First, read the English article below.

Catching the kitten is not the end of your project. Once you have it, make sure you are prepared to handle it carefully. When dealing with the kitten, you'll want to keep a pair of gloves handy. Do not handle the kitten directly until you have had it checked out by the vet. Kittens are cute and can become cuddly, but this one is still a wild animal. If one escapes from its carrier (or box, etc) you can try gently scooping it up with a towel. The containment process is crucial when introducing a kitten to a new environment. To keep it from becoming even more traumatized, you want to introduce new things (and people, sounds, and other animals) very slowly. When you first rescue the kitten, make sure you have a safe small place to bring it. This could be a small room, such as your bathroom, or even a comfortable box where it won't be disturbed. Make sure your kitten is comfortable in confinement. Provide it with the basics--a towel to sleep on, food, water, and somewhere to go to the bathroom (this can be a newspaper or a small litter box). You will definitely want to take the stray kitten to a vet in your area. Ask the vet to perform all necessary tests and vaccinations. This could get expensive, so make sure you are prepared for that. Also, remember this is very scary for the kitten, so be ready to transport it to and from the vet as carefully (and quietly) as possible. You'll want to specifically make sure the vet to check for basic ailments such as worms, distemper, rabies, and respiratory problems. Also, it's a great idea to talk to the vet about having the kitten spayed or neutered. The kitten is probably adorable, but you may not want to keep it, or not be able to properly care for it. The next best thing is to find it an adoptive home. If you have some time to devote to this (and want visitation rights), try checking with your friends and friends of friends. Post pictures on social media--kittens can be hard to resist! If you can't find a home on your own, contact your local animal shelter. They will be...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Аккуратно обращайтесь с котенком. Поместите котенка в небольшое пространство. Обратитесь к ветеринару. Найдите дом для котенка. Оставьте котенка у себя.


First, read the English article below.

Categorize your items in terms of use and separate them appropriately. For instance, you could place recreational gear like skateboards, roller blades and golf clubs in one area. You could then put your tools, power saws and blades in another. Once you have everything sorted out, you can decide the best way to arrange them for easy access. How you choose to organize will depend on what you have, but it's common to separate the tools and the sporting goods or other storage stuff. Some people's garages are sacred car spaces, while for others it's more of an attic run-off zone. Keep organized according to what you have. Put the stuff you don't use often toward the back, or the more difficult to reach spaces of the garage. If you hardly ever go golfing, you would want to place your clubs behind other things that you use more often, like the lawn mower or your socket wrenches. You may also want to make seasonal adjustments in your garage, so you can rotate summer and winter items accordingly. You probably won't need your snow blower during the heat of summer, so you can schedule yearly reorganizations to keep your space in the most optimum arrangement for the season. It doesn't need to take more than a few minutes. Finally, you can prevent a lot of frustration by properly labeling storage bins or anything that you have to open to access items. If you have small items like different sized screws and nails, you should put these into small containers and mark them accordingly. It may be a little more tedious at first, but should make your life easier later on.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Разделите предметы по их назначению. Можно организовать хранение вещей, опираясь на то, как часто они используются. Можно организовать предметы по сезонам. Четко все обозначьте.


First, read the English article below.

Caterpillar stings can result in a variety of symptoms. Depending on the type of caterpillar and any allergies you may have, symptoms can be very mild or very severe. Common symptoms include:  Itchiness and contact dermatitis, blisters, weals (welts), small red bumps, pain Acute conjunctivitis, if hairs penetrate the eyes Rash and hives Difficulty breathing Nausea and vomiting Bleeding and renal failure can occur after contact with the South American Lonomia caterpillar. If you develop blisters, large welts, or a rash that spreads, contact your doctor immediately. This is important, as some people can develop potentially deadly allergic reactions to caterpillar stings. Poison control can be reached at 1-800-222-1222 any time of the day or night, if you have any questions about how to treat a caterpillar sting. A poison specialist will answer the phone and provide you with recommendations about how to treat the sting site. If you have not had a tetanus booster in the last five to 10 years, you should get one within 72 hours of being stung by a caterpillar. This is because the sting/wound site may become open to bacteria and infection.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Если на коже проступили отчетливые волдыри, обратитесь к врачу. Сделайте прививку от столбняка. Позвоните в токсикологическую службу. Узнайте о разных симптомах.


First, read the English article below.

Caterpillars do not require an elaborate enclosure to keep them safe and healthy.  A one-gallon jar, fish tank or reptile enclosure will all work fine.  Make sure the container has a cover and allows air to flow in and out.  Line the bottom of the container with paper towels to make it easy to clean.  Cheesecloth can be used as a lid for enclosures that don’t have a top.  Caterpillars cannot chew through cheesecloth but it allows air to travel in and out of the enclosure. If you are going to poke holes in a lid or enclosure to allow airflow, be sure the holes are very small or the caterpillar may find a way to escape through them. Caterpillars need sticks and twigs to crawl around on, and eventually, to hang off of as they enter their pupae stage.  Adding sticks and twigs will also make your caterpillar feel more comfortable and at home.  Make sure to place some of the sticks upright, leaned against the wall or top of the enclosure to give your caterpillar a place to climb. Place some sticks on their sides on the bottom of the enclosure as well. Once you have the enclosure prepared, give it a once over to make sure it looks safe for your new caterpillar friend.  Caterpillars can easily injure themselves or get trapped if an enclosure isn’t safely put together.  Caterpillars can easily get cut by sharp edges in their enclosure.  Make sure the areas around holes you punch are bent or sanded over so they can’t injure the caterpillar. Look at the ways your sticks are positioned to ensure the caterpillar couldn’t easily get trapped under or between them. If you have more than one caterpillar in your enclosure, it’s important that you provide each caterpillar with enough space to thrive.  Make sure there is at least three times the body size of each caterpillar in the enclosure. If you plan to use the same enclosure for the caterpillars until they hatch into butterflies, you need to ensure there is enough room for them to expand their wings when they emerge from their cocoons.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Подготовьте для своей гусеницы контейнер. Поместите в контейнер палочки или ветки. Позаботьтесь о том, чтобы ваш контейнер был безопасен для гусеницы. Если у вас не одна гусеница, а несколько, убедитесь, что им хватает места.


First, read the English article below.

Caterpillars don't need to be housed in anything too fancy - a clean one-gallon jar or a small fish tank is perfect.  These will be easy to clean and will allow you to see your caterpillar easily.  Cover the container with a piece of cheesecloth or mesh and secure with a rubber band. This will allow proper ventilation. Don't just poke holes in a screw-on lid (as some sites advise) as the caterpillars may attempt to escape through these holes and injure themselves on the sharp edges. If you're housing more than one caterpillar, just make sure that each caterpillar has around three times it's body size in extra space to move around in.  This will prevent overcrowding. It's a good idea to line the bottom of your caterpillar's home with some paper towel or tissue paper. This will soak up any excess moisture and catch any caterpillar droppings (known as frass). You can then easily clean the container by whipping out the dirty paper and replacing it with fresh stuff.  However, you should only line your caterpillar container with paper towels if you know that you have a species of caterpillar which pupates above ground. If you have a species of caterpillar which pupates underground (or if you're not sure what species it is) you should line the bottom of the container with a two-inch layer of soil or sand. This way, the caterpillar has something to bury into. The soil or sand should be slightly damp - but not damp enough that it causes condensation on the sides of the container. Caterpillars are quite sensitive to humidity. It's a good idea to place a couple of sticks inside the caterpillars home, for a number of reasons:  Firstly, the caterpillar will have something to climb on, which it may need to do in order to reach it's food. Secondly, the caterpillar may choose to pupate hanging from the stick. As a result, you should make sure that the stick is in a secure position and not in danger of falling over. Thirdly, once the butterfly or moth emerges from the pupa it will need somewhere to hang upside down in order...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Содержите свою гусеницу в подходящем контейнере. Постелите на дно контейнера бумажное полотенце или насыпьте земли. Поместите в контейнер пару палочек. Поддерживайте влажность в контейнере.


First, read the English article below.

Caterpillars eat the leaves of the host plants you often find them on.  Take some of the leaves from the type of plant your particular caterpillar prefers and place them in the enclosure to serve as a food source.  Caterpillars will eat in their own time, so don’t worry if the caterpillar doesn’t begin eating as soon as you place leaves in the enclosure. If a caterpillar has more than one preferred host plant, add leaves from each to give the caterpillar a few choices. If you are unsure of a caterpillar’s host plant, add a few different kinds of leaves and see which one the caterpillar eats.  Use those leaves for food from now on. Caterpillars need water added to their enclosure on a daily basis.  Do not place a water dish in your enclosure as caterpillars may fall into them and drown.  Instead, simply spray some water onto the leaves each day and the caterpillars will drink from the droplets.  Instead of spraying water onto the leaves, you can simply rinse them before you place them in the enclosure, that will provide enough water. If your caterpillar begins to look very dry, try spraying more water into the enclosure. You will need to remove uneaten leaves on a regular basis.  Depending on the plant, leaves may last up to a week, or they may begin to dry out after only a few days.  You may also want to replace the paper towels you place at the bottom of the enclosure as bedding.  Replacing the bedding will remove caterpillar droppings and waste that could cause caterpillars to get sick. Remove old leaves any time you place new leaves in the enclosure. If your container does not allow enough room for your caterpillars to emerge from their cocoon and spread their wings, you will need to relocate the cocoons to a larger enclosure once they enter them.  Make sure the new enclosure has enough space for the butterflies to emerge from their cocoons and spread their wings. Be very gentle when removing the cocoons.  You can handle them with your hands as long as you are very careful.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Положите в контейнер еду. Обеспечьте гусеницу водой. Убирать в домике гусеницы надо каждый день. Пересадите куколку в другой контейнер.


First, read the English article below.

Catnip essential oil has been shown to be effective at driving away bees and mosquitoes, and can be purchased from aromatherapy shops or online. Other strong-scented substances such as peppermint oil or cloves are often used to repel insects, but may not work as well as other options. Do not apply these substances to children under three years of age. If not sold with instructions for applying to skin, look up the substance online first, to see if it causes irritation or health problems. Bees do not seek out humans unless they perceive them as a threat, so insect repellants for personal protection are not typically useful. However, some specialized bee repellants such as Bee Go or Honey Robber can be used to repel bees from an area. These are available from stores that sell beekeeping equipment.  In the United States, check the label for an EPA-approved logo before buying, so you know it is safe for human use and the environment.  Spray repellents are by far the most effective type of commercial insect repellent. Candles, foggers, coils, clip-on battery-powered devices, wristbands, and electronic sound-based repellents rarely work to drive off insects. Listen for a buzzing noise while walking through the wilderness, and don't put your hand into any crevices you can't see into. Bees often nest among rocks or in trees, so be extra alert while climbing.  While most honeybees do not bother humans, "Africanized" honeybees will aggressively defend their hives. These are found in many areas in Southern America, Central America, and along the southern border of the United States. If you hear a hive, or you know there are hives in the area, keep pets nearby, preferably on a leash. While clothing probably does not have a major effect on bee attraction, dark clothing and red clothing is more likely to cause bees to perceive you as a threat. Leather and furry articles of clothing may also alarm bees. The USDA and some other agencies recommend not using strongly scented perfume, shampoo, gum, or other materials in areas...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Используйте очень душистый натуральный репеллент. Используйте химические репелленты. В дикой местности всегда будьте начеку. Носите одежду светлого цвета. Не рекомендуется пользоваться очень ароматными духами, шампунем, жевательной резинкой там, где обитают африканизированные пчелы. В случае нападения пчел бегите в убежище, например, в автомобиль или в здание, или продолжайте бежать до тех пор, пока пчелы не отстанут от вас.


First, read the English article below.

Catnip plants like drier soil, and root rot can set in if the soil is too moist. When you water, thoroughly soak the soil to saturate the roots. Let the soil dry out completely, and test it out by touching a finger to it before watering.  If the soil feels moist or wet, don’t water the plant and check it later that day or the next day. Catnip plants are fairly hardy and quite drought-resistant, so you should be more concerned about over-watering than not watering them enough. After your plant's first flower blooms finish, remove the spent flowers. Shear back the plants by one-third to promote new growth and a new bloom of flowers. Remove any dead or dried leaves regularly. Shearing and deadheading plants will result in bushier plants that flower more consistently. You can propagate, or make new plants, by dividing one plant’s root system. Dig up a cluster of plants with at least two to three stalks, or remove them from their pot if you used a container. Soak the root ball to the point of complete saturation. Use a clean trowel or garden knife to divide the root cluster in half, then replant each new plant.  Continue to water frequently after you’ve divided the plants. Don’t let the root system dry out as you would with a normal catnip plant. Dividing plants can help control overgrowth, renew fading plants, or simply allow you to share a plant with a friend. Cats are of course attracted to catnip plants, and love to nip at their leaves and lay in plant beds. If you have an outdoor cat, don’t plant catnip next to delicate flowers or plants you wouldn’t want your cat to damage. If using containers, avoid positioning pots in places where they might easily be knocked over or broken. Consider using garden fencing, bracing, or bamboo sticks to support the plants and prevent your cat from laying on them. To harvest, trim down a stalk to its base, or just above a leaf joint, or cut off the whole plant at the base. Cutting just above a joint, or where a leaf or leaves spring from the stalk, will promote more rapid new...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Прежде чем поливать почву, дождитесь, пока она высохнет. Стригите траву и удаляйте увядшие цветы, чтобы обеспечить дальнейший рост. Весной или осенью разделяйте корневые системы. Следите, чтобы ваша кошка не повредила кошачью мяту или другие растения. Собирайте листья и сушите их на открытом воздухе.


First, read the English article below.

Catnip prefers full sun in most locations. If you live in a hot, dry climate, consider an area where plants will have some shade from the afternoon sun. It will still need at least six hours of full sun, but in locations in the south, the sun at its highest and hottest could damage leaves.  Catnip grows best outdoors, but can be grown indoors if you place it by a window that gets at least six hours of full sun per day.  If growing a plant indoors, you should place it no more than three feet away from the sunlit window. Alternatively, you can grow it indoors away from a sunlit window if you have access to high output fluorescent plant grow lights. Use standard potting soil if you’re container planting, or whatever soil you have in your garden. Soil should allow draining, so it shouldn’t be too rich or compacted. Catnip, like most herbs, will thrive in poor soil. Give seedlings or young plants ample room to grow, leaving about 18 to 20 inches (45.7 to 50.8 cm) between each plant to prevent crowding.  They might look thin when you first plant them, but they will need the room to grow and will soon fill out the space. Catnip will grow in just about any soil, but sandier soil tends to yield more aromatic plants.  Water frequently after first planting. After a couple weeks, or after you see that the plants have adjusted to transplanting and are starting to grow, water only when the soil has dried out a few inches below the surface. Once established, catnip can grow aggressively, and can take over an entire garden. To keep it from invading your yard, grow it in a controlled garden, such as one with permanent stone dividers. If you don’t have a controlled space, using containers offers total control of where and how your catnip plants grow.  If you want the look of an herb garden, but don’t want to risk catnip taking over, plant it in containers then bury the containers in your garden. Placing the plants in containers beneath the soil will help confine and control their roots, preventing them from wandering...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Высаживайте саженцы в хорошо освещаемом месте, если только вы живете не в жарком сухом климате. Посадите растения на расстоянии 45–50 сантиметров друг от друга. Подумайте о том, чтобы выращивать кошачью мяту в горшках.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are always learning how to communicate with us. The more that you communicate with your cat, the faster he or she will learn.  Use a slightly raised tone of voice to indicate friendliness and a lowered tone of voice to indicate displeasure or aggression.  Using repetition will help your cat learn to anticipate consistent activities.  You may want to repeat a word such as sleep or bed each time you go to bed. Eventually, your cat will begin to associate the repetitive word sound with your actions and may even get to the bedroom before you. Cats can be trained to understand words, but they will instinctively understand nonverbal cues.  Creating a warm environment with clear expectations and few surprises can help strengthen your initial bond with a new cat.  If you blink slowly when making eye contact with your cat, she will usually respond by coming over to be stroked. This is seen as a very non-threatening gesture. Try not to stare directly into a cat’s eyes. It tells her that you're unfriendly or aggressive.  If your cat wants to go somewhere such as next to you on the couch, but he seems unsure, pat the space and use a soft, reassuring voice to invite him to join you. Be consistent in your intent and expression. A common blunder many pet owners make is to say "no" but pet the cat at the same time. This is very confusing to the cat. So for example, if you want your cat to go away, a firm "later" and a gentle push, without showing affection, will let the cat know that her presence is not desired at this time. Most cats will try two to three times to invade a person's space, often from different directions. When saying "Later", be patient. Never yell at or physically discipline a cat. This only frightens and angers the cat, and is counterproductive. Instead, to show displeasure, you can add a hard edge to your voice. The cat will pick up on that and sense unhappiness. Being consistent with the wording, tone, and other accompanying signals while giving your cat training commands will help both of you agree...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Отвечайте своему коту. Используйте невербальные знаки. Произносите команды.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are big sleepers. In fact, they sleep on average 16 hours a day. However, if your cat seems to be sleeping more than usual this might be a sign of depression.  As cats sleep so often, it can be hard to gauge how much is too much. However, you should have some idea of when your cat tends to be awake and when she tends to be asleep. Use this as a guide when monitoring her sleeping habits.  If you know your cat is always awake to greet you in the morning and suddenly she spends that time snoozing in the pantry, this could be a sign she's depressed. If she's always awake after work and now you find her asleep on the couch, take note of this as well.  Watch for general dips in energy. When your cat isn't sleeping, does she seem lethargic? Some cats are naturally lazy, but if your once bouncy and energetic cat suddenly lies in bed all day this could be a sign of depression. Cats make a range of sounds, from hissing to purring to mewing. If you notice your cat seems to be vocalizing more often than usual, this could be related to depression.  Depressed cats might cry, yowl, or hiss in response to mild stimuli or simply vocalize at random points throughout the day. She may be trying to communicate something is wrong.  Much like sleeping, how much is unusual varies from cat to cat and you're the best judge of what's normal for your pet. If your cat is normally loud, mewing to announce her presence or ask for attention, you may not need to worry about frequent vocalization. However, if a normally quiet cat suddenly starts keeping you up at night crying she might be trying to communicate unhappiness. Excessive vocalization frequently results from the death of a close companion, which can either be a pet or a person. Your cat might cry to try and help a missing companion locate her. Depressed cats might over or under eat in response to sadness. Take stock of how much your cat is eating.  Loss of appetite is a major factor in depression in both people and animals. Your cat may be disinterested in food and you might...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Понаблюдайте за распорядком сна своего питомца. Прислушайтесь, не стало ли животное чаще подавать голос. Понаблюдайте, как ваш питомец ест. Осмотрите шерсть животного. Обратите внимание на то, насколько часто животное прячется. Не упустите из виду возможные проблемы с туалетным лотком.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are easily distracted, so you should create a quiet and calm environment. Place your cat on the table in front of you and pet them to put them at ease. Place the treats on the table to get your cat’s attention. Cats are more likely to respond to treats that they aren’t accustomed to. Try to get something new. Keep meowing until your cat meows and then give your cat a treat, and pet them. Continue as long as the cat is willing to participate. After your cat no longer seems to respond, take a break. Try again the following day. Repeat every day until your cat regularly responds when you meow. If you get frustrated and begin to be mean to your cat, they will become stressed and be less likely to respond. Cats do not respond to force. You must use positive reinforcement to encourage behavior.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Уделите кошке немного внимания. Запаситесь лакомствами. Начните мяукать. Продолжайте тренировки, пока кошка не научится этому трюку. Будьте ласковы с кошкой.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are emotional creatures. Cats can feel lonely, bored, frightened, or stressed. They show stress in a variety of ways, from vocalizing to forgetting their toilet habits. By taking the time to observe your cat you, will hopefully begin to see patterns to their behaviors and be able to more fully understand your cat companion. Not surprisingly, most cat owners know how important the litterbox is to keeping all family members, including the cat, happy. When a cat stops using the litterbox to urinate, it can become a major issue and may put the cat out of his or her home.  There are many reasons why a cat may fail to use the litter box. It may be as simple as the cat not liking its litter, either the texture or smell. Most cats prefer an unscented litter. An elderly cat may not be able to get into the box due to arthritis. The box may be overly dirty and need to be scooped and cleaned (with soap and water) more frequently.  A sudden noise, a dog, or some other noise or animal may have scared the cat while using the litter box. In a multiple cat household, a dominant cat may be keeping a submissive cat from using the box. In these cases, it is always wise to have one more litter box than number of cats. If you have two cats, you’ll need three boxes. The litter boxes should be in different spots to keep the dominant cat from guarding the boxes. Urinating in odd spots, like the owner’s bed, chair, or on plastic bags, may indicate your cat has a urinary tract infection or other serious diseases. This can also occur when the owner has been away for several days indicating distress at your absence. If your cat does suddenly start urinating outside the box, it is best to consult with your veterinarian to rule out any medical causes for this behavior. Cats actually scratch because they find it enjoyable and in order to manicure their claws. Because scratching is so important to cats, you can't really get them to stop doing it. The best way to get a cat to stop scratching your favorite chair or sofa is to redirect...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Знайте, что кошки демонстрируют недовольство или неудовлетворение множеством различных способов. Убедитесь, что из-за лотка кошке не приходится мочиться в другом месте. Выясните причину, по которой кошка не мочится в лоток. Поймите, почему кошка царапает предметы в доме.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are known for being independent, self-absorbed, and generally indifferent to the other creatures around them.  This may not strike you as the type of animal that can be — or wants to be — trained, but it is possible and usually fun. You'll want to use reward-based training, which teaches the cat to associate the desired behavior with getting a treat or other reward.  It might be helpful to figure out what your cat's favorite treat is so you will know the best way to motivate them. You might lay out a few different treats and see which one your cat chooses first. Cats want to feel involved in the training process, perhaps even in charge of it.  For instance, it is usually best to let the cat decide whether to continue or halt the training session. Domesticated dogs have been bred over the centuries to work in concert with humans by obeying commands; cats, to help by acting independently, traditionally to kill pests.  Not surprisingly, then, the process of training each must be different.  Your cat will be motivated to cooperate with you when this earns them a reward. Do not use punishment to try and train your cat (or dog, for that matter). Cats prefer short training sessions that they usually choose to conclude. Conducting a training session by offering treats as a reward to a hungry cat (such as just before mealtime), for perhaps five-to-ten minutes (if the cat permits), can often work. Yes, young dogs learn new tricks more easily than old ones, and so do cats (as do people, for that matter!).  So starting your training with a young cat is the ideal way to go, but that does not mean that you shouldn’t bother with your mature feline. With any cat, but especially an older one, it is best to work with, rather than against, its natural tendencies.  That is, a cat that naturally paws at objects is a better candidate for teaching the “high five,” while an unrepentant biter may not be. Dogs might work for a “good boy” and pat on the head, or some nondescript dog treat.  Cats, however, usually demand the good...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Поймите, что кошек можно обучать. Не пытайтесь учить кота так, как учат собак. Работайте с тем животным, которое у вас есть. Найдите подходящее поощрение. Прибегните к применению кликера.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are known for their love of routine. By having a routine that ends with you sleeping, your cat will eventually be able to understand the signs of bedtime. Be sure to do the same activities in the same order every night; brush your teeth, change your clothes, make the bed, and turn off the lights. Even if your cat isn't watching you, sounds of your bedtime routine will travel throughout the home. Set aside certain fun activities that your cat enjoys that only happen before bedtime. You can:  Groom your cat. Cuddle in bed. Brush your cat's teeth. Feed special treats. Lead your cat to their sleeping area. The first few days or weeks may be difficult for both you and your cat, especially if you have a restless or aggressive cat. Your cat might come up to you for pets or whine at you for hours. And then you may be tempted to get up and tend to your cat. By doing this, you are giving it the attention that encourages unwanted behaviour from your cat, even if you're giving it positive attention. By ignoring your cat night after night, you are telling your cat that no matter what they do, nothing will happen. Their unwanted behaviour should eventually stop.  Avoid getting up to get a drink of water or to use the washroom. Plan ahead as much as possible until your cat establishes the routine of going to sleep. Consider leaving your cat outside of the bedroom. In some cases, your cat may be too difficult to ignore while they are in the room. Do not give in and open the door for it or talk to it from inside the room. Establishing a bedtime routine with your cat may take a few weeks and you may need to make a few sacrifices. With any behavioural training, time and patience is always the key. Even though you are trying to change your cat, you will also have to change. Sometimes pet training is more about compromise than about the success of learning a new behaviour. Remember, your cat is also a living thing with feelings, thoughts, preferences, and a unique personality.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Приучите кошку к определенным действиям перед сном. Привлекайте кошку к своим занятиям. Не обращайте на кошку внимания, когда спите. Не расстраивайтесь. Готово!


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Cats are known to be self-grooming, and will only rarely need a bath. However, if your cat can’t or won’t groom itself well, you may need to bathe it more frequently. How often to bathe your cat will depend on its breed and activity level. Long-haired or especially active cats, for instance, might need to be bathed more frequently. A cat that is arthritic and has difficulty grooming itself, however, might also need to be bathed more frequently. You may want to place cotton balls in your cat’s ears to keep water out of them.  Choose a bath time when your cat is calm. Playing with your cat before giving it a bath might help to calm and tire it a bit so that the bath is less stressful.  Try to soothe your cat before the bath, by giving it a small treat, talking softly to it, or petting it. You may also want to clip your cat’s nails before bathing to protect yourself from scratches. Before bathing your cat, you should brush it thoroughly. Then, take a washcloth dipped in plain lukewarm water and use it to carefully wipe in and around your cat's ears. If your cat’s face needs washing, you can also use this cloth to gently wipe it. Fill a tub or sink with enough warm (not hot) water so that you will be able to wet your cat, but not so much that it could be submerged. If you are using a tub or basin to bathe your cat in, place a towel or non-slip rubber mat in the bottom. If your cat has something to hold onto during the bath, it might feel more secure and be calmer. Make sure that the room you will bathe your cat in is warm (70 degrees Fahrenheit or warmer), as your cat may become cold when it is wet. You may need the help of another person to put your cat in its bath. Cats generally dislike water, and this step might be slightly stressful on yours. You may also want to protect your hands in arms from cat scratches and bites by wearing gloves and long sleeves when bathing your cat. Cats have different skin characteristics than humans, and so you should not use human shampoo or soap to bathe your cat. Check your...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Решите, как часто вы будете купать своего питомца. Подготовьте своего питомца к купанию. Расчешите и умойте кошку. Приготовьте ванну. Осторожно посадите животное в ванну. Используйте подходящий шампунь. Осторожно помойте кошку. Тщательно ополосните животное. Высушите своего питомца. При необходимости расчешите шерсть. Побалуйте животное каким-либо лакомством.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are like kids - they respond to schedules. Maintaining a routine is the first step to sleep training your cat.  Establish a bedtime routine. Cats are social animals, and they crave attention and love from their owners. If possible, get up and go to bed at roughly the same time each night. This will help your cat adjust to your schedule, and they'll be more likely to rise and fall with you. Turn the lights off at a specific time. Darkness is a cue to cats that it's time to relax and cuddle up for bed. However, keep in mind that cats also love to hunt at night, so darkness by itself doesn't make cats sleepy. Cats thrive on schedule, and easily pick up on signs in regards to their owner's activities. If you sleep with the lights off, turn them off. If you turn the TV off at night, turn it off. If you turn on the fan, turn it on. If you listen to radio, listen to it. Create the same environment every time you go to bed. Your cat will recognize this environment, and understand that it's time to sleep. When a cat is fed affects their sleep schedule drastically. Oftentimes, if a cat is being particularly pesky at bedtime or early morning they're simply hungry. If you can change how and when you feed your cat, this can lead to more peaceful nights.  Try feeding your cat shortly before bed. We're all more likely to sleep after we've had a nice meal. Some people find that if you feed your cat a half cup of dry or wet food shortly before bedtime, they'll be more likely to sleep through the night full and satisfied.  Invest in an automatic feeder for morning meals. Automatic cat feeders, which can be set to release a handful of dry food at specific times, are available for purchase online and at many department stores and specialty pet stores. If your cat wakes you in the early hours of the morning wanting breakfast, an automatic feeder can help. Not to mention, cats are known for their sense of anticipation. If he knows breakfast is coming, he'll likely hang around the feeder early in the morning rather than making...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Организуйте режим дня и строго соблюдайте его.  Обеспечивайте каждый вечер одинаковую обстановку. Поменяйте расписание кормлений.


First, read the English article below.

Cats are notorious for sleeping anytime and anywhere. To be like a cat, make sure you get a full night's sleep as well as other quick naps throughout the day. A quick catnap should take about 15 to 20 minutes, so you can take several throughout the day. If you can't sleep during the day try to rest early in the morning. Try to sleep for an hour, if you can.  Find a nice sun patch for a warm, cozy sun bath. Cats are usually classified as lazy, but hey, what's wrong with being comfortable? Curl up in a comfy cushion or a fresh pile of warm laundry in a ball or the fetal position. Cats protect their stomachs when they sleep as this is their vulnerable spot. After waking up from a satisfying nap or a long night's rest, stretch out your body. Like a cat, take your time stretching every muscle and waking your body up. A quick sun salutation is a great stretching routine and it has poses that resemble a cat's. Yawn to stretch your face muscles and look like a cat waking up as well. Cats groom themselves by licking and pawing their faces to clean off food, odors, and excess hair. Shower at least once a day if not more to keep yourself free from dirt and extra oils. Throughout each day, check your appearance in a mirror and clean up after mealtimes.  Some cats are declawed and others aren't, but growing your nails out and having them shaped into a point is another way to be like a cat. Brush your hair so that you don't shed hair throughout the day and it stays free from tangles and matting. Watch birds, practice climbing trees, and get out and explore nature around you. Be active to keep yourself healthy and in the mindset of an adventurous cat. Once you've worn yourself out, take a nap in the sun.  Cats like to be entertained and around other cats. Spend time playing and lounging with others. Hunting is an activity that will get you in the mindset of a cat. Even an indoor cat will hunt and chase after toys.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Спите много и позволяйте себе вздремнуть в течение дня, как это обычно делают кошки. Занимайтесь йогой, отдавая предпочтение упражнениям на растяжку. Следите за чистотой своего тела. Проводите больше времени на улице, занимаясь активными видами деятельности.


First, read the English article below.

Cats become socialized between two and nine weeks of age. If you adopt or befriend a cat during this time frame, it is easier to develop a relationship. Make interaction positive. Cuddle, praise and play with the cat as much as it wants.  Unless it compromises safety or wellness, avoid any and all situations that could create pain or negativity for the cat.  Demonstrate to the cat that you are trustworthy and loving. Cats are notoriously independent and aloof when they choose to be. Don’t view this as a sign that the cat dislikes you. If a cat chooses to be in the room with you, this means they are curious about you, even if they do not immediately approach.  Avoid staring.  Sustained eye contact is construed as a threat to many animal species.  When looking at a cat, if it looks back at you, look back, slowly blink your eyes a few times, then look away.  By doing this, you are indicating you are non-threatening to the cat.  Try sitting or laying on the floor. Humans are very tall when compared to cats.  As a result, it can seem intimidating to them when standing or sitting on furniture and reach down toward them.  To make yourself more approachable, consider sitting or laying in the floor while petting or playing.  This can make the cat more comfortable. One way to interact with a shy, but curious cat, is to engage it in play.  Try a wand.  Wands are great to use with a new feline friends because they provide distance between you and the cat while facilitating interaction. If a wand toy isn’t available, try a string or make your own with a piece of string or twine tied to a long stick. Avoid rough housing. Humans are strong and large from the perspective of a cat, which can trigger its instincts as a prey animal.  When roughhousing with a cat, you can run the risk of frightening it or teaching it aggressive tendencies. When playing with a cat, never grab, throw, pinch, or offer any other behavior that could be construed as threatening.  Additionally, don’t tickle the belly, as this can trigger an attack...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Начните взаимодействовать с кошкой как можно раньше, если это возможно. Позвольте кошке подходить к вам. Играйте с кошкой. Давайте кошке лакомства. Позволяйте кошке обнюхивать и облизывать вас. Не гладьте кошку, пока она не покажет, что готова к этому. Устройте для кошки укромное место.


First, read the English article below.

Cats can be trained to move on command using clicker training and a target stick. You can buy a clicker for training at a local pet shop. A target stick is simply a long stick you use to guide your cat on and off surfaces. You can use any long stick you want, such as a wooden rod you would buy at a craft store. To start,  you want your cat to learn to follow the stick. Place the target stick near your cat's nose. As soon as it starts sniffing the stick, move the stick. If the cat follows the stick with their nose, click the clicker. Give the cat a reward, like a small treat. This will teach the cat it should follow the clicker stick to get rewarded. For a few days, spend short training intervals teaching your cat to follow the stick. Once your cat consistently follows the stick, you can train your cat to stay off furniture. Choose a command to use to get your cat off furniture. The command can be something like, "No" or "Get off." You want your cat to eventually jump off the furniture in response to this command. Each time you see your cat on the furniture, get your training stick. Say your command while guiding your cat off the furniture. Reward your cat with a small treat when they obey. If you consistently guide your cat off furniture each time you see them on a couch or counter, they will eventually respond to the command without the help of treats or a training stick.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Приготовьте кликер и указку. Обучите кошку следовать за указкой. Выберите команду. Произносите команду и указывайте кошке спрыгнуть с мебели.


First, read the English article below.

Cats can develop allergies to irritants in the environment around them, as well as to different foods. These allergies manifest themselves as itchy skin and occasionally diarrhea or vomiting. This itchiness can result in the cat licking herself too much, which damages the hair shafts; this in turn can make it look like she is losing patches of her hair. You may get a clue that your cat has an allergy to a certain pollen or grass if his itchiness or baldness is seasonal. For example, your cat may only lose fur in the spring or summer when a certain pollen is in the air. If you see that your cat does appear to have seasonal allergies, talk to your vet about trial steroids. Some veterinarians will give cats some allergy-fighting steroids that may help to reduce the itch and allows the cat’s coat to return to normal. Unfortunately, food allergies cannot be controlled by steroids, and the cat will continue to react poorly unless the allergen is eliminated from his diet. Put your cat on a commercial, prescription diet (like Hills ZD or Purina HA). Do not feed your cat anything else.  It may take up to eight weeks to flush your cat’s system of the allergen. If a food allergy was the problem, then after eight weeks on a hypoallergenic diet the cat should be more comfortable and should have stopped over grooming, which should result in the regrowth of the bald patches.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Кошки могут терять шерсть из-за аллергии. Следите за выпадением волос. Посадите вашу кошку на временную гипоаллергенную диету.


First, read the English article below.

Cats do not like certain plants, and will stay away from them. Planting them will make the entire area seem disgusting to the local feline population. Try cultivating one or more of these plants near your garden, interspersed among your garden plants, or in other areas of your yard that you do not want cats to disturb:  Lavender Rue Geranium Absinthe Lemon thyme Thorny roses Coleus canina, also known as “Scaredy Cat Plant” If you do not want to plant herbs or other plants that cats cannot stand, you could scatter dried versions or sprinkle essential oils derived from these plants around your garden for the same effect.  Dried rue and lavender are available online or in some garden supply stores. Essential oils of lavender, lemon grass, citronella, citrus, and eucalyptus can be found in some supermarkets or health and beauty stores. You can also try rubbing essential oils on the edges of containers that you have plants in. If you cannot find these herbs or oils, you can achieve a similar effect by sprinkling cayenne pepper in the same way that you would dried herbs. Most cats hate the smell of citrus. A quick and easy fix is to scatter fresh or dried peels of lemons, oranges, grapefruits or other citrus fruits over the soil of your garden. The cats will not suffer any harm, but the smell will cause them to seek a more appealing area. Much like citrus, the smells of coffee and tobacco are disgusting to most cats. Simply scatter a thin layer of coffee grounds or tobacco directly onto the soil. However, keep in mind that coffee grounds are toxic to cats and dogs. Cat deterrent sprays are available at many garden supply stores. Look for a “natural” one that contains an ingredient like the urine of foxes or other predatory animals. These products contain natural ingredients that may deter other animals such as squirrels and rabbits. Always follow the instructions for use very carefully. In theory, many feral cats do not favor the scent of human hair. As a result, you may be able to keep neighborhood strays away by...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Посадите растения с сильным запахом. Используйте высушенные травы или ароматические масла. Рассыпьте в саду кожуру цитрусовых. Попробуйте использовать кофейную гущу или трубочный табак. Распылите покупной репеллент с мочой хищника. Разбросайте вокруг сада пучки собственных волос. Удалите любые кошачьи запахи.


First, read the English article below.

Cats do not like to use a dirty litter box and they may begin going to the bathroom elsewhere if their litter box is dirty when they need to go. If you are not cleaning your cat’s litter box every day, this may be the reason that your cat is urinating on the carpet.  In addition to scooping out your cat’s litter box every day, once per week you should also remove all the litter and clean the box with warm water and unscented soap or baking soda. When you are finished, dry the box and add fresh litter. Try a self-cleaning litter box to make it easier to keep your cat’s litter box clean. It is important to have one more box than the number of cats in your household. For example, if you have three cats, then you should have four litter boxes. If you only have two litter boxes and you have three cats, then the number of litter boxes may be the reason why your cat is urinating on the carpet. If your cat has to make a long trip to get to her litter box or if the litter box itself is difficult for your cat to get into and out of, that might be the reason why your cat is urinating on the carpet. Place your cat’s litter boxes where it is easy for her to get to them in a hurry, such as one upstairs and one downstairs.  Make sure that your cat will be able to see approaching humans or animals and easily get away. Cats don’t like to feel cornered Attend to the needs of older cats by providing boxes with lower sides, for easier entrance and exit to the litter box. Place litter boxes near or over where your cat tends to urinate on the carpet. Cats may avoid using the litter box because they dislike the smell or texture of the litter, or because the litter is too deep. A shallow bed of medium to fine grain clumping litter is best, but you can also try offering your cat different types of litter to see what she prefers.  Give your cat a choice of litter types by placing two litter boxes with two different types of litter right next to each other. At the end of the day, check to see which one your cat used. Provide a shallow...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Подумайте, как часто вы чистите туалетный лоток. Убедитесь в том, что у вас дома размещено достаточное количество лотков. Проверьте, может ли кошка без труда добраться до лотка. Проверьте, не является ли проблемой наполнитель кошачьего туалета. Посмотрите, не вызывает ли дискомфорт у кошки сам туалетный лоток.


First, read the English article below.

Cats feel the cold more than humans so it will help your cat stay warm by providing great insulation from the cold, as well as a safe space to retreat and relax in. You can buy cardboard boxes in a variety of colours, floral, vintage or modern designs. This lets you choose one to suit your personal choice for your home décor. Alternatively you can simply use a cardboard box from the supermarket or local store.  This can be a fun project for a rainy day with your kids when your cat looks like they are in need of a nap. Before you begin take a minute to learn how to keep your cat safe as well as cosy by making their bed a cat-friendly zone. Cut the hole using scissors or with a craft knife. For an older, slower cat it makes sense to start the door-hole at ground level, but a younger cat or kitten who loves to jump will love a circular door-hole hole halfway up the front of the box.  Make sure the door-hole is large enough for your cat to climb in and out in comfort. If your cat loves to squeeze into things keep the hole relatively small. If your cat is sensitive to tight spaces then supersize the door! Does your cat like a quiet dark place? Do they like to look around and watch all the household bustle around them? Would they prefer the inside of the box to feel snug and dark, or sunny and light? Asking these questions will help to you design a bed perfect for your cat.  If your cat likes to look around them, think about cutting the top off the box as well as a door-hole – this will make sure that they don’t feel isolated. If your cat likes privacy then a good idea is to tape a soft piece of fabric over the door-hole as a curtain. To make a chic bed you could use the same fabric to line the box. Add a snack tube. Cut a hole in the top of box with scissors or a craft knife. Fit a paper toilet roll tube in it as a handy snack drop to ensure you don’t disturb their privacy. This can make a real difference in how quickly and happily your cat adapts. Their sensitive whiskers and paw pads mean that they love...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Подберите упаковочную картонную коробку, подходящего для кошки размера и формы. Вырежьте квадратное или круглое входное отверстие в передней стенке коробки. Подстройте домик под индивидуальные потребности, вкусы и предпочтения вашей кошки. Положите в домик мягкую удобную подстилку.


First, read the English article below.

Cats have a tendency to crawl inside drawers and love to sleep in confined spaces. Before alarming everybody and panicking the children, make sure that the cat is really outside. Call it and offer food. Quickly inspect its favourite places and look for an open window or door. Don't forget to check the garage and the garden. Your cat might just be napping on the grass. Look below the car and in warm places, where cats love to sleep. If your cat just left the house, don't panic. Ask your household and your neighbours to explore the area around your house. Cats usually don't travel much and are likely to be close by.  Be organized. Assign a street or two to each member of the search party. Ask them to be systematic and to look below cars and behind bins. Leave your front door open. The cat might want to come home after a while. Make sure that it can access the house. Leave its favourite blanket or litter box outside to let the smell travel. It will help your cat if it lost its way. Don't forget to leave someone inside to check for potential intruders. Don't run. You might want to hurry while searching for the cat in the streets. Sudden movements will scare your pet. Cats dislike sudden movements and are wired to hide when threatened. If you live near a major road, make sure your cat hasn't been hit by a car. Cats are unfortunately prone to these accidents. If you have a pedigree cat, it might be worth going to the police station. Breeds have a monetary value and are targeted by thieves. Bring a picture and a description with you.  Bring a picture and a description of your cat. It will help the police. Try to make sure that your cat hasn't escaped. You don't want to waste the time of the police. It is worth searching again in the evening if you didn't find your animal during the day. Cats hunt at night. They also dislike noise and are more likely to get out when everything is quiet outside. Remember that they have a better night vision than humans.  Begin your search at dusk when the sun is still shining. The...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Убедитесь, что кошка не в доме. Найдите помощников и осмотрите участок вокруг дома. Позвоните в полицию. Организуйте новую поисковую группу вечером, между 17 и 20 часами. Обойдите соседей.


First, read the English article below.

Cats have highly sensitive hearing and smell so they're aware of the world around them. Whether you're doing nothing or in the middle of a project of conversation, pay attention to what's going on around you. It's a good practice for being safe but also being as observant as a cat.  Reacting erratically and jumping at things that startle you is another way you can imitate cats. If you hear a weird sound or smell something fishy, investigate it. Cats are curious and you should be too. Cats are generally cautious and sometimes standoffish with people at first. Don't just be friends with everyone you meet right away, that's acting more like a dog. Make people earn your trust and friendship. This way, you'll have valuable friendships for life. Be picky with how much time you spend with people. Cats don't always like to be showered with attention and therefore neither should you. Walk away from someone if you need some alone time. You can simply rejoin a conversation when you're ready to be social again.  Demand your own personal space. If you need to be alone, don't let people bother you. Cats will let you know by hissing or growling if they're tired of attention. Being talkative will let people know you want to socialize, and refraining from talking will also alert people that you're done with socializing, just like a cat. Once you're close with someone, you can show them affection, especially physically. Cats like to massage people with their paws and rub their heads to mark their territory. You can give friends back rubs or nuzzle your significant other to show them that you like them. Only do these things to people you're close with, or they might not understand what you're doing. Cats bring their loved ones food to show affection. Giving your friends little gifts like bracelets and little trinkets is a good way to show them you care and are thinking of them. Cats also hunt and leave their kill to provide food to their owners. You can take care of the people you like by feeding them, such as cooking full...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Следите внимательно за окружающей вас обстановкой. Ведите себя застенчиво с людьми, которых вы не знаете, и будьте приветливым со своими знакомыми. Игнорируйте людей, а затем требуйте внимания от них, когда вы захотите этого. Прижимайтесь к человеку, который вам нравится. Дарите другим подарки. Будьте озорным человеком.


First, read the English article below.

Cats have nutritional requirements that are vastly different from our own, requiring careful consideration and planning of the food they're receiving. Cats need a diet high in protein and fat. In fact, cats need twice the amount of protein that dogs need. Do not attempt to do this on your own — talk with your cat's veterinarian about getting a referral to a qualified veterinary nutritionist who can ensure your cat will be getting all the necessary nutrients.  Cats need approximately 85 percent meat, fat, offal, and bone in their diet, with vegetables, herbs, and roughage making up only 15 percent of feline dietary requirements.  Formulating a correctly balanced diet is very difficult and something even veterinary nutritionists struggle with. If you get it wrong, the cat won't show signs for days and weeks, but problems develop months or years down the line. Don't change your cat's diet without consulting a nutritionist and allow yourself to have a false sense of security that your cat seems fine and healthy. A healthy diet for a cat will ensure the following: clean water (available at all times and easily accessible), protein (most cats won't eat food containing less than 20 percent protein), fat (cats need fat for energy, essential fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamin intake, and taste), vitamin A (cats need a good dose of this vitamin. It is found in liver, eggs, and milk but these ingredients need to be used with caution), vitamin B (Cats need vitamin B and will readily eat brewer's yeast if there are signs of deficiency, such as loss of appetite for a few days or a fever), vitamin E (Vitamin E is needed to break down unsaturated fats in the cat's diet), and calcium (This is an important part of building and maintaining your cat's bones). Taurine is an amino acid that is also essential to a cat's diet. Sufficient amounts of taurine usually exist in commercial cat foods (both dry and wet), but your cat may be at risk of a taurine deficiency if you feed it homemade foods or a vegetarian diet. Taurine deficiency...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Ознакомьтесь с пищевыми потребностями котов. Определите, что должно входить в рацион кота. Подумайте, как и когда вы будете кормить кота. Соотнесите свое питание с питанием кота. Помните, что приготовление пищи дома потребует определенного анализа, и разрабатывать рацион следует только под руководством ветеринара. Помните, что коты быстро привыкают к определенной пище. Не давайте коту вредные и опасные продукты. Ограничьте употребление продуктов, которые не вызовут отравления, но которые не следует давать в больших количествах. Оцените свои возможности.


First, read the English article below.

Cats have scent glands on the backs of their paws. The pads of their feet also produce sweat that has a unique scent. Cats often communicate by reading the smells around them. A cat will scent mark her territory to let other cats know she is around, to tell other cats when she was last there, and to make herself feel safe and secure. Cats like to scent mark vertical surfaces at or around nose height (to maximize the signal for other cats). They also like to scent mark entrances and exits because other cats may have to pass that way in order to get into the territory. Cats also scratch as a way to stretch their muscles. As cats scratch, they are stretching the muscles in their back and legs, which feels nice to them. It is similar to the way that we stretch in the morning or after sitting for a long time. Cats like to scratch surfaces that feel nice under their paws. That is why some cats will end up shredding a nice piece of furniture or an expensive rug. Scratching acts as a kind of stress reliever, so it is necessary for them to engage in it. Try to provide a substitute scratcher with a similar texture to your cat's preferred scratching surface.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Кошки общаются при помощи запахов. Некоторые кошки предпочитают точить когти в определенных местах. Для кошек царапание —  это одна из форм физических упражнений. Кошки часто предпочитают царапать поверхности, которые им особенно нравятся на ощупь.


First, read the English article below.

Cats have sensitive ears that can be hurt by loud music, loud television, or other sources of noise. Comfort a cat that's frightened by loud noises outside the house, particularly fireworks or thunderstorms. Take her into an interior room or close the curtains, put the TV or radio on low, and make sure the cat has a "bolt hole" where she can hide until the ordeal is over. Some cats who are bonded to their owner will benefit from companionship and reassurance (such as the cat who bolts under the comforter during a thunderstorm: she gets comfort from the owner's scent on the bedsheets). However, a truly terrified cat will be too traumatized to accept comfort and will consider human interference a further threat. As a rule of thumb, if the cat backs away from you, growls, hisses, or swishes her tail, leave her alone. In fact, look for a way to make her bolt hole more secure, such as putting a towel over the box she is hiding in so that the front is screened and she can't be seen. A lack of safe places can also stress a cat. If she feels exposed because there are no high perches where she can safely watch the comings and goings, or no dark cupboards to hide in, this in itself is a stress. All it takes to correct this is the simple provision of a cardboard box in a quiet corner, or a tall tower or scratching post. Cats are very sensitive to changes to their environment. While some situations are hard to avoid (like moving apartments), try to provide as calm an atmosphere as you can. Arguing and yelling not only stresses you out, but your cat as well. If you're going through transitions at home, be sure to tune in to your cat and take all the measures you can to make it as smooth as possible for her. Always provide a safe place where she can hide. Cats can't understand the connection between yelling or hitting and something the cat is doing wrong, so trying to discipline a cat this way only makes the cat anxious and afraid. Instead, use positive reinforcement to encourage good behavior in your cat. Every time she...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Не включайте громко музыку. Вы должны знать, когда необходимо успокоить кошку. Ваша кошка должна иметь много безопасных мест в доме. Постарайтесь сохранять мирную, стабильную атмосферу в доме. Не кричите на вашего питомца.


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Cats like privacy when on the toilet. Place the tray in a quiet area where the cat won't be disturbed or frightened by a sudden noise (such as a washing machine in a laundry room). If you have several cats, be aware that you need one tray for each cat. Its even a good idea to have a spare. Thus if you have five cats you should have six trays. Keep the trays clean so they are pleasant places for your kitty to visit. This means daily pooper scooping and spot cleaning, and a weekly complete clean of the trays. Be aware that indoor cats are prone to weight gain. To prevent this, measure out the food and give the amount recommended on the package. If your cat is putting weight on (its ribs get more difficult to find), then reduce its daily allowance.  Keep fresh water on hand at ALL TIMES! This is very important. Consider feeding foods made for "indoor" or "sterilized" cats, since these are slightly reduced in calories to take account of the cat's lifestyle. It is a good idea to give the cat an outlet for hunting behavior by using puzzle feeders so kitty works for its supper. These are available online and through most pet stores. It's important that the cat has a little space of its own, even if it actually sleeps with you at night. This little space could be a cat bed, or a cat tree that the cat can curl up inside of. Scratching is a part of normal cat behavior. When it scratches the cat deposits tiny amounts of scent, which lets other cats know it has claimed the territory. If you don't provide a scratching post then the cat will find its own and it could very well be your best sofa.  Watch your cat to see if it scratches horizontally (along the carpet) or vertically (up the sofa). Provide your cat with a scratch post that is either flat (horizontal) or vertical to match its natural scratching preference. Make sure the post is taller than the cat is and anchor it firmly, so it doesn't move when the cat scratches. Place the post near an entrance or exit, since this is where cats like to deposit their scent. Also...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

У кошки должен быть туалетный лоток, который следует чистить каждый день. Обеспечьте кошку едой и водой. Пусть у кошки будет ее собственное укрытие, в котором она сможет провести некоторое время в одиночестве. Купите (или сделайте) своей кошке когтеточку.


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Cats need their own private space to feel happy. Don’t always try to interact with them and let them do their own things. Let the cat have a quiet space in the house where the children will not harass it.  A cat’s personal space doesn’t have to be big. Cats love confined spaces, such as cardboard boxes, and will happily use them to take a nap.  Try to grow a plant of cat grass near your cat’s private space. This special plant helps their digestive system and doesn’t trigger vomiting like garden grass. You can buy a basket for your cat at the pet shop. Look for one model that you can clean easily as it can get dirty or smelly over time. Let your cat look at a window. They love observing birds and people. Cats are independent animals and will cope well when you’re at work. You can, however, make sure that they have enough toys to keep busy. You can buy cat toys in most pet shops and supermarkets. When you come home, don’t forget to play! Cats need exercise.  You can also do your own cat toys. Attach a piece of string on a door handle and let the cat go wild. Alternatively, you can offer your cat a ball. Your animal will chase it as a mouse. Don’t forget to provide a scratching post or else your couch will suffer. Use a laser or a flashlight and point it at the floor. Your cat will try to catch the light and will get very excited. Cats work well on their own but are also happy to have company. You could consider taking another cat if you work long hours and if you have the space and the energy. Don’t forget to neuter them or you might end up with a feline army! To introduce a new cat, use the following steps:  The resident cat will often display hostility at first. Isolate the new cat at first and let it get used to the room. Your old cat will not see it but will be able to scent it. Introduce your cats at mealtime but put the feeding stations at opposing sides of the room. Separate them after the meal and start again for the next days. After a few more days, let them meet but always monitor the situation. If...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Дайте кошке свободное пространство. У кошки должно быть много игрушек и развлечений. Познакомьте ее с другим питомцем.


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Cats need to be able to reach up as high as they can to scratch and stretch. If the scratching post is too short, your cat may not even look at it. The post should be high enough to allow your cat to stand on her back legs and reach above her head with her front paws. To make sure your cat’s scratching post is stable, try fixing it to a surface or making sure the post has a sturdy base so it won’t budge when the cat scratches it. If your cat feels the post move or shift, she won't feel secure and may refuse to use the post. Scratching boards which you lean against a wall or hang like a picture are unpopular with most cats. Individual cats favor different textures to scratch on. If you are not sure what your cat likes, a good starter scratcher is natural rope wound around a sturdy column.  Avoid plastic ropes or artificial fibers because these materials can create static, which cats dislike. If your cat likes to scratch carpet, then consider nailing a piece of carpet to a sturdy post. Other textures to consider trying include corrugated cardboard, and cloth. Chances are that your cat likes to scratch in more than just one spot, so plan to purchase or create more than one scratching post in your house. Having multiple posts will ensure that your cat always has access to a scratching post where ever she is. Having multiple posts is even more important if you have multiple cats.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Когтеточка в виде столбика должна быть достаточно высокой. Когтеточка должна быть хорошо закреплена. Кошке должна понравиться текстура когтеточки. Приобретите несколько когтеточек.


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Cats normally scratch their ears to ease minor itches or irritations. They may also rub on their ears as they clean them, licking their paws and then rubbing their paws on their ears. However, there is a difference between itching normally and excessive itching. If you notice that your cat is constantly itching its ears, then you should assess the ears for potential problems. A cat that is itching its ears constantly, and damaging the skin around the ears, may have an ear issue that needs veterinary care. Once you notice that your cat is spending a lot of time scratching its ears, you should do an inspection of the ears. Hold your cat in your lap or go down to its level. While petting it and keeping it calm, you should look closely at the outside of your cat's ears. Then gently fold back the cat's ears and look inside them.  Make sure there is no redness, scabbing, or flaky skin on the inside or the outside of the ear. A cat's ears are usually covered in fur on the outside but the inside has less fur. You should be able to see a lot of healthy pink skin in the inside of the ear. While inspecting your cat's ears you should be looking for signs of disease. In addition to scratching, if your cat has an ear infection or other ear disease they may exhibit other symptoms. These symptoms may include:  Discharge Sensitivity to touch Ear odor Repeated head shaking Rubbing the ears on the floor or other surfaces If your cat has a little bit of waxy build up or grime in its ears, but they seem otherwise healthy, then you may simply choose to clean your cat's ears. Once the cat's ears are cleaned, you should then keep a watchful eye on whether the itching persists. However, if your cat has injured itself with its itching, or there is evidence that your cat may have some sort of ear disease, then it should be seen by a veterinarian. Cats are very good at hiding discomfort and pain. Just because you do not notice any behavioral changes or signs of unhappiness, that does not mean that your cat doesn't need veterinary care.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Остерегайтесь чрезмерного чесания. Осмотрите уши кошки, если заметите, что она часто чешет уши. Остерегайтесь прочих симптомов заболевания уха. Решите, какой уход необходим кошке.


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Cats often try to mask their clinical signs when they are sick. As attentive a pet owner as you may be, you may not immediately notice when your cat is feeling unwell. Unfortunately, masking illness can make cancer detection difficult.  The later the cancer is diagnosed by your veterinarian, the costlier and more aggressive the treatment may be.  A new lump or bump is an easily visible sign of potential cancer.  Clinical signs may vary based on the location of the tumor. For example, a gastrointestinal cancer would cause such symptoms as vomiting and diarrhea.  With skin cancer, you may see redness and irritation, along with a lump or bump.  Be mindful that your cat’s cancer may not produce any clinical signs initially, and then cause a sudden appearance of clinical signs. Take your cat to your veterinarian as soon as you start to notice clinical signs. You may not suspect cancer, but your veterinarian can run various diagnostic tests to determine why your cat is ill. When it comes to cancer, early detection and diagnosis are key.  Diagnostic tests that your veterinarian may run include imaging (e.g., x-rays, ultrasound), blood work, and a biopsy.  Be aware that biopsies are not always conclusive.  Your veterinarian may also want to test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), both of which have been associated with cancer in cats (especially FeLV).  The diagnostic tests can help to assess your cat’s overall health and her ability to undergo cancer treatment, as well as determine how advanced the cancer is. If the diagnostic tests reveal that your cat has cancer, talk with your veterinarian about how to move forward. He or she will understand that you will have a lot of questions and concerns about treating your cat’s cancer. For example, ask about the cost of cancer treatment, which could range from several hundred to several thousand dollars.  You can also ask what may have caused your cat’s cancer. Keep in mind that feline cancer often has unknown causes. Some causes that...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Будьте наблюдательны и постарайтесь заметить странности в поведении кошки. Составьте график встреч с ветеринаром. Поговорите с ветеринаром.


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Cats prefer to relieve themselves in a peaceful location without a lot of action or loud noises in the background. However, cats also do not like having a litter box that is too far out of the way.  Make sure your cat can physically access his litter box. Do not put the box on a high shelf or an otherwise difficult to reach area if your cat is old and has trouble jumping or climbing. Avoid noisy or high-traffic areas. Do not place a litter box next to a washing machine, for example, or in a crowded hallway that gets a lot of foot traffic. Cats want peace and privacy, but they also want convenience.  Do not put your cat's litter box in close proximity to its food and water dishes. This may discourage your cat from using the litter box. You may also want to place your cat in his box shortly after he wakes up and after playing, as all of these are times most cats will want to excrete wastes. Putting your cat into the litter box during times he will likely need to relieve himself, such as after eating a meal or when he's just woken up, may help remind him to use the litter box every time he needs to go. Cats will not want to use a litter box if it is dirty, and may resort to urinating or defecating around the house.  Wear rubber gloves while handling cat feces to reduce the risk of contracting toxoplasmosis.  Scoop out solid waste and clumps of urine-soaked litter everyday. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling soiled cat litter, even if you wore gloves.  Do a thorough cleaning once a week. This entails dumping out old litter, washing the litter box with a mild detergent, thoroughly rinsing the soap away, drying the box completely, and pouring in a fresh layer of litter. You should only add about two to three inches (five to seven centimeters) of litter when refilling the box. There are many different types of cat litter, made from a variety of different materials. The most important factor is finding a litter that your cat will want to use. Most cats prefer clumping, unscented litter. However, your cat may...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Разместите туалетный лоток в тихом месте. Сажайте кошку в лоток вскоре после кормления. Содержите туалетный лоток в чистоте. Используйте такой наполнитель кошачьего туалета, который нравится вашей кошке. Поощряйте кошку за использование туалетного лотка. Не наказывайте кошку за оплошности вне туалетного лотка. В качестве последнего средства прибегните к методу заточения.


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Cats rarely need full baths.   Regular brushing and spot cleaning are usually sufficient to keep cats clean. If your cat gets into something sticky, rolls around in dirt, has a particularly nasty episode of diarrhea or does something else to foul large areas of his coat, however, you will need to bathe him. If you don’t want to bathe your cat yourself, you can take him to a professional groomer. Your cat won’t get as stressed in the tub if you choose a time when he is calm and mellow. Try playing with your cat for a while to tire him out and then start the bath. If your cat seems agitated, wait until he calms down before trying to bathe him. Before you get your cat into the tub, you may want to trim his claws. If your cat protests during the bath, you won’t get scratched as much. Make sure that you do not trim them down too far, just trim the ends so that they are not so pointy. If you trim too far down, you may strike the quick, which will be very painful for your cat and may bleed as well. If you are nervous about trimming your cat's nails, you can take your cat to a groomer or to your veterinarian to have them trimmed. Running a brush over your cat will help remove loose hair and debris. It’s important to remove mats as well, since shampoo could get lodged in a mat. Have a helper on hand to restrain the cat or hand you necessary items. Bathing a cat alone is very challenging, so don’t try to do it on your own unless you have no other option. Before involving the cat in the process, gather necessary supplies so you are prepared once you get your cat in the tub. These include:  Cat shampoo: Don’t use dog shampoo. A plastic cup or pitcher Towels Washcloth Rubber mat You can either bathe your cat in the tub or a sink if your sink is big enough. Place the rubber mat in the sink or tub. This mat will prevent the cat from slipping. Fill the tub with three to four inches of lukewarm water. Place the cat in the tub, and have your friend hold onto the scruff of your cat's neck. Then, use the cup or pitcher to...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Купайте кошку только в случае необходимости. Выберите подходящий момент. Подрежьте когти. Хорошо расчешите кошку. Попросите кого-нибудь помочь вам. Подготовьте все необходимое. Подготовьте раковину или ванну. Начните купать кошку. Вотрите шампунь в шерсть кошки. Смойте шампунь. Высушите кошку.


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Cats tend to learn quicker when they're young. Therefore, the best time to begin training your cat is when she's a kitten. However, many people adopt cats when they're older. An older can learn as well. It just may take more time. Don’t punish your cat for not following along with your training, even if your cat only comes some of the time or doesn’t come at all. Cats do not respond well to punishment. They do not connect punishment with bad behavior, and simply think they're getting mistreated needlessly. If you punish your cat, she may become stressed or unhappy at home. This can result in her being even less likely to come when called. At first, it may take your cat awhile to come when she's called. You should not withhold rewards if your cat does not follow the command immediately. Your cat may simply be confused and be taking awhile to make the connection. You want to make sure to reward your cat consistently, solidifying the positive association with your call. Reward your cat even if she's taking awhile. You want to avoid using the come command for anything that may create a negative situation. Bad associations may make your cat hesitant to come when called. If you need to take your cat to the vet or give them an unpleasant medicine, approach your cat instead of having her come to you.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

При возможности начните обучение в юном возрасте. Не наказывайте своего питомца. Не отказывайте кошке в поощрении, если она реагирует на зов слишком медленно. Не используйте команду в негативных ситуациях.


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Cats who aren't spayed will periodically go into a period of heightened sexual activity called "heat", referred to scientifically as "estrus." This period of heat can last as long as three weeks, though visible symptoms usually don't last this long. A cat in heat will often act very affectionate, rubbing herself against people and inanimate objects and rolling around in a playful frenzy. A cat in heat will often show sexual affection by getting into a "presenting" stance, or a crouching body position — her rear will be elevated, her tail will be raised or placed at one side, and her head will be held low to the ground. This is especially common in the presence of male cats. When a female cat goes into the crouching position, she will likely also tread or paddle with her back feet. She will lift each back foot quickly, like she is walking in place. This is thought to attract males during heat because this causes the female cat’s genitals to jiggle up and down as she walks. A cat in heat will let out loud, yowling meows and other bleating noises. These vocalizations will typically start just after the onset of heat and grow in intensity over time. At their worst, these calls may be very frequent and may even sound pained or distressed, though the cat is not in any real danger. Other, less-common calls may range from quieter, inquiring mews to agitated screeches. An indoor cat who goes into heat may suddenly adopt the habits of an outdoor cat. Cats in heat will often want to get outside so they can find a mate and may resort to behaviors like pawing and scratching at the door, making noises at the door, or even trying to dart outside as soon as the door is open. Keep a close eye on the cat whenever you enter or leave the house. If your cat escapes from the house, she may come home pregnant as she is not spayed. A cat who is not spayed will use her urine to let potential mates know when she is in heat. Urine marking is a common reproductive trait in female cats and can be prevented by getting the cat spayed. The...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Обратите внимание, если кошка внезапно стала слишком навязчивой и чаще обычного трется о вас. Посмотрите, не становится ли кошка в “пригласительную” стойку и не перетаптывается ли задними лапами. Обратите внимание на призывный вой или громкое мяуканье кошки. Посмотрите, не стремится ли кошка проводить больше времени на улице. Обратите внимание, не начинает ли кошка ставить метки мочой. Обратите внимание на вагинальные выделения у кошки.


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Cats with failing kidneys tend to develop inflamed stomach linings, which causes heartburn and, in some cases, gastric ulcers. To provide some relief and encourage your cat’s appetite, your veterinarian may recommend antacids. The typical prescription is omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor that is extremely effective at reducing gastric acid secretion. Smaller cats usually get 1 mg/kg by mouth once a day; larger cats usually take half a 10 mg tablet once a day. If you do not have a prescription for omeprazole, you can also try famotidine, which is sold over the counter as Pepcid. Pepcid blocks histamine-induced gastric acid production. Unfortunately, dosing can be difficult. Larger cats typically need a quarter of a 20 mg tablet, but smaller cats usually need an eighth of a tablet, which can be impractical. B vitamins are important for digestive health and a good appetite. This group of vitamins is water soluble, so your cat’s increased thirst may wash them away too quickly into the urine. Your veterinarian may therefore recommend a course of injections – usually one injection a week for four weeks – to keep sufficient B vitamins in your cat’s blood. If your cat has no appetite – even if you’ve given antacids and made sure there’s no problem with dehydration – you may need to provide an appetite stimulant. Ask your veterinarian about a low dose of intravenous diazepam, which sometimes gets cats to eat. Another possibility is Periactin, an antihistamine that has appetite-stimulating side effects. The usual dose is 0/1-0.5 mg/kg twice per day. Larger cats may require half a tablet, twice a day. Another appetite stimulant is mirtazapine which may only need to be given every 2-3 days. When given in the early stages of kidney disease, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) can prolong the life of the kidney. These drugs change the blood flow through the kidney and lower the pressure gradient so that less damage is inflicted on the micro circulation within the kidney. A common prescription is a...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Давайте своему коту/кошке антациды. Давайте витамины группы В. Подумайте о медикаментозной стимуляции аппетита у своего кота/кошки. Давайте ингибиторы АПФ.


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Cats with failing kidneys tend to have high blood pressure (also known as hypertension). This problem places them at greater risk of throwing blood clots and having strokes. In addition, hypertension can cause fluid to accumulate between the retina and the back of the eye, causing retinal detachment and sudden blindness. Because hypertension is such an issue, you should make sure that your veterinarian checks your cat’s blood pressure regularly.  If your cat's blood pressure is slightly high, an ACE inhibitor may reduce it by as much as 10%. If the hypertension is more severe, your veterinarian may recommend an antihypertensive medication, such as amlodipine. The average dose is 0.625-1.25 mg once per day – this is about an eighth of a 5 mg tablet. Because cats with failing kidneys have weaker urine, they are more prone to urinary infections. Lower-grade infections may produce no symptoms, but they still need to be treated because bacteria can travel from the bladder into the kidney, contributing to renal damage. Your veterinarian should perform a urine culture at least twice a year in order to identify infections. He or she may prescribe antibiotics if the culture turns up positive.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Имейте представление о проблемах, связанных с высоким кровяным давлением. Регулярно проверяйте зрение кота/кошки. Следите за появлением инфекции мочевых путей.


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Cats, in general, like to be up high where they can see everything going on.  This is one of the reasons cats like to climb on top of tall shelves or the fridge.  Providing your kitten with a tall cat tree or cat condo will give her a spot she can go to that makes her feel comfortable. Having a spot like this when something scary is happening can be especially helpful.  For example, your kitten may prefer to sit in the cat tree when you are running the vacuum or watching a loud movie. While you don’t want to have furniture that has a hiding spot where your kitten can get stuck, it is a good idea to provide your kitten with a safe spot to hide when she’s feeling nervous or scared.  A cat tree with a cubby, or a cat tent, are great options.  Since you are probably already aware that cats love boxes, providing one or more boxes for your kitten to hide in will also work. It is also a good idea to have more than one of these hiding spots for your kitten.  You might want to put one in each of the main rooms your kittens hangs out in. A nervous kitten is likely to be scared of everything.  The best thing you can do for a nervous kitten is to remove as many of the scary items as possible.  This includes keeping the house (or room) as quiet as possible and slowly introducing sounds over time.  Scary sounds might include the TV, radio, vacuum, washing machine, dishwasher, fans, etc. If your kitten is in her own room, try playing calming sounds or a radio at a low volume in that room to acclimatize your kitten to noises. There are several herbal remedies made specifically for cats that can help them keep calm and reduce anxiety.  Depending on the type of remedy, you may be able to put it in your kitten’s water, or in her ears.  Some cats are also calmed by the scent of lavender or honeysuckle. Using either the essential oils of lavender or honeysuckle, or a spray made from the essential oils, may help keep your kitten calm. Do not put the spray or essential oil directly onto your kitten.  Instead spray it on their...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Приобретите своему котенку высокое кошачье дерево или домик. Отведите котенку место, где он мог бы спрятаться. Старайтесь не шуметь. Попробуйте использовать для успокоения котенка растительные средства. Используйте для успокоения своего питомца кошачьи феромоны.


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Caulk guns cost between five and ten dollars at any home improvement store. Make sure you get one that is made of heavy duty metal. Solid-shaft caulk guns produce very smooth lines and generally get better results. Solid-shafts are a better choice than notched-shaft caulk guns. Trimming the nozzle allows the caulk to flow freely out of the tube. You can control the size of the caulk line, also called the “bead,” when you make the snip. The further down on the nozzle you make the cut, the wider the bead will be. For quick, basic jobs, trim the end of the nozzle straight across.  Cut the nozzle at a 45-degree angle if you need more precision and control. Check inside the nozzle for a foil seal. If it does have a foil seal, use something sharp and narrow (like a long nail) to puncture it. There will be a long, hooked rod on the end of the gun. Pull it all the way back. This will open up the gun so you can insert the caulk tube. Situate the tube base into the gun first. Then tilt the nozzle end of the tube into the top part of the gun. Turn the hooked rod so that the hooked part is facing up and the side with the teeth is facing down. Gently squeeze the trigger to get the caulk flowing and then it’s ready to use. Apply gentle and steady pressure to the trigger. Caulk will begin to flow. Pull the caulking gun along the line or area to be caulked. Keep squeezing the trigger gently as you go to ensure a continuous release of caulk. Move the gun at a steady speed. The caulk will form "beads" as it emerges. Try to get one continuous, even bead along each length.  Keep a damp rag (dipped in water or mineral spirits) handy, for fast wiping of mistakes. It is always better to use less caulk than too much. You can always add more on a second pass. To stop the flow of caulk, press the button under the shaft behind the needle. This will relieve tension to the gun and avoid a mess. Don't run the length of the bead any longer than around 5 feet (1.5 meters) before stopping and assessing your work for neatness. If the caulk...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Приобретите высококачественный пистолет для герметика, сделанный из прочного металла. Срежьте кончик тубы с герметиком, чтобы получилось отверстие нужного вам диаметра. Вставьте тубу с герметиком в пистолет. Расположите носик тубы над тем местом, откуда будете начинать герметизацию. Проверьте, насколько аккуратным получился шов. Снимите малярную ленту.


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Caulking guns use specially-designed cartridges to dispense caulk. These look like long cylindrical tubes with a skinny pointed cone or "nose" at one end. Before loading your cartridge, take a knife or a sharp pair of scissors and trim off the very end of this "nose" at about a 45 degree angle to create a small, slanted hole. This hole should be only about 1/8th of an inch in diameter — about the width of a matchstick.  Try to cut your cartridge's tip as conservatively as possible. It's easy to make a small hole bigger, but impossible to make a large hole smaller. Next, use the gun's piercing rod (which is usually a stiff piece of wire attached to the gun) to poke a few holes in the cartridge's membrane through the hole you just cut in the tip. This allows caulk to flow easily out of the cartridge. The more holes you poke, the more easily the caulk will flow. About 4-5 holes is usually sufficient.  Note that some plastic cartridges don't have an internal membrane. If you don't feel any resistance when using the piercing rod, you'll know this is the case. Most caulking guns can be loaded via the following steps:   Push the spring-loaded lever on the gun and hold it down. Pull the rod at rear of the gun (the "pushrod") all the way back while holding the lever down. Insert the cartridge into its slot butt-first, then drop the cartridge's point down into the space in the front of the gun. Make sure the angle of the cut in the point is facing downwards. You may need to turn the cartridge to do this. Finally, twist the pushrod so the notches are facing downward. Pull the trigger a few times until you feel resistance. You're now ready to caulk! To practice, spread out a large piece of newspaper on the floor and hold the point of your caulking gun against it. Pull lightly on the trigger until caulk begins to flow out of the nozzle. When caulk begins to flow out of the gun, move it slowly back while keeping constant pressure on the trigger. Try to make a long, thin, consistent line of caulk without any gaps or thick...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Отрежьте носик тубы с герметиком. Пробейте перегородку тубы. Вставьте тубу в пистолет. Если у вас мало опыта в работе с пистолетом — сперва потренируйтесь. Герметизируем плинтус сверху. Разгладьте герметик пальцем. Герметизируем плинтус снизу. Удалите малярную ленту, прежде чем герметик высохнет.


First, read the English article below.

Caustic soda, or sodium hydroxide, is an extremely strong chemical that will dissolve most blockages clogging up your sink.  Caustic soda can be purchased at most hardware stores. Dilute 3 cups (750 ml) of caustic soda with 3/4 gallon (3 L) of cold water in a large mop bucket. Mix the chemical and the water together with a wooden spoon. Do not use any container or utensil you plan to use for food later on. Do not stir the water and caustic soda together with your hands. The water and caustic soda should begin to "fizz" and heat up as you mix the two together. Carefully pour the solution directly into the clogged sink drain. Let sit for 20 to 30 minutes without touching it. Boil 1 gallon (4 L) of water on the stove and use it to flush the drain. Repeat the procedure if necessary. If you are connected to a public sewer system and not to a well or septic tank, you can use bleach to both clean and deodorize a clogged sink.  Pour 1 cup (250 ml) of undiluted bleach directly down the sink drain. Let sit for 5 to 10 minutes. Turn your sink on and let water rush into the drain. Make sure that the water is as hot as possible and as strong or rapid as possible. Let it run up to 5 minutes. If your sink begins to back up and fill with water, turn the water off and let it drain before attempting to unclog the sink again. Do not use bleach if you use a septic tank. Bleach kills bacteria living in the tank, but the bacteria it kills eats solid waste, thereby preventing the lines from clogging. Commercial drain cleaners can be purchased at most grocery stores, and there are caustic, acid, and enzymatic cleaners available.  Read the label carefully to determine which cleaner is right for your particular type of blockage. For instance, some cleaners might work better in bathroom sinks, while others might work better for kitchen sinks. Follow the instructions on the label carefully when you use it. Caustic drain cleaners rely on chemical reactions caused by hydroxide ions. Acid drain cleaners use a chemical reaction between...

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Используйте каустическую соду. Попробуйте отбеливатель. Используйте очиститель дренажных труб.


First, read the English article below.

Cedar has anti-fungal properties and is often used to deodorize clothes. The insoles would stay in your shoes, while the chips would need to be inserted at night and removed in the morning. Odor-controlling insoles can be cut to fit the shape of your sole, and come in several different colors. These work well for sandals, high heels or open-toed shoes. Secure the insole with small strips of double-sided tape or dabs of rubber cement. These will help the insole stay in place while keeping it easily removable. Linings containing silver are anti-microbial and can inhibit the growth of odor-causing bacteria. Simply place a couple of dryer sheets in your shoes while you use them. These instantly deodorize the smell.

Now, please write a short abstract for it in Russian. Abstract:

Используйте кедровые стельки или стружку. Используйте стельки, поглощающие запах. Используйте стельки или подкладки для обуви с ионами серебра. Используйте салфетки с пропиткой антистатиком-дезодорантом.