cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The List of World Heritage Sites in Russia is a group of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Russia agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1988.

List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has developed over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are 24 WHS places in the Russian Federation.
 

1:(shared with Lithuania)
2:(shared with Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Norway, Sweden, Ukraine)
3:(shared with Mongolia)

Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The evaluation process is not yet completed.
 Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation
 The architectural and historical complex "Shelter of count N.P. Cheremetev"
 The Valamo archipelago
 The National Park of Vodlozerof
 The Bolgar historical-architectural complex
 The ensemble of former city building of Sviyazhsk
 Centre historique d'Irkoutsk
 Cathedral of Christ the Saviour
 Rostov Kremlin
 Railway Bridge Over Yenissey River
 Historic Center of the Yenisseisk
 Church of Prince Dimitri "On Blood"
 Great Pskov
 Petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan
 Daurian Steppes (Daursky State Biosphere Reserve)
 The Commander Islands (Comandorsky State Nature Reserve)
 Magadansky State Nature Reserve
 Krasnoyarsk Stolby
 The Great Vasyugan Mire
 Ensemble of the Astrakhan Kremlin
 The Ilmensky mountains
 The archeological site of Tanais
 Russian Kremlins
 Bikin River Valley (Extension of the "Central Sikhote-Alin")
 Architectural and Park Ensemble "Tsar's Country Estate Izmaylovo"
 Bashkir Ural

Related pages
World Heritage Committee
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Table of World Heritage Sites by country
List of World Heritage Sites in Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

References

Other websites

  List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites

World Heritage Sites in Russia
Russia-related lists
Russia
Below is the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey.

References

Other websites
 UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Turkey

Turkey
Turkey-related lists
Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel (ATSEPs) are the air traffic management technical staff in charge of the electronics and software used for the safety of air traffic.

In France, ATSEPs are from the French Civil Aviation University, and in Morocco from the Académie internationale Mohammed VI de l'aviation civile.

References

Other websites
website page about ATSEPs
 ATSEP Belgium Association webpage about the ATSEP 
ATSEP Competence

Occupations in aviation
Aviation licenses and certifications
Air traffic control
is a Japanese musician, a composer, music producer, pianist, and keyboardist. His nickname is Kyoju, which means Professor in Japanese.

Early life
He is from Tokyo. He was born on 17 January 1952. He learned music in Tokyo University of the Arts and Tokyo University of Arts graduate school.

Career
Music group Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO). YMO is an English acronym. YMO stands for "Yellow Magic Orchestra". which he formed with Haruomi Hosono and Yukihiro Takahashi in the late 1970s gained success and became famous at home and abroad. In addition, he pushed forward the solo activity parallel to activity of YMO .

Other than the activity of his own, Sakamoto offered musical pieces to other artists and composed soundtracks. Soundtrack of "The Last Emperor" shown in 1987 was evaluated and won Academy Award for Original Music Score as a Japanese for the first time.

On 10 July 2014, Sakamoto released a statement and said that he had been diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer in late June. He announced that he was taking a break from his work while he went through treatment and recovery.

Activist
In late years he often speaks about the issue of environmental problems and peace in each media.

References

1952 births
Living people
Environmentalists
Musicians from Tokyo
People with cancer
Nonviolence advocates
The List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine is a group of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, located in Ukraine.

History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Ukraine agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 1988.

List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has developed over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are five WHS places in Ukraine.

Cultural

Natural

Notes
This UNESCO World Heritage Site includes two biosphere reserves: Carpathian Biosphere Sanctuary and the southern half of East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (Poloniny National Park and Uzhok National Park) as well some protected Presov areas in the eastern Slovakia.

Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The evaluation process is not yet completed.
 Historic Centre of Tchernigov, 9th -13th centuries
 Cultural Landscape of Canyon in Kamenets-Podilsk
 Tarass Shevtchenko Tomb and State Historical and Natural Museum
 National Steppe Biosphere Reserve "Askaniya Nowa"
 Dendrological Park "Sofijivka"
 Bagçesaray Palace of the Crimean Khans
 Archaeological Site "Stone Tomb"
 Mykolayiv Astronomical Observatory
 Complex of the Sudak Fortress Monuments of the 6th - 16th c.
 Astronomical Observatories of Ukraine
 Historic Center of the Port City of Odessa
 Kyiv: Saint Sophia Cathedral with Related Monastic Buildings, St. Cyril's and St. Andrew's Churches, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (extension of Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra)
 Wooden Tserkvas (Churches) of Carpathian Region in Ukraine and Poland
 Trading Posts and Fortifications on Genoese Trade Routes. From the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
 The ancient city of Tauric Chersonese and its chora (5th century BC — 14th century AD)

Related pages
World Heritage Committee
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Table of World Heritage Sites by country
List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

References

Other websites

  List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites

World Heritage Sites
Ukraine

Ukraine
Europe-related lists
30 Rock is an American television sitcom created by Tina Fey for NBC. It began on October 11, 2006 and ended on January 31, 2013. It was set in a television studio in Manhattan, New York City. It starred Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman and Maulik Pancholy.

Fey played the protagonist Liz Lemon, the writer of TGS with Tracy Jordan. Morgan played the star of TGS with Tracy Jordan. Krakowski played Jenna Maroney, Liz's assistant and Tracy's co-star. McBrayer plays Kenneth Parcell, an NBC page.

Other websites

2006 American television series debuts
2013 American television series endings
2000s American sitcoms
2000s American workplace television series
2000s workplace comedy television series
2010s American sitcoms
2010s American workplace television series
2010s workplace comedy television series
American workplace comedy television series
Emmy Award winning programs
Golden Globe Award winning programs
Histrionic personality disorder in fiction
Manhattan in fiction
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Television series set in New York City
English-language television programs
was a member of the Imperial House of Japan.

Tomohito was the first member of the Imperial House of Japan to have a full beard since Emperor Meiji.  He was known as "the bearded prince".

Education
Prince Tomohito graduated from Gakushuin University.  In 1968-1970, Tomohito studied politics at Oxford University.  He was the first member of the Imperial family to study at a British university since World War II.

Public service
Prince Tomohito was involved in the promotion of welfare for the disabled and sports.

Genealogy
The prince was the eldest son of Prince Mikasa who is the younger brother of former Emperor Shōwa. He was a first cousin of Emperor Akihito.

At the time of his death, Prince Tomohito was sixth in the line of succession to the Japanese throne.

Related pages 
 Line of succession to the Japanese throne
 Japanese Imperial family tree

References

Other websites 

 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaicho), Prince and Princess Tomohito of Mikasa

1946 births
2012 deaths
People from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japanese politicians
Japanese imperial family
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage. Below is the table with the main list of sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

References

Bosnia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage. 

As of 2010, Spain has 42 total sites on the list.  This is second only to Italy.

The Pyrénées – Mont Perdu World Heritage Site is shared with France.  The Prehistoric Rock-Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde site is shared with Portugal.

List of sites
The table lists information about each World Heritage Site:
Name: as listed by the World Heritage Committee
Location: city or province of site
Community: one of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain
Period: time period of significance, typically of construction
UNESCO data: the site's reference number; the year the site was added on the World Heritage List; the criteria it was listed under: criteria i through vi are cultural, while vii through x are natural; (the column sorts by year added to the list)
Description: brief description of the site

Sites by autonomous community
This is the list of Heritage sites by autonomous community.

References

Spain
Spain-related lists
The List of World Heritage Sites in Serbia is a group of places chosen by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

History
UNESCO was created for the "conservation and protection of the world’s inheritance of books, works of art and monuments of history and science". The constitution of UNESCO was ratified in 1946 by 26 countries.

Serbia agreed to take part in the World Heritage Convention in 2001.

List
The World Heritage Site (WHS) list has developed over time.  It is part of a process; and the list continues to grow.

There are four WHS places in Serbia.

World Heritage List

Tentative list
The Tentative List consists of sites which have been nominated.  The evaluation process is not yet completed.
 Djerdap National Park
 The Deliblato Sands Special Natural Reserve
 Mt. Sara National Park
 The Tara National Park with the Drina River Canyon
 The Djavolja Varos (Devil's Town) Natural Landmark
 Fortified Manasija Monastery
 Negotinske Pivnice
 Smederevo Fortress
 Caričin Grad – Iustiniana Prima, archaeological site
 Historical place of Bač and its Surroundings
 Stećak's - Medieval Tombstones

Related pages
World Heritage Committee
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Table of World Heritage Sites by country
List of World Heritage Sites in Europe

References

Other websites

  List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites

Serbia
Serbia
Serbia
Europe-related lists
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has listed 35 World Heritage Sites in eight countries commonly called Northern Europe.  These countries are Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. 

Greenland is not included in this list even though it is linked with Denmark.  It is included in the List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas. The United Kingdom and Ireland are included in Western Europe even though they are sometimes listed in Northern Europe.

Legend
Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation
Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee
Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
Year; during which the site was added to the World Heritage List
Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Sites

Notes

References

Northern
Northern Europe
Europe-related lists
Uakari is the common name for the New World monkeys of the genus Cacajao. Both the English and scientific names probably came from indigenous languages. They live in South American rainforests. When excited or upset, their red faces become even redder.

References 

New World monkeys
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has designated 131 World Heritage Sites in Western Europe. These sites are in 9 countries.  Liechtenstein and Monaco have no sites. There are ten sites which are shared between countries. The first site from the region to be included on the list was the Aachen Cathedral in Germany in 1978.

Legend
The list below uses a definition of Western Europe which includes the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Site – named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation
Location – sorted by country, followed by the region at the regional or provincial level and geocoordinates. In the case of multinational or multi-regional sites, the names are sorted alphabetically.
Criteria – as defined by the World Heritage Committee
Area – in hectares and acres, followed by buffer zones if applicable. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
Year – during which the site was added to the World Heritage List
Description – brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Sites A to M

Sites N to Z

Related pages
 List of World Heritage Sites in France
 List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands
 List of World Heritage Sites of the United Kingdom

References

Western
Western Europe
Europe-related lists
Bad Honnef is a city in the German state of Nordrhein-Westfalen. About 25,000 people live there.

References
The Dead is an 1987 drama movie directed by John Huston. It is based on a book by James Joyce. Anjelica Huston plays the lead role.

Other websites 
The Dead (1987) at allmovie

1987 drama movies
British drama movies
Irish movies
Movies based on books
English-language movies
Movies directed by John Huston
Headhunterz (formerly known as Nasty D-Tuner) is Willem Rebergen, a Dutch hardstyle DJ and music producer.

He gained his first major experience as a DJ at Defqon.1, a large hardstyle event in the Netherlands, where he was discovered by The Prophet.

References 
Official website
Headhunterz at Discogs.com
About Headhunterz
About Headhunterz on last.fm 

1985 births
Living people
DJs
Dutch musicians
People from Utrecht (province)
Record producers
VooV (formerly known as VuuV Experience) is an annual music festival with about 10,000 to 20,000 visitors.

It was launched in the year 1992. It is one of the oldest rave parties in Germany. From a small party with about 100 people it is now one of the biggest rave parties in Europe. After several moves, was VuuV's place since 2001 in Putlitz. In 2007 they moved back to Antaro which was the place they made the greatest feasts.

Sources 
 Official website

Music festivals
Festivals in Europe
Entertainment in Germany
1992 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Germany
Marc Drillech is a French sociologist and President of universities. He is the current Vice-President of IONIS Education Group, the first group in France for private higher education.

Drillech graduated from Lille University of Science and Technology with a Bachelor's degree in sociology. He also graduated from Institut d'études politiques de Paris with a Master's degree. He has a career in marketing.
In 2005, he moved to higher education by joining IONIS Education Group as Vice-President.

Bibliography 
 Marc Drillech, Gérald Basseporte, Le boycott, le cauchemar des entreprises et des politiques, 1999, 
 Marc Drillech, L'Adieu au calme, 2004, 
 Marc Drillech, Le Boycott. Histoire. Actualités. Perspectives, 2011,

References 

Living people
French sociologists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of the Institut d'études politiques de Paris
Siemens AG () is a company which has it headquarters in Berlin and Munich, Germany. It is the largest electronics company in Europe.

Siemens is a technology company with activities in industry, energy and healthcare. It is organised into six main parts: Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Equity Investments, Siemens IT Solutions, and Services and Siemens Financial Services (SFS).

References

Other websites 

Technology companies of Europe
Companies of Germany
1847 establishments in Europe
1840s establishments in Germany
The First Wives Club is a 1996 American comedy movie based on the novel of the same name by Olivia Goldsmith. It was directed by Hugh Wilson and produced by Scott Rudin. It was written by Robert Harling and Paul Rudnick. It is narrated by Diane Keaton and stars her, Goldie Hawn and Bette Midler. The movie is about three middle-aged divorced women who take revenge on their ex-husbands, who left them for young women.

Other websites 

1996 comedy movies
1990s buddy movies
American buddy movies
American comedy movies
Buddy comedy movies
English-language movies
Female buddy movies
Feminist movies
Movies about divorce
Movies about revenge
Suicide in movies
Movies based on books
John Wilden Hughes, Jr. (February 18, 1950 - August 6, 2009) was an American Filmmaker. He was born in Lansing, Michigan. He grew up in Grosse Pointe, Michigan and Northbrook, Illinois a suburb of Chicago, Illinois. He died of a heart attack on Manhattan, New York City.

Hughes' movies include: National Lampoon's Vacation, Sixteen Candles, The Breakfast Club, National Lampoon's European Vacation, Weird Science, Pretty in Pink, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, Some Kind of Wonderful, Planes, Trains and Automobiles, She's Having a Baby, The Great Outdoors, Uncle Buck, National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation, Home Alone, Career Opportunities, Only the Lonely, Curly Sue, Beethoven, Home Alone 2: Lost in New York, Dennis the Menace, Baby's Day Out, Miracle of 34th Street, 101 Dalmatians, Flubber, Home Alone 3, Just Visiting, Maid in Manhattan and Drillbit Taylor.

Other websites 

1950 births
2009 deaths
American television writers
Cardiovascular disease deaths in New York City
Deaths from myocardial infarction
 
Movie directors from Chicago
Movie producers from Chicago
Movie directors from Michigan
Movie producers from Michigan
People from Lansing, Michigan
People from Grosse Pointe, Michigan
Screenwriters from Chicago
Screenwriters from Michigan
For lists of World Heritage Sites in Asia, see:
List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in Kazakhstan
List of World Heritage Sites in Tajikistan
List of World Heritage Sites in Western Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in Armenia
List of World Heritage Sites in Iran
List of World Heritage Sites in Iraq
List of World Heritage Sites in Israel
List of World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia
List of World Heritage Sites in Syria
List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey
List of World Heritage Sites in United Arab Emirates
List of World Heritage Sites in Eastern Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in China
List of World Heritage Sites in Japan
List of World Heritage Sites in Mongolia
List of World Heritage Sites in North Korea
List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea
List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in Afghanistan
List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh
List of World Heritage Sites in India
List of World Heritage Sites in Nepal
List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan
List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka
List of World Heritage Sites in Southeast Asia 
List of World Heritage Sites in Cambodia
List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia
List of World Heritage Sites in Malaysia
List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines
List of World Heritage Sites in Thailand
List of World Heritage Sites in Viet Nam
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries of Central and North Asia.  The countries are Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia. The European part of Russia is included in Eastern Europe.

Russia is home to the most sites with 7.  One shares a border with Mongolia in Eastern Asia. The first site from the region was the Itchan Kala in Uzbekistan added in 1990.

Legend
Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation
Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee
Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
Year; during which the site was added to the World Heritage List
Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Inscribed sites

Notes

References

Northern and Central Asia
Northern and Central Asia
Asia-related lists
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has 71 World Heritage Sites in 16 countries of Western Asia.  The countries are: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. Qatar and Kuwait, which are also in the region, do not have any World Heritage Sites.

In this region, Iran is home to the most sites with 13 sites.

Legend
Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation
Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee
Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
Year; during which the site was added to the World Heritage List
Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Sites

Notes

References

Western Asia
Western Asia
Asia-related lists
Playing the Field is an American romantic comedy movie. It stars Catherine Zeta-Jones, Uma Thurman and Jessica Biel. The movie was released on December 7, 2012, in the United States and Canada.

2012 comedy movies
2012 romance movies
2010s romantic comedy movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Sports comedy movies
The Library of Celsus is an ancient Roman building in Ephesus, now part of Anatolia, Turkey. It was built in honor of the Roman Senator Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, known as Celsus.

Celsus paid for the construction of the library with his own personal wealth. Celsus was Consul in 92 AD, Governor of the Roman province of Asia in 115 AD, and a rich and popular local citizen. He was a native of nearby Sardis and amongst the first Greek men to become a consul in the Roman Empire. He is honoured both as a Greek and a Roman on the library itself.

The library was built by his son, Gaius Julius Aquila (Consul 110 AD), and completed in 135 AD.

The library was built to store 12,000 scrolls and to serve as a monumental tomb for Celsus. Celsus is buried in a sarcophagus beneath the library, in the main entrance. which is both a crypt containing his sarcophagus and a sepulchral monument to him. It was unusual to be buried within a library or even within city limits, so this was a special honour for Celsus.

History
The library was built in Ephesus, a Greek city in Asia Minor.
The building is important as one of few remaining examples of an ancient Roman-influenced library. It also shows that public libraries were built not only in Rome itself but throughout the Roman Empire.

The interior of the library and all its books were destroyed by fire in the devastating earthquake that struck the city in 262. Only the facade survived. About 400 AD, the library was used for other purposes. The facade was completely destroyed by a later earthquake, likely in the late Byzantine period.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the facade was restored. It now serves as a prime example of Roman public architecture. The building had a single hall which faced east toward the morning sun, as Vitruvius advised, to benefit early risers. Beside the entrances are four pairs of Ionic columns on pedestals.  A set of Corinthian columns stands directly above the first set, adding to the height of the building. It is thought there once may have been a third set of columns.

This type of facade with inset frames and niches for statues is like that found in ancient Greek theatres,  and so is described as "scenographic".

References 

Libraries in Asia
Ancient Rome
Ancient Greece
Buildings and structures in Turkey
World Heritage Sites in Turkey
Ma Mère (My Mother in French) is a 2004 drama movie focusing on mother-son incest. This drama was rated NC-17 in the United States. It received mixed although largely negative review by the critics.

Other websites
 
 

2004 drama movies
French drama movies
Austrian movies
Portuguese movies
Spanish movies
French-language movies
Incest in movies
Movies directed by Christophe Honoré
A pseudoscorpion (or book scorpion) is an arachnid. They can be  long. The largest known species is Garypus titanius of Ascension Island at  .

Pseudoscorpions eat clothes moth larvae, carpet beetle larvae, booklice, ants, mites, and small flies. Because of this, they are liked by humans. The pseudoscorpions are small and cannot harm humans. They are rarely seen because of their size. Some species of pseudoscorpions do a "mating dance" to attract mates. The eggs will stay with the mother until the pseudoscorpions are about a month old. There are more than 3,300 species of pseudoscorpions recorded. The oldest known fossil of pseudoscorpions dates back 380 million years to the Devonian period.

References

Further reading 

 Harvey M.S. 2011. Pseudoscorpions of the World, version 2.0. Western Australian Museum, Perth. Pseudoscorpions of the World
 Joseph C. Chamberlin 1931. The Arachnid Order Chelonethida. Stanford University Publications in Biological Science. 7(1): 1–284.
 W.B. Muchmore 1982. Pseudoscorpionida. In Synopsis and classification of living organisms. Vol 2, Parker, S.P.

Arachnids
The Astacus astacus (or noble crayfish, European crayfish, and broad-fingered crayfish) is a species of crayfish in Europe. Like other crayfish, the Astacus astacus lives in fresh water. It can live in streams, rivers, and lakes if it is not polluted. The Astacus astacus can be found living in France, Central Europe, Balkan peninsula, the British Isles, Scandinavia, and western parts of the former Soviet Union. Males can reach 16 cm long and females can reach 12 cm. 

The Astacus astacus is nocturnal, which means that it is only active at night. They eat worms, aquatic insects, mollusks, and plants. They spend the day resting in a burrow. They are sexually mature after three to four years. They breed in October and November of every year. The eggs will stay with the female until May. There are many predators that eat the Astacus astacus such as, minks, eels, perch, pike, otters, and muskrats. Because of the crayfish plaque that was brought from the American species the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus), it is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List.

References

Decapods
Crustaceans
Dermestidae are a family of Coleoptera. They are also known as skin beetles, larder beetles, hide beetles, leather beetles, carpet beetles, and khapra beetles. There are 500 to 700 species of dermestids. They can be up to 112 mm in length. Adults have round oval-shaped bodies covered in scales or setae. 

Most dermestids are scavengers that feed on dry animal or plant material. This includes skin or pollen, animal hair, feathers, dead insects, and natural fibers. Dermestids can be found living in dead animals and feeding on them. Others can be found living in mammal, bird, bee, or wasp nests. Thaumaglossa only lives in the egg cases of mantids. Many Trogoderma species are pests that eat grain. 

The beetles found living in dead animals are studied in criminal investigations (forensic entomology). Many species are pests which can damage natural fibers in homes and businesses. Dermestids are sometimes used by natural history museums to clean animal skeletons.

References

Books 
Pasquerault T. et al 2008. Répartition des espèces du genre Dermestes L. 1758 récoltés sur des cadavres humains (Coleoptera Dermestidae). L'entomologiste Tome 64 N°4 pp 221–224.
 Hinton H.E. 1945. A monograph of the beetles associated with stored products. 1, 387–395 British Museum (Natural History), London. Keys to world adults and larvae, genera and species; excellent figures, full species information.
 Freude H; Harde K.W. & Lohse G.A. 1979.  Dermestidae. Die Käfer Mitteleuropas 6: Diversicornia (Lycidae — Byrrhidae) 1206 text figs. 367pp. Goecke & Evers. Text in German; the Dermestidae are on pages 304–327.

Other websites 

 Dermestidae of the World
 List of North American Species 
 Dermestidae-Literature
 Russian Atlas of Carpet Beetles-excellent images
 USDA Leaflet on Carpet beetles
on the University of Florida / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
 Anthrenus flavipes, furniture carpet beetle
 Anthrenus scrophulariae, common carpet beetle
 Dermestes atar, black larder beetle
 Dermestes maculatus, hide beetle
Carpet Beetles, Kansas State University

Polyphaga
The Dytiscidae (Greek dytikos ("able to dive") is a family of water beetles. They are called predaceous diving beetles. They are about 25 mm (one inch). The largest beetle, Dytiscus latissimus, can reach 45 mm long.

Most Dytiscidaes are dark brown, black-ish or dark olive in color with golden highlights in some subfamilies. The larvae are called "water tigers". The water tigers will eat tadpoles and glassworms. They will also eat anything small living in the water. There are about 4,000 species in over 160 genera of Dytiscidae.

Food 
The Cybister can be eaten by humans. In Mexico, C. explanatus are roasted and salted onto tacos. In Japan, C. japonicus is used as food. In Guangdong Province, China, several species are eaten. The great diving beetle (Dytiscus marginalis) are bred for human food. Dytiscidae have been eaten in Taiwan, Thailand, and New Guinea. Birds and other small mammals eat Dytiscidaes.

References

Books 

  (2004): Water for a Healthy Country - Family Dytiscidae. Version of 2004-JUL-02. Retrieved 2008-AUG-04
  (2002): Chapter 26 - Eastern Asia: China, Japan, and other countries . In: The Human Use of Insects as a Food Resource:  A Bibliographic Account in Progress.
  (2003): Fried water beetles Cantonese style. American Entomologist 49(1): 34-37. PDF fulltext

Other websites 
 Video of the dangerous mandibles of a Dytiscidae larva

Adephaga
Endosperm is a food reserve tissue inside the seeds of most flowering plants. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch. It may also have oils and protein.

The endosperm of cereal plants can be a source of energy for humans. Wheat endosperm is ground into flour for bread. With whole wheat bread the bran (cover of seed) and the germ is also in the flour. Barley endosperm is the main source for beer production. Other examples of edible endosperms are coconut 'meat' and coconut 'water', and corn, including popcorn. Some plants, like the orchids, lack endosperm in their seeds.

Origin of endosperm
Primitive (basal) flowering plants have seeds with small embryos and big endosperms. The evolutionary development of flowering plants tends to show a trend towards plants with seeds with little or no endosperm. In more derived flowering plants the embryo occupies most of the seed and the endosperm is not developed or consumed before the seed matures. In these plants, the cotyledons contain the food reserve.

Double fertilization
Endosperm is formed when the two sperm nuclei inside a pollen grain reach the inside of an ovule or embryo sac. One sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg, forming a zygote, while the other sperm nucleus usually fuses with the two polar nuclei at the center of the embryo sac. This makes the first endosperm cell, which develops into the endosperm. Because it is formed by a separate fertilization, the endosperm is an organism distinct from the embryo (though placed next to it in the seed).

About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid. These are typically triploid (containing three sets of chromosomes) but can vary widely from diploid (2n) to 15n.

References 

Plant physiology
A teen movie is a movie that are made for teenagers or has teen actors. The plots of teen movie are about coming of age, first love, conflicts with parents, and bullying by other teens. Movies in this movie genre are usually set in high school. In some movies, there may be some sexual scenes.

Types 
Teen drama (like The Black Balloon)
Teen comedy (like American Pie series)
Teen horror (like Halloween)
Teen musicals (like High School Musical)
Teen romance (like Gidget)
Teen sci-fi (like Back to the Future)

Other websites 
Entertainment Weekly's 50 Best High School Movies 
High School Reunion Collection 
LIKE THE 80S - THE 80S TEEN MOVIE SITE
Terry and June is a British sitcom that was shown on BBC One from 1979 until 1987. It stars Terry Scott and June Whitfield as Terry and June Medford, a middle class, middle aged, married couple who live in Purley, London.

Other websites 

1979 television series debuts
1987 television series endings
1970s British sitcoms
1980s British sitcoms
BBC television sitcoms
Television series about marriage
Television series about suburbia
Television series set in London
English-language television programs
was a Japanese writer, poet, playwright, actor and film director. One of is closed friends was Yasunari Kawabata. On November 25, 1970, he tried to make a coup d'état for military force but in vain and killed himself be seppuku.

Early life
Mishima studied at the elite . When he was child, he stuttered. 

In 1941, Mishima wrote his first notable story.  In , he described a feeling that his ancestors lived within him.

Mishima graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1947.

Career
Mishima worked in the Japanese Ministry of Finance.  At the same time, he was writing. 

In 1949, he published his first major novel, Confessions of a mask.

Selected works
In a summary based on writings by and about Yukio Mishima, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 1,700+ works in 4,400+ publications in 40+ languages and 56,600+ library holdings.
 This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
 Confessions of a mask, 1949
 The sound of waves, 1952
 The temple of the golden pavilion by Yukio Mishima, 1956
 The sailor who fell from grace with the sea, 1959
 After the banquet, 1960
 Death in midsummer, and other stories, 1966
 Spring snow, 1968
 Runaway horses, 1969
 The temple of dawn, 1969
 The decay of the angel, 1971

References

Other websites

 Books and Writers bio 
 Mishima chronology, with links

1925 births
1970 deaths
Japanese novelists
Japanese poets
Writers from Tokyo
Frugality is a quality of spending money very carefully and in limited amounts. This decision can be made for various reasons. Some are: to save money, make costs smaller and get the most possible value from purchases.

Examples 
Some ways of attempting to be frugal could be to make less waste, stop doing things (such as travel or entertainment) with high costs and having control over spending desires. Also, being careful to get all the use out of an item before replacing it and not agreeing with customs that have high costs. More ways could be using zero cost choices, using barter (trading without money), and having a good knowledge of prices. 

Some people will use a discount store to find low cost things. Some will buy things used by other people in thrift stores, garage sales, flea markets, or from classified advertising in a newspaper or on the internet from a site similar to Craigslist.

Philosophy
Frugality in some philosophies is when a person does not agree with experts who say they know what is good for everybody. This is a special use of the word for philosophers. 

Many religions think frugality is important and good. The Quakers and Puritans are two examples of Christian religions that put high value on frugality. The base of this idea is that people should store money to use when any person (not only friends) needs help. 

Environmentalists think that being frugal is good. They think because ancient humans did not need many things and were able to get happiness from nature it is more natural to be frugal than to agree with the customs of modern living.

Philosophy
Economics
Virtues
Tineidae (or clothes moth) is a family of moths. They are known as fungus moths or tineid moths. There are more than 3,000 species in over 300 genera. Most of the tineid moths are small or medium-sized. They have wings over their bodies. They are common in the Palaearctic. Others found elsewhere were introduced

Tineids will eat living plants, fungi, lichens, and detritus. The most known members of the family are the clothes moths. They eat on stored fabrics. The most widespread species are the Common Clothes Moth (Tineola bisselliella), the Case-bearing Clothes Moth (Tinea pellionella) and the Carpet Moth (Trichophaga tapetzella). The Brown-dotted Clothes Moth (Niditinea fuscella) will feed on feathers in a bird's nest. The genus Ceratophaga, members will eat on dead animals such as mammals and the shells of dead tortoises.

Books 
Dugdale, J.S., 1988. Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue and keys of family-group taxa. Fauna of New Zealand, 14: 1-262.
Gaedike, R. 1983. Zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen Tineiden Die Gattung Infurcitinea Spuler, 1910 (Lepidoptera). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, 46: 121-150.
Gaedike, R. 1985. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der paläarktischen Tineiden: Gattung Obesoceras Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, 48: 167-181.
Hinton, H.E. 1956. The larvae of the species of Tineidae of economic importance. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 47: 251-346.
Leraut, P., 1985. Mise a jour de la liste des Tineides de la faune de France. Entomologica Gallica, 1(4): 319-325.
Petersen, G. 1957-8. Die Genitalien der paläarktischen Tineiden. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 7: 55-176, 338-380, 557-595; 8: 111-118, 398-430.
Robinson, G.S. 1979. Clothes-moths of the Tinea pellionella complex: a revision of the world's species (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 38: 57-128, figs 1-103.
Zagulajev A K. 1988 English translation (original 1975). Clothes Moths (Tineidae) (English translation of Nastoyaschie Moli (Tineidae)).Akademiya Nauk SSSr, Zoologicheskii Institut, New series No. 108

References

 Global Taxonomic Database of Tineidae
 Common Clothes Moth
 A Caterpillar that Eats Tortoise Shells 
 Tineid of Korea
 Fauna Europaea

Moths
Tanisha Thomas (born on August 28, 1985 in Brooklyn, New York) is an African American reality television participant. She first appeared on the Oxygen show Bad Girls Club in 2008. She was on the second season to become a role model for young women and change her bad behavior. She became a fan favorite for her catchphrase "Pop Off!". After the show was done airing, Thomas was called the "godmother" to all "bad girls". Thomas later hosted the spin-off dating game show Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too starting with its second season in 2011. She also competed on the VH1 show Celebrity Fit Club: Boot Camp 2. Thomas was on the show to loose weight. Her team the "blue team" won and took home $17,500 each.

A year later, Thomas was given her own show on Oxygen. It was called Tanisha Gets Married. The show was about Thomas' and her fiancee
s journey on planning their wedding. It aired in May 2012 and beat all the key demos of Oxygen that were set in April 2012. Thomas along with her ex-husband appeared on first season of the show Marriage Boot Camp, which aired on May 30, 2014.

References 

1985 births
Living people
Participants in American reality television series
American television personalities
Alejo Carpentier y Valmont (December 26, 1904 – April 24, 1980) was a Cuban novelist, essayist, and musicologist.  He greatly influenced Latin American literature during its famous "boom" period. Born in Lausanne, Switzerland, Carpentier grew up in Havana, Cuba and Paris. Carpentier always said he was Cuban. He traveled a lot, mostly in France, and to Mexico. He sided with revolutionary movements, such as Fidel Castro's Communist Revolution in Cuba in the mid-century. Carpentier was jailed and exiled for his leftist political philosophies.

Carpentier studied and understood music. He wrote a book La música en Cuba in the music of Cuba.  He put in musical themes and literary techniques in his writing. Although Carpentier wrote many types of writing, such as journalism, radio drama, playwrighting, academic essays, opera and libretto, he is best known for his novels. He was among the first to use magical realism. He explored the fantastic quality of Latin American history and culture. 

Carpentier's writing style used the Baroque style which had become popular again.  It was called New World Baroque.  It was a style that Latin American artists took from the European model. Carpentier also brought the Surrealist theory to Latin American literature. Carpentier had parts of Latin American political history, music, social injustice and art in his writings. His writing influenced younger Latin American and Cuban writers like Lisandro Otero, Leonardo Padura and Fernando Velázquez Medina.

Carpentier died of cancer in Paris in 1980. He was buried in Havana's Colon Cemetery.

Major works
Carpentier's major works include:

Ecue-yamba-o! (1933) 
La música en Cuba (1946) (The Music of Cuba), an ethno-musicological study of Cuba starting from the sixteenth century, the arrival of European explorers, till the present day of publication, the mid twentieth century.
El reino de este mundo (1949) (The Kingdom of this World)
Los pasos perdidos (1953) (The Lost Steps)
El acoso (1956) (Manhunt)
Guerra del tiempo (1958) (War of Time)
El siglo de las luces (1962) (Explosion in a Cathedral)
El Recurso del método (1974) (Reasons of State)
Concierto barroco (1974) (Concierto barroco; English: Baroque Concert), based on the 1709 meeting of Vivaldi, Handel and Domenico Scarlatti, with cameo appearances by Wagner and Stravinsky, and fictional characters from the new world who inspire the Venetian composer's opera, Motezuma.
La consagración de la primavera (1978) (The Rite of Spring; Le Sacre du Printemps, ballet by Igor Stravinsky)
El arpa y la sombra (1978) (The Harp and the Shadow) dealing with Columbus.

1904 births
1980 deaths
Communists
Cuban writers
Deaths from cancer
Disease-related deaths in Paris
Musicologists
Novelists
People from Havana
Writers from Paris
People from Lausanne
Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American slag, screenwriter, movie director, producer and activist.

Penn won an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Mystic River and an Academy Award for Milk (movie).

Penn was married to  Madonna from 1985 until they divorced in 1989. He and Robin Wright had a daughter in 1991 and a son in 1993. The couple married in 1996 and divorced in 2010.

As of February 24, 2022, Penn is in Ukraine doing (or filming) a documentary movie about the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Penn went to press briefings in Kyiv, met with officials and spoke to journalists and military personnel about the Russian invasion.

Early life
He was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle son of actor Leo Penn (1921-1998) and actress Eileen Ryan (born 1928). His brothers are musician Michael Penn (born 1958) and actor Chris Penn (1965-2006).

Filmography
Penn has starred in many movies, including: Taps, Fast Times at Ridgemont High, Colors, Casualties of War, We're No Angels, Carlito's Way, Dead Man Walking, U Turn, The Game, The Thin Red Line, Being John Malkovich, The Weight of Water, I Am Sam, Mystic River, 21 Grams, The Assassination of Richard Nixon, The Interpreter, All the King's Men, Persepolis, Milk, Fair Game, The Tree of Life and This Must Be the Place.

Other websites 

Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Santa Monica, California
American activists
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Madonna (entertainer)
Movie directors from Los Angeles County, California
Movie producers from Los Angeles County, California
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Screenwriters from California
1960 births
Living people
Clifford Donald Simak (August 3, 1904 – April 25, 1988) was an American science fiction writer. He received three Hugo Awards and one Nebula Award.  He was named the third Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) in 1977.

Biography
Simak was born in Millville, Wisconsin to parent's John Lewis and Margaret (Wiseman) Simak. He married Agnes Kuchenberg on April 13, 1929.  They had two children, Scott and Shelley. Simak attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison.  He later worked at various newspapers in the Midwest. He began to work with the Minneapolis Star and Tribune (in Minneapolis, Minnesota).  This went from 1939 to his retirement in 1976.

Writing career
Simak became interested in science fiction after reading the works of H. G. Wells as a child. He started writing for science fiction pulp magazines in 1931. The only science-fiction piece that he published between 1933 and 1937 was The Creator (Marvel Tales #4, March–April 1935).

In late 1937, Simak returned to science fiction.  He was a regular contributor to Astounding Stories during the Golden Age of Science Fiction (1938–1950). His first publications, such as Cosmic Engineers (1939), were in the style of the earlier superscience type. He soon made his own style, which is usually described as gentle and pastoral. During this period, Simak also published a number of war and western stories in pulp magazines. His best known novel may be City, a collection of short stories with a common theme of mankind's eventual leaving from Earth.

Simak continued to write award-nominated novels during the 1950s and 1960s. Helped by a friend, he continued writing and publishing science fiction and, later, fantasy, into his 80s.

Awards
 International Fantasy Award for best fiction book (1953) for City
 Hugo award for best novelette (1959) for The Big Front Yard
 Hugo award for best novel (1964) for Way Station
 Minnesota Academy of Science Award for distinguished service to science 1967
 First Fandom Hall of Fame award 1973
 Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award 1976
 Jupiter Award for best novel (1978) for A Heritage of Stars
 Hugo award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
 Nebula award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
 Locus Award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
 Analog Analytical Laboratory award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
 Bram Stoker Lifetime Achievement award 1988

References

1904 births
1988 deaths
Writers from Minnesota
Writers from Wisconsin
American science fiction writers
Hugo Award winning writers
Nebula Award winning writers
Gerald Patrick "Jerry" Mathers (born June 2, 1948) is an American actor and writer. He played Beaver Cleaver in the sitcom television series Leave It to Beaver. In 1998 he wrote a book called  ...And Jerry Mathers as "The Beaver". In the movie version the Beaver was portrayed by Cameron Finley. In Beaver's BIG Day, he was Malia Ashley Kerr.

References 
 

American television actors
1948 births
Living people