cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Endicott Peabody (February 15, 1920 – December 1, 1997) was an American politician. He was the 62nd Governor of Massachusetts from January 3, 1963 to January 7, 1965. Peabody was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts.

Peabody ran for the United States Senate of Massachusetts, but lost to Edward Brooke. He then ran for Vice President of the United States in 1972, but lost to Edmund Muskie. He then moved to New Hampshire where he ran for other political offices there, but always lost.

Peabody died in Hollis, New Hampshire from leukemia, aged 77.

References

Other websites
Official Governor of Massachusetts Governor Biography

1920 births
1997 deaths
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from leukemia
Disease-related deaths in New Hampshire
Governors of Massachusetts
People from Lawrence, Massachusetts
Politicians from New Hampshire
US Democratic Party politicians
The Stoa of Eumenes was a stoa on the Acropolis of Athens. The building was a gift to the city in about 160 BC, by Eumenes II of Pergamon. Today there are ruins of the stoa at the south part of the Acropolis, between the Odeon of Herodes Atticus and the Theatre of Dionysus. The stoa was found by the Archaeological Society of Athens in the years 18771878.

The building 

The stoa is 163 meters (535 ft) long today. New findings suggest that it was about 190 meters (623 ft) long in the past. About 160 BC part of the stoa was destroyed to build the Odeon of Herodes. The stoa was then connected to the Odeon. Vitruvius said that it was there to protect the viewers that waited outside the theater and to store things of the theater. The stoa was built like other buildings of Pergamon. The main material was marble from Asia Minor. Its parts were first built in Pergamon. Then they were transported to Athens. It had doric columns in the ground floor and ionic in the top floor. The columns inside were ionic and pergamine in both floors. The power and wealth of Eumenes' kingdom was growing. Eumenes was trying to expand his influence in the greek cities. So he gave gifts to Greek cities. One of them was his stoa in Athens. Attalus was the brother of Eumenes. He gifted a similar building to Athens, called Stoa of Attalus.

Notes

References
 
  .
 .

Other websites 
 Stoa of Eumenes in the Acropolis of Athens 

Buildings and structures in Athens
Ancient Athens
Stoas  are unique to Ancient Greek architecture. They were covered walkways or porticos, mainly for public use. Early stoas were open at the entrance with columns, usually of the Doric order, lining the side of the building. They were well suited for the mild climate of Greece.
 
Later buildings of this style had two floors. A roof supported the inner colonnades. On the second floor were shops or offices. They followed Ionic architecture. Merchants could sell their goods. Artists could display their artwork. Religious gatherings could take place. Stoas usually surrounded the marketplaces of large cities.

References 

Architecture
Ancient Greece
Hilda Sarah Bernard (born October 29, 1920) is a veteran Argentine actress. She was born in Puerto Deseado, Argentina. Bernard is known for her roles in Animalada, Chronicle of the Raven, and in Live-in Maid. Her career began in 1941.

Bernard was married to Horacio Jorge Goncalves and to Horacio Zelada, but both marriages ended in divorce. Bernard has a daughter, Patricia.

References

Other websites

Hilda Bernard at Flixster
.

1920 births
Living people
Argentine actors
Pepe Soriano (born José Carlos Soriano, on September 25, 1929) is a well-known Argentine actor and playwright. Soriano is known for his roles in Rebellion in Patagonia, Abuela, Asesinato en el Senado de la Nación, Funes, a Great Love, and in The Last Train.

Soriano was born and raised in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

References

Other websites
http://www.pepesorianoweb.com.ar/index.htm 
http://www.recursosculturales.com.ar/blog/?p=391 
Cine Nacional 

1929 births
Living people
Argentine movie actors
Argentine television actors
Actors from Buenos Aires
Argentine playwrights
Thích Nhất Hạnh (; October 11, 1926 – January 22, 2022) was a Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk, teacher, author, poet and peace activist who is considered by many to be the father of mindfulness. He lived in the Plum Village Monastery in the Dordogne region in the South of France. He was born in Thừa Thiên Huế province, Vietnam.

Works
He created the term Engaged Buddhism in his book Vietnam: Lotus in a Sea of Fire. A long-term exile, he was given permission to make his first return trip to Vietnam in 2005. Nhất Hạnh has published more than 100 books, including more than 40 in English. 

He believed that peace and joy is always accessible for all people. One way to discover that joy, is by what they call "mindful" meditation. Which is a type of meditation that concentrates on your breathing and embracing everything that comes up on your consciousness, without interpreting it with thought and critisism. But accompanying it with the great power of forgiveness, understanding and realisation of the present moment, which is also a very important point of reference in his teachings.

Health and death
On 11 November 2014, Nhất Hạnh was hospitalized with a severe brain hemorrhage.

Nhất Hạnh died on January 22, 2022 in Huế, Vietnam from problems caused by a stroke at the age of 95.

References

Other websites

1926 births
2022 deaths
Vietnamese people
Buddhist clergy
Deaths from stroke
Newport Beach is a city in Orange County, California, California. It is  south of downtown Santa Ana.  It became a city in 1906. The population was 85,287 at the 2010 census.

Climate
Newport Beach has a mid-latitude semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with Mediterranean (Csb) characteristics. Like many coastal cities in Los Angeles and Orange counties, Newport Beach exhibits weak temperature variation, both diurnally and seasonally, (however arctic like temperatures have been recorded every month of the year) compared to inland cities even a few miles from the ocean. The Pacific Ocean greatly moderates Newport Beach's climate by warming winter temperatures and cooling summer temperatures. Newport Beach does not receive enough precipitation to qualify as a true Mediterranean climate. 

The highest temperature ever recorded at Newport Beach between 1977 and 1996 was 32.7°C (90.9°F) on 12 August 1991 and the lowest was -17.3°C (0.9°F) on 15 January 1996.

References

Cities in California
Settlements in Orange County, California
1906 establishments in the United States
1900s establishments in California
Mack 10 (born August 9, 1971) is an American rap singer. He has sold almost 11 million records worldwide. He was a member of Westside Connection.

He was born in Los Angeles. He is of African American and Mexican descent.

References

Musicians from Los Angeles
Rap musicians from California
1971 births
Living people
Bryan Clarence Murray (December 5, 1942 – August 12, 2017) was a Canadian ice hockey general manager and former coach. He worked as the general manager of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL). 

Murray was also the general manager of the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, Florida Panthers and Detroit Red Wings. Murray also coached the Washington Capitals, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, and Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. Over his career, Murray has recorded over 600 victories in NHL regular season games and has taken his teams to the playoffs 12 times. 

His younger brother, Terry, was the general manager of the Los Angeles Kings. During his time with the Capitals, Murray was awarded the Jack Adams Award in 1983–84.

On July 21, 2012, Bryan along with his brother Terry and his nephew Tim, were inducted into the Shawville's Hockey Wall of Fame.

On November 13, 2014, Murray announced that he had Stage 4 colon cancer and that the cancer had spread to his liver and lungs. He said that "there is no cure for me at this point" and that he could have had the cancer for up to 10 years before it was detected. He died on August 12, 2017 at the age of 74.

References

Other websites 
Ottawa Senators profile

1942 births
2017 deaths
Canadian ice hockey coaches
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Jack Adams Award winners
Bram Stoker's Dracula is a 1992 American horror fantasy erotic drama movie. It was directed by Francis Ford Coppola and was produced by Francis Ford Coppola, Fred Fuchs and Charles Mulvehill. Bram Stoker's Dracula was released on November 13, 1992. The movie is based on the Bram Stoker novel, Dracula.

The movie gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 79% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Bram Stoker's Dracula was the winner of three Academy Awards. The awards were won for Best Costume Design, Best Sound Editing and Best Makeup. It was also nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration.

Cast 
 Gary Oldman as  Count Dracula/Vlad III the Impaler
 Winona Ryder as Mina Harker (née Murray) / Elisabeta
 Anthony Hopkins as Professor Abraham Van Helsing / Priest / Principal Narrator
 Keanu Reeves as Jonathan Harker
 Richard E. Grant as Dr. Jack Seward
 Cary Elwes as Sir Arthur Holmwood
 Billy Campbell as Quincey P. Morris
 Sadie Frost as Lucy Westenra
 Tom Waits as R. M. Renfield
 Monica Bellucci as Dracula's Bride
 Michaela Bercu as Dracula's Bride
 Florina Kendrick as Dracula's Bride
 Jay Robinson as Mr. Hawkins

References

Other websites 

1992 horror movies
Academy Award winning movies
American horror movies
Columbia Pictures movies
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in London
Évariste Galois (25 October 1811 – 31 May 1832) was a French mathematician. He died from a gunshot wound he received in a duel. Today, he is known for his theory about algebraic equations which is known as Galois theory.

References

 	

1811 births
1832 deaths
French mathematicians
Torgny Melins is a dansband in Säffle, Sweden. The band scored chart successes in Sweden by the mid-late 2000's. In 2006, the band played at the Hultsfred Festival. It meant they became the first dansband since Sven-Ingvars in 1991 to do so. The band has also played at the at the Arvika Festival. The band has also recorded Teddybears Stockholm songs on the 2006 album Dansbander. Tehy also recorded soundtrack music for the 2007 film "Snart är det lördag igen".

In May 2007, TV4 aired a documentary series about the band, Torgny Melins - från Säffle till Stureplan. In 2007, the band also recorded a duet with Kikki Danielsson, "Ska du gå din väg" , on the albm Allting som vi har.

The band also participated at Dansbandskampen 2009. There, they were one of the finalists.

In March 2011, the band annoucned they would take a break.

Discography

Albums
Torgny Melins - 1996
Torgny Melins 15 år - 1999
Dansbander - 2006
Allting som vi har - 2007
Dansbandsnatt - 2010

Singles 
Bortom allt - 2008

References 

Dansbands
Musical groups established in 1983
Marius Barnard (3 November 1927 – 14 November 2014) was a South African cardiac surgeon. He was the inventor of critical illness insurance. Barnard was a member of the South African parliament between 1980 and 1989. Barnard was born in Beaufort West, Western Cape. His brother was Christiaan Barnard.

Barnard died in Johannesburg, aged 87.

References

1927 births
2014 deaths
Afrikaner people
South African politicians
Surgeons
Miami Vice is an American television crime drama series. The show is about undercover cops detectives. Don Johnson played James Crockett.

The show began on September 16, 1984 and ended in January 25, 1990.

A movie version was released in 2006.

1984 American television series debuts
1990 disestablishments in the United States
1980s crime television series
1980s American drama television series
1980s American workplace television series
1990s crime television series
1990s American drama television series
1990s American workplace television series
American crime drama television series
American mystery television series
American police television series
American workplace drama television series
Detective television series
Miami, Florida in fiction
Television series set in Florida
English-language television programs
USA Network is an American television network. It is owned by NBCUniversal (which in turn is owned by Comcast).

USA Network began on September 8, 1971 as the Madison Square Garden Network. It was relaunched as USA Network on January 3, 1979.

USA airs original programming and reruns of network television programs. 
American television channels
1971 establishments in the United States
Nancy Walker (May 10, 1922 – March 25, 1992) was an American actress and comedienne. She acted on stage, in movies and on television. She played Nancy in the movie Best Foot Forward. She also made many guest appearances on The Mary Tyler Moore Show.

Walker was born in Philadelphia. She died from lung cancer at 69.

American television actors
American stage actors
American movie actors
Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1922 births
1992 deaths
The Mary Tyler Moore Show was an American sitcom. It was broadcast between September 1970 and March 1977. Mary Tyler Moore was the main star. She played Mary Richards, a single woman who moved to Minneapolis after being jilted.

Valerie Harper played Rhoda. Betty White played Sue Ann.

This show won Peabody, Golden Globe and Emmy Awards for the show and for its cast members.

1970s television series
1970 television series debuts
1977 television series endings
American sitcoms
Peabody Award winners
Emmy Award winning programs
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
The Super Mario Challenge was a show that aired on The Children's Channel. It last from September to December 20, 1991, and aired every day 4:30 PM, except for weekends.

Set up
The person who presented the show was John Lenahan. He was dressed and looked like Mario. Two players had to do jobs that called for playing the Mario video games Super Mario Bros., Super Mario Bros. 2, and Super Mario Bros. 3. Rounds are made up of tests to see who could end a level in the fastest time. The other object of the game was to see which contestant gets the most coins on a certain level. Winners of each round would get one to three "gold coins." Then whoever holds the most at the end of the show would move forward to the next stage of the competition. If both players had an equal number of gold coins, a single-level sudden death playoff decided who would go through.

Dropped
The show was dropped in 1991, quite a while before The Children's Channel changed to TCC. Link Anchor Man got many letters asking if the show would be done again, it never was.

Other websites
The Super Mario Challenge at UKGameshows.com

1990s television series
Robert Eugene Littell (January 9, 1936 – November 14, 2014) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. Littell was born in Orange, New Jersey.

He served as a member of the New Jersey State Senate from 1992 to 2008.  He represented the 15th Legislative District until 1982 and the 24th Legislative District. Before entering the Senate, he served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1968 to 1992 and the Franklin Borough Council from 1963 to 1965. He was a Delegate to the 1976 Republican National Convention.

Littell died in Franklin, New Jersey, aged 78.

References

1936 births
2014 deaths
People from Orange, New Jersey
Politicians from New Jersey
US Republican Party politicians
Morteza Pashaei ( 13 August 1984 – 14 November 2014) was an Iranian musician, composer and pop singer. He was born in Tehran, Iran. Pashaei was known for his albums Yeki hast, Gole Bita, and Esmesh Eshgheh.

On November 14, 2014, Pashaei died from stomach cancer in Tehran, Iran, aged 30.

References

1984 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
Iranian musicians
Iranian singers
Composers
People from Tehran
The Grandes de España are the highest ranking members of the Spanish nobility. Their ranks are made up of those nobles holding the most important historical landed titles in Spain. In the modern day, many of these titles overlap or are held by the same person. Strategic marriages have collected titles under certain noble houses over time.  

In the modern day, all Grandees have the status 'of the first class'. It implies neither privilege nor power.

An individual is a grandee if he or she holds a Grandeza de España, regardless of possession of a title of nobility. Normally, each grandeza is granted with a title, but this was not always the case. Also, a Grandeza de España is normally awarded along with every ducal title. Several members of both Spanish and French nobility were made Grandees also.

Address 
Grandees and their consorts are entitled to the style of The Most Excellent (, male, or , female; abbreviated as Excmo. Sr. or Excma. Sra.). In written form, their names are followed by the abbreviation G de E.

Examples 
Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba
Marc de Beauvau, Prince of Craon

References

Spanish royalty
It's A Very Merry Muppet Christmas Movie is a 2002 NBC Christmas television movie. It was directed by Kirk R. Thatcher and was produced by Warren Carr and Martin G. Baker. It's A Very Merry Muppet Christmas Movie was released on November 29, 2002. The movie stars The Muppets, Whoopi Goldberg, David Arquette, Matthew Lillard, Joan Cusack, and the cast of Scrubs. It is a homage to Frank Capra's 1946 movie, It's a Wonderful Life.

The movie gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 90% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The movie was nominated at the Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Music and Lyrics for the song "Everyone Matters".

Cast 
 David Arquette as Daniel
 Joan Cusack as Rachel Bitterman
 Matthew Lillard as Luc Fromage
 Whoopi Goldberg as The Boss
 William H. Macy as Glenn
 Mel Brooks as Joe Snow (voice)
 Chantal Strand as Nancy Nut-What
 Dave "Squatch" Ward as Sally Ann Santa Claus

Muppets
 Steve Whitmire as Kermit the Frog, Rizzo the Rat, Beaker
 Dave Goelz as The Great Gonzo, Dr. Bunsen Honeydew, Zoot, Waldorf
 Bill Barretta as Pepé the King Prawn, Swedish Chef, Johnny Fiama, Bobo the Bear, Lew Zealand, Howard Tubman, Rowlf the Dog
 Eric Jacobson as Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Yoda Muppet
 Kevin Clash as Sam Eagle (voice only)
 Brian Henson as Scooter, Janice, Sal Minella
 John Henson as Sweetums
 John Kennedy as Sam Eagle (puppetry only), Dr. Teeth
 Jerry Nelson as Robin the Frog, Pops, Floyd Pepper, Announcer, Statler
 Allan Trautman as Joe Snow (puppetry only), Eugene the Tuba Player

Cameos
 Zach Braff as Himself/Dr. John "J.D." Dorian
 Sarah Chalke as Herself/Dr. Elliot Reid
 Carson Daly as Himself
 Snoop Dogg as Himself (scene deleted)
 Neil Flynn as Himself/Janitor
 Bill Lawrence as Himself
 John C. McGinley as Himself/Dr. Perry Cox
 Judy Reyes as Herself/Nurse Carla Espinosa
 Kelly Ripa as Herself
 Joe Rogan as Himself
 Molly Shannon as Herself
 Robert Smigel as Triumph, the Insult Comic Dog

References

Other websites 
Official website 

2002 movies
2000s family movies
2002 comedy movies
American family movies
American comedy movies
American television movies
Christmas movies
English-language movies
Sequel movies
Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure is a 2009 American computer-animated comedy adventure movie. It was directed by Klay Hall and was produced by Sean Lurie. Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure was released on October 27, 2009. The movie is a sequel to the 2008 movie, Tinker Bell.

Cast 
 Mae Whitman as Tinker Bell
 Jesse McCartney as Terence
 Jane Horrocks as Fairy Mary
 Lucy Liu as Silvermist
 Raven-Symoné as Iridessa
 Kristin Chenoweth as Rosetta
 Angela Bartys as Fawn
 Rob Paulsen as Bobble, Grimsley and Mr. Owl
 Jeff Bennett as Clank, Fairy Gary and Leech
 Grey DeLisle as Lyria, Viola, and the Narrator
 John DiMaggio as Redleaf
 Eliza Pollack Zebert as Blaze
 Bob Bergen as Bugs and Creatures
 Roger Craig Smith as Bolt, a pixie-dust keeper and Stone, a pixie-dust keeper
 Allison Roth as French Fairy
 Thom Adcox-Hernandez as Flint
 Anjelica Huston as Queen Clarion

References

Other websites 
Official website

2009 movies
American animated movies
Disney animated movies
Disney direct-to-video movies
English-language movies
Sequel movies
Kim Ja-ok (October 11, 1951 – November 16, 2014) was a South Korean actress. Kim was born in Busan, South Korea. She was known for her roles in Like Land and Sky, My Tutor Friend, Jeni, Juno, The Righteous Thief, and in Nobody's Daughter Haewon.

Ja-ok died in Seoul, South Korea from lung cancer, aged 63.

References

Other websites
 

1951 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
South Korean movie actors
South Korean television actors
Lieutenant General Lincoln D. Faurer (February 7, 1928 – November 7, 2014) was an American lieutenant general. He served as the director of the National Security Agency and chief of the Central Security Service from 1981 to 1985.

Faurer died on November 7, 2014 in McLean, Virginia, aged 86.

References

1928 births
2014 deaths
American military people
People from Massachusetts
Lucien Clergue (; August 14, 1934 – November 15, 2014) was a French photographer. He was Chairman of the Academy of Fine Arts, Paris for 2013. Clergue was born in Arles, France.

Clergue died in Nîmes, France from a long illness, aged 80.

References

Other websites

1934 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in France
French photographers
People from Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur
Janis Carter (born Janis Elinore Dremann, October 10, 1913 – July 30, 1994) was an American actress. She acted on the stage, in movies, and on television. She appeared in over 30 movies during her career. She played Dorothy Anderson in the movie One Mysterious Night. She also played Peggy in Miss Grant Takes Richmond.

Carter was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She died in Durham, North Carolina after having a heart attack at age 80.

People from Durham, North Carolina
American television actors
American stage actors
American movie actors
Actors from Cleveland, Ohio
Deaths from myocardial infarction
1913 births
1994 deaths
American television personalities
Disease-related deaths in North Carolina
Adib Domingos Jatene (June 4, 1929 – November 14, 2014) was a Brazilian physician, university professor, cardiologist and thoracic surgeon. He was one of the founders of the University of São Paulo Heart Institute. He was known for creating the Jatene operation. Jantene was born in Xapuri, Brazil.

Jantene became Secretary of Health of the city of São Paulo and later Minister of Health of Brazil for both the Fernando Collor de Mello and Fernando Henrique Cardoso administrations. He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Medicine. He published over 270 scientific academic studies.

Jatene died on November 14, 2014 of a heart attack in São Paulo, Brazil, aged 85.

Related pages
List of Brazilian scientists

References

1929 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Brazilian politicians
Brazilian writers
Civil servants
Brazilian physicians
Brazilian educators
A bay is a large body of water. It is in the land next to a sea or lake between two headlands. Canada is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Arctic Ocean. There are also hundreds of lakes larger than 100 km2 (38.6 sq mi). Canada is also the second largest country by area. All of these factors mean that Canada has hundreds of bays.

Some of the large bays in Canada are:
Baffin Bay
Hudson Bay
James Bay

Related pages
List of Canadian Bay articles on this Wikipedia

Canada-related lists
The Kamchatka Peninsula (, poluostrov Kamchatka) is a peninsula in eastern Russia. It is  long. It covers about  between the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk.

Kamchatka has the Volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

References

.
Kamchatka in Full Circle with Michael Pailin. BBC tv.

Other websites

UNESCO World Heritage Site profile

Geography of Russia
Peninsulas
{{Infobox Album
| name = Laugh Now, Cry Later
| type = studio
| artist = Ice Cube
| cover = 
| released = June 9, 2006
| recorded = 2005–2006
| genre = West Coast hip hop, gangsta rap
| length = 64:51
| language = English
| label = Lench Mob (U.S.)72914 (CD)
| producer = Ice Cube (exec.), Lil Jon, Scott Storch, The Hitmen, Swizz Beatz, DJ Green Lantern, Emile, Warren G, Hallway Productionz, Bud'da, Sketch, Laylaw & D-Mac
| Reviews     = 
| prev_title = War & Peace Vol. 2 (The Peace Disc)(2000)
, Cry Later(2006)
| next_title = Raw Footage(2008)
}}Laugh Now, Cry Later' is the seventh studio album by American rapper, Ice Cube. Laugh Now, Cry Later was released on June 9, 2006 through Lench Mob Records. It was the first album that was released through his independently owned record label. It is also Ice Cube's first studio album in six years.

The album debuted at #4 on the Billboard 200. Laugh Now, Cry Later'' was certified Gold by the RIAA which is uncommon for an album that was released through an independent label.

Songs

References

Other websites

2006 albums
Hip hop albums
Girl Meets World is an American coming of age sitcom. The show first aired on Disney Channel on June 27, 2014, and ended on January 20, 2017. It followed the premiere of the Disney Channel Original Movie, Zapped. Girl Meets World is a sequel to the sitcom Boy Meets World. The original show aired on ABC in its TGIF block from 1993 to 2000. On August 6, 2014, Girl Meets World was renewed for a second season by Disney Channel.

Plot
The show follows Cory and Topanga Matthews' daughter Riley (Rowan Blanchard) and her best friend, Maya Hart (Sabrina Carpenter) as they go through the challenges of life as they start seventh grade. The show also features their classmates Lucas (Peyton Meyer) and Farkle (Corey Fogelmanis), and Riley's younger brother Auggie (August Maturo). The show is set in New York City where Cory and Topanga moved to in the Boy Meets World series finale.

Series overview

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites

 
 
 

2010s American television series
2014 American television series debuts
American sitcoms
Disney Channel shows
Television series about families
Television series by Disney
Television series set in New York City
English-language television programs
Queensland Rail (often shortened to QR) is a railway company that operates a number of trains in Queensland, Australia. It is also responsible for a maintaining certain railway tracks. It is owned by the government.

1860s establishments in Australia
1865 establishments
Train operating companies
Companies of Australia
Rail transport in Australia
Brisbane
Tievebaun Mountain (, meaning "grassy slope") is a mountain in County Leitrim, Republic of Ireland. The height of the mountain is . The mountain is known for its cliffs. The main summit of the mountain is named "Eagles Rock".

Tievebaun Mountain is the third highest mountain in the Dartry Mountains range.
It is the second highest mountain in County Leitrim.

References

Mountains of Europe
County Leitrim
Marie Thérèse de Bourbon (1666 – 1732) was briefly the titular (in title only) Queen consort of Poland in 1697. She was the daughter of Henri Jules, Prince of Condé and of Anne Henriette of Bavaria. As a member of France's reigning House of Bourbon, she was a Princess of the blood. She was entitled to be addressed as Her/Your Serene Highness.

Life
She was married to François Louis, Prince of Conti. After her husband's death, she turned her attention to the renovation of the Conti residences. She began with the Hôtel de Conti. It is now called the Ministère de l'artisanat, 80 rue de Lille, Paris 7e. She commissioned Robert de Cotte, Premier Architecte du Roi, to do the work.

Marie Thérèse died on 22 February 1732 at the Hôtel de Conti. Her death was probably due to the syphilis she may have caught from her husband. She was buried at the Église Saint-André des Arcs, in L'Isle d'Adam.

Issue
 Marie Anne de Bourbon (18 April 1689 - 21 March 1720) married her cousin Louis Henri de Bourbon, Duke of Bourbon but had no children.
 Unnamed child (18 November 1693 - 22 November 1693) died young.
  Unnamed son but given the title of Prince de La Roche-sur-Yon. (1 December 1694 - 25 April 1698) died young.
 Louis Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (10 November 1695 - 4 May 1727) married Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon and had children.
 Louise Adélaïde de Bourbon (2 November 1696 – 20 November 1750) died unmarried.
 Unamed daughter known as Mademoiselle d'Alais (19 November 1697 - 13 August 1699) died young.
 Louis François de Bourbon, Count of Alais (27 July 1703 - 21 January 1704) died young.

Titles and styles

1 February 1666 – 22 January 1688 Her Serene Highness Mademoiselle de Bourbon
22 January 1688 – 9 February 1709 Her Serene Highness The Princess of Conti
9 February 1709 – 22 February 1732 Her Serene Highness The Dowager Princess of Conti

References

Other websites
 Marie Thérèse de Bourbon

1666 births
1733 deaths
People from Paris
House of Bourbon
Princes and princesses
Edith Elizabeth Enke, also known as Edie Adams (April 16, 1927 – October 15, 2008), was an American business woman, singer, actress and comedienne. She won several Tony and Emmy Awards for her acting. She played Eileen Sherwood in the Broadway play Wonderful Town.<ref>William A. Everett; Paul R. Laird, The A to Z of the Broadway Musical (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Group, 2009), p. 2</ref> She also played Miss Olsen in the movie The Apartment''.

Adams was born in Kingston, Pennsylvania. She was married to Ernie Kovacs from 1954 until his death in 1962. She died from pneumonia and cancer at age 81 in Los Angeles.

References 

American television actors
American stage actors
American movie actors
Comedians from Pennsylvania
Actors from Pennsylvania
1927 births
2008 deaths
Emmy Award winning actors
Tony Award winning actors
Vampire in Brooklyn (also known as Wes Craven's Vampire in Brooklyn) is a 1995 American horror comedy movie. It was directed by Wes Craven and was produced by Eddie Murphy and Mark Lipsky. Vampire in Brooklyn was released on October 27, 1995. It was the final movie that was produced under Paramount Pictures since Eddie Murphy's contract ran out.

The movie gained negative reviews from critics and holds a 10% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. During an interview with Rolling Stone, Murphy said why Vampire in Brooklyn was a failure. He was quoted as saying "The only way I was able to do Nutty Professor and to get out of my Paramount deal, I had to do Vampire in Brooklyn. But you know what ruined that movie? The wig. I walked out in that longhaired wig and people said, 'Oh, get the fuck out of here! What the hell is this?'"

Cast 
 Eddie Murphy as Maximillian/Preacher Pauley/Guido
 Angela Bassett as Detective Rita Veder
 Allen Payne as Detective Justice
 Kadeem Hardison as Julius Jones
 John Witherspoon as Silas Green
 Zakes Mokae as Dr. Zeko
 Joanna Cassidy as Captain Dewey
 W. Earl Brown as Police Officer
 Simbi Khali as Nikki

References

Other websites 

1995 comedy movies
1995 horror movies
American comedy movies
American horror movies
Comedy horror movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Wes Craven
Movies set in Brooklyn
Paramount movies
Vampires in movies
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Middle English: Sir Gawayn and þe Grene Knyȝt) is a late 14th-century Middle English chivalric romance. It is one of the most notable Arthurian stories. It is known as the "beheading game". 
The story is  written in stanzas of alliterative verse. Each stanza ends in a rhyming bob and wheel.

Plot 
At a New Year's Day feast in Camelot, a huge green man rides in on a green horse carrying a large axe. He issues a challenge to any who dares to accept. He challenges any knight to strike him with his axe, if he will take a return blow in a year and a day. 

Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur's Round Table, accepts the challenge. Gawain beheads the Green Knight with his blow. Then the Green knight stands up and picks up his head. He says:
"Take heed, Sir Gawain, that thou art ready to go and seek me till thou find me as thou hast promised in this hall with these knights as witnesses. To the green chapel thou shalt come to receive such a blow as thou hast given, on New Year's morning. And many know me as the Knight of the Green Chapel. Fail not, then, to seek me until thou findest me; therefore come thou, or recreant shalt thou be called". transl. Ernest J. B. Kirtlan. 

Having reminded Gawain of the appointed time, the Green Knight  rides off. In his struggles to keep his bargain, Gawain sets off on his search. His honour is called into question several times. Gawain avoids several trials on his way. Finally he meets the Lady Bertilak, who tries to seduce him. He avoids this, but accepts a gift from her. He is bound to give the gift back to his host (who actually is the Green Knight in another form). When the day comes for the Green Knight to strike, Gawain kneels... When the Green Knight strikes, he nicks Gawain's neck, but otherwise Gawain is unhurt. The Green Knight explains that the nick is payment for Gawain's only fault, keeping the small gift.

The Green Knight is thought by some to be the Green Man of folklore, and by others to represent Satan.

References

Other websites

Online texts
 High-resolution, full-sized scan of entire manuscript
 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight at Archive.org
 The poem in Middle English
 Various free audiobook versions of the poem from LibriVox
 Google Books results

General information
 The Gawain/Pearl Poet from the University of Calgary
 The Camelot Project Info on Sir Gawain
 Luminarium SGGK Website
 Oxford Bibliographies: Bibliography on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
 BBC documentary tour of locations thought to be found in the poem... Holywell, the River Mersey, the 'Wild Wirral', the Peak District, the Roaches, and Lud Chapel

British poems
Works based on the Arthurian legend
Peter Kassig (c. 1988 – c. November 16, 2014) was an American aid worker. He was the fifth Western hostage killed by Islamic State (IS). Kassig was captured near Deir Ezzour, Syria. He was on his way to deliver medical supplies and food to poor Syrians. 

On November 16, 2014, IS posted a video showing Jihadi John standing over a severed head but no beheading act. The White House confirmed the person killed was Kassig. Kassig was 26 years old.

References

1988 births
2014 deaths
American people murdered abroad
Humanitarians
Kidnapped American people
Murders by blade weapons
People from Indianapolis, Indiana
Sik Kok Kwong, GBM GBS (16 May 1919 – 16 November 2014) was a Tiantai Buddhist monk from Hong Kong. He was the first president of the Hong Kong Buddhist Association. He was also the Honorary Vice-President of the World Buddhist Sangha Council, a member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee, and a Hong Kong Affairs Advisor.

Kwong died in Happy Valley, Hong Kong, aged 95.

References

1919 births
2014 deaths
Buddhist clergy
Chinese people
Monks
Jadwiga Piłsudska-Jaraczewska (28 February 1920 – 16 November 2014) was a Polish pilot and architect. She served in the Air Transport Auxiliary during the Second World War. She is the one of two daughters of Marshal and Naczelnik Józef Piłsudski. She was born in Warsaw, Poland.

Piłsudska died on 16 November 2014 in Warsaw at the age of 94.

References

Other websites

1920 births
2014 deaths
Architects
Aviators
People from Warsaw
World War II people
Eugene Borisovich Dynkin (; May 11, 1924 – 14 November 2014) was a Soviet-American mathematician. He worked most in probability and algebra. Dynkin especially worked in semisimple Lie groups, Lie algebras, and Markov processes. The Dynkin diagram, the Dynkin system, and Dynkin's lemma are named for him. Before his death, Dynkin was a mathematician at Cornell University.

Dynkin died at his home in Ithaca, New York, aged 90.

References

1924 births
2014 deaths
Educators from New York
American mathematicians
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Scientists from Saint Petersburg
Russian mathematicians
Scientists from New York
People from Ithaca, New York
The hypodermic needle model (also known as the magic bullet theory or the direct effects model) is an early theory of mass communications. The theory stated that the mass media had direct influence over audiences by injecting their minds with information. According to this theory media messages are powerful forces and audiences are powerless to resist them. The theory was popular during the 1940s and 1950s. Ideas about the power of the mass media were based on historical events. One was the role played by the Hearst Newspapers in getting public support for the Spanish-American War. Another was the powerful Nazi propaganda campaigns by Joseph Goebbels in World War II. Still another was the idea of a powerful Madison Avenue advertising influence on consumer buying and voting. Later researchers determined the theory was just too simple and too general to be accurate.

Most modern media scholars think the theory is mostly false. However, many Americans still believe the mass media has unlimited power to control people's minds. In effect they believe the myth that if the mass media tells people to jump, the only question will be how high.

References 

Media in the United States
Cepheus is a constellation in the northern sky.

Deep-sky objects
 NGC 6946
 NGC 7538
 Cave nebula
 Iris nebula

Famous Stars
 Alpha Cephei
 Delta Cephei
 T Cephei
 MY Cephei
 Mu Cephei
 V354 Cephei
 RW Cephei
 VV Cephei A and B

References

Other websites

Constellations
Sculptor is a constellation in the southern sky.

Deep-sky objects
 Cartwheel galaxy
 Silver Coin galaxy

Constellations
Scutum is a constellation in the southern sky.

Stars
 Alpha Scuti
 Delta Scuti
 R Scuti
 Stephenson 2-18, one of the largest stars known.
 * UY Scuti, another one of the largest stars known.
Constellations
Virgo is a zodiac constellation which lies on the celestial equator. It is between Leo (at west) and Libra (at east).This constellation is large; the constellation is the second biggest constellation you can see on the sky. Legends say Virgo is Astraea.

What you can see there 

Virgo's most briliant and important star is Spica (α Virginis). This star helps to see Virgo. Other important stars are Zavijava (β Virginis), Porrima (ν Virginis) or Auva, also called Minelava.

Deep-sky notable objects
Because there is a galaxy cluster (the Virgo cluster) within its borders, this constellation is especially rich in galaxies.
 Messier 87, one of the biggest elliptical galaxies discovered, with a supermassive black hole, the first black hole imaged.
 Messier 49, The brightest galaxy in the Virgo Cluster
 NGC 4526, with NGC 4984. They are lenticular galaxies .
 Eliptical galaxies M59 and M60. M60 has a partner to the north (NGC 4647).
 Quasar 3C 273, very difficult to see.
IC 1101, one of the largest galaxies known.

Constellations
Pisces is a constellation located on the celestial equator.

Deep-sky objects
 Messier 74
 NGC 488
 NGC 520

Constellations
Pieter Willem Botha (12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006) was a South African politician. He is commonly known as P. W. Botha, and often called Die Groot Krokodil (which translates to The Great Crocodile).

Botha was the last Prime Minister of the country. In 1984 the office was abolished. After that he served as the first State President. During his political career, he was an opponent of Majority rule and Communism.

When he was first elected to parliament in 1948, he was against black majority rule. In 1992, there was a referendum to allow black majority rule. In that referendum, Botha campaigned for the No vote. Botha supported apartheid throughout his life.

In 2006, Botha died of a heart attack, aged 90.

References

1916 births
2006 deaths
Afrikaner people
Anti-Communists
People associated with Apartheid
Calvinists
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in South Africa
State Presidents of South Africa
Prime Ministers of South Africa
Pinckney's Treaty is a treaty between Spain and the United States. It is also known as Treaty of San Lorenzo or Treaty of Madrid. It defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River. The treaty's full title is Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation Between Spain and the United States. Thomas Pinckney negotiated the treaty for the United States and Don Manuel de Godoy represented Spain. Among other things, it ended the first phase of the West Florida Controversy, a dispute between the two nations over the boundaries of the Spanish colony of West Florida.

The treaty was presented to the United States Senate on February 26, 1796 and after several weeks of debate was ratified on March 7, 1796. It was ratified by Spain on April 25, 1796 and ratifications were exchanged on that date. The treaty was proclaimed on August 3, 1796.

18th century in Spain
1790s in the United States
Treaties
1796
The Idrijca is a river in western Slovenia that flows through the Idrija Hills and Cerkno Hills. It is a tributary of the Soča river.

The area of the upper Idrijca, from its source to the town of Idrijca (a distance of about 30 km), is part of the Krajinski Park Zgornja Idrijca ("Upper Idrijca Natural Park"). Here there are many karst features and an important diversity of plant species.

Geography
The Idrijca river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of .

This river is one of the few places where the Marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) is found.

Course
The source of the Idrijca is in Mrzla Rupa, part of the small town of Vojsko in the municipality of Idrija, western Slovenia,  at an altitude of .

From its source, the Idrijca flows to the southeast and then, after its confluence with the Beca river, turns to the northeast. Then, after passing through the town of Idrija, the river turns to the northwest and joins the Soča in Most na Soči, to the south of Tolmin.

The Idrijca passes through the municipalities of Idrija, Cerkno and Tolmin.

Main tributaries 
Most of the tributaries of the Idrijca river are small stream. The most important is the Bača with a length of ; it joins the Idrijca in the village of Bača pri Modreju, in the municipality of Tolmin.

One of the tributaries is the Jezernica river, that is only  long and which originates from the Wild Lake ().

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of Slovenia

References

Other websites

 A map of the Idrijca. Geopedia.si online project. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
 Condition of Idrijca  - graphs, in the following order, of water level and flow for the past 30 days (taken in Podroteja by the Slovenian Environment Agency - ARSO)

Rivers of Slovenia
The Vipava (in Slovene), Vipacco (in Italian) or Vipau (in Friulian) is a river that flows through western Slovenia and northeastern Italy.

The Battle of the Frigidus was fought in 394 near the river,  which was named Frigidus ('cold') by the Romans.

Geography

The Vipava river has a length of ,  in Slovenia and  in Italy. Its drainage basin has an area of about  ( in Slovenia).

The river flows through the southern part of the Vipava valley; this valley goes from the village of Podnamos, Slovenia, to Savogna d'Isonzo, in Italy.

Course
The source of the Vipava is close to the city of Vipava, in the municipality of Vipava, western Slovenia, at an altitude of .

From its source, the Vipava flows to the northwest and follows this direction through the Vipava valley. It passes through the Slovenian municipalities of Vipava, Ajdovščina, Nova Gorica, Renče–Vogrsko and Miren–Kostanjevica. Then, at an altitude of , the river crosses the border and gets into the Italian comune of Savogna d'Isonzo (Friuli-Venezia Giulia region) and finally joins the Soča river.

There are not important tributaries, only very small stream.

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of Slovenia
 List of rivers of Italy

References

Other websites

 A map of the Vipava. Geopedia.si online project. Retrieved 30 March 2008.

Rivers of Italy
Rivers of Slovenia
Ghosts (Finnish: Kummituspeli, Swedish: Spökspelet) is a board game designed by Alex Randolph for two players, released in 1982 by Milton Bradley.

Gameplay

The game takes place on a 6×6 board representing a haunted castle. Both players are given eight ghosts, of which four are good (marked by a blue dot) and four are evil (marked by a red dot). The ghosts are assembled in two rows of four at the player's own edge of the board. At each of the four corners is an exit from the castle.

The idea of the game is that neither player knows which of the other player's ghosts are good and which are evil. Facing the front, all ghosts look the same. The dots are only on the back. The players can arrange the good and evil ghosts how they wish at the start of the game.

The game is turn-based. On his or her turn, each player moves one ghost one square, either up, down, left or right. A ghost may capture an opponent's ghost by moving to its square. Only when a ghost is captured does the opposing player know whether it is good or evil.

If a player captures all four of the opposing player's good ghosts, he or she has won the game. But if a player captures all four of the opposing player's evil ghosts, he or she has lost the game. The game can also be won by moving one of the good ghosts through one of the exits at the opposing side of the board.

The strategy of the game play involves mainly trying to guess which of the opponent's ghosts are which by their movement patterns and trying to fool the opponent with confusing movement patterns.

Board games
The Capitulation of Alexandria was an important event in the struggle between France and England for influence in the Middle East in the years around 1800 AD.

The French Campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was part of Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the East. His plan was to protect French trade, undermine Britain's access to India, and to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was the main reason for his Mediterranean campaign of 1798, a series of naval engagements that included the capture of Malta. In July he defeated British and Mameluke forces in the Battle of the Pyramids and took control of Egypt. 

The British responded. In the Battle of the Nile, 1798, the Royal Navy, under Horatio Nelson, defeated the French fleet off the coast of Egypt. The French fleet was almost completely destroyed, and that changed the balance of power between the two nations at war in the Mediterranean. 

On land in Egypt the French were opposed by a joint force of British and Ottoman troops. Defeated, the French retreated to Alexandria, the second city of Egypt, where the British-led force surrounded them. On 30 August 1801 the French general Abdullah Jacques-François Menou offered to surrender and proposed terms. The terms were adjusted, then agreed. The event and the treaty is known as the Capitulation of Alexandria.

Under the articles of the treaty is this item:
"the Arabian manuscripts, the statues, and the other collections which have been made for the French Republic, shall be considered as public property, and subject to the disposal of the generals of the combined army". 

So Britain got hold of the Rosetta Stone and other Egyptian antiquities collected by the French Commission des Sciences et des Arts and the scholars of the Institute d'Egypte.

References 

Treaties
Wars involving England
Wars involving France
Alexandria