Неконтролированный отказ от алпразолама представляет опасность для человека. Запомните симптомы ломки. Не забывайте о тяжелых симптомах ломки. Узнайте, как долго могут продолжаться симптомы абстинентного синдрома. Будьте терпеливы.

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Alprazolam, also known as Xanax (its brand name), is a medication known as a benzodiazepine. This medication is used to treat anxiety disorders, panic attacks and other related psychiatric disorders. Alprazolam and other benzodiazepines increase the action of a neurotransmitter, or chemical messenger in the brain, called GABA. The long-term use of alprazolam may cause dependence or addiction. If you abruptly discontinue using it, you may experience to severe withdrawal symptoms as your brain chemistry tries to rebalance itself. Stopping benzodiazepines like Alprazolam has the potential to cause a life-threatening withdrawal syndrome. In some cases, unsupervised withdrawal from alprazolam may result in death. Familiarize yourself with the symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal before you start tapering alprazolam. This can help ease any mental anguish caused by not knowing what to expect and/or being taken by surprise by your withdrawal. Tapering off (slowly reducing your dose) under a doctor's care will reduce withdrawal symptoms. When you withdraw from alprazolam, you may experience any combination of symptoms and in varying severities. These symptoms may include:  Anxiety Irritability Agitation Insomnia Panic Depression Headache Nausea Fatigue Blurred vision Aches and pains Severe alprazolam withdrawal symptoms include hallucinations, delirium and seizures. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. Alprazolam withdrawal symptoms begin approximately six hours after taking the last dosage. The symptoms typically peak anywhere between 24 and 72 hours. They can last two to four weeks. Remember, until you have completed a successful benzodiazepine taper, your body will be in a constant mild withdrawal state. This is why a slow taper is highly recommended. Generally speaking, tapering off Alprazolam should be as slow as you feel comfortable with. If you taper more slowly, your symptoms should be less severe. Keep in mind that a slower taper results in far fewer withdrawal...


Некоторое время оставайтесь на земле. При возможности подложите что-то под ноги. Дышите глубже. Пейте достаточно жидкости. Употребляйте еду небольшими порциями на протяжении всего дня. Избегайте спиртных напитков. Обратите внимание на принимаемые вами медикаменты. Будьте осторожны на протяжении дня. При необходимости позвоните в скорую помощь.

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Don’t be in a rush to get up after a fainting spell. Your body and mind need time to recover. You should stay in your current position on the ground for at least 10-15 minutes. If you get up too soon you risk triggering another episode. Simple fainting episodes are usually resolved by rapidly elevating the person’s feet and legs. While you are on the ground see if it possible to elevate your feet at all. Making it so that they are higher than your head is best, but an elevation will help. If you are lying down, see if you (or your helper) can stuff a jacket under your feet. This will improve the blood flow to your head and speed up the healing process. While you are waiting to stand again, inhale a series of deep, calming breaths. Fill your lungs to full capacity by breathing through your nose and then slowly release the air via your mouth. If you are still in a stuffy or hot area, you will want to carefully monitor your breathing until you can safely walk to a better space. One possible cause of fainting is dehydration. So, to prevent another episode, you will want to drinks lots of water immediately after standing and for the remainder of the day. Be very wary of drinking alcohol after a fainting spell as it will dehydrate you only further, thus adding to the initial problem. Eating more frequently and avoiding skipping meals may help to prevent you from fainting. Try eating five to six small meals per day instead of two or three large meals. Alcohol can increase your risk of fainting, so it is best to avoid it if you are prone to fainting. If you do drink, make sure that you only drink in moderation, which is no more than one drink per day for women of all ages and men over 65, and no more than two drinks per day for men under 65. Some medications may cause dizziness and fainting.  Consult your medical provider about which medications may cause these symptoms.  Some blood pressure medications may even be taken at bedtime to prevent fainting. Recognize that your body needs time to recover and give yourself...


Некоторые люди воруют, чтобы удовлетворить базовые потребности. Кражи происходят под влиянием сверстников. Недостаток сочувствия. Эмоциональная пустота. Некоторые крадут просто при удобной возможности.

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Desperation is a common reason behind many thefts. A person may not have a job or source of income or have insufficient means to provide for their family. As a result, the person steals to feed children or provide shelter. Being in the wrong crowd can also prompt someone to develop a habit of stealing. In such cases, the value of the stolen item may not matter as much as the thrill of taking something and potentially getting away with it. This type of stealing is very common in teens who are susceptible to peer pressure. They may do it to look cool or be accepted by a group of peers. A teenager or person who has difficulty seeing the "bigger picture" may steal without really thinking through their impulsive action might affect someone in the future. The person is not pathological — they are capable of empathy — but in the moment they may act without thinking how stealing will hurt the person or business from which they are stealing. If confronted or asked to think through their actions, this person probably would not steal. In some cases, a person who has suffered an early attachment loss or trauma may steal to compensate. These individuals’ basic emotional needs are not being met. In an attempt to fill an emotional hole left behind by a parent or caregiver, the child may compulsively steal to resolve feelings of deprivation. Unfortunately, the stealing does not resolve the issue, so the individual steals more and more. Unfortunately, some thefts occur simply because the person has the opportunity. Maybe they get a sense of excitement from taking what’s not theirs. Perhaps they see it as a challenge. They may steal out of greed when they already have plenty.


Некоторые специалисты считают, что от «мушек» в глазу помогают избавиться пищевые добавки. Принимайте пищевые добавки, усиливающие приток крови. Старайтесь бороться со стрессом.

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Some health professionals believe that certain nutritional supplements may help get rid of eye floaters. Nutritional supplements have not been clinically shown to reduce floaters, but some people may find them to be helpful. Discuss these treatments with your ophthalmologist before starting any of them:  Try antioxidant-rich substances such as turmeric and rose hips. There is some evidence that these antioxidants are effective in treating macular degeneration, but not in directly reducing floaters. Rose hips are commonly available as an herbal tea, and turmeric as a spice. Consider hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronic acid has been shown to be effective in helping eyes heal after cataract surgery. Some use hyaluronic acid to treat floaters, although no established medical connection has yet been formed. The idea is that increased blood flow will help your eyes better flush out the gelatinous protein from the vitreous. No proven connection, however, has been formed by the following supplements and floater reduction, so discuss these treatments with your ophthalmologist before starting them:  Try Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba has been proven effective in increasing ocular blood flow and is used by patients suffering from glaucoma.  Try lysine. Lysine is a vasodilator, which means that it widens blood vessels, particular in large veins. Lysine has proven effective in widening blood vessels in some areas, but not necessarily in the eyes.  Try bilberry. Bilberry is used both for improving eyesight and for widening blood vessels. More tests are needed to investigate the efficacy of bilberry in treating floaters. Another potential irritant for eye floaters is stress, so practicing stress management techniques may reduce the visibility of them. Meditation, prayer or spending time in nature are some options people find helpful to lower stress levels. Daily exercise like yoga, Pilates or Tai Chi can also reduce stress and help you develop a more relaxing lifestyle.


Немедленно выводите пятна. Разделите белые и цветные вещи. После предварительной чистки моющим средством или спреем от пятен вымочите белую одежду в горячей воде. Рассортируйте вещи в соответствии с материалом.

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If you are out and about, blot the stain carefully, but do not rub. If you have a laundry pen with you, you can dab the stain with that. If not, immediately remove the stained article of clothing upon coming home and use either a stain remover or a toothbrush and your standard detergent to pre-treat the stain. When pre-treating, always use a white cloth to dab away the stain, as a colored cloth may leave behind some dye. You can even go so far as to have a pile of more dingy whites, such as underclothes and socks, and a pile of crisp whites, such as dress shirts, or work attire. Whatever you decide, this is a step that cannot be skipped under any circumstances.  While it may be tempting to throw really light colors in with your whites, or even light grays, stick to white alone. Keeping your whites separate may mean washing whites in small loads. If this is the case, adjust your washer’s settings accordingly; using too much water could interfere with the laundry soap’s ability to clean properly. After each spot treatment, rinse and soak them for 30-60 minutes in hot water. This will help lift any lingering stains, and will give the treatment a chance to dissolve.  If you used a lot of soap, you may need to repeat this step twice, gently squeezing the garment in between soaks. If your laundry is sensitive to hot water, a warm or cold soak will achieve the same effect, though to a lesser degree. The type of fabric will determine the ideal wash cycle; some fabrics can withstand extremely hot water, while others will shrink or become disheveled. Sort your white laundry according to color, as well as fabric, to avoid discoloration and disrepair. Cotton is a tough fabric, while wool and linen are both prone to shrinking. While cotton can withstand high temperatures, wool and linen should be washed in cold or warm water. Synthetic fibers vary from manufacturer to manufacturer.


Немедленно вызовите скорую помощь. Помогите пострадавшему отойти от источника тепла. Накройте область ожога. Устраните химические раздражители. Приподнимите область ожога так, чтобы она находилась выше уровня сердца. При состоянии шока нужна немедленная медицинская помощь.

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Don't try to treat major burns at home. They need immediate treatment by a professional. Immediately call for an ambulance or visit your doctor or an emergency room immediately.  Never try to treat a serious burn yourself. The following measures are simply proactive steps to take until medical help arrives. If possible, do whatever you can to prevent further burns or injury. Stop the heat source or move the suffering person. Never pull on or move someone using the burned area for leverage. If you do, you could further damage the skin and possibly open up a wound even more. This can cause great pain to a suffering victim and lead to shock. Apply a cool, moist towel over the burned area to protect it until help arrives. Do not use ice or immerse the affected area in cold water. This can cause hypothermia or further damage to the sensitive area. If your burn was caused by chemicals, clean the area of any remaining chemicals. Run the area under cool water or add a cool compress as you wait for emergency help. Do not attempt any home remedies on a chemical burn. Only do this if you can elevate the wound without causing further damage. Look for shock symptoms: weak or rapid pulse, low blood pressure, clammy skin, disorientation or unconsciousness, nausea, or combativeness. If you notice symptoms of shock from third degree burns, get medical attention immediately. Call an ambulance to get the victim to the hospital quickly. This is a life threatening situation on top of an already dangerous situation. Severe third degree burns can cause shock because the body loses a significant amount of fluids when a large surface area is burned. The body cannot function normally with such low levels of fluid and blood.


Немедленно вызовите скорую помощь. Точно следуйте указаниям диспетчера скорой помощи. Подготовьте емкость с потенциальным отравляющим веществом.

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There is no reason to induce vomiting at home. If you or someone you’re with may have been poisoned, call the Poison Help Hotline at 1-800-222-1222 from anywhere in the United States. This number will connect you with a poison control center staffed by professionals that will provide you with free and confidential advice.  Call this number at any time for any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. Outside of the U.S., look up the number for poison control in your country and call them immediately.  For instance, the number to call in Australia is 13 11 26. People can be poisoned by chemicals, taking too much medication, and even too much of a certain food. If you think you or someone else may have been poisoned, do not hesitate to call Poison Control. Poison control personnel will ask you questions about what has been consumed, as well as any symptoms that have developed. If they direct you to go to an emergency room, do so immediately. Again, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so. If you have a good idea what may have caused the poisoning, such as a bottle of pills, bring this with you. It will provide medical personnel with valuable information that can help them treat the poisoning victim.


Немедленно вытирайте пролитые жидкости, чтобы избежать пятен. Натирайте гранит растительным маслом, чтобы придать ему блеск и защитить от грязи. Пользуйтесь разделочной доской, чтобы не поцарапать гранит. Подкладывайте жаростойкие коврики, когда ставите или кладете на стол что-либо горячее. Не кладите на столешницу косметические средства, чтобы избежать химических повреждений. Проверьте, образуются ли на столешнице отдельные капли воды, чтобы узнать, цело ли защитное покрытие.

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Liquids that are left on granite for too long can cause dark, shadow-like marks to form. Similarly, bright-colored beverages can stain light granite countertops. Get into the habit of wiping up spills with a soft cloth as soon as they occur. Apply cooking oil to a clean cloth, then make circular motions across the surface of the countertop. Use gentle pressure as you buff the surface. This will create a nice shine on your granite and temporarily reduce the risk of staining, as spills won't be able to soak into the granite as easily.  Repeat this periodically, such as daily or once a week, depending on your preferences. Use whatever oil you typically use for cooking. For example, you can use vegetable oil, olive oil, or avocado oil. Although granite is very hard-wearing, it can still be damaged if you regularly cut straight on the surface. Always use a chopping board when you are preparing food and try not to leave any sharp objects directly on the countertop. This will also help to protect your knives and keep them sharp. Hot pots, pans, hair straighteners, and curling irons can all cause micro-scratches to form. Keep a silicone, heat-resistant pad or an insulated mat within easy reach on the countertop.  Micro-scratches form when the granite experiences a sudden change in temperature. Hot objects can also cause the sealant to break down more quickly. Makeup and nail polish contain chemicals that can tarnish the granite and break down the sealant with long-term exposure. Place these products on a tray or a mat, or leave them in a cabinet instead. Granite countertops are sealed to protect the stone from being weakened and damaged from everyday use. Pour a few drops of water onto the countertop and check that water beads form, as this indicates that the seal is working properly. If the water soaks into the countertop, apply a granite seal or contact a granite restoration professional to get it resealed.  Make sure you do this sealant test before you do any buffing and cleaning of the granite. Otherwise, you may...


Немедленно достаньте телефон из воды. Извлеките аккумулятор телефона и другие внутренние детали. Сдуйте воду с компонентов телефона и вытрите их насухо полотенцем.

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Whether you’ve dropped your phone in the toilet, bathtub, or a lake, the first step is to get it out of the water ASAP. The longer you leave your phone in the water, the more water damage it will absorb. Leaving the phone in water for a longer period of time will allow water to soak into and saturate more of the interior electrical components. Before you take any steps to dry off the outside surfaces of the phone, pull out the electrical components. Open the phone case and pull out the battery and the SIM card. If you’ve inserted a micro SD card into your phone, pull that out as well. The interior components are crucial to the phone’s functions. If they get saturated with water, the phone won’t work. Blowing on the electrical parts of your phone will remove the majority of water from them. Wiping the phone parts down with a clean, dry towel will remove any remaining moisture on the parts’ surface. You should only rely on drying agents to remove residual moisture that’s worked its way into the components of your phone. Instead of blowing on the phone components, you could also shake them rapidly back and forth through the air. Be careful not to inadvertently throw your battery across the room, though.


Немедленно запишитесь на прием к стоматологу. Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью при серьезных симптомах. Сделайте дренирование абсцесса. Узнайте, необходимо ли прочищать каналы или удалять зуб. Принимайте антибиотики по назначению врача. Принимайте безрецептурные обезболивающие средства.

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When you call, say that you think you have a tooth infection so that you can be seen as soon as possible. Make sure that you see your dentist even if the pain goes away. Sometimes pain will subside because the nerves have died from the infection. Common signs of a tooth infection include:  an intense, throbbing toothache that does not go away sensitivity to hot, cold, and pressure while eating or drinking fever swollen face and/or cheek tender, swollen lymph nodes (lymph nodes are glands located under your jaw) flood of bad tasting and bad smelling fluid, which can be white, gray, or yellow pain that is relieved by a ruptured abscess In some cases, you may need to go to an emergency room or call 911 for treatment. Seek immediate medical help if you have symptoms of a tooth infection and:  a fever swelling in your face trouble breathing difficulty swallowing increased heart rate If you have an abscess with your tooth infection, then your dentist will need to drain it as soon as possible in order to get rid of the infection. To drain the abscess, your dentist will use a sterile scalpel to cut open the abscess and allow it to drain. You will be given anesthesia prior to this procedure so that you do not feel the pain. If a tooth infection is severe, then it may be necessary for your dentist to perform a root canal or a tooth extraction. These are two different procedures and your dentist will talk to you about your options.  Root canal. A root canal involves drilling deep into your tooth in order to drain an infected tooth. Your dentist will then place a crown on the tooth to seal and strengthen it. Tooth extraction. A tooth extraction is when your dentist removes a tooth that has become infected. In many cases, your dentist will prescribe an antibiotic to help treat an infection. The antibiotic will help to fight off any remaining bacteria from your tooth infection. Make sure that you take the antibiotics exactly as instructed by your dentist.  Do not stop taking the antibiotics without talking to your dentist...


Немедленно ищите убежище. Помните, что радиационное облучение вызывает большое количество смертей. Разберитесь в типах радиоактивных частиц. Начните укреплять свое убежище землей или чем угодно, что вы сможете найти. Планируйте провести в вашем убежище как минимум 200 часов (8-9 дней). . Одевайтесь так, чтобы максимально закрыть кожу (надевайте шапку, перчатки, защитные очки, рубашку с длинным рукавом и так далее). Лечите радиационные и термические ожоги. Не бойтесь помогать людям с лучевой болезнью. Ознакомьтесь с радиационными единицами. Постарайтесь сохранить электрооборудование. Будьте готовы к последующим атакам.

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Aside from the geopolitical warning signs, your first warnings of an imminent nuclear attack will most likely be an alarm or warning signal; if not, it will be the blast itself. The bright light from a detonation of a nuclear weapon can be seen tens of miles away from ground zero. If within the vicinity of the blast (or ground zero), your chances of survival are virtually nonexistent unless you are in a shelter that provides a very (VERY) good blast protection. If you are a few miles out, you will have about 10-15 seconds until the heat wave hits you, and maybe 20-30 seconds until the shock wave does.  Under no circumstances should you look directly at the fireball. On a clear day, this can cause temporary blindness at very large distances.  However, the actual damage radius is highly variable depending on the size of the bomb, the altitude of the explosion, and even the weather conditions at the time of the blast.  If you can't find shelter, seek a depressed area nearby and lay face down, exposing as little skin as possible.  If there is no shelter of this kind, dig as fast as possible. Even around 8 kilometers (5 miles) you will suffer third degree thermal-burns; still at 32 kilometers (20 miles) the heat can burn the skin off your body. The wind itself will peak at around 960 kilometers per hour (600mph) and will level anything or anybody caught in the open. Failing the above options, get indoors, if, and only if, you can be sure that the building will not suffer significant blast and heat damage. This will, at least, provide some protection against radiation. Whether this will be a viable option depends on the construction of the building and how close you will be to the likely ground zero of a nuclear strike. Stay well away from any windows, preferably in a room without one; even if the building does not suffer substantial damage, a nuclear explosion will blow out windows at enormous distances. For an example, one (albeit abnormally large) nuclear test in the Novaya Zemlya archipelago in Russia was known...


Немедленно направьтесь к врачу или позвоните в скорую, если у вас возникнут боли в груди. Принимайте рецептурные антибиотики, если их назначил вам врач. Обсудите с врачом прием рецептурных лекарств. Обдумайте прохождение более инвазивных процедур для облегчения боли. Если вам ничего не помогло, обсудите с врачом прохождение операции по удалению или восстановлению поврежденного хряща.

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A medical professional will be able to determine whether it is a heart attack or something less serious like costochondritis.  Know what to expect at the doctor’s office. The doctor will likely palpate (examine with her fingers) along your sternum to determine where it hurts and the extent of the inflammation. If she is able to reproduce the pain while palpating, it is likely costochondritis and not a heart attack. She will also likely ask about events in your life, like recent injuries, which might be the cause. Your doctor may ask you to undergo other tests to rule out other conditions frequently associated with chest pain, including osteoarthritis, lung disease, gastrointestinal conditions, or an infection of the joint. She may request x-rays, CT scans, an MRI, or an electrocardiograph.  Tell your doctor if you have heart, liver, or kidney disease, high blood pressure, ulcers, or have had internal bleeding in the past. This knowledge will help your doctor tailor your pain management plan to what is right for you. If your case of costochondritis is caused by an infection in the joint, then your doctor will likely prescribe antibiotics to be taken either orally or through an IV. This is usually not necessary, as infections are rarely the cause of costochondritis. If your pain does not go away after a few weeks and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have not been effective, your doctor may suggest something stronger to help you cope with the pain. Possible prescription medications may include:  Prescription-strength nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) similar to ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). This is the main treatment for costochondritis. If you take these for a long period of time you must be observed by a doctor because they can harm your stomach and kidneys. Medications containing codeine, like Vicodin, Percocet, etc. These medications can be addictive. Some antidepressants or anti-seizure medications can also be effective in managing chronic pain. Most cases of costochondritis...


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью в случае сердечного приступа. Приложите пакет со льдом к отекшим местам. Приложите грелку к больному месту. Примите безрецептурное обезболивающее. Нанесите на больные места крем от мышечных болей. Уберите заложенность в груди. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом по поводу приема ингибиторов протонной помпы (ИПП).

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A heart attack or other cardiac problem can cause chest tightness. Heart issues are serious, so contact emergency medical services immediately if you experience any warning signs. Do not try to drive yourself to the emergency room. Chew an aspirin and rest while you wait for help to arrive. Common signs of a heart event include:  Chest discomfort Pain in the left arm, jaw, and neck Shortness of breath Nausea or vomiting Dizziness or lightheadedness Cold sweats An ice pack will help to reduce pain and swelling caused by injuries less than 6 months old. At the same time, it may ease the chest tightness the pain and swelling can cause.  Apply the ice pack for 10 to 20 minutes at a time, 3 or more times a day. Place a towel between the ice pack and your skin. If the swelling goes down after a couple days but there is still pain/tightness, you can switch to a heating pad. Heat may be an effective way of relieving chest tightness due to old injuries. Place a thermal pad on the area of your chest that is impacted. If the pad is very warm, place a towel between it and your skin.  You can use heating pads for relief as often as you'd like. If it is comfortable to recline, you can also try taking a warm bath for a similar effect. A dose of aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol) or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) like ibuprofen can give immediate relief from chest tightness. Follow the dosing guidelines on the package and don't take more than the recommended amount.  OTC pain relievers are effective at treating chest tightness caused by muscle soreness or bone problems. If you are on any other medications, check with a doctor before taking an OTC pain reliever. They can advise you on which ones are safest and most effective. Ointments formulated to soothe sore muscles may ease chest tightness caused by this problem. Look for one with menthol. Rub the cream on the sore area, and follow the package directions to find out how often to use the cream. Once the muscle pain eases, the chest tightness should start to go...


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью в случае судорог, затрудненного дыхания или жидких выделений из ушей. При подозрениях на сотрясение мозга обратитесь к врачу в течение 1–2 дней после происшествия. Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если симптомы ухудшаются. Выполняйте предписания врача. Воздерживайтесь от физических нагрузок и упражнений, пока врач не позволит вам приступить к ним.

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If the victim doesn’t respond or wake up after losing consciousness, experiences worsening headaches, vomits repeatedly, has blood or fluid leaking from the ears and nose, has a seizure, difficulty breathing, or slurred speech, take them to the emergency room immediately. These symptoms could indicate a very serious brain injury. Even if emergency medical treatment isn’t required, all head injuries should be evaluated by a licensed healthcare professional. If you suspect someone has a concussion, take them to the doctor within 2 days of the incident. In general, the symptoms of a concussion decrease over time. If the opposite is happening and the person experiences worsening pain, such as headache, and/or increased fatigue, seek immediate medical attention. These signs could indicate a more serious injury. Usually, bed rest is prescribed for people with concussions. This includes both physical and mental rest, meaning the person should avoid physical activity (like exercise) as well as strenuous mental activity (such as playing video games or doing crossword puzzles). Be sure to rest for as long as the doctor recommends, and always follow any other treatment plan as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If the victim got a concussion while playing a sport, exercising, or doing another physical activity, remove the person from the game or activity. They should not resume the activity until evaluated by a doctor, especially if it is a contact sport in which they may get hit again.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью при первых признаках затрудненного дыхания или боли в груди. Обратитесь к врачу при малейшем подозрении на сломанные ребра. Запишитесь на прием к врачу, если вы испытываете постоянную сильную боль.

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Shortness of breath can indicate a more serious problem than bruised ribs. If you are suddenly short of breath, have difficulty breathing, chest pain, or are coughing up blood, call emergency services or seek immediate medical attention. Look out for flail chest.  Flail chest occurs when you break 3 or more ribs right next to each other, and it can seriously hinder your breathing. If you suspect more than 1 rib is injured and you physically can't take a deep breath, seek medical help. A rib that's bruised or cracked is damaged, but still in its place in the rib cage. A broken rib, however, is dangerous because it's been dislodged from its normal position, and could potentially puncture a blood vessel, lung, or another organ. Seek medical attention instead of attempting to treat yourself at home if you suspect your ribs are broken instead of bruised. Chest pain can have a number of causes, and some can be life-threatening. An accurate diagnosis ensures that you're treating the right problem. Your healthcare provider may order chest x-rays, a CT scan, an MRI, or a bone scan if a fracture is suspected to reach an accurate diagnosis. However, injured cartilage or bruises will not show up in these tests. Seek medical attention if:  You're experiencing increasing pain in your abdomen or shoulder. You develop a cough or fever.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если вас укусили. Немедленно обработайте рану. Обратитесь в больницу.

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Contact a doctor immediately if you have been bitten by a wild animal or any animal that may be at risk for the infection. If your pet was bitten, take it to the vet right away. Waiting even a day will give the infection time to spread. If it's going to be a few hours before you get medical attention, you'll need to take steps to clean the wound:  Wash the bitten area with soap and water. According to the World Health Organization, elimination of rabies virus at the site of infection by chemical or physical means is the most effective mechanism of protection. Put ethanol or iodine solution on the wound. These are antiseptic that works by killing sensitive bacteria. If you've never had a vaccination, doctors will administer anti-rabies immune globulin, which helps by inhibiting the spread of the virus from the bite. No matter what, you'll need shots administered at the proper intervals.  A person who is exposed and has never been vaccinated against rabies should get 4 doses of rabies vaccine with one dose right away, and an additional dose scheduled on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day. They should also get another shot called Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG) at the same time as the first dose.  If you have already been vaccinated, you'll get 2 doses of rabies vaccine, one taken right away and another on the 3rd day.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если ваш стул имеет ярко-красный или черный цвет. Помните о том, что крайне редко цвет стула может указывать на наличие серьезного заболевания. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом, если эта проблема вызывает у вас беспокойство. Подумайте, какие другие симптомы вы испытываете наряду с изменением цвета стула.

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Even though these colorations could be caused by dietary changes or medications, these colors could also be indicators of blood in the intestinal tract. If you have blood in your stool, or are actively bleeding when you have a bowel movement, seek medical attention as soon as possible. If your stool is bright red or black and you recently ingested anti-diarrheal medications, food with red dye in it, or started a new medication, make an appointment with your doctor to make sure the change in your stool color isn’t indicating anything more serious. Your doctor will run various tests on your stool like a fecal occult blood test to determine the cause. Most of the time, changes in stool color can be explained by treatable conditions, or simply by dietary causes. It’s unlikely that a change in your stool color is cause for a trip to the emergency room, or even for any panic. Always check for recent changes in your diet or side effects of medications if your stool color changes suddenly. Regardless of the cause, if you are concerned about your stool or changes in your digestion, your safest and most effective method of treatment should be to seek advice from your doctor. A doctor will be able to identify for certain if there is anything to worry about, or if what you’re dealing with is normal. Even if it might feel embarrassing or make you feel anxious to talk about your bowel movements, it’s important to bring them up with your doctor if you are concerned. It’s always better to play it safe and get a medical opinion. If the change in color is associated with abdominal pain or sudden diarrhea, for example, it could be a sign of something more than just a dietary change. If your stool color change is associated with any other sudden symptoms, see your doctor. Black or red diarrhea, for example, could be a sign of a serious condition and should be addressed immediately.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если заподозрите у себя ИТШ. Приготовьтесь к основательному, но, как правило, успешному курсу лечения. Примите особые меры предосторожности, чтобы не заразиться ИТШ повторно.

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When caught early, Toxic Shock Syndrome is usually highly treatable.  However, undetected TSS can progress rapidly and result in lengthy hospital stays and (in rare cases) irreversible organ failures, amputations, and even death.  Play it safe.  If you have symptoms of TSS, or if you have possible symptoms plus risk factors for TSS (like ongoing nosebleeds or extended female contraceptive use), get medical assistance right away. Unless otherwise instructed when you contact medical assistance, immediately remove the tampon you are using (if relevant in your situation). Although TSS can almost always be treated successfully when detected early, hospital stays of several days (sometimes in the ICU) are not uncommon.  In most instances, the frontline treatment involves the use of one or more antibiotics. Symptom-based treatments will also occur based on the particulars of your case.  These can include the provision of oxygen, IV fluids, pain or other medications, and sometimes kidney dialysis. Unfortunately, once you have had TSS, you are approximately thirty percent more likely to get it again in the future.  Therefore, you need to make some lifestyle changes and keep a keen eye out for symptoms if you want to avoid a severe recurrence. For example, if you have ever had TSS, you should not use tampons (rely on pads instead).  You should also find alternate means of female contraception other than devices like sponges or diaphragms.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если икота мешает вам есть, пить или спать. Обратитесь к врачу, если икота длится дольше 48 часов. Узнайте у врача, следует ли вам принимать лекарственные препараты.

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You need to be able to eat, drink, and sleep in order to function and stay healthy. In rare cases, hiccups can prevent you from doing these things. If this happens to you, then you need to see your doctor immediately so that you can get relief. Your hiccups shouldn't be interfering with your daily life. Although most hiccups go away on their own within a few hours, sometimes an underlying condition can make the hiccups continue. Your doctor can determine what’s causing your hiccups and treat them. Tell your doctor how long your hiccups have been happening, as well as any other symptoms you’re having. If you have hiccups that won’t go away, your doctor might prescribe a treatment. However, medication isn’t right for everyone, so your doctor will talk to you about the risks and benefits. They may prescribe one of the following medications:  Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) is one of the most widely used medications for hiccups, and it is suitable for short-term therapy. Metoclopramide (Reglan) is a drug most commonly used for nausea, but it works for hiccups as well. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant which can treat hiccups.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если онемение сопровождается более серьезными симптомами. Обратитесь за медицинской помощью при анафилактическом шоке. Обратитесь к врачу, если онемение не проходит или усиливается.

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If dizziness, difficulty speaking, confusion, sudden severe headache, weakness, or paralysis accompany numbness, you should get immediate medical attention. You should also seek emergency medical care if numbness occurs suddenly after any form of head injury. In serious cases, a CT scan or MRI will be necessary to rule out a severe head injury, stroke, hematoma, tumor, or other life-threatening condition. In serious allergic reactions, numbness can precede anaphylactic shock, which can be fatal. Contact emergency services and, if possible, administer an Epipen if these symptoms accompany numbness:  Swelling of the mouth and throat Skin redness or rash Nausea and vomiting Restricted airway Hyperventilating or difficulty breathing Collapse or unconsciousness Numbness in any part of your body usually goes away on its own. However, it could be related to a number of mild or severe medical conditions, so you shouldn’t ignore a case of persistent numbness. If your lip numbness gradually worsens or doesn’t go away, schedule an appointment with your primary doctor.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если почувствуете себя хуже. Узнайте, необходима ли вам экстренная вакцинация против столбняка. Пройдите курс физической реабилитации. Ни в коем случае не прокалывайте ожоговые волдыри и не расцарапывайте образовавшиеся корочки. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом, прежде чем наносить увлажняющие средства на раневую поверхность.

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Fever, vomiting, and dizziness are all symptoms of blood poisoning and toxic shock syndrome, both of which can be deadly. Call for emergency help immediately if you notice these symptoms. Tetanus (often called “lockjaw”) is a very serious infection that causes progressive muscle spasms. It can be fatal if untreated. While tetanus usually enters the body through deeper puncture wounds, any break in the skin can put you at risk. Check with your doctor to see if your tetanus vaccination is up to date, and whether you need a booster shot.  If you had a primary tetanus immunization in the past and the wound is clean, the doctor may still recommend a booster if your last booster shot was more than 10 years ago. If the wound is dirty or tetanus-prone, you should get a booster if haven’t had one in the last 5 years. If you never had a primary tetanus immunization, your doctor will want to give you the first vaccine dose. You’ll need to return in 4 weeks and again in 6 months to finish the series. If you can’t remember when you had your last booster shot, it’s best to be cautious and get one. If the infected wound limits your movement, your doctor may recommend physical therapy. The physical therapy will teach you to move and exercise in ways that reduce pain and scarring. This can help increase your range of motion after the infection heals. Blisters and scabs may develop on healing burns and infections. Avoid breaking, picking at, or bursting these blisters. Apply an antibacterial ointment to them, and apply a dry dressing over them. Many people apply aloe and calendula gels to burns to reduce scarring, but these should not be used if an infection develops. They may irritate or worsen the infection. Once the infection is gone, ask your doctor if it is safe to start using these on your wound.


Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью. Обеспечьте надлежащий уход человеку, который получил ожог. Снимите одежду. Покройте ожог стерильным бинтом.

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If you think you have a severe burn, which would be a third or fourth degree burn, you need to call for help immediately. These are too severe to treat at home and need to be treated by professionals. Call emergency services if the burn:  Is deep and severe Is more than a first degree burn and you haven’t had a tetanus shot in more than five years Is bigger than 3 inches (7.6 cm) or encircles any body part Shows signs of infection, such as increased redness or pain, areas that leak pus, or fever Is on a person less than five years or more than 70 years old Happens to someone who has difficulty fighting infection, such as those with HIV, those on immunosuppressive medications, those with diabetes, or those with liver disease If you are helping a loved one who has been burned, check for responsiveness after you call emergency services. If they are not responding or going into shock, tell emergency services so they know what to expect. If the person is not breathing, focus on doing chest compressions until emergency services arrive. While you wait for help to arrive, take off any constrictive clothing and jewelry that are on or near the burn site. However, leave on any clothing or jewelry that might be stuck in the burn. This will pull off the skin at the site of the burn and cause further injury.  Place cold packs around any metal jewelry such as rings or hard to remove bracelets, as metal jewelry will conduct the heat of the burn up from the surrounding skin and back to the burn site. You can cut loose clothing off around the area where it is stuck to the burn. Keep yourself or the victim warm because severe burns can cause you to go into shock.  Unlike with minor burns avoid soaking the burn in water as this may cause hypothermia. If the burn is on a moveable part of the body, elevate the area above the heart to help prevent or reduce swelling. Do not take any pain medication, pop blisters, scrape dead skin, or apply any ointment. This could interfere with your medical treatment. Once you get any problem...


Немедленно обратитесь к ветеринару для лечения вздутия. Обратите внимание на обезвоживание. Знайте, когда следует обращаться к ветеринару.

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If your dog vomits, but nothing comes up your dog may have a serious and life-threatening condition called bloat. Symptoms include repeated attempts to vomit without actually producing vomit and drooling strings of saliva (because he can't swallow it). Your dog needs emergency medical treatment for bloat, since this serious condition can kill within hours if it's not treated. Once your dog vomits, he may feel nauseous which prevents him from wanting to drink. This, along with vomiting up fluid, can cause dehydration if the amount of fluid he loses is greater than the amount of fluid he's taking in. If your dog is showing early signs of dehydration, give him an electrolyte drink mixed with water every few hours for a day. If the dehydration doesn't improve, get medical attention. Early signs of dehydration include:  Excessive panting Dry mouth, gums, or nose Visible lethargy (fatigue) Dry or sunken eyes Lack of skin elasticity (the skin won't fall back into place immediately if you pinch a little and release it) Weakness in the hind end (a later stage of dehydration) Unsteadiness when walking (a later stage of dehydration) If the vomiting is simple and straightforward, such as after scavenging garbage, then most times you can nurse the dog better at home by offering fluids, and withholding food. However, you should always watch for signs that your dog needs immediate medical attention. These include:  Retching with nothing coming up Vomiting once or twice with your dog still seeming dull and depressed Vomiting for more than 4 hours or not being able to keep water down Vomiting blood which could indicate a serious ulcer in the stomach wall


Немедленно обратитесь к врачу, если вы испытываете характерные симптомы. Сдайте анализ крови на сахар. Сдайте анализ крови на HbA1с. При необходимости сдайте анализ на кетоны. Проходите плановые осмотры.

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Your doctor will need to perform several tests to determine if you have diabetes. If you do, in fact, have diabetes or pre-diabetes, you will need to follow-up with regular treatment by following your doctor's instructions. The blood glucose test does exactly what it sounds like it does: it tests the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood. This will be used to determine whether you have diabetes or are at risk of developing it. This test will done under one of three circumstances:  A fasting glucose blood test is done after you haven't had anything to eat for at least eight hours. If it is an emergency, your doctor will do a random blood glucose test regardless of whether you have eaten recently. A two-hour postprandial test is done two hours after eating a specific number of carbohydrates to test your body's ability to handle the sugar load. This test is usually done in a hospital so they can measure the number of carbs eaten before the test. An oral glucose tolerance test requires you to drink a high glucose fluid. They will test your blood and urine every 30-60 minutes to measure how well the body is able to tolerate the additional load. This test is not done if the doctor suspects type 1 diabetes. This blood test is also called the glycated hemoglobin test. It measures the amount of sugar attached to the body's hemoglobin molecules. This measurement gives the doctor a good indication of your average blood sugar measurements over the past 30 to 60 days. Ketone is found in the blood when an insulin shortage forces the body to break down fat for energy. It comes out through the urine, most often in patients with type 1 diabetes. Your doctor may recommend a blood or urine test for ketone:  If your blood sugar is higher than 240 mg/dL. During an illness such as pneumonia, stroke or heart attack. If you experience nausea and vomiting. During pregnancy. If you have diabetes or are at risk of developing it, it's important to monitor your health and blood sugar levels regularly. High blood sugar will cause damage...


Немедленно обратитесь к врачу, если симптомы аллергии усиливаются. Распознайте аллергическую реакцию. Обратитесь к педиатру, если крапивой обжегся маленький ребенок. Вызовите врача, если симптомы тяжелые. Обратитесь к врачу, если пораженная область выглядит инфицированной.

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In rare cases, someone may be allergic to the plant or to one of the chemicals released. Allergic reactions can be life-threatening. Immediate medical attention is warranted. Call 911 or go to the emergency room right away if you see one of the following symptoms of an allergic reaction:  Difficulty breathing, wheezing, or feeling like your throat is tightening. A tight feeling in your chest that makes it hard to breathe. Swelling in your mouth area, including your lips or tongue. A rash that extends beyond the exposed area, and can be all over the body. Stomach upset, cramping, vomiting, or diarrhea, can sometimes be part of an allergic reaction. Your doctor may be able to help guide you by prescribing topical medications or suggesting ways to treat the symptoms specific for young children. If the areas of skin exposed to the plant are widespread, or if your symptoms do not improve in 24 hours, contact your doctor. Your doctor may prescribe prescription strength topical agents to treat the exposed areas, or stronger oral products to help resolve the reaction systemically. If the areas have been scratched and the skin is broken, it is possible for an infection to set in. If you have areas of broken skin that are warm to the touch, draining pus, or more inflamed than the surrounding areas, then you may be developing an infection. Call your doctor right away if you experience these symptoms or if you have a fever. Your doctor may prescribe a topical antibiotic cream or ointment, or may want you take a course of oral antibiotics.


Немедленно обратитесь к врачу. Получите хирургическую помощь. Для восстановления потребуется время.

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A Grade III strain is a complete rupture of the muscle body or tendon. It involves significant pain (burning and/or sharp in nature), immediately severe inflammation and bruising, muscle spasms and sometimes an audible "pop" as the muscle is severed. There is also a palpable bulging defect in the calf as the larger severed portion strongly contracts. An inability to walk is characteristic of a Grade III calf strain, so assistance is usually needed to get to a hospital or clinic. The muscle fibers cannot reattach on their own, even with the help of scar tissue, so emergency intervention is required.  A sudden tendon rupture (such as the Achilles tendon) is often excruciating and feels like someone has shot you from behind or struck you with something sharp. A severely strained calf will likely cause bruising, which will settle into your foot and turn it black and blue. Grade III (and some Grade II) strains may require surgery to repair and reattach the damaged calf muscle and/or tendon. Time is of the essence because the longer a muscle is ruptured and severely contracted, the more difficult it is to stretch out and achieve normal muscle tone. Furthermore, internal bleeding can cause local necrosis (surrounding tissue death) and possibly (though very rarely) even lead to anemia from blood loss. Ruptures within the belly of a muscle heal quicker because of the better blood supply, whereas tendon ruptures don't receive as much blood and take longer to heal. Revert to the R.I.C.E. protocol following surgery.  In the case of complete ruptures, the calf muscles take about 3 months or so to heal following surgery and rehabilitation.  Post surgery, you'll likely wear a supportive compression boot and have to use crutches over the short term before progressing to physical therapy exercises. Much like a Grade II strain, physical therapy is needed to heal a Grade III sprain, especially if surgery is needed. Under the guidance of a physiotherapist or physiatrist, tailored isometric, isotonic, and then dynamic training...


Немедленно перейдите к открытому диалогу, а не бездумно наказывайте подростка. Установите точный характер беспокойств подростка. Непредвзято оцените домашнюю обстановку. Проявите бескорыстную любовь. Говорите спокойно и дружелюбно, даже если вы расстроены.

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This also means that you should dig into the deeper issues, not just the superficial ones, that could have caused them to run away.    If the teen won’t talk to you, find a professional (therapist, school guidance counselor), religious figure or other relative to reach out to the teen so you can start to figure out what is really going on. Try to sit down and talk with your teen first in a compassionate way. Most instances of teenagers running away are in response to a specific problem or stressor that teens feel they can solve by leaving home (e.g. bullying, bad grades, home pressures, pregnancy or substance abuse). You should determine whether there is a legitimate problem or just a power struggle. Some disorders a teen could be dealing with include depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and many other disorders. While you may be aware of the problems themselves (or not), you might not be aware of how the problems are affecting your child. Sexual abuse is also a common reason teenagers run away (and must be reported to authorities).   It’s possible there is something about your parenting style that the child is rebelling against. When was the last time you sat down and talked to your child about how they are feeling? They might push you away, but inside they really do want to talk. They just don’t know how. Teens could also be dealing with problems at school. You should do more research on your child’s school. Bullying is one of the main reasons for running away from home. Verbal and physical harassment such as hitting, fighting, abusing and even teasing can also be a big reason of troubled teenager’s problems. Which environment is causing the teenager’s stress? Friend circles, school or home? You should do a clear and honest assessment about what it’s like in your home. If there is a situation where one parent is harming the child or parental fighting is causing a stressful home environment, get immediate help.  Any harm toward a child – physical or verbal - should not be tolerated and must be reported to the...


Немедленно переходите к выравниванию и продолжите подготовку при помощи гладилки на длинной ручке. Используйте другой инструмент (не обязательно). Обработайте края при помощи меньшего инструмента. Сделайте прорезы в бетоне. Дождитесь, пока бетон частично высохнет. Нанесите цветной отвердитель (не обязательно).

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The bull float is a flat, long-handled tool used to flatten minor ridges and holes, as well as embed aggregate particles further into the concrete, bringing the smoother "cream" consistency concrete to the surface for better finishing.  The bull float should have rounded ends, not flat or straight ends. Avoid using a square float, as it will make smoothing out the concrete more difficult. Move the bull float back and forth across the slab, perpendicular to the direction you moved the leveling board. (In other words, move the bull float between the two forms the 2x4 was resting on.) Slightly lift the leading edge to create a smaller cutting edge of contact, lifting the tool toward you when pushing and away from you while pulling. Some bull floats will have a handle that will lift the tool for you when you turn it. Don't overdo it; the edge of the tool should remain level with the concrete. Try to finish this process before any "bleed water" leaks out onto the concrete's surface. A magnesium float is a short-handled tool that serves the same purpose as a bull float for smaller projects. A "power float" or "helicopter" is a powered tool used on large projects.  Move the magnesium float back and forth in overlapping arcs until the whole surface has been covered twice. A power float requires two people to place it carefully onto the slab, but only one to operate it. It takes a little practice to work properly, so stay near the center of the slab while you're learning to avoid damaging the concrete's edge. An edging tool is designed to create level edges and corners next to the form, where your larger bull float or magnesium float is less accurate. This will create more durable edges as well as improve the concrete's appearance.  Use a back-and-forth motion in a 1- to 2-ft. (0.3–0.6m) area before moving on to the next. As with previous tools, lift the leading edge of the tool. Don't press too deeply into the concrete; this can create impressions that are difficult to remove. These are called control joints and...


Немедленно позвонит ветеринару. Не заставляйте свою лошадь двигаться или ходить. Пока вы ждете приезда ветеринара, примите некоторые меры. Позвольте ветеринару диагностировать заболевание. Спросите о таком препарате, как ацепромазин. Найдите ортопедического кузнеца (с дополнительной квалификацией в лечении таких заболеваний, как ламинит, при помощи корректирующей ковки), чтобы тот оценил состояние лошади. Изучите возможные причины возникновения болезни, чтобы предотвратить ее появление снова.

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Describe in detail what you are observing to your vet. Take your horse's temperature and heart/breathing rates.  Every horse owner should have a working stethoscope and rectal thermometer available, and know how to use them. If your horse is showing signs of lameness, do not force him to exercise. If he is a significant distance from home, you should transfer him by trailer. Lay down a deep bed of shavings (4 or 5 inches) in his stall. These shavings will provide padding for your horse, helping to relieve some of the pain. Taking the following measures before your vet arrives will make their job easier and give your horse some much-needed relief.  Use cold therapy. Cold therapy is much the same as it is in humans. You ice down the horse's feet just as you would an injured knee or ankle in a human. You can either use a muck tub with ice and water or use ice boots to apply the ice to the horse. Do not leave it on for more than 30 minutes.  Provide an NSAID painkiller. These types of painkillers help relieve pain, of course, but they can also help with inflammation. You can give your horse Equioxx, Danilon, or Phenylbutazone ("Bute"), for instance. These are not to be given if the horse is on steroids, as the two drugs are contra-indicated together and can be a fatal combination. Always speak to your vet before giving any prescription medication to your horse. Treatment for laminitis can vary, depending on the severity of the condition, but the mainstay for years is to get your horse started on a regimen of Phenylbutazone, which is a powerful anti-inflammatory.  That, along with proper and supportive footing, are two of the treatments used in helping to alleviate the pain/disease. Your vet will check for the symptoms listed above by examining the horse, though she is better trained to spot the symptoms. Your vet may also want to take x-rays to examine the interior of the hoof. Ask how long you should provide anti-inflammatories to your horse. When you are giving your horse some of these drugs, such as Bute, you...


Немедленно позвоните 103, если необходима неотложная медицинская помощь. Предпримите меры по предотвращению шока. Приложите лед, чтобы снизить отек. Обязательно обратитесь к врачу.

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If you notice any of the following, emergency medical treatment is required. If you cannot call yourself, then send another person to call 911.  The suspected broken bone is part of another major trauma or injury. The person is unresponsive. In other words, if the person is not moving or talking. If the person is not breathing, you should administer CPR. The person is breathing heavily. The limb or the joint appears to be deformed or bent at an odd angle. The area where the bone is broken is numb or bluish at the tip. The suspected broken bone is located in the pelvis, hip, neck, head or back. There is heavy bleeding. Broken bones experienced during a significant accident can trigger shock. Until emergency personnel arrive or until you make it to a medical center, lay the person down flat, feet elevated above the level of his heart and his head lower than his chest if possible. If a break is suspected in a leg, do not elevate that leg. Cover the person with a coat or blanket.  Remember, do not move anyone at all if you suspect that the person's head, back or neck is broken. Make the person comfortable and keep him warm. Pad the affected area with blankets, pillows or clothing to pad the area. Talk to the person to help distract from the pain. Open the clothing around a potential broken bone and apply ice to help control the swelling. This will assist the doctor in setting the bone and help to control pain. Do not apply directly to the skin but wrap the ice pack or bag of ice in a towel or other material. You could also use something from your freeze that you have on hand, such as a bag of frozen vegetables or fruit. You should make an appointment with your doctor or visit a medical clinic to get an X-ray if you notice symptoms later on that did not appear at the time of injury. Do this if you or the affected person experience pain in the injured area without noticeable improvement over several days or if you or the affected individual did not initially experience point tenderness over the injured area in the...


Немедленно позвоните в пункт неотложной медицинской помощи. Спросите у пострадавшего, как он получил травму. Определите, где находится открытая рана, и выступает ли из-под кожи кость. Не Определите, есть ли на теле пострадавшего другие опасные для жизни раны.

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An open fracture has a high rate of infection and the possibility of other serious bodily trauma. The quicker you get medical care, the less chance of the wound becoming infected. Call 911 or assign a specific person to make the call while you begin treatment. If you didn’t see the accident happen, you’ll want to get a quick history from the person as soon as possible. Do this while you’re gathering what you need to treat the wound and calling emergency services. Depending upon how much blood is lost, or if the person becomes unconscious, you may be the one telling emergency personnel how the accident happened. Emergency personnel will want to know:  How the bone was broken: from a fall, car accident, blow, during a sporting event? What the wound looked like immediately after the accident and if it continued to get larger? How much blood was lost? If the person required treatment for shock? This does not mean you should touch the wound; just look at it. If the open wound is caused by a penetrating foreign object or if the wound is caused by the sharp edges of bone opening the skin, the treatment can be different. Severity of the wound is variable. There may only be a small opening in the skin without visible bone or the wound may contain an area of bone that is quite large. Bone is off-white in color and not necessarily the stark white color found in skeleton models. It is ivory in color, like an elephant's tusk or a tooth. remove any foreign object penetrating the body. A penetrating wound may have pierced an artery. If you remove the object, the artery may begin to bleed profusely and the person may quickly bleed out and die. Instead, treat the area with the foreign object in place, taking care not to touch or move the object. Because of the amount of force needed for an open fracture, there is a 40 to 70% chance of other serious trauma to the body which may be life-threatening.  This could include profuse bleeding from the wound.


Немедленно позвоните на номер скорой помощи. При необходимости начните делать сердечно-легочную реанимацию. Проведите лечение. Положите человека в противошоковое положение. Следите за дыханием. Оставайтесь с пострадавшим до приезда скорой помощи.

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Remember, if you suspect someone is experiencing shock, it is best to seek medical help as soon as possible. Don't wait for symptoms to get more severe, as shock symptoms can progress rapidly. If the person is not showing signs of life (ie: no breathing, no carotid pulse), start CPR. An untrained person should only attempt chest compressions, not rescue breathing. Ask the 911 operator to talk you through the process if you don't already know how. You might find this wikiHow article on how to perform CPR helpful. Depending on your location, it might be some time before emergency services are available to help. Taking the following steps will help stabilize the person experiencing shock if her condition appears to deteriorate and it is taking time for medical help to arrive.   Offer first aid for visible wounds and injuries. Make the person comfortable. Provide her with a blanket and loosen restrictive clothing.  Keep her from eating or drinking. Since the person may be unable to swallow, it's best to avoid giving her anything to eat or drink to reduce the risk of choking.  Turn her onto her side if she vomits or begins bleeding from the mouth. This will help prevent choking. Proceed with caution if you think the person might have a spinal injury. If a person with a possible spinal injury is choking, try to keep her head, neck, and back in line while rolling both the body and head together. Only attempt this if the person does not have an injury to the head, neck, leg, or spine. This position helps improve blood flow to vital organs.  Lay him on his back and elevate his legs above the heart (about 8 – 12 inches). Do not elevate his head or place a pillow under his head. If you think this position might cause the person any pain, it's best to leave him lying flat and wait for emergency help to arrive. Even if the person seems to be breathing normally, continue to monitor her condition until help arrives. You can provide this information to emergency services when they arrive. You can help reassure and comfort...


Немедленно покажите собаку ветеринару. Сделайте иммуноферментный анализ и антиген-тест (ИФА). Сдайте дополнительные анализы. Выполняйте все рекомендации ветеринара.

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The earlier you get your dog to the vet, the greater the odds of survival. Unfortunately, many dog owners fail to recognize the symptoms or wait too long to see a vet; when they finally take action, their dogs are in the late stages of the disease and tend to die from dehydration. To diagnose parvo, your veterinarian may perform the Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) test. This test checks your dog’s stool for evidence of parvo. It can be done in your veterinarian’s office.  The ELISA test gives rapid results, but it may not be completely accurate. Be aware that false negative results do occur. On the other hand, a test to confirm parvo may not really be necessary. The parvo virus causes severe illness. Since the condition is managed with supportive care rather than cured, it is not always necessary to run diagnostic tests. The treatment will likely be the same with or without a definite diagnosis. Proving it beyond doubt would not change the treatment given and could divert limited financial resources away from vital treatment. The ELISA test alone can sometimes fail to diagnose parvo. Your veterinarian may also perform a Hemagglutination Test, a blood count, and/or a direct fecal smear. The results of these tests, together with the ELISA test, will reveal the presence of parvo in your dog. There is no cure for the parvo virus; however, your veterinarian can recommend supportive therapies and practical measures that will increase your dog’s odds of survival. These might include:  Hospitalization Anti-vomiting medication Intravenous fluids Probiotics Vitamin therapy


Немедленно после кольцевания срежьте кольцо, если считаете, что установили его неправильно. Ежедневно осматривайте козленка на предмет инфекции. Убедитесь, что мошонка начинает отмирать.

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Don’t wait until the constriction starts to take place. If a nipple is inside the rubber band or a testis is pushed up, you should replace the band correctly. Spray with antiseptic if the area looks too inflamed. Administer pain relief beforehand, since this will be painful for the goat. The scrotum will start to shrivel. If the scrotum is hanging off by a thin thread of tissue, you can surgically remove it with a scalpel and apply antiseptic.


Немедленно предоставьте девушке свой телефон, чтобы она могла ввести номер. Сразу же напишите девушке  сообщение. Ведите себя вежливо и дружелюбно в случае отказа.

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Present your phone to make getting her number an easy process and a no-brainer that she won’t want to refuse. As you make your request verbally, pull up the “Add New Contact” screen on your phone. Then hand it to her so she can type in her name and number.  This tactic works well in a noisy environment, like a bar or a concert. She won’t be able to mistake your visual cues and you won’t have to strain to hear the numbers as she recites them for you. People are so used to typing their contact details into other people’s phones in many different contexts, so take advantage of this reflex. Even if you’re still sitting across from each other, shoot her a cute, funny message so she has your number, too. Send something short and sweet that’ll make her smile but that doesn’t interrupt your conversation too much. This will eliminate the awkwardness of not knowing when to make the initial call or text.  Try something like, “It’s James, the suave guitar player you just met.” Be a little more forward by asking her out on the spot with your first text: “Hey, it’s Peyton, your date for next Friday (?)” She might not want to give you her number for a variety of reasons that don’t have anything to do with you personally. Make it clear that you accept her decision without any hard feelings. Use your response to ending the conversation in a friendly manner, if you’d like.  Try something like, “Oh, that’s okay. Well, it was great to chat with you anyway. Hope you have a good night!” If she already has a boyfriend or she’s not interested in dating at the moment feel free to keep things friendly. Offer to add her on your preferred social media platform in the hopes that your paths will cross again.  Don't be discouraged if your plan doesn't work. The more times you try asking for a girl's number, the more likely you'll be to get a positive response.


Немедленно прекратит тренировку в случае головокружения или затрудненного дыхания. Расслабьтесь и успокойте дыхание. Записывайте приступы в дневник. Перечислите симптомы. Сделайте аллергические пробы. Работайте с врачом.

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Generalized itching, especially on your legs, may be a sign of a more serious disorder known as exercise-induced anaphylaxis. The disorder is rare, but can be fatal. If you stop exercising after the onset of symptoms, in most cases you should be able to recover without requiring immediate medical attention. However, you should still see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment if you suspect that you might have this condition.  Symptoms to watch for include lightheadedness, sudden loss of muscle control, a tightness or constricted feeling in your throat, and difficulty swallowing or breathing. Your symptoms may be relatively mild, to the point you can comfortably ignore them and continue your exercise. If they increase in severity, however, you should stop running. With mild symptoms, it's possible they will improve if you slow down and take a break, and you may be able to resume your run without any problems. If symptoms require you to stop running, move to a protected area and set upright. Practice deep breathing and relax your muscles. In time, you should start to feel better.  Breathe in slowly through your nose, exhaling through your mouth. When your breathing feels regular, try to drink some water. Keep in mind symptoms may continue for hours after they began. If your symptoms seem to get worse even after you've stopped exercise, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Don't continue to run if you manage to stabilize and your symptoms seem to go away. You might try walking, but if you start running again so soon after an episode, the symptoms could quickly return with increased severity. Your doctor will need to know everything possible about your episodes, including everything you do in the hours leading up to your run. The more information your doctor has, the better able they will be to identify potential causes of your reaction.  Document where you run, the time of day, the weather (if you're running outside), and how long you had been running when you noticed the first symptom. Take your pulse,...


Немедленно прекратите интрижку раз и навсегда. Примите полную ответственность за свои действия. Искренне попросите прощения у супруга(-и) Выслушайте Признайте чувства партнера по поводу интрижки и посчитайте их обоснованными. Открыто и честно ответьте на любые вопросы.

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As soon as your spouse discovers the affair (or, preferably, beforehand), end your relationship with the other party. Let the other person know in clear terms that the relationship is over, and cut off all contact with them if possible. Let your spouse know that you have ended the affair or tell them that you plan to do so immediately. Ideally, you should decide to end the affair and tell your spouse what happened before they discover the affair on their own. Waiting for your spouse to catch you cheating and confront you about it may make it harder to repair the damage. Don't try to lie, fudge the truth, or justify your actions. Explain to your spouse what happened briefly but clearly, and acknowledge that you are responsible for the choices you made.  For example, you might say, “I've been having an affair with my friend Susan for the past 6 months. I lied to you and said that I was staying out late for work meetings, but I was really meeting up with her every week after work.” Don't blame your spouse or the other party in the affair for what happened. You might have felt like you had good reasons for having an affair, but it's important to recognize that you have control over your own actions. to your spouse. As soon as you've confessed to the affair, offer a sincere and straightforward apology for your actions. Don't qualify with your apology with excuses or justifications, and don't make the apology conditional (e.g., “I'm sorry. If you'll just forgive me, I promise I'll never do it again!”). Simply say that you are sorry for what you've done.  For example, you could say, “I'm so sorry about what I did, and I feel terrible about hurting you and damaging our relationship like this. I just want you to know that I love you and I'm willing to do whatever it takes to try to rebuild our marriage.” Don't add qualifications that excuse your actions or place any blame on your partner. For example, avoid saying things like, “I'm sorry, but I wouldn't have done it if you made an effort to spend more time with me.”...


Немедленно приступайте к поискам. Возьмите с собой фонарик. Попытайтесь тихонько подозвать кошку к себе. Регулярно делайте остановки и прислушивайтесь. Держите подальше других животных. Возьмите с собой любимую игрушку кошки. Позовите друзей и соседей на помощь в поисках. Опрашивайте случайных прохожих и обращайтесь к ним за помощью. Попробуйте повторно поискать кошку после заката. Установите вокруг дома цифровые видеокамеры, срабатывающие по датчику движения. Не прекращайте поисков.

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If you conduct an extensive search immediately, there's a good chance you'll find the cat near to where it was last seen. The more time has passed increases the opportunity for the cat to roam further from home.  Stay calm. It is natural to feel upset, but getting into a panic won't help you or your cat. Taking action immediately can mitigate anxiety. If you recently moved, go back to your old place and search. If you moved really far from your original home, ask friends, family, and old neighbors who are still living there to search for you.  Check any spaces where a cat could hide. This means inside sheds, garages, beneath decking, in bushes, up trees or on the roof. Even in daylight, bring a flashlight so you can look in dark places, and catch the reflection of your cat's eyes. Don't assume your cat will respond to your voice as it normally does. A missing cat is usually a terrified cat, and may not want to leave its hiding spot even for you. Call for it in a soft, quiet voice, to avoid scaring the cat further. A cat that is trapped may possibly meow. Whether you're searching by yourself or with a group, take a few minutes in every area you search to listen quietly and attentively for a meow. Another cat in the area could have chased your cat away, especially if that cat or you have recently moved there. Ask other cat owners to keep their pets inside while you look for yours, and be prepared to increase the scope of your search as you cover the ground closest to home. If you have dogs, their enthusiasm may frighten your cat during the search. However, if your dog loves the cat and the feeling is mutual it may be useful to bring the dog on a search. If your cat has a favorite toy on a string or wand, like a stuffed mouse or feather, take it with you while you search and make it very visible, like you want the cat to play with you; this may allay fears and bring the cat out of hiding. Warn anyone searching that if they do spot the cat, remain quiet and do not chase! It's best for the owner to approach the...


Немедленно промойте изделие. Постирайте предмет в стиральной машинке. Тщательно высушите предмет, прежде чем надеть его. Постирайте и высушите нижнее белье вручную.

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Hold the garment under a stream of warm water to wash away the saturated dye. Gradually decrease the temperature of the water so that it cools the garment in stages. Continue rinsing with cold water until it runs clear. Going from warm to cool water will help the color set after the loose dye has been rinsed out. Wash freshly-dyed apparel on a low heat setting with a mild detergent. Throw an old towel in to soak up any dye that happens to run. For the first few washings, separate different colored items to prevent bleeding and color-mixing.  Some materials may fade a little following a few washings.  Consider using color-preserving detergents and fabric softeners to maintain the appearance of your dyed clothing. The heat from the dryer will reset the fabric, locking in the new color. Like you did while washing, make sure you keep an old towel with the item in case of minor bleeding. After an initial washing and drying, you can begin laundering dyed clothing as usual. Once the item comes out of the dryer, it will be ready to wear! Whisk less sturdy materials like wool, silk, and lace through a sinkful of clean, warm water. Mix in a small amount of detergent to clean and restore the fabric. Press out the excess water gently, then hang each garment separately and allow them to air dry.  It may take as long as 24 hours for hand-washed clothing to dry completely. Position a bucket or old towel beneath your dyed delicates as they dry to catch stray drips.


Немедленно промойте пораженную область. Используйте холодный компресс. Используйте лосьон с каламином или крем с гидрокортизоном. Примите антигистаминный препарат. При необходимости, обратитесь к врачу. Тщательно вымойте садовые инструменты и постирайте одежду.

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Within 15 minutes of coming into contact with poison ivy, wash the affected area of skin with warm water and mild soap.  The plant oil enters the skin quickly, so you should wash the area as quickly as possible to reduce the severity of the rash. Use a brush to scrub under the fingernails. Otherwise, plant oil trapped under your nails can spread to other parts of your body. Remove any clothing that came into contact with the poison ivy plant. Change into fresh clothes after washing the area. If you suspect that your pet came into contact with the plant, you should immediately bathe the animal to remove poison ivy oil from its fur. The rash can cause discomfort and sweating, but sweat and body heat can make the itching worse. Apply a cool compress to soothe the itching and keep yourself cool. You should also wear loose, light clothing to prevent yourself from becoming too warm. Gently rub a thin layer of either product over the poison ivy rash as needed.  Calamine lotion and hydrocortisone cream can both reduce itching and blistering. Follow the label instructions concerning how much to apply and how often. An over-the-counter antihistamine medication may be used if lotions and creams are unable to soothe or stop the itching.  The itchy rash produced after coming into contact with poison ivy is actually the result of an allergic reaction that most people have to the poison ivy plant. Antihistamines are used to treat allergies, so they often have an effect against allergy-related rashes like this. Always follow the instructions on the label of the antihistamine concerning dosage. If the rash is especially bad and does not respond to home remedies, contact your health care provider. In severe cases, a doctor will usually prescribe steroids. These may be administered by injection or in capsule form. Any clothing worn when you came into contact with the poison ivy must be washed to prevent the oil from spreading. Likewise, all tools used when treating yourself for a poison ivy rash must also be washed.  Wash...


Немедленно смочите смолу холодной водой. Обратитесь в пункт неотложной медицинской помощи. Снимите с пораженной кожи одежду и украшения. Не пытайтесь отодрать смолу от кожи.

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Place the skin covered in tar under cold, running water. For larger areas of the skin, take a cold shower. Keep the tarred skin in or under the water for at least 20 minutes. This can stop the tar from burning your skin while you determine if you need immediate medical attention or can remove the tar at home. Avoid using very cold water or ice on the tar until you determine your course of action. Although rare, tar can burn your skin and damage the skin underneath it. Seeing a doctor can ensure proper treatment of burns or other skin damage due to tar, minimize your pain and discomfort, and help your skin heal optimally. Seek immediate medical attention if:  the tar is hot even after running cool water over it the tar feels like it is burning you the tar covers a large area of skin or your body the tar is near or in your eyes Take off any clothing or fabric that covers the tarred skin. This can further dissipate heat and minimize burning, damage, or other discomfort. Avoid pulling off clothing or other items that have stuck to the skin to prevent further damage. If you cannot remove the clothing, seek prompt medical attention. Keep your fingers from picking at the tar until it cools completely on your skin. Allowing the tar to cool fully before you remove it can minimize the risk of damage to the skin underneath and ensure that it heals properly.


Немедленно сообщайте о кадровых изменениях. Сообщайте о новых сотрудниках и приглашениях на работу. Посещайте слушания по обжалованию. Регистрируйте налоги быстро и точно.

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When you let an employee go, it’s important that you file this change with your state’s Division of Unemployment Insurance quickly and accurately. This will minimize the risk of anything going wrong if the former employee files for unemployment benefits. Any time you hire or rehire an employee, it’s important to complete all necessary paperwork in your state. This will help minimize the chance of paying unemployment benefits to a person who’s actually ineligible to receive them. If you appeal a determination to award unemployment benefits to a former employee, you must participate in the hearing. If you file an appeal but fail to appear in court, benefits will be awarded to the employee. Failure to file and pay all wage reports and taxes may end up increasing your federal unemployment insurance liability. To avoid this, and to ensure that a former employee’s eligibility for benefits are processed properly, be sure you file and pay your taxes quickly and accurately.


Немного вздремните вечером или ночью. Не забудьте включить яркий свет. Постоянно чем-то занимайтесь и двигайтесь. Охладите помещение.

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Okay, this isn’t exactly staying up all night, but taking a nap for even a few minutes can improve performance and minimize signs of sleepiness. Even a little shut eye can help you stay up for the rest of the night.  One study found that people did better with just a 26-minute nap. So shut your eyes for just a little bit, and you should find it easier to make it through the entire night and next day. The key here is to take a short nap because otherwise you could end up in a deep sleep, which is very hard to wake out of. You could also sleep a little bit longer the night before you know you will be up all night. The body will “bank” the sleep, and it will be easier to get through the stretch of sleeplessness without it. Your body clock is actually aware of changes in light and darkness, and you will feel more awake in the light. The body clock is linked physically to the eyes.  If you’re super tired the next day, go outside. The sunlight will also function to wake your body up more. The darkness causes the body to produce melatonin, which is the sleep hormone. People’s instinct is often to turn down the lights at night, but that’s probably going to make you more sleepy as the body perceives it’s time to call it a night. Turning the lights higher than normal will trick the body. The brain is going to be more alert after you move a bit. If you don’t have time to exercise, you could just engage in a conversation, wash the dishes – do something to focus your body on a new action for a time.  Changing an activity also might wake the body up more. The body will become more alert to compensate for the new activity. The body feels less tired when you’re busy because it will focus on the task instead of the lack of sleep. Mental activities also may help you stay awake by keeping your focus on something other than the fact you're tired. So try playing a game. Some mental activities, like reading a book, may make you more sleepy, though, especially if you do them while lying down. You could listen to a talking radio...


Немного выставьте вперед нижнюю губу. Слегка опустите голову. Создайте правильный взгляд. Постарайтесь всем телом передать свое огорчение. Освойте печальный голос.

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The extend to which you extend it will depend on how dramatic you want your sad pout to look. Be aware that it will come off looking fake (and not as attractive) if you overdo it.  You should feel your chin wrinkle slightly as you do this. Your mouth should be closed for a sad pout, unlike for a seductive pout. If you're able to, you may want to quiver your lower lip, which will make you look like you're about to cry. This shows that you are feeling vulnerable or submissive. Make eye contact with the person you are talking to, but don't raise your head. Your eyes should be peering up at him. The more eye contact you make, the more flirtatious you will appear, so be cautious is you want to look genuinely sad. If you're trying to be sad in a flirtatious or playful way, you can bat your eyelashes. Don't do this if you want to look genuinely sad. When you are sad, you can see the emotion in your whole body, not just your face. Try slouching your shoulders a little and loosely crossing your arms in front of you. This will let the other person know that you are hurt and trying to protect yourself. You may also consider fidgeting or nervously moving your hands. To sound sad, try talking in very quiet voice and a monotonous tone. Keep your sentences short and to the point. To take your sad voice a step further, try to make your voice tremble, as if you're fighting back tears.


Немного измените основной расчет EPS, чтобы найти к взвешенную прибыль на одну акцию. Найдите дивиденды компании по привилегированным акциям . Возьмите чистую прибыль компании и вычтете дивиденды по привилегированным акциям. Разделите разницу на среднее число акций в обращении.

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Weighted EPS is a more accurate calculation because it takes into account any dividends that the company issues to shareholders. However, this formula is more complex than the basic earnings per share calculation or the reporting term, so it is not used quite as often even though it is more accurate. A dividend is an amount of money paid out to stockholders — often quarterly — from the company's profit. For the sake of example, let's take Apple as the company we're trying to arrive at a calculation for. In 2012, Apple announced that it would pay a $2.5 billion dividend quarterly, starting in Q3. That amounts to roughly $5 billion in dividends over the course of the year. Using Apple as an example, a quick search reveals that in 2012, Apple recorded $41.73 billion in net income. Subtract $5 billion from 41.73 to arrive at $36.73 billion. Apple's net income minus their dividend in 2012 was $36.73 billion. Divide this amount by the amount of shares outstanding, 934.82 million, to arrive at a weighted EPS of roughly 39.29.


Немного наклонитесь вперед и поцелуйте ее. Попробуйте французский поцелуй. Напоследок поцелуйте ее еще раз. Уважайте ее границы.

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Make sure you are gentle and move slowly, closing your eyes as you go in for the kiss. Move in at a slight angle. If you move in with your face upright, you'll bump noses with her and your lips won't meet. This can be awkward!  Don't stick out your lips, but gently press them against hers. Don't try tongue on the first kiss. Tongue is not good on the first kiss, unless she slips you a little tongue. If she does, 'go easy. Don't force it down her throat. Keep your eyes closed while kissing. Otherwise, it's kind of creepy if you're just staring at her while you kiss. Keep it short. The first time you kiss, keep it under ten seconds. If you both end up liking the kiss, you can always continue kissing for longer. If you feel it's the right time, you can move on to the French kiss. Do this only if the girl is ready. If this is your first kiss altogether, not just the first in your room, you may want to hold off on trying that. If you decide to French kiss, move in at an angle, close your eyes, and begin with a couple close-mouth kisses. Kiss her lower or upper lip a couple times.  When you open your mouth to kiss her, slip a little tongue into her mouth and bring it back out. The goal is to touch her tongue, and touch it gently. Don't ram it in there. Take turns meeting her tongue with open-mouth kisses. While French kissing, it's okay to keep your mouth slightly open. Remember to breathe while kissing. It's easy to forget to breathe while kissing. Breathe through your nose quietly and slowly. When the kiss is over, it could be cute to give her a small kiss on the cheek or a hug to end the kiss sweetly. This, however, would not be so cute if the kiss ended in her pushing you away. Keep this in mind when making a move and be respectful of the girl. If she doesn't want to kiss, gently put both your hands on her waist or softly place your hand on one side of her face. If she responds well to this keep going. If she starts to lean away, open her eyes or closes her mouth, then stop what you are doing and move on to a...


Немного о химии. Осознайте, что дело не только в вас. Изучите немного язык любви. Изучите ее позу. Наладьте зрительный контакт. Подарите ей обаятельную улыбку. Обратитесь к биологии. Станьте немного ближе. Поэкспериментируйте с «открытием замка».

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Don’t worry; there won’t be an exam. However, attraction is all about chemistry, and specifically, a group of chemicals called “monoamines.” These chemicals send messages between your brain and your body, and they’re the reason love can literally make your skin tingle or cause you to forget your name when you’re around the woman of your dreams.  Dopamine (where we get the word “dope”) is a “feel-good” neurotransmitter responsible for rewards and motivation, among other things. When you’re around a person you’re attracted to, dopamine is released into your brain, making you enjoy the time you spend together and want more of it.  Norepinephrine, sometimes known as noradrenaline (but not the same as adrenalin) is responsible for sending messages to your central nervous system. It helps decide what is most important to focus on at any given moment. When you lose track of time and end up spending 5 hours on a date with someone you’re into, norepinephrine has decided that the woman you love is more important than any of the other information around you.  Serotonin regulates a host of functions, including mood, sleep, body temperature, and sexual desire. When your skin starts to tingle around that special someone, it’s because serotonin has dropped your body temperature, making your skin slightly more conductive of electricity. Pretty magical stuff. Humans may also emit pheromones like other animals do, although scientists aren’t exactly sure if they work the same way. You can’t consciously smell pheromones, but your body picks up on others’, deciding what it thinks is attractive and what isn’t. Because so much is down to how chemicals interact in each person’s body, don’t take it personally if the woman you’re interested in doesn’t return your interest. It probably has nothing to do with you as a person. Studies show that your brain decides what’s attractive in as little as one second, and it’s not really within your control. Research has even shown that taking hormonal contraceptives can change a woman’s “type” at...


Немного опустите сиденье, чтобы ребенок мог отталкиваться ногами от земли. Поддерживайте ребенка, а не велосипед, но не перестарайтесь. Предложите ребенку отталкиваться ногами и катиться с вашей осторожной поддержкой. Учите ребенка смотреть вперед, а не вниз. Установите педали и отрегулируйте высоту сидения.

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For typical riding, you want the seat high enough that their legs are straight when their feet are flat on the ground. For pedal-less training, though, their knees should be slightly bent when their feet are flat. You’ll usually use a wrench to loosen the seat for adjusting, but your bike may come with a quick-release seat latch instead. Lay your hand(s) on their shoulders, back, or neck without gripping tightly. If they need a bit more support, place your hands beneath their armpits.  Your goal is to steady them, not hold them upright or push them forward. Support them instead of holding onto the bike’s handlebars or seat. Instruct them to use both feet to propel themselves forward. They’ll probably be very wobbly at first, so guide their body in a balanced position. Let them manage the handlebars so they can get used to controlling them while moving.  Catch them and guide them down whenever they start to fall, instead of holding them upright. Otherwise, you are simply replacing what training wheels do. Once they get the hang of coasting, tell them to use their feet to stop when they begin to slow down. Their instinct will probably be to look down at their handlebars or front wheel, and possibly even the pedals later on. Practice having them look out ahead as they coast forward. If you have a second person available, have them stand several feet/meters in front of the bike and back up as the kid coasts forward. Tell the child to watch that person. Once the child is able to coast in a balanced position for as far as their foot-on-ground power will propel them, they’re ready for pedaling. Put the pedals back on as per the bike’s instructions, and raise the seat so that they are flat-footed and straight-legged when straddling it.