cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Generator is the sixth album released by the American punk rock band Bad Religion. Although the album was recorded and finished in May 1991, it was not officially released until March 1992. 100,000 copies of the album were shipped.

Generator was also the band's first release with drummer Bobby Schayer, who replaced Pete Finestone during the Against the Grain tour. Today, Generator has been remembered as one of the best albums to emerge from the early 90s punk scene, and one of the most enduring works of Bad Religion's career.

A video was made for "Atomic Garden". It is available for watching here . This was the first video Bad Religion ever released.

Track List
"Generator" (Gurewitz) - 3:21
"Too Much to Ask" (Graffin) - 2:45
"No Direction" (Graffin) - 3:14
"Tomorrow" (Graffin) - 1:56
"Two Babies in the Dark" (Gurewitz) - 2:25
"Heaven Is Falling" (Gurewitz) - 2:04
"Atomic Garden" (Gurewitz) - 3:10
"The Answer" (Graffin) - 3:21
"Fertile Crescent" (Graffin) - 2:08
"Chimaera" (Graffin) - 2:28
"Only Entertainment" (Graffin) - 3:12

References

1992 albums
Bad Religion albums
Punk albums
Niklas Hjalmarsson (born June 6, 1987 in Eksjö, Sweden) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player that currently plays for the Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for their farm team the Rockford IceHogs of the AHL and the Chicago Blackhawks (NHL). Although he spent the majority of his time on the IceHogs, He earned a regular spot on the Chicago Blackhawks roster after James Wisniewski was traded to the Anaheim Ducks. Hjalmarsson won the Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks in 2010.

On July 9, 2010, He signed an offer sheet with the San Jose Sharks which was for 4 years and $14 million. The Blackhawks matched it and Hjalmarsson became the first defenceman in 13 years to receive an offer sheet as a restricted free agent. On June 24, 2013, He won his second Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2 in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals.

Career statistics

References

Other websites

1987 births
Arizona Coyotes players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Living people
Swedish ice hockey players
Stanley Cup champions
American Hockey League players
Swedish Hockey League players
Ice hockey defencemen
Dustin Byfuglien (pronounced Buff-lin; born March 27, 1985 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American professional ice hockey player that is currently a free agent of the National Hockey League (NHL) as a defenseman. He is African American. When he was smaller he moved to Roseau, Minnesota with his mom but decided to move to Chicago to play midget hockey it was there where he was drafted by the Blackhawks in 2003. He won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Blackhawks in 2010. He played for the Chicago Blackhawks for 5 seasons and played 1 season with the Atlanta Thrashers.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Other websites 

 
 

1985 births
American Hockey League players
American ice hockey players
Atlanta Thrashers players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Winnipeg Jets players
Living people
Sportspeople from Minneapolis, Minnesota
Prince George Cougars players
Sportspeople from Minnesota
Stanley Cup champions
Ice hockey defencemen
Ash is an alternative rock band from Downpatrick, Northern Ireland. They officially formed in 1992, when the frontman Tim Wheeler and the bassist Mark Hamilton were only 15. Then, Rick "Rock" McMurray joined the band as drummer and Charlotte Haterley (who left the band in 2006) as second guitar and vocalist.

Other websites 

 Official Ash Site
 The Ash Files – Ash live recordings resource, moderated by the band themselves
 Ash Photography 
 Ash at Reading festival  & Leeds festival 
 Interview in LeftLion Magazine 2007
 Ash interview (Oct 2007) on Record Overplayed webzine
 Twilight of the Innocents interview
 Ash A-Z singles Interview on God Is In The TV Zine 

British rock bands
Irish rock bands
Pop punk bands
Tomáš Kopecký (pronounced "koh-PEHT-skee"; born February 5, 1982 in Ilava, Czechoslovakia) is a former professional Slovakian ice hockey player that played as a left winger for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played four seasons with the Detroit Red Wings and played 2 seasons with the Chicago Blackhawks. He is married and has two sons named Jakub and Tobias.

In 2010, He won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Blackhawks making him a two-time Stanley Cup champion.

Career statistics

Awards
He won the Stanley Cup in 2008. (Detroit Red Wings)
He was a member of the 2010 Member of the Slovakia Winter Olympic Team.
He won the Stanley Cup in 2010. (Chicago Blackhawks)

References

Other websites 

1982 births
American Hockey League players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Lethbridge Hurricanes players
Living people
Slovak ice hockey players
Stanley Cup champions
Ice hockey centres
Salcea is a town of Suceava County in northern Romania.  9,194 people were living in Salcea as of 2000.

Other websites
 Aeroportul Suceava, Salcea

Towns in Suceava County
Kim Seong-Su (; Hanja 金性洙, October 11, 1881-February 18, 1955), the second vice-president of the Republic of Korea (대한민국; 大韓民國), was a politician, educationist, journalist, and founder of Kyung-Sung textile Co. (경성방직회사; 京城紡織會社) , the Dong-A Ilbo(동아일보; 東亞日報), and Korea University(고려대학교; 高麗大學校). After he died he was given the Order of Merit for National Foundation(건국훈장; 建國勳章). He is also known by his pen name Inchon (인촌; 仁村)

Life

Early life 
Kim Seong-Su was born on October 11 1891, in Gochang(고창; 高昌), Jeollabuk-do(전라북도; 全羅北道), South Korea. He graduated from Waseda University in Japan in 1914, majoring in Political Science and Economics. After returning home, he took over Jung-Ang High School, which was in financial difficulties, and took office as the president in 1917. Also, he founded Kyung-Sung textile Co. in 1919 in order to realize Korea’s economic independence from Japan and to foster its national capital. He launched the Dong-A Ilbo in 1920 and took charge of Boseong College (보성전문학교; 普成專門學校), the predecessor of the present Korea University.

Pro-Japanese 
In 1938, he was a promoter of the Federation for National Mobilization of Korean(국민정신총동원조선연맹; 國民精神總動員朝鮮聯盟), which was one of the pro-Japanese groups. He also took part in several pro-Japanese activities, writing articles which admired student soldiers and the draft system for Japan. Due to these activities, he was included in the list of 3,090 pro-Japanese collaborators released by the Institute for Research in Collaborationist Activities(민족문제연구소; 民族問題硏究所) in 2008.

After Korean Liberation 

After the Independence from the Japan Occupation on August 15 1945, in 1946 he became the governor of Korea Democratic Party(한국민주당; 韓國民主黨) and the ninth president of the Dong-A Ilbo. He was opposed to U.S. trusteeship of Sourh Korea and in 1949 he took office as the supreme council of Democratic National Party(민주국민당; 民主國民黨). He was inaugurated as the second vice president of South Korea in 1951, but resigned the following year because he was against the dictatorial powers of President Rhee Syng-man(이승만; 李承晩). The same year he became an adviser of Democratic National Party and then, continued to take part in the nongovernment party. He was posthumously awarded the Republic of Korea Medal of Order of Merit for National Foundation in 1962.

Related pages
 Dong-A Ilbo
 Korea University
 Song Jin-woo
 Jungang high School
 Korean Democratic Party
 Rhee Syng-man
 Kim Gu
 Kim Kyusik
 Shin Ik-hye
 Chang Myon
 Yun Chi-Young
 Yun Chi-Ho
 Yun Posun

Other websites 
 Kim Seong-Su on Doopedia 
 Incheon Kim Seung-Su Memorial Conference

1881 births
1955 deaths
Anti-Communists
Korean educators
South Korean journalists
Vice Presidents of South Korea
Sarrasani is the name of a famous German circus. It was resident in Dresden. Later it became known as national circus of Argentina.

Sarrasani was founded by the clown Hans Stosch. His stage name was Giovanni Sarrasani. He came 1901 to Radebeul. The circus had its official premiere 1902 in Meißen. In the year 1912 a stationary circus building opened in Dresden. The circus often performed abroad. It had two famous labels, the Elephants and the Sioux.

Stosch-Sarrasani sen. died 1934 in São Paulo. His son Hans Stosch-Sarrasani jun. followed him as director. He died in 1941 in Berlin. His widow took directorship. The Sarrasani theater was destroyed on 13 February 1945 during the World War II.

Trude Stosch-Sarrasani emigrated to Argentina. She re-launched the circus in Buenos Aires. Perón and Evita declared Sarrasani Circo nacional Argentino. The Argentine Sarrasani existed until 1972. 

The artist Fritz Mey re-launched the German Sarrasani in 1956. His partner, Ingrid Wimmer, was adopted by Trude Stosch-Sarrasani in 1976. André Sarrasani, son of Fritz Mey and Ingrid Wimmer, leads the circus since 2000. Sarrasani came back to Dresden in 1990 for the first time after 45 years. André Sarrasani performs today in Dresden the Dinner-Varieté-Show Trocadero.

Trude Stosch-Sarrasani died the 6 of June 2009.

Literature 
 Stosch-Sarrasani, Hans: Durch die Welt im Zirkuszelt. Berlin Schützen-Verl. 1940.
 Günther, Ernst: Sarrasani. Geschichte und Geschichten. Dresden Saxo-Phon. 2005.
 Weaver, Jace: Other words: American Indian literature, law, and culture, Vol. 39 of American Indian literature and critical studies series. University of Oklahoma Press, 2001

Other websites 

 Photos at Deutsche Fotothek
 Sarrasani in Dresden

Entertainment in Germany
War (also spelled Waar) or Amwi is an Austro-Asiatic language spoken by about 16,000 people in Bangladesh and 12,000 people in the Republic of India.

References

Languages of Bangladesh
Languages of India
Supernova (; stylized as SUPERNOVA) is a six-member Korean Pop boy band. Its members are Yunhak, Sungje, Sungmo, Kwangsu, Jihyuk and Geonil. They debuted through the M.net M! PICK season 6 in 2007 and belong to Korean record company Core Contents Media. From 2007 to 2018 they were known in Korean as Choshinsung 

At first, Choshinsung was a five-member boy band but it was turned to a six-member through many times of changing their members. For this reason, they had to put their debut on after 1 year and recorded their album again. Before the debut all of members participated in commercial movies and other singer’s music videos. Then, they debuted through M.net M! PICK which is a TV program of picking up new faces for making Korean entertainers in August 2nd, 2007.

Members

Drama 

Japan
 Choshinsung – 2010 君にラヴソングを (Kimi ni Love Song wo)
 Choshinsung – 2011 僕たちのアフタースクール (Bokutachi After☆School)
 Yoonhak – 2010 恋するキムチ (Love Kimchi)

Korea
 Choshinsung – 2011 SBS 싸인 (SIGN)
 Geonil – 2003 상두야,학교가자! (Sang Doo, Let's Go To School)
 Geonil – 2004 사랑을 할꺼야 (Love is All Around)
 Geonil – 2009 혼 （魂） (Soul)
 Geonil – 2011 근초고왕 (King Geunchogo)
 Geonil – 2012 아모레미오 (Amore Mio)
 Kwangsoo – 2011 레알스쿨 (Real School) Sitcom
 Jihyuk – 2011 총각네 야채가게 (Bachelor's Vegetable Store)
 Sungje, Kwangsoo – 2012 일년에 열두 남자 (Twelve Men in a Year)

Music Video

Albums 

Korea
 1집 The Beautiful Stardust (2007)
 미니앨범 Time To Shine (2010)

Japan
 1st  hana (2009)
 2nd ★★★★★★ (2010)
 3rd Hop Step Jumping！(2010)
 4th 4U (2011)

Awards 
 Cyworld Digital Music Awards: Ting's Choice Artist award <TTL> (2009)

References

Other websites 
 Mnet Media Official Site 
 Choshinsung Korea Official Site  
 Choshinsung Japan Official Site  
 Cho Shin Sung Indonesia Supporter 
 Supernova Indonesia Fanbase  

South Korean boy bands
J-pop bands
K-pop music groups
2007 establishments in South Korea
The Temple of Castor and Pollux is a Roman temple that worshipped the Gods, Castor and Pollux. This temple was based in the famous Roman Forum which is now in ruins.

Ancient Rome
Ancient Greek and Roman temples and shrines
Sonic the Hedgehog 3 is the third video game in the Sonic the Hedgehog series. It was made by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Mega Drive in 1994. You can play as Sonic the Hedgehog or Miles "Tails" Prower, or both (Tails follows Sonic and does what Sonic does if you play this way). Dr. Eggman is called Dr. Robotnik in the North American and European version of the game.

Story 

The game begins after what happened in the previous game, Sonic the Hedgehog 2. In Sonic 2, Sonic and Tails defeated Dr. Eggman on his giant spaceship called the Death Egg. It then exploded and landed on Angel Island, an island that floats in the air. Knuckles lives on Angel Island. He guards the Master Emerald, which is a big green gem that makes the island float. Dr. Eggman knows that the Master Emerald is very powerful. He wants to steal it, because he could fix the Death Egg with that power. He tricks Knuckles and tells him that Sonic and Tails are thieves and they want to steal the Master Emerald. Soon, Sonic and Tails arrive on Angel Island because they have seen that the Death Egg has fallen there. However, Knuckles surprises them, and takes away the Chaos Emeralds Sonic and Tails have collected.

How to play the game 

The point of the game is to collect Rings, defeat robots and get to the end of a Zone.

In Sonic 3, there are six Zones. Every Zone has got two levels, which are named "acts" in the game. At the end of every act 1, you've got to fight one of Dr. Eggman's robots, and at the end of every act 2, you've got to fight Dr. Eggman himself. There are small robots called "Badniks" in the acts. Most of them can be destroyed if you jump on them. If the badnik is destroyed, a little animal jumps out of it. 

Rings are floating in the air and they are gold. If you collect 100 and 200 Rings, you get a life. If you have no Rings and something hits you (for example, a badnik, spike, or Dr. Eggman), you lose a life. 

There are also Starposts in the acts. If you hit a Starpost, it will spin for a bit, and if you lose a life, you restart at the last Starpost you touched. Starposts can be used to go to the Bonus Stage, if you touch them if you have 50 or more Rings. Then, a ring made of stars will spin above the Starpost, and if you jump into it, you go to the Bonus Stage.

Notes 

Sonic the Hedgehog games
1994 video games
Platform games
Sega Genesis games
Video games developed in Japan
Video game sequels
Sheila Chesed de Almeida Mello (born 23 July 1978) is a Brazilian dancer, actress and model. She became famous for dancing in the band É o Tchan!

Biography 
Was born in Cidade Ademar, vila imperio, a district on the outskirts of São Paulo. Before becoming known for her participation in the group É o Tchan!, Sheila graduated in both classical ballet and in modern ballet.
''Her entry to the group É o Tchan! came in 1998 through a contest held to choose a replacement for the dancer Carla Perez who left the group. Immediately after her victory she posed nude for the first time in Playboy magazine. She was on the cover in the other two editions, one next to Sheila Carvalho, her colleague É o Tchan. In October 2007, she posed naked again, this time for the magazine Sexy.

 Movies 
 2007: Alphaville 2007 d.C
 2007: Segurança Nacional

 Theatre 
 Herótica - Cartilha Feminina Para Homens Machos (direction: Darson Ribeiro)
 Caldé e os Peixes Que Aprendem a Nadar no Ar (direction: Marcelo Lazzaratti)
 Gretta Garbo Quem Diria, Acabou no Irajá (direction: Hilton Have)
 O Santo e a Porca (direction: Ednaldo Freire)
 Viúva, Porém Honesta (direction: Fábio Marcof)
 A Invasão (direction: Gabriel Carmona)
 Caminhos da Independência Uma Empregada Quase Perfeita (direction: Mirian Lins)
 2/4 no Motel'' (direction: Flávio Colatrello)

Discography

Singles 
 2003: Água
 2009: Tic Tac
 2009: Renascerá

Television 
 2009: A Fazenda 2

References

Other websites 
 Official site 
 
 Biografia di Sheila Mello 

1978 births
Living people
Brazilian actors
Brazilian models
Seattle Sounders FC is a team in Major League Soccer (MLS) that plays in Seattle, Washington. It was founded in 2007 and began playing in 2009. Their name, which comes from the name of two older teams in Seattle, was chosen by fans in 2008. The club's majority owner is Adrian Hanauer, and its minority owners are the estate of Paul Allen, Drew Carey, and a group of 11 Seattle-area families that includes Russell Wilson, his wife Ciara, and Macklemore. Many fans are in groups and also a 53-member band called Sound Wave plays at every home game. Their rivals, the Portland Timbers and Vancouver Whitecaps, play against the Seattle in the Cascadia Cup every year. Brian Schmetzer is the team's head coach.

The team was the 15th MLS team and first played in the 2009 season. At every Seattle game, all of the seats were sold and the fans set a new record for average (or middle) match attendance, while the team also sold more season tickets than anyone else in the MLS. The Seattle Sounders FC finished their first year in the MLS playoffs, but lost in the semi-finals. The team did win their first trophy, the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup, and became the second team to do so in their first year. The Sounders went on to win the U.S. Open Cup in 2010 and 2011 as well, becoming the first team in over 40 years to win that competition three straight times. They won again in 2014, also winning the Supporters' Shield. In 2016, Seattle won their first MLS Cup; they returned to the final the following year and lost.

References

Notes

2000s establishments in Washington (state)
2007 establishments in the United States
American soccer teams
Sports in Seattle, Washington
Florence Glenda Ballard Chapman (June 30, 1943 – February 22, 1976) was an American rhythm and blues singer. She was one of the founders of The Supremes. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. She died in Detroit from coronary thrombosis.

1943 births
1976 deaths
Deaths from coronary thrombosis
African American musicians
American R&B musicians
Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States
Singers from Detroit, Michigan
Amanda Marie Knox (born July 9, 1987, Seattle, Washington) is an American author who was imprisoned without bail bond in Italy for 4 years during the trial and acquittal of the 2007 murder of Meredith Kercher, her British college housemate, in Perugia, Italy. On October 3, 2011, she was cleared of murder after an appeal trial. The sentence was declared invalid in March 2013. She was sentenced to 28 years and six months in jail in late January 2014. Her murder conviction was overturned for a final appeal in March 2015. Knox wrote about her treatment by Italian authorities and her prison problems in her 2013 memoir, Waiting to Be Heard.

Knox was, at the time of the murder, a 20-year-old University of Washington language student who shared a flat with Kercher. She was in Perugia attending the University for Foreigners for one year, studying Italian, German and creative writing. Knox met her boyfriend Raffaele Sollecito at a classical music concert held on October 25, 2007, which she attended with Kercher at the University for Foreigners. When Kercher left at the intermission, Sollecito met Knox.

Knox and her boyfriend Sollecito were put on trial. At the time of the murder on November 1, 2007, Kercher's house keys, rent money of 300 euros (~$450), and 2 mobile phones had been missing, but the phones were found in the bushes by a neighbor, several blocks away, when Knox called Kercher's numbers the next morning after finding the front door ajar. The prosecution claimed a knife fight with Sollecito had begun after Knox and Kercher had argued about the stolen rent money, as stated by convicted suspect Rudy Guede (whose DNA was found on the body and purse). However, Amanda Knox had over $4,000 in her bank account at the time, and said she had no motive. Sollecito's DNA was found in the kitchen ashtray and outside Kercher's door frame, where he tried to push the door, but not inside the room nor on the body. Sollecito was sent to prison for 25 years, and Knox for 26 years.

They both appealed their sentences.
At the first appeal trial in 2011, a man claimed to have seen Knox and Sollecito by a town square near the house that night, when other people were wearing costume masks, but Halloween had been 2 nights earlier, not the night of the murder. The first appeal verdict was given on October 3, 2011, and Knox and Sollecito were freed from prison on that date.

In January 2014, Amanda Knox and her prior lover Rafael Sollecito were again found guilty by the Italian higher court, which overturned the first appeal. Sollecito was stopped by Italian Police when he tried to cross the border with Austria, after the verdict.

In March 2015, at their fourth trial, Knox and Sollecito were acquitted of Kercher's murder by Italy's top appeal court. Despite being cleared of the murder charge, the guilty verdict against Knox for the slander of Patrick Lumumba - a bar owner she falsely accused of the crime - has been upheld.

References

1987 births
Living people
American criminals
People acquitted of murder
Writers from Seattle, Washington
In some countries, Habilitation is a step toward becoming a professor that comes after people receive their Ph. D. (doctor of philosophy or "doctorate").

Education
Hi! Seoul Festival is a seasonal festival sponsored by Seoul Metropolitan Government and others. 
It has been held for each season – spring, summer, fall, and winter - every year in Seoul, South Korea since 2003.

Themes 
Hi Seoul Festival has four different themes for every season. For example, the theme of spring is usually “palace” Seoul Festival of the Han River is held in summer season. Usually during fall, the theme of the festival is "art". Also, there is Seoul Festival of Lights for winter season.

Other websites 
 Hi Seoul Festival

Seoul
Festivals in Asia
2003 establishments in South Korea
Mandu (만두; 饅頭) are Chinese-style dumplings from Korea. Mandu were introduced in Korea in the middle of the Joseon dynasty.

They are made from flour stuffed with meat and vegetables. This filling is called so (소). Pork is the most common meat for so, but beef, chicken, or pheasant can also be ingredients of mandu. Vegetables are typically carrots, cucumbers, onions, and bean sprouts. Other additional ingredients are kimchi, tofu, or chopped noodles made from sweet potatoes. They can be fried, boiled, steamed or even baked, and each type has a different name. Mandu are usually served with soy sauce mixed with vinegar for dipping.

They were traditionally made only in the early winter or for a holiday. However, in modern times, they are an everyday food.

References 
 http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=59581

Korean food
James Neville Mason (15 May 1909 - 27 July 1984) was an English actor. He reached stardom in both British and American movies. He was born in Huddersfield, West Riding of Yorkshire. He died in Lausanne, Switzerland from a heart attack at the age of 75. He played Humbert Humbert in Lolita (1962).

Filmography
The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951)
Julius Caesar (1953)
A Star Is Born (1954)
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954)
Lolita (1962)
The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964)
The Boys from Brazil (1978)
Murder by Decree (1979)

Other websites 

1909 births
1984 deaths
Actors from Yorkshire
British screenwriters
Cardiovascular disease deaths in Switzerland
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English movie actors
English movie producers
English stage actors
English television actors
Golden Globe Award winners
People from Huddersfield
Writers from Yorkshire
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind is a 2004 American romantic drama movie set in New York. It was released on March 19, 2004. It was directed by Michel Gondry, a well-known French director of Human Nature, and the story of the movie was written by Charlie Kaufman of Being John Malkovich and Adaptation and Pierre Bismuth as well as Gondry. Jim Carrey, famous for his acting in several comedy movies such as The Mask and Bruce Almighty, and Kate Winslet, a heroine of Titanic, starred in this movie as main characters both of whom are struggling to erase their memories of love.

The story of this movie is about memory erasure of a couple who once loved each other but now, suffer from the memories of their love. Joel Barish (Jim Carrey) decides to erase his memory about his girlfriend, Clementine Kruczynski (Kate Winslet), after he discovered that she had removed all of her memories about him. He goes to see Dr. Howard Mierzwiak (Tom Wilkinson) of Lacuna Inc., a firm that helps people erase their painful, heartbreaking memories with a special brain map processing, and asks the doctor to erase his memory. However, while the memory erasure is ongoing, he faces with their earlier memories that are so passionate, sweet and precious that they should never be deleted. Although Joel tries to wake up and stop getting rid of her from his mind, Dr. Mierswiak and his employees keep going on the process. Joel eventually gets to the last memory, disappearing with the last words of Clementine saying, “Meet me in Montauk.” Other than the story of main characters, the staff members of Lacuna Inc. such as Mary (Kirsten Dunst), and Patrick (Elijah Wood) also have some related stories which will be a key for the ending of this movie.

The director tells people two quotes by Mary’s words in the movie. The first one is from Friedrich Nietzsche’s saying, “Blessed are the forgetful, for they get the better even of their blunders.” The second one is from Alexander Pope’s poem, “How happy is the blameless vestal's lot! The world forgetting, by the world forgot. Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind! Each prayer accepted, and each wish resigned.” The title of this movie, “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind” is from this quote.

Other websites
 Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind Official site
 Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind The Internet Movie Database

2004 romance movies
2004 drama movies
2000s romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Movies set in New York
American independent movies
Movies directed by Michel Gondry
Go-Stop (; also called Godori) is a Korean card game which uses Hanafuda. Hanafuda cards have 48 cards. 4 cards are 1 set and 12 sets mean 12 months. Normally, 3 players play Go-Stop, but it is possible to play with 2 players or among more than 4 players. 

Go-Stop is played for fun among friends or family members. But it also can be a kind of gambling. In recent years, Go-Stop became one of the most popular online board games in Korea with the development of internet.

Rules 
The rules of this game are different in different places, but the basic rules are the same. After deciding which player will go first, every player gets 7 cards and 6 cards which are placed upside down on the floor. The first player takes one card of his own out of his hand to pair the cards, and the game starts. It turns counter clockwise. Points are calculated by the cards that players get. If someone gets 3 points which are the minimum points to win, he can choose "Go" or "Stop". If he chooses "Stop", other players need to pay money according to the point of the winner, and then the game is finished. The winner is the first player in a new game. If he chooses "Go", the game continues. The player who chose "Go" needs to get another 1 point to select again "Go" or "Stop". But if one of other players gets 3 points before the player who chose "Go" gets another 1 point, the player who gets 3 points can stop the game as a winner. If it occurs, the player who chose "Go" should pay for the other player's money to the winner including his own. This is the specific rule that makes Go-Stop interesting.

Card games
Korean culture
Edward Scissorhands is a 1990 American romantic fantasy movie directed by Tim Burton. Caroline Thompson wrote the screenplay. Danny Elfman, a composer and musician from the band Oingo Boingo, wrote and performed the music in this movie. The role of Edward was played by Johnny Depp, with Winona Ryder playing Kim, his love interest. After making this movie, Ryder became much more famous. Depp and Burton were a successful combination after this movie. Many of Burton's movies after Edward Scissorhands star Depp.

Plot 
It starts with an old woman telling a story about snow to her granddaughter. The story is about an unhappy young man named Edward, who had scissors instead of hands. A saleswoman of Avon, Peg, visits the house on the top of the mountain in her town. There lived Edward. Edward was created by a lonely inventor. He was left unfinished because the inventor died before giving him human hands. Peg felt pity for him and took him home. He was welcomed in the village. The neighbors got to like him more because of his talent in gardening and hair cutting. Jim, Kim's boyfriend, tried to use Edward's skill of unlocking doors without a scratch for stealing money from his own father. However, the security system was operating and Edward was locked in the room alone, where he was later caught. After then, Jim started to dislike Edward. Later, when Edward caught saw that Kim was enjoying the snow outside, Edward made an ice sculpture of her. Jim called out her name, causing Edward to jump, and he accidentally cut Kim's hand. However, Jim claimed that it was intentional. Also, when Edward saved Kevin from a car accident, he was misunderstood. People thought he was trying to hurt Kevin. Edward was suspected by all the people in the village. So he went back to the castle he was living in. Jim followed him and tried to hurt him, but Edward stabbed Jim and pushed him out of the window of the castle, killing him. Kim wanted to protect Edward. So she lied to a villager, saying that they killed each other. The story ends with a scene in which it is revealed that the old woman telling the story was Kim.

Other websites 

1990 drama movies
1990 romance movies
1990s fantasy movies
1990s romantic drama movies
American fantasy movies
American romantic drama movies
English-language movies
Movies about suburbia
Saturn Award winners
20th Century Fox movies
Lippstadt is a planned city in Westphalia. About 67,000 people lived there in 2008. The city is about 70 km east of Dortmund, and about 30 km west of Paderborn.

History
The city was founded in 1185. It is the oldest founded city in Westphalia. Founded cities did not grow from earlier settlements; they were made as cities from the beginning. Lippstadt is known because there were many witch trials in the city, especially between 1565 and 1573. The priest Anton Praetorius wrote in 1613, that "Nail-smith Ebert Balve and his sister, a baker were released from prison, despite protests from the population. They had been tortured for a long time, and they had withdrawn their confessions." This witchcraft trial left a lasting impression on Praetorius and may have changed his thinking. In 1597, he risked his life so that the torture of a woman be stopped. Later, he continued to fight against witch-trials and torture through his writings. There were more witch trials in Lippstadt between 1630 and 1677.

Cities in North Rhine-Westphalia
Soest Rural District
Pansori is defined as a Korean traditional narrative song that one sorikkun(Korean: 소리꾼), a singer, weaves a story with chang(song), aniri(descriptive speech), and nurumsae(motion). The name of the song is also known as gapga, bonsaga, changga in Chinese, but it has been called pansori in Korean. The term pansori first appeared in 'Mae-il Shin bo' (the name of the newspaper in 1910s in Korea) in 1913. Pansori is a performing art which one sorikkun, and one gosu (a drummer playing a barrel drum called buk (Korean: 북)) sing a song of a long story to the audience. 'Pan' in pansori means 'a place where many people gather', and 'sori' means 'sound'. Pansori represents voluntariness and impromptu which are the characteristics of Korean traditional music. For example, before Heung-rok Song period it had been orally narrated without any exact scripts by extemporarily inserting songs handed down orally and witty remarks into the stories taught by a master.

Characteristics 
Pansori is a professional art which requires sorikkun to have a high level of singing skill. Also, it is a performing art because one singer takes roles of various characters in a story. Music, literature, and play are the key elements that coexist in pansori. It was established as an independent performing art by associating with many adjacent genres of Korean traditional music such as Minyo, Mooga(songs that shamans sing in a performance of exorcism), Sijo, Japga(a folk music sung by common people during the latter part of Joseon dynasty), and Gasa. It is also the only genre that started with popular arts and led to ethnic arts in Korea.

Ba-tang sori and Toe-mak sori
There is an opinion that in the traditional society Pansori indicated Ba-tang sori (Korea:바탕소리, a song that includes the whole story) and if a singer sang certain parts of a story, usually famous parts, it was called just 'sori'. Today if a singer sing a full story, it is called Ba-tang sori whereas, if a singer sing just some parts of the story, the sori is called Toe-mak (Korean:토막)sori or Ma-di (Korean: 마디)sori. Toe-mak sori was mainly sung by sorikkun in the 20th century. However, after Dong-Jin Park, a famous male sorikkun, sang the full story of Heungbuga for five hours in 1968, many sorikkun tried to sing Ba-tang sori which requires sorikkun more efforts to sing.

Related pages
 Pungmul

References
www.pansoree.com 

Korean culture
1913 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in South Korea
Lord of War is a crime thriller movie released in September 2005. It is directed by Andrew Nicole and starred Nicolas Cage, Ethan Hawke, Jared Leto and Bridget Moynahan. It deals with a story of gunrunner, named Yuri, who deals in arms trafficking. It is based on a real person named Victor Bout who was a notorious arms dealer.

The movie describes a person who deals in firearms as a "Merchant of Death", since by selling guns to people, Yuri is selling and bringing them death. At the end of the movie, an additional credit title points out the irony in that the five biggest arms exporting countries, the U.S., UK, Russia, France and China, are also the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.

Story 
The main character Yuri Orlov (played by Nicolas Cage) is a Ukrainian-American. He persuaded his brother Vitaly (Jared Leto) to be his partner in his arms trafficking business. They made a great success. Another important character, Jack Valentine (Ethan Hawke), is an Interpol agent. Jack finds out that Yuri is a gunrunner. From the first moment Jack met Yuri until the ending, he tried to arrest Yuri but every time Yuri escaped capture. At the last moment when Yuri finally got caught by Jack, Yuri said to Jack that he would never be sent to jail because he himself was a "necessary evil". He also told Jack that the U.S. government, which Jack was working for, also knew that and they needed arms dealers just like Yuri. In the end, Yuri got freed from capture and kept his business for the purpose of arming people in the world.

Other websites 
Lord of War on Rottentomatoes

2005 movies
American crime thriller movies
English-language movies
Lionsgate movies
Westphalia () is a region in Germany. The cities of Arnsberg, Bielefeld, Bochum, Detmold, Dortmund, Gelsenkirchen, Hagen, Minden and Münster are in  its centre. In 1946, the state of North Rhine-Westphalia was created, which includes part of the historical region.

Westphalia is roughly the region between the rivers Rhine and Weser, north and south of the Ruhr River. During the course of history, different places and regions were called "Westphalia", the borders of the region can therefore not be defined exactly, as they depend on the entity and time talked about. For the same reason, there are different specifications of its area and number of people. They range between  in land area, and between 4.3 million and 8 million people. There is a consensus that Münster, Bielefeld and Dortmund are part of Westphalia.

A linguistic definition of Westphalia (see Westphalian language) includes the former Prussian Province of Westphalia (except Siegen-Wittgenstein), Lippe, the region around Osnabrück and the greater area of the Emsland. Present-day common use, however, often restricts the notion to the present part of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Westphalia is known for the 1648 Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War, as the two treaties were signed in Münster and Osnabrück.

Geography of North Rhine-Westphalia
Regions of Germany
Empress Myeongseong (19 October 1851 – 8 October 1895), also known as Queen Min, was the official wife of King Gojong. King Gojong was the twenty-sixth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. In 1902, she was given the honorary name of Hyoja Wonseong Jeonghwa Hapcheon Honggong Seongdeok Myeongseong Taehwanghu (Hangul: 효자원성정화합천홍공성덕명성태황후, Hanja: 孝慈元聖正化合天洪功誠德明成太皇后). It is usually shortened to Myeongseong Hwanghu (Hangul: 명성황후, Hanja: 明成皇后).

The Japanese felt that she was being politically unhelpful to them. After China was defeated in the First Sino-Japanese War, Queen Min tried to get help from Russia instead. She wanted to stop Japanese influence from spreading in Joseon, where it was getting stronger.

In the early morning of October 8, 1895, men who said that they were commanded by Miura Gorō went into Gyeongbok Palace. When they went into the Queen's Quarters (Okhoru), they killed three women whom they thought were Empress Myeongseong. When they proved that one of the women was Queen Min, they burned her body in a forest in front of the Okhoru.

In South Korea, people have recently begun showing interest in Queen Min. Novels and musicals have been made about her.

Early life 
Empress Myeongseong (Min Jayoung) was born at 1851, as the daughter of Min Chirok in the province of Gyeonggi. She lost her father when she was eight, and grew in a scanty livelihood. Because the Heungseon Daewongun who was the father of King Gojong and the most powerful politician in that period, wanted the queen who had no political ambition or close relatives who would influence the queen, she was chosen as the queen of the Gojong by the recommendation of Yeoheung Budaebuin who was the mother of the King.

As a new queen 
At first, she was not wecomed in the palace. Her husband already had a concubine, and no one helped her in palace. But she decided to confront with her father-in-law Heungseon Daewongun, because of the heir problem. She started to be active in politics, and made her relatives royal officers. The queen finally forced the Heungseon Daewongun to retire by arguing that Gojong, now twenty-two, should govern in his own right and banished the concubine. However, her policies about foreign countries made complaints from commons, and eventually the army rebelled against her, and for the Heungseon Daewongun to be restored. She evacuated from the palace, and returned by depending on Chinese army.

References 

1851 births
1895 deaths
Emperors and empresses
The Promethea Moth (Callosamia promethea) is a species of moth.  It belongs in the family Saturniidae.  It is also known as the Promethea Silkmoth or the Spicebush Silkmoth.

Description
The male has dark brownish-black wings.  There is a faint white line that runs down the center of both wings.  There is pinkish coloring near the tip of the fore wing (the top wing).  The female is bright reddish-pink or a brownish color.  Both genders have tan colored wing edges.  The wingspan measures 7.5-9.5 cm.

Range
The Promethea Moth is found in the eastern half of the United States.  It is also found in the lower parts of eastern Canada.

Life cycle
Mating happens from afternoon to early evening.  Egg-laying begins at night.  Females are attracted to lights, but males are not.  Females lay 2-12 eggs in a cluster on the host plant (the host plant is the plant that the caterpillar eats).  The yound caterpillars feed together on the underside of leaves.  They are greenish yellow and striped with black.  The older caterpillars do not feed together.  They are almost all green except for 4 red knobs above the thorax and 1 yellow knob on the eighth abdominal segment.  The caterpillar makes a cocoon within a leaf.  The cocoon is firmly attached to the lower branches of the host plant.  The Promethea Moth has 1 brood in the northern part of its range (which flies from June-July).  It has 2 or more broods in the southern part of its range (which fly from March-May and again from July-August).

Host plants
Here is a list of host plants that the caterpillars feed on:

Acer - maple
Betula - birch
Cephalanthus - buttonbush
Fraxinus - ash
Halesia - silver bell
Laurus nobilis - Sweet Bay
Lindera benzoin - Spicebush
Liquidambar - sweet gum
Liriodendron tulipifera - Tulip-tree
Magnolia - magnolia
Malus - apple
Prunus serotina - Wild Black Cherry
Sassafras - sassafras
Symplocos tinctoria - Horse Sugar
Syringa - lilac
Tilia - basswood

References

Saturniidae
Negros Oriental, sometimes called Oriental Negros (East Negros), is a province in the Philippines. It is one of two provinces found on Negros Island.

Provinces of the Philippines
Silla was one of the kingdoms of ancient Korea. It existed from 57 BC to 935 and is famous as the longest sustained country in Korean history. The name, Silla, implies that the virtuous achievements of the king are renewed every day and extended all over the world. 

Silla was founded by King Park Hyeokgeose in 57 BC, around Gyeongju in the southeast part of the Korean peninsula. Although Silla was founded earlier than Goguryeo and Baekje which coexisted with Silla during that time, it took more time for Silla to build firm government structure than those kingdoms. However, around the 6th century, by accepting Buddhism, Silla made its royal power stronger. Around the 7th century, Silla acquired the Han river area, which was the most important area in Korean history. Finally, Silla conquered Baekje in 660 and Goguryeo in 668, with the Tang Dynasty of China as an ally.

In the last stage of Silla, the king and noblemen indulged in extravagance, and it provoked the people to rebellion. The later three kingdom period began as Gyeon Hwon founded a new country, later Baekje, succeeding the ancient Baekje, and Gung Ye built Taebong succeeding ancient Goguryeo. Silla could not withstand their growing force, and finally surrendered to Goryeo in 935 and collapsed.

References

History of Korea
50s BC establishments
930s disestablishments in Asia
935 disestablishments
Ahn Cheol-soo (born February 26, 1962) is a Korean businessman, doctor and professor. He is famous as the developer of the computer anti-virus software program, V3. He is the founder and CEO of the Ahn Lab. He is now a professor at Seoul National University.

Ahn was the People's Party nominee for the presidential election in 2017. He was most recently a founding co-leader of the People's Party alongside Chun Jung-bae.

Personal History 
Ahn Chul-soo was born in Pusan in 1962. He graduated from the medical school of Seoul National University. He went on to do graduate work in medical science at Seoul National University. He received a master's degree in medical school and he holds a doctorate in medicine.

During the course, he found a computer virus, one of the first viruses, called the Brain, on his floppy diskette. He started to analyze and develop the vaccine software program. He also uploaded the program, and wrote about it in the magazine Microsoft, a technical magazine which covers computer programs. He upgraded the vaccine program and introduced the V2, V2 Plus to the public with adding the function which can cure the LBC and Jerusalem viruses. He finally introduced the V3 program, now a very important software program for Korean computer users.

He has been a chief of the Dankook University medical school. However, he decided to become a doctor of computers. He founded the Ahn Lab, a special venture business for developing computer vaccine programs. He also received an Executive MBA course in University of Pennsylvania, Wharton school. He completed the venture business course in Stanford University.

Awards 
Bronze Tower Industrial Award by Ministry of Knowledge Economy Korea
Young Engineer Award by National Academy of Engineering of Korea (NAEK)
Voted as ASIA STAR 25 by Business Week
Voted as Leader of Korea 18 by World Economic Forum (WEF)

References 

1962 births
Living people
People from Busan
South Korean businesspeople
Physicians
Computer scientists
The Just-World phenomenon is when people think that because bad things happen to someone, they did something to deserve the bad things. The concept is a lot like Karma, except it is more like a popular superstition instead of a religious belief. The phenomenon also happens in reverse, with good things being deserved.

Examples
Amy is watching Bob cook. Bob gets burnt by the hot frying pan. Amy assumes this is because Bob did something mean to Amy's friend Charles. (Here, the Just-World phenomenon is happening in Amy's mind. Bob getting burnt has nothing to do with Charles.)
Albert is watching Brianna walk across the room. when Brianna touches the doorknob, she is shocked by static electricity. Albert decides that this is because she does not give to charity. (Brianna giving to charity has nothing to do with getting shocked. She was walking across the carpet in socks, which is why she was shocked.)
Brianna watches Albert buy a lottery ticket. Albert later wins. Brianna thinks this is because Albert said "thank you" when buying the ticket.

Related pages
Karma

Ethics
Logical fallacies
The Metropolitan Cammell Carriage and Wagon Company (MCCW) (often called Metro Cammell) was a manufacturer of railway carriages and wagons. They were based in Saltley - and later Washwood Heath - in Birmingham, England. They are best known for making most of the trains on the London Underground and some first generation diesel multiple units, until they were sold to French company Alstom in 1989.

Other websites 
 MCW archives at the Historical Model Railway Society, at Butterley in Derbyshire 
 Birmingham City Council Public Records Office also has an archive of old Metro Cammell material

Defunct companies of the United Kingdom
Rail vehicles manufacturers
Birmingham
1989 disestablishments in Europe
1980s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Ewha Girls' High School was the first school for girls in Korea, and was called Ewha Hackdang at first. It is located in Jeong-dong, Jungu, Seoul, Korea. It was founded by Mary Scranton who came to Korea as a Christian missionary in 1885. This school opened in 1886 as a mission school, and the name "Ewha"  was granted by Gojong, the 26th king of the Joseon dynasty. It literally means pear blossoms, but the internal meaning is "Be white, clear, innocent like pear blossoms". Ewha Girls' High School is one of the first private schools that are allowed to have autonomy, since 2010.

Great women in history from Ewha

Yu Kwan Soon
The most famous person who has graduated from this high school is Yu Kwan Soon. She was one of the leaders of a great independence movement called the "3.1 movement" while she was in school. At that time, Korea was under the domination of Japan, and the school had to close. Even though she was a young girl student, she resisted with great courage, and died in prison. Later, people praised her bravery, and she got the Order of Merit for National Foundation for effort on independence in 1962, and the Honor Ewha Girls' High School diploma in 1996.

Lee Hui Ho
The wife of Kim Dae Jung, the 15th president of Korea. She was the manager of Young Women's Christian Association of Korea. She was also the director of Korean National Council of Women.

Facilities 
They have the eight-story main hall, EWHA 100th Memorial Hall, and library building which was donated from Jeon In Hang. There are also a gymnasium, which is one of the largest in Korea, several tennis courts, and a huge play ground. A simson hall, the oldest building at Ewha Girls' High School, is registered as culture remains. 
The open-air theater, Yu Kwan soon memorial building, and Ewha church are famous. The 3.1 independence movement commemorative events are held in this memorial building annually.

References 
http://www.ewha.hs.kr 
http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=121748
http://www.ewhamirror.com
http://ewhamirror.blogspot.com/

Education in South Korea
Schools