cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Polenta () is a dish of boiled cornmeal. It may be served as a hot porridge, or it may be allowed to cool and solidify into a loaf that can be baked, fried, or grilled. It is a dish popular in Italian, Savoy, Swiss, Austrian, Croatian, Slovenian, Serbian, Romanian, Bulgarian, Corsican, Argentine, Brazilian, and Mexican cuisine, and it is a traditional staple food throughout much of northern Italy.

References 

Grains
Argentine food
Austrian food
Brazilian food
Bulgarian culture
Croatian culture
French food
Italian food
Mexican food
Romanian food
Serbian culture
Slovenian culture
Swiss food
Venezuelan food
"Shallow" is a song by American entertainer Lady Gaga and American actor Bradley Cooper from the soundtrack of the fourth version of A Star Is Born (2018).  It was released as the lead single from the soundtrack on September 27, 2018.  The song was written by Gaga, Mark Ronson, Anthony Rossomando, and Andrew Wyatt, while Gaga and Benjamin Rice handled production.

The song has reached number one in several countries, including the US, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Austria, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Portugal, and Ireland, and the top ten in Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, and Norway.

The song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 2019, marking Gaga's first Oscar win. It reached number one in its 22nd week on the Billboard Hot 100, replacing "7 rings" by Ariana Grande. "Shallow" became Gaga's fourth US number-one hit and Cooper's first.  The last song by Gaga to reach the top was "Born This Way" in 2011.

It was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for sales and streams of two million copies in the US.

Charts

Weekly charts

Monthly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

All-time charts

References 

2018 songs
Lady Gaga songs
Holger Mathew Pihl, Jr. (September 23, 1928 – October 3, 2018) was an American Republican politician and judge. He was the Circuit Court Judge of Washington County, Oregon until 1995, and then a Senior Judge until his retirement in 2005. He was appointed to the court by Oregon Governor Tom McCall in 1976.

Pihl was born in Portland, Oregon. He studied at the University of Oregon and at Northwestern University. Pihl died on October 3, 2018 in Manning, Oregon at the age of 90.

References

1928 births
2018 deaths
American judges
Lawyers from Portland, Oregon
Politicians from Portland, Oregon
US Republican Party politicians
Rudolf Gelbard (4 December 1930 – 24 October 2018) was an Austrian Holocaust survivor and political campaigner against. He fought against anti-Semitism and neo-Nazism. He taught in schools and universities about his experiences during the Holocaust. From 1954-1963, Gelbard worked for the Ministry of Social Affairs. He later worked as a merchant, before becoming editor of the Kurier in 1975.

Gelbard died in Vienna on 24 October 2018 at the age of 87.

References

1930 births
2018 deaths
Holocaust survivors
Political activists
Austrian businesspeople
People from Vienna
Lindon Oscar Crow (April 4, 1933 – October 25, 2018) was an American football cornerback.

Biography 
He played professionally in the National Football League. He was named to three Pro Bowls. He was born in Denison, Texas. Crow played for the New York Giants and the Los Angeles Rams.

Crow died on October 25, 2018 in Exeter, California from complications of a stroke at the age of 85.

References

1933 births
2018 deaths
American football cornerbacks
Deaths from cerebrovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease deaths in California
Los Angeles Rams players
New York Giants players
People from Denison, Texas
Sportspeople from Texas
Exeter is a city in Tulare County, California, United States. It is in the San Joaquin Valley near the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains. The population was 10,334 at the 2010 census.

References

Cities in California
Settlements in Tulare County, California
Oak Grove is the parish seat of West Carroll Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. The population was 2,174 at the 2000 census, but it declined by 447, or 20.5 percent, to 1,727 in 2010.

References

Towns in Louisiana
Parish seats in Louisiana
Fr. Thomas Keating, O.C.S.O. (7 March 1923 – 25 October 2018) was an American Trappist monk and priest. He was born in New York City. Keating was known as one of the architects of Centering Prayer. He was a founder of the Centering Prayer movement and of Contemplative Outreach. 

Keating died on 25 October 2018 in Spencer, Massachusetts from respiratory failure at the age of 95.

References

Other websites

Contemplative Outreach
Summary of Invitation to Love
ONE: The Movie  Participation in ONE: The Movie
Thomas Keatings' books

1923 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Massachusetts
Monks
Roman Catholic priests
Writers from New York City
Michael J. O'Connor (December 15, 1928 – October 24, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives and South Dakota State Senate. He was President Pro Tempore of the Senate from 1975 to 1976. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

O'Connor died in Sioux Falls from skin cancer on October 24, 2018 at the age of 89.

References

1928 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from skin cancer
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from South Dakota
People from Sioux Falls, South Dakota
US Democratic Party politicians
Ana González González, more commonly known by her married name Ana González de Recabarren (25 July 1925 – 26 October 2018), was a Chilean human rights activist. She was born in Tocopilla, Chile.

González joined the Association of Relatives of the Disappeared Detainees (AFDD) and became one of its primary leaders alongside Sola Sierra, Viviana Díaz, and Clotario Blest. She participated in a hunger strike at the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean headquarters in Santiago.

In 1996, she was the focus of the Televisión Nacional de Chile-broadcast documentary Quiero llorar a mares and in 2001 won the Premios Ondas for Ibero-America for the Best Program or Professional or Television Station.

In June 2000, she sued former dictator Augusto Pinochet for the disappearance of her family 26 years prior.

González died from a lung infection in Santiago on 26 October 2018 at the age of 93.

References

2018 deaths
1925 births
Deaths from respiratory tract infection
Human rights activists
People from Santiago
Nikolai Petrovich Karachentsov (, 27 October 1944 – 26 October 2018) was a Soviet and Russian actor. He was born in Moscow. He was known for his roles in Juno and Avos, The Dog in the Manger, and in A Man from the Boulevard des Capucines. In 1989, he was awarded the People's Artist of the RSFSR.

In 2005, Karachentsov was involved in a serious car accident that left him in a coma for a month.

In 2017 Karachentsov was diagnosed with lung cancer and underwent unsuccessful treatment in Israel. 

Karachentsov died of kidney failure in Moscow one day before his 74th birthday.

References

Other websites
 

1944 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Soviet actors
Russian movie actors
Russian television actors
Russian stage actors
People with cancer
Actors from Moscow
György Károly (Károly György, 31 August 1953 – 26 October 2018) was a Hungarian poet and writer. He was born in Budapest. He published his first poems in the Élet és Irodalom (“Life and Literature”). He was poetic silent in the 1980s. In the nineties Károly began writing again. His best known novels were Folyamatos május and Dunakanyaró.

Károly died on 26 October 2018 in Szigetszentmiklós, Hungary from brain cancer, aged 65.

References

Other websites
 Official website of György Károly
 Terebess Online

1953 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Hungarian novelists
Hungarian poets
People from Budapest
Chappaqua (, ) is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of New Castle, in northern Westchester County, New York. It is on  of land on the east bank of the Hudson River. It is about  north of New York City. 

Bill and Hillary Clinton live here. Since the 2010 census, 1,436 people live here.

References

Hamlets in New York
Census-designated places in New York (state)
Burlingame () is a city in San Mateo County, California. It is located near San Francisco on the San Francisco Peninsula and has a significant shoreline on San Francisco Bay. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Burlingame had a population of 28,806.

References 

Cities in California
Settlements in San Mateo County, California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Diabase (also known as dolerite or microgabbro) is an igneous rock that is often blue in colour. It is rich in magnesium and iron, and  originally found under the crust of volcanoes. Dikes and sills in igneous rock are often made of diabase.

References 

Igneous rocks
On October 27, 2018, a mass shooting occurred at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Authorities reported several fatalities along with several other wounded people (including three police officers). One suspect was taken into custody.

It was reported that three people were killed on the ground level, four in the synagogue's basement and at least one other person died in the building. 

The local TV station KDKA-TV initially reported that the suspect, described as a white male with a beard, entered the synagogue and shouted "All Jews must die" before opening fire.

References

2018 mass shootings
2018 murders in the United States
2010s in Pennsylvania
2010s mass shootings in the United States
October 2018 events
Mass murder in 2018
Mass murder in the United States
Murders by firearm in the United States
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
On August 26, 2018, a fire broke out in Chicago's Mexican-American Little Village neighborhood. The fire killed 10 children, including six under the age of 12. Investigators stated that the fire started in the back of the building in a ground-floor apartment, which was vacant. 

The fire is the deadliest residential fire to have occurred in Chicago since 1958. In the aftermath of the fire, multiple violations were found in the apartment. Apartment owner, Merced Gutierrez, appearing in court for the 40 violations found at the site of the fire.

References

2018 in Illinois
2010s disasters in the United States
2010s fires
2010s in Chicago
August 2018 events
Building and structure fires in the United States
was a Japanese engineer and inventor. He was known for his electronic inventions beginning in the 1950s, including the PIN diode, static induction transistor, and static induction thyristor. He was a professor at Sophia University. Many called him the "Father of Japanese Microelectronics".

Nishizawa died on October 21, 2018 in Sendai, Japan at the age of 92.

References

Other websites
Jun-ichi Nishizawa – Biographical article on IEEE Global History Network.

1926 births
2018 deaths
Japanese physicists
Japanese engineers
Japanese inventors
Erin Heather Bubley (born March 4, 1989) is an American model and actress. She is best known for her work for lingerie retailer Victoria's Secret. Heatherton was born in Skokie, Illinois. At the age of 17, Heatherton moved to New York City and signed with the Marilyn Agency.

As of December 2013 Heatherton is ranked No. 15 on Models.com top 25 sexiest models list. In 2013 it was announced that Heatherton had signed with IMG.

References

Other websites

1989 births
Living people
American movie actors
Actors from Illinois
Models from Illinois
People from Skokie, Illinois
The Australian men's para ice hockey team (also known as Aussie Ice Roos) is the ice sledge hockey team representing Australia.  The team will make it's debut at the 2018 World Para Ice Hockey Championships in Pool C in Finland.

Roster

2018 World Championships Roster
Team Members - Darren Belling (QLD), Joe Chivers (Tas), Geoff Cook (QLD), Marty Jackson (Vic), Tao Joos (NSW), Tomas Klein (Vic), Jarred Liddicoat (QLD), Ziggy Markovic (Vic), Xavier Player (Vic), Jason Sauer (QLD), Bill Siegloff (Vic) - Management - Andrew McDowell (Chef de Mission), Emma Poynton (General Manager), Gary Farmer (Head Coach), Ben Stadtmiller (Assistant Coach)

Related pages
Australia men's national ice hockey team

References

National ice sledge hockey teams
Sport in Australia
The Statue of Unity is a tribute to the Indian leader Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, unveiled on 31 October 2018. This statue is a patriotic symbol of the legacy of a man who spent his life in the struggle for freedom. As a mark of respect, statue is located at his birthplace in Gujarat. The statue is designed by Ram V. Sutar. The total amount for the project is US $430 million. The statue stands 182 metres high, making it one of the tallest monuments in the world, second to the St. Louis Arch. 

The Statue of Unity is at Sadhu Bet Island. A 12 km square lake will create the atmosphere of equality and diversity. A special trust called as “Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta Trust” has been created for to manage the place. The statue is made with steel frame and reinforced concrete. For durability, the statue has been given bronze plating.  The statue has a 153 m high viewing deck able to hold 200 visitors. It has a panoramic view of the Sardar Sarovar Dam. 

It has been designed to withstand winds of velocity of 60 metres/second, and is also claimed to be earthquake resistant.  A total of 22,500 tons of cement forms the core structure of this monument. The iron used in the construction was collected from old farm equipment throughout India. A team of 700 Indian workers worked on the smelting and casting.

References

India
Statues
October 2018 events
The All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC, TMC or Trinamool Congress) is an Indian political party based in West Bengal.

References

Political parties in India
West Bengal
Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,399. Its county seat is Elk Point. Originally named Cole County, the named was changed to Union because of Civil War sentiment. It was founded on April 10, 1862.

Union County is part of the Sioux City, IA–NE–SD Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Progressive Farmer rated Union County second in the 2006 "Best Place to Live" in the U.S., because "its schools are good, its towns neat and its people friendly."

References 

1862 establishments in Dakota Territory
South Dakota counties
Miner County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 2,389 people lived there. Its county seat is Howard. It was created in 1873.

1873 establishments in Dakota Territory
South Dakota counties
Perkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 2,982 people lived there. Its county seat is Bison. It was created in 1909.

1909 establishments in South Dakota
South Dakota counties
Bell Canada (commonly referred to as just Bell) is a Canadian telecommunications company. Its headquarters is in Montreal, Quebec. It is the local exchange carrier for telephone and DSL internet in most of Canada east of Saskatchewan. It also serves Canada's northern territories.

Its related company, Bell Aliant, provides services in Atlantic Canada. It provides mobile service through its Bell Mobility division. It also provides television through its Bell TV and Bell Fibe TV operations.

Bell Canada was established on April 29, 1880.

Bell Canada was originally known as The Bell Telephone Company of Canada. But in March 1968, the name was shortened to «Bell Canada».

The company also owns Bell Media. Bell Media has mass media properties, including the CTV Television Network. It also has significant interests in the Montreal Canadiens ice hockey club and Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment.

Bell Canada is one of the main assets of the holding company BCE Inc. (Bell Canada Enterprises). BCE ranked at № 262 on the 2011 edition of the Forbes Global 2000 list.

References

Telecommunications
Technology companies of Canada
Lavori Publici FC (or "Lavori Pubblici FC" in Italian language) was an historical football team in Mogadishu, that officially existed from 1947 to 1990.

History

The football team was created in the late 1940s by a group of football fans representing all the Italian colonists of all Italian Somalia with the name Genio Officina, as an antagonist to the AC Mogadiscio (the team of the Italians of only the capital Mogadishu) in the first amauteur championship of Somalia. The team was officially inscribed in the Somalia first league championship in 1952 as Lavori Publici FC/Genio, winning the tournament of that year.

The team had a lot of followers who were native Somalis and so survived until 1990 when the Somali civil war started, while the antagonist AC Mogadiscio disappeared when Italy gave the independence to Somalia in 1960 (and nearly all the Italians of Somalia left the country).

Related pages
 AC Mogadiscio

Notes

Bibliography
 Tripodi, Paolo. The Colonial Legacy in Somalia. Capítulo: Deportes. St. Martin's P Inc. New York, 1999.

Somalia
Damien Steven Hirst (born 7 June 1965) is an English artist. He is one of the Young British Artists (YBAs). The YBAs became famous during the 1990s. He is reportedly the United Kingdom's richest living artist. In 2010 the Sunday Times estimated his wealth at £215 million. During the 1990s he worked together with famous art collector Charles Saatchi. Hirst and Saatchi had disagreements, and they ended their friendship in 2003.

Death is a central theme in Hirst's works. He became famous for a series of artworks in which dead animals are preserved in formaldehyde. The animals included a sheep, a cow and a shark. The best-known of these was The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living. This was a tiger shark immersed in formaldehyde in a transparent display case. He has also made "spin paintings". These were created on a rotating canvas. And "spot paintings", which are rows of randomly coloured circles created by his assistants.

In September 2008, Hirst sold all the artworks of a show during one auction at Sotheby's. This had never been done before by a living artist. The auction made him £111 million ($198 million), breaking the record for an auction by a single artist. It also broke Hirst's own record with £10.3 million for The Golden Calf, an animal with 18-carat gold horns and hooves, preserved in formaldehyde.

Since 1999 some of Hirst's works have been claimed to be plagiarised. It was discovered that his sculpture Hymn was closely based on a child's toy. Hirst was sued by the original creator of the toy, and the case was settled out-of-court.

References 

1965 births
Living people
People from Bristol
People from Leeds
English artists
English painters
On 27 October 2018, an AgustaWestland AW169 helicopter crashed shortly after take-off from the King Power Stadium, the home ground of Leicester City in Leicester, United Kingdom. 

Club owner Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha was on board, as well as two other passengers and two pilots. The Air Accidents Investigation Branch is currently leading an investigation into the accident. It was confirmed all 5 occupants died.

References

2018 aviation disasters
2018 in Europe
Aviation disasters in Europe
Leicester
October 2018 events
2010s in England
Edgar Starr Harris Jr. (May 14, 1925 – October 13, 2018) was an American Air Force lieutenant general. He was born in Danville, Virginia. His last assignment was commander of Eighth Air Force, Strategic Air Command, with headquarters at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. 

During his over 30 years in the United States Air Force, Harris was also Chief of Staff and Vice Commander in Chief of the Strategic Air Command, where he spent most of his time during his service.

Harris Jr. died on October 13, 2018 in Fort Worth, Texas at the age of 93.

References

1925 births
2018 deaths
American generals
People from Virginia
Saint Cecilia () is the patroness of musicians. At her wedding she "sang in her heart to the Lord". Her feast day is celebrated in the Latin Catholic, Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches and in the Anglican Communion on November 22.  She is one of seven women, excluding the Blessed Virgin, commemorated by name in the Canon of the Mass.

While the details of her story appear to be fictional, her existence and martyrdom are considered a historical fact. She is said to have been beheaded with a sword. An early Roman Christian church, Santa Cecilia, was founded in the fourth century in the Trastevere section of Rome, reputedly on the site of the house in which she lived. A number of musical compositions are dedicated to her, and her feast day has become the occasion for concerts and musical festivals.

References

170s deaths
180s deaths
People executed by decapitation
Italian musicians
Saints
Thuzana (; ), also known as the Myainggyi-ngu Sayadaw (; 1947 – 18 October 2018) was a Karen Theravada Buddhist monk. He worked in Myaing Gyi Ngu, Kayin State, Myanmar. He was the leader of the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA), an ethnic insurgent group, until its dissolution in 2010. He was born in Kayin State.

Thuzana was responsible for a 1992 campaign of constructing pagodas in Kayin State and held the title Myaing Gyi Ngu Sayadaw.

Thuzana died on 18 October 2018 at the age of 71 at the Bumrungrad International Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

References

1947 births
2018 deaths
Monks
Thai people
Political activists
Cornelius "Sonny" Fortune (May 19, 1939 – October 25, 2018) was an American jazz saxophonist and clarinetist. Fortune played soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones, clarinet, and flute. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Fortune can be heard on the albums Big Fun, Get Up With It, Agharta and Pangaea, the last two recorded live in Japan.

Fortune died at the age of 79 in New York City on October 25, 2018 from a stroke.

References

Other websites
 

1939 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
American jazz musicians
American saxophonists
American clarinetists
Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Friday the 13th is a 1980 American slasher movie produced and directed by Sean S. Cunningham, and written by Victor Miller. 

It stars Betsy Palmer, Adrienne King, Harry Crosby, Laurie Bartram, Kevin Bacon, Jeannine Taylor, Mark Nelson, and Robbi Morgan. The movie tells the story of a group of teenagers who are murdered one by one by an unknown killer while attempting to re-open an abandoned summer camp.

Released in May 1980, Friday the 13th was a major box office success, grossing over $39.7 million in the United States alone. This was the first movie in the a long series of sequels with the creation of serial killer Jason Voorhees.

Other websites
 

1980 horror movies
Friday the 13th movies
American independent movies
Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that is made up of twelve slasher movies, a television show, novels, comic books, video games, and tie‑in merchandise. 

The franchise mainly focuses on the fictional character Jason Voorhees, who drowned as a boy at Camp Crystal Lake.

The original movie, created to cash in on the success of Halloween (1978), was written by Victor Miller and was produced and directed by Sean S. Cunningham. The films have grossed over $464 million at the box-office worldwide.

Movies
 Friday the 13th (1980)
 Friday the 13th Part 2 (1981)
 Friday the 13th Part III (1982)
 Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter (1984)
 Friday the 13th: A New Beginning (1985)
 Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives (1986)
 Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood (1988)
 Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan (1989)
 Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday (1993)
 Jason X (2002)
 Freddy vs. Jason (2003)
 Friday the 13th (2009)

Video games
 Friday the 13th: The Game (2017)

Future
In October 2018, it was announced that LeBron James, through his production company Springhill Entertainment alongside Vertigo Entertainment, is in talks to co-produce the next movie in a possible reboot of the franchise.

References
Jason X is a 2001 American science fiction slasher movie produced and directed by James Isaac. It is the tenth installment in the Friday the 13th movie series. It stars Kane Hodder in his fourth and final movie appearance as the undead mass murderer Jason Voorhees being in space.

It received strong negative reviews with a 19% on Rotten Tomatoes. Roger Ebert gave the movie 0.5 stars out of 4, quoting one of the movie's lines: "This sucks on so many levels."

Notes

References

2001 movies
American science fiction movies
Friday the 13th movies
Post-apocalyptic movies
Child's Play 3 is a 1991 American slasher comedy movie and the third installment in the Child's Play movie series. The movie is written by Don Mancini, and directed by Jack Bender, with Brad Dourif returning as the voice of Chucky. 

Although released only nine months later, the story takes place eight years following the events of 1990's Child's Play 2.

References

1991 horror movies
Child's Play movies
Universal Pictures movies
Carthage is a village located in the town of Wilna in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 3,747 at the 2010 census. The village is named after the historic city of Carthage in Tunisia.

References

Villages in New York
Wilna is a town in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 6,427 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York
Loachapoka is a town in Lee County, Alabama, United States. It is located less than 1/2 mile west of the City of Auburn. The population was 180 as of the 2010 census. 

The name "Loachapoka" means "turtle killing place" in Muskogee, with locha meaning "turtle" and poga meaning "killing place."

References

Towns in Alabama
Thank you is a common phrase used to show you are thankful of someone. It is a very old phrase, coming from as early as the 1400s. "Thank you" is often replied with "you're welcome". 

People often say "please" to request something to you. If they are satisfied, they will say "thank you" back to you.

Etymology
The phrase "thank you" derives from the word "think".

References

Phrases
Richard James Gill (4 November 1941 – 28 October 2018) was an Australian conductor of choral, orchestral and operatic works. He was known as a music educator and for his activism for music education of children. He was born in Sydney. He was awarded Order of Australia Medal in 1994.

In 1969, he was the founding conductor of the Strathfield Symphony Orchestra in Sydney. He continued as conductor in 1973–74 and returned in 1979 to conduct the orchestra's 10th anniversary concert.

In 2014, he was made musical director of the Sydney Chamber Choir. He composed the music for Brisbane Girls Grammar School school song, "Nil sine labore".

Gill died in Sydney on 28 October 2018 from colorectal and peritoneal cancer at the age of 76.

References

1941 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Deaths from peritoneal cancer
Cancer deaths in Sydney
Conductors
Australian activists
Writers from Sydney
Konstantīns Konstantinovs (, June 6, 1978 – October 28, 2018) was a Latvian-Russian powerlifter. His raw deadlift of , set in 2009, was formerly the raw deadlift world record. It is still the world record for the biggest raw deadlift without a belt in an official competition. He was born in Liepāja, Latvian SSR, Soviet Union.

Konstantinovs won the 2002 WPC Junior World Powerlifting Championships and the 2003 GPC World Powerlifting Championships both in the  weight class.

Konstantinovs died on October 28, 2018 at the age of 40.

References

1978 births
2018 deaths
Latvian sportspeople
Russian sportspeople
Bodybuilders
Colin Sylvia (8 November 1985 – 28 October 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for the Melbourne Football Club and Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Sylvia was born in Mildura, Victoria.

Sylvia was killed in a car crash near Mildura on 28 October 2018 at the age of 32.

References

1985 births
2018 deaths
Road accident deaths
Australian footballers
Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)
Jodhpur is a city in Rajasthan, India. It is the second largest city by area in Rajasthan.

Cities in India
Settlements in Rajasthan
Hari (born 26 December 1968) is an Indian movie director, best known for his action-masala in Tamil cinema. He made his directional debut in the movie Thamizh (2002).After this breakthrough, he gave many commercial success movies such as Saamy (2003), Kovil (2004), Ayya (2005), Thaamirabharani (2007), Vel (2007) and Singam (2010) movie. He has directed 15 movies.

Background
Hari was born in the Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu, India. His father, Gopal, is a vessels merchant. Later, his family moved to Chennai, where Hari graduated with a degree in Commerce.

Career
Hari first joined as an assistant, gaining experience by working with various directors; K. Natraj in  Valli, Nassar in Avatharam and Alex Pandian. Later, he assisted K. Balachander in his film Kalki and worked as an associate director with Saran in the films Amarkalam, Parthen Rasithen and Alli Arjuna.

His first film, in 2002, was Thamizh, with Prashanth and Simran. Film critic Balaji commented that it was "one of the few movies in recent times where a lot of importance seems to have been attached to the script. In spite of the flimsy story and routine screenplay where a youth grows to be a "dada", the dialogs elevate the quality of the movie and make it very enjoyable". His second film Saamy, under the Kavithaalaya banner, starred Vikram. It was named the year's biggest hit, grossing 160 million. Its success led to remakes; in Telugu (Lakshmi Narasimha), Kannada (Ayya) and Hindi languages (Policegiri). His next two films Kovil, with Silambarasan and Arul also starred Vikram. In 2005, he made Ayya, starring Sarathkumar, which introduced Nayantara to Tamil cinema. His next film was Aaru, with Suriya in 2005. In 2007, he directed two films, Thaamirabharani with Vishal and Vel, with Suriya. In 2008, he directed Seval, with Bharath. Ayyappa Prasad from Nowrunning.com stated that Hari "panders to the taste of his rural audience all the way, but the movie is bound to disappoint city-dwellers, since neither the story nor its treatment appeal to anyone with high IQ .

In 2010 Hari directed his tenth film Singam, with Suriya, marking their third collaboration. although reviewers identified it as a standard masala entertainer.

Filmography

Lyricist

 2004  Kovil
 2005 Aaru
 2007 Thaamirabharani
 2007 Vel
 2008 Seval
 2010 Singam
 2011 Venghai
 2017 Singam III
 2018 Saamy 2

References

Other websites
 

Tamil directors
Indian movie directors
People from Tamil Nadu
1968 births
Living people
Minooka, a suburb of Chicago, is a village in Grundy, Kendall, and Will counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 10,924 at the 2010 census.

References

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago, Illinois
Zimmer's conjecture is a statement in mathematics "which has to do with the circumstances under which geometric spaces exhibit certain kinds of symmetries."  It was named after the mathematician Robert Jeffrey Zimmer.  The conjecture states that there can exist symmetries  (specifically higher-rank lattices) in a higher dimension that cannot exist in lower dimensions.

In 2017, the conjecture was proven by Aaron Brown and Sebastian Hurtado-Salazar of the University of Chicago and David Fisher of Indiana University.

References 

Conjectures
Lion Airlines Flight 610 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by Lion Air from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Jakarta to Depati Amir Airport in Pangkal Pinang. It crashed shortly after takeoff on 29 October 2018. Wreckage from the aircraft was found offshore from the island of Java.

According to The Straits Times, 181 passengers, including 178 adults and three children, were on board the aircraft, as well as six cabin crew and two pilots.

References

2018 aviation disasters
2018 in Indonesia
Aviation disasters in Asia
October 2018 events
A Nightmare on Elm Street is an American horror franchise that is made up of nine slasher movies, a television series, novels, and comic books.

The franchise began with the movie A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) created by Wes Craven. The series revolves around the fictional character Freddy Krueger, a former child killer who after being burned alive by the vengeful parents of his victims, returns from the grave to terrorize and kill the teenage residents of Springwood, Ohio in their dreams.

The original movie was written and directed by Craven, who returned to co-script the second sequel, A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987), and to write and direct New Nightmare (1994). The movies together made over $457 million at the box-office worldwide.

The movie were distributed by New Line Cinema.  A remake of the 1984 movie was released in 2010, and a second remake is currently being planned.

Freddy Krueger was played by Robert Englund from 1984 to 2003. The character was soon played by Jackie Earle Haley in the 2010 remake. Another well-known character from the franchise is Nancy Thompson, who was the first character to fight against Freddy and live. She is played by Heather Langenkamp in the 1980s and by Rooney Mara in the 2010 remake.

Movies
 A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984)
 A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge (1985)
 A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987)
 A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master (1988)
 A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child (1989)
 Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991)
 Wes Craven's New Nightmare (1994)
 Freddy vs. Jason (2003)
 A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010)

References
A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge is a 1985 American slasher movie directed by Jack Sholder.

It is the second installment in the A Nightmare on Elm Street movie series. The screenplay was written by David Chaskin.

It stars Mark Patton, Kim Myers, Robert Rusler and Robert Englund as Freddy Krueger.

The movie is about Jesse Walsh, a teenager who, after moving into the home of Nancy Thompson, begins to have recurring nightmares of Freddy Krueger who is out to possess him in order to kill in the real world.

It is the sequel to A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) and is followed by A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987). The movie made $30 million at the North American box office.

References

Freddy's Revenge
1985 horror movies
American independent movies
A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors is a 1987 American slasher movie directed by Chuck Russell. It is the third installment in the Nightmare on Elm Street series.

The movie was written by original creator Wes Craven and stars Heather Langenkamp, Patricia Arquette, Larry Fishburne, Priscilla Pointer, Craig Wasson, and Robert Englund.

The plot focuses on Freddy Krueger seeking to murder the last children of the parents that burned him to death. The kids are imprisoned at a mental hospital. The movie was followed by another sequel, A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master, a year later.

References

Dream

1987 horror movies
New Line Cinema movies
Movies directed by Chuck Russell
A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master is a 1988 American slasher movie and the fourth movie in the Nightmare on Elm Street series.

The movie was directed by Renny Harlin and stars Robert Englund, Lisa Wilcox and Danny Hassel.

The movie is about the events after Nancy Thompson's death, Freddy Krueger begins to reappear in the dreams of Kristen Parker, Joey Crusel, and Roland Kincaid and uses Kristen's best friend, Alice Johnson, to gain access to new victims.

The movie is a sequel to A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987) and is followed by A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child (1989).

The movie was released on August 19, 1988, to generally mixed reviews, grossing over $49.3 million in the U.S., making it the highest-grossing movie in the franchise until the release of Freddy vs. Jason.

References

Dream
1988 horror movies
Movies directed by Renny Harlin
A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child is a 1989 American slasher movie and the fifth movie in the Nightmare on Elm Street series. It was directed by Stephen Hopkins. It stars Robert Englund, Lisa Wilcox and Danny Hassel.  It is the sequel to A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master and is followed by Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare.

References

1989 horror movies
Dream Child
Movies directed by Stephen Hopkins
Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare is a 1991 American comedy horror slasher movie and the sixth movie in the Nightmare on Elm Street series. It is the sequel to A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child and is followed by Wes Craven's New Nightmare. 

This was New Line Cinema's first movie released in 3-D. Upon its release, the movie received a poor critical reception.

Robert Englund reprises his role as Freddy Krueger; Lisa Zane, Yaphet Kotto, Breckin Meyer, Shon Greenblatt, Ricky Dean Logan, Lezlie Deane and Tobe Sexton also star. 

The movie made $34.9 million in the box office. It was released on September 13, 1991.

References

1991 comedy movies
1991 horror movies
American comedy movies
A Nightmare on Elm Street movies
Wes Craven's New Nightmare is a 1994 American slasher movie written and directed by Wes Craven, the original creator of A Nightmare on Elm Street. Although it is the seventh movie in the franchise, it is not part of the series continuity. 

The movie is about Freddy Krueger as a fictional movie villain who invades the real world, and haunts the cast and crew responsible for his movies. In this movie, Freddy is depicted as closer to what Craven originally intended, being much more menacing and much less comical, with an updated attire and appearance.

The movie was released on October 14, 1994 and made $19.7 million in the box office.

References

1994 horror movies
A Nightmare on Elm Street movies
Self-reflexive movies
A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 2010 American slasher movie directed by Samuel Bayer, and written by Wesley Strick and Eric Heisserer. The movie stars Jackie Earle Haley as Freddy Krueger, Kyle Gallner, Rooney Mara, Katie Cassidy, Thomas Dekker, and Kellan Lutz.

It is a remake of Wes Craven's 1984 movie of the same name. It is produced by Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes. It was supposed to be a reboot of the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise.

The movie was released to negative reviews on April 30, 2010 and made  $115.6 million in the box office.

Wes Craven did not like the remake because the movie team refused to work with him, while Robert Englund supported the movie and Haley's performance as Krueger.

References

2010 horror movies
A Nightmare on Elm Street movies
Platinum Dunes movies
Saw is an American horror franchise distributed by Lionsgate. It is produced by Twisted Pictures and created by James Wan and Leigh Whannell. It is made up of eight movies. In 2003, Wan and Whannell made a short movie to help pitch as a potential feature movie.

The sequels were directed by Darren Lynn Bousman, David Hackl, and Kevin Greutert, and were written by Wan, Whannell, Bousman, Patrick Melton, and Marcus Dunstan. The movies are released every October the Friday before Halloween.

Saw 3D, is the final installment of the series. Lionsgate reportedly wanted to continue the franchise in 2012 with a reboot. An eighth movie, Jigsaw, was released in October 2017.

The franchise is about John Kramer (played by Tobin Bell), also called the "Jigsaw Killer" or simply "Jigsaw". He traps his victims before killing them through traps.

The franchise has made over  from box office and retail sales by 2009.

Other characters in the franchise are Billy the Puppet, David Tapp (played by Danny Glover) and Amanda Young (played by Shawnee Smith).

Movies
 Saw (2004)
 Saw II (2005)
 Saw III (2006)
 Saw IV (2007)
 Saw V (2008)
 Saw VI (2009)
 Saw 3D (2010)
 Jigsaw (2017)
 Spiral (2021)

References
Orangeburg, also known as The Garden City, is a city in and the county seat of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population of the city was 13,964 according to the 2010 United States Census. The city is located 37 miles southeast of Columbia.

References

Cities in South Carolina
County seats in South Carolina
Detective David Tapp is a fictional character from the Saw franchise. He was introduced in Saw (2004) as a detective investigating a series of crime scenes linked to the same murderer.

He also appears as a playable character in Saw: The Video Game (2009) and Dead by Daylight (2018). He was played by actor Danny Glover in the movies and voiced by Earl Alexander in the 2009 game.

References

Movie characters
Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 2004
Saw (franchise)
Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven. It stars Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, and David Arquette.

The movie series grossed over $604 million in worldwide box-office receipts. It is made up of four movies. The first series entry, Scream, was released on December 20, 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States. 

The series is about Sidney Prescott, and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims. 

A television spin-off of the movie series was launched by MTV on June 30, 2015. The TV series follows different characters and new storylines which are not connected to the movie series.

Movies
 Scream (1996)
 Scream 2 (1997)
 Scream 3 (2000)
 Scream 4 (2011)
 Scream (2022)

References

Scream movies
Sidney Prescott is a fictional character and the primary protagonist of the Scream franchise. The character was created by Kevin Williamson. She is played by Canadian actress Neve Campbell. She first appeared in Scream (1996) followed by three sequels: Scream 2 (1997), Scream 3 (2000) and Scream 4 (2011). 

The character appears in the Scream movies as the target of a series of killers who adopt the Ghostface persona.

References

Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 1996
Movie characters
Scream (franchise)
Lodi Gyaltsen Gyari (25 August 1949 – 29 October 2018) was a Tibetan diplomat. He was the special envoy to the 14th Dalai Lama in the United States. He was the Tibetan Ambassador to the United States at the time of his death. He was born in Lhasa, Tibet. Rinpoche co-founded the Tibetan Youth Congress. He became and the Executive Chairman of the Board of the International Campaign for Tibet (ICT).

Rinpoche died in a San Francisco, California hospital from liver cancer on October 29, 2018, aged 69.

References

1949 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in San Francisco
Ambassadors to the United States
Tibetan people
Derrick Sherwin (16 April 1936 – 17 October 2018) was an English television producer, writer, story editor and actor. He was born in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. He became the story editor on Doctor Who and, as the producer of the series in 1969. He also co-produced Paul Temple for the BBC.

Sherwin was also a movie actor with his only movie role was as "No. 1" in the 1968 comedy movie The Vengeance of She.

Sherwin died on 17 October 2018 from a long-illness at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2018 deaths
English television producers
English screenwriters
Editors
English movie actors
Actors from Buckinghamshire
Writers from Buckinghamshire
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is an American horror franchise. It is made up of eight horror movies, comics, and a video game adaptation of the original movie.

The franchise focuses on serial killer Leatherface and his psychotic family, who terrorize unsuspecting visitors to their territories in the desolate Texas countryside. They kill and eat them. The original movie was released in 1974, directed by Tobe Hooper.

The movie series has grossed over $235 million at the worldwide box office.

Movies
 The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974)
 The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 (1986)
 Leatherface: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre III (1990)
 Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation (1994)
 The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003)
 The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning (2006)
 Texas Chainsaw 3D (2013)
 Leatherface (2017)

Box Office

References
On August 31, 2014, a collection of almost 500 private pictures of many celebrities, mostly women, and with many having their nudes, were posted on the imageboard 4chan, and later shared by other users on websites and social networks such as Imgur and Reddit. 

The images were initially believed to have been obtained via a breach of Apple's cloud services suite iCloud. However, access was later revealed to have been gained via targeted phishing attacks.

The event, which media outlets and Internet users referred to under names such as "The Fappening".) and "Celebgate", was met with a varied reaction from the media and fellow celebrities. 

Many criticized the Apple Inc. company for not have a secure privacy server.

On September 20, 2014, a second batch of similar private photos of additional celebrities was leaked by hackers. On September 26, a third batch was also leaked, which was dubbed as "The Fappening 3".

References

August 2014 events
Apple Inc.
Nudity
September events
Kumail Nanjiani (born May 2, 1978) is a Pakistani-American stand-up comedian, actor, podcast host and writer. 

He is also known as the voice of Prismo on the Emmy Award-winning animated series Adventure Time. He starred on the TNT series Franklin & Bash and the Adult Swim series Newsreaders. 

In 2017, Nanjiani starred in the semi-autobiographical romantic comedy movie The Big Sick set in Chicago, which he wrote with his wife Emily V. Gordon. They were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay at the 90th Academy Awards.

References

1978 births
Living people
Pakistani writers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American television writers
American radio personalities
Television personalities from New York
Comedians from New York
Screenwriters from New York
Actors from New York
Television personalities from Chicago
Comedians from Chicago
Screenwriters from Chicago
Actors from Chicago
People from Karachi
Harun al-Rashid (also: Haroon al-Rasheed), was a caliph in what is now Iran, reigned from 786 to 809. He has become an icon of the Islamic golden age. He appears in many stories as a wise ruler, who often disguised himself as a peasant in order to walk amongst the people in Baghdad to find out how they lived and how he could improve their situation. His legacy has been cemented through his representation in the Arabian Nights.

Iranian people
Caliphs
760s births
800s deaths
Louis Cha Jing-yong () (10 March 1924 – 30 October 2018), better known by his pen name Jin Yong, was a Chinese novelist and essayist. He co-founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Pao in 1959 and was its first editor-in-chief. He was Hong Kong's most famous writer. He was born in Haining, Zhejiang. He retired from the newspaper business in 1993.

Yong died after a long illness at a hospital in Happy Valley, Hong Kong on 30 October 2018 at the age of 94.

Related pages
List of Chinese writers

References

1924 births
2018 deaths
People from Hong Kong
Chinese novelists
Chinese journalists
Essayists
Chinese businesspeople
Happy Valley () is an upper-income residential area in Hong Kong. It is located on Hong Kong Island. It is part of Wan Chai District.

The area is sometimes known as Wong Nai Chung Kuk () or Wong Nai Chung Valley because of the Wong Nai Chung (, lit. yellow mud stream) that leads into the area.

The area is home to the Happy Valley Racecourse, Hong Kong Racing Museum, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, home to the grounds of the Valley RFC rugby club, and the Hong Kong FC.

References

Other websites
 Happy Valley Community Home Page
 Happy Valley Residents' Organisation 

Geography of Hong Kong
Preston County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,520. Its county seat is Kingwood. It was named for Virginia Governor James Patton Preston.

References

West Virginia counties