cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Eine kleine Nachtmusik is the name given to the Serenade No. 13 for strings in G major, K 525 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It is one of his most popular pieces and the opening tune is heard in many places, e.g. on mobile phones.It was composed in 1787 and is a serenade for strings.

The title Eine kleine Nachtmusik means literally: "A little Night Music". "Nachtmusik" was a title which was often given to serenades in the 18th century. A serenade in the 18th century was a lighthearted piece of music, often played during feasts. This serenade is written for two violins, viola, and cello and possibly a double bass as well. It is either performed as a string quartet (just four players) or by a small group of instruments, in which case at least one double bass is normally added.

The structure of the music 

There are four movements:

 I. Allegro (fast)
 II. Romanze: Andante
 III. Menuetto
 IV. Rondo: Allegro

The first movement has this famous opening tune:

The movement is in sonata form. A short while after the famous opening theme comes a second theme which is more graceful and in D major, the dominant key of G major. The first part (exposition) closes in D major and is repeated. The next part (development section) begins on D major and goes to other keys before the music returns to G major for the last part (recapitulation).

The second movement is a "Romanza".  It is marked "Andante" ("at a walking pace").  It is gentler and slower than the first movement.  Three tunes are heard during the movement, which has an ABACA structure.

The third movement is a minuet and trio (ABA) in G major.

The fourth and last movement is in sonata rondo form. This finale returns with the liveliness of the first movement.

Compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Jam Nawaz Ali is a small city in Sanghar District, Sindh, Pakistan about 60 km from Sanghar city. Cadet College Sanghar is in this city.

Talukas of Sindh
Khipro (, ) is a taluka, an administrative subdivision, of Sanghar District, Sindh, Pakistan.

Talukas of Sindh
Sanghar Taluka () is a subdivision of Sanghar District in the province of Sindh in Pakistan. The city of Sanghar is the capital.

References

Talukas of Sindh
Shahdadpur is a city in Sindh, a province of Pakistan. It is at 27°51'N and 67°64'E. coordinates. The historical city of al-Mansura is about 19 km southeast of Shahdadpur. 

The shrines of Sohni and Mehinwal, from the Sohni Mahiwal story, are in and near to the city. The shrine of Sohni is near the city, while that of Mehinwal is in the centre of the city. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai (whose shrine is about 10 km from Shahdadpur) immortalised love through his poetry. 

Talukas of Sindh
Sinjoro is a taluka (an administrative subdivision) of Sanghar District, Sindh, Pakistan. It is nearer to Sanghar than other tehsils. The people are mainly are Sindhi.

Most of the people are involved in agriculture and livestock. The Sindhi people are mostly involved in cultivation.

Talukas of Sindh
Tando Adam () is a town in Sindh, Pakistan.

Talukas of Sindh
Bhalwal Tehsil is a subdivision (tehsil) of Sargodha District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is administratively subdivided into 53 union councils, four of which form the tehsil capital Bhalwal.

The boundaries of the tehsil are marked by the Jhelum River and the Chenab River. According to the 1998 census the total population of the tehsil was 132,600.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Sargodha Tehsil is a tehsil (administrative subdivision) of Sargodha District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The tehsil is subdivided into 62 Union Councils - 22 of which form the city of Sargodha.

Related pages 
 Behak Maken

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Sillanwali Tehsil is a subdivision (tehsil) of Sargodha District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is administratively subdivided into 16 Union Councils of Pakistan.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Daska (, ), is a small industrial city with a population of around 300,000 in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The town has the status of Tehsil (Sub District) and is one of four Tehsils of Sialkot District. It is located at 32°19'60N 74° 20' 60E.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Pasrur () is a tehsil in Sialkot District, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The nearest big cities are Sialkot, Narowal and Gujranwala.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Sambrial is a town and tehsil of Sialkot District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is on the bank of Upper Chenab Canal at 32°28'0N 74°20'60E and lies to the west of the district capital Sialkot. It is home to Sialkot International Airport and Sialkot Dry Port.

Sambrial became the fourth tehsil of Sialkot, containing 160 villages with 17 Union Councils of Pakistan and two police stations - Sambrial and Begowala.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Lehri is a town and Union Council of Sibi District in the Balochistan province of Pakistan.

Tehsils of Balochistan
Sukkur City Taluka is an administrative subdivision (taluka) of Sukkur District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The city of Sukkur is the capital.

Administration
Sukkur City Taluka is administratively divided into 11 Union Councils.

Talukas of Sindh
Rohri Taluka is an administrative subdivision (taluka) of Sukkur District in the Sindh province of Pakistan, the town of Rohri is the capital.

Administration
Rohri Taluka is administratively divided into 11 Union Councils.

Talukas of Sindh
Patrick "Pat" Rafter (born 28 December 1972) is a retired professional tennis player from Australia. He was once ranked number one in the world. Rafter won the US Open in 1997 and 1998. He also reached and lost the 2000 and 2001 Wimbledon finals to Pete Sampras and Goran Ivanišević respectively.

Other websites 
 

1972 births
2000 Summer Olympics
Australian male tennis players
Australian of the Year Award winners
Australian Olympians
Australian Open champions
Living people
Sportspeople from Queensland
US Open (tennis) champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Patrick "Pat" Cash (born May 27, 1965, in Melbourne, Victoria) is a retired professional tennis player from Australia. He won the Wimbledon Championships in 1987 and was once ranked the fourth best player in the world.

References

1965 births
Australian male tennis players
Australian Olympians
Living people
Sportspeople from Melbourne
Wimbledon champions
Pioneer 10 was a space probe launched by NASA in March 1972. Its aims were to study the planets Jupiter and Saturn as well as the edges of the Solar System. The spacecraft also carried one of two plaques, the Pioneer plaques. On the plaques were images that held some information about humans and earth. The other plaque was on Pioneer 11. The plaques were designed by a team lead by Carl Sagan to communicate with extraterrestrial life should the spacecraft come into contact with it.

There is no longer communication with the probe; the last contact was in 2003 and in 2006 a final attempt at contact failed.

Pioneer program
Synthetic usually means the combination of two or more parts, either by humans or natural processes. It can also be used as in:

 Synthetic fabric, fabric made from synthetic fibers
 Synthetic fiber, a fiber not made from natural materials, but from materials like oil
 Synthesizer, a machine to create artificial sounds
Super Bowl XXXIV (or Super Bowl 34) was a Super Bowl game between the St. Louis Rams and the Tennessee Titans in the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1999 regular season. The Rams won against the Titans 23–16. The game was played on January 30, 2000 at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia.
It is best remembered for the final play of the game, where Mike Jones of St Louis tackled Kevin Dyson of Tennessee at the one yard line as time ran out, thus stopping Tennessee from scoring a touchdown that could have tied the game.

The game

Both teams did not play well early on in the game.  St. Louis went inside the "Red zone" (the final 20 yards) of Tennessee's half six times in the first half, but only scored four times - three field goals, and one touchdown.  They missed one field goal try, and had to abort another due to a bad snap. Tennessee also missed a field goal in the fist half.  This gave St Louis a 16-0 lead at half time.
In the second half, Tennessee fought back, with two Touchdowns - but only scored the extra point on one of them, and then tied the game with a field goal.
St. Louis then scored in just one play to take the lead again, 23-16, with fewer than two minutes left.
With only one time-out remaining, Tennessee tried to drive into the End zone to score a touchdown that could have tied the game if they made the extra point.  However, after using their time-out with just six seconds left, the final play had Kevin Dyson tackled at the one yard line. The time ran out, and St. Louis won the game.

Most Valuable Player (MVP)
St. Louis quarterback Kurt Warner was named the game's Most Valuable Player (MVP).

Team statistics

Player statistics

*Completions/Attempts
aCarries
bLong play
cReceptions

Starting players

Game officials 
 Referee: Bob McElwee
 Umpire: Ron Botchan
 Head Linesman: Earnie Frantz
 Line Judge: Byron Boston
 Field Judge: Al Jury
 Side Judge: Tom Fincken
 Back Judge: Bill Leavy
 Alternate Referee: Walt Coleman
 Alternate Umpire: Bob Wagner

Other websites 
 Super Bowl XXXIV official website
 Large online database of NFL data and statistics

034
Sports in Atlanta, Georgia
2000 in sports
St. Louis Rams
2000 in the United States
20th century in Georgia (U.S. state)
History of Atlanta, Georgia
The three-letter acronym SEA could mean:

People/organizations/businesses
SEA Consultants Inc., an engineering consulting firm located in Cambridge, MA.
Scientists and Engineers for America, a pro-science political advocacy group.
Sea Education Association
Service des essences des armées, French army supply corps
Sky Eats Airplane, a digital metalcore band from Texas.
Socialist Environmental Alliance, a minor political party in Northern Ireland.
Società Enti Aeroportuali, the organization running airports in Milan, Italy.
Société d'Études Aéronautiques, the same name given to two different aircraft manufacturers, one French, one Belgian.
Southern Economic Association
State education agency
Students for Environmental Action
System Enhancement Associates, the makers of the Arc file archiver.

Sports teams
 The Seattle Seahawks, a National Football League team
 The Seattle Mariners, a Major League Baseball team
 The Seattle Supersonics, a National Basketball Association team

Mathematical
Schoof-Elkies-Atkin algorithm
Statistical Energy Analysis

Locations
Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (IATA: SEA, ICAO: KSEA)
Southeast Asia

Other
Sky Eats Airplane, a five piece hardcore/electronica group
Search Engine Advertising
Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, a practice common among UN officials working in developing countries
Simplified Email Address
Single European Act
Soluble Egg Antigen
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Stuffit Expander Application
Svensk Elektrobil AB

See also
Sea
Seas
Billy Reid (born 18 July 1963 in Glasgow) is a retired Scottish footballer. He is now manager of Scottish Premier League club Hamilton Academical.

Reid won the PFA Scotland Manager of the Year in 2008.

References 

1963 births
Living people
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Craig James Brewster, (born in Dundee on 13 December 1966), is a Scottish manager and former professional footballer . He was most recently manager of Inverness Caledonian Thistle for the second time, but had previously made his name in a long and successful career playing as a prolific centre forward for many clubs in Scotland, but most notably for Ionikos in Greece.

1966 births
Living people
People from Dundee 
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Jim Jefferies (born November 22, 1950 in Musselburgh, East Lothian) is the Scottish football manager of Scottish Premier League team Kilmarnock F.C.. Jefferies began his managerial career at Gala Fairydean before he joined Berwick Rangers where he was manager until 1988. He then managed Falkirk FC, Heart of Midlothian FC and Kilmarnock FC. He was the longest serving manager in the Scottish Premier League when he left Kilmarnock in January 2010. He had been managing the club for eight years.

References 

1950 births
Living people
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Mark Edward McGhee (born 25 May, 1957 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a former professional footballer and current manager of English club Bristol Rovers.

Playing career
McGhee played for many Scottish and English clubs, before he had to retire because of injury. He started his playing career at Greenock Morton before moving on to Newcastle United, Aberdeen, Hamburg, Celtic, IK Brage and Reading and won the Scottish PFA Players' Player of the Year in 1982 as well as four caps and two goals for the Scotland national football team.  His greatest career moment came in 1983 when he was in the Aberdeen side that defeated Real Madrid 2-1 to lift the European Cup Winner's Cup.

1957 births
Living people
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Sportspeople from Glasgow
Walter Smith, OBE (24 February 1948 – 26 October 2021) was a Scottish football player, but was better known as a football manager. He was the manager of Scottish Premier League club Rangers, his second spell in that capacity with the club.

Early life and career
Walter Smith was born in Lanark, South Lanarkshire, and grew up in Carmyle in the east end of Glasgow as a boyhood fan of Rangers. He trained as an electrician and gained employment at the South of Scotland Electricity Board before launching his football career in the 1960s with Junior League team Ashfield.

Smith signed as a defender with Dundee United in 1966, joining as a part-timer while working as an electrician. He was a decent player rather than a gifted one. In September 1975 he moved to Dumbarton, but returned to United in 1977. At the age of 29, a pelvic injury threatened his career and he was invited to join the Dundee United coaching staff by Jim McLean. His first team appearances were limited thereafter, but he remained a signed player and his final club match was in September 1980. In total, he made over 250 senior appearances, scoring three goals.

Death
In March 2021, Smith was hospitalized and had surgery for an unknown illness. Smith's death was announced on 26 October 2021. He was 73.

References

1948 births
2021 deaths
Scottish footballers
Scottish football managers
Sehwan Sharif () is a city in Dadu District, Sindh, Pakistan.

History 
The city is known for its Muslim patron saint Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalandar who lived here in 13th century CE. The mausoleum of Hazrat Shahbaz Qalandar attracts hundred of thousands of faithful Muslims every year. Sehvan sharif is basically known by the Muslim Sufi saint, philosopher and poet Hazrat Syed Usman Shah Marwandi commonly known as Lal Shahbaz Qalandar ( ال شھباز قلندر).

Talukas of Sindh
Okara () is a city in the Okara District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is southwest of the city of Lahore. Okara is famous for its agriculture-based economy and cotton mills.

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Landi Kotal or Landikotal () in Pakistan is the highest point on the Khyber Pass, 1,072 metres above sea level. It is on a route across the mountains from the near-border city, Peshawar. Landi Kotal is often visited by tourists and can be reached by train or road.

Landi Kotal is the main shopping centre for both the Shinwari and Afridi tribes.

History 
In 1897, during British rule, the Afridis attacked Landi Kotal and other posts in the Khyber Pass. The British counter-attacked with a force of 34,500 men under Sir William Lockhart, defeating the Afridis. 

In 1925 work began on a railway line linking Jamrud to Landi Kotal.

References

Other websites 

 

Khyber Agency
Liège (; ; German: Lüttich) is the easternmost province of the Walloon Region, in Belgium. Its capital is the city of Liège.

It is an area of French and German ethnic groups. Most of its inhabitants speak French and a minority of them speaks German.

History

The present province comes from a department created by the French government in the late eighteenth century, the Department of Ourte. In 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon, the eastern part (Eupen, Malmedy, Saint-Vith and four other German municipalities) was given to the Prussian empire.

While maintaining the French administrative borders, King William I of the Netherlands gave back the more traditional names of the provinces instead of the names used by the French. He named the province as Liège, remembering the old principality of Liège, although the region did not correspond much to the old principality.

In 1919, after the Prussian defeat, the cantons Eupen, Malmedy and Saint-Vith were again part of the province of Liège.

Geography
The province of Liège is in southeastern Belgium and borders on (clockwise from the North) the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and in Belgium the provinces of Luxembourg, Namur, Walloon Brabant (Wallonia), and those of Flemish Brabant and Limburg (Flanders).

The province has an area of , with a population of  and a density of  inhabitants per km². The province is divided into four arrondissements (arrondissementen in Dutch) with 84 municipalities, 75 French-speaking municipalities and 9 German-speaking municipalities.

With , the Signal de Botrange is the highest point of the province and of Belgium. It is in Waimes, Verviers district.

Rivers
The main river is the Meuse (Dutch: Maas) river; its source is in France, in Champagne-Ardenne and then flows through Belgium by the provinces of Namur and Liège. After , it flows into the North Sea.

Other rivers in the province are:
 Ourthe, tributary of the Meuse.
 Vesdre, also a tributary of the Meuse.
 Amblève, tributary of the Ourthe.
 Warche, tributary of the Amblève.
 Geer, another tributary of the Meuse.

Administrative divisions
The province of Liège is divided into 4 arrondissements (Huy, Liège, Verviers and Waremme) and a total of 84 municipalities.

Population by arrondissement
Population on 1 January of each year.

References

Other websites 

 Official web site of the Liège province (in French)
  Bureau des Relations Extérieures de la Province de Liège  (in French, Dutch, German and English)
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen, , German: Ostflandern) is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium.

Its capital, and also the largest city of the province, is Ghent (, ).

Name
East in East Flanders means that it is in eastern part of Flanders, a region that forms part of the present Belgium. The word Flanders refers to the historic county of Flanders and appears for the first time in the year 358 under the name pagus Flandrensis (pagus is a Latin word meaning a very small town, with only few houses).

The pagus Flandrensis region was a coastal area with large tidal channels and green marshes where sheep farmers lived.

The modern province of East Flanders was the old Escaut department, created in 1795 during the First French Empire in the eastern part of the County of Flanders.

In 1815, during the creation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the department became the province of East Flanders.

Geography
East Flanders borders (clockwise from the North) on the Netherlands and in Belgium on the provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant (both in Flanders), of Hainaut (Wallonia) and of West Flanders (Flanders).

The province has an area of  with a population of  and a density of  inhabitants per km².

The capital and biggest city is Ghent, also the second largest city in the Flemish Region. Other smaller cities are Aalst, Sint-Niklaas and Dendermonde in the east of the province.

Its highest point is Hotondberg,  high, in the municipality of Kluisbergen, Oudenaarde district.

The main river in the province is the Scheldt (Dutch: Schelde, ); it merges with the Leie in Ghent. The Dender flows into the Scheldt in the city of Dendermonde.

Administrative divisions
The province of Hainaut is divided into six arrondissements (Aalst, Dendermonde, Eeklo, Ghent, Oudenaarde and Sint-Niklaas) and a total of 65 municipalities.

Population by arrondissement
Population on 1 January of each year.

Notes

References

Other websites

  Official Website
Flemish Brabant (Dutch: Vlaams-Brabant, French: Brabant flamand) is the youngest and smallest province of the Flemish Region, one of the three regions of Belgium. It covers the Dutch-speaking northern part of the former province of Brabant. Flemish Brabant also completely surrounds the Brussels-Capital Region, which forms an enclave within the territory of the province.

Its capital, and also the largest city of the province, is the university city of Leuven (, often used in English).

History
Flemish in Flemish Brabant means that it is in the Flemish part of the former province of Brabant of Belgium. Brabant was an old region, the Duchy of Brabant. The word Brabant appears for the first time in the seventh century when the abbey of Nivelles was founded in the pagus Bracbatensis (pagus is a Latin word meaning a very small town, with only few houses).

Flemish Brabant was created in 1995 by the splitting of the former province of Brabant into three parts: two new provinces, Flemish Brabant and Walloon Brabant; and the Brussels-Capital Region, which no longer belongs to any province. The split was made to accommodate the eventual division of Belgium in three regions (Flanders, Wallonia and the Brussels-Capital Region).

Geography
The province borders on (clockwise from the North) the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Limburg, Liège, Walloon Brabant, Hainaut and East Flanders.

The province has an area of ; it is about  long (east-west direction) and about  wide (north-south direction).

It has a population of  and a density of  inhabitants per km². The province is divided into two districts (arrondissements in French and  arrondissementen in Dutch) with 65 municipalities.

The main rivers of the province are the Dyle, the Demer and the Zenne.

Administrative divisions
The province of Flemish Brabant is divided into two districts: Halle-Vilvoorde has Brussels in its middle and, therefore, is mainly a residential area, but it also has large industrial zones; the other district is Leuven, centered on the city of Leuven.

Population by arrondissement
Population on 1 January of each year.

References

Other websites 

 Official web site of the Flemish Brabant province
A coupé or coupe (from the French coupé: past participle of the verb couper, to cut) is type a sports car with a fixed roof and two doors.

 
Automobile body styles

fr:Type de carrosserie#Coupé
Angus 'Gus' Ian MacPherson (born 11 October 1968 in Glasgow) is a former Scottish footballer. St Mirren parted with MacPherson on 11 May 2010. He is currently the manager of Queen of the South. He was educated at Lenzie Academy

Playing career

McPherson started his career as a youth player with Rangers, but was unable to break in to the first team, spending a period on loan to Exeter City. In 1991 he moved to Kilmarnock, where he went on to play over 350 games.

He played with Dunfermline Athletic for two season before moving to St Mirren as player–assistant manager in 2003.

MacPherson was then appointed as player–manager on 18 December 2003 after the resignation of John Coughlin.

He retired from playing at the end of the 2003-04 season.

References

1968 births
Living people
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
St. Johnstone Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Perth. Although it is officially recorded as being formed in 1884, research has shown that they did not play their first game until February 1885. The club plays its home games at McDiarmid Park.

St. Johnstone will now compete in the Scottish Premiership after finishing first and being promoted in the 2008-09 season.

References

Scottish Premier League clubs
1884 establishments in the United Kingdom
1880s establishments in Scotland
A bookcase, or bookshelf, is a piece of furniture that is used to hold books.

Bookcases can be different sizes, from a small single shelf to a large bookcase that can fill an entire wall.

Libraries have many bookcases holding books on many different topics.

History of the bookcase
In imperial China, there were revolving bookcases. They are described in 8th- and 9th-century Chinese writings. They were popular in Buddhist monasteries during the Song Dynasty. A revolving bookcase is shown in Li Jie's Yingzao Fashi.

Books used to be written by hand. Not many of them were made. At that time, they were kept in small boxes or chests. The boxes or chests were carried around with the owners. When people started having a lot of books and other manuscripts, they kept them on shelves or in cupboards. Later the cupboard doors were removed. The cupboards then looked like today's bookcases.

The oldest bookcases in England are in the Bodleian Library at Oxford University. Those were put there near the end of the 16th century.

References

Furniture
A Spreadsheet is a computer program that imitates a paper worksheet. It shows a large sheet (like a sheet of paper) that has many cells in a grid of rows and columns. Users can put words or numbers into the cells, to make headings and store information (usually numbers). You can also move the grid lines around so that some cells are bigger than others, and change the color or size of text/font, the same way font/text is changed in a word processor. You can even put pictures in the worksheets, make multiple pages, and print out their results on real paper.

The primary reason most people use spreadsheets is for automatic calculations. Spreadsheets can be designed to add up the items/amounts on a bill, calculate sales tax, and even calculate income tax. A user can add and subtract the numbers here, even if the numbers are not next to each other. This means the computer does all the math, and people only need to give the correct information.

Another strength of spreadsheets, is that they can produce diagrams, like graphs and pie-charts, based on the data the user enters. Sometimes the numbers make more sense when the computer turns them into a picture.

Popular spreadsheet software 
 Microsoft Excel
 Apple Numbers
 OpenOffice.org Calc
 Google Spreadsheet

Less popular spreadsheet software 
 Lotus 1-2-3 IBM, for Windows, Mac OS X & Linux, original 1983, last 2010
 Quattro Pro, for Windows, original 1989, last 2010
 Gnumeric, for Windows & Linux, original 2002, last 2010
 Kspread, Windows, Mac OS X & Linux, original 2007, last 2010
 EditGrid, internet based, like Google Spreadsheets, 2008

Old spreadsheet software 
 VisiCalc, original 1979
 APLDOT modeling language: US Railway Association. 1976
 LANPAR spreadsheet compiler: Bell Canada and AT&T, 1969
 Autoplan/Autotab spreadsheet programming language: GE, 1968
 BCL, or Business Computer Language: IBM, 1963
Washington can have different meanings:

 George Washington (1732-1799) was the first president of the United States and gives his name to:
 Washington, one of the 50 states of the United States. 
 Washington, D.C., capital of the United States, also known as the District of Columbia

Other cities with Washington in their name

Counties named Washington 
There are 30 counties in the United States named for George Washington

Current counties 

 Washington County, Alabama
 Washington County, Arkansas
 Washington County, Colorado
 Washington County, Florida
 Washington County, Georgia
 Washington County, Idaho
 Washington County, Illinois
 Washington County, Indiana
 Washington County, Iowa
 Washington County, Kansas
 Washington County, Kentucky
 Washington Parish, Louisiana
 Washington County, Maryland
 Washington County, Maine
 Washington County, Minnesota
 Washington County, Mississippi

 Washington County, Missouri
 Washington County, Nebraska
 Washington County, New York
 Washington County, North Carolina
 Washington County, Ohio
 Washington County, Oklahoma
 Washington County, Oregon
 Washington County, Pennsylvania
 Washington County, Rhode Island
 Washington County, Tennessee
 Washington County, Texas
 Washington County, Utah
 Washington County, Virginia
 Washington County, Vermont
 Washington County, Wisconsin

Former counties 
 Washington County, former county of South Dakota (1883-1943) that joined with Jackson, Pennington and Shannon counties.
 Washington County, District of Columbia (historic subdivision abolished in 1871)

Lakes 
 Lake Washington in the Washington state

Islands 
 Washington Island (Wisconsin), the largest of the islands that make up the Town of Washington in Door County, Wisconsin
 Washington Island (Michigan) in Keweenaw County, Michigan
 Washington Island (Minnesota) in Lake County, Minnesota
 Washington Island (New York) in Jefferson County, New York
 Washington Island (Kiribati), a small island in Kiribati
 Washington Islands Wilderness in Washington state
 English name for Teraina, an island in the central Pacific Ocean, part of the Republic of Kiribati
 An 18th century name for Ua Huka, later extended as the "Washington Islands" to include all of the northern Marquesas Islands

Outside the United States 
 Washington, Argentina
 Washington, Aruba
 Washington, Bolivia
 Washington, Ontario, Canada
 Washington, Colombia
 Washington, Cuba
 Washington, Dominican Republic
 Washington, Guyana
 Washington, Ireland
 Washington, Nicaragua
 New Washington, Aklan in the Philippines
 several Barangays in the Philippines, including ones in:
 San Jacinto, Masbate
 Escalante City
 Catarman, Northern Samar
 Surigao City
 Legazpi City
 Washington, South Africa
 Washington, West Sussex in England
 Washington, Tyne and Wear in England
 Washington Gardens, Jamaica
 Washington Luiz, Paraná in Brazil
 Washington Island, an alternate name for Teraina, an atoll of Kiribati
 An 18th century name for Ua Huka, later extended as the "Washington Islands" to include all of the northern Marquesas Islands
Donald John Judson Aiken (January 1, 1932 – November 2, 2021) was an American ice hockey player. He played one game for the Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League between the 1957 and 1958 season. He was born in Arlington, Massachusetts.

Aiken died on November 2, 2021 in Reading, Massachusetts at the age of 89.

Career statistics

References

Other websites 

1932 births
American ice hockey players
2021 deaths
Montreal Canadiens players
Sportspeople from Massachusetts
Alexander Andrijevski (born August 10, 1968 in Minsk, Belarus) was a Belarusian professional hockey right winger who played one game for the Chicago Blackhawks in the National Hockey League.

Career statistics

Other websites 
 
 

1968 births
Belarusian ice hockey players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Living people
People from Minsk
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
The 1931–32 NHL season was the fifteenth season of the National Hockey League. Eight teams played 48 games each. The Toronto Maple Leafs swept the New York Rangers in three games for the Stanley Cup.

Regular season

Final standings

Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals For, GA = Goals Against, PIM = Penalties in minutes

Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold

Leading scorers
Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes

Stanley Cup playoffs

Playoff bracket

NHL awards

All-Star teams

First games
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1931–32 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark start in playoffs):
Art Coulter, Chicago Black Hawks
Earl Seibert, New York Rangers
Ott Heller, New York Rangers

Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1931–32 (listed with their last team):
Georges Boucher, Chicago Black Hawks
Art Gagne, Detroit Falcons
Carson Cooper, Detroit Falcons

References

Hockey Database
NHL.com

1931 in North America
1932 in North America
Bigpoint GmbH is a game developer based in Hamburg, Germany which produces browser based MMORPG games that are unique in that do not require any downloads to play.

Founded by Heiko Hubertz  in December of 2002, Bigpoint has experienced record growth (more than 4500% in 5 years) since its creation and won numerous business awards including the Red Herring Award in 2007 - placing it among the top 100 most innovative businesses - and the Ruban d'Honneur at the European Business Awards in 2009.

In June of 2008 a 70% controlling share of Bigpoint GmbH was purchased by NBCU's and GE's joint venture Peacock Equity Fund  and UK PE Firm GMT Communications Partners in a $110m (€70m) deal that gave each a 35% share of the company.

This allowed the three initial venture capital investors -  Aurelia Private Equity, European Founders Fund and United Internet Beteiligungen - to sell out while CEO Heiko Hubertz  re-invested his share of the sale to retain a 30% stake in the company.

Heiko Hubertz  currently acts as the company's Managing Director.

Bigpoint has a portfolio of more than 40 games translated into 20 languages, with the two largest being SeaFight with approximately 15.7 million registered users and Dark Orbit with approximately 14.2 million registered users.

The company claims to receive more than 200,000 new user registrations each day.

A complete list of Bigpoint's games can be found Here

Related Links 
Bigpoint Homepage
Bigpoint Gaming Portal
Heiko Hubertz Profile 
Red Herring Award
European Business Awards
Peacock Equity Fund 
GMT Communications partners

Sources

GMT and NBC Universal take over Bigpoint
Bigpoint’s Sale to NBC-GMT a Big Deal 
Peacock Equity Fund, GMT in $110 Million Buyout of Bigpoint 
NBCU’s Peacock And PE Firm GMT Take $110 Million Majority Stake In German Gamer Bigpoint 
Bigpoint GmbH Company Profile

Related Information 

Online games
Space Invasion is a text-based online browser game. Space Invasion is a Space-strategy themed game. It currently has over 500,000 Players. Space Invasion was created by the company Bigpoint.

Resources 

There are 4 types of resources. They are:
 Pig Iron
 Metal 
 Kryptonite
 Spice

Pig Iron is for upgrading buildings and also to help create Metal.

Metal is harder, more resistant and more mouldable than pig iron, and is used mostly for ship construction and better structures. This is the most used substance in the game

Kryptonite is used for almost all types of ships and buildings. It's also used for research.

Spice is a mostly a rare raw material. As a result, it is that much more valuable. Spice provides a good performance in ship drives, in research and also in alloys. Spice even plays a vital role in food production. It is essential for an up-and-coming empire.

In this game you can trade the various resources with the rule of thumb being 6:3:4:1 in the order Pig Iron, Metal, Kryptonite, Spice.

e.g. 6k Pig Iron would be traded for 3k Metal, or 4k Kyrptonite, or 1k Spice.

Mining 

Mining is the first task you start in the game. In order to mine the four resources you must upgrade each mine. Every upgrade increases the amount of resources the mine produces every hour. But every upgrade uses more energy. So accordingly you must also upgrade the Fusion Plant, which produces energy for the mines. 

Every upgrade uses another field. On your first planet there is 230 fields.

Building 

This is the second possibility after mining. You can build and upgrade the Development Center which decreases your building times for factories and such. The research lab unlocks different types of research, and decreases research times. The weapons factory is needed for all ships and defenses. With every level the weapons factory decreases production time.

Online games
Stromatolites  are special rock-like structures. They usually form in shallow water.

They are formed by bacteria such as cyanobacteria. There may also be other types of bacteria and single-celled algae.

The mucus secreted by the bacteria collects grains of sediment, and they are stuck together with calcium carbonate, also from the bacteria. This builds up into the structures seen in certain sea-shore bays. Cyanobacteria use water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight to create their food, and expel oxygen as a by-product.

The real significance of stromatolites is that they are the earliest fossil evidence of life on Earth. The oldest known stromatolites have been dated between 3,710 million years and 3,695 million years old, and were discovered from an exposed outcrop of metacarbonate rocks in the Isua supracrustal belt (ISB) in Southwest Greenland. 

The ISB stromatolites predate by over 215 million years the previous evidence for oldest life remains: stromatolites in the 3,480 million year old Dresser Formation of the Pilbara craton in Western Australia.
At one time, the oldest known stromatolites were dated to 3,450 million years ago, during the Archaean eon. Recent discoveries of older stromatolites shows evidence in accord with genetic molecular clock studies. These have placed the origin of life in the Hadean eon.

The ability of cyanobacteria to perform oxygenic photosynthesis is highly significant. Early cyanobacteria in stromatolites are thought to be responsible for increasing the amount of oxygen in the primeval Earth's atmosphere through their continuing photosynthesis. They were the first known organisms to photosynthesize and produce free oxygen. After about a billion years, the effect of this photosynthesis began to make a huge change in the atmosphere. The process, called the Great Oxygenation Event, actually took a long time. Eventually, it killed off most of the organisms which could not live in oxygen. It led to the kinds of environment we know today, where most organisms use and need oxygen.

Related pages 
Thrombolite

References 

Fossils
Makemake (symbol ; officially known as 136472 Makemake) is a dwarf planet. It was discovered on March 31, 2005 by astronomers Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo and David Rabinowitz. It was announced as a dwarf planet on June 11, 2008, and the discovery of a moon was announced on April 26, 2016. Makemake is a Trans-Neptunian object, because it orbits the Sun further out than Neptune.   

Originally the object was given a codename 'Easterbunny' as it was discovered shortly after Easter.  The International Astronomical Union gave it the name Makemake, the creator god of the ancient Easter Island people, to keep its connection with Easter.

Makemake appears to be made mainly of ice and rock.  However, at its very low temperature, ice is as hard as many types of rock.

In 2016, it was discovered that Makemake has a small moon. Makemake's moon does not yet have a name.  Instead, astronomers call it "S/2015 (136472) 1".  Its orbital period around Makemake is more than 12 days.  The moon is about 175 kilometers across.

References

Other websites 
 MPEC listing for Makemake

Dwarf planets
Encyclopædia Dramatica is a website that stored mostly articles that make fun of people or things. The pages satirize current events, and many events on the internet. Encyclopædia Dramatica has been described as a "snarky (sarcastic and nasty) Wikipedia anti-fansite".

The site is a wiki that runs on MediaWiki software. The site often shows its content in a disrespectful way and often abusive style. Many articles are written in a satirical way to upset those who take the content seriously.

Content 
This wiki has been described as "an online compendium of troll humor and lore". Its articles relate to news, current events, gossip and other "drama" topics from across the Internet, controversial article content, forums, fansites, Internet subculture, users of web services, and online catchphrases are satirized in a manner described variously as coarse, offensive and frequently obscene. Articles at Encyclopædia Dramatica are notably critical of MySpace and administrators of Wikipedia.

Closed
It was closed on April 16, 2011, and relaunched as Oh Internet. Not all of the users of Encyclopedia Dramatica liked the decision. Many non-users didn't like the decision either, and hacked and attacked the Facebook fan page with "hate messages and pornography". But now, ED is back open.

References 

Wikis
Websites
Super Bowl XXXVI was a Super Bowl game. It was played on February 3, 2002 at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana. The New England Patriots won their first Super Bowl by defeating the St. Louis Rams (now called the Los Angeles Rams), 20–17. The national anthem was sung by Mariah Carey and the halftime show featured the band, U2.

Team statistics

Team statistics leaders

*Completions/Attempts
aCarries
bLong play
cReceptions

Starting players

Game Officials
 Referee: Bernie Kukar
 Umpire: Jeff Rice
 Head Linesman: Mark Hittner
 Line Judge: Ron Phares
 Field Judge: Pete Morelli
 Side Judge: Laird Hayes
 Back Judge: Scott Green
 Alternate Referee: Mike Carey
 Alternate Umpire: Ron Botchan

Other websites 
 Super Bowl official website
 https://www.pro-football-reference.com - Large online database of NFL data and statistics

036
2002 in sports
New England Patriots
St. Louis Rams
2002 in the United States
2000s in Louisiana
Marc Robert Bulger () (born April 5, 1977 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is the starting quarterback for the Baltimore Ravens in the National Football League. He was voted Most Valuable Player of the 2004 Pro Bowl.

Other websites 
Marc Bulger Season and Career Stats
St. Louis Rams Profile 

1977 births
American football quarterbacks
Atlanta Falcons players
Baltimore Ravens players
Living people
New Orleans Saints players
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
St. Louis Rams players
The Pro Bowl is the all-star game for the National Football League (NFL). It is played the week before the Super Bowl. The game has been played at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii, since January 1980.

AFC-NFC Pro Bowls (1971-present)

*filled in for then-Jets head coach Bill Parcells

**Saturday game

References

Other websites 
 
 The Complete History of the Pro Bowl 
 Pro Bowl info, pictures and news
 The NFL's official website
 Online Fan Voting Ballot 
 Pro Bowl Ticketing Site

Hawaii
National Football League
1980 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Hawaii
Slash fiction is fiction, especially fanfiction, that is about homosexual couples. Usually "slash" refers to male/male couples. The word "FemSlash" is used to describe female/female couples. To this day, most slash is written by females for females to read.

The word is believed to have first been used with Kirk/Spock pairings in fan stories. These stories began being written in the late 1970's.

Slash fiction does not need explicit sexual encounters to be considered slash. The homosexual activity could be just holding hands or kissing.

In Japanese manga, slash stories are called yaoi. This is only used to describe male/male relationships. Yuri is used to describe female/female relationships, much the same as the word "FemSlash" is used.

Other websites
 An article on a Franz Ferdinand/Morrissey slash story
 "Harry Potter and the mystery of an academic obsession"—an August, 2006 Observer article discussing Harry Potter slash.
 Gay "Trek" —a June 30, 2000 
 Performance, Property, and the Slashing of Gender in Fan Fiction
 Slash Fiction/Fanfiction - The International Handbook of Virtual Learning Environments

Writing
LGBT
Fiction genres
Thomas Richard Coughlin (born August 31, 1946 in Waterloo, New York) is the head coach for the New York Giants, the 2007 National Football League (NFL) Super Bowl Champions. He was the coach at Boston College before moving to the NFL.

NFL coaching record

Other websites 
 Biography on New York Giants official site 

People from New York
1946 births
Living people
National Football League coaches
College football coaches
Fenway Park is a baseball stadium in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the home stadium of the Boston Red Sox. The park opened in 1912. It is the oldest of all current Major League Baseball parks.

The ballpark has also been the home field of several football teams. Some Boston college teams have played there. The New England Patriots also played there in their early years.

The name Fenway Park comes from the stadium being in the Fenway district of Boston. One of its well-known features is the Green Monster, a tall wall in left field.  Seats were added to the Green monster in 2003.

The Major League Baseball All-Star Games in 1946, 1961, and 1999 were played at Fenway. Nine World Series games have been played there.

Other websites 

Fenway Park info, including information on visiting 
Fenway Park facts, photos, statistics and trivia
Boston Ballpark History . MLB.com.
Fenway Park dynamic diagram at Clem's Baseball
Google Maps Aerial view
SaveFenwayPark.com, a fan-run movement to save and preserve Fenway Park 

Boston Red Sox
Major League Baseball venues
Sports buildings in the United States
Buildings and structures in Boston, Massachusetts
1912 establishments in the United States
An amendment is a formal or official change made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document.  It is based on the verb to amend, which means to change. Amendments can add, remove, or update parts of these agreements.  They are often used when it is better to change the document than to write a new one.

Contracts 

Contracts are often amended when the market changes.  For example, a contract to deliver something to a customer once a month can be amended if the customer wants it delivered once a week.  Usually, everyone involved in the contract must agree to the amendment before it goes into effect.  Most contracts are written with rules about amendments, like if they are allowed, who must agree to them, and when they go into effect.

Constitutions 

Constitutions are often amended when people change their minds about what the government should do.  Some of the most famous constitutional amendments are the First Amendment to the United States Constitution which added the freedom of speech, religion, press, and protest, and the Third Amendment to the Constitution of Ireland, which let Ireland join the European Union.  Constitutional amendments usually must be approved by both the parliament or legislature and a referendum - a vote by all citizens in a country.

Motion 

In parliamentary procedure, the way that many meetings are run, an amendment is a type of motion - a proposal or formal suggestion to do something.  Amendments can remove words, add words, or change words from motions.  Usually, any motion can be amended, even other amendments.  However, an amendment to an amendment of an amendment is often not allowed.

Politics
Matthew Stephen Leinart (born May 11, 1983 in Santa Ana, California) is an American football quarterback for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League. He played college football for the University of Southern California Trojans. In 2004, his junior year at USC, he won the Heisman Trophy. He was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in 2006. The Cardinals released him in 2010, and he was signed by the Houston Texans. He joined the Raiders for the 2012 season.

Honors

2004
 Heisman Trophy Winner
 Rose Bowl MVP
 Walter Camp Award
 AP player of the year
 Touchdown Club Manning Award
 Touchdown Club QB of the Year
 Victor Award (Player of the Year)
 James E. Sullivan Award Finalist
 Newport college player of the year
 AP All-American first team
 Football Coaches All-American first team
 ESPN, CSTV, Rivals.com, SI.com, and CFBNews first team All-American 
 Pac-10 Co-offensive player of the year
 ESPN.com player of the year
 Rivals.com player of the year
 Pre-season All-American

2005
Orange Bowl MVP 
Unitas Award
Finalist for Heisman Trophy
All-American Offensive Player
LA Sports Sportsman of the Year
Sporting News Sportsman of the Year
National Championship MVP

2006
Cosmopolitan Fun Fearless Males 2006
ESPN Hottest Male Athlete of the Year
People Magazine 100 Most Beautiful People
10th Pick in the 2006 NFL draft

Career statistics

College

NFL

References

Other websites 
 MattLeinartQB.com  - Matt Leinart Official Website
 MattLeinart.com - Matt Leinart News 
 Matt Leinart at NFL.com
 Matt Leinart on The Internet Movie Database
 SportsUltra .

1983 births
Living people
Arizona Cardinals players
Houston Texans players
American football quarterbacks
Football players from California
People from Santa Ana, California
Heisman Trophy winners