Прислушайтесь к своему телу. Высыпайтесь. Хорошо питайтесь. Овладейте контролем над своими мыслями. Сделайте первым самое неприятное задание.

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The fact of the matter is that we all have high-energy periods of the day and super low-energy bouts, too. When are yours? If possible, study during your high-energy time. You'll be able to focus better and retain the knowledge you're inputting into your brain. Any other time will just be an uphill battle. For some people, this will be bright and early in the morning when they still have plenty of energy for the day. For others, they get their juices running at night, after powering up for a while. Whichever is yours, listen to your body and study during that time. The benefits of sleep are practically innumerable. Not only are your hormones regulated and information synthesized, but it helps you fire on all pistons the next day, too. In fact, trying to focus while overly tired is physically similar to trying to focus while drunk. If you can't concentrate, this could be why. Most people need between 7-9 hours of sleep a night. Some a little more, some a little less. How many hours do you like to sleep, when you don't have to set an alarm? Try to get that every night by going to bed a bit earlier than usual, as required. You are what you eat after all, and if you eat healthy, your mind will be healthy, too. Aim to eat your favourite colourful fruits and veggies, whole grains, lean meats and dairy, nuts (not greasy fries/chips and fattening candy), and good fats, like the ones in dark chocolate and olive oil. A healthy diet will keep you more energized and make it easier to put your mind to the test. Avoid white foods like white bread, potatoes, flour, grease and sugar. They're just "dead" foods and sugary drinks that cause you to crash in class and at study time. You are your motivation when it comes down to it. If you convince yourself you can focus, you can. Grab your mind by the horns are start thinking positive: you can do this and you will. There's nothing stopping you but you. Try the "5 More" rule. Tell yourself to do only five more things or five more minutes before quitting. Once you've finished...


Прислушайтесь к своим чувствам. Слушайте внимательно. Представьте, что ваш собеседник - это вы. Не бойтесь почувствовать дискомфорт. Покажите человеку, что вам не все равно. Используйте эмпатию для помощи другим людям.

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. To feel emotions along with someone else, you've got to be able to feel them in yourself. Are you tuned in to your feelings? Do you notice when you're feeling happy, sad, angry or afraid? Do you let these feelings rise to the surface, and do you express them? If you tend to tamp down your emotions instead of allowing them to be part of your life, work on letting yourself feel a bit more deeply.  It's pretty common to push aside negative feelings. For example, it's more fun to distract yourself with TV or go to the bar than it is to sit down and think about something upsetting that happened. But pushing feelings aside creates a disconnect, a lack of familiarity. When you can't express your own sadness, how can you expect to feel someone else's? Take time every day to let your emotions surface. Instead of hurriedly blocking out negative feelings, think them through. Be angry and afraid, and deal with the feelings in a healthy way, like by  crying, or writing your thoughts down, or discussing how you feel with a friend. . Hear what the person is saying, and notice the inflection in their voice. Observe all the little clues that belie a way that someone is feeling. Maybe her lip is trembling and her eyes are glistening. Maybe it's more subtle - she's looking down a lot, or she seems vacant. Put yourself aside and absorb the person's story.  Set aside judgement while you listen. If you find yourself remembering a disagreement you had, or feeling critical about the person's choices, or feeling anything that takes you out of the moment, struggle to reorient yourself into listening mode. Have you ever read a moving story that was so engaging, you forgot yourself? For a few minutes there, you became that character, and you knew exactly how it would feel to see your father for the first time in 10 years or lose your love to someone else. Feeling empathy in a person isn't so different. When you're listening to someone and really trying to understand, a moment will come when you start feeling what the other person is...


Прислушайтесь к смеху. Ловите взгляды. Замечайте, когда кто-то вас внимательно слушает. Обращайте внимание на прикосновения. Оцените попытки человека быть рядом с вами. Попробуйте подражать.

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People—especially women—tend to laugh more when they are attracted to someone. This doesn't mean that your crush wants to jump your bones just because she laughed at your joke – but you might notice when it's happening a lot. Make a point of looking over at this person at spontaneous moments. If you catch him/her often staring at you, or even simply stealing glances – there is a good chance that he/she is interested. Both men and women tend to stare intensely for 2-3 seconds at people to whom they're attracted, then lower their eyes and quickly look away.  This person may be trying to subtly flirt with you: looking over frequently in the hopes of catching your eye. Two can play at this game! If your eyes meet, you can react in two ways: look away quickly, to play the coy role, or smile warmly to acknowledge the person. If someone cocks his or her head to the side, it usually means that he/she is interested in what you have to say. Note that this does not necessarily mean that the person is attracted to you. Attention and attraction do, however, often come hand in hand – and if a person is already listening, you might have a better chance of wooing them with your words. Subtle (or not-so-subtle) physical contact is a classic way of showing attraction. See if he/she seems to find excuses to brush your hand or your shoulder, or even just to get close to you. Perhaps he likes to jokingly tickle you; perhaps she hugs you for just a little bit longer than her other friends. If someone seems to be touching you a lot, there's a good chance that he/she is attracted to you. Try touching back. If you like the way that it feels—if it feels electric, real, and right—don't be afraid to reciprocate. This can be a great way to signal that you are attracted, too. Even if the person isn't actually touching you, you might notice him/her trying to spend time with you. Perhaps he volunteers to work an event with you, or to be your lab partner; perhaps she shows up at every show that your band plays; perhaps he messages you online...


Прислушайтесь к совету врача, если он порекомендует операцию. Вылечите печень (лекарства или дренаж иглой-канюлей), если в этом есть необходимость. Пусть ваш врач осмотрит ваш кишечник. Остерегайтесь повторного заражения.

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Times when surgery would be needed include any of the following:  uncontrollable and debilitating bowel symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and/or constipation excessive bleeding from your digestive tract spread of the infection to other areas of your body. Since the liver is the most common extra-intestinal organ to be infected, it sometimes needs special treatment.   Small liver infections can often be treated with medication alone. In more severe cases, however, your doctor will likely use a needle (with ultrasound guidance) to remove the infection from your liver. Sometimes, severe bowel symptoms (bowel inflammation and/or consistent diarrhea or constipation) are unable to be treated with medications alone. In more serious cases, a portion of damaged colon may need to be surgically removed.  If your colon has been "broken open" (the medical word for this is "perforated"), this will also require surgical repair. Follow the advice of your doctor as to when surgery is needed. " As your body's immune system is busy fighting off the parasite that has led to amebiasis, other bacteria may have the chance to infect you simultaneously. In cases such as these, your doctor may give you more powerful antibiotic treatment to eliminate any additional infections that have occurred at the same time.


Прислушайтесь к тиканью. Обратите внимание на движение секундной стрелки. Увеличительная линза. Ослабьте заводную головку и покрутите стрелки назад, чтобы изменить дату на вчерашнюю. Подозрительная легкость. Прозрачная задняя панель. Неметаллические детали. Проверьте водонепроницаемость часов. Если другие способы не помогли, есть еще один.

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On standard watches, the motion of the second hand is jerky and truncated because the majority of them are quartz watches. The second hand shifts abruptly from each second position to the next. If you listen carefully, you can usually hear a quiet "tick, tick, tick" from this motion. On the other hand, Rolexes (and many other fine watches) have second hands that move almost perfectly smoothly because they have automatic movements not quartz. Because of this, Rolex does not make a "ticking" noise. If you hear a slow ticking noise coming from your watch, this is a dead giveaway that you're not wearing a real Rolex. The noise you hear should be much faster than a battery operated watch. As noted above, Rolexes have second hands that smoothly sweep across the face of the watch, rather than jerking from one position to the next. Look at your watch's second hand carefully — does it turn smoothly, tracing the path of a perfect circle around the edge of the watch's face? Or does it appear to speed up, slow down, or jerk as it turns? If the second hand's motion is anything less than silky smooth, you may have an imitation on your hands. In fact, if you look extremely closely, a real Rolex's second hand motion isn't perfectly smooth. Many models actually move at a speed of about 8 tiny movements per second. Some models even have slower speeds. To the naked eye, however, this motion is usually undetectable, so the second hand looks like it's moving smoothly. Many (but not all) Rolex watches have a small dial or window that displays the date. Usually, this is on the right side of the watch face (near the "three o'clock" position). To make this dial easier to read, some Rolexes include a small magnification lens (sometimes called a "cyclops") in the glass over the dial. This part is difficult to counterfeit, so many fake Rolexes will have something that appears to be a magnification panel, but, on close inspection, is actually only ordinary glass. If the magnification panel over the date dial doesn't actually seem to make...


Прислушайтесь к тону голоса. Обратите внимание на выражение лица. Подумайте, не говорит ли человек правду. Подумайте, нет ли во фразе гиперболы. Отметьте для себя некоторые фразы, которые зачастую являются саркастичными. Знайте о региональном распространении сарказма. Поймите определенные условия, которые могут влиять на восприятие сарказма.

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A sarcastic tone is easier to recognize when you know a person well, as it involves a subtle alteration in the person’s typical speaking voice. If the person wants to make sure his sarcasm is recognized, these qualities may be exaggerated. While a sarcastic tone doesn’t have qualities that are easily described, it is generally recognized by these qualities:  The speaker’s voice will be pitched lower than usual for his typical speaking voice. The sarcastic words may be elongated, emphasized, or drawn out. For instance, “Yeah, it’s a GREAT day for a picnic.” Sometimes people will mutter sarcastic comments slightly under their breath. And if they do, ignore it. If the person that is using sarcasm mutters something, it could mean they are aware that it might hurt someone's feelings but it would bother them if they didn't say it, so they simply mumbled it. Most of the time it isn't something you should push further. You may notice a slight sigh following the sarcastic remark. Someone making a sarcastic comment will often convey their feelings through facial expressions that contradict his statement. For example, someone may grimace as they’re making a statement that would be positive, if intended truthfully. For example, if he/she scowls as he/she says what a fine day it is for a picnic, there’s a good chance he/she's being sarcastic, since most people enjoy fine days and picnics.  Other facial expressions that often accompany sarcasm include eye rolls, raised eyebrows, or shrugged shoulders. Sometimes people employing sarcasm have seemingly no facial expression at all; that is, they have a “flat” affect, and are speaking in a “deadpan” tone. People who use sarcasm often may not know how to respond to a situation, so they respond sarcastically. Sarcasm could be when someone says something untrue without intending to deceive anyone. A sarcastic remark implies the opposite of what’s being said.  For example, when someone says, “Great weather for a picnic,” on a day that’s clearly not ideal for a picnic, he/she's...


Прислушайтесь к тону ее голоса. Обращайте внимание на группы жестов. Следите за языком ее тела, когда она смеется. Не торопитесь с предположениями. Обращайте внимание на сигналы, которые говорят, что она не заинтересована в вас.

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If she is romantically interested in you, her voice will probably get lower, not higher, and it will sound huskier and more breathy. Researchers theorize that there is a cultural stereotype that women who are interested in a man speak in a way that is more low and seductive. There has been a misconception that women who are romantically interested in a man will make the tone of their voices higher and sweeter. However, if she is trying to send you signals that she likes you, she is probably talking in a deeper and huskier tone. A group of gestures together could show that she feels connected to you. For example, if she is smiling, she has her head titled to the side, and she is holding or touching her face at the same time, this could indicate possible romantic interest in you.  If she is extroverted, she may be more expressive with her gestures and more likely to make these kinds displays with people whom she simply feels connected to. Although laughter itself is not an indicator of romantic interest, what happens when she laughs could be. When men are interested in someone they tend to take up more space and lean forward toward that person while they are laughing. When women are interested, they will position their bodies so that their positive physical traits are being highlighted while they are laughing. Women will sit up straighter or take on postures that make them more attractive or seductive. If you are interested in her, your interest in her could hurt your ability to read her signals correctly. Anticipating signals of attraction from her will make your perceptions more unreliable, so take your time and do not jump to conclusions too quickly.   Take the span of a whole night or a few dates to gauge her feelings for you.  When you are observing her try to be objective, and look at the situation how a person with an outside perspective might see it. Look at how she is acting with other people to check to see if you are assuming too much. For example, if she seems to be giving other people lots of eye...


Прислушайтесь к тону ее речи, когда она говорит с вами. Заметьте, желает ли она потратить большую часть своего времени с вами и часто ли звонит вам. Подумайте о том, спрашивает ли она, как прошел ваш день, когда она видит вас. Обращайте внимание на знаки, уважает ли она ваше мнение и ваше решение. Обратите внимание, следит ли она за вами или спрашивает вас постоянно, где вы. Подумайте, довольна ли ваша подруга вами.

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Compare how she talks to you with how she talks to others. If your partner uses a sweet, caring, and compassionate tone when talking to you, it’s likely she considers you a special person in her life and cares deeply about you. Investing time in a relationship is a major indicator of long term commitment, especially if your partner is trying to balance other commitments like school, work, or family. Someone who truly cares about you will use whatever available time they have to spend some alone time together. Love triggers the release of serotonin in your brain, and it is believed that high levels of serotonin can cause you to think constantly about a partner. So the more your partner calls you or talks to you, the more they are thinking about you, which is a (chemical) indication of their feelings of love for you. While this may seem like a small gesture, it will show she is interested in even the minor details of your life. These check ins will also keep the lines of communication between you open and build a practical, supportive element to your relationship. Perhaps you have opposing political views or different ways of making the best risotto. Regardless of these differences, she should still open to listening to your perspective and treat your views with respect and interest.  If your partner truly cares about you, they should be willing to hear your opinions and ideas, and engage in a civil, respectful discussion about subjects you may not agree on. She should also be comfortable with including you in decisions, from mundane things like where you should eat dinner to high-stake questions like whether she should accept a new position at work. Though she may not always take your advice, she should still be interested in hearing what you have to say and take it into consideration. Partners who truly care will give you the benefit of the doubt and will not snoop around on your cellphone or check your credit card bills to determine where you’ve been or who you’ve been with as they will be committed to...


Прислушайтесь к шестому чувству. Прислушивайтесь к обонянию. Задействуйте глаза. Обращайте внимание на свои физические реакции.

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It’s not just a metaphor – we really do some of our “thinking” with our guts. Your “gut brain” may let you know that you’re stressed or excited before your mind does by giving you a stomach ache, a feeling of butterflies in your stomach, or that distinctive sinking feeling that you get when you hear bad news. If your stomach hurts or feels uncomfortable when you’re dealing with or even thinking about particular situations or people, this is may be your body telling you that they are a source of stress for you. Be aware of these signals, and take a break or avoid the triggering situation or person if possible. You may not always be aware of it, but your sense of smell can be a powerful survival tool. Your nose can tell you if something is unsafe to eat, and can even help you evaluate another person’s emotional or physical state. Boost your sense of smell by exercising regularly and avoiding pollutants that damage your sense of smell, like cigarette smoke. When you enter an unfamiliar situation, take a quick look around. Even if you aren’t consciously aware of everything you’re seeing, your eyes may pick up on important visual cues that can contribute to intuitive responses. For example, you may subconsciously pick up on subtle changes in another person’s facial expressions or body language beyond what is immediately obvious. If something seems amiss or alarming about a person or situation, it might be because your eyes noticed something that your mind didn’t. Dangerous or uncomfortable situations may trigger a physical stress response. In addition to an upset stomach, you might feel your palms sweating and your heart racing. In some cases, our bodies pick up on the signs that something is amiss before our brains do. Listen to what your body is telling you: these stress reactions are a signal to the conscious mind to be on guard.


Прислушайтесь к щенку. Наблюдайте за тем, что щенок делает своей пастью. Научитесь интерпретировать перекатывание на спину. Изучите информацию об имитации полового поведения у собак. Выясните, по каким причинам щенок обычно прекращает играть.

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Understanding your puppy’s body language will help you communicate with him, and thus love him more. Interpreting his vocalizations is one way to understand his body language. His whines and howls could indicate separation anxiety, especially during his first few days at your home.  Your puppy may make a "grrr" sound during such competitive games as wrestling or tug of war. This low, throaty sound is commonly a sign of playfulness in puppies. Puppy owners may mistake a "grrr" as an aggressive growl and punish the puppy, even though he was just showing his playful side. Your puppy may show you her teeth — this may be either submissive or aggressive. If this is a submissive action, your puppy will horizontally retract her lips and form wrinkles at the corners of her mouth. An aggressive showing of teeth is usually accompanied by a snarl and a display of the front canines. If your puppy yawns, it may be because she is bored or sleepy. However, her yawn could also let you know that she is anxious or upset. The context of the situation in which she yawns will help you decipher her yawning. When your puppy rolls onto his back, he is signaling that he is either relaxed or scared and submissive. If he is feeling relaxed, his body will be loose: mouth open, rear legs flopped to one side, and tail wagging slowly. If he is feeling scared or submissive, he may be holding his head off the ground with his mouth closed. A tucked tail and one front and rear leg raised in the air are also signs that he is feeling scared or submissive. It can be embarrassing if your puppy mounts someone or another dog. However, your puppy’s intentions are likely harmless when he does this. For example, your puppy may mount another dog during play to announce that he is the winner of the game.  Your puppy’s mounting of a person usually indicates that he is feeling playful or is excited about something.  Rather than punishing your puppy for mounting, try to divert his attention to more desirable play behavior, like playing fetch. As much as your...


Прислушивайтесь к неискренним комплиментам. Обратите внимание, избегает ли человек ваших вопросов. Обратитесь к близкому другу и спросите, не слышал ли он какие-нибудь слухи. Обратите внимание, как человек отзывается о других.

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Pay attention to how the person you suspect of talking behind your back speaks to your face. Someone who talks about you behind your back is often angry or upset with you. These emotions can come through in how they interact with you, such as thinly veiled jabs or backhanded compliments.  Even if the someone negates their nasty comments with a, “just kidding,” it may be that they are having trouble hiding their anger. An example of a backhanded compliment might be, “Congrats on getting in. I hear that’s great…for a state school.” Someone who talks about you behind your back may not want to be honest with you about their feelings. Asking the person a question or two can help you determine if they’re hiding something from you. If the person is reluctant to answer or seems as though they are lying, that may mean they have been airing their grievances elsewhere. If you suspect someone is unhappy with your performance on a group project, for example, you might ask, “Are you mad about the project?” If they avoid you or say they don’t want to talk, it’s possible they’ve been talking to others about their feelings. Go to a friend you know you can trust and ask them if someone has been talking about you behind your back. Assure them that you will not implicate them if you confront the person who has been doing it. Let them know that you simply want to understand what you may have done to deserve this treatment because it’s hurting your feelings.  You might say, “I think Lisa is talking about me behind my back. Have you heard any rumors? I wouldn’t ever tell her you told me, but I’m confused about why she’s mad at me.” It’s vital not to violate the trust of your friend who sheds any light on the talking behind your back. They are potentially exposing themselves to rumors and the anger of others by confiding in you. Someone who gossips to you about other people behind their backs also likely talks about you behind your back. If you have many friends like this, it may help to distance yourself from them if you don’t want...


Прислушивайтесь к ответам внутри. Определите, чего вы не хотите. Практикуйте оптимистическое мышление. Рискуйте. Учитесь иногда говорить “нет”.

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Too many of us ignore the soft inner calling of our intuition which loves and adores us. It reminds us to just relax and trust. You see, there is often a much louder voice which booms through our minds and tell us to get to action. It prevents us from trusting ourselves, and instead lures us in to looking to the material and superficial world for all that we seek. Practice making the distinction between the harsh, critical voice that pushes you, and the soft, nurturing voice which loves and supports you. Then, make a conscious choice about which one you are going to listen to. You cannot fully reach your potential unless you know what that is. Oftentimes in life, our goals change, and, occasionally, we may feel lost and have no idea what we're working towards. Knowing what you don't want, however, pushes you into the direction you should be moving and allows you to set clear boundaries. Science reveals that optimistic people tend to live longer and enjoy greater physical and mental health than those who think pessimistically. Seeing the glass as half-full means smiling often, refraining from comparing yourself to others in a competitive way, and finding the silver lining in most situations. One research-backed way to become more optimistic is to do the best possible future self exercise. In this exercise, you will write expressively about your future self for 20 minutes.“Think about your life in the future. Imagine that everything has gone as well as it possibly could. You have worked hard and succeeded at accomplishing all of your life goals. Think of this as the realization of all of your life dreams. Now, write about what you imagined.” Complete the exercise three days in a row. Have you been nervous up until now to put yourself out there for fear of failure? Learn to be courageous and take advantage of more opportunities that come your way. Successful people don't get that way by playing it safe all the time. Read situations and people to determine which opportunities are worth your time, then, bunker...


Прислушивайтесь к своей собаке. Научитесь разбираться в лае. Научитесь понимать рычание. Разберитесь, почему собаки скулят. Научитесь узнавать разные типы подвываний и скулений.

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to your dog. Barks, growls, yelps, and howls all carry their own unique language indicators that can take time to learn but are also an important part of understanding your dog's overall behavior. Many people think a bark is a bark is a bark. As you begin to really listen you will hear very distinct differences in the types of vocalizations. Note that a lack of barking or other dog noises can indicate a predatory state, aimed at not alerting the prey. This may also be accompanied by sniffing the air, keeping low, remaining rigid, ears flicking forward and backward to catch sounds, mouth closed and eyes wide open. Equally, no noise can indicate a submissive dog seeking approval. Dogs bark for different reasons, and observation and listening can help you learn to differentiate your dog's distinctive barks in different situations.  A loud, high pitched, rapid bark can be either aggressive or territorial.  A short, frequent guttural alert bark is aimed at warning the pack (wolf or human) of potential danger. It may be accompanied by snarling or growling.  A crisp, short bark is usually a form of greeting from your dog. A high-pitched bark is often delivered when your dog is being playful. A short, high bark is a sign of friendliness, and may be accompanied by whimpering or yapping.  A sudden high-pitched, sharp yelp may be an indication that your dog is in pain. A low-pitched, single or spaced out bark is another warning to back off. Growling in a strange dog can be somewhat frightening, but not every growl is aggressive.  Your dog may growl as part of play or as an alternative form of verbal communication to barking. You should use caution, however, with any dog growls because even a playing dog that has become too boisterous and carried away in play may still snap at a human who intervenes or gets too close.  A low, quiet growl indicates that the subject of the growl needs to back off. It is a sign of assertiveness in a dominant dog.  A low growl ending with short bark is the sound made when your dog is...


Прислушивайтесь к своему организму. Сделайте так, чтобы в своей домашней уборной вы могли расслабиться. Расслабьтесь, сидя на унитазе.

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You should always try to listen to your body and respond to it. That means don't delay when you need to go, and don't try to hold it in. You may be constipated because you have been withholding when you need to go. In this case, faeces can condense, making the stool harder to pass.  People who are traveling or experiencing a change in routine can become constipated. Add in yogurt or prunes and try to stay near a toilet. Ask for an aisle seat on a plane or stop frequently on a road trip. Having an environment where you can relax can help you poop more easily and not rush or force it. Close the door and make sure your family knows it is not okay to enter if the door is shut. Don't let people pressure you or make a fuss of it. Never get stressed out as this may slow the process down. Try placing your feet on a low stool when you are using the toilet. This can elevate your knees above your hips, and potentially make passing stools easier. Try to relax when you are sat on the toilet, and breathe steadily. Don't hold your breath and don't take a deep breath in at the start. One toilet technique is to imagine that your back passage is an elevator. Gently try to push down to the ground floor, and then the basement, until it is down as far as it can go.  Relax for a second, but do not let the elevator rise back up. Widen your waist and push back and down. Don't strain yourself, but try to maintain the pressure.


Прислушивайтесь к своим клиентам. Следите за тем, чтобы ваша работа в социальных сетях была нацелена на определенную группу людей. Будьте последовательны в своих действиях в интернете. Займитесь оптимизацией поисковых запросов.

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One of the best ways to foster a network of customer support online is by listening to what your customers say. Read the feedback that your customers give you and take it to heart. This can mean the difference between a returning customer and a former customer who will tell friends and family not to support you.  Respond positively to all feedback, even negative comments. Reply gracefully to bad reviews by saying something like, "We're very sorry you had a negative experience. Please consider trying us again, and if you mention this post I will personally ensure that you have a better experience with us." Thank customers for their reviews and input. If multiple customers are saying the same things, you will need to consider implementing those changes, if possible and feasible. Make sure you like and comment on any customer posts to your social media page. You can also search for people who "checked in" at your business, and like or add to favorites any photographs or updates they shared about your business. As much as you may want to appeal to every single person who views your social media page, that may simply not be possible. If that is the case, you may need to decide whether to keep a generalized social media presence, or one that specifically appeals to your target audience.  Never willfully alienate anyone, whether they are a customer or not. However, do recognize that not every single person in your town will find your business appealing. Remember that if you run a specialized business (for example, a vegan bakery), you may simply be unable to tap into some potential customers (like those who do not like vegan food). If you tend to have a niche audience, you can share posts that will appeal to them. As with the previous example, you might share posts about the benefits and the personal appeal of living a vegan lifestyle. You may be hoping that a social media presence will instantly boost your business overnight, and that does occasionally happen. However, overnight success is generally the exception...


Прислушивайтесь к себе. Проверяйте факты. Ведите дневник. Используйте положительный внутренний диалог. Находите время для занятий, которые вам по душе. Следите за физическим здоровьем.

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This might be the hardest thing you will have to do to recover from gaslighting, but it is also one of the most important. When you are gaslighted you begin to ignore your inner voice and tune your intuition out.  Start with small things. For example, listen to yourself about whether you are hungry or tired or not. Say to yourself, “I can trust myself to know when I need to rest. It’s small, but it is trusting myself.” Don’t feel as though you need to rush to make a decision or give that power to someone else. Tell yourself, “I can take my time and see how I feel about my options before I make a decision.” Tell yourself, “I can trust myself and listen to my own judgment” when you start to doubt yourself. One of the effects of gaslighting is that, over time, you begin to doubt yourself and you also doubt others. Even when someone else tells you something, when you are being gaslighted you reach the point where you only trust what your partner is telling you. When you are recovering from gaslighting you can rebuild your trust in other people by verifying the truth of what people tell you.  Try to re-establish trust with one or two people close to you first. Pick people that you know have always been there for you and who support you. For example, you might turn to a family member. Use these people as fact checkers. For example, if your sister tells you that you look nice, you can ask your mom if your sister is telling the truth or not. You can recover from gaslighting by writing it down when you have an experience that rebuilds your trust in yourself and in other people. Keeping a journal of trust-building experiences can help you see that you do have good judgment and that you can put your faith in other people.  Write it down when you make a decision and it turns out to be the right choice. For instance, you might write it down if you decided to bring your umbrella on a sunny day that turned into a major rain. Make a journal entry when other people do things that re-affirm your trust in them. For example, if...


Прислушивайтесь к словам «хватит» или «не надо». Замечайте «самостимуляцию». Попробуйте сесть рядом. Не нарушайте личное пространство. Побуждайте ребенка рисовать. Часто говорите комплименты. Разговаривайте. Анализируйте действия человека.

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” Autistic people are easily overwhelmed with sensory information. They're not trying to be rude. They're trying their best to be comfortable in the world.  Talk with your parents about using “break cards” with your siblings. A break card is simply a card that says something like “I need a break.” Especially helpful for non-verbal children, the card provides another way for your sibling to communicate that they need to get away from someone or from an activity that is stressing them out. If you decide to use a break card, be sure to talk through how it will be used. Will your sibling point to it, or carry it with them? When will the break end, and what will happen during the break? Physically, autistic people engage in self-stimulating behavior (often called “stimming”). These behaviors (such as flapping hands, rocking, twirling, or repeatedly playing with the same objects) calm them down, make them feel good, and help them feel balanced.  Most of these stimming behaviors are safe but will seem unnerving to people who do not understand the connection the behaviors have to the autistic child's life. Don't let stimming worry you. If your autistic sibling is stimming, treat it like a natural behavior, and continue doing whatever you were doing. Alert a parent if your sibling is doing self-injurious stims, so they can ask a therapist about finding a better stim for relieving stress. Not every autistic child prefers close physical proximity, but some do, especially while your parents are teaching them about personal space. For kids (especially non-verbal ones) who like standing or sitting close, the proximity can help them focus or calm, so instead of sitting across from them, try to sit next to them when you talk with them. Not every autistic child prefers close physical proximity, and most will enjoy having space to themselves. Sometimes your sibling just won't want to play with you or hang out next to you. Be patient with their mood changes. Many autistic people, especially non-verbal people, are highly visual...


Присматривайте весной за пчелиной маткой! Не избавляйтесь от пчелиного гнезда на своем участке. Помогите пчелам с пропитанием. Скашивайте сорняки или вырывайте их с корнями.

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If you find a large honeybee on the ground during the spring, when the weather is just starting to have warmer days, it may be a queen honeybee!  If she stopped hibernating too early, she may have gotten caught by colder weather than she expected.  Feel free to bring her inside to warm her up and feed her. However, you should plan to release her in a day or so – her nest’s survival likely depends on her return. It is usually only the queen honeybee that survives the winter.  She carries the responsibility of establishing a new colony the following year. Unless someone you live with is allergic to bee stings, or the hive is dangerously close to somewhere you need to go frequently, let it be.  The hive will only be there for one season, and it’s value as a pollinator is increasingly significant in the context of declining bee populations. In fact, most individual honeybees only live for a few weeks. More directly, choose plants for your garden that bees love. Large scale agriculture has increased honeybees’ dependence on cultivated crops, so providing uncultivated foraging areas is increasingly important. In particular, plant sweet clover, Dutch clover, alfalfa, purple vetch, birdsfoot trefoil, and partridge pea on your land.  Allow trees and bushes such as linden, black locust, honey locust, Russian olive, wild plums, elderberries, red maples, willows, butterfly bushes, and honeysuckle to blossom as well. Contact your local natural resource management office for information about what you can plant to help the honeybees in your area. While you may need to apply an herbicide or pesticide to target another type of pest, mowing or tilling the weeds the weeds in your yard first will decrease the likelihood that you end up killing bees when you apply a pesticide. This is especially important if the weeds are blooming. In particular, mow fields with lots of milkweed, smartweed, and dandelion before applying any chemicals.  Otherwise, these plants will likely be covered in bees!


Присматривайте за детьми. Выполняйте работы во дворе. Убирайте в доме. Выполняйте поручения пожилых людей. Выгуливайте собак. Станьте репетитором. Рекламируйте свои услуги.

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One of the best ways for teenagers to make money without spending anything and help out in the community is babysitting. If you’re responsible and you like children, consider giving it a try!  Ask family friends who have young children if they need any help with childcare and start developing a client base.  You can start by getting CPR certified and taking some basic first aid classes in order to make your new employers feel more confident leaving their kids with you.  Community centers, hospitals, and local Red Cross chapters often offer these courses for free or at discounted rates.  If you don’t have any prior experience taking care of children and your new clients are nervous about this deficiency, ask them if you could have a probation period. The first few times you babysit, you can do so when a parent is home and available to supervise. Many people are too busy for basic yard maintenance, but they don’t want their homes to look unkempt or neglected.  These people are often more than willing to pay someone to mow the lawn, rake leaves, or trim hedges, especially if they can hire a neighborhood teen or family friend.  Start by asking your friends and family if they need help, and, if you don’t get enough business, post some signs around the neighborhood offering your services.  In the winter, you can shovel driveways and sidewalks for people in your neighborhood. You can also consider teaming up with friends or family members to do numerous landscaping and maintenance tasks. You’ll have to split the proceeds, but you’ll also get done more quickly. Since you're a part of the family, you should already be pitching in to the keep the household in shape, but you can ask your parents if you can take on additional responsibilities for a reasonable fee. After all, chances are that your parents already have a lot of daily tasks and worries, so they would appreciate the help. You can negotiate your compensation by asking for half of what a professional cleaner would charge. You could also do other people's...


Присматривайте за собакой в процессе родов. Убедитесь в том, что собака вычищает и вылизывает щенят сразу после появления на свет. Проследите за тем, чтобы собака приступила к кормлению щенят. Пересчитайте щенков. Не убирайте плаценту сразу. Обеспечьте комфортно теплую температуру в гнезде. Покажите собаку со щенками ветеринару. Держите других собак подальше от матери со щенками. Не купайте собаку сразу же после родов.

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If it doesn’t make her anxious to have your presence, watch your dog while she is laboring. You don’t need to hover. Expect her to be uncomfortable during contractions, just like a woman would be.  This is part of the process. In many cases, puppies are born in the middle of the night when you are sleeping. Make it a habit to check on your dog as soon as you wake up as she approaches her due date. The mother dog should clean her puppies right after they are born. Give her a minute or two to take the sac off the puppy and start licking and cleaning the puppy. If your dog is taking longer than that, you can step in and get the sack off and vigorously rub the puppy to dry and stimulate breathing. If necessary, you can carefully tie off the umbilical cord about an inch from the puppy and cut it with clean scissors. Puppies should start nursing within 1-3 hours after birth. You may need to place the puppy in front of a nipple and gently squeeze a little milk out for the puppy to get the idea.  If the puppy absolutely will not nurse, or your dog won’t let the puppy nurse, there may be something wrong with the puppy, like a cleft palate.  Open the puppy’s mouth and look at the roof of the mouth.  It should be a solid surface without any holes into the sinuses. Consult your veterinarian if there are any concerns. You may need to tube feed or bottle feed the puppy with puppy formula if they are not able to nurse and are otherwise healthy. After the puppies are born, count them so you know exactly how many there are. This will help you keep tabs on the pups. The mother dog may want to eat the placentas, which is not harmful. She is getting back all the nutrients she put into her pregnancy. Don’t feel compelled to remove them immediately.  If she does not eat them, dispose of them in the trash.  In some cases, eating the placentas may cause vomiting later. Remember that every puppy will have its own placenta. Puppies do not regulate their body temperature well and need to be kept warm. For the first few days after...


Присматривайтесь к возможным признакам обезвоживания. Отдохните, если чувствуете тепловое истощение. Остерегайтесь опасных животных. Обходите стороной колючие растения.

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Many people make their journey much harder by underestimating their water needs. Trying to ration your supply is a mistake that can cost your life. If you notice any of the following symptoms, drink more water:  Urine with a dark color or a noticeable smell. Dry skin Dizziness Fainting If you feel lightheaded or nauseous, or if your skin feels cool and clammy, seek shade immediately. Rest and treat yourself as follows:  Remove or loosen your clothing Sip a sports drink or slightly salty water (about 5 mL salt per liter water / 1 tsp per quart). Apply wet cloth on your skin to aid cooling evaporation. Warning: if untreated, this can progress to heatstroke. This causes muscle cramps, red skin that no longer sweats, and eventually organ damage or death. Most mammals and reptiles will stay away from you, especially if they are alone. Follow the same practice and be aware of your surroundings to avoid accidentally cornering something. If possible, research the wildlife of the local region beforehand so you know how to respond to specific species.  Do not reach into small spaces or under rocks without poking it with a stick first. Scorpions, spiders, or snakes could be hiding there. In areas with killer bees, be alert and stay away from hives. Although it's not hard not to touch a cactus, you may not know that some of them scatter spiky burrs on the ground to spread their seeds. Although usually not a high priority, it's a good idea to steer clear of the area. In the worst-case scenario, you could cut yourself and get an infection.


Присмотритесь к возможным признакам необычных выделений из влагалища или пениса. Обратите внимание на затрудненное или болезненное мочеиспускание. Присмотритесь к нерегулярным вагинальным кровотечениям. Обратите внимание на открытые ранки в области гениталий.

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Trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia all produce genital discharges. While vaginal discharge is typical and healthy, if you notice it taking on an atypical color or smell, it may be a sign of a bacterial STI. If you notice discharge from your penis at times when you are neither urinating nor ejaculating, this could be a sign of a bacterial STI.  Likewise, be concerned about any vaginal discharge that is green or yellow in color. STIs can also be signaled by vaginal discharge that is atypically white or thick.  Pay attention to any foul-smelling or unusual vaginal odors. This may be a symptom of trichomoniasis. Other symptoms include difficulty urinating or pain during intercourse. This may be accompanied by pelvic pain and fever in women or discharge and a burning sensation in men. These can be symptoms of chlamydia or another STI. If you notice bloody discharge during a time of the month when you’re not on your period, this could be a sign of an STI. Chlamydia and gonorrhea in particular can produce irregular bleeding. Bacterial infections can also produce an uncommonly heavy flow during your period. Chlamydia is difficult to diagnose, however, since early infections produce few symptoms. Symptoms do not typically begin to show until as late as three weeks after infection. Painful round lesions may be a sign of herpes, which may last for 2-3 weeks. A painless open sore, called a chancre, on the infected area (typically the genitals) may be a sign of syphilis or chancroid. These sores usually emerge between 10 and 90 days after infection.  Other symptoms of Herpes include fevers, chills, general discomfort (called malaise), and extreme trouble with urination. If left untreated, symptoms of syphilis will worsen: multiple larger sores, fatigue, vomiting, and fever accompanied by a rash. Syphilis progresses along four stages of severity: primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary. The STI is relatively simple to treat in the primary or secondary stages. If you notice any signs of this STI, talk to your doctor...


Присмотритесь к выражению лица собеседника. Научитесь распознавать искреннюю улыбку. Научитесь различать печаль и радость. Научитесь распознавать гнев и недовольство. Научитесь распознавать страх и удивление.

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How we feel inside is expressed in our eyes and on our faces. Learning to recognize the association between facial expressions and certain types of emotion goes a long way in being able to read emotion. Don’t be fooled! People can manipulate their facial expressions to appear to look happy when they are angry or sad – actors do this convincingly all the time. Look for other cues as to how they really feel. Note her body language or tone of voice. Make eye contact – open, penetrating “cold” eyes suggests a different emotional state than a “warm” smile. A genuine smile uses more muscles than one that is faked or forced. The corners of her mouth and cheeks should be raised. If the muscles around her eyes also tighten and “crow’s feet” form (clusters of wrinkles around the outer corners of eyes), then it is a good indicator of a genuine smile. This might seem obvious, but people try to control or cover-up their true emotions by smiling when they are sad. Genuine and spontaneous emotions are hard to fake. Sadness is associated with frowning (lowering the corners of the mouth). It is also associated with raising the inner corners of the eyebrows (near the noise). Additional cues are loose, drooping eyelids that cover part of the eye. Anger and disgust are often associated with one another and create similar facial expressions. We wrinkle our noses when we are disgusted, angry, or annoyed.  Anger and resentment can be towards someone or about something. When we are angry, we pull our eyebrows down, purse our lips (tighten them and suck-in the margins), and bulge our eyes. In contrast to anger, expressing dislike, disgust, or disdain for someone or something is associated with a raised upper lip and loose lower lip. We also pull our eyebrows down, but not as much as when we are angry. While fear is a negative and surprise is considered a positive emotion, both activate the sympathetic nervous system and trigger a “fight or flight” response. When something unexpected happens, whether it is good or bad, it stimulates a...


Присмотритесь к глазам попугая. Обратите внимание на повисание птицы вниз головой. Посмотрите на движения клюва и головы.

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While human pupils dilate and constrict in response to light or darkness, a parakeet's pupils can change in size as a physical reaction to the bird's mood and environment. Flashing (the widening of the pupils) and pinning (the narrowing of the pupils) are controlled by the bird, and typically indicate excitement or pleasure, though these behaviors can also be an indication of fear or anxiety. If your parakeet's eyes flash and pin when he sees you, it is most likely an indication that he likes you and values your company. Hanging upside down is a common practice for birds. It is typically done when birds are happy and feel safe, as the position tends to leave the bird vulnerable. If your bird hangs upside down in your presence, it may be a sign that he likes you and trusts you. Parakeets use their beaks for a variety of purposes, from physical tasks to conveying messages. If your bird is performing any of the following activities, it is typically a sign of happiness and comfort around you.  Grinding the beak, left to right in the same way that people grind their teeth, is a sign of happiness in parakeets.  Mouthing with the beak, without actually biting, is one way parakeets play with one another. If your bird is gently mouthing you with his beak, without actually trying to bite you, it is probably a sign of affection.  Regurgitating in front of or "at" a person is a sign of tremendous affection. This is particularly true if your parakeet displays signs of eye pinning and head bobbing immediately before regurgitating.


Присмотритесь к легким симптомам, которые напоминают грипп. Обратите внимание на высокую температуру. Отметьте ригидность шеи. Обратите внимание на психические и поведенческие изменения. Присмотритесь к неврологическому поражению. Будьте готовы к припадкам.

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Most people who have Japanese encephalitis have either no symptoms or mild, short-lived symptoms that are flu-like in presentation — mild-to-moderate fever, fatigue, headache and sometimes vomiting. As such, it's very difficult to identify most cases of Japanese encephalitis because it either causes no symptoms or mimics most other mild infections.  It's estimated that less than 1% of people infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) develop noticeable symptoms.  In people who do develop symptoms, the incubation period (time from initial infection until signs of illness) is typically between five to 15 days. Although most JEV infections produce mild or no symptoms, about 1 in 250 cases result in severe illness, which often starts with a severe fever. A severe fever is a defense mechanism by your body to slow down or stop the production of invading viruses (or bacteria), but when they get much beyond 103 °F (39.4 °C) in adults or 101 °F (38.3 °C) in children, there is a risk of brain damage. The high fever and increased inflammation in the brain caused by JEV trigger other serious and life-threatening symptoms.  Once significant symptoms develop with Japanese encephalitis, usually in children with weakened immune systems, the chances of dying are about 30%.  Mild cases of Japanese encephalitis can increase your temperature by a couple of degrees, but severe cases spike it by five or more degrees. Like other types of infections that affect the brain and/or spinal cord (such as meningitis), a stiff neck can develop with Japanese encephalitis The neck suddenly feels stiff and is difficult to move in all directions, but it generates especially sharp, shooting or electric-like pain with neck flexion (trying to touch your chin to your chest).  When the spinal cord gets inflamed, the muscles closest to the spine get very tight in efforts to protect it, which is called guarding or splinting. As such, the neck muscles will be hard to the touch and feel like they are spasming. Medication, massage or...


Присмотритесь к нарушению правильной формы и искривлению. Определите тип боли. Присмотритесь, не ухудшаются ли симптомы за несколько дней, после того как вы получили травму. Врач назначит рентгеновское исследование.

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A wrist fracture can be caused by similar types of accidents and trauma that cause wrist sprains. In general, the larger and stronger bones are, the less likely they are to break in response to trauma — instead, the ligaments will stretch and tear. But when they do, they often create a misaligned or crooked appearance. The eight carpal bones of the wrist are small, so a misaligned or crooked wrist may be difficult (or impossible) to notice, especially with hairline fractures, but more serious breaks are easier to tell.  The most commonly broken long bone within the wrist area is the radius, which is a forearm bone that attaches to the small carpal bones.  The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the scaphoid bone, which is unlikely to cause a noticeable wrist deformity.  When a bone penetrates the skin and becomes visible, this is known as an open or compound fracture. Pain from a wrist fracture also depends upon severity, but it's usually described as very sharp with movement, and deep and achy without movement. The severe pain of wrist fractures tends to increase during gripping or squeezing of the hand, which is not often the case with wrist sprains. Wrist fractures usually cause more symptoms in the hand, such as stiffness, numbness or inability to move the fingers, in comparison to wrist sprains because there is a greater chance of nerve injury/damage with fractures. Furthermore, there can be a grinding or crunching sound when moving a fractured wrist, which doesn't occur with wrist sprains.  Pain from a wrist fracture is often (but not always) preceded by a "cracking" sound or feeling. In contrast, only Grade 3 sprains can produce a sound or similar sensations, and that's sometimes a "popping" sound as the ligament ruptures. As a general guideline, wrist pain from a fracture will get worse at night, whereas pain from a wrist sprain will plateau and not flare-up in the night if the wrist is immobilized. As noted above, a day or two of rest and cold therapy can make a big different in a mild-to-moderate...


Присмотритесь к невербальным признакам. Обратите внимание на движения тела и позу собеседника. Присмотритесь к признакам поведения “бей или беги”. Спросите своего собеседника, что он чувствует.

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In addition to facial expression and tone of voice, humans express emotion in other ways. While nonverbal cues can be misleading, learning to pick up on them can help you read emotion. Important nonverbal cues that convey emotion are body movements, posture, and eye contact. Make an effort to notice whether she appears animated and moving around or is stiff and tense. Also, does she stand up straight and make eye contact, or hunch her shoulders, fidget with her hands or, cross her arms.  Moving around and standing up straight shows she feels open and comfortable. However, too much movement (e.g. energetic arm waving) combined with a loud voice could mean she is excited or angry. Hunched shoulders, a quiet voice, and crossed arms are signs she feels uncomfortable or nervous. If she refuses to make eye contact with you, it could mean she is upset or feels guilty.  Keep in mind that culture, social situations, and individual personalities influence how we express emotion through body language. In this sense, facial expressions are considered more universal and reliable. For example, Italians tend to move their arms when they speak, but this could be considered impolite in Japan. Or, making eye contact is a sign of respect in the United States and Europe, but is considered rude or aggressive in some Asian and African cultures. Focusing on the entire body in addition to the face is the best way to read and interpret emotions. Posture and body movements not only reflects emotion, but also  the intensity of an emotion. There are degrees of positive and negative emotion. For example, positive emotions range from interested (low) to elated (high), and negative from sadness (low) to violent anger (high).  Shoulders and torso: hunching the shoulders and leaning forward is associated with intense anger. In contrast, leaning backwards can be a sign of panic or fear. If she stands up straight with her shoulders back and head held high, this is a sign she feel confident. However, if she hunches their shoulders or slumps...


Присмотритесь к общим симптомам. В случае серьезных симптомов немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью. Помогите пострадавшему выбраться из воды в безопасное место. Остановите кровотечение. Если медицинская помощь задерживается, вытяните шип самостоятельно при помощи пинцета.

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Stingray injuries can be accompanied by symptoms (some mild, some serious) such as those listed below:  There is a puncture wound. The hole from the stinger (barb) can be quite large and may have a jagged appearance. The stingray rarely leaves the barb behind, but on rare occasions it may break off in the wound. The victim experiences immediate and severe pain radiating from the puncture site. The wounded area swells significantly. The puncture site bleeds. Skin color around the wound initially appears blue, then changes to red. The victim sweats abnormally. The victim becomes faint, weak, or dizzy. The victim develops a headache. The victim experiences nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. The victim experiences shortness of breath. The victim has a seizure or experiences muscle cramping or paralysis. The following are strong indications that medical assistance is immediately required:  The injury is located in the victim's abdomen, chest, neck, or face. The victim bleeds profusely. The victim experiences difficulty breathing, itching, nausea, tightness in the throat, rapid pulse, dizziness, or loss of consciousness. Lay the victim down on the ground if the incident occurs near shore, or on the floor or seat of a boat if the incident occurs in open water with a vessel nearby.  Getting out of the water quickly and safely is essential to prevent further injury. If the victim is vomiting, turn him on his side to prevent choking. This is best done by applying pressure to the puncture site with a clean cloth or towel.   If no clean cloth or towel is available, a shirt or other piece of clothing can be used. Only apply as much pressure as is needed to stop or significantly slow the loss of blood. If the victim is conscious, ask her whether the pressure is tolerable or if it is causing significantly more pain. If the stingray barb is still present in the wound, removing it will stop additional toxins from being released into the wound. However,  the barb is serrated and will slice the skin as it is extracted, which...


Присмотритесь к оперению птенца. Понаблюдайте за поведением птенца. Посадите неоперившегося птенца назад в гнездо. Посадите слетка на ветку.

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A baby bird is classified as either a nestling or fledgling, depending on its age. A nestling is a very young baby bird that doesn't have much feathering. A fledgling is older than a nestling and has more feathers, but does not yet know how to use his wing feathers to fly.  Nestlings should not be out of their nests since they are unable to fly or grip a perch.  Nestlings are altricial, meaning they are completely dependent on their parents and must stay in the nest. Songbirds and perching birds are born as altricial chicks.  Fledglings tend to look a little scruffy overall. If the baby bird is a fledgling, it will probably be prancing or scurrying about on the ground, since it hasn't learned how to use its muscles and feathers to fly. Chances are that the fledgling fell out of its nest—fledglings can become impatient with getting out the nest, but end up falling out rather than gracefully flying out. Although nestlings cannot move around on the ground, they will stretch their mouths wide open to ask for food, and will even chirp if you don't give them any! Before trying to identify the species of the baby bird, you should move it out of harm's way, especially if it is a nestling. If you can locate the nest from which the nestling fell, gently pick the nestling up (bare hands or with a towel) and place it back in the nest. If you cannot find the nest, you can make one.  To make your own nest, line a shoebox or woven basket with hay or dry leaves. Place the makeshift nest off the ground with the baby bird inside of it and wait for about an hour for the parents to return.  If the parents do not return, you will need to start making plans to take the baby bird to a wildlife rehabilitation center. It is only a myth that handling a baby bird will cause it to be rejected by its parents. If the nestling feels cold to the touch, warm it in your hands before returning it to the nest (or your makeshift nest). A parent returning to the nest may push out a cold nestling to prevent the other eggs or nestlings from...


Присмотритесь к признакам бактериального цветения. Проверьте фильтры. Приспособьте аквариум к дополнительным рыбкам. Старайтесь не перекармливать рыбок. С осторожностью добавляйте в аквариум декорации. Контролируйте рост водорослей.

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After changes to your fish tank, such as a large water change, a thorough cleaning, or medicating your fish, a bacteria bloom can occur. If this describes what led to the cloudiness in your tank, then be patient. The bacteria will balance out in a few days, and the water should clear on its own. If your filters are not working properly, then the water can become cloudy. There is bacteria in your filtration system that consumes byproducts like ammonia and keeps things clean. If the filters stop working, the bacteria can build up in the water, making it look cloudy. If you had recently added new fish to your aquarium, make sure the tank set up can handle the additional fish. For example, if you just added a larger fish to a tank that had smaller fish, it might be too much for the filtration system. Add a different filtration system, or lessen the amount of fish in your tank. Overfeeding your fish can cause cloudiness in the water. Fish need to be fed sparingly. Feed them an amount of food once a day the size of their eye, and give them one or two fast days a week. Sometimes, cloudiness can be caused by decorations. Make sure to wash all decorations carefully before adding them to the tank. Check all decorations in your tank to make sure they are designed for aquariums and purchased at good pet stores. Check for melting or misshapen decorations, softening or loosening decorations, or flaking paint or discolorations on decorations. Toxic blue-green algae clings to the sides of the tanks and sometimes to the decorative items in the tank. A good time to scrape algae from the sides is right before you change the water. Use a soft plastic squeegee or a clean toothbrush to gently scrape the side, then rinse under water to clean before taking another swipe. Remove all the ornaments and scrub in the old tank water to prevent shock in your fish.  Make sure your tank doesn’t get too much light because that can cause algae growth. Don’t place your tank close to a window and only keep tank lights on for 8 to 10 hours a day....


Присмотритесь к признакам зуда и раздражения кожи. Осмотрите кожу животного. Обратите внимание на проплешины в шерсти собаки. Наблюдайте за пораженными областями в течение нескольких дней. Присмотритесь к развитию воспалительных процессов.

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These are often the first symptoms of ringworm. Above all, these symptoms certainly provide a good indication that you need to inspect the dog more closely. If you suspect your dog has a skin infection, you must begin by inspecting all areas that you suspect are affected.  Part the dog's fur so you can see the skin clearly. Focus your attention on any areas that the dog was itching, as well as on commonly infected regions, such as the head, ears, and forelegs. To reduce the risk of spreading the possible infection, you also need to wash your hands after handling any animal you suspect has ringworm. This can commonly occur on the head, ears, paws, and forearms. Are these patches circular? Do they have an bright red rim? If the answer to these two questions is yes, then the likelihood of ringworm increases. If you see areas that appear to be infected or irritated keep an eye on them. You may be unsure if ringworm is the culprit immediately, so continue to observe the situation and see how the dog's condition develops.  It can be wise to isolate the dog whilst you make up your mind. Keep him or her away from other pets and in one room with minimal soft furnishings. This will allow you to more easily vacuum the room and reduce the risk of contamination. If it turns out the dog does have ringworm, then restricting his access to other pets makes a big difference to reducing the spread and risk of infection to others. Be on the lookout for anything resembling insect bights or a more generalized rash that does not develop a circular shape. These would be indications of an alternative diagnosis--such as an allergic reaction--that would require a very different course of treatment. Ringworm infections are often the result of weakened immune systems, while generalized rashes can be caused in part by over-active immune systems. If the lesions become bigger and more inflamed while maintaining a circular shape, it is likely to be ringworm. You will need to get your pet checked out by a vet and obtain anti-fungal medication...


Присмотритесь к признакам сильного зуда. Присмотритесь к потере волосяного покрова. Определите степень потери волосяного покрова и облысения. Осмотрите лапы собаки в поисках следов опухлости и раздражения. Проверьте, нет ли у вас или ваших домочадцев красной сыпи, раздражающей кожу. Имейте в виду, что признаки чесотки могут указывать на другие, иногда довольно серьезные болезни.

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Sarcoptic mange usually causes frantic itching. The dog may relentlessly scratch or chew at its skin to relieve the itch. The dog's skin, irritated from the constant scratching and biting, can easily become infected. The itching can even be so severe that it distracts the dog from necessary behavior like eating, drinking, and resting. Severe cases of sarcoptic mange that result in secondary infections from bacteria or yeast can cause a white, crusty surface to form on the dog's irritated skin, though this does not occur in all cases. In addition, dogs with severe secondary infections will also often suffer weight loss, run a fever, and/or have enlarged lymph nodes. Localized demodectic mange, the least serious variety, usually results in one or two "thin" or bald patches in the dog's hair. Usually, this small patch will not appear inflamed or irritated and will not cause serious itching. If a case of localized demodectic mange does not go away on its own, it may eventually spread to the rest of the dog's body, resulting in generalized mange. The dog will develop numerous thin or bald patches over its body. Existing patches may grow to about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter. The skin in the patches may become red, scaly, and/or crusty. This skin irritation can cause the dog to scratch at its skin, which can sometimes lead to more serious infections. These secondary infections will lead to similar symptoms as those in sarcoptic mange cases — fever, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, etc. Some select cases of demodectic mange cause a condition called demodectic pododermatitis. This occurs when the mites that cause mange become deeply embedded in the dog's feet, where they are very difficult to remove. This condition most often presents itself in the form of swollen, irritated feet. It is usually worst around the nailbeds and often accompanied by a secondary infection. One of the ways to detect a case of mange on your dog is to find mite bites on yourself. When the type of mites that cause sarcoptic mange come into...


Присмотритесь к признакам того, что кошка испугана. Имейте в виду, что настроение кошки может перемениться в любой момент. Присмотритесь к признакам того, что кошке нравятся ваши ласки. Помните о том, что когда кошка трется о вас, это не всегда означает ее готовность к ласкам.

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You don't want to increase the anxiety in a cat that is already stressed out. If a cat has its hair raised or is hissing at you, it's a good sign that the cat doesn't want to interact with you. At that point you can do one of two things, either walk away and let the cat have its space or you can try to win it over by offering a treat to it at a distance. You should not, however, try to win it over by forcing physical affection. This will only discourage trust and may result in the cat scratching or biting you.  Remember that a cat will rely on the instinct of fight or flight when it feels at risk. Whether it runs from you or fights you, it is doing it out of fear. You can also look at a cat's tail to judge its comfort level. A tail that is swishing may signal that the cat is fearful, while a  straight up tail is more likely to signal that the cat is relaxed and comfortable with you. Stop petting the cat at any sign of displeasure. A cat will usually warn you that it is getting overstimulated by a soft bite or growl. If the cat you are petting does this, immediately quit petting it and give it some room. Purring is the clearest signal that your cat enjoys how you are petting it. The cats body should be relaxed and it may be pressing into your hand for more pressure if it really likes the petting. Your cat may also direct your petting toward where it wants to be scratched. This is a good sign that it likes what's going on, the cat just wants it to happen in another location. A cat may even be purring and then decide that it is done with what you are doing. When petting a high strung cat, be prepared to stop petting him or her quickly, and be aware that you may get bitten or scratched. This may be the cost of trying to connect with a skittish cat.


Присмотритесь к своим друзьям. Знакомьтесь с новыми людьми. Сосредоточьтесь на своей личной жизни. Оставайтесь на связи с семьей. Найдите психолога или группу поддержки.

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The people that you surround yourself with have a very large impact on you and your life. New people will bring new experiences into your life. Join a local club or group that you share an interest with. Many cities offer adult sports clubs that are much more relaxed than traditional league sports. You may be able to find options like kickball and dodge ball in your area. Your personal relationships will have the biggest impact on your mood and motivation. Find someone who compliments your personality, and challenges you to be a better person.  If you’re with someone already, work to rekindle the spark that brought you together. Go on a date that recalls an early experience. Take a romantic weekend away with your significant other. Reestablish the magic and you will find yourself motivated in other areas of your life. Relationships are a two-way street. You will need to invest yourself emotionally in order to receive the support of the other person. Friends will come and go, but your family will always be there. You don’t have to have a close relationship, but take the time to connect with your family and relatives on a regular basis. A few loving words from a family member can give you just the boost you need. If you’d rather not talk to family over the phone, even emails or social network posts are a good way to keep in touch and stay connected. Having an unbiased person to talk to about your problems and concerns can be very beneficial to your mental well-being. Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, allowing those with lower incomes the ability to afford services. University counseling programs often have student-run counseling at a fraction of the cost of professional services.


Присмотритесь к своим порокам. Избавьтесь от подпорок. Поймите, что ваши мысли - это не вы. Анализируйте и контролируйте свое поведение.

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Many people deal with their negative emotions with drinking, partying, smoking, gambling – or any combination of bad habits. They push away how they actually feel and the distress comes out in their behavior. To get at this emotion and to have it be gone forever, the vices have to go, too. They're not doing you any favors. And for others, these vices bring about the negative feelings. Drinking leads to poor choices and poor choices lead to misery and misery leads to drinking. And other times the cycle is a little less obvious, so people don't see the connection. Regardless of whether the emotion spawns the vice or the vice spawns the emotion, the habit needs to be kicked. For too many of us, negative emotions are a crutch. They're rewarding. It sounds crazy, but we manage to find it comfortable. Every time someone says, "Good job!" we think in our heads – and some of us say out loud – "No, it wasn't that great." So take a step back and think about your thought patterns. How do you find this negative emotion reassuring? How is it rewarding you?  For example, most of us are worriers. We over-analyze and over-analyze and over-analyze an event till we're blue in the face. We hate it, but we can't stop doing it. If we actually hated it, you'd think we'd stop, right? But we don't -- that worrying makes us feel like we're preparing. In actuality, we can't tell the future and we're no better off than we'd be without the worry. Since this step can be a little hard to take charge of, just pause for a second the next time you start to feel this emotion. Are you used to it? Is being happy or contented scary? How can you show yourself that you're getting nothing out of it? This is the best part: you fabricate all of your thoughts. 100% of them. Sure, some of them are regurgitated things people have told you, but you're still the one doing the regurgitating. And what does this mean? It means that you're the conductor of this train and what you say goes. If you don't want to think these things, you don't have to.  When you...


Присмотритесь к симптомам СРК. Рассмотрите факторы риска. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом. Ведите дневник питания.

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Symptoms of IBS can be different for each person and vary in severity from one time to another. The most common symptoms of IBS are:  Abdominal pain and cramping that may improve after a bowel movement Bloating and gas Constipation (which may alternate with diarrhea) Diarrhea (which may alternate with constipation) A strong urge to have a bowel movement Feeling as if you still need to have a bowel movement after you've already had one Mucus in the stool IBS is a "functional" digestive disorder. This means that the digestive system changes for unknown reasons. But, these changes don't actually damage the digestive system. Conditions that usually happen with IBS include:  Mixed nerve transmissions between the brain and large intestine Problems with the way food is pushed through the digestive system (peristalsis) Depression, anxiety, and panic disorders Infections in the digestive system Bacterial overgrowths (like Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth [SIBO]) Changes in hormone levels Food sensitivities Since there's no diagnostic test, your doctor will do a physical exam. The doctor may order blood tests, stool tests, and imaging tests, depending on your specific situation. These tests can also rule out other health conditions. If your doctor believes you have IBS, you'll probably be advised about changes you need to make to your diet. Your doctor might prescribe medications (like muscle relaxants, anti-depressants, bulk-forming laxatives and anti-diarrheal medicines) to relieve symptoms. Track the foods you eat and make note of which foods seem to make your symptoms worse. Try to avoid eating these foods in the future. Most people with IBS find that one or more of these cause digestive problems:  Foods that are high in fat Foods that are artificially sweetened Foods that cause gas or bloating (cabbage, some beans) Some milk products Alcohol Caffeine


Присмотритесь к симптомам возбуждения. Обратите внимание на спутанность сознания и нарушенную координацию движений. Присмотритесь к другим изменениям в работе организма. Обратите внимание на серьезные симптомы. Учтите, что симптомы могут возникнуть в течение нескольких часов.

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Serotonin syndrome is essentially an over-excitation of the nervous system, so the symptoms reflect this. You may feel agitation, restlessness, or irritability. Because of this, you may experience an increased heart rate and palpitations. Your pupils may also be dilated and you may have increased blood pressure. Another common symptom of serotonin syndrome is confusion and disorientation. You may also experience pronounced clumsiness. Your muscles may feel uncoordinated, making it hard to walk, drive, or perform daily tasks. Your muscles may also end up feeling excessively rigid. You may also experience twitching muscles or muscle tics. If you have serotonin syndrome, you may also experience profuse sweating. Instead of sweating, you may experience shivering or have goosebumps break out over your body. You may also experience diarrhea or headaches. There are some symptoms associated with serotonin syndrome that indicate you are experiencing a serious reaction. These symptoms can be life-threatening, and if you experience them, you should call emergency services immediately. These symptoms include:  High fever Seizures An irregular heartbeat Unconsciousness High blood pressure Change in mental status The symptoms of serotonin syndrome usually begin within a few hours of taking a prescribed medication, an OTC medication, or an herbal supplement. These symptoms are even more common when one or more of these substances are combined.  The majority of cases of serotonin syndrome happen within six to 24 hours of a change in dose or starting of a new drug.  Serotonin syndrome can be serious and life-threatening, so if you are taking any of the medications listed or have just started a new medication and experience any of the symptoms, call your physician, emergency services, or go to an emergency room right away.


Присмотритесь к симптомам инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП). Выявите возможную боль в почках у старших детей. Обратите внимание на нарушение мочеиспускания. Присмотритесь к другим симптомам дисфункции мочевого пузыря и кишечника. Знайте о пороках развития. Проверьте, не было ли рефлюкса мочевого пузыря у кого-нибудь из вашей семьи.

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UTIs are a common sign of urinary reflux, so if your child has one or several UTIs, you should consider having him tested for VUR.  In infants and toddlers with urinary reflux, symptoms of UTIs include an unexplained fever, diarrhea, vomiting, lack of appetite, and irritability. You may also notice frequent urinating in small amounts, blood in the urine (hematuria), or cloudy, strong-smelling urine. If your child is younger than 3 months old and has a rectal temperature of 100.4 F (38 C) or higher, contact your doctor. If your child is three months or older and has a fever of 102 °F (38.9 °C) or higher, contact your doctor. Older children might experience similar signs, but can also communicate several others. These include a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation when urinating, and being hesitant to urinate or holding urine to avoid that burning sensation.  Listen for other, less specific complaints from older children. These can include going to the bathroom more often, saying, "It burns," or, "It hurts," when urinating, or complaining of a stomachache. Older kids with urinary reflux (as well as other UTIs) may also experience kidney pain. Kidney pain is felt as a pain on either side of the back, just beneath the lower ribs. Dysfunctional urination is a symptom of more serious urinary reflux. This can be an overactive bladder, a tendency to "hold in" urine, or the inability to release anything but a very weak stream of urine (particularly in boys). Your child may also be suffering from severe constipation (holding in stool). These may include having to urinate often or suddenly, long periods of time between bathroom visits, daytime wetting, and posturing to prevent wetting. Your child may also have pain in the penis or perineum (the area between the anus and genitals), constipation (fewer than two bowel movements in a week, and painful, large, or hard when they happen), bedwetting, or incontinence (the inability to hold stool in the colon and rectum). One type of VUR is caused by an...


Присмотритесь к симптомам хронической болезни почек. Рассмотрите факторы риска. Обратитесь за медицинской помощью. Следуйте плану лечения.

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You might not notice symptoms right away since chronic kidney disease takes time to develop. Pay attention for:  Increased or decreased frequency of urination Fatigue Nausea Itching and dry skin anywhere on the body Obvious blood in the urine or dark, foamy urine Muscle cramps and muscle twitches Puffiness or swelling around the eyes, feet and/or ankles Confusion Difficulty breathing, concentrating, or sleeping While preventing kidney disease should be important for everyone, it's especially important if you're predisposed to developing the disease. Your risk factor is higher if you have a history of high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease. African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans also have higher risk of kidney disease. People over the age of 60 are also at an increased risk for kidney disease. If you have a family history of kidney disease, you may be at risk for some kidney diseases that have a genetic component. Because many symptoms of chronic kidney disease are similar to symptoms caused by other diseases, it's important to get checked out by your doctor if you notice any symptoms. Your doctor can test your urine and blood for kidney function. With that information she then diagnose kidney disease or determine if another condition is causing your symptoms. Talk with your doctor about your family history, any medications you're taking, and any concerns you have about your kidney health. If your doctor diagnoses you with chronic kidney disease, you'll be treated for the condition that's causing it. For example, if a bacterial infection is causing your symptoms, you'll get antibiotics. But, since kidney disease is chronic, your doctor may only be able to treat complications.   If your kidney disease is severe, you may be put on kidney dialysis or get a kidney transplant.  Your doctor might prescribe medications to deal with complications. Specifically, you might need medications to treat high-blood pressure, treat anemia, lower your cholesterol, relieve swelling, and protect your bones.


Присмотритесь к тому, сколько сверчков съедает ваш питомец. Достаньте лишних сверчков. Поддерживайте в клетке необходимую температуру.

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Once you've added the crickets to your reptile's environment, keep an eye on how many your reptile eats.  It's important that you only feed them the amount they are able to eat in one meal.  Count how many crickets you placed in the cage and compare it to how many crickets are left untouched after a half hour of fifteen minutes.  Next time, add only the amount of crickets your reptile can eat in one meal. Give your reptile a maximum of one-half of an hour to eat all the crickets you've added. Crickets are omnivorous and will attempt to bite and eat your reptile if they are left in the enclosure for too long.  Save your reptile needless stress and pain by removing any uneaten crickets at night.  Adjust how many crickets you feed them next time based on how many extra were leftover.  Never leave leftover crickets in the reptile's enclosure. If your reptile is not hungry, it will not eat the crickets.  Leaving extra crickets in the enclosure will only cause your reptile problems. Crickets can also carry diseases or parasites and will also create waste in your reptiles enclosure. Reptile's metabolism is based on how warm their environment is kept.  Warmer environments will increase activity levels, metabolic rates, and will allow your reptile the energy to hunt and eat healthy amounts of food.  Always watch the enclosure's temperature to ensure that your reptile is able to eat and properly digest their food.  Your reptile will have varying temperatures that it enjoys depending on what type it is. Generally, the temperature will be lowered at night and your reptile won't want to eat during that time.  Make sure they eat enough during the warmer hours of the day.


Присмотритесь к физическим признакам болезни. Обратите внимание на сухость покровов тела. Обратите внимание на малую подвижность. Принюхайтесь к аквариуму. Проверьте, нет ли у рака клещей. Понаблюдайте за поведением животных. Не путайте болезнь с линькой.

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Although illness is relatively uncommon, crabs can get sick. This is usually related to problems with their habitat, or “crabitat,” but may be a result of other issues such as mites. Hermit crabs need access to water to keep their skin moist and healthy. Examining your crab for signs of dry skin can keep your crab from drying out and ensure it can breathe properly. Signs of dry skin in hermit crabs can include:  Lack of water in the tank or on a sponge Matte appearance to the skin Excessive burrowing to get at moist spots in the tank The environment in the tank is vital to a hermit crab’s health and promotes its movement, too. If your hermit crab isn’t moving around much, the water in its habitat or even toxic paint on its shell could be killing it. Lethargy can also be a sign of stress.  Recognize that most hermit crabs like to play and will move around their habitats a lot if they are not molting or sick. Make sure your hermit crab is moving regularly and not hanging out of its shell, which can be a signal that it is dying. Remember that lack of movement can also signal molting. Foul odor coming from the tank can signal illnesses related to problems with the habitat. Check on your crabs every day, which can quickly signal you to any bad smells that might be coming from the animals or parts of the tank. Be aware that there may be a broad range of odors that can signal problems. These include: stinky feet, fish or shrimp, mildew or must, rotting food. Mites are arguably the most common cause of health issues for hermit crabs and you should be especially vigilant in checking for these. Be aware that there are “good” and harmless mites that inhabit crab’s spaces and bodies but that there are also “bad” and harmful mites. Watch out for the following types of harmful mites:  Gill mites, which are light pink or red and bury into the gills of hermit crabs. These mites are often not visible until after a hermit crab’s death because a flap of skin protects the gills of live animals. Crab mites, which glue themselves...


Присмотритесь к характерным признакам. Осмотрите подвальные помещения. Проверьте хозяйственные помещения. Осмотрите различные укромные уголки. Проверьте окна. Проверьте места, в которых недавно появлялась вода. Проверьте душевую занавеску. Осмотрите углы потолка. Проверьте воздуховоды и вентиляционные отверстия.

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Mold often has a fuzzy appearance but can also look like a stain if it's growing on a wall or furniture. Its most common colors are black green, brown, or white. Mold can feel like cotton, leather, velvet, or sand paper. It usually gives off a musty or earthy odor. Also look for visible signs of possible water damage such as stains or paint bubbling. This could mean there is mold growth within the wall cavity. This should be the first place you look. Its underground location makes it especially vulnerable to moisture and humidity buildup. After each heavy rain, look for and immediately treat any water seepage. Check the following spots:  Baseboards Walls, especially where they meet the ceiling Behind and under appliances, especially the washer and dryer Look in and around the clothes dryer duct for mold growth. If it's not properly ventilated, it can trigger a build-up in humidity in the room. Make sure the duct is vented toward the exterior of the house. Darkness and moisture create ideal conditions for the spread of mold. You should check:  Under sinks, especially if they sit on top of cabinets Closets, especially if they don't receive proper ventilation. If your house isn't properly insulated, windows could accumulate condensation year-round. Look for mold growth around each individual pane and along the frames. Inspect the baseboards in the basement and first/ground floor if your house recently flooded. Tear out all carpeting in these areas. If you recently experienced heavy rain, look for water stains in the attic and on the upper-story living areas. If a pipe recently burst, treat all water-damaged areas as if they had been flooded. Dirt and grime that washes off your body has a tendency to mix with shampoo and soap residue. This mixture ultimately collects on shower curtains. Make sure the bathroom is well lit. Spread out the shower curtain to check the entire surface. Use a magnifying glass to check for small patches of mold that you could otherwise miss. The corners where your walls meet the ceiling...


Присмотритесь к ценам. Выберите процессор. Выберите материнскую плату. Приобретите ОЗУ. Выберите видеокарту (по желанию). Определитесь с объемом жесткого диска. Купите оптический привод. Выберите корпус. Выберите соответствующий блок питания (PSU). Подберите дополнительные устройства.

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Prices vary a great deal between outlets. Find a retailer that has a good return policy, as computer components have a chance of being DOA (dead on arrival). You’ll want to buy from a company that makes exchanging parts as hassle-free as possible. For a media PC, you won’t need the latest and most expensive processor that you might need in a gaming PC. You will need one that can handle HD playback of movies. Look for a mid-range quad-core processor. Try to use a low-energy processor, as this will lower your heating requirements, which will in turn reduce the overall noise of your machine. Your motherboard choices will largely be dictated by your processor choice. USB 3.0, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi are all essential components of a good motherboard. You’ll want a motherboard that has HDMI and DVI connectors, depending on the TV that you are connecting it to. HDMI transmits both audio and visual signals, so if you aren’t connecting via HDMI you’ll need audio connectors such as SPDIF.  If you are planning on getting a solid state drive (more on that below), make sure that the motherboard has SATA III support. Motherboard size is determined by the case that you choose, and vice versa. RAM is one of the simpler purchases when building an HTPC. Compare reviews to make sure you are buying from a trusted company, as RAM has a fairly high fail rate. The pin numbers for the sticks of RAM must match the pin number for the motherboard. Make sure that the DDR Type and Frequency are supported by your motherboard. Since RAM is inexpensive, get the highest frequency RAM that your motherboard can support. You will want 8-16 GB, either as 4 sticks of 1GB or 2 sticks of 2GB. You will only need a video card if you are planning on playing games on your HTPC as well. Most motherboards will be able to handle video playback and streaming just fine. If you are adding a video card, you will also need to make sure that your power supply and case (below) will support it. Your storage needs will vary depending on the way you intend to use your...


Присмотритесь к шардоне, если ищете простое вино, которое будет сочетаться со всем на свете. Обратите внимание на легкие и яркие вина пино гриджио, если хотите, чтобы вино легко сочеталось с ужином. Знайте, что с совиньон блан ошибиться невозможно. Купите рислинг, если хотите попробовать сладкое, сухое и насыщенное вино. Если не уверены в своем выборе, покупайте розовое вино.

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One of the most popular grapes around, the citrus-flavored, crisp, and green apple laced Chardonnay is a well-balanced and versatile grape. It can be crafted into many different wines, from sharp and bright to buttery and woody, and anywhere in between.  If you're on a budget, a Chardonnay is often your best bet.  Chardonnay is either "oaked" or not. Oaked chardonnay has the toasty, vanilla-like flavors, whereas unoaked is usually crisper and brighter. It goes well with fish, chicken, and even some heavier meals (especially the California Pinot Grigio). It is light and fruity, often carrying heavy notes of pear flavors along with citrus. Light on alcohol and oak, it is easily drinkable even without food. One of the most common white grapes out there, the Sauvignon Blanc hosts notes of citrus and berry, even peaches, that make it a good pairing for lighter, softer dishes or casual drinking with appetizers. It can be made in a variety of styles depending on aging and fermenting, so be sure to check out the bottle of each one -- they won't be all the same! Sauv Blancs are also your best cooking white wine, as they have a punch of acidity without too much overpowering flavor. The Riesling, a wine of German origin, ranges from sharp and dry to strongly sweet, making it a versatile, though very particular, wine to choose. The drier versions will cut hard into shellfish and spicy dishes -- think Asian cuisine. Meanwhile, the longer aged varieties are perfect on their own as dessert wines, or matched with sharp cheeses. The simple, high-acid Rose will add a nice finish to just about any meal, and getting one with bubbles will further help cleanse the palate, no matter what you're chomping on. While Rose often gets a bad rap, it is completely unfounded. Eminently drinkable with or without food, this is a great wine to grab for a large group or if you're unsure about the meal pairing.