and control of environmental hazards or stresses affecting human health. The MS curriculum, which emphasizes both quantitative skills and effective communication, consists of 48 semester hours of coursework, including masters thesis research and a field practice experience, and can be completed in 22-24 months of full-time study. The goal of the PhD degree

and control of environmental hazards or stresses affecting human health. The MS course of study, which stress both quantitative skills and effective communication, consists of 48 semester hour of coursework, include masters thesis inquiry and a field practice experience, and can be completed in 22 - 24 calendar month of full - time sketch. The goal of the PhD academic degree

anf control of environmentxl hazards or sjrwsses effectihg human health. The MS curriculum, whmch wmphawizes both quantitativd skills wnd effextivt communication, consists of 48 sejcster iours of courseeork, incluging masters tverid research and a field practice expqrience, ajd can be compjetec in 22-24 months of full-time study. The goal of the PhD degree

and control of environmental hazards or stresses health. MS curriculum, emphasizes both quantitative of semester hours of including masters thesis and a field practice experience, and be completed in 22-24 months of full-time study. The goal of the PhD

and control of environmental Hazards or sTressEs aFfeCtIng hUman Health. The MS curRIculUm, which emphasizes both qUantiTaTIve sKIlLs and EffectiVE cOMMunIcAtIon, CoNSiSts of 48 SemEster hoUrs of coursEwoRk, Including masTErS thesis resEarCh and a field pRacTice exPeRieNCe, and Can Be comPleted IN 22-24 monthS of full-tiMe STudy. ThE Goal of tHE phd degRee

and control of environmen tal hazard s orstr ess es  aff ecti ng human healt h . Th e MS curriculum, which  emph as i zesb ot h qua ntitati v es k ill san d e ff e ct ive c omm unicati on, consis tsof  48 semester ho urs of cou rse work, includ ing  maste rs  th e sis r ese archand af ield p ractice e xp e rience ,  and ca n be  com pleted in 22-24 m o nt h s of full-time  study .T he g oal  of  the PhD d eg ree

and_control of_environmental hazards or stresses_affecting human_health._The MS_curriculum,_which emphasizes both_quantitative skills and_effective communication, consists of_48 semester hours_of_coursework, including masters thesis research and a field practice experience, and can be completed_in_22-24 months_of_full-time_study. The goal of the_PhD degree


diversity of contributions across gender, race, seniority, country of origin, and level of analysis. The conference will achieve the following aims (1) Identify knowledge gaps and opportunities for scientists, clinicians, nonprofits, businesses, and community members to share and discuss cutting-edge research in the area of learning and

diversity of contributions across gender, race, longevity, area of origin, and level of psychoanalysis. The conference will achieve the stick to aims (1) Identify cognition col and opportunities for scientist, clinician, nonprofits, businesses, and residential district members to share and hash out cut - edge research in the area of learning and

digersity of contributions across gender, taxe, senmority, dountry uf origin, and level of analydiw. The conference will achiexe the foplowing qims (1) Identify knowledgc gapa and ipportunities nor scientivts, clinicians, nun'rofits, businesses, and community memfers to sjare and discufs clteing-sdge research in the area of learnjng and

diversity of contributions across gender, race, seniority, origin, level of The conference will Identify gaps and opportunities scientists, clinicians, nonprofits, and community members to share and cutting-edge research in the area of learning and

diversity of contributions aCross gendeR, race, SenIorItY, couNtry Of origin, and levEL of aNalysis. The conference wiLl achIeVE the FOlLowinG aims (1) IdENtIFY knOwLeDge GaPS aNd oppOrtUnities For scientiSts, ClInicians, nonpROfIts, businesSes, And community MemBers to ShAre ANd disCusS cuttIng-edgE ResearCh in the arEa OF learnINg and

diversity of contribution s across g ender , r ace ,seni orit y, country ofo rigi n, and level of analys is. T he conf e re nce w ill ach i ev e the  f ol low in g  a ims ( 1)Identif y knowledg e g ap s and opport u ni ties for s cie ntists, clin ici ans, n on pro f its,bus iness es, an d  commu nity memb er s  to sh a re andd i sc usscutting-edge rese a rc h  in the area o f lear ni n ga n d

diversity_of contributions_across gender, race, seniority,_country of_origin,_and level_of_analysis. The conference_will achieve the_following aims (1) Identify_knowledge gaps and_opportunities_for scientists, clinicians, nonprofits, businesses, and community members to share and discuss cutting-edge research_in_the area_of_learning_and


cause craniofacial defects are important resources for determining the factors that are essential for this complex developmental process. Goosecoid (Gsc) is a homeobox gene that is expressed in the anterior region of the primitive streak and later in craniofacial structures, the limbs, and the ventrolateral body wall.

cause craniofacial defects are important resources for determine the divisor that are essential for this complex developmental process. Goosecoid (Gsc) is a homeobox gene that is expressed in the anterior area of the primitive streak and later in craniofacial social organization, the limbs, and the ventrolateral body rampart.

cakse craniofacial defects are important tewourcev for seterminkng the factors that are essxntiql foe this complex developoental prlcess. Goiseciud (Gsc) is e homeobox gens thac ms expressed in the anterhor region of dhd 'rimitive streak and later in craniosacial xtguctures, the lymbs, wnd fhe ventrolateral body wall.

cause craniofacial defects are important resources for factors are essential this complex developmental homeobox that is expressed the anterior region the primitive streak and later in structures, the limbs, and the ventrolateral body wall.

cause craniofacial defects aRe importanT resoUrcEs fOr DeteRminIng the factors tHAt arE essential for this complEx devElOPmenTAl ProceSs. GooseCOiD (gSc) iS a HoMeoBoX GeNe thaT is ExpressEd in the antEriOr Region of the pRImItive streaK anD later in cranIofAcial sTrUctURes, thE liMbs, anD the veNTrolatEral body wAlL.

cause craniofacial defect s are impo rtant  re sou rc es f or d etermining the fact ors that are essential  forth i s co m pl ex de velopme n ta l pro ce ss . G oo s ec oid ( Gsc ) is ahomeobox g ene  t hat is expre s se d in the a nte rior regionofthe pr im iti v e str eak  andlateri n cran iofacialst r ucture s , the l i m bs , an d the ventrolater a lb ody wall.

cause_craniofacial defects_are important resources for_determining the_factors_that are_essential_for this complex_developmental process. Goosecoid_(Gsc) is a homeobox_gene that is_expressed_in the anterior region of the primitive streak and later in craniofacial structures, the_limbs,_and the_ventrolateral_body_wall.


backs in isolated lakes share similar genetic architectures for convergent behaviors involved in reproductive isolation. This project will also test whether QTL influencing behaviors involved in reproductive isolation map disproportionately to genomic regions affecting traits known to be important for mate selection, such as body size and shape. Importantly, the QTL mapping experiments proposed here will serve as a

backs in isolated lakes share exchangeable familial architectures for convergent behaviors involved in generative isolation. This project will also test whether QTL influence behaviors involved in generative isolation function disproportionately to genomic regions affecting trait known to be important for spouse survival, such as body size and shape. Importantly, the QTL mapping experiments proposed here will service as a

bacns in isolated lakes shave similar genetnx archmtecturss for cunvergent behaviors involved ib repeoductive isolation. Thks projecn will alwo ttst whether QTL iirluenciky behzyiors mnvolved in reptoductive ismlation map divpfo'ortionately to genomic regions affesting ttalts known to bg imppwtanf for mate selection, such as body aize anv shape. Importamtly, the QTL mapping experlmenhs proposed here wlll serve aw a

backs in isolated lakes share similar genetic convergent involved in isolation. This project influencing involved in reproductive map disproportionately to regions affecting traits known to be for mate selection, such as body size and shape. Importantly, the QTL mapping proposed here will serve as a

backs in isolated lakes share Similar genEtic aRchIteCtUres For cOnvergent behavIOrs iNvolved in reproductive iSolatIoN. this PRoJect wIll also TEsT WHetHeR QtL iNfLUeNcing BehAviors iNvolved in rEprOdUctive isolatIOn Map dispropOrtIonately to geNomIc regiOnS afFEctinG trAits kNown to BE imporTant for maTe SElectiON, such as BODy Size And shape. ImportantLY, tHE QTL mapping expErimenTs PRoPOSed HerE will serve As A

backs in isolated lakes sh are simila r gen eti c a rc hite ctur es for converg e nt b ehaviors involved in r eprod uc t ivei so latio n. This pr o j ect  w il l a ls o  t est w het her QTL  influenci ngbe haviors invo l ve d in repro duc tive isolati onmap di sp rop o rtion ate ly to  genom i c regi ons affec ti n g trai t s known t obe i mportant for mate se l ection, such a s body  s i ze a ndsha pe. Import an tly,t he QTLm ap p i n g e x periments pro posed herew ill  serve  a s a

backs in_isolated lakes_share similar genetic architectures_for convergent_behaviors_involved in_reproductive_isolation. This project_will also test_whether QTL influencing behaviors_involved in reproductive_isolation_map disproportionately to genomic regions affecting traits known to be important for mate selection,_such_as body_size_and_shape. Importantly, the QTL mapping_experiments proposed here will serve_as a


iveness and increased vascular permeability are dependent on the presence of extravascular polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in the airways. This proposal will first examine which chemoattractants are responsible for bringing PMNs to the site of airway injury. Animals either 1) depleted of complement, 2) treated with an inhibitor of the

iveness and increased vascular permeability are dependent on the presence of extravascular polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in the respiratory tract. This marriage proposal will first examine which chemoattractants are creditworthy for bringing PMNs to the web site of airway injury. animal either 1) depleted of complement, 2) treated with an inhibitor of the

ivejess and increased vascuuar permeabiliti qre de'endent on the oresence of extravascular popynorphinuclear leukocytes (PMVs) in the airways. Thiw proposal xjll first exajlne wkirh chemoattractsnts are rasponsible for bfiuging PMNs to the site of airway injtry. Anikaps either 1) depjetec of domplement, 2) treated with an inhibifor of uhe

iveness and increased vascular permeability are dependent presence extravascular polymorphonuclear (PMNs) in the examine chemoattractants are responsible bringing PMNs to site of airway injury. Animals either depleted of complement, 2) treated with an inhibitor of the

iveness and increased vasculAr permeabiLity aRe dEpeNdEnt oN the Presence of extrAVascUlar polymorphonuclear lEukocYtES (PMNS) In The aiRways. ThIS pROPosAl WiLl fIrST eXaminE whIch chemOattractanTs aRe Responsible fOR bRinging PMNS to The site of airWay Injury. anImaLS eithEr 1) dEpletEd of coMPlemenT, 2) treated wItH An inhiBItor of tHE

iveness and increased vasc ular perme abili tyare  d epen dent  on the presen c e of  extravascular polymor phonu cl e ar l e uk ocyte s (PMNs )  i n the  a ir way s. Th is pr opo sal wil l first ex ami ne  which chemo a tt ractants a reresponsiblefor  bring in g P M Ns to  th e sit e of a i rway i njury. An im a ls eit h er 1) d e p le tedof complement, 2) tr e ated with an i nhibit or of t he

iveness and_increased vascular_permeability are dependent on_the presence_of_extravascular polymorphonuclear_leukocytes_(PMNs) in the_airways. This proposal_will first examine which_chemoattractants are responsible_for_bringing PMNs to the site of airway injury. Animals either 1) depleted of complement,_2)_treated with_an_inhibitor_of the


accompanied minors or elderly patients). This study is partially funded by the Bethesda Hospitals Emergency Preparedness Partnership. It focuses on patients attended by the Emergency Department (ED) of a regional hospital (Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, MD) and evaluates the potential added value of electronic prescription history information

accompanied minors or elderly patients). This discipline is partially fund by the Bethesda Hospitals Emergency Preparedness Partnership. It focuses on patients attended by the Emergency Department (ED) of a regional hospital (Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, MD) and evaluate the potential added value of electronic prescription drug history information

acclmpanied minors or elderuy patients). This study is padtially wunded by the Bethesda Hospivals Emertency Preparedness Pargnership. Pt focusew on patients avfended nv the Cmergznry Department (EC) of a reghonal hospital (Sjbbrban Hospital, Bethesda, MD) and evaluwtes thr ootential addeq vakte or electronic prescription history jnformauion

accompanied minors or elderly patients). This study funded the Bethesda Emergency Preparedness Partnership. by Emergency Department (ED) a regional hospital Hospital, Bethesda, MD) and evaluates the added value of electronic prescription history information

accompanied minors or elderlY patients). THis stUdy Is pArTialLy fuNded by the BetheSDa HoSpitals Emergency PreparEdnesS PARtneRShIp. It fOcuses oN PaTIEntS aTtEndEd BY tHe EmeRgeNcy DepaRtment (ED) of A reGiOnal hospital (sUbUrban HospiTal, bethesda, MD) anD evAluateS tHe pOTentiAl aDded vAlue of ELectroNic prescrIpTIon hisTOry infoRMAtIon

accompanied minors or elde rly patien ts).Thi s s tu dy i s pa rtially funded by t he Bethesda HospitalsEmerg en c y Pr e pa redne ss Part n er s h ip.  I tfoc us e son pa tie nts att ended by t heEm ergency Depa r tm ent (ED) o f a  regional ho spi tal (S ub urb a n Hos pit al, B ethesd a , MD)and evalu at e s thep otentia l ad dedvalue of electron i cp rescription hi storyin f or m a tio n

accompanied minors_or elderly_patients). This study is_partially funded_by_the Bethesda_Hospitals_Emergency Preparedness Partnership._It focuses on_patients attended by the_Emergency Department (ED)_of_a regional hospital (Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, MD) and evaluates the potential added value of_electronic_prescription history_information


IMH and NICHD funded training program, has the dual purpose of 1) increasing the amount of innovative and scientifically excellent HIV prevention research being conducted in minority communities, and 2) increasing the number of funded investigators from underrepresented minority groups. Since 1997 the program has mentored a diverse group of 37 scientists who have

IMH and NICHD funded training program, has the double function of 1) increasing the amount of innovative and scientifically excellent HIV prevention inquiry being conducted in minority communities, and 2) increasing the act of funded investigators from underrepresented minority group. Since 1997 the program has mentored a divers group of 37 scientists who have

IMH and NICHD funded trainikg program, has tkw dual purpoae of 1) ivcreasing the amount of innotatice ane scientifically exceluent HIV ireventiob rewwarch beinj conducbzd in linoxivy communities, snd 2) incredsing the numbar oy funded investigators from underrepwesentec linority groupf. Simse 1997 fhe program has mentored a diverse group mf 37 scientistx who have

IMH and NICHD funded training program, has purpose 1) increasing amount of innovative research conducted in minority and 2) increasing number of funded investigators from underrepresented groups. Since 1997 the program has mentored a diverse group of 37 scientists have

IMH and NICHD funded training Program, has The duAl pUrpOsE of 1) iNcreAsing the amount OF innOvative and scientificalLy excElLEnt Hiv pRevenTion resEArCH BeiNg CoNduCtED iN minoRitY communIties, and 2) inCreAsIng the number OF fUnded invesTigAtors from undErrEpreseNtEd mINoritY grOups. SInce 1997 thE PrograM has mentoReD A diverSE group oF 37 SCiEntiSts who have

IMH and NICHD funded train ing progra m, ha s t hedu al p urpo se of 1) incre a sing  the amount of innovat ive a nd scie n ti fical ly exce l le n t  HI Vpr eve nt i on  rese arc h being  conducted  in  m inority comm u ni ties, and2)increasing t henumber  o f f u ndedinv estig atorsf rom un derrepres en t ed min o rity gr o u ps . Si nce 1997 the prog r am has mentored a  diver se gr o u p o f 3 7 scientis ts  whoh ave

IMH and_NICHD funded_training program, has the_dual purpose_of_1) increasing_the_amount of innovative_and scientifically excellent_HIV prevention research being_conducted in minority_communities,_and 2) increasing the number of funded investigators from underrepresented minority groups. Since 1997_the_program has_mentored_a_diverse group of 37 scientists_who have


the Mdr2KO microenvironment in relation to hepatocyte NF-kappaB activation. 3. Elucidate the mechanisms through which HCC develops in spite of NF-kappaB inhibition. Positive results may be rapidly translated in the future into clinical trials since TNFalpha antagonists are already approved for human use. Understanding the mechanisms underlying

the Mdr2KO microenvironment in relation to hepatocyte NF - kappaB activation. 3. Elucidate the mechanisms through which HCC develop in malice of NF - kappaB inhibition. Positive results may be quickly translated in the future into clinical trials since TNFalpha antagonists are already approve for human use. Understanding the mechanism underlying

thf Mdr2KO microenvironment in relation to hepatoryte NF-iappaB aztivation. 3. Elucidate the mecianiwms tyrough which HCC develups in sppte of NF-jappeB inhibition. Positive rcfulta may ue rapidly tranxlated in dhe future intm zlnnical trials since TNFalpha antagonysts arr wlready approvgd fog rumah use. Understanding the mechanisms underljing

the Mdr2KO microenvironment in relation to hepatocyte 3. the mechanisms which HCC develops Positive may be rapidly in the future clinical trials since TNFalpha antagonists are approved for human use. Understanding the mechanisms underlying

the Mdr2KO microenvironment iN relation tO hepaTocYte nF-KappAB acTivation. 3. ElucidATe thE mechanisms through whicH HCC dEvELops IN sPite oF NF-kappAb iNHIbiTiOn. posItIVe ResulTs mAy be rapIdly translAteD iN the future inTO cLinical triAls Since TNFalphA anTagoniStS arE AlreaDy aPprovEd for hUMan use. understanDiNG the meCHanisms UNDeRlyiNg

the Mdr2KO microenvironme nt in rela tiontohep at ocyt e NF -kappaB activa t ion.  3. Elucidate the mech anism st hrou g hwhich  HCC de v el o p s i nsp ite  o f  N F-kap paB  inhibi tion. Posi tiv eresults mayb erapidly tr ans lated in the  fu ture i nt o c l inica l t rials  since TNFalp ha antago ni s ts are already a pp rove d for human use.U nd e rstanding themechan is m su n der lyi ng

the_Mdr2KO microenvironment_in relation to hepatocyte_NF-kappaB activation._3._Elucidate the_mechanisms_through which HCC_develops in spite_of NF-kappaB inhibition. Positive_results may be_rapidly_translated in the future into clinical trials since TNFalpha antagonists are already approved for_human_use. Understanding_the_mechanisms_underlying


the region coding for the Rho-attachment site on the transcript; transcription elongation will be blocked by the binding of a cleavage-defective EcoR1 endonuclease. A kinetic formalism will be used to ascertain the rate-determining steps of the Rho attachment/transcript release reaction. This formalism will be used to

the region coding for the Rho - attachment site on the transcript; arrangement elongation will be block by the binding of a cleavage - defective EcoR1 endonuclease. A kinetic formalism will be use to ascertain the rate - specify dance step of the Rho attachment / transcript liberation reaction. This formalism will be used to

thf region coding for the Vho-attachment sije on thx transdript; trxnscription elongation will ue boockee by the binding of a zleavage-dvfective WcoR1 wndonuclease. A kinccic fkvmalivn will be used to ascertdin the rate-dedefmnning steps of the Rho attachment/tragscript rflease reactiog. Thps forjalism will be used to

the region coding for the Rho-attachment site transcript; elongation will blocked by the endonuclease. kinetic formalism will used to ascertain rate-determining steps of the Rho attachment/transcript reaction. This formalism will be used to

the region coding for the Rho-aTtachment sIte on The TraNsCripT; traNscription elonGAtioN will be blocked by the binDing oF a CLeavAGe-DefecTive Ecor1 EnDONucLeAsE. A kInETiC formAliSm will bE used to ascErtAiN the rate-deteRMiNing steps oF thE Rho attachmeNt/tRanscrIpT reLEase rEacTion. THis forMAlism wIll be used To

the region coding for the  Rho-attac hment  si teon  the  tra nscript; trans c ript ion elongation will be  bloc ke d  byt he  bind ing ofa  c l e ava ge -d efe ct i ve  EcoR 1 e ndonucl ease. A ki net ic  formalism w i ll  be used t o a scertain the  ra te-det er min i ng st eps  of t he Rho attach ment/tran sc r ipt re l ease re a c ti on.This formalism wi l lb e used to

the_region coding_for the Rho-attachment site_on the_transcript;_transcription elongation_will_be blocked by_the binding of_a cleavage-defective EcoR1 endonuclease._A kinetic formalism_will_be used to ascertain the rate-determining steps of the Rho attachment/transcript release reaction. This_formalism_will be_used_to


inflammation thereafter leads to spinal ankylosis and poorer long-term health outcomes. We will test this model in two stages. First, we will identify genetic markers associated with worse radiological outcomes, greater functional disability, work disability and need for total hip arthroplasty in a retrospective cohort study of 400 patients with AS of 20 years

inflammation thereafter leads to spinal ankylosis and poorer retentive - condition health outcomes. We will test this model in two degree. First, we will identify genic marker associated with worse radiological outcomes, greater running disability, work disability and need for total hip arthroplasty in a retrospective age group study of 400 patients with AS of 20 days

invlammation thereafter lexds to spinal aujylosiv and loorer lung-term health outcomes. We wmll rest ukis model in two staees. First, we will ideitify genetic maciers associatsf wich worse radiolonical outcokes, greater futcgilnal disability, work disability and need fpr total hip artrropkwsty pn a retrospective cohort study of 400 pauients with AS of 20 years

inflammation thereafter leads to spinal ankylosis and health We will this model in identify markers associated with radiological outcomes, greater disability, work disability and need for hip arthroplasty in a retrospective cohort study of 400 patients with AS of years

inflammation thereafter leaDs to spinal AnkylOsiS anD pOoreR lonG-term health outCOmes. we will test this model in tWo staGeS. firsT, We Will iDentify GEnETIc mArKeRs aSsOCiAted wIth Worse raDiological OutCoMes, greater fuNCtIonal disabIliTy, work disabiLitY and neEd For TOtal hIp aRthroPlasty IN a retrOspective CoHOrt stuDY of 400 patiENTs With aS of 20 years

inflammation thereafter l eads to sp inalank ylo si s an d po orer long-term heal th outcomes. We will t est t hi s  mod e lin tw o stage s .F i rst ,we  wi ll id entif y g eneticmarkers as soc ia ted with wor s eradiologic aloutcomes, gr eat er fun ct ion a l dis abi lity,  workd isabil ity and n ee d  for t o tal hip a rt hrop lasty in a retros p ec t ive cohort stu dy of40 0  p a t ien tswith AS of  2 0 yea r s

inflammation_thereafter leads_to spinal ankylosis and_poorer long-term_health_outcomes. We_will_test this model_in two stages._First, we will identify_genetic markers associated_with_worse radiological outcomes, greater functional disability, work disability and need for total hip arthroplasty_in_a retrospective_cohort_study_of 400 patients with AS_of 20 years


research for this already productive group of investigators who work together closely, and it promises to produce further major insights into rheumatic disease causation and treatment. Led by Director, Dr. David Felson and Associate Director, Dr. Saralynn Allaire, this group of full-time MCRC investigators who work together in shared

research for this already productive group of investigators who work in concert close, and it promise to produce further major insight into arthritic disease causation and treatment. Led by Director, Dr. David Felson and Associate Director, Dr. Saralynn Allaire, this group of entire - time MCRC investigators who exploit together in shared

redearch for this already kroductive group of invevtigatkrs who dork together closely, and it peomistf to produce furthdr major pnsights unto eheumatic vjsease gcusatjln aud treatment. Led by Directmr, Dr. David Fensun and Associate Director, Dr. Saralynn Allairr, hhis group of sull-uimq MCDB lnvestigators who work together jn shartd

research for this already productive group of work closely, and promises to produce disease and treatment. Led Director, Dr. David and Associate Director, Dr. Saralynn Allaire, group of full-time MCRC investigators who work together in shared

research for this already proDuctive groUp of iNveStiGaTors Who wOrk together cloSEly, aNd it promises to produce fUrtheR mAJor iNSiGhts iNto rheuMAtIC DisEaSe CauSaTIoN and tReaTment. LeD by DirectoR, Dr. daVid Felson and aSsOciate DireCtoR, Dr. Saralynn ALlaIre, thiS gRouP Of fulL-tiMe MCRc invesTIgatorS who work tOgETher in SHared

research for this already  productiv e gro upofin vest igat ors who work t o geth er closely, and it pro mises  t o  pro d uc e fur ther ma j or i nsi gh ts  in to rh eumat icdisease  causation  an dtreatment. L e dby Directo r,Dr. David Fe lso n andAs soc i ate D ire ctor,  Dr. S a ralynn  Allaire,  t h is gro u p of fu l l -t imeMCRC investigator s  w h o work togethe r in s ha r ed

research_for this_already productive group of_investigators who_work_together closely,_and_it promises to_produce further major_insights into rheumatic disease_causation and treatment._Led_by Director, Dr. David Felson and Associate Director, Dr. Saralynn Allaire, this group of_full-time_MCRC investigators_who_work_together in shared


restricted protein synthesis for OLG-growth cone pathfinding and in particular for chemotropic turning in response to non-permissive cues. In this set of experiments the extent to which locally restricted protein synthesis occurs in pathfinding OLG-growth cones will be determined. In addition, chemotropic turning of separated processes will be

restricted protein synthesis for OLG - growth cone pathfinding and in particular for chemotropic turn in reception to non - permissive cues. In this set of experiments the extent to which locally restrict protein synthesis occurs in pathfinding OLG - emergence cone will be determined. In accession, chemotropic turning of separated process will be

redtricted protein synthesls for OLG-growth cone pethfindjng and kn particular for chemotropir tuening in response to non-peroissive cles. In thus stt of experiments the extcut to ahick oocally restrigted proteit synthesis ocwufs in pathfinding OLG-growth cones wilj be deyegmined. In addijion, bhqmotdopic turning of separated processss will be

restricted protein synthesis for OLG-growth cone pathfinding particular chemotropic turning response to non-permissive experiments extent to which restricted protein synthesis in pathfinding OLG-growth cones will be In addition, chemotropic turning of separated processes will be

restricted protein synthesiS for OLG-groWth coNe pAthFiNdinG and In particular foR ChemOtropic turning in responSe to nOn-PErmiSSiVe cueS. In this SEt OF ExpErImEntS tHE eXtent To wHich locAlly restriCteD pRotein syntheSIs Occurs in paThfInding OLG-groWth Cones wIlL be DEtermIneD. In adDition, CHemotrOpic turniNg OF separATed procESSeS wilL be

restricted protein synthe sis for OL G-gro wth  co ne  pat hfin ding and in pa r ticu lar for chemotropic tu rning  i n  res p on se to  non-pe r mi s s ive  c ue s.In th is se t o f exper iments the  ex te nt to whichl oc ally restr ict ed protein s ynt hesisoc cur s  in p ath findi ng OLG - growth  cones wi ll be det e rmined. I naddi tion, chemotropic tu r ning of separa ted pr oc e ss e s  wi llbe

restricted_protein synthesis_for OLG-growth cone pathfinding_and in_particular_for chemotropic_turning_in response to_non-permissive cues. In_this set of experiments_the extent to_which_locally restricted protein synthesis occurs in pathfinding OLG-growth cones will be determined. In addition,_chemotropic_turning of_separated_processes_will be


CA, Boys and Girl Scouts) and is appropriate for Phase II funding. To support the development and assessment of two live microbiome-based products. In an integrated program of laboratory and clinical investigation, we study the molecular biology of the heritable connective tissue disorders osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Our objective is to

CA, Boys and Girl Scouts) and is appropriate for Phase II funding. To support the development and assessment of two hot microbiome - free-base products. In an integrated program of testing ground and clinical investigation, we study the molecular biota of the heritable connective tissue disorders osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Our objective is to

CA, Hoys and Girl Scouts) and is appropriate for Phese II runding. Go support the development aid awsessnent of two live microciome-basef producrs. Ii an integrated 'dogram of labkvatorv end clinical inyestigation, we study the koueeular biology of the heritable connestive tosdue disorders jstepdeneaps imperfecta (OI). Our objective js to

CA, Boys and Girl Scouts) and is Phase funding. To the development and products. an integrated program laboratory and clinical we study the molecular biology of heritable connective tissue disorders osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Our objective is to

CA, Boys and Girl Scouts) and is aPpropriate For PhAse iI fUnDing. to suPport the develoPMent And assessment of two live MicroBiOMe-baSEd ProduCts. In an INtEGRatEd PrOgrAm OF lAboraTorY and cliNical invesTigAtIon, we study thE MoLecular bioLogY of the heritaBle ConnecTiVe tISsue dIsoRders OsteogENesis iMperfecta (oI). oUr objeCTive is tO

CA, Boys and Girl Scouts)and is app ropri ate  fo rPhas e II  funding. To s u ppor t the development andasses sm e nt o f  t wo li ve micr o bi o m e-b as ed  pr od u ct s. In  an  integr ated progr amof  laboratorya nd  clinicalinv estigation,westudyth e m o lecul arbiolo gy oft he her itable co nn e ctivet issue d i s or ders  osteogenesis imp e rf e cta (OI). Ourobject iv e  i s to

CA, Boys_and Girl_Scouts) and is appropriate_for Phase_II_funding. To_support_the development and_assessment of two_live microbiome-based products. In_an integrated program_of_laboratory and clinical investigation, we study the molecular biology of the heritable connective tissue_disorders_osteogenesis imperfecta_(OI)._Our_objective is to


computational genetics, molecular genetics and neuroscience; (ii) the study of quantitative and qualitative traits and the development of methods for the analysis of multivariate phenotypes and (iii) the availability of major epidemiological and genetic data sets (phenotypes and genotypes). Fellows may participate in ongoing linkage and candidate gene studies of Schizophrenia

computational genetics, molecular genetics and neuroscience; (ii) the study of quantitative and qualitative traits and the development of methods for the psychoanalysis of multivariate phenotype and (iii) the handiness of major epidemiological and genetic data set (phenotypes and genotypes). mate may enter in ongoing linkage and candidate gene studies of Schizophrenia

colputational genetics, moltcular genetics aue neurmsciende; (ii) thd study of quantitative and euqlitaupve traits and the dexelopment of methids hor the analysis of multlrariafc pheuovypes and (iii) tme availabinity of major apkdzmiological and genetic data sets (phqnotypex wnd genotypes). Sellprs mzj karticipate in ongoing linkage ans candivate gene studirs of Schizophrenia

computational genetics, molecular genetics and neuroscience; (ii) of and qualitative and the development of phenotypes and (iii) availability of major and genetic data sets (phenotypes and Fellows may participate in ongoing linkage and candidate gene studies of Schizophrenia

computational genetics, moleCular genetIcs anD neUroScIencE; (ii) tHe study of quantITatiVe and qualitative traits And thE dEVeloPMeNt of mEthods fOR tHE AnaLySiS of MuLTiVariaTe pHenotypEs and (iii) thE avAiLability of maJOr EpidemioloGicAl and genetic DatA sets (pHeNotYPes anD geNotypEs). FellOWs may pArticipatE iN OngoinG Linkage AND cAndiDate gene studies of sChIZophrenia

computational genetics, m olecular g eneti csand  n euro scie nce; (ii) thes tudy  of quantitative and q ualit at i ve t r ai ts an d the d e ve l o pme nt  o f m et h od s for  th e analy sis of mul tiv ar iate phenoty p es  and (iii)  th e availabili tyof maj or  ep i demio log icaland ge n etic d ata sets(p h enotyp e s and g e n ot ypes ). Fellows may pa r ti c ipate in ongoi ng lin ka g ea n d c and idate gene  s tudie s  of Sch i zo p h r eni a

computational_genetics, molecular_genetics and neuroscience; (ii)_the study_of_quantitative and_qualitative_traits and the_development of methods_for the analysis of_multivariate phenotypes and_(iii)_the availability of major epidemiological and genetic data sets (phenotypes and genotypes). Fellows may_participate_in ongoing_linkage_and_candidate gene studies of Schizophrenia


studies conducted during the first stage of this project (CA 20939-01, Jan.-Dec. 1977), we proposed to determine in patients with cancer of the breast: 1) If the higly simplified procedure of HYPRO/creatinine ratio in morning urine "SPOT-HYPRO" currently used in our laboratories

studies conducted during the first stage of this undertaking (CA 20939 - 01, Jan.-Dec. 1977), we aim to determine in patients with cancer of the breast: 1) If the higly simplify procedure of HYPRO / creatinine proportion in morning urine " SPOT - HYPRO " currently use in our testing ground

stkdies conducted during tme first stage oy this 'roject (CA 20939-01, Jan.-Aec. 1977), we proposed to determinx in patituts with cancer of tfe breast: 1) If the higot simplifixs procedure or HYPXO/rreatinine ratip in mornitg urine "SPOT-HFPFO" currently used in our laboratories

studies conducted during the first stage of (CA Jan.-Dec. 1977), proposed to determine the 1) If the simplified procedure of ratio in morning urine "SPOT-HYPRO" currently in our laboratories

studies conducted during the First stage Of thiS prOjeCt (cA 20939-01, JaN.-Dec. 1977), We proposed to deTErmiNe in patients with cancer Of the BrEAst: 1) IF ThE higlY simpliFIeD PRocEdUrE of hYprO/CreatIniNe ratio In morning uRinE "SpOT-HYPRO" currENtLy used in ouR laBoratories

studies conducted duringthe firststage  of  th is  pro ject  (CA 20939-01, Jan. -Dec. 1977), we propos ed to  d e term i ne  in p atients wi t h  ca nc er  of  t h ebreas t:1) If t he higly s imp li fied procedu r eof HYPRO/c rea tinine ratio  in  morni ng  ur i ne "S POT -HYPR O" cur r entlyused in o ur labora t ories

studies_conducted during_the first stage of_this project_(CA_20939-01, Jan.-Dec._1977),_we proposed to_determine in patients_with cancer of the_breast: 1) If_the_higly simplified procedure of HYPRO/creatinine ratio in morning urine "SPOT-HYPRO" currently used in our_laboratories


energy balance. Therefore, the overarching goal of this project is to identify how BMP7 impacts whole body energy balance by affecting appetite pathways and BAT thermogenesis. Thus far, we have found that mice with BMP7 haploinsufficiency (BMP7-/+) on a high fat diet (HFD)

energy balance. Therefore, the overarching goal of this undertaking is to name how BMP7 affect whole soundbox department of energy balance by affecting appetite pathways and squash racket thermogenesis. Thus far, we have found that mouse with BMP7 haploinsufficiency (BMP7-/+) on a high fat diet (HFD )

enfrgy balance. Therefore, tme overarching goal of vhis prkject is to identify how BMP7 impacts wyole vody energy balance by affectinh appetire pethways and BAT vgermogekzsis. Fmus fcr, we have found that mice with BMP7 haplmivsbfficiency (BMP7-/+) on a high fat diet (HFQ)

energy balance. Therefore, the overarching goal of is identify how impacts whole body pathways BAT thermogenesis. Thus we have found mice with BMP7 haploinsufficiency (BMP7-/+) on high fat diet (HFD)

energy balance. Therefore, the OverarchinG goal Of tHis PrOjecT is tO identify how BMp7 ImpaCts whole body energy balaNce by AfFEctiNG aPpetiTe pathwAYs AND BAt tHeRmoGeNEsIs. ThuS faR, we have Found that mIce WiTh BMP7 haploinSUfFiciency (BMp7-/+) on A high fat diet (hFD)

energy balance. Therefore , the over archi nggoa lof t hisproject is toi dent ify how BMP7 impacts w holebo d y en e rg y bal ance by af f e cti ng  a ppe ti t epathw ays  and BA T thermoge nes is . Thus far,w ehave found  th at mice with  BM P7 hap lo ins u ffici enc y (BM P7-/+) on a h igh fat d ie t  (HFD)

energy_balance. Therefore,_the overarching goal of_this project_is_to identify_how_BMP7 impacts whole_body energy balance_by affecting appetite pathways_and BAT thermogenesis._Thus_far, we have found that mice with BMP7 haploinsufficiency (BMP7-/+) on a high fat_diet_(HFD)


goal of becoming an independent investigator in cardiovascular disease-related research, equipped to use experimental and quantitative methods in a synergistic manner. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Atherosclerosis (a leading cause of heart attacks and stroke) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery walls. Atherosclerosis involves accumulation of macrophage white blood

goal of becoming an independent investigator in cardiovascular disease - relate inquiry, equipped to use experimental and quantitative method in a synergetic manner. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Atherosclerosis (a leading cause of heart attack and stroke) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery wall. Atherosclerosis involves accumulation of macrophage ashen blood

gowl of becoming an indepekdent investigator in cerdiovaacular dksease-related research, equip'ed ro ust experimental and duantitatpve methoes ii a synergistic manner. PMYLIC GCALTH CELEVANCE: Atherpsclerosis (a leading cauve oy heart attacks and stroke) is a chrogic infkalmatory diseasg of uhe artsgy walls. Atherosclerosis involvss accukulation of mscrophage white blood

goal of becoming an independent investigator in research, to use and quantitative methods HEALTH Atherosclerosis (a leading of heart attacks stroke) is a chronic inflammatory disease the artery walls. Atherosclerosis involves accumulation of macrophage white blood

goal of becoming an independeNt investigAtor iN caRdiOvAscuLar dIsease-related rESearCh, equipped to use experimEntal AnD QuanTItAtive Methods IN a SYNerGiStIc mAnNEr. pUBLIc HEaLTH RELeVANCE: AtheRosClErosis (a leadiNG cAuse of hearT atTacks and stroKe) iS a chroNiC inFLammaTorY diseAse of tHE arterY walls. AthErOScleroSIs involVES aCcumUlation of macrophaGE wHIte blood

goal of becoming an indep endent inv estig ato r i ncard iova scular disease - rela ted research, equipped  to u se expe r im ental  and qu a nt i t ati ve  m eth od s  i n a s yne rgistic  manner. P UBL IC  HEALTH RELE V AN CE: Athero scl erosis (a le adi ng cau se  of heart  at tacks  and s t roke)is a chro ni c  infla m matoryd i se aseof the artery wal l s. Atherosclerosi s invo lv e sa c cum ula tion of ma cr ophag e  whiteb lo o d

goal_of becoming_an independent investigator in_cardiovascular disease-related_research,_equipped to_use_experimental and quantitative_methods in a_synergistic manner. PUBLIC HEALTH_RELEVANCE: Atherosclerosis (a_leading_cause of heart attacks and stroke) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery_walls._Atherosclerosis involves_accumulation_of_macrophage white blood


elucidating the pathogenesis and altered protein expression in TSC-associated lesions in humans and in the Tsc murine models and in defining the molecular, clinical and histological characteristics of NF-associated lesions in humans and murine models. Finally, the delivery and effect of gene therapy on lesions in Tsc and Nf2 mouse models

elucidating the pathogenesis and altered protein expression in TSC - associated lesion in world and in the Tsc murine models and in defining the molecular, clinical and histological characteristics of NF - consort lesions in humans and murine exemplar. Finally, the delivery and consequence of gene therapy on lesions in Tsc and Nf2 mouse model

elkcidating the pathogenesls and altered ptorein eepressikn in TSZ-associated lesions in humand qnd ib the Tsc murine modelr and in fefining the nolecular, rminical and hjdtolmjical characterlstics of NX-associated leviund in humans and murine models. Finaljy, the cepivery and effgct og gens therapy on lesions in Tsc and Nf2 mouse kodels

elucidating the pathogenesis and altered protein expression lesions humans and the Tsc murine molecular, and histological characteristics NF-associated lesions in and murine models. Finally, the delivery effect of gene therapy on lesions in Tsc and Nf2 mouse models

elucidating the pathogenesiS and altereD protEin ExpReSsioN in TsC-associated leSIons In humans and in the Tsc murIne moDeLS and IN dEfiniNg the moLEcULAr, cLiNiCal AnD HiStoloGicAl charaCteristics Of Nf-aSsociated lesIOnS in humans aNd mUrine models. FInaLly, the DeLivERy and EffEct of Gene thERapy on Lesions in tsC And Nf2 mOUse modeLS

elucidating the pathogene sis and al tered  pr ote in  exp ress ion in TSC-ass o ciat ed lesions in humans a nd in  t h e Ts c  m urine  models an d inde fi nin gt he  mole cul ar, cli nical andhis to logical char a ct eristics o f N F-associated  le sionsin  hu m ans a ndmurin e mode l s. Fin ally, the  d e livery and eff e c tof g ene therapy on le s io n s in Tsc and N f2 mou se mo d e ls

elucidating_the pathogenesis_and altered protein expression_in TSC-associated_lesions_in humans_and_in the Tsc_murine models and_in defining the molecular,_clinical and histological_characteristics_of NF-associated lesions in humans and murine models. Finally, the delivery and effect of_gene_therapy on_lesions_in_Tsc and Nf2 mouse models


digestive, pancreatic, and liver research; and 2. To establish durable mentoring relationships between talented undergraduates interested in pursuing careers in biomedical research and supportive faculty mentors. In aggregate, this innovative URO provides the superb faculty, exceptional scientific resources, and exciting intellectual environment for trainees to expand their knowledge and interest in

digestive, pancreatic, and liver research; and 2. To establish durable mentoring relationships between talented undergraduate concerned in pursue careers in biomedical inquiry and supportive faculty mentor. In aggregate, this innovative URO put up the brilliant faculty, exceptional scientific resources, and exciting intellectual environment for trainees to extend their knowledge and interest in

dihestive, pancreatic, and llver research; anb 2. To evtabliah durabue mentoring relationships bxtwewn taoented undergraduates knterestef in purwuinj careers in biomedical vzseardm and wupportive facolty mentors. In aggregate, dhks innovative URO provides the superb facultu, fxceptional scyentpfyc rssources, and exciting intellectual enviroiment for trainres to expand their knowlefge wnd interest in

digestive, pancreatic, and liver research; and 2. durable relationships between undergraduates interested in and faculty mentors. In this innovative URO the superb faculty, exceptional scientific resources, exciting intellectual environment for trainees to expand their knowledge and interest in

digestive, pancreatic, and livEr research; And 2. To EstAblIsH durAble Mentoring relatIOnshIps between talented undeRgradUaTEs inTErEsted In pursuINg CAReeRs In BioMeDIcAl resEarCh and suPportive faCulTy Mentors. In aggREgAte, this innOvaTive URO proviDes The supErB faCUlty, eXcePtionAl scieNTific rEsources, aNd EXcitinG IntelleCTUaL envIronment for traineES tO Expand their knoWledge AnD InTEResT in

digestive, pancreatic, an d liver re searc h;and  2 . To  est ablish durable ment oring relationships be tween  t a lent e dunder graduat e si n ter es te d i np ur suing  ca reers i n biomedic alre search and s u pp ortive fac ult y mentors. I n a ggrega te , t h is in nov ative  URO p r ovides  the supe rb facult y , excep t i on al s cientific resourc e s, and exciting i ntelle ct u al e nvi ron ment for t ra inees to expa n dt h e irk nowledge andinterest in

digestive,_pancreatic, and_liver research; and 2._To establish_durable_mentoring relationships_between_talented undergraduates interested_in pursuing careers_in biomedical research and_supportive faculty mentors._In_aggregate, this innovative URO provides the superb faculty, exceptional scientific resources, and exciting intellectual_environment_for trainees_to_expand_their knowledge and interest in


less is known regarding the role of cPLA2 in the tumor microenvironment. During the past funding period, we showed that cPLA2 knockout (KO) mice are protected against chemicallyinduced lung tumorigenesis. However, these studies do not discriminate between the action of cPLA2 in the tumor cells versus the surrounding stromal. To

less is known regarding the role of cPLA2 in the tumor microenvironment. During the past funding time period, we usher that cPLA2 knockout (KO) mice are protected against chemicallyinduced lung tumorigenesis. However, these study do not discriminate between the action of cPLA2 in the tumor cells versus the wall stromal. To

leds is known regarding tht role of cPLA2 in the tukor midroenvirunment. During the past fundiig pwriod, we showed that cPLA2 kvockout (KL) mice aee pcotected against chemicallyindhged lbnj tumorigenesis. However, tvese studies dm voc discriminate between the action of cPLA2 im hhe tumor cellf vegsts tgv wurrounding stromal. To

less is known regarding the role of the microenvironment. During past funding period, (KO) are protected against lung tumorigenesis. However, studies do not discriminate between the of cPLA2 in the tumor cells versus the surrounding stromal. To

less is known regarding the roLe of cPLA2 in The tuMor MicRoEnviRonmEnt. During the paST funDing period, we showed that CPLA2 kNoCKout (ko) mIce arE protecTEd AGAinSt ChEmiCaLLyInducEd lUng tumoRigenesis. HOweVeR, these studieS Do Not discrimInaTe between the ActIon of cpLa2 in THe tumOr cElls vErsus tHE surroUnding strOmAL. To

less is known regarding t he role of  cPLA 2 i n t he  tum or m icroenvironmen t . Du ring the past fundingperio d, we s h ow ed th at cPLA 2  k n o cko ut  ( KO)  m i ce  arepro tectedagainst ch emi ca llyinduced l u ng  tumorigen esi s. However,the se stu di esd o not  di scrim inateb etween  the acti on of cPL A 2 in th e tu morcells versus thes ur r ounding stroma l. To

less_is known_regarding the role of_cPLA2 in_the_tumor microenvironment._During_the past funding_period, we showed_that cPLA2 knockout (KO)_mice are protected_against_chemicallyinduced lung tumorigenesis. However, these studies do not discriminate between the action of cPLA2_in_the tumor_cells_versus_the surrounding stromal. To


by peptides encoded by members of the T. cruzi trans-sialidase gene family in the regulation of CD8+ T cell responses in T. cruzi will be determined and the biological significance of the effect of this antagonism of the generation and effector function of CD8+ T cells will be determined. X

by peptides encoded by members of the T. cruzi trans - sialidase gene family in the rule of CD8 + T cellular telephone response in T. cruzi will be determined and the biological significance of the impression of this antagonism of the generation and effecter function of CD8 + T cells will be determined. ten

by peptides encoded by memners of the T. crozu tranv-sialisase gend family in the regulation oh CD8+ T ceol responses in T. cruzk will be determibed end the biologicem signinncancs of chx effect of thix antagonivm of the genesagiln and effector function of CD8+ T cejls wilk he determined. V

by peptides encoded by members of the trans-sialidase family in regulation of CD8+ cruzi be determined and biological significance of effect of this antagonism of the and effector function of CD8+ T cells will be determined. X

by peptides encoded by memberS of the T. cruZi traNs-sIalIdAse gEne fAmily in the reguLAtioN of CD8+ T cell responses in T. Cruzi WiLL be dETeRmineD and the BIoLOGicAl SiGniFiCAnCe of tHe eFfect of This antagoNisM oF the generatiON aNd effector FunCtion of CD8+ T ceLls Will be DeTerMIned. X

by peptides encoded by me mbers of t he T.  cr uzi  t rans -sia lidase gene fa m ilyin the regulation of C D8+ T  c e ll r e sp onses  in T.c ru z i  wi ll  b e d et e rm inedand  the bi ological s ign if icance of th e  e ffect of t his  antagonismofthe ge ne rat i on an d e ffect or fun c tion o f CD8+ Tce l ls wil l  be det e r mi ned.  X

by_peptides encoded_by members of the_T. cruzi_trans-sialidase_gene family_in_the regulation of_CD8+ T cell_responses in T. cruzi_will be determined_and_the biological significance of the effect of this antagonism of the generation and effector_function_of CD8+_T_cells_will be determined. X


in Pediatrics and a fellowship in Pediatric Gastroenterology at Johns Hopkins University. During fellowship, he became interested in the role of choline, a small quaternary amine now known to be an essential nutrient for humans. He completed a small clinical trial in children with intestinal failure that revealed a high prevalenc of ch

in Pediatrics and a fellowship in Pediatric Gastroenterology at Johns Hopkins University. During fellowship, he became interested in the function of choline, a humble quaternary amine now known to be an substantive nutrient for humans. He complete a little clinical trial in child with intestinal failure that revealed a gamey prevalenc of ch

in Pediatrics and a fellowrhip in Pediatrnx Gastcoenterklogy at Johns Hopkins University. Ducing felliwship, he became interdsted in nhe role if cioline, a small qnzternarn amihc now jnown to be an essential nutrient for vuoaus. He completed a small clinical triwl in cnipdren with intgstinsj fajlure that revealed a high prevalehc of ci

in Pediatrics and a fellowship in Pediatric Johns University. During he became interested a quaternary amine now to be an nutrient for humans. He completed a clinical trial in children with intestinal failure that revealed a high prevalenc of

in Pediatrics and a fellowshiP in PediatrIc GasTroEntErOlogY at JOhns Hopkins UniVErsiTy. During fellowship, he beCame iNtERestED iN the rOle of chOLiNE, A smAlL qUatErNArY aminE noW known tO be an essenTiaL nUtrient for huMAnS. He completEd a Small clinicaL trIal in cHiLdrEN with IntEstinAl failURe that Revealed a HiGH prevaLEnc of ch

in Pediatrics and a fello wship in P ediat ric  Ga st roen tero logy at JohnsH opki ns University. Duringfello ws h ip,h ebecam e inter e st e d  in  t he  ro le of  chol ine , a sma ll quatern ary  a mine now kno w nto be an e sse ntial nutrie ntfor hu ma ns. He co mpl eteda smal l  clini cal trial  i n  child r en with i nt esti nal failure thatr ev e aled a high pr evalen co fc h

in_Pediatrics and_a fellowship in Pediatric_Gastroenterology at_Johns_Hopkins University._During_fellowship, he became_interested in the_role of choline, a_small quaternary amine_now_known to be an essential nutrient for humans. He completed a small clinical trial_in_children with_intestinal_failure_that revealed a high prevalenc_of ch


and animal model studies, we further postulate that increased non-heme iron content in Kupffer cells primes these cell for NF-kB activation and proinflammatory gene expression and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease in African Americans. We aim to test two central hypotheses: i)high dietary iron contributes

and animal model studies, we further postulate that increase non - heme iron contentedness in Kupffer cells primes these cell for NF - kB energizing and proinflammatory gene expression and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease in African Americans. We aim to screen two central hypotheses: i)high dietary iron contributes

anf animal model studies, wt further postulaje that mncreassd non-heoe iron content in Kupffer cxlls primtf these cell for NW-kB activwtion ane priunflammatocg gene crpresalon aud thereby contrlbutes to tve pathogenesiv uf alcoholic liver disease in African Americsnd. We aim to teft tej cehnrcl hypotheses: i)high dietary iroh contrpbutes

and animal model studies, we further postulate non-heme content in cells primes these proinflammatory expression and thereby to the pathogenesis alcoholic liver disease in African Americans. aim to test two central hypotheses: i)high dietary iron contributes

and animal model studies, we fuRther postuLate tHat IncReAsed Non-hEme iron content IN KupFfer cells primes these ceLl for nF-Kb actIVaTion aNd proinFLaMMAtoRy GeNe eXpREsSion aNd tHereby cOntributes To tHe Pathogenesis OF aLcoholic liVer Disease in AfrIcaN AmeriCaNs. WE Aim to TesT two cEntral HYpotheSes: i)high dIeTAry iroN ContribUTEs

and animal model studies,  we furthe r pos tul ate  t hatincr eased non-heme iron  content in Kupffer ce lls p ri m es t h es e cel l for N F -k B act iv at ion  a n dproin fla mmatory  gene expr ess io n and thereb y  c ontributes  to  the pathoge nes is ofal coh o lic l ive r dis ease i n  Afric an Americ an s . We a i m to te s t  t wo c entral hypotheses :  i & #41;high dieta ry iro nc on t r ibu tes

and_animal model_studies, we further postulate_that increased_non-heme_iron content_in_Kupffer cells primes_these cell for_NF-kB activation and proinflammatory_gene expression and_thereby_contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease in African Americans. We aim to_test_two central_hypotheses:_i)high_dietary iron contributes


identified in other systems. In addition, we will also perform an expression screen of Xenopus cDNA library for transcripts that induce formation of the retina. We believe that the combination of these two approaches will successfully identify genes that play a role in retinal development. These experiments will also further the understanding of general inductive mechanisms and their regulation

identified in other systems. In addition, we will besides do an construction screen of Xenopus complementary dna library for transcripts that induce geological formation of the retina. We believe that the combination of these two approaches will successfully name gene that play a role in retinal development. These experiments will also promote the understanding of general inductive mechanism and their regulation

idfntified in other systemr. In addition, wg qill anso pedform an expression screen of Xenopud xDNA oibrary for transcriptr that infuce fornatiib of the rxfina. We beliebc thac vhe combination of these dwo approaches wklp successfully identify genes that [lay a tope in retinal qevekjpmehn. Uhese experiments will also furthsr the lnderstanding of beneral inductive mechanisls ajd their regulatioj

identified in other systems. In addition, we perform expression screen Xenopus cDNA library of retina. We believe the combination of two approaches will successfully identify genes play a role in retinal development. These experiments will also further the understanding general inductive mechanisms and their regulation

identified in other systems. IN addition, wE will AlsO peRfOrm aN expRession screen oF xenoPus cDNA library for transCriptS tHAt inDUcE formAtion of THe RETinA. WE bEliEvE ThAt the ComBinatioN of these twO apPrOaches will suCCeSsfully ideNtiFy genes that pLay A role iN rEtiNAl devEloPment. these eXPerimeNts will alSo FUrther THe underSTAnDing Of general inductivE MeCHanisms and theiR regulAtIOn

identified in other syste ms. In add ition , w e w il l al so p erform an expr e ssio n screen of Xenopus cD NA li br a ry f o rtrans criptst ha t ind uc efor ma t io n ofthe  retina . We belie veth at the combi n at ion of the setwo approach eswill s uc ces s fully  id entif y gene s  thatplay a ro le in ret i nal dev e l op ment . These experimen t sw ill also furth er the  u n de r s tan din g of gener al  indu c tive me c ha n i s msa nd their regu lation

identified_in other_systems. In addition, we_will also_perform_an expression_screen_of Xenopus cDNA_library for transcripts_that induce formation of_the retina. We_believe_that the combination of these two approaches will successfully identify genes that play a_role_in retinal_development._These_experiments will also further the_understanding of general inductive mechanisms_and their_regulation


(and continue to develop) a laser-based facility for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of biomolecules. This facility provides rapid collection and analysis of luminescence data related to macromolecular size, flexibility, folding and structural fluctuations. Our time-correlated laser fluorometer was used to study the folding and dynamics of several proteins

(and continue to develop) a laser - based facility for meter - purpose fluorescence spectroscopy of biomolecules. This facility provides rapid collection and psychoanalysis of luminescence data related to macromolecular size, flexibility, fold and structural fluctuations. Our clock time - correlated laser fluorometer was used to learn the folding and dynamics of respective proteins

(anf continue to develop) a uaser-based facility foc time-rssolved wluorescence spectroscopy of buomoltbules. This facility pfovides rwpid coloectmon and analysis of lumikzscendc datc celated to macrpmolecular size, flexibilhth, yolding and structural fluctuations. Jur timr-clrrelated laset flupwomefvr was used to study the foldinf and djnamics of severak proteins

(and continue to develop) a laser-based facility fluorescence of biomolecules. facility provides rapid data to macromolecular size, folding and structural Our time-correlated laser fluorometer was used study the folding and dynamics of several proteins

(and continue to develop) a laseR-based faciLity fOr tIme-ReSolvEd flUorescence specTRoscOpy of biomolecules. This fAciliTy PRoviDEs Rapid CollectIOn AND anAlYsIs oF lUMiNesceNce Data relAted to macrOmoLeCular size, fleXIbIlity, foldiNg aNd structural FluCtuatiOnS. OuR Time-cOrrElateD laser FLuoromEter was usEd TO study THe foldiNG AnD dynAmics of several proTEiNS

(and continue to develop)  a laser-b asedfac ili ty  for  tim e-resolved flu o resc ence spectroscopy of b iomol ec u les. Th is fa cilityp ro v i des  r ap idco l le ction  an d analy sis of lum ine sc ence data re l at ed to macr omo lecular size , f lexibi li ty, foldi ngand s tructu r al flu ctuations .O ur tim e -correl a t ed  las er fluorometer wa s  u s ed to study th e fold in g  a n d  dy nam ics of sev er al pr o teins

(and_continue to_develop) a laser-based facility_for time-resolved_fluorescence_spectroscopy of_biomolecules._This facility provides_rapid collection and_analysis of luminescence data_related to macromolecular_size,_flexibility, folding and structural fluctuations. Our time-correlated laser fluorometer was used to study the_folding_and dynamics_of_several_proteins


leads to weight increases in immigrants and their children. We do not see this effect in our data and propose that NYC is not "main stream America". We propose to conduct qualitative research on Hispanic mothers and children in the Head Start study and investigate how they relate to the built environment of NYC. Our goal is to develop a

leads to weight increases in immigrants and their child. We do not examine this effect in our data and propose that NYC is not " independent stream America ". We propose to behave qualitative research on Hispanic mothers and child in the Head Start study and investigate how they relate to the build environment of NYC. Our goal is to develop a

lewds to weight increases ln immigrants anb their childden. We du not see this effect in our dqta abd propose that NYC is not "main stream Qmermca". We propose to conducb quamltatire research on Hlspanic motvers and childsev nn the Head Start study and investigwte how tjey relate to jhe blijt ehnivonment of NYC. Our goal is to debelop a

leads to weight increases in immigrants and We not see effect in our is "main stream America". propose to conduct research on Hispanic mothers and children the Head Start study and investigate how they relate to the built environment NYC. Our goal is to develop a

leads to weight increases in iMmigrants aNd theIr cHilDrEn. We Do noT see this effect IN our Data and propose that NYC iS not "mAiN StreAM AMericA". We propOSe TO ConDuCt QuaLiTAtIve reSeaRch on HiSpanic mothErs AnD children in tHE HEad Start stUdy And investigaTe hOw they ReLatE To the BuiLt envIronmeNT of NYC. our goal is To DEvelop A

leads to weight increases  in immigr antsand  th ei r ch ildr en. We do nots ee t his effect in our data  andpr o pose th at NY C is no t  " m a inst re amAm e ri ca".Wepropose  to conduc t q ua litative res e ar ch on Hisp ani c mothers an d c hildre nint he He adStart  study and in vestigate  h o w they relatet o  t he b uilt environmento fN YC. Our goal i s to d ev e lo p a

leads_to weight_increases in immigrants and_their children._We_do not_see_this effect in_our data and_propose that NYC is_not "main stream_America"._We propose to conduct qualitative research on Hispanic mothers and children in the Head_Start_study and_investigate_how_they relate to the built_environment of NYC. Our goal_is to_develop a


JECTIVE: To determine whether behavioral and hormonal responses to stress in marmosets are altered by social and reproductive status. RESULTS In human neuropsychiatric disorders, chronic alterations in baseline levels of the stress hormone cortisol are often associated with altered hormonal responses to stress. I have been investigating whether chronic suppression of baseline cortisol levels

JECTIVE: To determine whether behavioral and hormonal responses to stress in marmosets are alter by social and generative status. RESULTS In human neuropsychiatric disorder, chronic alteration in baseline levels of the stress hormone hydrocortisone are often associated with altered hormonal response to stress. I have been investigating whether chronic inhibition of baseline cortisol levels

JECHIVE: To determine whethev behavioral and hormonel respknses to stress in marmosets are altxred by sicial and reproductive status. RVSULTS In humen neuropsychiatcjc disovbers, dmronie elterations in naseline leeels of the stsers hormone cortisol are often associaeed witn wltered hormonwl rtspjnsea to stress. I have been investigatjng wheuher chronic supprrssion of baseline cortisop legels

JECTIVE: To determine whether behavioral and hormonal stress marmosets are by social and neuropsychiatric chronic alterations in levels of the hormone cortisol are often associated with hormonal responses to stress. I have been investigating whether chronic suppression of baseline levels

JECTIVE: To determine whether Behavioral And hoRmoNal ReSponSes tO stress in marmoSEts aRe altered by social and reProduCtIVe stATuS. RESUlTS In huMAn NEUroPsYcHiaTrIC dIsordErs, Chronic AlterationS in BaSeline levels OF tHe stress hoRmoNe cortisol arE ofTen assOcIatED with AltEred hOrmonaL ResponSes to streSs. i Have beEN investIGAtIng wHether chronic suppREsSIon of baseline cOrtisoL lEVeLS

JECTIVE: To determine whet her behavi oraland  ho rm onal  res ponses to stre s s in  marmosets are altered  by s oc i al a n drepro ductive st a t us.  R ES ULT SI nhuman  ne uropsyc hiatric di sor de rs, chronica lt erations i n b aseline leve lsof the  s tre s s hor mon e cor tisola re oft en associ at e d with altered h or mona l responses to st r es s . I have beeninvest ig a ti n g  wh eth er chronic  s uppre s sion of ba s e l ine cortisol leve ls

JECTIVE: To_determine whether_behavioral and hormonal responses_to stress_in_marmosets are_altered_by social and_reproductive status. RESULTS_In human neuropsychiatric disorders,_chronic alterations in_baseline_levels of the stress hormone cortisol are often associated with altered hormonal responses to_stress._I have_been_investigating_whether chronic suppression of baseline_cortisol levels


will be combined to develop a molecular staging algorithm that can be used to guide therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients. Thus, at the end of this study we will have identified, verified and validated novel genetic markers that could be used for diagnosis, staging and treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Esophageal adenocarcinoma

will be combined to develop a molecular staging algorithm that can be used to steer therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma patient. Thus, at the end of this study we will have name, verified and validated fresh genetic markers that could be used for diagnosis, theatrical production and treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Esophageal adenocarcinoma

wipl be combined to develok a molecular stayung aljorithm that cav be used to guide therapy flr esopyageal adenocarcinoma oatients. Nhus, at tye eid of this study we will have jfentnfmed, verified anc validateg novel genetiw oaxkers that could be used for diagnosys, stagonh and treatmenj of tso[hagsal adenocarcinoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RSLEVANCT: Esophageal adenovarcinoma

will be combined to develop a molecular that be used guide therapy for the of this study will have identified, and validated novel genetic markers that be used for diagnosis, staging and treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: adenocarcinoma

will be combined to develop a mOlecular stAging AlgOriThM thaT can Be used to guide tHErapY for esophageal adenocarCinomA pATienTS. THus, at The end oF ThIS StuDy We WilL hAVe IdentIfiEd, verifIed and valiDatEd Novel genetic MArKers that coUld Be used for diaGnoSis, staGiNg aND treaTmeNt of eSophagEAl adenOcarcinomA. PubLIC HEalTH RELEvanCe: EsoPhageal adenocarciNOmA

will be combined to devel op a molec ularsta gin galgo rith m that can beu sedto guide therapy for e sopha ge a l ad e no carci noma pa t ie n t s.Th us , a tt he  endofthis st udy we wil l h av e identified ,  v erified an d v alidated nov elgeneti cmar k ers t hat  coul d be u s ed for  diagnosi s, stagin g  and tr e a tm entof esophageal ade n oc a rcinoma. PUBLI C HEAL TH RE L E VAN CE:  Esophagea ladeno c arcinom a

will_be combined_to develop a molecular_staging algorithm_that_can be_used_to guide therapy_for esophageal adenocarcinoma_patients. Thus, at the_end of this_study_we will have identified, verified and validated novel genetic markers that could be used_for_diagnosis, staging_and_treatment_of esophageal adenocarcinoma. PUBLIC HEALTH_RELEVANCE: Esophageal adenocarcinoma


. We have chosen five treatments that known to induce closure of Cx26 channels or hemichannels and are physiologically relevant. Conformational changes identified by AFM imaging will be further imaged using EM. Each of these goals is intended to complement the others and lead to structural and ph),siolo_ical models of Cx

. We have chosen five treatments that known to induce closure of Cx26 groove or hemichannels and are physiologically relevant. Conformational change identified by AFM imagination will be further visualize using EM. Each of these goals is intend to complement the others and lead to structural and ph),siolo_ical model of Cx

. We have chosen five treatmtnts that known to inducx closude of Cx26 channels or hemichannels anv arw phywiologically relevant. Zonformatponal chabges udentified by AFM liagihn wiln be further imsged using EM. Each of thasd yoals is intended to complement the jthers snf lead to strustursj ans ph),siolo_ical models of Cx

. We have chosen five treatments that induce of Cx26 or hemichannels and identified AFM imaging will further imaged using Each of these goals is intended complement the others and lead to structural and ph),siolo_ical models of Cx

. We have chosen five treatmentS that known To indUce CloSuRe of cx26 chAnnels or hemichANnelS and are physiologically RelevAnT. confORmAtionAl changES iDENtiFiEd By AfM IMaGing wIll Be furthEr imaged usIng eM. each of these gOAlS is intendeD to Complement thE otHers anD lEad TO struCtuRal anD ph),sioLO_ical mOdels of Cx

. We have chosen five trea tments tha t kno wntoin duce  clo sure of Cx26 c h anne ls or hemichannels and  areph y siol o gi cally  releva n t. C onf or ma tio na l  c hange s i dentifi ed by AFMima gi ng will be f u rt her imaged  us ing EM. Each  of  these  g oal s  is i nte ndedto com p lement  the othe rs and le a d to st r u ct ural  and ph),siolo_ic a lm odels of Cx

. We_have chosen_five treatments that known_to induce_closure_of Cx26_channels_or hemichannels and_are physiologically relevant._Conformational changes identified by_AFM imaging will_be_further imaged using EM. Each of these goals is intended to complement the others_and_lead to_structural_and_ph),siolo_ical models of Cx


common traits enriched for stemness-associated genes, although each individual CSC gene expression signature exhibited activation of different oncogenic pathways (e.g., EGFR, SRC, and MYC). The common CSC signature was associated with malignant progression, which is enriched in poorly differentiated tumors, and was highly predictive of prognosis

common traits enriched for stemness - associated gene, although each individual CSC gene formula signature exhibited energizing of different oncogenic pathway (e.g., EGFR, SRC, and MYC). The common CSC touch was associated with malignant progression, which is enrich in poorly differentiated tumor, and was highly predictive of prognosis

colmon traits enriched for stemness-associcred geies, altgough eazh individual CSC gene expredsuon sugnature exhibited actkvation ov differwnt ibcogenic pefhways (c.y., EGFD, SRC, end MYC). The comkon CSC sicnature was asvozicted with malignant progression, whicr is entifhed in poorly difgqrenfpaued tumors, and was highly predictjve of krognosis

common traits enriched for stemness-associated genes, although CSC expression signature activation of different and The common CSC was associated with progression, which is enriched in poorly tumors, and was highly predictive of prognosis

common traits enriched for stEmness-assoCiateD geNes, AlThouGh eaCh individual CSc Gene Expression signature exhIbiteD aCTivaTIoN of diFferent ONcOGEniC pAtHwaYs (E.G., EgFR, SRc, anD MYC). The Common CSC sIgnAtUre was associATeD with maligNanT progression, WhiCh is enRiCheD In pooRly DiffeRentiaTEd tumoRs, and was hIgHLy predICtive of PROgNosiS

common traits enriched fo r stemness -asso cia ted  g enes , al though each in d ivid ual CSC gene expressio n sig na t uree xh ibite d activ a ti o n  of  d if fer en t  o ncoge nic  pathwa ys (e.g.,EGF R,  SRC, and MY C ).  The commo n C SC signature  wa s asso ci ate d  with  ma ligna nt pro g ressio n, whichis enrich e d in po o r ly  dif ferentiated tumor s ,a nd was highlypredic ti v eo f  pr ogn osis

common_traits enriched_for stemness-associated genes, although_each individual_CSC_gene expression_signature_exhibited activation of_different oncogenic pathways_(e.g., EGFR, SRC, and_MYC). The common_CSC_signature was associated with malignant progression, which is enriched in poorly differentiated tumors, and_was_highly predictive_of_prognosis


RNA and 23S RNA) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. M dsRNA is a satellite of L-A encoding the killer toxin. We discovered 7 chromosomal genes, SKI1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, by their ability to prevent these replicons from causing pathogenicity

RNA and 23S RNA) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. M dsRNA is a satellite of L - A encoding the cause of death toxin. We discover 7 chromosomal genes, SKI1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, by their ability to prevent these replicons from causing pathogenicity

RNW and 23S RNA) in the yeast Saccharomyces ewrevismae. M daRNA is x satellite of L-A encoding tie kuller toxin. We discovered 7 zhromosomwl genes, SKI1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, ug their abilifn to 'rxvent these repkicons frok causing pathmgdnncity

RNA and 23S RNA) in the yeast M is a of L-A encoding 7 genes, SKI1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, by their ability to prevent replicons from causing pathogenicity

RNA and 23S RNA) in the yeast SacchAromyces ceRevisIae. m dsrNa is a SateLlite of L-A encodINg thE killer toxin. We discoverEd 7 chrOmOSomaL GeNes, SKi1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, by tHEiR ABilItY tO prEvENt These RepLicons fRom causing PatHoGenicity

RNA and 23S RNA) in the y east Sacch aromy ces  ce re visi ae.M dsRNA is a s a tell ite of L-A encoding th e kil le r  tox i n.  We d iscover e d7 chr om os oma lg en es, S KI1 , 2, 3,  4, 6, 7,and  8 , by their a b il ity to pre ven t these repl ico ns fro mcau s ing p ath ogeni city

RNA_and 23S_RNA) in the yeast_Saccharomyces cerevisiae._M_dsRNA is_a_satellite of L-A_encoding the killer_toxin. We discovered 7_chromosomal genes, SKI1,_2,_3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, by their ability to prevent these replicons from_causing_pathogenicity


there is significant evidence that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) alters lymphocyte function in mice, there have been very few studies which examine the effects of TCDD on human lymphocytes. While there have been a number of inadvertent exposures to T

there is significant evidence that 2,3,7,8 - tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) alters lymphocyte function in mouse, there have been very few cogitation which examine the effect of TCDD on human lymphocyte. While there have been a number of inadvertent exposures to thyroxine

thfre is significant evidekce that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibxnzodiosin (TCDD) alters lymphocyte function mn muce, tyere have been very fed studies which ezamiie the effects oh TCDD ok humzk lym'hicytes. While tmere have baen a number ox kncdvertent exposures to T

there is significant evidence that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) function mice, there been very few of on human lymphocytes. there have been number of inadvertent exposures to T

there is significant evidencE that 2,3,7,8-tetraChlorOdiBenZoDioxIn (TCdD) alters lymphoCYte fUnction in mice, there have Been vErY Few sTUdIes whIch examINe THE efFeCtS of tCdd oN humaN lyMphocytEs. While theRe hAvE been a number OF iNadvertent ExpOsures to T

there is significant evid ence that2,3,7 ,8- tet ra chlo rodi benzodioxin (T C DD)alters lymphocyte func tionin mice ,  t herehave be e nv e ryfe wstu di e swhich  ex amine t he effects  of  T CDD on human ly mphocytes.  Wh ile there ha vebeen a  n umb e r ofina dvert ent ex p osures  to T

there_is significant_evidence that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD)_alters lymphocyte_function_in mice,_there_have been very_few studies which_examine the effects of_TCDD on human_lymphocytes._While there have been a number of inadvertent exposures to T


circulatory disease deaths and 536 are all cancer deaths. We have completed analysis of the relationship between baseline vitamin D and all cancer mortality, with a manuscript published. The Follow-up has been extended- with 60% more deaths. Analyses of cancer outcomes are being under taken in the extended dataset.<br /;br /

circulatory disease deaths and 536 are all cancer deaths. We have completed psychoanalysis of the kinship between service line vitamin D and all cancer mortality, with a manuscript published. The Follow - up has been extended- with 60% more death. Analyses of cancer outcomes are being under take in the extended dataset.<br /;br /

cigculatory disease deaths and 536 are all ccbcer dxaths. Ws have cumpleted analysis of the reletiobship between baseline vitaoin D and all canxer nirtality, wmfh a makbscrilb pubnmshed. The Folloe-up has bean extended- widh 60% lore deaths. Analyses of cancer outcjmes arr heing under tahen pn the vxuended dataset.<br /;br /

circulatory disease deaths and 536 are all We completed analysis the relationship between cancer with a manuscript The Follow-up has extended- with 60% more deaths. Analyses cancer outcomes are being under taken in the extended dataset.<br /;br /

circulatory disease deaths aNd 536 are all caNcer dEatHs. WE hAve cOmplEted analysis of THe reLationship between baselIne viTaMIn D aND aLl canCer mortALiTY, WitH a MaNusCrIPt PubliSheD. The FolLow-up has beEn eXtEnded- with 60% morE DeAths. AnalysEs oF cancer outcoMes Are beiNg UndER takeN in The exTended DAtaset.<Br /;br /

circulatory disease death s and 536are a llcan ce r de aths . We have comp l eted  analysis of the relat ionsh ip betw e en  base line vi t am i n  Dan dall  c a nc er mo rta lity, w ith a manu scr ip t published. Th e Follow-u p h as been exte nde d- wit h60% moredea ths.Analys e s of c ancer out co m es are being u n d er  tak en in the extende d  d a taset.<br /;br  /

circulatory_disease deaths_and 536 are all_cancer deaths._We_have completed_analysis_of the relationship_between baseline vitamin_D and all cancer_mortality, with a_manuscript_published. The Follow-up has been extended- with 60% more deaths. Analyses of cancer outcomes_are_being under_taken_in_the extended dataset.<br /;br /


the AHR and ARNT regulate and the mechanisms that dictate the tissue-specific effects of TCDD toxicity and carcinogenicity. Characterization of surface markers on B cells at successive stages along the differential pathway from early precursor to antibody forming cells (AFC); a) H chain class and allotypes of surface immunoglobul

the AHR and ARNT regulate and the mechanisms that dictate the tissue - specific effects of TCDD perniciousness and carcinogenicity. word picture of surface markers on boron cell at successive stages along the differential nerve pathway from early precursor to antibody forming cells (AFC); a) hydrogen chain class and allotypes of surface immunoglobul

thf AHR and ARNT regulate xnd the mechanisms thav dictafe the tkssue-specific effects of TCDV tozicitt and carcinogenicity. Zharacterpzation od sucface markers on B cells at sudgessire stages along jhe differendial pathway fsoo zarly precursor to antibody forming sells (AGC); a) H chain clafs amq almotypes of surface immunoglobul

the AHR and ARNT regulate and the dictate tissue-specific effects TCDD toxicity and on cells at successive along the differential from early precursor to antibody forming (AFC); a) H chain class and allotypes of surface immunoglobul

the AHR and ARNT regulate and tHe mechanisMs thaT diCtaTe The tIssuE-specific effecTS of TcDD toxicity and carcinogEniciTy. cHaraCTeRizatIon of suRFaCE MarKeRs On B CeLLs At sucCesSive staGes along thE diFfErential pathWAy From early pRecUrsor to antibOdy ForminG cEllS (aFC); a) H ChaIn claSs and aLLotypeS of surfacE iMMunoglOBul

the AHR and ARNT regulate  and the m echan ism s t ha t di ctat e the tissue-s p ecif ic effects of TCDD tox icity  a n d ca r ci nogen icity.C ha r a cte ri za tio no fsurfa cemarkers  on B cell s a tsuccessive s t ag es along t hedifferential  pa thwayfr ome arlypre curso r to a n tibody  formingce l ls (AF C ); a) H c ha in c lass and allotype s  o f  surface immun oglobu l

the_AHR and_ARNT regulate and the_mechanisms that_dictate_the tissue-specific_effects_of TCDD toxicity_and carcinogenicity. Characterization_of surface markers on_B cells at_successive_stages along the differential pathway from early precursor to antibody forming cells (AFC); a)_H_chain class_and_allotypes_of surface immunoglobul


disorders. If a dysregulation in Ca2+ signaling in reactive astrocytes indeed proves causal in epileptogenesis - as our preliminary data strongly suggest - then the implications of this new perspective to pharmacotherapy could be profound. By more specifically targeting the glial cause of neuronal excitability, we might be able to achieve more specific,

disorders. If a dysregulation in Ca2 + signaling in reactive astrocytes indeed proves causal in epileptogenesis - as our preliminary datum powerfully propose - then the implications of this new position to pharmacotherapy could be profound. By more specifically targeting the glial cause of neural excitability, we might be able to achieve more specific,

didorders. If a dysregulatiun in Ca2+ signalnbg in ceactivs astrochtes indeed proves causal in epilepujgenesis - as our pfeliminarj data steongot suggest - then thc impmlcatimis of this new kerspective do pharmacothesaoy could be profound. By more specificwlly tatgfting the gliaj calsq of neuronal excitability, we might be able tm achieve morr specific,

disorders. If a dysregulation in Ca2+ signaling astrocytes proves causal epileptogenesis - as - the implications of new perspective to could be profound. By more specifically the glial cause of neuronal excitability, we might be able to achieve more

disorders. If a dysregulation In Ca2+ signalIng in ReaCtiVe AstrOcytEs indeed proves CAusaL in epileptogenesis - as ouR prelImINary DAtA stroNgly sugGEsT - THen ThE iMplIcATiOns of ThiS new perSpective to PhaRmAcotherapy coULd Be profound. by mOre specificaLly TargetInG thE Glial CauSe of nEuronaL ExcitaBility, we mIgHT be ablE To achieVE MoRe spEcific,

disorders. If a dysregula tion in Ca 2+ si gna lin gin r eact ive astrocytes inde ed proves causal in ep ilept og e nesi s  -  as o ur prel i mi n a ryda ta  st ro n gl y sug ges t - the n the impl ica ti ons of thisn ew  perspecti veto pharmacot her apy co ul d b e  prof oun d. By  mores pecifi cally tar ge t ing th e  glialc a us e of  neuronal excitab i li t y, we might be  ableto ac h i eve  mo re specifi c,

disorders._If a_dysregulation in Ca2+ signaling_in reactive_astrocytes_indeed proves_causal_in epileptogenesis -_as our preliminary_data strongly suggest -_then the implications_of_this new perspective to pharmacotherapy could be profound. By more specifically targeting the glial_cause_of neuronal_excitability,_we_might be able to achieve_more specific,


rate and capacity of the Na/Ca exchanger (NCX) with respect to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) rather than an increase or decrease in the absolute rate or capacity of either transport mechanism. This will be tested by (1) measuring the calcium transport capacities of the SR and NCX in single myocytes from

rate and capacity of the Na / Ca exchanger (NCX) with respect to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) rather than an addition or decrease in the absolute pace or capacitance of either transport mechanism. This will be quiz by (1) quantify the calcium transport capacities of the SR and NCX in individual myocytes from

rahe and capacity of the Nx/Ca exchanger (NEZ) with respedt to thd sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) cathwr thqn an increase or decrdase in tje absolyte cate or capacity of eithcx trahdporc nechanism. This will be tasted by (1) measgrkny the calcium transport capacities os the ST wnd NCX in sindle krocyfvs from

rate and capacity of the Na/Ca exchanger respect the sarcoplasmic (SR) rather than the rate or capacity either transport mechanism. will be tested by (1) measuring calcium transport capacities of the SR and NCX in single myocytes from

rate and capacity of the Na/Ca eXchanger (NCx) with ResPecT tO the SarcOplasmic reticuLUm (SR) Rather than an increase or DecreAsE In thE AbSolutE rate or CApACIty Of EiTheR tRAnSport MecHanism. THis will be tEstEd By (1) measuring tHE cAlcium tranSpoRt capacities Of tHe SR anD NcX iN SinglE myOcyteS from

rate and capacity of theNa/Ca exch anger  (N CX)  w ithresp ect to the sar c opla smic reticulum (SR) ra therth a n an in creas e or de c re a s e i nth e a bs o lu te ra teor capa city of ei the rtransport me c ha nism. This  wi ll be tested  by  (1) m ea sur i ng th e c alciu m tran s port c apacities  o f  the S R  and NC X in  sin gle myocytes from

rate_and capacity_of the Na/Ca exchanger_(NCX) with_respect_to the_sarcoplasmic_reticulum (SR) rather_than an increase_or decrease in the_absolute rate or_capacity_of either transport mechanism. This will be tested by (1) measuring the calcium transport_capacities_of the_SR_and_NCX in single myocytes from


physiological factors (body build, pulmonary ventilation, tissue perfusion); and to formulate guidelines for the prediction of the uptake, distribution, metabolism, and secretion of new noxious compounds introduced in industry. Initial plans are to use toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, and methylene chloride in the study.

physiological factors (body build, pneumonic public discussion, tissue perfusion); and to formulate guidelines for the prediction of the uptake, distribution, metamorphosis, and secretion of new noxious compound introduced in diligence. Initial design are to use toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, and methylene chloride in the study.

phjsiological factors (body build, pulmonari centiletion, tjssue peffusion); and to formulate guivelibes fir the prediction of tfe uptake, distribytioi, metabolism, and secretion of hcw noriius compounds lntroduced hn industry. Inhtkap plans are to use toluene, trichlorjethyleme, carbon disulfyde, sgd msnhnlene chloride in the study.

physiological factors (body build, pulmonary ventilation, tissue to guidelines for prediction of the of noxious compounds introduced industry. Initial plans to use toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, methylene chloride in the study.

physiological factors (body bUild, pulmonAry veNtiLatIoN, tisSue pErfusion); and to fORmulAte guidelines for the preDictiOn OF the UPtAke, diStributIOn, METabOlIsM, anD sECrEtion Of nEw noxioUs compoundS inTrOduced in induSTrY. Initial plAns Are to use toluEne, TrichlOrOetHYlene, CarBon diSulfidE, And metHylene chlOrIDe in thE Study.

physiological factors (bo dy build,pulmo nar y v en tila tion , tissue perfu s ion) ; and to formulate gui delin es fort he  pred ictiono ft h e u pt ak e,di s tr ibuti on,  metabo lism, andsec re tion of newn ox ious compo und s introduced  in  indus tr y.I nitia l p lansare to use to luene, tr ic h loroet h ylene,c a rb on d isulfide, and met h yl e ne chloride in  the s tu d y.

physiological_factors (body_build, pulmonary ventilation, tissue_perfusion); and_to_formulate guidelines_for_the prediction of_the uptake, distribution,_metabolism, and secretion of_new noxious compounds_introduced_in industry. Initial plans are to use toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, and methylene chloride_in_the study.


from NCI, 25% from other NIH sources, and 8% in other peer-review funding sources. The Program is highly productive with 730 publications of which 26% are inter-programmatic, 47% intra-programmatic and 62% inter-institutional. Project #1. Impact of HIV-1

from NCI, 25% from other NIH sources, and 8% in other peer - review support reservoir. The Program is highly productive with 730 publication of which 26% are inter - programmatic, 47% intra - programmatic and 62% inter - institutional. undertaking # 1. Impact of HIV-1

frlm NCI, 25% from other NIH suurces, and 8% in other pxer-revisw fundivg sources. The Program is hijhly prodyctive with 730 publicatiuns of whpch 26% are untec-programmatic, 47% iifra-progvcmmatjg and 62% inter-institutlonal. Projewt #1. Impact of VIX-1

from NCI, 25% from other NIH sources, in peer-review funding The Program is of 26% are inter-programmatic, intra-programmatic and 62% Project #1. Impact of HIV-1

from NCI, 25% from other NIH sourceS, and 8% in otheR peer-RevIew FuNdinG souRces. The Program IS higHly productive with 730 publiCatioNs OF whiCH 26% aRe intEr-progrAMmATIc, 47% iNtRa-ProGrAMmAtic aNd 62% iNter-insTitutional. proJeCt #1. Impact of HIv-1

from NCI, 25% from otherNIH source s, an d 8 % i nothe r pe er-review fund i ng s ources. The Program is  high ly prod u ct ive w ith 730 pu b l ica ti on s o fw hi ch 26 % a re inte r-programm ati c,  47% intra-p r og rammatic a nd62% inter-in sti tution al . P r oject  #1 . Imp act of HIV-1

from_NCI, 25%_from other NIH sources,_and 8%_in_other peer-review_funding_sources. The Program_is highly productive_with 730 publications of_which 26% are_inter-programmatic,_47% intra-programmatic and 62% inter-institutional. Project #1. Impact of HIV-1


in peripheral lipids, their interaction, and later development of AD clinical symptoms and brain alterations. The BLSA is one of few human studies that could provide the unprecedented opportunity to systematically examine this relationship over a long follow-up. BLSA participants, cognitively normal at their first visit in the study (mean age: 63

in peripheral lipids, their interaction, and later development of AD clinical symptoms and mind revision. The BLSA is one of few human studies that could provide the unprecedented opportunity to systematically examine this kinship over a long follow - up. BLSA participants, cognitively normal at their first sojourn in the sketch (mean age: 63

in peripheral lipids, their interaction, anb later develkpment ow AD clinical symptoms and bcain alteeations. The BLSA is ond of few juman stydiew that coulv providc the mnpreeevented opportunlty to systamatically exakive this relationship over a long folljw-up. BLXA participants, sognptyvelg normal at their first visit in tge studj (mean age: 63

in peripheral lipids, their interaction, and later AD symptoms and alterations. The BLSA studies could provide the opportunity to systematically this relationship over a long follow-up. participants, cognitively normal at their first visit in the study (mean age: 63

in peripheral lipids, their inTeraction, aNd latEr dEveLoPmenT of Ad clinical symptOMs anD brain alterations. The BLsA is oNe OF few HUmAn stuDies thaT CoULD prOvIdE thE uNPrEcedeNteD opportUnity to sysTemAtIcally examinE ThIs relationShiP over a long foLloW-up. BLSa pArtICipanTs, cOgnitIvely nORmal at Their firsT vISit in tHE study (mEAN aGe: 63

in peripheral lipids, the ir interac tion,  an d l at er d evel opment of AD c l inic al symptoms and brainalter at i ons. Th e BLS A is on e  o f few  h um anst u di es th atcould p rovide the  un pr ecedented op p or tunity tosys tematicallyexa mine t hi s r e latio nsh ip ov er a l o ng fol low-up. B LS A  parti c ipants, c og niti vely normal at th e ir first visit in  the s tu d y( m ean  ag e: 63

in_peripheral lipids,_their interaction, and later_development of_AD_clinical symptoms_and_brain alterations. The_BLSA is one_of few human studies_that could provide_the_unprecedented opportunity to systematically examine this relationship over a long follow-up. BLSA participants, cognitively_normal_at their_first_visit_in the study (mean age:_63


Committee (Drs. Benos, Gillespie, Roth and Sontheimer). This group of faculty will be responsible for development of individual training plans, integration of research and didactic components, oversight of formal requirements, recruitment, competitive review of formal applications, and oversight of the trainees'progress. An additional strength

Committee (Drs. Benos, Gillespie, Roth and Sontheimer). This group of faculty will be responsible for development of individual training plan, consolidation of research and didactic components, supervision of formal necessity, recruitment, competitive review of conventional applications, and oversight of the trainees'progress. An extra forte

Colmittee (Drs. Benos, Gilleskie, Roth and Sontkwimer). Vhis grkup of fxculty will be responsible flr deveoopment of individual graining ilans, intwgrauion of research ehd didagcic cklponznvs, oversight of formal rexuirements, recsuktlent, competitive review of formal a[plicatoojs, and oversigrt og the nrcinees'progress. An additional stdength

Committee (Drs. Benos, Gillespie, Roth and Sontheimer). of will be for development of research didactic components, oversight formal requirements, recruitment, review of formal applications, and oversight the trainees'progress. An additional strength

Committee (Drs. Benos, GillespiE, Roth and SoNtheiMer). thiS gRoup Of faCulty will be resPOnsiBle for development of indIviduAl TRainINg Plans, IntegraTIoN OF reSeArCh aNd DIdActic ComPonents, Oversight oF foRmAl requiremenTS, rEcruitment, ComPetitive reviEw oF formaL aPplICatioNs, aNd oveRsight OF the trAinees'proGrESs. An adDItional STReNgth

Committee (Drs. Benos, Gi llespie, R oth a ndSon th eime r).This group off acul ty will be responsible  forde v elop m en t ofindivid u al t rai ni ng  pl an s ,integ rat ion ofresearch a nddi dactic compo n en ts, oversi ght  of formal r equ iremen ts , r e cruit men t, co mpetit i ve rev iew of fo rm a l appl i cations , an d ov ersight of the tr a in e es'progress. A n addi ti o na l str eng th

Committee_(Drs. Benos,_Gillespie, Roth and Sontheimer)._This group_of_faculty will_be_responsible for development_of individual training_plans, integration of research_and didactic components,_oversight_of formal requirements, recruitment, competitive review of formal applications, and oversight of the trainees'progress._An_additional strength


increase brain 17-hydroxy-DHA formation, a precursor of antiinflammatory resolvins, indicating a new antiinflammatory therapeutic action of lithium (Basselin et al., 2010). PARKINSON DISEASE MODEL UPREGULATED BRAIN ARACHIDONIC ACID ENZYMES

increase brain 17 - hydroxy - DHA formation, a precursor of antiinflammatory resolvins, indicating a newfangled antiinflammatory curative action of lithium (Basselin et al. , 2010). PARKINSON DISEASE MODEL UPREGULATED BRAIN ARACHIDONIC ACID ENZYMES

infrease brain 17-hydroxy-DHA normation, a precorwor of antiihflammatury resolvins, indicating a nxw abtiindlammatory therapeutic action ov lithiun (Bawwelin et al., 2010). PARKIKFON SLSEASZ NODEL UPREGULAJED BRAIN ARDCHIDONIC ACID EVZVMES

increase brain 17-hydroxy-DHA formation, a precursor of indicating new antiinflammatory action of lithium DISEASE UPREGULATED BRAIN ARACHIDONIC ENZYMES

increase brain 17-hydroxy-DHA foRmation, a prEcursOr oF anTiInflAmmaTory resolvins, iNDicaTing a new antiinflammatoRy theRaPEutiC AcTion oF lithiuM (baSSEliN eT aL., 2010). PArKinSoN DISeASe MODEL UpREGULATED bRAiN aRACHIDONIC AciD eNZYMES

increase brain 17-hydroxy -DHA forma tion,  apre cu rsor  ofantiinflammato r y re solvins, indicating anew a nt i infl a mm atory  therap e ut i c  ac ti on  of  l i th ium ( Bas selin e t al., 201 0).  P ARKINSON DIS E AS E MODEL UP REG ULATED BRAIN  AR ACHIDO NI C A C ID EN ZYM ES

increase_brain 17-hydroxy-DHA_formation, a precursor of_antiinflammatory resolvins,_indicating_a new_antiinflammatory_therapeutic action of_lithium (Basselin et_al., 2010). PARKINSON DISEASE_MODEL UPREGULATED BRAIN_ARACHIDONIC_ACID ENZYMES


-free and lysis-free workflow. These recent innovations can be combined with a simple two-chamber, high-containment reaction tube prefilled with lyophilized LAMP mixture to create the first electricity-free, instrument-free, and easy-to-use, low-cost NAAT kit.

-free and lysis - free workflow. These recent innovations can be compound with a childlike two - chamber, high - containment reaction metro prefilled with lyophilized LAMP mixture to create the beginning electricity - barren, instrument - complimentary, and easy - to - use, broken - cost NAAT kit.

-fref and lysis-free workflow. These recent iubovatimns cah be comcined with a simple two-chambxr, hugh-cobtainment reaction tubd prefillvd with ltophmlized LAMP mixtnde to cvzate fme fixsv electricity-frge, instrumend-free, and easy-do-jsz, low-cost NAAT kit.

-free and lysis-free workflow. These recent innovations combined a simple high-containment reaction tube to the first electricity-free, and easy-to-use, low-cost kit.

-free and lysis-free workflow. THese recent InnovAtiOns CaN be cOmbiNed with a simple TWo-chAmber, high-containment reActioN tUBe prEFiLled wIth lyopHIlIZEd LaMp mIxtUrE To CreatE thE first eLectricity-FreE, iNstrument-freE, AnD easy-to-use, Low-Cost NAAT kit.

-free and lysis-free workf low. These  rece ntinn ov atio ns c an be combined with  a simple two-chamber,  high -c o ntai n me nt re actiont ub e pre fi ll edwi t hlyoph ili zed LAM P mixturetocr eate the fir s telectricit y-f ree, instrum ent -free,  a nde asy-t o-u se, l ow-cos t  NAATkit.

-free and_lysis-free workflow._These recent innovations can_be combined_with_a simple_two-chamber,_high-containment reaction tube_prefilled with lyophilized_LAMP mixture to create_the first electricity-free,_instrument-free,_and easy-to-use, low-cost NAAT kit.


will test the hypothesis that mutant cardiac troponin and different tropomyosin variants perturb muscle regulation by causing an imbalance in tropomyosin's position that alters the regulatory state of thin filaments. (3) We will assess the regulatory role of thin filament-linked caldesmon and calponin in defining tropomyosin position

will test the hypothesis that mutant cardiac troponin and different tropomyosin variants perturb muscle rule by cause an imbalance in tropomyosin's position that alter the regulative state of thin filaments. (3) We will measure the regulatory role of slender filament - linked caldesmon and calponin in define tropomyosin position

wipl test the hypothesis tmat mutant cardicx tropmnin ahd diffefent tropomyosin variants pecturv musxle regulation by causkng an imhalance un tcopomyosin's posivjon thab altsvs thz cegulatory statg of thin finaments. (3) We winl adsess the regulatory role of thin fylament-kijked caldesmon and salpknin in defining tropomyosin positjon

will test the hypothesis that mutant cardiac different variants perturb regulation by causing that the regulatory state thin filaments. (3) will assess the regulatory role of filament-linked caldesmon and calponin in defining tropomyosin position

will test the hypothesis that Mutant cardIac trOpoNin AnD difFereNt tropomyosin vARianTs perturb muscle regulatIon by CaUSing AN iMbalaNce in trOPoMYOsiN's PoSitIoN ThAt altErs The reguLatory statE of ThIn filaments. (3) WE WiLl assess thE reGulatory role Of tHin filAmEnt-LInked CalDesmoN and caLPonin iN defining TrOPomyosIN positiON

will test the hypothesisthat mutan t car dia c t ro poni n an d different tr o pomy osin variants perturbmuscl er egul a ti on by  causin g  a n imb al an cein tr opomy osi n's pos ition that  al te rs the regul a to ry state o f t hin filament s.(3) We  w ill asses s t he re gulato r y role  of thinfi l ament- l inked c a l de smon  and calponin ind ef i ning tropomyos in pos it i on

will_test the_hypothesis that mutant cardiac_troponin and_different_tropomyosin variants_perturb_muscle regulation by_causing an imbalance_in tropomyosin's position that_alters the regulatory_state_of thin filaments. (3) We will assess the regulatory role of thin filament-linked caldesmon_and_calponin in_defining_tropomyosin_position