cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo is an American ballet company of males who dance in drag. The company makes fun of romantic and classical ballet. Peter Anastos, Natch Taylor, and Antony Bassae co-founded the "Trocks" in 1974 in New York City. The company danced in small shows late at night in places on off-off Broadway. Their first show was on September 9, 1974. The artistic director in 2011 is Tory Dobrin. The public's attention was directed to the company when Arlene Croce reviewed the "Trocks" in The New Yorker. The "Trocks" have danced in many large cities worldwide. In 2008 the company danced for Prince Charles at the Royal Variety Performance.

Notes

Reviews

Other websites 
 Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo, official site
 Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo  at IMG Artists
 Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo  on glbtq.com
Archive film of Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo performing Le Lac des Cygnes (Swan Lake, Act II) in 2010 at Jacob's Pillow 

Ballet companies
The New South Wales Legislative Council is the upper house of the parliament of New South Wales in Australia. The lower house is the Legislative Assembly. Both sit at Parliament House in the state capital, Sydney.  The Council has 42 members. Each member serves an eight-year term.  Half of the members are elected every four years.

New South Wales
New South Wales
Legislatures of country subdivisions
The Parliament of South Australia is the legislature of the Australian state of South Australia. It has the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly.  It follows a Westminster system of parliamentary government. 

The Parliament is elected by all citizens who are 18 or older at the time of an election.

The House of Assembly (lower house) has 47 members.  The Legislative Council (upper house) has 22 councillors (MLCs).

Parliaments
Legislatures of country subdivisions
Government of Australia
South Australia
Anzac Day is a day that happens once a year in Australia and New Zealand.  It is celebrated by both countries on 25th April every year.  It was to commemorate (honour) the members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who fought at Gallipoli in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Now though, it celebrates all "who served and died in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations" and "the contribution and suffering of all those who have served." 

Anzac Day is also observed in the Cook Islands, Niue, Pitcairn, and Tonga. In the past, it was a national holiday in Papua New Guinea or Samoa.

References

Military of Australia
New Zealand
World War I
Holidays
Thomas William "Tom" Roberts (9 March 1856 – 14 September 1931) was an Anglo-Australian artist.  He was an important member of the Heidelberg School.

Life
Roberts parents were newspaper editors.  The family moved to Australia in 1869.  They lived in Collingwood.  He worked as a photographer's assistant through the 1870s.  He studied art at night under Louis Buvelot.  He became friends with Frederick McCubbin.  He returned to England for three years of full-time art study at the Royal Academy Schools from 1881 to 1884.

Through the 1880s and 1890s he worked in Victoria.  He married 35 year old Elizabeth (Lillie) Williamson in 1896. They had a son, Caleb.  Many of his most famous paintings come from this period.  

He spent World War I in England helping at a hospital. In Australia, he built a house at Kallista, near Melbourne.  This was a happy period in Roberts' life.

Elizabeth died in January 1928.  Tom remarried, to Jean Boyes, in August 1928.  He died in 1931 of cancer in Kallista near Melbourne.  He is buried near near Longford, Tasmania.

Works

Roberts painted a lot of fine oil landscapes and portraits. His most famous works, in his time, were two large works, Shearing the Rams and The Big Picture. Roberts had a theme of showing country people working.  Many examples of Roberts' work can be seen at the National Gallery of Australia.  The Big Picture is at Parliament House, Canberra.

References

1856 births
1931 deaths
Australian painters
Cancer deaths in Victoria (Australia)
English painters
People from Dorset
People from Melbourne
Cinema of Australia means the system of production, distribution, and showing of movies in Australia. Making movies in Australia started in 1906. The Story of the Kelly Gang was the earliest feature movie ever made. Since then, many movies have been made in Australia.  Many have got international praise. Many actors and moviemakers started their careers in Australian movies. 

Commercially successful Australian movies have included Paul Hogan's Crocodile Dundee,  Baz Luhrmann's Moulin Rouge! and Chris Noonan's Babe. Other award winning productions include Picnic at Hanging Rock, Gallipoli, The Tracker, Shine and Ten Canoes. Famous Australian trained actors include Errol Flynn, Peter Finch, Rod Taylor, Mel Gibson, Nicole Kidman, Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, Cate Blanchett and Heath Ledger.

History 
The Australian movie history has been called 'boom and bust'.  This is because at times there are very few movies made and other times many movies are made.

List of highest-grossing Australian movies

References

 
Cinema
The music of Australia is the music made in the area of, on the subject of, or by the people of modern Australia.  This includes its earlier Indigenous and colonial societies. Indigenous Australian music is a part of a 40–60,000 year history which made the didgeridoo. Combinations of Indigenous and Western styles show Australian additions to world music. Some people who do this are Yothu Yindi, Christine Anu and Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu. During its early western history, Australia was made of many British colonies.  Australian folk music and bush ballads such as Waltzing Matilda were influenced by Anglo-Celtic culture. Classical forms came from those of Europe. Current Australian music covers many trends.  They are often similar to those of the US, the UK, and similar nations.  There are oftem similarities in the Australian rock and Australian country music genres.

Notable Australian musicians include: the opera singers Dame Nellie Melba and Dame Joan Sutherland; country music stars Slim Dusty (Australia's biggest selling domestic artist) and John Williamson; solo artists John Farnham and Olivia Newton-John, folk-rocker Paul Kelly; Dance group The Avalanches; jazz guitarist Tommy Emmanuel; pioneer rocker Johnny O'Keefe, global folk-rock band The Seekers, global rock and pop bands Men At Work, The EasyBeats, Bee Gees, Air Supply, Crowded House, AC/DC, INXS, Little River Band, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, Midnight Oil, Dragon, Silverchair, Youth Group, You Am I and Powderfinger; the "pop princess" Kylie Minogue, Pendulum, Pop Rock duo Savage Garden  and alternative music stars the John Butler Trio and Xavier Rudd. Other popular artists and groups include The Choirboys, Chantoozies, Cheetah, Sharon O'Neill, Marc Williams, Peter Andre, Goanna, Australian Crawl, Rose Tattoo, Colleen Hewett, Keith Urban, The Angels, Ted Mullry Gang, Hush, The Mixtures, Helen Reddy, and Diana Trask.
Australian literature is the written or literary work made in the area or by the people of Australia and its preceding colonies. During its early western history, Australia was many British colonies. Therefore, its literary tradition is linked with English literature. Since 1788, the character of a new continent came into the literature.  Themes included Aboriginality, mateship, egalitarianism, democracy, migrant and national identity, distance from other Western nations and proximity to Asia, the complexities of urban living and the "beauty and the terror" of life in the Australian bush.

Notable Australian writers have included the novelists Marcus Clarke, Miles Franklin, Patrick White, Thomas Keneally, Morris West and Colleen McCullough, the bush poets Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson, historians Manning Clark and Geoffrey Blainey, the playwright David Williamson and leading expatriate writers Barry Humphries, Robert Hughes, Clive James and Germaine Greer.

Literature
Literature by nationality
Year 501 (DI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Asia 
 Qi He Di succeeds Qi Dong Hun Hou as ruler of the Chinese Southern Qi Dynasty.
 Muryeong becomes king of Baekje.

America 
 Ahkal Mo' Naab' I comes to power in the Maya city of Palenque.

Europe 
 Pope Symmachus, who people said committed crimes.  He said non-religious law did not apply to him. A synod held in 502 agreed with him.

Births 
 Empress Dowager Lou Zhaojun
 Xiao Tong

Deaths 
 Icel, great-grandfather of Creoda of Mercia
 Ravina II, rabbi
 Su Xiaoxiao, Chinese poetess and courtesan
 King Dongseong of Baekje, king of the Baekje Kingdom of Korea
 Xiao Baojuan, emperor of Southern Qi Dynasty, commonly known as Marquess of Donghun
 Consort Pan Yunu, Xiao Baojuan's favorite concubine

500s
Year 515 (DXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe 
 The Revolt of Vitalian is put down by forces loyal to Byzantine emperor Anastasius I

Births 
 Hulü Guang
 Yuwen Hu

Deaths 
 Gao Zhao
 Xuan Wu Di, ruler of the Chinese Northern Wei Dynasty
 Euphemius, deposed Patriarch of Constantinople

Sources 

510s
Year 497 (CDXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Eastern Roman Empire 
 Isaurian War: the Isaurian rebels are defeated.

Europe 
 The Alemanni are defeated by the Franks under Clovis I near Bonn.

Asia 
 The Shaolin Temple is founded. For alternate founding date, see 477).

By topic

Arts and sciences 
 Aryabhata, an Indian astronomer and mathematician, calculates pi (π) as ≈ 62832/20000 = 3.1416, correct to four rounded-off decimal places.

Births 
 Abdul Mutallib, son of Hashim
 Chloderic, son of Clovis I

Deaths 
 Hashim, great-grandfather of Muhammad, (possibly in Gaza)
 Yuan Xun

490s
Year 549 (DXLIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire 
 The Ostrogoths under Totila recapture Rome.
 Last Circus Maximus chariot races in Rome.
 c. 549–564 – Transfiguration of Christ, mosaic in the apse, Church of the Virgin, Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai, Egypt, is made.

Europe 
 Agila succeeds Theudigisel as king of the Visigoths.
 The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ossory (which still exists) is founded in Ireland.
 Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna consecrates the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe.

Asia 
 Emperor Jinwen succeeds Emperor Wu as ruler of the Liang Dynasty in China.

Births 
 Jizang, Chinese Buddhist monk (d. 623)

Deaths 
 Theudigisel, king of the Visigoths
 Tuathal Maelgarb, King of Tara
 Gao Cheng
 Emperor Wu of Liang
 Xiao Zhengde
 Princess Xu Zhaopei
 Zhu Yi
 Chen Daoten father of Emperor Xuan of Chen (in either 548 or 549)

References 

540s
Year 548 (DXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Africa 
 Battle of the Fields of Cato - Byzantines under John Troglita crush Moorish revolt

Births 
 Xiao Zhuang

Deaths 
 June 28 – Theodora, Byzantine empress
 Carcasan, king of the Ifuraces
 Theudis king of the Visigoths
 Theodebert I, king of Austrasia (or 547)
 Chen Daoten father of Emperor_Xuan_of_Chen (in either 548 or 549

540s
Year 547 (DXLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Africa 
 Battle of Marta - Tripolitanian Moors under Carcasan defeat Byzantines under John Troglita

Europe 
 Ida founds the kingdom of Bernicia at Bamburgh (traditional date).
 Theodebald becomes king of Austrasia (or 548).
 Emperor Justinian and His Attendants, mosaic on north wall of the apse, Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, is made (approximate date).
 Empress Theodora and Her Attendants, mosaic on south wall of the apse, Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, is made (approximate date).
 The Basilica of San Vitale, Ravenna is dedicated by Archbishop of Ravenna Maximianus of Ravenna.

Births 
 Pei Ju
 Empress Zhu Manyue

Deaths 
 Theodebert I, king of Austrasia (or 548)
 Tribonian, Byzantine lawyer and writer of the Codex Justinianus.
 Maelgwn Gwynedd, king of Gwynedd (approximate date)
 Gao Huan
Year 1004 (MIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Africa 
 Disease and famine in North Africa.

Asia 
 December – The Samanid dynasty ends in Bokhara.
 The Liao Dynasty starts a battle against the Song Dynasty. They meet near Shanyang, north of the Song capital of Kaifeng.
 Battle of Shanzhou: The Liao Dynasty general Xiao Talin is killed by a Song Chinese crossbow sniper.

Europe 
 May 14 – Henry II is crowned Holy Roman Emperor at Pavia. A fight between his German companions and the Pavese becomes a full-scale battle.
 Henry II starts war against Boleslav of Poland. It lasts until 1018.
 Boleslaus I of Poland loses Bohemia. He had become duke the previous year. He is succeeded as duke of Bohemia by Jaromir.
 Sancho III becomes king of Navarre, Aragon and Castille.
 Sweyn I of Denmark destroys Norwich.
 Aberdeen becomes a bishopric.
 Arabs sack Pisa.
 The troops of the vizir Al-Mansur sack the Catalan city of Manresa.
 Pope John XVIII (1004–1009).

Births 
 Abdallah ibn Al-Aftas (approximate date) (d. 1060)
 Goda of England (d. 1055)

Deaths 
 November 13 – Abbon of Fleury
 Adelaide of Aquitaine, wife of Hugh Capet
 Erik the Red (or 1003) (b. 950)
 Li Jiqian, Tangut jiedushi who ruled the new Western Xia Dynasty in northwestern China (b. 963)

References
Year 1055 (MLV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Africa 
 The Almoravids conquer Aoudaghost (present-day Mauritania).

Asia 
 December 18 – The Seljuk Turks capture Baghdad. Al-Malik al-Rahim is taken prisoner.

Europe 
 January 11 – Theodora becomes reigning empress of the Byzantine Empire.
 October 24 – Ralph the Timid is defeated by the Welsh.
 Beginning of the campaign of Ferdinand I of Castile against al-Andalus. The king conquers Seia from the Christian allies of the Muslim taifas.

By topic

Art 
 Construction on the Liaodi Pagoda in Hebei is complete. It is the tallest pagoda in Chinese history standing at a height of 84 m (275 ft) tall.

Religion 
 April 13 – Pope Victor II succeeds Pope Leo IX as the 153rd pope.
 An abbey was set up at Tihany, Hungary by András (Andrew) I. The written agreement is the earliest record in the Hungarian language.

Births

Deaths 
 January 11 – Constantine IX Monomachos, emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire
 May 26 – Margrave Adalbert of Austria
 Princess Goda of England

References 

1055
Year 870 (DCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe 
 Prague Castle is founded.
 The Great Summer Army invades England.  It is led by Bagsecg.  They conquers East Anglia.
 August 8 – Treaty of Meerssen: Charles the Bald and Louis the German divide Lotharingia among themselves.
 December 31 – The Danes are defeated by a Saxon army at Englefield, Berkshire. It is the first of a series of battles between Wessex and the Danes.
 Malta is conquered by Arabs from Sicily.
 Borivoj becomes duke of Bohemia.
 Charles the Bald marries Richilde.

By topic

Religion 
 Michael II succeeds Michael I as Patriarch of Alexandria.
 The Autonomous Bulgarian Archbishopric is made.
 February 28 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople ends.

Births 
 Al-Farabi, Persian philosopher and scientist
 Zwentibold, King of Lotharingia

Deaths 
 November 20 – King Edmund of East Anglia
 al-Bukhari, Persian hadith compiler
 Al-Kindi, philosopher

870
Year 1011 (MXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe 
 June 11  the Byzantine army takes Bari from the rebellious Lombard lord Melus.
 Danes capture Canterbury, taking Alphege, the Archbishop of Canterbury as a prisoner.
 Byrhtferth of Ramsey writes his Manual, on the subject of time.
 The German king Henry II gives Adalbero, Duke of Carinthia the Carinthian duchy, including the rule over the March of Verona (or in 1012).
 Ermengol II succeeds Ermengol I as Count of Urgell
 Albert II, Count of Namur succeeds Albert I

Middle East 
 Baghdad Manifesto: Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah's fall from Ali ibn Abi Talib is disputed.
 Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), a famous Persian scientist working in Egypt, pretends to be crazy. He is kept under house arrest until 1021. During this time he begins writing his influential Book of Optics.
 In Georgia, Bagrat III takes away Sumbat III of Klarjeti power.

Eastern Asia 
 The Chinese Guangyun rime dictionary is compiled under Emperor Zhenzong of Song.
 Emperor Sanjō gets the throne of Japan.

Births 
 Eleanor of Normandy, a Norman noblewoman and the daughter of Richard II of Normandy (possible date; d. after 1071)
 Ralph the Staller, earl of East Anglia (d. 1068)
 Robert I, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1076)
 Shao Yong, Song Dynasty philosopher, cosmologist, poet and historian (d. 1077)

Deaths 
 February 23  Willigis, Archbishop of Mainz and a statesman of the Holy Roman Empire (b. c. 940)
 November 21  Emperor Reizei of Japan (b. 950)
 December 12 or December 15  Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia (b. c. 975)
 Emperor Ichijō of Japan (b. 980)
 Albert I, Count of Namur (b. c. 950)
 Armentarius, Galician bishop (b. 983)
 Sumbat III of Klarjeti, Georgian prince of the Bagratid dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti and the last sovereign of Klarjeti
 Yohannan V, Patriarch of the Church of the East

References
Maggie Grace (born Margaret Grace Denig; September 21, 1983) is an American actress, best known for her roles as Shannon Rutherford on the ABC television series Lost and Kim Mills in the Taken trilogy. She has also appeared on The Twilight Saga as "Irina". Originally from Worthington, Ohio, she went on to earn a Young Artist Award nomination in 2002 with her portrayal of 15-year-old murder victim Martha Moxley in the television movie Murder in Greenwich. In 2004, Grace was cast as Shannon Rutherford in the television series Lost, on which she was a main cast member for the first two seasons, winning a Screen Actors Guild Award shared with the ensemble cast. Leaving the series, Grace was keen to work more prominently in film, she appeared in The Jane Austen Book Club (both 2007), and opposite Liam Neeson as Kim Mills in Taken in 2008. She reprised the role in Taken 2 (2012) and Taken 3 (2015).

She also played the lead role, Alice, in Malice in Wonderland, a modern take on Lewis Carroll's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Grace reprised the role of Shannon in two more episodes of Lost, including the series finale. In 2013, she appears in the sixth season of Californication. She portrays Faith, a groupie and a muse to the stars, who captures the eye of Hank Moody played by David Duchovny.

References

American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Ohio
1983 births
Living people
Serge Ibaka (born 18 September 1989) is a NBA player born in Republic of the Congo and a naturalized citizen of Spain. Ibaka plays for the Toronto Raptors. Before that he  played for the Oklahoma City Thunder, where he made around $3,500,000 in salary. He plays at the forward position.

Other websites 
Serge Ibaka at Basketball-Reference

References

1989 births
African sportspeople
Living people
Oklahoma City Thunder players
Orlando Magic players
Toronto Raptors players
Predrag Stojaković (, ; born 9 June 1977), known by his nickname Peja, is a Serbian retired professional basketball player. He played a career total of 13 years in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the Sacramento Kings, Indiana Pacers, New Orleans Hornets, Toronto Raptors, and Dallas Mavericks. He has also played for the Red Star Belgrade of the YUBA Liga and with PAOK of the Greek Basket League (GBL).

He is a one-time NBA Champion, winning the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy with the Mavericks in 2011.

On 19 December 2011, Stojaković announced that he was retiring from playing professional basketball. He said that ongoing back and neck problems had affected his play later in his career.

References

Other websites 
NBA profile 
Peja Stojakovic on Basketball-Reference

1977 births
Croatian sportspeople
Dallas Mavericks players
Indiana Pacers players
Living people
New Orleans Hornets players
Sacramento Kings players
Toronto Raptors players
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Patrick Victor Martindale White (28 May 1912 – 30 September 1990), was an Australian author.  He is an important English-language novelist of the 20th century. From 1935 until his death, he published 12 novels, two short-story collections and eight plays.

White's fiction uses humour, ornate prose, shifting narrative vantage points and a stream of consciousness technique. In 1973, he got the Nobel Prize in Literature. He was the only Australian citizen with the prize until the South African-born J. M. Coetzee became an Australian citizen in 2006. His novel The Vivisector was close to winning the Lost Man Booker Prize in 2010.

White was made Australian of the Year for 1974.

Patrick White and Christina Stead are widely called the most important Australian novelists of the 20th century.

Works

Novels
Happy Valley (1939)
The Living and the Dead (1941)
The Aunt's Story (1948)
The Tree of Man (1955)
Voss (1957)
Riders in the Chariot (1961)
The Solid Mandala (1966)
The Vivisector (1970)
The Eye of the Storm (1973)
A Fringe of Leaves (1976)
The Twyborn Affair (1979)
Memoirs of Many in One (1986)
The Hanging Garden (2012) (Unfinished, posthumous)

Short story collections
The Burnt Ones (1964)
The Cockatoos (1974)
Three Uneasy Pieces (1987)

Plays
Bread and Butter Women (1935) Unpublished.
The School for Friends (1935) Unpublished.
Return to Abyssinia (1948) Unpublished.
The Ham Funeral (1947) prem. Union Theatre, Adelaide, 1961.
The Season at Sarsaparilla (1962)
A Cheery Soul (1963)
Night on Bald Mountain (1964)
Big Toys (1977)
Signal Driver: a Morality Play for the Times (1982)
Netherwood (1983)
Shepherd on the Rocks (1987)
Screenplay
 The Night the Prowler (1978)

Autobiography
Flaws in the Glass (1981)

References

1912 births
1990 deaths
Australian LGBT people
Australian Nobel Prize winners
Australian novelists
Australian playwrights
Autobiographers
LGBT Nobel Prize winners
LGBT writers
Writers from New South Wales
David Gordon "Slim Dusty " Kirkpatrick AO, MBE (13 June 1927 – 19 September 2003) was an Australian country music singer-songwriter and producer.  He performed for nearly 70 years. Australian poets Henry Lawson and Banjo Patterson influenced his songs.  Many of his songs were about Australian bush life or trucking. Dusty was the first Australian to have a number one hit song.  The song was "Pub With No Beer", written by Gordon Parsons. He has 37 Golden Guitar and two ARIA awards.  He is in the ARIA Hall of Fame and the Country Music Roll of Renown. At the time of his death at the age of 76, Dusty was working on his 106th album for EMI Records. In 2007 he sold more than seven million recordings in Australia.

Honours and milestones

Slim Dusty was Australia's most successful and prolific musical artist.  He had more Gold and Platinum albums than any other Australian artist. Slim Dusty was also:

 The first Australian to receive a Gold Record.
 The first Australian to have an international record hit (Pub with No Beer).
 He was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire and an Officer of the Order of Australia for services to entertainment.
 The first artist broadcast from space.  Astronauts played his recording of Waltzing Matilda from Space Shuttle Columbia as it passed over Australia on its maiden flight in 1981.
 The winner of a 36 Golden Guitar awards from 72 nominations at the Tamworth Country Music Festival.
 One of the earliest members of Australia's country music Roll of Renown.
 More Gold Record and Platinum Record Awards than any other Australian artist.
 In the ARIA Hall of Fame and the ARIA Special Achievement Award.
 Awarded Senior Australian of the Year 1999.

References

1927 births
2003 deaths
Australian country musicians
Australian guitarists
Australian singer-songwriters
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Musicians from New South Wales
Order of Australia
Record producers
Skippy the Bush Kangaroo was an Australian television series for children.  It was created by John McCallum.  It was made from 1966–1968.  The show tells the adventures of a young boy and his intelligent pet kangaroo.  It happens in the (fictional) Waratah National Park in Duffys Forest, near Sydney, New South Wales.

Ninety-one 30-minute episodes were made over the three seasons of production. At the time of first screening, Australian television was still in black and white. The show was filmed in colour to get more international sales, especially in the United States and Canada.  It aired there between 1969 and 1972. The Nine Network repeated the series several times after Australian television became colour in 1975.

The programme was played in Mexico, Cuba, Spain, Czechoslovakia, and Iran.

Cast
The main characters were:
 Ed Devereaux as Matt Hammond, the Head Ranger of Waratah National Park
 Garry Pankhurst as Sonny Hammond, Matt's younger son
 Ken James as Mark Hammond, Matt's elder son
 Tony Bonner as Jerry King, flight ranger (helicopter pilot) (exit #78)
 Liza Goddard as Clarissa 'Clancy' Merrick (entry #9 exit #75), the teenage daughter of a ranger stationed at another section of the park. When her father is moved to a park in northern New South Wales, Matt invites Clancy to stay with the Hammond family so that her music studies are not hurt by the move north.
 John Warwick as Sir Adrian Gillespie, Head of the NSW National Parks Board
 Elke Neidhardt as Dr. Anna Steiner, a German doctor and playing a support role.
 Morgan Brain as Sgt. Bernard Gillies.
 Skippy was played by at least nine different kangaroos

References

Australian television series
1966 television series debuts
1970 disestablishments
1960s television series
1970s television series
English-language television programs
, also romanized as Tempyō, was a  after Jinki and before Tenpyō-kanpō.  This period started in August 729 and ended in April 749.  The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Tenpyō era
 740 (Tenpyō 12, 10th month): The forces of Fujiwara no Hirotsugu are defeated in Hizen Province on the island of Kyushu. 
 740 (Tenpyō 12): Japan's capital city is established in Kuni-kyō.
 741 (Tenpyō 13): The Emperor establishes Buddhist temples in the provinces of Japan.  Provincial monasteries were built.
 743 (Tenpyō 15): The Emperor orders creation of a huge statue of the Buddha (daibutsu) which will be part of Tōdai-ji, Nara.
 744 (Tenpyō 16): Naniwa-kyō became Japan's capital.
 745 (Tenpyō 17): The capital returns to Heijō-kyō.
 749 (Tenpyō 20, 4th month): Former-Empress Genshō died.
 749 (Tenpyō 20): After a 25-year reign, Emperor Shōmu abdicated and took vows as a Buddhist priest.  Shōmu's daughter receives the succession (senso). Soon after, Empress Kōken's role as monarch was confirmed (sokui).

Gallery

Related pages
 Nara period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
720s establishments in Japan
8th-century disestablishments in Japan
748 disestablishments
729 establishments
The Groupement des écoles d'aéronautique (GEA France) (in English French aviation school network) includes three French engineering universities:

 École nationale de l'aviation civile (ÉNAC), Aix-en-Provence, Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Toulouse, Muret, Montpellier, Grenoble, Biscarosse, Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban, Saint-Yan et Melun,
 École nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique (ISAE-ENSMA), Poitiers,
 Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (ISAE), Toulouse.

The GEA is member of the Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research.

Project 
The GEA universities have created the Institut sino-européen d'ingénierie de l'aviation of Tianjin in partnership with French aerospace companies. This is part of Franco-Chinese cooperation after an Airbus A320 assembly plant was built in Tianjin.

The university, opened in October 2007, trains Chinese students. They follow a course in aerospace engineering, taught in French. After a first year of learning the French language, they follow a master's degree course in aeronautical engineering.

Not linked with the engineering training, three Mastères Spécialisés are also taught in Tianjin:

References 

Aerospace engineering
Aviation in France
French Civil Aviation University
Engineering schools
In the Wake of the Bounty is an Australian movie directed by Charles Chauvel.  It is the first movie of Errol Flynn. It is based on the 1932 novel Mutiny on the Bounty by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall. The Australian movie was made two years before MGM's more famous Mutiny on the Bounty.

The movie mixed re-enactments with documentary.  It focused not so much on the mutiny itself as on what happened afterwards.

References

1933 movies
Australian movies
Movies based on books
Historical movies
Mutiny on the Bounty
Kenneth George Hall, AO OBE (22 February 1901 – 8 February 1994), was an Australian Movie director.  He is said to be one of the most important people in the history of the Australian cinema.

Hall began making movies in 1928.  The first movie was The Exploits of the Emden about the Battle of Cocos. Kokoda Front Line in 1942 became the first Australian movie to win an Academy Award.

In 1956, Hall became general manager for Channel Nine in Sydney.  He stayed there until 1966.

On 1 January 1972, Hall was awarded the Order of the British Empire for his services to the "Australian motion picture industry."   He got the Raymond Longford Award for "Lifetime Achievement" in 1976.

Feature Movies
 The Exploits of the Emden (1928)
 On Our Selection (1932)
 The Squatter's Daughter (1933)
 The Silence of Dean Maitland (1934)
 Strike Me Lucky (1934)
 Grandad Rudd (1935)
 Thoroughbred (1936)
 Orphan of the Wilderness (1936)
 It Isn't Done (1937)
 Tall Timbers (1937)
 Lovers and Luggers (1937)
 The Broken Melody (1938)
 Let George Do It (1938)
 Dad and Dave Come to Town (1938)
 Gone to the Dogs (1939)
 Come Up Smiling (1939) (producer only)
 Mr. Chedworth Steps Out (1939)
 Dad Rudd, MP (1940)
 Smithy (1946)

Selected Short Movies
 That's Cricket (1931)
 Cinesound Varieties (1934)
 100,000 Cobbers (1942)
 Kokoda Front Line! (1942)
 South West Pacific (1943)

References

People from Sydney
Members of the Order of the British Empire
1901 births
1994 deaths
Order of Australia
Australian movie directors
Australian movie producers
Picnic at Hanging Rock is a 1975 Australian drama movie.  It was directed by Peter Weir.  It stars Anne-Louise Lambert, Helen Morse, Rachel Roberts and Vivean Gray. The movie is from the book Picnic at Hanging Rock, by author Joan Lindsay.

The film tells the story of the disappearance of several schoolgirls and their teacher. They disappear during a picnic to Hanging Rock, Victoria, on St. Valentine's Day in 1900. The movie shows the effect on the local community.

Picnic at Hanging Rock made $5,120,000 in ticket sales in Australia.

Awards
 Nominated in 1976 for "Best Cinematography" by the British Society of Cinematographers.
 Winner of "Best Cinematography" at the 1976 for BAFTA Awards. Also nominated for  "Best Costume Design" and "Best Soundtrack".
 Winner of "Best Cinematography" at the 1979 Saturn Awards by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. Also nominated for "Best Writing".

References

Other websites

1975 drama movies
1975 mystery movies
Australian drama movies
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in the 1900s
Movies set in Australia
Victoria, Australia
Movies directed by Peter Weir
Gallipoli is a 1981 Australian movie.  It is directed by Peter Weir and stars Mel Gibson and Mark Lee.  It is about several young men from rural Western Australia who join the Australian Army during the First World War. They are sent to the peninsula of Gallipoli in the Ottoman Empire.  They take part in the Gallipoli Campaign.  Over time the young men lose their innocence about the purpose of war.  The climax of the movie occurs on the Anzac battlefield at Gallipoli.  It shows the futile attack at the Battle of the Nek on 7 August 1915.

Gallipoli is a faithful portrayal of life in Australia in the 1910s. It captures the ideals and character of the Australians who joined up to fight, as well as the conditions they endured on the battlefield.  It does, however, change events for dramatic purposes.  It has a number of significant historical inaccuracies.

The many running scenes in the movie are set to Jean Michel Jarre's Oxygène.

Gallipoli was successful at the box office earning $11,740,000. Gallipoli was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Foreign Film.

References

Australian movies
1981 movies
1980s war movies
Movies directed by Peter Weir
The Man from Snowy River is a 1982 Australian movie.  It is based on the Banjo Paterson poem The Man from Snowy River. The cast included Kirk Douglas, Jack Thompson, Tom Burlinson, Sigrid Thornton, Terence Donovan, and Chris Haywood.

Both Burlinson and Thornton were in the 1988 sequel, The Man from Snowy River II.

The Man from Snowy River made $17,228,160 at the box office in Australia,.  This is the same as $50,132,946 in 2009 dollars.

Awards and nominations
 Won 1982 AFI Award for Best Original Music Score — (awarded to Bruce Rowland)
 Won 1982 Montreal World Film Festival Award for Most Popular Film — (awarded to George T. Miller)
 Nominated for 1982 AFI Award for Best Achievement in Sound
 Nominated for 1983 Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Film Australia

References

1982 drama movies
Australian movies
1980s western movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies about animals
Movies set in Australia
Light therapy is a treatment where the patient is exposed to light. Depression, sleeping problems, bipolar disorder and many skin conditions are treated with this therapy. The therapy consists of exposing the patient to a light source. The light source usually emits the full spectrum of light. Sometimes, this has to be done at a specific time of day.

 

Medicine
Chestnut is the name for a kind of tree or the nut from the tree.

Chestnut may also be:
In botany:

 American chestnut, one of the most important forest trees throughout much of the eastern United States and southeasternmost Canada
 Chestnut blight, fungal disease
 Chestnut oak, species of oak in the white oak group
 Chinese chestnut
Castanea mollissima, species of chestnut native to China
Sterculia monosperma, also known as Thai Chestnut
 Guiana chestnut, a name for Pachira aquatica
 Horse chestnut, member of the genus Aesculus
 Japanese chestnut, species of chestnut from Japan and South Korea
 Malabar chestnut, a name for Pachira aquatica
 Swamp chestnut oak, species of oak in the white oak section Quercus
 Sweet chestnut, species of chestnut from southeastern Europe and Asia Minor

In geography:

 Chestnut, Illinois, United States
 Chestnut Grove, North Carolina, United States

In zoology:

 Chestnut (coat), color of horse
 Chestnut (horse anatomy), on the legs of horses
 Chestnut Dunnart, dunnart that was described by Van Dyck in 1986
 Chestnut Sparrow, sparrow that likes dry savanna
 Chestnut Teal, dabbling duck found in southern Australia
 Chestnut Woodpecker, bird from South America from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas south to Ecuador, Bolivia and northern Brazil, and on Trinidad
 Horse-chestnut leaf miner, a moth

In other fields:

 Chestnut (color), reddish brown
 Chestnut hair, reddish brown hair
 Operation Chestnut, failed British raid by 2 Special Air Service
 Chestnut (joke), British slang for an old or stale joke
 Chestnut (music), piece of music that has been played so much that everyone has grown tired of it

People with the family name Chestnut:

 Cyrus Chestnut, jazz pianist
 Jacob Chestnut, one of the two United States Capitol Police officers killed in the line of duty on July 24, 1998
 Joey Chestnut, competitive eater from San Jose, California
 Morris Chestnut, American movie and television actor
Crocodile Dundee (stylized as "Crocodile" Dundee in the United States) is a 1986 Australian-American romantic comedy adventure movie. It is set in the Australian Outback and in New York City. It stars Paul Hogan and Linda Kozlowski.

It is based on the true life of Rodney Ansell. The film had a budget of under $10 million. They meant to make a commercial Australian film that America would like. Many people in the world liked the movie. It made the second most money of all movies in the United States in 1986. It also was second in money made in the world in 1986.

There are two versions of the film: the Australian version, and the American / international version. The American version had much of the Australian slang replaced with more commonly understood words. It was also slightly shorter. There were two sequel movies: "Crocodile" Dundee II (1988) and Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles (2001).

Release dates

Awards 
Award wins:
 Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy – Paul Hogan

Award nominations:
 Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy
 Academy Award for Writing Original Screenplay – Paul Hogan, Ken Shadie, John Cornell
 BAFTA for Best Original Screenplay – Paul Hogan, Ken Shadie, John Cornell
 BAFTA Award for Best Actor – Paul Hogan
 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture – Linda Kozlowski

References

1986 comedy movies
1986 romance movies
1980s adventure movies
1980s romantic comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
American romantic comedy movies
Australian comedy movies
Australian romance movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Australia
Movies set in deserts
Paramount movies
American independent movies
Australia is a 2008 Australian epic historical romantic drama movie. It was directed by Baz Luhrmann. It starred Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman. It made the second most money of any Australian movie. The first was Crocodile Dundee. The movie is set between 1939 and 1942. Events in northern Australia included the bombing of Darwin during World War II. The movie was released in both Australia and the United States on 26 November 2008. It was released to the rest of the world in late December 2008 and January and February 2009.

Awards and nominations

References

2008 drama movies
2008 romance movies
2000s romantic drama movies
2000s war movies
20th Century Fox movies
Australian drama movies
Australian romance movies
English-language movies
2000s epic movies
2000s historical movies
Movies set in the 1930s
Movies set in the 1940s
World War II movies
Movies set in Australia
Movies set in deserts
2008 movies
NBL may mean:

 Any of several basketball leagues named National Basketball League
 National Basketball League (Australasia), the pre-eminent men's professional basketball league in Australasia
 National Basketball League (Bulgaria)
 National Basketball League of Canada
 National Basketball League 1993-94 (Canada) (defunct)
 National Basketball League (China), a men's semi-professional basketball minor league in China
 National Basketball League (Czech Republic)
 National Basketball League (Indonesia)
 National Basketball League (Lithuania), a men's basketball minor league in Lithuania
 National Basketball League (Malaysia)
 National Basketball League (New Zealand)
 National Basketball League (United Kingdom) 1972–2003 (defunct)
 National Basketball League (United States) 1937–49 (defunct)
 National Basketball League (1898–1904) (defunct)
 Namibia Breweries Limited
 National Bicycle League (United States)
 National Blackbelt League the world's largest and most prestigious sport karate league tournament
 National Book League (United Kingdom)
 National Bowling League (United States) (defunct)
 n-Butyllithium, an organic compound.
 Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center
 New Brunswick Laboratory
 Noble Energy, an oil and natural gas exploration and production company listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol NBL
 North Bay League, now part of the North Coast Section of the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF)
 North Berwick Law, a volcanic plug in East Lothian, Scotland
 North British Locomotive Company
The Assault on Truth: Freud's Suppression of the Seduction Theory is a book published in 1984 by psychoanalyst and historian Jeffrey Masson. In the book, Masson criticizes Austrian neurologist (a person who treats the nervous system) Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) for abandoning the seduction theory, which held that neurotic illness in adults and adolescents was a result of their being sexually abused before puberty. Freud said that his patients confabulated the molestations and then rejected this theory. Masson says that Freud's original view was the correct one.

1984 books
Non-fiction books
Psychology
The ANZ Championship is the most famous netball league in the world. The competition is held once a year between April and July.  There are 69 matches played over 17 weeks. There are ten teams, five from Australia and five from New Zealand. ANZ Bank is the sponsor of the competition.

The ANZ Championship was started in 2008.  It replaced the Commonwealth Bank Trophy in Australia and the National Bank Cup in New Zealand.  Both of which were retired after 2007. The ANZ Championship saw netball become a semi-professional sport in both countries.  There was more media coverage and higher player salaries. The current champions are the Queensland Firebirds, who defeated the Northern Mystics in the grand final of the 2011 season.

Current teams

Sport in Australia
Sport in New Zealand
Sports leagues
Organisations based in Australia
2008 establishments
The USL W-League is a national women's soccer league.  It is in the United States and Canada.  It is alongside the Women's Premier Soccer League and below Women's Professional Soccer.

The W-League is seen as North America’s main way for women to develop in soccer. The W-League is also an open league.  This gives college players the chance to play alongside established international players.  The league is administered by the United Soccer Leagues system.  The USL also oversees the men's USL Pro and USL Premier Development League.

2011 Teams

Eastern Conference

Northeast Division
D.C. United Women  (2011- )
Long Island Rough Riders  (1995-)
New Jersey Rangers  (2010-)
New Jersey Wildcats  (1996-)
New York Magic  (1997-)
North Jersey Valkyries  (2010-)

Atlantic Division
Atlanta Silverbacks Women  (2005-)
Charlotte Lady Eagles  (2000-)
Dayton Dutch Lions WFC  (2011-)
Fredericksburg Impact  (2011-)
Hampton Roads Piranhas  (1995-)
Northern Virginia Majestics  (1999-)

Central Conference

Great Lakes Division
Hamilton FC Rage  (2011-, Hamilton Avalanche 2006-2010)
Laval Comets  (2006-)
London Gryphons  (2004-)
Ottawa Fury Women  (2003-)
Quebec City Amiral SC  (2009-)
Rochester Ravens  (2009-, Rochester Rhinos Women 2004-2008, Rochester Ravens 1996-2003)
Toronto Lady Lynx  (2005-)

Western Conference
Colorado Force  (2009-, Fort Collins Force 1997-2008)
USA  (2010-,  Real Colorado Cougars 2006-2009,  Denver Lady Cougars 2001-2005, Colorado Gold 2000)
LA Strikers  (2011-)
Pali Blues  (2008-)
Santa Clarita Blue Heat  (2010, Ventura County Fusion 2008-2009)
Seattle Sounders Women  (2001-)
Vancouver Whitecaps Women  (2001-)
Victoria Highlanders Women  (2011-)

References

Soccer in the United States
Soccer in Canada
Football leagues
A-League Women, known before the 2021–22 season as the W-League, is the main women's semi-professional football (soccer) league in Australia. Started in 2008, it currently has 10 teams, nine in Australia and the other in New Zealand. Eight of the Australian teams and the New Zealand team are partners with clubs in A-League Men. The other team is based in Canberra. Because it is sponsored by Liberty Lending Group, an Australian financial services company, the League is called Liberty A-League Women.

A-League Women started on 25 October 2008 as the W-League.

One game per week is broadcast live nationwide on ABC1.

As of the 2021–22 season, teams in A-League Women have a salary cap of A$450,000 for the entire squad. By comparison, the salary cap for clubs in the men's competition, A-League Men, is A$2.1 million, with each team in that league allowed to sign two "marquee players" whose salaries do not count against the cap.

The league began with eight teams. The Central Coast Mariners had to withdraw from the 2010–11 season.  This was because they did not have enough money. Western Sydney Wanderers FC joined the league for 2012–13, followed by Melbourne City FC in 2015–16 and the league's first New Zealand side, Wellington Phoenix FC, in 2021–22. Central Coast Mariners FC will return to A-League Women in 2022–23, and Western United FC will add an A-League Women side in 2022–23.

References

Football in Australia
Football leagues
2008 establishments in Australia
Organisations based in Australia
Tone deafness is the inability to hear that a musical instrument produces tones of different pitch. In music, relative pitch is used for different musical notes. Very often the condition results from damage in the brain. People with this problem do not seem to have a problem to hear or reproduce intonation in human speech.

Human communication
Institut aéronautique et spatial (IAS) is the French aeronautical industry's education coordinator. IAS was created in 1980. It is in Toulouse. IAS members are the major aeronautics & space companies such as EADS, Safran, Thales, Dassault Aviation, Airbus, Eurocopter, and others:

Mission 
Its aim is to develop a network of international partners, using 3 main vectors:

 Academic training with graduation;
 Continuing education and professional trainings;
 Support for research cooperation

References

Other websites 
 IAS website

Aviation in France
Education in France
Aerospace engineering
1980 establishments in France
Toulouse
Okhotigone Eskov, 1993 is a genus of spiders belonging to the Linyphiidae family.

Other websites 
 Okhotigone sounkyoensis (Betekenis/definitie van)
 ADW: Okhotigone sounkyoensis: CLASSIFICATION

References

Spiders
A  () is a French term used to describe a situation where three people are involved in a relationship and live together. Each of the three has a sexual relationship to the two others. A form of polyamory, arrangements are sometimes identified as a throuple, thruple, or triad.

In 2021, the first ever throuple couple got married, and it is now officially legal.

References 

Human sexuality
Elena Ionescu (17 May 1988) is an Romanian singer who since 2006 has been the lead singer of pop band Mandinga replacing Elena Gheorghe. Mandinga won the Romanian national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan were Ionescu will sing the song Zaleilah.

References 

1988 births
Romanian singers
Living people
was a  after Tenpyō and before Tenpyō-shōhō.  This period was only months.  It started in April and ended in July 749.  The reigning emperor was .

Tenpyō-kanpō lasted only four months during the last year of Shōmu's reign.  The previous era ended and this new one started in 749.

Events of the Tenpyō-kanpō era
 749 (Tenpyō-kanpō 1, 2nd day of the 7th month): In the 25th year of Shōmu's reign, the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his daughter. Soon after, Empress Kōken's role as monarch was confirmed by ceremonies (sokui).
 749 (Tenpyō-kanpō 1, 2nd day of the 7th month): To mark the beginning of Empress Kōken's regin, the Tenpyō-kanpō era ended and the new Tenpyō-Shōhō era started.

Related pages
 Nara period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
749
8th-century establishments in Japan
8th-century disestablishments in Japan
749 disestablishments
749 establishments
8th century in Japan