Выберите пряжу и размер крючка для вязания. Решите, хотите ли вы сделать покрывало из столбиков с накидом или из столбиков без накида. Сделайте первую цепочку петель на крючке. Чтобы сделать столбик без накида, заверните один конец пряжи вокруг крючка. В конце ряда переверните вашу работу, чтобы последняя петля стала первой петлей, с которой вы начнете делать следующий ряд. Продолжайте процесс, пока у вас не останется около 1 метра пряжи. Отрежьте лишнюю пряжу, оставив около 15 см, проденьте ее в иголку и протяните ее через последнюю петлю на крючке.

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You will need 3-4 skeins of yarn for a lap blanket and 6-8 skeins for a larger throw blanket. Crochet hooks range in size from B to S, with S being the largest. The bigger the hook, the larger the stitch. The single crochet is the easier of the two, so beginners should learn the single crochet before attempting the double crochet. Slide a slipknot onto the crochet hook, wrap the yarn around the hook from the back to the front and draw a new loop through the knot. Start behind the hook and come over the hook and then draw it underneath. For a double crochet, insert the hook under the fourth loop from the hook. Yarn over the hook and pull it through the center of the chain. Then yarn over the hook and draw the yarn through the first two loops from the hook. Repeat for the last two loops on the hook. Work from left to right. You can switch colors whenever you get to the end of a row before flipping your work if you like. Incorporate any loose ends into the blanket with small stitches before trimming the ends.


Выберите прямоугольный платок. Поправьте при необходимости.

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A pashmina or another large rectangular scarf works well here. You will also need one pin. The scarf should look as though it forms one long, flowing loop around your head and under your chin. Make sure it's secure and won't slip off.


Выберите психотерапевта. Получите диагноз ОКР. Пройдите психотерапию, дабы сдержать свое компульсивное поведение. Поговорите с врачом о поиске подходящих лекарств.

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Find a therapist that has experience treating OCD or related disorders. Search by either asking your regular physician, getting a referral from family or friends, or try using this handy psychologist locator from the American Psychological Association Make sure that this is a person you feel comfortable with and has the credentials required to meet your needs. It is important to see a professional for diagnosis, as there are other problems that have similar symptoms to OCD. Your physician can refer you, but a qualified mental health professional should conduct the diagnosis. There are two groups of OCD symptoms, obsessions and compulsions. Obsessive symptoms are constant, tenacious and undesirable thoughts, impulses or images that trigger feelings of anguish or apprehension. You may feel thoughts or images keep popping up even though you try to avoid them or shut them down. Compulsion symptoms are the behaviors that you perform in order to cope with the concern linked to obsessions. These are the behaviors that supposedly prevent the fear from coming true, and they often appear as rules or rituals. Together, obsessions and compulsions create characteristic patterns like the following:  Those who fear contamination and the spread of dirt, usually have cleaning or hand-washing compulsions. Others repeatedly check things (that the door is locked, or the oven is turned off, etc.) that they associate with potential danger. Some fear that if everything isn't done just right that something terrible will happen to themselves or loved ones. Many become obsessed with order and symmetry. They frequently have superstitions about certain orders and arrangements. Then, there are those who are afraid that bad things will come if they throw anything away. This makes them compulsively keep things around that they do not need (like broken objects or old newspapers). This condition is called Compulsive Hoarding. To be diagnosed with OCD, you must have obsessions and compulsions on most days for at least two weeks. Alternately,...


Выберите пуговицы. Решите, будете ли вы чередовать цвета лепестков вашего цветка из пуговиц, или все они будут одного цвета. Выберите сердцевину цветка. Подберите пуговицу несколько меньше той, что используется для середины. Склейте все пуговицы вместе. Переверните центральную пуговицу. Вырежьте из пенобумаги кружок диаметром примерно с центральную пуговицу. Расстегните английскую булавку. Готово!

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The color and style of the buttons is entirely up to you but you might like to consider some of the following ideas:  Choose matching but varying hues. Choose the exact same color; this could be good where you want it stand out against a plain top. Choose a rainbow of colors. Choose different patterns, or even sizes of buttons. Whatever buttons you choose, ensure that they are in excellent condition and will be able to withstand being turned into an often-worn item of jewelry. Older, more fragile buttons may not be ideal for this project. For alternating colors, choose an even number of buttons. Arrange the buttons in a circle, alternating the colors and check that the look is suitable. You can have an odd number of buttons if the colors are matching. For this, the button needs to be much larger than the petal buttons, as they will sit around it. You can either match this button to the petals or choose a button in a completely different color, texture or style, as long as you like how it looks. Place the large central button over the already-made circle of petal buttons. Make sure you can see the petals poking out from around the edges. Place this one on top of the big button. Do the same for each additional layer you want (obviously, you're limited by how large your central button is).  Using hot glue, glue the petals to the center. Then flip it back over. Use hot glue again, but this time to add the center layers. Now you have a fixed button flower. Glue it to the back of the flower. On the side that doesn't open, lather this with hot glue. Place it on the middle of the craft foam circle. Then place a lot of glue on either side of the pin, and on top of the side that doesn't close. Press it in for a few seconds. Then let it dry. If needed, add more glue until the pin sticks. Enjoy your new button pin.


Выберите пункт назначения. Путешествуйте в одиночку или в компании. Выбирайте жилье в центре населенного пункта. Путешествуйте налегке.

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While the idea of showing up at an airport and buying a ticket on the spot may sound fun, it’s unrealistic and likely quite expensive. Decide if you want to travel domestically or abroad, and then pick a city, series of cities, or region that you’d like to visit. At this point, you should also consider your financial situation: how long can you afford to travel for? International travel generally costs more than domestic, although frugal decisions while abroad can save substantial money.  For example, if you’re interested in touring the American northwest, you could spend a full week in a large city like Seattle, or you could divide your time between several cities, like Seattle, Tacoma, and Portland. If you’re traveling abroad, you may need to obtain a travel visa for the country you’re visiting. These can take some time to obtain. Contact the State Department of the country you’re planning to visit to find out if you need a travel visa and how to apply for this document. Spontaneous travel can be successful and fun whether or not you’re part of a group (or a pair), but solo travelers typically need to be more mindful of their own safety. If you’re traveling alone, make sure to book a hotel with a 24-hour front desk so you can check in late, and stay in open, public places at night. It’s also smart to regularly keep in touch with a friend or family member at home, who knows your travel itinerary. Whether you’re traveling with a group or alone, avoid wearing flashy jewelry or clothing, and each member of your party should carry more than one form of official identification (e.g. a passport and a driver’s license). Staying in the middle of a city or region will give you access to plenty of cultural and local events and places like theaters, concert venues, restaurants and bars, museums, and other places to visit. Once you’ve unpacked your bags in a town, plan to stay a few days; you can leave your schedule open and spontaneously visit areas of interest. If you decide to move between several cities or regions...


Выберите размер лоскута. Выберите размер самого одеяла и рассчитайте, сколько лоскутов понадобится для того, чтобы связать его. Продолжайте в том же духе!

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About 5 or 6 inches (12.7 or 15.2 cm) is a pretty good size - big enough to get stuck into the knitting, and quick enough that your blanket will start to look interesting quickly!  Each time you finish a row, attach it to the previous row. Eventually you can stop, when your blanket is as long as you'd like it to be.


Выберите разновидность бегонии для посадки. Выберите место. Подготовьте почву. Знайте, когда посадить.

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There are two general types of begonias: those grown from seeds, and those grown from tubers/bulbs. The seed-started begonias tend to be a bit smaller and difficult to grow, while bulb begonias are sturdier and larger plants. Both varieties come in many color options including shades of pink, white, purple, yellow, and red. Bulb and seed begonias are annuals, although the bulbs can be saved and replanted in later years. Growing begonias from seeds or bulbs is quite difficult, so it is recommended that you head to your local nursery to pick up a small potted begonia to transplant.  In rare opportunities, you may find a type of perennial begonia, but these aren’t common. You can choose to start begonias from cuttings as well. Begonias are one of many common flowers that can be grown successfully both indoors and outdoors. They like light or dappled (rather than full) shade, making them the perfect addition to your houseplant collection. If you plant your begonias in a pot, choose a location in your house on an eastern, western, or southern facing window. They can also be placed on a shaded porch, which gets plenty of ambient sunlight. If you’re planting them in garden, place them in a shady patch under other larger plants or on the northern side of your garden.  Begonias can handle partial sun, but avoid placing them in direct sunlight. Also, red-leaved begonias handle heat better than green-leaved begonias. If the shade is too dense, your begonias won’t grow properly. Choose an area with indirect sunlight and partial shade. If you don’t have any indoor window space for potted begonias, you’ll need to use a fluorescent lamp in order to provide them with a bit of light. Rather, don’t prepare soil at all, as begonias grow better in soil-free garden mix than then do in typical ‘dirt’. Prepare a mixture of ⅔ peat moss and ⅓ soil-free potting mixture (available at gardening supply stores and nurseries). Begonias like acidic, well-draining environments which the peat moss mixture easily provide. If you must use soil...


Выберите разновидность зерна. Определитесь со степенью обжарки. Купите свежие цельные зерна.

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Robusta beans have a bolder taste and up to twice the caffeine of arabica, but most are bitter and less appealing.  If you're not a coffee snob and want a more powerful morning kick, you can probably find an acceptable blend with up to 15% robusta. If you prefer a brighter taste, stick to 100% arabica. Opinion is divided among espresso fans, but many do prefer a significant amount of robusta. Despite popular myths, roasting barely affects caffeine content, except for a small decrease after an extremely dark roast. Most people still consider a dark roast "strong" because of its bold, bitter taste. Medium or light roasts won't punch you in the teeth, but they'll keep you just as alert. Keep in mind that it's much easier for a roaster to ruin the flavor with a fully dark roast. Medium-dark roasts (including Vienna and Full-City roasts) also make a strong brew, but tend to have more complex flavor overtones as well. Recently roasted beans have a much more powerful, enjoyable flavor. Try to use all your coffee within one or two weeks to maintain a bold experience.  This has no effect on caffeine levels. To keep the beans fresh, store in an airtight container away from light, at room temperature. Try a ceramic container with a metal and rubber latch.


Выберите разновидность фенхеля. Посадите фенхель на открытом воздухе. Посадите фенхель в помещении. Ухаживайте за фенхелем.

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The type of fennel you choose to grow will depend on what part of the fennel plant you wish to use -- the bulb, the fronds or the seeds.   Florence Fennel is grown for its bulbous stem, which can be eaten raw, grilled or baked. It is also possible to eat the thicker stalks which sprout from the bulb, as they are similar to celery.  Herb fennel does not produce the same bulbous stem. It is grown for its delicate leaves, which are used as a herb. Herb fennel also produces seeds which have a licorice-like flavor (as does the rest of the plant) and are used for seasoning. The process for planting both varieties of fennel is the same. The seeds should be planted directly into the garden, around the time of the last spring frost.  Plant the fennel seeds in fertile, well drained soil. If necessary, loosen the soil a little before planting and add in some compost and a little soil for drainage. Plant the seeds approximately ten inches apart and cover them with a light layer of soil, about 1⁄8 inch (0.3 cm) deep. It's probably a good idea to plant a few more seeds than you need, then thin them out later. Plant the fennel far away from any dill or coriander -- these plants tend to cross-pollinate, which reduces seed production and affects the taste. You can use an almanac to determine when the last frost typically occurs in your area. If you prefer, you can plant the fennel seeds in containers approximately 4 weeks before the last spring frost.  Once the seedlings have grown to height of 3 or 4 inches (7.6 or 10.2 cm), you can harden them off in a cool greenhouse or cold frame before transplanting them to the garden. Alternatively, you can keep the fennel in a container. As fennel is a deep-rooted plant, it will require a container at last 12 inches (30.5 cm) deep, filled with light soil with some added gravel for drainage. If you plant more than one fennel plant in a container of this size, it will be too crowded to produce a large bulb, but you will still be able to enjoy the leaves and seeds. Fennel grows best in...


Выберите разновидность. Выберите солнечное место. Подготовьте почву. Высаживайте семена ранней весной. Прореживание.

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Different varieties of sorrel grow to different heights, and each has a unique flavor. Many nurseries offering sorrel will just label it "sorrel," without naming the variety, but if you're offered a choice or if you're buying seeds instead of established plants, look for the following distinctions:   French sorrel: Grows 6 to 12 inches (15.2 to 30.5 cm) tall; lemony leaves are used in salads.  Garden sorrel: Gets very tall, up to 3 feet (0.9 m), and is good for salads or sautéing.  Blood sorrel: Has beautiful reddish leaves that are only edible when very young.  Common sorrel: A wild variety that is edible when the leaves are very young. Sorrel grows best in full sun, so choose a planting spot that gets at least six hours a day. A spot with a little partial shade is fine, but be sure not to plant sorrel in a very shady place.  If you're in growing zone 5 or warmer, your sorrel will grow as a perennial once established. Bear this in mind when you choose a planting spot. Do not plant sorrel near other vegetables that will grow tall, such as beans or tomatoes. Strawberries make a good companion plant. Test the soil in your preferred planting bed to make sure it's suitable for sorrel. Sorrel needs a soil pH of 5.5 to 6.8. When you've chosen a good patch, till the soil to a depth of 6 inches (15.2 cm). Mix in organic compost to enrich the soil so that it's very fertile.  Sorrel needs well-draining soil. Dig a hole and fill it with water to see how well the soil drains. If the water stands for a while before draining, mix in more organic compost and a little sand to help it drain better. You can get a soil pH testing kit at any local nursery. It's a good tool to have on hand for any vegetable gardener. If you wish, grow sorrel in a pot filled with fertile potting soil. Make sure it's at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) deep. Sorrel is frost hardy and can be planted several weeks before the last frost of the season. Work the garden bed and plant the sorrel seeds in 1⁄2 inch (1.3 cm) deep holes spaced 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to...


Выберите распространенные, простые в выращивании пресноводные аквариумные растения. Используйте мхи для украшения дна и переднего фона аквариума. Купите взрослые растения, если вы хотите сразу придать аквариуму завершенный вид. Самостоятельно вырастите растения из молодых отростков, если вас интересует недорогой вариант украшения аквариума. Создайте в аквариуме интересный вид, используя растения различного размера.

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Freshwater plants have different lighting requirements and can sometimes be difficult to maintain. Luckily, there are some easy options for beginners that will create the look you want in your aquarium. Look for plants that are labeled as Echinoderms, Lilaeopsis, Anarchies, or Anubis.  Good options for tall plants include Amazon Sword and Java Fern. Amazon Sword grows quickly and easily, providing great cover for your wiring and filter system if it’s visible from behind your tank. Java Fern has long leaves and provides good protection for fish. For medium-sized plants, great choices include Anubias Nana and Dwarf Sagittaria. Anubias Nana has curved stems with rounded leaves. Dwarf Sagittaria has long green leaves with curved blades and grows well around hard tank decorations like stone figurines. Easy to grow freshwater mosses include Java Moss, Willow Moss, and Water Wisteria. Moss is a low-growing plant, so you can put it in the front of your tank without obscuring other plants. It also helps keep your tank clean. Moss grows quickly, so you will see fast results with this plant.  Moss grows best with medium to bright light.  Mosses are often edible for fish. You will still need to feed your fish, however. Not all fish will eat the moss. Another great option for the bottom and forefront of your tank is a plant called dwarf baby tears. This lush, leafy plant grows quickly like moss but it has a more shrub-like appearance. This plant grows best in bright light. Full grown plants are more expensive, but they are the easiest way to get the look you want immediately. Choose plants that have started to bud and have white roots.  Inspect the plants to make sure that they are free of snails, shrimp, and algae.  You can buy aquarium plants at a local pet shop or aquarium store. You can also find them online. Research the seller before you make a purchase to ensure that they have a reputation for clean, healthy plants. While it will take longer for your final look to develop, cuttings are more economical. To grow...


Выберите раствор для компресса. Приложите холодный компресс. Повторите.

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One of the best treatments for a sun rash is a cold compress soaked in a special mixture. There are many different substances you can use to help your skin. Each has benefits, so you can see which one works best for you. You may have a sensitivity to some of the herbs listed, so try them out on a small patch of skin before you apply them to your rash. These soaks include:  Distilled or tap water, which can be boiled and then cooled before application. Diluted chamomile and green tea, which has healing properties. Make 2–3 normal cups of tea, dilute it with equal amounts of water, and let it cool. Milk, which should be straight from the fridge so it's as cold as possible. Undiluted aloe vera juice, which should be chilled. Coconut milk, which should be cooled in the refrigerator.  Equal parts of apple cider vinegar and cold water. Baking soda. Mix 1 tablespoon (14.4 g) of baking soda with 1 cup (240 ml) of chilled water. Turmeric and buttermilk. Mix 1 cup (240 ml) of buttermilk and 1 tablespoon (9.5 g) of turmeric, which contains antioxidants that can promote healing and decrease itching. Once you decide on your soak, you need to apply the compress. Take an unbleached, clean white washcloth and soak it in your chosen mixture. Once it is saturated, wring the mixture out a little so it isn't dripping everywhere. Leave enough in so your face will get wet. Place the cloth on the affected area. You can leave the cold compress on your skin for 30 to 60 minutes. You can also use this method as many time as a day as necessary, so you can repeat immediately or whenever the itching and irritation return to your rash.


Выберите растворитель. Используйте защитные средства. Позаботьтесь о хорошей вентиляции помещения. Используйте кисть или валик для обработки пятна растворителем. Удалите шелушащуюся краску. Очистите деревянную поверхность уайт-спиритом. Подождите неделю, прежде чем приступать к полировке мебели.

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The most common paint stripper is methylene chloride. It’s extremely potent and should be used with care. There are solvents that are citrus-based and more environmentally friendly, but these are still dangerous and proper safety precautions should be taken. Solvents can be purchased at your local hardware or paint store. Wear eye protection, like safety glasses or goggles, and a ventilation mask to protect yourself from the harmful vapors. It’s also a good idea to wear gloves and long sleeves since the product could splash. Work outside if possible, but if the wood can’t be moved, open all windows and doors. Set a fan behind you so that the airflow blows the fumes away from you and out a window or door. Use a paintbrush or paint roller to apply a thin coat of the solvent to the paint. Allow it to sit for about 20 minutes, or however long the instructions recommend. The paint will begin to bubble as the solvent is working. Use a blunt plastic scraper to scratch off the paint that has begun bubbling and peeling. Avoid using sharp metal tools that will gauge the wood. Collect the peeling paint in a disposable container or plastic bag. Some manufacturers claim that water alone will clean the area, but the best way to ensure the wood is neutralized is to wipe it with a rag soaked in mineral spirits. Give the wood at least a week to completely dry and air out before you attempt to apply any stains or waxes.


Выберите растение. Выберите солнечное место. Проверяем почву на дренаж. Проверьте уровень рН почвы.

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It's a good idea to pick out a plant sold by a local nursery, since it will provide varieties that do well in your climate. There are many different species of lavender that each have slightly different needs, so if you order a plant online you might not end up with one that will do well in your region. If your local nursery doesn't sell lavender, do a little online research to find out which varieties work well in your area. The most important factor will be the climate. If it gets cold or very wet where you live, you'll want a hardier species like Mustead or Hidcote. If you live in a place with very mild winters and hot, dry summers, you'll have more options available to you. Lavender is native to Mediterranean countries. To help it thrive in your yard, you'll need to recreate a similar hot, dry, seaside environment. Choose the sunniest spot in your yard for lavender, as it needs at least eight hours of sun every day to grow healthy. Look for a spot that's sheltered, but not shaded. Lavender can blow over in high winds, so it's a good idea to plant it near a wall or other large plants that don't loom too high, but are large enough to block the wind. Lavender won't grow well in damp, soggy soil. It needs dry, sandy soil that drains very quickly so the roots won't rot. Check the soil's drainage by digging a hole and filling it with water. If the water drains quickly, the soil should be fine. If it stands in the hole and drains slowly, you'll need to amend the soil or find another spot.  You can improve soil drainage by tilling the soil to a depth of about six inches and mixing in some builder's sand. This helps mimic the beachy natural conditions in which lavender plants thrive. You could also choose to grow lavender in a pot or a raised bed, which allows you to control the soil's properties more carefully and tailor them to the lavender's needs. Purchase a pH soil tester from a garden center or nursery to check wither the soil is alkaline enough for lavender. The ideal pH level for lavender is between 6.5...


Выберите растение. Разделите астильбу. Замочите корни.

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Select an Astilbe that is several years old, since Astilbe plants develop large, clumpy roots after a few years. Astilbe come in multiple attractive colours including white, red, pink, peach, and purple. Extract the plant from the ground or container it sits in. Cut a large section of roots from the plant using clean gardening shears. Select a section with a “crown” or heart. The crown should appear somewhat dried out, but even a crown that is slightly immature should still survive. Sit the crown in a bucket of lukewarm water for several hours or overnight. Soaking the roots encourages them to thrive on their own.


Выберите растительное масло. Натрите кожуру. Разогрейте масло с цедрой. Снимите кастрюлю с огня.

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When infusing an oil, you will want to choose something that has a mild flavor and accepts the taste of whatever is being cooked in it. Olive oil is widely available and easy to infuse. However, its own flavor can be too strong. Consider using extra virgin olive, peanut, grapeseed, or avocado oils. These oils all have lighter flavors. Choosing a lighter oil will help ensure that your oil has the taste and aroma that you want. Before you start, make sure that you wash and dry your orange to avoid introducing any pesticides into your oil. Then, use a zester, Microplane, or a peeler to grate off the orange peel. The number of oranges used with vary depending on the amount of infused oil you are making. In general, you need about 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of zest for every cup of oil. Avoid removing any pith. Place the orange zest in a small saucepan and cover it with oil. Warm the pan over medium heat for about five minutes or until the oil begins to bubble. Do not let the oil and zest get too hot or it will begin to burn and ruin the flavor and smell. Heating the orange zest extracts the orange oil that will be infused with your other oil. Let the saucepan cool for a few minutes. For a milder infusion, use a slotted spoon to remove the pieces of zest from the oil while it is cooling. If you would like it to have a stronger flavor, leave the zest in the oil while it cools and strain it out before bottling. If you remove the zest during cooling, your oil will have a lighter coloring. If the zest stays in during cooling, you will have a cloudier coloring.


Выберите расу.

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Before choosing, consider how would you feel playing a certain race. Remember that you will spend months and maybe years watching your character from his or her back, so keep that in mind when picking a race. For example, you may find Gnomes' movements and voice a little annoying, Undead characters' bones poking through their armor a little disturbing, or Orcs' roughness a little unpleasant.  The possible races are:   Human (Alliance): Start in Northshire Valley.  Extra points to Spirit.  Dwarf (Alliance):  Start in Coldridge Valley.  Extra points to Strength and Stamina.  Night Elf (Alliance):  Start in Shadowglen.  Extra points to Agility.  Gnome (Alliance): Start in Gnomeregan, the city of the Gnomes. (Originally started in Coldridge Valley with the Dwarves).  Extra points to Agility, Intellect, and Spirit.  Draenei (Alliance): Start in Ammen Vale.  Extra points to Strength, Intellect, and Spirit.  Worgen (Alliance): Start in Gilneas City.  Extra points to Strength and Agility.  Pandaren (both): Start in Wandering Isle.  Extra points to Stamina and Spirit.  Orc (Horde): Start in Valley of Trials.  Extra points to Strength, Stamina, and Spirit.  Undead (Horde): Start in Deathknell.  Extra points to Stamina and Spirit.  Tauren (Horde): Start in Red Cloud Mesa.  Extra points to Strength, Stamina, and Spirit.  Troll (Horde):  Start in Valley of Trials (except in Cataclysm, where they start in Echo Isles).  Extra points to Strength, Agility, Stamina, and Spirit.  Blood Elf (Horde):  Start in Sunstrider Isle.  Extra points to Agility and Intellect.  Goblin (Horde):  Start in Kezan.  Extra points to Agility and Intellect.


Выберите ребенка. Займитесь поиском ребенка. Изучите совпадения. Познакомьтесь с ребенком. Получите разрешение на перемещение. Закончите процедуру усыновления.

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After you have determined that adoption is the right path for you, make a decision on what type of adoption you want to pursue. You will have to make many decisions – age, race, special needs, domestic, international, or foster – before you move forward. Take time to make the right decision.  If you already have a child or children, think about how an adopted child would adapt to your established family structure. Consider the community you live in. If you choose a child with disabilities or of a different ethnic background, will they thrive in this environment? Think about your own abilities. Can you manage to raise an infant by yourself? Do you have the financial means to adopt a child and get them through college? Are there enough available resources around you to care for a special needs adoption? Stay open-minded and don't narrow the possibilities. There are many children who need good homes and families. Consider adopting more than one child. The more the merrier. Once you have completed the home study and selected an adoption agency, it is time to search for a child. Predetermine what type of child best suits your personality and lifestyle; get advice from friends and family; and network with others who have adopted in the past so that you can register for a match.  It is important to remain patient since this step could take a long time until a match is found. Once your home study is being reviewed for a match, information will be sent to you about the child up for adoption. This is a time when you can ask further questions. Then you must either confirm or withdraw your interest. Remember that case workers receive several requests and you are not the only person who may have the opportunity to adopt. The final decision will always rest on the child's needs. Once the case worker decides you are the right match, more confidential information is shared so that you can confirm this child is suitable for you.  Once the match is approved, the child's parental rights will be terminated so that you can adopt...


Выберите режим сушки фруктов. Помойте инжир и разрежьте плоды на четыре части. Разложите инжир на полки дегидратора мякотью вверх. Сушите плоды в течение 6–8 часов. Достаньте инжир с дегидратора и позвольте ему остыть. Храните сушеный инжир в холодильнике или морозильнике в герметичных контейнерах.

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If your dehydrator doesn't have a fruit setting, turn it 135° F (57° C). Rinse the figs in cool water, then dry them with a dishcloth. Use a paring knife to remove the stems and cut the figs in quarters on a cutting board. Make sure to leave some room in between the fig pieces so air can circulate around them. The amount of time will depend on the climate in your area as well as the size of the figs. Check them after 8 hours to see if they are dry to the touch, but still pliable and chewy. If so, they're done. Once the figs are done, carefully remove the trays from the dehydrator and place them on a heat-resistant surface. Let them cool completely before storing them. Put the dried figs in Tupperware containers or Ziploc bags. They'll keep in the freezer for up to 3 years or in the fridge for several months.


Выберите режим. Наполните поддоны. Загрузите инструменты в автоклав. Включите автоклав. Проверьте цвет тестовой полоски. Ведите записи. Проводите биологический контроль в автоклаве раз в квартал. Проверьте результаты теста.

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Autoclaves use high temperature steam emitted at a high pressure over a certain period of time to sterilize medical objects. This works by killing the microorganisms through time, heat, steam, and pressure. There are different settings on an autoclave machine that work for different things. Since you have bags of instruments, you should use the fast exhaust and dry cycle. This works best for wrapped items like instruments. Autoclaving fast exhaust will also sterilize glassware. You need to place your instrument bags onto the trays that go into the autoclave machine. You should stack them in a single row. They should not be on top of one another. The steam needs to get to each instrument in each bag. You need to make sure that all instruments remain apart during the sterilization cycle. Leave space between them to allow steam to circulate. Set the trays about 1-inch apart in the machine to permit steam circulation. Don't overload the sterilizer trays. Overloading will cause inadequate sterilization and drying. You should also make sure the instruments don't shift and overlap when you set them inside the machine. Place any empty canisters upside-down to prevent accumulation of water. The autoclave machine should run for a certain period of time at a specific temperature and pressure. Wrapped instruments should be in the autoclave at 250 degrees for 30 minutes at 15 PSI or 273 degrees for 15 minutes at 30 PSI. Once the machines has run, you need to open the door a small bit to let the steam out. Then, run the drying cycle on the autoclave until the instruments are dry. Drying should take about 30 additional minutes. After they are finished drying, take the trays of pouches out of the autoclave with sterile tongs. You now need to check the indicator tape on the pouches. If the tape turned the color according to the manufacturer's instructions, it's been exposed to 250 degree or higher heat and considered decontaminated. If the tape does not turn a different color or you see wet spots inside the pouch, then the...


Выберите режущий инструмент. Убедитесь, что ножницы чистые. Будьте внимательны во время стрижки ногтей.

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You can use nail clippers or manicure scissors. The choice is largely a matter of preference. Consider the pros and cons of each option:  Nail clippers are cheap, simple, and widely available. They cut your nails along a set concave edge – which can be very convenient if the clippers fit your nails, but frustrating if the crescent is too large or too small. Toenail clippers usually feature a heavier bite and a straighter edge to contend with thicker nails and the risk of ingrown toenails. Manicure scissors are less common than nail clippers, but some people greatly prefer them. You may need somewhat more finesse to trim your nails with manicure scissors. However, you also have more control over the arc of the cut. As their name suggests, manicure scissors are usually best-suited to hand care. You'll want to use a heavier-duty set of clippers on your feet. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources and Services Administration says that it is too dangerous to use other sharp cutting tools—such as knives, razor blades, or regular scissors—to trim your nails. The tool may slip and injure the skin surrounding the nail. If possible, buy your own set of nail-cutting tools, and keep separate sets for your fingernails and toenails. Wash the implements regularly with a disinfectant for the sake of sanitation. Dish detergent or antibacterial soap will do: just soak the cutting tools for 10 minutes in a bowl of hot, soapy water. Make sure that you set up a place for the clippings to go; you may offend other people if you leave chunks of your nails strewn all over the floor. Consider clipping your nails into a trashcan or a compost bin. Hold your fingers and toes directly over the receptacle, and try to track down the clippings that fly astray. Try not to clip your nails in public spaces, and avoid clipping near people that are talking. You can, indeed, compost fingernails and toenails. They won't add much bulk to the pile, but they are organic matter and they will decompose. Don't try to compost...


Выберите реквизит. Потренируйтесь вести себя в стиле Алисы. Пригласите друзей присоединиться.

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Think about what part of the story you like best and consider if there is an object you could carry that would signal to others your character.  One good option would be to carry a stuffed animal such as a white rabbit or a striped cat.  A plastic flamingo could work well for enacting the croquet scene. Some playing cards, a white rose or a paintbrush could link you to the Disney song “We’re Painting the Roses Red.” An old fashioned bottle with the label “drink me” might fit well in a pinafore pocket. Reread the book, or watch your favorite film version and pay attention to what lines you particularly like.  Write down ideas of phrases that you could plausibly work into conversation.  If you are at a party, pretend to grow or shrink as you eat food or have a drink. Alice is well known for saying “curiouser and curiouser!” in reaction to the many strange things she sees. The Disney film features several songs that you could sing or hum if the occasion arises. If your friends are also dressed as characters from Alice in Wonderland it will be easy for everyone to recognize your chosen character.  The Mad Hatter is a very popular option from the Burton film. The White Rabbit would be a warm costume for a winter activity.


Выберите рельсы. Положите рельсы. Положите электрические рельсы. Установите красные факелы у электрических рельсов. Установите рычаг рядом с рельсами. Установите прочный блок в начале и в конце железной дороги. Установите вагонетку в начале пути. Сядьте в вагонетку. Смотрите вперед и нажмите кнопку «Вперед».

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Select the rails in your equip bar at the bottom of the screen. Face the ground, then right-click, tap, or press the left trigger to place your rails.  You can run tracks up and down hills. If you place a track at a 90-degree angle to the main track, it will automatically connect via a bend. You don't need long sections of these, but you should place them intermittently throughout the railway system to keep your cart moving. This especially applies if you want your cart to go up a hill. This will activate them permanently. If your powered rails aren't activated by redstone, they'll slow and eventually stop your minecart. One redstone torch will power the closest 14 connected powered rails. A lever next to a powered rail will allow you to turn off or on the rail, which is useful if you want to make a stop at a specific point along the railway system. This will prevent your minecart from flying off of the rail or getting stuck. If you don't do this, your minecart will derail at the end of the rail and you'll have to create a new one. Select the minecart in your equip bar, face the beginning of the rail, and right-click, tap, or press the left trigger. Face your minecart and select it to jump in. The default "Forward" action is pressing W on a computer, tapping the upward-facing arrow on Minecraft PE, and moving the left analog stick up on console editions. Your minecart will immediately begin to move down the track. You can reverse the minecart's direction by facing the other way and pressing the "Forward" option again.


Выберите репу. Выбирайте репу среднего и маленького размера. Почистите репу. Нарежьте репу кубиками примерно по 1,5 см.

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Rinse them with running water. Then, soak them for a few minutes to dislodge dirt and rinse again. Set aside turnips that are already losing their firmness for immediate use. . Discard the peels or use them in compost. Clean peels are a good addition to vegetable stock. into one-half inch (1.6cm) cubes.


Выберите ресторан. Забронируйте столик заранее. Запланируйте дополнительные мероприятия. Забронируйте номер в отеле. Купите подарок. Выберите подходящую одежду.

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Choose a place that you know your partner likes. Maybe there is a restaurant that has sentimental value, like where you had your first date. If this isn’t an option, choose a place that serves the kind of food your partner enjoys, like a French restaurant. It should be some place that is fancier than where you would normally eat, but you don’t have to pay hundreds of dollars. You should be able to get a quality dinner for two that costs under $100, but if you want to splurge on something extra fancy, you can do that too.  If you are trying somewhere new, read reviews first to make sure that people had a good experience there. You could look on Yelp to see how other people liked the restaurant. Look for a place with a romantic ambiance rather than a family-style dining place. It should be a restaurant where you will be able to talk and that has a good tone, like candlelit tables and tasteful artwork on the walls. This is important so that you are sure they will be able to seat you that night. It will also keep you from having to wait for a very long time at a busy place. Simply call the restaurant ahead of time and tell them when you need the table reserved. Besides sharing a romantic meal with your loved one, you can plan something for after dinner. You could take your partner out dancing or to a jazz club or to a movie or to live theatre. Think about the activities your partner enjoys and the interests your partner has and choose a special event for after you eat.   Depending on where you go, you may need to buy tickets in advance. You could also keep it low key and simply take a moonlit walk together. If you wish to spend the night with your partner out of the house, book a hotel room. Try to find some place nice, and be prepared to spend at least $100, perhaps even $300 depending on the city you are in. It doesn’t need to be a 5-star hotel, but look for one that is tasteful and elegant, perhaps something like a Marriott. If you wish, you could buy your partner a gift to show your affection. Flowers,...


Выберите рецепт маски или придумайте собственный. Подготовьте все необходимое. Сделайте маску. Нанесите маску. Нанесите тоник и увлажняющее средство.

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There are a variety of turmeric mask recipes that can be used on your face. These combine turmeric with ingredients that will both help your skin and help the turmeric stick to your skin. Common ingredients for a turmeric face mask include: honey, yogurt, milk, avocado, oat or chickpea flour, and lemon.  One recipe you can use is to combine 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of chickpea flour, a quarter teaspoon (1 ml) of turmeric powder, 2 teaspoons (30 ml) of honey, and enough yogurt, milk, or water to make the mixture into a paste.  For a really simple mask, simply combine a quarter teaspoon (1 ml) turmeric with 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of honey. This mixture is easily applied to the face due to the stickiness of the honey. For skin that is dry but also prone to breakouts, combine 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of turmeric with half a mashed avocado. Make your own special combination if you like! If you have any of the ingredients normally used in face masks on hand, simply combine what you have and use it. You can find dried turmeric in most natural food stores in the dietary supplement section. You can also easily find it and buy it online. If you are interested in using fresh turmeric, look in your local natural food store. Fresh turmeric is usually stored near fresh ginger in your store's produce section. It is not always available, so if you can't find it be sure to ask the produce worker at your store if it is available. Combine the ingredients of your mask in a bowl, making sure to mix ingredients completely. Whatever recipe you choose, make sure that the resulting mixture is liquid enough to apply to the face but not so runny that it will run off your face. This means that it should be the consistency of a thick mud. Apply the turmeric mask so it comes in direct contact with your acne. Use your fingers, a fan brush, or a small spatula to smooth the mixture all over your face. Apply a thick layer to your face so that the mask doesn’t dry out too quickly. Like with all beauty masks, be sure to avoid getting it in your eyes,...


Выберите рецепт шашлыка или подберите свои собственные ингредиенты. Если следовать рецепту, в котором используется мясо, его сначала маринуют. Замочите деревянные шпажки для шашлыка в миске с водой. Порежьте ваши ингредиенты на мелкие кусочки. Насадите компоненты на шпажку плотно друг к другу.

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Usually, kebabs contain meat and/or vegetables, though seafood like  scallops, fruit, and other ingredients are also sometimes used. Choose a selection of ingredients that suit you - there's no "wrong" answer here. Popular choices for kebab meat are chicken, steak, pork, sausage, lamb, shrimp, and fish; for vegetables are onions, mushrooms, green or red peppers, courgette, and tomatoes; and for fruit are pineapples, peaches, or apples. While any combination of the ingredients above should work well, certain kebab dishes with set recipes can also be attempted. Many traditional kebab recipes use lamb as their main meat. Below are just a few traditional recipes and their key ingredients  Kofta kebabs - lamb pieces seasoned with many spices Chelow kebabs - boneless lamb served over saffron rice Sheekh kebabs - ground lamb seasoned with cilantro and mint and prepared in a tandoor (traditional Indian oven) If you plan to grill meat, you may want to prepare a marinade, though it's certainly not essential. Soaking your meat in a marinade before grilling can give it the flavor of your marinade ingredients, creating new taste combinations that wouldn't be possible with un-marinated meat. Typically, to marinate meat, the meat is put in an airtight container (like a ziplock bag) with, at the very least, oil and an acid (for instance, vegetable oil and lemon juice). Usually, additional seasonings and herbs are added to these base liquids to build more complex flavors. For example, here are the ingredients an all-purpose teriyaki marinade that's suitable for beef, chicken, and more: Vegetable oil Soy sauce Lemon juice Garlic Pepper Worcestershire sauce When it comes to kebab grilling, you generally have two options in terms of skewers - metal or wood/bamboo. The former are sturdier and more durable, but more expensive, while the latter are cheaper and more convenient. If you choose to use wooden or bamboo skewers, soak the skewers in water for at least 30 minutes prior to cooking. This will help keep them moist during...


Выберите розы с лучшими бутонами. Натяните бельевую веревку в прохладном темном помещении.

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You want a rose which has a nice bloom, but also no moisture or flaws.  The moisture will cause molding and the flaws will be exaggerated in the drying process.  You can use blooms which have opened a bit, but don't use a rose which is already beginning to fall apart and lose its petals. Find a room which you don't use often, like a laundry room, attic or a utility closet.  The space should still have good ventilation to allow the moisture to escape.  Stretch a clothes line or rope between 2 points in this room and tie it securely.  Make sure it is sturdy enough to hold your roses. You want to choose a dark space.  The color of your roses will darken in the drying process, but exposing them to light will increase this color change, while using a dark space will reduce the alteration in the rose color.


Выберите ролевую игру вживую, если вам нравятся действия, игровые бои. Найдите интересующий вас тип ролевой игры вживую. Поймите терминологию. Ознакомьтесь с правилами игры. Создайте своего персонажа и убедитесь, что он соответствует миру РИЖД. Получите костюм, если это необходимо. Оставайтесь персонажем, когда есть такая возможность. Найдите место для ролевой игры или группу для игры. Будьте готовы к длительным сессиям ролевой игры. Не бойтесь общаться с другими людьми, но и не обращайте особого внимания на них.

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Many people like to compare live-action roleplaying to playing "pretend." That is, you hang out with other people and pretend that you are someone else, such as a vampire or a pirate. Some live-action roleplays are action-based, where you fight opponents with boffers (weapons made from foam). Others are story-based, where you do not touch the other characters. Instead, you decide whether you win or lose a battle by rolling dice, playing rock-paper-scissors, or comparing character stats.   Story-based live-action roleplays are also called "theater-style" or "freeform." Some live-action meet regularly in a public area, while others meet seldom (ie: once a month or once a year) in a staged area, such as a campground or hotel. When you first enter the world of LARPing, you may hear certain terms that are completely new to you. Most of them are pretty self-explanatory, but some might be confusing. Different groups might have different terms for certain things, but the following are the most common:  LARP: stands for "live-action roleplay." Boffer: a foam padded weapon, commonly used in action-based LARPs. Game master: the person in charge of leading the LARP's story. He or she will be in charge of bringing in new characters, dilemmas, etc. They may also be called a "Storyteller," and are common in story-based LARPs. NPC: stands for "non-player character." They are unavailable to the other players, and are usually played by the game master. PC: stands for "player character." This is the character that you, the LARPer, plays. Crew: also called "stagehands." They help the game master setup the event. Some may also play NPCs. They will vary depending on which group you join. For example, action-based LARPs often have rules against where you can or can't hit a person with a boffer (ie: the head). Story-based LARPs, on the other hand, often have no-touching rules. Breaking these rules may result in disciplinary action, such as a temporary ban or point deduction. Many LARPs require you to be in character. You have to...


Выберите руководителя команды. Определите позиции игроков. Придумайте название команды. Купите инвентарь.

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This can be you or someone else on the team. If you choose someone else, make sure they're responsible. The team manager will have to schedule practices and games. They'll also be in charge of collecting the money to pay for supplies and league fees.  If no one on the team wants that much responsibility, split the job of manager into three smaller jobs. Make one person treasurer (they're in charge of the money), one person general manager (they're in charge of reaching out to players before games), and one person secretary (they're in charge of scheduling).  If your team is going to have a coach, make the coach the team manager. To have an effective team, you'll need goalkeepers, midfielders, forwards, and back defenders. Ask the players on your team what positions they want. You can also run drills to get a sense of everyone's strengths and weaknesses and assign positions that way. Different positions require different skill sets.  Goalkeepers should be observant and quick with their hands so they can stop balls from going in the goal. Midfielders should be fast and enjoy running. Forwards should be good at scoring. Back defenders should be good at watching the ball and kicking it away from the goal. You'll need a name if you're going to compete, and it's nice to have something everyone on the team can rally around. Decide as a team what your team name will be. Choose a name that goes with your team's personality.  For example, if your team likes to joke around, you could go with a funny team name like "The D-Feeters" or "The Goal Diggers." If your team is serious about winning, you could choose an intimidating team name like "The Annihilators" or "The Nightmares." Get one soccer ball per player so every player has a ball to practice with. Make sure you get a pump in case one of the balls goes flat. You'll also want cones for practices. If you can't practice somewhere with a goal, get a portable goal to use instead. Have everyone on the team pitch in for the equipment.


Выберите руно. Вымойте руно в горячей воде. Положите в сосуд стиральный порошок. Замочите руно в течение 45 минут. Отжимайте руно мягко в воде. Промойте и повторите. Дайте высохнуть. Прочесывание на кардере может быть выполнено несколькими способами .

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Try to get a fleece that has been just sheared, because the grease makes the wool softer. You will also need to keep a few things in mind when choosing your fleece. These include what you're making out of the spun yarn, color, and faults in the fleece that will make your spinning experience difficult!  Think about what you're planning to do with the finished yarn. Are you making socks? Weaving? Knitting? Making outerwear? Different kinds of fleece have different softness levels, which you'll need to look into when you're choosing the fleece to spin with. Watch for certain faults in the fleece that will inhibit your spinning. Avoid buying fleece with a break in it. If you give a lock of fleece a sharp tug and it breaks (typically in the middle), this will cause pilling in the roving and make for weak yarn. Fleece that has vegetable matter in it makes for difficult carding and cleaning (if you like combing the fleece and have the time, you can get this, but otherwise it's best not to). Check that the crimp of your fleece is even. Spread out the fleece and check at least three different areas (haunch, shoulder, mid-side, for example). You want to make sure that one area isn't coarser and hairier than another area. Wheel-to-flyer ratio determines what type of yarn can be spun. A wheel that has a ratio for medium or bulky yarns will be used for spinning wool, so the size of your yarn will depend on your wheel. Often you have to scour (wash) the fleece before carding and spinning. This is to remove the oils from it, which can make it difficult to spin. Although you can wash in cold water, it's recommended that you use hot water. You want the water to be hot enough to be uncomfortable, but not so hot that you can't actually wash the wool.   Use a large bathtub or basin. You can divide into sections to make it easier to wash it well, and so that you don't crowd the fleece. Some handspinners like to leave the grease in (called "spinning in the grease") and wait to clean the fiber when setting the twist into the yarn....


Выберите рыбок, от которых вы хотите получить потомство. Выберите аквариум для размножения. Обустройте аквариум. Отрегулируйте аквариум в соответствии с потребностями ваших рыбок. Перенесите гуппи в аквариум для размножения. Определите, когда ваши рыбки готовы рожать.

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Keep in mind the number of fish you want to breed, each fish’s coloring, and the shape of their tails. If you choose two fish to breed who have the same color patterns, the fry will also have that color pattern. The same principle applies for fin shape.  Number of fish: Generally, you will want to select one male and two or three female guppies for breeding. When there is a ratio of one to one, the male often becomes aggressive, chasing the female around the tank. With a one to three ratio, the male’s attention is split between three females, making breeding a less stressful process for the females.  Color pattern: There are several basic guppy patterns. These include Wild (grey or olive coloring), Albino (light colors or white with red eyes,) Blonde (light colors with black pigment,) and Blue (shimmering blue color.) Tail shape: The shape of guppy tails can range from a rounded back fin to a sword-like shape. There are many different shapes and sizes that guppy tails come in, but the most common are the Delta (which is a large triangular shape,) the Fantail (which is shaped like a fan,) and the Round tail (which is a small, round shape.) You should select a 10 to 20 gallon tank with a heater and a gentle filter. You want the filter to be gentle because otherwise the baby guppies (which are called fry) could be sucked up the filter and killed. If you think your filter is too strong, cover the opening of the filter with sheer tights. The tights will allow the water to be filtered but will also protect the fry. Sadly, guppy parents can turn rather cannibalistic so you will need to provide the fry with hiding places for after they are born. Guppy fry tend to sink, so use low-floating plants for their cover. Some high cover is also required as healthy fry will swim upwards.  Do not use any substrate. Substrate are the rocks/imitation rocks used to cover the bottoms of fish tanks. A bare bottom tank is good for fry as it cleans easily and you can record how many fry are alive or how much they eat. Java moss or...


Выберите рыбу. Нагрейте молоко с солью в кастрюле. Положите рыбу и варите ее. Проверьте, сварилась ли рыба. Достаньте рыбу.

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While you can poach any kind of fish, you should choose a fish that benefits from the flavor of being poached in milk. Delicate white fish works well and so do fillets of:  Bass Cod Haddock Halibut Salmon Sole, Tilapia Select a wide-bottomed saucepan and set it on the stove. Pour in 2 cups (500 ml) of whole milk and add a pinch of salt. Turn the heat on to low and bring the milk to a light simmer.  The milk should just bubble a little when it reaches a light simmer. You can also replace the milk with coconut milk, fish stock, or broth. Place two fillets of skinless fish in the pan with simmering milk. Each piece should be about 1/3 of a pound (150g). The milk should come about halfway up the sides of the fish. Continue to simmer the milk after you've added the fish and let it cook for 5 to 8 minutes.  Try to select fillets of fish that are similar in size. This will ensure that they cook evenly. You don't need to turn or flip the fish as it poaches. This could cause it to fall apart or overcook. Take a bamboo or metal skewer and insert it into the thickest part of the poached fish. The skewer should slide right in and be easy to remove. If it's hard to poke the skewer into the fish, it needs to poach a little longer. If you take a fork and gently rub it over the fish, the fish should flake. Let the fish cook for another minute and check it again. Fish cooks quickly so, check it frequently. Use a slotted spoon or fish turner to carefully lift the poached fish up and out of the milk. Serve the poached fish with fresh vegetables, roasted potatoes, rice, or a side of your choice. You can use the poaching liquid as a base for a creamy sauce. Try thickening the milk with a roux, cheese, or pureed vegetables (like cauliflower).


Выберите рыбу. Не надо сразу покупать всех и сразу. Путешествие от магазина до дома. После того как сотрудник магазина выловил вам рыбу, привезите ее домой, и опустите пакет в аквариум. Запустите рыбу в аквариум.

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. Discuss what type of freshwater, tropical fish you want to have with the salesperson.They should give you tips on which types can and can't get along, and so forth. Look for a locally-owned fish store in the area, since they tend to provide the most accurate information and high-quality fish. Quality pet stores usually have compatibility charts for freshwater and saltwater fish.  Although you may see two types of fish you really like, they may not be compatible. The result of bringing them both home would be harassed colorless fish (they lose color when stressed), and eventually the fish that is not the alpha bully will simply die. Why spend the money, right? Often, fish stores will have stickers that indicate whether the fish are "community" fish (highly recommended as they get along with other community fish), "semi-aggressive" or "aggressive". You may mix community fish together, but not a community with semi-aggressive. If this is your first tank, do not get fish that are only recommended for intermediate or experienced aquarium owners. Like owning a dog, there is a reason they are not for beginners. Be aware of the size of the adult fish (not the baby you're getting) and do not get a fish you won't be able to handle down the line. The same goes for freshwater sharks, crabs (who, by the way, try to escape all the time), Cichlids, and animals that bury themselves. It's not fair to the fish. Guppies, platies, swordtails, or mollies are good starter fish. But it all depends on your tank size. If your tank size is 5–10 gallons (18.9–37.9 L), you might get 3-4 African dwarf frogs, or a betta, or possibly a betta and some shrimp. Do lots of research before adding any fish to your tank.Do not only use the 1 inch (2.5 cm) of fish per gallon rule. Know all the fish you hope to eventually have in your fish tank and buy two of the smallest (this goes for all types except for schooling fish, which should be bought in groups of 4 (ideally 6+). You can introduce a new group of fish every 2 weeks. Add the largest fish...


Выберите рюкзак. Соберите все необходимые вещи. Разложите все свои вещи согласно весу. Попробуйте объединить вещи, если это возможно.

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When you're hiking, you'll appreciate having the lightest possible pack on your back. Choose the smallest and lightest backpack you can find that will hold all the supplies you need for your journey. If you're just going for a long day hike, you can get away with a smaller pack, but for an overnight backpacking trip you'll need a pack that will fit sleeping gear like a sleeping bag and tent, as well as plenty of extra food and water.  Backpack capacities are measured in liters, and you'll see backpacks for sale that can hold anywhere between 25 and 90. The average capacity for a day hike backpack is 25 to 40 liters (6.6 to 10.6 US gal), and the average for a hike that's five days or longer is 65 to 90.  Aside from the length of your trip, the other variable involved in choosing a backpack volume is the season in which you'll be hiking. You'll need a larger backpack for hiking during winter months, during which you'll need to carry heavier clothing and other extras. Most backpacks are manufactured with internal frames that help support the weight, though you can still find a few external-frame backpacks designed to bear the very heaviest loads In any case, rather than just carrying a standard school backpack, look for one especially made to carry weight while hiking for optimum comfort. When it comes to hiking you'll want to bring along only essential items. It might be tempting to bring along your camera, a journal, and your favorite pillow, but bringing unnecessary extras will weigh you down. Pack only as much as you need for the hike you're doing. Do research to find out what you should bring for the particular hike you're doing, taking into account how strenuous the hike will be, the number of nights you'll be sleeping out and the weather.  Consider springing for the lightest yet sturdiest gear possible, especially if you're going for a longer hike. For example, if you need to bring along a sleeping bag, you might want to get an extremely lightweight and compact bag weighing only a few pounds instead of...


Выберите самое подходящее время. Делайте частые перерывы. Подумайте, каким полезным делом заняться. Отвлекитесь от умственной деятельности. Двигайтесь.

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Mid-morning is the best time to take a significant break. Most people are ready for some type of pick-me-up by 10 or 11 a.m.Taking a break at this time will leave you refreshed and ready to tackle the rest of your day. Be aware of your own needs. Just because most people need a break mid-morning, that doesn't mean that's right for you. If you are more inclined to need a break at 2 p.m., go for it. Research indicates that frequent, short breaks are best. Humans need to recharge their batteries throughout the day, not just when their energy is completely depleted. So try taking several mini-breaks throughout the day.Take a minute to go refill your water bottle, or do a quick online search for a fun new recipe to make for dinner. Your break activity should be something that you enjoy. You'll get the most mental benefits from your break if you are engaging in something that brings you pleasure. If you're a reader, try getting in a chapter of that great new novel over lunch. If you are an exercise enthusiast, see how many steps you can fit in during a 10 minute break. In order to reset your mind, you need to step away from work. Walk away from your computer screen, and don't look at your phone. Try meditating with your eyes closed for a few minutes. Deep breaths are also very calming, and great for mental clarity. Breaks are a great way to fit more physical activity into your day. If you have a desk job, it's especially important that you get up and move around at least once an hour. You'll be amazed at the mental benefits that go along with moving your body, too.  There are a lot of ways you can exercise within your office. Try marching in place or doing desk push-ups. Even just standing for a few minutes can get your blood flowing if you don't have the space in your office to work out. Be attentive to your neck and shoulders. Hunching over your desk can cause a lot of muscle tension. Take care to do shoulder and neck rolls throughout the day. Be innovative. Consider replacing your desk chair with a stability...


Выберите самую свежую репу. Отрежьте зеленые стебли острым ножом. Промойте репу в прохладной воде. Очистите репу.

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Fresh turnips will feature a heavy skin, be firm to the touch, and have lush green tops. Avoid any turnips with brown spots or have unhealthy looking green tops, as these are sure indicators of older age. The older your turnip, the more bitter it will taste.  This will remove any bacteria or dirt. Use a sharp knife to peel the tough skin away from the turnips. If the turnip is already peeling or the skin is cracked, then you will need to peel the older layers away to expose the newer, fresher surface underneath. This is similar to the method for peeling an onion.


Выберите самый лучший галстук-бабочку, который подойдет к наряду и лицу. Дополните образ такими аксессуарами, как запонки и бижутерия. Проследите за тем, чтобы выглядеть чисто и опрятно.

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When it comes to formal events, clip-on bow ties are never acceptable. Look for a sturdy fabric in a color that either complements your tuxedo or your date’s outfit. The edges of the bow should align with the outer corners of your eyes. If you’ve never tied a bow tie, now is the time to learn! There are many different styles, but the classic semi-butterfly is the most popular. If you’re having trouble, ask the tailor to help you tie the perfect bow. Pick out silver or gold cufflinks with gems or engraving on them. If you have a watch with a metal or leather band, you should wear it to the event. It’ll help with staying on time, and it gives a more professional appearance. You can also wear jewelry like small chain necklaces or rings, as long as the metals don’t clash with each other or look gaudy. A few days before the event, get a haircut and tame any facial hair. Good grooming pulls the outfit together and is important for appearing tasteful. On the day of the event, wear your hair slicked back or styled. Remember to trim your fingernails and shape your eyebrows, as well. You can get a manicure and an eyebrow wax at a salon or spa.


Выберите самый удобный маршрут. Не открывайте лишний раз рюкзак. Самое главное следить за тем, чтобы не намокла карта. Часто перекусывайте. Нанесите масло на ноги. Следите за питьевым режимом. Делайте короткие перерывы. Не храните мокрую одежду и мокрые предметы в палатке. Дайте ногам высохнуть. Обратите внимание на признаки переохлаждения.

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If you know that the weather will be rainy, choose an area that you can enjoy in the rain, such as a trek through the forest. Consider visibility and safety, since waterways can flood and rocks can become slippery. When in doubt, plan to keep your hiking short and bed down early. Each time you open your pack water drips in. Even if it’s only a small amount of water, it can quickly compromise your pack. The water will remain in your waterproofed pack for the entire trek, so don’t risk lugging around the unnecessary weight. Store frequently needed items and your snacks in pockets or in dry bags attached to the outside of your pack. If you don’t have a waterproof map, then make sure that your map never gets wet. Ideally, it should be secured in a plastic see-through bag. Try not to remove it when it’s exposed to rain. Regularly munching on snacks will help you keep your body warmer, which is important when you’re getting wet. Rain can cause hypothermia if you get too cool, so plan to eat more often than on a dry hike. The wetness from your socks can rub away your natural skin oils, which is what causes blisters. Applying a light salve to your feet can help prevent this from happening. Carry a salve and smooth it onto your feet when you settle in for the night. When it’s raining, some hikers forget to drink their water. Even if you don’t feel thirsty, make sure that you’re sipping on your water to keep yourself hydrated. Dehydration can quickly become an issue. Rainy weather makes breaks less desirable because it allows your body to cool down, causing you to be cold and uncomfortable. You also have the incentive to keep going until you reach your destination and can get out of the rain. However, not taking breaks can easily tire you out. Stay energized by taking shorter breaks than you normally would but more often. For example, if you would normally take a 15-minute break after hiking for an hour and a half, take a five-minute break every 30 minutes. When you do stop to camp, keep your wet items separate from...


Выберите сани для льда или снега. Наденьте шлем, если это необходимо. Выберите безопасную горку. Сядьте лицом вперед. Научитесь управлять санями. Спрыгивайте, если вы теряете контроль.

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Thin, blade-like runners will increase speed on icy surfaces. Sleds that slide along one large base without runners are better for deep snow, since they distribute the rider's weight more evenly and reduce sinking. Sleds with wide runners are somewhere in between. Most casual sledders just use one sled for all terrain, but if you're buying your first sled, pick one that will work on the hills you expect to be trying.  Sleds with metal runners or sliding surfaces tend to be faster than wooden or plastic sleds, since they create less friction. Metal sleds are usually more expensive, though. Sleds with runners and steering mechanisms are the safest type of sled for children. This may not hold true for high speed sledding. Most people don't think of sledding as a dangerous sport, but serious or fatal sledding injuries do occur regularly. Wearing a helmet is an excellent idea for children, as well as for adults who are sledding down steep, tall, icy, or obstacle-laden slopes.  Thick winter clothing usually gives enough protection for the rest of the body. Find a hill completely covered by snow or ice, since dry patches can stop your sled. Never sled on a hill covered in obstacles, or one that ends in a parking lot, a street, or a body of water. If there are other people around, choose a side of the hill where you won't run into them. Stay seated while the sled is moving, and face forward at all times. Do not face backwards, lie down face-first, or try to spin the sled, as this can make a crash much riskier. Some sleds are designed for the rider to lie face-first, but these should only be used in specially prepared lanes at winter resorts, or by experienced sledders. You can steer by leaning in the direction you want to turn, or by putting your foot out into the snow on that side. To slow down or stop, put both feet out into the snow. Larger sleds and sleds with runners often have ropes you can pull to turn the sled, or more rarely a steering wheel or other unusual mechanism. If you need to turn very suddenly or at...


Выберите сахар. Отмерьте необходимое количество воды и сахара. Нагрейте и помешивайте. Смойте сахар с внутренней поверхности сотейника. Отставьте сироп в сторону для охлаждения. Стерилизуйте емкость. Поставьте на хранение.

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White, granulated sugar is the default for simple syrup, but you do have other options. Superfine sugar reduces the risk of crystallization. A raw brown sugar such as turbinado or demerara creates a brown, molasses-flavored syrup good for rum or bourbon cocktails. Do not use confectioner's sugar (powdered sugar). This usually contains cornstarch, which does not dissolve in water. The syrup will be cloudy or grainy. Measure the sugar and water and combine in a saucepan. Use an equal amount of both ingredients for a basic syrup. For a more concentrated syrup, use up to twice as much sugar as water.  A more concentrated syrup has a higher risk of crystallizing back into solids, but will last longer in the fridge. Some bartenders prefer a concentrated syrup because it can sweeten a cocktail without adding too much water. For greater accuracy, measure ingredients by weight on a kitchen scale. Using volume measurements (cups or milliliters) won't cause major issue, but you'll end up with about ⅞ the amount of sugar. Turn on the heat under your sugar-water mixture. Stir until all the sugar crystals have dissolved. The sugar usually dissolves within a few minutes, but a large batch may take longer.  Do not let the mixture boil. If you lose too much water, the sugar may not be able to dissolve. For very concentrated syrups (at least a 2:1 ratio of sugar to water), stir the last bits of water gently. Too much stirring when the maximum amount of sugar has dissolved can cause crystals to reform. A single grain of sugar left in the syrup can create a large mass of solid crystals. If you see any sugar left on the side of the pot, brush it down to the syrup using a wet pastry brush. Alternatively, just put the lid on the pot for a few minutes, and the condensed water should run down the sides and clean them. Because the lid traps most of the water vapor, it's all right if the syrup boils for a short time while the lid is on. To be safe, stick with a brief simmer. it will be ready to store once it reaches room temperature....


Выберите свежего, целого сома. Сделайте смесь приправ. Приправьте рыбу изнутри и снаружи. Нагрейте гриль или сковороду для гриля. Положите рыбу на гриль. Готовьте на первой стороне 7-10 минут. Переверните рыбу и готовьте еще 7-10 минут.

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Whether you caught them yourself or you're buying them from a fish market, make sure the fish you want to grill have clear eyes and undamaged skin. Grilled whole fish should be fresh, not frozen, for best results.  If you're buying the catfish from a fish market, have the fishmonger clean and skin the fish for you. If you caught your own fish, you'll need to clean and  skin it on your own. For whole grilled catfish, seasoning plays more than one role. Seasoning the inside and the outside of the catfish is meant to both flavor the meat and keep it moist while it grills. Mix up the following ingredients (double if you're grilling two catfish):  1 tablespoon melted butter 1 tablespoon lemon juice Salt and pepper Coat the inside cavity of the fish with the mixture, and rub it into the outside as well. Make sure every part of the fish is coated so it won't dry out as it cooks. Heat your outdoor grill to medium high (about 375°F to 425°F). Use a paper towel soaked in cooking oil to coat the metal grill rack with oil, so the delicate flesh of the fish won't stick. Let the grill heat completely before you start cooking the fish. When you're cooking a whole fish, it's important to cook it low and slow. Otherwise, you'll end up with a fish that's burned on the outside and raw on the inside. Make sure the grill never gets too hot while you cook. Instead of placing it directly over the hottest coals, place it on a part of the grill that doesn't get direct heat. This will prevent the fish from burning. The larger the fish, the longer it will need to cook. It's ready to flip when the underside of the flesh is firm with a set of dark grill marks. The fish is ready to eat when the flesh easily flakes apart when poked with a fork. It should be completely opaque and hot through to the middle.


Выберите свежие зеленые плантайны. Очистите плантайны. Нарежьте плантайны на очень маленькие кусочки. Нагрейте масло. Пожарьте плантайны. Опустите кусочки плантайна в соленую воду. Разомните кусочки плантайна. Обжарьте их снова. Подавайте их горячими с соусом.

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Fried green plantains are made with fresh unripe plantains. If you're new to plantains, look for large banana-shaped fruits with green skins. Green plantains are perfect for making a savory fried side dish. If you want the sweet version of fried plantains, you'll need to wait until the plantains are fully ripe.  Green plantains should be firm with green skins that have minimal bruising. If you want, buy a bunch of plantains and use some while they're unripe and save some to make sweet plantains after a week or two. The skin of green plantains is too stiff to be peeled away like that of a banana. Use a paring knife to chop the ends of the plantains. Run the knife along the plantain to slit the skin from one end to the other. Use your fingers to peel the skin from the fruit inside and completely remove the skin, then discard it. Lay a plantain on a cutting board and slice it on the diagonal into 1-inch pieces. This is the customary way to slice tostones. Alternatively, slice the plantain lengthwise into long, flat strips that will curl when they fry. Pour the oil into a dutch oven or stockpot so that it rises up about 1⁄2 inch (1.3 cm). Heat it thoroughly, until it's hot enough to sizzle when you add a bit of plantain. It should reach about 340 °F (171 °C). Lay the plantain pieces in the hot oil and fry them until they're tender and golden, which takes about 5 minutes. Flip the plantain pieces halfway through the frying process. When they're golden, transfer them to paper towel-lined plates to drain.  Be sure to fry the plantains in a single layer, so that they cook evenly. Don't overcrowd the pot. If you need to, you can fry them in two batches. Leave the oil on the heat, since you'll be frying the plantains once more. Fill a small bowl with water and a few shakes of salt. One by one, dip the plantain pieces in the saltwater. This process softens the plantain pieces a bit so that they end up creamy on the inside. You can skip this step if you'd like, but the plantains will be a little on the dry side. Lay them...


Выберите свежие листья или небольшую веточку с листьями. Отрежьте конец каждой ветки. Разведите раствор глицерина. Поместите веточки с листьями в раствор на три – пять дней. Достаньте веточки и листья из раствора.

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If you would like to preserve an entire branch of fall leaves, this preservation method is easier to use than wax. Choose a branch with leaves that are vibrant and firmly attached.  This method will make the colors more vibrant. Yellows become more intense, and reds and oranges become a vibrant ruddy color. Look for sprigs that have fallen off the tree on their own instead of breaking them off the tree yourself. Removing a branch from a tree can damage it. Do not choose branches that have diseased leaves or those that have gone through a frost. This method does not work on leaves that have already gone through a frost. Strike the end of each branch with a hammer to split it open, exposing the live portion of the wood. This exposes the live wood of the branch so that it can absorb the glycerin solution properly. Otherwise, the solution will not be able to reach the leaves. If you're just preserving individual leaves, you can skip this step. You can find vegetable glycerin in your local craft or grocery store. To make a solution, add 17 oz (530 ml) of liquid vegetable glycerin to half a gallon (2 liters) of water in a large bucket or vase.  Glycerin is a natural product derived from vegetables, making this a fairly organic option to preserve your leaves. If you're preserving a large, woody branch, mix in four to five drops of mild liquid dish soap. The dish soap acts as a surfactant, breaking the surface tension of the glycerin so that the molecules can penetrate the wood more easily. For best results, use a mild dish soap with no added colors or scents. You could also use liquid surfactant, which is available at most gardening stores. Allow the branches and leaves to absorb the glycerin for at least three to five days. Store the bucket in a shaded place during the absorption process. If you're preserving individual leaves, you'll need to weight them so they stay submerged. Pour the solution into a flat pan, place the leaves in the solution, and cover them with a plate or lid to hold them down. The color will...


Выберите свежие розы в полном цвету. Дождитесь определенного времени дня, чтобы срезать розы. Отделите лепестки от стебля, используя ножницы, чтобы подрезать их у самой основы.

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You can harvest flowers that you want to dry at any time during the growing season, but keep in mind that when they are at their biggest and brightest, they will also smell their best. Avoid picking roses that have browning petals--they will become fully brown when they dry. This period of time is after the dew has dried, but before the midday sun has reached its strongest rays. Rose petals with any sort of moisture on them could potentially turn brown when dried because they will begin to rot. The hours before the midday sun are when most roses produce their strongest fragrance. Be sure to cut around the entire flower. You can also pluck the petals by gently pulling each one from the base of the stems.


Выберите свежие устрицы. Вам нужны правильные приборы. Поймите строение устрицы.

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Oysters should still be alive when you shuck them; if they've already expired, they aren't safe to eat. Pick oysters with the following properties:  Closed shells. If an oyster's shell is open, it's likely that it's already dead. Lightly tap the shell, just in case; if it immediately shuts, the oyster is still alive and fine to eat. A fresh sea smell. Fresh oysters smell both sweet and salty, like the air next to the sea. If an oyster smells fishy or "off," it's probably not fresh. A heavy feel. Place the oyster in your palm. If has a nice heavy weight, that means it's still full of seawater and was probably harvested quite recently. If it's unexpectedly light, the seawater has dried up, and it's no longer fresh. Besides a nice sack of fresh oysters, you'll need the following supplies:  A stiff-bristed brush Heavy gloves An oyster knife, or another knife with a heavy blade that won't snap A bed of ice for keeping the oysters fresh until serving Before you start shucking, take a close look at an oyster so that you know the right way to handle it while shucking.  The hinge is the muscle that connects the top and bottom shells at the pointy end of the oyster. Opposite from the hinge is the rounded front of the oyster. The top of the oyster is the flatter shell. The bottom shell is cup-shaped.


Выберите свежие филе сома. Смажьте филе растопленным сливочным маслом. Приправьте филе с обеих сторон. Нагрейте гриль или сковороду для гриля. Поместите филе на гриль. Готовьте филе 3-4 минуты. Переверните филе и готовьте еще 3-4 минуты.

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Look for four to six-ounce fillets that are light in color and firm to the touch. Avoid fillets with dark spots or discolorations. Fresh fillets should not have an overly fishy smell.  You can also buy a whole catfish, in which case you'll want to either ask the fishmonger to fillet it for you or fillet it yourself at home before grilling. If you want to grill frozen fillets, thaw them completely by storing them in the refrigerator overnight before the day you plan to cook them. Melt a tablespoon or so of butter and use a pastry brush to coat the fillets on all sides. The melted butter will help the seasonings stick to the fish while it cooks.  If you'd prefer a lighter flavor, it's fine to use olive oil or another oil to coat the fish. Skipping this step is also fine if you prefer the taste of plain grilled fillets with no extra fat. At minimum, sprinkle the fillets with salt and pepper on all sides. For extra flavor, you may want to add additional spices like cayenne, paprika or garlic powder. Catfish fillets have a light flavor that pairs well with most seasonings, so feel free to get creative.  Look for a seafood spice mix at your grocery store if you don't want to create your own mixture. Or check out the third method for ideas for seasoning mixes that pair perfectly with catfish. Heat your outdoor grill to medium high (about 375°F to 425°F). Use a paper towel soaked in cooking oil to coat the metal grill rack with oil, so the delicate flesh of the fish won't stick. Let the grill heat completely before you start cooking the fish. If you don't have a grill or grill pan, you can easily grill fish in a skillet on your stove. Heat a cast iron skillet or a frying pan to medium high, and coat the bottom of the pan lightly with oil. Arrange the fillets in an even layer so that they don't overlap. Leave them undisturbed while they cook, but monitor the flesh to see how things are progressing. The fillets are ready to flip when the fish no longer looks translucent. The fillets are ready when the flesh is white...


Выберите свежие, хрустящие перцы. Купите 3 кг перцев на 3 литровую банку. Вымойте перец. Разрежьте перцы пополам и удалите семена.

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When pickling peppers, it is up to you to decide which kind of peppers you would like to pickle. Many picklers mix hot peppers and red or green sweet peppers for a balanced flavor, but the the peppers you choose are up to you. However, there are some characteristics you should keep in mind, regardless of what type of peppers you use:  Look for peppers that are firm and have a smooth skin. Avoid old peppers that are soft and wrinkled or have brown spots, as old peppers can taste bad and become chewy when pickled. This is the standard amount. The step-by-step process listed below will yield 9 pint jars. A bushel of peppers generally weighs 25 pounds and can yield 20 to 30 pints. You can use cold or lukewarm water with the same results. Remove any bad spots on the peppers. Quarter the now seedless peppers. Small peppers can be left whole. If you choose to leave them whole, cut several slits along their sides.


Выберите свежий, без пятен кусок имбиря (или столько кусков, сколько вам надо). Оберните кусок или куски имбиря в  пластиковую кухонную обертку или фольгу. Поместите кусок или куски в многоразовые пакеты для заморозки. Поместите в морозильник.

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Check that it is clean; if not, give it a gentle wipe and make sure it is dry before proceeding. Wrap each piece separately if freezing more than one piece. Try to match the bag size to the size or amount of ginger being frozen. Push down to expel as much air as possible before sealing tight. Remove a whole ginger for use at a time. Allow to thaw, then use as usual. If making a stir-fry and you have a decent sharp knife, slices can be made before the ginger thaws; it will thaw quickly during the cooking process.


Выберите свежую кинзу. Помойте кинзу в миске с водой. Стряхните с кинзы воду. Промакните кинзу сухими бумажными полотенцами. При желании вы можете бланшировать кинзу.

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Cilantro will wilt a little when you freeze it, so it is important to buy cilantro that is fresh. Look for crisp, bright green leaves. Avoid anything that looks wilted, crushed, or yellowed. Hold the cilantro by the stems and swish it in a bowl of cool water. Keep doing this until the water becomes dirty. Repeat the process with fresh water each time until the water is clear. You may need to two to three water changes Hold it by the stems, and give it a few, good shakes. It might be a good idea to do this over a sink, so that your kitchen does not become all wet. Place a few paper towels down on a flat surface, then set the cilantro down on top of them. Cover the cilantro with another paper towel and gently press down on it. The paper towels will absorb any excess moisture. Keep doing this with fresh, dry paper towels until there is no water left. You can do this by dipping the cilantro into a pot of boiling water for 15 to 30 seconds, then dunking them under ice cold water for a few more seconds. Do not leave the cilantro in the hot water for more than 30 seconds, and be sure to dry it off well. Blanching the cilantro will help preserve the vibrant color.


Выберите свежую тыкву. Очистите тыкву полностью перед разделкой. Вычистите внутреннюю часть тыквы полностью.

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Before you begin to carve your pumpkin, make sure the stem is thick and strong and that the skin is not punctured. Broken skin allows bacteria an entry point, which speeds decay. If the pumpkin is already a little soft in the pumpkin patch, even in a tiny area, it's well on its way to rotting. That small soft spot will be a caved in pumpkin in a matter of days. You want a pumpkin with a nice hard body, no give when you press it gently, and even color. This helps prevent bacteria from entering before you've finished carving. Gently wash the outside of the pumpkin with lukewarm soapy water, and ensure that your carving tools are clean. This will remove all of the gooey parts that are prone to mold and decay. Using tools sold specifically for pumpkin-carving won't necessarily extend the life of your pumpkin, but tools that are very sharp will create cleaner cuts that will help it last longer. Ragged edges provide more surface area for decay-causing bacteria to settle in, and too much unnecessary sawing will bruise and soften the pumpkin. The thickness of the pumpkin will not greatly alter how quickly it rots. If you scoop away too much by accident, don't fret.


Выберите свежую цветную капусту. Отрежьте листья. Отрежьте основной стебель. Отделите соцветия друг от друга. Разрежьте большие соцветия на мелкие куски. Помойте капусту.

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A fresh cauliflower will be pure white and will be wrapped in crisp, bright green leaves.  In particular, you should pay close attention to the base of the cauliflower. Regardless of how dirty or dingy the top looks, the base should be as white as possible. The color of the base is the best indication of how fresh the vegetable is.     The floret tops along the outside of the head should be fairly compact. If they are loose, or if there are wide gaps between the tops, this could be an indication that the cauliflower has already started to go bad.    Use a sharp knife to cut off the green leaves surrounding the head of cauliflower. Cut the leaves off as close to the base of the stem as possible. Note that the leaves can be cooked, too, as long as they are fresh. They are especially useful for vegetable stock, but they could be cooked down and used in stews, roasted, or eaten raw in salads.    To make removing florets easier, cut off the large stem just before the point at which it divides into individual florets.  The stem could also be saved and used for vegetable stock. Technically, this step is only optional. You can remove individual florets from the cauliflower without first removing the excess stem, but doing so will be much more difficult. Turn the head upside down so that the cut stem end faces up. Use your sharp kitchen knife to cut each individual branch or floret off.  Slice the floret off at the point where the floret stem meets the central stem. Cut them from the central stem at a 45 degree angle. Take the time to trim away and discolored parts of the cauliflower. Brown or otherwise off-color cauliflower will not taste as good and will lack many of the nutrients that fresh cauliflower has. Note that small baby cauliflowers can be cooked whole. You do not need to cut them into individual florets. You can use the florets as they are now, but if they are still somewhat large, they might take longer to cook. Use your knife to trim the florets down into smaller pieces. They should be about the same...


Выберите свежую, хрустящую капусту. Удалите поврежденные листья. Разрежьте капусту на половинки или четвертинки. Удалите сердцевину. Нашинкуйте капусту, если это необходимо. Вымойте капусту.

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Regardless of the specific variety, fresh cabbage has crisp leaves without any marks or signs of browning. There should not be many loose outer leaves, and the stem should not look dry or cracked.  Green cabbage should have dark green outer leaves and pale green inner leaves. The head of cabbage should be round.  White cabbage has very light outer leaves with patches of white around the veined areas. It has firm leaves packed tightly around the head. Red cabbage should have tough outer leaves and a reddish purple color. The head of cabbage should be round. Savoy cabbage has crinkled leaves and consists of fairly loose leaves that range in color from dark to light green. The head of cabbage should be round. Napa cabbage is tall, rather than round, and generally has pale green leaves. Bok choy has tall white stalks with dark green leaves. These leaves should be loose enough to peel away with your hands. Damaged leaves include any that are discolored or wilted. For round heads of cabbage, like green cabbage, red cabbage, and savoy cabbage, you should also remove the thickest outer leaves. Hold the cabbage still with one hand. Pick up a large, sharp knife in your other hand and cut the cabbage in half through the stem end. If desired, cut the cabbage further into quarters by cutting each half in half again lengthwise.  Cabbage will take longer to cook if left in halves, but otherwise, it is just as easy to prepare as quartered cabbage.     If you see any signs of insects or worms inside the cabbage, you do not need to toss the whole thing out. Instead, soak the head of cabbage in heavily salted water for 20 minutes. Cut away the damaged portions and prepare as normal.    Cut wedge-shaped sections from the bottom of each half or quarter to remove the rough stem pieces.  The stems will need to be cut out at an angle.     Note that for cabbage with long, loose leaves, such as napa cabbage and bok choy, the leaves should be left intact and on the stem.    If you want to shred the cabbage before steaming it, slice...