Events

Up to 1900 
 392  Arbogast is elected Roman Emperor.
 476  Odoacer is proclaimed, by West Roman mercenaries, as Rex Italiae, King of Italy.
 1138  Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England near Northallerton, Yorkshire.
 1485  The Battle of Bosworth Field decisively ends the Wars of the Roses. Richard III of England dies, and Henry VII of England takes over, starting the period with the Tudor Dynasty ruling England, lasting until 1603.
 1559  Bartholome de Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy.
 1639  Madras (now Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India) is founded by the British East India Company.
 1642  Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors. Beginning of the English Civil War
 1654  Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first Jewish immigrant to what is later the United States
 1717  Spanish troops land on Sardinia
 1770  James Cook's expedition lands on the east coast of Australia
 1775  King George III declares the American colonies to be in open rebellion
 1777  American Revolutionary War: British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix, after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.
 1780  James Cook's ship Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage)
 1791  Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution
 1827  Jose de la Mar becomes President of Peru.
 1832  Dressed as an Arab, Swiss Jean Louis Burckhardt reaches Petra, the famous rock city in Jordan. In Europe, it had until then only been rumored to exist.
 1848  The United States annexes New Mexico.
 1851  Gold is discovered in Australia.
 1851  The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
 1864  Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention. The Red Cross is formed.
 1875  The Treaty of Saint Petersburg is ratified between Russia and Japan, providing for exchange between Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands.

From 1901 
 1902  Cadillac Motor Company is founded
 1902  Theodore Roosevelt became the first President of the United States to ride in an automobile
 1910  Japan annexes Korea.
 1911  The theft of the Mona Lisa is discovered, after being stolen in the night from August 21.
 1914  In Belgium, British and German troops meet for the first time in World War I
 1922  Michael Collins, Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Free State Army is shot dead during an anti-treaty ambush at Beal na mBlath, County Cork during the Irish Civil War.
 1926  Gold is discovered in Johannesburg, South Africa.
 1930  Peruvian President Augusto B. Leguia y Salcedo is deposed in a coup led by General Luis Miguel Sanchez Cerro.
 1932  The BBC experiments with television broadcasting.
 1934  Australian Bill Woodfull becomes the first cricket captain to regain The Ashes twice. The Ashes is a series of fives matches played between Australia and England.
 1941  German troops reach Leningrad, leading to the Siege of Leningrad
 1942  Brazil declares war on the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan)
 1944  Last transport of French Jews to concentration camps in Germany
 1944  32 Spaniards and 4 Frenchmen tackle a German column (1,300 men in 60 lorries, with six tanks and two self-propelled guns), at La Madeleine, France. Three Maquis wounded, 110 Germans killed, 200 wounded.
 1950  Althea Gibson becomes the first black competitor in international tennis.
 1952  France permanently closes the Devil's Island penal colony off French Guiana. French convicts were often sent there.
 1961  Ida Siekmann falls to her death in an attempt to cross the Berlin Wall.
 1962  An attempt to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle fails
 1962  The Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered ship, completes its maiden voyage
 1968  Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
 1971  Hugo Banzer takes power in Bolivia.
 1972  Rhodesia is expelled by the International Olympic Committee for its racist policies.
 1973  United States Secretary of State William P. Rogers resigns. Henry Kissinger succeeds him.
 1975  An attempt to assassinate US President Gerald Ford fails.
 1978  The Sandinista Liberation Front occupies the national palace in Managua, Nicaragua.
 1981  The Voyager 2 space probe photographs Saturn's moon Iapetus.
 1985  The Manchester Air Disaster occurs when 55 people are killed after a fire breaks out on a commercial aircraft at Manchester International Airport.
 1988  The Australian koala, the first platinum coin, is issued.
 1989  The first ring of Neptune is discovered
 1989  Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5000 strikeouts.
 1992  FBI HRT sniper Lon Horiuchi shot and killed Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
 1996  US President Bill Clinton signs welfare reform into law.
 2001  The Trojan Room coffee pot is switched off for the last time.
 2004  The Scream and The Madonna by Edvard Munch is stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
 2006  Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes in eastern Ukraine, killing 170 people.
 2007  Major League Baseball: The Texas Rangers defeat the Baltimore Orioles 30–3.
 2011  2011 Libyan civil war: Rebel forces advance on Tripoli, as the war enters its final phase.
 2015  A plane at an airshow in Shoreham, Southern England, crashes onto a motorway, killing 11 people.

Births

Up to 1900 
 1412  Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1464)
 1485  Beatus Rhenanus, German humanist (d. 1547)
 1601  Georges de Scudéry, French writer (d. 1667)
 1647  Denis Papin, French inventor (pressure cooker) (d. around 1712)
 1724  Jens Schielderup Sneedorff, Danish author and professor of political science (d. 1764)
 1760  Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
 1764  Charles Percier, French architect (d. 1838)
 1771  Henry Maudslay, inventor and tool-maker (d. 1831)
 1773  Aime Bonpland, French explorer (d. 1858)
 1778  James Kirke Paulding, American politician, 11th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1860)
 1800  William S. Harney, American general (d. 1889)
 1800  Edward Bouverie, English theologian (d. 1882)
 1818  Carlo Pisacane, Italian politician, guerrilla and writer (d. 1857)
 1820  Manolache Costache Epureanu, Romanian politician (d. 1880)
 1822  Virginia Clemm Poe, wife of Edgar Allan Poe (d. 1847)
 1834  Samuel Pierpoint Langley, American astronomer (d. 1906)
 1845  William Lewis Douglas, 42nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1924)
 1846  Amalie Skram, Norwegian-Danish writer and Women's Rights activist (d. 1905)
 1847  John Forrest, Australian explorer and politician, 1st Premier of Western Australia (d. 1918)
 1854  King Milan I of Serbia (d. 1901)
 1857  Ned Hanlon, American baseball player and manager (d. 1937)
 1860  Paul Nipkow, German inventor and television pioneer (d. 1940)
 1860  Eleonore Reuss of Koestritz, Tsaritsa of Bulgaria (d. 1917)
 1860  Gustaf Fröding, Swedish poet (d. 1911)
 1862  Claude Debussy, French composer (d. 1918)
 1867  Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
 1873  Alexander Bogdanov, Russian philosopher and physician (d. 1928)
 1874  Max Scheler, philosopher (d. 1928)
 1880  George Herriman, cartoonist (d. 1944)
 1882  Raymonde de Laroche, French pilot (d. 1919)
 1884  Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (d. 1935)
 1885  Thomas Cooke, American soccer player (d. 1964)
 1887  Lutz Schwerin von Krosigk, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1977)
 1888  Walther von Seydlitz-Kurzbach, German general (d. 1976)
 1893  Dorothy Parker, American writer (d. 1967)
 1893  Wilfred Kitching, 7th General of the Salvation Army (d. 1977)
 1896  Frank Loomis, American athlete (d. 1971)
 1900  Sergei Ozhegov, Russian lexicographer (d. 1964)

1901  1950 
 1902  Leni Riefenstahl, German movie director (d. 2003)
 1903  Francis Birch, English geophysicist (d. 1992)
 1904  Deng Xiaoping, leader of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
 1906  Stig Wennerström, Swedish spy (d. 2006)
 1908  Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (d. 2004)
 1909  Mel Hein, American football player (d. 1992)
 1909  Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter (d. 2000)
 1911  John J. Hickey, Governor of Wyoming (d. 1970)
 1913  Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist (d. 1992)
 1915  Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)
 1915  Edward Szczepanik, Polish Prime Minister (d. 2005)
 1915  James Hiller, Canadian-American scientist (d. 2007)
 1917  John Lee Hooker, American blues guitarist and singer (d. 2001)
 1917  Oscar E. Huber, American politician (d. 2017)
 1918  Said Mohamed Djohar, President of the Comoros (d. 2006)
 1920  Ray Bradbury, American writer (d. 2012)
 1920  Doctor Denton Cooley, American heart surgeon (d. 2016)
 1924  James Kirkwood Jr., novelist (d. 1989)
 1924  Ada Jafri, Pakistani poet and author (d. 2015)
 1925  Honor Blackman, British actress
 1928  Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (d. 2007)
 1928  Tinga Seisay, Sierra Leonean diplomat and activist
 1930  Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (d. 2013)
 1932  Gerald P. Carr, American astronaut
 1933  Sylva Koscina, Croatian-Italian actress
 1933  Michael von Albrecht, German classical scholar
 1934  Norman Schwarzkopf, American general (d. 2012)
 1935  E. Annie Proulx, Canadian Pulitzer Prize-winning writer
 1936  Petar Mladenov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 2000)
 1937  Francesco Musso, Italian boxer
 1938  Paul Maguire, American football player
 1939  George Reinholt, actor
 1939  Carl Yastrzemski, American Baseball Hall of Famer
 1939  Valerie Harper, American actress (d. 2019)
 1941  Bill Parcells, American football coach
 1942  Kathy Lennon, American singer
 1942  Ugur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and writer (d. 1993)
 1942  Joe Klein, American baseball executive (d. 2017)
 1943  Alun Michael, Welsh politician
 1943  Masatoshi Shima, Japanese computer scientist
 1945  David Chase, American screenwriter, director and producer
 1945  Ron Dante, American singer-songwriter and producer
 1947  Robert E. Cramer, American politician
 1947  Donna Godchaux, American singer (Grateful Dead)
 1947  Cindy Williams, actress
 1948  David Marks, American songwriter and musician
 1950  Lewis Libby, American White House counsel

1951  1975 
 1951  Chandra Prakash Mainali, Nepalese politician
 1953  Paul Ellering, American weightlifter, wrestler and manager
 1955  Will Shetterly, writer
 1956  Paul Molitor, American Baseball Hall of Famer
 1957  Steve Davis, English snooker player
 1958  Colm Feore, American-Canadian actor
 1958  Vernon Reid, musician (Living Colour)
 1959  Pia Gjellerup, Danish politician
 1959  Mark Williams, English actor and screenwriter
 1960  Collin Raye, American country music singer and songwriter
 1960  Regina Taylor, American actress
 1961  Debbi Peterson, drummer (The Bangles)
 1961  Roland Orzabal, singer and guitarist (Tears for Fears)
 1961  Andrés Calamaro, Argentine musician and composer
 1961  Thomas Hoeren, German law professor 
 1962  Viktor Bryzhin, Ukrainian sprinter
 1962  Ilkka Laitinen, Finnish military officer and politician (d. 2019)
 1963  Tori Amos, American singer, songwriter, and pianist
 1964  Mats Wilander, Swedish tennis player
 1964  Andrew Wilson, American actor
 1966  Paul Ereng, Kenyan athlete
 1966  Rob Witschge, Dutch footballer
 1967  Yukiko Okada, Japanese singer (d. 1986)
 1967  Layne Staley, American musician (Alice in Chains) (d. 2002)
 1967  Ty Burrell, American actor and comedian
 1967  Adewode Akinnouye-Agbaje, British actor
 1968  Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian businesswoman
 1969  Paola Epifani, Italian artist
 1970  Giada De Laurentiis, Italian-American chef and author
 1971  Richard Armitage, British actor
 1972  Paul Doucette, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and drummer
 1972  Steve Kline, American baseball player and coach
 1973  Howie Dorough, American singer-songwriter, dancer and actor (Backstreet Boys)
 1973  Kristin Wiig, American actress and comedienne
 1975  Rodrigo Santoro, Brazilian actor

From 1976 
 1977  Heidar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
 1977  Jenna Leigh Green, American actress and singer
 1978  Jeff Stinco, Canadian musician (Simple Plan)
 1978  James Corden, English actor and television personality
 1979  Jennifer Finnigan, Canadian actress
 1979  Mia Audina, Indonesian-Dutch badminton player
 1980  Aya Sumika, American actress
 1981  Alex Holmes, American Football player
 1982  Marco Wölfli, Swiss footballer
 1983  Laura Breckenridge, American actress
 1983  Theo Bos, Dutch motorcycle racer
 1984  Lawrence Quaye, Ghanaian-Qatari footballer
 1986  Keiko Kitagawa, Japanese actress
 1986  Monsieur Adi, French musician, record producer and DJ
 1986  Janis Vahter, Estonian basketball player
 1987  Mischa Zverev, Russian-German tennis player
 1991  Federico Macheda, Italian footballer
 1991  Brayden Schenn, Canadian ice hockey player
 1994  Olli Maatta, Finnish ice hockey player
 1995  Dua Lipa, English singer and songwriter
 1999  Dakota Goyo, Canadian actor

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 408  Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
 1155  Emperor Konoe of Japan (b. 1139)
 1188  Ferdinand II of Leon (b. 1137)
 1241  Pope Gregory IX
 1280  Pope Nicholas III (b. 1216)
 1304  John II, Count of Holland (b. 1247)
 1350  King Philip VI of France (b. 1293)
 1358  Isabella, Queen of England (b. 1295)
 1456  Vladislav II of Wallachia
 1485  King Richard III of England (b. 1452)
 1532  William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1450)
 1553  John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (b. 1504)
 1554  Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Spanish conquistador (b. 1510)
 1572  Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland (b. 1528)
 1584  Jan Kochanowski, Polish poet (b. 1530)
 1599  Luca Marenzio, Italian composer (b. 1553)
 1652  Jacob de La Gardie, Swedish soldier and statesman (b. 1583)
 1680  John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
 1701  John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (b. 1628)
 1752  William Whiston, English mathematician, historian and theologian (b. 1667)
 1793  Louis de Noailles, Marshal of France (b. 1713)
 1806  Jean-Honore Fragonard, French painter (b. 1732)
 1818  Warren Hastings, English politician, 1st Governor of Bengal (b. 1732)
 1850  Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian writer (b. 1802)
 1861  Xianfeng, Chinese Emperor (b. 1830)
 1890  Vasile Alecsandri, Romanian poet, writer and politician (b. 1821)
 1891  Jan Neruda, Czech writer (b. 1834)

1901  2000 
 1903  Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
 1922  Michael Collins, Irish political leader (b. 1890)
 1940  Gerald Strickland, British statesman (b. 1861)
 1940  Isidro Goma y Tomas, Spanish cardinal (b. 1869)
 1942  Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1880)
 1944  Luigi Maglione, Italian cardinal (b. 1877)
 1958  Roger Martin du Gard, French writer (b. 1881)
 1961  Ida Siekmann, victim of the Berlin Wall (b. 1902)
 1965  Ellen Church, American flight attendant (b. 1904)
 1967  Gregory Goodwin Pincus, American biologist (b. 1903)
 1976  Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (b. 1902)
 1977  Sebastian Cabot, English-born actor (b. 1918)
 1978  Jomo Kenyatta, President of Kenya (b. 1891)
 1980  Alfred Neubauer, German racing team manager (b. 1891)
 1986  Celal Bayar, 3rd President of Turkey (b. 1883)
 1989  Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev, Russian engineer (b. 1906)
 1989  Huey Newton, American activist (b. 1942)
 1991  Boris Pugo, Soviet-Latvian politician (b. 1937)
 1993  Kasdi Merbah, Algerian politician
 2000  Abulfaz Elchibey, President of Azerbaijan (b. 1938)

From 2001 
 2003  Imperio Argentina, Argentine singer and actress (b. 1906)
 2004  Angus Bethune, Premier of Tasmania (b. 1908)
 2005  Luc Ferrari, French composer (b. 1929)
 2010  Stjepan Bobek, Croatian footballer (b. 1923)
 2011  Jack Layton, Canadian politician, leader of the New Democratic Party (b. 1950)
 2011  Loriot, German humorist, cartoonist, actor and writer (b. 1923)
 2011  Jerry Leiber, American songwriter (b. 1933)
 2012  Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, Chinese cardinal and archbishop (b. 1923)
 2013  Jetty Paerl, Dutch singer (b. 1921)
 2014  U. R. Ananthamurthy, Indian writer and critic (b. 1932)
 2014  Emmanuel Kriaras, Greek lexicographer and philologist (b. 1906)
 2014  John S. Waugh, American chemist (b. 1929)
 2014  Jack Harris, Australian golfer (b. 1922)
 2015  Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer (b. 1922)
 2015  Ieng Thirith, Cambodian politician (b. 1932)
 2015  Merl Reagle, American crossword compiler (b. 1950)
 2015  Jörg Schneider, Swiss actor and comedian (b. 1935)
 2015  Mariem Hassan, Sahrawi singer (b. 1958)
 2016  Sellapan Ramanathan, President of Singapore (b. 1924)
 2016  Toots Thielemans, Belgian jazz musician (b. 1922)
 2017  John Abercrombie, American jazz guitarist (b. 1944)
 2017  Alain Berbérian, Lebanese-born French film director and screenwriter (b. 1953)
 2017  Tony deBrum, Marshallese politician (b. 1945)
 2017  Rishang Keishing, Indian politician (b. 1920)
 2017  Matthew Kia Yen-wen, Taiwanese archbishop (b. 1925)
 2017  Tom Pritchard, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1917)
 2017  Jim Whelan, American politician (b. 1948)
 2017  Michael J. C. Gordon, British computer scientist (b. 1948)
 2017  Pedro Pedrossian, Brazilian politician (b. 1928)
 2018  Tullio Ilomets, Estonian chemist and science historian (b. 1921)
 2018  Ed King, American guitarist (b. 1949)
 2018  Lazy Lester, American blues guitarist (b. 1933)
 2018  Richard Kadison, American mathematician (b. 1925)
 2019  Junior Agogo, Ghanaian footballer (b. 1979)
 2019  Gary Ray Bowles, American serial killer (b. 1962)
 2019  Tim Fischer, Australian politician (b. 1946)
 2019  Tom Nissalke, American basketball coach (b. 1932)

Observances 
 Flag Day (Russia)

Days of the year