cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
In cryptography, RC5 is a simple symmetric-key block cipher. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1994, RC5 is a parameterized algorithm with a variable block size, a variable key size, and a variable number of rounds. "RC" stands for "Rivest Cipher", or alternatively, "Ron's Code".

In order to provide varieties of security and efficiency levels; RC5 has a variable block size (32, 64 or 128 bits), variable key size (0 to 2040 bits) and variable number of rounds (0 to 255). The original suggested choice of parameters were a block size of 64 bits, a 128-bit key and 12 rounds.

A key feature of RC5 is the use of data-dependent rotations; one of the goals of RC5 was to study and evaluate operations of block ciphers as a cryptographic primitive. RC5 also consists of a number of modular additions and eXclusive OR (Xor)s. The general structure of the algorithm is a Feistel-like network. The encryption and decryption routines can be specified in a few lines of code. The key schedule, however, is more complex, expanding the key using an essentially one-way function with the binary expansions of both e and the golden ratio as sources of "nothing up my sleeve numbers". The simplicity of the algorithm together with the novelty of the data-dependent rotations has made RC5 an attractive subject to study by cryptanalysts.

Cryptanalysis
12-round RC5 (with 64-bit blocks) is susceptible to a differential attack using 244 chosen plaintexts. 18–20 rounds are suggested as sufficient protection.

RSA Security, which has a patent on the algorithm, offered a series of US$10,000 prizes for breaking ciphertexts encrypted with RC5, but these contests have been discontinued as of May 2007. A number of these challenge problems have been tackled using distributed computing, organised by Distributed.net. Distributed.net has brute-forced RC5 messages encrypted with 56- and 64-bit keys, and now is working on cracking a 72-bit key. At the current rate (as of November 12, 2008), it will take approximately 1,000 years to test every possible key to complete the project.

References

Other websites 
 Rivest's paper describing the cipher
 SCAN's entry for the cipher
 RSA Laboratories FAQ — What are RC5 and RC6? 
 Helger Lipmaa's links on RC5 
 RSA's patent via Google.

Cryptography
Altaic is a language system that includes the Turkic languages, Mongolic, and the Tungusic languages. That is probably the meaning attributed to "Altaic" by most general linguists. 

It has disputed language families, but only a few linguists still believe that it existed. It supposedly had 66 languages that are now spoken by about 348 million people, mostly in and around Central Asia and northeast Asia.

However, since the publication of Gustaf John Ramstedt's Einführung in 1952–1957, most Altaicists have included Korean in Altaic. Since the publication of Roy Andrew Miller's Japanese and the Other Altaic Languages in 1971, some also included Japanese (Nicholas Poppe) or Japonic, consisting of Japanese and Ryukyuan.

A few linguists (such as (Street 1962)) even count Ainu with the Altaic languages but as part of a node including Korean and Japanese, in contrast to a Turkic-Mongolic-Tungusic node, with Korean-Japanese-Ainu and Turkic-Mongolic-Tungusic, in turn, forming a higher-level node.

The core version of Altaic, consisting of Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic, is sometimes referred to as "Micro-Altaic," and the expanded version, including Korean and sometimes Japanese, is referred to as "Macro-Altaic," but even the core version is very controversial.

References

Other websites 
 Altaic family tree Ethnologue
 Altaic languages  MSN Encarta
 Monumenta altaica Altaic linguistics website
 Altaic etymology section in StarLing databases
 Defense of Altaic  by Alexis Manaster Ramer (1994)

Languages
The Mongolian language (, Mongol kele, Cyrillic: Монгол хэл, Mongol khel) is the best-known member of the Mongolic language family and the language of most of the residents of Mongolia, where it is officially written with the Cyrillic alphabet and of around three million Mongolian speakers in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, where it is officially written with the traditional Mongolian script. It is also spoken in some areas in the Russian Far East and Kyrgyzstan. The majority of speakers in Mongolia speak the Khalkha (or Halh) dialect, while those in China speak one of many Inner Mongolian dialects.

References 

 Janhunen, Juha (ed.) (2003): The Mongolic languages. London: Routledge.

Other websites 

 Ethnologue report for Khalkha Mongolian
 Lingua Mongolia Information on classical Mongolian, including an online dictionary
 Omniglot - Mongolian Alphabets
 Mongolian bilingual dictionaries
In cryptography, RC2 is a symmetric-key block cipher. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1987. "RC" stands for "Rivest Cipher", or alternatively, "Ron's Code".

RC2 is a 64-bit block cipher with a variable key size and using 18 rounds.

Rounds are arranged as a source-heavy feistel network, with 16 rounds of one type called "mixing rounds" interleaved by two rounds of another type called "mashing rounds".

The 18 rounds are performed using the following interleaved sequence: 
 perform 5 mixing rounds.
 perform 1 mashing round.
 perform 6 mixing rounds.
 perform 1 mashing round.
 perform 5 mixing rounds.

RC2 uses key-expansion algorithm by which an expanded key consisting of 64 (16-bit words) is produces depending in a complicated way on every bit of the supplied "variable-length" input key. A mixing round consists of four applications of the "mix-up" transformation, as shown in the diagram. A round is "mashed" by adding to it one of the 16-bit words of the expanded key (RFC 2268).

RC2 is susceptible to a related-key attack using 234 chosen-plaintext attacks (Kelsey et al., 1997).

The development of RC2 was sponsored by Lotus, who were seeking a custom cipher be exported as part of their Lotus Notes software, after evaluation by the NSA. The NSA suggested a couple of changes, which Ronald Rivest incorporated. After further negotiations, the cipher was approved for export in 1989.

Along with RC4, RC2 with a 40-bit key size was treated under US export regulations for cryptography. Now all 40-bit encryption algorithms are obsolete because they are dangerously susceptible to brute force attacks.

Initially, the details of the algorithm were kept secret — proprietary to RSA Security — but on 29 January 1996, source code for RC2 was anonymously posted to the Internet on the Usenet forum, sci.crypt. A similar post had occurred earlier with RC4. It is unclear whether the poster had access to the specifications or whether it had been reverse engineered.

References 
 Steven Levy, Crypto: How the Code Rebels Beat the Government — Saving Privacy in the Digital Age, , 2001.
 Lars R. Knudsen, Vincent Rijmen, Ronald L. Rivest, Matthew J. B. Robshaw: On the Design and Security of RC2. Fast Software Encryption 1998: 206–221
 John Kelsey, Bruce Schneier, David Wagner: Related-key cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES, CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA. ICICS 1997: 233–246

Other websites 
 RFC 2268 - A Description of the RC2(r) Encryption Algorithm
 RSA FAQ: What is RC2? 
 sci.crypt posting revealing the RC2 algorithm

Cryptography
The 1999 East Timorese crisis  was a conflict. Militia who did not like the independence in East Timor started the conflict when they attacked civilians. These attacks led to more violence all over the country. Most of the violence occurred in the capital Dili.

The violence started after the result of an election was independence from Indonesia. About 1400 people are thought to have died. An UN force (InterFET) made up mainly of people from the Australian Defence Force was sent to East Timor to establish and maintain peace.

Details

Background: referendum 
In 1999, there was a lot of pressure on Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesian government decided to hold a vote. In this referendum it asked the people of East Timor, whether they wanted to stay with Indonesia or become independent. Portugal had done some lobbying. The referendum was held on August 30. In it, a clear majority (78.5%) of people voting said they would prefer to become independent. The alternative proposal would have been to stay with Indonesia, but to have many freedoms as an autonomous province, called Special Autonomous Region of East Timor (SARET).

Violence 
Directly after the referendum, violence broke out. The violence came from Indonesian soldiers and from a special East Timorese pro-integration militia which was supported by Indonesia. These troops became violent and terrorised the population. They did not like how the people had voted. About 14,000 Timorese people were killed. 300.000 had to flee to West Timor to live as refugees. Most of the infrastructure of the country, including houses, watering systems, and the electricity was destroyed. Noam Chomsky said: "In one month, this massive military operation murdered some 2,000 people, raped hundreds of women and girls, displaced three-quarters of the population, and demolished 75 percent of the country's infrastructure."

InterFET 
On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) came to the country. This ended the violence. Activists in Portugal, Australia, the United States, and elsewhere pressured their governments to take action. US President Bill Clinton eventually threatened Indonesia, that the IMF loans would be stopped. Indonesia was in deep economic troubles already. The Indonesian government agreed to withdraw its troops and allowed a multinational force into Timor to stabilize the area. It was clear that the UN did not have sufficient resources to fight the paramilitary forces directly. Instead, the UN authorised the creation of a multinational military force known as INTERFET (International Force for East Timor), with Security Council Resolution 1264. 23 nations sent troops, about 11,000 people in total. The force was led by Major-General Peter Cosgrove. Troops landed in East Timor on 20 September 1999.

References 

1999 in Asia
East Timor
Civil wars involving Asia
Conflicts in 1999
Ohio Is for Lovers is a single released by Hawthorne Heights it came from their first album The Silence in Black and White

The lyrics are one of the main reasons why the band are considered to be Emo. It contains the lyrics "cut my wrists and black my eyes" more than once.
Some people take this literally, but the singer has explained its only a Figure of speech the band is against self harming.

The song was charted #34 in America.

About the video 
The album The Silence in Black and White later contained a DVD including the making of "Ohio is for lovers" it shows a spider, and also shows JT in a room alone looking miserable. There's also a young girl in the Ohio is for lovers music video, played by Emma Parris.

2004 songs
Lady Godiva (; about 980 – 1067) was an Anglo-Saxon noblewoman. She was married to Earl Leofric and frequently donated to the church, and was highly religious. There are legends that say that she rode naked through the streets of Coventry in England.

Legend
Lady Godiva was the wife of Earl Leofric of Mercia. The Earl’s taxes were very high, and people in Coventry was very upset about it. Lady Godiva begged her husband to lower the taxes many times, but he never agreed to. Finally, the Earl told Lady Godiva that if she rode through the streets completely naked, he would lower the taxes. Lady Godiva sent a message through town that told everyone to close their shutters and stay indoors. Then, she rode through town only clothed by her hair. The Earl gave in and lowered the taxes of the town. However, a tailor named Tom drilled a hole through his shutters, and caught a glimpse of Lady Godiva. He was struck blind, some think from heaven, and some think the town “took care of him” themselves. This is where the phrase “Peeping Tom” for a voyeur comes from. There were many celebrations to remember Lady Godiva’s courage. Peeping Tom was added to the story in the 17th century.

Related pages
 Exhibitionism
 Public nudity
 The Seven Lady Godivas, an early Dr. Seuss book
 Nudity and protest

References

Other websites 

 Lady Godiva, the website of the women's sports team
 Cecilia Parsons, "Countess Godiva", 1999, revised 2004: biography and developing legend
 BBC News – the unearthing of a stained glass window identified with Lady Godiva
 James Grout: Lady Godiva, part of the Encyclopædia Romana
 How Lady Godiva Got a Tax Break

990 births
1067 deaths
English people
Sociology
Nudity
A scandal is a very public incident which involves a claim of wrong-doing, shame, or moral offence. A scandal may be about a real event, an untrue event (often called a ) or a mixture of both.  Something which is a scandal can be described as scandalous.

Scandals may be told by , who have access to secrets and allow them to go public. A well-known scandal was the Watergate scandal, in which US President Richard Nixon was found to be supporting and hiding illegal burglaries. 

Untrue claims often lead to a loss of respect for that person, and can destroy their careers. Sometimes an attempt to cover up a scandal creates a bigger scandal when the cover-up does not succeed. 

Sometimes there are scandals surrounding people who work for the president such as during the Grant administration. The Iran-Contra affair was also a known scandal that surrounded Ronald Reagan and his administration. All were not-guilty of the crime.

Words
Countdown to Extinction is the fifth studio album by American thrash metal band Megadeth. Countdown to Extinction was released on July 6, 1992. It was released through Capitol Records. The album debuted at #2 on the Billboard 200 and sold 128,000 copies in the first week.

The album was nominated for Best Metal Performance at the 1993 Grammy Awards. The title track won the Humane Society's Genesis Award for raising awareness for animal rights issues.

Track listing

2004 Bonus Tracks

References

1992 albums
Megadeth albums
There have been twelve goaltenders who have scored a goal in a National Hockey League (NHL) game. The most recent to do so was Pekka Rinne in 2020.

Scorers
Key

A Ellis had not yet reached the bench to be replaced by an extra attacker (he even attempted to return to stop the puck) and thus the goal was credited as an official goal against Ellis, as opposed to an empty-net goal.
B Replay footage showed that the goal was scored with 0.1 second left in the game.

References

Lists of National Hockey League players
Ice hockey goaltenders
A cryptographic protocol (also known as encryption protocol or security protocol) is an abstract or an existing protocol that performs a security-related function and applies cryptographic methods. 

A protocol describes how the cryptographic algorithms should be used to secure information. The description of a protocol must include details about all data structures and representations, and all details about how to utilize the protocol by programs.

Cryptographic protocols are widely used for secure application-level data transport, in order to secure transferred messages. A cryptographic protocol usually has at least some of these features:
 Key generation.
 Entity authentication.
 Key agreement.
 Symmetric encryption of transferred messages using the agreed generated key.

The term cryptographic protocol is used in different ways. For example, cryptographic application protocols often use one or more underlying Key-agreement protocols which are also sometimes themselves referred to as "cryptographic protocols", like the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) which uses what is known as the Diffie-Hellman key exchange, Diffie-Hellman may be seen as a complete cryptographic protocol in itself for other applications.

Examples 
 Diffie-Hellman key exchange
 Internet Key Exchange
 IPsec
 Kerberos V5

Related pages
 Secure channel

Other websites 
 Secure protocols open repository

Cryptography
Religious persecution means unfair treatment of a particular group of people because of their religion. It aims at forcing the religious to go away or give up their religion. "Persecution" comes from a Latin word meaning "chase", and usually meant chasing someone in order to kill them. In later centuries the term was applied to other actions. Religious persecution may occur in the following forms:

violence, including pogroms
social discrimination 
not giving a job to a person because of his religion

Incidents of persecution are periodically reported in many countries. For example in case of India, the United States Department of State in its annual human rights report for 2006 noted attacks against the people of religious groups who are small in number. State Department's annual reports on religious freedom for 2007 expressed concern over organized societal attacks against religious minority in India. Some state governments in India have been accused of not effectively prosecuting those who attack religious minorities. In Iran, Bahá'í Faith is banned.

Types
When the term "religious cleansing" is used, it usually means when a group of people is removed from a certain area. In classical antiquity, religious cleansing was usually done because of economic and political reasons. Sometimes there were also ethnic reasons.

Related pages 
 Antisemitism
 Freedom of religion 
 Persecution of Christians
 Persecution of Muslims
 Religious violence

References 

Religious violence
Discrimination
Persecution of Christians is treating Christians unfairly based on their religion. This can mean using violence against them or putting them in prison. Persecution of Christians exists in many countries which include India, Iran, Pakistan, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Burma, Lebanon, Syria, Sri Lanka etc.

Related pages
 Religious persecution

Ancient Christianity
Discrimination
Christian behavior and experience
Religious violence
Religious violence means the religiously-motivated killing and/or injuring of people of one religion by people of another region.

The September 11 attacks are an example of religious mass-killing. In India, incidents of attacks by hindu-nationalists upon christians have periodically occurred since independence. The United States Department of State in its annual human rights report for 2006 noted attacks against the people of religious groups who are small in number. State Department's annual reports on religious freedom for 2007 expressed concern over organized societal attacks against religious minority in India. Some state governments in India have been accused of not effectively prosecuting those who attack religious minorities.

References
Telugu Cinema (Telugu: తెలుగు సినీపరిశ్రమ), means movies and movie-making in the Telugu language. Another word for Telugu Cinema is Tollywood. This is portmanteau made of the words "Telugu" and "Hollywood".

Tollywood movies are produced in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana  states in the Republic Of India.

Related pages
 Bollywood ("Indian Hollywood" - Hindi, Urdu and Marathi cinema)
 Jollywood (Sanskrit cinema)
 Lollywood (Pakistani cinema)
 Mollywood (Malayalam cinema)
 Hollywood

Cinema of India
Oriya Film Industry or Ollywood refers to the Bhubaneswar and Cuttack based Oriya film industry in the Republic of India. The origins of that name are disputed, called Ollywood a portmanteau of the words Odia and Hollywood.

Cinema of India
Livadeia is a Greek town. It is in the district of Voiotia in central Greece and its population is 21.385. Livadeia is the capital of Voiotia and it is built on a plane, near Kopaida plane. The distance between Athens and Livadeia is 136 km. North of livadeia is mountain Parnassos and west of Livadeia is mountain Elikonas. In the east and south of Livadeia is the plane of Kopaida. Near Livadeia there is Orchomenos and Cheronia which are historical places.

History of Livadeia 

In antiquity, Livadeia was one of the Boeotian towns. Boeotians were an ancient Greek tribe which was a branch of the Dorian tribe. In Livadeia there was an oracle which was known by the name Trofonion. The Trofonion oracle was very important, although not as important as the Delphi oracle which was located nearby in the north. During the Middle Ages Livadeia was an insignificant town until about the thirteenth century when it became the capital of the Catalonian knights' domain. The Catalonian knights had conquered central Greece when they defeated the Lombard knights in a battle. Later, during the 15th century, the district was conquered by the Ottomans.
During the Ottoman period, Livadeia became an important town of central Greece. There was a castle and a guard was posted in it. The residents were all with Greek origin. Later during the Greek revolution of 1821 against the Turks, Livadeia played a significant role. Livadeia was liberated in 1830 when Greece became an independent state.

Sights of Livadeia 
The most interesting sight of Livadeia is the springs of Krya. These springs are in the edge of the town and they are very beautiful. A river start from these springs whose name is Erkyna. In Livadeia there are some old beautiful houses and an old big clock above the town.

Municipality of Livadeia 
Livadeia is a capital of the Livadeia's municipality. In this municipality, apart from Livadeia belong the villages Romeiko, Lafysti, Tsoukalades and Zeriki.

Cities in Greece
{{Infobox Album
| name = Live! Live! Live!
| type = live
| artist = Bryan Adams
| cover = 
| released = 1988
| recorded = July 3, 1988
| genre = Rock
| length = 69:40
| label = A&M Records
| producer = Bryan Adams
| Reviews        =
Allmusic  link
| prev_title = Into the Fire(1987)
! Live! Live!(1988)
| next_title = Waking Up the Neighbours(1991)
}}Live! Live! Live!''''' is a live album released by Bryan Adams in 1988.

Track listing

References 

1988 albums
Bryan Adams albums
A&M Records albums
Anthology is a compilation album by Canadian singer-songwriter Bryan Adams which contains songs he recorded from 1978 through 2005. The two disc set includes songs from 1980–2005. A third disc which was a DVD live concert which was recorded in mid 2005 called "Live in Lisbon" was included in North America for a limited time. All the songs are in chronological order of their release, except the last song on the first disc on the North American edition, which was released in 1999. The album's enclosed booklet has notes about the process of the recordings and the credits for each track.

Release and reception 
Anthology co-produced by Adams, Robert Lange and Bob Clearmountain, peaked at number 65 on the Billboard 200. The album was released on October 18, 2005 and features songs like "Heat of the Night", and "Summer of '69". Anthology peaked at 4 on the Canadian Album Chart 29 on the UK Albums Chart and was certified two times platinum in Canada and gold in the UK.

Version differences 
On the first disc, the North American edition has "The Best of Me" as the last track, while the International edition moved the song to the 2nd disc, and had "All I Want Is You" instead.

On the second disc, The North American edition has two songs from his Album Room Service and a new recorded version of "When You're Gone" with Pamela Anderson, while the International edition has the Chicane song "Don't Give Up" in place of Chicane's remix of "Cloud Number Nine", and a new song "I'm Not the Man You Think I Am" (from the movie Colour Me Kubrick), and the original version of "When You're Gone" with Mel C. instead.

Track listing

Disc one

Disc two

Personnel
Bryan Adams - rhythm guitar, vocals, co-producer
Keith Scott - lead guitar
Tommy Mandel - Hammond organ
Dave Taylor - bass
Mickey Curry - drums
Phil Nicholas - keyboards and programming
Robbie King   - Hammond organ
Bill Payne - piano and Hammond organ
Larry Klein - bass
Ed Shearmur - keyboards
The Tuck Back Twins - background vocals

References 

Bryan Adams albums
2005 albums
Compilation albums
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron is a 2002 animated movie about a horse attempting to return home. It was made by DreamWorks Animation.

2002 animated movies
American animated movies
American family movies
Movies about animals
English-language movies
DreamWorks Animation movies
DreamWorks Pictures movies
Movies directed by Kelly Asbury
Rush is a Canadian rock band originally formed in August 1968, in the Willowdale neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, currently comprised of bassist, keyboardist, and lead vocalist Geddy Lee, guitarist Alex Lifeson, and drummer and songwriter Neil Peart. The band and its membership went through a number of changes between 1968 and 1974, achieving their definitive form when Neil Peart replaced original drummer John Rutsey in July 1974.

The band released its self-titled debut album in March 1974, after which followed 18 additional studio recordings, 8 live albums and 6 compilations. As a group, Rush has made 24 gold records and 14 platinum (3 multi-platinum) records. According to the RIAA, Rush's number of sales place them fourth behind The Beatles, The Rolling Stones and Aerosmith for the most  gold or platinum albums one after another by a rock band. Rush also ranks 78th in U.S. album sales with 25 million items sold. Although total worldwide album sales are not calculated by any single person or group, as of 2004 some people guessed that Rush's total worldwide album sales is over 40 million items sold.

Discography

Studio albums

Music videos

Promos

Video albums

Solo albums
All chart positions are U.S. Billboard 200 unless otherwise stated.

US Certification Criteria - Albums: G = 500,000 , P = 1 million, M=Multiplatinum. For example, M(2) = 2 million
 Other formats have different criteria, see RIAA Certification Criteria

References

Other websites
 Power Windows: A Tribute to Rush
 Cygnus-X1.Net: A Tribute to Rush
 Billboard
 Official Rush website

Discographies
BBC Children in Need is a British charity appeal. It is run by the BBC. It takes place every year in November. The appeal has raised over £1 billion since it started in 1980.

Overview 

Children in Need has been given one evening on BBC One every year since 1980. Events aimed at raising money for charities working with children in the UK were shown. In 2007 over £39 million was raised. £19 million was raised on the programme. In 2008, nearly £22 million was raised on the night. The BBC also broadcast local fundraising events on the radio stations and regional television channels. The programme's mascot is called 'Pudsey', or 'Pudsey Bear'. It is a yellow teddy bear with a bandage over one eye. It was first seen in 1985. Pudsey and the Children in Need Logo were changed in 2007. Children in Need became a registered charity in 1989.

.Most of the money raised by the appeal comes from people who may have raised it themselves by taking part in sponsored events. A popular event is to sit in a bath of baked beans. Lots of companies also donate money or benefits. In the past, HSBC have helped with banking and BT have helped with the donation call centres and phone lines. On the night of the seven-hour long television programme lots of celebrities appear to support the cause and ask for donations. Various performances are often given, including sketches and musical numbers. There are also featurettes that show what the money is used for. Celebrities that appear are from both the BBC's own programmes, and also from the rival ITV network. They often appear in character and on the sets of their own programmes. One of the most popular features has been a musical number by the BBC newsreaders. In 2006 they had a "James Bond" theme, and in 2008 it was a "Mamma Mia!" one. The stars of newly opened West End musicals also perform songs from their shows later in the evening, after the 'curtain call' of the actual show performance for that evening. The total is also show on a screen about every hour. The presenters always accompany this with the phrase "every penny counts" to help to push the total beyond that of the previous year.

Most of the British public support Children in Need, but some have a different view. They say that showing children on television as victims, many of which are disabled, is unfortunate and counter-productive. Changes in society will be better for such children than money and sympathy.

Money that is given to Children in Need is used in lots of ways. When the appeal for the year closes, the money is given to organisations that help children that are at the age of 18 and under. The children that are helped often have mental, physical or sensory disabilities, or have behavioural or psychological disorders. Others live in poverty or deprivation, and some are living in distress, are sexually abused or just neglected. These children are in need of some help and children in need provides a basis for that help.

References

BBC Television programmes
Charity events
English-language television programs
"Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?" is a 1995 song written by Bryan Adams, Michael Kamen and Robert John "Mutt" Lange for the movie Don Juan DeMarco. The melody is used as a musical motif throughout the movie, and the song is featured three times in the movie, twice performed by other artists in Spanish, and finally performed by Adams himself during the closing credits.  The Adams version of the song, which features flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucia, is featured on the soundtrack album and also on the album 18 Til I Die. It was at number one for five weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, making it the third number one song for the songwriting team, and went on to earn them their second Oscar nomination.

Various women's groups contacted Adams when the song became popular, which led to his publishing a series of books of photos, with all proceeds going to breast cancer research.

Artists who have covered this song 
 Jose Hernandez and Nydia, whose Spanish-language duet is featured in Don Juan DeMarco
 Chitãozinho & Xororó translated to "Um Homem Quando Ama" (from "Chitãozinho & Xororó) PolyGram, 1995
 Il Divo translated to "Un Regalo Que Te Dio La Vida" (from "Siempre") RCA, 2006
 Pedro Fernandez translated to "La Mujer Que Amas" (from "Pedro Fernandez") Polygram Mexico, 1995.
 Highway 101 and Paulette Carlson (from "Reunited"), Willow Tree Records, 1996.
 James Last (from "Pop Symphnies 2") Instrumental version, Polydor Records, 1997.
 Linda Evangelista (from "Man to Woman: Men of Note Sing for a Cause"), PolyGram, 1998.
 Eric Hansen (from "Without Words" Flamenco 2001 and also "Nuevo Flamenco Romancero") Neurodisc, 2001.
 Rick Trevino on In My Dreams, 2003.

Track listings 
 CD single
 "Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?" — 4:52
 "Low Life" — 4:17

Certifications

Charts

References 

Bryan Adams songs
1995 songs
Pink Floyd are an English progressive rock band. Pink Floyd has released fourteen studio albums, three live albums, eight compilations, three soundtracks, thirty-five singles, eleven music videos,  four video albums and three box-sets.

Formed in 1964, Pink Floyd was first known for their psychedelic or space rock music and in later years their progressive rock music. They are known for philosophical lyrics, sonic experimentation, innovative cover art, and big live shows. One of rock music's most successful acts, the group have sold over 210 million albums worldwide, including 74.5 million albums in the United States alone.

Pink Floyd had moderate mainstream success and were one of the most popular bands in the London underground music scene in the late 1960s led by Syd Barrett; however, Barrett's decline in health would eventually forced his band members to replace him with guitarist and singer David Gilmour. After Barrett left the group Pink Floyd released Ummagumma. The album was released as a double disc, the first disc contained songs performed live the other disc contained the new studio recorded songs. Singer and bass player Roger Waters gradually became the leader of the band in the mid-1970s, until 1985 when he left the group. The band recorded several albums, achieving worldwide success with The Dark Side of the Moon (1973), Wish You Were Here (1975), Animals (1977), and The Wall (1979) with all of them topping the American record chart with the exception of Animals. The Dark Side of the Moon is the third best-selling studio album in the world (not counting compilations and various artists soundtracks).  In 1985, Waters stated that Pink Floyd was no more, but the remaining members, led by Gilmour, continued recording and touring under the name Pink Floyd. Waters sued the remaining members for the rights to the name, Waters lost and the band enjoyed worldwide success with A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) and The Division Bell (1994).

Studio albums

Live albums

Compilations

Box-sets

Extended plays

Singles 

a These singles would later appear on the Pink Floyd compilation The Early Singles.

Video albums

Music videos

References

Other websites 
 The Pink Floyd Archive 
 

Discography
Discographies
The Indus Valley Bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) is a large species of frog found in Pakistan and the Republic of India.

Related pages
 Frogs

Other websites

Frogs
Pahari-Pothwari is an Indo-Aryan language of Pakistan and India. It has many names, such as Pahari, Pothwari, Pothohari, Mirpuri. It is closely related to Punjabi, and some people believe it is a dialect of Punjabi. Within Pakistan, it is spoken in the Pothohar Plateau and Azad Kashmir. Within India, it is spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir.

References

Languages of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Chris Melling (born 21 September 1984, Ashton-in-Makerfield, Greater Manchester) is an English rugby league player.  He plays for Harlequins RL in the European Super League. Melling also plays on the Great Britain national rugby league team.

Chris Melling likes to play full-back. He can also play several other positions.

Wigan Warriors
Melling is a former Wigan Senior Academy captain who made several appearance for the Wigan first team.

In Super League 2004 it had seemed that Melling's career was in doubt following a serious knee injury suffered playing for Wigan against Leeds at Headingley. Melling had been seen as a future star before having his season ended by a cruciate ligament injury.

Upon his return to first team action in 2005 Chris made a further 10 first grade appearances for the JJB club before picking up another knee injury requiring further surgery.

Melling returned to full fitness in 2006, but found first team opportunities limited, due to the emergence of Chris Ashton at the club.

Chris Melling moved into the hooking role in Wigan's academy, impressing enough to be voted as the U'21 Academy 'Player of the Year' for 2006.

He left Wigan to pursue regular first team football.

Harlequins RL
Melling was initially signed as a back-up hooker to Chad Randall, however the Great Britain international has made full back position his own. He has been compared to Wade McKinnon with the youngster being defensively solid and dependable, with an eye for a gap bringing the ball out in attack.

His move to Harlequins RL was to have seen the youngster undergo a positional change with a move to hooker. He had been previously employed throughout the backline, with most of his first team appearances coming as an outside back.

Melling has impressed in 2007, starting games at full-back and throughout the backline and scoring four tries.

In May 2007 Chris Melling agreed to a new two-year deal with Harlequins Rugby League, midway through his first season at the Twickenham Stoop. This will keep Melling in the capital until 2009.

He is seen as the emerging star at the London club, with Harlequins RL investing in young British talent.

Representative Football
In June 2007 Melling was called up to the Great Britain squad and wore the number 1 shirt in the Test match against France.

Melling was joined in the Great Britain Test side by Quins teammate Paul Sykes.

Melling made his Great Britain debut in the 42-14 victory over the French on June 22nd 2007, despite carrying an injury.

Melling is also a youth level international for England.

Away from football
Melling is a qualified Physiotherapist after studying at the University of Central Lancashire in Preston, graduating in June 2006. Melling hopes to set up his own physiotherapy practise in the future.

References

Other websites
 Quins RL profile
 Always seems to be a lot of movement for the London club 
 Wigan Player Profile 
 Quins land young British trio
 Melling Kicks 10 goals
 Carney praises Wigan's young guns
 Wigan profile

 

1984 births
Living people
British rugby league players
Sportspeople from Greater Manchester
Odia (), formerly known as Oriya, is an Indo-Aryan language, mainly spoken in the Indian state of Odisha. The language is also an official language of India. There are about 33 million people who speak Odia.

Example 
A recording of India appeared on the screen. This is The first article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Odia:
ସବୁ ମନୁଷ୍ଯ ଜନ୍ମକାଳରୁ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ । ସେମାନଙ୍କର ମର୍ଯ୍ୟାଦା ଓ ଅଧିକାର ସମାନ । ସେମାନଙ୍କର ପ୍ରଜ୍ଞା ଓ ବିବେକ ନିହିତ ଅଛି । ସେମାନେ ପରସ୍ପର ପ୍ରତି ଭାତୃଭାବ ପୋଷଣ କରି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରିବା ଦରକାର ।

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

References

Indo-Aryan languages
Languages of India
The 1870 Atlantic hurricane season was a hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean. There weren't many storms in it.

Storms

Hurricane One

This hurricane was a "short lived" hurricane it's probably the only hurricane to last less than a day other than Hurricane Seven.

Hurricane Two

Tropical Storm Three

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Four

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Five

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Six

On October 5, a tropical storm formed south of Haiti. It moved west-northwest, becoming a hurricane south of Cuba on the 6th. The hurricane strengthened fast to its top winds of 115 mph before hitting Matanzas, Cuba on the 7th. After crossing the island, it moved slowly over the Florida Keys, causing 1200 more deaths there. It moved out to sea, last being seen on the 14th. The hurricane, known as the Hurricane of San Marcos or the Straits of Florida Hurricane, caused lots of flooding in Cuba and south Florida, resulting in 2000 deaths.

Hurricane Seven

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Eight

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Nine

On October 19 a Category 2 hurricane hit western Cuba. It crossed Florida, and caused 52 deaths. This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Ten

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane Eleven

This was another "short lived" storm.

Hurricane seasons, Atlantic
Atlantic hurricane seasons
Responsible government is a principle of some democratic governments. It is not the same as a government with responsibility. 
A responsible government is one in  which there is a degree of accountability towards parliament. There is also the fundamental concept of Bicameralism. For example, in the United Kingdom the accountability tends towards the Lower House (House of Commons), as the upper House (House of Lords) is not wholly elected. Thus, there is a better representation of those who voted for the government that holds the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty.

In the government of a country that uses responsible government, the leaders of the executive branch of government (called the cabinet) are also members of the legislature. Also, the cabinet must have the support of the majority of the legislature to stay in power. If it loses the support of the legislature, there will be an election or a different political party will make a new cabinet.

Countries that use responsible government usually have parliamentary systems of government. Some examples of countries that have responsible government are the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.

In countries that do not have responsible government, the cabinet and the legislature are each elected separately.  This system has more separation of powers than a system with responsible government. Some examples of countries that do not have a system of responsible government are the United States and France. 

Government
vistlip is a Japanese visual kei rock band. The band formed in 7 July 2007 and is currently signed to Delfi Sound and Marvelous Entertainment.

Members 
Tomo (born 13 January in Fukuoka Prefecture), singer
Yuh (born 28 July in Tokyo, Japan), guitarist
Umi (born 20 July in Tokyo), guitarist
Rui (born 15 November in Hyōgo Prefecture), bass guitarist 
Tohya (born 3 January in Kanagawa Prefecture), drummer

Discography

CD singles 
 Sara (3 September 2008)
 alo[n]e (8 October 2008)
 drop note. (5 November 2008)
 -OZONE- (5 August 2009)
 Strawberry Butterfly (12 May 2010)
 Hameln (7 July 2010)
 SINDRA (1 June 2011)
 Recipe (11 April 2012)
 B (4 July 2012)
 Shinkaigyo no yume wa shosen / Artist (31 October 2012)
 CHIMERA (3 April 2013)

Mini-album 
 Revolver (23 April 2008)
 Patriot (3 April 2009)
 GLOSTER (1 January 2013)

Full -album 
 Theater (9 December 2009)
 ORDER MADE (12 December 2012)
 CHRONUS (17 July 2013)

Tie-in

References

Other websites 

vistlip Official website
Marvelous Entertainment
Delfi Sound

Japanese rock bands
2000s music groups
Visual kei bands
Trang is the one of the southern provinces of Thailand. The province has an area about . It is located on the Andaman Sea, and contains 46 islands together with the mainland area. Most of the mainland area is hills. The important rivers that flows through the province, are the Trang River and Palian River. The rivers flow between the Khao Luang mountain range and the Khao Banthat mountain range.

Trang used to be a port involved in foreign trade and transportation. Trang was the first province in Thailand where rubber trees were planted. Governor Mahison Phakdi brought rubber from Malaysia and planted it here in 1899. Rubber is now considered an important product of Thailand.

The monsoon season on the Andaman Coast runs from June to September, when there are very big storms and a lot of rain. The province is driest during October to May.

In the past, Trang's name was Ta-Rang, a Malay name. The Thai people later shortened the name into one syllable.

Districts
The province is divided into ten districts (amphoe):

Mueng Trang
Kantang
Yan Ta Khao
Palian
Sikao
Huai Yot
Wang Wiset
Na Yong
Ratsada
Hat Samran

Other websites
History  on the Trang government website
Sukorn Island, Trang 

Provinces of Thailand
Joseph Nathaniel French, Sr. (October 24, 1888 – February 28, 1975) was an architect with Albert Kahn Associates, Inc. from 1914 to 1967. He was the chief architect for the Fisher Building in Detroit, Michigan.

Biography
He was born on October 24, 1888 in Boston, Massachusetts and attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and graduated in 1911. French first married Amie Gertrude Lathe (1885-1921) around 1912 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was put in charge of the last stages of construction on Henry Ford's Fairlane Manor in Dearborn, Michigan in 1913. In 1914 he started work for Albert Kahn Associates, Inc. in Detroit, Michigan, as a draftsman and then as an architect. By 1916 he was living at 2098 Woodward Avenue in Detroit. On June 10, 1921 his wife Amie died, and on June 8, 1926 he married Yolanda Christina Tandberg (1902-2003). Yolanda was the daughter of Thorvald Martin Tandberg (1874-1970) and Alvilde Marie Magdalene Naess (1875-1933) of Norway. She was 14 years younger than Joseph. They had several children including, Joseph Nathaniel French, Jr. While at Kahn he was chief architect for the Fisher Building in 1928. From 1930 to 1932 he worked at the Albert Kahn Associates, Inc. Moscow office with twenty-four other Kahn engineers and architects. One of his projects was the steel work of the General Motors Futurama building at the 1939 New York World's Fair. He worked on the design of the Chrysler plant near Kansas City. He died on February 28, 1975 in Livonia, Michigan. He was buried in Roseland Park Cemetery at 29001 Woodward Avenue, Berkley, Michigan.

References

Other websites
Joseph Nathaniel French at Findagrave

Joseph Nathaniel French at Familypedia

American architects
1888 births
1975 deaths
The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is Pink Floyd's first album. Many people think it is one of the most influential albums in history. It had a very big influence on the psychedelic rock scene of the time, and also on the music that people made afterward. It is the only Pink Floyd album with Syd Barrett as the leader, although Barrett was on some of the next album, A Saucerful of Secrets.

The lyrics for Piper were mostly written by Syd Barrett, and are often whimsical, playful, or childlike. The album has songs about space, scarecrows, gnomes, bicycles and fairytales. Some parts of the album, like "Interstellar Overdrive", are instrumental and have no singing on them.

Special limited editions of Piper were released to mark its 30th anniversary in 1997, and its 40th anniversary in 2007.

Track listing 
All songs written by Syd Barrett, except where noted.

British release

American release

40th Anniversary Edition

References 

Pink Floyd albums
Debut albums
1967 albums
Rock albums
"It's Only Love" is a hit rock duet recorded by Grammy Award winning singers Bryan Adams and Tina Turner. It was included on Bryan Adams' album Reckless and Tina Turner's live album Tina Live in Europe, as well as being added to both artists' greatest hits compilations: Adams' Anthology and Turner's All the Best. It reached number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the U.S. and number 29 in the UK. The 12" single included the 1985 live version that would later appear on the 1988 album Tina Live in Europe.

Chart performance 

Bryan Adams songs
1985 songs
Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an American-born Swiss singer-songwriter, actress, dancer and entertainer. Her success, dominance, popularity and consistent contributions to the rock music genre got her the title, "The Queen of Rock & Roll". She is known worldwide for her overpowering and energetic stage presence, powerful vocals, ground-breaking concerts as well as for her long, well-proportioned legs that are considered the most famous in show business.  

She was listed on Rolling Stone's list The Immortals – The Greatest Artists of All Time. Turner is a Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee, and she is also represented in the Grammy Hall of Fame by two of her recordings: "River Deep - Mountain High" (1999) and "Proud Mary" (2003). Turner has won eight Grammy Awards. She is a Buddhist.

Turner has been living in the lake house Château Algonquin in Küsnacht, near to Zürich, since 1994.

In April 2013, Turner became a Swiss citizen and renounced her American citizenship.

In 2013, three weeks after her wedding to Erwin Bach, she suffered a stroke and had to learn to walk again. 

In 2016, she was diagnosed with intestinal cancer. Turner used homeopathic remedies to treat her high blood pressure but caused kidney failure. Her chances of receiving a kidney were low, and she was urged to start dialysis. Turner wanted to commit assisted suicide, but her husband donated his kidney in April 2017.

References 

1939 births
Living people
Actors from Tennessee
African American actors
African-American singers
Organ transplant recipients
People with cancer
American Buddhists
American movie actors
American pop singers
American R&B singers
American rock singers
American dancers
American singer-songwriters
American autobiographers
American soul musicians
Swiss movie actors
Swiss singers
Swiss musicians
Grammy Award winners
Singers from Tennessee
Writers from Tennessee
Musicians from Tennessee
Singers from Missouri
Musicians from Missouri
Writers from Missouri
Actors from Missouri
People who lost citizenship
"Here I Am" is a song by Canadian singer Bryan Adams. The song was written and recorded in 2002 for the movie Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron and was both released on the soundtrack and as a single. The single reached #1 in Taiwan and Portugal. The song won a ASCAP Award and was nominated for Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.

Music video  
The music video is shot in the American wilderness and features Adams and several women living in the wilderness trying to survive from the thirst, snakes etc. As a reference to the movie a herd of horses is running through the wilderness. The video was directed by Mike Lipscombe and produced by Michael Pierce.

Track listing 
 "Here I Am" (End Title)
 "You Can't Take Me" - Alternate Version
 "Cloud Number Nine" - Live From Slane Castle
 "Here I Am" (Instrumental)

Bryan Adams songs