Обработайте раны. Позвоните в соответствующие органы. Обратитесь к врачу.

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If you are bitten, be sure to take care of any wounds promptly, as even minor bites can cause infection. Perform basic first aid procedures for bites suffered from a dog attack:  Apply gentle pressure to stop minor bleeding.  Use a clean cloth or sterile gauze pad.  If bleeding is serious or if it won't stop after several minutes of applying pressure, seek professional medical attention. Wash the wound thoroughly. Use warm water and soap to gently cleanse the wound. Dress the wound. Use a sterile band-aid (for very small cuts) or sterile bandages for larger lacerations. Look closely for signs of infection, including redness, warmth, increasing tenderness, or oozing pus. See a doctor if any of these symptoms arise. It's important to determine whether an attacking dog has rabies or a history of aggression. Call the authorities immediately after a dog attack so that the dog can be prevented from harming anyone else and be tested for diseases.  If the dog that attacked you was a stray, he may attack others, too.  Removing him from the area is the best way to ensure the safety of yourself and others. For dogs with owners nearby, how you handle the situation after the attack has been diffused is up to you. If you've been hurt, you may want to take legal action. Many states have laws holding owners responsible for the actions of their dogs. If you were bitten by an unknown dog, a dog that was later found to have rabies, or a dog that appeared to be foaming at the mouth, it's imperative that you see a doctor right away to get preventative treatment for the deadly disease rabies.  The rabies shot sequence, if it is necessary, should be started as soon as possible after the bite. Most European countries are considered to be “rabies-free,” so a shot is not likely to be necessary in the event of an attack that takes place in Europe. If you haven't had a tetanus shot in the past 5 years, you may require additional preventative tetanus treatments. In general, any significant wounds from a dog attack should be examined by a...


Обработайте сталь химическим обезжиривающим средством. Подождите, пока сталь высохнет. Протрите старую оцинкованную сталь, чтобы убрать белую ржавчину. Протрите сталь белым уксусом. Оставьте изделие на 1–2 часа.

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Spray the surface with the solution, then scrub it with a clean, lint-free cloth. A powerful degreaser will cut through dirt, grime, mold, and other problematic residue without affecting the temperamental zinc coating. Proceed in small sections until you’ve cleaned the entire surface.  Common household products like Comet, mineral spirits, and chlorine bleach can all be used to prepare galvanized steel for painting. If you’re attempting to paint siding panels, roof flashing, or other materials that have seen exposure to the elements, a thorough cleaning is necessary to eliminate any organic contaminants from the outer surface. Once you’ve finished cleaning the steel, let it rest until all traces of the degreaser have evaporated. That way, you won’t have to worry about the solution interfering with the action of the vinegar, which you’ll be using to rough up the smooth steel. If possible, do your prepping and painting indoors, or on a clear day when there’s little moisture in the environment. When working with an item that’s seen some wear, you may noticed a chalky or powdery film on parts of the surface. This can easily be buffed out with a high-grit sandpaper (120-grit or finer is preferable) and a little patience. Sand the steel using gentle circular motions until the exterior takes on a uniform appearance.  Afterwards, wipe the surface with a cloth dampened with warm water to remove any lingering dust. This chalky substance is commonly known as “white rust.” It forms when the thin layer of zinc coating the steel begins to break down as a result of age or exposure to the elements. Wet a clean, dry cloth with distilled white vinegar and wring out the excess liquid. Go over the galvanized steel thoroughly, applying more vinegar as needed. To ensure an even paint job, it’s important that it come into contact with every part of the exterior.  The acid in the vinegar will gently etch the slick zinc-coated finish, giving it a rougher texture that will allow paint to stick better. If you happen to miss a spot, you...


Обработайте стены инсектицидом, чтобы сдержать клещей. Рассыпьте тальк, диатомит или пищевую соду возле точек входа. Перекопайте землю вокруг дома, чтобы лишить клещей источника пищи. Посадите растения, которые не привлекают клеверных клещей.

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Spray a barrier of exterior control insecticide around the perimeter of your house that is at least 2 ft (61 cm) high. You may need to apply the insecticide multiple times to get the infestation under control.  For the best results, try to apply your insecticide in the early morning or evening. You can find mite-killing insecticides like permethrin, cyfluthrin, malathion, tralomethrin, tetramethrin, and chlorpyrifos online and at big-box stores. Clover mites can get into your house using windows, doors, and foundation cracks. To prevent this, sprinkle a powdered substance such as talc, diatomaceous earth, or baking soda into and around these potential entrances. The powder cakes onto the clover mites, making it difficult for them to move and find food. If the clover mites won’t go away, dig up any grass, weeds, and foliage located within 24 in (61 cm) of your house. Clover mites need plant material to survive, and by removing it from the area around your home, you reduce the likelihood of further infestation.  Cover these areas with a mite-repellant material like mulch or gravel to discourage the growth of weeds. If you choose to replant in the areas you’ve dug up, avoid plants that could attract clover mites, such as clover, dandelion, shepherd’s purse, daffodil, strawberry, salvia, alyssum, or primrose. If clover mites keep coming back to your house, you may need to replace your current foliage with flowers and shrubs the mites aren’t interested in eating. Some plants clover mites are not attracted to include:  Roses Geraniums Chrysanthemums Yews Junipers Spruces Arborvitaes


Обработайте унитаз пищевой содой. Выждите 1 час (или дольше). Опрыскайте пищевую соду уксусом. Ершиком тщательно протрите круги в унитазе.

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Baking soda is an effective, natural, and non-abrasive cleanser that can safely remove the rings in your toilet. Simply open a box of baking soda, and sprinkle a generous amount around the bowl of your toilet. Allow the baking soda to begin breaking down your hard water stains by giving it some time to sit. Set a timer, and let the baking soda sit for at least 1 hour. While you wait, place some diluted white vinegar in a spray bottle. Used together, vinegar and baking soda create a powerhouse of natural cleansing. Take your spray bottle of vinegar and spray the inside of your toilet bowl. Use only a small amount of vinegar at a time, and add more as needed. Using a toilet brush, vigorously scrub away your rings. If it is left to sit in your toilet system for too long, vinegar can potentially cause damage to your toilet's inner-workings. In order to prevent this, be sure to flush your toilet at least three times after your scrubbing is done.


Обработайте унитаз уксусом. Протрите унитаз. Смочите другую тряпку и еще раз протрите унитаз. Аналогичным способом обработайте пол, трубы и стены вокруг унитаза. Регулярно мойте унитаз и окружающие поверхности.

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Do not dilute the vinegar. Spray all surface areas and crevices of the toilet equally. Then, let the vinegar soak for a few minutes. Using a clean rag or paper towel, wipe down every nook and cranny of the toilet. Get a new, unused rag and wipe the entire toilet again to rinse off any remaining vinegar. This will help remove any traces of urine - which may be harboring an unpleasant scent - not only from the toilet but from the surrounding surfaces. After all, we all know spills sometimes happen! Keeping up your cleaning regimen will help ensure urine stains don't build up on the toilet and, in this way, make your bathroom fresh and clean.


Обработайте яйца для блюд из длинной вермишели. Добавьте натертый сыр в яичную смесь. Подогрейте вермишель в сковороде. Тщательно перемешайте вермишель с добавлением яиц.

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One way of tempering eggs common in Italian cooking is to add raw egg directly to hot pasta to create a rich sauce. Most famously, this is the technique used for making spaghetti carbonara, the simple combination of noodles, egg, pancetta (or bacon), and lots and lots of black pepper. Carbonara is typically made with spaghetti noodles, but also can be made with any noodle you like to eat. Technique-wise, it's sometimes easier to temper the eggs in the pan using longer noodles, which tangle together to create a larger surface and keep the eggs off the bottom of the pan, so they won't scramble. You can do it with any noodle, however. While your pasta cooks, beat about 2 eggs in a bowl and add enough shredded parmesan cheese to double the amount. This can be more than you'd think–around a half cup or so of shredded parmesan. You can use other kinds of cheese, but drier, flakier cheeses like parmesan usually integrate more easily into the egg and melt more quickly than some other kinds. In a carbonara, you'll also add lots and lots of black pepper to the eggs before you add it to the pasta. The pepper is where the dish gets it's name–the pepper grains look like bits of "carbon." For most recipes, you'll fry up some kind of meat, onions, garlic, and spices in a skillet first, then remove the pan from the heat. Cook your pasta separately, then add it to the skillet with the other ingredients. Put the skillet on low heat, stirring the noodles in the meat and vegetables to heat it gently. The goal is to warm the egg on the top side of the pasta before it works through to the bottom of the pan, where it will likely start to curdle. It takes temperature control and good stirring to make it work correctly. Pour the egg over the pasta noodles in the skillet over low heat, using a wooden spoon to stir the noodles around vigorously. Continue agitating the noodles, moving them around constantly. They should cook very quickly, and you want to avoid letting them curdle on the bottom of the skillet. Remove the skillet from the...


Обработка биркенштоков из искусственной кожи отличается от ухода за обувью из других материалов. Удалите все загрязнения. Вымойте обувь. Дайте обуви обсохнуть.

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Not all Birkenstocks are made out of leather and suede. Birkenstocks often launches different shoes made of synthetic materials that aren't leather. This would include EVA Malibu, Waikiki sandals, or any other shoe made with polyurethane. The cleaning process is simple for this material. Before cleaning with water or soap, you should remove any dirt that can be scrubbed off. Use a stiff bristle brush to remove any excess dirt from the shoe. You might be able to remove all marks off of the shoes with a damp cloth. For stubborn stains add a small drop of fragrance-free soap. Rub cloth and soap onto any stains on the shoe. Lay the shoes out in a dry area, away from any direct sunlight. Let them dry completely prior to wearing or else the shoes might become disfigured.


Образование. Здоровье. Внешний вид. Полюбите себя. Будьте хорошим и надежным другом.

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Many couples meet in college or graduate school. It's a place where people have things in common, spend time near one another, and get a sense of one another as workers and friends. If you've already gone to school, or are unable to return, try taking extension classes in subjects that interest you: cooking, foreign languages, dance, or business. Not only is school an excellent place to meet a potential mate, but getting an education can increase the longevity of your future relationship. Couples with college education have lower divorce rates than their less-educated peers. Your mental and physical health influence who is willing to date you, and for how long. Get regular exercise and a full night's sleep each night. Eat regular meals, healthy snacks, and avoid soda and refined sugar. Visit the doctor regularly. Take particular care of your mental health. If you are too shy, depressed, anxious, or insecure to date, visit a therapist. To attract a partner, look your best. Be clean. Shower often, but use shampoo no more than three times a week. Brush your teeth and floss after eating, so that your breath is fresh and your teeth look healthy.  Dress to suit yourself. Fashion choices are going to vary widely depending on your tastes, but in general, wear clothing that fits your body, is clean, and is not very worn out.  Wear the colors that flatter you, or wear black and neutrals if you can't figure out what your colors are. You won't find someone who loves you if you are unloving of yourself. Pursue the things you want in life: a job you like, friends who treat you well, hobbies you enjoy, and good communication with your family. Take care of your emotional, physical, and financial wellbeing. Treating yourself well demonstrates emotional stability, an extremely attractive characteristic. Friends are the mostly likely people to introduce you to your life partner. They are also the people who will help you through the rough cycles of dating, who will support you when you find someone you like, and who will be...


Обратите внимание на абсцесс или волдырь. Научитесь различать волдыри от МРЗС и укусы насекомых. Обратите внимание на высокую температуру. Будьте готовы к симптомам сепсиса. Не игнорируйте испытываемые симптомы.

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The first symptom of MRSA is a raised, pus-filled abscess or boil that's firm to the touch and feels warm. This red blemish may have a “head” like a pimple, and can range in size from 2 to 6 centimeter (0.79 to 2.4 in) or larger. It can appear anywhere on the body, and will be extremely tender. For example, if it's on the buttocks, you likely won't be able to sit from the pain. A skin infection without a boil is less likely to be MRSA, but should still be checked by a doctor. More likely, you need to be treated for a Streptococcus infection or susceptible staph aureus. The early abscess or boil can look incredibly similar to a simple spider bite. One study showed that 30% of Americans who reported a spider bite were found to actually have MRSA. Especially if you're aware of a MRSA outbreak in your area, err on the side of caution and get tested by a medical professional.  In Los Angeles, MRSA outbreaks were so high the public health department raised billboards showing a picture of a MRSA abscess with the text “This is not a spider bite.” Patients didn’t take their antibiotics, believing their doctors were wrong and had misdiagnosed spider bites. Be vigilant for MRSA, and always follow medical advice. Though not all patients get a fever, you may get one greater than 100.4°F (38°C). This can be accompanied by chills and nausea. "Systemic toxicity" is rare, but possible if the MRSA infection is in the skin and soft tissue. While in most cases, patients can bide their time and wait for test results to confirm MRSA, sepsis is life threatening and needs immediate treatment. Symptoms include:  Body temperature over 101.3°F (38.5°C) or below 95°F (35°C) Heart rate faster than 90 beats per minute Rapid breathing Swelling (edema) anywhere on the body Altered mental state (disorientation or unconsciousness, for example) In some cases, MRSA might resolve on its own without treatment. The boil may burst on its own, and your immune system may fight off the infection; however, MRSA can be more serious in people with weak...


Обратите внимание на активность кошки. Обратите внимание на то, является ли кошка ласковой. Прислушайтесь к их отличительному мяуканью.

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Bengal cats are descendants of wild Asian leopards, so it is in their nature to be active and energetic. They have a penchant for playing and exerting large amounts of energy. Bengals spend more time playing and less time napping than many other breeds of domestic cats. If your cat seems quite docile or lethargic, it is unlikely that the cat is a Bengal. Despite their wild ancestry and feral appearance, Bengal cats are very affectionate towards humans – especially their owners. They love to cuddle and play with their family members and spend much of their time engaging with humans. A Bengal cat will not be reclusive or aloof. It will spend most of its time around the humans and other animals of the household. Bengal cats are quite vocal and loud, more than many other breeds of cats. They regularly communicate with their owners about what they want and how they feel. They will not hesitate to let their owner know if their litterbox needs cleaning or if they want more food. Even though Bengals express themselves often, their meow is actually more of a gruff little bark sound than an actual loud meow.


Обратите внимание на аллергические реакции. Оцените ощущения в глазу. Посмотрите на глаза. Факторы риска. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом. Пройдите обследование.

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Eye mites carry bacteria that can cause infection, especially if you have rosacea. If you have rosacea, pay attention to any changes in your eyes. Signs of an allergic reaction include:  Watery eyes Eyes that hurt Red eyes Swollen eyes Most people know when they have an eyelash in their eye because it feels like something is in your eye. Eye mites can also make you feel like a foreign body is in your eye. Your eyelids may also feel itchy and you might experience a burning sensation in your eyes. You should also consider if your vision has changed. If your eyesight becomes blurry, you may have eye mites. Unfortunately, you won't be able to look at your eyelashes and eyelids and tell if you have eye mites. They're so small that they can only be seen under magnification. But, you may notice your eyelids become thicker or crusty if you have eye mites. And, you might lose eyelashes if you have mites. Your eyelid can also look red if you have eye mites, especially along the margin or edge. The risk of eye mites increases as you age. Some studies estimate that over 80% of people over the age of 60 have eye mites and that these tiny creatures may are present on many children too. People with the skin disorder rosacea often have eye mites. Eye mites are just as common in men as in women with a similar distribution worldwide regardless of race. If you experience any of these symptoms, you might have eye mites. Unfortunately, they're so small that you can't tell if you have them just by looking at your eyes. And, since many of these symptoms could be caused by other eye problems, you'll have to go to the doctor to know if you have eye mites. You can also ask your eye doctor to make an eye mites diagnosis or check your eyes for another eye condition that could be causing your symptoms. Your doctor will have you sit at a slit-lamp. If you've ever had your eyes checked, the eye doctor used a slit-lamp. You sit with your chin and forehead on a support while a bright light and microscope examine the front of your eye. The...


Обратите внимание на аномальный зуд в ухе (прурит). Обратите внимание на боль в ухе (оталгия). Проверьте, нет ли выделений из уха (оторея). Проверьте, не ухудшился ли у вас слух.

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It is fairly normal for your ears to itch. The hundreds of little hairs on and in your ear can be tickled easily. If your ear itches constantly and scratching/rubbing doesn’t satiate your problem, you might have a fungal infection. This is the primary way to identify an ear infection caused by fungus. You’ll almost always experience ear pain in one ear — not both, because the fungal infection is local. Sometimes, sufferers describe this as “pressure” or “fullness.” The pain can be mild or severe. The pain usually intensifies the more you touch your ear. Fungal ear discharge is usually thick and can be clear, white, yellow, and sometimes bloody/foul-smelling. Do not confuse this with normal waxy buildup. Take a Q-Tip and swab your ear (being careful not to insert the tip into your ear canal). There will be a normal level of waxy buildup, but if either the amount or color seems off, you may have a fungal infection in your ear. A fungal ear infection may present itself in the form of muffled speech/sounds, difficulty understanding words, and trouble hearing consonants. Sometimes, people recognize their hearing loss more by a change in behavior. Frustration brews as a result of one’s inability to hear, so said person withdraws from conversations and social settings.


Обратите внимание на белые или желтые пятна под ногтями. Проверьте, не исходит ли от ногтя неприятный запах. Проверьте, не заражены ли другие ногти. Не мешкайте с походом в больницу, если почувствуете боль или ногти начнут слазить.

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This is the first sign of a fungal infection. It may appear under the tip of your nail. As the infection takes hold, the discoloration will spread and your nail will become thicker and crumbly on the sides.  Your nail may also be distorted in shape. An infected nail may look dull. Debris may appear under your nail, giving it a dark appearance. An unpleasant odor doesn't always accompany a fungal infection. If you show other signs of infection but no smell, don't assume that means you're in the clear. Nail fungus spreads easily. You may find that more than one (but usually not all) of your nails are also infected. If you see discoloration on a few of your nails, it is another sign you are dealing with nail fungus. These are clear symptoms of an infection, and it is probably pretty advanced. Ignoring the infection may affect your ability to walk and allow it to spread to other nails or the skin around your nails.


Обратите внимание на блестящую черную шерсть. Взгляните на золотые или медные глаза. Обратите внимание на закругленные черты кошки. Обратите внимание на мускулистое, но не плотное телосложение кошки. Взгляните на отличительную манеру ходьбы.

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One of the main characteristics of a Bombay cat is its black fur, which should be glossy and short. The goal of the original breeder was to create a cat that looked like a miniature panther, hence the fur color. Another defining characteristic of the breed is its eyes. It was specifically bred to have gold or copper eyes, so if the cat you're looking at doesn't have that characteristic, it's not a purebred Bombay. Bombays tend to have rounded edges. That is, they have a rounded head with a short nose. This trend continues throughout the cat's body, with rounded eyes, ears, and feet, as well as a rounded tail. Bombay cats tend to be medium to large cats. They range in weight from six to over twelve pounds, and the males are larger than the females. While they aren't as stocky as the Burmese, they are still very muscular, strongly built cats. Bombays tend to feel heavier than they appear. Bombays generally walk in a certain way. It's a kind of swishing, swaying walk. Interestingly, it mimics the walk of a panther, the large cat the Bombay was bred to look like.


Обратите внимание на более серьезную реакцию. Спросите врача о креме с кортикостероидами для местного применения. Попробуйте принимать кортизон в таблетках или делать инъекции. Сдайте пробы на аллергены.

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If you are having a reaction that goes beyond mere skin irritation, you should go to a doctor right away.  Some indications that you may need medical intervention include:  The rash covers a large portion of your body The rash gets worse, rather than better, with time and home treatments The rash lasts longer than 1-2 weeks You show signs of infection, including increased redness or pain, swelling, and drainage of pus Corticosteroids are a group of medications that help treat a variety of ailments. Derived from the natural corticoid hormone found in the adrenal glands, corticosteroids have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body and this makes them excellent at combating allergic responses. Corticosteroid creams, generally used to treat skin rashes, are a variety of topical steroid creams applied directly to the affected skin. Ask your doctor which corticosteroid cream might be right for you.  Only apply the cream to the area affected by the skin rash, and only as often as and where your doctor instructs you to apply it. Once or twice a day is usually all that is necessary. Apply the cream sparingly and ask your doctor approximately how much you should use. When side effects do occur, which they rarely do, it is generally from incorrect use. Many people are wary of corticosteroid creams because of the steroid factor, but this fear is mostly unfounded. Topical steroids are very safe when used correctly, and as they are not intended for longterm use the kind of dependency associated with other kinds of steroid use is uncommon. In rare cases, if your skin doesn’t respond to corticosteroid creams, your doctor might give you a pill or cortisone injection to help reduce the reaction. If your doctor prescribes an oral corticosteroid, you should take as directed.  If you take blood thinners or dietary supplements that have a blood-thinning effect, your doctor might recommend avoiding such medications before the injection.  When you receive your injection, you may have to change into a hospital gown depending on where...


Обратите внимание на более толстые, прочные стебли с меньшим количеством листьев, что характерно для мужских растений. Регулярно осматривайте растения с июля до сентября, чтобы определить их пол. Найдите цветки на мужских растениях, осмотрев их узлы. Учтите, что встречаются растения-гермафродиты (обоих полов), и с ними следует обращаться как с мужскими растениями. Если вам не нужны семена, выбросьте мужские растения или переместите их в другое место.

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A male plant, compared to a female plant of the same strain, generally has a thicker stalk. That is because it gets taller than female plants and needs to be able to support the weight. They also have fewer leaves than female plants. If male plants are allowed to pollinate, they will severely lower the potential crop of your female plants. That's because, once fertilized, female plants spend energy producing seeds instead of THC, leading to a smaller harvest. If you are growing indoors you will likely be visiting your plants regularly, so the following checks should be easy to do.  You need to check every plant to determine if it is male or female, as one rogue male can wreck your harvest. In general, male plants show their sex 7-10 days (indoor) or 3 weeks (outdoor) before female plants. The little balls that grow on the joints of the stalk (where the other branches meet the main stalk) are the main indicators of male plants. These flowers release pollen and need to be removed for a better crop.  If you're trying to create new plants or reproduce, you need to leave these balls undisturbed. Female plants will have these bulbs too, but will also have long, translucent hairs on them. If you only see 1-2 on a plant, wait and see if more develop before cutting them. Marijuana plants can grow both sex organs. If you see any of the tell-tale male buds, you should trim them like you would a normal male plant. They will still release pollen that can ruin your crop. "Hermies" are generally undesirable plants, and they can ruin a small crop with their pollen if you're not careful. Once you've determined a plan is male, you need to get rid of it or it will ruin your crop. Do not try and remove the buds by hand, as missing even a few will significantly decrease your crop. While most growers simply throw the plants out, a few keep them around for breeding purposes. If you do, put them in a separate room from the females, and make sure you don't track pollen in from the male room to the female room on your clothes or hands.


Обратите внимание на боли в области поясницы, живота или таза. Обратите внимание на боль в горле. Присмотритесь к тошноте и повышенной температуре.

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These aches, also known as reactive arthritis, can indicate that a chlamydia infection. Approximately one percent of men with urethritis will develop reactive arthritis, and approximately one-third of these patients have the complete reactive arthritis triad (RAT) formerly referred to as Reiter syndrome (arthritis, uveitis, and urethritis). Scrotal pain and swelling is the most common. If left untreated, as the chlamydia progresses, you will have a feeling of fullness in your abdomen, caused by infection in the epididymus, that leads to these other lower body aches. If you recently engaged in oral sex and have a sore throat, you could have contracted chlamydia from your partner this way, even if he wasn’t showing any symptoms. Transmission of chlamydia is possible from penis-to-mouth, as well as through vaginal and anal sex. Men with chlamydia may develop a fever and become nauseated, especially if the infection has spread to the ureters. A fever is generally anything higher than 37.3C or 99F.


Обратите внимание на боль в мошонке, которая ощущается с одной стороны. Посмотрите, нет ли в области больного яичка отека или покраснения. Обратите внимание на симптомы при мочеиспускании. Присмотритесь к выделениям из мочеиспускательного канала. Измерьте температуру тела, чтобы определить, нет ли у вас жара. Следите за продолжительностью симптомов.

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With epididymitis, pain usually starts on one side, rather than both at the same time. Over time, it may slowly expand to both sides. Typically, you'll notice pain on the underside of your testicle first, though it will spread to the whole testicle.  The type of pain differs depending on how long the epididymis has been inflamed; it may be a sharp or burning pain. If pain comes on quickly in both testicles, it's likely not epididymitis. However, you should definitely still be seen by a doctor. The swelling or redness may be on one side only or spread to both sides over time. Your testicle may also feel warm, and you may feel uncomfortable sitting because of the swelling in the testicle.  The testicle will also appear red because of the increased blood flow to the area and become swollen because more fluid is leaking into the infected area. You may also notice a lump on your affected testicle that's filled with fluid. You may find urinating painful with this condition. You may also feel the need to go to the bathroom more often than usual, or that you need to urinate with more urgency.  You may also have blood in your urine.  Often, epididymitis results from an infection that starts in the urethra and then moves up the tube, eventually infecting the epididymus.  Any infection in the urinary tract can irritate the bladder, causing pain. Sometimes, a clear, white or yellowish discharge may appear at the tip of your penis due to the inflammation and infection of the urinary tract. This symptom is more likely if your infection is caused by an STI. Don't worry. Even if it is an STI, it's still likely to be easily treatable. As the inflammation and infection spread throughout the body, fever can occur as a defense mechanism. Chills may accompany your fever, as well. Fever is your body's way of fighting off infection. Anything over 100°F (38°C) means you need to visit the doctor. Acute epididymitis is characterized by symptoms that have been present for fewer than 6 weeks. Symptoms that stick around for longer than 6...


Обратите внимание на боль в спине. Обратите внимание на эмоциональное состояние. Обратите внимание на вздутие живота. Следите за менструальным циклом. Сделайте тест на беременность, чтобы окончательно убедиться в наступлении беременности или ее отсутствии.

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You certainly can and likely will have backaches later in pregnancy. However, if you are trying to differentiate between early pregnancy and PMS, backaches early on are more likely a symptom of PMS. Though both pregnancy and PMS can cause mood swings, PMS is more likely to be associated with depression. If you are feeling somewhat depressed, that could be a sign you've not implanted. Though you can feel bloated at the beginning of pregnancy, this symptom is more often associated with PMS. Your stomach may feel extra tight with this symptom. While this step may seem obvious, it's one of the most significant signs that you're not pregnant. Try to keep track of when you have your periods by marking them on a calendar, so you know when one should be coming up. That way, you'll know you may be pregnant if you've skipped one. The most effective method to know if you are pregnant or are simply experiencing PMS is to do a home pregnancy test. These kits are easily available at the pharmacy and come with easy-to-follow instructions.  You can take a pregnancy test a couple of days before you normally have your period or when you are trying to decide whether you are having PMS or implantation symptoms. Some pregnancy tests claim they can be accurate that early. However, for a more definitive result, wait until a week after you would normally have your period.  Most times a blood test will detect hormone only a couple of days prior to the early home pregnancy tests. Don't request a blood test just for curiosity, as your insurance is not going to cover that.


Обратите внимание на боль за грудиной. Отметьте, отдается ли боль в другие части тела. Распознайте другие симптомы. Отметьте продолжительность боли. В случае боли присмотритесь к определенным закономерностям.

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The main symptom of angina is chest pain or discomfort, which is usually localized just behind the breastbone, or sternum. Typical descriptions of the type of pain include pressure, squeezing, tightness, and heaviness.  This pain may also result in a difficulty of breathing. Chest heaviness is often described as an elephant sitting on the chest. Some also compare the pain to that of indigestion. The pain may radiate from your chest to your arms, shoulders, jaw, or neck. It may also occur as primary pain in other areas such as your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. Women are statistically more likely than men to experience primary angina pain localized to an area other than the chest, or the chest pain may feel more like stabbing than pressure or tightness. Angina pain is caused by myocardial ischemia, which means reduced blood flow to your heart stops it from receiving enough oxygen. Because of this, you are likely to experience a range of symptoms in addition to the actual angina pain. Generally speaking, women are more likely to experience these additional symptoms, sometimes without even feeling typical chest pain. These symptoms include:  Fatigue Nausea Dizziness/fainting Sweating Shortness of breath Tightness in your chest You should immediately rest and stop putting any undue stress on your heart when you begin feeling a chest pain that you believe to be angina. Once you sit down and rest or take nitroglycerin, the pain should subside in a short amount of time—around five minutes—if you have what is called “stable angina,” which is the most common form. Stable angina is deemed as such because the causes and severity are usually both consistent and predictable—at times when you force your heart to work harder. This means that the pain can flare up consistently after exercise, climbing stairs, cold temperature, smoking, and when you’re feeling especially stressed or emotional.  If you’re accustomed to monitoring symptoms of stable angina and your pain, the cause, the duration, or anything else deviates...


Обратите внимание на боль и повышенную чувствительность. Обратите внимание на припухлость и кровоподтек. Присмотритесь к деформации пальца и невозможности пошевелить им. Знайте, когда следует обратиться за медицинской помощью.

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The first sign of a fractured finger is pain. Your experience of pain and depends on the severity of your finger fracture. After sustaining an injury to your finger, treat it carefully and keep an eye on your pain levels.  It can be hard to identify if you have a finger fracture right away, because acute pain and tenderness are also symptoms of dislocations and sprains. Look for other symptoms and/or seek medical attention if you are unsure of the severity of your injury. After sustaining a fracture to your finger, you will notice acute pain that is followed by swelling or bruising. This is part of your body’s natural response to injury. After fracture, your body activates the inflammatory response followed by swelling caused by fluid released into the surrounding tissues.  Swelling is often followed by bruising. This happens when the capillaries around the injury swell or burst in response to the increased fluid pressure.  It may be hard to know if your finger is fractured at first, as you still may be able to move it. After you try to move your finger, swelling and bruising begin to become apparent. The swelling may also spread to other fingers or down the palm of the hand. You are likely to notice swelling and bruising 5-10 minutes after your first sensations of pain in your finger. However, minor swelling or the absence of immediate bruising may be indicative of a sprain instead of a fracture. A finger fracture consists of a segment of the bone that is cracked or broken in one or more places. The bone deformity can show up as unusual bumps on the finger or a finger that points in a different direction.  If there are signs of misalignment, the finger is probably broken. You usually cannot move your finger if it is fractured because one or more sections of the bone are no longer connected. It is also likely that swelling and bruising makes your finger too stiff to move comfortably following any injuries. Go to your nearest accident and emergency department if you think you have a finger fracture. Fractures...


Обратите внимание на боль при мочеиспускании, а также на изменившийся внешний вид мочи. Немедленно обратитесь за медицинской помощью в случае инфекции почек или предстательной железы. Как можно скорее пройдите медицинский осмотр. Пройдите полный курс лечения антибиотиками. Если через два дня вы не заметите каких-либо улучшений, запишитесь на прием врачу.

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If bacteria in your urethra and bladder are causing an infection, you'll begin to experience pain or difficulty urinating. You might feel like you frequently need to urinate, but little or no urine comes out. Other signs of a urinary tract infection (UTI) include:  Burning sensation when you urinate Pain or aching in your abdomen Cloudy, unusually colored (dark yellow or greenish), or smelly urine Feeling tired or sick If you've had signs of a UTI for several days or weeks without getting treatment, the infection can travel to your kidneys. If you're a man with an untreated UTI, it can spread to your prostate. If you experience these signs of a kidney or prostate infection, go to an urgent care clinic or get emergency medical attention:  Pain in the sides or low back Fever or chills Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Pain when urinating Contact your doctor if you show any signs of a UTI. The doctor will get your medical history and ask about your symptoms. They'll also collect a sample of urine to test for bacteria in order to diagnose your UTI and determine treatment.  The doctor may do a rectal exam, if they believe your prostate could be infected. The doctor may do a pelvic exam if there is a discharge coming from your vagina that has an odor. This will help them to rule out a cervical infection.  If you've had several UTIs or a complicated infection, the doctor might order images of your urinary tract to rule out kidney stones or blockages. Your doctor will prescribe antibiotics to treat the bacteria causing your UTI. Follow the dosing instructions and don't stop taking the medication even once your symptoms start to improve. It's important to take the full course so the bacteria doesn't return.  Ask your doctor about any side effects of the antibiotics and whether you should avoid drinking alcohol during treatment. If you have a history of vaginitis, ask your doctor about yeast infection prevention with a combination of antibiotics and antifungal medication. You should begin feeling relief after taking antibiotics...


Обратите внимание на ваш менструальный цикл. Следите за изменениями вашей груди. Обратите внимание на кровянистые выделения из влагалища. Обратите внимание на судороги. Обратите внимание на необычную усталость, которую вы можете ощущать в этот период. Обратите внимание на мочеиспускание. Обратите внимание на настроение. Обратите внимание на головокружение. Обратите внимание на головные боли.

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Pregnant women do not menstruate during the course of their pregnancies. If you miss a period, that is usually the most obvious indicator that you are pregnant. Nonetheless, you can miss periods for other reasons, such as stress or even overexercising.  If you don't already, get in the habit of keeping track of your menstrual cycle so that you can better detect a late or missed period. All you need to do is mark when you start and end your period on the calendar. That way, you can see how your cycle generally runs. There are also mobile apps that make it convenient and easy to track your cycle. Because of the hormones released in early pregnancy, you may notice some changes in your breasts. They may swell slightly or be somewhat sore to the touch. You may also notice that your breasts feel "fuller" or heavier. Your nipples may feel swollen, painful, or tingly. You may have spotting when the newly fertilized egg attaches itself to the wall of the uterus. Implantation usually happens within a week to a week and a half after fertilization. This symptom can last for about 3 months. Spotting is usually lighter in color than your menstrual blood. You may also notice some cramping early on. Mostly, these should feel like they do when you have your period. However, if they are heavy or if you notice that they are pinpointed on one side of your body, it can be a sign of a complication. Call your doctor if you suddenly experience severe cramps. Many women feel extremely tired in the early stages of pregnancy. This symptom is usually attributed to increased progesterone levels. It may also be caused by the fact that your body is producing more blood to account for the baby. You may notice this symptom as early as 1 week after conception. Another early sign of pregnancy is frequent urination. When you become pregnant, your body produces more human chorionic gonadotropin, which is a hormone. This hormone, which is highest in the first few weeks you are pregnant, pushes more blood to your groin area. In turn, you need to...


Обратите внимание на ваш стул, если он черного цвета или выглядит так, будто бы содержит деготь. Обратите внимание, если стул красного цвета. Подумайте, может ли в стуле быть не кровь, а что-то другое. Подумайте, принимаете ли вы лекарства, которые могут вызывать кровотечение в пищеварительном тракте.

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It may seem gross to examine the color of your stool, but it will provide important information. And your doctor will probably want to know what you saw.  Dark stool is called melena. It indicates that the blood is coming from your esophagus, stomach, or the beginning of the small intestine. Causes include problems with the blood vessels, a tear in your esophagus, a stomach ulcer, inflammation of the stomach lining, blood supply being cut off to part of the intestines, an injury or object that is stuck in your digestive tract, or abnormal veins in your esophagus or stomach, called varices. This is called hematochezia. It means that you are bleeding from lower in your digestive tract. Possible causes include: problems with the blood vessels or blood supply getting cut off in the small intestine, large intestine, rectum, or anus; a tear in the anus; polyps in the colon or small intestine; cancer in the colon or small intestine; infected pouches in the colon called diverticulitis; hemorrhoids; inflammatory bowel disease; an infection; an injury; or an object that is stuck in your lower digestive tract. It could be something you ate.  If your stool is black, possible causes include black licorice, iron pills, Pepto-Bismol, beets, and blueberries. If your stool is red, it could be from beets or tomatoes. If you aren’t sure, the safest thing to do is to bring a sample to the doctor and they can test it to determine if you are actually passing blood. Even over-the-counter drugs can cause bleeding if taken in large amounts or for a long time. If this could be your situation, you should go to the doctor to discuss changing your medications. Medications that can do this include:  Blood thinners like aspirin, warfarin, and clopidogrel Some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which include ibuprofen or naproxen


Обратите внимание на ваши разговорные привычки. Замените бранные слова на другие. Расширяйте свой словарный запас

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An isolated swear word here and there can be forgiven - but if you find yourself swearing constantly, unable to go more than a sentence or two without throwing in an expletive, that's when you know you have a problem. The first step in training yourself to stop swearing is to become aware of when you do it.  Do you only curse around certain people or in specific situations? Is there a particular swear word that you use all the time? Try to identify why you curse and the role that swear words play in your speech patterns.  Once you begin paying attention to your swearing habits, you may be shocked by how much you rely on swearing to express yourself. Don't be too dismayed by it though, recognizing how often you curse is the first step towards fixing the problem. Once you start paying attention to your own cursing habits, you will start to pick up on other people's, without even realizing it. This is also a good thing, as you will realize how unpleasant swearing sounds and what a negative impression it gives off. Once you have identified your major swearing habits, you can set about eliminating swear words from your casual speech. This is when you curse for no real reason - you're not angry, it didn't just slip out - you are just using the curse word as a figure of speech. You can correct this problem by replacing the curse word with a harmless substitute, perhaps something beginning with the same letter or with a similar sound, which doesn't cause offense.  For example, try replacing "sh**" with "sugar", "turd", "shoot" or "sheep" or "f***" with "duck", or "fudge". You'll feel silly saying these words at first, but you'll get used to it after a while. Using such meaningless words may even eliminate your need to express yourself negatively at all. Even if you slip up and say the forbidden curse word, follow it immediately with your chosen alternative. Over time, your brain will come to associate the two and you will be able to actively choose one over the other. . Swear words are often used "for want of a...


Обратите внимание на взгляд. Оцените мимику. Проанализируйте жесты и позу. Подумайте, как человек распоряжается своим личным пространством. Понаблюдайте за тем, как и когда человек прикасается к другим.

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Eye contact, a channel of kinesics, is the primary way that people communicate dominance. People establishing dominance will take the liberty of staring at and surveying others while making direct eye contact. They will also be the last person to break eye contact. If you're looking to assert your power, keep in mind that constant eye contact can be intimidating. A person asserting dominance will also refrain from smiling in order to communicate seriousness and may instead frown or purse his lips. Gestures can display dominance; pointing at others and using large gestures is a way to show others your status. In addition, when someone takes a wider and taller stance while also being relaxed, this is another show of dominance. Dominant individuals will also have a firm handshake. They will usually place their hand on top with their palm facing downwards; the grip will be firm and sustained in order to demonstrate control. Those with high status will generally enable more physical space to exist between themselves and lower status people. High-status individuals will also take up more physical space to show their dominance and mastery of the situation. In other words, an expansive pose signals power and achievement.  Power is also displayed through standing versus sitting. Standing - and particularly in the foreground - is seen as a more powerful pose.  A straight back and strong shoulders kept back, rather than hunching forward, further conveys confidence. Slouching and slumping, by contrast, convey a lack of confidence.  Dominant individuals will also lead from the front and walk ahead of the group or go through the doors first. They like to be up front. People asserting their status will have more options when it comes to touch because they feel more confident in their position. Generally, in an unequal situation where one person has a higher status, he will touch the lower-status person with greater frequency. In social situations where both communicators have equal status, both people will reciprocate touch...


Обратите внимание на внезапную неспособность концентрировать внимание, на снижение памяти и мотивации. Обратите внимание на резкие изменения в режиме дня, а также на внезапные перепады настроения и энергии. Обратите внимание на изменение моральных и ценностных убеждений человека. Задумайтесь об изменениях в жизни человека. Обратите внимание на подозрительные предметы.

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Declining performance in school or work is often connected to drug use. Drugs not only decrease mental capacity, they increasingly dominate a user's thought process. Instead of focusing on issues related to education or employment, a drug user may be constantly thinking about becoming intoxicated, and how to obtain more drugs. Both insomnia and unusual sleepiness may indicate drug use. Does the individual sometimes seem strangely lethargic and tired? Do they suddenly crash and sleep for long periods of time? Alternately, do they have giddy or manic energy even without sleeping? See-sawing between high and low energy, between periods of excessive and insufficient sleep, should raise the alarm.  Opiate users may exhibit a euphoric wave of energy and then abruptly fall asleep, even while sitting upright. Alcoholics might be full of energy at night and then sleep well into the morning, exhibiting an aversion to light and sound. An LSD high can last for up to 12 hours, during which time an individual cannot sleep. But following the high, a user may “crash” and sleep for an entire day. Have they started doing things they previously considered immoral? Have they been lying and skipping school or work? Are they asking to borrow unusual amounts of money? Have property, valuables, and money gone missing?  Are they taking risks that put themselves and others in harm's way? Answering yes to any of these questions may indicate problematic drug use. Have they become more reclusive, avoiding family and long-time friends? Are they more irritable and distant with loved ones? Has the individual started hanging out with mysterious new friends that they refuse to introduce? Are they taking suspicious phone calls, or constantly texting unknown people?  If so, the individual may be using drugs. Consider looking through the individual's dresser, desk drawers, or clothing pockets. Suspicious items may include eye drops, mouthwash, “baggies,” cigarette rolling papers, cotton swabs, roach clips, pipes, bongs, needles, pill bottles,...


Обратите внимание на внезапную резкую боль после какого-либо удара или при пережевывании (раскусывании) чего-то твердого. Обратите внимание на непостоянную боль в зубе. Осмотрите зуб, нет ли на нем видимых сколов или других повреждений. Проверьте, нет ли вокруг поврежденного зуба признаков припухлости и воспаления. Запишитесь на прием к зубному врачу.

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If you crack your tooth severely enough, you'll probably feel significant pain right after the injury. If you experience this, examine the tooth that hurts and see if there is a piece missing. If so, you've indeed cracked a tooth. Also keep in mind that you may still have a shard of tooth in your mouth. This can cut you if swallowed, so try to spit it out if it's still in your mouth. Save the shard if you have it. If your crack is less severe, you may not feel immediate pain. Instead, you'll probably experience a more dull pain that comes and goes. Often your tooth will hurt when you're chewing or when you eat very hot or cold foods. If you experience this kind of pain, it would be a good idea to investigate further. If you suspect that you may have cracked a tooth, a visible inspection should help confirm your suspicions. Look for a visible crack or missing section of your tooth. You might also be able to feel the cracked tooth if you can't see far enough into your mouth. Try carefully rubbing your tongue around your teeth. If you encounter a rough or pointy section, this would indicate a crack. If you have trouble finding the crack, you can also look at your gums. The gum line around a cracked tooth may swell and turn red. Look for this symptom to help locate your cracked tooth. Whether you know for sure you cracked your tooth, or are just having pain and can't locate it, visit your dentist as soon as possible. Cracked teeth are treatable, but it is important to visit the dentist as soon as possible to prevent further damage. In the meantime, there are a number of steps you can take to protect your mouth and alleviate your pain.


Обратите внимание на воспаленные глаза. Следите за признаками головокружения. Проверьте его реакцию. Отмечайте проблемы с памятью и концентрацией. Обратите внимание на излишнее хихиканье или глупое поведение. Присмотритесь к его привычному режиму питания. Поищите признаки беспокойства или паранойи.

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Someone who has been using marijuana may have very red or bloodshot eyes. However, don't rely on this symptom alone as an indication of marijuana use. Red eyes can also be caused by any number of other things, including:  Allergies Illness (such as a common cold) Lack of sleep Recent crying Irritants in the eyes Excessive sun exposure Someone who has recently consumed marijuana may become dizzy or uncoordinated. If they stumble a lot, seem unusually clumsy, or complain of feeling dizzy, these may be signs of marijuana use. Marijuana affects a user's perception of time and can cause their reaction time to be much slower than it is while they are sober. For example, if you are conversing with someone who is high on marijuana, you may need to repeat yourself several times or wait for a long time before they respond to something you have said to them.  Because of their slowed reaction time, people under the influence of marijuana are at high risk of getting involved in accidents if they attempt to drive. If a person who you suspect is high is attempting to drive, you can casually offer to drive for them. In addition to slowing reaction time, marijuana use impairs memory function. Someone who is high on marijuana may have difficulty remembering something that just happened, or they may find it hard to maintain a conversation or train of thought. Marijuana can cause euphoria and uninhibited behavior. A person who is high on marijuana may laugh for no obvious reason or laugh excessively over things they wouldn't normally find that funny. This is especially important to notice if silliness is out of character for the person. Marijuana use can stimulate the appetite. A person who has been using marijuana may get “the munchies” and feel the urge to snack more than usual. While marijuana often creates a relaxing or euphoric effect, it can also cause agitation, anxiety, or delusional thinking. Someone with marijuana-induced anxiety may also experience an elevated heart rate or even a full-blown panic attack.


Обратите внимание на времена года. Предоставьте дереву солнце утром и тень днем. Защитите дерево от экстремальных температур. Обеспечьте подкормку и полив.

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Bonsai trees, like all trees and plants, react to the change in seasons. If you're keeping a bonsai tree outside, it will have an even stronger reaction to the change in temperature, sunlight, and the amount of rainfall in the region. In some regions there are four distinct seasons, and in others the seasonal changes are more subtle. In any case, understand the way your tree species reacts to the seasons in your region, and let that information guide the way you care for it.  Trees lay dormant during the winter; they aren't producing leaves or growing, so they don't use as much nutrition. During this season, watering the tree is about the only care it needs. Avoid trimming it too much, since it won't be able to replace the depleted nutrients until spring. In spring, trees begin using the nutrients they stored during the winter to sprout new leaves and grow. Since your tree is in transition during this time of year, it's a good time to repot the plant (adding extra nutrients to the soil) and begin trimming. Trees continue to grow during the summer, using up the rest of their stored nutrients. Be sure to water yours well during this period of time. In the fall, tree growth slows, and the nutrients begin accumulating again. This is a good time for both trimming and repotting. Your bonsai tree's light needs depends on the species and your climate, but most will thrive in a location that receives morning sun. Turn the tree 90 degrees every few days so all of the tree foliage can receive an equal amount of light. Indoor trees may need a light shade cloth over the window during hot, bright summer months. During the summer, it's fine for the tree to spend the majority of time outside. Bring it inside overnight when temperatures dip below about 40 °F (4 °C). In preparation for the winter, get your tree acclimated to spending more time indoors by moving it inside for a few hours at a time, and increasing the time it spends indoors every day until you bring it inside entirely. Fertilize the tree with a special...


Обратите внимание на время года. Задумайтесь об использовании увлажняющего крема с тонирующим эффектом. Подумайте о приобретении крема для лица с SPF-фактором. Имейте в виду, что даже жирную кожу необходимо увлажнять. Выбирайте жирные увлажняющие кремы, если у вас сухая кожа. Поищите мягкие кремы, если у вас чувствительная кожа.

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Your skin might change as the seasons go by. For example, it might be more dry in the winter and more oily during the summer. As such, the face cream that you use in the winter might not be suitable during the summer. It might be a good idea to switch your face creams out with the seasons.  If your skin is dry, especially during the winter, opt for a richer, moisturizing face cream. If your skin is oily, especially during the summer, opt for a light-weight face cream or moisturizing gel. This is great for those who wish to even out their skin tone but don't want to wear makeup. Choose a moisturizer that matches your skin type and skin tone.  Most tinted moisturizers come in three basic skin tones: light, medium, and dark. Some companies might offer a wider range of skin tones. If you tend to have oily skin, consider getting a tinted moisturizer with a matte finish. If you tend to have dull or dry skin, consider getting a tinted moisturizer with a dewy or luminizing finish. This is also great for giving any skin type that healthy glow during the winter months. Sunlight provides lots of vitamin D, which is essential for skin health; however, too much sunlight can also cause wrinkles and other skin damage. Protect your skin by wearing a face cream with some SPF in it. You will not only be moisturizing your skin, but protecting it from the sun's harmful rays as well. If you have oily skin or acne, you might still want to use some sort of face cream or moisturizer. If your skin becomes too dry, it will produce even more oil. A face cream will keep this from happening. Here are some things you should look for:  Look for face creams that say they are meant for oily skin (or acne) on the label. Opt for a light-weight, moisturizing gel instead. Consider getting a matte-finish cream. It will help reduce shine and make your skin appear less oily. Look for products that say they are intended for dry skin. If you can't find any, then look for labels that say "hydrating" or "moisturizing." Read the labels carefully, and...


Обратите внимание на время проявления симптомов. Определите причину. Обратите внимание на интенсивность зуда.

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Eczema and psoriasis affect people at different times in their life. This can help you determine which condition the person has. Eczema is common in babies and young children. Psoriasis is common in young adults or the elderly. If the condition starts in childhood, it’s probably eczema, but if it starts as a teenager or adult, it’s more than likely psoriasis.  Eczema may occur in adults, but it mostly occurs in small children. Generally, the eczema gets better as the child grows up. Psoriasis is most common between the ages of 15 and 30. It may also begin between the ages of 50 and 60. Eczema and psoriasis are triggered by different things. Psoriasis is caused by an unknown underlying reason, but some factors like stress, cold weather, damage to the skin, or medication side effects may cause it. Eczema occurs as a reaction to environmental factors.  For example, eczema may occur if a person is exposed to allergens like pet dander or hair, jewelry metal, fragrances, detergents, or stress. Psoriasis is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic factors and experiencing a trigger, such as a stressful event; strep throat; cold, dry weather; or a cut, scratch or sunburn. Both psoriasis and eczema can cause skin discomfort. The difference in the intensity of the discomfort or itching can provide some insight on which condition the person has. If you have psoriasis, itching the skin may cause the skin or inflamed area to thicken.  Psoriasis may be accompanied by mild or moderate itching; however, with psoriasis the skin or area may be painful to touch.  If it’s eczema, the itching may be intense or severe, especially at night. The itching may keep someone up because it’s so bad.


Обратите внимание на все положительные стороны взаимоотношений. Попробуйте поставить себя на место обидчика. Поговорите об инциденте. Научитесь обезличивать инцидент. Старайтесь сохранять позитивный взгляд на вещи. Признайте, что все мы делаем ошибки и вспомните о времени, когда вы получали прощение.

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If you’ve decided to forgive and move forward, one of the best ways to let go of resentment, anger and suspicion is to remind yourself of all of the wonderful things this person brings to your life. There's probably a reason — hopefully a lot of reasons — why you stayed in the relationship. Think about those as you begin to let the other person in. It's hard to do, and it's not necessarily expected of you, but it will help save the relationship if that's what you want to do. Try to imagine what drove the person to betray you, indirectly or directly. Try to think about how the person feels at this very moment. You shouldn't make any decisions just because you pity someone, but showing empathy is an olive branch that will mean a lot to the other person. Be clear about your feelings, and give the other person a chance to speak. At the same time, know that asking for specific details can make the pain even worse. This can make the healing process even harder.  Discuss the event. Explain how you interpreted the event and why you were hurt. Avoid accusatory language. Give the other person the opportunity to explain the situation from their perspective. Establish your expectations and ask what is expected of you. This will help clarify the cause of the current problem, as well as avoid future disagreements. Don't expect to get through talking about the incident in one sitting. Make that clear to your friend or partner. The healing process is going to take some time, and that person should be prepared to talk about it for some time. If they're not prepared to, that's a sign that they may not care as much about mending the relationship as you do. Often, hurtful behavior has much more to do with the other person than it does with us. Rather than face their own issues, people project them onto a close friend, family member or partner. If the incident was borne of the other person’s insecurity, help him or her deal with the pain. This will help you view the incident with compassion and help you to forgive. Here are a few...


Обратите внимание на все то, в чем вы и ваше тело просто поразительны. Начните больше улыбаться. Заботьтесь о себе. Занимайтесь аутотренингом.

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Instead of focusing on what you don’t like, focus on what you do. If you often get compliments on your smile or gorgeous teeth, relish in these positive traits. Move beyond just the physical and focus on positive things you like about yourself that have nothing to do with appearance. Make a list to post on your mirror. Fill the sheet of paper with all the wonderful characteristics that you like about yourself right now. You might include things like “I am strong” or “I care for animals.” Put as many items on the list as you can, and revisit this list regularly as a mood-booster. Smiling makes everyone more beautiful. When you smile, you reap a multitude of health benefits, such as assisting your body with stress-coping. You make yourself feel brighter and happier. What’s more, you can even make others feel more attractive and help spread positivity to them.  Challenge yourself to smile as much as possible, even when you don’t want to. Give it 24 hours. Practice smiling at yourself in the mirror as you get dressed and prepare for your day. Smile at the strangers you pass on your way to school or work. Notice the reactions you get from smiling. Pay attention to how this makes you feel about yourself. Every body is unique. You can’t really make a huge change to how you look, but you can start today making an impact on how you feel. Turn your focus towards leading a healthy lifestyle. When you are treating your body well, you will naturally have a greater sense of self-esteem and increased well-being.  Fuel your body with plenty of water and real, whole foods, such as vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. Exercise regularly to fend off illness, maintain (or lose) weight, and fight anxiety and depression. Reduce stress by engaging in activities that you love. Make time for rest and relaxation. Get adequate sleep to improve your focus and concentration and increase your likelihood of making healthy lifestyle choices. Say “no” to drugs and alcohol, which may make you feel better...


Обратите внимание на выдающиеся соски, чтобы определить самку. Обратите внимание на признаки беременности, чтобы установить пол взрослой самки. Обратите внимание на небольшие бугорки яичек в области мошонки, чтобы установить самца.

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Young female mice have nipples that are much more prominent than the nipples of a male. Position the mouse on its back to view its stomach. To do this, take the mouse by the scruff of its neck, and turn the mouse on its back in your hand. Nipples may be obscured by the fur on the mouse's stomach. Try to part the fur or feel the belly to see if you can spot the nipples. They may look like bald spots if the mouse is young.  It can be difficult to spot nipples on pinkies but with good lighting and an observant eye, you can spot nipples as early as three days after birth. Be aware that male mice lack nipples entirely, so this is a good way to identify whether a mouse is male, too. Pregnancy is usually an easy visual determination of sex, as the nipples will swell and drop, forming "saddlebags" around the hip area. However, not all mice will be as obvious, and for some, obese males may look just like pregnant females. The nipples may also take on a pink, rosy appearance when a mouse is pregnant. This is known as “pinking up” and it is a common sign of pregnancy, but it can be hard to spot. Adult male mice have testicles that are pretty easy to see most of the time. However, you may have to be patient in order to get a look, because a male mouse can withdraw his testicles into his body. One way to get a good look is to wait for the mouse to eat while 'standing' on the rim of its food bowl. Most of the time his testicles will descend during this position. They look like small balls or pillows and are near the scrotum. You could also try placing the mouse on a sheet of glass or in a glass cage. Offer the mouse some treats to keep it still and check for its testicles from the under the glass.


Обратите внимание на выделения из влагалища. Обратите внимание на боль. Кровотечение после полового акта. Обратитесь к врачу при появлении ректальной боли, кровотечении или выделениях.

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If you experience unusual vaginal discharge, this may be a sign of chlamydia infection or another STI.  Signs that vaginal discharge is abnormal may include a different or unpleasant smell, a darker color, or a texture you've never experienced before. If you suspect that your vaginal discharge is abnormal, consult your doctor, gynaecologist, or other health professional for testing and treatment. Bloody discharge between periods can also be a sign of chlamydia. Pain during urination and/or pain during intercourse could be a sign of a chlamydia infection.  If you experience pain or extreme discomfort during sex, refrain from intercourse until you can be examined by a health professional. Chlamydia infections can cause pain during vaginal intercourse for some women. Burning pain during urination usually indicates some sort of infection, from a yeast infection to an STI. Seek medical treatment at once. Some women experience minor bleeding after vaginal intercourse, and this symptom is sometimes associated with female chlamydia. Bleeding, pain, and/or discharge from the rectum are symptoms of chlamydia. If you have vaginal chlamydia, the infection could have spread to the anus. If you engage in anal sex, the infection could be based in the rectum.


Обратите внимание на выделения из влагалища. Обратите внимание на странные ощущения. Не игнорируйте болезненные или неприятные ощущения при половом акте или мочеиспускании.

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For most women, vaginal discharge is perfectly normal and can range from being clear to milky white. Abnormal discharge will look greenish-yellow and frothy. A strong odour is also a sign of abnormal discharge.  Trichomoniasis is spread through contact with vaginal discharge which happens most often during vaginal intercourse. However, non-sexual transmission can sometimes occur from penetration from other items like douche nozzles. Fortunately, the parasite can only last up to 24 hours outside of the body. Trichomoniasis can cause redness, burning, and itching sensations at the genitals in some infected individuals. These symptoms may indicate a possible trichomoniasis infection or that of another STI.  Trichomoniasis causes irritation within the vaginal canal or vulva. Vaginal irritation can be normal if the irritation only lasts for a few days or gets better after treatment. However, if irritation persists or gets worse, it's best to talk to your doctor about it and get it properly diagnosed and treated. Trichomoniasis can cause inflammation and soreness in the genitals that can make intercourse uncomfortable. See a physician if you experience these symptoms, and do not participate in intercourse until you have been tested for STIs or STDs.  Avoid all forms of sexual intercourse including anal and oral sex until you've been tested and cleared. You should also inform your sexual partner or partners if you suspect you have an STI/STD and encourage them to also get tested and treated. Some clinics will help you inform your partners anonymously by giving them a contact slip that lets them know they have been exposed to a sexually transmitted infection. It won't have your name on it and it won't necessarily tell them what the infection is.


Обратите внимание на выделения из носа. Обратите внимание на то, чихает ли кошка. Постарайтесь выяснить причину заложенности носа.

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Runny noses are common in cats. If your cat has some nasal discharge around her nose, it may be mucus or muco-purulent, which is mucus stained with pus. These sorts of mucus are often yellow or green in color.  Some cats with nasal allergies may have a clear, dripping discharge from their nostrils, but this can be difficult to spot if the cat regularly licks it away. If you see nasal discharge, look closely to see if it comes from one, or both nostrils. A bilateral discharge (from both sides) is more likely to be caused by an infection or allergy, while a unilateral (one sided) drip could be caused by a foreign body, or infection in one side of the nose. When humans have a blocked nose, we give it a good blow on a tissue. Cats, however, cannot do this and their way to clear their nose is to sneeze. If you notice that your cat sneezes a lot, you will need to schedule an appointment with your vet to determine the cause. It might be allergies or an infection, but your veterinarian will have to test your cat’s mucus to be sure. Cats often suffer from nasal congestion because of rhinitis (inflammation in the nasal passages that produces mucus), infection (including viral conditions such as cat flu) and because of inhaled foreign bodies (such as a grass awn that shot up the nose when the cat sniffed at it).  The most common cause of nasal and sinus congestion are viral infections. These viruses include feline herpesvirus (FVR) and feline calicivirus (FCV). These infections also cause swollen, red, and runny eyes along with mouth ulcers and salivation.  You can help protect your cat from these viruses by keeping your cat’s vaccinations up-to-date and keeping your cats away from any cats that seem sick. The recurrent viral illnesses in cats suppress your cats immune system so that secondary, opportunistic and very damaging bacteria invade the area and cause more severe disease, discharge, and lack of appetite. Realize also that many times your kitty has 'cleared' the viral illness, but the more 'difficult to clear'...


Обратите внимание на выделяющиеся под блузой соски. Узнайте средний возраст полового созревания девочек. Обратите внимание на признаки полового созревания.

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If you see these small breast buds, it’s time to get a first bra. Breast buds are small bumps that appear under each nipple.  However, if a girl is feeling self conscious about her breasts, it might be time to get a bra - regardless of physical development.  You should feel some tenderness or soreness when breasts begin to bud. This is normal, and nothing to be concerned about. It just means you are starting to develop.  Next, the nipples and areola (circle of skin around them) will get darker and bigger. Then the breasts will start to grow more, at first perhaps having a pointy shape. The average age for a girl to start wearing a bra is age 11. Some girls need one by age 8, though, and some girls don’t need one until they are 14. Every girl is different!  Sometimes girls who aren’t really that developed ask to wear a bra because their friend is wearing one. They could start out by trying a training bra  You could also start out by wearing a tank top under your shirts. Either way, you should not stress out about whether you are developing like other girls. Everyone moves at their own pace, and that's OK. Developing breast buds is just one of the many changes a girl will see in her body as she starts to enter puberty.  She might start to grow pubic hair. In some girls, pubic hair actually develops before breast buds appear.  Puberty can cause a girl to gain some weight, especially in the belly area. The belly might look more rounded. This is a natural sign that a girl is starting to mature physically. The girl also might start menstruating, although her periods might be very infrequent at first. All of these things are normal signs of puberty.


Обратите внимание на выражение лица ребенка. Обратите внимание, когда начинается детский лепет. Проанализируйте, когда ваш ребенок начал говорить. Следите за реакцией своего ребенка на речь и игры. Внимательно следите за движениями своего ребенка. Ищите признаки стереотипии.

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By 7 months old, typical babies express happiness and smile.   A baby's first smile often occurs even before 3 months. If a baby doesn't follow objects with its eyes by 3 months, this could be a very early indicator of autism. Observe their other facial expressions. By 9 months old, babies communicate with others by displaying certain expressions like grimacing, pouting and grinning to fit their mood. Babies that develop typically will babble by the time they are 7 months old.  The noise might not make any sense. It is common for babies to make repetitive sounds, but autistic babies will make different sounds and rhythms. By seven months, non-autistic children are able to laugh and make squealing sounds. Some autistic children experience a delay in speaking, or never learn to speak at all. Around 15-20% of autistic people never speak, although this does not mean they do not communicate.  By one year, non-autistic children are able to say single words such as "Mama" and "Dada". By age 2, most children are able to string words together. A typical 2-year-old should have a vocabulary of more than 15 words. An autistic child might not respond to their own name or avoid play with others.   By 7 months, a typical child responds to simple games like peekaboo. A non-autistic child responds to its own name at about one year old. By 18 months, a typical child will start to play "pretend" games, such as pretend feeding a baby doll. Autistic children tend not to play pretend, and may appear unimaginative to onlookers. By age two, non-autistic children will imitate your words and actions. Pay attention to speech regression. Some infants meet their milestones and then lose skills at an older age. Babies will reach for objects typically by 7 months of age. Place a toy out of your child's reach to see if he will reach for it.   Babies as young as 7 months old will try to attract your attention with movements. Autistic children may be less active. By 6 months old, children should turn their head towards sounds they hear. If...


Обратите внимание на выступающий жировой нарост на лбу у самцов. Обратите внимание на меньшие по размеру и несколько округлые формы тела у самок. Осмотрите рыб, когда они плывут по направлению к вам.

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On a male, the front of their heads will have a high, noticeable crown. It will likely look much more prominent and a bit larger than the female angelfish. This feature might be more prominent at maturity, but you may be able to notice it earlier on in the lifespan, as well. This isn’t a sure-fire way to tell the difference between the sexes. In some strains of angelfish, this physical difference might not always be present. Female angelfish might have more rounded bodies than males. Female angelfish are also generally a little smaller than male angelfish. If you want to buy pairs to breed, try buying a few smaller angelfish and a few larger angelfish. Once they’re mature, you’ll more than likely find out you have a few males and a few females. On female angelfish, the line from their dorsal fin to their eyes also tends to be a bit straighter than that of the male’s. Sometimes with female angelfish, you might be able to notice a difference when they swim towards you. The shape of their bellies might be a bit bigger or wider than male angelfish. Try looking into the tank and waiting for each of the fish to swim towards the glass. Observe the shape of their bellies from that angle.


Обратите внимание на вялое поведение кошки. Обратите внимание на повышенную интенсивность дыхания. Присмотритесь, не затруднено ли дыхание у вашего питомца. Понаблюдайте, не принимает ли кошка позу кислородного голодания. Плохой аппетит также является поводом для беспокойства.

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When their heart is struggling, it tends to make the cat lethargic. This is because even a slight increase in activity, such as walking or going up stairs, places increased demands on the circulatory system.   Heart failure in cats can be caused by value issues, heart muscle problems, electrical conduction problems, hyperthyroidism, and congenital problems.  If the circulation is inadequate, then the cat feels light-headed, dizzy, and weak. This causes the cat to learn it's best not to move around much, so it tends to rest instead. Another early warning sign of heart disease is if the cat breathes more quickly, even at rest. This is known as an increased respiratory rate. The cat breathes more quickly because of fluid accumulation in the lungs, which makes it hard for your cat to absorb oxygen. In order to get enough oxygen, the cat has to take more breaths.  If you are suspicious about your cat breathing quickly, watch it while it's resting and count the number of breaths taken in one minute. Repeat this several times to be certain that you are getting a true figure. You will need to take this information to your vet, since it's normal for cats to hyperventilate at the vet's office, making it hard to take an accurate reading. The normal respiratory rate in the cat is between 20-30 breaths a minute. More than 35-40 breaths a minute at rest is considered high, and over 40 requires a vet's attention. Another sign of trouble is mouth breathing or panting. It is unusual for a cat to breathe through its mouth unless it is very stressed or has been playing vigorously. Mouth-breathing is your cat's attempt to get more oxygen because not enough is getting absorbed. If the cat is short of air, it may adopt the "air hunger" position. The cat crouches on its belly with its head and neck extended in a straight line. The elbows are held away from the chest in order to expand the chest as much as possible with each breath. Many cats with heart disease have poor appetites. When the cat swallows, it has to stop breathing. If...


Обратите внимание на вялость собаки и прочие поведенческие изменения. Обратите внимание на увеличенные соски. Обратите внимание на увеличивающуюся талию. Познакомьтесь с заболеваниями, симптоматика которых похожа на беременность.

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Many owners remark that their bitch changes character during pregnancy: she seems sleepier, more lethargic, and starts to build nests. However, these are also the signs associated with pseudopregnancy, or false pregnancy, where the bitch behaves as if she is pregnant when in fact she isn't. Some bitches with a false pregnancy even start producing milk, so enlarged mammary glands are not conclusive evidence of pregnancy. One of the more reliable signs of pregnancy is if a female dog "pinks up," which describes the enlargement of her nipples. They become larger and often develop a rosy hue (hence the term "pinking").  A pregnant bitch doesn't produce milk until near the end of gestation (or sometimes only after the puppies are born). Note that you'll still need to have your dog tested for pregnancy to confirm. Prominent pink nipples four or so weeks after mating are a highly suspect (but inconclusive) clue to pregnancy. As with pregnant women, an expanding center is a strong hint–but it should be interpreted with caution. In a healthy, fit bitch, her body silhouette may not show obvious changes until 50-55 days of pregnancy, when the womb is sufficiently enlarged to fill the tummy. Your dog does not need to take in extra calories until the final third of the pregnancy (after about 40 days). This means if you feed her extra early in the suspected pregnancy, she is likely to gain weight, but it will be fat and not necessarily puppies. If your dog is struggling during pregnancy, she needs help; however, there is also a distinct chance she is not pregnant, but has a condition mimicking pregnancy, including false pregnancy and pyometra. While a false pregnancy (usually caused by a hormonal imbalance after heat) is not life-threatening, a pyometra definitely is. The latter is where the womb fills with pus, which causes blood poisoning, organ failure, and, if left untreated, death. The symptoms of pyometra can mimic pregnancy in that your dog's tummy may enlarge and she lacks energy. However, she is also likely to...


Обратите внимание на головные боли и головокружение. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом в том случае, если чувствуете слабость и усталость. Следите за своим дыханием. Обратите внимание на синяки. Обратите внимание на странные тактильные ощущения.

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These two symptoms are the result of an excessive number of RBCs in the blood making the blood concentrated. As a signal and compensatory mechanism, headache and dizziness can result from high hematocrit levels. Concentrated blood is viscous – meanings that it's thick and sticky and doesn't flow as well. In return, the delivery of oxygen to the brain is slightly decreased. A lack of oxygen in the brain can turn very serious quite quickly. This is an overall bodily response to viscous blood that has difficulty in delivering oxygen and nutrients to the entire body. If weakness is something you're feeling 24/7, talk to your doctor as soon as possible. Fatigue can be a sign of any number of ailments, not just high hematocrit levels. To know what your fatigue is a symptom of, see your doctor. Only a medical professional can then point you on the right route. Those with high hematocrit counts often suffer from "tachypnea." This is just a medical term that refers to a fast breathing pattern of more than 20 cycles per minute. This is a short-term compensatory mechanism of the body in response to a poor delivery of oxygen. Again, in isolation, this is not a symptom to worry about. Only if you find your breathing is hastened more often than not and for no good reason should this be cause for alarm. High hematocrit levels may cause bruising if you have polycythemia vera. Concentrated, viscous blood is prone to blood clots all over the body. Bruising appears as a violet to black in color anywhere on the body. Some are painless and some are painful. Bruising is a normal result of injury. The bruises that you should pay attention to – especially when considering hematocrit counts – are the bruises that seem to have no cause. If you have bruises that appear out of nowhere, these could be hematocritic bruises. A high hematocrit count can lead to a number of inexplicable things going on in your skin. The blood flowing right beneath your skin, when it lacks oxygen, can mess with the functioning of your sense receptors. Here's...


Обратите внимание на головокружение. Будьте внимательны к изменениям зрения и слуха. Немедленно сядьте или лягте. Обеспечьте себе немного свободного пространства. Попробуйте упасть вдоль стены. Будьте предельно осторожны на лестнице. Попросите кого-нибудь помочь вам.

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You might feel a slight, or severe, dizzy spell immediately before you faint. This is a strong warning sign that your circulation system is not functioning normally. As soon as you start to feel dizzy at all, stop what you are doing and try to get lower to the ground via sitting or lying down. Your senses will most likely be affected as well in the minutes right before you faint. You may experience tunnel vision or feeling as if your vision is collapsing into one small tunnel to look through. You may see spots or blurs. Your ears might start to ring or feel as if they are giving off a slight buzz. Other major symptoms include a clammy and pale face, numbness in your face and exterior limbs, feelings of severe anxiety, or sudden onset nausea or stomach pains. When you experience any symptoms related to fainting, the goal is to get as low as possible as quickly as you can. Many people receive serious injuries not from the fainting, but from the fall to the ground connected with the loss of consciousness. It is best to lie down on your back or side, but if that is not an option it is okay just to sit down.  When you lie down it puts your head at roughly the same level as your heart and encourages circulation to be restored and your blood to head back to your brain easier. If you are pregnant you should lie down (and usually sleep as well) on your left side to lessen the burden on your heart. If the area is crowded, for example, and it is only safe to sit down that can work as well. For maximum benefit, hang your head between your legs. This will encourage the blood to follow gravity and head back down into your brain. If you are in a crowded area it is probably best to touch a wall and slowly try to lean yourself against it.  If needed, you may slide yourself slowly down the wall. This will prevent you from being trampled while you are on the ground. Getting away from the crowd might also lower your temperature and make breathing easier. If it is too late to lie down in a controlled way, then you will want to...


Обратите внимание на гормональные препараты. Принимайте профилактические препараты. Принимайте добавки, которые отпускаются без рецепта.

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Many women who suffer from migraines find that they are more likely to develop migraine headaches and nausea before or during menstruation. This can also happen during pregnancy or menopause. Scientists think that this may have something to do with fluctuations in the body's estrogen levels. If pre-period migraines are a problem for you, you might need to avoid or change the way you use oral contraceptives with estrogen in them because the drop in estrogen may be worse when taking them, creating worse headaches.  High-estrogen birth control products and hormone replacement therapy may worsen the problem for many women. It may be best to avoid these medications. If you're already taking them and notice an increase in the severity or frequency of migraines, talk to your doctor about discontinuing use.  Be aware that the solution may not be as simple as removing oral contraceptives from your routine. Some women find that they help reduce the occurrences of migraines. Others find that migraines are triggered only when they are off of the active pills for a week each month. You can change to a different type of pill to help or you may take the active pills continuously without a break. Talk to your doctor about possible solutions to these problems. If you suffer from frequent or severe migraines, ask your doctor about preventative medications. These medications, also known as prophylactic medications, are available only by prescription. Many have possible serious side effects, so they should only be used under a doctor's supervision and only after discussing all the other preventive possibilities. Because of the number of medications available and the uniqueness of every migraine case, finding the right preventative combination can take a while.  Cardiovascular medications, including beta blockers such as propranolol and atenolol, calcium channel blockers such as verapamil, and anti-hypertension medications such as lisinopril and candesartan, can be taken to help with migraines. Anti-seizure medications such as...


Обратите внимание на грани. Держитесь подальше от формы в виде «Х». Избегайте «желобков». Проверьте камень под лупой.

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On a small scale, natural yellow sapphires can be cut into nearly any style. Once stones get larger than one carat, however, many jewelers tend to prefer cutting sapphires into oval or cushion mixed cut. Since round and emerald cuts are more popular, however, jewelers often cut synthetic stones into round and emerald shapes. Natural sapphires can, in theory, be cut into the same shapes, but it is much less likely. Manufacturers of synthetic stones often place an "X" cut, also called a scissors cut, on the facets of a stone. " Occasionally, the facets of synthetic stones do not come out as crisp as the facets of a natural sapphire would. This flaw looks very similar to the grooves one might expect to see on a vinyl record, but they can usually be seen only under magnification of a 10x loupe. A good synthetic may have flaws that are only visible under 10x to 30x magnification. Low, 10x magnification can usually identify the curved, grooved banding found in synthetic sapphires, especially when the examiner places a piece of translucent glass in between the stone and the light source. Higher 30x magnification can identify gas bubbles and masses of powder that has not melted.


Обратите внимание на детализацию логотипа, на его когти и зубы. Убедитесь, что логотип размещен на белом фоне. Убедитесь, что логотип находится под второй пуговицей. Выверните рубашку наизнанку, чтобы осмотреть едва заметный контур нашивки.

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The official logo is a deep, dark green with noticeable teeth and claws. The top jaw is smaller than the bottom jaw and is angled upwards. The crocodile’s tail should be rounded and point in the same direction as the jaw, not at the crocodile. The eye should also look more slit-like than rounded.  If the crocodile looks cartoonish and lacks detail, the shirt is a sure fake. Lacoste’s Vintage brand is an exception. The crocodile will be high-quality but the same color as the shirt. The logo is a patch that is lightly sewn on from behind. You won’t see the stitching when you look at it from the front. Look out for stitching around the patch’s border, loose threads, or needle hole marks. These are signs that the polo is a fake. On a few brands, such as the Vintage brand, the crocodile may be printed directly on the shirt. The crocodile will be in the middle of the left side of the shirt. It should be between the bottom stitching on the collar and the second button. Low-quality fakes often align the crocodile with the bottom stitching. That stitching may also appear crooked. A few real Lacoste versions also align the crocodile with the bottom stitching, so don’t depend on this one observation. The outline of the crocodile’s body should barely be visible. There won’t be any colors, threads, or obvious stitching. If the finish doesn’t look clean, the shirt is a fake.