cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Annarita Sidoti (25 July 1970 – 21 May 2015) was an Italian race walker. She was the 1997 world champion. She also won the European Championships twice and the European Indoor Championships once. She competed  in the 1992, 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. She appeared in the 1998 movie Le complici.

Sidoti was born in Gioiosa Marea, Sicily. She was married and had three children.

Sidoti died from breast cancer on 21 May 2015 in Gioiosa Marea. She was 44.

References

Other websites
 
 

1970 births
2015 deaths
1992 Summer Olympics
1996 Summer Olympics
2000 Summer Olympics
Cancer deaths in Italy
Deaths from breast cancer
Italian athletes
Italian Olympians
People from Sicily
Bill O'Herlihy (26 September 1938 – 25 May 2015) was an Irish television broadcaster and public relations executive. His career began in 1965. He worked for Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ), and was best known for his work on RTÉ Sport. He presented for 10 FIFA World Cups and 10 Summer Olympic Games before retiring in 2014. He also appeared in current affairs programs Newsbeat and 7 Days.

O'Herlihy was born in Glasheen, Cork. He was married to Hilary and had two daughters, Jill and Sally. He had an operation in 2007 because of a colon cancer tumour.

O'Herlihy died on 25 May 2015 in Dublin, aged 76.

References

1938 births
2015 deaths
Association football broadcasters
Cancer survivors
Irish television presenters
Olympic Games broadcasters
People from Cork (city)
Eastern Ontario is a subregion of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is a wedge-shaped area between the Ottawa River and the Saint Lawrence River. Quebec is to the north and the U.S. state of New York is to the east and south. The subregion is sometimes called Southeastern Ontario. According to the Canada 2011 Census, it had a population of 1,603,625. It has an area of .

The following counties are in Eastern Ontario:
 Prescott and Russell
 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
 Lanark County
 Renfrew County
 Leeds and Grenville
 Frontenac County
 Lennox and Addington County
Sometimes Hastings County, Prince Edward County, and Northumberland County are also included in Eastern Ontario but usually they are considered part of Central Ontario. Large cities in Eastern Ontario include Ottawa, Cornwall, and Prescott.

French explorers and fur traders were the first Europeans in the subregion. A large number of Franco-Ontarian still live in Eastern Ontario. After the American Revolutionary War, many United Empire Loyalists moved into Eastern Ontario.

Regions of Ontario
Robert Paul "Bob" Kraft (June 16, 1927 – May 26, 2015) was an American astronomer. He performed ground breaking work on Cepheid variables, stellar rotation, novae, and the chemical evolution of the Milky Way. He also served as director of the Lick Observatory (1981–1991), president of the American Astronomical Society (1974–1976), and president of the International Astronomical Union (1997–2000).

Kraft was born in Seattle, Washington. He graduated from the University of Washington and the University of California, Berkeley.

Kraft died on May 26, 2015 in Santa Cruz, California, aged 87.

References

1927 births
2015 deaths
American astronomers
Scientists from Seattle, Washington
Julie Harris (26 March 1921 – 30 May 2015) was a British costume designer. She won an Academy Award for Best Costume Design in 1966 and was nominated for five BAFTAs, winning one in 1967. Her works included Swiss Family Robinson (1960), Psyche 59 (1963), Darling (1965), Help! (1965), The Wrong Box (1966), Casino Royale (1967), The Slipper and the Rose (1976) and Candleshoe (1977). She was born in London.

Harris died after a short illness on 30 May 2015 at a Chelsea, London hospital, aged 94.

References

Other websites
 

1921 births
2015 deaths
Artists from London
Best Costume Design Academy Award winners
BAFTA Award winners
Costume designers
Disease-related deaths in London
Bloomingdale Trail or also known as 606  (The 606 Park and Trail) is an elevated urban trail in Chicago.  It was made by replacing elevated railroad tracks with a path for bicyclists, walkers and runners.

The trail is on Chicago's Northwest Side, at Bloomingdale Ave. (1800N), between Armitage and North. It is 2.7 miles long.  It runs east and west.  The eastern end is at Walsh Park, on Ashland Avenue (1600W).  The park's western end will be at Ridgeway Trailhead (3750W), when Phase 2 is completed.   The official opening was on June 6, 2015.   In September 2020, the City of Chicago officially renamed the trail from  Park 527 to The Bloomingdale Trail. 

The first construction phase of the 606 was completed in 2015. It was developed by the City of Chicago, the city's park district and the Trust for Public Land. The name comes from the first three digits of Chicago's ZIP Code.  "In its original state, it was the elevated Bloomingdale [train] Line, completed in 1915 along Bloomingdale Avenue...."

The trail is about 17.5 feet above street level at its highest point.  Original retaining walls are on each side.  The walls are filled with a subsoil from when the structure was first built.  The ballast and railroad ties and trackes were removed in the conversion to a trail. On top of the subsoil are other soil layers.  These were re-built as part of the conversion.  On top of the soil is an 8-inch layer of concrete.  This top layer is 14 feet wide. In the middle is a 10-foot wide section for bicyclists.  On either side is a 2-foot shoulder for runners and walkers. Beyond the shoulders are planted areas with grass, trees and lighting. At some places, there are benches A fence or railing of varying height runs along the length of the path. There are 17 ramps and one staircase along the trail.

In 2016, the American Planning Association announced that the trail would win the association's 2016 National Planning Excellence Award for Urban Design.

Since its opening, the trail has had a lot of use by walkers, runners and bicyclists.   Local alderman Brian Hopkins the second has advocated extending the trail east across the North Branch of the Chicago River.

The trail has caused the price of houses that are near it to rise.  This rise is much greater west of Western Avenue than east of that street.

Notes

Other websites
 Official site
https://forgottenchicago.com/features/the-bloomingdale-line/

Transport in Chicago
Transport infrastructure
is a third-person shooter video game. It was developed by Nintendo EAD Group No. 2 and published by Nintendo. The game was released on May 28, 2015 in Japan, May 29, 2015 in Europe, May 29, 2015 in North America, and on May 30, 2015 in Australia. It was released for the Wii U. In Splatoon, the player controls a character called an Inkling. They can change between human and squid forms. The object of the game is to shoot colored ink across the game's map and cover the most territory with their team's color before the match ends. By transforming into a squid, it lets players swim through their own colored ink and can even let the player swim up walls and through grates. Hiding in their own ink recharges the players’ ink supply.

Nintendo announced that a series of Splatoon Amiibo figures would be released along with the game, Boy and Girl Inklings are sold separately and a Squid figure is sold only as a bundle with either the game or the two other Amiibos. People who pre-ordered Splatoon at GameStop were given a download voucher that gave them Splatoon-themed Mii costumes to use in Super Smash Bros. For Wii U.

Reception
Splatoon was met with positive reviews. GamesRadar rated the game a 3.5 out of 5 stars. They said that the game was a refreshing take on the shooter genre but criticized some of the features like lobbies and Amibo-locked content. Destructoid rated the game 8.5. Chris Carter of Destructoid, said that "most of (the game's) shortcomings can be forgiven in my mind because of how damn fun it is."

References

Other websites
Official website

2015 video games
Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development games
Nintendo video games
Shooter video games
Video games developed in Japan
Wii U games
Dale Dehaven Myers (January 8, 1922 – May 19, 2015) was an American aerospace engineer for NASA. He served as Deputy Administrator of NASA, serving between October 6, 1986 and May 13, 1989. He was well known for his work on the Apollo program.

Myers was born in Kansas City, Missouri. He graduated from the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington in 1943. He was married to Marge Myers and had two children. He lost his eye in a car accident.

Myers died on May 19, 2015 at his retirement home in La Costa, California. He was 93.

References

1922 births
2015 deaths
Aerospace engineering
Administrators of NASA
Scientists from Kansas City, Missouri
The Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) is a seal that is common in Antarctica. It is named after James Weddell, who discovered it. Estimations are that there are half a million to a million of these animals left, which makes it the most common seal in Antarctica, after the Crabeater seal. During the winter, most Weddel seals do not migrate northwards. Instead, they keep open a hole in the ice, by gnawing it with their teeth.

Notes

Pinnipeds
Joan Elizabeth Kirner  (née Hood; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015) was an Australian politician, educator and activist. She was a Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994. She was the 42nd Premier of Victoria, serving from 10 August 1990 until 6 October 1992. She was also the 21st Deputy Premier of Victoria from 7 February 1989 until 10 August 1990, and Leader of the Opposition of Victoria from 6 October 1992 until March 1993.

Kirner was born in Essendon, Melbourne. She was married to Ronald George Kirner and had three children.

Kirner died from oesophageal cancer on 1 June 2015 in Melbourne, aged 76.

References

1938 births
2015 deaths
Australian activists
Australian educators
Australian Labor Party politicians
Cancer deaths in Victoria (Australia)
Deaths from esophageal cancer
Politicians from Melbourne
Premiers of Victoria

Companions of the Order of Australia
The Rational root theorem  (or rational zero theorem) is a proven idea in mathematics. It says that if the coefficients of a polynomial are integers, then one can find all of the possible rational roots by dividing each factor of the constant term by each factor of the leading coefficient. [1][2]

Think about this polynomial:
anxn + an-1xn-1 + an-2xn-2 + … + a0

All of the possible rational roots are these: ±factors of a0 / ±factors of an

This only finds the rational roots. There may be imaginary roots. Other theorems, such as Descartes’ rule of signs, help find how many imaginary roots there are for a given equation. [1]

Example 
Think about this polynomial: 15x4 + 2x3 – 10x2 + x – 8

Factors of the leading coefficient are: 15: ±1,±3,±5,±15

Factors of the constant are: -8: ±1,±2,±4,±8

Possible rational roots are: ±1/1, ±2/1, ±4/1, ±8/1, ±1/3, ±2/3, ±4/3, ±8/3, ±1/5, ±2/5, ±4/5, ±8/5, ±1/15, ±2/15, ±4/15, ±8/15

References 
Larson, Ron. Algebra 2. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2007. Print.
Phillip S. Jones, Jack D. Bedient: The historical roots of elementary mathematics. Dover 	Courier Publications 1998, , pp. 116–117

Algebra
Mathematical theorems
Yaroslavl is a Russian city on the Volga River, the capital and the largest city of Yaroslavl oblast. It was founded in 1010. It is one of the largest cities in Russia. The city's centre is a World Heritage Site. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow.

Related pages 
 List of cities and towns in Russia

References

Capital cities in Russia
Lhasa (; ) is a city in Tibet. It is one of the highest cities in the world. It has many Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang and Norbulingka.

References

Cities in China
Tibet
Battlefield Hardline is a first-person shooter video game. It is published by Electronic Arts. It was released in March 2015 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. Unlike the earlier games in the Battlefield series, Hardline is about crime, heist and police force, instead of military warfare.

Gameplay 
Battlefield Hardline focuses on a different aspect of the first person shooter than the other games in its series while Battlefield 2,3, and 4 focus on the American and Russian military, Battlefield Hardline now focuses on the war on crime in America. The new game now features two different teams with cops and criminals. Both sides now receive guns and gadgets specific to their team. So while the criminal would get an AKM the cops will get a M16A3.

The game features a bunch of new game modes and a bunch of different maps.

New maps

Dustbowl
A small hillbilly-like town focused around one big house in the middle of the map that is secretly a meth lab.

Downtown
A big open downtown city of Miami; this map has many open streets and tall skyscrapers.

Grow house
A big warehouse that has a secret underground marijuana farm that police are trying to seize.

Bank job
A map representing the average bank which criminals try to rob. The map also consists of a parking garage and a few local stores.

Everglades
A map that is centered around a swamp and an oil refinery.

Riptide
A map focused on a big mansion which is on an island surrounded by ocean.

Hollywood Heights
A map focused on a giant mansion which criminals are trying to loot.

The Block
A map centered around an apartment complex in a ghetto neighborhood.

Classes
The game features 4 classes; operator, mechanic, enforcer and professional. Each are good in their own areas.

Operator
A class whose primary weapons are assault rifles and carbines. Its secondary weapons consists of nine millimeter pistols. Its role in the game is as the medic of the team with gadgets like the medic bag to heal hurt teammates and the revive gadgets to bring dead teammates back to life. This class does especially well at medium to short range. The most notable weapons for this class are the M16A3, M416, AKM, and the G17.

Mechanic
A class whose primary weapons are sub-machine guns. Secondary weapons are revolvers. Its role in the game is to destroy enemy vehicles and heal friendly vehicles. It has gadgets such as the grenade launcher to hurt enemy cars and the repair tool to heal friendly cars. The mechanic works best at close range. The most notable weapons for the mechanic are the K10, MPX, and the .357 RS.

References 
 

Battlefield video games
Video games developed in Sweden
Bodrum Castle (), formerly the Castle of St. Peter, is located in southwest Turkey in the port city of Bodrum (), was built from 1402 onwards, by the Knights Hospitaller as the Castle of St. Peter or Petronium. The castle was completed in 1522. It was used as a jail in 19th century. There are 5 towers of Bodrum Castle.

History 

The headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller were on the island of Rhodes. In 1402 their fortifications at İzmir fell to the Mongols under Tamerlane. Threatened by an invasion of the Seljuks they built the castle at Bodrum. Its location was the site of a fortification during the Doric Greek period. There was also a small Seljuk castle in the 11th century. The same promontory is also the probable site of the palace of Mausolos. He was the king of Caria. The construction of the castle began in 1404. It was fully fortified by 1460. Bodrum came under its final siege in 1522. At the time it was still strong enough to send men to Rhodes. After Rhodes fell, the castle surrendered.

Museum of Underwater Archaeology 
The Museum of Underwater Archaeology is housed inside the castle. One of its displays is one of the world's oldest ships believed to come from the 6th century. Another is called the glass shipwreck due to the large number of bottles it was carrying.

Bibliography 
Bodream, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, Anagramme Ed., 2010.

References

Other websites 

 Bodrum Castle

Buildings and structures in Turkey
Sharsheret (Hebrew for “chain") is a national not-for-profit organization. It was created to support young Jewish women with breast cancer, or their families. It was founded by Rochelle Shoretz in 2001. Their headquarter is in Teaneck, New Jersey.

Other websites
Sharsheret Homepage

Non-profit organizations of the United States
2001 establishments in the United States
New Jersey
Monford Merrill "Monte" Irvin (February 25, 1919 – January 11, 2016) was a former left fielder and right fielder in the Negro leagues and Major League Baseball (MLB).

He played with the Newark Eagles (1938–42, 46-48), New York Giants (1949–55) and Chicago Cubs (1956). He grew up in New Jersey and was a standout football player at Lincoln University. Irvin left Lincoln to spend several seasons in Negro league baseball. His career was interrupted by military service from 1943 to 1945.

Irvin died at his home in Houston, Texas from natural causes on January 11, 2016 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites

St. Petersburg Times  - Profile
cmgww.com - Official website
legacymemorybank.org  - Monte Irvin interview on Martin Luther King, Jr.

1919 births
2016 deaths
African-American baseball players
Chicago Cubs players
Deaths from natural causes
New York Giants players
Sportspeople from Alabama
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Boyd Kenneth Packer (September 10, 1924 – July 3, 2015) was an American religious leader and former educator. He was the president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Packer was born in Brigham City, Utah. He studied at Utah State University and at Brigham Young University. Packer was married to Donna Smith. They had ten children.

He served as Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve from 1994 to 2008, and was an apostle and member of the Quorum of the Twelve from April 1970 until his death in July 2015.

Packer has served as a general authority of the church since 1961. Before his death, he was the second most senior apostle among the ranks of the church.

Packer died of natural causes at his home in Cottonwood Heights, Utah, aged 90.

References

Other websites

Boyd K. Packer, official church profile.
Boyd K. Packer, Mormon Newsroom Leader Biographies.
Boyd K. Packer , Church News
Boyd K. Packer, Boyd K. Packer, Grampa Bill's G.A. (General Authority) Pages.
Boyd K. Packer Boyd K. Packer, Special Witnesses of Christ, LDS.org

1924 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from natural causes
American Christians
Christian religious leaders
Businesspeople from Utah
Russell Marion Nelson (born September 9, 1924) is the 17th and current President of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) upon replacing Thomas S. Monson in January 2018. He was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the LDS Church. He is also a known cardiothoracic surgeon. 

Currently, he is the oldest living apostle in the Church. In July 3, 2015, following the death of President Boyd K. Packer, Nelson became President of the Quorum.

References

1924 births
Living people
American Latter Day Saints
Christian religious leaders
Businesspeople from Salt Lake City, Utah
Dallin Harris Oaks (born August 12, 1932) is an American attorney, jurist, author, professor, public speaker, and religious leader. Since 1984, he has been a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

He was president of Brigham Young University (BYU), a professor of law at the University of Chicago Law School and a justice of the Utah Supreme Court. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Oaks was considered by Republican U.S. presidential administrations to be part of the United States Supreme Court. Currently, he is the second most senior apostle in the church.

In January 2018, Oaks became President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles after Russell M. Nelson became President of the LDS Church.

Other websites
Dallin H. Oaks, official church biography.
Dallin H. Oaks, Mormon Newsroom Leader Biographies.
Dallin H. Oaks, short biography.
Dallin H. Oaks , Dallin H. Oaks, BYU President
Dallin H. Oaks, Grampa Bill's G.A. (General Authority) Pages.

1932 births
Living people
Educators from Utah
American judges
American Latter Day Saints
Businesspeople from Utah
Christian religious leaders
People from Provo, Utah
Writers from Utah
Melvin Russell Ballard, Jr. (born October 8, 1928) has been a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since 1985.  As a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Ballard is accepted by church members as a prophet, seer, and revelator. He is the fifth most senior apostle among the ranks of the church.

References

"Elder Melvin Russell Ballard, Jr., Of the First Quorum of the Seventy", Ensign, May 1976

Other websites
"General Authorities: Elder M. Russell Ballard", lds.org
Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: M. Russell Ballard
Newsroom of LDS Church

1928 births
Living people
American Latter Day Saints
Christian religious leaders
People from Salt Lake City, Utah
Robert Dean Hales (August 24, 1932 – October 1, 2017) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). As a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Hales was accepted by the church as a prophet, seer, and revelator. He was the seventh most senior apostle among the ranks of the church. He was born in New York City.

Hales died on October 1, 2017 at a hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah at the age of 85.

Notes

References
 
 
"Elder Robert Dean Hales: Assistant to the Council of the Twelve", Ensign, May 1975

Other websites
"General Authorities: Elder Robert D. Hales", lds.org
 Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: Robert D. Hales
Hales on Special Witnesses of Christ

1932 births
2017 deaths
American Christians
Christian religious leaders
People from New York City
People from Salt Lake City, Utah
Richard Gordon Scott (November 7, 1928 – September 22, 2015) was an American nuclear engineer and a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He was the sixth most senior apostle among the ranks of the church.

Other websites
"General Authorities: Elder Richard G. Scott", lds.org
Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: Richard G. Scott

1928 births
2015 deaths
American Christians
Christian religious leaders
Scientists from Idaho
Scientists from Washington, D.C.
Teaneck  is a township in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. It is a suburb in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 39,776.

Townships in New Jersey
A tubo-ovarian abscess is an infection of the female ovary and fallopian tube. It is a pus-filled ovary and Fallopian tube that is filled with infection.  This type of abscess is caused by an untreated sexually transmitted disease. It can be a complication after surgery to remove the uterus.

When a woman has this abcess, she has a fever, signs of infection in her blood, severe pain in her pelvic area.  She may also have a vaginal discharge. Many different kinds of bacteria can cause tubo-ovarian abscess. Tubo-ovarian abscess is rare in virgins.

Symptoms and causes 
The symptoms of tubo-ovarian abscess are the same as pelvic inflammatory disease.  The abscess can be seen with x-rays and other medical equipment.  The bacteria that cause gonorrhea can cause tubo-ovarian abscess.  The microorganism that causes a Chlamidia infection can cause tubo-ovarian abscess. Other bacteria can cause tubo-ovarian abscess Using an IUD for a long time can cause TOA.

The abcess can rupture filling the abdomen with the infection.  This is an emergency and a woman can die if this ruptured abscess is not treated quickly. A blood infection can happen if the abscess is not treated.  Sometimes an inter uteran device, a form of birth control can cause the abcess.

Prevention and treatment
Some things make a woman more likely to get this disease.  These things are: sexual activity, increased age, IUD insertion, chlamydia infection, bacterial infection, sexually transmitted disease.  This disease is cured by treatment with medicine that will kill the bacteria that are causing the infection.  Some doctors will use intravenous antibiotics for least 24 hours.  Some women with this infection have to go to the hospital. Sometimes surgery has to be done.  After being in the hospital, medicine can be taken by mouth that will continue to cure the infection.   Patients are checked by a doctor three days after being in the hospital.  They then get another check up one to two weeks later to make sure that the infection is cured.

Complications 
Sometimes this infection is complicated.  In some cases the ovary and fallopian tubes have to be taken out. Without ovaries or Fallopian tubes a woman may not be able to have a baby.  There are other things that can happen during surgery that result in a bad outcome. But this is true for all surgeries.

How many women are affected 
One million women get tubo-ovarian abscess every year.

References 

Diseases caused by bacteria
Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
Sexually transmitted diseases
The Grand Bazaar (, meaning ‘Grand Bazaar’) in Istanbul, Turkey is one of the largest and oldest covered markets in the world. It has 61 covered streets. There are more than 3,000 shops. As of 2014, there were no official statistics about the number of shops in the Bazaar. But it varies between 3,000 and 4,000. The bazaar attracts between 250,000 and 400,000 visitors daily. In 2013, it is listed as number one among the world's most-visited tourist attractions with 91,250,000 annual visitors.

The bazaar was built in Ottoman times by Mehmet the Conquerer. It was grown by Suleiman the Magnificent. The Grand Bazaar occupies . There were hammams, inns, mosques and fountains in bazaar.
 
The Grand Bazaar is located inside the walled city of Istanbul. It is in the district of Fatih, in the neighbourhood bearing the same name, ().

References 

Istanbul
Retail markets
Geraldine Leigh Chaplin (born 31 July 1944) is an American-born British actress. She is the daughter of Charlie Chaplin and Oona O'Neill.

She is best known for her 1965 Golden Globe nominated role of Tonya in David Lean's movie, Doctor Zhivago.  She received her second Golden Globe nomination for Robert Altman's Nashville in 1975.  She also acted in his other movies, Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson in 1976 and A Wedding in 1978. 

She received a BAFTA nomination for her role in Welcome to L.A. in 1976. She played her grandmother, Hannah Chaplin in the movie, Chaplin in 1992 and received her third Golden Globe nomination. She has also acted in The Age of Innocence in 1993, Home for the Holidays in 1995, and Jane Eyre in 1996.

Career 
When Chaplin was eight years old, she acted in her father's movie Limelight. She studied at the Royal Ballet School, in hopes of becoming a ballet dancer.  When that did not work out, she became an actress instead.

David Lean chose her to play Tonya, the wife of the leading role, in his movie Doctor Zhivago.  In an interview about the movie, she said "Because of my name, the right doors opened."

In 1967, she acted in a famous play in the Broadway theatre, Lillian Hellman's The Little Foxes. Her performance was praised in a review in The New York Times. Cliff Barnes wrote that Chaplin "acts with spirit and force," all the while "acting with a magnificently raw-voiced sincerity" in what was a performance of "surprising power."

Chaplin has also acted in several Spanish and French films. She received a Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in a Spanish-Argentine movie, In the City Without Limits in 2001.

In 2018, she starred as Iris in Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom.

Personal life 
Geraldine Chaplin was born in Santa Monica, California. She was the fourth child of the movie star Charlie Chaplin. She was the first of his eight children with his fourth and last wife, Oona O'Neill.  Her grandfather was the Nobel Prize and Pulitzer Prize winning American playwright Eugene O'Neill. When Geraldine was eight years old, the family moved to Switzerland, where she went to school. This is where she learned to speak both French and Spanish. 

In 1978 the Chaplin family were the victims of a plot by kidnappers who had stolen the body of Charlie Chaplin for ransom. Geraldine negotiated with the kidnappers, who threatened to shoot her baby son in the knees.

After living in Spain for over 25 years, Chaplin left in 1992 because of personal difficulties. She moved back to her family home in Vevey, Switzerland. 
She married Patricio Castilla in 2006. She has two children and a godson:  She has a home beside the beach in Miami and also spends time living in Madrid and Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Geraldine Chaplin at the Internet Broadway Database
Geraldine Chaplin at AllMovie

1944 births
Living people
American movie actors
Actors from Santa Monica, California
Santiago del Estero is the capital of the Santiago del Estero Province in northern Argentina. It is at a distance of  north-northwest from Buenos Aires.

Francisco de Aguirre founded the city in its present location on 23 December 1553; he named the city Santiago after Saint James and Estero because it was close to a lagoon near the Dulce river.

Geography
The city is along the Dulce river in a region with esteros (wetlands). The altitude of the city is  above sea level.

Santiago del Estero has an area of  and a population of 252,192, in 2010, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Climate 
Santiago del Estero has an arid climate, subtype Bsh in the Köppen climate classification.

The average temperature for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The month with the most precipitation on average is January with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .

Places of interest 
Some interesting places in San Miguel de Tucumán are:
 Plaza Independencia ("Independence square")
 Casa de Gobierno de Tucumán ("Tucumán Government Palace")
 Catedral de San Miguel de Tucumán ("San Miguel de Tucumán cathedral")
 Basilica of San Francisco ("Saint Francis Basilica")
 Casa de Tucumán ("Tucumán House" or "Independence House")

Twin towns 
Santiago del Estero is twinned with:
  Suzhou, China
  Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
  Tarija, Bolivia
  Hama, Syria
  Copiapó, Chile
  Talavera de la Reina, Spain

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Municipality of Santiago del Estero  
 Santiago del Estero Province Official Website 

Cities in Argentina
Capitals of Argentine provinces
1550s establishments in South America
16th-century establishments in Argentina
1553 establishments
Lucien Bouchard  (; born December 22, 1938) is a Canada lawyer, diplomat, politician and former Minister of the Environment of the Canadian Federal Government.

He was the founder of the Bloc Québécois, Leader of the Opposition in the Canadian House of Commons from 1993 to 1996. He served as the 27th Premier of Quebec from January 29, 1996, to March 8, 2001.

He became a central figure for the "Yes" side in the 1995 Quebec referendum. He is a recipient of the title of Commander of the Légion d'Honneur.

Bouchard was born in Saint-Cœur-de-Marie, Québec. He was the son of Alice (née Simard) and Philippe Bouchard. He studied at Université Laval. Bouchard married Solange Dugas in May 2013.

References

Other websites

1938 births
Living people
Premiers of Quebec
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Leaders of the Opposition (Canada)
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
Irwin A. Rose (July 16, 1926 – June 2, 2015) was an American biologist. He was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Aaron Ciechanover and Avram Hershko, for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.

Rose was born in Brooklyn, New York to a Jewish family. He was married to Zelda Budenstein and had four children.

Rose died on June 2, 2015 in Deerfield, Massachusetts, aged 88.

References 

1926 births
2015 deaths
American biologists
American military personnel of World War II
American Nobel Prize winners
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
People from Brooklyn
People from Spokane, Washington
Scientists from New York City
Scientists from Washington
Educators from New York City
Educators from Washington
The First Dynasty of ancient Egypt were the first group of Egyptian kings to rule over a united country. It began when Upper and Lower Egypt were joined as a single country, probably by Narmer. It is the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt. At this time Thinis was the centre of power.

Historians argue about the dates of the First Dynasty which was part of the Early Bronze Age. They use a number of different ways to decide on the dates for events in Egypt. It began sometime between 3400 and 3000 BC. In 2013 radiocarbon dating showed that Hor-Aha began ruling between 3218–3035 BC.

Rulers
Known rulers of the First Dynasty:

Information about the First Dynasty comes from monuments and other objects with royal names. The most important are the Narmer palette, the Narmer Macehead and the Den and Qa'a king lists. No details of the dynasty have been found except for brief entry on the Palermo Stone. Manetho's book, Aegyptiaca is different to the archeological evidence and other historical records. Manetho names nine rulers of the First Dynasty, but only one name matches the other sources. He only has information for four of them. The hieroglyphs were fully developed and would be used with little change for more than 3000 years.

Large tombs for pharaohs have been found at Abydos and Naqada. There are also cemeteries at Saqqara and Helwan near Memphis. These had buildings of wood and mud bricks, with some small use of stone for walls and floors. Stone was used for making ornaments, vessels, and sometimes for statues. Tamarix – tamarisk, salt cedar was used to build boats such as the Abydos Boats. They invented the ﬁxed Mortise and tenon joint. A ﬁxed tenon was made by shaping the end of one timber to ﬁt into a mortise (hole) that is cut into a second timber. A variation of this joint, using a free tenon, became one of the most important features in Mediterranean and Egyptian shipbuilding. It joined two pieces of wood by putting a separate tenon into a hole (mortise) of the same size cut into each piece.

Human sacrifice
Human sacrifice was part of the burials for all the pharaohs of the First Dynasty.  Servants were buried near each pharaoh's tomb, as well as animals. There are 338 people buried at the tomb of Djer.  The people and animals sacrificed, such as donkeys, would help the pharaoh in the afterlife. For unknown reasons, this practice ended with this dynasty. Later burials had shabtis (small figures like dolls) taking the place of actual people.

References

Bibliography
Kuhrt, Amélie. The Ancient Near East: c. 3000–330 BC, Routledge, 1995, London,  isbn = 978-0-415-01353-6
Chapakot is a municipality in the southeastern part of Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. It is in the western region of Nepal. On 18 May 2014, the new municipality was formed by merging three existing villages. These were Ratnapur, Kuwakot and Chapakot. The office of the new municipality is the former Chapakot village development committee (VDC).

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Chapakot village had a population of 4,702. It had 1087 individual households. But now the total population is 12,742.  There are now 2,902 individual households. It is on a plain surrounded by hills. To the east of Chapakot was Ratnapur VDC. To the west was Kuwakot VDC. The Kali Gandaki divides it from Palpa District to the south.  To the north is Keware Bhanjyang.

References

Other websites
Chapakot Municipality

Subdivisions of Nepal
The Next Step is a TV Program about a dance studio. It is filmed in Canada.

References

Other websites 
 
 

2010s Canadian television series
2010s children's television series
English-language television programs
The black-headed parrot is Pionites melanocephalus. It lives in forests, most often in humid places, and nearby wooded habitats. They are known as 'caiques'.

The bird is widespread in South America, and has two subspecies which are very similar. It lives north of the Amazon River and west of the Ucayali River in Brazil, northern Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It is quite common and lives in many protected areas.

They are usually in pairs or small noisy groups of 10 to 30. They eat flowers, fruit, and seeds and possibly insects. Males and females look the same: they have identical plumage.

References 

True parrots
Oliver George Wallace (August 6, 1887 – September 15, 1963) was an English-born American composer and conductor. He scored 139 animated short movies for Walt Disney Studios. He also wrote scores for several Disney documentaries, and feature movies. Wallace worked for Disney studios for 27 years. He died in a Burbank, California hospital on September, 15, 1963. 

In 1941 Wallace won an Oscar for scoring the music for the animated movie Dumbo. In 2008 he was honored with a Disney Legends award.

References

Other websites
 

1887 births
1963 deaths
English composers
Movie score composers
Musicians from London
Disney people
Vaginal flora or microbiota are tiny microorganisms that are part of the healthy reproductive organs in a woman. Humans have many very small organisms that are a normal part of the human body.  These microorgansims can only be seen with a microscope.  These organisms are bacteria and fungi.  Almost all of them do not cause sickness, but it is still normal to have them inside or outside the body.  

These small microorganisms are called microbiota by researchers.  There are microbiota in the stomach, the skin, the mouth, the eyes, and microbiota in the vagina.  The microbiota in humans help to stop infections caused by other bacteria.  Vaginal microbiota help keep the vagina healthy. They help prevent infection caused other bacteria.  Bacteria that cause sickness or infection are called pathogens. The normal vaginal microbiota stop pathogens from growing.

When a woman sees a doctor because she has fluid coming out of her vagina, the doctor might test the woman for bacteria pathogens.  Pathogens can grow too fast.  They can grow faster than the normal and healthy vaginal microbiota.  An infection can make fluid come out of the vagina.  This is called vaginal discharge.  A good and healthy bacteria that keeps the vagina free from sickness is called Lactobacillus.  There other good bacteria that keep the vagina healthy.  Some of their names are: Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium, and Actinomyces.

If a woman catches a sexually transmitted disease, it will change the vaginal microbiota.  The healthy vaginal microbiota can not stop or cure a sexually transmitted infection.

Related pages 
Vagina

References

Female reproductive system
Bacteria
Microbiology
Health problems
Michael "Slim" Richey (February 11, 1938 – May 31, 2015) was an American guitarist, fiddle player, bandleader and publisher. He was known for his long white beard and electric guitar style on jazz, swing and country music. He called himself "the most dangerous guitar player in Texas". He began his career in 1960 and worked with artists such as Kat Edmonson, the Jazz Pharoahs, and the Jitterbug Vipers. He was born in Austin, Texas.

Richey died from lymphoma on May 31, 2015 in Austin, aged 77.

References

1938 births
2015 deaths
Country musicians from Texas
American guitarists
American jazz musicians
Cancer deaths in Texas
Deaths from lymphoma
Fiddlers
Musicians from Austin, Texas
Alan Bond (22 April 1938 – 5 June 2015) was a British-born Australian businessman.

Bond was known for his role in the WA Inc scandals of the 1980s. He was also known for bankrolling challenges for the yachting trophy the America's Cup. Because of this he won the Australian of the Year in 1978, along with Galarrwuy Yunupingu. He finally won the trophy in 1983, which had been held by the New York Yacht Club since 1851. In 1987, he paid $1 billion for the Nine television network from Kerry Packer's PBL, before selling the network back to PBL in 1990 for $250 million. In 1997, he was sentenced to seven years in prison for fraud, and was released in 2000.

Bond was born in Hammersmith, London, England. He moved to Western Australia in 1950 at the age of 12. He was married to Eileen Hughes from 1955 until their divorce in 1992. He was later married to Diana Bliss from 1995 until her suicide in 2012. He had  four children.

Bond suffered issues after open heart surgery and was put into an induced coma on 2 June 2015 at a Perth hospital. Bond died on 5 June 2015 after surgical complications at the age of 77.

References

1938 births
2015 deaths
Australian businesspeople
Australian Christians
Australian criminals
Australian of the Year Award winners
Criminals from London
Deaths from surgical complications
Fraudsters
Order of Australia
People from Perth, Western Australia
Roman Catholics
Sailors
William Richard "Bill" Shorten (born 12 May 1967) is an Australian politician. He was been the Leader of the Labor Party and Leader of the Opposition since 13 October 2013.

Shorten was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He is of English and Irish ancestry. He has been married twice and has a daughter. He is a Catholic.

Shorten lost to become Prime Minister of Australia in the 2016 federal election to Malcolm Turnbull and again in the 2019 election to Scott Morrison. After his 2019 defeat, Shorten said he would step down as party leader. He was replaced by Anthony Albanese.

References

Other websites

 

1967 births
Living people
Australian lawyers
Government ministers of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate
Politicians from Melbourne
Free! Iwatobi Swim Club is a Japanese anime based on swimming.

Plot
The main story is about four boys on a swim team. The boys were on a swim team together in elementary and middle school and were split up before high school. Two of the boys, Haruka Nanase and Makoto Tachibana were reunited by fate to both attend Iwatobi High School. Luckily for them, when the new arrival of first years came, the third member from their original swim team Nagisa Hazuki also arrived to Iwatobi High School. Haruka and Makoto were astonished to be reunited with another friend of theirs, however something was missing. The final member to their childhood swim team, Rin Matsouka. Rin had been studying abroad in Australia and recently came back to Japan to go to high school at Samezuka Academy. When Haruka, Makoto, and Nagisa all caught up, they run into the younger sister of their old friend Rin, Gou Matsouka, who fills the boys in about Rin's whereabouts and goals. They are all determined and decide to start their own swim club to have the opportunity to see Rin once more. With Gou as the manager and Makoto as the captain, the Iwatobi Swim Club needed one more thing to complete their team, a fourth member. The boys advertised everywhere however no one wanted to join. Until one day, Nagisa had stumbled across a first year who had a similarity with he and the other two boys on the team, he had a girly name.

2010s anime
Disney Legends Awards are given to individuals whose work has made significant contributions to The Walt Disney Company. The award was created in 1987. It was designed to honor those employees whose accomplishments have helped create Disney magic. More than 200 people have received the Disney Legends award. A selection committee chooses who will receive the award. It is given out at a special ceremony.

References 

Disney
Awards
Aviacsa was a Mexican airline. It started operations in 1990. Aviacsa was a low-cost carrier based in Mexico City. In 2009 the Mexican government refused to allow Aviacsa to fly because of safety concerns. Aviacsa appealed the decision in court. Meanwhile, the FAA removed Aviacia's airworthiness certificate in the United States until it could resolve the safety issues in Mexico. Aviacsa ceased operations in July 2009. It was sold to the Madero Group in 2010. In 2011, Aviacsa was going to start flying again. However, it didn't happen because the airline owed a lot of money to the Mexican Government. Aviacsa stopped all operations for good on May 4, 2011. Interjet took over many of Aviacsa's old routes.

Gallery

References

Transport in Mexico
Airlines of North America
1990 establishments in North America
2009 disestablishments
1990s establishments in Mexico
2000s disestablishments in Mexico
Ahmed Zewail (1946-2016) was an Egyptian chemist. He invented femtochemistry and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1999.  

Chemical reactions were once thought impossible to measure, because they happen in only a few femtoseconds. His Nobel award was for using laser technology to measure extremely fast chemical reactions. The laser technology showed how molecules changed during the reaction. He was on the scientific advisory team for the President. Zewail encouraged basic Egyptian education and knowledge.

Related pages
List of Egyptian scientists

References

"Ahmed Zewail." Gale Biography in Context. Detroit: Gale, 2004. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
"Ahmed H. Zewail".  Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2015.
"Zewail, Ahmed Hassan." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.
"ZEWAIL - EGYPT SUPPORTS KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY." AllAfrica. 16 Mar. 2015 eLibrary. Web. 29 May. 2015.

1946 births
2016 deaths
Chemists
Egyptian scientists
Wolf Prize winners
Egyptian Nobel Prize winners
Daniel James, Jr. (February 11th, 1920 – February 25th, 1978) was the first African-American four-star general officer in the United States military. He received his pilot training with the Tuskegee airmen during World War II. He flew planes during the Korean, and Vietnam Wars. He was a flight instructor in the United States Air Force. On receiving his fourth star he became commander-in-chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command in 1975. 
He died of a heart attack February 25th, 1978 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. On March 2, 1978, General James was buried at Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors. His widow, Dorothy W. James, died on May 2, 2000, in San Antonio, Texas. She is buried next to General James at Arlington.

Decorations and Service Awards
James won the following awards (Each oak leaf cluster and service stars represents one additional award):
 Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
 Air Force Distinguished Service Medal w/1 oak leaf cluster
 Legion of Merit w/1 oak leaf cluster
 Distinguished Flying Cross w/2 oak leaf clusters
 Meritorious Service Medal
 Air Medal w/13 oak leaf clusters
 Army Commendation Medal
 Combat Readiness Medal
 Good Conduct Medal
 American Defense Service Medal
 American Campaign Medal
 World War II Victory Medal
 National Defense Service Medal w/1 service star
 Korean Service Medal w/4 service stars
 Vietnam Service Medal w/2 bronze service stars
 Air Force Longevity Service Award Ribbon w/7 oak leaf clusters
 Armed Forces Reserve Medal
 Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon
 Republic Of Korea Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon
 United Nations Service Medal
 Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal
 Defense Distinguished Service Medal

References 

1920 births
1978 deaths
American generals
American military personnel of World War II
People from Pensacola, Florida