cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
was the second oldest Japanese person ever at the age of 117 years and 260 days. She was also the oldest living person for 7 months. She was at the time of her death the oldest Japanese person ever and the oldest person ever from Asia. She is also the last confirmed person that was alive during the 19th century. She was the last member of the  Lost Generation.

Tajima became the oldest living person in Japan in 2015 after the death of an 115-year-old unknown woman. She became the world's oldest confirmed living person in 2017 upon the death of Violet Brown. Brown was aged 117.

Biography
Tajima was born in Araki in the westernmost part of Kikaijima Island. She lived in Kikai. She had 9 children .

As of September 2011, she had 28 grandchildren, 56 great-grandchildren and 35 great-great-grandchildren. As of September 2017, she had over 160 descendants, including great-great-great grandchildren.

Tajima died on 21 April 2018 in a Japanese hospital in Kikai, Kagoshima, Japan at the age of 117.It was later confirmed that she had been in hospital since January.

References

1900 births
2018 deaths
Japanese supercentenarians
Deaths from natural causes
Geoffrey Norman Blainey (born 11 March 1930) is an Australian historian, academic, philanthropist and commentator. Blainey is known for having written  texts on the economic and social history of Australia, including The Tyranny of Distance (1966). He has published over 35 books, including histories of the world and of Christianity. Other well known works include The Peaks of Lyell (1954) and A Short History of the World (2000).

Blainey was made a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society of Victoria in 1967. In 1975 he was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for his works to Australian literature. He was awarded a Companion of the Order of Australia in the Australia Day Honours list of 2000 for his service to academia, research and scholarship.

Biography
Blainey was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He studied at the University of Melbourne. 

Blainey has  often appeared in newspapers and on television. He held chairs in economic history and history at the University of Melbourne for over 20 years. In the 1980s, he was visiting professor of Australian Studies at Harvard University. He received the 1988 Britannica Award for dissemination of knowledge and was made a Companion of the Order of Australia in 2000.

He was once described as the "most prolific, wide-ranging, inventive, and, in the 1980s and 1990s, most controversial of Australia's living historians".

Blainey is married to author Ann Blainey. They both live in Melbourne.

More readings
 Bolton, Geoffrey. "Geoffrey Blainey" in Kelly Boyd, ed. Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol 1 (1999) pp 93–95

References

Other websites

Works by Geoffrey Blainey 
Works about Geoffrey Blainey 
ABC Interview with audio

1930 births
Living people
Australian historians
Australian philanthropists
Australian critics
Australian educators
Writers from Melbourne
David DiChiera ( ; April 8, 1935 – September 18, 2018) was an American composer and writer. He was the founding general director of Michigan Opera Theatre. He was born in McKeesport, Pennsylvania. He was known for his work Four Sonnets (1965), which was composed for soprano and piano. It premiered in 1978 at the Kennedy Center.

From 1981 to 1993, DiChiera was appointed artistic director of the Dayton Opera Association. In 1986 he was appointed founding General Director of the newly formed Opera Pacific. DiChiera has served as a trustee for the National Institute of Music Theatre and as a board member of the American Arts Alliance. He has been a panel member for the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and chairman for the Opera/Musical Theater Panel.

In February 2016, DiChiera announced his retirement, effective in July 2017. In April 2017, DiChiera was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. DiChiera died on September 18, 2018 in Detroit, Michigan from the disease at the age of 83.

References

Other websites
 David DiChiera, Founder & Artistic Director, Michigan Opera-

1935 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Michigan
American composers
Writers from Pennsylvania
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
Louis Clark "Lou" Brock (June 18, 1939 – September 6, 2020) was an American former professional baseball player. He began his 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career playing in 1961 for the Chicago Cubs, and spent the majority of his career playing as a left fielder for the St. Louis Cardinals. 

Brock was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985  and the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame in 2014. He is currently a special instructor coach for the St. Louis Cardinals.

In April 2017, Brock was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow's plasma cells. In July 2017, Brock said that he was "absolutely cancer-free".

Brock died in St. Louis, Missouri on September 6, 2020 at the age of 81.

References

Other websites

 

1939 births
2020 deaths
Chicago Cubs players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Sportspeople from Arkansas
Deaths from multiple myeloma
Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a retired American baseball left fielder. He played sixteen seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and two seasons for the Oakland Athletics. Williams was added into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987. In 1999, he was named a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.

References

Other websites

BaseballLibrary.com
Baseball Almanac
"Its all about R-e-s-p-e-c-t for 'Sweet Swingin' Billy Williams
The Williams-Santo Cubs 1961-1965 @ The Hardball Times

1938 births
Living people
Chicago Cubs players
Oakland Athletics players
Sportspeople from Alabama
National Baseball Hall of Fame members
Anthony Jared Zerbe (born May 20, 1936) is an American actor.

Zerbe was born in Long Beach, California. He studied at Pomona College. He married Arnette Jens in 1962. They have two children.

His career began in 1963. Zerbe's movie roles include the post-apocalyptic cult leader Matthias in The Omega Man, a 1971 movie adaptation of Richard Matheson's 1954 novel, I Am Legend; as a corrupt gambler in Farewell, My Lovely; as Abner Devereaux in Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park; as villain Milton Krest in the James Bond movie Licence to Kill; Rosie in The Turning Point, Admiral Dougherty in  Star Trek: Insurrection and Councillor Hamann in The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions. 

In 1976, Zerbe won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his role as Lieutenant K.C. Trench in the private detective series Harry O.

His latest appearance is in the 2013 American black comedy-crime movie American Hustle.

References

Other websites

 
 

1936 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Long Beach, California
Actors who played Bond villains
Emmy Award winning actors
RCA Nashville is an American country music record label based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is distributed by Sony Music Nashville which is part of Sony Music.

Current artists
Kane Brown
Ryan Hurd
Miranda Lambert
Old Dominion
Jake Owen
Dolly Parton
Pistol Annies
Chris Young

Former artists

Alabama
Deborah Allen
Eddy Arnold
Chet Atkins
Baillie & the Boys
Bobby Bare
Jeff Bates
Matraca Berg
Clint Black
Catherine Britt
Garth Brooks
Jim Ed Brown
Bush Hawg
Tracy Byrd
Helen Cornelius
Paul Craft
Gail Davies
Skeeter Davis
John Denver
Dean Dillon
Josh Dorr
Ty England
Sara Evans
Leon Everette
Family Brown
Foster & Lloyd
Keith Gattis
Vince Gill 
Danny Gokey
Andy Griggs
Gus Hardin
Mike Henderson
Becky Hobbs
Waylon Jennings
George Jones
The Judds 
Kristen Kelly
Aaron Lines
Eddie London
Brice Long
Love and Theft
Lauren Lucas
Louise Mandrell
Martina McBride
Coley McCabe
Pake McEntire
Ronnie Milsap
Lorrie Morgan
Juice Newton
The Oak Ridge Boys
Jamie O'Hara
Robert Ellis Orrall
The Osborn Sisters
K.T. Oslin 
Paul Overstreet
John Pierce
Bobby Pinson 
Charley Pride
Eddie Rabbitt
Eddy Raven
Jerry Reed
Jim Reeves
Restless Heart
Kenny Rogers 
Crystal Shawanda
Shenandoah
Dee Jay Silver
Connie Smith
Joanna Smith
Hank Snow
Jo-El Sonnier
Tate Stevens
Tommy Shane Steiner
Larry Stewart
Sylvia
Nat Stuckey
3 of Hearts
Josh Thompson
The Thompson Brothers Band
Aaron Tippin
Steve Vaus
Porter Wagoner
Clay Walker
Steve Wariner
Dottie West
Lari White
Keith Whitley
Chuck Wicks
Wild Choir
Trisha Yearwood

References

Other websites
 Official RCA Records Nashville Website 

American record labels
Sony
Heinrichjosef Georg "Heiner" Geißler (March 3, 1930 – September 12, 2017) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party.

Geißler studied law and philosophy in Munich and Tübingen, where he graduated in 1960.

Geißler served as German minister for youth, family, and health from 1982 to 1985 and also general secretary of the CDU from 1977 to 1989. 

From being a conservative right-winger until the early 1990s, Geißler became increasingly leftist in his views as far as social policy and globalization are concerned. 

In 2007, he announced he had become a member of the attac network. This happened weeks before the 2007 G8 summit, which Germany, holding the 2007 G8 presidency, was hosting. Geißler himself said that his joining of attac had to be seen in the context of the upcoming G8 summit.

References

Other websites

Website 
ccoaler:How Geissler led a party intern attack vs. Helmut Kohl 

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Germany
Former members of the German Bundestag
Government ministers of Germany
Jurists
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Politicians of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
The white-cheeked barbet or small green barbet (Psilopogon viridis) is bird.  It is an Asian barbet. It lives in southern India. It looks like the brown-headed barbet (or large green barbet) (Psilopogon zeylanica) but it has a different supercilium and a broad white cheek stripe below the eye. It lives in forests in the Western Ghats and other hills near the Western Ghats.

These birds eat mainly fruits, but also sometimes eat insects. These birds rarely visit the ground, obtaining their water from their fruit diet.They live in hollows of trees. Their call is a kutroo - kutroo. They also live in Bangalore.

Behaviour and description 
They are identified by their white cheek, also giving them their name. They are hard to spot, as they are green and look very much like a leaf. They also sit still and upright.They sometimes are found in small groups in fruiting trees, along with other fruit-eating birds (frugivores) like green pigeons, bulbuls and mynas. They live in broadleaved forests, gardens and groves.

References 

Birds of the Indian Subcontinent, Oxford University Press, Helm Field Guides-2010

Birds
Animals of Asia
IUCN Red List least concern species
Aditya I or Aditya Chola, the son of Vijayalaya Chola, is the second ruler of the medieval Cholas. He extended the Chola empire by the conquest of the Pallavas and occupied the Western Ganga Kingdom.

In the year 903 CE, Aditya Chola killed the Pallava king Aparajita and annexed the Pallava territories with that of the Cholas. He conquered Kongu land from the Pandyas. He died in 907 CE in Tondaimannarur.

Reference

Tamil Monarchs
Western Ganga dynasty was an important ruling dynasty of ancient Karnataka in India which lasted from about 350 to 1000 CE.The Western Ganga sovereignty lasted from about 350 to 550 CE, initially ruling from Kolar and later, moving their capital to Talakadu on the banks of the Kaveri River in present Mysore district.The defeat of the Western Gangas by Cholas around 1000 resulted in the end of the Ganga influence over the region.

Dynasties in India
Uzalo is a telenovela produced by Stained Glass Productions, which is co-owned by Kobedi "Pepsi" Pokane and South African hiphop artist HHP.

Cast

Leleti Khumalo as MaNzuza
Sthandwa Nzuza as Magwaza
Abigail Kubeka as Mamlambo
Sihle Ndaba as Smangele
Thando Thabethe as Guest
Nyalleng Thibedi as Zekhethelo Mhlongo

Other websites

South Africa
Television series
The Iron Range is a group of mining districts near Lake Superior that mine iron. Taconites in the area are turned into pellets.

Iron
Ironstone china, ironstone ware or  just ironstone, is a type of pottery. It is vitreous (glazed or glassy) pottery made in the United Kingdom in the early 19th century. It is not earthenware, but is similar to fine stoneware.  

There is no iron in ironstone. Its name is got because it is strong and durable. Ironstone was developed in the 19th century by potters in Staffordshire. It sold well as a cheaper alternative to porcelain.

Ironstone in Britain's Staffordshire potteries was made by Charles James Mason after his patent of 1813. The name "ironstone" later became generally used. The strength of Mason's ironstone enabled the company to produce ornamental objects of large size. Their vestibule vaseswere  1.5 metres high. Mantelpieces were made from several large sections. Mason's tableware was widely used in hotels and restaurants as well as private homes. It was usual for commercial clients to have the name of their establishment transfer printed onto the stoneware. 

Mason's was not the only manufacturer. Another high-class pottery was Spode, who made ironstone from 1805 onwards. They had big exports to France, where ironstone was often preferred to faience pottery.

During the mid-19th century The United states was the largest export market for Staffordshire's potteries. They bought plain white stoneware in huge quantities.

Antique ironstone wares are collectable, and in particular items made by Mason's.

References 

Pottery
Raghavendra Swami was a renowned Madhwa saint, philosopher and a supporter of Dvaita philosophy that was established by Swami Madhvacharya. He served as the head of the monastery in Kumbakonam from 1621 to 1671 and established Brindavan in present Mantralayam in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is currently an important pilgrimage site.

Raghavendra was born in the town of Bhuvanagiri in Tamil Nadu, India in a Kannada Madhva Brahmin family.His real name is Venkatanatha. Venkatanatha studied under Sudheendra Theertha and emerged as a talented scholar and consistently won debates over scholars older than him. He was also known as a teacher of Sanskrit and the ancient Vedic texts.In 1614, he took sannyasa or became a sanyasi and adopted the name Raghavendra. In 1621, Raghavendra succeeded his guru Sudheendra Theertha as the head of the Kumbakonam monestry which was called Sri Mutt and served from 1621 to 1671. He traveled all over South India explained Madhvacharya's Dvaita philosophy and attributed with a number of miracles. In 1671, after assuring his disciples in a speech that he will be in spirit with them for the next seven hundred years, Raghavendra attained Samadhi at Mantralayam.

Reference

People from Tamil Nadu
Carolina de Oliveira (Arabic: كارولينا دي أوليفيرا ) (born November 16, 1978) is an actress known for appearing in Lebanese TV programs. She was named one of BBC's 100 most influential women in 2016 for her work in mental health.

Life 
Carolina de Oliveira was born in Damascus, Syria to a Brazilian father and a Syrian mother. She attended Jesus and Mary School near Beirut, Lebanon. She received a master's degree in fashion design from the University of Lyon in France. In 2006, there was a rumor that she might marry Egyptian singer Ehab Tawfiq, but she said it was only a rumor.   In 2013, she confirmed that she was engaged to Egyptian artist Ehab Tawfik between 2006 and 2007, but they broke up. During a March 2015 interview, she said she received Lebanese citizenship with the help of the Lebanese authorities.

Work 

De Oliveira started her television career at Future TV network in 1997. She was in Orbit TV's 'Oyoun Beirut', then went to NBN (National Broadcasting Network) in Lebanon with four other shows: "Al Sabahieh", "3al Moda" and "3al Eticket, and "Special". She became well known after she went to MBC, the Arab satellite TV channel, with "Ante", "Wakif Il Sa3a", "She Style", "Lux Fashion World" and three seasons of the reality show "The Biggest Winner", the most popular show on MBC.  In 2010, Carolina moved to the news channel Al Arabiya, with "Drama Ramadan" and "Cinema in a Week".  In 2009 she was in Khaled Youssef's film "Kalemni Shokran".

De Oliveira was diagnosed with bipolar disorder at the age of 34 years, and decided to speak out about the disorder. She has also supported the Ruban Rouge organization against HIV-Aids in Africa and the Middle East.

Other websites 
 Carolina De Oliveira on Facebook
 Carolina De Oliveira on Twitter

References 

Living people
1978 births
Lebanese entertainers
Television personalities
BBC 100 Women
Jacques Lucien Jean Delors (born 20 July 1925) is a French politician. He served as the 8th President of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995. He served as Minister of Finance 1981 to 1984. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1981.

In 2015, Donald Tusk announced that Delors would become the third person ever to have the title of Honorary Citizen of Europe because of "his remarkable contribution to the development of the European project".

Delors was born in Paris. He studied at the University of Paris. In 1941, he married his wife Marie Lephaille. Together, they have one daughter: Martine Aubry (born 1950), who is the mayor of Lille  and the First Secretary of the Socialist Party.

References

Other websites

Delors addressing the British trade unions
 The famous headline from The Sun in the UK: "Up Yours Delors"

1925 births
Living people
European Commissioners
Former MEPs
French mayors
MEPs for France
Politicians from Paris
Socialist Party (France) politicians
French Ministers of Finance
The Temple of Athena Nike is a temple on the Acropolis of Athens. It was named after the Greek goddess, Athena Nike. Built around 420BC, the temple is the earliest fully Ionic temple on the Acropolis.

Ancient Greek and Roman temples and shrines
The University of Lyon is a group of institutions for higher education and research in the cities of Lyon and Saint-Étienne in France.  It is the largest French center for higher education outside of Paris, with 25 associated institutions and 120,000 students.

Other websites 

 Official website Université de Lyon

References  

Colleges and universities in France
Lyon
The Clain is a river in western France that flows through the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It flows into the Vienne river, as a left tributary.

Geography
The Clain river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Dissay, south of Châtellerault near the confluence with the Vienne river.

Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Dissay

Course
The Clain river starts in the Charente department near the border with the Vienne department, in the place called Chapelle Beau Clain to the south of the commune of Hiesse, at an elevation of about . From here, it flows to the north into the Vienne department.

Finally, the river flows into the Vienne river, on the left side, in the commune of Cenon-sur-Vienne near Châtellerault.

The Clain flows through 2 departments and 33 communes, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region:
 Charente: Hiesse, Alloue.
 Vienne: Champagne-Saint-Hilaire, Pressac, Epenede, Romagne, Sommières-du-Clain, Château-Garnier, Joussé, Payroux, Mauprevoir, Saint-Martin-l'Ars, Voulon, Anche, Naintré, Beaumont, Vouneuil-sur-Vienne, Saint-Cyr, Migne-Auxances, Jaunay-Clan, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Saint-Georges-lès-Baillargeaux, Dissay, Liguge, Poitiers, Saint-Benoit, Buxerolles, Smarves, Iteuil, Roches-Premarie-Andille, Aslonnes, Vivonne, Cenon-sur-Vienne (confluence).

Main tributaries 
The main tributaries of the Clain river are:

Gallery

Related pages
 List of rivers of France

References

Other websites

 Banque Hydro - Station L2501610 - Le Clain à Dissay  

Rivers of France
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Franciscus Henricus Johannes Joseph "Frans" Andriessen (2 April 1929 in Utrecht – 22 March 2019) was a senior Dutch politician.

In 1967 he was first elected to the House of Representatives for the Katholieke Volkspartij (KVP). From 1971 to 1977 he was leader of the KVP. In 1977, the KVP merged with two protestant parties to form the Christen-Democratisch Appel (CDA). 

He served as Minister of Finance (1977–1980) and European Commissioner for Competition (1981-1985), Agriculture (1985-1989), and External Relations and Trade (1989–1993). 

Andriessen was one of few politicians to serve three terms as an EU Commissioner.

References 

1929 births
2019 deaths
Catholic People's Party politicians
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Dutch academics
Dutch jurists
Dutch Roman Catholics
European Commissioners
Former leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Former members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
Politicians from Utrecht (city)
was a Japanese-born English scholar. Watanabe was one of Japan’s more important cultural  critics. 

Watanabe was born in Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture. He studied at Sophia University and completed his doctorate at University of Münster in 1958. 

Watanabe became successively lecturer at Tsuruoka, assistant professor and full professor, until his retirement. He served as emeritus professor at the same university until his death. He was chairman of the Japan Bibliophile Society. His personal collection of books on English philology (see Bibliography) was perhaps his most important contribution to the field of English philology in Japan, containing many rare items.

Watanabe died on 17 April 2017 in Tokyo from heart failure, aged 86.

References

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Japanese writers
English writers
Conservatives
Japanese academics
Critics
Marvin Dawson Mathis (November 30, 1940 – April 17, 2017) was an American politician. He served in U.S. Representative as a Democrat, representing Georgia's 2nd congressional district from 1971 through 1981.

Mathis was born in Nashville, Georgia. He studied at South Georgia College in Douglas, Georgia. From 1964 to 1970, he was news director of WALB-TV in Albany, Georgia.

Mathis was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives serving in Congresses from January 3, 1971 through January 3, 1981. He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination to the United States Senate in 1980. 

In 1982 he tried to win his old seat in the house but lost to successor Charles Hatcher in the Democratic primary. He became a private advocate. He lived in Nashville, Georgia.

Mathis died in April 2017 in Tifton, Georgia from complications of pneumonia, aged 76.

References

Other websites
 

1940 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Georgia (U.S. state)
United States representatives from Georgia
American television presenters
US Democratic Party politicians
Moses Veerasammy Nagamootoo (born November 30, 1947 in Whim) is a Guyanese politician of the Alliance for Change. 

He was the Prime Minister of Guyana from May 20, 2015 to August 2, 2020.

He has also written a novel.

1947 births
Living people
Guyanese writers
Novelists
Prime Ministers of Guyana
Maple Valley is a small city in King County, Washington, USA. Its zip code is 98038. At the time of the 2010 census, its population was 22,684. As of 2016, its population was 24,790.

References

Cities in Washington (U.S. state)
Sylvia Rose Moy (September 15, 1938 – April 15, 2017) was an American songwriter and record producer. She was associated with the Motown Records group. She was the first woman at the Detroit-based music label to write and produce for Motown acts. She is probably best known for her songs written with and for Stevie Wonder.

Moy died of complications from pneumonia in Dearborn, Michigan on April 15, 2017, at the age of 78.

References

Other websites

 Adam White, "Sylvia and Stevie: inspiration and influence" 

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Michigan
American songwriters
Writers from Detroit, Michigan
People from Dearborn, Michigan
On September 23, 2016, five people were killed in a mass shooting at the Cascade Mall in Burlington, Washington, U.S. 

The gunman was identified as Arcan Cetin, a 20-year-old who emigrated from Turkey as a child with his family. He was arrested the following day in Oak Harbor, Washington, his hometown. On September 26, he confessed to committing the shooting.

Shortly before 7:00 p.m. PDT on the same day, Cetin walked into a Macy's store at the Cascade Mall with a stolen rifle and opened fire, killing four women and one man. The male victim died the next day at a Seattle hospital.

References

2016 mass shootings
2016 murders in the United States
2010s in Washington (U.S. state)
2010s mass shootings in the United States 
Mass murder in 2016
Mass murder in the United States
September 2016 events
Terrorist incidents in 2016
On April 16, 2017, Robert Godwin, Sr., a 74-year-old retired foundry worker, was shot and killed while walking on a sidewalk in a neighborhood in Cleveland, Ohio. The suspect was 37-year-old Steve William Stephens. Stephens posted a video of the shooting on his Facebook account. 

A warrant was issued for Stephens for aggravated murder, and he was found dead after shooting himself in the head after a brief police pursuit in Erie, Pennsylvania, two days later on April 18, 2017.

Shooting
The shooting happened on April 16, 2017, in Cleveland, Ohio. The shooter uploaded a video of the event. 

Seconds before the shooting, Stephens left his car, approached the victim and asked Godwin to say the name of Stephens's girlfriend. Stephens then said "She's the reason why this is about to happen to you", before shooting Godwin, fell to the ground and died. 

Facebook said the video was uploaded to the website after the fact, not livestreamed as it was once thought. In other Facebook posts, Stephens claimed responsibility for thirteen murders, but police said they were not true as of the moment.

Death of Steve William Stephens
On the morning of April 18, a public sighting of Stephens' vehicle in the parking lot of a McDonald's restaurant in Erie, Pennsylvania, was called in to  the polic. This resulted in a brief pursuit by police, and a successful execution by the Pennsylvania State Police. Upon inspection of the vehicle, Stephens was found dead inside of an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. He was 37 years old.

Why Stephens killed Godwin
Police confirmed there was no known connection between Godwin and Stephens before the shooting and that Godwin was selected at random.  Stephens's mother told police that Stephens told her by phone he was "shooting people" because he was "mad with his girlfriend" of about three years, who was confirmed to be safe and was cooperating with investigators.

References

2017 murders in the United States
April 2017 events
21st century in Cleveland, Ohio
Murders by firearm in the United States
2010s in Ohio
Claude Lanzmann (; 27 November 1925 – 5 July 2018) was a French filmmaker. He was known for the Holocaust documentary movie Shoah (1985).

Lanzmann was born in Paris. 

He was chief editor of the journal Les Temps Modernes, which was founded by Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. In 2009, Lanzmann published his memoirs under the title Le lièvre de Patagonie (The Patagonian Hare).

He was a lecturer at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland.

References

1925 births
2018 deaths
Writers from Paris
Movie directors from Paris
French Jews
French educators
Matthew "Matt" Anoaʻi (April 7, 1970 – April 17, 2017) was a Samoan-American  professional wrestler. He was best known for his time on the independent circuit under many ring names, and his time in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where he competed as Rosey. He was the real-life brother of former WWE Champion, Roman Reigns. 

Anoaʻi died on April 17, 2017 of congestive heart failure at a hospital in Pensacola, Florida at the age of 47 years old.

References

1970 births
2017 deaths
American professional wrestlers
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Florida
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Former WWE wrestlers
Oceanic entertainers
Oceanic sportspeople
Samoan people
Jadwiga Szubartowicz (née Skawińska; 16 October 1905 – 20 July 2017), was a Polish supercentenarian. She was the oldest living person in Poland until her death in 2017.

As a child, she spent several years with her family in Saint Petersburg (then Petrograd), where at the age of 12 she witnessed the October Revolution.

During the German occupation her brother was arrested. After being detained for a week at the Majdanek concentration camp, he was released but was later arrested by the Germans in Kraków and sent to the concentration camp in Buchenwald, where he died.

On 1 August 2015, following the death of Jadwiga Młynek (1905–2015), Szubartowicz became the oldest Pole. The older Yisrael Kristal was born in what is now Poland, but moved to Israel after World War II. Szubartowicz's age was certified by the Gerontology Research Group who sent her greetings on her 110th birthday which she celebrated on 16 October 2015.

On 20 July 2017, Szubartowicz died in Lublin of complications of pneumonia at the age of 111.

References

1905 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Supercentenarians
Polish people
Yisrael Kristal (born Izrael Icek Kryształ; ; September 15, 1903 – August 11, 2017) was a Polish-born Israeli supercentenarian, recognized as the oldest living man and the oldest survivor of the Holocaust in the world until his death on August 11, 2017 at age 113 years, 330 days.

Biography
Kristal was born to Jewish parents in Poland, then part of the Russian Empire. He experienced World War I as a child, and World War II as an adult. After surviving the Holocaust, he immigrated to Israel.

During World War II he was confined by the Nazi regime to a Jewish ghetto. His children died in the ghetto, but he and his wife were deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp. Kristal survived the Holocaust, but his wife did not. He remarried shortly after the War and, in 1950, emigrated to Haifa, Israel, with his second wife Batsheva, also a survivor of the Holocaust, and their infant child, and lived in Haifa until his death at age 113 years, 330 days.

Kristal celebrated his bar mitzvah in September 2016 at age 113 after being unable to do so at age 13 due to World War I, and was the 16th man to live to age 113. That year, Kristal, who was the oldest survivor of the Holocaust, also became the world's oldest living man and last living man born in 1903, after Japaneseman Yasutaro Koide's death on January 18 (Koide died January 19 Japanese time).

Kristal died at his home in Haifa on August 11, 2017, just 5 weeks before his 114th birthday, and was succeeded as the world's oldest living man by Spaniard Francisco Núñez Olivera (who, however, was not verified until his death on January 29, 2018 at age 113 years, 47 days). Kristal was at the time of his death the 9th oldest man ever and the youngest of only 14 verified living people born before 1904.

References

1903 births
2017 deaths
Holocaust survivors
Israeli businesspeople
Israeli centenarians
Israeli Jews
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish supercentenarians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Polish Jews
Saparman Sodimejo, known more commonly as Mbah Gotho (reportedly born 31 December 1870 – 30 April 2017) was an Indonesian man who unverifiably was claimed to have lived over 140 years.

Mbah Gotho himself could not remember his date of birth, but said that he remembered the construction of a sugar factory that was built in 1890. The local authorities registered him as being over 140 in 2010, and put his birth date to be in 1870 on an ID card issued in 2014.

The oldest known person whose age was proven, Jeanne Calment, was 122 years when she died.

Claim
In May 2010, Solopos reported that the census had recorded his next birthday as his 142nd. That would have made him 19 years older than the oldest recorded person, Jeanne Calment, was when she died in 1997.

The Liputan 6 website reported that Mbah Gotho's estimated age was 165. He could not remember his date of birth, but claimed to remember the construction of a sugar factory built in Sragen in 1880.

In August 2016, after a television report on Liputan 6, numerous international media outlets reported Gotho's claim. They then showed photographs of his ID card (issued in 2014), which displays his claimed birth date. 

Although Indonesian officials at the local record office confirmed the birth date there is no independent proof of his claimed age. That would have been required for the claim about the age to be recognized by record authorities, such as Guinness World Records. The Indonesian government did not register births before 1900, and there have been errors in the past.

The Gerontology Research Group commented that this extremely high claimed age was "fiction" and "unbelievable". The story on Liputan 6 noted other similar claims about age. That included a woman named Maemunah and known as Ambu Unah, who had been claimed to be born in 1867, in Cimanuk, Pandeglang Regency.

Death
On 28 April 2017 Mbah Gotho was admitted to RSUD Hospital for heart failure in Sragen and died two days later at 5:45 pm local time on 30 April 2017.

According to the BBC, he outlived ten siblings, four wives, and all of his children.

Related pages 
 Carmelo Flores Laura
 Luo Meizhen

References

1870 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Indonesian people
Longevity claims
Supercentenarians
Damián Iguacén Borau (12 February 1916 – 24 November 2020) was a Spanish Bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. When he died he was the oldest Catholic bishop in the world.

Iguacén Borau was born in Fuencalderas, Spain. He was ordained a priest on June 7, 1941. He was the bishop of the Barbastro Diocese since October 11, 1970. Later, he was made Diocese of Teruel and Albarracín on September 23, 1974 and then to Diocese of Tenerife on August 14, 1984 where he remained until his retirement on June 12, 1991. 

Iguacén Borau turned 100 in February 2016. 

Iguacén Borau died on 24 November 2020 from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in Huesca, Spain at the age of 104.

References

Other websites
Catholic Hierarchy
Ternerife site

1916 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
Centenarians
Roman Catholic bishops
Spanish Roman Catholics
Spanish writers
The National Iranian South Oil Company (NISOC; ) is a government-owned corporation under the direction of the Ministry of Petroleum of Iran, and operates as a subsidiary of National Iranian Oil Company.  It was established in Masjed Soleyman, 1971. Currently NISOC is Iran's biggest oil producer, and the company is active in a land area more than 400,000 km² with headquarters in Ahvaz, Iran and other nine subsidiaries. NISOC is producing about 83% of all crude oil and 16% of natural gas produced in Iran and ranks as the Iran's largest oil company.

References

Iran
1971 establishments in Asia
1970s establishments in Iran
On April 18, 2017, a shooting spree occurred in Fresno, California, leaving three men dead. The prime suspect, identified as Kori Ali Muhammad, was then arrested by police and charged with murder and assault with a deadly weapon. Muhammad, who was believed to have been motivated by a hatred of white people, was already wanted in connection with the murder of a security guard at a local Motel 6 that had occurred four days earlier.

References

2017 in California
2017 murders in the United States
2010s crimes in California
April 2017 events
History of Fresno, California
Murders by firearm in California
Peter Barton "Pete" Wilson (born August 23, 1933) is an American Republican Party politician.

Wilson was the 36th Governor of California from 1991 through 1999. Before this, he was a United States Senator from 1983 through 1991, the Mayor of San Diego from 1971 through 1983 and a California State Assemblyman from 1967 through 1971.

A Republican, Wilson passed the anti-immigrant 1994 California Proposition 187. This helped him win reelection while being against immigrant or gay communities amidst demographic shifts. Since then, the only California Republican to win a major statewide election is Arnold Schwarzenegger.

He ran for the Republican nomination for President in 1996.

References

Other websites

 
 Reaffirming Liberty: Wilson for President Campaign Brochure
 Pete Wilson, Candidate for Governor, 1994 Platform Papers, Speeches and Endorsements 
 Pete Wilson Biography and Inaugural addresses
 Hoover Institution Biography
 Cal Voter: Gov. Wilson's Record on Crime 
 Undated speech by Pete Wilson on Affirmative Action titled "The Minority-Majority Society"

1933 births
Living people
Governors of California
United States senators from California
1996 United States presidential candidates
Mayors of San Diego
Politicians from Illinois
US Republican Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
20th-century American politicians
Joseph Graham "Gray" Davis, Jr. (born December 26, 1942) is an American retired politician and attorney.

Davis served as the 37th Governor of California from 1999 to 2003. He was a member of the Democratic Party, only months into his second term, in 2003 Davis was recalled and removed from office, the second state governor successfully recalled in U.S. history.

Before serving as governor, Davis was chief of staff to Governor Jerry Brown (1975–81), a California State Assemblyman (1983–87), California State Controller (1987–95) and the 44th Lieutenant Governor of California (1995–99).

Davis holds a BA in history from Stanford University and a J.D. from Columbia Law School. He was awarded a Bronze Star for his service as a Captain in the Vietnam War.

References

Other websites

 Gray Davis Digital Library (active web site, launched 2006)
 
 
 Department of Energy article on Davis' energy conservation efforts
 

1942 births
Living people
Governors of California
Lieutenant Governors of California
Politicians from New York City
US Democratic Party politicians
State legislators of the United States
21st-century American politicians
20th-century American politicians
Charles Joseph "Charlie" Crist Jr. (; born July 24, 1956) is an American attorney and politician. He is the U.S. Representative for  since 2017. He had also served as the 44th Governor of Florida from 2007 to 2011.

Early life
Crist was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. He studied at Wake Forest University, at Florida State University, and at Samford University.

Political career
Crist began his political career as a Republican, serving in the Florida Senate from 1993 to 1999, running unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1998 when he challenged then-current Senator Bob Graham. He later as Florida Education Commissioner from 2001 to 2003 and Florida Attorney General from 2003 to 2007, before being elected Governor in 2006.

Crist decided not to run for re-election as Governor in 2010, instead announcing on May 12, 2009 that he was running for the U.S. Senate seat being left by Republican Senator Mel Martinez. After leading in the race at first for the Republican nomination, he was overtaken in the polls by Marco Rubio, and in April 2010, Crist left the Republican Party and ran as an Independent. In the general election, he lost to Rubio in a three-way race, taking 30% of the vote to Rubio's 49% and Democratic nominee Kendrick Meek's 20%. Crist's term as Governor ended in January 2011.

On December 7, 2012, he joined the Democratic Party, having endorsed President Barack Obama for re-election in 2012. On November 1, 2013, he announced that he was running for governor in the 2014 election. However, he lost to the incumbent Governor Rick Scott, losing by a 1% margin.

In 2016, Crist was elected to the United States House of Representatives from Florida's 13th congressional district, defeating incumbent David Jolly by a margin of 52%-48%.

Crist is one of the few politicians that lost an election as a Republican, Democrat and Independent candidate.

Crist was mentioned as a possible candidate for Florida governor in the 2022 election against Republican governor Ron DeSantis. Crist announced his nomination for governor for the Democratic Party's nomination in the 2022 election.

Personal life
Crist married Amanda Morrow in 1979, but divorced a year later in 1980. He later married Carole Rome in 2008. They divorced in 2017.

Crist now lives in St. Petersburg, Florida.

References

Other websites

 Official Congressional website
 Charlie Crist official campaign site

 

1956 births
Living people
Lawyers from Pennsylvania
Governors of Florida
Politicians from Pennsylvania
United States representatives from Florida
US Democratic Party politicians
US Republican Party politicians
21st-century American politicians
20th-century American politicians
Lawyers from Florida
Mapai, Hebrew: מפא"י , is a former Israeli political party. 

Its ideology was social democratic and Zionist.

Founders were David Ben-Gurion and Aaron David Gordon.

Mapai was established in the British Mandate of Palestine in 1930 and merged into HaAvoda in 1968.

1930 establishments
1968 disestablishments
Mandatory Palestine
Former political parties in Israel
Social democratic parties
Zionist parties
1930s establishments in Israel
HaMa'arakh, Hebrew: המערך‎ , meaning The Alignment, was an Israeli alliance of social democratic parties.

HaMa'arakh existed two times:

1. 1965-1969 between Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda.

These two parties merged with Rafi into HaAvoda in 1968.

2. 1968-1991 between HaAvoda and Mapam.

Mapam was a predecessor of Meretz.

1965 establishments in Israel
1968 establishments in Israel
1969 disestablishments
1991 disestablishments
Former political parties in Israel
Social democratic parties
Zionist parties
Clinton Merrick Hurdle (born July 30, 1957) is a retired manager of MLB teams. His most recent job was as the manager of the the Pittsburgh Pirates. On September 28 2019, Hurdle was fired by the Pirates. He decided not to take a new job, and instead retired. During the He has previously managed the Colorado Rockies. In 2007, he led the Rockies to the World Series, which they lost to the Boston Red Sox. Before he became a manager, Hurdle played baseball as an outfielder and was a member of the Kansas City Royals, Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, and St. Louis Cardinals.

References

Other websites

Living people
1957 births
Sportspeople from Michigan
Cincinnati Reds players
Colorado Rockies
Kansas City Royals players
New York Mets players
Pittsburgh Pirates managers
St. Louis Cardinals players
Johanna Mikl-Leitner (born February 9, 1964 in Hollabrunn) is an Austrian politician of the ÖVP.

Mikl-Leitner has been governor of Lower Austria since April 19, 2017, succeeding fellow party member Erwin Pröll. She had already been active in Lower Austrian politics.

On a national level, she was a member of the National Council (Nationalrat) from 1999 to 2003, and from 2011 to 2016 interior minister in the First and Second Faymann government. 

Mikl-Leitner grew up in the Weinviertel region of Lower Austria. She obtained a masters at Vienna University of Economics and Business, worked as a teacher, at Austrian employers' organization (Industriellenvereinigung) and at a publishing company before entering into politics.

She is married with two daughters, and lives in Klosterneuburg.

References 
 Bio at Austrian Parliament Website

Other websites 
 Homepage

1964 births
Living people
Government ministers of Austria
Governors
People from Lower Austria
The nickel–iron battery (NiFe battery) are batteries made of iron, nickel, and hydroxide. They are very strong, and do not break easily. They can last for more than 20 years. They are slow to charge. They are often used on trains.

Nickel-iron batteries are very durable. They can be charged many times. They are often associated with Thomas Edison, although he did not invent this type of battery. Edison's company manufactured the batteries until the early 1970s. Today they are made by several Chinese companies. They are often used in applications where a very long service life is required, such as large off-grid solar power systems.

Iron
Batteries
District of Alto Adige was a district in the "Department of Benaco" in the Napoleon's "Cisalpine Republic" (1797-1798).

History

Under the Cisalpine Republic a District of Alto Adige (called in Italian: Distretto dell'Alto Adige) was created as a part of the short-lived "Department of Benaco". The District of Alto Adige included some municipalities of today's province of Verona.
 
The "Department of Benaco", which was created in 1797 and included some territories of actual Province of Trento and Province of Verona, was disbanded in 1798 and with it the District of Alto Adige after a structural reorganization of the Napoleon's first Italian republic.

The Alto Adige name was used again by the French in 1810, a few kilometres to the north of the disappeared District of Alto Adige on the upper course of the river Adige, when was created the Department of Alto Adige.

Related pages
 Department of Alto Adige
 Alto Adige

Notes

Bibliography
 Reinhard Stauber. Der Zentralstaat an seinen Grenzen. Administrative Integration, Herrschaftswechsel und politische Kultur im südlichen Alpenraum 1750–1820 (Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 64), Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2001. 

History of Italy
Borax is a chemical compound. It usually is in the form of a white powder. The powder has soft crystals. They are easy to dissolve in water. Its scientific name is "sodium borate". Miners find half of the borax in the world in the deserts of California. They discovered it in Death Valley in 1881.

Uses 
Borax has many uses. It is an ingredient of many detergents, cosmetics, and enamel glazes. It is also used to make buffer solutions in biochemistry. Factories use it as a fire retardant, and to kill fungi that can harm the human body. It is also used in fiberglass, as a flux in metallurgy, slime, and as an insecticide. When mixed with water, it helps the soap clean dishes or clothes better. It can take the smell and stain off bathroom and kitchen surfaces. It also takes the smell out of shoes.

Maria Telkes used borax in the first solar-powered home, invented in 1948. The special walls of the home took energy from the sun and stored it in liquid salt. She used borax to keep the energy storage system running well. The borax kept bacteria from changing the salt solution into something different.

References 

Chemical compounds
Minerals
Oxygen compounds
Sodium compounds
Sweeteners
Donley County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 3,677 people lived there. The county seat is Clarendon.

Texas counties
Armstrong County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 1,901 people lived there. The county seat is Claude.

Texas counties
Randall County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 120,765 people lived there. The county seat is Canyon.

Texas counties
Castro County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 8,062 people lived there. The county seat is Dimmitt.

Texas counties
Swisher County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 7,854 people lived there. The county seat is Tulia.

Texas counties
Briscoe County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 1,637 people lived there. The county seat is Silverton.

Texas counties