cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Heather Mary Harper  (8 May 1930 – 22 April 2019) was a Northern Irish opera soprano. She first became known in 1954 for Medea at the Oxford University Opera Club. From 1956 to 1975, she was a member of the English Opera Group. She later became noted for her performances of Elsa in Strauss's Arabella, Ellen Orford in Britten's Peter Grimes and as the Governess in Britten's The Turn of the Screw. She retired in 1994.

Harper was born in Belfast. She studied at the Trinity College of Music in London. She died on 22 April 2019, at the age of 88.

References

1930 births
2019 deaths
British singers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from Northern Ireland
British opera singers
People from Belfast
Sopranos
Jarosław Biernat (6 September 1960 – 20 April 2019) was a Polish footballer. He played as a midfielder.

Biernat was born in Szczecin. He played professionally from 1982 to 1992. He played for Polish sides Pogoń Szczecin and Legia Warsaw. He later played for German clubs Eintracht Frankfurt, SG Union Solingen, SpVgg Bayreuth and SG Düren 99. He died after a long illness in 2019, at the age of 58.

References

Other websites
 

1960 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from disease
Polish footballers
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) is a public university located at Khulshi area in Chittagong. It is a specialized university and founded in 2007.

Colleges and universities in India
Leonard Johnrose (born 29 November 1969) is an English former professional football player. During his career. he played for several clubs including Burnley, Bury and Swansea City. Johnrose was best known as a tough-tackling defensive midfielder. He was born in Preston, Lancashire.

In March 2017, he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease.

References

Other websites

1969 births
Living people
English footballers
Sportspeople from Lancashire
Dick Rivers (born Hervé Forneri; 24 April 1945 – 24 April 2019) was a French singer and actor. He was born in Nice, France. He began performing in the early 1960s. He was an important figure in introducing rock and roll music in France. He was inspired by Elvis Presley. He formed his band Les Chats Sauvages in 1961.

Rivers died of cancer in Paris on his 74th birthday on 24 April 2019.

References

Other websites
Official website

1945 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in France
French movie actors
French television actors
French voice actors
Actors from Paris
French singers
Mark Medoff (March 18, 1940 – April 23, 2019) was an American playwright, screenwriter, movie and theatre director, actor, and professor. He was born in Mount Carmel, Illinois.

His play Children of a Lesser God won both the Tony Award and the Olivier Award in 1980.  He was nominated for an Academy Award and a Writers Guild of America Best Adapted Screenplay Award for the movie script of Children of a Lesser God.  He also won an Obie Award for his play When You Comin' Back, Red Ryder?.

Medoff died on April 23, 2019, from problems caused by a fall and cancer in hospice care in Las Cruces, New Mexico at age 79.

References

Tony Award winners
1940 births
2019 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Cancer deaths in the United States
American playwrights
American stage actors
American movie actors
Educators from Illinois
Screenwriters from Illinois
Actors from Illinois
Movie directors from Illinois
William Krehm (November 23, 1913 – April 19, 2019) was a Canadian author, journalist, political activist and real estate developer. He was born in Toronto. He was a known Trotskyist activist in the 1930s. He went to Spain where he was part of the Spanish Civil War. In the 1980s he co-founded the Committee on Monetary and Economic Reform (COMER) in the 1980s and continued as the group's principal leader until his death.

He died on April 19, 2019 at the age of 105.

References

1913 births
2019 deaths
Canadian centenarians
Canadian journalists
Canadian activists
Political activists
Political commentators
Canadian businesspeople
Real estate developers
Writers from Toronto
Harrison is a town in Westchester County, New York. It is about  northeast of Manhattan. The population was 27,472 at the 2010 census. According to Forbes magazine, Harrison is the 326th richest place in the United States. The median price for a home was $1,230,625 in 2015.

References

Towns in New York
Villages in New York
James Vincent Schall, S.J. (January 20, 1928 – April 17, 2019) was an American Jesuit Roman Catholic priest, teacher, writer, and philosopher.  He was born in Pocahontas, Iowa. Schall was Professor of Political Philosophy in the Department of Government at Georgetown University.  He retired from teaching in December 2012.  

Of his many publications his book Another Sort of Learning ("a reflection on different aspects of lifelong learning") was seen as his best known work.

In 2010, Schall was diagnosed with jaw and bone cancer. He died on April 17, 2019 in Los Gatos, California at age 91.

References

1928 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from bone cancer
Cancer deaths in California
American Roman Catholics
American philosophers
Educators from Iowa
Writers from Iowa
Jean-Jacques Honorat (born April 1, 1931) is a Haitian politician. He was named Prime Minister of Haiti after René Préval was removed following President Jean-Bertrand Aristide removal by a coup in October 1991. He resigned from the office eight months later on June 19, 1992.

References

1931 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Haiti
The Manx pound is the currency of the Isle of Man, in parity with the pound sterling. The Manx pound is divided into 100 pence. Notes and coins, denominated in pounds and pence, are issued by the Isle of Man Government. Their banknotes are £1, £5, £10, £20, £50 and their coins are Penny, Two pence, Five pence, Ten pence, Twenty pence, Fifty pence, £1, £2 and £5. US$1 is equal to 0.773614 IMP (Isle of Man Pound). The central bank of Isle of Man is the Isle of Man Treasury.

Other websites 
 The banknotes of the Isle of Man

Isle of Man
British currency
Neale Francis Daniher  (born 15 February 1961) is a former Australian rules footballer. He played for Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1979 to 1990. He later coached Melbourne Football Club between 1998 and 2007. He also had coaching roles with Essendon, Fremantle and West Coast. His brothers, Terry, Anthony and Chris, also played for Essendon. He was born in West Wyalong, New South Wales.

Daniher was told he had motor neurone disease in 2013. He is now a campaigner for medical research of the disease.

References

Other websites

 Neale Daniher at AFL Tables

1961 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers
Coaches
Order of Australia
Sportspeople from New South Wales
The Chinese Convert is a famous 1687 painting by Godfrey Kneller depicting the Chinese man Michael Alphonsius Shen Fu-Tsung.

17th-century paintings
British paintings
An ocean planet (or ocean world, water world, aquaplanet or panthalassic planet) is a type of terrestrial planet that contains a high amount of water. This may be a planet with ocean covering all of its surface (except maybe at the polar regions, where ice caps may exist), or a planet with a ocean bellow its surface (called a subsurface ocean). 

Ocean planets are also the name of planets that have other types of liquids on them such as liquid ammonia, ethane, or even lava.

Habitation
A ocean planet covered in water may have conditions to support life. This has been questioned though, since some studies suggest that water worlds may not be friendly to life, since elements like phosphorus (a key part to DNA) may be hard to access, since it any be hidden in rocks at the bottom of the planet's oceans. Other problems here may be certain parts of the water cycle not working on an ocean planet, or the low amount of oxygen in the atmosphere. With that being said, there are still possibilities for life on water planets.

Possible ocean worlds

There are a few planets that could be ocean planets. All of these are extrasolar planets. 

Kepler-22b a rocky super-Earth that lies in the habitable zone of its host star. 
Gliese 1214b a super Earth that circles its red dwarf star very close, but a deep ocean may exist under high pressure caused by a strong atmosphere.
Kepler-62e, a rocky Earth-like planet that may be a warm and humid planet. 
At least one of the TRAPPIST-1 planets may be an ocean world. The TRAPPIST-1 system is home to at least seven Earth-sized planets. 

Several of the moons in the solar system may have oceans bellow their surfaces, which would make them ocean moons. One such example is Europa, one of Jupiter's moons.

References

Types of planet
A crop top (or a belly shirt, tummy top, or half shirt) is a kind of shirt. Crop tops do not cover all of the middle section of the wearer's body. A person wearing a crop top will have part of their belly and back showing. There are many kinds of crop tops, and most styles show the wearer's belly button. Other styles can show the wearer's waist, or the bottom of their ribs.

Crop tops are popular in the Western world. They are common in areas with a warm climate.

Crop tops were popular in the 1990s when movie actresses and female pop music singers wore them. They are popular again in the 2010s.

Crop tops are seen as trendy and attractive.

A crop top does not keep the wearer's middle section warm because they do not cover all of it. So, crop tops are more comfortable for hot weather and exercising.

Other types 

There is a way to make a temporary crop top with a normal shirt. The wearer can lift their shirt to show as much of their belly as they want, and then make it stay like that by tying the lifted end of the shirt into a knot. This is a common and flexible alternative to a regular crop top.

Low-rise pants or mini skirts are sometimes worn with a crop top. This shows more skin beneath the wearer's belly button.

Tops (clothing)
Carl John Neumann (September 11, 1950 – April 23, 2019), nicknamed "Johnny Reb", was an American professional basketball player and coach. He played in the shooting guard and small forward positions. He stood at 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) and weighed 200 lb (91 kg) in his playing career. He played for Memphis Pros / Tams, Utah Stars, Virginia Squires, Indiana Pacers, Kentucky Colonels, Buffalo Braves, Los Angeles Lakers and Pallacanestro Cantù. He later coached in Belgium, Greece, Cyprus, Israel, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, China, Japan and in the U.S. minor league. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee.

Neumann died of cancer on April 23, 2019 in Oxford, Mississippi. He was 68.

References

Other websites

 Johnny Neumann at Basketball-Reference.com

1951 births
2019 deaths
American basketball players
Cancer deaths in the United States
Coaches
Disease-related deaths in Mississippi
Indiana Pacers players
Los Angeles Lakers players
Sportspeople from Memphis, Tennessee
Aston Donald McEachin  (born October 10, 1961) is an American politician and lawyer. He is the U.S. Representative from Virginia's 4th congressional district since 2017.

McEachin is a Democrat. He was in the Virginia House of Delegates (1996–2002; 2006–2008).

McEachin ran for Congress for the open seat of Virginia's 4th congressional district vacated by Republican Randy Forbes in 2016 and won the general election with 57.3% of the votes.

In 2001, he was the Democratic Party's nominee for Attorney General of Virginia, but he lost the election to Jerry Kilgore.

References

1961 births
Living people
Lawyers from Virginia
United States representatives from Virginia
US Democratic Party politicians
Børge Rosenbaum (3 January 1909 – 23 December 2000), known professionally as Victor Borge ( ), was a Danish-American comedian, conductor, and pianist. He was known for his radio and television works in the United States and Europe.

Borge was known as "The Clown Prince of Denmark". His best known work was in Comedy in Music, which became the longest running one-man show in the history of theater with 849 performances, a feat which placed it in the Guinness Book of World Records. He was born in Copenhagen.

In 1999, he received the Kennedy Center Honors.

Borge died on 23 December 2000 in his sleep in Greenwich, Connecticut following a concert, aged 91.

References

Other websites

 Victor Borge Official website
 

Kennedy Center honorees
1909 births
2000 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Danish musicians
American conductors
American pianists
Musicians from Connecticut
Comedians from Connecticut
People from Greenwich, Connecticut
People from Copenhagen
Jewish American musicians
Refugees from Nazism
Victims of Nazism
Henry Benton Sayler (January 16, 1921 – May 26, 2021) was an American politician. He was born in Savannah, Georgia. Sayler was in the Florida State Senate from 1967 to 1971 and 1973 to 1978, as a member of the Republican Party (20th district and 21st district).

Sayler turned 100 in January 2021 and died four months later on May 26, 2021 in St. Petersburg, Florida.

References

1921 births
2021 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Lawyers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Florida
People from Savannah, Georgia
US Republican Party politicians
The Phi Beta Kappa Society (ΦΒΚ) is the oldest academic honor society in the United States. It is respected by many people. due to its long history and academic selectivity. The purpose of Phi Beta Kappa is to improve study and research in the liberal arts and sciences. The society wants to have outstanding students of arts and sciences at American colleges and universities as members. It started at the College of William and Mary on December 5, 1776 as the first Greek-letter fraternity at a college and was one of the earliest collegiate fraternal societies.

Phi Beta Kappa () stands for  (), which means "Love of wisdom is the guide of life".

References
Aluf Dan Tolkowsky (or Tolkovsky, ; born January 17, 1921) is a retired Israeli military officer. He was commander of the Israeli Air Force from 1953 to 1958. He was born in Tel Aviv.

References

Other websites
 Jews from Palestine are sent to the RAF pilot course in Rhodesia, IAF Official Site. Accessed June 9, 2006.

1921 births
Living people
Israeli military people
Aviators
People from Tel Aviv
The Gandalf Awards honor excellent writing in fantasy literature. The World Science Fiction Society gave the awards each year from 1974 to 1981. They were named for Gandalf the wizard from the Middle-earth stories by J. R. R. Tolkien. The award was started and sponsored by Lin Carter and the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA). People at the World Science Fiction Conventions voted to choose the winners. They used the same rules as the older Hugo Awards.

The awards were given in two categories: one, for life achievement, and two, for a book published the year before.

Gandalf Grand Master Award
The Gandalf Grand Master Award for life achievement in fantasy writing was awarded every year from 1974 to 1981. The first winner was J. R. R. Tolkien who had died recently in 1973.

The next four Grand Masters were all members of the SAGA: Fritz Leiber, L. Sprague de Camp, Andre Norton, and Poul Anderson. The last three were Ursula K. Le Guin, Ray Bradbury, and C. L. Moore. 
1974 - J. R. R. Tolkien
1975 - Fritz Leiber
1976 - L. Sprague de Camp
1977 - Andre Norton
1978 - Poul Anderson
1979 - Ursula K. Le Guin
1980 - Ray Bradbury
1981 - C. L. Moore
There was no voting in 1981.

Gandalf Award for Book-Length Fantasy
The Gandalf Award for Book-Length Fantasy was awarded only in 1978 and 1979. Again the first winner was Tolkien. The winning book was The Silmarillion with Christopher Tolkien as editor. The second was The White Dragon by Anne McCaffrey. Fantasy fiction often wins the older Hugo Award for Best Novel, so Worldcon organizers thought the Gandalf Award may be a duplicate and this was not awarded again.

1978 - The Silmarillion, J. R. R. Tolkien, edited by Christopher Tolkien
1979 - The White Dragon, Anne McCaffrey

References

Awards
Robert L. "Bob" Cardenas (born March 10, 1920) is a retired Mexican-American brigadier general of the United States Air Force. He was born in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, but raised in San Diego, California. He served in World War II and the Vietnam War.

In 1983, President Ronald Reagan appointed him California coordinator for Southwest Border Economic Action Group. In 1985, he was appointed to Chairman of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Advisory Group by California Governor George Deukmejian.

In 2015, he was added into the National Aviation Hall of Fame.

References

Other websites
 Personal Biography
 Detailed unofficial website by Derek Horne (friend of General Cardenas) 
 

1920 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American generals
American military personnel of World War II
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Mexican military people
People from San Diego, California
William Alvin "Tex" Moncrief Jr. (March 27, 1920 – December 29, 2021) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He worked in the oil and gas sector. He was President of Moncrief Oil, and was a billionaire member of the 2006 Forbes 400, with an estimated net worth of US$1 billion.

Moncrief died on December 29, 2021 in Fort Worth, Texas at the age of 101.

References

Other websites
William Moncrief ranked #374 on 2006 Forbes 400
Brief interview with Forbes

1920 births
2021 deaths
American billionaires
American centenarians
Businesspeople from Fort Worth, Texas
The Avengers is a 1998 American action and spy movie. It comes from the British television series of the same name.

Plot
John Steed, the agent of the Ministry, completes a training course. Dr. Emma Peel gets a phone call telling her to go to a gentlemen's club. She meets Steed for the first time there. The two head off to the Ministry to meet Mother. Mother tells them the Prospero project-a try to change the weather-was sabotaged by Emma Peel. Dr. Peel says she's innocent. She is then sent to work with Steed to find the real suspect.

Steed and Emma follow a lead to the Wonderland Weather. It's a business that creates heat or other weather with a special machine. Steed and Emma find two dead men in teddy bear suits. Members of a secret organization led by Sir August de Wynter wear teddy bear suits to disguise their identities. However, one of them looks like another Emma Peel. Steed arrives in time to save the real Emma Peel.

Steed and Emma go off and visit de Wynter at his mansion. But then, they are attacked by mechanical bees. Alice, a Ministry agent, helps Steed and Emma flee. However, de Wynter catches Emma as she tries to escape though finds herself trapped.

It is later revealed that the other Emma Peel is a clone. Father and the Peel clone catch the real Emma Peel. They're angrily met by Mother. Mother is then incapacitated.

Father and Peel's clone take the real Emma to a hot air balloon. Father and Peel's clone die when the balloon crashes and explodes. Invisible Jones learns de Wynter is using the Prospero instruments on a secret island. Steed and Emma arrive at the island to stop him.

Cast
 Ralph Fiennes as John Steed, a British Ministry agent
 Uma Thurman as Emma Peel, Scientist, Ministry agent
 Sean Connery as Sir August de Wynter, a weather scientist and a terrorist 
 Jim Broadbent as Mother, Director of the Ministry
 Fiona Shaw as Father, Deputy Director of the Ministry, ally of Sir August
 Eddie Izzard as Bailey, Sir August's henchman
 Eileen Atkins as Alice, a Ministry Agent
 Carmen Ejogo as Brenda, a Ministry Agent, Mother's aide
 John Wood as Trubshaw, Steed's tailor
 Keeley Hawes as Tamara, Agent of Sir August
 Patrick Macnee (voice) as Invisible Jones, a Ministry Agent
  Lorraine McBride as Nun

Critical response
The Avengers was hated by many movie critics. The Rotten Tomatoes gave this movie a 5% rating, meaning "rotten". The Metacritic rated the movie at 12/100. That rating meant "overwhelming dislike".

The movie won two awards: one Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Remake or Sequel, and a Stinkers Bad Movie Award for Worst Resurrection of a TV show.

Awards

References

1998 action movies
1998 thriller movies
1990s action thriller movies
1990s spy movies
American action thriller movies
American spy movies
Ronald Isley (born May 21, 1941) is an American recording artist, songwriter and record producer. He is the founding member and lead singer of the R&B group the Isley Brothers.

Isley received a Legend Award at the Soul Train Music Award.

Isley was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.

References 

American R&B singers
Musicians from Cincinnati, Ohio
African American musicians
American singer-songwriters
Singers from Cincinnati, Ohio
1941 births
Living people
Writers from Cincinnati, Ohio
The Treaty of Amiens (French: paix d'Amiens) temporarily ended hostilities between France and the United Kingdom during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was signed in the city of Amiens on 25 March 1802 (4 Germinal X in the French Republican Calendar) by Joseph Bonaparte and Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace". The consequent peace lasted for only one year (18 May 1803) and was the only period of general peace in Europe between 1793 and 1814.

Under the treaty, Britain recognised the French Republic. Together with the Treaty of Lunéville (1801), the Treaty of Amiens marked the end of the Second Coalition, which had waged war against Revolutionary France since 1798.

Treaties
Amiens
History of France
History of England
In mathematics, Skewes’ number (10101034) is a theorized number in which once you surpass this number, the rarity of prime numbers decreases.

Recent studies show this tipping point to be much lower.

Number theory
Wet'n'Wild Hawaii is a Hawaiian-themed water park. It is located in Kapolei, on the island of Oahu. Wet'n'Wild is currently the only water park in the state of Hawaii. It is owned by the global Wet 'n Wild brand, and is one of their seven operating parks. Around the time WhiteWater World began construction in 1995, it was reported

Rides 
In order to cater to park attendees, Wet'n'Wild develops new rides and takes some out of service. One of the more recent rides includes the Tornado, while rides such as the Cliffhanger went out of service.

A list of rides include:

 Big Kahuna
 Cutter's Island
 Da FlowRider
 Hawaiian Waters
 Island Adventure Golf
 Kapolei Kooler
 Keiki Kove
 O-Hana Highway
 Shaka
 Surfsliders
 Tornado
 Volcano Express
 Waianae Coasters
 Waimea Whirl
 Water World

Hawaii
Microsoft Visual C++ is a coding environment made by Microsoft, mainly used for coding in C and C++. The software provides helpful tools for programmers, such as a debugging tool to help find bugs in written code. The program is available in both trial and free versions.

Some programs require the Visual C++ library package to be installed on the computer in order to run in the first place.

The previous version of Visual C++ was called Microsoft C/C++, originally used to compile code written in C. The first version of Microsoft Visual C++ was officially released in February of 1993.

The product was first created as an environment for C programming, however it only supported the original C library rather than the C99 revision. In 2013, Visual C++ included support for various C99 features, however it was not until 2015 that Visual C++ included full support of the C99 standard library. The C11 revision that replaced the C99 revision is still not supported in recent versions of Visual C++, however the company has plans to add them in future versions.

References

Other websites

 
 Building Win32 Applications Using Visual C++ 2005 Express
 Visual C++ Tools and Templates in Visual Studio Editions
 Visual C++ standalone build tools
 Microsoft's 'Going Native' Channel Nine show
 Rejuvenating the Microsoft C/C++ Compiler , September 2015

Microsoft
An overhead projector (OHP) is a device that allows you to display images from either a computer/laptop or images created in real time. Overhead projectors were often used in classrooms to showcase some type of presentation on paper for a group of students to view and in more recent times, overhead projectors are being used/designed to project things on technological devices. This machine has a plastic frame that would be placed on top of the projector, and a fan that cools the machine from overheating if used for long periods of time.
Recently, overhead projectors in classrooms and conference rooms are being replaced by things like document cameras and interactive whiteboards since they let the presenter to project video directly from a computer file. 
The device has sometimes been called a "Belshazzar", after Belshazzar's feast.

History 
Before this device was built, there were machines similar to its use called magic lanterns that was made before the overhead projector.
French scientist Edmund Becquerel developed the first known overhead projection machine in 1853. It was used by Jules Duboscq in 1866. During World War II, overhead projectors were introduced into U.S. military training. After that, they were used at schools. Overhead projectors began to be widely used in schools and businesses in the late 1950s and early 1960s. As the need for overhead projects grew during the 1950’s a company named Bruhl industries was founded in 1953, which created more overhead projectors than anyone else.

Display technology
Machines
Heavy equipment are heavy-duty vehicles. They are specially designed for completing construction tasks involving digging. Other known names for heavy equipment are heavy machines, heavy trucks, construction equipment, engineering equipment, heavy vehicles, or heavy hydraulics. They are typically operated by skilled workers that have gone through specialized training. While many categories of equipment utilizes continuous tracks for rough conditions, others favor tires when possible for their greater mobility. The tires selected play a significant role on the production of the project and the cost of the heavy equipment. These three types of tires include, transport for earthmoving machines, work for slow moving earthmoving machines, and load and carry for transporting as well as digging. Heavy equipment applies leverage, like other simple machines (levers, pulleys, etc.), to multiply the effectiveness of the energy put in. The majority of these machines use diesel power to complete tasks.

Construction
An external combustion engine (EC engine) is an engine which converts heated fluid into kinetic energy. The heated fluid, called working fluid, can be air, hot water, pressurized water or liquid sodium which is heated in a boiler. The fluid used to power the engine is cooled and reused in a closed cycle and the fluid is dumped in an open cycle.

Idea
Any combustion engine follows the basic idea of converting fossil fuels into motion. Internal combustion engines do this by converting the energy created by an explosion of the fossil fuels, into motion. External combustion engines, on the other hand, use the energy from burning fossil fuels to expand a gas or liquid and use the expansion to create motion. The addition of this intermediate step is what differentiates an internal vs. external combustion engine. External combustion engines came first, and tend to be more inefficient. Famous examples of external combustion engines are steam engines

Types
There are two types of external combustion: single phase and dual phase. In a single phase engine, the fossil fuels are burned to heat up a gas, which then expands and creates motion. In this case, there is no phase change.

With dual phase, you need one additional mechanism known as a phase transition. This process transforms the phase of liquid to gas. This converts temperature to usable work. Some common examples that use dual-phase engines are steam engines and engines that use Organic Rankine Cycle.

Engineering
A novelty song is a type of song that is meant to be funny, usually because of silly lyrics or lyrics that don't make a lot of sense. A song is considered a novelty song when it uses strange lyrics, strange music, out-of-the-ordinary subject matter, or any combination of the above. However, not all comedic songs are novelty songs.

Novelty songs are often parodies, mocking or poking fun at a popular topic or fad.

Songs
The silky anteater (Cyclopes didactylus), also called the pygmy anteater, is the smallest species of anteater. It is found in southern Mexico and Central/South America. The silky anteater is active at night and lives alone in trees. One of its most noticeable features are the two large claws on each of its front paws, which it uses to cling to branches and defend itself. It can use its tail to grasp things. It has soft yellow to grey fur. 

Like other anteaters, it is an insectivore (eats mainly insects) and like to eat ants.

Mammals of South America
Xenarthrans
John Joseph "Hondo" Havlicek (April 8, 1940 – April 25, 2019) was an American professional basketball player. He played as a small forward or a shooting guard. He spent 16 seasons (1962–1978) playing for the Boston Celtics in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He won eight NBA championships with the Celtics. Four of his championship wins came in his first four seasons from 1963 to 1966. His other championships came in 1968, 1969, 1974 and 1976. He won a total of 13 NBA All-Star Games. In 1984, he was made a member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. He was born in Martins Ferry, Ohio.

Havlicek had Parkinson's disease for the final years of his life. He died on April 25, 2019 in Jupiter, Florida, at the age of 79.

References

Other websites

1940 births
2019 deaths
American basketball players
Boston Celtics players
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Florida
Sportspeople from Ohio
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
This is an alphabetical list of countries by past and projected gross domestic product (nominal) as ranked by the IMF.

UN estimates between 1970 and 1979
The following Table is based on UN GDP data.

IMF estimates between 1980 and 1989

IMF estimates between 1990 and 1999

IMF estimates between 2000 and 2009

IMF estimates between 2010 and 2019

IMF estimates between 2020 and 2024

CIA estimates in 1990 
GDP (Nominal) data in 1990, with some countries only GNP (Nominal) was provided by the CIA World Factbook.

Achievement of trillions in GDP 

The following is a list of countries reaching a certain threshold of nominal GDP in a specific year according to International Monetary Fund, United Nations, and World Bank.

Long term GDP estimates
The following table provides GDP estimates for the 20 largest economies from 2016 to 2050 made by UK based PricewaterhouseCoopers in February 2017.

The following table provides GDP estimates for the 50 largest economies in 2033 made by UK based Center for Business and Economic Research in December 2018.

References

nominal
Carpenter Brut is a music artist from France who makes retro 1980s style music, mostly known as Synthwave.

He released three EPs in 2015, followed by an album released in 2017 called Leather Teeth.
Fallout is a video game series created in 1997 by a company named Interplay. It was later bought by Bethesda Softworks. The games in the series are Fallout, which was made in 1997, Fallout 2, which was published in 1998, Fallout: Tactics, made in 2001, Fallout 3, made in 2008, Fallout: New Vegas, made in 2010, Fallout 4, made in 2015, and Fallout 76, published in 2018.

References

Other websites
 The Fallout Wiki

 
Video game series
Greg Allen Theakston (November 21, 1953 – April 22, 2019), also known as Earl P. Wooten, was an American comics artist and illustrator. He worked for many publishers. He founded his own publisher, Pure Imagination, in 1975. He was also known for creating "Theakstonizing" for comics reprinting. He was an illustrator for Mad for ten years. He worked on projects for Marvel Comics, DC Comics, Image Comics, Warren Comics, New York Daily News, Archie Comics, Galaxy Science Fiction, National Lampoon, The New York Times, Kitchen Sink, Playboy, TV Guide and Rolling Stone.

Theakston was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died on April 22, 2019, at the age of 65.

References

Other websites

 

1953 births
2019 deaths
American comics artists
American illustrators
People from Detroit, Michigan
The Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) is a species of eagle-owl that is found in Eurasia. It is also called the European eagle-owl. In Europe, it is just called the eagle-owl.

It is one of the largest species of owl. Females grow to a total length of 75 cm (30 in), with a wingspan of 188 cm (6 ft 2 in); males are slightly smaller. The bird has distinctive ear tufts.

The Eurasian eagle-owl is found in many habitats, but is mostly a bird of mountainous regions or other rocky areas, often near woodland edge and shrubs or wetlands to hunt their prey.

References

Strigiformes
Sergey Valentinovich Pogorelov (; 2 June 1974 – 24 April 2019) was a Russian team handball player. He won a gold medal in team handball with the national team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He also won a bronze medal with Russia in team handball at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. He was born in Volgograd.

Pogorelov died in Volgograd on 24 April 2019, at the age of 44.

References

Other websites
 Sergey Pogorelov  at Sports-Reference.com

1974 births
2019 deaths
2000 Summer Olympics
2004 Summer Olympics
Handball
Olympic bronze medalists
Olympic gold medalists
Russian sportspeople
Volgograd
Zoran Maroević (27 April 1942 – 24 April 2019) was a Yugoslav basketball player. He won a silver medal with the Yugoslav national basketball team at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. He was born in Matulji. He died on 24 April 2019, three days before his 77th birthday.

References

Other websites
 Zoran Marojević  at Sports-Reference.com

1942 births
2019 deaths
1968 Summer Olympics
Basketball players
Olympic silver medalists
Yugoslavian sportspeople
Robbert de Greef (27 August 1991 – 25 April 2019) was a Dutch cyclist. He was a member of the Alecto Cycling Team. He won the 2017 Kernen Omloop Echt-Susteren. He also finished second in the 2019 Ronde van Drenthe. He was born in Geldrop, North Brabant.

De Greef had a heart attack riding in the Omloop van de Braakman race. He was taken to a hospital in Antwerp and was put into a coma. He died more than three weeks later on 25 April 2019 of a brain haemorrhage. He was 27.

References

Other websites

 Robbert de Greef at ProCyclingStats

1991 births
2019 deaths
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Belgium
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Dutch cyclists
Sportspeople from North Brabant
Nasser Farbod (‎; 27 April 1922 – 26 April 2019) was an Iranian political activist and military officer. He served as the Chief-of-Staff of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army from 27 March 1979 until his resignation on 12 July 1979. He was born in Tehran.

Farbod died on 26 April 2019, at the age of 96.

References

1922 births
2019 deaths
Iranian military people
People from Tehran
Political activists
Ellen Schwiers (11 June 1930 – 26 April 2019) was a German actress. Her acting career lasted from 1949 to 2015. She acted in plays by Friedrich Dürrenmatt and Max Frisch at the Schauspielhaus Zürich. She appeared as the Buhlschaft in Jedermann at the Salzburg Festival. She also acted in over 200 movies and television series. Some of her screen roles include When the Bells Sound Clearly, The Inheritance of Bjorndal, God's Thunder and Tatort. In 1989, she was awarded an Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Schwiers was born in Stettin, Pomerania, which is now the Polish city of Szczecin. She was married to Peter Jacob from 1956 until his death in 1992. The couple had two children.

On 26 April 2019, Schwiers died in Starnberg, Bavaria. She was 88.

References

Other websites

 
 

1930 births
2019 deaths
German movie actors
German stage actors
German television actors
Lorenzo Quinteros (14 June 1945 – 23 April 2019) was an Argentine actor. His first movie roles was in Alianza para el progreso (1971). He later appeared in the movies Man Facing Southeast (1986), Last Scenes from the Shipwreck (1989), A Wall of Silence (1993), The Act in Question (1994), Buenos Aires Vice Versa (1996), The Adventures of God (2000) and Valentín (2002). In 2009, he was cast as Marquis de Sade in an Argentine version of Peter Weiss' Marat/Sade.

Quinteros was born in Monte Buey, Córdoba Province. He died at a hospital in Buenos Aires on 23 April 2019. He was 73.

References

Other websites
 

1945 births
2019 deaths
Argentine movie actors
Argentine television actors
Argentine stage actors
Feargal Quinn (27 November 1936 – 24 April 2019) was an Irish businessman, politician and television personality. He founded the Superquinn supermarket chain. He served as a Senator for the National University of Ireland constituency from 1993 to 2016. He also did television work for Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ). He was born in Dublin.

After a short illness, Quinn died on 24 April 2019 in Dublin. He was 82.

References

1936 births
2019 deaths
Irish businesspeople
Irish philanthropists
Disease-related deaths in the Republic of Ireland
Former members of Seanad Éireann
Irish television personalities
People from Dublin
James Banks (September 2, 1964 – April 26, 2019) was an American soccer player. He played as a defender.

Banks was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In college, he played for the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee's Milwaukee Panthers from 1983 to 1987. Between 1987 and 1993, he played indoor soccer for Milwaukee Wave. He played for the United States from 1986 to 1991. He played 36 games for his country, including two at the 1990 FIFA World Cup.

Banks died of pancreatic cancer on April 26, 2019 in Milwaukee. He was 54.

References

Other websites
 

1964 births
2019 deaths
1990 FIFA World Cup players
American soccer players
Cancer deaths in the United States
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Disease-related deaths in Wisconsin
American soccer coaches
Sportspeople from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
"Me!" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It features vocals from American singer Brendon Urie, known for being the lead singer of the band Panic! At the Disco.  The song was released on April 26, 2019, as the lead single from Swift's seventh studio album, Lover.  Swift and Urie wrote the song with Joel Little, Swift produced the song with Little (known for his work with Swift's friend, New Zealand singer-songwriter Lorde).

Swift revealed a countdown to April 26 with a pink and blue, cotton-candy colored theme on her Instagram story.  It contained the hashtag #426, which was the release date of a project that was unknown at the time.

So far, the song has gotten to number one on the iTunes charts of nearly 50 countries.

It entered at #100 on the Billboard Hot 100 for the week ending May 4, 2019. The song jumped to #2 the following week, behind "Old Town Road" by Lil Nas X featuring Billy Ray Cyrus.  It broke the record for the biggest jump on the chart in a week (98 positions), beating Kelly Clarkson's "My Life Would Suck Without You" (96 positions, from #97 to #1).

Charts

References 

2019 songs
Taylor Swift songs
Pop songs
John David Jackson (born November 18, 1977), known professionally as Fabolous, is an American rapper from Brooklyn, New York City.

Other websites

1977 births
Living people
Musicians from Brooklyn
Hachette Book Group (HBG) is the third largest trade and educational publishing company in the world. Hachette Livre owns the Hachette Book Group. Lagardère Group owns Hachette Livre. HBG started when Hachette Livre bought the Time Warner Book Group from Time Warner on March 31, 2006. Its headquarters are at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Hachette is one of the big-five publishing companies, along with Holtzbrinck/Macmillan, Penguin Random House, HarperCollins, and Simon & Schuster. In one year, HBG publishes about 1400+ books for adults (including 50-100 digital-only titles), 300 books for young readers, and 450 audio books. In 2016, the company had 214 books on the New York Times bestseller list, 44 of which reached #1.

Imprints 
 Grand Central Publishing
 Little, Brown and Company
 Little, Brown Books for Young Readers
 Hachette Books
 Hachette Nashville
 Orbit Books
 Perseus Books
 Hachette Audio

References

Other websites
 Hachette Book Group website

2006 establishments in New York (state)
Publishing companies of the United States
Companies based in New York City
The Authors Guild is America's oldest and largest professional organization for writers. It works to protect free expression and copyright. It started in 1912 as the Authors League of America. Notable authors of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry have been board members. It has over 9,000 members. These members get legal advice and guidance on contracts with publishers as well as insurance and help with licensing and royalties.

Conflict with Google 
On September 20, 2005, the Authors Guild, together with Herbert Mitgang, Betty Miles and Daniel Hoffman, sued Google for its Book Search project. The Authors Guild said Google was breaking the law by making digital copies of books that were still in copyright. (Google countered that their use was fair according to US copyright law.)

On October 28, 2008, the Authors Guild, the Association of American Publishers, and Google announced an agreement.  Google would pay $125 million, $45 million to rightsholders whose books were scanned without permission. The Google Book Search Settlement Agreement allowed for legal protection for Google's scanning project. But both sides still said the other was wrong about copyright law. The Settlement also would have started a new regulatory organization, the Book Rights Registry, which would decide how fees from Google went to rightsholders.

The settlement between the Authors guild and Google was rejected in 2011 by a judge at the district court level. The judge thought the settlement was not good for the authors.

In October 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit sided with Google. The court said that scanning and posting parts of works online was Fair Use and did not harm the authors.

In late December 2015, the Authors Guild filed a writ of certiorari with the Supreme Court against Google over copyright laws. which in April 2016 did not review the case, leaving the lower court's decision as correct.

References

Other websites 
 The Authors Guild website
 
  Authors sue Google over book plan

1910s establishments in New York (state)
1912 establishments in the United States
Organizations based in the United States
New York City
Kenneth J. Rothman (October 11, 1935 – April 26, 2019) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He served as the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Missouri from 1981 to 1985. He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1963 to 1981. He also served as the Speaker of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1977 to 1981. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri to Jewish family.

Rothman died on April 26, 2019 in St. Louis, at the age of 83.

References

1935 births
2019 deaths
Lawyers from St. Louis, Missouri
Jewish American politicians
Politicians from St. Louis, Missouri
US Democratic Party politicians
Meana Sardo (Meàna) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,813 people lived there. Its area is 73.8 km². It is 588 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
San Gavino Monreale (Santu 'Èngiu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 8,671 people lived there. Its area is 87.4 km². It is 54 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Padria (Pàdria) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 633 people lived there. Its area is 48.39 km². It is 304 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Padru (Pàdru, Pàtru) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,121 people lived there. Its area is 158 km². It is 160 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Pattada (Patàda) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 3,084 people lived there. Its area is 164.88 km². It is 794 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Perdasdefogu (Foghèsu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,937 people lived there. Its area is 77.75 km². It is 600 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Perfugas (Pèifugas, Pèlfica) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,383 people lived there. Its area is 60.88 km². It is 90 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Ploaghe (Piàghe) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 4,538 people lived there. Its area is 96.27 km². It is 427 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Porto Torres (Posthudòrra, Portu Tùrre, Poltu Tùrri) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 22,306 people lived there. Its area is 104.41 km². It is 5 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Posada (Pasàda) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,967 people lived there. Its area is 32.77 km². It is 37 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Pozzomaggiore (Pottumajòre, Pottumaggiòre) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,617 people lived there. Its area is 78.77 km². It is 438 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Putifigari (Potuvìgari) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 729 people lived there. Its area is 53.1 km². It is 267 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Riola Sardo (Arriòra) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,151 people lived there. Its area is 48.11 km². It is 9 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Ruinas (Arruìnas) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 667 people lived there. Its area is 30.46 km². It is 359 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Sadali (Sàdili) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 988 people lived there. Its area is 49.61 km². It is 765 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Sagama (Sàgama) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 200 people lived there. Its area is 11.72 km². It is 333 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Samassi (Samàssi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 5,196 people lived there. Its area is 42.04 km². It is 56 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Samatzai (Samatzài) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,680 people lived there. Its area is 31.16 km². It is 174 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
Samugheo (Samughèo) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 3,030 people lived there. Its area is 81.28 km². It is 370 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia
San Basilio (Santu 'Asìli 'e mònti) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,238 people lived there. Its area is 44.63 km². It is 415 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites 

Communes of Sardinia