cahya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Nir is a city in Iran. It is located in the north west of Iran in the Ardabil Province. it is a part of the Nir County.

References 

Cities in Iran
Slavic Naitive Faith is modern pagan religion, which is related to Slavic paganism. It is sometimes called Rodnovery.

References

Paganism
Religion
Slavic mythology
The  is Japan's largest Asian studies library. It is one of the world's five largest libraries. It is located in Tokyo. 

It contains around 950,000 documents, written in Asian, Western and Japanese languages.

It was started by Mitsubishi Motors and opened in 1924.

References 

Libraries in Asia
Buildings and structures in Tokyo
is a Japanese university. It has buildings in Hakusan, Asaka, Kawagoe, and Itakura.

Other websites 

 

Pages with unreviewed translations
1880s establishments in Japan
1887 establishments
Colleges and universities in Tokyo
Mokosh () is a Slavic goddess of nature.

Slavic gods and goddesses
Cen Chunxuan (1861 – 27 April 1933) was a Zhuang Chinese politician who lived in the late Qing dynasty and Republic of China. He wanted the Qing to become a monarchy based on a constitution (written set of laws). Empress Dowager Cixi supported him. He was a governor of Guangdong and became a warlord during the ROC but then Sun Yat-sen's government replaced his.

References

1933 deaths
1861 births
Chinese politicians
William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne
 Sir Robert Peel

Commonwealth realms
Suzhou High School of Jiangsu Province (), is a Chinese public high school. It has over 1000 years of history. 

Many famous people graduated from there. It is in Suzhou, Jiangsu. In 1035, the Northern Song politician Fan Zhongyan founded it ().

Pages with unreviewed translations
Schools
China
Taibei Imperial University is a university in Taipei. It was founded on March 16, 1928. At the time Japan controlled Taiwan. It was renamed National Taiwan University (NTU). After Japan lost the war, the Republic of China took over and made part of it the National Chung Hsing University.

Colleges and universities in Taipei
Colleges and universities in Asia
1928 establishments
Fujita Toyohachi (Kanji: 藤田豊八；Hiragana: ふじたとよはち) is a Japanese writer and professor in East Asian History. He lived from 1869 October 19 to 1929 July 15. He is from Tokushima Prefecture. His (Chinese) pen name name was Jianfeng / Kenfou (劍峰).

He founded a school in Jiangsu, China. He was a teacher at Beijing University (the Imperial University, 京師大學堂), author of Secondary Education East Asian history《中等教育東洋史》and Research on the History of East-West Interactions《東西交涉史之研究（東西交渉史の研究）》。

He collected over 1700 Chinese books. After he died, those were sent to the Toyo Bunko (東洋文庫) and put into a section called Fujita's library「藤田文庫」。

Life 
In 1869, Fujita was born in Awa Province (Tokushima).

In 1895 he graduated from the University of Tokyo Liberal arts school with a degree in Chinese language studies.

After that he taught the history of Chinese literature at Waseda University, Toyo University, and other schools

In 1896, he cofounded the Dongya Xueyuan (東亞學院, East Asia College) with Oyanagi Shigeta and others. Fujita also founded the journal "Jiangsu Wenxue"《江湖文學》(Jiangsu Literature).

In 1897 he visited Shanghai.

In 1898 he helped create the Dongwen Xueshe (東文學社, East Asian literature society) with Luo Zhenyu.

After 1904 Cen Chunxuan (岑春煊) governor of Guangxi and Guangdong asked Fujita to help with education.

In 1905, he also helped create Suzhou high school (江苏师范学堂). He invited more than 10 teachers from Japan. The Qing dynasty then awarded him a medal. In 1909 Fujita became a professor at the prestigious Beijing University.

In 1912, Japan returned to Japan. He lived in Tokyo and researched the history of east–west interactions. In 1920 he got a PhD in literature.

In 1923 he was professor at Waseda University. He taught the history of east–west sea transportation and the history of the Western regions (China, Xiyu, modern day Xinjiang).

In 1925 he became professor at the imperial Tokyo University and first lecturer on East Asian history.

In 1928 he became a professor and Minister of culture and politics at Taibei Imperial University (臺北帝國大學). In May 1929 he returned to Tokyo to give a lecture on the history of the Xiyu again. But in July he died of kidney failure.

Works 
 東洋史　文学社, 1896－97
 先秦文学 支那文学史稿 東華堂, 1897
 東洋歴史物語 アルス (日本児童文庫), 1929
 東西交渉史の研究 南海篇 岡書院, 1932
 東西交渉の研究 巻上・下(南海篇,西域篇及附篇) 萩原星文館, 1943

Citations 

1929 deaths
1869 births
People from Tokushima Prefecture
Waseda University faculty
The Weilüe () was written by Yu Huan between 239 and 265. Yu Huan was a politician of Cao Wei (220–265) during the Three Kingdoms period (220–280). Yu Huan is considered good among Chinese scholars.

Pages with unreviewed translations
Books
3rd century
Emperor Ming of Han (15 June 28 AD – 5 September 75 AD) was the second emperor of China's Eastern Han Dynasty.

He was born .

Pages with unreviewed translations
Emperors and Empresses of China
20s births
70s deaths
An Shigao () lived from 148-180 CE. He was a Buddhist. And he helped translate Indian Buddhist texts into Chinese. According to legend, he was a prince of Parthia (modern Iran). He gave up being a prince to become a Buddhist missionary monk in China.

References

Buddhists
Translators
Monks
140s births
180s deaths
The American Indian Wars (also known as the Indian Wars or the First Nations Wars; ) is the name for the various battles that were fought by European, American, and Canadian governments and colonists against various American Indian and First Nation tribes. These conflicts happened in North America from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 17th century until the 1920s. The various Indian Wars resulted from a wide variety of factors, including cultural differences, land disputes, and crimes committed by both sides. The European powers and their colonies also enlisted Indian tribes to help them do war against each other's colonial settlements.

After the American Revolution, many conflicts were local to specific states or regions. The conflicts were usually about disputes over land use; some had cycles of violent actions. The British Royal Proclamation of 1763, included in the Constitution of Canada, banned white settlers from taking the lands of native peoples in Canada without signing a treaty with them. It is still law in Canada today, and 11 Numbered Treaties, limited the number of conflicts.

As white settlers went west across America after 1780, the size, length of time, and intensity of conflicts increased between settlers and various Indians. The biggest came in the War of 1812, which resulted in the defeat of major Indian coalitions in the Midwest and the South. Conflict with settlers happened less, and treaties became more common. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 allowed the US government to remove natives from east of the Mississippi River to the west. The west was what the government believed to be empty American frontier. (Many tribes had a lot of territory in this area, however.) The federal US policy of removal was eventually changed in the West. It was changed to relocating Indian tribes to specially designated and federally protected reservations.

Other websites

 Indian Wars National Association
 Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas by John Henry Brown, published 1880, hosted by the Portal to Texas History.
 The Indian Wars and African American Soldiers, US Army
 Increase Mather, A Brief History of the War with the Indians in New-England, (1676) Online Edition
 www.history.com; American-Indian Wars
  Highlighting Native Nations in the War of 1812

Wars
The money tree (Chinese: 搖錢樹; yao qian shu; literally: shake money tree) is a holy tree that can give you money if you shake it.

It came from the Han Dynasty. Bronze qianshu are appear a lot in Sichuan graves.

References

Luck
The Parliament of Finland (, ) is the unicameral supreme legislature of Finland. It was founded on 9 May 1906. It works with the Constitution of Finland. The power is vested in the Parliament. The Parliament is made up of 200 members, 199 of whom are elected every four years. In addition, there is one member from Åland.

Legislation may start by either the Government or one of the members of Parliament.

References

Finland
Kucha (, ) was an ancient Buddhist kingdom in Xinjiang (East Turkestan). 

It was on the Silk Road.

References

Pages with unreviewed translations
History of China
Michael English (24 December 1930 – 13 July 2019) was a British Labour Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament for the British Parliament for Nottingham West from 1964 to 1983. 

English died on 13 July 2019 at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
 Peter Fry interview at History of Parliament Online

1930 births
2019 deaths
Former Labour Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
Politicians from Nottinghamshire
People from Nottingham
People from Liverpool
Nicodemus is an unincorporated community in Graham County, Kansas, United States.  The community was created in 1877. it is named after the Biblical figure Nicodemus.

The Nicodemus National Historic Site is in Nicodemus. The place commemorates the only remaining western town created by African Americans during the Reconstruction Period. During the last weekend of July, former residents and their descendants return for celebrations and parades.

In 1976, Nicodemus was named a National Historic Landmark. As of 2018, its First Baptist Church, African Methodist Episcopal Church, and other historic buildings are in bad condition that they cannot be opened to the public.

Geography
The United States Census Bureau says that the Nicodemus township has an area of 32.4 square miles. The town is along Highway 24 in the Great Plains.

Climate
Summer is typically long and hot. Thunderstorms are common during summer. Spring and fall are usually short, while winter is cold.  The average precipitation is about 22 inches.

More reading
 Crockett, Norman I. The Black Towns. Lawrence: Regents Press of Kansas, 1979.
 Hamilton, Kenneth Marvin. Black Towns and Profit: Promotion and Development in the Trans-Appalachian West, 1877–1915. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
 Hamilton, Kenneth Marvin. "The Origins and Early Promotion of Nicodemus: A Pre-Exodus, All-Black Town." Kansas History 5 (winter 1982): 220–242.
 Promised Land on the Solomon: Black Settlement at Nicodemus, Kansas. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Rocky Mountain Region, n.d.
 Schwendemann, Glen. "Nicodemus: Negro Haven on the Solomon." Kansas Historical Quarterly 29 (spring 1963): 10–31.
 Shaw, Bill & Daniel Chu. Going home to Nicodemus: The story of an African American frontier town and the pioneers who settled it. Morristown: Silver Burdett Press, 1994.
 Shortridge, James R. Peopling the plains: Who Settled Where in Frontier Kansas. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995
 Athearn, Robert G. In Search Of Canaan: Black Migration to Kansas 1879–80.  Lawrence: Regents Press of Kansas, 1978
 Ravage, John W. Black Frontiers: Images of the Black Experience on the North American Frontier.  Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997.

References

Other websites

 Nicodemus National Historic Site
 Nicodemus Photo Tour
 Kansas State Historical Society, Portrait of Nicodemus
 A history of Nicodemus, Graham County, Kansas
 Nicodemus: Negro haven on the Solomon - 1971
 1877 Historic Flyer

Unincorporated communities in Kansas
Graham County, Kansas
Lengger is a traditional dance from the Banyumasan area of the central Java, Indonesia.

Dances
Java
Ragged schools were free schools for poor children’s education in nineteenth-century Britain. The London Ragged Schools Union was established in April 1844. They gave free education, food, clothes and other services. The classes were sometimes held in stables, lofts and railway arches. Most teachers were volunteers but there were some who were paid. About 300,000 children went to London ragged schools between 1844 and 1881.

The context 
There was no legal structure which supported primary education in England until the second half of the 19th century. There were, however, Church of England schools.

Parliament did not lay down rules for education until 1870, the year of Forster's Education Act (Elementary Education Act of 1870). The Elementary Education Act 1880 (the Mundella Act) made school boards  enforce compulsory attendance from 5 to 10 years. Attendance officers might visit the homes of absent (truant) children. Children who were employed needed a certificate to show they had reached the educational standard. Employers of these children who could not show this were penalised.

The 1891 Elementary Education Act provided for the state payment of school fees up to ten shillings per head. This made primary education free. The Elementary Education (School Attendance) Act 1893 raised the school leaving age to 11.

References

19th century in England
Education in England
Wanda Vázquez Garced is a Puerto Rican lawyer and politician. She was the 14th governor of Puerto Rico from August 7, 2019 to January 2, 2021. She also was Secretary of Justice from 2017 to 2019.

References

1959 births
1960 births
Governors of Puerto Rico
Women lawyers
US Republican Party politicians
People from San Juan, Puerto Rico
Suffern is a village that was created in 1796 in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, Suffern's population was 10,723.

References

Villages in New York
Bloomfield is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.  The population was 20,486 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in Connecticut
Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen (; August 20, 1873 – July 1, 1950) was a Finnish-American architect known for his work with art nouveau buildings in the early years of the 20th century.

Works

More readings

A&E with Richard Guy Wilson, Ph.D.,(2000). America's Castles: Newspaper Moguls, Pittock Mansion, Cranbrook House & Gardens, The American Swedish Institute. A&E Television Network.

1873 births
1950 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Finnish people
Architects from Chicago
People from Michigan
The Maumee River (pronounced ) (Shawnee: Hotaawathiipi; Miami-Illinois: Taawaawa siipiiwi) is a river running from northeastern Indiana into northwestern Ohio and Lake Erie in the United States. The city of Toledo is located at the mouth of the Maumee. 

It is the largest watershed of any of the rivers feeding the Great Lakes, and supplies five percent of Lake Erie’s water.

References

Ohio
Rivers of Indiana
Henry County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 28,215. Its county seat is Napoleon. The county was created in 1820. It is named for Patrick Henry.

Geography 
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 420 square miles (1,100 km2), of which 416 square miles (1,080 km2) is land and 3.7 square miles (9.6 km2) (0.9%) is water.

References

1830s establishments in Ohio
1834 establishments in the United States
Ohio counties
Blue Hills is a community in Hartford County, Connecticut. It is made up by the northwest corner of the city of Hartford and the southeast corner of the town of Bloomfield. 

The Bloomfield portion is listed by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP), with a population of 2,901 at the 2010 census.

References

Census-designated places in Connecticut
Dikembe Mutombo Mpolondo Mukamba Jean-Jacques Wamutombo (born June 25, 1966) is a Congolese-American retired professional basketball player and humanitarian. Mutombo played 18 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the Denver Nuggets, Atlanta Hawks, Philadelphia 76ers, New Jersey Nets, New York Knicks and the Houston Rockets.

References

1966 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American philanthropists
People from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Denver Nuggets players
Atlanta Hawks players
Philadelphia 76ers players
New Jersey Nets players
New York Knicks players
Houston Rockets players
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Bloomberg News (originally Bloomberg Business News) is an international news agency headquartered in New York. It creates news that is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bloomberg Markets, Bloomberg.com and Bloomberg's mobile platforms. Since 2015, John Micklethwait has been the editor-in-chief.

History
Bloomberg News was created by Michael Bloomberg and Matthew Winkler in 1990 to give financial news reporting to Bloomberg Terminal subscribers.

The agency was created in 1990 with a team of six people. Winkler was first editor-in-chief. In 2010, Bloomberg News had over 2,300 editors and reporters in 72 countries and 146 news bureaus worldwide.

References

Other websites
 Bloomberg News – Official website (Subscription needed to read articles)
 Bloomberg.com – Official Bloomberg L.P. website
 Bloomberg Politics - Official politics website (Subscription needed to read articles)
 Hoover's Bloomberg L.P. Company Profile

News
Michael Bloomberg
In ancient Greek religion, Nemesis (), is the goddess who takes vengeance against those who show hubris (arrogance before the gods).

Divine retribution is a major theme in the Hellenic world view. It is the unifying theme of the tragedies of Sophocles and many other literary works.

She carried a measuring rod (a tally stick), a bridle, scales, a sword, and a scourge (whip), and she rides in a chariot drawn by griffins.

Nemesis often is seen with another goddess named Aidos. Aidos is the goddess of shame. She is similar to Nemesis.

The Ancient Greek made different meanings for what they called "justice":
 Nemesis (as a goddess who gives to each what they deserve)
 Dike (to be in charge of what we would call civil law today)
 Dikaiosyne ("a just state," where the word justice comes from, meaning that everything is fair in their country)
 Nomos (a law made by the government)

In works of fiction the hero's nemesis is usually the villain and the hardest antagonist for the hero to defeat.

References

Other websites

Greek gods and goddesses
The Battle of Black Jack happened on June 2, 1856, when anti-slavery people, led by abolitionist John Brown, attacked the camp of Henry C. Pate near Baldwin City, Kansas. The battle is one event of "Bleeding Kansas," and it was part of the lead up to the American Civil War of 1861 to 1865.

In 2012 the National Park Service designated the battlefield a National Historic Landmark.

References

Other websites

 The Black Jack Battlefield and Nature Trust
 "Santa Fe Trail Site" View From USGS Aerial Photographs.

Bleeding Kansas
Brown County (county code BR) is a county in the northeast part of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 9,984 people lived there. Its county seat is Hiawatha. Hiawatha is the second-biggest city in Brown County. Brown County is where the Kickapoo Indian Reservation of Kansas is. It also has most of the Sac and Fox Reservation and most of the Iowa Reservation of Kansas and Nebraska.

History
Brown County was created in 1855.  It was named after Albert G. Brown.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.2%) is water. The Wolf River has starts in the county. Brown State Fishing Lake is in the county, 8 miles (13 km) east of Hiawatha.

Major highways
Sources:  National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
 U.S. Route 36
 U.S. Route 73
 U.S. Route 75
 U.S. Route 159
 Kansas Highway 20
 Kansas Highway 246

People

Government

Presidential elections

Brown County very Republican. Brown was Alf Landon’s strongest county in his home state during his 1936 presidential campaign. Noo Democratic presidential candidate has ever won a most of the votes Brown County.

Education

Unified school districts
 Hiawatha USD 415
 Brown County USD 430

Communities

Cities

Everest
Fairview
Hamlin
Hiawatha
Horton
Morrill
Powhattan
Reserve
Robinson
Sabetha (partly in Nemaha County)
Willis

References

More reading
 Standard Atlas of Brown County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 70 pages; 1919.
 Plat Book of Brown County, Kansas; Northwest Publishing Company; 44 pages; 1904.
 Meacham's Illustrated Atlas of Brown and Nemaha Counties, Kansas; J.H. Meacham & Company; 127 pages; 1887.

Other websites

County
 
 Brown County - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
 Brown County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

1855 establishments in Kansas Territory
Anderson County (county code AN) is a county in East Central Kansas, in the Central United States. In 2010, 8,102 lived there. Its county seat  is Garnett. Garnett is also the biggest city in Anderson County.

History
In 1855, Anderson County was created. It was named after Joseph C. Anderson.

In 1887, the first photograph of a tornado was taken in Anderson county.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.7%) is water.

Major highways
Sources:  National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
 U.S. Route 59
 U.S. Route 169
 Kansas Highway 31
 Kansas Highway 52
 Kansas Highway 58

People

Government

Presidential elections

Education

Unified school districts
 Garnett USD 365
 Anderson County High School
 Crest USD 479
 Crest High School

Communities

Cities
 Colony
 Garnett
 Greeley
 Kincaid
 Lone Elm
 Westphalia

References

More reading
 Plat Book of Anderson County, Kansas; Northwest Publishing Company; 41 pages; 1901.
 The History Of Anderson County, Kansas, From Its First Settlement To The Fourth Of July, 1876; W.A. Johnson; Kauffman & Iler; 289 pages; 1877.

Other websites

County
 
 Anderson County - Directory of Public Officials
 Anderson County - Development Agency
Historical
 Anderson County - History, Kansas State Historical Society
 Poster from Ninth Annual Anderson County Fair from September 25-28, 1891
Maps
 Anderson County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

 
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory
The Progressive Party was a third party in the United States. It was created in 1912 by former President  Theodore Roosevelt  after he lost the presidential nomination of the Republican Party to incumbent President William Howard Taft. The new party was known for taking advanced positions on progressive and populist reforms. It also attracted famous national reformers. After the party's defeat in  1912 , it went into rapid decline in elections until 1918, disappearing by 1920. The Progressive Party was often called the "Bull Moose Party" since Roosevelt often said that he felt "strong as a bull moose".

Politicians 

 Theodore Roosevelt
 Hiram Johnson
 John M. Parker
 Charles Evans Hughes

References

Other websites 

 editorial cartoons 
  TeddyRoosevelt.com: Bull Moose Information
 1912 platform of the Progressive Party 

Political parties in the United States
Khakassia (; Khakas: ) is a federal subject (state) of Russia. Its capital is Abakan. As of 2022 the population was 544,107.

References 

Central Asia
Siberia
Republics of Russia
Coordinates on Wikidata
Federal subjects of Russia
My Neighbors the Yamadas () is a 1999 Japanese animated comedy film written and directed by Isao Takahata and produced by Studio Ghibli.

1990s comedy movies
1999 movies
Animated movies
Fictional families
Japanese movies
Japanese-language movies
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies based on comics
Studio Ghibli
Terry Fallis is a Canadian writer and humourist. Fallis was trained as an engineer at McMaster University in Ontario. Fallis was involved in student politics and became president of the student union.  Fallis joined the Liberal Party of Canada and worked for the campaigns of Jean Chrétien, Robert Nixon and Micheal Ignatieff.  Fallis wrote and later self-published a novel called the "Best Laid Plans" about a man who wants to quit his work in politics by managing the campaign of someone he believes has absolutely no chance of winning so that no one will take him seriously enough ever to hire him again and then shockingly ends up having his political candidate win.  Fallis won the Stephen Leacock Award  for Canadian humour.  Fallis wrote a sequel to "The Best Laid Plans" called "The High Road" about an idealistic re-election campaign.  Fallis wrote "Up and Down" about a 71 year old woman from British Columbia who becomes an astronaut in NASA.  Fallis later met a man by the name of Brian Mulroney who is not related to the Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.  Fallis then wrote a novel called "No Relation" about a man who wants to become a writer but can't because his name happens to be Earnest Hemingway,even though he is not related to Ernest Hemingway and starts a support group for people who have famous names while trying to resist his father's effort to make him take over his father's underwear company.  Fallis wrote the novel "Poles Apart" about a man who starts a popular feminist website using the pseudonym Eve and who everyone assumes is a woman. Fallis also wrote a novel called "One Brother Shy"

Other websites 
 Terry Fallis

Canadian novelists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Stephen P. H. Butler Leacock  (30 December 1869 – 28 March 1944) was a Canadian teacher, political scientist, writer, and humorist. He was born in England and moved to Canada at the age of six and went to Upper Canada College in Toronto.

Education
Leacock completed his doctoral studies at the University of Chicago and started to teach at Upper Canada College before becoming Dean of political science and economics at Mcgill University in Montreal. Leacock eventually became principal of McGill.

Career
Leacock became a well-known writer and humourist and for a time was the world's most famous comedian. Leacock was an influence on Groucho Marx. Leacock was a social conservative. Leacock died in 1944. An Award for Canadian humour was named after him.

References 

1869 births
1944 deaths
Canadian comedians
Canadian novelists
Canadian writers
Cancer deaths in Canada
Deaths from oral cancer
People from Hampshire
Canadian political scientists
University of Chicago alumni
The Zhangxun Restoration was an attempt to restore the Qing Dynasty in July 1917. 

In 1911 after the Xinhai Revolution, the Qing Dynasty died. It was the last monarchy of China after thousands of years. The last emperor of the Qing was Puyi. General Zhang Xun tried to put Puyi back on the throne in 1917. Zhang got an army and entered Beijing.

But it lasted only a few days, from July 1 to July 12. Troops from the Republic of China (1912–1949) quickly ended it.

Citations 

Pages with unreviewed translations
Honing oil is a liquid solution that aids in sharpening different machinery. One of the most common type of honing oil is the one used with sharpening stones. Not only they protect the sharpening stone but they also keep the stone pores from clogging.

There are different types of honing oil and substitutes. It has been noticed that some people use water instead of honing oil to make the sharpening process smooth. Although, water is no substitute of honing oil according to many chefs and experts.

The thickness of honing oil matters a lot. For example, motor oil, which is another type of honing oil, cannot be used with sharpening stones since it is too thick and instead of protecting the sharpening stone pores, it will clog them.

Composition and toxicity 
The composition of honing oil is simple. There are two types of honing oil. One is the water based honing oil and the other is petroleum based. Chlorine and sulfur are the most common chemicals that are found in petroleum and mineral based honing oil.

Some honing oil could be toxic for specific materials such as petroleum based honing oil for sharpening stones. Windex, Simple Green and Lansky are some of the most common honing oil manufacturers.

Oils
Robert Plutchik (21 October 1927 – 29 April 2006) was an emeritus professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was also a professor at the University of South Florida. 

Plutchik received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. He was a psychologist. He authored or coauthored more than 260 articles, 45 chapters and eight books and edited seven books. His research interests included the study of emotions, the study of suicide and violence, and the study of the psychotherapy process.

References

Other websites
 The Nature of Emotions, a model that describes the relations among emotion concepts. Plutchik's Theory of Emotions
 The Nature of Emotions (American Scientist Vol. 89, No. 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2001), pp. 344-350)

American psychologists
1927 births
2006 deaths
Ruth Gotlieb  (née Wolman,  – 23 July 2019) was a British-New Zealand politician. She was born in England, but was raised in Cork, Ireland. Her career was based in Wellington, New Zealand. Gotlieb was a member of the Wellington City Council from 1983 to 2001.

Gotlieb died on 23 July 2019 in Wellington at the age of 96.

References

1920s births
2019 deaths
British politicians
New Zealand politicians
People from Wellington
People from Cork (city)
Ferdinand Herbord Ivar, Prince of Bismarck (German: Ferdinand Herbord Ivar Fürst von Bismarck; November 22, 1930 – July 23, 2019) was a German businessman and lawyer. He was the Prince of Bismarck from 1975 to 2019. He was replaced by his eldest son Carl-Eduard von Bismarck. He was born in London. He worked as an attorney in Hamburg.

Bismarck died on 23 July 2019 in Reinbek, Germany at the age of 88.

References

Other websites
"Innocence In Danger Gala" , Life
"Innocence In Danger Art For Children Charity Gala" , Wire Image, 26 April 2008, Berlin, Germany

1930 births
2019 deaths
German businesspeople
German lawyers
Princes and princesses
Businesspeople from London
Wallingford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 45,135 at the 2010 census. The community was named after Wallingford, in England.

References

Towns in Connecticut
Jesper Juul (18 April 1948 – 25 July 2019) was a Danish family therapist and author. He wrote many books on parenting to a general audience. In his book Your Competent Child (1995, in English 2001) he argues that families today have destructive values. The book Has so far (2007) been translated into 13 languages. He was born in Vordingborg, Denmark.

Juul died of pneumonia in Copenhagen on 25 July 2019 at the age of 71.

References

Other websites
Jesper Juul - official website
Kempler Institute

1948 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Danish scientists
Danish writers
Rose Franco (born January 22, 1934) is a retired United States Marine Corps Warrant Officer. She was born in Guánica, Puerto Rico. She is the first Hispanic woman to become a chief warrant officer in the U.S. Marine Corps.

In 1965, Franco was named Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Navy, Paul Nitze by the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson. She was promoted to the rank of Warrant Officer by the recommendation of the Secretary of the Navy.

References

Other websites
 Women's Memorial

1934 births
Living people
American military people
Puerto Rican people
725 W. Randolph Street is  proposed skyscraper in Chicago. It is designed by architectural firm Roger Ferris + Partners with architect of record Perkins Eastman . 

As proposed, the building will have residences and an Equinox-brand hotel. It is one of two buildings under development in the West Loop.  The Chicago Plan Commission approved the building in 2018, and related plans to break ground in 2019.

References

Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
One Chicago (formerly One Chicago Square) is a skyscraper in the River North neighborhood of Chicago. The building would have two towers connected by a central podium. When completed, the taller of the two towers would be the sixth-tallest structure in Chicago. 

The development has been approved by the Chicago Plan Commission for its zoning change and will have up to 869 residential units, both apartments and condominiums.

References

Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
400 Lake Shore Drive is a proposed set of connected towers to be built in Chicago, Illinois. Related Midwest is developing the project, and the firm Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill designed the buildings. It is scheduled to be completed by 2023.

References

Buildings and structures in Chicago, Illinois
Tribune East Tower is a proposed  mixed use tower on the eastern edge of the Tribune Tower property in the Streeterville area of the Near North Side community areas of Chicago. If completed, the skyscraper would become the second-tallest in Chicago. 

Plans were officially announced for a  tall 200-unit hotel, 439-apartment and 125-condominium building on April 16, 2018. These plans make the building  shorter than the Willis Tower, the city's tallest.

On mid-October 2018, the Chicago Plan Commission approved the plans for the city's second tallest building. Chicago City Council approved the plans in an October 31 meeting.

References

Proposed skyscrapers in the United States
Conchata Galen Ferrell (March 1, 1943 – October 12, 2020) was an American actress. She was best known for playing Berta the housekeeper for all twelve seasons of the sitcom Two and a Half Men. For her role, she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations (in 2005 and 2007).

Ferrell was born in Loudendale, West Virginia. She died on October 12, 2020 after a cardiac arrest at her home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles at the age of 77.

References

Other websites
 

Drama Desk Award winners
1943 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from West Virginia
People from Charleston, West Virginia
Kanawha County (  or  ) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 193,063. It is West Virginia's most populous county. Its county seat is Charleston, the state capital.

References

West Virginia counties
The  happened at Kyoto Animation's Studio 1 building for anime in the Fushimi-ku ward of Kyoto, Japan, on the morning of 18 July 2019.

The arson killed at least 36 people, injured 34, and destroyed all materials and computers in Studio 1. It is one of the deadliest killings in Japanese history since the end of World War II and the deadliest building fire in Japan since the Myojo 56 building fire in 2001.

Many heads of state have expressed condolences, including António Guterres, General Secretary of the United Nations. And many donations and massages have send to victims of the arson attack.

References

2019 disasters in Asia
2010s crimes in Asia
2010s fires
2010s in Japan
Arson
Attacks on buildings and structures in 2019
Attacks on buildings and structures in Asia
Building and structure fires in Asia

Disasters in Japan
July 2019 events
Animation arson attack
Sir John William Frederic Nott  (born 1 February 1932) is a former British Conservative Party politician. He was well known in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He was Secretary of State for Defence during the Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands and the Falklands War in the Margaret Thatcher cabinet.

References

1932 births
Living people
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
People from Devon
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Thomas Jeremy King, Baron King of Bridgwater,  (born 13 June 1933) is a British politician. He is a member of the Conservative Party. 

King was in the Cabinet from 1983–92, and was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Bridgwater in Somerset from 1970–2001. He was made a life peer in 2001.

In October 1988, there was a plot to murder King at his home in Winchester during the growing intensity of The Troubles.

References

1933 births
Living people
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
Former Conservative Party (UK) MPs
People from Warwickshire
Plymouth Congregational Church of Lawrence, Kansas is church that was created in 1854, months after the Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement. The present-day church building was built in 1870, and it is on the National Register of Historic Places.

The architect was John G. Haskell. He designed the Kansas State Capitol.

History

The Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement by the Kansas–Nebraska Act on May 30, 1854. Reverend Samuel Y. Lum of Middletown, New York was sent by the American Home Missionary Society to create a church in the Kansas Territory. This would become the first church in the entire territory. Before he came, sermons were given by laymen. The first service of Plymouth Congregational Church was held by Lum on October 1, 1854 in a mudbrick boarding house. Settlers who had come from New England came to the service.

Reverend Richard Cordley became a pastor in 1857. This was when the people moved into its first permanent building, called the "Stone Church." Though the building was not completed until 1862. Cordley was an abolitionist and was a free-stater. During the American Civil War, some members were killed by pro-Confederate soldiers in the Lawrence Massacre of 1863. Cordley's home was burned, but the church building was not hurt.

The Brick Church

The present-day building, also called "The Brick Church," was designed by architect John G. Haskell. Haskell also worked on other churches, schools, and the Kansas State Courthouse. Construction started in 1868. It was finished in May 1870. it costed $45,000. The windows were made in England. Services have been held regularly in the building since 1870.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 2, 2009. The building's architectural style is described as a Victorian-era church building with Gothic and Romanesque Revival characteristics.

Famous members
 Alan Mulally – The president of the Ford Motor Company said Rev. Dale Turner was "a mentor and an inspiration."

References

Other websites
 Plymouth Congregational Church website
 The Lawrence Massacre by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1865)
 A History of Lawrence, Kansas by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1895)
 Pioneer Days in Kansas by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1903)

1854 establishments in Kansas Territory
Churches in the United States
Buildings and structures in Lawrence, Kansas
Lawrence, Kansas
National Register of Historic Places in Douglas County, Kansas
Barber County (county code BA) is a county in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 4,861 people lived there. The county seat is Medicine Lodge. Medicine Lodge is also the biggest city in Barber County.  Barber County was named after Thomas W. Barber (born 22 February 1814), an abolitionist martyr who was killed in Douglas County 6 December 1855, during the Wakarusa War.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.2%) is water.

Major highways
Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
 U.S. Route 160
 U.S. Route 281
 Kansas Highway 2

Demographics

Government

This county has generally voted Republican in recent elections. The last time a democratic candidate has carried this county was in 1964.

Presidential elections

Education

Unified school districts
 Barber County North USD 254
 South Barber County USD 255

Communities

Cities
 Hardtner
 Hazelton
 Isabel
 Kiowa
 Medicine Lodge
 Sharon
 Sun City

References

More reading
 Chosen Land: A History of Barber County, Kansas; The Barber County History Committee; Taylor Printing; 1980.
 Standard Atlas of Barber County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 76 pages; 1923.
 Standard Atlas of Barber County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 64 pages; 1905.

Other websites

County
 
 Barber County - Directory of Public Officials
 Barber County - Development 
 Grave of abolitionist martyr Thomas W. Barber, for whom Barber County is named  at FindAGrave.com
Maps
 Barber County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

1867 establishments in Kansas
Bourbon County (county code BB) is a county  in Southeast Kansas. In 2010, 15,173 people lived there. Its county seat is Fort Scott. Fort Scott is also the biggest city in Bourbon County.

History

19th century
In 1855, Bourbon County was created.

21st century
Bourbon virus is a new strain of thogotovirus. It was first found in Bourbon County. In spring 2014, an otherwise healthy man was bitten by a tick. The man got the virus. He died 11 days later from organ failure.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.6%) is water.

Major highways
Sources:  National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
 U.S. Route 54
 U.S. Route 69
 Kansas Highway 3
 Kansas Highway 7
 Kansas Highway 31
 Kansas Highway 39
 Kansas Highway 65

People

Government

Presidential elections
Bourbon County is a strongly Republican county. Only six presidential elections from 1888 to the present have resulted in Republicans failing to win the county, with the last of these being in 1964.

Communities

Cities
 Bronson
 Fort Scott
 Fulton
 Mapleton
 Redfield
 Uniontown

Notable people
 Jonathan M. Davis, 22nd Governor of Kansas; born in Bourbon County.

References

More reading
 Standard Atlas of Bourbon County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 67 pages; 1920.
 History of Bourbon County, Kansas: To the Close of 1865; Thomas F. Robley; 269 pages; 1894.
 An Illustrated Historical Atlas of Bourbon County, Kansas; Edwards Brothers of Missouri; 55 pages; 1878.

Other websites

County
 
 Bourbon County - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
 Bourbon County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

 
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory
Decatur County (county code DC) is a county in Northwest Kansas. In 2010, 2,961 people lived there. Its county seat is Oberlin. Oberlin is also the biggest city in Decatur County. The county is named after Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr.

History
Decatur County was created on March 20, 1873 and organized on December 15, 1879. It is named after the Navy war hero Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr.. He served during the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War and the War of 1812.

Oberlin was where the last Native American (specifically the Northern Cheyenne) Raid in Kansas happened.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.07%) is water.

People

Government
Decatur county is very Republican. The last time a democratic candidate won the county was in 1936 by Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Presidential elections

Education

Unified school districts
 Oberlin USD 294
 Prairie Heights USD 295, dissolved as of July 1, 2006; absorbed by USD 294.

Communities

Cities
 Clayton
 Dresden
 Jennings
 Norcatur
 Oberlin

References

More reading
 Handbook of Decatur County, Kansas; C.S. Burch Publishing Co; 25 pages; 1885.
 Standard Atlas of Decatur County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 80 pages; 1921.
 Standard Atlas of Decatur County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 69 pages; 1905.

Other websites

County
 
 Decatur County - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
 Decatur County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

Kansas counties
1873 establishments in Kansas
Jewell County (county code JW) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 3,077 people lived there. Its county seat is Mankato. Mankato is also the biggest city in Jewell County.

History
In 1887, Jewell County was created. It was named after Lieutenant Colonel Lewis R. Jewell of the 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry.

In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) to Superior, Nebraska.  This railroad connected Strong City, Neva, Rockland, Diamond Springs, Burdick, Lost Springs, Jacobs, Hope, Navarre, Enterprise, Abilene, Talmage, Manchester, Longford, Oak Hill, Miltonvale, Aurora, Huscher, Concordia, Kackley, Courtland, Webber, Superior.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.5%) is water.

People

Government

Presidential elections

Education

Unified school districts
 Rock Hills USD 107

Communities

Cities
 Burr Oak
 Esbon
 Formoso
 Jewell
 Mankato
 Randall
 Webber

References

More reading
 Atlas and Plat Book of Jewell County, Kansas; Kenyon Co; 27 pages; 1921.
 Standard Atlas of Jewell County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 59 pages; 1908.
 Atlas of Jewell County, Kansas; Gillen & Davy ; 52 pages; 1884.

Other websites

County
 Jewell County - Directory of Public Officials
 Jewell County - Community Development Association
Historical
 Jewell County Kansas History and Heritage Project, Genealogy
Maps
 Jewell County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

1887 establishments in Kansas
Scott County (standard abbreviation: SC) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 4,936 people lived there. Its county seat is Scott City. Scott City is the only city in the county.

History
In 1873, Scott County was created.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.02%) is water.

People

Government

Presidential elections
Before 1940, Scott County was a swing county. They voted for the national winner in every presidential election from 1904 to 1936. After 1940, it has become one of the most Republican counties in the entire nation. Each of the last six presidential elections have resulted in the Republican candidate winning over 70 percent of the county's vote.

Education

Unified school districts
 Scott County USD 466

Library
The Scott County Public Library is at 110 West 8th in Scott City. The Scott County Library was the first free county public library in the state of Kansas. It was created in 1923.

Communities

City
Scott City

References

Notes

More reading
 Standard Atlas of Scott County, Kansas; Western Publishing Co; 34 pages; 1910.
 Handbook of Scott County, Kansas; C.S. Burch Publishing Co; 20 pages; 1887.

Other websites

County
 
 Scott County - Directory of Public Officials
Other
 Scott County Library
Maps
 Scott County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

1873 establishments in Kansas
Kansas counties
Seward County (standard abbreviation: SW) is a county of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 22,952 people lived there. The county seat is Liberal. Liberal is also the biggest city in Seward County. The county was created on March 20, 1873. It was named after William Henry Seward.

Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that,  is land and  (0.2%) is water. It borders Oklahoma to the south.

People

The Liberal, KS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Seward County.

Government

Presidential elections

Seward County has voted Republican since 1940. The last time Seward County voted for a Democratic candidate for President was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. In the Kansas Senate it is currently represented by Republican Garrett Love. In the Kansas House of Representatives it is represented by Republicans Bill Light and Carl Holmes.

Education

Unified school districts
 Liberal USD 480
 Kismet-Plains USD 483

Communities

Cities
 Kismet
 Liberal

References

Notes

Other websites

County
 
 Seward County - Directory of Public Officials

Historical railroad trestle - "Samson of the Cimarron"
 Samson of the Cimarron, kansastravel.org
 Mighty Samson Bridge nears 73rd birthday , leaderandtimes.com
 Sampson of the Cimarron history, rits.org

Maps
 Seward County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
 Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

 
1873 establishments in Kansas