Article in English: Before you start collecting your kitchen scraps, you need to know if you will be using them for a personal compost bin or if they will be going to a municipal composting program. Making this distinction is important because you can compost more food items in a municipal composting program than you can at home. For a municipal program, you can often collect all biodegradable kitchen scraps, including meat and dairy. Have a mini compost bin indoors that you keep near your meal preparation area. It should be something that is easy to fill up, transport daily to the compost bin, and keep clean. You could consider a small plastic container (there are fun tiny garbage cans with lids) or use something as simple as a ceramic bowl with a saucer over it. Locate your compost bin somewhere that is easy to access, so that you and family members will be encouraged to use it. The best kitchen scraps to add to your compost pile are those fruit and vegetable scraps because they break down quickly and do not attract rodents and insects in the same way that animal products do. Add all of your fruit and vegetable scraps, including those that have been cooked. While all animal products that are used in the kitchen can go into municipal composting bins, there are only a few that you should add to your home bins. One of the few animal products to add is egg shells, as these add calcium to the compost, which will help your plants grow. There are a variety of biodegradable items that can't be composted at home for reasons of health, hygiene and inability to break down. These include:  Meat and meat scraps Bones Fish and fish bones Oil or fat Pet or human feces (except for manure of herbivorous creatures such as rabbits and horses)

Summary in Russian:

Решите, как вы будете использовать пищевые отходы. Купите небольшую емкость для использования дома. Собирайте все отходы от фруктов и овощей. Используйте только отдельные животные продукты. Знайте, какие продукты собирать нельзя.


Article in English: Before you start cutting hair, spray it down so that you can easily mold and cut the hair. The hair should be lightly damp but not soaking wet. Take a towel and pat down the hair again to dry it slightly. Then grab a comb and part the hair.   Knowing where the hair will be parted is important because you may have to blend the shorter side a little more than the longer side depending on the style. A lower guard size means a shorter cut. Pick a higher guard number to start with like a #3.  You can use a higher number to get an even shave around the sides and back of the head as a baseline. To get the fade look you will switch to shorter guards as you move down. But by starting with the larger guard size you can easily get an even fade. You will shave the entire sides and back of the hair with your first guard and then repeat with a lower guard, moving part way down the head, leaving the top the length you just cut. The fade line will determine where the hair transitions from one length to another. It will wrap all the way around the back of the head, essentially going from ear to ear.  Fade lines don't have to go straight across in the back. In fact, some fade lines dip slightly around the back of the head, then return to the original line before reaching the other ear. You can have more than one fade line. Start with one on your first cut; as you get more confident, try doing two. Where you position the fade line is a matter of personal taste. You can put it anywhere from slightly above the top of the ear to 2 or 3 inches (5.1 or 7.6 cm) above that. Take a comb, and trace a rectangle above the round of the skull. This will separate the longer top hair from the shorter sides. Use a clip or an elastic band to keep this hair out of the way.  If you are uncertain how big the rectangle should be, use the eyebrows as a guide. The lines of the rectangle should line up with the outer tips of the eyebrows. Include the entire crown at the back of the head. Start to clean up the fade by grabbing a regular comb. (Use a...

Summary in Russian:

Увлажните волосы. Выберите правильную насадку для стрижки волос. Определитесь, где будет линия (линии) перехода. Отделите верхнюю секцию волос. Обозначьте линию перехода с помощью стрижки под гребенку. Подровняйте верхнюю часть волос.


Article in English: Before you start detailing the instructions, you need to give the reader a brief introduction. This introduction explains what the reader should be able to do after the instructions. It also provides an overview of the procedure. This should be written in clear, plain language.  State the purpose of the instructions, who should read the instructions, and what situation might need the procedure. You can talk about what the procedure doesn't do. You can also provide background information in the intro. The introduction can mention any warnings or important information that is needed before the reader begins the process. But remember most people will skip the intro, so don't put anything important in the introduction that you don't put somewhere else.  For example, "These instructions provide information on how to bake a chocolate cake. The first section explains how to combine the wet and dry ingredients, and the second section explains how to bake properly."#Place the steps in sequential order. Instructions need to be in a specific order. The tasks should logically follow one after another. Step 1 has to be completed before you can move on to step 2. Organization is pivotal for writing instructions.  If it doesn't matter which order something is done in, start with the most important. Instructions are made up of sequential interrelated tasks. Before you start writing your instructions, you have to decide which steps are prerequisites. This means that you have to decide what has to be done first to complete the overall task. For example, if you are baking a cake, you have to heat the oven, mix the ingredients, and make the frosting before you can complete the cake. Most instructions contain multiple tasks that must be completed for the procedure to be finished. Organizing the instructions into separate parts for each task helps the instructions read clear and as simply as possible for the reader.  For example, if you are working on a car, there are different things you have to do before getting to the engine....

Summary in Russian:

Напишите вводную часть. Расположите свои инструкции в порядке необходимости. Разбейте инструкцию на отдельные задачи. Четко маркируйте каждую задачу. Помещайте каждый этап в одно предложение. Предоставьте возможность отслеживать успех выполнения этапов. Укажите, по возможности, какие-нибудь альтернативы. При необходимости используйте подэтапы. Поместите предупреждения и условия в начале. Прогнозируйте проблемы. Завершите инструкцию.


Article in English: Before you start doing anything, you'll want to gather the tools you'll need. Thankfully you don't need much! Get a utility knife, a putty knife, a measuring tape, a pneumatic nail gun, nails (long enough to get through your shoe molding and into your baseboards or wall studs), a miter box (or miter or table saw, if you have one), and a saw.  You might also want paint, varnish, caulk, a nail setter, and a nail crayon if you want to get the shoe molding looking finished and professional. Some people may need to drill pilot holes for their nails if the molding is very brittle or thin (since some molding may be prone to cracking). If so, you'll need a drill with a bit smaller than the nails you will be using. If you are removing old base molding, start by taking a utility knife and carefully cut through any paint that is adhering the base molding to the baseboard. This will prevent you from chipping the paint on the baseboard as you pry away the base molding. Using a stiff putty knife, work the base molding loose by pushing it behind and under the base molding. Be careful not to damage the baseboard or the floor. Pry the molding completely away from the baseboard using a flat bar, then remove all the nails. While the molding is removed, you have an excellent opportunity to sand and paint your baseboards. If they are in good shape, continue on with the base molding installation. Before you cut your moldings to length, you should prep and apply a finish to them. Take your new wood moldings and lightly sand them. Lay them on a set of saw horses and finish them to match your floors. This can be as simple as a few coats of varnish.

Summary in Russian:

Соберите инструменты. Ослабьте плинтус. Отогните плинтус. Подготовьте стену. Подготовьтесь к монтажу нового плинтуса.


Article in English: Before you start drawing, you need to decide just how large of a map you’re going to create. Do you plan on showing an entire planet (perhaps even Earth) stretched out, a hemisphere, a single continent, a country, or just a state or city? This goes for both true-to-life maps and fantasy maps that you create from your imagination. With very few exceptions, you will need to create a map (unless it’s an extreme close up) that includes both water and land. However, you’ll need to decide exactly how much of each you’re showing. For larger scale maps, you should be showing oceans, rivers, and lakes. Smaller scale maps may only show portions of an ocean, rivers, or a few lakes and ponds. If your map has only a few landmasses in an archipelago-type setting, you’ll likely have a page that is mostly water with a few islands. What style of map are you creating - geographical/physical, political, a road map, or something else? The type of map you make may change the way you outline or draw it, so determine this prior to starting your project. You can certainly create a map that is a combination of all three, but you’ll have to reduce the amount of detail you include in order to avoid overwhelming the viewer. You can create maps based on other characteristics as well, such as trade routes, major population points, or different languages. This goes hand in hand with determining what you’ll include/the scale of your map, but is important to note. Do you plan on only marking off the largest or most important places on your map? Or, are you interested in showing even the smallest aspects of the are you’re portraying? The detail you intend to include may have a big impact on how big you physically draw the map (on a very large piece of paper/file, or a small file size or piece  of paper). Although this applies mainly to those creating their own fantasy maps, thinking about weather patterns is important to designating certain physical aspects on your map. Where will there be lots of rain or desert areas? Will these areas match...

Summary in Russian:

Определите, зачем вам нужна карта. Определитесь с соотношением воды и суши на карте. Подумайте, что будет на вашей карте. Определитесь с тем, насколько подробной будет ваша карта. Подумайте про погоду. Выберите, как именно вы будете рисовать карту.


Article in English: Before you start each class, spend 5-10 minutes before it starts talking to regulars and getting to know new faces. Establishing yourself as friendly and approachable will increase the likelihood of people going to your classes again.  You might, for example, ask the whole class how their day was or if they have any fun plans for the weekend. Make a goal each class to remember one thing that a class member tells you and ask them about it again the next time you see them. Tell the class your name and a sentence or two about your experience so they can feel connected to you. After you've introduced yourself, ask your class about any injuries, pregnancies, or health conditions they might have so you can keep an eye out for those clients. You could say, for example, "Hello, my name is Taylor, and I've been a yoga teacher for three months here. Before we start the class, can I ask if anyone is pregnant or if there are any health conditions I should be aware of?" Some clients prefer a "tough love," drill sergeant-like instructor while others prefer a kinder, gentler approach. Most will be somewhere along the spectrum. Pay attention to your class as a whole and on the individual level so you can adjust your encouragements to what they prefer. As you get to know regular clients, you'll be able to remember what they respond well to. If you notice a person or group of people who seem to be falling behind, go out of your way to encourage them. Pay attention to and respond to their reaction—if they want to be pushed hard, help them along but if they don't like the extra attention, let them exercise at their own pace.

Summary in Russian:

Общайтесь с участниками тренировки до ее начала. Представляйтесь в начале каждой тренировки. Подстраивайте стиль руководства под группу. Следите за недовольными.


Article in English: Before you start getting dressed, double check the weather for the timeframe of your date. Even if you plan to spend most of the time inside, you still have to get there and you'll want to keep your clothes neat and dry.  Grab a raincoat if it's raining, or re-think your long-sleeved shirt and pants, if it's unseasonably warm. If the weather is particularly wet or snowy, consider wearing a pair of boots during travel and taking your nice pair of shoes to change into once you arrive at your destination. If you know your date's size, grab an extra sweater, umbrella, or raincoat if the weather is bad, in case he or she doesn't think to bring one. Your date will be impressed by the sweet gesture and that you thought to plan ahead. Even if you're headed for a 5k marathon on your first date, you're going to want to smell nice and clean when you first meet up. After all, first impressions are important, and they can often outlast what happens later on the date. If you need extra time to blow-dry your hair before you style it, make sure you allot enough time. When you're anxious or stressed, that tends to be the time a button falls off, a zipper gets stuck or your nylons get a run. It's better to be ready early than to scramble around because you are running late. Take your time getting dressed so that you can handle any last minute mishaps with your garments! Have a back-up plan. If something does go wrong, put on the other outfit that you considered wearing. Even if you're planning on a fancy dinner at a swanky hotel or you're attending a prestigious ballet performance, plans can change. For example, you and your date might have so much fun that you'll decide to take a walk for ice cream or stay up all night watching old movies together! Pack something comfortable, so you're prepared to go with the flow! If you're taking a purse or you need a water bottle and a hiking pass for the state park, make sure you've got all the accessories you'll need for a successful date.  Make sure your cell phone is charged in case of...

Summary in Russian:

Дважды проверьте погоду. Примите душ. Выделите достаточно времени на то, чтобы одеться. Подготовьте и упакуйте смену повседневной одежды. Дважды проверьте, чтобы у вас было все необходимое. Не переживайте.


Article in English: Before you start looking for Jupiter, you should get hold of a sky map which can show you where in the sky to start looking. For more advanced astronomers, there are numerous sophisticated maps of the sky which show the position and trajectory of the planets. For those inexperienced in reading these paper maps there are a number of smart phone apps which you can download which will help you to find Jupiter and the other planets and stars in the sky. With some smartphone apps all that you have to do is hold the phone up to the sky and it will identify the stars and planets for you. Jupiter is so massive and bright in the sky that it can be viewed with a good pair of binoculars. Binoculars that magnify seven times human eyesight will be effective and will reveal Jupiter as a small white disk in the sky.  If you don’t know what strength your binoculars are look at numbers on the side, if it says 7x another number then they magnify seven times and will enable to observe Jupiter. To really get a good view of the Jupiter’s spectacular features, your observations will be improved with even an entry-level telescope. This equipment will help you to see Jupiter’s famous belts, all four of its moons, and potentially even the Great Red Spot. The range of telescopes available is huge, but for beginners a 60 or 70mm refractor telescope is a good place to start. The performance of your telescope will drop if the optics are not sufficiently cooled. Keep it in a relatively cool place, and before you want to start viewing place it outside so its temperature can drop before you begin.

Summary in Russian:

Достаньте карту звездного неба. Приготовьте бинокль. Запаситесь телескопом.


Article in English: Before you start looking for the best brands, you should take a moment to figure out what kind of look you're trying to go for. Are you aiming for something casual and innocuous, or a bold visual statement? You should keep your intent at the front of your mind when you are choosing your eyeliner. Don't just think about how it looks, but also what that particular shade or technique is meant to convey. Having a strong idea what you want to do will take guesswork out of the equation further down the road. Taking a look at your place and giving it an objective analysis can be incredibly helpful when it comes to choosing cosmetics, as it lends a more specific insight into what traits should be emphasized or evened out. There are several dimensions that factor into the right type and style. The most important of these factors are the shape and size of your eyes. Some traits relate to the type of eyeliner, while others will have an effect on the way you put it on.  To get a grasp of your eyes' relative size, judge them in rough proportion to your other facial features, such as the nose or forehead. If you have smaller eyes, you'll want to aim to brighten your eyes with light shades and only use dark liner on the outer corners of your eyes.   If you have big eyes, you'll want to emphasize that fact by hugging the upper contour of your eye with a dark liner. If you're trying to figure out whether you have round, or thinner almond eyes,  check to see if you can see visible whites above or below your iris whilst assuming a normal facial expression. If you can, you have relatively round eyes. If you don't, they're considered almond eyes. Simple enough? While neither type is necessarily better than the other, they do favour different cosmetic approaches.  Almond eyes favour strongly favour makeup that highlights their distinctive shape, so lining the top and bottom contours of your eyes is recommended if your eyes fit that bill.   If your eyes are rounder, you should try adding length by adding liner wings or 'cat's eye'...

Summary in Russian:

Определитесь, какого стиля вы будете придерживаться. Определите размер своих глаз. Определите форму глаз. Учитывайте цвет глаз. Приобретите набор подводок. Можно обратиться за помощью к стилисту или визажисту.


Article in English: Before you start making permanent changes to your jeans, put them on inside out and pull and pinch the excess fabric around the inner calf and ankle area that you’d like to make more narrow. Doing this while the jeans are inside out is best because you’ll need to alter the inside seams to taper the jean correctly.

Summary in Russian:

Наденьте джинсы, вывернутые наизнанку.


Article in English: Before you start making your invitations, you should take a trip to an art supply store to get all of the things you need to begin making your invitations. Here's what your shopping list should include:  Construction paper. Choose at least four different colors. Make sure one of them is light enough for you to be able to write on it. Light colors include yellow, light blue, or even white. Scissors. A glue stick. Stencils, stamps, and stickers. Glitter. Colorful markers that won't smear or smell. Large envelopes. Even if you're only making a handful of invitations, it'll take a lot of time and hard work. The process will be easier and more fun if you ask a trusted group of close friends to help you. This will also help generate excitement about your party. Turn this event into a mini-party. Cook dinner for your friends, or create the cards while listening to great music or watching a silly movie. You can even have a card-making sleepover. This will be the paper you'll be writing on, so it should be a light color. Since these invitations are homemade, you can choose a different color every time. Choose a marker color that contrasts nicely with the color of the paper. There are a few things you'll want to write on the invitation:  On the front, tell your guests you're having a birthday party. You can be silly or serious about it. Make sure to tell them whose birthday it's for. On the inside, give your guests the relevant details, like when and where the party is, what they should bring, and whether or not they should RSVP. Since you're writing by hand, you can have fun and tailor each invitation to the guest who will be receiving it. You don't have to do this for every guest, because it may take too long. If your friends are helping, make sure that they have good handwriting! Your invitation will already look nice, but taking a few extra measures will really make it shine. Here's what you can do:  Cut designs of simple shapes like stars, hearts, or flowers, out of the remaining construction paper, and stick them...

Summary in Russian:

Соберите материалы. Если хотите, позовите друзей на помощь. Возьмите кусок плотной бумаги и сложите его вертикально, как книгу. Напишите соответствующую информацию на приглашении. Дополните приглашения индивидуальностью. Положите приглашение в конверт и отправьте по почте вашим гостям.


Article in English: Before you start on the floors, get a jump on the kitchen and bathroom counters. Spray the counters, faucets, and sinks with an all-purpose cleaner and let them soak while you work on the floors. For an even quicker clean, just take a soapy rag and run it over the counters and sinks. To save time and keep dust and hair from flying up, avoid sweeping your floor. Instead, turn off your vacuum's brush roller or put it on the hard floor setting. Vacuum the hard floor to suck up dust and dirt. If you don't have a vacuum, you can still sweep the hard floor. Just ensure that the dirt isn't swept up onto things you've already dusted. Since you've already cleared away clutter and things on the floor, you should be able to spend a few minutes vacuuming the carpet. If you're vacuuming a large space or a whole floor of a house, start in the corner of the room that's opposite from the door. This way you can keep vacuuming right out of the room and into the next room or the hallway without going over areas you've already vacuumed. If you're mopping a small space or want to just do a quick pass over the floor, spray the area with a cleaning spray and rub a microfiber quick mop over it. Continue to do this until dirt or stains aren't visible. If you don't have time to quick mop your floors, just spray a little cleanser right on spots or stains. Use a towel to rub the area clean. Return to the counter tops and use a sponge or cloth to wipe away the all-purpose cleanser that you sprayed. You may need to run water in the sink to completely wash it out. Wipe down the faucets with a dry cloth so they don't get water spots as they dry.

Summary in Russian:

Обработайте поверхности в ванной и кухне универсальным чистящим средством. Пропылесосьте пол. Пропылесосьте ковры и ковровые покрытия. Быстро вымойте полы. Протрите поверхности, раковины и краны.


Article in English: Before you start overclocking, you'll want to make sure you are running the latest drivers on your video card. You can download the latest drivers from the Nvidia or AMD site, depending on which manufacturer you have. Having the latest drivers will ensure that your card is running as stably as possible. Newer drivers often increase overclocking performance as well. To overclock, you will need a few different programs, all of which are available for free. These programs will give you performance benchmarks, allow you to adjust your card timing and voltage, and monitor temperature performance.  Download a benchmark program - There are several available, but one of the quickest and most intuitive is Heaven. It is available for free from Unigine, the developers. Another popular program is 3DMark. Download an overclocking program. While both Nvidia and AMD have overclocking utilities of their own, MSI Afterburner is one of the most popular and widely-used programs. Despite it's name, it will work with virtually every graphics card from both Nvidia and AMD.  Download a monitoring program. Although benchmark and overclocking programs will report temperatures and speeds, sometimes it's good to have another monitor to make sure that all of your settings take. GPU-Z is a lightweight program that will monitor the temperature, clock speed, memory speed, and every other aspect of your graphics card. Going into your overclocking process without being informed can cost you a lot of time and cause you a lot of headaches later on. You want to find the clock speeds that other users who have your exact same card are getting. You also need to find what is generally considered to be your card's highest safe voltage.  Do not immediately apply these numbers to your card. Since every card is different, there's no telling what could happen if you enter the wrong numbers. Instead, use them as a guide during the overclocking process to judge how effective your numbers are. Try forums such as Overclock.net to find other overclockers who...

Summary in Russian:

Обновите драйвера видеокарты. Загрузите все необходимое. Узнайте больше про вашу видеокарту.


Article in English: Before you start planning a way to touch the girl, you've gotta make sure your advances are welcome. If the girl likes you, then she'll stand closer to you, and will generally show that she enjoys your company. Is she making eye contact? Is she smiling, laughing and having a good time? If so, you're on the right track. Here are a few other ways to see if she wants you to touch her:  If she likes you, she will either hold your gaze for a long time or pull away immediately. Either of these signs could mean that she likes you, but sometimes, you could be wrong. SO before you make any spontaneous decisions, make sure to make it clear that the feeling is mutual. If you happen to glance at the girl and you see her staring back at you, then this means that she likes you, although she may quickly dart her head in a different direction. If she pulls away quickly, it could mean she is nervous but still likes you. Brush your arm up against hers, place your hand on the small of her back, or just pass her a pen or a notebook and let your hands linger near each other's. Does she jump back, like she's just placed her hand on a hot burner, or does she let your bodies linger together for a second and give you a smile? If she returns your affection, then she is welcoming your plan to break the touch barrier. Keep the first touch casual and friendly to see how she responds. There's no need for a romantic gesture yet. If the casual approach worked, then try touching her for a little bit longer next time. Place your hand on the small of her back for a few seconds, not just to lead her through a door. Keep your hand over hers for an extra second or two when you hand her a stick of gum. If your knees or legs brush under the table, let them rest there for a little while longer before moving away. This will warm the girl up to more intimate and longer lasting touches, and it will give you a better sense of how much she likes the contact.

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что девушке нравятся ваши прикосновения. Прикоснитесь к ней легко и как бы невзначай. Задержитесь чуть подольше.


Article in English: Before you start playing, it is a good idea to check the game to make sure that you have everything you need. Checking the game parts is also a good way to see everything that comes with the game and learn what it is. Your Monopoly Junior game should include:  game board 4 car movers 1 die 24 Chance cards 48 Ticket Booths Monopoly money Unfold the game board and place it on your playing surface, such as a sturdy table or a carpeted floor. Make sure that all players can access the board with ease. Have each player choose a car mover and place it on the “GO!” space on the board. The booths should be the same color as the player's car mover token. If there are 3 or 4 players, each player should get 10 Ticket Booths. If there are only 2 players, each player should get 12 Ticket Booths. The Banker administers the money in the game, keeping it separate from his or her own money as a player. The Banker still gets to play the game though! Each player receives $31 to start the game. Have the Banker give each player $31 in the following denominations:  Five $1 bills ($5 total) Four $2 bills ($8 total) Three $3 bills ($9 total) One $4 bill One $5 bill Chance cards can be identified by the question mark (?) on the back of each card. Make sure that all of the Chance cards are facing down so that players won’t be able to see what they are before they draw them. Whoever rolls highest number will take the first turn. Play may pass either to the left (clockwise) or to the right (counterclockwise), depending on what you and your fellow players want to do.

Summary in Russian:

Проверьте комплектность игры. Разложите игровое поле. Раздайте каждому игроку домики билетных касс. Назначьте одного игрока банкиром. Попросите банкира выдать каждому игроку стартовый капитал. Перетасуйте карточки “Испытай удачу” и положите их стопкой на ячейку с соответствующим названием в центре игрового поля. Чтобы определить игрока, начинающего игру, каждый игрок должен бросить кубик.


Article in English: Before you start polishing granite, it needs to be free of spills and stains. Fill up a bucket or a sink with warm water. Add a few drops of mild soap like dish detergent and agitate the water to make it bubbly.  Although warm, soapy water is very effective, you can also purchase specialty granite cleaners for everyday cleaning if you prefer. As another option, you can use a 50/50 solution of isopropyl alcohol and warm water in place of soap and other cleansers.  Never use harsh chemicals on granite. Although granite is a hard-wearing material, it needs to be treated gently to keep it looking good. Avoid products that contain lemon, vinegar, lime, ammonia, bleach, or glass cleaners, as these chemicals can break down the sealant and damage the granite over time. Dip a cleaning cloth into the warm water and wring it out to remove the excess water. Use the cloth to wipe away crumbs, spills, and stains from the whole countertop. It’s important that it’s completely clean before you add the polish. Microfiber cloths or nubby washcloths are ideal for cleaning granite. Get a dry microfiber cloth and remove all of the excess soapy water. Work in a circular motion and go over the whole countertop. You may need to swap the microfiber cloth for a dry one if it gets too wet.  Drying the countertop thoroughly prevents streaking.  Alternatively, you can use a terry cloth towel instead of a microfiber cloth. Get a small bowl, baking soda, warm water, and a fork. Mix together 3 parts baking soda to 1 part water until the mixture is smooth and a thick paste forms. Try to get rid of any lumps before you use the paste. Baking soda is also great for removing stubborn stains from granite. You can find granite polish at many home improvement and kitchen stores. Always read the label to ensure that the product is suitable for your countertop before you buy it. Avoid general-purpose polishing products, as these can damage granite. Place a thin, even coating of the baking soda paste or retail granite polish onto the countertop. If you...

Summary in Russian:

Смешайте теплую воду и мягкое моющее средство, чтобы приготовить чистящее средство для гранита. Вымойте столешницу водой с моющим средством. Досуха вытрите столешницу тряпкой из микрофибры. Приготовьте собственное простое средство для полировки из пищевой соды. Приобретите средство для полировки гранита, чтобы добиться лучшего блеска. Нанесите средство для полировки на столешницу. Разотрите средство по поверхности небольшими круговыми движениями. Вытрите полирующее средство влажной тряпкой, чтобы на поверхности не осталось разводов. Если на столешнице есть глубокие царапины, обратитесь к специалистам.


Article in English: Before you start pursuing a girl, keep in mind that rushing her to fall for you is not a good idea. If you rush to get into a relationship with a girl, she might think you are desperate and lose interest in you. Even if you really like a girl, take things slowly when you are first getting to know her. Try to be her friend and get to know her better before you try to make her your girlfriend. Never tell a girl that you love her before you go on a date with her. You should even hold off on telling her that you like her until you have had a few dates. Be polite not only to her but to everyone you encounter. Remember to say "please" and "thank you." Use table manners when you share meals together. You can even open the door for her and make sure she gets home safely. Sincere compliments are another great way to get a girl to feel more comfortable with you. Just make sure that your compliments are direct and thoughtful. Compliment her looks, but also compliment her on things other than her appearance, such as her intelligence, her creativity, and her determination. For example, you could say, “You are such an amazing artist. I really admire your talent.” Or, “Most people don’t have the determination or ability to pass advanced level math classes. I think it’s really cool that you have excelled in such challenging courses.” with her a little. Flirtation is important to show a girl that you really like her and that you are interested in more than friendship. If you are new to flirting, then you will need to learn some techniques first. But often flirtation happens on its own. You may find yourself smiling and locking eyes with the girl you like and not even realize that you have been flirting. Smile at her when you see her and make frequent eye contact as well. These are clear signs that you are interested in her. If she looks away, don’t get worried. This might just mean that she is nervous, which can be a good thing. Looks are not all girls care about, but looking and smelling good will help her to see you as...

Summary in Russian:

Не спешите. Найдите повод, чтобы заговорить с ней. Делайте ей комплименты. Флиртуйте Вам нужно следить за собой, всегда опрятно выглядеть и хорошо пахнуть.


Article in English: Before you start ripping up that carpet with nothing but elbow grease and ambition, it's best to get prepared for the job by getting all the tools you'll need to do it right.  There's nothing expensive required, and everything should be available at any hardware store:  Heavy duty leather gloves with a padded palm are essential to keeping you hands safe. You might encounter sharp nails or tacks while pulling up carpet, and a good pair of gloves will also help you grip the carpet. A dust-mask is also a good protective barrier to use, especially if you have asthma or other respiratory problems. To pry up the carpet and tacks, you'll need a pry bar, pliers, and a hammer. While you can start ripping the carpet up with your hands, getting it started and tearing it free will require some help. To keep the job clean, it's also good to have a roll of duct tape to roll up the carpet and move it after you've cut it loose, as well as a utility knife to cut strips of carpet. Obviously, you'll need to move everything on top of the carpet out of the room and off the carpet before you start pulling it up. This can actually be more time-intensive of a process than pulling the carpet up, which shouldn't take more than 45 minutes or an hour to remove with the right technique. Find temporary homes for beds, chairs, bookcases, and other furniture in the room that's having carpet replaced. Move the furniture carefully into the new space. Don't worry about pushing it over the old carpet and ruining it, since it's coming up anyway. You need to get anything out of the way that will keep the corners of the carpet from coming up easily. Take off any molding or other edging that might be found between the wall and the floor. For the most part, carpet shouldn't be caught beneath the molding or the baseboard, because it's not usually installed that way. If you're replacing it you should probably remove it anyway, before you start with the carpet, but if you're going to keep it, it's best to leave it on. If you're remodeling an entire...

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите необходимые для работы инструменты. Уберите с пола всю мебель. Снимите украшения и другую отделку со стен. Полностью распишите график ремонта. Очистите ковер с помощью вакуумной чистки.


Article in English: Before you start rubbing your dog’s belly, look at his posture. If his body looks fluid and loose, then he’s feeling pretty relaxed and happy. If he looks tense, then he may not be very receptive to having his belly rubbed. If your dog is sleeping, let him sleep rather than waking him up to rub his tummy. Approach your dog. If your dog rolls onto his back as soon as you get closer to him, he is likely demonstrating submissive behavior. This submissive behavior may be accompanied by other submissive actions, such as licking the lips and tucking the tail. To the untrained eye, these actions look like an open invitation by your dog to rub his belly, but this is not necessarily the case.  If your dog becomes submissive when you approach him, he may actually be intimidated by you and will not want you to rub his tummy right away. To make him more feel comfortable with you, get on the ground a small distance away from him. Call out to him and let him come over to you. When you call him, do not reach out to get him to come closer. Your dog may present his belly as a form of submission, but he may also be showing that he trusts you or wants to play. It is not always obvious what type of behavior your dog is showing. If you are unsure if your dog is being submissive versus being trusting or playful, your veterinarian can help you more fully understand the differences. When a dog lies on his back, he is putting himself in a vulnerable position. Provided that you and your dog have developed a close bond, he will probably be comfortable with allowing you to rub his tummy.

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание на осанку своей собаки. Определите, послушна ли ваша собака. Осознайте, почему ваша собака показывает вам свой живот.


Article in English: Before you start searching, spend some time thinking about the person you're trying to locate. Consider any details you can recall about their personality, such as hobbies, favorite idioms, maybe even try to remember middle initials or where they were born. If you know their date of birth, this will also come in handy on your search. You need to try to remember any specific aspects of their personality, likes, dislikes or quirks about the person. As soon as you have gathered your information on the missing person, begin your search. Don’t put off your search for a lost or missing person. The sooner you start, the better your chances of finding the person will be. If you were searching for a while and then stopped, don’t start over or start from scratch. Even if you hit a dead end, pick up where you left off in your search and continue from there. Use a popular search engine to begin your search, such as Google, Bing, or Yahoo. Type in details about the missing person such as their name, age, state (if known or suspected), and occupation. The University of Buffalo has a librarian curated list of the best search engines for web searches as well as for people searches. Just because you don’t turn up any results the first time you try to locate your lost or missing person does not mean you should give up. If you don’t find anything on your first try, try again in a few days and keep trying.

Summary in Russian:

Наведите справки о пропавшем человеке. Начните поиски незамедлительно. Отталкивайтесь от уже найденной информации. Поищите информацию в интернете с помощью поисковика. Будьте настойчивы и не прекращайте поиски.


Article in English: Before you start shooting, make sure your set is ready and everything you need is in place. From the door to the floor to the bedsheets, everything's gotta be ready to go. Create a checklist to complete before you begin shooting. Here are some ideas to get you started:  Set the temperature so that the room is not too hot or too cold. Lighting is set and tested so that the actors don't lose momentum when it's time to perform. All wires should be dressed so that they are not visible on camera, and also so they will not trip anybody. Your actors face planting on the edge of the shower isn't in the script this time. Test the boom mic positioning so that it is not appearing on camera. Did you see Saw V? Your film's going to be better than that. Make sure all props and toys are where the actors expect them so that a dramatic moment isn't ruined by a missing item. And then you'll have actors on your case, too.     Draw the blinds and lock the doors. You don't want little Timmy from next door wandering in right in the middle of the money shot! Also not in the script. Ever. Keep snacks, water, soft drinks, and food available for the cast and crew. People get hungry on the set, especially after all that physical exertion. If they have particular (reasonable) requests, honoring them will go a long way towards having a team that enjoys working with you on set. Take the time to gather everybody round and make sure people know where they have to be at what times. Set a schedule, including dates and times when each scene will be shot, and which actors will be on call at that time. With everything planned, stage set, and actors at the ready, it's time for that line that transcends genres: "Lights, camera, action!"  Don't be afraid to yell "CUT!" when necessary. If the actors need additional direction, it's your job to make sure they give you what you want. And if a drop of sweat falls into that fruit bowl, even if you're halfway to town, start again. That's what the process is like and that's why you love every second of it....

Summary in Russian:

Постройте/подготовьте съемочную площадку. Начинайте съемки. Решайте возникающие проблемы. Завершающий этап.


Article in English: Before you start studying, you’ll have to learn the foundations of the Korean language. The best way to do this is by taking Korean language or writing courses. You may be able to take classes at a local college or community center. Search online for Korean classes close to you and register before the deadline. If you are learning for the first time, you should pick basic or introductory classes. Popular online language learning courses include KoreanClass101, Talk to Me In Korean, TuneIn, Udemy, and Coursera. Some online classes, like KoreanClass 101 and Talk to Me in Korean are free of charge. Other websites like Udemy and Coursera charge a fee for classes but also include an instructor. If you aren't taking in-person classes, consider registering for a paid course so that you can ask the instructor questions when you get stuck. Hangeul has 24 letters, or jamo, with 10 vowels and 14 consonants. Before you can move onto more complex words and phrases, you must memorize the Hangeul alphabet. For example, to write the word "Hangeul," you must know all of the letters. These include ᄒ for h,ᅡ for a, ᄂ for n, ᄀ for g, ᅳ for e and u, and ᄅ for l. The final word looks like 한글. Knowing common phrases will help you communicate if you are visiting Korea and don’t know the language fluently. Learning common phrases like “Hello, how are you?” and “What time is it?” will help you survive if you're in a mostly Korean speaking place.  For instance, to say “Hello” or “Goodbye” you’d say "Anyoung haseyo" (AN-NYEONG-ha-se-yo). The spelling in Hangeul is 안녕하세요. To ask for the time you can say "Jigeum myeoshiyeyo?" (SE-GOON-moi-shia) It's written like "지금 몇시에요?"  Learn how to count to 10 so that you know how to write and say numbers. The basic Korean sentence structure is the subject first, then object, then verb. For example, instead of writing or saying “I rode the horse,” you would say "I horse rode.” Each Korean sentence must end in either an adjective or verb. For example, to say “I am a student,” you’d say “I student”...

Summary in Russian:

Запишитесь на очные курсы корейского языка. Изучайте корейский онлайн. Выучите буквы, из которых состоит хангыль. Выучите распространенные фразы на корейском. Изучите структуру предложения в корейском языке.


Article in English: Before you start taking action to try to lower your resting heart rate, it's important to know what your starting point is. To do this you just need to take your pulse and count the beats. You can do this at the carotid artery (in the neck) or at the wrist.  Be sure that you are resting and relaxed before you start. The best time to do it is before you get out of bed in the morning. To take your pulse at the carotid artery, place your index and middle finger tips lightly on one side of your neck, to the side of your windpipe. Press gently until you find the pulse. To get the most accurate reading, count the number of beats in 60 seconds.  Alternatively count the beats in 10 seconds and multiply by six, or 15 seconds and multiply by four. To measure your pulse at the wrist, place one hand palm up. With the other hand, place the tips of your index, middle and ring fingers below the base of your thumb until you feel the pulse. Alternatively, if you have a stethoscope, you can evaluate your resting heart rate with it. Lift up or remove your shirt to expose the bare skin, place the earpieces in your ears, hold the stethoscope against your chest and listen in. Count the number of beats per minute as you listen. Once you have discovered your resting heart rate you need to find out where it is along the scale of healthy and unhealthy. A normal resting heart rate should be between 60 and 100 beats per minute (bpm). A rate of more than 90 is, however, considered high.  If your heart rate is lower than 60 bpm and you also have the following symptoms —dizziness, shortness of breath and tunnel vision — then you should be evaluated by a doctor. The resting heart rate of well trained endurance athletes can be between 40 and 60 bpm. They will not, however, experience the adverse symptoms, such as dizziness. Test your rate over a few days to get an average. A high resting heart rate isn't an immediate danger, but can lead to longer term health problems. In these cases you should gradually lower your resting heart rate through...

Summary in Russian:

Узнайте свою частоту сердечных сокращений в покое. Измерьте пульс. Оцените ЧСС в покое. Знайте, когда нужно обратиться к врачу.


Article in English: Before you start talking, check out her profile and find something that you have in common or that you find interesting. Reference this in your first or second message. Use it as topic of conversation to show her you are interested in her for more than just her profile picture.  For example, if she mentions that she likes biking, ask her what brand she thinks makes the best bike. Or if she has a photo that appears to be from a vacation, ask her where she travelled and what she thought of it. If you notice a common interest like a band, a hobby, or an organization, tell her your connection to it and ask her what she likes about it. As you continue talking, she may mention something you find interesting. Respond in a way that acknowledges what she said and responds specifically to it. Say something about what she said and then ask a follow up question.  Don’t respond with something like, “Oh, cool!” which makes her have to work to keep talking. Other things like “Sounds like fun,” or “I can’t believe it,” tend to be speed bumps in conversation. If she tells you she likes to play guitar, ask her if she has ever recorded herself playing, and if you could see the video. Other general follow up questions are, “Have you always wanted to do that?” “What was the hardest part of that?” or “Did you start on your own or did someone help you?” Long text messages are okay sometimes, but short is better when you’re first talking to a girl on Tinder. Write a maximum of two sentences, and don’t use lots of commas for complicated sentences. Focus on one thought or point per text so she can give a simple response.  Don’t ramble like this: “I thought that I had seen you before. You were in my chem class, which was so boring. The only time I’ve used chemistry since then is mixing drinks, lol. I made a killer cocktail last weekend. But I ended up forgetting a meeting I had the next day. Keep it simple by saying, “I actually recognized you because we had a chem class together. Do you remember that professor who said ‘um’ all the...

Summary in Russian:

Упомяните что-то, что вас впечатлило в ее профиле. Задавайте содержательные и искренние вопросы. Придерживайтесь коротких, ясных сообщений. Попросите у нее номер телефона или пригласите на свидание.


Article in English: Before you start the dyeing process, make sure that you put on an old t-shirt that you don’t mind getting stained. Then, wrap a towel or smock around your neck to protect your skin from the dye and put on a pair of vinyl gloves to keep the dye from staining your hands and fingernails.  You may also want to apply some petroleum jelly around the edges of your hairline and ears to prevent the dye from staining your skin. Keep in mind that if you get the dye on your skin or nails, it will come off eventually. However, if you get the dye on your clothes or other fabrics, then it may never come out. Your hair needs to be extra clean before you dye it or the dye may not take. Make sure that you shampoo your hair before you dye it. However, do not condition your hair. The conditioner may prevent the dye from penetrating your strands. Not all dyes require mixing. However, if your dye does need to be mixed before you use it, then follow the package instructions for mixing the dye. Use a plastic bowl and a dye brush to mix your dye components together according to the package instructions. If you have a dye that you do not need to mix, then you may still want to transfer the dye to a plastic bowl to make it easier to scoop it out and apply it to your hair. When you are ready to apply the dye, start coating your hair in sections. You may want to use some non-metallic hair clips to secure about half of your hair on top of your head so that you can apply the dye to the bottom layers first.  Use your fingertips or a dye brush to ensure that the dye coats all of your strands evenly. Start at the roots and work out towards the ends of your strands. Some dyes advise you to work the dye into your strands until the dye becomes slightly frothy. Check the package instructions to see if you need to do this. After you have coated all of your strands in the dye, place a shower cap or plastic wrap over your hair and set a timer. The amount of time that you need to leave the dye on your hair will depend on the type of dye you are...

Summary in Russian:

Защитите свою одежду и кожу. Тщательно вымойте волосы. Приготовьте краску. Нанесите краску на волосы. Оставьте краску на указанное в инструкции время. Смойте краску.


Article in English: Before you start this method, make sure to gather your materials. You will need the following:  A plastic container, such as a small Tupperware container Eye makeup remover Tweezers Tissues An eyelash comb As usual, you should wash your hands before you begin to prevent getting bacteria on your fake eyelashes. Make sure you wash for at least 20 seconds, using clean, warm water and antibacterial soap. Do not forget to clean under your fingernails, between your fingers, and the backs of your hands. When you're done, rinse and dry with a clean towel. Make sure to remove your fake eyelashes when you finish washing your hands. You should remove eyelashes with the pads of your fingers instead of your fingertips or tweezers. Grasp the eyelashes between your thumb and forefinger and pull the band inwards. The lashes should come off fairly easily. Simply place the lashes in the container. Lay them on their sides. Add about a tablespoon of makeup remover to the container. If your container is larger, you may need to use more. Use enough that your lashes can comfortably soak in the container. Choose a safe place where the container will not be disturbed by children or pets. Make sure you do not leave the container out for more than 5 minutes. Any longer than this can damage the lashes. After 5 minutes have passed, gently pluck the lashes out of the container. Set them down on a clean piece of paper towel. Make sure the paper towel is sitting on a clean, flat surface. Pick up the lashes with your forefinger and thumb. Use tweezers to remove any bits of glue from the band. Remember to only pull with the tweezers and never pull at the lashes. Pulling at the lashes can cause them to tear. Rinse out your container thoroughly and then add more makeup remover. Do not add as much as before. Add just enough that there's a thin layer of remover at the bottom of the container. Take your tweezers. Use them to drag your lashes back and forth inside the container. Move the lashes from the left side of the container to the right....

Summary in Russian:

Подготовьте все необходимое. Вымойте руки. Снимите накладные ресницы. Положите накладные ресницы в контейнер. Добавьте средство для снятия макияжа в контейнер. Отставьте контейнер на 5 минут. Пинцетом достаньте ресницы. Удалите клей с ресниц с помощью пинцета. Промойте контейнер и добавьте немного средства для снятия макияжа. Медленно полощите зажатые в пинцете ресницы в жидкости для снятия макияжа. Повторяйте процедуру до полной очистки ресниц. Положите ресницы на чистую салфетку и подождите, пока они высохнут. Расчешите ресницы с помощью расчески для ресниц.


Article in English: Before you start to clean, you should take a look at the hamster's cage to see what state it is in.  Look for anything that needs cleaning at least once everyday, even if it's not a scheduled cleaning day.  Cleaning your hamster's cage too often or too little can cause them undue stress, so make sure you are cleaning the right amount when needed.  Look for any droppings or wet areas in the bedding material.  You can spot remove some areas. However, if there are a lot of them you should change the bedding. Pick out any leftover food that your hamster may have left laying around the cage. Change the water daily.  If the bedding material has become soaked or damp near the water dispenser, you may want to change the bedding out. If the walls of the enclosure are looking dirty or smudged, it may be time for a full cleaning. If the cage smells you must clean it fully.  Hamsters have a very sensitive sense of smell and can fall ill if the cage is unclean or the air quality is too poor. Before you get started cleaning, it is a good idea to assemble everything you will need.  This can make the process much easier and less stressful for both you and your hamster.  Collect the following items to get started:  Wash cloth or baby wipes. This will be used for scrubbing and cleaning the cage and anything in it. Disinfectant.  You can use mild, antibacterial hand or dish soap.  Avoid harsh chemicals like bleach as these can harm your hamster.  Pet stores will often carry safe and approved cleaning solutions as well. New bedding to place in the cage after you've cleaned it. Keep about a third of the bedding so they don't get stressed. You won't be able to clean the cage properly unless you have removed your hamster from it.  Place your hamster in a secondary cage, exercise ball, or other safe enclosure while you work.  Handle your hamster gently as you remove them from the cage. Cup your hamster in your hands, fully supporting their entire body. Don't leave your hamster in the exercise ball for more than half an hour as they...

Summary in Russian:

Осмотрите клетку хомячка. Приготовьте все необходимое для уборки. Отсадите хомячка из клетки. Выньте из клетки все аксессуары. Очистите клетку от старой подстилки.


Article in English: Before you start tossing the word around, you need to remember that a lot of people have some narcissistic tendencies but aren't necessarily narcissists. By learning what makes a narcissist, you'll be able to better avoid them and deal with the ones already in your life. Ask yourself if the person:  Has an exaggerated sense of their own importance. Expects or demands constant praise and attention from others. Has little regard for the needs or feelings of others. Acts arrogant or superior to other people. Believes that they are in some way special, and that only other people who are special can truly understand them. Believes that others are envious of them. Takes advantage of others to get what they want. Is obsessed with attaining great power, success, or ideal love. If you are in need of someone who can provide mutual support and understanding, it is best to limit the time you spend with the narcissist in favor of others who can provide you with more of what you need. On the other hand, if the narcissist in your life is interesting or vibrant in other ways, and you do not need additional support, the friendship or relationship may work for the time being.  Make sure that you're not harming yourself by staying in contact with the narcissist. This is especially true if you have a close relationship with them (such as that of spouse or parent), because they will take up more of your time. If you find yourself exhausted by their neediness (they need constant validation, praise, attention, and unwavering patience), then you need to rethink your relationship with them. If a narcissist in your life is abusing you (manipulating you, constantly talking down to you, or treating you as if you have no value), you need to get out immediately, because they are dangerous for your health. If this person is truly important to you, you will need to accept their narcissism. Stop asking or demanding support or attention from the narcissist that they are unable to provide. Doing so will accomplish nothing but making you feel...

Summary in Russian:

Знайте признаки нарциссизма. Поймите, в чем заключаются ваши собственные потребности. Знайте ограничения человека. Стройте свою самооценку на основании других вещей. Относитесь к самовлюбленному человеку с сочувствием.


Article in English: Before you start training your Boxer puppy—or, even better, before you get the puppy—read up on what kind of training is ideal for your breed. Check online, local libraries and local organizations. You can also ask your vet for advice. Remember, the more knowledgeable you are, the better you know how to react under different circumstances. Make sure as well that you have what you need to effectively train your dog. If you're planning to clicker train, get a clicker. If you're planning to crate train, get the right-sized crate. Also be sure to pick up an appropriate collar and leash for general training. A leash should be no more than five to six feet in length. The best leashes for training are leather. Always check your equipment to make sure it is in good order and not liable to snap or break. Training works best when you dedicate a couple of short sessions (10 to 15 minutes) twice a day to it. Try to train at times when the dog is not tired, but also not bursting with pent-up energy.  Consider expending your Boxer's energy before training sessions by allowing him 20 to 30 minutes of high intensity physical activity. This will enable him to better focus on training.  A good time to choose to train a dog is just before a meal, so the dog will be very keen to work to earn those tasty treats. Try to train the dog in a place where there are few distractions, so that your Boxer puppy can focus his attention on you. This means avoiding places with other animals or people. Always begin training in your home or yard and build up to environments with more distractions (e.g., other dogs and more people). Your commands need to be simple, short, clear and consistent. "No", "Drop", "Wait", "Stop," and "Fetch" are strong, simple, and direct. Don't lecture your dog; they're not human so they don't process language in the same way. Phrases like "I've told you not to do that" or "Please stop chewing on the table" will not work as they are too complicated. Experts believe that a given dog registers the first part of the word...

Summary in Russian:

Изучите уместные методы дрессировки. Подберите подходящее время и место для дрессировки. Используйте четкие голосовые команды. Будьте тверды и не теряйте контроль. Подавайте жестовые команды. Будьте своевременны и настойчивы при подаче команд и реагировании на их выполнение. Будьте последовательны.


Article in English: Before you start trimming your horse's hooves, you should learn the parts of the hoof.  Learning the hoof anatomy will help you to know which areas of the hoof need to be trimmed, how they should look, and how best to trim them.  The outer hoof line and wall surround the exterior of the hoof. The coronary band connects the hoof to pastern, which is the part of the leg where the fur starts. The sole of the hoof is the entire area on the bottom of the hoof inside the outer hoof wall. The white line is just inside the outer hoof line. This area is very prone to hoof problems. The frog makes up a large portion of the hoof, starting at the heel and ending in a point at the center of hoof. After your horse's hoof has been fully cleaned and soaked, you will be able to assess which areas need trimming and how best to trim them.  Each hoof will be different every time you go to trim them.  Carefully look over your horse's hoof and decide your best course of action.  If you're unsure how much to trim, aim for trimming less rather than more so you don't injure your horse. If you trim off too much of the hoof, your horse will be very sore. Look for areas that are cracked that might need to be trimmed. Judge how long the the outer hoof wall is. Decide if the front of the hoof will need to be trimmed. See if the outside hoof wall is asymmetrical in any areas. Using the proper position when trimming your horse's hooves can help both you and your horse to be more comfortable during the process.  Holding your horse's hooves correctly can also allow you greater control over the hoof and let you get the hoof as level and well shaped as possible.  Always use the proper position when trimming your horse's hooves.  Hold the front leg by lifting it up and back, towards the horse's chest.  Rest the hoof on your thigh. Lift the back leg directly up and place your own leg in front of it.  Bend over and reach down to work with the hoof. When lifting the horse's leg up, always make sure it is bending with the natural motion of that...

Summary in Russian:

Изучите строение копыта. Выясните, как сильно требуется обрезать копыто. Примите правильное положение для работы. Обрежьте копыто. Зачистите копыто рашпилем. Расчистите подошву. Проверьте внешний вид копыта.


Article in English: Before you start tromping around in the dark with your expensive telescope, you'll need to figure out what you're looking for. Maybe you want to have a gander at the moon, or want to check out the planets. Maybe you're interested in a meteor shower. You'll need to find out timing, place, weather, etc.  If you're trying to observe the stars, for instance, going out on a moon-lit night won't get you very far. Look at books on stars and constellations. These will tell you when the best viewing times are and when the planets are easiest to be seen. Examine sky charts so that when you are out in the dark you know where to point your telescope. Train your eye. To do so, make sketches of the moon and the planets. You don't have to be a great artist to capture them as accurately as possible. This will help you to look more closely at the sky and observe details. You'll need to choose your spot carefully, once you've decided what you're looking for and where it will be. It will need to be accessible at night and have a place with solid level ground for your telescope's tripod.  You'll need to consider light pollution. For instance, if you're in a big city, going up on a high roof (As long as it is safe) can get you away from the worst of the light pollution and allow you to see more clearly. Try to avoid decks and blacktop driveways and concrete. Footsteps on a deck can cause vibrations in the image. Blacktops driveways and concrete can create thermal issues for your telescope. You'll need to practice setting up your telescope and pointing to the correct part of the sky before you start fiddling around at night. Otherwise it is very easy to lose bits of your telescope and forget how to do something. For practice set up your telescope and, using the lowest power eyepiece, point the main scope at something about 100 feet (30.5 m) away like a tree (not the sun!). Center the object in your crosshairs and make sure it's clear. Switch to  a higher powered eyepiece and try again. Make sure that when you're having your big...

Summary in Russian:

Откройте для себя звездное небо. Выберите место для наблюдений. Практикуйтесь. Оставайтесь в комфорте.


Article in English: Before you start trying to conceive, talk to your obstetrician about any trouble you may have had carrying a pregnancy to term in the past. Ask them about testing and lab work options so that they can check for things like chromosomal abnormalities, high androgen levels, or other factors that may lead to miscarriages.  The many variable causes of miscarriages mean that there is no set panel of tests that will be done. Speak openly and honestly about your medical history, family history, and your efforts to become a parent so that your doctor can suggest appropriate testing and potential treatment options. Let your doctor know, "I have a history of certain medical conditions and I would like to discuss whether these impact my current efforts to try and have a baby." If you have a history of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or other conditions that specifically impact your reproductive organs, let your doctor know, "I have an ongoing effort to manage a condition that impacts my reproductive health. How might this impact my ability to carry a baby?" If you have blood type that tests negative for the Rh-factor, you may need a low dose of RhoGAM. This may help prevent problems with future pregnancies where Rh incompatibility is a factor. RhoGAM is administered b injection, and is generally only used with mothers who have Rh-negative blood types carrying a child with an Rh-positive blood type. Hormone imbalance may manifest in a number of ways, including through conditions such as Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, and Endometriosis. If you know you’ve had problems with these conditions in the past, or if you suspect you may have problems relating to your thyroid or adrenal gland, ask your doctor to check your hormone levels.  Some signs of hormonal imbalance may include weight gain, irritability, abnormally heavy periods, irregular periods, missed periods, headaches, back pains, and more.  Some hormonal imbalances may be treated with medication or with supervised therapy from your doctor....

Summary in Russian:

Запишитесь на прием к врачу до зачатия. Узнайте свою группу крови. Обратите внимание на нарушения в гормональном фоне. Исключите возможность хромосомных аномалий. Расскажите врачу о препаратах, которые вы принимаете.


Article in English: Before you start working on a killer username, make sure you can actually use it! For example, most sites will not allow you to use a part of your password or profanity in your username. While using personal information like your full date of birth or your current address may not necessarily be banned, it’s a very bad idea for security reasons. Consider trying things like rhymes, such as "dennisthemenace” or “SillyLily.” Or, use alliteration like "meticulousmathilda" or “PensivePenny.” While these strategies might not be unique in and of themselves, your take on editing your name will be. If you’d prefer not to use your first name, try your middle name! Simply brainstorm a list of your favorite things, then smash two or three of them together into a username. You can create absurd, nonsensical usernames in this way, which increases the chances of having a one-of-a-kind username.  For example, if you like pandas and orcas, you might make your username "PandaWhale." Or, if you’d like a more edgy username, you might try "KillerPanda.” Try using two favorites from different categories. For instance, if you love ice hockey and creating art out of scrap metal, you might become “IceWelder.” Making a username out of what you love to do will not only make it easy to remember, it will make it uniquely personal. You’ll probably have to tack on a number, though, since there are a lot of usernames with things like “swimmer” or “juggler” in them.  One way to do this is to use your pastime in conjunction with your birth year—for example, "climber86" or "fictionauthor91." If you’d prefer not to use your birth year for privacy or security purposes, choose another memorable set of digits. For instance, if you’ll always remember that you did your first stand-up comedy routine in 2014, you might become “OpenMic14.” Like most people, you probably have one or two interests, traits, feelings, or habits that your friends and family attribute only to you. These are things that set you apart from the bulk of the population, and can...

Summary in Russian:

Узнайте, какие правила в отношении имен пользователей существуют на сайте. Поиграйте со своим именем. Объедините две или несколько вещей, которые вам нравятся. Объедините любимое занятие и значимое для вас число. Подумайте о своей особой привычке или необычном интересе. Объедините вещь, которая вам нравится, или свой интерес с прилагательным. Убедитесь, что ваше имя звучит в соответствии с тем впечатлением, которо вы желаете производить.


Article in English: Before you start working on the pleated, fluffy upper part of the chef’s hat, you first have to make the band that serves as the base of the hat. Use a tape measure to measure the circumference of your head so you can customize the hat especially for you and don’t end up making one that is too big or small. Measure your head by wrapping the tape measure around your head directly above your ears, where the brim of the hat will lie. After you measure your head, add one inch (2.54 cm) on to the measurement number. It’s a good idea to make the brim a little bit larger than the size of your head so that it isn’t too snug. Take a piece of Bristol board, cardstock or stiff, white paper and draw a long rectangle using pencil, with the measurement that you calculated as its length. Decide how tall you want the brim of your hat, then use that number as the width. You can alter the band’s height to make the band taller or shorter, depending on your preference. Anywhere between 2 and 8 inches (5 and 20.3 cm) is generally a good height for the brim. Use a pair of sharp scissors to cut the rectangular band out of the paper. Try to cut in straight, even lines to make the hat look crisp and professional.

Summary in Russian:

Измерьте обхват головы сантиметровой лентой. Прибавьте 2,5 см к своей мерке. Начертите ленту-основание колпака на толстой белой бумаге. Вырежьте начерченную полосу.


Article in English: Before you start writing, it is best to plan out your organization strategy.  A unique feature of a comparative essay is that you have several different organizational strategies to choose from.  Use a traditional outline form if you would like to, but even a simple list of bulleted points in the order that you plan to present them would help. You can also write down your main points on sticky notes (or type them, print them, and then cut them out) so that you can arrange and rearrange them before deciding on a final order. Address both halves of the comparison in each paragraph. This means that the first paragraph will compare the first aspect of each subject, the second will compare the second, and so on, making sure to always address the subjects in the same order.  The advantages of this structure are that it continually keeps the comparison in the mind of the reader and forces you, the writer, to pay equal attention to each side of the argument. This method is especially recommended for lengthy essays or complicated subjects where both the writer and reader can easily become lost. For Example: Paragraph 1: Engine power of vehicle X / Engine power of vehicle Y Paragraph 2: Stylishness of vehicle X / Stylishness of vehicle Y Paragraph 3: Safety rating of vehicle X / Safety rating of vehicle Y Devote every other paragraph to one of the subjects. This means that the first paragraph will compare one aspect of a subject and the second, the same aspect of the other subject; the third paragraph will compare a second aspect of a subject and the fourth, the same aspect of the second subject – and so on, making sure to always address each subject in the same order.  The advantages of this structure are that it allows you to discuss points in greater detail and makes it less jarring to tackle two topics that radically different. This method is especially recommended for essays where some depth and detail are required. For example:Paragraph 1: Engine power of vehicle XParagraph 2: Engine power of vehicle YParagraph...

Summary in Russian:

Набросайте план. Посвятите каждый абзац отдельному аспекту. Чередуйте объекты от абзаца к абзацу. Сразу опишите все, что касается одного объекта.


Article in English: Before you start writing, take a few moments to write down the work experience you've gained in your career that's relevant to the position you're applying for as well as any skills you have that make you an attractive candidate. Don't waste time with skills or experiences that aren't relevant to the position — you're trying to show why you're a good choice for this job specifically, not any random job. For instance, let's say that you're applying for a government job in an IT position. If you have past experience in computer/technology-related positions, you'll definitely want to include this. You probably won't want to include unrelated work, like the summer's worth of experience we got from working on a fishing barge. In addition, you'll want to include any proprietary skills we have that might aid in our job, like knowledge of basic programming languages. Most sources agree that EOIs should be as clear and concise as possible. To make the task of keeping your EOI brief easier, it can be useful to boil the point of your EOI down to a single sentence (as you might do for your thesis statement when writing an essay for school). Since it can seem a little blunt or mercenary to simply write, "I want this letter to get me a job," try to focus on what the job means to personally and professionally and how you can excel in the position. For instance, in our IT position example, you might whittle your EOI's purpose down to something like the following: "The purpose of this letter is to demonstrate how I can use my unique skills and experience in a high-demand IT role." You probably wouldn't want to be so cavalier as to say, "The purpose of this letter is to show that I'm the best and that I should get the job." Theoretically, someone applying for a job opening may have many other choices. Just as your EOI should tell your employer why you are a good fit for the job, it should also tell why the job is a good fit for you, What about this job makes it more appealing than other ones? How does it match up with your...

Summary in Russian:

Пересмотрите свои знания и опыт и составьте перечень. Выделите самое основное. Определите, почему вы хотите получить именно эту работу. Подумайте, почему работодатель должен предпочесть вас другим кандидатам.


Article in English: Before you start writing, think about the audience you are addressing. Are you addressing the entire student body? Just one grade? A classroom?  So, if you’re talking to one classroom, don’t only talk to the classroom about a general problem the school has. Talk to the classroom about how that general problem affects them and how you can change it. For example, don’t say: “The breaks in between homeroom and first period aren’t long enough.” Say: “Everybody in homeroom has gotten at least one demerit for being late to first period.  We can’t get all the way from North Campus to South Campus in time. Elect me as homeroom representative, and I won’t let the administration forget it.” All writing has a beginning, middle and end.  Outlining your thoughts first will help you stay on track as you write the speech. The beginning needs to catch people’s attention and raise the questions you’re going to answer. The middle needs to provide the answers, and the end connects the answers back to the questions. In very simple terms: You tell them what you’re going to tell them. Then, you tell them. Then you tell them what you told them. Open your campaign speech with your theme, or main idea. You don’t stand anything to gain by beating around the bush, because people naturally want to pay attention to themselves. You have to convince them to listen to you. For example:  Don’t say: “My name is Joe Blow, and I’m running for City Council. I’m a member of…” Instead, get right to it. Say: “Not a single person in this city thinks the parking situation on Main St. is adequate. No one.” There's a lot of ways to get this done. You can use a story, a challenge, a joke, or just vividly describe a problem. You just need to get the audience's attention quickly. Earn their attention, don't expect it to come to you. Once you’ve got their attention, don’t let go.  The middle of your speech needs to explain the issues you raised in the introduction and convince people that you can do something about them, but you need to vary the way you...

Summary in Russian:

Учитывайте потенциальную аудиторию. Составьте план речи. Сразу переходите к сути. Приводите доказательства. В завершение удвойте ставки.


Article in English: Before you start your campaign, know with certainty how you will ask for money and why you need it. As crowdfunding consultant Sydney Malawer put it, “Do you have a legitimate ask besides 'we want money'?” People want to feel that they are a part of something big and important. They want to know that their money will play a significant role in accomplishing that goal. People crowdfund for all sorts of reasons: new business ventures, projects or causes they care about (e.g., a family member, friend or pet who is sick). To justify and support your goals, you'll need to be clear about what the money will do. For personal causes, outline clearly how the money will be used and what impact it will have. For commercial ventures, use graphs where useful. Write out an estimated budget for your campaign, based on any quotes you've received from manufacturers, insurers, lawyers, suppliers and distributors. For personal causes, describe what the money is for and how it will be used. E.g., $1000 will pay for Sharon's mortgage as she undergoes four weeks of chemotherapy. If this sounds like a lot of work, it doesn't have to be. Just be transparent about what you are trying to achieve. Both Kickstarter and Indiegogo provide helpful tips on their websites. Mycause.com.au, which specialises in cause-related crowdfunding, offers their fundraisers 24/7 email and phone support. Mike del Ponte wrote a great post on “Hacking Kickstarter,” offering a list of factors to consider that contribute to campaign success,  and the Unreasonable Institute shared some good lessons from their failed campaign. Images can make or break a campaign. If you are crowdfunding for a commercial project, consider getting a professional videographer who is willing to work pro-bono, or make a video yourself. Focus on telling a compelling story. Keep it under three minutes in length. For personal causes, find heartwarming and emotional photographs, and upload them to your page. The more visuals you have, the better.

Summary in Russian:

Определитесь, зачем вы это делаете. Хорошо ознакомьтесь со всеми аспектами поставленных целей. Сформулируйте задачи. Узнайте как можно больше непосредственно о краудфандинге. Найдите видеографера.


Article in English: Before you start your dog on a diet, check with the vet. Many clinics run a dog weight loss program where your pet is weighed and you can get specific instructions about how much to feed your dog. These regular weigh-ins, firm target, and moral support can make you more likely to succeed in putting your dog on an effective diet. Your vet may recommend one of the following diets:  High Fiber/Low-Fat Diet: These contain fiber which expand in your dog's stomach, making him feel full. The package instructions should clearly state how much to feed your dog based on a target (goal) weight. Metabolic diets: These are more high tech and feed the genes that improve your dog's metabolism. Increasing metabolism can make your dog burn more calories, causing him to lose weight. Pay attention to how much you're currently feeding your dog. If your dog is fed twice a day, weigh out the total amount so you know how much he's eating. However, if your dog has food constantly available, it's harder to determine how much he's eating. This makes it more difficult to know how much to cut down. If this is the case, look at the food package and see how much it advises feeding a dog at your dog's target rate. For most dogs, the package will advise a weight range. For example, 300 to 350 grams of food a day. You'd want to choose the lower amount of 300 grams. Once you've determined how much your dog needs to eat a day, reduce the amount by 5 to 10%. For example, if you are feeding 300g of kibble a day, 10% of this is 30g, so the new amount is 270g. Feed this reduced amount for one or two weeks and weigh your dog. Hopefully, he loses weight, but if he hasn't, deduct another 5 to 10% from his daily food amount. Weigh your dog again after feeding the reduced amount for another week or two. Don't be upset or worried if the portion size looks small or your dog pesters you for food. This is a normal concern when putting a dog on a diet. If you're really unsettled, you may want to feed a prescription weight loss diet instead. Since you'll be...

Summary in Russian:

Проконсультируйтесь с ветеринаром. Проследите, сколько еды потребляет ваша собака каждый день. Урежьте порцию еды, которую вы даете собаке. Иногда давайте собаке лакомства, которые ей не навредят. Пусть собака “зарабатывает” еду. Следите за снижением веса собаки.


Article in English: Before you start your etching, you'll want to make sure you have enough of a suitable acid to complete your project — having to run out to the hardware store in the middle of your etching project is a serious pain. Muriatic acid (also called hydrochloric acid) is the most common type of acid used for this project. It's difficult to say exactly how much acid any given project will need because the acid is usually sold in varying strengths. In very general terms, 1⁄4 gallon (0.9 L) of acid (when properly diluted) will cover about 50-70 square feet of concrete (about 4.5-6.5 square meters).  Other suitable acids for etching include phosphoric acid and sulfamic acid. The latter is an especially good choice for first-timers because it is much less caustic and dangerous than the other acids.  If you're unsure of whether you have the right type of acid, check the label on its packaging — most suitable products will mention that they can be used for concrete etching purposes. To begin, remove any any all furniture, vehicles, and other obstructions from the area you intend to treat. Etching acids can permanently damage common objects if allowed to remain in contact with them for even short periods of time, so have them well out of the way by the time you start your project. You'll also want to give the area a good sweeping to remove accumulated dust, dirt, or grime. The acid needs to be able to touch every part of the concrete's surface to react properly with it. Even small pieces of debris can interfere with the reaction, potentially causing an uneven etching. If you're etching concrete in your garage or on your driveway, there's a chance that there may be oil or grease stains on the driveway from your vehicle. Etching acids can't penetrate through oily substances, which means that any concrete under an oil stain will go un-etched. To remove oil and grease stains, try scrubbing with a commercial degreasing product — these are available from most home improvement stores for fairly cheap. Alternatively, try using...

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите соляную или другую подходящую для травления кислоту. Уберите с бетона все лишнее. Воспользуйтесь средством для удаления жировых загрязнений, чтобы избавиться от масел и смазочных материалов. Промойте всю область со шланга.


Article in English: Before you start your muscle-building workout season, consult a doctor. Muscle-building exercises are highly demanding to your body, and people with some chronic illnesses (such as cardiac conditions, high blood pressure, or stroke) may not be candidates for this type of workout. If you have high blood pressure (hypertension) you should not do heavy weightlifting without consulting your doctor. If your blood pressure is above 180/110 mm Hg, do not lift weights until you have normalized your blood pressure with medications. Strength training engages the muscles in your body and makes them work against a resistance. When you make your muscles work against a resistance, you are forcing your muscle fibers to respond to the added stress which leads to enhanced muscle size and definition. In order to build muscle, you need to add strength (also called resistance) training to your weekly routine.  Typical strength training programs use free weights (dumbbells, barbells), exercise machines, elastic tubing, or even just the body weight (pushups, pull-ups, crunches). Plan a balanced, total body  strength training program to build the muscles in your body (see third section). Muscle building is not fat burning. The best way to add muscle mass is weight training, while the way to get rid of muscles is extended cardio (you've never seen a Marathon runner with big muscles, have you?).  However, you should not forget cardio exercises entirely as these strengthen your cardiorespiratory system and have numerous other health benefits, including improving bone strength, reducing blood pressure, reducing risk of chronic illnesses (diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular conditions), and improved mood. Also keep in mind that reducing overall body fat with cardio can cause muscles to "pop," and your body can look leaner and stronger. The key when planning cardio routine during muscle-building season is to do shorter sprints instead of long, aerobic workouts. Focus on 20 minute high-intensity exercises with 30 to 60 second high-intensity...

Summary in Russian:

Проконсультируйтесь с инструктором по фитнесу и/или врачом. Составьте план силовых тренировок. Не занимайтесь слишком много кардио-упражнениями. Отдыхайте, отдыхайте и еще раз отдыхайте. Научитесь правильно выполнять упражнения и помните о рисках.


Article in English: Before you start, you should unplug the dryer to prevent accidents. The plug is usually located behind the machine. Test it to be sure that you have unplugged it correctly. If you have a gas dryer, you will also want to shut off the gas. You've probably noticed that lint gets everywhere. There seems to be a cloud of it anytime you open your dryer or fiddle with the trap. Of course, this means that lint works its way into all the cracks and crevices of your machine and you'll want to be sure to clean it at least once a year to prevent problems.  A dryer blocked up with lint can dry inefficiently and even cause fires. The lint trap should, of course, be cleaned out after every use. This is very important because if you don't, new lint won't have anywhere to go, creating a mess and increasing the amount of time needed to dry a load of clothes. Use a vacuum cleaner to clean out behind the lint trap every few weeks to every few months, depending on how much lint your items create and how well your trap catches the lint.  Pull out the lint trap and vacuum the tube that is on the other side. You might also want to vacuum out the exhaust tubes, although these are often difficult to reach or inaccessible. The moisture sensor, which is on most modern machines, tells your dryer when the clothes are dry. If it's covered in lint it won't work correctly, which can lead to your dryer turning off before everything is dry. Wipe the bar down with rubbing alcohol to clean it and keep your dryer running correctly.  These are usually found near the lint trap or at the back of the machine. They will look like two long, silver strips of metal and are usually surrounded by or mounted on plastic. If you don't clean these often, you might need to scrub with something a little more substantial, like a Magic Eraser. Much like you can lift the top of your stove to clean below the heating elements, you can open up your dryer if you're brave and clean the lint that builds up around the drum. Different dryers open in different ways, so...

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что сушильная машина выключена, и выньте вилку из розетки. После каждого использования очищайте ловушку для ворса, а раз в год полностью чистите сушильную машину. Чистите ловушку для ворса пылесосом. Протрите датчик влажности. Откройте окружающую барабан панель. Установите панель обратно.


Article in English: Before you start, you should unplug the dryer to prevent accidents. The plug is usually located behind the machine. Test it to be sure that you have unplugged it correctly. Make a paste with baking soda and a few drops of water. Then, spray the inside of the drum with bleach water or a bleach cleaning product like Clorox. With a scrubbing sponge, put the paste onto the area you want to scrub and start scrubbing. When you're done, rinse with a wet rag. This should help remove some of the dye.  Make bleach water by mixing 1-2 cups of bleach with 1 gallon (3.8 L) of water. You'll want to wear kitchen gloves while you do this, as the bleach and baking soda can be very harsh on your skin. Now to remove the rest of the dye. Soak some old towels or a large number of rags in more of the bleach water that you mixed previously. Just get them thoroughly soaked, they should not need to be in the water for more than 5 minutes. Wring the towels out, to remove excess water. Run the towels through the fluff cycle on the dryer for about 30 minutes. This should have removed most if not all of the dye. However, if more remains, you can repeat the towel process a few times to see if any more can be removed. Once you've removed as much of the product as you can, mix a bucket with soapy water. Use this water and a clean cloth to wipe down the inside of the drum. With the dryer rinsed out, run a load of old towels through a cycle in the dryer to remove any ink which might still remain.

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что сушильная машина выключена, и выньте вилку из розетки. Сначала поскребите барабан раствором отбеливателя и мягким абразивом. Смочите в растворе отбеливателя полотенца. Выжмите полотенца. Высушите полотенца в машине. При необходимости повторите. Вымойте барабан. Загрузите в сушильную машину старые полотенца и запустите ее.


Article in English: Before you start, you should unplug the dryer to prevent accidents. The plug is usually located behind the machine. Test it to be sure that you have unplugged it correctly. Use an ice pack to harden the gum. Hold the ice pack directly on the gum. You may need to move the pack slightly to hit different parts of the gum. Using a credit card or plastic windshield wiper, scrape off as much of the gum as you can. If there are any more pieces which are stubborn, you can remove these with a straight razor, like you would use to remove paint from glass.  Be extremely careful when you do this. You should not move the razor toward your body and you should try to keep your fingers out of the way. Make small movements and use minimal force. You can try to soften the gum by blowing it with an air dryer and then scrape it off of the drum. Gum tends to be notoriously difficult to remove. If you still can't get it off, use a commercial product like Goo Gone, which is designed to remove gum. With all of the gum removed, you can wipe down the inside of the drum with soap and water to remove any remaining sugar stickiness.

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что сушильная машина выключена, и выньте вилку из розетки. Приложите к жевательной резинке лед, чтобы она стала тверже. Удалите основную часть жевательной резинки скребком. Осторожно удалите остатки резинки лезвием. Потрите барабан покупным чистящим средством. Вымойте барабан водой с мылом.


Article in English: Before you start, you should unplug the dryer to prevent accidents. The plug is usually located behind the machine. Test it to be sure that you have unplugged it correctly. Using a spatula or an old credit card, scrape any large pieces of crayon that may be left off of the dryer drum. Get an old rag and spray it with WD-40. You should be very sure not to spray the drum itself with the WD-40, just the rag. Use the rag to wipe at the spots covered in crayon. Try not to cover any more area with the WD-40 than you have to. This should allow you to remove all of the crayon without too much difficulty. Switch which part of the rag you wipe with frequently to keep from spreading the crayon any more. Once you've removed all of the crayon, or at least as much as you can, you'll want to mix up a bucket with soapy water and use a sponge or washcloth to clean the WD-40 out of the drum. Pay extra attention to the spots with the WD-40. With the dryer rinsed out, run a load of old towels through a cycle in the dryer to remove any crayon which might still remain.

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что сушильная машина выключена, и выньте вилку из розетки. Соскребите крупные остатки мелков. Побрызгайте на тряпку аэрозолем WD-40. Протрите загрязненное место. Вымойте внутреннюю поверхность барабана водой с мылом. Загрузите в сушильную машину старые полотенца и запустите ее.


Article in English: Before you starting piling into the car, work out who gets to sit where. A window seat will offer you a better view, or you might prefer to have the back row to yourself so you can stretch out and take a nap. Switch seats periodically so that you're not always stuck looking at the same thing. Try not to complain about where you sit. When you're traveling with a big group, somebody will inevitably end up sandwiched in the middle. On the day you hit the road, put on something lightweight and loose-fitting that you don't mind wearing for hours. A simple t-shirt and a pair of jeans or sweatpants is always a good combination. It can also help to wear shoes that you can slide into and out of quickly for when you stop.  If the weather outside is hot, it's a good idea to pick out short-sleeved clothing. Likewise, if you're up against a winter chill, slip on a heavy jacket just in case it gets nippy in the car.  Your main concern should be how you feel, not how you look—nobody will be judging you on your appearance at a rest stop. Cram most of your luggage (including your clothing, toiletries, and electronics) into the first bag and stow it in the back, then pack whatever you think you might want with you in the car in the second. That way, you'll always have a few entertainment options close at hand.  Make sure your “carry on” bag isn't so big that it becomes a nuisance or takes up valuable leg room. In most cases, a backpack, messenger bag, or tote will be just the right size. This additional bag could hold things like books, magazines, a tablet or portable media device, a journal, or small games and other knick knacks. Packaged items are the most convenient, since they won't go bad and don't need to be heated up. Things like crackers, granola bars, mixed nuts, chocolate, and bottled water will give you the energy you need to handle a seemingly endless car ride without getting cranky.  If you have room, fill a small cooler with healthier offerings, such as fresh fruit and yogurt.  Nibbling on a little something here...

Summary in Russian:

Правильно расположитесь в автомобиле. Выбирайте удобную одежду. Оставьте место для двух сумок. Возьмите легкие закуски.


Article in English: Before you steam clean your face, you need to clean it first. Otherwise, you might cause even more pimples. Wet your face with lukewarm water. With your fingertips, apply cleanser to your face. Rinse your face with lukewarm water. Make sure to remove all the excess cleanser. Pat dry using a clean towel. You can add an acne-fighting essential oil to your steam. This can give your nose some extra cleansing. You can try tea tree oil, orange oil, lavender oil, rosemary oil, or peppermint oil. You may want to use the same oil that is in your cleanser or try a different oil completely. Heat one quart of water until it boils. When the water starts to boil, remove it from the heat. Then, pour the water into a heat proof bowl and add a few drops of your chosen essential oil. If you don't have any essential oils, you can substitute ½ teaspoon of the dried herb for each quart of water. Opening your pores using steam can help clear your skin and help the astringents effectively dry out the pimples on your nose  To steam your face, begin by covering your head with a large towel. When the water has cooled a bit but is still steaming, hold your face over the steaming pot. Make sure to stay at least 12 inches (30.5 cm) above it.  Close your eyes. Remain over the steam for 10 minutes with the towel over your head. This helps open your pores. Never put your face too close to hot water. This can cause scalding and damage blood vessels. After 10 minutes, remove your face from the steam. Cover your face with a cold washcloth. After holding the cold cloth on your face for 30 seconds, return to the steam.  Repeat this 3 times, ending with the cold treatment each time. The idea is to contract and expand surface capillaries, which can tone your skin and improve circulation. When you are finished, rinse your face with lukewarm water. Gently pat your face dry without rubbing your skin. Then, apply a non-comedogenic moisturizer to your face. You can do this steam treatment twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, to try to get...

Summary in Russian:

Вымойте лицо. Выберите эфирное масло. Налейте в миску кипяток. Подержите лицо над паром. Повторите данную процедуру. Ополосните и высушите лицо.