taggart and Alex Pall.

The duo released their first studio album, Bouquet, in October 2015. Their song, "Roses", reached the Top 10 on Billboard Hot 100. In 2016, "Closer", with vocals from Halsey, became their first #1 single on the Hot 100 chart.

The Chainsmokers are from New York City.

Albums 
 Memories...Do Not Open (2017)
 Sick Boy (2018)
 World War Joy (2019)

References

Musical groups from New York City
American pop music groups
Marbella is a city and municipality in southern Spain, belonging to the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is part of the Costa del Sol and is the headquarters of the Association of Municipalities of the region; it is also the head of the judicial district that bears its name.

Background
Marbella is near the Mediterranean Sea, between Málaga and the Strait of Gibraltar, in the foothills of the Sierra Blanca. The municipality covers an area of  crossed by highways on the coast, which are its main entrances.

In 2012 the population of the city was 140,473 inhabitants, making it the second most populous city in the province of Málaga and the eighth in Andalusia. It is one of the most important tourist cities of the Costa del Sol and throughout most of the year is an international tourist attraction, due mainly to its climate and tourist infrastructure.

Historical value
The city also has a significant archaeological heritage, several museums and performance spaces,  and a cultural calendar  with events ranging from reggae concerts  to opera performances.

Climate
Marbella is protected on its northern side by the coastal mountains of the Cordillera Penibética and so enjoys a climate with an average annual temperature above . The highest peaks of the mountains are occasionally covered with snow, which usually melts in a day or two. Average rainfall is 628 l/m², while hours of sunshine average 2,900 annually.

References

Cities in Andalusia
Municipalities in Andalusia
Howard Leslie Shore (born October 18, 1946) is a Canadian composer. He is known for his movie scores. 

He has composed the scores for over 80 movies, mostly known for the scores for The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit movie trilogies. 

Shore has also composed a few concert works including one opera, The Fly, based on the plot of David Cronenberg's 1986 movie premiered at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris on July 2, 2008, a short piece Fanfare for the Wanamaker Organ and the Philadelphia Orchestra, and a short overture for the Swiss 21st Century Symphony Orchestra.

In addition to his three Academy Award wins, Shore has also won three Golden Globe Awards and four Grammy Awards.

References

Academy Award winning composers
Golden Globe Award winning composers
Grammy Award winners
1946 births
Living people
Canadian composers
People from Toronto
The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States happened on Friday, January 20, 2017, on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.

The inauguration marked the beginning of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and of Mike Pence as Vice President. The presidential oath of office was administered to Trump by Chief Justice John Roberts and the vice presidential oath of office was administered to Pence by Associate Justice Clarence Thomas.

Benedictions were given by several clerics (among them a rabbi and reverend Franklin Graham, son of the retired reverend Billy Graham, who for decades gave benedictions at the inauguration of US presidents).

The main theme in the inauguration speech of President Trump was his focus on the interests of the United States ("America first!", "Make America Great Again").

Spectators were far fewer than at the inaugurations of his predecessor Barack Obama, although this was contested by President Trump and his spokesman.  Most voters in Washington D.C. had voted for Hillary Clinton, Trump's main opponent in the United States presidential election, 2016.

Presidents Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama, along with their respective wives, the First Ladies (including Hillary Clinton), had all confirmed their attendance at Trump's inauguration, and were all present. George H. W. Bush, age 92, did not attend the inauguration due to health reasons.

Many groups applied for demonstration permits for Donald J. Trump's inauguration, including Bikers for Trump, and the Women's March on Washington, scheduled for the day after inauguration day. Most of the demonstrators were against the new president, and a few were rioters.

References

Other websites
 
 Military District of Washington - 58th Presidential Inauguration  
 @TrumpInaugural - Official Twitter account of the 58th Presidential Inaugural Committee (PIC)

2017 in the United States
Donald Trump
January 2017 events
Trump, Donald
Trump, Donald
is a Japanese silent movie actress. She acted in several movies of Naruse Mikio and Ozu Yasujiro. She quit movie-acting in 1935. She was known for her roles in Chocolate Girl (1930), Apart From You (1933), Dragnet Girl (1933) and in Rappa to Musume (1933).

References

Other websites

1916 births
Living people
Japanese movie actors
Japanese centenarians
Silent movie actors
Actors from Tokyo
Amin Nasir ( – 16 January 2017) was a Singaporean football player and manager. He played as a defender for sides including Sembawang Rangers and Woodlands Wellington. 

Amin managed the S.League side Hougang United from 2013 to 2014. He also represented the Singapore national football team and was awarded a bronze medal at the 1993 Southeast Asian Games. His brother, Nazri, captained the Singapore national team from 1997 to 2003.

Amin was first diagnosed with colon cancer in 2012. He died on 16 January 2017 at the age of 48 in Yishun, Singapore. He was survived by his wife and two children.

References

1968 births
2017 deaths
Asian footballers
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Football managers
Singaporean people
Royal Rumble (2014) was a wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) made by WWE. It happened on January 26, 2014. It was performed at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was the twenty-seventh time a Royal Rumble was held and the first to be held in Pittsburgh.

Five matches were performed at the event. The most important match was the Royal Rumble match. Batista won it by last eliminating Roman Reigns and Roman eliminate 12 men which broke Kane's record for most eliminations in one match from 2001. Alexander Rusev also wrestled in WWE for the first time in the Royal Rumble match.

Results 
 On the pre-show, the New Age Outlaws (Road Dogg and Billy Gunn) beat Cody Rhodes and Goldust (champions) in Tag team match for the WWE Tag Team Championship
 Daniel Bryan beat Bray Wyatt
 Brock Lesnar (with Paul Heyman) beat Big Show
 Randy Orton (champion) beat John Cena for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship
 Batista won the Royal Rumble for a WWE World Heavyweight Championship match at WrestleMania XXX by last eliminating Roman Reigns

Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations
This article contains various lists of state leaders organized by age, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government.

10 oldest serving state leaders

People currently serving as head of state and/or head of government, a party leader of a one-party state, or a representative of a head of state.

10 oldest serving state leaders of all time

Longest-lived state leaders
The following lists are the top ten all-time state leaders and the top ten living.

Top ten since 1800

Top ten living

10 youngest serving state leaders

10 youngest state leaders (since 1942) 

Leaders still serving are highlighted in italicized bold.

Notes

Heads of government
State leaders by age
was a Japanese actor. He began acting in 1952. He appeared in Samurai Rebellion (1967), Taiyō o Nusunda Otoko (1979) and Beyond Outrage (2010). He was known in the United States for appearing in Black Rain (1986), starring Andy García, Michael Douglas and Ken Takakura. He was born in Kure, Hiroshima.

Kōyama died from pneumonia on 3 January 2017 in Kyoto Prefecture. He was 87.

References

Other websites
 

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Japan
Japanese stage actors
Japanese military people
Japanese movie actors
People from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japanese television actors
Franca Sozzani (20 January 1950 – 22 December 2016) was an Italian journalist. She was the editor-in-chief of Vogue Italia from 1988 until her death in 2016. She was born in Mantua. Her son, Francesco Carrozzini (born 1982), is a director and photographer.

Sozzani died after a long illness on 22 December 2016 in Milan. She was 66.

References

1950 births
2016 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Italy
Italian writers
Italian journalists
Mantua
People from Lombardy
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Ezhevsky (; 3 November 1915 – 15 January 2017) was a Soviet Russian statesman and politician. He served as the minister of tractor and agricultural machinery (engineering) of the USSR from 1980 to 1988. He was given for Order of Lenin awards. He was born in Tulun, Irkutsk Governorate of Siberia.

Ezhevsky turned 100 in 2015. He died on 15 January 2017 at the age of 101.

References

1915 births
2017 deaths
Centenarians
Russian engineers
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Russian politicians
Soviet politicians
Franz Jarnach (14 October 1943 – 16 January 2017) was a German actor and musician. He was also known by his stage name Mr. Piggi. He was best for his role as Schildkröte in the improv comedy series Dittsche. He appeared in the series at least 188 times between 2004 and 2014. He was a pianist for the 1960s British beat group Lee Curtis and the All-Stars. He appeared on the music program Beat-Club with the group twice. He was also a member of the rock band The Rattles during the early 1990s.

Jarnach was born in the Bad Godesberg district of Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, Philipp Jarnach (1892–1982), was a composer.

Jarnach died from a heart attack on 16 January 2017 in Hamburg. He was 73.

References

Other websites

  
 

1943 births
2017 deaths
Actors from North Rhine-Westphalia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Germany
Deaths from myocardial infarction
German pianists
German rock musicians
German television actors
Musicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Bonn
Zdeněk Svěrák (born 28th March 1936 in Prague) is best known as a Czech actor and writer. He is also a noted playwright and songwriter. He is the holder of 3 Magnesia Litera awards and 3 Czech Leo awards. He studied at the Pedagogic University and was a teacher. After 4 years as a teacher, he started to work in Czechoslovak radio. There he met musician Jaroslav Uhlíř and since then he collaborated with him. 

Zdeněk Svěrák and Ladislav Smoljak are creators of czech most famous entertaining genious person Jára Cimrman. They have made 13 theatre plays about him and his life. As actor he appears in czech classic movies as: Na samotě u lesa, Marečku, podejte mi pero!, Trhák, Tři veteráni, Obecná škola or Vratné Láhve. He founded the Theater of Jara Cimrman in 1966.

Zdeněk's son, Jan Svěrák (*1965), is czech film director and one of 4 Czechoslovakian/Czech men who won Oscar. In 1997, the Father and son team won an Oscar for their movie Kolja. Zdeněk Svěrák starred in the movie. In 2014 he was awarded the President's Prize for lifetime achievements ad the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

References

Other websites 
 Zdenek Sverák Biography at IMDb

1936 births
Living people
Czech screenwriters
Vicki Lee Lansky (née Rogosin; January 6, 1942 – January 15, 2017) was an American author and publisher. She wrote parenting books and other advice books. She wrote over forty books, first with Feed Me I’m Yours. Other books she wrote include Divorce Book for Parents, 101 Ways To Tell Your Sweetheart "I Love You" and five "101 Ways" books. Her books sold over six million copies.

Lansky was born in Louisville, Kentucky and grew up in Westchester, New York. She had two children with her first husband, Bruce. They later divorced. In 2008, she married Stephen M. Schaefer.

Lansky died from cirrhosis on January 15, 2017 in Plymouth, Minnesota. She was 75.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
American children's writers
Deaths from cirrhosis
Disease-related deaths in Minnesota
Writers from Louisville, Kentucky
Writers from New York
The Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus), also called a musky caiman and dwarf caiman, is a genus of Caiman native to northern and central South America. They are the smallest living crocodilians in South America. They live in freshwater lakes. It was first described by the French zoologist, Georges Cuvier, in 1807. They grow up to  long for males and  long for females. Cuvier's dwarf caiman weigh between  and . They live up to 40 years. Cuvier's dwarf caiman was first described by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier in
1807. It is one of only two species in the genus Paleosuchus. The Cuvier's dwarf caiman has an average length of 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for males. The average length for females is 1.2 m (3.9 ft). An adult weighs around 6 to 7 kg (13 to 15 lb). It has strong body armor, which provides protection against predators. Young dwarf caimans mainly
feed on invertebrates. It also eats small fish and frogs. Adults eat larger fish,
amphibians, and invertebrates, such as large molluscs. It is listed Least concern.

References

Other websites 
 Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) feeding video; YouTube

Crocodilia
Animals of South America
Věra Čáslavská (3 May 1942 – 30 August 2016) was a Czechoslovakian artistic gymnast and Czech sportswoman. She was very attractive, cheerful and popular with the general public. Věra Čáslavská won 22 international titles between 1959 and 1968, including seven Olympic gold medals, four World titles and eleven European championship. Čáslavská and Soviet Larisa Latynina, they are only two female gymnasts, who win the all-around gold medal at two consecutive Olympics. In years 1964 - 1968 she wasn’t never lose out in big competition in multicontest.

Life 
She was born in Prague. She did ballet and figure skating when she was small. In 2015 she met Eva Bosáková and with her they started to do gymnastics.

Shortly after the 1968 Olympics, Čáslavská was married with runner Josef Odložil. He was a silver medalist at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. They had ceremony at the Mexico City Cathedral.

In 1969 was born her daughter Radka and in 1974 son Martin. The couple divorced in 1987.

She became a president Václav Havel’s counselor for social issues and sport in January 1990 and since 1991 she worked as his assistant.

In next ten years she was alone and she don’t associate with anyone.  Čáslavská lived in a nursing home. She was treated with depression in mental home in Bohnice and added addiction on pharmaceuticals. Fortunately in 2007 she came back with great enthusiasm and she began helping Czech athletes. But in summer 2015 she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, which next year has worsened. In her final days she was taken to a hospital in Prague on 30 August, where she died at the age of 74. Her funeral took place in the narrow family circle on 8 September in 2016 and her remains were cremated at the crematorium Šumperk.

Filmography 
Věra 68 - it’s a feature movie, overhead Olga Sommerová.

Interest 
After Věra Čáslavská is named asteroid (26986) Čáslavská (improvised name 1997 VC5).

1942 births
2016 deaths
Czechoslovak people
Female athletes
Gymnasts
Sportspeople from Prague
A Brachistochrone curve is the fastest path for a ball to roll between two points that are at different heights. A ball can roll along the curve faster than a straight line between the points.

The curve will always be the quickest route regardless of how strong gravity is or how heavy the object is. However, it might not be the quickest if there is friction.

The curve can be found using calculus of variations and optimal control.

References

Other websites 

 The straight line, the catenary, the brachistochrone, the circle, and Fermat Unified approach to some geodesics (from 2014)

Mathematics
Mechanics
Physics
General Heliodor Píka (July 3, 1897 Štítina – June 21, 1949 Plzeň ) was a Czechoslovakian army officer. He is also well known as representative of Czechoslovakian anti-Nazi resistance and a victim of communism.

Early life 
Heliodor Píka was born on July 3,1897 in Štítina near Opava. His father was Ignác Píka, who was a wheelwright. In 1915 he graduated from the Gymnasium in Opava. Originally, he wanted to study Pharmacy. In 1916 he was sent to the Galician front. On July 28, 1916, he was captured by Russian units in Berestechko. Later he joined Czechoslovakian legion.

Czechoslovak Army 
In 1917 he was sent to the Western front in France. In Le Havre he went through intensive military training. He fought there until 1919.

In 1920 he graduated from École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. He became a teacher at the Military academy in Hranice. In the 1930s, Píka acted as a military attaché to Romania and Turkey.

 In 1941 he cooperated with Czechoslovakian units in USSR. They were supported by Czechoslovakian government in exile. He also attended the ceremonial signing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the war, he was promoted to major general and served as Deputy Chief of Staff.

Execution 
At the time of the February coup, General Píka was ill. In March 1948, he had to stay at the military hospital in Prague. While he was recovering, General Reicin ordered him to be arrested and interrogated. He was falsely accused of spying and of High treason. In January 26 to 28, 1948 he was tried and sentenced to death. The execution took place in the prison in Plzeň on June 21, 1948.

Rehabilitation 
Thanks to Milan Píka, who was Píkas son, his case was reviewed. A military court proved that there is no single piece of evidence, which would convict him. On December 13, 1968 he was cleared of all charges and fully rehabilitated.

References 

1897 births
1949 deaths
Czechoslovak people
European military people
Generals
Dermot Anthony Gallagher (1944 – 15 January 2017) was an Irish civil servant. He served as the Secretary General of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He left office as Secretary-General on 24 January 2009 and was replaced by David Cooney, former Ambassador to the United Kingdom. He was known for serving as Ireland's ambassador to the United States and for helping establishing peace with Northern Ireland.

Early life
Gallagher was born in Carrick-on-Shannon, Leitrim. He studied and taught at the University College Dublin. His diplomatic career began in 1969.

Career
During his diplomat career, Gallagher worked in London, New York City at the United Nations Headquarters, in Brussels and in San Francisco, California. He was made "deputy chief of the cabinet" at the European Commission. In 1971, he married his wife, Maeve Farrell.

He was appointed Ambassador to the United States in 1991 where he developed a wide range of friendships and contacts. One of these was Bill Clinton, then governor of Arkansas. During his time as ambassador, he helped secure a U.S. visa for Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams. After his posting in Washington D.C., he returned home in 1997 with the title of Second Secretary General. Along with Bertie Ahern, Gallagher wanted to establish peace with Northern Ireland.

Later career
In February 2009 he was nominated to be Chairman of the Garda Síochána Ombudsman Commission and was appointed Chairman of University College Dublin Governing Authority.

Death
Gallagher died on 15 January 2017 in Dublin, aged 72. On his death, President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, said: "Mr Gallagher dedicated a lifetime to public service, serving with distinction as ambassador to the United States and making a significant contribution to the peace process in Northern Ireland.

References

1944 births
2017 deaths
Irish politicians
Civil servants
Ambassadors to the United States
Han Peixin () (October 1921 – January 15, 2017) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Xiangshui County, Jiangsu.

Career
He was Communist Party of China Committee Secretary and governor of his home province of Jiangsu. He first served as governor for a year from 1982 through 1983 and later secretary from 1983 through 1989. He was a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress (1978–1983), 6th National People's Congress (1983–1988) and 7th National People's Congress (1988–1993).

Death
Peixin died in Jiangsu, China on January 15, 2017 from cardiac arrest at the age of 95.

References

1919 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Chinese politicians
Communists
Jiří Navrátil (10 September 1923 – 16 January 2017) was a Czech scout leader and anti-communist activist. He served as the President of Junák, the Czech Scout and Guide association.

Early life
Navrátil was born in Germany. In 1937. he became a Scout in Prague.

Prison years
He was arrested and held several months by the Gestapo during World War II. In 1949, he tried to oppose the Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia with other Scouts. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison, and was released in 1960.

Career
During the Prague Spring in 1968, Navrátil was one of the refounders of Junák, the Czech Scout movement. The movement was suppressed again in 1970. Following the Velvet Revolution in 1989, he became one of the main Leaders of the third restoration of Junák.

He was one of the important people of the 1999 10th European Conference of Guiding and Scouting in Prague, in which President Václav Havel gave the opening speech.

Awards
In 2002, Navrátil was awarded the 292nd Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Death
Navrátil died on 16 January 2017 in Prague at the age of 93.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
Activists
Anti-Communists
People from Prague
Eugene Andrew "Gene" Cernan (; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017), (CAPT, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and Naval Aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, fighter pilot, and NASA astronaut.

Cernan was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Bellwood, Illinois and in Maywood, Illinois. He studied at Purdue University and at the Naval Postgraduate School. 

He traveled into space three times: as Pilot of Gemini 9A in June 1966, as Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as Commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing.

On Apollo 17, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon and the most recent man to walk on the Moon since he was the last to re-enter the Lunar Module Challenger after the mission's third and final mission. Cernan was also a backup crew member for the Gemini 12, Apollo 7 and Apollo 14 space missions.

Cernan died on January 16, 2017 at a hospital in Houston, Texas, aged 82.

References

Other websites

Last Man on the Moon
Gene Cernan flies the Windows-based "Eagle Lander 3D" Simulator
Eugene Cernan at the Internet Movie Database
Spacefacts biography of Eugene Cernan
Cernan at Encyclopedia of Science
Cernan at Spaceacts
Cernan at International Space Hall of Fame 

1934 births
2017 deaths
Apollo astronauts
Engineers from Illinois
American aviators
Scientists from Chicago
Jan Jánský (30 March 1873 in Prague,Czech Republic - 8 September 1921 in Černošice) was a neurologist and psychiatrist. He was the the first to divide human blood into the four types (A, B, AB, 0) of the AB0 blood group system. His discovery saved millions of lives.

His life 
He studied medicine at Charles University in Prague. From 1899 he worked in a psychiatric clinic. He became a professor at Charles University and a doctor of medicine.

World war I 
He served as a doctor for 2 years on the front lines. After suffering a heart attack in 1916, he was dismissed from the army. After that he was in charge of the department of Neurology and Forensic Psychiatry at the Central Military Hospital in Prague.

He suffered from angina pectoris. Jánský died of Coronary artery disease.

Points of Interest 
Jánský was a promoter of blood donations. Donators of Czech Republic or Slovakia receive a medal. In 1953 he was the subject of a movie directed by Martin Frič.

References 

Czechoslovak scientists
1873 births
1921 deaths
Deaths from coronary artery disease
Emil Zátopek (19 September 1922 - 22 November 2000) was a Czechoslovak runner from town Kopřivnice. He is mostly known for winning 3 gold medals at the 1952 Summer Olympic games in Helsinki. He won in 5,000 metres, 10,000 metres runs and in marathon. He never ran a marathon before. But he decided at the last minute to start with others. He set former record with time 2:23:03,2.

Personal life 
Zátopek was born in Kopřivnice. He finished Industrial high school in Zlin. He studied at the Military Academy in Prague. His wife was Dana, also an olympic athlete. They were married in 1948. In Helsinki she competed in jevelin. She won a gold medal at the same day as Zátopek. His olympic rivals (friends) called him "Czech Locomotive". In 1997 he was called the best Czech athlete of 20th century. Then in 1999, he was declared the best Olympian in Czech history. Altogether he won six Olympic medals, five European Championship and he broke the records for 18 times. His life credo was: "Are you running out of breath? Go faster!"

Career 
His Career began at an elementary school in Zlin. There he ran at school events with good results. He accepted an invitation to train with Zlin´s athletes. He mostly trained by himself with his own running system. He ran  sections with multiple repetitions. In 1943 he tried his first 5,000 metres run and the year after that he set his first record at 2,000 metres track. His most successful event were Summer Olympic games in 1952 where he won 3 gold medals. After that he went through an operation for a hernia. Zátopek´s athlete career ended in 1958 then he worked as a minister (Christianity).

References 

1922 births
2000 deaths
Czech sportspeople
Czechoslovak people
Male athletes
Olympic gold medalists
Captain John Watts Young (September 24, 1930 – January 5, 2018) was an American astronaut, naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and aeronautical engineer. He became the ninth person to walk on the Moon as Commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. Young was on the first orbital Space Shuttle mission, STS-1, in April 1981. He was the only person to have piloted, and been commander of, four different classes of spacecraft: Gemini, the Apollo Command/Service Module, the Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle.

Young was born in San Francisco, California. He studied at the Georgia Institute of Technology. In 1956, Young married Barbara White. They divorced in 1972. They had two children. Young died of complications from pneumonia in Houston, Texas on January 5, 2018 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

Young's official NASA biography

1930 births
Apollo astronauts
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Texas
American astronauts
American aviators
Engineers from California
Scientists from San Francisco
Leonard Cyril Deighton (; born 18 February 1929), known as Len Deighton, is a British author. He is thought to be one of the top three spy novelists of his time (along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré). 

He is a well known military historian, cookery writer, and graphic artist. His first book, The IPCRESS File, was an instant bestseller. The Sunday Times called him "the poet of the spy story". 

Deighton was born in the London inner-city of Marylebone. He studied at St Marylebone Grammar School, at Saint Martin's School of Art and at the Royal College of Art. He is married to Ysabele Deighton.

References

1929 births
Living people
British historians
Writers from London
Sergei Mikhailovich Makarov (; born 19 June 1958 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian former ice hockey right wing. He was a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He was voted one of six players to the International Ice Hockey Federation's (IIHF) Centennial All-Star Team. This was in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.

References 

1958 births
Olympic gold medalists
Russian ice hockey players