The abstract is a very short summary of the paper, usually no more than 200 words. Base the structure of your abstract on the structure of your paper. This will allow the reader to see in short form the purpose, results, and significance of the experiment.   The purpose of this short summary is to provide the reader with enough information on the experiment that they can see if they want or need to read the entire report. The abstract helps them determine if your research is relevant to them. Devote a sentence to describing the purpose of the project and its significance. Then, very briefly describe the materials and methods used. Follow up with a 1-2 sentence description of the results of the experiment. You might also provide a list of keywords listing subjects related to your research. Begin with a short outline or review of related literature or experiments. Then, outline or summarize the theoretical background of the issue. Next, provide a statement about the problem or question that this research has raised. Summarize your project and discuss how it addresses the problem or question. Finally, briefly explain your experiment, but save the details for the materials and methods or analysis section of your paper. The introduction will outline what the experiment is, why it was done, and why it is important. It must provide the reader with two key pieces of information: what is the question the experiment is supposed to answer and why is answering this question important. This is an educated and well-articulated explanation of the expected results of your research known as a hypothesis. Your hypothesis should go into your introduction, near the end.  A research hypothesis should be a brief statement that pares down your problem that you described in your introduction into something that is testable and falsifiable. Scientists must create a hypothesis from which an experiment can reasonably be designed and carried out. A hypothesis is never proved in an experiment, only "verified" or "supported". correctly....

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Начните с аннотации. Напишите введение. Решите, какими должны быть ожидаемые результаты. Корректно сформулируйте гипотезу.


The acidic, anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties in some vegetables and fruits allow them to lighten the skin naturally.  Potatoes, cucumbers and lemons are three that can help eliminate dark skin under the arms.   Potato - Thinly slice a potato and rub a slice on the dark area. Or, you can grate some of the potato to release the "juice."  Apply this juice to your underarms, let it dry 10 minutes and rinse.  Cucumber - Just as you did with the potato, you can rub cucumber slices on the affected area or grate some of the cucumber and use the juice.  You can go a step further and add a few drops of lemon juice and some turmeric (enough to make a paste) to the cucumber juice.  Apply the paste, wait a half hour and wash off.  Lemon - Rub a thick slice of lemon on the dark area; the fruit will remove dead skin cells and lighten the skin.  Follow-up by washing and, if necessary, applying moisturizer.  (With continued use, lemons can dry out the skin).  Add a small amount of tumeric, plain yogurt or honey to lemon juice to make a paste that can be left on for 10 minutes and then rinsed clean.  Egg oil - Gently massage egg oil on the dark area and leave on overnight; the omega-3 in egg oil promote re-epithelisation (new skin cells) which make the skin smooth and light. Wash in the morning with a pH balanced soap or body wash. The single most important thing you can do to prevent or treat dark underarms is to moisturize the area at least twice a day. Prefer to use natural moisturisers like aloe vera, lecithin etc. Dark underarms may be caused by dead skin cells that have accumulated there, so exfoliating can reduce the dark appearance of the skin.   Sugar - Mix a cup of brown sugar with 3 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil. Apply to wet skin for a minute or two during a shower or bath and rinse.  Try using the mixture twice a week when you bathe.  Baking soda - Make a thick baking soda-and-water paste to use as a scrub.  After scrubbing, rinsing and drying the area, you can apply a dusting of baking powder to the skin...

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Попробуйте природное отбеливающее средство. Увлажняйте. Отшелушивайте. Попробуйте жидкое средство. Приготовьте отбеливающее средство. Откажитесь от бритья в пользу удаления волос воском. Перейдите на натуральный дезодорант.


The action could be something dramatic, such as the protagonist in a perilous situation or a glimpse into a later scene in the novel where things are more fast-paced. You could also just use something small to set the hero off on a perilous journey as they are going about their normal routine.  Don't forget to also include setting details as you go along, so your reader knows where the story is set. For example, The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown opens with the dramatic death of a Louvre curator, instantly drawing the reader in. One way to introduce your suspects is to have them interact with the victim before the victim dies; the detective will need to witness this introduction. Another option is to have a witness or a connected person name possible suspects to the detective.  For instance, the detective may witness the suspect and victim having an argument before the victim dies. Alternatively, maybe the detective asks a neighbor, "Can you think of anyone who had issues with the victim?" The neighbor might say, "Well, let's see. I have seen a young man visiting late at night when her husband was out of town. I suppose he might be involved somehow." A murder mystery is a fast-paced story. It shouldn't drag, so if you haven't introduced your crime by the third chapter, you're probably going to lose readers. As you try your hand at writing a murder mystery, you may realize that you don't actually know that much about killing a person. That's perfectly normal, but you should do some research to make the scene more realistic.  For instance, stabbing someone isn't as easy as it sounds. It's actually pretty difficult to force a knife into someone, especially someone who's struggling not to die. Keep in mind that most "amateur" killers are going to make mistakes. They aren't trained to kill, and most people don't even know how to land a killing blow. What that means is things are going to be messy. Put some thought into how someone gets rid of a body. A body is hard to move, plus it's pretty conspicuous. It's also...

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Начните с действия, чтобы завлечь читателя. Представляйте подозреваемых с помощью взаимодействий и диалогов. Добавьте преступление в одну из первых трех глав. Поработайте над реалистичностью в сцене убийства.


The actual steps for making your own account are quite simple. Go to Etsy.com, click ‘register’, and fill in the blanks. The tricky part is coming up with a suitable username for the long haul. This will become your identity on Etsy. It will also be part of your URL (username.etsy.com) and your brand. Choose carefully because it cannot be changed later.  Make sure your username is easy to spell so that you don’t have difficulty referring people to it. You can capitalize the first letter of each word if you want. It won't affect the url or your login, but makes it look nicer when people come to your page. You may not always sell the same type of item or craft, so try not to make your shop name too specific. If you originally name your account “Yarnworks” but later stop knitting and begin selling jewelry instead, it will be confusing to customers. Etsy automatically sets everyone up as a buyer, so you must change your account settings so that you can sell things as well. Log into your account, click the ‘sell’ tab at the top of the page and then ‘get started’  on the following page. You will just need to enter in a valid credit card to complete the process. When buyers visit your Etsy shop, they will be directed to your ‘storefront’. This is the front page of your shop, from which you are allowed to add text, a banner, and personal information about your shop. Having an attractive storefront will significantly increase your chances of making a sale, so make sure that yours looks professional.  Design a banner to go across the front of your shop with your shop name. Make sure that it is professional and relevant to the products you sell. Fill out your “about the seller” tab. Include a small photo and some personal information about you or your shop. Giving buyers the opportunity to know who is making the products they are viewing will encourage them to support you. Before you can begin listing your items, you must know prices you want to sell them for. The best way to determine an accurate price is to input...

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Создайте учетную запись. Смените вашу учетную запись покупателя на учетную запись продавца. Настройте витрину. Определите цены на свои товары. Сделайте хорошие фотографии. Выработайте политику магазина. Добавьте подходящие тэги. Создайте бизнес-план. Выработайте график.


The add photo button looks different on different phone operating systems. Touch the image placeholder button.   Click here for instructions on how to use an existing photo. In order to add a profile photo, you'll need a working Internet connection. On iPhone, touch OK to give WhatsApp access to your camera.  If you have a touchscreen phone, use your fingers to move the image inside the circle. Pinch and zoom to change the image's size. The photo you took appears in the profile circle. Take another photo or choose an existing photo for your profile image.

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Сделайте свою фотографию. Нажмите на соответствующую кнопку, чтобы сделать фотографию. Сделайте свой снимок или снимок чего-то еще, что вам нравится, что вы хотели бы использовать в качестве изображения профиля. Переместите или масштабируйте изображение. Нажмите «Готово» («Done»). Чтобы изменить изображение, просто коснитесь его, а затем нажмите кнопку «Редактировать» («Edit»).


The add photo button looks different on different phone operating systems. Touch the image placeholder button. In order to add a profile photo, you'll need a working Internet connection. On iPhone, touch OK to give WhatsApp access to your photos.  If you have a touchscreen phone, use your fingers to move the image inside the circle. Pinch and zoom to change the image's size.

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Используйте существующее изображение в качестве изображения профиля. Нажмите на существующую фотографию или на кнопку загрузки. Выберите фотографию профиля. Переместите или отмасштабируйте изображение. Коснитесь кнопки выбора или кнопки «Готово», чтобы выбрать изображение.


The adrenaline rush you experience when doing something novel or challenging gets your heart racing and is similar to how you feel when you get a crush on someone. The best part about this is, she will associate the feeling of excitement with you  and it may help create a heightened sense of romantic interest in you .  Not only are couples who engage in exciting activities significantly happier in their long-term relationships , but being in an excited state of mind also increases sexual arousal in the short-term as well.  Go on some rides together before you are alone together. Ski, hike, dance or to a concert—anything that will get the adrenaline flowing for both of you. Evening often works the best because dim lights and darkness has been found to increase attraction, communication and connection, physical contact and sexual arousal. Plus, special or new surroundings are sure to make the kiss more memorable. The location might be outside under the stars, in a candle-lit restaurant or a dark gym during lunch, but make sure the two of you have some privacy. She may not want an audience. While you will want to dress in clean clothes, brush your hair and look good for your date, don’t forget to pay special attention to your oral hygiene. Brush your teeth, and don’t eat anything strong or stinky like garlic before and during your date.  You can also bring along breath mints or gum just in case.  You’ll want your lips to be soft, so bring along some lip balm or chap-stick as well. Wear red. It makes men seem more attractive and sexually desirable.

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Попробуйте сделать вместе что-нибудь захватывающее и волнительное. Выберите подходящее место и время, которое задаст правильное настроение. Обратите внимание на свой внешний вид.


The adult flea only visits its host to feed, so for every flea you see on the pet, it is estimated that another 20 are living off the animal in her bedding, the carpet, and the sofa.  It is also important to be aware that the female flea lays her eggs on soft furnishings such as carpet and upholstery. These eggs are very hardy and, in the absence of a suitable host, can lie dormant for years. Once the eggs hatch, the flea larvae and pupae will develop in carpet or bedding, feeding off dirt in order to complete their life cycle and become adults. As a result, it is necessary to kill off any eggs or larvae hidden in the dog's bedding, or the carpeting and sofa, otherwise the mother dog or puppies could easily become reinfected. As explained in the step above, the environment in which the puppy lives is likely to be rich with flea eggs, larvae and pupae waiting to mature into the next generation of fleas. Therefore, this bedding needs to be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected in order to fully eliminate the fleas.  Flea eggs have an extremely tough protective shell, so putting the bedding through the washing machine will not be enough to eliminate them. Use an anti-flea spray or bombs that contains insecticide. The insecticide will find its way into remote corners of the bedding where flea eggs, larvae and pupae may be hiding. Use the insecticide according to the instructions on the packaging. Once you have applied the insecticide and given it time to take effect, you will need to put it through a very hot cycle in the washing machine to remove any residual insecticide (that could harm the puppies) and wash away dead eggs, larvae and fleas. Finally, you will need to kill any fleas living in carpeting or any other soft furnishings. To do this, you should use a permethrin-based insecticidal spray, such as Staykill or RIP fleas.  The manufacturers of these sprays recommend vacuuming prior to spraying. This loosens up the pile of the carpet and helps the spray to penetrate more deeply. In addition, the vibration from...

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Узнайте больше о жизненном цикле блохи. Вымойте спальное место щенка, чтобы убить блох. Используйте спрей с инсектицидом, чтобы убить блох в ковре и тканевых поверхностях.


The advantage of faking a mild concussion is that you won’t have to limp or use crutches or a sling like you would with a leg or arm injury. Instead, you’ll have to show your injury through the way you talk and react to certain things. Faking a concussion will also mean that you’ll be spending a lot of time by yourself as you pretend to go through the recovery process. Doctors often recommend that people suffering from a concussion take time off from work or school, or that they shorten their school or workdays. Explain this to your employer or your school and ask for some time off. If you can’t take full days off, work for only half a day or take breaks throughout the day.  You can also ask for a reduced workload at school or work. You’ll also need to avoid physical activity for a few weeks. A concussion is typically caused by a blow to the head, and is often caused by contact sports like football or soccer. If you don’t play a sport, though, you can say you got a concussion from knocking your head against a wall on accident, or falling and bumping it against the floor. a few times a day. Hold your head and grimace slightly in pain a few times a day. Talk less than usual, rub your forehead a bit, and close your eyes to show that your head hurts.  Headaches are often caused by light or loud noises, so you can fake one when you’re in bright light or somewhere noisy, like a restaurant or at lunchtime at school. Don’t ham it up too much, or people won’t take you seriously. Keep your signs of a headache subtle and simple, mentioning it only once every few days or when someone asks. A concussion often comes along with difficulty sleeping at night. Act subdued or tired during the day and complain of your fatigue to your co-workers, classmates, or friends if they ask how you’re feeling. If you’re trying to fake a mild concussion to someone who lives with you, toss and turn a lot when you’re getting to sleep or even set a quiet alarm to get up during the night. Try to appear scattered at work or at school by letting...

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Сымитируйте легкое сотрясение, чтобы избежать демонстрации явных физических симптомов. Позвоните на работу или в школу и отпроситесь на несколько дней. Скажите, что вы получили сотрясение, когда ударились головой или неудачно упали. Имитируйте головную боль Жалуйтесь на беспокойный сон. Ведите себя так, как будто бы вам трудно концентрироваться. Говорите мягче и надевайте очки при ярком свете. Не имитируйте серьезное сотрясение.


The advantages of publishing through a website include:  Little overhead; the costs that go into writing and editing the book are the same costs that go into publishing it. Making an e-book doesn't cost much extra. If you hit it big, you hit it big. E-book publishers such as Kindle Direct Publishing let the author keep 70% of the total revenue of the book, meaning that if your book blows up and you price it competitively, you could be in for a windfall.  You keep all of your rights. You don't have to give up your rights to a publisher who may not have your best interests in mind. The disadvantages of publishing through a website include:  You're responsible for all the marketing and advertising yourself. The publisher won't market or advertise for you, usually. Competitive pricing. E-books can cost as little as cents, meaning that you'll have to sell a lot of books in order to make publishing profitable over the long term. Online publishers such as Smashwords, Kindle Direct Publishing, PubIt (Barnes & Noble), or Kobo's Writing Life  will let you self publish your book for free in e-book format. You will need this to upload your book and manage all the details involved. Many of these format from familiar word processing programs, or you can hire someone to format the document for you. Once you finish the categories listed by the website, choose to finish publishing and your book is printed. You are now a published author!

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Изучите преимущества публикации через сайт. Изучите минусы публикации через сайт. Опубликуйте книгу в сети. Установите программу и создайте учетную запись. Загрузите готовую книгу.


The advent of a wide range of smoking-cessation medications has offered many new options for those seeking to quit, but for most people, support networks and professional assistance seem to be critical factors.  Quitting is as much of a psychological as it is a physical task, and proper guidance, motivation, and encouragement is essential to success for most people.  It is essential that you surround yourself with the right people at this time.  Seek out supportive friends and family who understand your desire to quit and will offer you encouragement and even constructive criticism as warranted.  You will probably need to stay away from many of your old “stomping grounds” and normal leisure activities for at least a while, as you may associate these with smoking.  Make sure your friends and family can support such changes.   How to Quit Smoking offers more information on the need for support, as well as more detailed information on quitting smoking in general.  This WikiHow article on quitting also offers a helpful array of advice regarding the need for internal and external emotional support when you want to stop smoking. There is no “one-size-fits-all” approach to smoking cessation, but some methods seem to be more likely to succeed than others.  According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, a combination of counseling plus medication offers the best chance for success.  This is followed by use of medications alone — including Chantix and nicotine patches, gums, sprays, etc. — and counseling and support alone. Accept that your initial attempt(s) to quit will quite possibly fail, no matter how highly-recommended your approach and how strong your determination.  An early failure or two does not mean you are weak-willed; it means you are normal.  Keep trying, and know that you can quit — because anyone can quit with the right mix of methods and support. The support of friends and family is essential, but smoking cessation often also requires the help of people trained specifically for the...

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Заручитесь поддержкой других людей. Помните, что то, что подошло кому-то, может не подойти вам. Обратитесь за помощью к психотерапевту. Попробуйте принимать препараты, которые уменьшают тягу к никотину. С осторожностью прибегайте к непроверенным методам. Найдите полезную альтернативу курению. Помните, почему нужно не только бросить курить, но и больше не возвращаться к курению.


The affected ear should be facing up, with your other ear facing the ground. You can make yourself more comfortable by lying down or placing your head against a cushion. It’s best to use an eyedropper to avoid adding too much. It doesn’t matter which option you choose, as all will work. However, saline solution and peroxide are sterile, which means they’re less likely to cause an infection if they get stuck in your ear. Do not put any fluid into your ear if you may have an infection or perforated eardrum. Gravity will pull the fluid down into your ear, where it will soften the wax. It only takes a minute or so for this to happen. Don’t wait longer than a few minutes, as the liquid could travel further into your ear. The loosened wax should start to drain from your ear with the help of gravity. You may want to place a towel under the ear to catch it.  If you’re lying down, simply turn over. As an alternative, you could use a bulb syringe to suck out the loosened wax. The doctor can examine your ear to make sure that it’s just earwax. They can also use a more precise technique to remove the wax, if necessary. If you’ve tried to remove ear wax using items like cotton swabs, then it’s possible that you’ve accidentally made it more compacted. The doctor can help with this.

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Склоните голову набок. Капните в ухо 2–3 капли воды, физраствора или перекиси водорода. Подождите не менее минуты, чтобы жидкость протекла вглубь уха и растворила серу. Наклоните голову в другую сторону, чтобы растворенная сера могла стечь. Обратитесь к врачу, если вышеуказанные действия не снимут заложенность ушей.


The air around you is pressing against you and every other object, with a pressure as high as 101 kPa (14.7 pounds per square inch) when you're at sea level. This would normally be enough to crush a can by itself, or even a person! This doesn't happen because the air inside the soda can (or the material inside your body) is pushing outward with equal pressure, and because the air pressure "cancels itself out" by pushing at us from every direction equally. When the water in the can boils, you can see the water start to escape as little droplets in the air, or steam. Some of the air in the can gets pushed out when this happens, to make room for the expanding cloud of water droplets.  Despite the can losing some of the air inside it, it doesn't get crushed yet, because the water vapor that took the place of the air is pushing from the inside instead. In general, the more you heat a liquid or a gas, the more it expands. If it is an enclosed container so it can't keep expanding, it exerts more pressure. This is known as Gay-Lussac’s Law. When the can is turned upside down in the ice water, the situation changes in two ways. First, the can is no longer open to the air, since water is blocking the opening. Second, the water vapor inside the can rapidly cools down again. The water vapor once again shrinks down to its original volume, the tiny amount of water at the bottom of the can. Suddenly, most of the space inside the can has nothing in it at all – not even air! The air that's been pressing from the outside of the can this whole time suddenly has nothing on the other side to resist it, so it crushes the can inward. Space that has nothing in it is called a vacuum. The appearance of a vacuum, or empty space, inside the can has one other effect besides causing the can to be crushed. Watch the can carefully as you lower it into the water, and again as you lift it out. You might notice a small amount of water getting sucked up into the can, then trickling out again. This is because the water pressure is pushing...

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Узнайте, что такое давление воздуха. Выясните, что происходит, когда вы нагреваете банку с водой. Поймите, как расплющивается банка. Внимательно понаблюдайте за банкой во время эксперимента и откройте еще один эффект.


The air conditioner won’t run properly unless your engine is running.  The best setting for diagnosis is “fresh air” (not recirculated) with the air blowing out of the center vents in the dash and the AC turned on.  Start with the fan speed turned to its highest setting. If your car has a “Max AC” setting, select that option.

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Заведите автомобиль и включите кондиционер.


The alcohol and oil used in this lamp are flammable, and must be treated with care when heating them to get the lava moving. Children should show an adult these instructions and ask for help, and not attempt this on their own. Commercial lava lamps use a proprietary combination of melted waxes. The homemade version doesn't achieve exactly the same look, but after some tweaking your "lava" should bob up and down in similar, gooey glory. You can use any clear, glass container that you can seal tightly and shake. Glass can withstand heat much better than plastic, making it a good choice for a lava lamp. Screw the lid on the jar tightly before you start moving it around. Place the jar on a stable, heat-safe surface, such as a large, upside-down flower pot. This should have enough space underneath it to cover a small lamp.

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Помните — эту лампу следует делать под наблюдением взрослых. Возьмите стеклянную емкость. Поставьте банку на надежную тонкую подставку.


The alkaline properties of baking soda make it ideal for breaking down any acidic residue and restoring the clarity of lenses. When combined, water and baking soda form a thick paste that can be used to remove a scratch while cleaning the glasses. The amount of water and baking soda you should use depends largely on the size and number of scratches on your sunglasses. Start with a tablespoon of water and two tablespoons of baking soda and add more for heavily scratched sunglasses. Stir them together until the mixture turns into a thick paste. Make sure the mixture isn’t too watery as it will be less effective in removing the scratches. Dip a portion of the cotton ball into the water and baking soda paste. You only need a pea-sized amount of the mixture for each scratch. Take the cotton ball and rub it on the scratch in a circular motion for about 10 seconds. This movement will help buff the scratch from the lens. Use cool or room temperature water to wash away the paste. Take extra care to remove the paste from the crevice between the lens and the frame, or any other tiny areas where the paste could seep in. These types of cloths are crucial to ensure your glasses aren’t further scratched in the cleaning process. Consider picking up a pack of Microfiber eyeglass cloth at your local drugstore or supermarket. Use this to wipe away any remaining traces of paste from the lens. Put the sunglasses under a light and carefully look for any remaining damage. Continue to clean the scratch with another cotton ball dipped in the water/baking soda paste if the scratch is still visible on the lens.

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Возьмите воду и пищевую соду. Смешайте в маленькой миске одну часть воды с двумя частями соды. Размешайте воду и пищевую соду. Возьмите ватный шарик. Вотрите пасту в царапину. Смойте смесь с линзы. Протрите линзы мягкой тканью без ворса. Осмотрите линзу.


The alkaline substance will help to neutralize acidic smells from fish, sticky spills and some leftovers. The box of baking soda should be replaced every 30 days, because the top of the baking soda can crust over as it absorbs moisture, limiting its absorption process. Alternatively, you can use a commercial freshening product. It is likely to be emanating from things that have been in there over a week. Clean out your refrigerator every week to avoid "mystery smells". Flush the food down with water for 30 seconds to 2 minutes, to make sure it travels all the way down your pipes. Pulse your disposal with ice cubes and lemon wedges every week to get rid of stuck food, and then rinse thoroughly.

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Для удаления запахов в холодильнике помещайте в него время от времени раскрытую коробку с пищевой содой. Если вы не в состоянии определить, откуда исходит запах, вымойте весь холодильник. Запах может исходить из раковины.


The alkalinity of the baking soda works to open your hair up, letting the clarifying shampoo better strip its color. Use a whisk to work the baking soda and shampoo together. You might want to bump the baking soda up to 3 cups if you have longer than shoulder-length hair. Heat, in conjunction with the baking soda, will greatly open the cuticles of your hair. Do not use cool water, because it will close the cuticle. You can use your hands, or a spatula. Thoroughly cover the dyed hair, so that you don’t end up with mis-matched color. Take care not to get the mixture in your eyes! You might want to use a towel or cloth around your head, to keep the mixture from dripping down toward your face. The duration will depend on how much color you’re looking to remove. Leave it in for longer for more drastic results, but no longer than the recommended 15 minutes. Multiple batches is recommended if 15 minutes doesn’t prove sufficient. As you might need to wash it again—and heat will cause undue strain on your hair—you should only dry a small section of your hair. If the color looks good, then great! If not, you’ll want to mix another batch of baking soda and shampoo and get ready for round 2. If your hair hasn’t sufficiently lightened, you can re-apply for better results. A more powerful mixture can be concocted by adding a tablespoon of hair bleach powder to the original recipe. When handling bleach, be sure to wear gloves. After you’ve finished, avoid any styling that uses heat for a day or two. Both dyeing and “un”dyeing your hair take a toll.

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Смешайте 2 стакана пищевой соды и 1/4 стакана очищающего шампуня в неметаллической емкости. Намочите волосы горячей водой. Вотрите смесь во влажные волосы. Смойте смесь через 5–15 минут. Высушите феном часть волос, чтобы увидеть, каким стал цвет. При необходимости повторите процедуру.


The alphabet is where reading begins.  The 26 letters that make up the English alphabet are used to form all of the words in the English language, so this is the place to start.  There are several ways to get familiar with the alphabet; pick the one that suits you and your learning style.   Sing it.  It may seem silly, but there's a reason so many people have learned the alphabet by singing the “alphabet song”--it works.  The melody aids in memorization and the song as a whole gives learners a picture of the entire alphabet and the relationship between letters. You can listen to the alphabet song online or get someone you know to sing and record it for you so that you can listen to it over and over again as you learn it.   Feel it.  If you're a hands-on learner, consider buying sandpaper letters.   Look at a letter and then close your eyes, trace your fingers over the letter and repeat the name of the letter and its sound.  When you're ready, pick your finger up off the sandpaper and write the letter in the air.  Move it around.  Pick up a set of alphabet magnets as a way of learning the individual letters as well as the way they're sequenced in the alphabet.  Later, you can reuse these letters to practice forming words.  Walk it out.  If you have the room, try using an alphabet mat as a learning tool.  Say each letter and its sound as you step on that letter on your mat.  Have someone call out letters or sounds at random and step on the correct corresponding letter.  Get your whole body (voice included) involved by singing the alphabet song and making up a dance as you step your way through the alphabet. There are five vowels in the alphabet: a, e, i, o, u; the rest of the letters are called consonants. You make vowel sounds in your throat with the help of your tongue and mouth while you form consonants by using your tongue and mouth to control the flow of your breath.  Vowels can be spoken alone, but consonants can't. For example, the letter A is simply "a" but B is actually "bee," C is "see," D is "dee"...

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Начните с алфавита. Различайте гласные и согласные. Используйте фонетический метод обучения чтению. Выучите знаки пунктуации.


The amaryllis should lose its foliage as the summer ends and autumn begins. When this begins to happen, start giving the plant slightly smaller quantities of water, but do not allow the soil to dry out completely. Trim the yellow or brown leaves once they have withered by cutting them off next to the neck of the bulb. Allow living green leaves to remain on the plant. Once the weather is cooler and most of the leaves have died, bring the amaryllis indoors. Place the pot in a cool, dark area between 40 and 50ºF (5–10ºC), such as a basement. If you do not have a suitable area for a pot, you may carefully remove the bulb and roots from the soil and place it in the crisper (vegetable drawer) of a refrigerator.  Always bring the amaryllis in before the first frost, which typically occurs at 32ºF or 0ºC night temperature. If storing in your refrigerator, do not store fruit in your refrigerator at the same time. Many fruits, especially apples, release chemicals that can sterilize your amaryllis bulb. Leave the amaryllis in the cool, dark environment for at least six weeks. Do not water it during this time, but do remove any remaining leaves as they die. This is the bulb's dormant period, and the plant must experience this in order to bloom again. If you want the amaryllis to rebloom by a particular date, such as Christmas, remove the bulb from the cool area at least six weeks before that day.

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Постепенно уменьшите полив по мере отмирания листьев. Удалите мертвые листья. Перенесите растение в прохладное закрытое помещение. Продержите луковицу 6–8 недель. Через 6–8 недель перейдите к следующему разделу.


The amount and frequency of your dog’s feedings will depend on the age and size of your dog. Talk to your veterinarian if you are unsure about how much you should be feeding your dog. In general, adult dogs only need to be fed once per day and the amount they need is based on their weight. You can usually find weight charts on dog food packages that indicate how much food your dog needs each day. Keep in mind that dogs under the age of one will need to be fed more frequently. Puppies from 8-12 weeks old need to be fed four times per day. They also require special puppy food. Check with your veterinarian to be sure that you are giving your dog the right type and amount of food every day. Dogs need plenty of fresh clean water to drink every day. Your dog may need more water if he has been exercising or if the weather is hot. Make sure to provide a bowl of water that your dog can access easily. Refill it if the water gets low, and change the water daily. It’s nice to indulge your dog with a treat now and then to show that you care about him/her. Treats can be used to reward good behavior as well. Reward your dog with a treat every day, such as a homemade dog biscuit or a store-bought rawhide bone.

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Разберитесь в пищевых потребностях собаки. Следите за тем, чтобы у собаки всегда был доступ к свежей и чистой воде. Давайте собаке лакомства за хорошее поведение.


The amount of calories you’ll need to consume on a daily basis depends on your age, sex, height, and on how active your lifestyle is. Teen boys need anywhere from 2,000 to 3,000 calories per day while teen girls require 1,600 to 2,400 calories per day. Look online for charts listing caloric intake recommendations or speak with a doctor to determine a target number. Then, as you plan your meals and track your daily intake with your food diary, aim to eat no more than your target number of calories.  A 14-year-old boy who’s heavily involved in sports might need up to 3,000 calories, whereas his classmate who doesn’t lead a very active lifestyle might need only 2,000. However, a 14-year old girl with a moderately active lifestyle would need about 2,000 calories per day as well. If you do eat too many calories on Monday, don’t restrict your intake on Tuesday. This will only result in an unhealthy cycle of overeating and starving yourself. Avoid drinking soda, sports and energy drinks, fruit juice, and sugary frozen drinks. Instead, stick with water or sugar-free beverages. Instead of drinking fruit juice from concentrate, try making your own fresh fruit juice at home with a juicer. Drink low-fat milk, too, to get some calcium into your diet. Keep a water bottle with you all day long and refill it frequently so you consume the equivalent of 8 8  fl oz (240 mL) glasses of water every day.  For some flavor, try making fruit-infused water or brewing fruit tea which can be enjoyed hot or iced. Drinking enough water throughout the day will help you feel more full. Ask for smaller portions at meal times or dish yourself about 30 to 50% less than you’d normally take. Limit the amount of food on your plate so you’re not tempted to clear your plate. Try eating on a smaller plate, too. Remember that you can always go back for more if you’re still hungry or if you haven’t eaten enough calories.  Instead of taking a whole chicken breast at dinner, cut it in half and save the rest for tomorrow’s meal. Tell the lunch lady that...

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Ежедневно употребляйте подходящее количество калорий. Откажитесь от сладких напитков. Выпивайте около 8 стаканов (2 литров) воды каждый день, чтобы поддерживать водный баланс. Уменьшите размеры порций при каждом приеме пищи. Обогатите свой рацион непереработанными продуктами, свежими овощами и фруктами, нежирной белковой пищей. Не ешьте, когда вы сыты или чем-то расстроены. Ешьте три раза в день и дополнительно перекусывайте полезной пищей 1–2 раза.


The amount of dye you need will depend on how much lace you want to dye. If you have 1 lb (450 g) of lace, you will need one package of powder dye or 1/2 bottle of liquid dye, as well as 3 gallons (12 L) of hot water. Simmer the necessary amount of water in a saucepan and transfer the hot water into a large bucket. Add powder or liquid dye and stir until evenly dispersed.  If working with powdered dye, dissolve it in 2 cups (500 ml) hot water first before adding it to the large bucket of water. The ideal water temperature for your dye bath is 140 degrees Fahrenheit (60 degrees Celsius). Make sure that you add the dye to the water before adding the lace. If you add the lace first, you may cause spotting to occur. For the strongest, richest hue, dye the lace for 30 minutes, stirring slowly and gently throughout the process. If you want a more subtle effect, only keep the lace in for 8 to 10 minutes. Lace absorbs dye quickly and does not need to sit in a dye bath for very long. Stirring the lace is highly recommended since doing so helps the fabric dye more evenly. Hand or machine wash the lace under a gentle cycle. Wash the lace by itself, with like colors, or with an old towel to prevent the dye from bleeding onto your nice clothes or linens. Use mild detergent and warm water for the cleaning part of the cycle, but use cool water for the rinse cycle. Hang the lace up to dry. Note that the lace will be a slightly lighter shade when it dries.

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Подготовьте краску. Оставьте все на 30 минут. Постирайте и просушите гипюр.


The amount of dye you need will depend on the size of the garment you are dying. Generally, 0.5 cups (120 mL) of liquid dye or 1 box of powdered dye is sufficient for a 1-lb (450-g) garment. Combine the dye with the appropriate amount of water (as directed on the package) in a glass bowl or plastic bucket. Stir until the dye is dissolved.  You can add 1 Tbsp (15 ml) of salt to the mixture to help make the final color more vibrant. It can also help the dye to set. The ideal water temperature should be about 140 degrees Fahrenheit (60 degrees Celsius).

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Приготовьте маленькую серию краски.


The amount of oil in a plant depends on where it is in its life cycle, so it’s important to harvest each species of plant at the right time. You need to do some research to figure out when to harvest the plants you want to distill. For example, lavender should be harvested when about half the flowers on the stem have withered. Rosemary, on the other hand, should be harvested when the plants are in full bloom. Just as you need to research when to harvest plants for best essential oil production, you need to research how to harvest them. Careless handling, harvesting the wrong parts, even harvesting at the wrong time of day can reduce the quantity and quality of the essential oils. For example, you only want to use the flowering tops of the rosemary plant when making rosemary essential oil. Discard or use the rest of the plant some other way. Most essential oils are held in the plant's oil glands, veins and hairs, and these are very fragile. If you disturb or break them, you’ll get less oil from your plants. Handle the plants with care, and handle them as little as possible. If you're buying already-harvested plants, you will not have much control over the harvesting process. Look for plants that appear healthy and undamaged, and ask the seller when they were harvested. Generally, plants that are in whole form (not crushed or powdered) are best. While distillation removes many impurities, pesticides and herbicides can contaminate your oil. It’s best to use organically grown plants, whether you purchase them or grow your own. Drying reduces the amount of oil in each plant, but can greatly increase how much essential oil you make per batch. This is because you’ll be able to fit more material into each batch. Drying should be done slowly and away from direct sunlight. Commercially grown plants such as lavender and peppermint may be allowed to dry in the field after cutting for a day or so.  The ideal drying method varies from plant to plant, but in general, you shouldn’t overheat the plants. Drying in the shade or...

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Определитесь с тем, когда нужно собирать сырье. Собирайте растения правильно. Если вы покупаете растения, будьте избирательны. Высушите растительное сырье.


The amount of radiotracer injected into your vein just prior to getting a bone scan is not very much, but it still produces radiation in your body for up to 3 days. Radiation increases the risk of healthy cells mutating into cancer cells, so make sure you weigh all the pros and cons with your doctor before getting a bone scan.  It's estimated that a bone scan exposes you to no more radiation than a conventional full-body x-ray does and less than half that of a CT scan.  Drinking lots of water and fluids starting immediately after a bone scan for 48 hours can help to flush out any radioactive tracer left in your body.  If you must have a bone scan while breastfeeding, pump and throw away your breast milk for two to three days so your baby isn't harmed. Allergic reactions related to the radiotracer dye are rare, but they do happen and can be life threatening. In most cases the reaction is mild and causes some pain and inflammation at the injection site and a related skin rash. In severe cases, anaphylaxis is triggered and leads to a widespread allergic reaction causing swelling, breathing difficulty, hives and reduced blood pressure.  Call your doctor immediately if any signs of an allergic reaction become obvious once you get home after your appointment. The radioactive tracer takes between one to four hours to be absorbed by your bones, although most allergic reactions occur within 30 minutes of the injection. There is a slight risk of infection or excessive bleeding when the needle is inserted into your vein to inject the radioactive dye. Infections usually take a couple of days to develop and include pain, redness and swelling at the injection site. Call your doctor immediately if you notice these signs. You may need to go on antibiotics to combat the infection.  Signs of a more significant infection include severe throbbing pain and pus drainage at the injection site, numbness and tingling in your involved arm, fatigue and a fever. Make sure the doctor or technician cleans your arm with an alcohol swab or...

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Знайте, с какими рисками связана радиация. Будьте готовы к аллергической реакции. Обратите внимания на признаки инфекции.


The amount of reading you'll need to do to help you reach your goal will vary based on what your goal is. To begin with, try to develop a general sense of how much reading you'll need to do. This will drive the rest of your planning.  For example, if your goal is to recognize edible plants in your area, one or two good books on the subject will probably be adequate. By contrast, if you are planning to start a new career as a botanist, you'll want to read as much as you can on botany.This would include all the best known books in the field. It would also include many articles from journals and other periodical publications. Some goals will require reading about many topics. For example, if your goal is to start a winery, you will obviously want to read some books about wine making. But, you'll also some books about running a small business. You will also want to read about laws in your area that govern the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Not all reading material is created equal. Before you start reading, take some time to determine what the most important things to read will be. Do some research and find out what the most important books related to your goal are.  There are many ways to find books that relate to your goals. You can go to a bookstore and peruse the the shelves, or ask the staff for recommendations. Your local library may also be able to provide some suggestions. Many online booksellers also provide recommendations based on other books you've looked at. These can be helpful in determining which books to read, even if you don't buy them online. If you know someone who is already very familiar with your topic, get some recommendations from that person. If your main goals require a lot of timely information, you may also want to include periodicals such as magazines, and newspapers in your reading goals.  For example, if your goal is to master stock trading, you'll want to read current information on the ups and downs of various stocks. This could include the business section of each...

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Решите, сколько вы будете читать. Изучайте книги. Выбирайте периодические издания. Стремитесь к многообразию.


The amount of semen that is released during orgasm is related to the volume of fluids that are ingested. That's because semen is water-based, and semen is the fluid that helps lubricate the way for sperm. The body needs two to three litres of water a day to function properly.  Drinking more fluids should therefore increase your ejaculate. If you enjoy a couple rounds of drinks after work and a couple more before the deed, you're doing your ejaculate a disservice. That's because alcohol dehydrates your body, leaving it less like a slip'n'slide and more like a deserted water park. In addition to dehydrating your body, alcohol lowers sperm count and affects the quality of your sperm. Your mini-mes are delicate, like a flower in the tundra. They're so delicate that they wilt when they're exposed to excessive heat. This may help answer one of the burning questions of your youth — why are testicles outside of the body? In fact, testes are housed outside of the body instead of inside because they need to be able to maintain a lower temperature than 98.6 °F (37.0 °C), which is the temperature at which your body regulates heat. What does this mean, practically speaking? If you enjoy long rides in cars with heated seats, or steamy shifts in the sauna/steam room, or even trips to your very own hot tub time machine, give them a break. They're not worth sacrificing your little cadets for. Again, the ideal temperature for semen and sperm is slightly lower than normal body temperature. Tight underwear will increase the scrotal temperature, thereby decreasing sperm and semen levels. This philosophical posture also affects the sperm and semen volumes to a great extent. By squashing the scrotal area against the warm body, you risk increasing its temperature above the normal range. That's a red alert, right there. Your body produces sperm at an astonishing rate of more than 1,500 every second, on average. That works out to anywhere from 130 to 200 million sperm cells a day. Still, whenever you orgasm, you lose a hefty portion...

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Пейте много жидкости. Уберите тепло. Не носите тесное нижнее белье. Не сидите, скрестив ноги. Воздерживайтесь от достижения оргазма (в течение одного-двух дней).


The amount of spackle you use depends on the size of the hole. It should comfortably cover the hole and you should have extra to scrape around the surrounding area.  Use a smooth, feathering motion to apply the spackle to the wall. You can use 2 putty knives if you want. Use 1 with a thin blade and another with a wide blade. Use the wider knife to remove the spackle from the tub and use the thinner knife to apply the spackle. The wider knife can act as a palette. You can also use an old plastic credit card or used gift card if you don't have an appropriately-sized putty knife on hand. Always close the spackle tub after you've removed the spackle you need. If the spackle dries out, it'll be useless. The amount of time it will take your spackle to dry depends on the size of the hole, how much spackle you applied, and the brand of spackle you used. Once your spackle is dry, sand it down before applying your second layer. Test the spackle with your finger to see if it's dry. You might need to apply a few layers of spackle before the job is done. Once the first layer is dry, use a similar amount of spackle for the second layer. Use your putty knife to cover the hole and scrape the spackle around the surrounding area. Give the second layer another 4 to 5 hours to dry before you apply the next layer. Generally, 3 layers of spackle will be enough to cover the hole in your drywall. By this stage, the spackle should be very solid and the hole should be completely covered.  You can always apply a fourth layer if you think the drywall needs it. However, 3 layers should be enough. You don't want to overdo it and end up with a small lump in your wall from all of the spackle. If your drywall is textured, dab a sponge on the last layer of wet spackle to match the texture of the repair to the texture of the rest of the wall. Once you've applied all your layers of spackle, use the putty knife to scrape the excess spackle from the drywall. Place your knife at an angle to the wall at the edge of the spackle layer and scrape it...

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Подцепите немного шпаклевки шпателем и намажьте ее поверх дыры. Дайте шпаклевке просохнуть в течение 4–5 часов. Замажьте дыру вторым слоем шпаклевки. Нанесите третий слой шпаклевки, когда второй полностью высохнет. Снимите излишки шпаклевки шпателем и наждачной бумагой.


The amount of tea you use depends on whether you want to dye your paper a lot or a little. For most projects, 1 tea bag per sheet of paper should be plenty, but if you're just going to do a few splotches of tea, you might be able to use one bag for several sheets of paper. However, if you're planning to fully saturate the paper and you want a very dark finish, you might need 2 tea bags for each sheet. If you use a cup that isn't intended for hot beverages, you could end up with a nasty burn. Stick to a coffee or tea cup, and avoid cups made from plastic or metal, as they aren't meant to hold boiling water. You only need enough water to fill up a mug, or about 1 cup (240 mL), but since water evaporates as it boils, it's better to start with more than you'll need. If you'll be brewing multiple mugs of tea at the same time, make sure you have enough water for each mug. In order to extract the tea from the bag, the water needs to be as hot as possible. If you're using a pot, you'll see bubbles on the surface of the water when it's boiling. If you're using a tea kettle, you'll hear a high-pitched whistle when the water is ready.  Be very careful when you're working with boiling water. If the pot you're using has a metal handle, use a pot holder to move it so you don't burn yourself, and be very careful not to spill any on your skin. If you're a kid, ask an adult to help you boil the water for this step. You can also boil the water in the microwave if you like, but be sure to use a microwave-safe dish and place a non-metallic object like a popsicle stick into the dish so the water doesn't become super-heated and explode. Carefully pour the hot water into the mug to start brewing your tea. Don't get the mug too full, or you might accidentally spill boiling water on yourself. Wait about 5 minutes for the tea to brew, or until the water turns the color you want.  Try to leave about 1–2 in (2.5–5.1 cm) of space at the top of the mug. If you're trying to get a very dark color, use 2 tea bags in the mug at the same time....

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Положите в термостойкую кружку 1–2 чайных пакетика. Залейте воду в чайник или небольшую кастрюлю. Поставьте воду на плиту и доведите ее до кипения. Залейте чайные пакетики кипятком и подождите около 5 минут, пока они заварятся.


The amount should only be about the size of a grain of rice. While you want the primer to cover your eyelid completely, too much primer can completely backfire. It can cause your makeup to pill, clump, appear chalky or shiny. Too little, and your eye makeup won't stay.  This amount of primer should be enough for both eyes. It's always better to start with less product and build layers if you need to instead of starting with too much and trying to wipe it off. Remember: less is more when it comes to primer. It should take about 20 seconds for the primer to absorb and dry. You can then apply your eye makeup as you normally would. Your eyelid should feel like a flat canvas and your shadow should go on smoothly. If it appears cakey or clumpy, you used too much primer and should use a little less next application. Try using the primer on your eyebrows to keep brow powder in place, too.

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Нанесите небольшое количество праймера на тыльную сторону руки. Позвольте праймеру впитаться и высохнуть (в течение 20 секунд), а затем наносите свой обычный макияж.


The amplifier will need to be turned up fairly loud in order for this to work, so you should protect your ears from potentially harmful sound levels. A good pair of earplugs might be sufficient, but for very loud volumes, specialty sound dampening ear protectors might be best. Plug in and switch on your amp. You should hear a faint tone caused by the electricity running through it. This means your amp is ready for input. Take the cord end of your mic and plug its audio jack into your amp.  You’ll also need to plug a microphone into your amplifier. You should place your mic as far away from the amplifier as the cable will allow to prevent distortion and mic feedback. Use a microphone stand if you have one available. Singing hands free will allow you to focus more intensely on the task at hand. Remember to wear your ear protection. Also, to minimize your exposure to loud volumes, you should stand behind the amp, or behind it and off to the side. If your mic doesn’t work, check it for an on/off switch. If your mic is already switched on but still is not working, check the audio jack to make sure your it is fully connected to the speaker. If you are using an unfamiliar amp, test its volume at a medium level before attempting to put it on the maximum setting. Most glasses will require you to reach a minimum of 100 to 110 decibels, which is about the volume of a passing motorbike, a nearby car horn, or the music in a nightclub.  You may want to layer the wall your amp is pointed at with sound dampening material, like heavy blankets or cushions. This will prevent the loudness of your amp from aggravating others. Other sound dampening measures you might make use of include acoustic panels, soundproof curtains, and other techniques. You’ll want to save your voice from unnecessary strain by singing at a soft to moderate volume. Slide your voice in very small increments around the resonant pitch until you feel confident that you have it perfectly. Then increase your volume until you are singing into the microphone...

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Защитите свой слух. Подготовьте усилитель. Отрегулируйте громкость на усилителе. Пропойте в микрофон. Аккуратно соберите осколки стекла и выбросьте их.


The ancient Greeks used pumice to remove body hair, and some still use it for this purpose. Pumice makes a gentle natural hair remover. Soak your skin in the bath or in a shower until it's warm and soft. Wet the pumice stone, then rub your skin using a gentle circular motion. Within about 30 seconds, the area you're rubbing will be free of hair.  The effects of pumicing are similar to the effects of shaving. The hair is removed close to the skin, rather than being pulled out.  Pumicing should not be painful. If you feel pain, make sure you aren't pressing too hard. The soft, porous surface of pumice is perfect for taking pills and lint off of clothing. If you have a sweater you've been wanting to clean up, lay it on a flat surface. Rub a dry pumice stone over the pills in a circular motion. Don't press too hard, since you don't want to damage the fibers of the garment; a gentle pressure is all that's needed to take the pills right off. Pumice can be used to remove copper rings from the inside of a toilet. Put on a pair of nonporous cleaning gloves to start. Then simply rub the pumice stone over the ring using a scrubbing motion. Repeat until the ring is gone.  You can use the stone in combination with toilet cleaner for more stubborn stains. Be sure to use separate stones for toilet cleaning and body use. Do not use the same stone for both purposes.

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Удаляйте волосы. Удаляйте катышки с одежды. Удаляйте пятна на унитазе.


The antenna consists of a short wooden dowel, three metal washers, and a single wooden ball. Use hot glue to attach the wooden ball to the top of the dowel. Slide the three washers onto the dowel from the bottom, positioning them so that they start 2 inches (5 cm) below the wooden ball and end in the middle of the dowel.  The wooden dowel should be about 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) in diameter. Trim the dowel so that it is about 8 inches (20.3 cm) long     The center gap of your washers should also be about 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) in diameter. The washers need to have a snug fit on the dowel. If necessary, however, you can hold them in place on the dowel by applying a small dot of glue to the underside of each washer.     The diameter of the wooden ball should be about 3/4 to 1 inch (1.9 to 2.5 cm).    Use the dome-shaped plastic lid from a milkshake or other frozen drink. Find a small wooden circle that is large enough to fit over the top opening of the lid. Apply a ring of hot glue to the top opening of the lid, then press the wooden circle on top of that glue. Once the antenna and its base are both dry, apply hot glue to the bottom of the antenna rod. Stick this glue spot in the direct center of the wooden circle on top of your base. Let the entire structure dry completely before moving onto the next step.    Find gold or copper metallic spray paint. Coat the outside of the antenna structure, including both the base and the antenna itself.  You should spray paint the structure in a well-ventilated area. It's also a good idea to spread out plastic sheeting or newspaper below the structure to prevent spray paint from staining your work surface.     You do not need to paint the inside of the base. Let the paint dry completely. This could take 12 to 24 hours, depending on the paint you use and the climate you are working in. Find a clear plastic container large enough to safely put over your head. Turn the container upside-down. Center the bottom of the antenna base over the center of the container and glue it in place. A...

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Сделайте антенну. Соорудите основание антенны. Прикрепите антенну. Напылите на антенну аэрозольную краску. Прикрепите антенну к большой пластиковой емкости. Закрепите по периметру дна золотистую ленту. Отрежьте кусок гибкой трубки. Прикрепите трубку. Наденьте свой новый космический шлем.


The aorta is the primary artery that delivers blood to your heart and to all your other extremities, and an aneurysm affecting the aorta can be classified into two sub-types:  Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). An aneurysm that happens in the abdominal (stomach) area is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This is the most common type of aneurysm and is fatal in 80% of cases.  Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). This type of aneurysm is located in the chest area and occurs above the diaphragm. During a TAA, a section near the heart enlarges and affects the valve between the heart and aorta. When this happens, a backflow of blood occurs in heart, causing damage to the cardiac muscles. Unusually severe and sudden stomach or back pain can be a symptom of abdominal aortic aneurysm or thoracic aortic aneurysm.  The pain is caused by your bulging artery putting pressure on neighboring organs and muscles. The pain usually does not resolve by itself, nor will changing position alleviate it.. If you experience nausea and vomiting along with severe abdominal or back pain, you may be experiencing a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Constipation and difficulty urinating may also occur. Abdominal rigidity can also occur with sudden onset. Dizziness is caused by massive blood loss that often accompanies a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Dizziness may also cause fainting. If you feel dizzy along with these other symptoms, try to sit down or rest on the floor, lowering yourself as carefully as you can A suddenly increased heart rate is a reaction to the internal blood loss and anemia caused by a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clammy skin can be a tell-tale symptom of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This is due to an embolus (moving blood clot) that is formed by the abdominal aneurysm and affects the surface temperature of the skin. Since a thoracic aortic aneurysm happens in the chest area, the increased size of the aorta can push up against the chest area, causing pain and a high-pitched sound during breathing.  This...

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Имейте в виду, что аневризма аорты может быть либо брюшной, либо грудной. Обратите внимание на острую и внезапную боль в брюшной полости и спине. Обратите внимание на тошноту или рвоту. Проверьте, не кружится ли у вас голова. Проверьте свой пульс. Пощупайте кожу, не кажется ли она влажной и холодной. Обратите внимание на любые внезапные боли в груди и затрудненное дыхание. Сглотните и проверьте, не трудно ли вам глотать. Скажите что-нибудь и прислушайтесь к хрипу в голосе.


The app described in this section can create a mobile hotspot for your, but its functionality is limited and the speed is slow. However, it has the very important benefit of being able to broadcast a wireless network from the same wireless adapter that you use to connect to the internet. This connection will be very slow. Connectify is a paid program with a free version that allows you to create basic wireless hotspots. You can download Connectify from connectify.me. Double-click the downloaded program to run it, and confirm when Windows prompts you to proceed. Decline any offers to upgrade to the Pro version. Your computer will need to be rebooted in order for Connectify to finish installing it's virtual Wi-Fi adapter. You can reboot your computer from the Start menu or screen. Proceed through the prompts to continue using the free "Lite" version. This is all you need to create a virtual wireless network. Depending on your firewall settings, you may be prompted by Windows Firewall to allow Connectify through on your current network. Make sure to allow it, or the new wireless hotspot won't work. Connectify will create a new wireless hotspot and share your computer's internet connection. Choose this adapter from the "Internet to Share" menu.  You can use Connectify to create a wireless hotspot with the same adapter you're using to connect to the internet. The connection speed will be much lower than your computer's current connection. For best results, you'll want to share a wired Ethernet connection with your new wireless hotspot. This will result in the best speeds. The free version of Connectify requires starting the network name with "Connectify-". Make sure to not include any personal information, as this network name will be public. This will prevent unauthorized users from accessing your internet connection. A password is always recommended, even if you're at home. Your new wireless network will begin broadcasting. You'll be able to see it on your mobile device's list of available wireless networks....

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Воспользуйтесь этим методом, если описанные выше действия не привели к успеху. Скачайте Connectify. Запустите процесс установки Connectify. По завершении установки перезагрузите компьютер. После перезагрузки запустите Connectify. В брандмауэре Windows откройте для Connectify доступ к сети. В верхней части окна Connectify выберите «Хот-спот Wi-Fi». Выберите сетевой адаптер, при помощи которого компьютер подключается к интернету. Введите имя беспроводной точки доступа. Установите пароль для подключения к сети. Нажмите «Включить хот-спот». Подключитесь к новой беспроводной точке доступа.


The app has a blue icon with a white “F.” If it's installed, you'll find it on your home screen (iOS) or in the app drawer (Android). If you don't have the app, open a web browser (like Safari or Chrome) and navigate to https://www.facebook.com. Sign in with your username and password when prompted. You can do this by tapping Friends on your own profile, or by typing a friend's name into the Search box at the top of the screen. It's just beneath their profile photo.  A checkmark will appear next to “Restricted.” Now that your friend is on the Restricted list, they can only see posts you've marked as Public, and those in which they are tagged.  Adding your friend to a list will not send them a notification. To remove your friend from the Restricted list, return to Edit Friends Lists and tap Restricted.

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Запустите приложение Facebook. Откройте профиль друга. Коснитесь Друзья. Нажмите Редактировать список друзей. Коснитесь Ограниченный доступ.


The app has likely saved your login credentials but if you will need to Log In.  If you do not have the Twitter for Android app on your Android, you will need to download it from Google Play. If you do not have an account you will have to Sign up. You have 140 characters to let the world know what’s happening and the GIF you are about to post will make your tweet that much more engaging.  Tap on the feather pen icon to open the text box. Tap on What’s happening? and enter your tweet in the text box. A GIF is a digital image, static or animated in a standard format that your followers will be able to view from whatever device they access Twitter.  To attach a GIF that you have saved on your phone, tap the camera button and select the GIF to attach. To attach a GIF from a library of available GIFs, tap the GIF Icon to search for and select your GIF. A world of followers is waiting to click, favorite and retweet. Tap Tweet to post.

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Запустите Twitter на своем телефоне. Введите свой твит. Вставьте гифку. Опубликуйте свой твит.


The app has probably saved your login credentials, but if not you will need to Log In.  If you do not have the Twitter for iOS App on your iPhone, you will have to download it from the App Store. If you do not have an account you will need to Sign up. Tweets that include photos have been reported to receive 18% more clicks, 89% more favorites and 150% more retweets, so a tweet containing a GIF can help spread your message. Tap the Tweet icon and enter your tweet in the text box. A GIF is a digital image, static or animated in a standard format that your followers will be able to view from whatever device they access Twitter.  To attach a GIF that you have saved on your phone, tap the camera button and select the GIF to attach. To attach a GIF from a library of available GIFs, tap the GIF Icon to search for and select your GIF. A world of followers is waiting to click, favorite and retweet. Tap Tweet to post.

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Запустите Twitter на своем телефоне. Введите свой твит. Прикрепите гифку. Опубликуйте свой твит.


The app icon is a green circle with three black curved lines.  As of a recent update, Spotify no longer automatically displays the playlists people follow on their public profiles. Because of this update, this method will only work if the person following your playlist has manually marked it as "Public" in the Spotify app. If you follow someone else's playlist and want it to appear publicly on your profile, open the playlist, tap the three-dot menu at the top-right corner, and then select Make Public.  It's below the number that indicates how many followers you have. A list of people who follow your account will appear. If you want to search for a Spotify user who doesn't follow your account, tap the Search icon at the bottom-center part of the screen, type the username, and then scroll down and tap See all profiles to view matching results.  There should be a number above "Playlists" indicating how many playlists this user follows. If this person is following one of your playlists and has selected the option to make it public, you'll see the name of that playlist in the list. You can repeat this process for any of your followers.

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Запустите приложение Spotify. Нажмите Your Library (Моя библиотека) в нижнем правом углу экрана. Нажмите Followers (Подписчики) посередине и сверху экрана. Коснитесь подписчика, чтобы открыть его публичный профиль. Нажмите Playlists (Плейлисты) в левом верхнем углу профиля. Прокрутите список плейлистов и найдите в нем свой плейлист.


The app you'll use for this method allows you to download audio from videos that are hosted on any of the following websites:  YouTube Facebook SoundCloud Vimeo Flickr Dailymotion Although 4K Video Downloader's FAQ page mentions support for Metacafe videos as well, it is currently not possible to download audio from Metacafe with 4K Video Downloader. This app will allow you to download audio from videos on the aforementioned sites, and is free for Windows and Mac computers. To download the setup file, do the following:  Go to https://www.4kdownload.com/download in your computer's web browser. Click 4K Video Downloader. Click Download to the right of your operating system. Select a save location and/or confirm the download if prompted. Once the installation file finishes downloading, double-click it and follow any on-screen prompts to install the 4K Video Downloader app onto your computer. If you're using a Mac, you'll need to click and drag the 4K Video Downloader icon onto the "Applications" icon before following the installation prompts. You may also need to verify the installation. Go to the website on which the video you want to use is located. If you're downloading from SoundCloud, the item you want to download doesn't have to be a video. For example, if you want to download music from a VEVO video, you would go to YouTube. Open the video from which you want to extract audio. If you're downloading from SoundCloud, you'll find the song you want to download and then open its page by clicking the song title. For most websites, you'll do this by clicking the address in the text bar that's at the top of your browser window and then pressing either Ctrl+C (Windows) or ⌘ Command+C (Mac). If you're using Facebook, you must right-click the video, click Show video URL, and then copy the URL that displays. 4K Video Downloader cannot download private videos. Click or double-click the 4K Video Downloader app icon, which resembles a white cloud on a green background. Skip this step if it opened automatically after...

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Запомните, где можно применить этот метод. Скачайте приложение 4K Video Downloader. Установите 4K Video Downloader. Откройте сайт с нужным видеороликом. Найдите и откройте нужное видео. Скопируйте адрес видео. Запустите 4K Video Downloader. Нажмите Вставить ссылку. Откройте меню «Загрузить видео». Щелкните по Извлечь аудио. Укажите качество, если необходимо. Выберите формат, если хотите. Выберите папку для загрузки. Нажмите Извлечь.


The approach that you take will be determined by what your learning goals are.  If you would like to just know more about your world or do better at bar trivia questions about geography, the stakes are relatively low.  If you are planning to take a multiple-country backpacking trip and will need to know your way around, or if you have slept through an entire geography class and need to prepare before the final exam, the stakes may be higher.  Ask yourself what you hope to achieve by learning geography, and let the answer to that question help guide your scope and approach. For example, if you plan to backpack across Europe, you will want to focus on the region through which you are traveling and learn the culture, currency, and perhaps languages of each area. It is impossible for anyone to immediately learn everything about every place in the world.  Determining the scope of your learning, whether it is to know a smaller area really well, or a much bigger area more generally, will help you determine an approach.  Some possible scopes may be:  Learn every road in my town Learn all the major roads in my metropolitan area Learn all of the cities or counties in my state Learn all of the states and their capitals and governors Learn all of the countries in the world Learn all of the continents and oceans and the most populous countries Learn all of the English-speaking countries Learn all of the regions in Europe There are two main approaches to the study of geography: from the inside out or from the broad to the specific.  An approach that moves from the inside out would take the area that you live in and slowly extend out until you have a more general knowledge of the world.  An approach that moves from broad to specific would start with very general knowledge and move to more and more specific “layers” of knowledge.  If you select an “inside out” approach, begin by learning about your city or county. Then learn about the surrounding counties, then the state as a whole.  Then learn about the bordering states,...

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Решите, с какой целью вы учите географию. Определите рамки. Выберите подход. Изучайте карты.


The are a number of different varieties of olive oil for sale at many supermarkets, and they are labeled with a variety of names, such as light, pure, virgin and extra virgin. These varieties differ in three ways: the process by which the oil was extracted, what was added to the oil before bottling, and the level of free oleic acid in the final product. For skin care, choose extra virgin olive oil. While refined olive oil may seem preferable because it is odorless, only unrefined olive oil such as the extra virgin variety contains the antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that make it good for your skin. Studies have shown that up to 70 percent of supposedly pure olive oil is adulterated with lower quality oils such as sunflower or canola oil.  To make sure you’re getting olive oil that really is what it says it is on the label, make sure your brand has been certified by the International Olive Council.  In the U.S., the North American Olive Oil Association has established a seal of approval to indicate the quality of the olive oil you’re buying. Both heat and light cause oxidation, which can break down the beneficial components in the oil. Oxidation happens over time. Rancidity primarily affects the taste of the oil, but it will also degrade the quality of the vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants in the oil.

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Выберите правильное масло. Убедитесь, что вы купили настоящее масло. Храните оливковое масло в прохладном темном месте.


The area of any rectangle (remember, squares are special rectangles) is defined as its base times its height. Since the base and the height of a square are the same length, the area of a square with side length s is s*s, or A = s2. The square root of the area will give you the length of one of the sides of the square.  For most numbers, you will need to use a calculator to find the square root, by first typing in the value of the area, followed by the square root (√) key.  You can also learn to Calculate a Square Root by Hand!  If the area of your square is 20, then the side length s =√20, or 4.472. If the area of the square is 25, then s = √25, or 5. Take the side length s you just calculated and plug it into the perimeter formula, P = 4s.  The result will be the perimeter of your square!  For the square with area 20 and side length 4.472, the perimeter P = 4 * 4.472, or 17.888. For the square with area 25 and side length 5, P = 4 * 5, or 20.

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Формула для вычисления площади квадрата. Извлеките квадратный корень из значения площади, чтобы найти сторону квадрата. Умножьте найденную сторону на 4, чтобы найти периметр.


The area underneath your wood floor won’t dry while the wood is still wet. If your wood flooring is covered by wet rugs, mats, or carpeting, you’ll need to remove them immediately. If your carpets and rugs have been soaked and they are not immediately cleaned, they will usually need to be discarded due to mildew concerns. A professional carpet cleaning company may be able to help save your carpet and treat it for mold. You won’t be able to dry water that has seeped into and underneath the floors, but you should immediately start drying the visible water on your floors. Mopping and toweling may be sufficient, but if flooding is severe, you may need to use a water pump. Many hardware stores will allow you to rent equipment, such as pumps, that is too expensive to buy for a single use. If you choose to rent a pump, you can set it up in standing water and run a hose to another area, like outside, where the water can drain. If your house has flooded, there will likely be mud and silt trapped in the crevices and corners of your floor. Before the floors totally dry, take a non-abrasive but stiff brush, plenty of water, and a non-sudsing detergent, and thoroughly clean your floors. Cleaning while the floors are still wet will keep you from having to re-wet the floors after they’re dried. When wood floorboards get wet, they swell. If you remove a few floorboards (one every 5–10 feet (1.5–3.0 m) should be fine) will allow your floorboards to expand without buckling or cracking. This will also help the subfloor to dry faster. One of the fastest ways to help your wood floors dry out is to use large fans to circulate the air in your home. You can use regular box fans or you can purchase or rent large commercial-strength fans for faster drying. Be sure your wood floors are totally dry before you refinish or recover them. You can call a professional to measure the moisture remaining in your floors, or you can buy a moisture meter to measure it yourself. The moisture content should be within 5% of the readings of a section...

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Снимите все напольные покрытия. Вытрите видимые лужи на полу. Протрите пол щеткой и моющим средством, прежде чем пол высохнет. Уберите несколько досок, чтобы высушить область под полом, а оставшиеся доски могли расшириться. Поставьте вентиляторы, чтобы улучшить циркуляцию воздуха. Измерьте влажность в деревянном полу. Будьте терпеливы.


The argument from poor design states that if God is perfect, why did he create us and many other living creatures so poorly?  For instance, we are vulnerable to many diseases, our bones break easily, and with age our bodies and minds break down.  You could also mention our poorly-made spines, inflexible knees, and pelvic bones that make childbirth difficult and painful for women.  Together, this biological evidence indicates that God does not exist (or that he did not create us well, in which case, there is no reason to worship him).  Believers might counter this argument by stating that if God is perfect, then he created us as well as could possibly be expected.  They might also argue that what we see as imperfections actually have a purpose in the larger workings of God's design. Point out the logical fallacy in this right away. We can't live our lives hoping that one day an explanation for why our eyes or shoulders were designed so poorly will arise. Reference the philosopher Voltaire, who wrote a novel about people looking for meaning after a devastating earthquake hit Paris. We are pattern-seeking animals, so naturally we look and hope for patterns where none can be found. Some might point out that God originally created humans in their perfect form, but after humanity sinned against God, God's original creation became corrupt and wrought with sin, and death and entropy entered the world as a result. Be aware of this rebuttal when using the flawed-design argument. The “God of the Gaps” argument is common when people argue that God exists.  It argues that whiles modern science can explain many things, it cannot explain others.  You can refute this by saying that the things we do not understand are decreasing every year, and that while natural explanations have replaced theistic explanations, supernatural or theistic explanations never replace scientific ones.  For instance, you might cite the example of evolution as one area where science has revised previous God-centric explanations for the variety of...

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Укажите на то, что живые существа не совершенны. Укажите на то, что все сверхъестественное можно объяснить научным языком. Укажите на неточности креационизма.


The arms have two parts, an upper and a lower arm. Use one piece of paper or Cardstock for each part of the arm. Trace the printed skeleton picture, or use the picture as a guide to draw the bones on paper.  For a basic skeleton, draw out two cartoon bone shapes. Use one for the upper arm and one, with a hand on it, for the lower arm. For a more anatomically correct skeleton, note that the arm has more than two bones in it. Follow a more detailed model and outline more detailed shapes or draw details on the parts of the arm. The upper arm has one bone, the humerus. The lower arm has the radius and the ulna. The hand has many bones in it. For a detailed skeleton, draw these Use scissors to cut around the outlines of the arms. The legs are similar to the arms. They have two main sections, an upper leg and a lower leg. Once you have created the leg bones, cut them out.  For a basic skeleton, draw out two cartoon bone shapes. Use one for the upper leg and one, with a foot on it, for the lower leg. For a more detailed skeleton, note that the leg has more than two bones in it. Follow a more detailed model and outline more detailed shapes or draw details on the parts of the arm.The upper leg is called the femur; the lower leg bones are the tibia and fibula. The foot is made of many bones called the tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges.  For a more anatomically correct skeleton, make the legs one and a half times the length of the arms. Use scissors to cut around the outlines of the legs. Follow the drawing to create the ribs and pelvis. Then cut them out.  To be anatomically correct, make 12 pairs of ribs. For more detail draw shoulder blades, sockets, and collar bones near the top of the ribs. For a detailed pelvis, include the sacrum and coccyx, two bones at the end of the spine. Draw a skull on paper and cut it out. Make sure to include eye sockets and a nose socket. For a more detailed skull, draw a bottom jaw and teeth.

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Напечатайте или нарисуйте детали рук. Вырежьте детали рук. Напечатайте или нарисуйте детали ног. Вырежьте детали ног. Сделайте грудную клетку и таз. Изготовьте голову.


The arrow keys ↑↓←→ are your main navigation keys on the keyboard. You can use them in a word processor to move around and between lines, use them on webpages to scroll, and use them in games to move around. Use your right hand to press the keys. You can quickly scroll through documents or webpages with the ⇞ Page Up and ⇟ Page Down keys. If you are using a word processor, these keys will move your cursor one page up or down from the cursor's current location. If you are viewing a webpage, these keys will scroll the page up or down one screen-length. You can move the cursor directly to the start or end of a line with the ⇱ Home and ⇲ End keys. These keys are most useful in word processors. The ← Backspace key will delete a character to the left of the cursor, while pressing Delete will delete a character to the right of the cursor. You can also press ← Backspace to go back on a webpage. The Insert key changes the text input mode for your word processor. When Insert mode is toggled on any character you input will replace the character to the right of the cursor. With Insert mode toggled off, existing characters will not be replaced.

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Используйте клавиши со стрелками вверх, вниз, вправо и влево. Научитесь быстро прокручивать страницы. Используйте клавиши ⇱ Home и ⇲ End, чтобы перемещать курсор в конец или начало строки. Разница между клавишами Delete и Backspace. Клавиша Insert.


The art of Tai Chi is specifically designed to help you balance your chi. Though there are many moves that make up Tai Chi, you can begin with a few of the basics to see how they work. Breath is central to Tai Chi, and hopefully you have already developed a good sense of how breath and chi work together from the previous step. The practice of Tai Chi itself is essentially a slow and gentle series of movements that are designed to ground you and get you in touch with your breath and chi. Within Tai Chi, there are different schools that have slightly different ways of doing the forms, or steps, within the practice. If you’re interested, Tai Chi courses are often offered at yoga studios and community centers. Check your local martial arts studio as well – they might know about classes. The Wuji or horse stance is the basis of Tai Chi. It may look like you’re just standing there, but it’s a great way of getting in touch with your energy. Just by standing in horse stance and breathing, you can develop your chi.  Your feet should be parallel, shoulder width apart. Make sure that your weight is in the middle of your feet. Move your torso so that you are standing as if sitting up straight in a chair. Bend your knees. Let your spine feel as if it’s floating upward. Relax your shoulders. Gently touch your tongue to the roof of your mouth. Breathe naturally. This is an exercise, not part of an actual Tai Chi form, but can help you get in touch with your body. It can also help you in trying to develop chi throughout your body while you’re moving, keeping track of your breath.  Put your right hand, palm out, parallel and in front of your face. Place your left hand, palm in, parallel and in front of your stomach. Slowly move your arms in circles. Your arms will be going around each other and your palms will be at different angles, depending upon where in the circle they are. They go from being facing completely in and out at the top and bottom of the circle to being flat when they are parallel to you in front of your...

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Занимайтесь тай-чи (тайцзи). Работайте над позами. Практика для рук. Найдите энергетические практики, которые вам нравятся.


The arteries are embalmed by simultaneously introducing embalming fluid (a mixture of formaldehyde, other chemicals, and water) into an artery while draining the blood from a nearby vein or from the heart. It takes about two gallons of fluid to embalm a typical body. On men, the incision is made near the base of the SCM muscle and the clavicle. For females or younger people, the femoral site is most popular. Clean the vein point off, create an entrance point, and insert the drain tube towards the heart. Tie a ligature around the lower side of the tube. Do the same for the artery except insert the cannula instead of a drain tube. Place the cannula forceps on the artery locking the cannula in place. Use the small locking forceps to clamp off the upper side of the artery and restrict the flow. While the embalming is taking place, wash the body with a good germicidal/antibacterial soap and be sure to check for drainage while massaging the limbs to push blood out and embalming solution in. When the fluid enters the arteries, pressure will build throughout the veins, which means the fluid is moving throughout the body. You'll notice the veins bulging somewhat. Open the jugular drain tube periodically to allow blood to escape and relieve the pressure. When you have about 20% of your solution left, turn off the machine and reverse your cannula to the other side of the artery you chose to inject. This will embalm the part that was blocked by the cannula previously. Be sure to turn down the pressure, as the fluid only has to go a short distance, and you don't want to "pop the eyes." In the case of the femoral, this will embalm the lower leg. In the case of the right common carotid, this will embalm the right side of the head. When you've embalmed to your satisfaction, or run out of fluid, turn off the machine, remove the cannula, and tie off the veins and arteries you used. Suture the incisions closed. Use sealing powder to ensure there is no leakage.

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Выберите область надреза. Сделайте надрез. Включите аппарат для бальзамирования и введите жидкость. Медленно уменьшайте давление. Окончание.


The as-is area is full of discounted items that are located near the registers. These items have been marked down significantly because they've been damaged, returned, or were originally on display. There are many benefits to registering for the IKEA FAMILY rewards program. You'll get a monthly email that highlights all current deals and get other perks such as free coffee or tea, member only deals on items, and extra time (30 Minutes) allowed in Småland. IKEA FAMILY is free to join. Items that have been discontinued will have a yellow tag that says “last chance” on it. These items are nearly always discounted at least some, but exactly how much varies by location. Most are discounted 15-50%.

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Не пропускайте зону “уцененных товаров”. Присоединитесь к IKEA FAMILY. Ищите бирки “последний шанс”.


The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 u. The atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u. There are 4 hydrogen atoms in methane. Add together the weight of all the atoms in methane to find the molecular weight.   1.008∗4=4.032u{\displaystyle 1.008*4=4.032u}. 12.011∗1=12.011u{\displaystyle 12.011*1=12.011u} 12.011+4.032=16.043u{\displaystyle 12.011+4.032=16.043u} The atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u. The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 u. The atomic mass of oxygen is 15.999 There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms. Add up the mass of all of the atoms in glucose to calculate the molecular weight.  12.011∗6=72.066u{\displaystyle 12.011*6=72.066u} 1,008∗12=12.096u{\displaystyle 1,008*12=12.096u} 15.999∗6=95.994u{\displaystyle 15.999*6=95.994u} 72.066+12.096+95.994=180.156u{\displaystyle 72.066+12.096+95.994=180.156u}

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Найдем молекулярный вес метана (CH4). Найдем молекулярный вес глюкозы (C6H12O6).


The atoms along the right edge of the periodic table are called  noble gases.  These elements are very chemically stable. To shorten the process of writing a long electron configuration, simply write the chemical symbol of the nearest chemical gas with fewer electrons than your atom in brackets, then continue with the electron configuration for the following orbital sets.  To understand this concept, it's useful to write an example configuration. Let's write a configuration for zinc (atomic number 30) using noble gas shorthand. Zinc's full electron configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10. However, notice that 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 is the configuration for Argon, a noble gas. Just replace this portion of zinc's electron notation with Argon's chemical symbol in brackets ([Ar].) So, zinc's electron configuration written in shorthand is  [Ar]4s2 3d10.   Note that if you are doing noble gas notation for, say, argon, you cannot write [Ar]! You have to use the noble gas that comes before that element; for argon, that would be neon ([Ne]).

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Выучите сокращения написания длинных электронных конфигураций.


The attic is used for long term storage and is a place that few people go on a regular basis. Hide the item somewhere easy for you to access, but out of plain view in case someone needs to move something to or from the attic. Valuable items are found in attics all the time, and there’s a reason for that – people rarely have reason to enter the attic!   Put the item in a garbage bag and cover it with old clothes you no longer want to better camouflage the item. Labeling the bag can help add to the disguise. For example, writing "Christmas decorations" on the bag will prevent the bag from being examined until the appropriate time of the year. Hide something at a friend’s house if they have more space to spare, or there is no danger of getting them in trouble for doing so. For example, if your parents frown on junk food or soda, a friend’s place makes the perfect stash spot.  Make sure your stuff gets hidden properly or marked appropriately as yours. You don’t want someone to take your stuff. Your parents might not approve of this idea, especially if the safe is in plain sight.  You can store the safe in the attic or somewhere else hidden to keep your parents from being suspicious.   A mini fridge for your room might can serve the same purpose as a safe and will look much less out of place if you keep it in plain sight. Look for a mini fridge that comes with a locking mechanism to keep just anyone from checking out your fridge. Safes and mini fridges can also be camouflaged. Tape some cardboard around the safe to create the illusion that the safe is simply a storage box full of your things. . This is a fun way to hide things that is particularly effective if you do a lot of reading. Make sure it's a book that fits your reading habits.  Keep an actual copy of the book you hollowed out in case your parents or siblings ever want to actually borrow that book. This same technique works with items such as old VHS tapes or DVD cases. Throw them in a box of old tapes or other junk to complete the look. Several websites...

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Если вы живете в частном доме, спрячьте предмет на чердаке. Попросите помощи у друга. Купите портативный сейф. Сделайте книгу-обманку Спрячьте вещи на улице.