Narcissistic personality disorder involves a long-term and enduring behavior patterns. This condition must be diagnosed and treated by a qualified mental health professional such as a psychologist or psychiatrist. Unfortunately, an overwhelming majority of narcissists never seek treatment. Without treatment, it is unlikely that the narcissist will get better.  Your spouse may only see a professional when the consequences of their behavior significantly interferes with their ability to function at work, at home, or socially. You might try talking to your spouse about getting help, but expect resistance. If you are going to try to make your marriage work with a narcissist, then you will need to build an emotional wall around yourself. Because the narcissist’s behavior is purely self-driven, it’s important to recognize it as a part of the disorder and not take it personally. This will undoubtedly be difficult to do, but it is necessary if you want your marriage to work. When your spouse says or does something particularly offensive or exploitative, try reciting a mantra to yourself like “What he/she does is a reflection of him/her, not of me.” Narcissists are a classic example of being takers rather than givers. Your spouse requires a great deal of admiration and/or affection, but they are unlikely to provide the same to you unless it serves them in some way. Expect for the relationship to be out of balance. Instead, use your friendships and relationships with family members for emotional support. Your narcissistic spouse likely responds well when you pump up their ego, so try this tactic when making demands on them. That way, you are able to keep your spouse satisfied and see to it that your own needs are met also. For instance, if you need your husband to complete a home-improvement project, you might say, “Darling, I know you are super busy, but your amazing carpentry skills are needed in the garage. The new shelves need to be hung, and I know no one will do as great a job as you can.” Positive reinforcement...

TL;DR in Russian:

Знайте — бо́льшая часть нарциссов никогда не лечатся. Прекратите воспринимать его поведение на свой счет. Не ждите от супруга удовлетворения ваших эмоциональных потребностей. Используйте лесть, прежде чем о чем-либо попросить. Хвалите положительные поступки.


Nasal irrigation with salt water can help in clearing the mucus and keeping your sinuses moist. There are different ways of doing this, ranging from bulb syringes and Neti Pots to pricey irrigation systems. Regardless of your preferred method, it is necessary to wash the irrigation device after each use and leave it open to air dry. You can flush your sinuses daily and you may do it twice a day when you have an active infection.  To use a Neti Pot:  Dissolve 1 teaspoon (4.9 mL) of sea salt or pickling salt (dissolves faster) in 2 cups of warm water. The salt will help dissolve the mucus that is blocking the communicating path between the sinus and the nasal cavity. Don’t add any more salt than this or it may cause a burning sensation. Standing over a sink, fill the Neti Pot with one cup of water and place the tip of the spout into one nostril. Tilt your head to the side and allow the water to run out through the opposite nostril. Be careful not to tilt your head back and up or the water will reroute down your throat. Refill the Neti Pot and repeat with the other nostril. Repeat 2 times each day. However, remember not to use this remedy for more than 2 weeks, as you can damage your nasal mucosa. Some people find that inhaling steam can be very soothing in the management of acute sinusitis. One way to use steam treatment is to fill a bowl with steamy hot water. Then lean over the bowl in a comfortable position and drape a towel over the bowl and your head to keep the steam in. Relax and breathe in the steam for about ten minutes at a time. You can repeat this several times a day. Be careful not to scald your face by touching the water.  You can even run the shower and sit in the bathroom and breathe deeply. The steam vapors will help in reducing the congestion and swelling of the nasal passages. Place a warm, wet towel on your face to help in relieving some of the heaviness from your sinuses. If the area is heated, blood flow will increase, and the fluid inside the sinus cavity can be more easily drained. ...

TL;DR in Russian:

Промывайте пазухи носа. Делайте паровые ингаляции. Прогревайте нос. Применяйте свежую или сушеную душицу (орегано). Попробуйте воспользоваться эвкалиптом. Принимайте экстракт косточек грейпфрута. Употребляйте больше чабреца (тимьяна). Добавляйте больше куркумы в блюда. Ешьте больше хрена. Избегайте курения, алкоголя и источников стресса.


Nasal washes are good for relieving nasal symptoms if you have chronic nasal issues or sinus problems. Washing the inside of your nose with a salt solution will reduce swelling, improve airflow, and open up your sinus passages. It will also remove mucus from your nose and help to relieve any stuffiness or congestion. Look for nasal wash kits at your local pharmacy or make your own salt solution using household products.  To make your own saline solution, combine 1 quart distilled water, 1 teaspoon Kosher salt and ½ teaspoon baking soda in a clean glass jar. Stir the solution and store at room temperature. Replace the solution after a week with fresh water, salt, and baking soda. Do not use tap water. If you don't have distilled water you can sterilize tap water by boiling it for at least one minute, then allowing it to cool back down to room temperature. This will kill harmful contaminates. In order to rinse your nose effectively with the salt solution, you will need a bulb syringe or a neti pot, which is a tea pot with a long spout made for your nose. You can find bulb syringes and neti pots at your local drugstore or pharmacy. Wash your hands well before you do a nasal rinse to prevent the spread of bacteria and germs. Then, fill the bulb syringe or neti pot with the saline solution. When you are using the nasal wash, you will need to stand over an area that can collect any water or mucus that drips from your nose or from the bulb syringe.  Place the bulb syringe in your left nostril and gently squirt the mixture into your left nostril. Aim the stream toward the back of your head, not the top of your head. Do not inhale through your nose as you squirt. The bulb syringe should be able to get the solution into your nose without any inhalation on your part. If you are using a neti pot, place the spout in your left nostril and tip the pot up so the solution enters your nose. If the solution does not flow out of the neti pot, lift the pot so it is positioned a bit higher than your head but do not turn your head...

TL;DR in Russian:

Приобретите набор с раствором для промывания носа или приготовьте раствор самостоятельно. Используйте шприц с грушей или нети пот. Встаньте над раковиной или ванной. Наклоните голову вперед, подбородком к груди. Повторяйте процедуру несколько раз для каждой ноздри, пока у вас не закончится раствор. Используйте раствор для промывания носа один раз в день, утром или вечером.


National clubs have chapters all over the country and are generally the largest clubs, meaning that they can provide the most number of services.  Good Sam Club - This club gives you discounts at roughly 1600 different RV campsites in the US, as well as discounts at Camping World and a subscriptions to Highways Magazine. It is one of the largest RV clubs. Escapees RV Club - This club has excellent mail forwarding services for those who just want to get away, permanently. They have local chapters and a discount pharmacy drug program, as well as classes that teach you have to RV with the utmost efficiency. Passport America - This camping and RVing club offers 50% discounts on over 1800 campgrounds. It is one of the largest clubs and offers many convenient services. Boondockers Welcome - This club for RVers facilitates invitations between members to camp for free on each other's private property. National Parks Conservation Association – Member donations help to preserve our national parks for future generations. Members receive National Parks magazine, the Park Pak information kit, invitations to NPCA tours, discounts, and more. The National African-American RVers Association – The NAARVA is a a nationwide camping club dedicated to providing family support for RVers. TrekAmerica – Adventure travel programs for all ages, including camping tours, walking tours, and lodging tours. Each state has one, if not many, regional RV clubs. You can go online to do an internet search to find RV clubs listed in your area or the area that you are planning on traveling to. An example of a regional RV club is Mavericks RV club that is dedicated to serving RVers in the Central and Northern California regions (generally from Bakersfield to Sacramento.) The Mavericks generally hold three to four events per year. Specialty RV clubs are clubs that were created to gather like-minded people and RV around the country. These specialty clubs range from clubs based on favorite hobbies to sexual orientation. You can perform an internet...

TL;DR in Russian:

Узнайте о национальных клубах. Узнайте о региональных RV клубах. Узнайте о специальных клубах.


Natural childbirth is not always an option. Certain health conditions, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, may make a natural birth more difficult or risky for you. If you have a high-risk pregnancy, consult a medical professional about your ability to have a natural birth. In some cases, you may be able to give birth naturally as long as you are monitored for complications. Arming yourself with the positive reasons for having a natural birth can help keep you motivated throughout the birth process. Some of the reasons that you may want to consider a natural childbirth include:  A natural birth can save both you and your baby from the stress and unpleasant side effects of medication, surgery, and physical intervention. Many women who are guided through a natural birth also report less pain, anxiety, confusion, and stress than women undergoing births with medical intervention. Natural birth can provide a more personal experience that focuses on the overall well-being of mother and baby. Because you will be fully aware during the birth, you may remember it better and be able to enjoy it more. Having a natural birth reduces the chances that you will need a Cesarean section. Women who have natural births also tend to recover faster. Although natural births have long been the norm, natural birth may put you at an elevated risk for complications.  Natural birth may pose some danger to you if you have other health conditions if you are not attended by a health professional if you are not in proximity to a medical facility in case of emergency and if the baby presents in a challenging position. Remember that it's okay if you end up deviating from your plan and do not achieve natural childbirth. There is no shame in this, and it is not a failure. The most important thing is doing what is best for you and your baby, and at times this may mean not doing natural birth. Even with careful planning and the best prenatal care, situations may arise during childbirth that require medical interventions. Some reasons...

TL;DR in Russian:

Выясните, подойдут ли вам естественные роды. Оцените все преимущества естественных родов. Помните о рисках естественных родов. Помните, что в некоторых ситуациях медицинское вмешательство необходимо.


Natural hair has unique characteristics that you should know about in order to take good care of your hair.  People of African descent usually have curved hair follicles that produce very tightly curled hair, which can keep sebum (a natural moisturizer produced by your skin) from saturating all the way down the hair shaft. This can result in dry, fragile hair that is prone to frizz and breakage. Natural hair is prone to knotting when combed. Knotting also contributes to breakage, so some professionals recommend avoiding combing altogether for this reason. Never comb natural hair when it's dry. Natural hair often has a slower growth rate than other hair types. In addition, the highly curved hair shaft means that hair shrinks up as it dries; those with very kinky or curly hair may see up to 75% shrinkage! Natural hair comes in many varieties. While many care basics remain the same regardless of hair type, understanding your hair type may help you pinpoint what care and styling routines will produce the results you want.  According to a very widely-used hair typing system by celebrity stylist Andre Walker, there are 4 basic types of hair: straight (1), wavy (2), curly (3), and kinky (4). Within these categories there are multiple subcategories, depending on your hair’s characteristics. For example, Type 4 hair is generally split into three subcategories: 4A (spiral curls), 4B (kinky curls), and 4C (coiled curls).  Many haircare websites and products refer to hair types using codes based on Walker’s system, such as “3A” or “4B”. The numbers refer to the hair type, while the letters refer to the hair texture. Natural hair tends to be type 3 (curly) or type 4 (kinky). Understanding your hair type can help you understand your hair’s care and styling needs.  Type 3 hair (curly) has springy, defined curls with a lot of volume and body. The curls are often shaped like coils, loops, or corkscrews. It can be fragile or fine, and needs moisturizing conditioners and treatments. Type 4 hair (kinky) has very tight curls with...

TL;DR in Russian:

Поймите характеристики натуральных волос. Узнайте, какой у вас тип волос. Определите, что необходимо вашим волосам.


Natural hair is prone to tangling and knotting, and washing your hair while it’s tangled could damage it. Using moisturizers and a detangling comb will help remove knots, tangles, and shed hairs.  Combine one part oil (coconut or olive) with three parts water in a spray bottle. Spray your hair until it is thoroughly wetted.  Distribute moisturizing conditioner evenly throughout your wet hair. Many conditioners include oils and waxes that make your hair slippery, and that will make it easier to comb through without breaking. Work through your hair with your fingers, feeling for knots and tangles. This will help you avoid snagging them with the comb later. Gently work the knots apart with your fingers. Separate your hair into manageable sections. You can loosely twist the sections you’re not working on, or clip them up out of your way. Use a detangling comb to work through each section from the ends up. Detangling combs have teeth that are set at least ½” apart, so they won’t get tangled in your hair as easily. Many shampoos contain chemicals such as ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate. These create that luxurious foam when you wash your hair, but they can also cause dryness and breakage. Look for “sulfate-free” shampoos that will be kinder to your hair. There are also shampoo-free cleansing products such as “cleansing conditioners” that you can use. They don’t foam like regular shampoo, but they tend to be easier on your hair. You can find them at most drug stores and beauty supply stores. Natural hair is naturally dry, and washing it too frequently can actually suck moisture out of your hair. Washing once a week is usually plenty. If your hair does get more oily than you’d like, try a dry shampoo. These are sprayable, powder-based cleansers that absorb excess oil without stripping the hair follicle. Don’t overdo it, though; dry shampoos are usually removed by brushing, and brushing can also damage natural hair. You can make deep-conditioning masks at home. Products you...

TL;DR in Russian:

Расчешите волосы, прежде чем вы вымоете их. Избегайте отшелушивающих шампуней. Избегайте чрезмерного мытья головы. Наносите кондиционер на ваши волосы каждую неделю. Сожмите ваши сухие волосы.


Natural hair requires much more moisture than other hair types to keep it healthy. You don’t have to spend a ton of money on leave-in conditioners, though: olive oil, coconut oil, shea butter, and cocoa butter are all excellent moisturizers that you can leave in your hair after washing and conditioning. Let your hair air dry and avoid using a hair dryer, as blow drying wet natural hair means the dangerous combination of high heat and lots of pulling with a styling brush. Curling irons, hot rollers, and hair straighteners are also very hard on your hair. There are some things you can do to get your hair straighter, like heavy-duty moisturizing, but avoid heat styling whenever you can to avoid breakage. This may seem counterintuitive because frizz is caused by hair sucking up moisture from the environment, but hair that is already well-hydrated is less likely to frizz. Natural oils like olive oil and coconut oil are excellent frizz-fighters, although there are also many products you can buy that will help defeat frizzing. Products that contain silicone are particularly good at smoothing hair and fighting frizz. They may also cause “crunchy” hair, so experiment and see if you like the results. Sleeping on a smooth satin pillowcase or wrapping hair in a silk scarf before bed is not only a luxurious little bit of pampering, it will help keep your hair from tangling while you sleep.

TL;DR in Russian:

Используйте несмываемые питающие средства. Старайтесь по возможности не использовать горячую укладку. Не накручивайте влажные волосы. Спите на атласе, чтобы пряди не запутывались.


Natural herbs like burdock and dandelion root are all said to help rid the body of toxins while protecting liver cells and promoting healthy liver function. All can be found in capsule or tablet form and dandelion root also comes in some herbal teas. Adding these supplements to your daily diet may help cleanse your liver and regulate its function. Soya Lecithin granules contain phospholipids which help protect the liver. Soya Lecithin granules are available in most health food stores. Magnesium promotes bile production, which in turn promotes the cleansing of the liver. You can take magnesium supplements to increase your liver health. Another way to get your magnesium is by dissolving a tablespoon of Epsom salt in warm water and drinking this mixture once or twice a month. Epsom salt contains a high amount of magnesium. Turmeric boosts the liver’s ability to produce bile, a key part of the liver-cleansing process. It has also been known to help regenerate damaged liver cells. Milk thistle promotes the growth and health of liver cells.  Milk thistle contains silymarins, which are antioxidants that fight oxidation, a process that damages liver cells. It also enhances protein synthesis in the liver.

TL;DR in Russian:

Используйте растительные добавки. Используйте cоевый лецитин. Увеличьте потребление магния. Добавьте куркуму в свой рацион. Принимайте добавки расторопши.


Natural light is always better for photography.  However, direct sunlight, particularly in the middle of the day when the sun is straight overhead, is often not flattering.  If you are able, take photos on an overcast day. If you are inside, try taking photos near a window with natural light (but not direct sunlight) coming in. If you must use light that isn’t natural, avoid fluorescent lighting and overhead lighting.  Indoors, you may be able to turn off overhead lights and turn on lamps for a better light effect. If direct overhead lighting (either natural or artificial) can’t be avoided, use the flash on your camera to fill in light so that there are no shadows under your nose or eyes. Don’t become an embarrassed internet celebrity by taking and sharing photos of yourself with embarrassing things in the background.  Bathrooms and messy bedrooms are often not the best choice for selfies, but they frequently occur there.  A picture is never flattering if there is a toilet in the background. If you are indoors, find a neutral background such as a blank wall or a window. If you are outdoors or at an event, be sure to include yourself and your environment so that your picture tells a story. You may add some visual interest to your photograph by providing a visual frame.  Here are a few suggestions for framing your photo:  Pose in a doorway. Use both arms outstretched to hold the camera instead of one. Stand between two things, such as trees or bushes outdoors. Use your hand under or on your chin to frame the bottom of your photo.

TL;DR in Russian:

Снимайтесь при естественном свете. Проверьте задний план. Подумайте о визуальных рамках.


Natural light is great for any photography, and pet photography is no exception. If it's especially bright, pick a shaded area where you'll get ambient light for your pictures.  Try the hour just after sunrise or the one just before sunset. These hours, called the "golden hours," have the best light. Avoid the harsh light of midday. Of course, you won't be able to take some pets outdoors. In that case, try to get your pet in an area with as much natural light as you can. Open blinds and curtains to let in the light! If natural light isn't an option, try using a detached flash. Point it up at the ceiling, and it will reflect back down on your pet to create perfect lighting. Aim for mostly solid colors in the background, instead of patterns and other people. For instance, grass or even a solid color piece of furniture work well in the background.  If the background is too busy, your pet won't stand out as much as you'd like. Try to pick a background that makes your pet stand out. For instance, pick a bright color for a black cat, or a dark color for a blonde dog. Most of your pet's personality will show up in its face, so make it prominent in the pictures. If you're manually focusing the picture, use the eyes as your target! Your pet's personality shows up in their face, so try to capture that! Work on getting a photo of your pet's expressive eyes or goofy grin. Get up close to your pet, so that they take up the whole photo. That way, your pet is the focus, and not some interesting thing in the background.  It helps to get down on your pet's level if you can. Lay down on the floor or sit down. As a bonus, your pet will probably wander over to see what's going on. If you need to, you can crop the photo later to cut out the extra space. A treat can entice a pet to look your way, but it may not. However, eventually, most pets will look at you and the camera. Just be patient and wait your pet out. While you're waiting, have your shot already set up so that when they look at you, you're ready to take the shot....

TL;DR in Russian:

По возможности выйдите на улицу. Выберите не слишком перегруженный фон. Сфокусируйтесь на морде питомца. Сделайте питомца единственным объектом на фотографии. Дождитесь идеального момента для фотоснимка. Постарайтесь запечатлеть характер питомца. Попробуйте отснять разные кадры с разных углов.


Natural light is the best lighting you can use when filming for YouTube. Successful YouTubers use studio type lights or white lights, which also give you good lighting. But natural lighting is the best. Make sure you have the lights facing you and not behind you. Be aware of where shadows are and make sure they are not covering the main focal point of your videos.  Backgrounds are also good to have. You can buy or make backgrounds. To purchase a cheap background, go on eBay or other selling sites to find a simple, white background. Alternatively, you can film you videos outside at places like the beach, your local park, or even your backyard. Consider purchasing a green screen, this way you will be able to make your own backgrounds for your videos. Webcams are out. The video and audio quality are not very good on webcams, so try to invest in a good video camera. It doesn't have to be a $500 camera, it could cost $20 as long as the quality for audio and visuals are good your video will be good too.  Many digital cameras now have excellent video capacity. Look for used options on auction sites or classifieds if you haven't a lot of money to spare. Some great sites to find used cameras are eBay and Craigslist. The latest mobile phones are also capable of creating good videos. Consider using a tripod to avoid having a shaking video effect. This only applies if your video involves you recording your screen. HD videos are the norm nowadays, so make sure it can record at 720p or above.  It is best to invest in one rather than download a free one as they often have a "Free Trial" or "Demo" watermark across the screen on export. If your screen recorder does not have options to record audio as well then you need to invest in a good quality microphone - or another screen recorder. One many YouTubers use is the "Blue Snowball" or "Blue Yeti", but any cheap, high-quality microphone will do the job. Choosing tags is a pretty important step in the video upload process, choosing popular tags will make it harder for people to...

TL;DR in Russian:

Улучшайте качество съемки. Купите качественную камеру или используйте смартфон. Купите качественную программу записи видео с экрана. Используйте уместные теги. Опишите свой канал в поле описания. Регулярно публикуйте ролики, чтобы не терять подписчиков. Не публикуйте спам в чужих аккаунтах. Сохраняйте уверенность в себе перед лицом негатива. Обозревайте уместные продукты и предметы.


Natural oils such as neem and flaxseed make excellent base for ointments. Experiment with different combinations of herbs and oils.  Neem oil is an astringent that helps protect your skin. It is commonly used in Ayurvedic (ancient Indian) medicine to treat lipomas.  Flaxseed oil has high levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids help to reduce inflammation. Be sure to buy flaxseed oil certified to be free of heavy metals, such as lead and mercury. Blend 1 teaspoon of chickweed to 2-3 tablespoons of neem oil or flaxseed oil. Apply the salve to the lipoma.  Chickweed is used to reduce fats.  You can also use 1-2 tablespoons of cooled green tea instead of neem or flaxseed oil to make a paste. Put 1 teaspoon of turmeric together with 2-3 tablespoons of neem oil or flaxseed oil. Smooth the ointment onto the lipoma. Your skin will turn a bit orange or yellow because of the turmeric. Cover the lipoma with a bandage to protect your clothes.  Turmeric, like neem oil, is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine. For a paste, add 1-2 tablespoons of cooled green tea instead of neem or flaxseed oil to the turmeric. Mix ½ to 1 teaspoon of dried sage with 2-3 tablespoons of neem oil or flaxseed oil. Coat the lipoma with the balm.  Substitute 1-2 tablespoons of cooled green tea for neem or flaxseed oil to make a paste. Sage is used in traditional Chinese medicine to dissolve fatty tissue.

TL;DR in Russian:

Приготовьте мазь из натуральных масел и трав. Смешайте звездчатку среднюю с базовым натуральным маслом или зеленый чаем. Попробуйте приготовить мазь с куркумой. Добавьте сушеный шалфей к маслу ним или льняному маслу.


Natural sea sponges can work like disposable tampons.  Clean sponges intended for this purpose are sold through various health supply stores.  Cut the sponge to size and then insert like a tampon.  Rinse the sponge daily.  This solution is slightly messier than using a menstrual cup but is an all-natural, reusable product.  Like menstrual cups, sea sponges are safe to use while sleeping. These are typically sold as "moon pads" and are especially good for nighttime use.  Reusable pads are easily washed, dried, and reworn, eliminating waste on the trail, although you will need to use a zippered plastic bag or other solution to store soiled pads between washes.  They also take up space in a pack, so consider your weight and space requirements carefully if you're planning to use reusable pads on a backpacking excursion. This advice applies to both reusable and disposable products, but hygiene becomes especially significant when you are washing and reusing the same equipment multiple times.  Washing before you use a product is just as important as cleaning your hands afterward.  Doing so keeps bacteria away from this sensitive region of your body.  Urinary tract infections and yeast infections are never fun, but they're especially important to avoid when you're out camping and away from medical help.

TL;DR in Russian:

Купите морскую губку. Купите многоразовые прокладки из толстой фланели. До и после использования любого средства гигиены необходимо вымыть руки.


Natural treatments for H. pylori center on a nutritious diet, the use of common hygiene principles, and the use of specific botanical medicines, probiotics, and other supplements. These approaches have not been proven to cure H. pylori, but they can help prevent and treat the infection. These approaches can also help reduce the symptoms, if you are experiencing any. Cranberry juice appears to prevent or inhibit the bacteria from attaching themselves to the stomach; one study recommends 250mL of cranberry juice every day. This study only had a 14% success rate after 90 days, so it's probably best to include other approaches as well. Licorice is a traditional ulcer treatment in Indian, Chinese, and Kampo medicine. Although more evidence is needed, the existing tests on animals and humans are promising. This seems to work by preventing the bacteria from attaching to the stomach, so it works best in the early stages of infection. One component in licorice has been linked to increased blood pressure. You can buy a natural tablet called DGL (Deglycyrrhizinated licorice), which has had this component removed. In order to minimize your risk of getting infected with H. pylori, make sure you carefully wash your hands and all utensils used for cooking and eating. Use warm, soapy water to wash. Don’t share utensils with anyone, and make certain anyone preparing foods for you is using proper hygiene. Wash all fruits and vegetables with warm, soapy water or a fruit and vegetable rinse product and rinse them well. Probiotics are sources of the types of “good” bacteria and yeast normally found in the body’s microbiome.  This includes species of lactobacillus, acidophilus, bifidobacteria, and the yeast saccharomyces boulardii. You can take these as a supplement (following the manufacturer’s instructions) or in foods. Preliminary evidence suggests this may help fight H. pylori.  Good food sources of probiotics are fermented foods such as kefir, sauerkraut, pickles, kombucha (a fermented tea), tempeh, kimchi and other foods...

TL;DR in Russian:

Поймите недостатки, связанные с природными средствами. Пейте клюквенный сок. Употребляйте солодку. Соблюдайте правила гигиены. Принимайте пробиотики. Съедобная растительность. Принимайте растительные добавки. Объедините несколько методов.


Naturally coloring your hair can be a messy process and take longer to process than chemical dyes. However, if your hair is damaged or easily damaged, natural colorants will be easier on your tresses than conventional hair dyes. It's up to you personally whether the benefits outweigh any inconvenience.  If you have sensitive skin, herbal colorants may be the best choice for you, since chemical hair dyes can cause contact dermatitis.  Natural colorants such as cassia obovata, henna and indigo are mixed into a paste that needs to sit out overnight. They also take longer to develop (from an hour to six hours) once applied to your hair. Keep in mind that the results you get with natural dyes can vary. If you have a specific desired look in mind, they might not be a good option for you. While you can plan for a general shade, natural colorants react differently to each individual's type and condition of hair. Your results will be unique and may be lighter, darker, or more varied in hue than you expect. Natural colorants, particularly tinting rinses, may not give you complete coverage of gray hair. How well it works for you depends on the method you use, how long you let it sit, and your hair type. You may need to repeat the process of coloring after 48 hours if your gray hair has not been covered successfully. Your individual hair type as well as various hair products you've used in the past affect how your hair takes to natural colorants. Save a few trimmings of hair the next time you get your hair cut, or snip a lock of hair near the back of your neck. Apply the colorant you want to use to the strand using the instructions for the method you've chosen.  After applying the colorant, wait the entire process time. Then, rinse the lock completely and allow it to dry in direct sunlight, if you can. Check the final results under bright natural lighting. If necessary, adjust the ingredient or processing time for your own hair – more or less, depending on the shade you desire. Keep in mind that your strand test may not...

TL;DR in Russian:

Решите, подходят ли вам натуральные красители. Знайте, чего следует ожидать. Испытайте краситель на пряди волос. Решите, где вы будете красить волосы. После окрашивания седых волос используйте для ухода за ними натуральные средства.


Naturally, butterflies survive by consuming the nectar provided by different types of flowers. The best kind of food you can give them is this nectar. Milkweed, zinnias, and marigolds are popular with butterflies -- try planting these in your yard to attract and feed butterflies. If you don't want to grow and take care of flowers, purchase some canned fruit nectar instead. To successfully serve canned fruit nectar, pour some into a plastic bottle cap or saturate a tissue in it and set it out in a butterfly feeder, on a porch railing, or somewhere similar. This acts as makeshift nectar. Mix 1 part white cane table sugar with 4 parts warm water until the sugar dissolves completely. This should provide nutrition and energy for your butterflies so that they can thrive. White cane table sugar provides the best nutrients for butterflies and also dissolves easily, compared to other forms of sugar. Slice up some fruit that's going bad to give to your butterflies. They especially like to eat rotting grapefruits, oranges, strawberries, peaches, nectarines, apples, and bananas. Add a little bit of water or fruit juice to your sliced fruit to keep it desirably moist. . The best way to feed butterflies in nature is to buy or create some sort of butterfly feeder. You can do this is several different ways, whether you want to hang a plastic water bottle full of food from a tree, or set a shallow plate with a base among your garden. Get crafty and make a desirable feeder to draw in as many butterflies as possible.

TL;DR in Russian:

В природе бабочки питаются цветочным нектаром. Вместо цветочного нектара можно использовать консервированный фруктовый нектар. Если у вас нет нектара, можно предложить бабочкам сахарной воды. Бабочек можно кормить и подгнившими фруктами. Сделайте кормушку для бабочек.


Nausea can be triggered or worsened by moving around. Try resting while sitting in a quiet space or room on a bed or a mat. If you still feel nauseous, gently ease yourself down to a lying position but prop your head up with anything but most preferably with a pillow (it is easier to get to sleep and much more comfortable). If you can relax well enough, a quick nap can also get rid of your nausea. You might feel better by the time you wake up. A breath of fresh air can clear your lungs, reduce anxiety, and make your stomach feel a bit better.  Sit in a quiet space and close your eyes, try to think about anything else other than your nausea(to get your mind of the feeling). Get off all electronics, a headache can be obtained by too much time on electronics and you don't need to add a headache to your nausea. Take a deep breath through your nose and hold it. Then, slowly breath out your mouth. Repeat this several times. Nausea can be caused by a fever, but even if it isn't, your temperature can rise as a result of moderate to severe nausea. Cool temperatures can help stabilize your body temperature. Take a clean washcloth and dip it in cold water. Press the compress under your neck if lying on your back. If you are sitting upright, wear it around the back of your neck. Watch a movie, call up a friend, or do any other mild, light activity that prevents you from fixating on your nausea.  Some nausea can be triggered or worsened by anxiety. Getting your mind off any other worries you may have can help the nausea to go away. Avoid activities that require intense focus. For instance, reading or writing that requires your eyes to focus on a block of text for a lengthy amount of time can cause eye strain. Under normal conditions, this strain may not affect you, but while you feel nauseous, any extra strain or stress can worsen your symptoms. Hold off on any high-intensity physical activities. While gentle movement can help your nausea, odds are, most physical activity will cause undue stress to your stomach, which can...

TL;DR in Russian:

Сядьте в спокойном месте и расслабьтесь. Попробуйте глубоко дышать. Приложите холодный компресс к задней стороне шеи. Постарайтесь отвлечься от тошноты. Избегайте сильных запахов.


Nausea is a bodily symptom of anxiety that alerts you to an emotional state. Instead of seeing it just as a problem or discomfort, see it as an alert that your emotions or mental state or off-kilter. You may be so used to feeling anxious that you fail to experience fully the emotional state your body is reacting to, and this is your body’s way of saying, “Pay attention!” Acknowledge that you are feeling anxious. Then, choose how you want to handle the anxiety and reduce your stress in the moment. If there are things (or people) in your life that cause you stress, consider cutting back or cutting them out. Perhaps you have one friend or family member that comes to you with problems or that relies on you more than he or she should. Talk to this person and say that you are no longer available to fill this type of role.  Say, “I value our relationship, yet I feel like you come to me for things that I have a hard time dealing with. It would be helpful to me if you found other people to lean on besides me.” Maybe you have a commute that causes you stress. Consider taking the train or an alternate route that is less trafficked. Think of all of the things in your life that cause you stress (whether good or bad): work, school, family, partner, children, volunteering, meetings, presentations, travel, being sick, etc. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, see what things can either be cut out or cut back. The less stress that’s in your life, the less anxiety will be triggered. If you feel overwhelmed at work, consider asking to reduce your workload or share responsibilities with another co-worker. If you feel like you just can’t get away from the stressors in your life, take a few days off. Allow yourself some time to reset, do things you enjoy, and get away from the things that are causing you stress, even if it’s momentary. While on this break, don’t allow yourself to think about the stress you have back home or at work; let yourself fully enjoy your time.  While taking a break, do things you’ve been meaning to do, but...

TL;DR in Russian:

Тошнота лишь предупреждает организм о проблеме. Уменьшите количество стрессовых факторов. Пересмотрите свои обязательства. Возьмите отгул.


Navigate to Facebook with your web browser and enter your email address and password into the corresponding fields. Press “Log in” to complete. This will open dropdown list of recent notifications.  There are 3 icons at the top menu bar with red indicators if you have unread information. The ‘people’ icon lists friend requests, the ‘chat box’ icon lists messages, and the ‘globe’ icon lists general notifications.  You can also clear your notification flag by clicking “Mark as read” at the top of the dropdown. Found at the bottom of the notification dropdown, clicking this will bring you to a list of all the notifications that Facebook has saved for you.

TL;DR in Russian:

Войдите в свой аккаунт на Facebook. Нажмите на иконку земного шара. Нажмите «Показать все».


Navigate to the Stack Overflow homepage in your browser at stackoverflow.com. In the upper right hand corner of the page, you should see the Ask Question button, which you should click to continue. Then check the box box indicating you have read and understand the disclaimer and click "Proceed." Now you're ready to ask your question! This is where your problem description and title come in handy. Fill in the information and take a moment to double check spelling and grammar. That last thing you want is someone hassling your usage instead of answering your question. Then click on "Post your question." In the tags field, when you begin typing, the Stack Overflow system will automatically suggest likely tags to help you with this process. Be sure you read the descriptions for your tags. An incorrect tag can seriously limit potential responses. Three important tags to include with relation to your topic are: language, library, and API.

TL;DR in Russian:

Нажмите на кнопку «Задать вопрос». Прочтите пользовательское соглашение. Предоставьте всю необходимую информацию. Добавьте подходящие метки.


Navigate to the file or folder you want to delete and left-click on the name or icon once to select it. Note that this option is available through Gnome and other Linux platforms, but may not be available for all Linux platforms. Pressing Ctrl + Del on your keyboard will temporarily delete the file and send it to your Trash, where it can be reviewed before permanent deletion. This is usually the preferred option. Press and hold ⇧ Shift first before pressing Del. You will be asked to confirm your request, and upon confirmation, the file or folder selected will skip over the Trash and be permanently deleted from your computer. If you have deleted your files and folders the traditional way and they are waiting in your Trash for deletion, right-click the Trash icon in the sidebar and select the "Empty Trash" option that pops up. Depending on your Linux platform, this may or may not permanently and securely wipe the files from your hard disk. If it does not, it will only delete the link or pathway allowing you to access that data without deleting the data itself.

TL;DR in Russian:

Выделите удаляемый файл (папку). Нажмите  Ctrl + Del или ⇧ Shift + Del. Нажмите ⇧ Shift + Del, чтобы удалить файл без отправки в Корзину. Для того чтобы очистить Корзину, щелкните по ее значку правой кнопкой мыши.


Navigate to the following link in your preferred internet browser: https://www.youtube.com/ Use the search bar located at the top of the page. Press enter to run the query. After clicking on your video, copy the contents in the address bar to your clipboard ([CTRL] + [C]). Navigate to the following link and log in: https://www.facebook.com Post a status using the address/link you copied early as the body. Facebook will automatically pull the video.

TL;DR in Russian:

Перейдите на сайт YouTube. Найдите свою любимую песню/клип. Скопируйте ссылку. Войдите в Facebook. Опубликуйте новый статус.


Navigate to your device's app store, search for TripIt, and install the application. Locate the app icon on your phone, usually in your application menu, and tap on it to open. Skip this step if you already have a TripIt account. Enter the necessary log in information. Tap "Trips" from the left panel of the app. You will see your trips and itineraries on the right side, both past and upcoming. You can only edit and add plans from the mobile app. Tap on a trip you’d like to edit by adding plans. Tap "Add Plans" from the left panel.  Select from the list of transportation, activities, and other type of plan you’re adding.  Depending on the plan type, you’ll be shown a pop-up screen where you can register details of that booking or reservation. Once done, tap "Save," and your plan will be added to your trip itinerary. Repeat step 6 for all your bookings or reservations for the same trip. See your itinerary grow and become more detailed as you add more plans into it. You can share your itinerary via e-mail. Tap "Share Trip" and input the e-mail addresses of your friends.

TL;DR in Russian:

Скачайте приложение TripIt на ваше мобильное устройство. Откройте приложение. Зарегистрируйтесь. Войдите. Посмотрите поездки. Добавьте планы. Добавьте больше планов. Разделите маршрут.


Navigating the world of tampon buying can be a little tricky, but once you know a bit more about what to buy, you won't feel so intimidated. Some common brands for tampons include Kotex and Playtex, and most companies that make pads also make tampons, so you can go with the company that makes your pads to feel comfortable. Basically, there are three things to keep in mind: paper or plastic, absorbency, and whether or not the tampon has an applicator. Here's what you need to know:  Paper or plastic. Some tampons have a cardboard applicator (paper), while others have a plastic applicator. The paper applicator has the benefit of mostly being flushable, but you may not want to take your chances if you have an unreliable plumbing system. Some people say that plastic is also a bit easier to use. You can try both and decide what you like best. Applicator or no applicator. Most tampons are sold with applicators, while others are not. When you're starting off, it's much easier to use tampons with applicators so you have more control over the process. The tampons without applicators require you to push the tampon up in your vagina with your fingers, which can be a bit more of a challenge. The upside of these tampons is that they are super small, so you can even keep them in your pocket, if necessary. Absorbency. The most common types of tampons are either "regular" or "super absorbent". It's generally recommended that you start with regular tampons to get the hang of using them before you move on to the super ones. They are a bit bigger, though they aren't necessarily harder to use. You can also use regular tampons first, when your flow isn't as heavy, and then switch to more absorbent tampons, depending on your flow, or vice versa. Many packs of tampons come with some regular, and some super absorbency tampons, so you can mix and match. Though this isn't mandatory, inserting the tampon when you've just begun your period and your flow is still light will make it a bit harder for it to easily glide into your vagina. If...

TL;DR in Russian:

Купите тампоны. Вводите тампон, когда выделения умеренные или интенсивные. Вымойте руки. Разверните тампон сухими руками. Сядьте или станьте в удобную позицию. Возьмите тампон двумя пальцами, которыми держите ручку во время письма. Найдите влагалище. Осторожно поместите верхушку тампона во влагалище. Надавите указательным пальцем на тонкую часть аппликатора. Большим и средним пальцами извлеките аппликатор. Выбросьте аппликатор. Подумайте о том, чтобы вместе с тампоном использовать и ежедневные прокладки.


Nearly 15% of children still wet the bed by the time they reach five years of age. Though this number tapers off, you generally shouldn’t worry about bedwetting up until the age of seven. Prior to that, a child’s bladder and control can still be developing. In the hours leading up to bedtime, try to reduce the amount that your child has to drink. Note that this does not need to be over the course of the entire day. On the contrary, encouraging your child to hydrate in the morning and early afternoon can actually help cut down on evening-time thirst. If your child is thirsty in the evening, especially if they are participating in sports or other physical activities, do offer them water. If your child’s school allows it, send him or her to school with a water bottle to avoid excessive fluid intake in the late afternoon and evening. Caffeine is a diuretic, which means that it can lead to a need to urinate. While you should generally avoid giving young children caffeine anyway, it’s especially true when trying to help stop bedwetting. In addition to caffeine, you should try to cut out other possible bladder irritants in the evening that can lead to bedwetting. These include citrus juices, dyes (particularly juices with red dyes), sweeteners, and artificial flavorings. In the late afternoon and into the evening, encourage your child to use the toilet roughly every two hours. This will help avoid a sense of urgency over the evening. Many children use the bathroom at the start of their bedtime routine as they get ready to change into pajamas, brush their teeth, etc. “Double-voiding” means having your child use the bathroom then and then going a second time directly before actually going to sleep. Pressure from your child’s rectum due to constipation can manifest as bedwetting. To make matters more difficult, children often feel too embarrassed to discuss constipation, but this simple issue comprises up to a third of all instances of bedwetting in children who otherwise have control. If you confirm that he or she is...

TL;DR in Russian:

Не впадайте в панику. Следите, чтобы ребенок меньше пил вечером. Не давайте ребенку напитки, содержащие кофеин. Ограничьте употребление продуктов, раздражающих мочевой пузырь. Приучите ребенка регулярно посещать уборную. Перед самым сном используйте метод “двойного опорожнения”. Избавьте ребенка от запоров. Ни в коем случае не наказывайте ребенка. При необходимости используйте энурезный будильник. Посетите с ребенком педиатра. Расспросите педиатра насчет медицинских препаратов.


Nearly all Windows apps have an X at the top-right corner. Apps like these can typically be closed easily by clicking the X.  If the window contains an open document, you may be prompted to save or dismiss it before the window will close. If the window has expanded to full-screen size and you don't see the X, press F11 to bring it back to normal size first. This keyboard shortcut will close the currently-active window just like clicking the X. If the window you're using doesn't have the X at the top-right corner, this combination of keys should do the trick. This command can be used in an app that supports multiple active documents at once, such as Microsoft Word. The app itself will not close, but the open file will. If you're using a browser like Chrome or Edge, this keyboard shortcut will close the active browsing tab without closing the browser application. Pressing the Windows Key and the down-arrow key at the same time will not close the window, but it will remove it from your view so you can work on other things.  To restore a minimized window, click it on the taskbar, which is usually at the bottom of the screen. To minimize all open windows at once, press ⊞ Win+M.

TL;DR in Russian:

Нажмите X в верхнем правом углу окна, чтобы закрыть его. Нажмите Alt+F4, чтобы закрыть окно. Нажмите Ctrl+F4, чтобы закрыть активный документ. Нажмите Ctrl+W, чтобы закрыть вкладку веб-браузера. Нажмите ⊞ Win+↓, чтобы свернуть активное окно.


Nearly all chemical reactions involve forming or breaking bonds between atoms. Since, in a chemical reaction, energy can be neither destroyed nor created, if we know the energy required to form or break the bonds being made (or broken) in the reaction, we can estimate the enthalpy change for the entire reaction with high accuracy by adding up these bond energies. For example, let's consider the reaction H2 + F2 → 2HF. In this case, the energy required to break the H atoms in the H2 molecule apart is 436 kJ/mol, while the energy required for F2 is 158 kJ/mol. Finally, the energy needed to form HF  from H and F is = -568 kJ/mol. We multiply this by 2 because the product in the equation is 2HF, giving us 2 × -568 = -1136 kJ/mol. Adding these all up, we get: 436 + 158 + -1136 = -542 kJ/mol. Enthalpies of formation are set ∆H values that represent the enthalpy changes from reactions used to create given chemicals. If you know the enthalpies of formation required to create products and reactants in an equation, you can add them up to estimate the enthalpy much as you would with bond energies as described above. For example, let's consider the reaction C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O. In this case, we know the enthalpies of formation for the following reactions:C2H5OH → 2C + 3H2 + 0.5O2 = 228 kJ/mol2C + 2O2 → 2CO2 = -394 × 2 = -788 kJ/mol 3H2 + 1.5 O2 → 3H2O = -286 × 3 = -858 kJ/mol Since we can add these equations up to get  C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O, the reaction we're trying to find the enthalpy for, we can simply add up the enthalpies of the formation reactions above to find the enthalpy of this reaction as follows: 228 + -788 + -858 = -1418 kJ/mol. It's important to note that when you use enthalpies of formation to calculate the enthalpy of a reaction, you need to reverse the sign of the enthalpy of formation  whenever you reverse the equation of the component reaction. In other words, if you have to turn one or more of your formation reaction equations backwards in order to get all of your products and reactants...

TL;DR in Russian:

Подсчитайте энергию связей для оценки энтальпии. Используйте энтальпию образования для оценки энтальпии. Не забывайте о знаках перед значениями энтальпии.


Nearly all gift baskets have some type of theme, and choosing a theme makes it easier to plan the contents of the basket. Choose the theme of your gift basket before you do anything else.  Sometimes, the theme is based on an occasion or set of circumstances. For example, you might plan a Christmas-themed basket around the holidays, a "get well soon" basket for someone who's ill, or a house-warming basket for couple who recently purchased their first home. Since these baskets are fairly generic, they tend to be easier to plan. Other times, you may determine the theme of the basket based on the receiver's personality or interests. For example, you might plan a spa basket for a workaholic who regularly needs to unwind, a romantic basket for your significant other, or a gardening basket for someone with a green thumb. Since these baskets are not dependent on outside circumstances, they tend to be more versatile. You can include store-bought items, homemade items, or a combination of both in your gift basket. Make sure that the items you choose fit your chosen theme, though.  For example, if you choose a food theme, you should only include edible items or related non-edible items in the basket. You shouldn't fill a basket with cheese, crackers, and wines, then throw in a random packet of flower seeds or bottle of scented lotion. To save money, consider shopping at dollar stores and other discount shops. Gift baskets contain multiple items, and if you don't set a budget for yourself, you can easily overspend while creating them. While wicker baskets are the most common choice, you can pick from baskets made of different materials. The "basket" doesn't even have to be a basket—boxes, bags, and jars may also work, depending on the overall theme.  Note that baskets can be made of wood, plastic, fabric, and metal. Wood baskets work well for traditional gifts, but they may not be durable enough for gift baskets given to children. For kids, choose a basket made of plastic or fabric. You can also use gift boxes, gift...

TL;DR in Russian:

Выберите тему. Сделайте или купите подарки. Выберите соответствующую корзину. Заполните дно корзины наполнителем. Разложите подарки внутри. Оберните всю корзину. При желании прикрепите сопроводительную открытку.


Nearly all modern computers have the sound card built-in to the motherboard. You can double-check that you have a sound card built-in by looking for speaker jacks on the back of the computer. Sound cards are really only necessary for audiophiles and recording studio computers, or for very old computers that don't have built-in sound. This will allow you to move your computer to a place that allows you to easily access it. Place the computer on its side on a table, with the ports on the back closest to the table. The ports are connected to the motherboard, so having them closest to the table will ensure that you can get to the motherboard when the case is open. Avoid laying the computer on carpet. Most newer cases have thumbscrews, but you may need a Phillips-head screwdriver. The screws run down the back of the computer. Remove the panel on the opposite side of the motherboard and set it aside. You should always ground yourself when working inside your computer. You can use an electrostatic wrist strap or touch a metal water tap to discharge any electrostatic buildup. If you don't ground yourself, you run the risk of damaging your components with electrostatic discharge. Since your computer is open, you should take this opportunity to clean out the dust that has built up inside the case. Too much dust can lead to overheating, which can lead to your components failing. Use compressed air to remove as much dust and debris as possible. Make sure to get in all of the nooks and crannies.

TL;DR in Russian:

Убедитесь, что вам нужна звуковая карта. Выключите компьютер и отсоедините от него все кабели. Снимите боковую панель корпуса. Заземлитесь. Избавьтесь от пыли.


Nearly all nail polishes will require at least two layers, and some will need three. It is much better to apply several thin layers of polish than one thick one -- the results will be much neater and less inclined to smudge. You must allow the nail polish to dry completely between each application - this should take between five and ten minutes, depending on the brand of polish.  Apply the second layer of polish using the exact same method you used to apply the first. Try to be equally careful -- don't become impatient and try to finish the job quickly, or you might ruin your good work. Allow the second layer of polish to dry completely, then decide if you need to apply a third. As you can see, painting your nails is time consuming, and you will need to allow yourself 30 minutes to an hour to do the job well. For this reason, it is a good idea to have prepared a snack/ gone to the bathroom/ turned on the TV before you begin painting your nails, so you won't be bored while waiting for your nails to dry.

TL;DR in Russian:

Позвольте первому слою лака полностью высохнуть перед нанесением следующего.


Nearly all speakers in the interior of a car will be covered with some sort of protective paneling or grill. Before the speaker can be modified or replaced, this barrier must be removed. Pry the grill off with a suitable tool, like a flat head screwdriver, removing any bolts or screws that are holding it in place if necessary. The work you'll have to do to access your car's factory speakers will vary from car to car. In worst case scenarios, for example, you may need to remove seats, crawl into the trunk to access important bolts or wires, or even remove entire door panels to gain access to the speakers. Note that the speaker is usually, but not always, attached to a wiring harness, so take care not to rip it out when removing it. You may also find that you need to unscrew one or more small bolts and/or chip at any adhesive foam or glue that's holding the speaker in place. If you think you'll need to re-install the factory speakers in the future (for instance, if you sell the car), don't forget to save any screws that you remove! Usually, connecting your new speaker is a fairly simple matter of plugging your speaker's wiring harness into the car's wiring harness. However, if your car doesn't have this simple type of connection, you may need to connect your speaker with a soldered or crimped connection.  Make sure you match the polarity of the car and speaker's connections. Usually, the speaker's positive terminal is the larger of the two and is marked with a "+" or a small dot.  Electrical tape can be a risky choice for wire connections, especially in the dashboard, as changes in temperature can weaken the tape and lead to problems down the road. Now that you've connected your speaker, it's important to test the connection so that  you don't have to waste time later to fix a problem. Re-connect the battery's negative terminal and turn on the car's radio or stereo. Listen for sound coming out of your new speaker or look for visible vibrations at high volumes. If your speaker won't work, this means that there...

TL;DR in Russian:

Снимите все панели или сетки. Удалите заводской динамик. Подсоедините новый динамик к проводке автомобиля. Проверьте динамик. Установите на место новый динамик. Установите и опробуйте сабвуферы. Установите и опробуйте высокочастотные динамики. Уберите все панели и решетки динамиков.


Nearly every computer has a word processor installed. Even a basic text editor like Notepad will work. This will let you see what you type while you practice. The Home position is where your hands will start when your typing, and where your fingers return to after striking a key. Most keyboards have raised bumps on the F and J keys. These indicate where your index fingers are placed.  Slightly arch your fingers and place your fingers on the keys next to F and J. Your left pinky rests on A, your left ring finger on S, and your left middle finger on D  Your right pinky rests on ;, your right ring finger on L, and your right middle finger on K. Your thumbs rest on the spacebar. Get used to pressing each key with its corresponding finger. Memorize the key that each finger rests on through repetition. You want the home keys permanently imprinted in your memory so repetition is essential. You can capitalize letters by holding the ⇧ Shift key when you press the letter. Use your pinky to press and hold the ⇧ Shift key using the hand that isn't pressing the letter, and then press the letter you want to capitalize. Once you have a good handle on the Home keys, you can start expanding to the other keys on the keyboard. Use the same repetition exercises to memorize the locations of the other keys. Use the nearest finger to reach the key. If you are keeping your wrists elevated, you will be able to easily strike the keys that are slightly outside of your reach. Now that you are able to reach most keys without looking, it's time to start typing sentences. Try transcribing something else on your screen without looking at your keyboard. Sentences like "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" contain every letter in the alphabet, allowing you to practice with all the keys. Punctuation marks such as ., ;, and " are located on the right side of the keyboard. You can reach these keys using your right pinky. Many symbols need to have the ⇧ Shift key pressed in order to type them. Symbols are located above each of the number...

TL;DR in Russian:

Откройте текстовой редактор. Поставьте руки в исходное положение. Попрактикуйтесь в печатании этих букв. Используйте клавишу Shift, чтобы печатать прописные буквы. Потренируйтесь печатать все остальные буквы и символы на клавиатуре. Потренируйтесь печатать простые предложения. Запомните расположение клавиш со специальными символами и знаками препинания. Помните, что безошибочная печать важнее быстрой печати. Найдите игру или программу, которая поможет вам развить навык быстрой печати.


Nearsightedness makes it difficult to see objects far away. This is caused by having an eyeball that is too long, or a cornea that is too curved. This affects the way light is reflected on the retina, which causes blurred vision. Farsightedness makes it difficult to see objects that are up close. This is caused by having an eyeball that is too short, or a cornea that is not curved enough. An Astigmatism is when the eye doesn’t focus light properly into the retina. Astigmatism causes objects to appear blurry and stretched out. It is caused by an irregular shaped cornea. This condition typically comes with age (over 40). This condition makes it difficult for the eye to focus on objects clearly. Presbyopia is caused by a loss of flexibility and thickening of the lens inside the eye.

TL;DR in Russian:

Подумайте, нет ли у вас близорукости. Выясните, нет ли у вас дальнозоркости. Определите симптомы астигматизма. Обратите внимание на признаки пресбиопии (старческого зрения).


Neck pillows don’t typically come in different sizes, so the only way to know if it will fit comfortably is to try it on. If possible, put your neck pillow on before you buy it, or keep the receipt and try it on before your trip. You should be able to rest your head on it without bending your neck uncomfortably, and the material shouldn’t pinch or chafe on your neck. Inflatable travel pillows can be a convenient way to save space when traveling. If yours is inflatable, blow into the air tube until the pillow is round and firm. Seal the air tube once you’re done by replacing the cap.  Some inflatable pillows self-inflate. Typically, this involves turning a valve which will then cause the pillow to slowly inflate, but check your pillow’s instructions to see how yours inflates.  Non-inflatable travel pillows are typically filled with foam or microbeads. While they are less convenient for packing, you may find that they are more comfortable. Some neck pillows, particularly the less expensive inflatable ones, are made of plastic and may not have a very comfortable surface. Use a thin, soft piece of clothing like a T-shirt or light scarf to cover your pillow and make it more comfortable. You can also buy a removable cover for your pillow. Just make sure it fits your pillow before buying it. Most neck pillows are U-shaped and will fit around the back of your neck with the opening over your throat. Some have straps that cross the opening to keep it in place. If your pillow is not U-shaped, it may be designed to fit between your shoulder and head. This type limits which direction you can rest your head in, so it’s best for sleepers who don’t change position much. Most neck pillows are designed to support your head as it falls back or to the side. This position can be more comfortable if your back is slightly reclined. Gently recline your seat, being careful not to move the seat too quickly or too far towards the passengers behind you, until you can lean back comfortably. Even on nighttime flights, the plane is likely...

TL;DR in Russian:

Перед покупкой примерьте подушку. Если необходимо, надуйте подушку. Заверните подушку в футболку или шарф, чтобы сделать ее мягче. Поместите подушку на шею. Откиньте спинку кресла. Прикройте глаза. Поворачивайте подушку в различные положения для сна. Положите подушку на откидной столик, если вы хотите спать, наклонившись вперед.


Need to go the grocery store? Walk there. Need to get up to the fifteenth floor of a building? Walk there, don't take the elevator. Need to get to soccer practice? Walk there. Look at each walking opportunity as an opportunity to burn more calories and to get fitter. Get a pedometer. A pedometer will keep track of the number of steps you take during the day, and you can hide it on your hip so that no one can see it. A good pedometer will convert the number of steps taken into calories burned. They're worth it! Put on some of the best, most motivating 80s dance music, and get ready to get ready. Warming up and stretching will help you get the most out of your exercise. Plus, who can exercise when they're injured? Examples of warm up exercises include:  20 push-ups, 20 sit-ups, and 20 burpees. (Burpees are when you jump in the air then drop down do a push-up and repeat.) Running in place intensely for 1 minute, and then switching to 1 minute of light jogging in place. Touch your toes, stretch your arms in tandem, get those quads and hamstrings loosened, and don't forget your torso and neck. Interval training is where you do really intense activity for only a short period of time, and then moderate or light intensity work for the majority of the time. Scientists have found, in several studies, that people who do interval training actually end up exercising for shorter periods of time and burning more calories than people who go at medium intensity for their whole workout. An example of interval training would be this: while running around the track, go as hard/fast as you can for one whole lap, then jog at light speed for the remaining three laps. Every four laps is a mile. Feel — and love — the burn. The great part about sports is that they're competitive. Competition makes us push ourselves harder than we would have by ourselves, for the most part. You may be thinking: I'm not good at any sports, or I'm not comfortable doing any sports. Just remember that people respect other who try hard and who respect...

TL;DR in Russian:

Везде ходите пешком. Возьмите в привычку разогреваться / растягиваться до того, как начинать тренироваться в полную силу. Попробуйте интервальные тренировки. Займитесь спортом. Используйте тренажеры для укрепления сердечно-сосудистой системы. Проводите кросс-тренировки. Танцуйте ночи напролет. Упражняйтесь, делайте это в двойном объеме.


Negative self-talk, or berating yourself, can lead to increased anxiety and other negative emotions. Knowing these personal consequences can help you identify why you need to change your negative self-talk and motivate you toward positive self-talk.  Consider the ways that your negative self-talk impacts you: Does it make you feel depressed, angry, or stressed? Does your negative self-talk lead to outcomes such as not being able to focus, eating or drinking too much, or treating others badly? Use an Activating Event, Beliefs, and Consequences (ABC) worksheet to log and understand the consequences. Make three columns on a piece of paper or on a spreadsheet. Label one column, "Activating Event," the second column, "Beliefs," and the third, "Consequences."  Under the Activating Event column, write down your answers to the following questions: What was happening just before you started to feel this way? What were you doing? Who were you with? Where were you? When was it? Under the Beliefs column, fill in your responses to: What was going through my mind at that time? What did this say or mean about me? What was the worst thing that could happen?" Under the Consequences column, record your replies to: Describe your emotion in one word and rate its intensity from 0% to 100%. What did you feel in your body? What did you do? What did you feel like doing? Self-talk is basically what you say to yourself either out loud or in your own head (through thoughts). Negative self-talk, or berating yourself, can actually cause you to perform worse in certain situations (such as competitive sports). Make a list of common negative things you say to yourself in certain situations. For example, maybe you sometimes drop something and say to yourself, "I’m so stupid." Or, perhaps you wake up late for work and say to yourself, "I always do this! I can’t get anything right." These are examples of ways you might berate yourself. To create a thought diary, you can log the answers to the following questions:  Describe the situation. What,...

TL;DR in Russian:

Определите последствия своего негативного внутреннего диалога. Создайте опись своего негативного внутреннего диалога. Ведите дневник негативных мыслей внутреннего голоса, чтобы организовать свои идеи.


Negative thinking is one of the biggest obstacles towards achieving your goals. If you are constantly thinking that you don't have what it takes, that your dreams are too far away, then you aren't going to achieve them.  When negative thoughts enter your mind, acknowledge them and send them on their way. For example, if you think "I'm never going to achieve my goal to get published by thirty" acknowledge the thought and change it to "I'm working hard to get published by thirty, but if that doesn't happen, it doesn't mean I am a failure." Don’t compare yourself to others and whether they're achieving their dreams. There are always going to be people who are closer to fulfilling their dreams than you are. Respect them for the work they've put it and focus on putting work in on your own dreams. Eliminate people from your life who try to puncture your dreams. From early childhood children are told that they can't do this or that or the other. Ignore these voices of negativity. For example: if you wanted to go into space as a child, you can. It's hard work, but it is definitely possible if you put in hard work. The sharper you keep your mind the easier you will find it to overcome obstacles and achieve your dreams. Learning doesn't just have to be book-learning or school-learning. It can be cooking, fixing cars, or learning a new language.  You can find free online classes for all kinds of subjects, including languages. Programs like Open University provide free online classes for subjects ranging from Medieval studies to mathematics and sciences. Libraries, museums, and universities often have free, or minimal fee, lectures on all kinds of topics. Even if you don't know much about the subject, or haven't heard about it, try out a lecture. You may discover a new passion or a new dream. The sharper and healthier you keep your brain, the more likely you are to have the drive and the mental capacity to fulfill your dreams. People who keep learn tend to find it easier to find creative solutions to obstacles that may...

TL;DR in Russian:

Избавьтесь от негатива. Продолжайте учиться. Учитесь на своих ошибках. Усердно работайте. Обращайтесь за помощью.


Negative thoughts do nothing to improve your self-image. Spend a day or two actively reflecting upon how often you think about your body. How often do you think or say something negative about your body? How often do you have positive thoughts? Chances are, you are far more critical than positive. Consider keeping a tally in a journal, note-pad, or on your phone for this task. Carry a notebook with you when possible and quickly jot down each negative thought that comes up. Include whether or not the negative thought was related to the way you might have looked. At the end of the day, you will likely be amazed at how much more negative you are throughout at single day than you realized. While this may be difficult in the beginning, it's an important part of accepting your body. As soon as you notice yourself starting to have a negative thought, replace it with something positive about yourself. Give yourself time to get into the habit of thinking positively. Try starting each day by thinking a few positive thoughts. Remind yourself of these thoughts throughout the day when you start feeling critical of yourself. For example, you might say, "I really like the way this new haircut makes me feel." Try to cut back or stop engaging with television shows, movies, magazines, or blogs that present an unrealistic or negative depiction of the body. Remind yourself that a majority of photos circulating the internet and magazine subscriptions have been altered to make the models pictured  appear more in line with standard notions of beauty and sexuality. Psychologists are worried that with this trend's increase over the last 20 years, such images are creating unrealistic ideals regarding what a body should look like. Don’t allow yourself to be sucked in by these empty caricatures with no reference in the real world. Many CBT techniques used by psychologists focus on the present and short-term using goals as therapy. While it's best to see a therapist for CBT, you can begin to practice it on your own. When you notice a...

TL;DR in Russian:

Подумайте, как много времени вы посвящаете негативным мыслям о своем теле. Замените негативные мысли позитивными. Избегайте негативных образов в средствах массовой информации. Найдите психотерапевта, который использует метод когнитивно-поведенческой терапии. Не позволяйте негативно настроенным людям влиять на вас. Общайтесь с разными людьми.


Neither of you are perfect. Unmet expectations tend to frustrate everyone. If your expectations are truly too high or unrealistic, then you need to set standards that are obtainable. For example, it is unfair to expect lavish possessions and have the love of your life home for every meal. If you want more together time, then be prepared to have that desire fulfilled at some expense.  Remember that no relationship is perfect. If you expect to get along with your spouse and be happy 100% of the time, it won't work out for you. Have realistic financial expectations, too. Maybe you and your spouse aren't as far along financially as you hoped you'd be five or ten years down the line -- that's perfectly normal. Work on appreciating what you do have instead of expecting more. Accept them as they are and let them know that you would never want them to change in any way for you. They have so much to offer you if only you give them the space to be themselves. They are a growing individual, just like you are. Love them for who they are, and they'll love you unconditionally in return.  Accept that you and your spouse are not the same person. They won't always see the world the same way that you do, and that's a good thing. Being with someone who isn't exactly like you will make your relationship richer. There's a difference between asking your spouse to clean up more around the house and making them become a hiking fanatic when they hate the outdoors. You can ask them to improve in different areas, but you can't force them to like all of the same things you do. You will experience crises together, from the loss of a job to the death of a parent. You may suffer financial hardship, or you may find yourselves unexpectedly wealthy and unsure of what to do. Your marriage can survive the changes if you're willing to keep communicating and being flexible. Here are some things to keep in mind as you learn to accept change:  Remember that whatever changes happen, you and your spouse are dealing with them as a team, not as people...

TL;DR in Russian:

Стройте реалистичные ожидания. Не пытайтесь изменить вашего мужа. Принимайте перемены. Признайте, что с появлением детей отношения меняются. Смиритесь с вашими взаимными ошибками.


Neither personality type is better nor worse than the other. During current times, extroverted qualities tend to be lauded as people clamber up the corporate ladder, and in many places, announcing one's presence loudly and selling one's skills to the world is considered to be an essential part of succeeding in competitive job and sales arenas, something many introverts find challenging (although not impossible). However, quiet personalities are as valid and important as their noisier counterparts, they just don't like taking center stage as often. What tends to occur however, is that some people are more extroverted and others are more introverted, with some "central flexibility" where the two traits cross over. The trait may be evident in just some situations, or in any situation, depending on the individual. Each person is made up of many aspects, with introversion or extroversion being two parts of a greater whole. However, what does happen is that you have a tendency for either one or the other trait and this in turn affects how you balance your time, your social interactions and your recharging needs.  Expression of the extent of introversion is situationally dependent. Some people are at the extremes of either introversion or extroversion. Life can be a lot harder for these people than those who have a more "balanced" leaning towards either tendency. That doesn't mean they are not "normal", it does mean they are more likely to experience problems in social contexts where people carry certain expectations of "typical" behavior and interaction. The term "ambiverts" is used for persons who display fairly equal amounts of both introversion and extroversion. However, this may just be that the person is either one or the other but is moderate in the expression of the more dominant trait, yet feels comfortable with expressing both. While neat boxes are often tempting to apply, the human personality is far too complex for such an approach. Both with yourself, and with others, avoid the tendency to think that...

TL;DR in Russian:

Не думайте, что интроверты хуже или лучше остальных людей. Знайте, что у каждого человека есть качества как экстраверта, так и интроверта. Не делайте выводов о человеке на основании его интроверсии или экстраверсии. Не считайте интровертов асоциальными людьми. Знайте, что возраст может оказывать воздействие на проявления интроверсии и экстраверсии.


Neon tetras need at least an aquarium that will hold at least 10 gallons (38 L) of fresh water. This will provide enough space for hiding and swimming. Estimate about 10 gallons (38 L) for every 24 fish you want to keep. Do this a few weeks before bring your tetras home. This will clean the aquarium and remove any harmful bacteria that could kill your fish. Buy a water testing kit at the pet store. Make sure the water reads 0 parts per million (ppm) of ammonia (NH3), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrate (NO3-) before adding your fish. To cycle your tank, fill the tank with fresh water and run the filter. Add enough NH3 to raise its measurement to 2 ppm. Test the water daily and keep track of how long it takes for the NH3 to break down into NO2-. As NO2- levels rise, add more NH3 to bring them down. Eventually, the process will encourage the growth of NO3-forming bacteria. This will cause the NO2- level to fall. Continue to test the water until all three compounds fall to 0 ppm. Neon tetras are small, delicate fish whose bodies can get sucked into a filter with deadly results. Use mesh or foam to cover the intake. This will protect your fish while allowing the filter to regulate the bacteria in the water. In the wild, neon tetras are used to waters rich in plant life. Install aquatic or semi-aquatic plants from the pet store. Leaf litter and driftwood will also replicate tetras' natural habitats. Plants and driftwood also provide tetras with the hiding places they enjoy in the wild. Tetras thrive in mildly acidic water, with a pH of about 5.5 to 6.8. Buy pH testing strips in your local pet supply store. Follow the instructions on the label to properly read the test results. Test the pH each time you change the water. If you want to breed your tetras, keep the pH slightly lower, between 5.0 and 6.0. Buy nylon pantyhose and a bag of organic peat (also known as sphagnum moss) from your local big box store. After washing your hands, stuff the peat into the foot of the panty hose. Tie off the hose after it's stuffed and cut...

TL;DR in Russian:

Приобретите просторный аквариум. Запустите в аквариуме жизненный цикл еще до подселения рыб. Обезопасьте всасывающее отверстие фильтра. Посадите в аквариум растения. Отслеживайте уровень pH. Используйте торфяной мох, чтобы при необходимости понизить уровень pH. Приглушите аквариумную подсветку. Контролируйте температуру. Регулярно чистите аквариум.


Neon tetras need to be in groups of six or more. Otherwise they'll get stressed and become ill. Avoid adding larger carnivorous fish whose diets might include tetras. Some acceptable tankmates include other tetras, algae-eating fish like otos and cories, and African dwarf frogs. You'll have to buy an additional tank, if you don't have one already. Keep them in the quarantine tank for at least two weeks. This will prevent contagious diseases like Neon Tetra Disease and Ich. Neon tetras are omnivorous fish that live primarily on insects in the wild. Feed them wingless fruit flies and live or freeze-dried bloodworms. You should also supply them with algae (live or in wafer form), live or freeze-dried brine shrimp, and fish pellets. Collect these foods in the wild or buy them in a pet supply store.  From time to time, tetras need frozen peas that have been thawed and shelled. This will aid in digestion. Neon tetras may be scared to come up and eat, or they may not notice their food. If they aren't eating, use a dropper to put the food near them.

TL;DR in Russian:

Обеспечьте неонам наличие соседей по аквариуму. Устраивайте карантин для вновь приобретаемых рыб. Кормите рыб разнообразным кормом 2–3 раза в день.


Nerf wars are usually more fun in large, outdoor areas, such as parks and playgrounds, but if you have access to a large, indoor space or backyard, consider them as well. Make sure the location you select has the following features:  The area should be clear of other people, especially young children. Restrooms should be available nearby. Water fountains and places to buy food are optional, but recommended. Cover for people to hide behind. Almost any location besides an open field will have this. You can also bring some barrels or even inflatable cover if you have a portable air compressor. Most Nerf wars are played in public spaces, and you may arrive to find the location already in use. Plan around this in advance by looking for a backup location within walking distance.  Some public spaces can be reserved in advance through your local community center or school, but this is not always possible. If both locations are occupied, politely ask the people present when they will be done. Don't pressure them into leaving, and don't begin the Nerf war until they have left. Plan the Nerf war at least three weeks in advance, especially if you are trying to recruit new people. Choose a time slot about four hours long if you are holding a typical nerf war. If you are recruiting more than twenty people or planning for a special occasion, you might plan a longer Nerf war, but eight hours is an exhausting upper limit.  Remember to include meal breaks if necessary. Allow at least half an hour if people are bringing their own lunches, and at least an hour if people plan to eat at restaurants or hold a potluck picnic. Pick a time to start wrapping up, at least fifteen minutes before the official end of the war. This lets everyone help gather darts and clean up together, and avoids irritating parents who don't want to wait around for this to happen. You can have a Nerf war with three or four players, but if you're doing all this planning in advance, you probably have a bigger event in mind. Start contacting your friends as...

TL;DR in Russian:

Выберите место. Выберите запасную территорию неподалеку. Выберите дату и время. Набор Nerf воинов. Определитесь с правилами, которые вы будете использовать. Скажите всем о снаряжении для безопасности и допустимых видах оружия. Решите, сколько игр вы проведете:


Nero is notoriously inefficient at burning dual-layer video DVDs, because it does not handle the layer break well. This is the spot in the disc where the reader moves from the first layer to the second layer. You will need a program more capable of handling this correctly, such as ImgBurn. In order to burn a dual-layer video DVD, you will need your video file on your computer formatted into the VIDEO_TS folder format. This occurs when you rip a DVD, or copy an unprotected DVD from the disc to your hard drive. Click the Mode menu, and then select Build. Click the small “Browse for a Folder” button to open the file browser. Navigate to your VIDEO_TS folder and click OK. This will ensure that the video will fit onto the disc when you burn it. This will open the layer break selector. ImgBurn will rate all of the available options. Choose the option with the highest rating to ensure the smoothest possible transition between layers. The burn process will begin. Dual-layer DVDs can take a long time to burn, so you may have to wait awhile. Once the process is complete, watch the video in a DVD player to test it out.

TL;DR in Russian:

Загрузите более эффективную для таких случаев программу. Откройте OpenBurn. Нажмите на кнопку калькулятора. Нажмите на кнопку “Build”.


Nerve tissue extends outwards from the brain and spinal cord, and is necessary for sending important messages all through the body. A pinched nerve in the hip happens when there is overstretching or compression in the midsection of the body. Since this area is responsible for numerous bodily movements, any injury to the nerves in the hip can result in a lot of pain and discomfort. . The most common symptoms of a compressed or pinched nerve include the following:   Numbness or tingling: Irritation may be experienced in the affected area. In severe cases, loss of sensation in the compressed nerve may be felt.  Pain: A throbbing or radiating pain may be felt at the location of the pinched nerve.  “Pins and needles”: Afflicted individuals may suffer from a burning "pins and needles" sensation in the compressed nerve.  Weakness:  Inability to perform certain activities may be experienced with the advancement of a pinched nerve.  Muscle Wasting: This usually occurs in the later stages of an injury. It's always best to compare the affected area with the opposite normal area to see if there is any difference in muscle size. If you find that there is a difference, see your physician immediately. A pinched nerve is caused by compression or pressure on the nerve as a result of several factors such as:   Repetitive motions: Overuse of certain parts of the body may cause too much pressure on the nerve, causing it to become compressed.  Maintaining one position for an extended amount of time: Keeping the body in a particular pose for an extended period of time can lead to a pinched nerve. The chances of acquiring a pinched nerve are increased by the following risk factors:   Heredity: Some individuals are genetically predisposed to developing a pinched nerve.  Obesity: Excess body weight can add pressure to the nerves.  Osteoarthritis: This illness causes bone spurs, which may cause the nerves to be compressed.  Overuse: Repetitive movements of certain parts of the body may increase the likelihood of developing a pinched...

TL;DR in Russian:

Знайте, что из себя представляет защемление нерва. Знайте симптомы защемления нерва Знайте причины защемления нерва. Знайте факторы риска развития защемления нерва. Знайте, как диагностировать защемление нерва.


Nerves in your brain control your body’s clock, known as your circadian rhythm. This rhythm is established by following a predictable routine, which is why you are able to wake up at the same time on the weekend as you are during the week if all factors are equal. So the best way to adjust your sleep cycle is to be consistent and make it a routine.  Take care not to deprive yourself of sleep. There are many studies about the dangers of sleep deprivation so talk to your medical professional before attempting to change your sleep schedule for a long period of time.  More sleep isn't always healthier than less sleep. Scientists don’t know whether sleeping longer is a symptom of poor health or the cause of it. Consult your health professional to see if there is a deeper concern as to why you are staying in bed longer such as sleep apnea or depression. If you stay up later than normal because you don’t feel tired, don’t force yourself to sleep but rather let your body adjust naturally. Eventually, you'll be tired earlier and will be able to easily fall asleep at an earlier time. Your body will naturally regulate your sleep schedule. Don’t feel frustrated if you can’t fall asleep because you might develop insomnia from becoming anxious at the thought of not being able to fall asleep. Trust that your new cycle with set itself. Each of us have different capacities at which we can function with little to no sleep. Some of us can be fully alert with just 4 hours of sleep while others need more than 8.  Calculate how much time you will need to get enough sleep to perform the task you want and set your night’s schedule accordingly. For example, if you want to wake up to catch a meteor shower at 3am and know you are able to function with only 4 hours of sleep, get into bed around 10:30pm. If you're just waking up in the middle of the night for a specific one-time event, planning exactly when you should go to bed is smart. But if you're trying to adjust your sleep cycle for a longer period of time, let your new cycle come...

TL;DR in Russian:

Начните просыпаться в одно и то же время в течение месяца. Ложитесь спать, когда чувствуете усталость, и вставайте в одно и то же время каждый день. Планируйте свой ночной режим.


Nests are designed by queens and built by workers in early spring, and the colonies grow throughout the late spring and early summer until reaching peak size somewhere around August. The end of summer also finds wasps at their most aggressive and protective, making it a dangerous time to try to get rid of them.  Early in the year, the nests are smaller and more manageable. Get in the habit of patrolling the area around your home for wasp nests in the early season, before they've grown to dangerous sizes. If you kill the queen, there will also be no risk of the nest being rebuilt that year. If it's late in the season, it's probably best to wait it out and let the frost kill off the pests in the next 30-60 days. Then, you can knock the empty nests down to ensure that they won't be repopulated next year. Anytime you go hunting around for wasps, you need to keep yourself well protected. You probably don't need a full-on chemical protection suit, but taking a few steps in precaution can keep you from coming home with nasty stings if you get swarmed.  You need to wear thick, long sleeves and pants, heavy gloves, a hood that covers as much of your face as possible, and eye protection. Even if it's super hot outside, don't skimp on the layers and the thickness of the clothing. If you get swarmed by wasps, it's important to not over-think it: run as quickly as possible away from the wasps. While some people report that swinging articles of clothing or turning abrupt corners can be effective at shaking a swarm, the best way to get away is to run as fast as possible and get inside. If you're having a consistent problem with wasps in your area, it can be quite frustrating. But don't keep swatting them one at a time. Get rid of them at the source and get them away from your home. Find the nest and kill the nest and your problem will solve itself. Yellow-jacket nests are quite small, while wasp nests will be somewhat larger and more bulbous, like a papery football.  Wasps tend to build their nests in loose piles of wood,...

TL;DR in Russian:

Избавляйтесь от гнезд в начале года. Борясь с осами, защищайте себя, чтобы уберечься от укусов этих насекомых. Если осы постоянно появляются около вашего дома, не уничтожайте их по одной. Найдя гнездо, важно быстро и безопасно избавиться от него. Инсектицидная пыль – это надежное и долгосрочное средство для борьбы с осами, которое сохраняет свою эффективность в течение шести месяцев. Мыльная вода является в некотором роде примитивным средством, но оно эффективно борется с целыми осиными гнездами. Воспользуйтесь дымом и водой, чтобы выкурить ос из гнезда.


Nests are often under decks, eaves and in trees. Although tree nests are usually abandoned after one year, house nests may house an overwintering queen and host the nest next year. There is some risk in destroying a hornet’s nest, so it’s best done with protective garments. Call a professional if the hornets have access to the inside of your house. If they have made their nest in window cracks, foundation cracks, floorboards or any other house areas, you should not apply wasp killer. Unless you have a protective hood and suit, this is the best way to avoid being stung. Hornets and wasps return to the nest at nightfall and they are less active. This means you have a better chance of killing the majority of the nest. Get away from the area for the next few hours and encourage family members and pests to do the same. Hornets can sense when their nest is in danger, so it’s best to do this when there is very little noticeable activity. If you don’t see any activity, you may have killed the wasps. As soon as it looks abandoned, you should try to scrape it from the house, submerge it in water and throw it away.  If there is still activity, spray it again. Use thick leather gloves and clothes when handling a nest or spraying a hornet’s nest. It will give you some protection against stings. Make sure the bowl seals airtight to the ground. Look for other entrances and repeat with another bowl. Set the bowl there for at least two weeks to ensure the colony starves before you lift it off. Place the trap away from human contact and hang it two to four feet above the ground. Leave the trap in the area for at least two days.  Make a trap by cutting the top off a two-liter bottle. Attach some string or wire to the sides so that it can hang from a tree. Drop the top inside the bottle, where it should catch on the sides. Pour a sweet substance, such as juice or sugar water through the funnel. Hang it in your tree. Wasps will enter and be unable to exit. Empty and clean the trap every three weeks at nighttime. Make sure there...

TL;DR in Russian:

Постарайтесь проследить за полетом шершня, чтобы обнаружить гнездо. Попробуйте вызвать экстерминатора, если у вас в саду много гнезд, или если они находятся в труднодоступных местах. Приобретите специальный спрей-аэрозоль от шершней. Дождитесь наступления темноты. Перед применением средства обязательно прочитайте инструкции по применению. Проверьте, если из гнезда продолжают появляться насекомые. Если гнездо находится на земле, то накройте его большой миской. Сделайте или купите ловушку от шершней.