cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Marojejy National Park is a national Park of Madagascar in northeastern Madagascar.

Wildlife 

Thus, abundant forest habitats Marojejy host a great diversity of life often original. This is confirmed by surveys of some groups of animals. For example:
 More species of birds are found only forest Marojejy but in no other place in Madagascar mountain. 118 species of birds have been recorded in or around the park, of which 75 are forest (almost forest-dependent ). Each of these 75 species are endemic to the region of Madagascar.

 Eleven species of lemurs have been recorded so far in Marojejy. Some are endangered, mostly due to habitat loss. One of the most serious threat is the silky sifaka ( Propithecus candidus candidus ), a member of the family indris . This beautiful lemur with a silky white fur, is known only in the forests of this region.

 147 species of reptiles and amphibians have been recorded so far in Marojejy. This represents over a quarter of all species currently known in Madagascar is the greatest diversity of reptiles and amphibians known to all protected areas in Madagascar. Seventeen of these species are endemic to Marojejy.

Camps 
Three camps located at different altitudes allow visitors to sleep in the forest. Bungalows made of wood and tarpaulin, shelter meals, a kitchenette with the availability of coal and stove and a toilet and a shower.
 Mantella camp ( 475 m ) altitude
 Marojejia camp ( 775 m ) altitude
 Simpona camp ( 1275 m ) altitude

Illegal lodging 
It was estimated that between 23 325 and 46 650 trees of Rosewood were gunned down illegally in national parks Marojejy and Masoala for 2009. The year 2010 was marked by the intensification of cuts but rather in the Masoala National Park and the Makira Protected Area.

References

Other websites 
 The Friends of Marojejy National Park – Information, photos, maps, brochures, and species lists
 Silky Sifaka Conservation in Marojejy 
Trouble in Lemur Land – a professional 50 minute HD film about illegal rosewood logging in Madagascar and the impact on the silky sifaka lemur
 Angels of the Forest Marojejy Film
 Dan Rather Reports Marojejy Documentary
 Carte Blanche Marojejy Documentary Part 1 
 Carte Blanche Marojejy Documentary Part 2 
Madagascar
National parks in Africa
Luigi Bruins (born 9 March 1987 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch footballer who currently plays for FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.

Bruins was born in Rotterdam and is of Italian descent.

Career

Club
He started playing football at the age of six with Excelsior Rotterdam. He ran through all youth teams of this club. Bruins made his professional debut for Excelsior in the season 2004–05. On January 28, 2005, Bruins came in for Santi Kolk in the 78th minute of the Eerste Divisie away match against FC Eindhoven (3-0). This was the only match in his first season. The next season he had his breakthrough. Bruins scored his first professional goal in the season opening away match against Cambuur Leeuwarden (0-1) on August 12, 2005. With Excelsior he became champion in the Dutch  Eerste Divisie  in the 2005/06 season.

After the promotion the team stayed in the Eere Divisie. Bruins made his Eredivisie debut on August 19, 2006, in the home match against Roda JC (0-1)and scored his first Eredivisie goals on September 9, 2006 against  SC Heerenveen(3-1). In 2007 he signed with Feyenoord Rotterdam. In his first season he played 27 matches and scored six goals

In the next season he was often injured so he lost his place in the first squad. After the end of his contract he signed in October 2011 with FC Red Bull Salzburg. He played his first match for his new team on 15 October 2011 versus Wacker Innsbruck, where he came on in the second half.

International
Bruins was part of the Netherlands U21 winning the 2007 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship. In the final match he scored the last goal in the 4-1 victory over SerbiaU-21.

Statistics

References

1987 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Sportspeople from Rotterdam
The Institution of Electrical Engineers (I.E.E., pronounced I-double-E or I-E-E) was a British professional organisation of electronics, electrical, manufacturing, and Information Technology professionals. It focused on electrical engineers. The I.E.E. was founded in 1871 as the Society of Telegraph Engineers. It changed its name in 1880 to the Society of Telegraph Engineers and Electricians. The name changed again to the Institution of Electrical Engineers in 1889. It was Incorporated by a Royal Charter in 1921. In 2006, the I.E.E. merged with the Institution of Incorporated Engineers (I.I.E.) to form the Institution of Engineering and Technology (I.E.T.). Before the merger, the I.E.E. was the largest professional engineering society in Europe, with a worldwide membership of around 120,000.

Other websites
Institution of Engineering and Technology
Engineering Council UK
IET Digital Library
IET Publishing 

Organisations based in the United Kingdom
In linguistics, a participle is a word that shares some characteristics of both verbs and adjectives. Examples of participle formation are:

As noun-modifiers, participles usually precede the noun (like adjectives), but in many cases they can or must follow it:
The visiting dignitaries devoured the baked apples.
Please bring all the documents required. (= Please bring all the documents that are required.)
The difficulties encountered were nearly insurmountable. (= The difficulties that were encountered were nearly insurmountable.)

Present participles 
The present participle in English has the same form as the gerund, but the gerund acts as a noun rather than a verb or a modifier. The word sleeping in Your job description does not include sleeping is a gerund and not a present participle.

While English past participles, like past tense forms, are sometimes irregular, all English present participles are regular, being formed with the suffix -ing.
The present participle in English is in the active voice and is used for: 
forming the progressive aspect: Jim was sleeping.
modifying a noun as an adjective: Let sleeping dogs lie. (= Let dogs that are sleeping lie.)
modifying a verb or sentence in clauses: Broadly speaking, the project was successful.

Past participles 
The past participle may be used in both active and passive voices:
forming the perfect: The chicken has eaten.
forming the passive voice: The chicken was eaten.
modifying a noun, with active sense: our fallen comrades (= our comrades who have fallen)
modifying a noun, with passive sense: the attached files (= the files that have been attached)
modifying a verb or sentence, with passive sense: Seen from this perspective, the problem presents no easy solution. (= When it is seen from this perspective,....)

Passive participles 
Passive participles reflect past action in the passive voice, for example
The dog, having been praised by its master, was happy, or more commonly, The dog, praised by its master, was happy.

Even irregular past participle verbs often follow the format -en or -ne, as may be seen from above.  For examples:

References 

Parts of speech
Diary of a Mad Black Woman is a 2005 movie. It was based on a play written by Tyler Perry. The movie starred Kimberly Elise, Shemar Moore, Cicely Tyson, Steve Harris, and Tyler Perry. The movie was directed by Darren Grant. It was released in the US on February 25, 2005. The movie became the top-grossing film in the United States in mid-March of 2005.

Plot 
Kimberly Elise portrays Helen McCarter, a depressed woman living in Atlanta with her husband Charles (Steve Harris). When Charles decides he wants to marry his "other woman" Brenda, he literally drags Helen out the door. With no place to go, Helen goes to live with her grandmother Mabel "Madea" Simmons (Tyler Perry) in the ghetto. Madea assists Helen in getting her life back under control with the help of Helen's mother Myrtle Jean (Cicely Tyson), Madea's brother Joe (Tyler Perry), and Brian (Tyler Perry), her attorney relative.

Characters 
 Kimberly Elise as Helen Simmons-McCarter
 Steve Harris as Charles McCarter
 Shemar Moore as Orlando
 Cicely Tyson as Myrtle Jean-Simmons
 Lisa Marcos as Brenda
 Tamara Taylor as Debrah Baker
 Tiffany Evans as Tiffany Baker
 Tyler Perry as Madea Simmons / Joe Baker / Brian Baker
 Gary Anthony Sturgis as Jamison Milton Jackson
 Tamela Mann (cameo) as Cora Simmons
 Judge Mablean Ephriam (cameo) as herself

References

Other websites 
 
 
 
 
 

2005 movies
American comedy movies
Movies set in Atlanta, Georgia

English-language movies
Movies about divorce
Lionsgate movies
Crash Bandicoot is a platform game made by Naughty Dog in 1996 for the PlayStation, featuring the character by the same name. In it, Crash must fight Dr. Neo Cortex's henchmen (bosses) in order to save Tawna, his beloved bandicoot girlfriend for revenge on Cortex. The game sold 6.8 million copies, becoming the 8th best-selling PlayStation video games of all time.

Gameplay
Crash Bandicoot has 33 levels. Two of these levels can be activated by collecting a key. Each level has a particular theme. No theme is shared by more than two levels. For example, on two levels, Crash runs toward the camera from a boulder (that is heading towards him), an allusion to Indiana Jones. On another level, henchmen throw barrels of toxic waste at Crash as he progresses toward the level's goal. There are also unlockable bonus levels by collecting three Nitrus Brio, Dr. Cortex (only in 2 levels) and Tawna icons. These pictures are always in boxes which gives the player a reason to break open boxes since you can't save your progress unless you complete a Tawna bonus round or a Cortex bonus round. You can also save by collecting a gem.

You can also collect gems in Crash Bandicoot. To collect a gem, you must break all the boxes on that level without losing a life. There are several different colored gems in the game. Some levels require that you complete another level before every box on a certain level is revealed. For example, the Jungle Rollers level requires that you collect the green gem from the Lost City level before every box on that level is unmasked.

Bosses 
The boss levels feature the following characters, in order of appearance:
Papu Papu
Ripper Roo
Koala Kong
Pinstripe Potoroo
Dr. Nitrus Brio 
Dr. Neo Cortex

Scores
GameSpot: 6.8 out of 10
IGN: 7.5 out of 10
Gaming Target: 9.3 out of 10
The Electric Playground: 8 out of 10
All Game Guide: 4 out of 5
Electronic Gaming Monthly: 8.3 out of 10

References

Other websites 

The Official Crash Bandicoot Website
Crash Bandicoot on GameFaqs
Crash Bandicoot on GameSpot
Crash Bandicoot on Crash Mania 
Crash Bandicoot on Papu's Planet
Crash Bandicoot on Sagertooth' Game Facts
Crash Bandicoot on Pura's Place

PlayStation games
1996 video games
Crash Bandicoot games
Naughty Dog games
Messerschmitt AG was a German aircraft manufacturer.  It was founded in 1916, re-founded in 1938, and named for designer Willy Messerschmitt.  It was headquarted in Augsburg, Germany.  It made most of the fighter planes the Germans used in World War II.  They made the Bf 109 and 110 fighter plane, the Me 321 transport plane and the Me 262 "Swallow" jet fighter.  Many of their plane parts were made by people from concentration camps.  After the war, the company made cars, bicycles, and prefab homes.  In 1969, Messerschmitt merged with Bölkow and Blohm, and today exists as EADS Germany

Aviation
José Álvaro Osorio Balvin (J Balvin) is a Colombian reggaeton singer.

Biography 
Balvin was born in a middle-class family in Medellín, Colombia, on May 7, 1985. He is the son of José Álvaro Osorio and Alba Mery Balvin and has a younger sister named Carolina, who is a model. His father was an economist and businessman, and grew up in a large house in the hills outside the city. He grew up listening to rock bands like Metallica and Nirvana, and claims that he incorporates grunge aesthetics into his personal style by having a Nirvana tattoo on his knee. He developed an interest in reggaeton after listening to Daddy Yankee. He recalls that "I was such a fan that I copied his style, the way he moved on stage, his flows, his raps," comparing him to reggaeton's Jay-Z. His father's business went bankrupt and his family lost their homes and cars, demanding that the family move to a poorer neighborhood. During this period of his life, J Balvin observes: "When I went into the favela, people saw me as a rich person, but when I'm around rich people, they see me as someone from the ghetto. They are all perceptions. I like to move between the worlds. I feel equally comfortable in both. ".

When J Balvin was 17, he attended an English exchange program in Oklahoma, but was disappointed by the experience, saying, "I was expecting the US that everyone knows about Hollywood." Shortly after the experience, he moved to New York to study English and music, living with an aunt in Staten Island and working as a dog walker. During his time in New York, he was fascinated by the business knowledge of rappers 50 Cent and P. Diddy of New York. J Balvin worked in various jobs in New York, Miami and Medellin, including working illegally in the United States as a carpenter and house painter. He finally decided to return to Colombia and began performing at various urban clubs in Medellín and increasing his social media afterwards. He enrolled at the prestigious EAFIT University in Medellin for seven semesters studying international business. At 19, he began to seriously pursue a career in music and adopted the stage name J Balvin "El Negocio", which means "the Business" in Portuguese.

He met his DJ and business partner David Rivera Mazo in a freestyle street battle in Medellin. The two became friends and began producing and promoting their own music without a record label. The first songs by J Balvin were described as "basically poor imitations of Puerto Rican commercial reggaeton," but he soon adopted a more relaxed and minimalist style in his music. He signed with EMI Colombia in 2009 and soon afterwards released the single "Ella Me Cautivó", which was 35th place on the Billboard Tropical Songs chart. His first international success was the one-night " Yo Te Lo Dije, " and he signed with Universal's subsidiary, Capitol Latin, a year later.

References

Other websites 
 
 Card in Colarte 

Colombian singers
Songwriters
1985 births
Living people
Reggaeton
Latin Grammy Award winners
Killers is a 1997 movie directed by David Michael Latt and distributed by The Asylum.

Actors
Kim Little: Heather
Paul Logan: Nicky
Scott Carson
Jeff Mills: EMT

Plot
Some killers wants to kill people who have stolen drugs for them.

Other websites

1997 movies
English-language movies
The northern cricket frog (Acris crepitans) is a species of small Hylid frogs. They are native to the United States and northeastern Mexico. Northern cricket frogs are small frogs, between 0.75 and 1.5 inches (19–38 mm) long. They eat crickets and small insects. They usually reproduce in April through May. Tadpoles hatch within a few days.

References

Other websites
Animal Diversity Web: Acris crepitans
USGS: Northern Cricket Frog
Frogs & Toads of Georgia: Acris crepitans crepitans 

Frogs
Theodore Samuel "Ted" Williams (born Teddy Samuel; August 30, 1918 - July 5, 2002) was an American professional baseball player for Boston Red Sox. He was the last player in Major League Baseball to go past a batting average of .400 (40%) in a single season. Williams  was born in San Diego, California.

Williams died on July 5, 2002 from cardiac arrest in Inverness, Florida, aged 83. His head is chronologically frozen.

References

 

1918 births
2002 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Cryonically preserved people
American baseball players
Boston Red Sox players
Sportspeople from San Diego, California
(554–628) was the 33rd Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Her reign started in 593 and ended in 628.  Historians consider details about the life of Empress Suiko to be possibly legendary, but probable. The name Suiko-tennō was created for her posthumously by later generations.

The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

In the history of Japan, Suiko was the first of eight women to be empress. The seven others were: (a) Kōgyoku/Saimei, (b) Jitō, (c) Gemmei, (d) Genshō, (e) Kōken/Shōtoku, (f) Meishō, and (g) Go-Sakuramachi.

Traditional history
Suiko was the third daughter of Emperor Kimmei. She was the half-sister of Emperor Yōmei and Emperor Sushun.

Suiko was also a wife of Emperor Bidatsu.

Events of Suiko's life
When Suiko became empress, she ended a power struggle for the throne after the deaths of emperors who were her brothers.

 593 : In the 2nd year of Emperor Sushun's reign, he died.  The next monarch  was his half-sister who became known as Empress Suiko.  This succession was confirmed in ceremonies.

Prince Shōtoku was the most important man in Suko's court.

In 599, an earthquake destroyed buildings in Yamato province which is now known as Nara Prefecture.

The reign of this empress was marked by the opening of relations with the Sui court in 600.

The use of the Sexegenary cycle calendar (Jikkan Jūnishi) in Japan is credited to Empress Suiko in 604.

 604:  In the 12 year of Suiko's reign (the Suiko period), Japan organized its earliest Imperial calendar.

Suiko ruled for 35 years. She abdicated in 628.

After her death 

Suiko died in 628.  This empress' official name after her death (her posthumous name) was regularized only after death.  Her reign name means "to reason from antiquity."

The actual site of Suiko's grave is known.  This empress is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Osaka.

The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Suiko's mausoleum.  It is formally named Shinaga no Yamada no misasagi.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Suiko seamount
 Japanese empresses

References

Other websites

554 births
628 deaths
Emperors of Japan
Berkshire Hathaway is an investment company mostly owned and controlled by Warren Buffett.  It owns many different companies.  It owns several companies completely, and holds large portions of other companies.  It has 27,000 shareholders, and Bill Gates is one of the company's directors.

It takes its name from a textile mill that was started in 1839, bought by Buffett in 1964, and closed in 1985.

Since Berkshire Hathaway's stock has gained a lot of value and never split, a single share of "A stock" is now worth over $400,000.  Because of this, there is a "B" stock that sells for a small fraction of the "A stock".

Companies Berkshire Hathaway owns completely
(partial list)
Ben Bridge Jewelers (jewelers, since 2000)
Benjamin Moore (paint, since 2000)
Burlington Northern Santa Fe (railroads, since 2009)
Clayton Homes (building, since 2003)
Dairy Queen (ice cream retail, since 1997)
Fruit of the Loom (underwear, since 2002)
GEICO (insurance, since 1996)
General Re (insurance, since 1998)
Russell Brands (sportswear, since 2006)
See's Candies (chocolate)

Companies Berkshire Hathaway owns big portion of

American Express Co. (banking, 12.6%)
Bank of America
BYD (Chinese automotives, 9.9%)
Coca-Cola Company (soft drinks, 8.6%)
ConocoPhillips (5.6%)
Costco
General Electric
Goldman Sachs
Home Depot
Kraft Foods (food, 5.6%)
MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company (energy, 83.7%)
Moody's (banking, 12.5%)
M&T Bank (banking, 15.9%)
Procter & Gamble (3.3%)
Union Pacific Railroad
Washington Post (publishing, 18.1%)
Wells Fargo (banking, 19.0%)

American financial companies
Insurance companies
The naval Battle of Valcour Island took place on October 11, 1776 on Lake Champlain. The battle was also known as the Battle of Valcour Bay. The main battle had took place in Valcour Bay, a strait between the New York mainland and Valcour Island. The battle was known as one of the first naval battles of the American Revolutionary War. It was also known as one of the first battle from the Royal Navy. Benedict Arnold demanded that the Americans flee from their ships. The ships were destroyed by a British force, which was controlled by General Guy Charleton. The British had planned to reach the upper Hudson River valley, however the American defense of Lake Champlain stalled the British from reaching it.

In June 1776, The Continental Army had moved away from enemy forces in Quebec to Fort Ticonderoga and Fort Crown Point. They had spent that summer fixing their forts and building more ships to build their army. General Carleton had a 9,000 man army at Fot Saint-Jean. However, he needed to build an object to carry all of them over the lake. The Americans had either taken or destroyed most of the ships on the lake.

On October 11, Arnold took the British vessels to a different location. He had chosen to give the British limited advantages. Many American ships were damaged or destroyed during the battle. Arnold had took the American vessels past the British vessels during that night. He had took them toward Crown Point and Ticonderoga. However, because of dangerous weather, more of the vessels were captured or burned before they had reached Crown Point.  When Arnold had reached Crown Point he had the fort's buildings burned. He then left to Ticonderoga.

Thomas Pringle, James Dacres, Edward Pellew and John Schank, who were officers, had became admirals in the Royal Navy. Valcour Bay, where the battle had begun, is now a National Historic Landmark. The USS Philadelphia, which had sank after the battle on October 11, was risen from the ocean in 1934. USS Spitfire, which was located in 1997, is on the National Register of Historic Places.

References 
Footnotes

Citations

Further reading 

 (This book is primarily about Arnold's service on the American side in the Revolution, giving overviews of the periods before the war and after he changes sides.)

 This work contains detailed specifications for most of the watercraft used in this action, as well as copies of draft documents for some of them.

Other websites 
Contemporary sketch of Arnold's fleet 
Other maritime landmarks from the National Park Service
James P. Millard's detailed historical charts, list of ships, period images, and modern photographs 
Battle of Valcour Island with pictures 
The Story of Lake Champlain's Valcour Island 
Valcour Bay Research Project  of the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum 
Lake Champlain underwater preserves  including pictures of underwater Revolutionary War artifacts

1776 in New York (state)
Battles of the American Revolutionary War
October events
Valcour Bay is a strait between the New York mainland and Valcour Island. It is four miles south from Plattsburgh, New York. The bay was where the Battle of Valcour Island had happened during the American Revolutionary War. On October 11, 1776, the presence of an American fleet on the west shore of Lake Champlain, at Valcour Bay, hampered the British and allowed an American victory at Saratoga a year later, a turning point in the Revolutionary War. In 1961 Valcour Bay was declared a National Historic Landmark.

References

American Revolutionary War
Straits
Valcour Island lies in Lake Champlain, forming a strait against the New York mainland.  On October 11, 1776, a naval engagement known as the Battle of Valcour Island was fought in that strait between British and United States naval forces.

Other websites 
  Valcour Island information 
  Battle of Valcour Island

Islands of New York
"Bleeding Love" is a song by Leona Lewis. It was released as her official second single on 29 October 2007 from her first album Spirit. The song is written and produced by Ryan Tedder. 

"Bleeding Love" is said to be like a classic Prince record, or Whitney Houston's "My Love Is Your Love".

Lewis had performed the song on the live show of the fourth series of The X Factor.

Certifications

References

2007 songs
Leona Lewis
TBS (Turner Broadcasting System) is an American cable TV network that shows sports and variety programming. TBS is well known for its broadcasts of the Atlanta Braves Major League Baseball team and various National Basketball Association games. TBS also shows reruns of popular network television shows from the past.

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists library
During the 1980s, WTBS focused heavily on movies – running two films during the day, and a movie-exclusive schedule during the nighttime hours after 8:00 p.m., with the exception of sports events. At other times, WTBS continued to run mostly classic sitcoms, and vintage cartoons. In 1986, when Ted Turner purchased Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists (which he would sell back to previous owner Kirk Kerkorian that October due to debt incurred by the Turner Broadcasting System from its purchase of the film studio), WTBS gained the rights to the entire MGM film library (including certain acquisitions by MGM). This gave WTBS the rights to air many theatrical cartoon shorts such as Tom & Jerry, Barney Bear, Tex Avery, and The Pink Panther, as well as shows like Gilligan's Island and CHiPs.

Along with Tom & Jerry, WTBS began to run The Little Rascals, Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies cartoons released prior to August 1948, theatrical Popeye cartoon shorts, and Three Stooges shorts under the banner Tom & Jerry and Friends running for either one hour or 90 minutes during the morning hours and for an hour in the afternoon from 1986 until the mid-1990s. In the late 1980s, WTBS decreased the number of movies broadcast during the day slightly and began to add sitcoms from the 1970s (such as Happy Days, The Jeffersons, Good Times and One Day at a Time) to the evening lineup; Little House on the Prairie aired during the late mornings continuously from 1986 to 2003.

References

Other websites 
Official Site of TBS
Official Site of Turner Broadcasting
Clips of 17 Update Early in the Morning maintained by former anchor Bill Tush 
http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news.aspx?date=12/11/08&id=20081211turner01

American television networks
Time Warner
Companies based in Atlanta, Georgia
1976 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)

bg:Turner Broadcasting System
Good Luck Charlie is an American sitcom. It was created by Phil Baker and Drew Vaupen. They wanted to create a program that would appeal to entire families, not just children. Production began in August 2009. The show premiered on Disney Channel in the United States on April 4, 2010. It premiered in Canada on April 5, 2010. It premiered in the United Kingdom and Ireland on May 14, 2010. It premiered in Colorado america on July 23, 2010. In March 2011, a feature-length Christmas Disney Channel Original Movie based on the series, entitled Good Luck Charlie, It's Christmas!, began production for a December 2011 premiere. In June 2013, Disney Channel announced that the series would end its run after four seasons. The finale aired on February 16, 2014, with a one-hour episode.

Plot
The show is about the Duncan family, which is made up of Teddy, PJ, Gabe, Bob, Amy and Charlie Duncan. In each episode, Teddy records a video diary about her everyday life; it also gives advice to Charlie for when she grows up. At the end of the diary Teddy states the show's name (Good Luck Charlie) after a problem or situation happens or is solved. However, the original idea of "Good Luck Charlie" was "Love Teddy".

Cast
 Bridgit Mendler as Teddy Duncan
 Jason Dolley as PJ Duncan
 Bradley Steven Perry as Gabe Duncan 
 Eric Allan Kramer as Bob Duncan
 Leigh Allyn Baker as Amy Duncan
 Mia Talerico as Charlie Duncan

International adaptation
An Indian adaptation of the show titled Best of Luck Nikki, premiered on Disney Channel India on April 3, 2011. Sheena Bajaj plays Dolly Singh, a character similar to that of Teddy Duncan, Ananya Kolvankar portrays Nikita "Nikki" Singh, a character similar to that of Charlie and Gurdeep Kohli portrays Himani Singh, a character similar to that of Amy. The series ran successfully for 4 seasons, 104 episodes and 3 special episodes and ended on April 16, 2016.

A Pakistani adaptation of the show titled Peek-A-Boo Shahwaiz premiered on Play Entertainment from 15 July 2018.

Awards

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 Good Luck Charlie wiki

2010s American television series
2011 American television series debuts
2014 American television series endings
American sitcoms
Disney Channel shows
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
Shake It Up! is a Disney Channel original series starring Bella Thorne, Zendaya Coleman, and Roshon Fegan. The show is in a show-within-a-show format. It premiered on November 7, 2010. In 2011, Disney Channel confirmed that a movie based on the show is currently being produced.

Plot
Two best friends (CeCe Jones and Rocky Blue) land a job as background dancers in a show, "Shake It Up! Chicago" thanks to their friend Deuce. The show follows their adventures in the show and features problems and issues such as; their new social status, rivals on the show, and even the ultimate test: the strength of their friendship.

Cast 
 Bella Thorne as CeCe Jones
 Zendaya as Rocky Blue
 Davis Cleveland as Flynn Jones
 Roshon Fegan as Ty Blue
 Adam Irigoyen as Deuce Martinez
 Kenton Duty as Gunther Hessenheffer (seasons 1-2)
 Caroline Sunshine as Tinka Hessenheffer  (seasons 2-3, season 1 recurring)

Recurring
 R. Brandon Johnson as Gary Wilde
 Anita Barone as Georgia Jones
 Carla Renata as Marcie Blue
 Buddy Handleson as Henry
 Ainsley Bailey as Dina Garcia

Episodes

Season 1 (2010/11)
 Davis Cleveland was absent for two episodes.
 Adam Irigoyen was absent for three episodes.
 Roshon Fegan was absent for four episodes.
 Kenton Duty was absent for nine episodes.

Season 2 (2011/12)
 This is Kenton Duty's last season of the show
 Caroline Sunshine joins the main cast.
 Davis Cleveland was absent for four episodes.
 Adam Irigoyen and Roshon Fegan was absent for eight episodes.
 Kenton Duty and Caroline Sunshine was absent for fourteen episodes.

Season 3 (2012/13)
 Gunther Hessenheffer (Kenton Duty) is no longer part of the main cast. This was the final season of the show.
 Adam Irigoyen was absent for five episodes.
 Roshon Fegan was absent for five episodes.
 Caroline Sunshine was absent for ten episodes.

Awards and nominations

Indian adaptation

In 2013, an Indian adaptation of the show with the same name was made. It premiered on Disney Channel India on March 30, 2013. However, it is centered on two teenage boys as opposed to two teenage girls. Like most Indian adaptations, the episodes are similar to the original. The series ran for one season only.

References

Other websites 
 
 
 

American sitcoms
2010s American television series
2010 American television series debuts
2013 American television series endings
Disney Channel shows
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
"Indian Camp" is a short story written by Ernest Hemingway.

Plot
Nick Adams goes with his father, a doctor, to an Indian camp. A pregnant woman is having difficulty giving birth. The baby is found to be backwards in the womb, and Dr. Adams is forced to perform a Caesarean operation. After the procedure is successful, Nick's father looks on the top bunk of the bed to see if the woman's husband was okay.  The man had committed suicide with a razor during the labor. 

This is the first Nick Adams story and shows the characterization of the father/son relationship between Nick and Dr. Adams.

Further reading 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1924
20th-century American short stories
"Help Wanted" is the pilot episode of SpongeBob SquarePants. It is the first episode of the first season. It first aired on May 1, 1999.

Plot 
SpongeBob gets ready to apply for a job at the Krusty Krab. He is encouraged by his best friend, a starfish named Patrick. When he arrives, he asks a crab named Mr. Krabs to start work. SpongeBob's neighbor, an octopus named Squidward, does not want SpongeBob to get a job. Mr. Krabs agrees to hire him if he gets a special spatula. As SpongeBob looks for it, a lot of anchovies appear at the Krusty Krab. SpongeBob returns with his spatula and cooks hamburgers for them. He is then hired by Mr. Krabs.

References

Other websites 
 

SpongeBob SquarePants episodes
1999 television episodes
"Christmas Who?" (also known as "The SpongeBob Christmas Special") is the 28 episode of the second season of SpongeBob SquarePants. The special received positive feedback. A reviewer on Reviewstream.com calls it "a great story of the holiday spirit". The special currently ranks a high 9.1 out of 10 on TV.com.

Plot
SpongeBob is sneaking up to Sandy's tree dome to perform his new karate move, and sees Sandy lighting up her tree to look like a Christmas tree. SpongeBob, mistaking the lights for fire, freaks out and runs in and splashes water on Sandy. Sandy realizes that SpongeBob never seen a Christmas tree before, and does not know what the holiday is. While learning of the holiday and its activities, SpongeBob begins to spread the joy throughout the city of Bikini Bottom. He tells everyone that Santa Claus will give you presents if you write him letters.

While everyone decorates and writes letters to Santa, Squidward refuses to believe in Santa and all the Christmas cheer. On Christmas Eve, everyone waits outside singing for Santa, while Squidward goes to sleep. The next morning, it turns out Santa never came, and soon, everyone becomes angry with SpongeBob. After everyone has left, SpongeBob becomes heartbroken. His pain is only made worse when Squidward comes out and makes fun of him. SpongeBob gives Squidward a present that he would have given him so he would not feel left out if Santa came. Squidward unwraps the present to find a carved wooden clarinet, hand-made by SpongeBob. He becomes very happy, and becomes regretful of his actions. 

When SpongeBob begins taking the lights off of his home, Squidward soon appears dressed as Santa Claus. Santa informs SpongeBob that he brought the holiday to Bikini Bottom by just spreading the word, which makes SpongeBob faint. Squidward gives all the fish his belongings to make SpongeBob and the people happy.

When it's all over, Squidward has nothing left and takes off the suit. SpongeBob then tells him everything he missed. That's when Squidward finds a note at his doorstep from Santa. Squidward then looks up to see the real Santa in his sleigh flying out of Bikini Bottom, laughing with joy.

References

Other websites 
 

SpongeBob SquarePants episodes
2000 in American television
2000 television episodes
Christmas television episodes
"Graveyard Shift" is the 36th episode of the second season of SpongeBob SquarePants. Reviewstream had given a positive feedback, stating that it is a "funny episode," although stating that "it might frighten younger viewers." A DVD Verdict critic also stated the episode to be one of his favorites, stating that it had a "funny dialogue." DVD Talk also gave a positive score.

Plot 
The Krusty Krab closes, and Squidward is excited, but Mr. Krabs realises that more profit would be gained if it was open 24 hours a day, so he does that. SpongeBob is really excited, while Squidward is extremely annoyed. Squidward scares SpongeBob with tales of the hash-slinging slasher. According to Squidward, he was a frycook at the Krusty Krab many years ago. When he was making Krabby Patties, he accidentally cut off his own hand, and later replaced it with a rusty spatula. He was run over by a bus, and fired at his funeral. Every Tuesday night, his ghost comes to the place and haunts it.

There are three signs of his arrival, which are:
1 - The lights will flicker on and off.
2 - The phone will ring, and there will be nobody there.
3 - He will arrive in the ghost of the bus which ran him over, and he crosses the road without looking both ways, because he's already dead.
Later that night, everything that Squidward says actually happens. He and SpongeBob are really scared, until they find out that the so-called hash-slinging slasher is actually a person who wants a job application, and hung up on the phone because he was nervous.

References 

SpongeBob SquarePants episodes
2002 in American television
2002 television episodes
"Sailor Mouth" is the 38th episode of the second season of SpongeBob SquarePants. The episode was watched by 8.7 million viewers. Erik Wiese, a member of the SpongeBob SquarePants crew, stated that "Sailor Mouth" was one of his favorite episodes because of its random and satirical nature, saying "Sometimes SpongeBob just catches me off-guard."

Plot 
SpongeBob and Patrick discover a swear word written on the Krusty Krab dumpster. Although SpongeBob is unsure of its meaning, Patrick tells him that it is a 'sentence enhancer' that will make them sound "fancy". The two repeat the word while being in the Krusty Krab. They also repeat the word over the loudspeaker. However, the two regret saying it after Mr. Krabs had spoken to them about the word being highly inappropriate. They are told that the curse word is number eleven in a list of thirteen bad words total. Later, SpongeBob loses a game to Patrick and says the word again. SpongeBob and Patrick race to the Krusty Krab to tell Mr. Krabs. Mr. Krabs is mad, and punishes them by having to paint the Krusty Krab building. When Mr. Krabs trips on a rock he screams all 13 bad words. 

SpongeBob and Patrick, followed by Mr. Krabs, rush to Mama Krabs' house to tell on Mr. Krabs. All three begin tattling on one another to Mama Krabs. Mama Krabs, overwhelmed by the bad words, faints and then falls to the ground. After regaining consciousness, Mama Krabs  then puts all three to work painting her house. While watching them paint, Mama Krabs hurts herself and begins yelling out in pain. The three look at Mama Krabs in shock, thinking that she is using one of the swear words. However, they all begin to laugh when they discover that a neighbor was honking the horn of his old jalopy, which happened to always occur exactly with her outburst.

References 

SpongeBob SquarePants episodes
2001 in American television
2001 television episodes
Television episodes about profanity
In biology, trinomial nomenclature is used to name living things at a rank lower than species. The term trinomial nomenclature means "three-part name" or "system of three-part names".  

If living things r than species get a scientific name, each name has three parts.  The first part indicates the genus, the second part indicates the species, and the third part is particular to the living thing (at whatever rank it has been assigned).

Related pages
 Biological classification
 Binomial nomenclature

Taxonomy
The Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus) or Siberian white crane or snow crane, is a critically endangered crane.  They occur in three groups: the eastern group, which migrates from eastern Siberia to China, the central group, which migrates from western Siberia to India, and the western group, which migrate from western Russia to Iran

Description 
Adult Siberian cranes are 140 cm (5 ft) tall and weight 6 kg (13 lbs).  Their plumage is pure white, except for some wing feathers, which are black.  The front of the face does not have any feathers and is reddish in color.

Populations 
Adult Siberian cranes are 140 cm (5 ft) tall and weight 6 kg (13 lbs). Their plumage is pure white, except for some wing feathers, which are black. The front of the face does not have any feathers and is reddish in color.The Siberian crane is a migratory species with three major populations, or groups.

The eastern group is estimated to contain around 3000-4000 cranes, over 95% of the total population.   In 2008, 3,750 individuals were counted at Poyang Lake in China, one of the breeding sites.   This group of cranes breeds in the Yakutia region of northeastern Siberia and spends the winter in the Yangtze River valley.  However, cranes sometimes are found in areas like Mongolia, Japan, and Korea, although they do not breed there.

The central group is believed to breed in western Siberia, especially along the Ob River.  These cranes spend the winter in India.  Although no one has actually tracked a crane on its migration route, researchers believe the cranes in Siberia fly over Kazakhstan and Afghanistan to reach India's Keoladeo National Park.  They believe this because cranes were seen in Kazakhstan and may have even nested there, and several cranes are known to stop in Afghanistan's lakes during their migration.  However, cranes of the central group were last seen in 2002, and there were only four cranes.  Therefore, many believe this group is now extinct.

References 

Critically endangered species
Cranes
The Climb is a song performed by Miley Cyrus. It was released in 2009 as part of Hannah Montana: The Movie. The song received strong musical ranks on the charts worldwide.

2009 songs
Miley Cyrus songs
A light machine gun, or LMG, is a type of machine gun that is designed to be used by only one soldier. Light machine guns are often used as squad automatic weapons.

About LMGs
The caliber of cartridge that modern light machine guns fire are usually less than medium machine guns. They are also usually lighter. However, a light machine gun can be noticed by the role it plays in a battle. Some machine guns, such as general-purpose machine guns, can be used as either a light machine gun or a medium machine gun. If it uses a bipod and fires in short bursts, it is a light machine gun. If it is used on a tripod and fires automatically for a long time, it is a medium machine gun.

It is possible to fire a light machine gun from the hip, or on the move. This pins down the enemy. Marching fire relies on this. Otherwise, light machine guns are usually fired while lying down and using a bipod.

Ammunition
Many light machine guns (such as the Bren gun or the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle) got their ammunition from a magazine. Others, such as the MG 34, could get their ammunition from either a belt or a magazine. Modern light machine guns are designed to fire more bullets that have a smaller caliber. Because of this, they are usually belt-fed.

History
Light machine guns were first brought into service in World War I to make the infantry more powerful.  By the end of World War II, one light machine gun was given to a section or squad.

Examples 
Two examples of light machine guns are:
Bren
FN Minimi

Related pages 
 Heavy machine gun
 Squad automatic weapon
 General-purpose machine gun
 Assault rifle

References
Edward Estlin Cummings (October 14, 1894 – September 3, 1962) or best known as E. E. Cummings was an American poet. He is also known for his works as a painter, essayist, author, and playwright. He had created about 2,900 poems, two autobiographical novels, four plays and several essays. E. E. Cummings had done a lot of drawings as well as paintings. He is best known as the preeminent voice of 20th century poetry.

References
 Bloom, Harold, Twentieth-century American literature, New York : Chelsea House Publishers, 1985-1988. .
 
 Friedman, Norman (editor), E. E. Cummings: A Collection of Critical Essays. 
 Friedman, Norman, E. E. Cummings: The Art of his Poetry.
 James, George, E. E. Cummings: A Bibliography.
 
 McBride, Katharine, A Concordance to the Complete Poems of E.E.Cummings.
 Mott, Christopher. "The Cummings Line on Race ." Spring: The Journal of the E. E. Cummings Society, vol. 4, pp. 71–75, Fall 1995.
 Norman, Charles, E. E. Cummings: The Magic-Maker, Boston, Little Brown, 1972.
 Sawyer-Lauçanno, Christopher, E. E. Cummings: A Biography, Sourcebooks, Inc. (2004) .

Other websites 

 
 E. E. Cummings, Lifelong Unitarian  Biography of Cummings and his relationship with Unitarianism
 Papers of E. E. Cummings at the Houghton Library at Harvard University
 E. E. Cummings Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin
 Poems by E. E. Cummings at PoetryFoundation.org
 The paintings of E. E. Cummings
 Jonathan Yardley, E. E. Cummings: A Biography, Sunday, October 17, 2004, Page BW02, The Washington Post Book Review
 Christopher Sawyer-Lauçanno, E. E. Cummings: A Biography, Sourcebooks, Inc., 2004, 606 pages, 
 SPRING:The Journal of the E. E. Cummings Society 
 Modern American Poetry
 American Poems, 153 poems listed with user comments

1894 births
1962 deaths
American poets
American Christians
Harvard University alumni
Writers from Massachusetts
Minister Mentor (, ) is a Singapore cabinet position created in 2004 as part of a change in Singapore's political leadership. The reason the government gave for creating this job is that Lee Kuan Yew can still help and advise the government.

The newly appointed Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong (son of Lee Kuan Yew and the next prime minister after Goh Chok Tong), announced Lee Kuan Yew's new  together with the naming of his Cabinet on August 12, 2004.  Before being appointed as Minister Mentor, Lee Kuan Yew held the post of Senior Minister (1990–2004) in the Cabinet of then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong. This role of Minister Mentor was considered by some academics to be a sign that Lee Kuan Yew, despite no longer being the Prime Minister of Singapore, still had some power in Singapore's government.

On 14th May 2011, Lee and Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong announced their retirement from the cabinet after General Elections 2011, which had changed Singapore's politics.

The late founding Prime Minister, Mr Lee Kuan Yew was the first and only Minister Mentor of Singapore.

References

Other websites 
Cabinet of the Republic of Singapore

Members of the Cabinet of Singapore
Political office-holders in Singapore
A trillion (also written as 1012) is an integer. One trillion dollars is equivalent to a thousand billion, or million dollars multiplied by millions.  A trillion is  a 1 with 12 zeros after it, represented as 1,000,000,000,000 or 10¹².

In the American system, 1 trillion equals a thousand thousand millions, or 10 to the 12th, whereas In the British system, 1 trillion equals a million million millions, or 10 to the 18th.

Integers
Frank William Abagnale, Jr. (born April 27, 1948 in Bronxville, New York City, United States) is an American security consultant. He used to be a check forger, impostor, and escape artist. He had a bad reputation in the 1960s for passing $2.5 million worth of carefully forged checks across 26 countries for five years, beginning when he was 16 years old.

He said he had created at least eight separate identities, pretending to be an airline pilot, a doctor, a prison agent, and a lawyer. He escaped from police custody twice (once from a moving airplane at the airport and once from an American prison), before he was 21 years old.

He served less than five years in prison before starting to work for the American federal (national) government. He is a consultant and lecturer at the academy of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is the national police of the United States. He also runs Abagnale & Associates, a financial fraud consultancy company.

Abagnale's life story was made into the movie Catch Me If You Can directed by Steven Spielberg in 2002 and starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hanks. It is based on the autobiography Catch Me If You Can by Frank Abagnale. A Broadway musical Catch Me If You Can opened in April 2011 in New York City.

References

1948 births
Living people
American fraudsters
Businesspeople from New York City
"Someone like You" is the second hit single on Adele's record 21. The song was released in 2011. This was her first number one song in the United Kingdom and her second in the USA. It received positive review by music critics.  The song is played only with Adele's voice and piano.

In 2012, the song was certified quintuple-Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.  "Someone like You" is Adele's third-best selling single in the United States, after "Rolling in the Deep" and "Hello".  It reached number 24 on Billboard's Year-End Hot 100 of 2011 and number 43 on the year-end chart for 2012.

Music videos
The video is shot in black and white and features Adele walking around the streets of Paris.  At the end of the video, Adele's romantic interest is shown walking away from her window.

Credits and personnel
Credits are taken from 21 liner notes.
Vocals — Adele
Songwriting - Adele Adkins, Dan Wilson
Production - Adele Adkins, Dan Wilson

Source:

References

2010s ballads
2011 songs
Adele songs
Pop ballads
Soul songs
R&B songs
Torch songs