cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gilbert Baker (June 2, 1951 – March 31, 2017) was an openly gay American artist and civil rights activist. He designed the rainbow flag in 1978.  Baker's flag became widely known with LGBT rights causes, a symbol of pride that became extremely used and well referenced in the decades since its debut.

Baker died on March 31, 2017 in his sleep at his home in New York City at the age of 65. He suffered a stroke a few years before his death and was suffering from stroke-complications at the time of his death.

References

Other websites

Biography  on Gilbert Baker Website

1951 births
2017 deaths
American artists
American civil rights activists
American LGBT rights activists
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Deaths from stroke
Democrats (United States)
Gay men
LGBT people from New York City
People from Kansas
Michael Richard Hall (4 June 1981 – 31 March 2017) was a British cyclist and race organizer. He specialized in self-supported ultra-distance races. 

In 2012, he won the inaugural World Cycle Race. In 2013 and 2016, he won the Tour Divide ultra-endurance mountain bike race across the Rocky Mountains in Canada and the United States. In 2014, he won the inaugural Trans Am Bike Race, a road-based event from the Pacific coast to the Atlantic coast in the United States. 

From 2013, he was the principal organizer of the Transcontinental Race, an event similar to the TransAm Bicycle Race, but that traverses Europe. He died after being struck by a car while racing in the inaugural Indian Pacific Wheel Race.

Hall was killed in a car accident on 31 March 2017 in ACT, Australia, aged 35.

References

1981 births
2017 deaths
Road accident deaths
British cyclists
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
Charles Henry Plumb, Baron Plumb, DL (born 27 March 1925) is a British farmer turned politician. He was the leader of the National Farmers Union.

Plumb later became active in the Conservative Party and was elected as a Member of the European Parliament. He served as an MEP from 1979 to 1999, serving as President of the European Parliament from 1987 to 1989, the only Briton to hold the post.

Plumb was made a Life peer as Baron Plumb, of Coleshill in the County of Warwickshire on 6 April 1987. He was also Chancellor of Coventry University between 1995 and 2007 and a founder of leading EU lobbying law firm Alber & Geiger.

References

1925 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) people
Former MEPs
Lobbyists
MEPs for the United Kingdom
People from Warwickshire
Presidents of the European Parliament
Andreas Kaplan (born October 5, 1977), Professor of Marketing, is the Dean of  ESCP Business School in Berlin and Paris.  He is specialized in the areas of social media, viral marketing, and the digital world in general.

Life
Kaplan was born on October 5, 1977 and grew up in Munich, Germany. His mother is Anneliese Kaplan and his father Vincenc Kaplan.

Kaplan holds a Master of Public Administration from the École Nationale d'Administration, an MSc from  ESCP Business School, and a BSc from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He completed his Habilitation at the Sorbonne and his Ph.D. at the University of Cologne and HEC Paris.

Kaplan is an executive education advisory board member at Kozminski University.

Research
Kaplan’s research mainly deals with analyzing and decrypting the digital sphere. With approximately 30 000 citations on Google Scholar, Professor Kaplan was counted amongst the Top 50 Business and Management authors in the world according to John Wiley & Sons. In 2020, Andreas Kaplan ranked in Stanford study of the world's top 2% of scientists.

In particular his 2010 article "Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media" published in Business Horizons is widely cited and known in the field. This seminal article recurrently achieved first place in Science Direct's annual list of the 25 most downloaded publications across all 24 core subject areas covered in Science Direct and thus was downloaded more often than any other of the approximately 13.4 million papers in the collection.

Publications
 
 
 Kaplan, A. and M. Haenlein (2019) Siri, Siri in my Hand, who is the Fairest in the Land? On the Interpretations, Illustrations and Implications of Artificial Intelligence, Business Horizons, 62(1).
 Kaplan Andreas (2018) “A School is a Building that Has 4 Walls - with Tomorrow Inside”: Toward the Reinvention of the Business School, Business Horizons.
 Kaplan Andreas M., Haenlein Michael (2016) Higher education and the digital revolution: About MOOCs, SPOCs, social media, and the Cookie Monster, Business Horizons, Volume 59. 
 Pucciarelli F., Kaplan Andreas M. (2016) Competition and Strategy in Higher Education: Managing Complexity and Uncertainty, Business Horizons, Volume 59(3), 311-320.

 Kaplan Andreas M. (2014) European Management and European Business Schools: Insights from the History of Business Schools, European Management Journal, 32(4), 529-534.
 Kaplan Andreas M. (2012) If you love something, let it go mobile: Mobile marketing and mobile social media 4x4, Business Horizons, 55(2), 129–139
 Kaplan Andreas M., Haenlein Michael (2012) The Britney Spears universe: Social media and viral marketing at its best, Business Horizons, 55(1), 27–31

References

Other websites
 Biography – ESCP Website
 French German Business Forum
 Complete publication list

1977 births
People from Munich
Academics
Clinton Family Portrait is an oil painting by American artist Larry D. Alexander. Alexander, who is from the state of Arkansas, painted this portrait in 1995 and gave it as a gift to then U.S. President Bill Clinton who is also from Arkansas. It is now a part of the permanent collection at the Clinton Presidential Library in Little Rock, Arkansas.The painting was inspired from a childhood memory of a talk Alexander once had with some childhood friends about doing a painting of the first president to be elected from Arkansas, something that they didn’t think would happen any time soon.It was painted in Irving, Texas in early 1995 and was shipped to the White House early in that same year.

References

Other websites
Larry D. Alexander official website
 
 
 

American paintings
Bill Clinton
20th-century paintings
1995
Vysokovsky Graduate School of Urbanism () It is an academic unit in the Higher School of Economics in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 2011. the school is also published Magazine called: Urban Studies and Practices Journal.

Related pages 
 Shukhov Lab

Other websites 
  Vysokovsky Graduate School of Urbanism

Colleges and universities in Russia
Buildings and structures in Moscow
2011 establishments in Europe
Urban planning
21st-century establishments in Russia
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman or UTAR (Simplified Chinese: 拉曼大学; traditional Chinese: 拉曼大學; pinyin: Lā Màn Dà Xué) is a prestigious private university in Malaysia. It was established in 2002.

UTAR is ranked top 100 in Times Higher Education Asia University Rankings 2018 and top 600 in Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021, which is 2nd in Malaysia.

References

Other websites

 Home Page 
 Home Page 

Colleges and universities in Asia
Malaysia
2002 establishments in Asia
Establishments in Malaysia
The World Federation of Great Towers (WFGT) Is an international association headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. It is made up of management bodies of high-rise towers, provided that they are open to the public and that they constitute a tourist attraction. It aims at exchanging information to improve their management, sharing experiences, and organizing their international promotion. Joining the association costs $2,000 a year. The 25 participating towers would receive 20 million visitors annually. The list of members is far from exhausting those of high-rise towers open to the public. In addition, some members have left the federation.

Other websites 
  The World Federation of Great Towers

Urban planning organizations
International organizations
Moto GP on BBC was a presentation of Moto GP produced by BBC Sports. Races and qualifying are televised on BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three or BBC HD and streamed live on BBC Red Button.

History

2003-2013
In March 2003, BBC signed a two year deal to broadcast Moto GP races with Suzi Perry hosting all races while most rounds were shown on Sunday Grandstand or on Grandstand if it was a Saturday race. For 2003, Exclusive live coverage was on Eurosport and BBC chose to broadcast four races live (Britain, Pacific, Australia and Valencia.) with their own commentary team for Britain, Australia and Valencia of Charlie Cox and Steve Parrish, using the world feed commentary in the other races of Nick Harris and Matt Roberts with Gavin Emmett in the pits. Delayed coverage was used in the remaining twelve races (Japan, South Africa, Spain, France, Italy, Catalan, Dutch TT, Germany, Czech Republic, Pourtugal, Rio de Janeiro and Malaysia.) All races were shown on BBC Two during the 2003 season. In 2004, Cox and Parrish commentated full time with twelve live races (South Africa, Spain, France, Italy, Catalan, Britain, Czech Republic, Pourtugal, Japan, Qatar, Australia and Valencia) and with delayed coverage was used in the remaining four races (Dutch TT, Germany, Rio de Janeiro and Malaysia.) Most races were shown on BBC Two during the 2004 season, Only Qatar was shown on BBC One because it was a Saturday race. Gavin Emmett joined as pit reporter in 2005 and the BBC had ten live races (Spain, France, Italy, Catalan, Britain, Germany, Czech Republic, Qatar, Turkish and Valencia) and with delayed coverage was used in the remaining seven races (Pourtugal, Chinese, Dutch TT, United States, Japan, Australia and Malaysia.) Most races were shown on BBC Two during the 2005 season, Only Qatar was shown on BBC One because it was a Saturday race. In 2006 All races were shown live with five races (Chinese, United States, Japan, Australia and Malaysia.) on the BBC Red Button while all the rounds were on BBC Two including re runs from the early morning races. Grandstand got written out by the BBC before the 2007 Moto GP season started.

Motorcycling
2003 British television series debuts
2013 television series endings
The Land Of Israel Garden (in Hebrew: Gan Eretz Yisrael) is a public garden located in Terminal 3 of Ben-Gurion International Airport and open in 2004. the garden was designed by the architect Shlomo Aronson and was lead by the architect Ram Karmi. the garden is symbolised the view of the Land of Israel and the plants of Israel. in 2005 the Ben-Gurion Airport Central Garden won an Award of Honor in the Professional General Design Category from the American Society of Landscape Architects.

Gallery

Other websites 

Tel Aviv
Parks in Israel
Geography of Israel
The Billy Rose Art Garden Is the sculpture park designed by the Japanese-American sculptor Isamu Noguchi on the western slope of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, Israel. The art garden is named after the impresario and lyricist Billy Rose (1899-1966). Isamu Noguchi started to plan the sculpture park from the 1960s on the slopes of the museum grounds and divided the terrain into different sections through walls made of rough unworked field stones. The artificial garden was completed in 1965.

Gallery

Other websites 

  The Billy Rose Art Garden  in the Israel Museum website

Jerusalem
Parks in Israel
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko (18 July 1932 – 1 April 2017) was a Soviet and Russian poet. He was also a novelist, essayist, dramatist, screenwriter, publisher, actor, editor and director of several movies.

Yevtushenko died of heart failure after having kidney surgery at a hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma on 1 April 2017, aged 84.

References

Other websites

 Yevgeny Yevtushenko poetry at Stihipoeta.ru  
 Biography  – Canadian Encyclopedia

 Yevgeny Yevtushenko online archive 
 
  Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Collected Poems in English. Part 1
 Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Collected Poems in English. Part 2
  Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Zima Station Poem 
 Yevgeny Yevtushenko. "May God" ("Дай Бог") (English translation) 
 Chingiz Aitmatov on Yevgeny  Yevtushenko 
 Andrey Voznesensky's article on Yevgeny Yevtushenko 
 Audio/Video recordings of a Poetry Reading by Yevgeny Yevtushenko at the University of Chicago
 The Bookplate Collection in the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the Library of Congress contains materials related to the career of Yevtushenko.

1932 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from surgical complications
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Russian poets
Russian novelists
Russian screenwriters
Russian movie actors
Russian movie directors
Essayists
Soviet movie actors
Soviet writers
Gary Austin (October 18, 1941 – April 1, 2017) was an American improvisational theatre teacher, writer, and director. He wrote two solo shows, "Church" and "Oil," and performed them coast to coast. His most recent show was "Gary Austin in Word And Song". He was known for directing the improvisational group The Groundlings. 

Austin was born in Duncan, Oklahoma. He was raised in Dallas, Texas and in Santa Fe Springs, California. He studied at San Francisco State University. was married to Wenndy MacKenzie from 1990 until his death in 2017. They had one son together.

Austin died on April 1, 2017 after a long battle with cancer in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 75.

References

Other websites

Gary Austin  at AND Theatre Company
Gary Austin at The Groundlings

1941 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Educators from San Francisco
American entertainers
Writers from Oklahoma
Writers from San Francisco
Writers from Dallas, Texas
Educators from Dallas, Texas
Richard Nelson Bolles (March 19, 1927 – March 31, 2017) was an American Episcopal clergyman and writer. He was known for being the author of the best-selling job-hunting book, What Color is Your Parachute?. 

Bolles was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He studied at Harvard University. Bolles died on March 31, 2017 in Danville, California, aged 90.

References

Other websites
 

1927 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in California
Writers from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Elizabeth Wagele (May 31, 1939 – March 27, 2017) was an American artist, musician, and writer of books on the Enneagram of Personality and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

Early life
Wagele was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. She was raised in Berkeley, California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley. Wagele was married to Gus Wagele until her death in 2017.

Career
Wagele was one of the best-selling authors on the subject of the Enneagram and wrote about the Myers-Briggs system, especially introversion. An award-winning cartoonist, she also illustrated her books with many cartoons and was known for her humor in her writing.

Death
Wagele died of neuroendocrine cancer at her home in Berkeley, California on March 27, 2017, aged 77.

References

1939 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from neuroendocrine cancer
Cancer deaths in California
American cartoonists
American classical musicians
Writers from Salt Lake City, Utah
Musicians from Berkeley, California
Writers from Berkeley, California
Musicians from Salt Lake City, Utah
Radley Metzger (also known as Radley Henry Metzger and by the pseudonyms, "Jake Barnes" and "Henry Paris" (born January 21, 1929; died March 31, 2017) was an American pioneering filmmaker and film distributor.

Metzger was known for directing popular artistic, adult-oriented films, including Camille 2000 (1969), Score (1974), The Lickerish Quartet (1970), The Image (1975) and The Opening of Misty Beethoven (1976). According to one film reviewer, Metzger's films, including those made during the Golden Age of Porn, are noted for their "lavish design, witty screenplays, and a penchant for the unusual camera angle". Another reviewer noted that his films were "highly artistic — and often cerebral ... and often featured gorgeous cinematography".

Film and audio works by Metzger have been added to the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York City.

On March 31, 2017, Metzger died at the age of 88 in New York City.

References

1929 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in New York City
Movie directors from New York City
Darcus Howe (26 February 1943 – 1 April 2017) was a British broadcaster, writer, and civil liberties campaigner.

He was an editor of Race Today, and chair of the Notting Hill Carnival. He was best known in the UK for his Black on Black series on Channel 4; his affairs programme, Devil's Advocate; and his work with Tariq Ali on Bandung File.

Howe died in Streatham, London on 1 April 2017 from complications of prostate cancer, aged 74.

References

Other websites
Bio, BlackinBritain.co.uk, accessed 13 August 2011.

1943 births
2017 deaths
Black British people
British activists
British television presenters
British writers
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from prostate cancer
Trinidad and Tobago people
Kenneth Joseph "Ken" Donnelly (July 15, 1950 – April 2, 2017) was an American politician. He served as a member of the Massachusetts State Senate from 2009 until his death in 2017. He represented the Fourth Middlesex district. He was a Democrat. 

Donnelly was born in Arlington, Massachusetts in 1950. He graduated from the University of Massachusetts Amherst with a BA in Labor Studies. He was a retired lieutenant with the Lexington Fire Department in Lexington, Massachusetts.

Donnelly died on April 2, 2017 in Arlington, Massachusetts from complications of a brain tumor, aged 66.

References

Other websites
Ken Donnelly's website 

1950 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
Politicians from Massachusetts
US Democratic Party politicians
It (also known as It: Chapter One) is a 2017 American supernatural horror movie based Stephen King's 1986 novel of the same name and directed by Andy Muschietti, produced by KatzSmith Productions, Lin Pictures, and Vertigo Entertainment, and distributed by Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema

It is the highest-grossing horror movie in history with $677.6 million in the box office, beating The Sixth Sense with $672.8 million.

Background

It is the first installment in a planned duology, as well as being the second adaptation following Tommy Lee Wallace's It (1990) miniseries.

In June 2016, Bill Skarsgård was cast as the villain Pennywise the Dancing Clown after another actor, Will Poulter, dropped out due to other projects.

Plot
The movie tells the story of seven children in Detroit, Michigan who are terrorized by Pennywise the Clown, only to face their own personal demons in the process.

Release
It was released on September 8, 2017 in the United States. The movie made $13.5 million from Thursday night previews, setting the record for highest amount by both an R-rated (beating Deadpools $12.6 million) and a horror movie.

The movie was released to positive reviews and has an 86% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 203 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Well-acted and fiendishly frightening with an emotionally affecting story at its core, It amplifies the horror in Stephen King's classic story without losing touch with its heart."

Sequel
A sequel, It – Chapter Two, was released in 2019.

Awards

References

Other websites
 

 
 
 

2017 horror movies
2010s drama thriller movies
2010s horror thriller movies
2010s supernatural movies
American drama thriller movies
American horror thriller movies
American supernatural movies
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Maine
Movies set in 1988
Warner Bros. movies
Movies based on books by Stephen King
The Naz Male Health Alliance (NMHA), founded in Pakistan in 2011, is a non-governmental organization providing technical, financial, and institutional support for improving the sexual health, welfare and human rights of the country's LGBT community. It is the first and only LGBT community-based organisation in Pakistan of its kind. 

The Alliance provides support and guidance to groups and organisations offering direct services to the community. Health services include HIV/AIDS treatment and contraceptive information and distribution.

References 

Pakistan
LGBT
Transgender
HIV/AIDS
2011 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in Pakistan
A WHO working definition for sexual health is that it "is a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled." However, while used by WHO as well as other organizations, this is not an official WHO position, and should not be used or quoted as a WHO definition.

References

Human sexuality
Vijayalaya Chola was a king of South India,  and founded the imperial Chola dynasty. He ruled over the region to the north of the river Kaveri River.The ancient Chola kingdom once famous in Tamil literature and in the writings of Greek merchants and geographers faded into darkness after c. 300 CE. Cholas during this period almost completely disappeared from their native land. They seem to have held on to their old capital city of Urayur. This 'dark' age of Tamil history came to an end with the ascendency of the Pandyas and the Pallavas. The Cholas had to wait for another three centuries until the accession of Vijayalaya in the second quarter of the ninth century to re-establish their dynasty.

At the time of 848 CE, there was a struggle or war between the Pallavas and Pandyas. Vijayalaya Chola used this as his own oppurtunity. He captured the Thanjavur region from Elango Mutharaiyars . In this disturbed state of affairs, Vijayalaya defeated the Pandyas, and made himself the ruler of Thanjavur and the surrounding Chola country. He also defeated the Pallavas. After Vijayalaya’s capture of Thanjavur, the Pandyan king Varagunavarman II (c. 862 – 885 CE) made alliance with the Pallava king Nandivarman III (c. 846 – 869 CE). Nandhivarman wished to destroy the growing influence of Chola power under Vijayalaya and called upon the Varagunavarman to help suppress Vijayalaya. Varaguna led an expedition into the Chola country. The Pandyan army reached the north bank of the Kaveri near Thanjavur. Vijayalaya, by this time was aging and was an invalid. The crown prince Aditya I took control of the army in the defence of the Chola kingdom. Vijayalaya was succeeded after his death c. 871 CE by his son Aditya I.

The Tiruvalangadu plates state that Vijayalaya captured the city of Tanjavur and made it his capital and that he also built in it a temple to the goddess Nisumbhasudani (Durga).  The Kanyakumari inscription states that he developed the city of Tanjore.Vijayalaya took the title of Parakesarivarman. Chola kings succeeding him took the titles of Parakesari and Rajakesari in turns. This is probably to acknowledge their ancestors Parakesari and Rajakesari.Narttamalai, Pudukkottai has a solesvara temple attributed to Vijayalaya.

References

 www.revolvy.com/Vijayalaya Chola
 Tamil And Sanskrit Inscriptions Chiefly Collected In 1886 - 87, E. Hultzsch, Ph.D., Published by Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi
 Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (1935). The CōĻas, University of Madras, Madras (Reprinted 1984).
 Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (1955). A History of South India, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).

Tamil Monarchs
Lonnie Brooks (born Lee Baker Jr., December 18, 1933 – April 1, 2017) was an American blues singer and guitarist.

Influence
The Rolling Stone said that "His music is witty, soulful and ferociously energetic, brimming with novel harmonic turnarounds, committed vocals and simply astonishing guitar work." New York Times, wrote, "He sings in a rowdy baritone, sliding and rasping in songs that celebrate lust, fulfilled and unfulfilled; his guitar solos are pointed and unhurried, with a tone that slices cleanly across the beat. Wearing a cowboy hat, he looks like the embodiment of a good-time bluesman."

Death
Brooks died in Chicago, Illinois on April 1, 2017 from a short-illness, aged 83.

References

1933 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Chicago, Illinois
American blues musicians
American guitarists
American blues singers
Musicians from Louisiana
Singers from Louisiana
Musicians from Chicago
Singers from Chicago
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari was an Indian politician, independence activist, lawyer, writer and statesman. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India. He also served as leader of the Indian National Congress,Chief Minister of Madras Presidency (present Tamil Nadu), Governor of West Bengal and Minister for Home Affairs of the Indian Union.  Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party and was one of the first recipients of India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. He forcefully opposed the use of nuclear weapons and was a supporter of world peace. During his lifetime, he also acquired the nickname 'Mango of Krishnagiri'.

Rajagopalachari was born in the village of Thorapalli in the Krishnagiri district of the Madras Presidency (now the Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu) and was educated at Central College, Bangalore, and Presidency College, Madras.On entering politics, he became a member and later President of the Salem municipality. He joined the Indian National Congress and participated in the agitations against the Rowlatt Act, joining the Non-Cooperation movement, the Vaikom Satyagraha, and the Civil Disobedience movement. In 1930, Rajagopalachari risked imprisonment when he led the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha in response to the Dandi March. In 1937, Rajagopalachari was elected Premier of the Madras Presidency and served until 1940, when he resigned due to Britain's declaration of war on Germany. He later advocated co-operation over Britain's war effort and opposed the Quit India Movement.

In 1946, Rajagopalachari was appointed Minister of Industry, Supply, Education and Finance in the Interim Government of India, and then as the Governor of West Bengal from 1947 to 1948, Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950, Home Minister of India from 1951 to 1952 and as Chief Minister of Madras state (present Tamil Nadu) from 1952 to 1954. In 1959, he resigned from the Indian National Congress and founded the Swatantra Party, which stood against the Congress in the 1962, 1967 and 1972 elections. Rajagopalachari was instrumental in setting up a united Anti-Congress front in Madras state under C. N. Annadurai, which swept the 1967 elections.

References

Tamil Nadu politicians
Governors of West Bengal
The Swatantra Party was an Indian classical liberal political party that existed from 1959 . Still having members in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Prof. Babu Joseph from Kottayam, National executive member of Swatantra Party who attended the meeting of 50th year of Commemorating Swatantra Party which is held in Mumbai on August 1, 2009. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's increasingly socialist and statist outlook. Swatantra (Freedom) stood for a market-based economy.The party was thus favoured by some traders and industrialists, but at the state-level its leadership was dominated by the traditional wealthy classes such as zamindars (landlords) and formerly princely states. Its membership was not restricted on the basis of religion, unlike the Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Jana Sangh. In 1960, Rajagopalachari and his colleagues drafted a 21-point manifesto detailing why Swatantra Party had to be formed, even though they were formerly Congressmen and associates of Nehru during the struggle for independence. The Prime Minister was highly critical of Swatantra, dubbing the party as belonging to "the middle ages of lords, castles and zamindars.

In the 1962 general election, the first after its formation, Swatantra received 6.8 percent of the total votes and won 18 seats in the third Lok Sabha (1962–67). It emerged as the main opposition to the dominant Congress in four states—Bihar, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Orissa. By the next general election in 1967, Swatantra had become a significant force in some parts of India; it won 8.7 percent of the votes and became the single-largest opposition party in the fourth Lok Sabha (1967–71) with 44 seats. In 1971, Swatantra joined a "Grand Alliance" of parties from across the political spectrum who aimed to defeat Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The party secured eight seats, winning only 3% of the votes. The next year, in 1972, its founder Rajagopalachari died, and Swatantra declined rapidly. By 1974, with many of its members joining the Charan Singh-led Bharatiya Lok Dal, another coalition committed to anti-Congressism.

Reference

Political parties in India
1959 establishments in Asia
1950s establishments in India
1974 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in India
Warner Robins is a city in central Georgia. It was named for General Augustine Warner Robins of the U.S. Air Force. 

Warner Robins was founded in 1942 from the community of Wellston. It was incorporated as a town in 1943. It became a city in 1956.

As of the 2015 Census estimate, 73,490 people lived there.

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha was a march started by Indian statesman C. Rajagopalachari, inspired by the Dandi March.C. Rajagopalachari, a close associate of Gandhi, led the march which had close to 150 volunteers, most of who belonged to the Indian National Congress. It began at Trichinopoly (now Tiruchirappalli) on 13 April 1930 and proceeded for about 150 miles towards the east before reaching Vedaranyam, a small coastal town in the then Tanjore District (Madras Presidency).By collecting salt directly from the sea the marchers broke the salt law. As a part of the march, Rajagopalachari created awareness among the people by highlighting the importance of khadi or cotton as well as social issues like caste discrimination. The campaign came to an end on 28 April 1930 when the participants were arrested by the police. Its leader Rajagopalachari was imprisoned for six months. The march along with the ones at Dandi and Dharasana drew worldwide attention to the Indian independence movement.

Reference

History of India
Mark E. Green (born November 8, 1964) is an American physician and politician from the state of Tennessee. He is the member of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee's 7th congressional district since January 3, 2019. He was in the Tennessee Senate as a member of the Republican Party.

Green founded and served as the CEO of Align MD a healthcare emergency medicine staffing company.  Before serving as CEO of Align MD Dr. Green was a member of the US Army. He served as an emergency medicine physician in Operation Red Dawn, which saw the capture of Saddam Hussein.

On January 4, 2017, Green announced his plans to run for Governor of Tennessee in the 2018 election.

On March 15, 2017, sources revealed to the Tennessean that Green was under consideration for Secretary of the Army by the Trump Administration. On April 1, 2017, Trump announced his plans to nominate Green as Secretary of the Army. If confirmed, it would effectively end his run for Governor in 2018. Green, however, withdrew his nomination on May 5, 2017.

References

Other websites

1964 births
Living people
American military people
Businesspeople from Tennessee
Businesspeople from Florida
American physicians
United States representatives from Tennessee
Politicians from Florida
US Republican Party politicians
Antonio Lamela (December 1, 1926 – April 1, 2017) was a Spanish architect. He was born and raised in Madrid. His most well known projects are Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, the Adolfo Suárez, Madrid–Barajas Airport and the Torres de Colón. 

Lamela died on April 1, 2017 in Madrid at the age of 90.

References

Other websites
 Official website of Estudio Lamela Arquitectos
 Conferencia A. Lamela
 Antonio Lamela CV, at COAG
 Antonio Lamela CV, at GVA 

1926 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Madrid
Architects
People from Madrid
Sergio González Rodríguez (26 January 1950 – 3 April 2017) was a Mexican journalist and writer. He was born in Mexico City. He was best known for his works on the murders of women in Ciudad Juárez in the 1990s to 2000s, such as Huesos en el desierto (Bones in the desert) published in 2002. 

Rodríguez also wrote novels, essays, screenplays for documentaries and was recognized with several awards in Mexico and Spain.

Rodríguez died of a heart attack in Mexico City on 3 April 2017, aged 67.

References

Other websites

1950 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Mexico
Mexican journalists
Mexican novelists
Critics
Mexican screenwriters
Mexican historians
Mexican essayists
Writers from Mexico City
On 3 April 2017, an explosion took place on the Saint Petersburg Metro between Sennaya Ploshchad and Tekhnologichesky Institut stations. Nine people were initially reported to have died, and later two more died from their injuries. At least 45 others were injured in the incident. 

The explosive device was contained in a briefcase. A second explosive device was found and defused on a train at another metro station.

Attacker
Investigators stated on 3 April 2017 that they believed the attack was a suicide bombing and identified a Central Asian as the suspected perpetrator. Some reports identified the suspect as Maxim Arishev, a 22-year-old immigrant from Kazakhstan, while others stated the suspect was a 23-year-old native of Kyrgyzstan with Russian citizenship with links to international militant groups. The next day, the suspected perpetrator was named as Akbarzhan Jalilov, a Russian citizen born in Kyrgyzstan. It was the first terrorist attack in the history of the Saint Petersburg Metro system.

References

2017 murders in Europe
2010s explosions in Europe
2010s in Russia

April 2017 events
Explosions in 2017
Islamic terrorist incidents in 2017
Islamic terrorist incidents in Europe 
Mass murder in 2017
Mass murder in Europe
2017 Metro bombing
Terrorist incidents in Europe in 2017
Leonard Litwin (October 16, 1914 – April 2, 2017) was an American real estate developer. Through his company, Glenwood Management Corp., he specialized in residential construction.  His firm owns and operates about 24 buildings in Manhattan. and rents about 4,200 high-end units. His buildings have a reputation for being well built and well managed.

Litwin died on April 2, 2017 in Melville, New York from respiratory failure at the age of 102.

References

1914 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in New York
American Jews
American centenarians
Real estate developers
Businesspeople from New York City
It, also known as Pennywise the Dancing Clown or Bob Gray, is the title character and main antagonist of Stephen King's 1986 horror novel It. The character is a demonic and scary supernatural entity that murders and eats the local children of the fictional town of Derry, Maine about every twenty-seven years, using many powers that include the ability to shapeshift, manipulate, and go unnoticed by adults.

King came up with the idea for Pennywise after asking himself what scared children "more than anything else in the world", which he felt was clowns. The character has been described as one of the scariest clowns in popular culture and is a global icon.

The character was portrayed by Tim Curry in the 1990 television adaptation of the same name; and by Bill Skarsgård in the 2017 and 2019 movie adaptation.

References

Clowns
Fictional mass murderers
Fictional extraterrestrial characters
Fictional demons and devils
Monsters
Supervillains
Characters in written fiction
It is a 1990 supernatural horror miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace, adapted by Lawrence D. Cohen from the Stephen King novel of the same name.

Plot
The story revolves around an inter-dimensional predatory shapeshifter which has the ability to transform itself into its prey's worst fears, allowing it to explore the phobias of its victims. It mostly takes the form of a sadistic, wisecracking clown called Pennywise, in order to trick and murder children. The protagonists are The Lucky Seven,  or The Losers Club, a group of outcast children who discover Pennywise and vow to destroy him by any means necessary. 

The series takes place over two different time periods, the first when the Losers first discover Pennywise as children, and the second when they're called back as adults to defeat Pennywise, who has resurfaced.

Cast
The series features an ensemble cast, which includes Dennis Christopher, Annette O'Toole, John Ritter, Harry Anderson, Richard Thomas, Tim Reid, Richard Masur, Michael Cole, Olivia Hussey, and Tim Curry as Pennywise.

Background
Originally thought as a four-part eight-hour series, ABC enlisted writer Lawrence D. Cohen to adapt the 1,138-page King novel. Production on It began in early 1990, and the series was filmed over a period of three months in New Westminster, British Columbia in mid-1990.

Aftermath
It aired on ABC over two nights on November 18 and 20, 1990, and was a major success for the network, attracting 30 million viewers in its premiere. Since its initial television broadcast, the miniseries has gotten positive reception and becoming a cult sensation following in recent years.

Other websites

 
 
 "Back to Derry": An Oral History of 'Stephen King's It' at Yahoo!

Miniseries
Stephen King
It is a 1986 horror novel by American author Stephen King. The story follows the lives of seven children as they are terrorized by the demonic clown being, which exploits the fears and phobias of its victims in order to disguise itself while hunting its prey. "It" primarily appears in the form of a clown in order to attract its preferred prey of young children. 

The novel is told through narratives alternating between two time periods, and is largely told in the third-person mode. It deals with themes that eventually became King staples: the power of memory, childhood trauma, and the ugliness lurking behind a traditional small-town values. 

The novel won the British Fantasy Award in 1987, and received nominations for the Locus and World Fantasy Awards that same year. Publishers Weekly listed It as the best-selling book in the United States in 1986.

Popular versions of the novel have been made from a 1990 miniseries and a duology movie series: It Chapter One (2017) and It Chapter Two (2019).

References

Books by Stephen King
Horror novels
A water board is a governmental institution that deals with water management, like the maintenance of dykes.

Water boards are especially to be found in low-lying (parts of) countries like the Netherlands and Flanders.

Water
Politics
Subdivisions of the Netherlands
Subdivisions of Belgium
Flanders
BASF, official name: BASF SE, is a German chemical company. Its headquarters are in Ludwigshafen, Rhineland-Palatinate. 

BASF was established in 1865. It is the biggest chemical company of the world.

Current CEO of BASF is Maryam Tariq, as she is carrying the entire BASF team on her shoulders. 

1865 establishments in Europe
Companies of Germany
Ludwigshafen
1860s establishments in Germany
John Knut Chrispinsson (13 December 1956 – 3 April 2017) was a Swedish journalist and television presenter. He worked mostly in TV and radio with news programs and historical programs. 

Chrispinsson also wrote several book on Swedish history. 

Chrispinsson died in Stockholm on 3 April 2017 from a heart attack complicated by borrelia, aged 60.

References

Other websites

1956 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Swedish writers
Television presenters
Swedish journalists
Writers from Stockholm
Rochechouart () is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west central France. It is a subprefecture of the Haute-Vienne department. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of the same name.

Geography
Rochechouart is in the western part of the Haute-Vienne department, along the valley of the Grêne river. The confluence of the Grêne with the Vayres river is to the south of the town. Another river, the Gorre, forms the northeastern border of the commune.

The city of Rochechouart is at about  west of Limoges, the largest town and capital of the department,  from Bordeaux and  from Paris.

The commune has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The commune of Rochechouart is surrounded by the communes:

Climate
The climate of Rochechouart, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Rochechouart are known, in French, as Rochechouartais (women: Rochechouartaises).

With a population of 3,798, Rochechouart has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Rochechouart

Administration 
Rochechouart is a subprefecture of the Haute-Vienne department, the capital of the arrondissement of Rochechouart and the administrative centre () of the canton of Rochechouart, with 17,479  inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Porte Océane du Limousin ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Rochechouart is twinned with:
  Oettingen, Germany

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Rochechouart
 Communes of the Haute-Vienne department

References

Other websites

 City Council website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Haute-Vienne
Giovanni Sartori (; 13 May 1924 – 4 April 2017) was an Italian political scientist specialized in the study of democracy and comparative politics. He was also a journalist who wrote for Corriere della Sera. 

Sartori died in Florence, Italy on 4 April 2017 from throat cancer, aged 92.

References

Other websites
 Sartori's biography on ItaliaLibri
 Review of Pluralism, Multiculturalism and Foreigners: an Essay on Multiethnic Society 
 Gianfranco Pasquino. (2005). "The Political Science of Giovanni Sartori". European Political Science 4 (1), 33–41.

1924 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Cancer deaths in Italy
Italian writers
Italian scientists
Italian journalists
Political scientists
People from Florence
William John Clifton Haley (; July 6, 1925 – February 9, 1981) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He was one of the first to make rock and roll music popular in the 1950s with his band Bill Haley & His Comets. He sold 25 million records worldwide with hits such as "Rock Around the Clock" (1954), "Shake, Rattle and Roll" (1954) and "See You Later, Alligator" (1956).

Personal life
Haley was born in Highland Park, Michigan. At the age of four, he had operation on his inner-ear, which cut an optic nerve, making him blind in his left eye.

He died of a heart attack caused by alcoholism on February 9, 1981 aged 55.

Grammy Hall of Fame
The following recording by Bill Haley was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1982.

References

Other websites 
 Bill Haley's new Comets web site
  Melody Manor (Bill Haley's house) Google Map

 Bill Haley Jr. and the Comets site

1925 births
1981 deaths
American radio personalities
American rock singers
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
American bandleaders
American rock guitarists
Singers from Pennsylvania
Bill Haley & His Comets were an American rock and roll band. It was founded in 1952 and continued until Haley's death in 1981. The band was also known as Bill Haley and the Comets and Bill Haley's Comets (and variations thereof). From late 1954 to late 1956, the group placed nine singles in the Top 20. Their single "Rock Around the Clock" became the biggest selling rock and roll single in the history of the genre.

References

Musical groups established in the 1950s
Musical groups disestablished in 1981
American rock bands
Musical groups from Pennsylvania
The International Women's Media Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit organization to strengthen the participation of women working as journalists in every part of the world. They offer training, awards programs, and legal advice to women journalists. They have members in more than 100 countries.

Programs 

The IWMF was started in 1990 to increase freedom of speech by supporting women working in the media. Their objectives are to build a network of women to share ideas, to give women the skills to become leaders, to help women expand their careers, and to honor bravery and courage with the Courage in Journalism and Lifetime Achievement Awards. The foundation sponsors several events and financial aid funds, including advanced training and grants, to assist and promote women in journalism.

Research 

In 2013, the International Women’s Media Foundation studied women journalists. They found that two-thirds of women journalists in the world have experienced harassment or abuse in their work. Most of them do not report these problems because they are afraid. They also publish safety and security recommendations for women journalists.
 Summary of IWMF study 
 "Violence and harassment against women in the news media: a global picture"  - text
  Recommendations for women journalists (IWMF)

Related pages
 Courage in Journalism Award

References

Other websites 
  International Women's Media Foundation official website

Non-profit organizations
Journalism
Mabel Cáceres or Mabel Cáceres Calderón is a Peruvian journalist, and the founder and editor-in-chief of El Búho (The Owl). She received the 2016 Courage in Journalism Award from the International Women's Media Foundation. 

In 1999, Cáceres was the director of a local TV channel owned by a university, when the government of Peru’s president Fujimori suspended the channel for a year. Cáceres, along with a group of intellectuals, journalists, and friends, started El Búho as a weekly newspaper.

Life 

Mabel Cáceres studied journalism, communication, and related programs at the Catholic University of Santa María in Arequipa, Peru from 1984 to 1990. In 1997, she received a master's degree in Communication and Media Studies from the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru in Lima, Peru.

Career 

In 1989 Cáceres went to work for Correo newspaper. In 1991 she worked with the newspaper Arequipa al Día. From 1992 to 1999 she was the general director of the Proyecto TV UNSA at the Universidad Nacional de San Agustín.  From 2006 to 2011 she was the director of the political-cultural television program "Contrastes" on Channel 53, TV MUNDO, in Arequipa.  In 2000 she became the director of El Búho in Arequipa, in partnership with the poet Alonso Ruiz Rosas and writer Ody Gonzales. Together they started El Búho as a weekly newspaper. 

Cáceres has been sued for defamation 16 times, and has won all the lawsuits. Some of the editors received sentences, but they were overturned by the Supreme Court. The Press and Society Institute (IPYS) provides for El Búho's legal defense because it considers that the complaints against the weekly are an attack on freedom of the press and democracy.  

Money was always a problem.  Because the magazine is often critical of the local mining company, Cerro Verde, as well as the regional government, they do not put ads in the magazine. In 2001 El Búho stopped publication for a month because they could not pay the bills. A grant from an international agency kept them going until 2011, when they had to cut back from weekly to a magazine format.  El Búho TV was broadcast on the Viva TV channel in Arequipa, until pressures from politicians and advertisers took it off the air. Today the program continues on a YouTube channel.

Awards 
 100 Information Heroes by Reporters Sans Frontières (2016)
 Courage in Jouranlism Award (2016)

Other websites 
 Mabel Cáceres @mabel_elbuho on Twitter 
 El Búho

References  

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Peruvian journalists