cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Il macigno (The Rock) is an Italian opera in two or three acts, music by Victor de Sabata and libretto by Alberto Colantuoni, It was first performed in Milan, on March 31, 1917. Then in 1935 in Turin, the work was renamed with the title changed to Driada, unfortunately the score disappeared in the fire bombing of the World War II in Milan in 1943, but remained a score for voice and piano, and the complete libretto.

Principal characters

 Driada - soprano
 Ibetto - tenor
 Martano - baritone
 Gian della Tolfa - bass

Structure of opera

Act I 
 Preludio e Introduzione : Chi gunge per Santa Palazia? (Coro, Lionetta, Martano)
 Empirò la tua soglia (Lionetta, Driada, Coro)
 Fiata il vespro sui clivi (Coro)
 Driada, Driada! (Martano, Driada, Búttaro)
 Posa il tuo ferro (Gian della Tolfa, Coro, Martano)
 Per la sera fasciata (Driada, Ibetto)
 A la catasta! (Martano, Driada, Ibetto)

Act II; Part One 
 Levata, s'è la stella – Driada (Ibetto, Driada)
 Scendono! – E la pieve rintocca a mattutino (Lionetta, Donne)
 Genti del monte (Gian della Tolfa, Priore, Coro)
 Falce, mia falce! – (Martano)
 Orsù disciogliete l'abbraccio! (Gian della Tolfa, Martano, Coro, Allodio Fosca, Gancitello)

Act II; Part Two or Act III 
 Giunto sei? (Gianni Ocricchio, Gabaldo di Norcia, Smozzato, Fusco Cammarese, Ibetto)
 Immota sei ma viva, creatura?! (Ibetto, Driada)
 Ah no! È febbre! Follia! (Ibetto, Driada, Martano, Coro)

References 

1917
1910s operas
A neoplasm (or neoplasm) is tissue that is growing where it should not be. If they become a mass, they become a tumour. Tumours are either malignant (harmful) or benign (safe).  Cancer, for example is malignant and sometimes spreads to other places on the body. Some tumours have a cause that makes them grow. For some tumours no cause is known. A tumour usually forms as a lump or mass.  

The Tasmanian Devils in Tasmania, Australia are in danger of becoming extinct because of a malignant tumour that grows on their face.

References 

Health problems
Illnesses
Diseases
The Lockheed P-3 Orion is a Lockheed made four engined aircaft with varitions such as the P-3K, P-3C, P-3As and more. Mostly used as Maritime patrol aircraft due to the probe located at the rear of the aircraft where you would find the APU on other Aircraft. The aircraft runs on Rolls Royce Allison T56-A-14 engine with Hamilton Standard 54H60-77 propeller.

References

Aircraft
Newton Norman Minow (born January 17, 1926) is an American attorney and former Chair of the Federal Communications Commission.  His speech calling to television as a "vast wasteland" is still used even as the speech has passed its 50th anniversary.

While still maintaining a law practice, Minow is currently the Honorary Consul General of Singapore in Chicago.

Minow has been active in Democratic party politics.  He is an influential attorney in private practice concerning telecommunications law and is active in many nonprofit, civic, and educational institutions.

President Barack Obama named him a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom for 2016.

References

Other websites

 Complete text and audio of the "Vast Wasteland" speech from AmericanRhetoric.com
 
 American Lawyer "Lifetime Achievement" Award 
 An excerpt from Inside the Presidential Debates: Their Improbable Past and Promising Future
 Newton N. Minow Papers at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research 
 

1926 births
Living people
Lawyers from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
American activists
Democrats (United States)
Businesspeople from Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Businesspeople from Chicago
Chairmen of the Federal Communications Commission
Lawyers from Chicago
Richard Lawrence Garwin (born April 19, 1928) is an American physicist. He is widely known to be the author of the first hydrogen bomb design.

Garwin was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He received his bachelor's degree from the Case Institute of Technology in 1947, and two years later his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago under the supervision of Enrico Fermi.

In 2016, President Barack Obama honored Garwin with a Presidential Medal of Freedom.

References

Other websites

Annotated Bibliography for Richard Garwin from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues 
Richard Garwin's personal web site
Garwin Archive
Oral History interview transcript with Richard Garwin 23 October 1986, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
Oral History interview transcript with Richard Garwin 7 June 2001, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
Oral History interview transcript with Richard Garwin 24 June 1991, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
Garwin , documentary on Richard Garwin's life and work

1928 births
Living people
American physicians
Scientists from Cleveland, Ohio
Vasily Fyodorovich Borisov (; born 12 December 1922) is a retired Soviet rifle shooter. 

He competed at the 1956 and 1960 Olympics in five individual events and won a gold, a silver and a bronze medal. 

Between 1954 and 1966 Borisov won more than 20 medals at the world championships. At the 1954 World Championships, Borisov and his teammate Anatoli Bogdanov won 13 medals each, cleansweeping most rifle events.

References

Other websites

1922 births
Living people
Sport shooters
Russian sportspeople
Ukrainian sportspeople
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Soviet Olympic silver medalists
Olympic bronze medalists
Four the Record is the fifth studio album by Miranda Lambert. The album was released on November 1, 2011 through RCA Records Nashville.

2011 albums
Ingeborg Rapoport (September 2, 1912 – March 23, 2017) was a German pediatrician. She was an important figure in East German medicine and, at age 102, the oldest person to receive a Doctorate degree.

Early life
Rapoport was born as Ingeborg Syllm in September 1912 to Protestant German parents in Kribi, Cameroon, a German colony at this time.

Medical career
Rapoport studied medicine in Hamburg at the University of Hamburg in Nazi-Germany, but was denied a medical degree because her mother was Jewish. She fled Nazi persecution and immigrated to the United States in 1938, where she completed her education in medicine. 

In the early 1950s, as a result of an investigation of her and her husband for un-American activities, she left the United States and eventually, after staying in Vienna for a year, moved to the GDR (East Germany). She became the first chair of neonatology in whole Germany and retired in 1973. She was a member of the Socialist Unity Party of East Germany.

Honors and awards
In East Germany, Rapoport received Habilitation in 1959. She was awarded the National Prize of East Germany as well as other awards. As a pediatrician, she helped to considerably reduce infant mortality in East Germany, which, during her active years was even lower than in West Germany.

In 2015, the Faculty of Medicine of Hamburg University corrected the injustice of the Nazi regime and awarded her a medical degree after an oral examination. She became the oldest person to receive a Doctorate degree at the age of 102.

Personal life
Rapoport was married to Samuel Mitja Rapoport, whom she met in Cincinnati, Ohio. They had four children. Samuel died in 2004. She lived in Berlin. Rapoport turned 100 in September 2012.

Rapoport died on 23 March 2017 at her home in Berlin at the age of 104.

References

Other websites

1912 births
2017 deaths
East German people
German centenarians
German doctors
Jewish centenarians
Jewish German academics
Jewish German scientists
Refugees from Nazism
Socialists
Roger Wilkins (March 25, 1932 – March 26, 2017) was an African-American civil rights leader, professor of history, and journalist. He was a journalist for The Crisis and for a short time wrote for The Washington Post. Between 1966 and 1969, Wilkins served as the United States Assistant Attorney General during the Lyndon B. Johnson presidency. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a history professor at George Mason University. 

In the 1990s, Wilkins was an anti-apartheid activist and strong supporter of Nelson Mandela. He protested many times for Mandela's release in South Africa during that time period.

Wilkins was a political writer and was known for writing Jefferson's Pillow: The Founding Fathers and the Dilemma of Black Patriotism (2001).

Wilkins was born in Kansas City, Missouri. He was raised in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan. He was married to Patricia King until his death. They lived in Washington, D.C..

Wilkins died on March 26, 2017 in Kensington, Maryland from complications of dementia, aged 85.

References

Other websites

Booknotes interview with Wilkins on Jefferson's Pillow: The Founding Fathers and the Dilemma of Black Patriotism, August 12, 2001. 

1932 births
2017 deaths
African American politicians
African American writers
American academics
American civil rights activists
American historians
American journalists
American political writers
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in Maryland
Politicians from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Politicians from Kansas City, Missouri
Writers from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Writers from Kansas City, Missouri
Educators from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Educators from Kansas City, Missouri
Dame Penelope Margaret Lively DBE FRSL (born 17 March 1933) is an English writer of fiction for both children and adults. She has won both the Booker Prize (Moon Tiger, 1987) and the Carnegie Medal for British children's books (The Ghost of Thomas Kempe, 1973).

Lively is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.  She is also a Vice-President of the Friends of the British Library.

References

Other websites
 Audio slideshow interview  about Family Album on The Interview Online

Booker Prize winners
1933 births
Living people
English novelists
English children's writers
People from Cairo
Carl Celian Icahn (born February 16, 1936) is an American business magnate, investor, activist shareholder, and philanthropist. He is the founder and majority shareholder of Icahn Enterprises, a diversified conglomerate holding company based in New York City, formerly known as American Real Estate Partners. Icahn is also Chairman of Federal-Mogul, an American developer of vehicle safety products.

Early life
Icahn was born in a Jewish family  in New York City. He studied at Princeton University and at New York University.

Business career
In the 1980s Icahn became known as a "corporate raider" after profiting from the hostile takeover and asset stripping of the American airline TWA.

Icahn has held many controlling positions in many corporations, including RJR Nabisco, TWA, Texaco, Phillips Petroleum, Western Union, Gulf & Western, Viacom, Uniroyal, Dan River, Marshall Field's, E-II (Culligan and Samsonite), American Can, USX, Marvel Comics, Revlon, Imclone, Federal-Mogul, Fairmont Hotels, Blockbuster, Kerr-McGee, Time Warner, Netflix, Motorola, and Herbalife.

Political roles
Icahn endorsed Donald Trump for the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Trump announced in October 2015 that he would nominate Icahn for Treasury Secretary if he were to be elected. However, this position went to Steve Mnuchin instead.

On December 21, 2016, it was announced that Icahn would serve as Special Advisor to the President on Regulatory Reform under President Donald Trump. Icahn stepped down from the role in August 2017.

Personal life
From 1979 through 1999, Icahn was married to Liba Trejbal. In 1999, he married Gail Golden. He has two children including businessman Brett Icahn.

References

Other websites
 
 Profile of Carl Icahn – Forbes

1936 births
Living people
American activists
American billionaires
American chief executives
American Jews
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from New York City
Jewish activists
Jewish billionaires
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish philanthropists
New York University alumni
Princeton University alumni
Real estate developers
This is a list of Dutch cabinets after World War II.

Cabinets

Political parties 
 ARP - Anti-Revolutionary Party (Dutch: Anti-Revolutionaire Partij), a predecessor of the CDA.
 CDA - Christian Democratic Appeal (Dutch: Christen-Democratisch Appèl), a Christian democratic party.
 CHU - Christian Historical Union  (Dutch: Christelijk-Historische Unie), a predecessor of the CDA.
 CU - ChristianUnion (Dutch: ChristenUnie), an orthodox Christian democratic party.
 D66 - Democrats 66 (Dutch: Democraten 66), a social liberal party, founded in 1966.
 DS'70 - Democratic Socialists 1970 (Dutch: Democratisch-Socialisten 1970 ), a split from the PvdA.
 KVP - Catholic People's Party (Dutch: Katholieke Volkspartij), a predecessor of the CDA.
 LPF - Pim Fortuyn List (Dutch: Lijst Pim Fortuyn), a former populist party established by the in 2002 murdered politician Pim Fortuyn.
 PPR - Political Party of Radicals (Dutch: Politieke Partij Radicalen), a predecessor of GreenLeft (GL).
 PvdA - Labour Party (Dutch: Partij van de Arbeid), a social democratic party. 
 PVV - Party for Freedom (Dutch: Partij voor de Vrijheid), a populist party, established by Geert Wilders.
 SDAP - Social Democratic Workers' Party (Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij), a predecessor of the PvdA.
 VDB - Free-thinking Democratic League (Dutch: Vrijzinnig-Democratische Bond), a predecessor of D66.
 VVD - People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (Dutch: Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie), a conservative liberal party.

Related pages 
 Politics of the Netherlands

References 
 www.parlement.com
In the Old Testament of the Bible, Cain is the son of Adam and Eve: he murdered his brother Abel.

Cain was first and thoroughly a devout and faithful man of god, until his weakened mind was manipulated by Satan. 

(or Samael (Sammael , Sam-ael ) depending on which version of the written word is referenced, Samael can be a seperate entity; the bringer of death, or another name for Lucifer)

Cain, stricken with jealousy that his loving God would choose one man over another, allowed The Snake's words to twist his sanity and in a fit of rage he slaughtered his brother Abel.

References

Old Testament people
Infanta Alicia of Spain, Dowager Duchess of Calabria (née: Princess of Bourbon-Parma; given names: Alicia Maria Teresa Francesca Luisa Pia Anna Valeria; 13 November 1917 – 28 March 2017) was a daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. 

Alicia was Duchess of Calabria through her marriage to Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria (1901–1964). She bore the title of Infanta of Spain from 1936, and took part in some of the activities that the Spanish Royal Family organises. 

Alicia was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary and died in Madrid, Spain.

References

1917 births
2017 deaths
People from Vienna
Princes and princesses
Spanish people
Christine Maria Kaufmann (11 January 1945 – 28 March 2017) was a German-Austrian actress, author, and businesswoman. She won the Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actress in 1961, the first German to be so honoured.

Kaufmann was known for her roles in The White Horse Inn (1952), Rose-Girl Resli (1954), The Last Days of Pompeii (1959), Town Without Pity (1961) and in Escape from East Berlin (1962).

At age 18 in 1963, Kaufmann married Tony Curtis. They had two daughters, Alexandra and Allegra. The couple divorced in 1968.

Kaufmann was called the "most beautiful grandmother in Germany".

Kaufmann died on 28 March 2017 in Munich from leukemia at the age of 72.

References

Other websites

 
 

Golden Globe Award winning actors
1945 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Cancer deaths in Germany
German movie actors
German television actors
German writers
German businesspeople
Austrian businesspeople
Austrian movie actors
Austrian television actors
Austrian writers
People from Styria
Sir William Macpherson of Cluny (William Alan Macpherson; 1 April 1926 – 14 February 2021) was a Scottish High Court judge. He served as the 27th Hereditary Chief of the Clan Macpherson. In the late 1990s, Macpherson led the public inquiry into the murder of Stephen Lawrence.

Macpherson was born in Blairgowrie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. He studied at Summer Fields School, a preparatory school near Oxford. He later studied at Wellington College in Crowthorne and Trinity College, Oxford.

Macpherson died on 14 February 2021, aged 94.

References

1926 births
2021 deaths
Scottish judges
Scottish politicians
Alaa Murabit (born October 26, 1989) is a Canadian physician and leading international activist for peace processes. Murabit is an UN High-Level Commissioner on Health Employment and Economic Growth and one of only 17 Sustainable Development Goal Global Advocates appointed by the UN Secretary General.

Advocacy
Murabit is an Ashoka fellow, and the youngest recipient of the Marisa Bellisario International Humanitarian Award by the Italian Government, named the “International Trust Women Hero 2014” by The New York Times, “One of 25 women under 25 to watch” by Newsweek, a “100 Top Woman” by the BBC and the SAFE Global Hero.

Murabit’s TED Talk, released in July 2015, “What my religion really says about women” was selected as the TED Talk of the Day and one of four moving TED Talks you should watch right now by The New York Times.

Murabit received her Medical Doctorate in from the University of Zawiya in 2013. She went on to receive a Masters in International Strategy and Diplomacy with Distinction from the LSE in 2016 where her research focused on securitization processes, with a dissertation titled "White Man’s Burden: Disease, Security and the Stigmatisation of the Periphery".

Positions
In July 2016 Alaa was selected as an MIT Director’s Fellow and in January 2017 was named as a 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 for her work in Healthcare. In March 2017 she was appointed a Malala Fund board member.

References

Other websites
 http://webtv.un.org/watch/alaa-murabit-ngo-voice-of-libyan-women-on-women-peace-and-security-security-council-7533rd-meeting/4555308972001

1989 births
Living people
Human rights activists
People from Saskatoon
BBC 100 Women
William McPherson (March 16, 1933 – March 28, 2017) was an American writer and journalist. He is the author of two novels, Testing the Current and To the Sargasso Sea, and many articles, essays, and book reviews. McPherson was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Distinguished Criticism in 1977. He worked as a journalist for The Washington Post during his journalist career.

McPherson died at a medical center in Washington, D.C. on March 28, 2017 from complications of congestive heart failure and pneumonia, aged 84.

References

Other websites
McPherson's blog at Tumblr

Pulitzer Prize winners
1933 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Deaths from pneumonia
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Washington, D.C.
American journalists
American critics
Writers from Michigan
Enn Vetemaa (June 20, 1936 – March 28, 2017) was an Estonian writer sometimes called as a "forgotten classic"  as well as "the unofficial master of the Estonian Modernist short novel".

Vetemaa published Small Novells : Tiredness (Усталость) (1967), Väike reekviem suupillile (written in 1967, printed in 1968), Munad hiina moodi (English: Chinese Eggs) (written – 1967–1969, printed – 1972). All together Vetemaa wrote ten "short novels" 

Vetemaa worked as a playwright. His play Õhtusöök viiele (Dinner for Five), first performed in 1972, and the comedy Püha Susanna ehk Meistrite kool (Saint Susanna or the School of Masters), first performed in 1974, showed Vetemaa’s sharp eye and witty lines; texts without which Estonian Theatre History would not be complete.

Vetemaa was born in Tallinn, Estonia. He died in Tallinn on March 28, 2017, aged 80.

References

Other websites

 Biography and Russian Translations of Vetemaa's works 

1936 births
2017 deaths
Novelists
Playwrights
People from Tallinn
Willem "Wim" Schermerhorn (December 17, 1894 in Akersloot - March 10, 1977 in Haarlem) was a Dutch politician.

He was originally a member of the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) and later of the Labour Party (PvdA).

He was prime minister of the Netherlands from 1945 till 1946, a member of the Second Chamber from 1948 till 1951, and a member of the First Chamber from 1951 till 1965.

Schermerhorn studied civil engineering at Delft University of Technology, and was also a professor at this university.

During World War II he performed important resistance activities, and had been imprisoned as a hostage for some time.

Schermerhorn belonged to the Remonstrant Church. He died in 1977, aged 83.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1894 births
1977 deaths
Dutch academics
Dutch engineers
Dutch people of World War II
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
Politicians from North Holland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Prisoners
Remonstrants
In classical mythology, Narcissus was a beautiful hunter from Boetia. The most popular myth about him features him falling in love with his own reflection in a pool of water, which he stared at until he died. His name is the origin of the term narcissism, which means a fixation a person has with their own appearance.

People in Greek mythology
Narcissism is a condition in which a person admires their own attributes through vanity or egotism. The term is derived from Narcissus, a figure from classical mythology who fell in love with the sight of his own face.

Related pages
 Arrogance
 Confidence
 Dunning–Kruger effect
 Megalomania

Psychology
Delft University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Delft), shortened to TU Delft, is a technical public university in Delft, a city in the province of South Holland, the Netherlands. It is the oldest and largest technical university in the Netherlands. It was established as a Royal Academy in 1842 to facilitate the education of civil engineers. It is the school that rapidly expanded its education curriculum and became a polytechnic school in 1864.

Later in 1905, it became an institute of technology, gaining full university rights. And, it got its current name in the year 1986. Further, in 2019, the university was ranked amongst the top 20 best universities for engineering and technology internationally and received the highest rank in the Netherlands.

With an area of around 161 hectares, the campus of the university is larger than Delft's city center and is considered one amongst the largest university campuses worldwide. It has about 21,000 students.

References

Other websites 

  

1842 establishments
Delft
Technical colleges and universities in the Netherlands
19th-century establishments in the Netherlands
1840s establishments in Europe
Lilian Janse-van der Weele (born 1973 in Flushing) is a Dutch politician.

She has been a member of the municipal council of Flushing (Vlissingen in Dutch) since 2014, and also the first female politician of the Reformed Political Party (SGP).

References 
  Vlissingen Website 

1973 births
Living people
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch councillors
Dutch women politicians
People from Vlissingen
Politicians from Zeeland
Reformed Political Party politicians
Bellac () is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is a subprefecture of the Haute-Vienne department. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of the same name.

Geography
The city of Bellac is near the Monts de Blond (some hills that are part of the Massif Central), in the northwest of the department. The Vincou river (a tributary of the Gartempe) flows through the city.

Bellac is at about  from Limoges,  from Poitiers,  from Angoulême,  from Bordeaux and  from Paris.

The commune has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The commune of Bellac is surrounded by the communes:

Climate
The climate of Bellac, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Bellac are known, in French, as  Bellachons (women: Bellachonnes), or as Bellacquais (women: Bellacquaises).

With a population of 4,117, Bellac has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Bellac

Bellac forms, with Peyrat-de-Bellac, the urban area of Bellac with a population of 5,281 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Bellac, formed by Bellac and Peyrat-de-Bellac, with a population of 5,281 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .

Administration 
Bellac is a subprefecture of the Haute-Vienne department, the capital of the arrondissement of Bellac and the administrative centre () of the canton of Bellac, with 18,178  inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Le Haut-Limousin en Marche ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Bellac is twinned with:
  Wassertrüdingen, Germany
  Sifoe, Gambia

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Bellac
 Communes of the Haute-Vienne department

References

Other websites

 City Council website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Haute-Vienne
Castilleja is an all-girls school in Palo Alto, California. It was founded in 1907 by Mary Lockey.  Castilleja is the only non-religious all-girls middle and high school in the San Francisco Bay Area. It goes from grades 6-12. Each grade has an average of 60 students. The school’s motto is “Women Learning. Women Leading.”

The schedule 
The schedule for the school rotates on a 5-day basis from Monday to Friday. Each class connects with a number. On any given day, there might be a different combination of numbers. The school day starts at 8:00 AM and 3:15 PM. Every Wednesday, there is something called Late Start. This means that the school day starts one hour later.

Uniform 
Every girl at Castilleja is required to wear a school uniform. There is a blue skirt or navy blue pants, and either a navy, red, or white polo. For the fitness class, the girls have to wear black shorts or leggings and a uniform shirt.

Middle School 
The girls learn multiple subjects in middle school. Middle school goes through 6th, 7th, and 8th grade. Every student learns a language. They can learn either Spanish, French, or Mandarin. They take Fitness and Wellness. They learn physical and mental lessons. The students also are required to take English, history, math, and science. Each subject class consists of 14-15 students and one or two teachers.

High School 
The high schoolers can take a variety of classes, available on a course catalog. Classes vary depending on the level. Students can take APs or regular level courses.

Schools in California
1907 establishments in the United States
1900s establishments in California
Castilleja, commonly known as Indian paintbrush or prairie-fire, is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, northern Asia, and one species as far west as the Kola Peninsula in northwestern Russia.

Symbolism
Castilleja linariifolia is the state flower of Wyoming.

Selected species

References

Further reading

Other websites
  Native Plant Information Network: Listing of species in the Castilleja genus.
Jepson Manual - taxonomic description of the genus.

Parasitic plants
Lamiales genera
Linda Nolan (born 23 February 1959) is an Irish singer and actress. She is known as a member of the girl group The Nolans in 1974, along with her sisters Anne, Denise, Maureen, Bernie and Coleen.

As a member of the Nolans, she toured with Frank Sinatra in 1975, had seven UK top 20 hits (1979–82) and won the Tokyo Music Festival in 1981.

On 7 July 2014, she claimed that she was sexually assaulted by Rolf Harris in 1975 while The Nolans were supporting Harris in a tour of South Africa.

In March 2017, Nolan accidentally collapsed and broke her hip at home. During examination of her broken hip, she was diagnosed with an "incurable" form of cancer near her hip.

References

1959 births
Living people
People with cancer
Breast cancer survivors
Irish singers
Irish television actors
Actors from Dublin
Kim Wyman (born July 15, 1962) is an American politician. She is the 15th and current Secretary of State of Washington, having won in the 2012 and 2016 state elections. Between 2012 and 2016, she was the only Republican elected to statewide office on the West Coast. 

In March 2017, Wyman was diagnosed with an early form of colon cancer.

References

Other websites
 Campaign website 
 
 Kim Wyman at Project Vote Smart
 
 
 Profile  from Thurston County

1962 births
Living people
People with cancer
Politicians from California
Politicians from Washington
People from Long Beach, California
US Republican Party politicians
Armando Nieto Vélez  (October 24, 1931 – March 27, 2017) was a jesuit priest and Peruvian historian. He was born in Lima, Peru.

Nieto was professor of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. He was ordained a priest by the Society of Jesus, in Frankfurt am Main Cathedral, on August 28, 1964.  He was also the Director of the Peruvian Center of Studies Historic-Militar, Director of Riva Agüero Institute and President of National Academy of History.

Nieto died on March 27, 2017 in Lima from pneumonia, aged 85.

Related pages
List of historians by continent

References

1931 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Historians
Jesuits
Roman Catholic priests
People from Lima
Andrew Mokete Mlangeni (6 June 1925 – 21 July 2020) was a South African political activist and anti-Apartheid activist. Along with Nelson Mandela and others, he was held as part of the Rivonia Trial. He was sentenced to life at Robben Island. He was born in Soweto. After his release from prison, he served as a member of parliament for the ANC from 1994 to 1999.

Mlangeni died on 21 July 2020 at a military hospital in Pretoria from an intestinal blockage, aged 95.

References

Other websites
 Mandela and Mlangeni

1925 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from bowel obstruction
South African politicians
Activists
Denis Theodore Goldberg (11 April 1933 – 29 April 2020) was a South African social campaigner of Jewish descent. As a member of the South African Communist Party he was active in the struggle against apartheid and was imprisoned along with other key members of the anti-apartheid movement such as Nelson Mandela at Robben Island.

After the first non-racial elections in South Africa, Goldberg founded the development organisation Community H.E.A.R.T. in London in 1995 to help to improve the living standards of black South Africans. With the support of German friends, he established Community H.E.A.R.T. e.V. in Essen, Germany in 1996.

Goldberg returned to South Africa in 2002 and was appointed Special Adviser to MP Ronnie Kasrils, Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry until 2004. In 2010 he published his autobiography, The Mission: A Life for Freedom in South Africa (STE Publishers, Johannesburg).

Goldberg was diagnosed with stage-4 lung cancer in July 2019 while on a tour in Germany. He died from the disease in Cape Town on 29 April 2020, aged 87.

References

Other websites
Community H.E.A.R.T. .

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
People associated with Apartheid
Communists
Jewish activists
People from Cape Town
Prisoners
South African Jews
White South African people
Louis Joseph Maria Beel (April 12, 1902 in Roermond - February 11, 1977 in Utrecht) was a Dutch politician.

He was a member of the Roman-Catholic State Party (RKSP) and later on of its post-war successor the Catholic People's Party (KVP) (a predecessor of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA)).

Beel was prime minister from 1946 to 1948, and again from 1958 to 1959. He was also a government minister and a deputy prime minister. Both in 1946 and in 1948 he was a member of the Second Chamber for a short time.

He studied law at the Radboud University Nijmegen, and was also a professor in administrative law and public administration theory at the same university.

Beel was a Roman Catholic. He died in 1977, aged 74.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1902 births
1977 deaths
Catholic People's Party politicians
Dutch academics
Dutch civil servants
Dutch jurists
Dutch Roman Catholics
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Politicians from Limburg (Netherlands)
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
There were ten plagues in Egypt at the time of the Exodus:
They were:
 Water turned into blood
 Frogs
 Lice
 Flies
 Diseased livestock 
 Painful Boils
 Thunderstorm of hail
 Locusts
 Darkness for three days
 Death of firstborn sons

Old Testament
Barend Willem Biesheuvel (April 5, 1920 in Haarlemmerliede - April 29, 2001 in Haarlem) was a Dutch politician of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP).

Biesheuvel was prime minister from 1971 to 1973. He was also a deputy prime minister, a government minister, a member-parliamentary leader of the Second Chamber and a member of the European Parliament.

He studied law at the Free University Amsterdam.

Biesheuvel was a Reformed Christian. He died in 2001, aged 81.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1920 births
2001 deaths
Anti-Revolutionary Party politicians
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch jurists
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Former MEPs
Government ministers of the Netherlands
MEPs for the Netherlands
Politicians from North Holland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Jelle Zijlstra (Augustus 27, 1918 in Oosterbierum - December 23, 2001 in Wassenaar) was a Dutch economist and a politician of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP).

Zijlstra studied economics at the Erasmus University Rotterdam and was a economics professor at the Free University Amsterdam.

He was prime minister from 1966 to 1967. He was also a government minister, a member-parliamentary leader of the Second Chamber and a member of the First Chamber.

After his political career he was president of De Nederlandsche Bank, the Dutch central bank.

Zijlstra was a Reformed Christian. He died in 2001, aged 83.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1918 births
2001 deaths
Anti-Revolutionary Party politicians
Bankers
Dutch academics
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch economists
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
Politicians from Friesland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Donald Harvey (April 15, 1952 – March 30, 2017) was an American serial killer. He claimed to have murdered 87 people, though official estimates are that he has from 37 to 57 victims. 

Harvey said he started out killing to "ease the pain" of patients. As time progressed, he began to enjoy it more and more and became a self-described "angel of death". Harvey was serving 28 life sentences at the Toledo Correctional Institution in Toledo, Ohio, having pleaded guilty to murder charges to avoid the death penalty. His inmate number was A199449.

On March 28, 2017, authorities reported that Harvey had been found in his cell severely beaten. He died on March 30, 2017.

He is killed by James D Elliot.

References

Other websites
 Donald Harvey  at The Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction
 Angel of Death: The Donald Harvey Story archived from <crimelibrary>
 CBS NEWS Donald Harvey Found Severely Beaten Mar. 29, 2017
 'Angel of Death' serial killer dies after attack in prison

1952 births
2017 deaths
Deaths by beating
Murdered criminals
American murder victims
People murdered in the United States
People who died in prison custody in the United States
American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
American serial killers
Criminals from Ohio
Paul Anthony Mitchell (August 10, 1920 – March 11, 2017) was an American football defensive end and tackle. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. 

Mitchell played two seasons with the New York Yanks of the National Football League. He played college football at the University of Minnesota where he was an All-American. Mitchell also played in the All-America Football Conference for the Los Angeles Dons from 1946 to 1948, and for the New York Yankees from 1948 to 1950.

Mitchell died in Palos Verdes Peninsula, California on March 11, 2017 at the age of 96.

References

1920 births
2017 deaths
American football players
Sportspeople from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Ken Sparks (February 25, 1944 – March 29, 2017) was an American football coach and player. He was born in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Career 
Sparks served as the head football coach at Carson–Newman University in Jefferson City, Tennessee from 1980 until his retirement at the end of the 2016 season. He was the record-holder for the most wins as a coach in NCAA Division II history.  He won five NAIA Championships (1983–1984, 1986, 1988–1989). He retired on November 2016.

Death 
Sparks died March 29, 2017 in Knoxville from prostate cancer, aged 73.

References

Other websites
 Carson–Newman profile 

1944 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Cancer deaths in Tennessee
American football players
American football coaches
Sportspeople from Tennessee
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg, ForMemRS (; October 4, 1916 – November 8, 2009) was a Soviet and Russian theoretical physicist, astrophysicist, and winner of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was of Jewish descent.

Ginzburg was a member of the Soviet and Russian Academies of Sciences and one of the fathers of the Soviet hydrogen bomb. He was the successor to Igor Tamm as head of the Department of Theoretical Physics of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FIAN), and an outspoken atheist.

Ginzburg died in Moscow on November 8, 2009 from cardiac arrest, aged 93.

References

Other websites

Vitaly L. Ginzburg , Autobiography in English at Nobelprize.org
Ginzburg's homepage 
Curriculum Vitae
Open letter to the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir V. Putin
Obituary The Daily Telegraph 11 Nov 2009.
Obituary The Independent November 14, 2009 (by Martin Childs).
 Biography
 Obituary

1916 births
2009 deaths
Astrophysicists
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Jewish academics
Jewish atheists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Jewish scientists
Jewish Wolf Prize winners
People from Moscow
Russian academics
Russian Jews
Soviet Jews
Russian theoretical physicists
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (; June 25, 1928 – March 29, 2017) was a Russian and American theoretical physicist. His works were in the field of condensed matter physics.

Abrikosov was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003 for his study on superconductor and superfluidity.

He was of Jewish descent.

References

Other websites

1928 births
2017 deaths
American Nobel Prize winners
American theoretical physicists
Disease-related deaths in California
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Moscow
Russian academics
Russian Jews
Soviet Jews
Russian theoretical physicists
Educators from California
Darlene Cates (Rita Darlene Guthrie; December 13, 1947 – March 26, 2017) was an American actress. She played the obese housebound mother in the 1993 movie What's Eating Gilbert Grape. Cates died of a heart attack on March 26, 2017.

References

Other websites

1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Texas
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Dallas, Texas
Todor "Toše" Proeski (25 January 1981 – 16 October 2007) was a Macedonian multi-genre singer, songwriter and actor. He was popular across the entire Balkan area and was considered a top act of the local Macedonian music scene. He was dubbed "Elvis Presley of the Balkans" by BBC News. He died in a car crash on Zagreb–Lipovac A3 highway, near Nova Gradiška in Croatia at the age of 26.

People from North Macedonia
1981 births
2007 deaths
Singers
Victor Gerard Marie "Vic" Marijnen (February 21, 1917 in Arnhem - April 5, 1975 in The Hague) was a Dutch politician of the Catholic People's Party (KVP).

Marijnen studied law at Radboud University Nijmegen.  He worked at the trade and agricultural departments, and was secretary of Catholic employers' organizations.

From 1959 to 1963 he was government minister of Agriculture and Fishery. From 1963 to 1965 he prime minister of the so-called Marijnen cabinet. From 1965 to 1966 he was an MP. From 1968 till his death he was mayor of The Hague.

Marijnen was a Roman Catholic. He died in 1975, aged 58.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1917 births
1975 deaths
Catholic People's Party politicians
Dutch civil servants
Dutch jurists
Dutch mayors
Dutch Roman Catholics
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
People from Arnhem
Politicians from Gelderland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Jan Eduard de Quay (August 26, 1901 in 's-Hertogenbosch – July 4, 1985 in Beers) was a Dutch politician of the Catholic People's Party (KVP).

De Quay studied psychology at Utrecht University and was a professor at Tilburg University.

During the beginning of World War II - from 1940 to 1941 - he was one of the three leaders of the Dutch Union ("Nederlandsche Unie"). This political movement wanted to unite the Dutch people considering the changed situation due to the German occupation. In December 1941 the Dutch Union was forbidden by the Germans.

From mid 1942 to mid 1943 the German occupier imprisoned him in Kamp Sint-Michielsgestel. Afterwards he went in hiding in the south of the Netherlands till the liberation of that part of the country in 1944.

Around the end of the war he was defense minister for a couple of months. Because of his wartime activities (prime) minister Willem Drees didn't want him to  include in his cabinets.

Because of this he was queen's commissioner of the province of North Brabant from 1946 to 1959.

In 1959 he returned to national politics as prime minister of the De Quay cabinet. It consisted of the three Christian parties (Anti-Revolutionary Party, Catholic People's Party and Christian Historical Union) and the conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy. The cabinet lasted till 1963.

Three years later, he became transport and water management minister and also deputy prime minister in the Zijlstra cabinet. This government lasted only a year.

In the meantime he was a senator (1963-1966) and also afterwards (1967-1969).

De Quay was a Roman Catholic. He died in 1985, aged 83.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1901 births
1985 deaths
Catholic People's Party politicians
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch academics
Dutch activists
Dutch people of World War II
Dutch provincial politicians
Dutch Roman Catholics
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Governors
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
People from 's-Hertogenbosch
Political activists
Politicians from North Brabant
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Prisoners
Dutch psychologists
Jozef Maria Laurens Theo "Jo" Cals (July 18, 1914 in Roermond - December 30, 1971 in The Hague) was a Dutch politician of the Catholic People's Party (KVP).

Cals studied law at Radboud University Nijmegen. He worked several years as a lawyer and attorney, at the university mentioned before and  also as a school teacher.

As a councillor of Nijmegen he entered politics in 1945. Three years later he became an MP. He exercised this position till 1948, and again from 1963 to 1965. In between, he was (deputy) government minister of Education, Arts and Sciences. In 1965 he became prime minister of the so-called Cals cabinet, consisting of his own Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolutionairy Party (ARP) and the Labour Party (PvdA). A motion of fellow party member Norbert Schmelzer led to the end of his cabinet in 1966.

Cals was a Roman Catholic. He died in 1971, aged 57.

References 
  Bio at Parlement.com

1914 births
1971 deaths
Catholic People's Party politicians
Deputy government ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch councillors
Dutch jurists
Dutch lawyers
Dutch military personnel of World War II
Dutch Roman Catholics
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Politicians from Limburg (Netherlands)
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Piroska Oszoli (21 January 1919 – 22 March 2017) was a Hungarian painter, is known as The lover of the Danube and the beautiness. She was born and also dead in Dunaföldvár, Hungary. She made especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting.

Her master as an amateur artist was the famous Transylvanian painter Ferenc Doór (1918–2015). After teaching she became a pensioner, and started her painting as an individual artist. 

Oszoli worked all around her village and neighborhood, after in Hungary, at Balaton. She painted natural surroundings in Italy, Croatia, Germany and Norway. Her paintings are present from Austria to New Zealand.

Oszoli died on 22 March 2017 in Dunaföldvár, aged 98.

References

Other websites
 Her C.V. in art from 2001
 Gallery with her 126 paintings

1919 births
2017 deaths
Hungarian people
Painters
Louis Harry Feldman (October 29, 1926 – March 25, 2017) was an American professor of classics and literature. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut, and studied at Trinity College. He was the Abraham Wouk Family Professor of Classics and Literature at Yeshiva University, the institution at which he taught since 1955.

Feldman was a scholar of Hellenistic civilization, specifically the works of Josephus Flavius. Feldman's work on Josephus was widely respected by other scholars.

References

Other websites
 List of Feldman's Scholarly Articles

1926 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in New York City
American historians
American Jews
Educators from Hartford, Connecticut
Writers from Hartford, Connecticut
"All for You" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson.  It is from her album, also called All for You.  The song was released on March 13, 2001.  It became her tenth number-one song in the United States.  It also reached number one in Canada and the top three in France and the United Kingdom. It reached the top ten in several other countries.  It finished as the number-three song of 2001 in the United States.

The song samples the 1980 song "The Glow of Love" by the soul group Change.

Music video 
The song shows Jackson dancing in a train station and in a city with a group of dancers.

References 

Janet Jackson songs
2001 songs
Marilyn McCord Adams (October 12, 1943 – March 22, 2017) was an American philosopher and priest of the Episcopal Church. She specialized in philosophy of religion, philosophical theology and medieval philosophy.

Adams is known for writing her 1999 persuasive narrative Horrendous Evils and the Goodness of God.

Adams was born on October 12, 1943 in the United States. She studied at University of Illinois, at Cornell University, at Princeton Theological Seminary and at Oxford University. She married philosopher Robert Merrihew Adams from 1966 until her death in 2017. 

Adams died on March 22, 2017 in Princeton, New Jersey from cancer, aged 73.

References

Other websites

McCord Adams' faculty page at Oxford University 
Sermon on issues in human sexuality (2004)
Episode of In Our Time (May 2007), "Ockham's Razor", BBC Radio 4.
Interview with Philosophy Bites on evil and optimism
On Adams' "aesthetic" theodicy.

1943 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in New Jersey
American philosophers
Christian clergy
Writers from New Jersey
Robert Merrihew Adams (born September 8, 1937), known to intimates as "Bob", is an American analytic philosopher of metaphysics, religion and morality.

As a historical scholar, Adams has published on the work of the philosophers Søren Kierkegaard and Leibniz. His work in the philosophy of religion includes influential essays on the problem of evil and the relation between theism and ethics.

Adams was married to philosopher Marilyn McCord from 1966 until her death in 2017.

References

Other websites
Gifford Lecture Series 
"Philosophy Takes Steps to Rebuild" , Yale Daily News]

1937 births
Living people
American philosophers
Writers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania