cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Martin Edward "Marty" Schottenheimer (; September 23, 1943 – February 8, 2021) was an American retired-professional American football player and coach. He served as head coach of the Cleveland Browns, Kansas City Chiefs, Washington Redskins, and San Diego Chargers.  He had the most wins of any NFL coach to never coach a team in a Super Bowl.

Early life
Schottenheimer was born in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. He was raised in McDonald, Pennsylvania. He studied at the University of Pittsburgh.

Career
From 1965 through 1968, he played for the Buffalo Bills. From 1969 through 1970, he played for the Boston Patriots.

In 21 years as an NFL head coach, Schottenheimer won 200 regular season games and 5 out of 18 games in the postseason. He had only two seasons with more losses than wins in his entire career, and none until his 15th season; the Browns finished with a losing record in his first season, but with Schottenheimer as their coach, they were 4–4. He is the only coach in NFL history with at least 200 wins that has a losing playoff record.

He was the head coach of the San Diego Chargers from 2002 through 2006. He was fired from his head coaching position with the San Diego Chargers in 2007, after leading the Chargers to a 14–2 regular season record but a disappointing second round playoff loss. 

After being fired as head coach of the Chargers, he became the head coach of the Virginia Destroyers of the United Football League. He would later win his only championship as a coach in his lone season there.

Personal life
In 1968, he married his wife Pat. They have two children including Brian, who serves as the quarterbacks coach for the Indianapolis Colts. Schottenheimr's younger brother Kurt has also served as an NFL coach. 

In October 2016, it was revealed that Schottenheimer was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease in 2011.

On February 3, 2021, his family announced he had been put into hospice care the week before in Charlotte, North Carolina. He died on February 8, 2021 from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, aged 77.

References

1943 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American football coaches
Buffalo Bills players
New England Patriots players
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Brachiozoa is a group of lophotrochozoan animals consisting of Phoronida and Brachiopoda.

Animals
Vitaly Ivanovich Churkin (; 21 February 1952 – 20 February 2017) was a Russian diplomat and former child actor. He was the Ambassador of Russia to the United Nations from 1 May 2006 until his death. He was also the Ambassador of Russia to Belgium from 1994 to 1998.

Churkin was born in Moscow. He acted in movies as a child with his famous role being as Fedka the peasant boy in A Mother's Heart (1967). He spoke Russian, Mongolian, French and English.

Churkin died on 20 February 2017 in New York City, United States. He died one day before his 65th birthday. The cause was heart failure, according to Russian diplomat Sergei Ordzhonikidze.

References

Other websites

 

1952 births
2017 deaths
Ambassadors of Russia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Child actors
Russian movie actors
Russian politicians
Larry Coryell (April 2, 1943 – February 19, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist. He was known as the "Godfather of Fusion". His career began in 1965. 

In the early 1970s, he led a group called Foreplay with Mike Mandel although the albums of this period—Barefoot Boy, Offering, and The Real Great Escape—were credited only to "Larry Coryell." He formed the group The Eleventh House in 1973. 

Coryell was born in Galveston, Texas. He was raised in Richland, Washington. He studied at the University of Washington. Coryell died on February 19, 2017 in his hotel room in New York City from cardiac arrest, aged 73.

References

Other websites

Official site

1943 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
American jazz musicians
American guitarists
Musicians from Texas
Musicians from Washington
Musicians from New York City
People from Galveston, Texas
Sofía Ímber (May 8, 1924 – February 20, 2017) was a Romanian-born Venezuelan journalist and philanthropist. She was known for being a supporter of the arts and for promoting contemporary art in Venezuela. She was the founder of the Contemporary Art Museum of Caracas.

Ímber was born in Soroca, Kingdom of Romania, now Moldova to Jewish parents. Imber moved to Venezuela with her family when she was four years old, in 1930. Ímberr married Venezuelan journalist and diplomat Guillermo Meneses.

Ímber died in Caracas, Venezuela on February 20, 2017 from congestive heart failure, aged 92.

References

1924 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Jewish philanthropists
Jewish writers
Romanian journalists
Moldovan people
Romanian Jews
South American Jews
Venezuelan people
Herbert Raymond "H. R." McMaster (born July 24, 1962) is an American Lieutenant General in the United States Army and author. He was the 26th United States National Security Advisor from February 20, 2017 to April 9, 2018.  He was commander of the Maneuver Center of Excellence at Ft. Benning, Georgia. 

McMaster served as Director of Combined Joint Interagency Task Force-Shafafiyat (CJIATF-Shafafiyat) (Transparency) at ISAF (International Security Assistance Force) Headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan.  He is known for his roles in the Gulf War, Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom.

McMaster resigned as National Security Advisor on March 22, 2018, which became effective on April 9, 2018. He was replaced by John R. Bolton.

References

Other websites

 "H.R. McMaster: The Warrior's-Eye View of Afghanistan", Wall Street Journal interview May 11, 2012
 Online Video of Frontline program The Insurgency, see part 4.
 Nov 2003 Crack in the Foundation: Defense Transformation and the Underlying Assumption of Dominant Knowledge in Future War, H.R. McMaster (PDF)
 Hoover Institution bio 

1962 births
Living people
United States National Security Advisors
American military people
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Eric Jacobson (born July 25, 1970) is an American puppeteer who has been working with Sesame Street since 1994. He is the current performer of Grover since 1998 and Bert since 1997, he's also the current performer of Miss Piggy and Fozzie Bear in The Muppets Franchise, replacing Frank Oz. He is married to Mary Jacobson.

Muppet Performers
Muppet Characters: Fozzie Bear (2001-present), Miss Piggy (2002-present), Sam the Eagle (2003-present), Animal (2004-present) Gonzo (2005-present)
Sesame Street: Count Von Count (1993-present), Frankie, Giant Boulder, Mr. Snuffleupagus (2001-present), Guy Smiley (2004-present), Oscar the Grouch (2014-present), Two-Headed Monster (right head, 2017-present) one of The Three Little Pigs, Mr. Tiger, Hammy the Dwarf, the Martians, "Dinner Theatre" Pumpkin uncle ("Annie Get Your Gumbo"), Dusty
Bear in the Big Blue House: Harry the Duck, Yukker Tutter
Elmopalooza: Additional Puppeteer
It's a Very Merry Muppet Christmas Movie: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Yoda Muppet
A Muppets Christmas: Letters to Santa: Fozzie Bear, Miss Piggy, Animal, Sam Eagle
The Muppets: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam Eagle, Marvin Suggs
Spaghetti Space Chase: Bert, Super Grover 2.0
Muppets Most Wanted: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Sam Eagle, Animal, Baby
Muppet Moments: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam the Eagle
The Muppets 2015 Presentation Pilot: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam Eagle
The Muppets: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam Eagle, Marvin Suggs
The Muppets Take the Bowl: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam Eagle, The Newsman
The Muppets Take the O2: Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, Sam Eagle, The Newsman

References

Other websites
 

Living people
1970 births
Roman Zhuravskyi (; 3 June 1948 – 19 February 2017) was a Ukrainian professional football player who played as defender. He was born in Lviv, Ukraine. Zhuravskyi made his professional career in the different football teams of the Ukrainian SSR.

Zhuravskyi died on 19 February 2017 in Lviv, Ukraine from pancreatic cancer at the age of 68.

Honours
Soviet Top League (1) with FC Dynamo Kyiv: 1971
 Master of Sport of the USSR (1971)

References

1948 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Ukrainian footballers
Evan Sewell Wallace (November 1, 1982 – February 13, 2017), better known by his stage name e-dubble, was an American rapper. He was best known for his Freestyle Friday series in which he released a new song each Friday. He did this from 2010 to 2012. He was also a member of the hip hop group Young English. He was also the founder of Black Paisley Records. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania or Baltimore, Maryland.

Wallace died from a blood infection on February 13, 2017, at the age of 34.

References

1982 births
2017 deaths
American hip hop musicians
Rap musicians from Pennsylvania
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Musicians from Baltimore
Rap musicians from Maryland
B chromosomes are chromosomes which are not needed for the life of a species. They are also called 'supernumerary' or 'accessory chromosomes'.

In addition to normal chromosomes (the karyotype), many species have B chromosomes. Wild populations of many animal, plant, and fungi species have B chromosomes. These chromosomes are not essential for their life, and are lacking in many individuals. So a population might have individuals with 0, 1, 2, 3 (etc.) supernumeraries.

Most B chromosomes are mainly or entirely heterochromatic, and so do not code for anything. Some, such as the B chromosomes of maize, contain sizeable euchromatic segments, and therefore do code for some products.

It seems unlikely that supernumeraries would survive in a species unless there was some positive advantage. In a few cases this has been identified. For instance, the British grasshopper Myrmeleotettix maculatus has B chromosomes with a satellite DNA. They occur in warm, dry environments, and are scarce or absent in humid, cooler places.

It is thought that B chromosomes are parasitic elements like selfish DNA. Various scenarios have been suggested as to how they arose.

References 

Chromosomes
The Northeast Region of Brazil () is one of the five geographical regions of Brazil defined by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics in 1969. It is the third largest region, corresponding to 18% of the national territory, and the second in population.

Geography 
The Northeast Region has an area of . It is the region of the country with the longest coastline.

The climate in the region is very hot all the year long; tropical near the coast and semi-arid in the interior; semi-equatorial in the far west of the region. The vegetation mainly desert-like, with tropical forests along the coast and in the west and savanna-like vegetation, known as the Cerrado. in the southwest.

The Northeast Region is between 01° 02' 30" of latitude north and 18° 20' 07" of latitude south and between 34° 47' 30" and 48° 45' 24" of longitude west. It borders to the north and east with the Atlantic Ocean; to the south with the Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo states; and to west with the Pará, Tocantins and Goiás states.

The main rivers in the region are the São Francisco and the Parnaíba rivers; they have many tributaries.

Mountains
The highest point in the Northeast Region is Pico do Barbado () at . Pico do Barbado is the highest summit of the larger Serra do Barbado, in the Chapada Diamantina, in Bahia.

The highest point of the different states of the North Region are:

States 
This region is formed of nine states: Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Maranhão, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe.

Population 
, the Northeast region had a population of 56,915,936, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

The most important municipalities of the North Region are:

References 

Regions of Brazil
Henri Cohen (born ? - died 1930) was a Belgian water polo player. He was of Jewish descent.

Cohen was swimming for the Brussels Swimming and Water Polo Club.

He obtained a silver medal with his team at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.

References

Other websites 
 www.sports-reference.com 

Year of birth missing
1930 deaths
Belgian Jews
Belgian sportspeople
Jewish sportspeople
Olympic silver medalists
Water polo players
Max Lüscher (September 9, 1923 – February 2, 2017) was a Swiss psychotherapist. He was known for inventing the Lüscher color test. This was a tool for measuring an individual's psycho-physical state based on his or her color preferences. Lüscher worked for international companies, among other things giving color advice. His book The Lüscher Test has been translated into more than 30 languages.

Lüscher died in Lucerne, Switzerland on February 2, 2017, aged 93.

References

Other websites
 Basics about Lüscher's Color Diagnostik - 7 languages - including English
 Max Lüscher: The logical bases of the ethical norms (Powerpoint presentation)
 Biography of Max Lüscher

1923 births
2017 deaths
Swiss writers
Swiss scientists
Swiss psychologists
The Lüscher color test is a psychological test invented by Dr. Max Lüscher in Basel, Switzerland. Lüscher believed that sensory perception of color is "all shared by all", but that color preferences are not. This difference allows subjective states to be objectively measured by using test colors.

Lüscher believed that because the color selections are guided in a specific manner, they reveal the person as they really are, not as they perceive themselves or would like to be perceived.

How it works

More readings
Adels G. H., Validation of the Luscher-Color-Test as a screening instrument for emotional disturbance in schoolchildren, Diss. Boston University 1978;
 Braum C.M.J., Cross-cultural validity, reliability, and stimulus Personality Assessment, 1979, N.43, 5;
 Holmes, C. B., Buchannan, J. A., Duncan, D. S., Reed, T. The Barnum effect in Lüscher Color Test interpretation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1986. 42, 133-136.
 Klar H., Opium smokers and the psychological and emotional changes after smoking. Medico, Boehringer Mannheim, 1964, N. 1;
Klar H., Obesity in the Light of the Colour Test, Riv.Medico, Boehringer Mannheim, 1961, N.3;
Kopp M. S., Psychophysiological and Personality Characteristics of Juvenile Hypertensive and Duedenal Ulcer Patients, International Journal of Psychophysiology 2, 73-85,1984, Semmelweis University of Medicine POB 370 Budapest,

References

Other websites
 Lüscher color test home page (multilingual including English)
 ColorQuiz.com Personality Test

Tests
Little Sammy Davis (November 28, 1928 – February 16, 2018) was an American blues guitarist, harmonica player and songwriter. He was based in Hudson Valley, New York. Although his musical career began in the 1940s, he was not widely known until the mid-1990s when he began working in radio, singing, playing live on tour, and recording studio albums. He recorded songs with Muddy Waters, Earl Hooker, Albert King, and the Levon Helm Band.

Davis was born in Winona, Mississippi. He died in Middletown, New York of heart failure on February 16, 2018 at the age of 89.

References

Other websites
Award Winning Documenatary "Little Sammy Davis"

1928 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York
American blues musicians
American guitarists
American songwriters
African American musicians
People from Winona, Mississippi
Musicians from Mississippi
Writers from Mississippi
Writers from New York
Musicians from New York
Charlotte Jeanne Béraud de La Haye de Riou (4 October 1738 – 6 February 1806) was a mistress of Louis Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans, and later his wife. However, Louis XV would not allow her to become the Duchess. She is known simply as Madame de Montesson. For her husband's fun and her own, she set up a small theatre and wrote many plays, in which she acted. She was a friend of Joséphine de Beauharnais. She married twice but had no children. In 1770, a small home was built in Paris for her use. The building was called the Hôtel de Montesson. It was destroyed by fire in 1810.

Brief biography

Born in Paris in 1738 she was the only daughter of Jean Béraud de La Haye de Riou, Seigneur of la Gauvrillère and Josefa Minard. Her father was from an old Breton family, she first married a seventy-year-old widower Jean Baptiste de  Montesson, Marquis of Montesson on 11 October 1757 who died in 1769. Her beauty and intelligence attracted the attention of the widowed Louis Philippe d'Orléans who she secretly married in 1773 with the authorisation of King Louis XV. After her marriage to the Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, a member of the royal family and a Prince du Sang, her low rank did not allow her the title of Duchess of Orléans, nor having the rank of a Princess of the blood. During the French Revolution, she was arrested and imprisoned in the Temple Prison in Paris. She eventually died in Paris aged 67. She was buried at the Église Saint-Roch, Paris.

Titles and styles

4 October 1738 – 11 October 1757  Mademoiselle de La Haye de Riou.
11 October 1757 – 1769 The Marquise of Montesson. (Madame la marquise de Montesson)
1769 –	6 February 1806 The Dowager Marquise of Montesson.  (Madame la marquise de Montesson douairière)

References and notes

Other websites

1738 births
1806 deaths
People from Paris
House of Orléans
Lavelle White (born July 3, 1929) is an American blues and soul singer-songwriter. After performing most during her adulthood, White released three albums, the first of which was issued in 1994 when she was aged 65.

She has been nominated several times for a Blues Music Award, and in 2006 was inducted into the Texas Music Hall of Fame. The same year her ensemble was voted the Best Blues Band in The Austin Chronicle Music Awards.

References

1929 births
Living people
American blues musicians
American soul musicians
American singer-songwriters
Singers from Louisiana
Writers from Louisiana
Singers from Houston, Texas
Writers from Texas
Stanisław Paweł Stefan Jan Sebastian Skrowaczewski (; October 3, 1923 – February 21, 2017) was a Polish-American classical conductor and composer.

Skrowaczewski was born in Lwów (then in Poland, now in Ukraine). Between 1983 and 1992 he was principal conductor of the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester. Between 1995 and 1997, Skrowaczewski served as artistic advisor to the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra. He received the Commander Order of the White Eagle.

Skrowaczewski died in Minneapolis, Minnesota on February 21, 2017, aged 93.

References

Other websites
 
Biography
Interview with Stanislaw Skrowaczewski by Bruce Duffie, June 27, 1987
Seeking the Infinite: The Musical Life of Stanislaw Skrowaczewski  by Dr. Frederick Edward Harris Jr., publication date: August 31, 2011.

1923 births
2017 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish composers
American composers
American conductors
Writers from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Musicians from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Joseph Blatchford (born June 7, 1934) was the third Director of the United States Peace Corps. Blatchford was appointed Peace Corps Director in 1969 by President Richard Nixon. He retired 1971.

Blatchford was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was raised in Beverly Hills, California.

Other websites
 An Interview with Joseph Blatchford  Peace Corps Volunteer magazine. May, 1970  Pages 5-13 
 Peace Corps News Clips about Joseph Blatchford

1934 births
Living people
American philanthropists
Civil servants
People from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
People from Beverly Hills, California
Steve Hewlett (8 August 1958 – 20 February 2017) was a British print and radio journalist. He served as visiting professor of Journalism and Broadcast Policy at the University of Salford. He worked for the BBC and The Guardian and for programs such as Nationwide and Watchdog.

Hewlett died in London from oesophageal cancer on 20 February 2017, aged 58.

References

1958 births
2017 deaths
British academics
British journalists
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from esophageal cancer
Writers from London
Anthony Downs (; November 21, 1930 – October 2, 2021) was an American economist. He specialized in public policy and public administration. He was a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C., beginning in 1977.

Before 1977, Downs served for 18 years a member and then Chairman of Real Estate Research Corporation. He also was a Senior Analyst at the RAND Corporation and a professor at the University of Chicago.

Downs died on October 2, 2021 in Bethesda, Maryland at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2021 deaths
American economists
Educators from Illinois
Writers from Illinois
People from Evanston, Illinois
Keisha Castle-Hughes (born 24 March 1990) is an Australian-born New Zealand actress. She started her career in 2001.

Biography
Castle-Hughes was born in Donnybrook, Western Australia. Her mother is Māori and her father is an Australian. She moved to New Zealand at the age of one. She grew up in Auckland. She became a New Zealand citizen in 2001. Castle-Hughes also has four younger siblings: Rhys, Liam, Maddisyn and Quade.

Castle-Hughes is best known for her role as Paikea "Pai" Apirana in the movie Whale Rider (2002). For this, she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress. She was the youngest person to be nominated for the award at the time. She has also appeared in the movies Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005), Hey, Hey, It's Esther Blueburger (2008) and Red Dog (2011). On television, she has appeared in The Walking Dead, Game of Thrones and Manhunt: Unabomber.

Castle-Hughes and Bradley Hull, her partner from 2003 to 2010, have a daughter, Felicity-Amore Hull (born 25 April 2007). She was married to Jonathan Morrison from 2013 to 2016. She has bipolar disorder.

References

Other websites

 

1990 births
Living people
Child actors
Entertainers from North Island
New Zealand Māori people
New Zealand movie actors
New Zealand television actors
People from Auckland
People with bipolar disorder
Dana International, Hebrew: דנה אינטרנשיונל , stage name of Sharon Cohen, Hebrew: שרון כהן , (born as Yaron Cohen on February 2, 1972 in Tel Aviv) is an Israeli pop singer and transsexual.

Dana International won the  Eurovision Song Contest in 1998 with the song Diva.

References 
 Dana International Official Website 

1972 births
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest winners
Israeli LGBT people
Israeli pop singers
Jewish Israeli musicians
LGBT singers
People from Tel Aviv
Transgender and transsexual Jews
Israeli singers
Stephen Michael Gleason (born March 19, 1977) is a former American football player. He played mainly as a safety. He played for the Indianapolis Colts and the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL) between 2000 and 2007. He was best known for blocking a punt in 2006, which became a symbol of recovery for New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.

In 2019, Gleason was honored with the Congressional Gold Medal.

Gleason was born in Spokane, Washington. He is married to Michel Rae Varisco. They have two children. In 2011, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.

References

Other websites
 TeamGleason.org

Congressional Gold Medal recipients
1977 births
Living people
American football linebackers
American football safeties
Indianapolis Colts players
New Orleans Saints players
People from Spokane, Washington
Sportspeople from Washington
Francis Pollet (born at Roubaix, 5 May 1964) is a French General officer. From March 2017, he is the director-general of the Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées (French private aerospace university).

Pollet graduated from the École de l'Air in 1985. He started his career as fighter pilot and corporate pilot for Prime Minister Lionel Jospin and President Jacques Chirac. He worked in human resources and operational activities. In 2003, he joined higher education as head of École de l'Air at Salon-de-Provence. In March 2017, he became head of the Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées.

Awards 
 National Order of Merit
 Medal of Aeronautics
 Legion of Honour
 National Defence Medal
 Overseas Medal

Bibliography 
 Le futur de l'avion : Les prochains défis de l’industrie aéronautique, Ivry-sur-Seine, FYP Éditions, 2020, 160 p. (ISBN 978-2-36405-203-1)

References

Further reading
 Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique, Le Cherche midi, June 2005, 782 p. ()

1964 births
Living people
French aviators
French generals
Florac Trois Rivières is a French commune, a subprefecture of the Lozère department, in the Occitanie region. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Florac.

The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 when the former communes of Florac and La Salle-Prunet were combined to form the new commune.

Geography
Florac Trois Rivières is in the valley of the Tarnon river, a small river that flows through the Lozère department before joining the Tarn river. The commune is found at the start of the Gorges du Tarn (a canyon formed by the Tarn river).

The city and the Tarnon valley are within the Cévennes National Park but they are not part of the park.

The commune of Florac Trois Rivières has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The commune is surrounded by the communes Quézac, Bédouès-Cocurès, Pont de Montvert - Sud Mont Lozère, Cans et Cévennes, Vebron and Montbrun.

The climate in Florac Trois Rivières in the Köppen climate classification is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
, Florac Trois Rivières had 2,107 inhabitants for a density of  persons/km2.

The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Floracois (women: Floracoises).

Twinned and partner towns
Florac Trois Rivières is twinned with:
  L'Anse-Saint-Jean, Quebec, Canada
  Arbúcies, Catalonia, Spain

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Florac
 Communes of the Lozère department

References

Other websites

 Mairie de Florac Trois Rivières website 

2016 establishments in France
Subprefectures in France
Communes in Lozère
Executive Order 13769, also called Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States, is an executive order signed by United States President Donald Trump on January 27, 2017. It limits travel to the United States from some countries and by all refugees.

The order said that no more than 50,000 refugees could be be let into the United States. It stopped the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) for 120 days (about four months). After that 120 days, the program would start again for individual countries. The order also stopped the entry of refugees from Syria. The order tells some Cabinet secretaries to stop entry of nationals from countries that do not meet adjudication standards under the Immigration and Nationality Act. The United States Department of Homeland Security lists these countries as Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. 

The Department of Homeland Security later allowed green card holders and dual nationals of other countries to enter the United States. However, they had to have a passport or nationality of a non-listed country.

There were many lawsuits that tried to stop the order. One was State of Washington v. Trump, which resulted in a temporary restraining order (TRO). The TRO was issued on February 3, 2017. It stopped much of the executive order. The issue is about whether the order is legal and whether it is against the United States Constitution.

More than 100 travelers were held. They were held for hours without family or legal assistance. Up to 60,000 visas were taken away.

Protests against the order took place in airports and cities.

The order was criticized by Democratic and Republican members of U.S. Congress, Catholic bishops, business leaders and universities.

References

United States law
Immigration
2017 in the United States
Ricardo Domínguez (20 July 1985 – 22 February 2017), nicknamed Pelón, was a Mexican professional boxer. He fought in the light welterweight division. He was best known for having won the 2009 Campeón Azteca tournament at lightweight. After 50 bouts, he won 37 of them. He was born in Culiacán, Sinaloa.

Dominguez died from colon cancer on 22 February 2017, at the age of 31.

References

Other websites
 

1985 births
2017 deaths
Boxers
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Mexican sportspeople
People from Sinaloa
Crito is a dialogue written by the ancient Greek writer and philosopher Plato in 360 BC. Its only characters are Socrates and Crito. 

It centers around the moral consequences of helping Socrates escape from prison. Socrates argues against defying the law, even though Crito is willing to help him. Eventually Socrates convinces Crito that morally, Socrates must stay in prison and accept his execution. 
Plato, who had been a student of Socrates, wrote this dialogue among many others. Socrates is often a character of Plato's works, and the dialogue between Crito and Socrates is based on the death of Socrates. Socrates did in fact get executed by drinking hemlock.

References 

Ancient Greek philosophers
Classical Greek literature
The Fundamental Orders were passed by three towns in Connecticut in 1639.  The orders were the first constitution in the American colonies.

References

Connecticut
17th century in the Thirteen Colonies
Politics of the United States
1639
History of Connecticut
The Pontine Islands are a small archipelago along the Gulf of Gaeta, in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the west coast of Italy, at about  from the European continent.

The islands were named after the largest island in the group, Ponza.

Geography
The archipelago has an area of about  with a resident population of about 4,076 persons. During the summers, many people visit the islands. They islands, Ponza and Ventotene, can be reached by ferry or hydrofoil.

The highest point in the archipelago is Monte Guardia in the southern end of the Ponza island; it is  high.

Muncipalities 
The archipelago has six islands and several islets divided in two groups, part of two comuni of the Latina province:

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Italian National Tourist Board North America 
 Ponziane, ìsole- 

Archipelagos
Islands of Italy
On the Beach is a novel by Nevil Shute, a British author who emigrated to Australia. It was published in 1957. It tells about the world after atomic war. Last people live in Australia and wait for coming of the radioactive cloud. When they start being sick of the radiation, they commit suicide. 

A movie based on the book was made in 1959. Gregory Peck and Ava Gardner starred in it.

References

Other websites 
 James Schellenberg, Review of Nevil Shute's On the Beach.

Novels
1957 books
Frank Delaney (24 October 1942 – 22 February 2017) was an Irish novelist, journalist and broadcaster. He was the author of the New York Times best-seller Ireland, the non-fiction book Simple Courage: A True Story of Peril on the Sea, and many other works of fiction, non-fiction and collections. 

Delaney was born in Tipperary, Ireland.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Journalists
Irish novelists
Sir Cosmo Dugal Patrick Thomas Haskard KCMG MBE (25 November 1916 – 21 February 2017) was an Irish-born British colonial administrator and retired British Army officer. He was born in Dublin. He served as Governor of the Falkland Islands from 1964 through 1970.

He turned 100 in November 2016. Haskard died on 21 February 2017 in Bantry Bay, County Cork, Ireland, aged 100.

References

1916 births
2017 deaths
Irish politicians
British politicians
British centenarians
People from Dublin
Kendra Lust (born September 18, 1978 in Madison Heights, Michigan) is an American pornographic actress.

Early life 
Kendra was born to a French Canadian and an Italian. Kendra was broke in college so she stripped part time so she could afford school to become a nurse. She worked as a nurse for seven years. Kendra quit nursing after seven years so she could make more money and work less hours in the porn business.

Career 
During the final years of her career as a nurse, Kendra worked as a webcam model to being the change of career to porn. Kendra had sex on camera first in March 2012 with Phoenix Marie and Rachel Starr for the porn company Brazzers. Kendra did not have a typical entry into the porn industry as she had not done a scene with casting couch prior to getting a job at a big company like Brazzers.

Awards 
Kendra has been awarded "Hottest MILF" by AVN in 2016.

Marriage 
Kendra Lust is currently married to a cop and has one daughter. She lives in Michigan with her family.

References

Other websites 

 
 
 

1978 births
Living people
Actors from Michigan
American pornographic actors
American erotic dancers
, (Seitaro Suzuki; 鈴木 清太郎; Suzuki Seitarō; 24 May 1923  – 13 February 2017) was a Japanese movie director, actor, and screenwriter. He made 40 B-movies for the Nikkatsu Company between 1956 and 1967, working most prolifically in the yakuza genre.

He won critical acclaim and a Japanese Academy Award for his Taishō Trilogy, Zigeunerweisen (1980), Kagero-za (1981) and Yumeji (1991). His movies remained widely unknown outside Japan until a series of theatrical movies beginning in the mid-1980s, home video releases of key movies such as Branded to Kill and Tokyo Drifter became popular outside of Japan.

Suzuki died on 13 February 2017 at a Tokyo hospital from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 93.

References

Other websites
 Midnight Eye interview: Seijun Suzuki
 Seijun Suzuki: Authority in Minority  at Senses of Cinema
 Cinefiles – An archive containing essays, notes, reviews and book excerpts on Suzuki's films
 
 

1923 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from COPD
Japanese movie directors
Japanese screenwriters
Japanese movie actors
Ion William Croitoru (December 7, 1965 – February 21, 2017) was a Canadian professional wrestler. He was born and raised in Ontario, Canada.

Croitoru is better known by his ring names, Johnny K-9 and Bruiser Bedlam. He competed in several Canadian wrestling promotions, including Stampede Wrestling, and later wrestled for New Japan Pro Wrestling, Smoky Mountain Wrestling, and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). 

He wrestled as a jobber in the WWF, but he was booked to win titles in several other promotions.

Croitoru is also famous for his history of legal problems. He was a member of Satan's Choice, a biker gang, and has also been convicted of assault, trafficking cocaine and bombing a police station. 

In 2005, Croitoru was arrested for the murder of lawyer Lynn Gilbank and her husband Fred. After a lengthy investigation, the charges were dropped in June 2006 because of insufficient evidence. He worked as a security guard in Vancouver, British Columbia until being arrested in May 2009 for conspiracy to commit murder. 

On January 24, 2011, Croitoru was charged with first degree murder in connection with the 2008 execution of Jonathan Barber in Burnaby, British Columbia.

Croitoru died while under house arrest on February 21, 2017, at a federal halfway house in Toronto from a suspected heart attack, aged 51.

References

1965 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Wrestlers
People convicted of manslaughter
People convicted of assault
People convicted of drug offenses
Sportspeople from Toronto
Harold Ray Denton (February 24, 1936 – February 13, 2017) was an American civil servant. He served as the Director of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation at the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) from 1988 until his retirement in 1998. He is best known for his role as President Jimmy Carter's personal adviser for the Three Mile Island (TMI) accident.

Denton was born in Rocky Mountain, North Carolina. He died at his home in Knoxville, Tennessee from complications of Alzheimer's disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 80.

References

1936 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from COPD
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Civil servants
People from North Carolina
Pnina Rosenblum, Hebrew:  פנינה רוזנבלום (born December 30, 1954 in Petah Tikva) is a successful Israeli business woman and former politician.

When she was younger, she was a model and an actress (abroad known as Pnina Golan), playing in several movies.

In 1983 she tried to get nominated as Israel's candidate for the Eurovision Song Contest.

Six years later she went into business by starting a cosmetics company called Pnina Rosenblum Ltd.

In 1999 she tried to be chosen in the Knesset by forming Tnufa (an independent list meaning "momentum") with Avi Balashnikov. In December 2005 she became a Member of Knesset (MK) for Likud when several Likud politicians had switched to the recently formed Kadima. Her parliamentary career ended in March 2006 when she was not chosen in the elections.

Pnina Rosenblum married and divorced the same man twice. Later on she married another man.

She has German-Jewish and Iraqi-Jewish roots.

References 
 Bio at Knesset Website

Other websites 
 
 Pnina Rosenblum's Website

1954 births
Living people
Former Members of Knesset
Israeli television actors
Israeli businesspeople
Israeli models
Israeli movie actors
Israeli singers
Jewish actors
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish Israeli musicians
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish models
Jewish women politicians
Likud politicians
People from Petah Tikva
War Horse is a 2011  British-American war drama movie directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg and written by Lee Hall and Richard Curtis, adapted from English author Michael Morpurgo's 1982 novel of the same name.

References

2011 drama movies
2010s war movies
American drama movies
American war movies
American epic movies
Indian movies
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies set in France
Pig iron is iron with a high carbon content. Pig iron is made by smelting iron ore into ingot form, in a blast furnace. It’s called pig iron because when being cast, each ingot being cast looks like a Piglet suckling milk from a sow.

History
Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Chinese knew about pig iron, and were producing it as early as 1100BC.

Uses
Pig iron is refined into Wrought iron by melting it and blowing hot air through it. Pig iron can also be turned into gray iron.

Modern Uses
Originally, pig iron was poured out the bottom of the furnace and shipped to a steel mill for processing. Now, we turn the metal into pellets before shipping it.

Iron
Charles Reis Felix (April 29, 1923 – January 25, 2017) was an America writer and teacher. He was known as a contributor to Luso-American literature.

His work were mainly autobiography, historical narrative and fiction about the human experience. His first book, Crossing the Sauer, was an account of his three months as a combat infantryman from January through March 1945. Crossing the Sauer was called by Paul Fussell as "one of the most honest, unforgettable memoirs of the war I've read."

Books
Crossing the Sauer: A memoir of World War II (2002)
Through a Portagee Gate (2004)
Da Gama, Cary Grant, and the Election of 1934 (2005)
Tony: A New England Boyhood (2008)

References

Other websites
Official Website of Charles Reis Felix
Distinguished Americans & Canadians of Portuguese Descent 
Charles Reis Felix -- Bibliography

1923 births
2017 deaths
Educators from Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
Naděžda Kavalírová (13 November 1923 – 20 January 2017) was a Czechoslovakian-born Czech physician, human rights activist and former political prisoner. 

She became actively involved in the resistance to Czechoslovakia's Communist government. She later headed the Confederation of Political Prisoners (Konfederace politických vězňů České republiky) from 2003 until her death in January 2017.

Kavalírová died in Pardubice, Czech Republic, on 20 January 2017, at the age of 93.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
Physicians
Czech scientists
Czech writers
Human rights activists
Criminals
Anti-Communists
Arnold Meyer Spielberg (February 6, 1917 – August 25, 2020) was an American electrical engineer of Jewish descent.

He was known for his help "to real-time data acquisition and recording that significantly contributed to the definition of modern feedback and control processes". For General Electric he designed, with his colleague Charles Propster, the GE-225 in 1959. He said that his greatest contribution was to be the first computer-controlled "point of sale" cash register.

He was the father of movie director Steven Spielberg.

Spielberg died on August 25, 2020 at his home in Los Angeles, aged 103.

References

1917 births
2020 deaths
American centenarians
Engineers from Ohio
Jewish American scientists
Jewish centenarians
Scientists from Cincinnati, Ohio
Aleksei Vasilyevich Petrenko (; 26 March 1938 – 22 February 2017) was a Soviet movie and stage actor. He was known for playing Grigori Rasputin in the Elem Klimov's historical drama Agony and Joseph Stalin in the BBC Two documentary World War II: Behind Closed Doors.

References

Other websites

1938 births
2017 deaths
Russian movie actors
Russian stage actors
Russian voice actors
Eni Fa'aua'a Hunkin Faleomavaega, Jr. (; August 15, 1943 – February 22, 2017) was an American Samoan politician. He served as the territory's lieutenant governor and congressional delegate. He served as a U.S. House Representative from American Samoa's At-large congressional district from 1989 through 2015.

Faleomavaega died at his home in Provo, Utah on February 22, 2017, aged 73.

References

1943 births
2017 deaths
Lieutenant Governors of American Samoa
United States representatives
US Democratic Party politicians
Bradley Earl Ayers (March 7, 1935 – February 10, 2017) was an American soldier, CIA operative, writer and political activist. He was known for saying that the CIA played a role in the Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. Ayers was one of the first career officers to voice opposition to the Vietnam War and to speak out publicly against it. He was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. 

Ayers died in Somers Lake, Wisconsin on February 10, 2017, aged 81.

References

1935 births
2017 deaths
American military people
American political writers
American political activists
Writers from Minnesota
John Ronald "Johnny" McCormack (August 2, 1925 – February 22, 2017) was a Canadian ice hockey centre. He was born in Edmonton, Alberta. McCormack began his National Hockey League career with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1947. He also played for the Montreal Canadiens and Chicago Black Hawks.  He retired from the NHL in 1955 season.

McCormack won two Stanley Cups in his career, one in 1951 with Toronto and another in 1953 with Montreal. He also won the 1945 Memorial Cup with the St. Michael's Majors and the Allan Cup in 1950 with the Toronto Marlboroughs.

McCormack died on February 22, 2017 at his home in Oshawa, Ontario, aged 91.

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
Montreal Canadiens players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Sportspeople from Edmonton
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Memorial Cup winners
Ice hockey centres
Likud, Hebrew: הליכוד - HaLikud, meaning The Consolidation, (official name: HaLikud-National Liberal Movement), commonly called Likud, is an Israeli political party.

Its ideology is right-wing conservative liberal, nationalist, and Zionist.

Political leader is Benjamin Netanyahu (Prime Minister 1996–1999; 2009–2021).

Likud was founded in 1973 as a a result of an alliance (and later on a merger in 1988) of six liberal and nationalist parties, like Gahal, Herut and the Liberal Party.

Founders were Menachem Begin and Yitzhak Shamir.

Number of seats in the 24th Knesset: 29 (-7).

Participating in the Fourth Netanyahu Government and the Netanyahu-Gantz Government.

References

Other websites 
 

1973 establishments
1970s establishments in Israel
Political parties in Israel
Zionist parties
Liberal parties
The Limpopo River is a river in Africa. It goes through the countries of South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique and forms part of the border of South Africa. It empties into the Indian Ocean.

Rivers of Africa
Geography of South Africa
Geography of Botswana
Geography of Zimbabwe
Geography of Mozambique
Cherry picking is when someone picks the case which supports his opinion.

For example, suppose twenty studies have been done on a new medicine and 19 say it works, but one says it does not work. To "cherry pick" is to use the one failed study  to "prove" that the medicine is useless. It is a type of confirmation bias, where a person sees evidence for what they want or expect to see, and ignores evidence which goes against their belief.

The term cherry picking comes from when people harvest cherries from a tree - the cherry picker only takes the reddest, ripest fruits. If someone looked at all the fruit the person had picked, they might think that all the cherries were red, until they went to the tree and saw lots of pale, unripe cherries still on it.

Cherry picking as a term is quite negative, as it implies that the person doing the cherry picking is trying to deceive the audience, or simply does not care about the facts.

When applied to subjects like medicine and science, cherry picking is considered "bad science". or a sign of pseudoscience.

Cherry picking can take several forms. The most obvious case of cherry picking is where only evidence that supports a given argument is used, and other evidence which does not support it or goes against it is ignored or covered up. Other examples can include giving a lot of emphasis to evidence which supports the idea but barely any to other evidence, and taking a quote out of context so that it seems to have a different meaning than it originally did.

Pseudoscience is when untrue claims are made to appear as though they have a scientific basis, even though they do not. Many pseudoscientists cherry pick real scientific evidence to support their claims. It is quite common in science for some studies to contradict others, for example in cases where different methods are used to measure an outcome, or where human error or chance may lead to unusual results. This means that there is often a study someone can use to support their claim, and they can cherry pick that one study even if many more contradict it.

References

Logical fallacies
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault () is a seed bank (a place where seeds are kept) in Norway. It is on the island of Spitsbergen, near Longyearbyen, in the Arctic Svalbard archipelago. It is about  from the North Pole. Conservationist Cary Fowler worked with the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), to start the vault.

The vault is there to save many different kinds of plant seeds. The seeds at the vault are copies of seeds from other places around the world. Copies of seeds are kept in case the seeds in other places are lost. Three organizations decided how to manage the vault. Those organizations were the Norwegian government, the Global Crop Diversity Trust (GCDT) and the Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen).

The Norwegian government paid for building the vault. It cost about 45 million Norwegian kroner () to build. Storing seeds in the vault is free. Norway and GCDT pay to operate the vault. GCDT gets money from organisations such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and from different governments worldwide.

References

Other websites

Conservation
Buildings and structures in Norway
John Hack (November 26, 1842 – March 29, 1933) was a decorated hero of the Union Army in the American Civil War. He was born in Hessen, Germany and lived in Adrian, Michigan.

Medal
According to the Military Times Hall of Valor, "on 3 May 1863, while serving with Company B, 47th Ohio Infantry, in action at Vicksburg, Mississippi. Private Hack was one of a party which volunteered and attempted to run the enemy's batteries with a steam tug and two barges loaded with subsistence stores." Hack and nine others in Company B did this while Confederate States Army batteries were shooting at them "under cover of darkness" Hack was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor "for extreme bravery under fire" on January 3, 1907.

Bibliography

References

United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
German people
People from Missouri
1842 births
1933 deaths