cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The rusty blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) is a species of icterid blackbirds. Its bill is pointed. The adult females are more grey then the adult male.

The birds usually breed in muskeg and forests across Canada and Alaska and migrate to the eastern and southeastern United States, into parts of the Grain Belt and sometimes straying into Mexico

These birds feed on insects, small fish and some seeds in wet ground or in shallow water.

Passeriformes
Leominster (pronounced Lem-ster) is a market town in Northern Herefordshire, a county in England.

Geography 
It is located 12 miles (19 km) north of Hereford, the county town, and  south of Ludlow in Shropshire.

The town has a population of 11,691 people. This makes it Herefordshire's largest town as Hereford is a city.

During the Middle Ages, Leominster was the hometown of Æthelmod, an English saint. He was buried in the town.

Transport 
Leominster is situated on the A44, which runs from Oxford to Aberwystwyth and on the A49, which runs north from Ross-on-Wye and ends just south of Bamber Bridge in Lancashire. It also has strong railway links. Leominster railway station is on the Welsh Marches Line. Passengers can get direct trains northbound to Shrewsbury, Wrexham, Chester, Llandudno, Holyhead, Crewe and Manchester as well as trains southbound to Hereford, Cardiff, Swansea and South-West Wales.

Twin towns
Leominster has two twin towns. It is twinned with:
 Saverne, France
 Tengeru, Tanzania

Gallery

Towns in Herefordshire
Market towns in England
Troy Brouwer (born August 17, 1985 in North Delta, British Columbia, Canada) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He currently plays for the St Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). He also played in the NHL for the Chicago Blackhawks, Florida Panthers, Calgary Flames, Washington Capitals, and Chicago Blackhawks. He played in the WHL for the Moose Jaw Warriors where he played 5 seasons and was named team captain his last season with the Warriors.

On June 9, 2010, Brouwer won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Blackhawks.

Awards
He won the Bob Clarke Trophy (WHL leading scorer) in 2006.
He was named to the AHL Second All-Star Team in 2007.
He was named to the AHL All-Rookie Team in 2007.
He won the Stanley Cup in 2010. (Chicago Blackhawks)

Other websites 

1985 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Living people
Moose Jaw Warriors players
Stanley Cup champions
Washington Capitals players
A hookah is a type of glass water pipe used to smoke tobacco, or special hookah-tobacco called "shisha". It can also be used for smoking herbal fruits.

The hookah gained popularity under the reign of the Ottoman Dynasty. A hookah operates by water filtration and indirect heat.

History 

The hookah has origins in Arabia, Persia, Turkey, India and ancient China. Ancient Persian paintings depict people smoking hookahs. In the early 19th century, Hookahs became popular with rich men, who often smoked them wearing smoking caps or fezzes and smoking jackets.

The more colloquial terms "hubble-bubble" and "hubbly-bubbly" may be used in the region surrounding the Red Sea.

The archaic form of this latter Indian name hookah is most commonly used in English for historical reasons. It was in India that many English-speakers first sampled the effects of the water pipe. The writer William Hickey wrote in his Memoirs that shortly after his arrival in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India in 1775:

Smoking the hookah 
The jar at the bottom of the hookah is filled with water sufficient to submerge a few inches of the body tube, which is sealed tightly to it. Deeper water will only increase the inhalation force needed to use it. Tobacco or tobacco-free molasses are placed inside the bowl at the top of the hookah. Often the bowl is covered with perforated tin foil or a metal screen and coal placed on top. The foil or screen separates the coal and the tobacco, which minimizes inhalation of coal ash with the smoke and reduces the temperature the tobacco is exposed to, in order to prevent burning the tobacco directly.

When one inhales through the hose, air is pulled through the charcoal and into the bowl holding the tobacco. The hot air, heated by the charcoal vaporizes the tobacco without burning it.
The vapor is passed down through the body tube that extends into the water in the jar. It bubbles up through the water, losing heat, and fills the top part of the jar, to which the hose is attached. When a smoker inhales from the hose, smoke passes into the lungs, and the change in pressure in the jar pulls more air through the charcoal, continuing the process.

The hookah in modern times 
Hookahs are widely used today. At parties, some people choose to smoke a hookah and spread it around for others to use. Hookah bars are places where people can meet up and smoke hookahs. Nowadays, hookahs appear in numerous designs, shapes, and sizes, from classic Egyptian look to modern and futuristic.

Health 
A 2005 WHO report states that smoking using a waterpipe poses a serious potential health hazard and is not a safe alternative to cigarette smoking. The average hookah session typically lasts more than 40 minutes, and consists of 50 to 200 inhalations that each range from 0.15 to 0.50 liters of smoke. In an hour-long smoking session of hookah, users consume about 100 to 200 times the volume of smoke of a cigarette.

References

Drug paraphernalia
Smoking
Jassen A. Cullimore (born December 4, 1972 in Simcoe, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman that last played for the Iserlohn Roosters of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. He formerly played Vancouver Canucks from 1994-1996, the Montreal Canadiens from 1996-1997, the Tampa Bay Lightning from 1997-2003 winning the Stanley Cup with them during the 2003-04 NHL season, the Chicago Blackhawks from 2005-06, the Florida Panthers from 2007-08 and signed a two-way contract returning to the Chicago Blackhawks which he played one season with in 2010.

Career statistics

Other websites 

1972 births
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Montreal Canadiens players
Tampa Bay Lightning players
Vancouver Canucks players
Stanley Cup champions
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Lamont Coleman (30 May 1974 – 15 February 1999) was an American rapper better known by his stage name, Big L. 

Henry Adaso from About.com ranked him #23 of the "Top 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time (1987 - 2007)" and said the "[he was] one of the most auspicious storytellers in hip hop history." Coleman was also called "the most underrated lyricist ever" by HipHopDX.

Death
On 15 February 1999, Big L was murdered at 45 West 139th Street after being shot nine times in the face and chest in a drive-by shooting at the age of 24. Gerard Woodley, his childhood friend, was arrested for the shooting. A spokesperson for the New York City Police Department said that "It's a good possibility it was retaliation for something [Big L's] brother did, or [Woodley] believed he had done". Woodley was later released and the murder is still unsolved.

Discography

Studio albums
 Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous (1995)
 The Big Picture (2000)
 139 & Lenox (2010)*
 Return of the Devil's Son (2010)*
 The Danger Zone (2011)*

Compilation albums
 Live from Amsterdam (2000)
 Harlem's Finest – A Freestyle History (2003)
 Big L: The Archives 1996–2000 (2006)

Collaboration albums
 D.I.T.C. (2000)*

*Album was released posthumously.

References

Other websites
 Official website

1974 births
1999 deaths
African American musicians
Rap musicians from New York
Murdered African-American people
Murdered musicians
Murders by firearm in New York
People murdered in New York
Singers from New York City
Unsolved murders in the United States
Murray Bannerman (born April 27, 1957 in Fort Frances, Ontario, Canada) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the Vancouver Canucks with the 58th overall pick in the 1977 NHL Draft. He played 8 seasons in the NHL 1 season with the Vancouver Canucks and 7 seasons with the Chicago Blackhawks. He currently for the Blackhawk Alumni Association.

Other websites

1957 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Vancouver Canucks players
Carnival of Carnage is the first studio album by American hip hop band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on October 18, 1992. The producers of the album were Joseph Bruce, Mike Clark, Esham and Chuck Miller. The album was the first of the "Joker Cards" in the Dark Carnival mythology. 
Kid rock and Esham sing guest vocals on the album,

The album's lyrics are centered around the controversies, violence and politics in the ghetto.

Track listing
Explicit Version
Shaggy Dope sings vocals on "Night of the Axe" and "Wizard of The Hood".
Every song on the album except "Night of the Axe" and "Wizard of the Hood"  is sung by Violent J.

1. Intro 
2. Carnivals of Carnage  
3. Juggla
4. First Day Out
5. Red Neck Clown   
6. Wizard of the Hood (Vocals by Shaggy Dope)    
7. Guts on the Ceiling 
8. Is That you? (Feat. Kid Rock) 
9. Night Of the Axe (Vocals sang by Shaggy Dope)  
10. Psychopathic 
11. Blackin, Your Eyes 
12. Never had it made 
13. Your Rebel Flag
14. Ghetto Freak Show
15.  Taste (Feat. Esham)

Clean version
The clean version of the album was released in 1999 and:
Edits out profanity with beeps 
Does not include the songs "Night of the Axe" and  Blackin, Your Eyes"  
The buzzing chainsaw  sound at the beginning of the song "Pychopathic is  not heard. 
The track list is slightly different

Members 
Violent J- Vocals 
Shaggy Dope- Occasional  Vocals

Special Musical guests Kid rock and Esham.

1992 albums
Debut albums
Insane Clown Posse albums
Hip hop albums
The 2010 Israeli–Lebanese clash occurred on August 3, 2010. Israel Defence Forces and Lebanese Armed Forces fought along the border between Israel and Lebanon. Early reports said three Lebanese soldiers and a civilian were killed while five soldiers were wounded; reports also said one Israeli soldier was killed and two were wounded. This was the most serious fighting on the border since the 2006 Lebanon War.

References 

2010 in Asia
2010s in Israel
21st century in Lebanon
Arab–Israeli conflict
August events
The South Lebanon conflict describes a series of military clashes in South Lebanon involving Israel, Palestine Liberation Organization, Lebanese factions and Syria.

The conflict began in late 1960s and escalated in the 1970s. After the PLO leadership and its Fatah brigade were expelled from Jordan in 1971 for fomenting a revolt, they entered Lebanon and internal and cross-border violence increased. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) had already recruited militants in Lebanon from among the families of Palestinian refugees who were expelled or fled due to the creation of Israel in 1948. By 1968, the PLO and Israel were committing cross border attacks against each other. Meanwhile, demographic tensions over the Lebanese National Pact led to the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). PLO was one of the key factors to the eruption of the Lebanese Civil War and its bitter battles with Lebanese factions caused foreign intervention. Israel's 1978 invasion of Lebanon pushed the PLO north of the Litani River, but the PLO continued their campaign against Israel. Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982, in alliance with major Lebanese Christian militias, and forcibly expelled the PLO. Israel withdrew to a slim borderland buffer zone, held with the aid of proxy militants in the South Lebanon Army (SLA). Israel and Lebanon signed the May 17 Agreement providing a framework for the establishment of normal bilateral relations between the two countries, but relations were disrupted with takeover of Shia and Druze militias in early 1984.

In 1985, a Lebanese Shi'te resistance movement sponsored by Iran, calling itself Hezbollah, called for armed struggle to "end the Israel occupation of Lebanese territory". When the Lebanese civil war ended and other warring factions agreed to disarm, Hezbollah and the SLA refused. Combat with Hezbollah weakened Israeli resolve and led to a collapse of the SLA and an Israeli withdrawal in 2000 to their side of the UN designated border. Citing Israeli control of the Shebaa farms territory, Hezbollah continued cross border attacks intermittently over the next six years. Hezbollah now sought freedom for Lebanese citizens in Israeli prisons and successfully used the tactic of capturing Israeli soldiers as leverage for a prisoner exchange in 2004. The capturing of two Israeli soldiers by Hezbollah ignited the 2006 Lebanon War. Its ceasefire called for the disarmament of Hezbollah and the remaining armed camps of the PLO, and for Lebanon to control its southern border militarily for the first time in four decades.

Hostilities were suspended on 8 September 2006. As of 2009 Hezbollah had not disarmed. On 18 June 2008, Israel declared that it was open to peace talks with Lebanon.

References

Middle East
Conflicts
1960s conflicts
1970s conflicts
1980s conflicts
1990s conflicts
2000s conflicts
The Arab–Israeli conflict  is a term used to describe the political tensions and open hostilities between the Arab countries of the Middle East and North Africa and the State of Israel. The conflict has gone on since 1948.

The Arab–Israeli conflict began from earlier tensions between the Arab and Jewish communities in British Mandatory Palestine, with the rise of two nationalist movements - Zionist movement among Jews and Arab nationalism among the Arabs.  The ethnic conflict in Mandatory Palestine was also a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, which created tension over the division and ownership of the land.  While the Jewish people saw the land as their historical homeland of the Land of Israel, the Palestinian people and Pan-Arab movement saw the land as Palestine belonging to the Arabs and in the Pan-Islamic context, as territory regarded as Muslim lands.

The modern conflict started with the 1948 Arab-Israeli war in parallel with the creation of state of Israel by the Jews. Later, on the course of the 1948 War, the All-Palestine Government was created in Gaza Strip by the Arab League, as an Arab Palestinian state.  Israel won the 1948 war, and the All-Palestine Government moved to Cairo in Egypt and were not allowed to return to Gaza.  They gradually lost importance, until abolished in 1959 by the Egyptian President Nasser.

In 1964, another Palestinian political organization was formed by Yasser Arafat (named Palestinian Liberation Organization), and became the most important Palestinian movement. In 1967, Arab countries and Israel fought the Six-Day War, resulting in Israeli takeover of Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, West Bank from Jordan and Golan Heights from Syria.  Jordan, Egypt and PLO soon began a low-level War of Attrition, which lasted from 1967 to 1970 with no significant benefits to any side.  In 1973, another major war, the Yom Kippur War, was started by Egypt and Syria to regain the territory lost in the Six Day War.  Egypt liberated part of the Sinai, and Syria was pushed back to Damascus. Egypt and Israel both claimed victory and till now historians argue as to whom the victory belongs to.

Over the years, it has changed from the large-scale Arab–Israeli conflict to a more local Israeli-Palestinian conflict, though the Arab World and Israel still disagree with each other over specific territory.

Notes

References
The Gaza War was a three-week armed conflict that took place in the Gaza Strip during the winter of 2008–2009. It was codenamed Operation Cast Lead ( Mivtza Oferet Yetzuka) by the Israeli government.

The Gaza War is said to have begun when Israel started an air strike against the Gaza Strip on Dec. 27. This was after a six-month truce between Israel and Hamas had run out and Hamas had resumed rocket attacks against Israel. Israel's said its aim was to stop Hamas' rocket attacks on Israel from and arms import into the territory. Israeli forces attacked military targets, police stations and government buildings. Hamas intensified its rocket and mortar attacks against Southern Israel, reaching the major cities of Beersheba and Ashdod for the first time. An Israeli ground invasion began on January 3, 2009. The war ended on January 18, when Israel first declared a unilateral(one-sided) ceasefire, followed by Hamas' announcing a one-week ceasefire twelve hours later. Israel completed its withdrawal on January 21. The conflict resulted in between 1,166 and 1,417 Palestinian and 13 Israeli deaths.

References

2008 in Asia
2009 in Asia
Arab–Israeli conflict
Gaza Strip
Wars involving Asia
2000s conflicts
Robert Diggs (born July 5, 1969) is an American rapper and producer, as well as a member of the hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan, better known by his stage name, RZA. He was a member of Gravediggaz. He was known as Rzarector. This is a pun on 'resurrector'. RZA has written two books.

RZA started his music career in 1991 when he released the EP Ooh I Love You Rakeem.

Discography 
 Bobby Digital in Stereo (1998)
  Digital Bullet (2001)
  Birth of a Prince (2003)
  Digi Snacks (2008)

References 

1969 births
Living people
Rap musicians from New York
Musicians from New York City
Jordan Staal (born September 10, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is regarded as one of the NHL's premier penalty-killers, both for his strong defensive skills, along with his scoring touch that makes him a threat for shorthanded goals. He has also played for the Pittsburgh Penguins for 6 seasons before he was traded to the Carolina Hurricanes during the 2012 NHL Entry Draft on June 22, 2012.

Awards
OHL All-Star - 2006
Played in CHL Top Prospects Game - 2006
Shared Pittsburgh Penguins Michel Brière Rookie of the Year Award with Evgeni Malkin - 2007
Calder Memorial Trophy nomination - 2007
NHL All-Rookie Team - 2007
Stanley Cup - 2009 (Pittsburgh Penguins)
Frank J. Selke Trophy nomination - 2010

Records 
NHL record; youngest player to score two shorthanded goals in one game - October 21, 2006 against the Columbus Blue Jackets (; surpassed Radek Dvořák of the Florida Panthers; 20 years, 278 days on December 12, 1997)
NHL record; youngest player to score on a penalty shot - (; surpassed Nathan Horton of the Florida Panthers; 18 years, 224 days on January 8, 2004)
NHL record; youngest player to score a hat trick - February 10, 2007 against the Toronto Maple Leafs (; surpassed Jack Hamilton of the Toronto Maple Leafs; 18 years, 185 days old on December 4, 1943)
 NHL record; most short-handed goals by a rookie, in 2006–07 (7 shorthanded goals; surpassed Gerry Minor of the Vancouver Canucks in 1980–81 and John Madden in 1999–00; 6 shorthanded goals)

Career statistics

International

References

Other websites

1988 births
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
People from Thunder Bay
Carolina Hurricanes players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Stanley Cup champions
Ontario Hockey League players
Jared  Staal (born August 21, 1990 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently with the Charlotte Checkers of the American Hockey League. He is the younger brother of Eric Staal of the Carolina Hurricanes, Marc Staal of the New York Rangers, and Jordan Staal of the Pittsburgh Penguins.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

References

Other websites

1990 births
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
People from Thunder Bay
American Hockey League players
ECHL players
Ontario Hockey League players
Attabad Lake (sometimes called Gojal Lake) is a lake in Hunza Valley in northern Pakistan. The lake was created by a landslide which happened in the village of Attabad on 4 January 2010. The landslide killed twenty people. It blocked the flow of the Hunza River for five months.

The flooding caused by the blockage covered the Karakoram Highway. Six thousand people had to move from upstream villages. Another 25,000 people had to stay where they were because roads were blocked. It inundated over  of the Karakoram Highway.

By the first week of June 2010, the new lake was  long and over  deep. At that time, it flowed over the landslide dam, completely submerging lower Shishkat and partly flooding Gulmit.   The subdivision of Gojal has the greatest number of flooded buildings, over 170 houses and 120 shops. The residents also had shortages of food and other items due to the blockage of the Karakoram Highway.
By June 4 water outflow from the lake had increased to 3700 cu ft/sec.

References

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Ali Baba (, ʿAli Bāba) is a fictional character, who is described in the adventure tale of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves. It is believed by some critics that this story was added to One Thousand and One Nights by one of its European translators, Antoine Galland, who is an 18th-century French orientalist who may have heard it in oral form from a Middle Eastern story-teller from Aleppo. However, another writer and scholar Sir Richard Francis Burton said it was a part of the original One Thousand and One Nights. Most Arab and Persian(Irani) scholars seem to also agree with Burton.

References

Texts
Pitt education

Characters in written fiction
Bullitt is a 1968 American thriller movie that was produced by Philip D'Antoni and Robert E. Relyea and directed by Peter Yates.

Awards
The movie won and has been nominated for many awards including:

Academy Award for Best Film Editing (won)
Academy Award for Best Sound (nominated)
BAFTA Award for Best Direction - Peter Yates (nominated)
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role - Robert Vaughn (nominated)
BAFTA Award from Best Cinematography - William A. Fraker (nominated)
BAFTA Award from Best Film Editing (nominated)
BAFTA Award from Best Sound Track (nominated)
National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cinematography (won)
Golden Reel Award for Best Sound Editing - Feature Film (won)
2nd place Golden Laurel awards for Best Action Drama, Best Action Performance (Steve McQueen) and Best Female New Face

Cast 
 Steve McQueen as Lieutenant Frank Bullitt
 Robert Vaughn as Walter Chalmers
 Jacqueline Bisset as Cathy
 James Hagan as Bob Thompson
 Vic Tayback as Pete Ross
 Felice Orlandi as Johnny Ross
 Don Gordon as Sergeant Delgetti
 Carl Reindel as Detective Carl Stanton
 Paul Genge as Hitman 1
 Bill Hickman as Hitman 2
 Georg Stanford Brown as Doctor Willard
 Norman Fell as Captain Baker
 Brandy Carroll as Dorothy Simmons
 Pat Renella as  The Real Johnny Ross

Other websites 
 
 

1968 crime movies
1968 thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Chase movies
English-language movies
Movies about murderers
Movies based on books
Movies set in San Francisco
United States National Film Registry movies
Movies directed by Peter Yates
These are the complete Grand Prix racing results for Daimler Benz AG, the official name of the works Mercedes-Benz team, including Formula One.

Complete European Championship results 
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position, results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Notes 
 After Von Brauchitsch's car retired from the race, he took over Fagioli's car.
 Fagioli car had already retired. After Caracciola's car developed mechanical problems, he quit the race and Fagioli took over Caracciola's car.
 After Caracciola's car retired from the race, he took over Lang's car. Lang then took over von Brauchitsch's car. Caracciola retired Lang's car and then took over Fagioli's car.
 After Fagioli's car retired, he took over Lang's car.
 Lang's car developed a problem and was handed over to reserve driver Walter Bäumer. Caracciola fell ill and handed his car over to Lang.
 Lang got glass in his eye after his goggles were smashed by a stone. His car was taken over by reserve driver Walter Bäumer.
 Caracciola was burnt by leaking exhaust and handed his car over to von Brauchitsch. Von Brauchitsch later handed it back to Caracciola after suffering the same problem.

Complete Formula One results

As a works (factory) team 
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position, results in italics indicate fastest lap)

 Constructors' Championship not awarded until .
 Indicates shared drive.
 Season in progress.

As an engine supplier 
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Jump to: 2000 2010

 Season in progress

References 

Formula One constructor results
Formula One current
}}
Aliaune Damala Badara Akon Thiam (; born April 16, 1973), also known mononymously as Akon, is a Senegalese-American singer, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur, philanthropist and actor. Akon began his career as a singer/rapper, with his big break arriving in 2004 with the release of the records "Locked Up" and "Lonely." Both songs achieving great success, leading up to an album deal with Universal Motown. In the 2010s, Akon branched out onto philanthropy (Akon Lighting Africa), property development (Akon City in Senegal), television/film production, and politics, to name a few. 

He grew up in Senegal, but when he was 7 his family settled in New Jersey. His father, Mor Thiam was a successful jazz percussionist. Soon after moving back to the United States, Akon discovered hip-hop for the first time. Akon has collaborated with and produced for some of the biggest names in the music industry.

Akon has been nominated for many awards including 5 Grammy Awards, 3 American Music Awards winning 1 and 4 MTV Video Music Awards.  Billboard ranked Akon No. 6 on the list of Top Digital Songs Artists of the decade.

Akon had been friends with Michael Jackson until his death. Akon released a tribute song called "Cry Out Of Joy". In 2010, a song that Akon sung with Michael Jackson, "Hold My Hand", was released. It was also released on Michael.

Discography

Studio albums
 Trouble (2004)
 Konvicted (2006)
 Freedom (2008)
 El Negreeto (2019)
 Akonda (2019)
 Konnect (TBC)
 The Konnection (TBC)

References

Other websites

 
 
 

1973 births
Living people
Rap musicians from Missouri
American R&B singers
Senegalese people
Singers from Missouri
Hòa thượng Thích Quảng Đức (1897–June 11, 1963) was a Buddhist Monk from Hội Khánh, French Indochina who committed suicide by burning himself to death while sitting in an intersection (crossroads). He was protesting the persecution of Buddhists by South Vietnam's Ngô Đình Diệm administration.

1897 births
1963 deaths
Buddhist clergy
Monks
People who committed suicide
Vietnamese people
Storms of My Grandchildren is the first book written by climate scientist James Hansen.

Hansen says that the burning of fossil fuels is changing our climate and that the earth is in danger. Millions of species, and humanity itself, are threatened. The title of the book, Storms of My Grandchildren, refers to the extreme weather events "that will greet the next generation if the unmitigated use of fossil fuels continues".

Hansen states that we immediately need to "reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide to at most 350 ppm in order to avoid disasters for coming generations".   He says that we need to reduce coal plant emissions, and improve forestry and agricultural practices.

Storms of My Grandchildren has been reviewed in Nature, the Los Angeles Times, Science, and Cosmos.

James Hansen is director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and is often called the "father of global warming".

References

Other websites
Official website

Climate change
Non-fiction books
Environment
Felipe Andres Coronel (born February 19, 1978 in Lima, Peru)  is an American rapper better known by his stage name, Immortal Technique. 

Immortal Technique's lyrics are usually about politics and racism.

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Other websites
 Immortal Technique's Twitter

1978 births
Activists
Rap musicians from New York
Living people
Peruvian entertainers
Poets
Singers from New York City
Writers
People from Lima
Kiddieland Amusement Park was an amusement park located just west of Chicago at the corner of North Avenue and First Avenue in Melrose Park, Illinois. It was home to several classic rides including the Little Dipper roller coaster, which opened in 1950. The park closed on September 27, 2009, at 8 PM, and demolished in 2010 to make way for a new Costco store.

History
Kiddieland started out as a small venture of Arthur Fritz in 1929 when he purchased six ponies and offered rides as an escape for parents reeling from the Great Depression. Miniature gasoline-powered cars were added a few years later after Fritz learned that they were being given away to children by a Chicago newspaper as a subscription promotion.

In 1940, the "German Carousel", two Miniature Steam Locomotives, the "Little Auto Ride", the "Roto Whip" and the "Ferris Wheel" were added. The latter two lasted until the park's closing. The park saw its first major expansion in the 1950s with the addition of the Little Dipper and the Carousel, of which both still exist today. Bumper cars were added in the 1960s as they replaced the original pony ride.

The park transferred ownership in 1977, as Arthur Fritz's grandchildren took over the park and its operation. The park continued its expansion and installed several major attractions, including a Log flume, a swinging pirate ship, a  long water coaster, and numerous other attractions.

Closure 
A dispute developed between Shirley and Glenn Rynes, who own the land that Kiddieland occupies, and Ronald Rynes, Jr. and Cathy and Tom Norini, who own the amusement park itself. The landowners sued the park owners in 2004, claiming that the park had an improper insurance policy and that fireworks were prohibited in the lease. The case was thrown out in a Cook County court and later in an appeals court. The landowners declined to extend the lease on the land in early 2009. In late June 2010, it was announced that Kiddieland would be demolished, nine months after the park closed to the public. A Costco store will be built in its place.

Image Gallery

The Little Dipper
The Litter Dipper was designed by Herbert Schmeck and built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company in 1950. The brakes are operated manually by a wooden handle in the station. The out-and-back coaster is  tall and travels a course of . It was awarded the ACE Coaster Classic award by the American Coaster Enthusiasts.
Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois bought the ride in November 2009 at a Kiddieland auction. They paid $33,000 for the ride equipment at the auction.

References

Other websites 
 Official Site
 TV commercials 
 Kiddieland: 80 years of fun ends

1929 establishments in Illinois
2009 disestablishments in the United States
Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
Theme parks in the United States
Monmouth is a small town in south-east Wales. It is about 2 miles from the border with England. It is the county town of Monmouthshire, and just under 9,000 people live there. The River Wye and the River Monnow meet in Monmouth.

History
The Romans built a small fort there called Blestium, but few people lived in the area after the Romans left. Eventually, the Normans built a castle by the River Monnow, after they conquered England in 1066. Monmouth grew in the Middle Ages, with a priory church, and a market street (now called Monnow Street). This street ran between the castle and a fortified bridge across the river, which is the only fortified bridge of its type in Britain.  King Henry V of England was born in Monmouth Castle in 1387, but the castle itself was mostly knocked down after the Civil War in the seventeenth century.

Monmouth was well known at one time for producing Monmouth caps - a sort of woollen headgear worn by soldiers, sailors and others. It also became famous at the end of the eighteenth century, when people such as Admiral Nelson, and many poets and painters, came to visit the beautiful Wye valley nearby. The town also has a famous public school, Monmouth School, which was started in 1615.

In 1840, an important trial took place in Monmouth, of Chartists who had protested that more people should be allowed to vote in elections.  One of the first makers of cars in Britain, Charles Rolls who founded Rolls Royce, was born just outside the town.  He was killed in an airplane crash in 1910 at the age of 33; there is a statue of him in the town centre.

The town today
The town is known for its schools and its many shops, as well as for the services that it provides for its surrounding area.  The hills around Monmouth are covered with woodland and farms.  Monmouth is linked by the A40 road to the M4 motorway at Newport and the M50 at Ross-on-Wye. The town is twinned with Carbonne, France and Waldbronn, Germany.

In 2011, MonmouthpediA was set up as the first Wikipedia project to cover a whole town.

Gallery
 

Towns in Monmouthshire
Franklin is a Canadian–American children's animated television series produced by Nelvana, Big Bang Digital Studios, LuxAnimation, Alphanim, and Nick Jr. Productions. that currently airs on Nickelodeon's Nick Jr. block in the United States from November 3, 1997 to August 8, 2004 with Kipper, Maisy, and Allegra's Window and is based on the children's book series. In the United States, the programme aired on Noggin/Nick Jr. and Knowledge. In 2011, a new series called Franklin and Friends was introduced by Nelvana.

Cast 
Noah Reid as Franklin
Bryn McAuley as Harriet
Mark McMulkin as Bear
Ruby Smith-Merovitz as Badger
Susan Roman as Beatrice "Bea" Bear
Kristen Bone as Snail
Leah Cudmore as Beaver
Amanda Soha as Kit
Stuart Landrell as Fox
Vivien Endicott-Douglas as Goose
Sophie Lang as Otter
Mitchell Eisner as Rabbit
Tyrone Savage as Jackrabbit
Annick Obonsawin as Skunk
Jamie Haydon-Devlin as Raccoon
Shirley Douglas as the Narrator

Time Date Broadcast
The show aired on Nickelodeon's Nick Jr. block and later aired on Noggin and its successor, Nick Jr. channel. It has been taken off the air in the United States, but is still shown in several countries.

References

Other websites
Franklin on treehouse tv.com 

1997 television series debuts
2004 television series endings
1990s American animated television series
1990s Canadian television series
2000s American animated television series
2000s Canadian television series
Canadian animated television series
American children's television series
Canadian children's television series
English-language television programs
A Twinkie is a golden sponge cake which has a creamy filling. It was made by James A. Dewar in 1930, and is made by Hostess. They can also be deep-fried and this was inspired by the deep-fried Mars bar. The Twinkie was originally filled with banana cream inside but was forced to switch to the vanilla cream flavor during the Second World War because the bananas were rationed. Twinkies have around 150 calories (627.6 kJ) in each bar. Twinkies have a cookbook and it has over 50 recipes. Twinkies also have a mascot called Twinkie the Kid which is an anthropomorphized Twinkie.

References

Snack foods
Ryan Getzlaf (born May 10, 1985 in Regina, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He currently plays for the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL) where he is the current captain. He was drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim (now Anaheim Ducks) in the first round with the 19th pick in 2003.

He played in the WHL for the Calgary Hitmen where he played four seasons.

Getzlaf won a gold medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

Other websites
 

1985 births
American Hockey League players
Anaheim Ducks players
Calgary Hitmen players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Canadian Olympic gold medalists
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Living people
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
People from Regina, Saskatchewan
Stanley Cup champions
Christopher Rios (November 10, 1971 – February 7, 2000) was an American rapper better known by his stage name, Big Pun. Big Pun rose to fame when he met rapper Fat Joe in 1995 and appeared on Fat Joe's album, Jealous Ones Envy. Big Pun has a DVD titled Big Pun: The Legacy. It is about his life and has interviews with many rappers such as Snoop Dogg, Xzibit and DMX talking about Pun's impact on their lives.

Big Pun died on February 7, 2000 in White Plains, New York from a massive heart attack. At the time of his death, he weighed 698 pounds (317 kg). He was Puerto-Rican.

Albums

References

Other websites
 

1971 births
2000 deaths
Rap musicians from New York
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Singers from New York City
American hip hop musicians
Gangsta rappers
Ángel Luis Sánchez (born September 20, 1983 in Humacao, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican baseball player. He plays Shortstop for the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB).

Sánchez has formerly played for the Kansas City Royals from 2006-10, the Boston Red Sox and was then traded by the Red Sox to the Houston Astros for Kevin Cash.

Other websites
Ángel Sánchez at mlb.com

1983 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Puerto Rico
Houston Astros players
Boston Red Sox players
Kansas City Royals players
Haralson County, Georgia is a county in the state of Georgia. The county's capital is Buchanan. It has a population of 25,000 people, and over 28,000 guessed currently.

Cities and towns 
Bremen
Buchanan
Tallapoosa
Waco
Budapest
Felton

1856 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
This is a Formula One World Championship scoring system used by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA uses this system to decide the FIA World Drivers' and Constructors' Championships since the  season. The Championships are awarded to the driver and constructor (car builder) who score the most points over the course of the season.

From  through , a championship point was awarded to the driver (and team starting in ) that set the fastest lap.

In some seasons, not all race results would be counted towards the World Championship. Only a certain number of a driver's best results would count. In  this caused a very unusual result. Alain Prost and Ayrton Senna were the drivers for McLaren. They were the best two drivers of that year. There were 16 races that year, but only the best 11 results counted towards the championship. Prost won seven races and finished seven races in second place. He scored a total of 105 points, but only 87 of them counted for the championship. Senna won eight races and finished second in three, giving him 90 points for the championship and 94 for the season. This resulted in the strange event where Prost took a record number of points, yet Senna won the champion. A new system counting all races was introduced in . One additional point was also awarded to the race winner.

The current system was introduced for the  season. It was designed to allow more teams and drivers to score points. 

The most dominant Drivers' Champion in terms of points scored is Jim Clark. Clark scored the maximum of 54 points (6 wins) in both 1963 and 1965. In recent years, Michael Schumacher finished on the podium (one of the top three finishers) in every race of the 2002 season. Schumacher scored 144 of a maximum 170 points. The most dominant Constructors' Champion in recent times was McLaren in 1988. McLaren scored 199 of a maximum 240 points available. McLaren finished 134 points ahead of the second place team. In , Ferrari scored 221 points of a maximum 340 points available. Ferrari finished 129 points ahead of the second place team.

Pointscoring systems

Notes

References 
 

Formula One lists
Henry "Hank, Red" Bassen (December 6, 1932 – May 29, 2009) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender that spent most of his NHL career as a back-up goalie playing for the Chicago Black Hawks, Pittsburgh Penguins and Detroit Red Wings.

Bassen had cancer. He died of a heart attack.

References

Other websites

1932 births
2009 deaths
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey coaches
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Canada
Chicago Blackhawks players
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Detroit Red Wings players
Disease-related deaths in Alberta
Ice hockey people from Alberta
Medicine Hat Tigers players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Sportspeople from Calgary
Central Professional Hockey League players
Bremen, Georgia (originally named Kramer, and was later changed to honor Bremen, Germany) is a city in the county of Haralson County in the state of Georgia. It has a population of over 4,000.

Sources 

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Bad Lieutenant is a 1992 American crime drama movie starring Harvey Keitel in the title role as a New York City police detective. The movie is rated NC-17, though an R-rated version of the movie exists. It was directed by Abel Ferrara. Also appearing in the movie are Zoe Lund and Victor Argo.

Other websites 

1992 crime movies
1992 drama movies
1990s crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
English-language movies
Film noir
Movies set in New York City
Murder in movies
NC-17 rated movies
Rape in movies
Movies directed by Abel Ferrara
Obscenity controversies
American independent movies
1992 independent movies
The Mur de la peste or plague wall was built in the Vaucluse Mountains to stop the spread of the plague. Between 1720 and 1722, there was an epidemic in the Provence and in Marseille. The wall is built of dry stone, and was about 27 km long. Today, a part of the wall still stands, near Murs. Along the wall, there were watchtowers for guardposts.

18th century in France
Geography of France
Melaleuca leucadendra is a tree known as the weeping paperbark. It belongs to the Melaleuca genus. It is found in the northern parts of Australia (Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland). It is also found further north in the Solomon Islands and in New Guinea. 

Melaleuca leucadendra is similar to the broad-leaf paperbark (Melaleuca quinquenervia), which has a thick spongy bark. However, M. leucadendra has brighter green
foliage a slightly weeping habit.

Melaleuca leucadendra  also has the common name 'Cajuput tree', from the Malay word kayu putih – meaning "white wood". Cajuput oil can be got from its leaves.

References 

Trees of Australia
Royal Rumble (2010) was the twenty-third annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on January 31, 2010 at the Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia.  As always, the Royal Rumble match winner got a match at that years WrestleMania, (in this instance: WrestleMania XXVI) for his choice at either the WWE Championship, the World Heavyweight Championship and the ECW World Championship.

Six professional wrestling matches were on the event's supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event. The main event was the annual 30-man Royal Rumble match which featured wrestlers from all three brands. Edge, the twenty-ninth person to enter, won the match by last eliminating John Cena, the nineteenth person to enter. The main match on the Raw brand was for the WWE Championship between champion Sheamus and Randy Orton, which Sheamus won by disqualification. The main match on the SmackDown brand was between The Undertaker and Rey Mysterio for the World Heavyweight Championship, which The Undertaker won. The main match on the ECW brand was for the ECW Championship between Christian and Ezekiel Jackson, which Christian won.

Results

Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations

Red ██ and "Raw" indicates a Raw superstar, blue ██ and "SD" indicates a SmackDown superstar, and purple ██ and "ECW" indicates an ECW superstar.

Other websites

Royal Rumble
2010 in professional wrestling
Sports in Atlanta, Georgia
2010 in the United States
21st century in Atlanta, Georgia
2010s in Georgia (U.S. state)
"Lovely Rita" is a song by The Beatles performed on the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, written and sung by Paul McCartney, although as with all McCartney-written Beatles songs it is credited to Lennon/McCartney. It is about a female parking attendant and the narrator's love for her.

Inspiration
The term "meter-maid" was largely unknown in the UK prior to the song's release. It is American slang for a female traffic warden, now officially known by the gender-neutral term parking attendant. According to some sources, the song emanates from when a female traffic warden named Meta Davis gave a parking ticket to McCartney outside Abbey Road Studios. Instead of becoming angry, he accepted it with good grace and expressed his feelings in song. When asked why he had called her "Rita", McCartney replied, "Well, she looked like a Rita to me".

Recording 
Recording began on 23 February 1967. Using a four-track recorder, this first performance featured Harrison's guitar on track 1, Lennon's guitar on track 2, Ringo's drums on track 3, and McCartney's piano set on track 4. The band later added lead vocal, bass, and a three-part backing vocal section. By 21 March, the final mono mix was completed and a month later, the stereo mix was done.

The unusual noises during the song after the lines "and the bag across her shoulder/ made her look a little like a military man" were John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and George Harrison playing comb and paper. Mal Evans was sent to Abbey Road's lavatories to get toilet paper (which was stamped with the words, "PROPERTY OF EMI"). This was used to cover hair combs, which they blew through to sound like a kazoo orchestra.

Pink Floyd watched the Beatles recording "Lovely Rita". It is rumored that "Lovely Rita" influenced the song "Pow R. Toc H." found on their first album, "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn".

Personnel 
Paul McCartney – vocal, piano, bass, comb and paper
John Lennon – backing vocal, vocal percussion, acoustic rhythm guitar, comb and paper
George Harrison – backing vocal, electric slide guitar, acoustic rhythm guitar, comb and paper
Ringo Starr – drums, comb and paper
George Martin – production, piano
Geoff Emerick – engineer
Personnel per Ian MacDonald
Shawn Phillips has said in an interview that he performed background vocals on the track.

Other versions 
 In 1976, Roy Wood of ELO and Wizzard recorded the song for the musical documentary All This and World War II. The song was recorded by Fats Domino.
 In 2007, Travis recorded the song for It Was 40 Years Ago Today, a television film with contemporary acts recording the album's songs using the same studio, technicians and recording techniques as the original.
 Joan Osborne sings the song on the 2009 Cheap Trick release, Sgt. Pepper Live.
 Les Fradkin has an instrumental version on his 2007 release Pepper Front to Back.

Notes

References

 
 
 
 
 
 

The Beatles songs
1967 songs