USB drives tend to fill up quickly—especially older drives that don't have much storage. Try clearing out some files that you don't need if your drive is full. You can quickly clear a drive of files by dragging the files in question into your computer's Recycle Bin (Windows) or Trash (Mac). Many USB drives cannot store files larger than 4 GB. If you need to transfer files larger than this, you'll have to format the USB drive with a different file system. See the next step for details. . Formatting allows you to change the file system of the flash drive, which is handy if you either need to store files larger than 4 gigabytes or need to set up the flash drive for use on your computer. Formatting will erase the flash drive's contents.  If you want to store files larger than 4 gigabytes, select exFAT (Windows) or ExFAT (Mac). Flash drives formatted for Windows-only use aren't compatible with Mac computers, and vice versa. Formatting the flash drive for a compatible format will fix this issue.

TL;DR in Russian:

Убедитесь, что накопитель не заполнен. Проверьте размер файла, который вы хотите скопировать/скачать на флеш-накопитель. Отформатируйте флеш-накопитель


UTIs are a common sign of urinary reflux, so if your child has one or several UTIs, you should consider having him tested for VUR.  In infants and toddlers with urinary reflux, symptoms of UTIs include an unexplained fever, diarrhea, vomiting, lack of appetite, and irritability. You may also notice frequent urinating in small amounts, blood in the urine (hematuria), or cloudy, strong-smelling urine. If your child is younger than 3 months old and has a rectal temperature of 100.4 F (38 C) or higher, contact your doctor. If your child is three months or older and has a fever of 102 °F (38.9 °C) or higher, contact your doctor. Older children might experience similar signs, but can also communicate several others. These include a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation when urinating, and being hesitant to urinate or holding urine to avoid that burning sensation.  Listen for other, less specific complaints from older children. These can include going to the bathroom more often, saying, "It burns," or, "It hurts," when urinating, or complaining of a stomachache. Older kids with urinary reflux (as well as other UTIs) may also experience kidney pain. Kidney pain is felt as a pain on either side of the back, just beneath the lower ribs. Dysfunctional urination is a symptom of more serious urinary reflux. This can be an overactive bladder, a tendency to "hold in" urine, or the inability to release anything but a very weak stream of urine (particularly in boys). Your child may also be suffering from severe constipation (holding in stool). These may include having to urinate often or suddenly, long periods of time between bathroom visits, daytime wetting, and posturing to prevent wetting. Your child may also have pain in the penis or perineum (the area between the anus and genitals), constipation (fewer than two bowel movements in a week, and painful, large, or hard when they happen), bedwetting, or incontinence (the inability to hold stool in the colon and rectum). One type of VUR is caused by an...

TL;DR in Russian:

Присмотритесь к симптомам инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП). Выявите возможную боль в почках у старших детей. Обратите внимание на нарушение мочеиспускания. Присмотритесь к другим симптомам дисфункции мочевого пузыря и кишечника. Знайте о пороках развития. Проверьте, не было ли рефлюкса мочевого пузыря у кого-нибудь из вашей семьи.


UV rays can be split into three subtypes: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UVA and UVB are the two types that can damage your skin. UVA composes 95% of all UV rays, and are responsible for sunburns and blisters. However, UVB rays cause more of the erythema, or the redness caused by the swelling of blood vessels. Examples of erythema include redness by sunburns, infections, inflammation, or even blushing. Blisters will not pop up immediately after sun exposure. Rather, they take a couple of days to develop. Burn blisters form when blood vessels are damaged and plasma and other fluids leak in between layers of skin, creating a pocket of fluid. Do not assume that the blisters are unrelated to your sunburn just because they appeared later. Harmful UV rays impact lighter skin tones more than darker ones, so you may be more or less susceptible to blistered sunburns than others, depending on your skin type.  First-degree burns cause erythema, and blood vessels will widen, causing the skin to rise and become red in color. In the case of first-degree burns, only the outermost layer of skin is burned. However, damaged cells can release chemical mediators that can further irritate the skin and destroy other damaged cells. In the case of second-degree burns, inner layers of skin are also affected, as well as blood vessels. Thus, blisters are a sign of second-degree burns. This is why burn blisters are considered to be a much more serious condition than the average sunburn. Your body may be suffering severely due to extended sun exposure, causing conditions such as dehydration or heat exhaustion. Watch for the following symptoms and seek emergency assistance immediately:   Dizziness or faintness Rapid pulse and rapid breathing Nausea, chills or fever Heavy thirst Sensitivity to light Blisters covering 20% or more of the body Consult a doctor if you have chronic actinic dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, herpes simplex, or eczema. Sun damage can worsen these conditions. Sunburns may also cause keratitis, inflammation of the cornea of the...

TL;DR in Russian:

Чтобы понять опасность ожога, нужно разобраться в том, как действуют на организм УФ лучи. Теперь важно понять, каким образом на коже появляются волдыри. Немедленно обратитесь к врачу, если испытываете симптомы, перечисленные ниже. Если есть другие причины появления волдырей, обратите на это внимание. Обратите внимание на появление ранних симптомов. Обратите внимание на наличие зудящих волдырей. Измеряйте температуру. Обратите внимание на шелушение кожи.


Uber users who live in India have the option to use Paytm Wallet or Airtel Money instead of a credit card. If you live anywhere other than India, this method will not work for you. If you are already an Uber member, you don’t need to re-register. Just launch the app, tap “Payments” in the menu, and select “Add a Prepaid Wallet” as your method of payment. At that point, select either “Paytm” or “Airtel Money.” If you don’t have an account, you will be walked through the setup process. ” Now you will create your new Uber account.  Enter your name, e-mail address, phone number, and a password to protect your account. Tap “Next” when you’re ready to continue. A text message containing a confirmation code will be sent to the mobile phone number you provided. Whether you select PayTM or Airtel Money, the next steps will be very similar. The app will check to see if there’s already a Paytm or Airtel Money account linked with the current phone number. If no account is found, a new account will automatically be created. Tap “OK” to continue. Whether or not you already have a Paytm or Airtel account, you will receive a text message from the service that contains an OTP. If you already have an account, the OTP will also be sent to the email address you have on file. The Uber app should now be open to a screen that says “Please enter the One Time Password (OTP).” Type the confirmation code into the blank, then tap “Verify.” After verifying your account, you will arrive at a screen that displays your current balance.  If you want to use the amount that is listed in the balance field, tap “Use” at the top right corner of the screen. To add funds, tap “Add Money.” You will have the option to connect a credit card, debit card, or bank account to your account. If you do not see a prompt to enter the code, it will show up before you book your first ride. Type your current address into the search box or drag the map around to position the pin on your precise location. Use the slider at the bottom of the map to select a type of...

TL;DR in Russian:

Запустите приложение Uber на своем мобильном телефоне. Запустите приложение Uber и нажмите «Зарегистрироваться». Нажмите «Добавить предоплаченный кошелек», затем выберите один из вариантов. Вам будет отправлено на телефон текстовое сообщение с одноразовым паролем. Введите в соответствующем поле код подтверждения, полученный в сообщении. Используйте имеющиеся на вашем счете средства или пополните счет. Введите код подтверждения, полученный в сообщении (от Uber, а не Paytm или Airtel), чтобы подтвердить свой аккаунт. Укажите место посадки. Выберите автомобиль. Нажмите на значок автомобиля на слайдере, чтобы просмотреть подробную информацию о поездке. Выясните, сколько будет стоить ваша поездка. Нажмите на «Место посадки», затем выберите место прибытия. Нажмите «Подтвердить», чтобы забронировать поездку.


Ubuntu (and several other distributions) locks the root account so that the average user can't access it. This is done because root access is rarely necessary when using the sudo command (see the previous section). Unlocking the root account will allow you to log in as root. If you're in the desktop environment, you can press Ctrl+Alt+T to start the terminal. sudo passwd root and press ↵ Enter. When prompted for a password, enter your user password. You'll be prompted to create a new password and enter it twice. Once a password has been set, the root account will be active. If you want to lock the root account, enter the following command to remove the password and lock root: sudo passwd -dl root

TL;DR in Russian:

Разблокируйте учетную запись суперпользователя (Ubuntu). Откройте терминал. Введите . Создайте новый пароль. Еще раз заблокируйте аккаунт суперпользователя.


Ubuntu is recommended by experts.  A “live” version allows you to boot into Linux without installing it. Put the disk into your CD Rom drive and restart the computer. When prompted to “press any key to boot from CD,” press any key. Depending on the version of Linux you’re using, you may be prompted to choose a version to use. Choose “Live” or “Try Linux” to access the Linux desktop. This will open the location bar. Make sure you type all 3 slashes (/). A list of hard drives will appear. Right-click on the hard drive that contains your Windows installation and select “Mount.” If there’s only one hard drive in the machine, it will be the drive that doesn’t say “System Reserved.” Now look at the top of the screen where you previously typed computer:///. Write down (or copy) the full path that now appears in that window. You’ll need it in a minute. You’ll be entering a series of commands into this terminal window, and they are all case sensitive. Type cd /path/to/windows/drive where “/path/to/windows/drive” is the full path that you previously wrote down or copied. Press ↵ Enter to continue. Do not type a slash, "/", in front of the word Windows. The directory names and path is case sensitive here. Type in sudo apt-get install chntpw and press ↵ Enter to install. Once you are returned to the command prompt, type sudo chntpw –u username SAM. Replace the word “username” with the account name of the Windows user whose password you want to erase, and remember that everything is case-sensitive. Press ↵ Enter to show a list of options. Press ↵ Enter, then y to confirm that you want to erase the password. Press the “power” icon at the top right of the screen to reboot the computer. Boot into Windows first removing the Linux CD. When the Windows login screen appears, you can now log in to the affected account without a password.

TL;DR in Russian:

Загрузите Linux с компакт-диска. Откройте рабочий стол Linux. Нажмите Ctrl+L. Введите computer:/// и нажмите ↵ Enter. Смонтируйте диск с Windows. Дважды щелкните по диску с Windows. Нажмите Ctrl+Alt+T, чтобы открыть терминал (командную строку). Введите адрес диска с Windows в терминале. Введите cd Windows/System32 и нажмите ↵ Enter. Установите и запустите утилиту «chntpw». Нажмите 1, чтобы удалить пароль пользователя. Загрузите Windows.


Ufology organizations have databases where they keep all the important statistics on UFO sightings. If you spot a UFO and report it, you're contributing to the community at large. You can also learn a lot by spending time reading through others' reports. There are several established organizations with chapters in every state. If you're interested in pursuing Ufology long-term, its worth joining up with a group. Here are a few options:  Mutual UFO Network UFOdb  National UFO Reporting Center

TL;DR in Russian:

Отметьте места ваших наблюдений на карте в базе данных. Найдите организацию уфологов, в которую вы можете вступить.


Ugli fruit are only available from December through April, and you might need to go to a specialty food store to find them.  The ugli fruit is actually another name for the Jamaican tangelo. It was discovered in Jamaica and became one of the country's exports starting in 1914. While the fruit is imported to the United States, its supply is fairly limited, so it can be somewhat expensive. On average, it costs two to three times more than a grapefruit costs. Check with stores in your area known for having a wider variety of international goods, including imported produce. Many standard grocery stores may not carry ugli fruit, and local farmers' markets will almost never offer them. You cannot tell how ripe an ugli fruit is based on its color. Instead, you should look for a fruit that feels heavy for its size and has a slight give when pressed at the blossom end with the tip of your thumb.  This fruit lives up to its name, and most agree that it looks ugly from the outside. The skin is yellow-green with occasional hints of orange, and thickest at the neck end. It looks a little like a mandarin orange, but it has larger pores and a knobby or lumpy appearance. Do not worry about surface scarring, uneven coloring, or loose skin. None of this says anything about the quality of the fruit. Most ugli fruits are fairly large, but smaller ugli fruits tend to have more flavor and more sweetness. The diameter ranges from 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm). If there are any soft spots or brown spots on the fruit, gently press them with your thumb. If your thumb goes through, the fruit is spoiled. The fruit should have a little give, especially at the blossom end, but it should not be mushy. You should eat ugli fruit within five days if kept at room temperature. If you refrigerate it, however, you can store it for up to two weeks.  The fruit does not need to be stored in a container of any type. Check the fruit daily to make sure that it is not going bad. Look for developing soft spots, and press into these soft spots with your...

TL;DR in Russian:

Знайте когда и где искать. Выберите фрукт, который кажется тяжелым для своего размера. Храните фрукт при комнатной температуре. Помойте фрукт прежде чем использовать его.


Ulcers are typically the most obvious symptoms of a number of oral problems including gingivostomatitis, caudal stomatitis, and chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis. Check the gums and cheek area for small to medium, round or oblong wounds that may or may not bleed and expose the tissue below. Ulcers can occur in a number of places within the mouth. Use the length of your finger to gently pull up on your cat’s cheek and check the gums, inner cheeks, tongue, and roof of the mouth. Be sure to check the edges of the tongue, and beneath the tongue as well. If you cannot tell for sure whether your cat has an oral ulcer, look for other symptoms including bad breath, swollen gums, excessive drooling, thick stringy saliva, loss of appetite, and difficulty eating. Look carefully around your cat’s mouth and monitor their eating habits to check for other mouth ulcer symptoms. Take regular, careful looks at your cat’s teeth and gum lines. Swelling around a tooth, inflammation of the gums, and bleeding at the gum line may all be indicators of an ulcer or a larger oral health problem. Ulcers can be symptoms of larger problems, such as feline calicivirus, an upper respiratory infection common in cats. If you notice mouth ulcers in your cat, take note of other calicivirus symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, inflammation around the eyes, and discharge around the eyes and nose.  If you notice symptoms of calicivirus, contact your vet immediately. Let them know what symptoms your cat is experiencing, and when they first started to appear. Your vet may request you bring your cat in for a visit, or may give you instructions for home treatment. Follow your vet’s instructions carefully.

TL;DR in Russian:

Найдите открытые ранки во рту. Проверьте наличие других симптомов, связанных с полостью рта. Остерегайтесь симптомов кошачьего калицивируса.


Ulcers vary from person to person, so it's hard to say what foods are good for ulcers and what foods are bad. For some people, spicy food may cause no problems, but olives or pastries may drive them crazy with pain. Try to eat a relatively bland diet while your ulcer heals, and identify the things that make it worse. Identifying the triggering factor helps prevent ulcers in the future, too.   Often, high-sugar foods, processed foods, fried foods, salted meats, alcohol, and coffee make ulcers worse. Increase your fluid intake. Try keeping a food journal and write down everything that you eat in a day, so that you can have a record of which foods cause a flare up of pain. Be judicious about what you cut out in the short term to heal up in the long term. A little discipline now will help your stomach heal quickly and let you get back to a less restricted diet and lifestyle. Some estimates show that the average person gets about 14 grams of fiber a day. Try to get upward of 28-35 grams of fiber a day to treat your digestive tract right. A high-fiber diet that contains a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables helps to reduce your chances of getting an ulcer, and helps existing ulcers heal. Try getting fiber from the following sources:  Apples Lentils, peas, and beans Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and other brassica Berries Avocados Bran flakes Flaxseeds Whole wheat pasta Barley and other whole grains Oatmeal Some research suggests that foods containing naturally occurring flavonoids can help to heal ulcers more quickly. Flavonoids occur naturally in many fruits and vegetables, making them good for you to consume on two levels. Good sources include:  Apples Celery Cranberries Blueberries Plums Spinach Teas and supplements containing licorice root can help to heal ulcers and keep them from coming back. It's important to distinguish between sugary licorice candy, which can make stomach troubles worse, and natural licorice root, which is used in supplements and teas. Only use the latter as an additional treatment for...

TL;DR in Russian:

Избегайте пищи, которая усиливает симптомы. Употребляйте больше пищевых волокон. Ешьте много продуктов, в состав которых входят флавоноиды. Попробуйте использовать корень солодки. Воздерживайтесь от острой пищи (горького перца и других острых специй). Не употребляйте цитрусовые, если они вызывают боль. Сократите потребление кофе и газированных напитков.


Ultimately, the key to courtship is to get to know your particular Leo--to calibrate your courtship to his or her specific needs and quirks. Astrology describes certain personality archetypes, but archetypes will only take you so far.  Take anything you read with a grain of salt. Astrology is no hard, fast science, and interpretations may vary widely depending on who happens to be writing a horoscope. Use horoscopes as a touch-point for your relationship with a person--not as the only resource. There are many other personality type indices that may give you insight into a lover's mind, including the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, and the Five Love Languages. Leos can be passionate, physical creatures, and the quickest way to build their desire is to flirt with their attention.  Catch your crush's eye from the room, and give him a quick, seductive smile. Look away, wait a while, and catch his eye again. Eye contact can signal that you are interested, and your Leo may take it as a wordless invitation to come strike up a conversation. Find excuses to touch your crush. Brush her arm when you're helping her with something; touch her shoulder, gently, when you get her attention; shake her hand warmly but firmly when the two of you meet. Build physical intimacy with your Leo, and her desire for you may grow. Don't overdo it. Subtlety is king, where flirting is concerned. Don't make anyone feel uncomfortable; if your crush doesn't return your advances, don't force it. Leos are known for being passionate, romantic lovers, and they may long to be swept up in a passionate romance.  Leos often appreciate romantic gestures. Do something sweet and considerate that you know your crush will appreciate. Buy her flowers; buy him tickets to see his favorite sports team. Something as simple as a handwritten note may show your crush that you care. Don't be afraid to be forward. If your Leo takes the lead, then let it happen and play along. If your Leo does not take the lead at first, he or she may be...

TL;DR in Russian:

Имейте в виду, что Львы бывают всех форм и размеров. Флиртуйте. Добивайтесь своего Льва. Старайтесь не отставать. Делайте комплименты. Заставьте своего Льва открыться. Поймите, что Львы по природе своей склонны к лидерству.


Ultimately, you need to have your logo digitized.  You can do this yourself or hire a professional to make it happen for you.  Learn a graphic design program.  The most used program is Adobe Illustrator but Inkscape is another offering, and it can be downloaded online for free. There are a number of instructional books and websites that can help you learn Illustrator.  Community colleges and some continuing education programs offer classes in this design program.  Hire a professional graphic artist.  If you already have a background in graphic arts, computer-assisted design or you're a quick study, then you may be able to do it yourself; otherwise, you're better off putting your work in the hands of a professional.  Visit designers' websites to see their portfolios.  You want to choose someone who has experience working with logo design. Ask about turnaround time.  Depending on what stage your design is in, you may go through another revision with an artist or he or she may simply reproduce your idea "as-is."  In any case, find out how long it will take from the time you give them your design until you see a finished product. Find out about costs.  Again, where you are in your design process will impact the cost of this service.  If you need someone to go back to square one with you in your design, that will be more expensive than if you are happy with the logo you've created and simply want to have it professionally computerized. Check online services.  There are a number of online graphic design services that allow you to pay a set fee and in return receive several logo designs from artists trying to win the job.  You choose the design you like best and work with that artist through the completion of the project. Once your logo is finished, it's important that you stay open to feedback on the design.  Use social media.  If your company has an established online presence, run your logo past those who are connected to you and listen to what they have to say. Try your logo out on your website first.  If the...

TL;DR in Russian:

Создайте окончательный набросок. Продолжайте слушать.


Ultrasound is the best test to diagnose and differentiate gallstones. It is a painless imaging technique in which sonic waves produce an image of the soft tissues in your abdomen. A trained technician can find gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct.  This test can detect gallstones in approximately 97% to 98% of individuals.  The ultrasound procedure consists of a harmless machine that recreates an image of your gallbladder by reflecting inaudible sound waves against your body. Your ultrasound technician will apply a gel to your abdomen that will help the sound waves to travel through your body and be detected more accurately. This painless procedure is usually completed within 15-30 minutes. You should not eat for 6 or more hours before the test. If your doctor wants still images of the area or the ultrasound did not produce a clear picture, a CT scan may be necessary. The CT scan will generate a cross-sectional image of your gallbladder by using special x-rays that will be interpreted by a computer.  You will be asked to lie down in a cylindrical, donut-shaped machine that will scan your body for approximately 30 minutes. The procedure is relatively quick and will not be painful. In some cases, the doctor may prefer to use a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine, rather than a CT scanner. This type of imaging involves a similar setup and will use changes in magnetic fluctuations to create an accurate image of your internal organs.  This procedure may last up to an hour, and will involve you lying down inside a cylindrical scanning device. There is no advantage of a CT over an ultrasound, except that a CT may distinguish a stone in the common bile duct, the small tube that carries bile from the gallbladder to the intestine. If you suspect you may have an abdominal infection, you can get a blood test called a complete blood count (CBC). The blood test can establish whether a larger infection in the gallbladder may require surgery. Blood tests can also reveal other complications caused by...

TL;DR in Russian:

Пройдите ультразвуковое исследование брюшной полости. Запишитесь на компьютерную томографию (КТ). Сдайте анализ крови. Пройдите ретроградную холангиопанкреатографию (РХПГ). Исключите вероятность желчных камней с помощью функциональных проб печени (ФПП).


Ultraviolet (UV) lamps designed for pools can neutralize most germs. They cannot keep a pool safe on their own. However, they will let you reduce the amount of free available chlorine (FAC) as low as 1ppm, or even lower under some regional laws. They can also break down some of the irritating or dangerous substances that show up in a chlorinated pool. Finally, although not normally used for this purpose, some types may break down existing high levels of chlorine. Local health codes may have different requirements. A "MP" UV lamp is a versatile option with the following benefits:  This is the only common lamp that will break down a significant amount of existing chlorine. Even then, you'll need a dose 10–20 times higher than the amount recommended for disinfection. This will probably require multiple lamps. This is the most effective lamp for breaking down chloramines, the substances usually responsible for stinging eyes, irritated skin, and "chlorine" smell. This lamp is fairly good at disinfecting, but not the best option. This type of lamp, often called a purifier, has excellent disinfecting ability, though you will still need to use (reduced) amounts of chlorine. This may make it an attractive option for public pools.  These lamps also tend to be cheaper and longer-lasting than MP lamps. Advertisements may claim these lamps remove chloramines. This is partially true, but in practice they may or may not reduce the obvious signs, such as stinging eyes. There are a few other kinds of UV lamps, although they are less common. Here's some information to help you figure out what each product does:  "Ultraviolet" actually includes a wide range of light with different effects. It is usually divided into UV-A (315–400nm), UV-B (280–315nm), and UV-C (100–280nm). You should be able to find either the light type or a range of wavelengths (such as 245nm) for any product. Only UV-C light helps disinfect pools. Only UV-A light (including UV light from the sun) breaks down significant amounts of chlorine. Even then, it...

TL;DR in Russian:

УФ дезинфекция. УФ лампы среднего давления. Подумайте об использовании УФ лампы низкого давления. Рассмотрите другие варианты. Проверьте бассейн после установки.


Ultraviolet B (UVB) therapy slows skin cell production, and may reduce the scale and dead skin buildup that is often associated with psoriasis. This therapy involves exposing affected skin to ultraviolet light for a brief period of time. The frequency of these treatments may depend on the condition of your skin or the type of UVB treatment. UVB therapy can be used to treat psoriasis that resists other forms of treatment.  Types of UVB therapy include broadband UVB therapy, narrow band UVB therapy, or limited daily exposure to natural sunlight (following your doctor's recommendations). Any type of UVB therapy may result in skin irritation or burns. Your doctor may recommend moisturizer or other topical treatments to reduce the severity of these side effects. For severe or hard-to-treat psoriasis, your doctor may recommend PUVA treatment, which combines a medication (psoralen) with exposure to UVA light. Psoralen helps UVA light penetrate deep into your skin in order to slow down the growth of new skin cells.  Psoralen may be administered as an oral medication (in pill or tablet form) or as a topical treatment. PUVA treatment may result in more severe side effects than UVB therapy, including nausea, headaches, and skin irritation. PUVA therapy may also increase your risk of developing skin cancer and cataracts. Sometimes phototherapy is combined with other forms of treatment. For example, your doctor may recommend combining UVB therapy with topical coal tar. The coal tar not only helps ease symptoms of psoriasis, but it can make your skin more receptive to UVB radiation.

TL;DR in Russian:

Попробуйте лечить псориаз ультрафиолетом. В случае серьезных повреждений кожи попробуйте пройти курс лечения ультрафиолетом спектра А в сочетании с псораленом. Попробуйте сочетать лечение ультрафиолетом с другими методами.


Ulzzangs don't have perfect features, but know how to dress well and utilize technology to make their pictures look as attractive as possible. Get a good quality cellphone with a camera and the right apps to make your pictures as sharp as possible.  PicLab HD only costs $1.99 and allows you to customize your filters and add type. It's a professional-looking way of taking ulzzang photos. HandyPhoto and Frametastic are also good cheap options offering similar features.     Facetune is a mobile photo-editing app that allows you to fix up blemishes and adjust coloring in your photos. Many ulzzang photos are heavily edited, so you might consider getting this if you don't have Photoshop.    Cultivating an online presence that includes lots of cute-looking self portraits is an important part of ulzzang culture. Snap pictures of yourself out doing fun things, or shake up a dull evening by getting dressed up and having a photo shoot. Use clothing catalogs and fashion magazines for inspiration. The social networking presence of the ulzzang looks like it was pulled straight from an Eddie Bauer catalog. Plan cute photo shoots with your partner when you're out on a date. Soompi, a K-Pop and South Korean culture site, has a regular Ulzzang contest featuring a prestigious package for the winners, including an audition and interview with major South Korean fashion magazines. Many more informal contests are also available on Facebook and other social networking sites. Many K-Pop stars got started by cultivating an online ulzzang presence and entering these kinds of contests. Give it a shot!

TL;DR in Russian:

Купите мобильный телефон с камерой. Делайте много снимков с собой. Участвуйте в «улззанг» фото соревнованиях.


Unbalanced bacteria in your digestive tract can lead to bad-smelling odors and gasses that make it into your breath. Probiotics, found at most supermarkets and pharmacies in the supplement section, help restore the balance of bacteria to your gut to improve your digestion, and your breath with it. These foods will cause bad breath no matter how much you brush your teeth. That's because, as they are digested, odor-causing chemicals seep into your bloodstream that are later breathed out through your lungs. If these foods are unavoidable then bring sugar-free gum or a small travel mouthwash and use it after eating. Many cases of chronic bad breath are cause by cigarettes or chewing tobacco, which stain teeth and damage your gums. This can lead to bacteria growth and bad breath. Beer, wine, and liquor can lead to bad breath 8-10 hours after you finish drinking. Alcohol dries out your mouth, and the sugar in most drinks feeds bad-smelling bacteria. This is especially helpful if you cannot get to a toothbrush quickly. After eating, swill around a few sips of cool water and spit it out to remove food particles that could lead to bad breath. Be sure to eat a full diet of natural fruits, vegetables, and grains. Foods and drinks with a lot of sugar, like sodas and candy, will contribute heavily to bad breath.  Low-carbohydrate diets (few breads, pastas, grains, etc.) will lead to bad breath as your body releases "ketones," a foul smelling chemical.  Fasting and extreme dieting can lead to bad breath which cannot be brushed away.

TL;DR in Russian:

Раз в день принимайте пробиотики. Исключите из своего рациона слишком острую пищу, чеснок и лук. Ограничьте потребление табака. Сократите потребление алкогольных напитков. Полощите рот после каждого приема пищи. Придерживайтесь сбалансированного и здорового рациона питания.


Uncertainty is the source of many fears. However, you can learn to tolerate uncertainty by gradually working it into your daily experience. This will increase your confidence and ability to handle uncertain situations, which will allow you to act with bravery.  “Intolerance of uncertainty” causes a lot of anxiety. You may find it hard to accept that something negative may happen in a situation. You may overestimate the risks of a situation or avoid acting because you are worried about the consequences. Keep a journal throughout the day, noting when you feel uncertain, anxious, or afraid. Write down in specific detail what you think is causing these feelings. Also note how you respond to them in the moment.  Rank your fears. Place the things you're afraid of or anxious about on a scale from 0-10. For example, “Going on a date with a stranger” might be an 8, while “going to a movie I've never seen before” might be a 2. Start slowly learning to manage your fear of uncertainty by practicing in low-risk settings. For example, pick one of the fears you've ranked lower, like “trying a new restaurant,” and practice it. You may end up hating the restaurant, and that's okay. The important thing is to prove to yourself that you can face uncertainty with bravery and come out stronger on the other side. Record your responses in your journal. Every time you face a fear, record what happened. What did you do? What did it feel like to do it? How did you respond to those feelings? How did it turn out? It's easy to feel afraid when you don't know what you need to do. Break down challenges and situations into smaller tasks that you can achieve.  Envisioning the possible roadblocks you may encounter can help you act courageously when you run into difficulty. Think about any obstacles you might face and create a plan of action to deal with them. Word your plans and goals in positive language. Research shows that you're more likely to achieve your goals when you frame them positively as something you're working toward, not what...

TL;DR in Russian:

Учитесь принимать неопределенность. Стройте  конкретные планы. Помогайте другим. Ведите себя храбро 20 секунд. Обдумайте свое решение. Не думайте — действуйте. Притворяйтесь, пока не поверите в себя.


Uncover the loaves and slit each loaf with a very sharp knife. (Artistic skills are helpful but not required). The usual pattern is a diagonal slicing about 1/2-inch deep and about 1 inch (2.5 cm) apart. More artistic types can create a “wheat sheaf” pattern.  A salty crust is something many eaters prefer. Two possible techniques are to paint the loaves with a mixture of 1 egg white, about 1 tablespoon of salt, and 1/4 cup or so of warm water; or spray the loaves lightly with some water and sprinkle on coarse salt. For a really salty crust combine both approaches (paint first, then sprinkle). When the oven is hot, put the loaves on a middle rack. Spray some water into the oven to make a moist baking environment. You want a moist environment to encourage the dough to rise without splitting the surface (the slitting with a knife predefines where it should split) and to develop the crust.  Another technique is to put a pan of water on a bottom rack for the first 10 minutes. If you have a gas oven, the moisture levels in the oven will be higher naturally than for an electric oven. A real baker’s oven is ideal but they cost something like $12,000. Another spray with the water will also help with moisture and temperature. Remove the bread from the oven when the internal temperature is 190 degrees. Much cooler than this, the bread will be “doughy;” much hotter and it will be dry. You can measure the temperature with a thermometer. When cool, the bread can be eaten immediately. Some purists insist on tearing off chunks but it is OK to cut slices since many people seemed to mangle the loaf in the tearing process. Top with butter/margarine (savory) or a fruit jam (sweet), if desired. De gustibus non testutantum est – Latin: “One cannot dispute taste.”

TL;DR in Russian:

Предварительно нагрейте духовку до 230⁰С. Сделайте надрезы на батоне. Поставьте батоны в духовку. Через 10 минут снизьте температуру до 175⁰С. Выпекайте хлеб 20 минут. Достаньте батоны из духовки и выложите их на решетку остывать.


Undeletable blank pages can occur in documents that end with tables. The table’s position requires Word to store the document’s formatting data in an empty paragraph just beneath the table. You can’t delete this paragraph, but you can reduce it to remove the blank page. Try this method if you’re using a Word template (e.g., resumes, charts, pamphlets), as these typically contain tables. If you don’t see the tab at the top of the screen, click somewhere in the text just above the blank page and it should appear. The table settings will appear in the top bar. ” Now you should see visible lines surrounding the text that comes just before the unwanted blank page. This will make a bunch of paragraph symbols (¶) appear on your page. Here’s how:  Windows: Ctrl+⇧ Shift+8  Mac: ⌘ Cmd+8 If you see more than one ¶, use your mouse to select them all. Now that the paragraph marker is selected, it’s time to change its font size. The box contains a number (e.g. 12), and is just beside the name of the font (e.g. Times New Roman). This will reduce the size of the hidden paragraph so it doesn’t require its own entire blank page. The blank page should disappear immediately. Now you can make those markers invisible again. Click the ¶ icon or use one of these keyboard shortcuts:  Windows: Ctrl+⇧ Shift+8  Mac: ⌘ Cmd+8

TL;DR in Russian:

Откройте документ в Word. Найдите раздел «Таблица». Откройте вкладку «Макет». Выберите «Отобразить сетку». Включите знаки абзаца. Нажмите на знак ¶, который находится сразу под таблицей. Откройте вкладку «Главная». Нажмите на ячейку «Размер шрифта». Выберите цифру 1, после чего нажмите ↵ Enter. Выключите знаки абзаца.


Under "Choose a configuration:", you'll see three options: Microsoft Windows, Non-Microsoft, and Custom. These options give you different choices for how to assign access to the programs on your computer. To choose your own rules, select Custom. In this menu, you'll see a list of commonly-used programs. To the right of each is a check box. Uncheck each box to restrict access to the corresponding program. Once a box is unchecked, the program will cease to appear in the Start menu and most other places where it previously would have appeared. However, this will not uninstall the program. In the Program Access menu, you can also choose which of the programs that you do have enabled will be your default. To do this, simply click the circular "bubble" to the left of the appropriate program. A default program is the program that Windows will automatically use for reading certain types of files. For instance, if you have Windows Media Player set as your default media player, if you double click a song or movie on your computer, it will launch in Windows Media Player. The "OK" button is at the bottom of the window next to the "Cancel" and "Help" buttons. Your changes will take place immediately. If at any point you want to make a program that you've disallowed accessible again, simply return to the Program Access menu and re-check its box. Click "OK" to re-save your changes.

TL;DR in Russian:

Нажмите на опцию "Другая". Для отключения программ уберите галочки возле "Сделать доступной эту программу". Нажмите на кружочки, чтобы поставить программы по умолчанию. Для сохранения изменений нажмите "OK". Чтобы возобновить доступ к программам, повторно отметьте их галочками.


Under "Storage" you will scroll down until you find the icon "Unmount SD Card."  Wait until your phone says it is safe to eject the SD card.  Slowly pull it out so you do not bend or damage the card. Look for missing gold prongs, and for chips or dents in the card.  If the SD card appears to be physically damaged, you may be required to replace the SD card.  These can be bought fairly cheaply at most technology stores. Before you put it back in, blow on it gently, or wipe it off with a soft cloth.  This will get rid of any dust particles potentially interfering with your card.  Do not continuously reinsert the card otherwise you could cause damage to both the card and the port. Plug your device into the wall charger for at least 15 minutes.  You can then turn on the device using the button at the bottom.  If for some reason your device isn't turning on, let it charge for a little while longer before you try again. Your device should read "Mount SD Card" when you go under the "Storage" setting.  If your device still reads "Unmount SD Card" there may be a problem of communication between the SD port and the phone itself.  This is most likely an internal problem which can only be fixed by taking your phone to your nearest technology professional. If the SD card works properly in another device, then your SD card slot may be faulty on the original device in which the card was tested.  If the SD card fails to mount to another device, you may be required to replace the SD card.  Make sure before you put your Sd card into another device, that that device is also fully charged.

TL;DR in Russian:

Извлеките SD-карту из слота для карт памяти вашего устройства. Осмотрите карту на предмет любых повреждений, которые могут препятствовать распознаванию карты устройством. Вытащите и еще раз вставьте карту памяти в слот для SD-карт. Зарядите батарею устройства и включите его. Попробуйте еще раз подключить SD-карту. Если SD-карта не подключается, протестируйте ее работу в другом устройстве.


Under certain circumstances, your doctor will prescribe blood thinning medications. These medications will prevent blood viscosity, platelet aggregation, and the formation of blood clots. Some of the most commonly prescribed medications include:  Aspirin Hydroxyurea Anagrelide Interferon alfa Busulfan Pipobroman Phosphorus – 32 In emergency circumstances, your doctor may advise a treatment known as plateletpheresis, which rapidly decreases the number of platelets in the blood.  During plateletpheresis, an intravenous line is inserted into one of your blood vessels to remove blood from your body. This blood is then passed through a machine that removes platelets from the blood. The platelet-free blood is then passed back into the body through a second intravenous line.

TL;DR in Russian:

Принимайте препараты, прописанные врачом. Пройдите процедуру, известную как тромбоцитоферез.


Under normal circumstances, eBay does not allow you to retract a bid on an auction. Placing a bid is considered a commitment to buy if you win the auction. There are a few cases where you may be able to get your bid retracted:  You entered the wrong amount (e.g. $100 instead of $10) due to a type-o. The item's description has undergone a significant change since you placed your bid. You are unable to contact the seller. You cannot retract a bid because you changed your mind. The amount of time left in the auction determines your eligibility for a bid retraction, provided you meet one of the reasons below:  More than 12 hours - You are allowed to retract your bid. All the bids you've placed will be removed. Less than 12 hours - You can only retract bids made within the last hour. Only your most recent bid will be removed. to open the bid retraction form.  You can use this form to request a bid cancellation. You can find this on the auction page. You must select one of the three options outlined in the first step of this section. Your retraction request will be reviewed by eBay, and you'll be informed as to whether or not it went through. You may still be able to retract your bid if you get in touch with the seller. This is up to the seller's discretion, and is not guaranteed.

TL;DR in Russian:

Выясните, есть ли у вас право отозвать ставку. Узнайте, сколько времени осталось до окончания аукциона. Нажмите здесь Введите номер товара на аукционе. Выберите причину отзыва ставки. Нажмите Retract bid (Отозвать ставку) и дождитесь решения. Свяжитесь с продавцом, если eBay отклонил ваш запрос на отмену ставки.


Under perfect conditions, watermelons will mature to full sweetness in about four months of warm weather. Harvesting them before they're ready will result in less flavorful watermelons.  To test the ripeness of a watermelon, thump it. A dull noise sounding back means that it has ripened. Also, check the underside––it is ready when it has turned from white to pale yellow. The curly tendril near the watermelon's stem should also be dried out when it's ready to harvest. Use a sharp knife or garden shears to cut the watermelons cleanly from the vine near the fruit. Freshly harvested watermelons will keep for about 10 days.

TL;DR in Russian:

Проверьте, что арбузы созрели. Отделите арбуз от лозы.


Under the Rules of Professional Responsibility, lawyers are not permitted to form a law firm with any non-lawyers acting as partners. A law firm can employ lawyers and professional staff (such as paralegals and secretaries), as long as the professional staff does not own any interest in the firm. The Rules of Professional Responsibility states that false or misleading names for law firms are prohibited. Your firm’s name should not imply that you have a connection with a government agency. Likewise, don’t imply a connection with a public or charitable legal services organization. For example, a law firm located in Denver could not be named “Denver Legal Clinic” because that name implies that the firm is actually a public legal aid agency. The name of a lawyer who holds a public office may not be used in a law firm name during any time that the lawyer is not actively practicing with the firm. For example, the law firm name “Obama & Associates” would be considered false and misleading during the years of 2008-2016 because President Obama did not practice at the firm during his presidential terms. Lawyers cannot state or imply that they practice in a partnership or other organization when they do not. For example, two lawyers, Clarence Smith and Stephanie Jones, may share office space, but they may not in fact have formed a law firm together. Therefore, they cannot use the name “Smith and Jones,” because that name suggests that they are practicing law together in a firm when they really are not. It is not considered false or misleading to use the names of retired or deceased partners. Just make sure that these individuals did in fact practice in the law firm. When registering the name of your law firm, check if your state has any further restrictions on business names. For example, in Texas, no business may register a name that is the same as another business’s registered name.

TL;DR in Russian:

Не берите в партнеры специалистов других направлений. Избегайте названий, подразумевающих связь с органами власти. Не используйте фамилий юристов, владеющих государственными юридическими фирмами. Не заявляйте о своих правах на партнерство, если у вас их нет. Можно использовать фамилии ушедших на пенсию или погибших партнеров по бизнесу. Узнайте об ограничениях по использованию фамилий в качестве названия фирмы в вашем регионе.


Under the Trackpad settings, make sure you are in the Point & Click tab. There are four options and a track speed slider included here.  The Macbook Pro's trackpad has two clicking options. Pressing down works like a button; your trackpad will click and feel as if you pressed a button. This is how you can click, but there is an option to simply tap lightly on the trackpad instead. If you want this option, look to see if it has been toggled (a blue check mark would be in the box next to it). The second option is called Secondary Click. This is similar to right-clicking. You can use the default option of just two fingers or a special option, which is offered in a drop-down box. The video on the right will show you how to use this option. The Look Up option is useful for when you need to define a certain word on a site. You hover over the word and tap three fingers at once to bring up the dictionary term. Three-finger drag is useful for quickly moving windows around on your screen while you are working. If you decide to use it, remember your cursor has to be on the window you want to move, and it must be a currently selected window. Tracking speed is how fast the cursor follows your movements. It's suggested to adjust the speed, as you feel necessary. Everyone is different—some like the cursor to be slower than their fingers, some like it to move faster than their fingers. Test a few speeds and adjust to how you feel.

TL;DR in Russian:

В окне настроек трекпада перейдите на вкладку «Point & Click» (Укажи и щелкни).


Under this system, you can install several different fixtures in the same system of pipes, attached at different places. Although this system complicates the layout of your plumbing system, it reduces the total amount of piping you need and can save a lot of space and effort. Consider asking a professional plumber to help you with this. Consider the size of piping you'll need for each segment, the distance between fixtures, and the plumbing demands of each fixture. Make sure your plans fit within building codes and regulations, which can be more complicated for wet venting than for dry. An example bathroom layout is as follows. The sink has a drain pipe 1.5" in diameter, which connects to a vertical vent pipe. The toilet has a 3" waste pipe which makes a T or a Y with the bottom of the vent pipe, such that the vent pipe goes upwards vertically from the horizontal waste pipe. Between the intersection with the sink's drain pipe and the toilet's waste pipe, the vent pipe is acting as the sink's drain and the toilet's vent, and so must be 2" in diameter. Above the intersection with the sink, the vent pipe simply acts as a vent for both fixtures and so can be smaller, 1.5" in diameter. For example, toilets should be installed downstream of all other fixtures, so that nothing else will vent through the waste pipe. A wet venting pipe can't be reduced in size -- the piping should never get smaller as other fixtures tap into it. And all fixtures should be no more than the maximum allowable distance from a vent, even if that means dry venting certain fixtures. See your local building codes for more detailed regulations, and double check that you accommodate all of them. Run your plans by a professional plumber or someone intimately familiar with these codes if you're unsure about any of the regulations.

TL;DR in Russian:

Поймите способ мокрой вентиляции, где один вентиляционный прибор является другим сливом. Спроектируйте местоположения и планировку вашего трубопровода. Согласуйте правила мокрой вентиляции.


Under your avatar on the right, select Settings from the gear menu. In the Settings window, choose the Accounts and Import link from the menu across the top. In the Accounts and Import window, in the second column, click on the Import mail and contacts link. In the resulting window, "Step 1: sign into your other email account," enter the email account associated with your Hotmail. In the next window, enter the password associated with your Hotmail account: Select the options you wish to include when importing from Hotmail into Gmail. You can choose to import only your email, your email and contacts, or add extra options, as shown. When you've selected the desired options, click Start import. It can take a while to import all your information, especially if you have a lot email and contacts. When it's finished, you're good to go! Note: this method works for other email providers. To see a full list of providers that Google can import, as wall as learning more about switching to Gmail, click here.

TL;DR in Russian:

Откройте Gmail. В настройках выберите "Аккаунты и Импорт". Выберите "Импорт почтового адреса и контактов". Введите адрес почты на Hotmail. Введите пароль на Hotmail. Выберите опции импорта. Будьте терпеливы.


Under-ripe fruit can become sour when dried. If they grow locally in your area, wait for the end of the season “canning specials” when you can get ripe fruit that you can use immediately, instead of keeping it around to eat raw. They will be ripe in late summer, or sometime between July and September, depending upon the year. If you are worried your apricots will become overripe before you have time to dry them, you can place them in the refrigerator for up to a week. Soak them for a few minutes in water to loosen dirt and then rinse them with running water. Discard any bruised apricots. You should cut them in half along the indentation, and then you can remove the pit. Push the outside center up, so that there is more flesh exposed to the air. You will dry them with the flesh facing up. If you have a large wire rack, place it above the rack to reduce drying times. Make sure they are spaced evenly apart. They will dry best at a warming temperature below 200 degrees (93 degrees Celsius). 175 degrees Fahrenheit (79 degrees Celsius) will work well for drying apricots. Place the cooking sheets with racks in the oven. Turn them at the halfway mark to ensure even drying. They should be slightly soft but leathery when they are done. The cooking time will vary depending upon the size of the apricots and the temperature at which you dry them. It will take less time to dry at 175 than 150 degrees.

TL;DR in Russian:

Покупайте фрукты спелыми. Желательно не пропустить распродажу в местном супермаркете. Чтобы абрикосы дозрели, можно поместить их за окно в пакете. Далее, абрикосы нужно хорошенько помыть и избавиться от испорченных. Для дальнейших действий нужно удалить косточку. Выверните фрукт наизнанку. Застелите противень пергаментной бумагой. Равномерно разложите половинки абрикосов на противне. Предварительно нагрейте духовку. Интервалы должны быть значительные между уровнями в духовке. Подождите 10-12 часов.


Undergoing surgery to lose weight is a drastic step to take and has the potential to be dangerous. Try every other available method of losing weight before even considering undergoing gastric bypass surgery. There are benefits and disadvantages to undergoing gastric bypass surgery, so it is important to know what benefits it provides as well as the drawbacks associated with the surgery.  The pros include:  You can lose weight very quickly  It provides weight loss solutions when other solutions don’t work  It limits your appetite when you are lacking self-control  It requires little to no physical effort    The cons are:  The surgery is dangerous, expensive, and may not be covered by your insurance  You can rupture your stomach if you eat too much  Your stomach can stretch out over time, meaning the surgery is not permanent  It does not solve the underlying issues of weight gain  It can lead to severe dietary deficiencies A medical professional may be able to help you lose weight without undergoing gastric bypass surgery. He or she may recommend alternative treatments, diets, therapies or workout programs that will help you avoid the complications and limitations of gastric bypass surgery. Also, some people who would be prime candidates for gastric bypass surgery are actually too large to undergo the procedure. This is an equally important reason to visit your doctor and discuss the realities of surgery as a solution to your weight problem. A doctor will tell you if you are an eligible candidate for gastric bypass surgery and should also inform you of the limitations you will face after the surgery. These limitations often include extremely limited ability to intake food, severe dietary restrictions on the types of food you can eat, and discomfort in the stomach during or after eating. Gastric bypass surgery is not to be taken lightly. It is an invasive medical procedure that will require you to take time off of work for recovery and will likely require the assistance of a friend or family member in the hours...

TL;DR in Russian:

Осознайте, что операция — это крайняя мера. Изучите аргументы за и против. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом. Решите, стоит ли похудение такой жертвы. Запланируйте и подготовьтесь к процедуре. Посещайте все плановые приемы и следуйте указаниям врача.


Underlining/highlighting passages is a great way to engage with the text and find your place if you need to refer back to the text at a later date. Annotating the margins with notes, questions, or observations is another great way to stay engaged, as it forces you to ask questions of the text and look for significant passages. Some things to look for as you read include:  definitions or relevant terms (especially those you're not familiar with) methods and results (for text books) cause-and-effect relationships references to earlier material, as this will probably be an important concept Another good learning tool to help you stay focused is to extract important material from the text and re-phrase it in your own words. This forces you to pay close attention and to actually process what you read, rather than passively skimming the text.  Reading actively requires you to extract and bring together related pieces of information from the text. By doing this, you may find that a passage from the middle or end of the book is directly related to an earlier section in ways you might have missed. As you read, try to paraphrase difficult passages in your own words. This has been shown to help students retain information. In addition to synthesizing material, you should force yourself to ask questions of the text. Then try to find the answer, which may come from reading onward or from quickly referring back to previous pages or chapters (in which case underlining/highlighting/annotating will come in handy).  Try to decipher what the author is trying to accomplish with each chapter you read. How does it stand alone, and how does it fit into the larger context of the book's intended goal(s)? How does each chapter you read build off of the previous chapters? Are they related, or do they seem disconnected? Was this a deliberate choice by the author? Ask yourself, "Can I learn anything from this text?" Surely the answer is yes; it's just a matter of figuring out what it is you can learn. Ask yourself questions about any...

TL;DR in Russian:

Делайте заметки на полях и выделяйте/подчеркивайте текст. Подведите итог и перескажите его своими словами. Заставляйте себя задавать развернутые вопросы и отвечать на них.


Underlying all the emotion, thoughts, and hopes about love is our basic biochemistry. We are hard-wired to love! Attraction is based in brain chemistry. A group of neurotransmitters called monoamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin) creates the feeling we experience as attraction.  Dopamine is one of your brain’s “feel-good” chemicals (it’s where the term “dope” comes from). It’s also involved in your brain’s motivation and reward systems. When you meet someone you’re attracted to, dopamine starts sending feel-good chemical “rewards” to your system.  Norepinephrine, sometimes known as noradrenaline (but not the same thing as adrenalin), delivers messages to your central nervous system. Norepinephrine is responsible for your ability to “block out” information that isn’t as interesting as the smart partner in front of you. Serotonin regulates a lot of functions in your body, including sexual behavior and body temperature. When you are very attracted to someone, serotonin decreases your body temperature, which makes your skin slightly more able to conduct electricity. This is the reason that love can literally make your skin tingle.  In fact, experts say that attraction stimulates the same chemicals in the brain that addiction does, such as dopamine and oxytocin. If a girl isn’t attracted to you, it’s nothing to do with you: it’s all down to the chemicals in each person’s brain. A researcher at Rutgers University suggests that it takes less than one second for the brain to decide whether it considers someone to be attractive or not. You may be able to overcome or cope with this split-second first impression, or you may not. If not, don’t take it personally: people are not able to manage spontaneous impulses and what is judged may not have anything to do negatively with you. For instance, some women are drawn to men which are high risk-takers, some are more attracted to those who seem more cautious. There is nothing wrong with being either.   Understanding how attraction works may seem to take some of...

TL;DR in Russian:

Поймите, как работает физическая привлекательность. Заботьтесь о своем здоровье. Ухаживайте за своей внешностью. Изучите основы языка жестов. Следите за языком жестов. Ищите знаки того, что вас считают привлекательным. Смотрите на ее улыбку. Подайте сигнал о вашей заинтересованности. Попробуйте сделать «гамбит». Попробуйте нежно прикоснуться к ней, если вы чувствуете, что она не против.


Understand that it is okay to make mistakes. You may feel guilty but it is important to accept yourself in spite of your weaknesses.  Forgive yourself and move on instead of dwelling on your issue. Focus on doing better now and in the future. When we make a mistake it is easy to get frustrated, overwhelmed, or give up altogether. If you are feeling overly emotional or stressed, take a break. It won't benefit you to try to fix your mistake if your emotions are heightened. Focus on ways of coping with negative emotions that may make you feel better. Think about ways you have coped with making mistakes in the past. Identify ways you have coped well and ways you coped that made you feel worse.  Some common coping strategies for dealing with mistakes include: positive self-talk (saying nice things about yourself), exercise, and relaxing activities such as reading or playing a game. Some unhelpful ways of coping with mistakes include engaging in self-destructive behaviors such as: using alcohol or other substances, harming the self physically, ruminating, and thinking negatively about the self.

TL;DR in Russian:

Не будьте слишком строги к себе. Держите под контролем свои эмоции. Справляйтесь.


Understand that no one thinks about you as much as you do. It's liberating when you realize that no one dwells on every little mistake you make. They're thinking about themselves and their mistakes. Keep this in mind, as it may help you to feel more comfortable. If you're trying to be more outgoing, the best way to ensure your success is if you go out and put yourself into different situations where you have the opportunity to interact with other people. Put yourself out there. Go to events or places where you are likely or ensured social interaction.  Join a weekly club. Look online or call your local community center. By spending time with people based upon a shared interest, you are more likely to have something to talk about. Pick a hobby, like martial arts or team sports. Physical, group activities don't require as much socialization as other activities, but they do require some. This can increase your socialization without going overboard. Don't feel you have to become a social butterfly right away. Relish in the little victories. Take little steps toward being social at first. As you get more comfortable, add greater social adventures.  Start with saying “hello” to a random stranger or telling someone you like their fashion. Decide ahead of time what you want to try, and practice a bit in the mirror or with a trusted friend, a family member, or a therapist. This will help you feel more at ease so when the opportunity does arise, you can feel more comfortable with reaching out. Work towards asking someone on a date or inviting them over for dinner. If you can't bring yourself to ask them in person, write him a note or send a text. It gets easier every time you do it, so you must persist. When you have fun at a party, on a date or out with friends, make an effort to do it again. This way you will reinforce that good feeling. If that still seems like a big step, think about an activity that will help you feel more comfortable with asking a person out, such as going out for coffee, or something fun like...

TL;DR in Russian:

Измените свою точку зрения. Находите ситуации, требующие социального взаимодействия. Ставьте сложные, но реальные цели. Старайтесь повторять успешные попытки. Находите причины говорить с людьми.


Understand that self-help alone may not be enough to overcome the desire to purge. Professional help, in combination with the other methods listed here, is the most beneficial way to overcome this condition. A professional can help you to create a plan tailored to your specific needs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective therapy modality for reducing purging behaviors. CBT is about changing your thoughts in order to change your feelings (anxiety, guilty, worry, depression) and behaviors (purging). . A therapist can help you understand that purging is not the solution to resolve weight problems nor the right coping mechanism to deal with issues such as anxiety, depression, frustration, anger, hopelessness and low self-esteem. Therapists are typically non-judgmental and safe individuals to confide in regarding your purging behaviors. You can look up a therapist that specializes in eating disorders online, or you can talk to a family member or trusted doctor who can help you to find someone that will fit your needs best. Your treatment does not necessarily need to consist of only one therapist. Many people who experience an eating disorder actually work with multiple professionals to help create a meal schedule and plan of action that works. These professionals can include: Physicians, counselors, psychiatrists, psychologists/therapists, and nutritionists (dietitians). There are different medications, including antidepressants, that have been shown to reduce symptoms of binging and purging. However, medication is typically not enough to treat purging behaviors. The best treatment is usually a combination of medication and therapy.  Consult with your medical doctor to get a referral to a psychiatrist in your area. Or, you can contact your insurance company or conduct an online search for low-cost mental health clinics in your area. While, medical doctors (MDs, general practitioners) can typically prescribe medications for mental health concerns, psychiatrists are specifically trained in mental...

TL;DR in Russian:

Исследуйте варианты помощи. Поговорите с психотерапевтом. Ищите помощи у разных специалистов. Подумайте о прохождении медикаментозного лечения.


Understand that to control your non-dominant hand, your brain will have to form new neural connections.  This is not a fast or easy process, so you will need to be prepared to put in many hours of practice if you plan on becoming ambidextrous. Developing these motor skills will probably give you a whole new appreciation of what babies’ lives are like. Begin printing the alphabet in both capital and lowercase letters, then move on to sentences. When printing becomes comfortable, you can start practicing your cursive.  If your writing is very messy in the beginning, start by tracing large text out of a book or magazine.  It may also help to buy children’s paper, which has widely spaced lines for large printing and dotted center lines to control the letter proportions. Another good thing to do is to observe the way left-handers write or just ask them for some tips. Write "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" or "Five boxing wizards jump quickly" over and over to improve left-hand neatness. These sentences are good because they use every single letter in the English alphabet.  You should also practice writing the most common words in your language and your name, as this will teach your muscles common letter combinations. Lists of the most common words in each language can be found on Wikipedia. Be prepared for the fact that your left arm and hand muscles will be quite sore after writing practice. This is because you are training certain muscles for the very first time. Drawing basic shapes will help to strengthen your left hand and give you more control over the pen or pencil.  Stick people, square houses with rectangular chimneys, round-headed cats with triangular ears…the goal here is to become more dexterous, not to produce a Rembrandt. Try coloring them in as well to make you feel more comfortable with your left hand. Also, try to draw straight lines from left to right using your left hand. It will teach you to push, not pull. For left-handers, it is easier to pull the pen to the left than to push it...

TL;DR in Russian:

Учтите, что  это сложный процесс. Не спешите. Практикуйте написание каждой буквы. Рисуйте простые формы. Используйте зеркальное письмо. Используйте гелевые ручки, так как при письме они требуют меньше усилий и давления на руку, делая процесс более удобным. Будьте реалистичны в своих ожиданиях.


Understand the vision of the business or project and keep it at the forefront at all times. Prioritize the success of the organization over personal interests in advancement.  Below are some steps to achieving goal alignment:  Set goals that reflect company values and objectives. Every company has a masthead statement reflecting what the company stands for and hopes to achieve through it's efforts.  Before assigning tasks, make sure you are familiar with these core objectives and ensure that employees are aware how their own efforts align with company values. Communication expectations to employees. It is often a good idea to put verbal directions in writing and check in with employees periodically to make sure they understand the task. Document progress.  This can often be automated through a database or tracker; however, it can also be done through email memos or a spreadsheet. Offer feedback on deliverables. There are various ways this can be accomplished.  Informally, you can communication through instant messaging; emails are good if you need to attach documentation for records or printing.  Finally, if the deliverable is a major project, feedback can come in the form of a quarterly review, where you meet directly with the employee to review performance. Training may be provided by you, other team members or an outside training consultant. Customize training to the specific needs of workers, focusing on goal alignment between employee objectives and the organizational bottom line.  It is also a good idea to talk to employees directly about what they would like training on, using this to help guide curriculum needs. . Meetings are important to team success.  They are a place to share in formation, collaborate, reach decisions, and align goals. Organize meetings at regular intervals-- every two weeks for a 6 week project, or every 3 months for a year-long initiative--to discuss project details and re-affirm organizational goals. Schedule meetings to accommodate availability and realistic limitations. For...

TL;DR in Russian:

Сконцентрируйтесь на целях организации. Организуйте обучение работников. Содействуйте организации встреч Скоординируйте график встреч. Подготавливайте для встреч повестку дня Контролируйте ход встреч. Действуйте решительно.


Understand there is no such thing as a “perfect” relationship. Every relationship has its stumbling blocks, but every relationship also has its unique, wonderful aspects as well. If you are comparing your relationship to someone else’s or to a relationship on a TV show or movie, then it is important to stop doing this.    All couples will argue. Not airing conflict is not healthy to a relationship, after all. Differences of opinion are to be expected between two people from time to time. All couples have something they do not like about their partner (whether they are willing to admit it or not!). Mature couples understand that, as long as their partner’s behavior is not a violation of their values, there will always be something unpleasant or annoying about their partner they have to accept. Keep lines of communication open with your partner to avoid surprises/trust issues on both sides. Be honest about your fears so that your significant other can help you work through them.  Be specific about problems that you need to address and how they make you feel. You could say, “Last night you asked me when we could get engaged. It made me feel very pressured.” This is better than, “You always pressure me about marriage!”  Show empathy to your significant other by actively listening to them and paraphrasing back what you hear. For example, if your partner says, “I don’t know if you’ll ever want to get married,” you could say, “You’re worried that I don’t want to marry you.” This will help you better understand where your partner is coming from.  Apologize if you’ve made a mistake or hurt their feelings. Take responsibility for your behavior causing their pain. For example, “I’m so sorry I didn’t call you last night. I realize now that I had you worried.” Remember that there is no weakness in apologizing. Apologizing demonstrates humility, warmth, and trust. If you need help better communicating as a couple, couples counseling may help you learn how to better communicate with each other. Look for a counselor who is...

TL;DR in Russian:

Имейте реалистичные ожидания и прекратите сравнивать. Общайтесь со своим партнером. Объясните свои страхи партнеру. Подумайте о своих личных целях на будущее. Вспомните, почему вы встречаетесь с любимым человеком.


Understand your stress levels and what stressors affect you the most. Try keeping a journal of these top stressors and how they make you feel. As you come to understand your triggers, you can better control your stress. Having your stress under control will allow you to focus on being a more patient person. Some of your common stressors might be:  Traffic Long lines Excessive phone calls Deadlines Most situations can be looked at in a positive and negative light. How patient you are in a given circumstance will depend on how positive or negative your outlook is. If you focus on the positive aspects of a situation, you’ll find yourself being much more patient. For example, if you view time spent sitting in traffic as time wasted, you will be frustrated and impatient. Instead, reframe the situation. Sure, you spent a long time in traffic, but it was a great opportunity to have a conversation with your significant other. With this subtle twist, the experience becomes a positive one and you will both be more patient. Being caught off guard is stressful, regardless of the situation. You can be more patient if you prepare yourself for difficult situations. One of the best ways to prepare for a situation is to visualize yourself dealing with it before it happens. Close your eyes and think about how the situation will play out, then how you want to react to it. Breathe deeply and tell yourself that you can do it. For example, if you get irritated when your significant other sleeps in on the weekend, visualize yourself doing something you enjoy in the morning. Include in the visualization how you will greet your significant other warmly when they wake up, maybe with a plate of pancakes ready or a bowl of fresh fruit prepared. Exercise and a healthy diet can keep your body healthy. This will make you feel better, raise your self-confidence, and help to balance your hormones and neurotransmitters (the chemicals that send messages throughout your brain and body). All of these things will make your hormones work for you...

TL;DR in Russian:

Осознавайте свой стресс. Оставайтесь позитивным. Имейте план для сложных ситуаций. Поддерживайте здоровье организма. Сосредоточьтесь на своем психическом здоровье.


Understanding glaucoma in detail can help patients adhere to a treatment plan. Glaucoma is a group of diseases which damage the optic nerve. Glaucoma can be caused by an increase in eye pressure, but it can also occur without an increase in eye pressure (known as low-tension or normal-tension glaucoma). The treatment of glaucoma is focused on reducing the pressure in the eyeball, called the intraocular pressure (IOP) or eye blood pressure. This should be done with medical supervision. In a normally functioning eye, a fluid called aqueous humor is produced in the posterior (rear) chamber of eye. It then travels to the anterior (front) chamber of eye by passing the pupil where it exchanges contents with the cornea and lens. It exits to the system where the recirculation will cycle through the eye again. There are two main types of glaucoma: open angle and closed angle. Both types of the disease are characterized by progressive optic nerve damage that is sometimes related to an increase in eye pressure inside the eye, called intraocular pressure. The two main types of glaucoma have completely different symptoms. The symptoms of open-angle glaucoma include tunnel vision, or the gradual loss of peripheral vision. The symptoms of acute closed-angle glaucoma include eye pain, nausea and vomiting, sudden loss of sight, blurred vision, light halos, and red eyes. Open-angle is the most common type of glaucoma, responsible for 90% of cases of glaucoma. In open-angle glaucoma, there is either a lack of cells in the trabecular network, the cells that are available are not functioning correctly, or the trabecular meshwork may be partially clogged, causing slower than normal drainage of aqueous humour. Without an exit for the fluid, the result is an accumulation of aqueous humour in eye, thus increasing the intraocular pressure. This results in a suffocating optic nerve. The complication of this is diminished vision ultimately leading to blindness if left untreated.  Some symptoms of open-angle glaucoma are slow or gradual...

TL;DR in Russian:

Узнайте о том, что такое глаукома и как ее лечат. Узнайте о различных видах глаукомы. Научитесь распознавать симптомы глаукомы. Узнайте больше об открытоугольной глаукоме. Узнайте больше о закрытоугольной глаукоме. Узнайте о факторах риска развития глаукомы.


Understanding the different parts of a wave will help you develop skills and learn tricks, because you'll know what to look out for. Here are the parts of a wave that you should know:   The lip. The breaking part of a wave that moves from top to bottom. The steepness of the wave determines the shape of the lip.  Whitewater. This is the part of the wave that has already broken.  The face. The unbroken, walling part of the wave.  The shoulder. The part of the wave that is just outside the breaking section of the wave's face.  Flats. The flat water you see in front of the breaking wave.  Tube. The hollow hole between the throwing lip and the wall of the wave. You'll need to know what the different parts of the board are so you can follow along and learn a number of skills and tricks. Here's what you'll need to know:   The deck. The part of the board where you lie down.  Slick bottom. The bottom of the board that has a smooth or slick surface.  The nose. The front of the board that you hold.  The nose bulbs. These are the small bumps on each corner of the board that you will hold with your hands.  The bumpers. The extra foam layer that runs through the nose and tail, helping to keep the slick bottom from peeling.  The rail. The side of the bodyboard.  The tail. The back end of the board.  The channels. The areas on the bottom of the board that reduce drag and speed you up.  The stringer. The rod that keeps the board stiff.  The template. The shape of the board.  The rocker. The level of flatness of the bodyboard. Stalling is an important skill for any bodyboarder to have. You can use stalling to brake in a number situations, such as when you need to slow down the tubing section of a wave. Here are the two ways to do it:  Drag your legs in the water to slow you down, or move your hips more to the inside rail of the board. Pull up on the nose of the board while applying downward pressure on the tail with your hips. Hold the board at a downward angle of about 30-45° until you reach the speed you want. When you...

TL;DR in Russian:

Изучите волновую терминологию. Изучите названия частей доски. Научитесь тормозить.


Understanding the meanings of each word can help in defining the purpose of these similar, yet different documents.  "CV" stands for curriculum vitae and is a Latin phrase meaning “course of life”. As the definition implies, it is a detailed account of your entire professional life thus far and will include as much information as possible, to give a full understanding of what you have accomplished. The word “resume” has French origins and means “to sum up”. As with any summary, a resume is a shorter, more concise description of your professional career as it relates to the job you are applying for. Resumes are meant to be briefly looked over to get a general understanding of your capability. Make yourself stand out by showing them everything they would want to read and eliminating information they will not care about. Knowing when to use a true CV versus a resume can be tough because many people use these terms synonymously. However, with a little information, you can decide which type of document to submit for the job you want to apply to:   CV - Use a CV when it is either directly requested by the employer, when you are applying to a position in a country that uses CVs (throughout Europe, Asia, Africa and Middle East) or when you are applying in the US and Canada for jobs in the scientific, research, academia or medical fields.  Resume - Use a resume when you are applying for jobs in the US and Canada (other than fields listed above requiring CVs) and other countries that choose to accept a resume over a CV. You can research the job application requirements for each country before submitting your application. CVs are more detailed than resumes. In accordance with the definition of a CV, more detail is required to inform employers of your entire history. On the other hand, a resume is a summary. While it still must provide details about your experience and education, it must be written in a concise manner with only the most relevant information presented.  For a CV, details in a CV can include exact names of...

TL;DR in Russian:

Ознакомьтесь с определением и целью написания автобиографии и резюме. Следует знать, когда использовать автобиографию, а когда резюме. Следует понять, что автобиографии и резюме имеют разные степени детализации. Следует знать, что резюме и автобиографии обычно бывают разной длины. Помните, что стиль написания будет отличаться. Автобиографии должны быть детальными, а резюме – содержать только нужную информацию.


Understanding the mechanism behind sinusitis can help you gain a better appreciation of how to treat its symptoms. You may also be able to keep your toddler from contracting it.  Acute sinusitis is typically caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection that causes the sinuses to swell up, leaving mucus trapped and increasing pressure in the sinuses.  Chronic sinusitis may be caused either by a severe infection or by structural abnormalities in the sinuses such as polyps or bone spurs, or abnormalities of the cilia that keep them from ushering mucus out of the sinuses.  Allergic rhinitis is another risk factor for chronic or recurring sinus infections. Reduce your child’s risk of contracting sinusitis by educating yourself about the risk factors. You can take control of your child’s environment to help decrease her likelihood of suffering from a sinus infection.  If your child is immunosuppressed, she is more likely to contract an infection. To support a healthy immune system, give your toddler a nutritious diet and plenty of rest.  Teach your toddler how to reduce risk of illness by following a proper hygiene at daycare or school. For example, ask for your toddler to wash her hands before eating a snack and after using the restroom.  Keep your child’s respiratory tract healthy by keeping her away of smoky environments.  Never take your toddler to school or daycare when she is sick in order to prevent the spread of illness. Armed with an understanding of what causes sinusitis, you can take steps to prevent it. Making small changes can improve your child’s health.  When the air is dry in your home, especially if you are running the heater, use a humidifier to help your child breathe easy.  Take care of your child’s cold and flu symptoms early before the illness turns into a sinus infection. This can include preventative measures such as getting a flu shot and other routine childhood immunizations.  Make sure that your child washes his hands thoroughly and often, especially when playing with other children,...

TL;DR in Russian:

Узнайте о том, что вызывает синусит у маленьких детей. Узнайте о факторах риска синусита. Научитесь предотвращать синусит.


Understanding the name and function of each part is essential in maintaining control over your gun at all times. This helps you aim with precision and tells you which side to hold the gun on (if applicable).  Extend both arms in front of you. Make a small circle with the index fingers and thumbs of both hands. Looking through the circle, focus on a distant object. Draw the circle back towards you, still focusing on the object. The eye in line with the circle is the dominant eye. If you are shooting an air rifle, the gun should rest on the same side as your dominant eye. Breathing - or, rather, not breathing - is an important element in aiming your gun. The movement of the body as it breathes makes it difficult to get a good sight picture, much less shoot straight.  Breath and relax the body before aiming. Take a deep breath and exhale halfway. Hold your breath halfway exhaled as you aim and squeeze the trigger, then exhale. You can practice this technique without your gun to get used to it.

TL;DR in Russian:

Узнайте, как устроено пневматическое оружие. Определите, какой глаз у вас является ведущим (доминирующим). Научитесь правильной технике дыхания.


Understanding the problem is the first step in moving forward. Don’t feel bad about having a crush; crushes are something that everyone experiences at some point of view and the human brain is actually biologically programmed to fall in love. Getting over a relationship is hard, even if that relationship never fully materialized. Give yourself some time to mope around and feel badly, then pick yourself up and move forward. Make sure you're not upset for too long. While feeling sad, also take steps to comfort yourself. Try taking a hot shower, listening to one of your favorite playlists and speaking nicely to yourself. Knowing that this relationship will never progress is an important step in moving past it. Remind yourself again and again that what you’re doing is necessary for your own personal happiness and growth.  Remember that you will have other crushes. In many people's minds, having a crush on your teacher veers towards the inappropriate sector, no matter how you feel. It is against the law to be with someone over 18 if you are under 18. There will be others who you will prefer in the future, and others who you have a real chance with. Focus ahead, without dwelling too much on this dynamic with your teacher.

TL;DR in Russian:

Признайте, что влюблены в человека. Позвольте себе погрустить. Примите решение двигаться дальше.


Understanding the reasons that contribute to your feeling left out may help you develop goals in order to reduce these negative thoughts and feelings. Analyze the factors that might contribute to your being left out.   Some individuals who have mental health diagnoses may be more sensitive to and unfortunately more likely to experience social rejection. Ask yourself if a mental health concern might contribute your feelings of being left-out. Those with medical conditions may also be more likely to be social rejected due to social stigma and the belief that some medical issues such as obesity and type II Diabetes are preventable. Is it possible that a medical issue is a factor? Research suggest that people may be more sensitive and angry when socially rejected by members of different races or ethnic backgrounds. Identify if you are reacting to a social rejection more strongly because the other person is a different race than you. Gender and age may also play a role in the perception of being left out; for example, females, especially adolescent females, may be more sensitive to social rejection. People who are more socially anxious may also be particularly fearful about people thinking negatively about them or excluding them. Does your anxiety about social situations contribute to your being left out? There are two types of social rejection, the first type is covert, such as when a friend does not invite you to a party. The second type is when you are explicitly rejected, such as that same friend telling you that you are not invited to the party. Think about the reasons for your feeling of being left out. For example, perhaps you feel left out because your group of friends went out together and they didn’t invite you. Think about other ways of looking at the situation; is it possible that your friend wanted to invite you but forgot? Make sure you know the facts before you conclude that you are being left out on purpose. Understanding how being left out and feeling rejected affects you both mentally and...

TL;DR in Russian:

Определите возможные причины неприятия вас обществом. Подумайте об ощущении отверженности. Знайте о негативных последствиях ощущения ненужности.


Understanding what you are working toward will help you build a budget to meet your needs. Do you want to pay down debt? Are you saving for a major purchase? Are you just looking to be more financially stable? Identify your top priorities so that you can build your budget to fit them. A smart budget is one that doesn’t overextend your means. Start by calculating your total monthly income. Include not just the money you get from work but any cash you get from things like side-hustles, alimony, or child support. If you share expenses with your partner, calculate your combined income to figure out a household budget. You should aim to have your overall monthly spending not exceed what you bring in. Emergencies and unforeseen occasions happen, but try to set a goal of not using your credit card to cover non-necessary items when your bank balances are low. Your first priority in building a better budget should be those things that need to be paid every month. Paying these expenses should be your first priority, as these items are not only necessary for daily activities but could also damage your credit if you fail to pay them in full and on time.  Such expenses may include your mortgage or rent, utilities, car payments, and credit card payments, as well as things like your groceries, gas, and insurance. Set up your bills on autopay to make them easy to prioritize. This way the money comes out of your account on the day the bill is due. Set up autopay only if you're sure you'll have enough money each month to pay those bills in full. Budgets work best when they reflect your daily life. Take a look at your regular, non-essential expenses, and build them into your budget so that you can anticipate your spending. If you get a coffee every morning on the way to work, for example, throw that into your budget. Creating a budget will help you identify things you can cut from your regular expenses and roll into your savings or debt payments. Investing in a good coffee pot and a mug, for example, can help you save on your...

TL;DR in Russian:

Установите финансовые цели. Проанализируйте свой общий ежемесячный доход. Подсчитайте необходимые расходы. Управляйте мелкими расходами. Подумайте, какие расходы можно сократить. Отслеживайте ежемесячные расходы. Включите сбережения в свой бюджет.


Understanding who you are and why you do the things that you do is not always easy. Much of what drives behavior and self-perception is the result of subconscious attitudes and beliefs. It’s important to dig deep in order to figure out how you truly see yourself on a subconscious level. Here are a few questions you may want to ask yourself:  As a child, did I feel listened to or was I harshly criticized? Was I spoken to respectfully or was I ignored, criticized, or teased? Did I get appropriate attention and affection or was I neglected? Was I physically, verbally, or sexually abused? Were my accomplishments recognized? Were my shortcomings and failures accepted or was I berated? Was I always expected to be perfect? Keep a journal with you for an entire day. Whenever you feel a shift in your mood, write down what you are feeling.  This is the first step in identifying what your inner voice is communicating to you.  The inner voice is not actually a voice that you hear with your ears. Instead, it is the collection of thoughts that you experience. These thoughts are often so deeply embedded in the subconscious that you may not even recognize them when they occur. Instead you’ll probably just experience a change in mood. Your inner voice is either affirming or self-defeating. People with healthy self-esteem usually experience an accepting and reassuring inner voice. However, people with low self-esteem generally experience a harsh, punitive, and critical inner voice. Journaling can be tough for some people, especially if you write about past traumas that you have not fully processed. If you find that journaling is upsetting you or causing you difficulty handling everyday life for the day or week after attempting to journal, talk with a counselor who can help you journal productively while keeping you healthy. The thoughts that you were experiencing immediately before your mood shifted is a good reflection of your inner voice. They are called automatic thoughts and generally reflect how you see yourself, others,...

TL;DR in Russian:

Вспомните свое детство. Наблюдайте за своим настроением. Записывайте то, о чем вы думаете. Проанализируйте закономерности в своих мыслях. Подумайте, является ли ваша самооценка здоровой.


Understanding why the book was written may help you with comprehension as you read. Go online to look up major events that were occurring in the world when your book was written. Write them down to create a reference sheet for later.  It may also be important for you to think about who wrote the book. Maybe you’re reading a novel written by someone who was put in prison because they had opinions their government thought were dangerous. Think about what could be dangerous about the book you’re reading. This goes for textbooks, too! A history textbook written in 1950 might be really concerned with the Cold War, for example. You can also read articles about the time period or situation the book focuses on to help improve your understanding. For instance, consider reading about the hardships women in the early 20th century faced if you’re reading a realistic fiction novel about a female character in the U.S. during the 1920s. Pay attention to key lessons, depending on the overall point of the book. A romantic novel teaches readers about love and relationships, and that’s what you should be looking out for when reading. A science textbook, on the other hand, is meant to teach you about a particular subject, usually using key terms, examples, and the occasional anecdote. Even if you’re not reading the book for a class assignment, consider writing something down about the book once you’ve finished it. Briefly summarize the book, or use a longer piece to make your own argument about the significance and quality of the book.

TL;DR in Russian:

Найдите информацию о времени написания книги. Учитывайте цель книги. Напишите краткий пересказ или анализ книги.


Understanding your personality, even on a basic level, can help you understand how you think and how you understand others. For example, knowing that you are more of an open, playful type will help you understand that your colleague isn’t mean; he is just more of a powerful personality type.   Make a list of adjectives that you feel best describe you. What are some words a person might use to describe you? Examine which of the Big Five most seems like you. Do the same with the Four P’s. Use your list to guide you. Sometimes it is hard to understand people because of beliefs and ideas that you have that might not be accurate. Taking a look at your own biases and prejudices can help you to understand people by allowing you to recognize when you might be making assumptions rather than look at facts.  Stereotyping is when you assume that all people of a group act the same. Prejudice is judging a person before you actually know anything about her. Stereotyping and prejudice prevent you from understanding the individual and the group. Treat everyone as an individual, with her own habits, likes, dislikes, and opinions. When you find yourself explaining someone’s behavior based on your stereotypes or prejudices, stop yourself. For example, instead of thinking, he likes country music because he’s from the South, try thinking, “I’ve heard that country music is hot in the South. I wonder what type of music he likes?” In some cases, no matter how well you listen or try to empathize, you just can’t understand someone. Sometimes people do things that simply cannot be explained or understood no matter how you look at it. Don’t stress over it, just accept that you can’t understand it.  For example, you may have tried to understand why your co-worker clips her toenails at her desk. If you can’t come up with reasonable explanations and the person doesn’t give one, then just accept that you don’t understand.

TL;DR in Russian:

Исследуйте грани своей личности. Исследуйте свои наклонности. Не понимать — это нормально.