Article in English: The recommended minimum size for your hamster’s cage is at least 18 inches (width) x 13 inches (height) x 25 inches (length), which is equal to 450 square inch floor space, which is the minimum for humanely housing a hamster of any type. The 13 inch height is to allows you to fit a 10-12 inch wheel for a Syrian hamster.  However, bigger is always better, since your hamster will want plenty of space to run, climb, and play. Your hamster will also want to have separate areas to go to the bathroom, sleep, and store food, which will necessitate a very spacious cage.  If you will be housing more than one hamster in the same cage, the cage will need to be even bigger to give each hamster plenty of room. A good guideline to follow is the minimum floor space times the number of hamsters to be put in the cage Some Dwarf hamsters can be housed together in pairs, but only in same-sex pairs to prevent breeding. Roborovski and Russian Campbells are the best hamsters to be housed in pairs.   Keep in mind that Syrian hamsters are very territorial and should never be housed together. However, they can be housed  near  each other in separate cages, so long as they can't be disturbed by each others presence. So a rule of thumb should be to separate their cage by 4-6 inches. A poorly ventilated cage can lead to the build-up of ammonia, which is toxic to your hamster and can lead to respiratory problems. Poorly ventilated cages can also lead to bacterial growth, which could also make your hamster sick. Wire cages tend be very well ventilated, but aquariums and plastic hamster cages are often poorly ventilated. Your hamster may start to have trouble breathing if his aquarium or plastic cage is not well ventilated. If you notice that he is not breathing properly or looks unwell in general (not eating, playing as much or has physical signs of illness), consider cleaning his cage to remove soiled bedding. You may also want to consider purchasing a wire cage, that is of adequate size. You will need clean your hamster’s cage once or...

Summary in Russian:

Подберите хомячку клетку подходящего размера. Выберите хорошо вентилируемую клетку. Остановите свой выбор на клетке, которую будет легко чистить. Выбирайте клетку с монолитным пластиковым дном. Определите, какой тип клетки будет идеальным для вашего вида хомячка. При выборе клетки учитывайте свои финансовые возможности.


Article in English: The recommended specifications are an Intel Pentium 3 1.5Ghz or higher, at least 512MB of RAM, and nVidia GeForce FX or later, and at least 1GB of hard disk space. Project64 is a Windows program. Most computers released since 2009 should be able to run the emulator with little issue. Older versions are available for interested users.

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что ваш компьютер отвечает минимальным системным требованиям: Скачайте последнюю версию Project64.


Article in English: The rectus abdominis (your "six pack" muscle) stretches from the bottom of your chest down to your pelvis. Though many work out the upper and middle portions of this muscle with sit-ups and crunches, for a strong, defined V cut, it's best to include workouts that hit the lower abs as well. A varied lower ab routine, in addition to building strength and definition in the region, can build overall core strength and reduce the risk of back pain. Below are some examples of lower ab exercises that can help you work on that V cut.

Summary in Russian:

Займитесь разнообразными упражнениями по укреплению мышц нижнего пресса.


Article in English: The region enclosed by the circle at the bottom of the cylinder is your bottom base surface (B). A radius is any line segment that runs from a circle’s center to its perimeter. To find the radius, simply measure from the mid-point of the cylinder’s bottom to the outside of the circle. A diameter is any straight line segment that passes through the center of the circle and has endpoints on the circle’s perimeter. For any circle, the diameter will be twice the radius. Therefore, you can also find the radius of the circle at the bottom of the cylinder by measuring the complete radius and dividing that number in half. Once you know the radius of your bottom base surface (B), you can calculate the area. To do so, use the formula B = πr2, using your radius as r and 3.14159 for π, which is a mathematical constant. You can now determine the total volume of the tank by multiplying the area by the length of the tank. The full formula for total volume of the tank is Vtank = πr2h. The filled volume is just a shorter cylinder with the same radius but a different height: the fill height, d. Therefore: 𝑉 = π𝑟2h.

Summary in Russian:

Измерьте радиус окружности в основании цилиндра. Найдите площадь основания цилиндра. Посчитайте общий объем цилиндра. Определите заполненный объем.


Article in English: The relationship between you and your doctor or midwife is very important. When you are pregnant, make sure that you are working with a healthcare professional whom you trust. Talk to your doctor about your baby's development, and the best ways for you to hear the heartbeat, both at home and in her office. Choose a doctor who thoroughly and patiently answers all of your questions. Ask your doctor when you can first expect to hear the heartbeat. Most physicians will schedule for a prenatal exam in your ninth or tenth week. Before your visit, make sure to prepare a list of questions to ask your doctor. The moment will be even more special if you understand what is happening and what to expect. This will be an exciting and emotional visit. Ask your partner or a close friend or family member to come with you to the appointment to share in your excitement. Talk to your doctor about what type of exam he will use to hear the heartbeat. Typically, you will first hear the sound when your doctor or technician uses a fetal doppler, which uses sound waves to amplify the heartbeat. You will lie down on an exam table and the doctor will move a small probe on the surface of your stomach. This is a painless procedure. While your doctor can usually detect the baby's heartbeat at nine to 10 weeks, sometimes it takes until 12 weeks to easily detect it. If your doctor schedules you for an early ultrasound, you may be able to hear the heartbeat through ultrasound as soon as your eighth week of pregnancy. This is typically performed early if you have some elevated risk factors in your pregnancy. Otherwise, the doctor will typically wait until you are at least 10–12 weeks along. Be aware that your doctor might be able to use a stethoscope to listen to your baby's heartbeat. However, this instrument is not as powerful as others, so he likely will not do this until you are well into your second trimester. Your doctor or midwife might also use a fetoscope, which is specially designed to listen to fetal heartbeats.

Summary in Russian:

Общайтесь со своим врачом. Подготовьтесь к визиту к врачу. Фетальный доплер. Проведите ультразвук. Различайте приборы.


Article in English: The relationship will not move on without an apology. If she hasn't given you one, ask her. It might be difficult to tell if the apology is heartfelt, but ask your girlfriend for some time to process all that has transpired. When the time is right, your acceptance will begin to mend the relationship. Keep in mind that this might not be the end of the issue. Even if she is truly sorry, your relationship will likely need work, which will require both of you to work together. If you decide to work through the incident and keep the relationship going, talk about trust. The hurt that occurred will drive a huge wedge between you, but deciding to be together means regaining that closeness. Communicate with one another and express changes that should occur in the relationship. Avoid stripping each other of any and all privacy (i.e. checking cell phones, demanding social media passwords); the relationship must have the enjoyable will of being with each other. Being betrayed by someone you care about can leave you seething with anger. It's likely that the memory of this incident will remain with you for a long time. That feeling of anger must be replaced by forgiveness, which in this case forgiveness means the release of anger in hopes of happiness. Mending your relationship will take time, and you'll feel more patient as you forgive her. A new relationship must be built. It's up to you and her to move past the incident. Stay true to your decision. Help each other by looking forward to a new and better relationship. Do not dwell on the past. If your relationship is going to work, do not take any fight as an opportunity to bring up the mistake she made. Your decision to be with her should be driven by better communication and future-oriented thinking. Discussing issues with her might be difficult. Even though you you are moving towards a better future, an incident of cheating can be too big for you to handle on your own. Seek a professional therapist or relationship counselor if you feel as though you can't get...

Summary in Russian:

Примите извинения. Обсудите вопрос доверия. Учитесь прощению. Обсудите совместное будущее. Живите дальше. Поговорите со специалистом.


Article in English: The remedy second to the miracle powers of ice is toothpaste. The texture and bite somehow fool the brain into feeling like the area is being scratched, so there's psychological satisfaction as well. Dab a bit on the area, wait a few minutes, and the symptoms will subside. You'll need to reapply in about 5 hours or so -- or whenever the symptoms wear off. That's probably enough to find (or make) ice, though -- probably a preferable option. It's not the best home remedy, but it can lessen your symptoms and get you feeling a bit better, albeit very temporarily (probably around half an hour). Just enough time to get a hold of a better cure. You may have read about using a tea bag or tobacco on the area. Don't bother - neither "remedy" will not help your sting. There are a number of products out there on the market for stings, but none of them is as good as an old-fashioned bag of ice. But if you're curious, here are some details.  Skeeter Stik or Survivor Gel Stick are basically tubes of "travel-relief" when camping or otherwise away from the amenities of everyday life. It's a great idea in theory, but not very effective. Some may contain ammonia, which can irritate your skin. Caladryl can help. However, most creams, like Benadryl Extra Strength Itch Stopping Cream, are just okay. You might have relief for a few minutes. Hydrocortisone cream is better, but caladryl is best.

Summary in Russian:

Используйте зубную пасту. Если у вас нет под рукой других средств, намажьте на место укуса толстый слой меда. Вероятно, стоит подумать о принятии фармацевтических препаратов, но не полагайтесь на них всецело.


Article in English: The required engine size is dependent on the amount of power that the generator will need to supply. A good rule of thumb for a useful, compact generator is to choose an engine in the range of 5 to 10 horsepower. Note that most engines rate their horsepower at a speed of 3,600 rotations per minute (RPM). These motors are about the size of lawn mower engines, and are typically available at lawn equipment stores, industrial supply shops or power equipment outlets. This head will use an internal magnet to create electricity when the shaft mounted magnet is spun by the external engine. For most applications, output levels of 2,500 to 5,000 watts is suitable. In sizing the head, use the specification of the manufacturer to determine the engine size needed to drive that head. As a rough estimate, a generator can produce about 900 (749 watts per horsepower is the actual conversion) watts per input horsepower. Heads are available through industrial supply outlets and industrial equipment catalogs. This alternator will generate 12 volts DC when the shaft is driven by the external engine. The alternator chosen must have a built-in voltage regulator. A 500 watt alternator is typically sufficient, and would require about another horsepower from the chosen engine. Alternators are widely available at auto parts suppliers.

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите двигатель. Выберите головку для генератора переменного тока. Выберите 12-вольтный генератор постоянного тока.


Article in English: The rescue agency may give you some idea of the type of abuse the cat suffered. If not, watch how she reacts and what she seems to fear most. Once you have identified what she fears, you can take steps to avoid exposing her to these things.  When frightened, her eyes will dilate and the pupils become huge and dark. Her fur may stand on head, and she holds her tail straight and the fur is erect so it looks like a bottle brush. Her ears will go back and flatten against her skull. If she can run away she will likely scuttle away close to the ground, moving quickly. If she feels trapped she will arch her back, hiss and spit. "No go" areas are not uncommon in abused cats. For instance, if a cat previously had her pelvis kicked and broken, she won't know being stroked over her hips is a pleasurable thing, but associate it with pain. Thus she is more likely to hiss when you go to touch her there, or try to flee.  If you are aware of where she least likes to be touched, respect this and do not attempt to stroke her there. Do not persist in forcing physical contact with that area in the mistaken belief that she will get used to it. Perhaps in years to come she may let you, but until then you need to win her trust and that means doing exactly what she wants! Some rescued cats become clingy around their new owner. The owner represents safety, and the cat is fearful of being abandoned by you.  If this is the case put some of your clothing in her cat bed so that she has your scent to comfort her. Sometimes it even helps to have another pet to keep her company. This also helps the abused cat because seeing you interacting gently with another animal reassures her. Some cats have been so badly abused they become aggressive. These cats can be dangerous as they may break regular cat rules of not lashing out unless provoked, and strike out just because you have approached. In her eyes, getting close to her may be provocation enough.  Part of the difficulty with aggression of this sort is its unpredictability. These cats may not...

Summary in Russian:

Определите страхи кота/кошки, чтобы вы могли их избегать. Не трогайте кота/кошку в «запрещенных» местах. Справляемся с поведением прилипалы. Справляемся с любой агрессией. В первую очередь подумайте о безопасности. Используйте кошачьи феромоны, чтобы снизить уровень стресса.


Article in English: The result is the relative error.  Note that in most cases the unit of measurement of the absolute error will be the same as the unit of measurement of the actual value, and the units will cancel each other. This leaves the relative error without any units of measurement. This simple equation tells you how far off you were in comparison to the overall measurement. A low relative error is, of course, desirable. To continue the example of measuring between two trees: Your Absolute Error was 2 feet, and the Actual Value was 20 feet.  2ft20ft{\displaystyle {\frac {2ft}{20ft}}} Relative Error =.1{\displaystyle =.1} Leave the relative error in fraction form, complete the division to render it in decimal form, or multiply the resulting decimal form by 100 to render your answer as a percentage. This tells you what percentage of the final measurement you messed up by. If you are measuring a 200 foot boat, and miss the measurement by 2 feet, your percentage error will be much lower than missing the 20 foot tree measurement by 2 feet. The error is a smaller percentage of the total measurement.  2ft20ft=.1{\displaystyle {\frac {2ft}{20ft}}=.1} .1∗100=10%{\displaystyle .1*100=10\%} Relative Error. Once you understand the difference between Absolute and Relative Error, there is really no reason to do everything all by itself. Simply substitute the equation for Absolute Error in for the actual number. Note that the vertical bars are absolute value signs, meaning anything within them must be positive.   Relative Error =|Measured−Actual|Actual{\displaystyle ={\frac {|\mathrm {Measured} -\mathrm {Actual} |}{\mathrm {Actual} }}}  Multiply the whole thing by 100 to get Relative Error Percentage all at once. Let the audience know the units you're using for measurement. However, the relative error does not employ units of measurement. It is expressed as a fraction or a percentage, such as a relative error of 10%.

Summary in Russian:

Разделите абсолютную погрешность на действительное значение исследуемой величины. Полученный результат умножьте на 100, чтобы выразить относительную погрешность в процентах. Вычислите относительную погрешность без нахождения абсолютной погрешности. Не забудьте приписать соответствующие единицы измерения.


Article in English: The retaining clip is made out of two pieces. The larger square or U shape fits onto the keyboard base and the key cap. The smaller piece, with a circular hole in the center, fits onto a small tab on the keyboard base. The two pieces fit together with two small tabs, one on either side of the smaller piece. If one of these pieces is missing or broken, order a replacement key or retaining clip for your exact keyboard model. If both pieces seem intact, continue to the next step.  Before ordering a replacement key, make sure it includes a retaining clip. These are also sold as "hinges." Alternatively, carefully detach a clip from a key you don't use as often, and reattach it to the broken key. On some models, the tabs are separate pieces. If they fall out, you can slot them back in with a pair of tweezers. Even on the same keyboard, different retaining clips may be arranged in different way. Lift an adjacent key cap the same size as the key you're replacing, by levering up the corners. Examine the exposed retaining clip as you repair the key. This will make it much easier to figure out how each piece slots in. On some models, you'll need to squeeze the larger piece's sides in order to fit it into the slots on the keyboard base. Do this before attaching the two pieces together. Once attached to the keyboard base, you should be able to lift the piece a short distance. Only one side of this piece attaches to the keyboard. Hold the smaller piece with the concave side facing down — or feel the piece until you find a groove, and keep that side face-down. Lower it onto the tabs on the keyboard base until they hook onto the retention clip's groove. Look for the two pins on the side of the smaller clip. Gently press these into the sides of the larger clip, until the two pieces are attached. Using too much force here will break your retaining clip. Hook the key cap back over the retaining clip. Press down until you hear two snaps and the key remains firmly attached.

Summary in Russian:

Осмотрите пластину на наличие повреждений. Осмотрите соседнюю клавишу. Вставьте большую часть в клавиатуру. Вставьте меньшую часть пластины в клавиатуру. Вставьте две части. Вставьте клавишу.


Article in English: The right diet is extremely important for the wellbeing of your cat. Obesity is a common source of problems among domesticated animals. Look for quality cat food in your favourite pet shop and make sure to buy something adapted to its age.  For quantities, follow the instructions on the food package. However these are just guidelines, Many times the manufacturer overestimate the quantities, so this should always be interpreted in light of whether the cat is losing or gaining weight when fed that amount. If you don’t know which brand to choose, talk to your veterinarian. He or she will be happy to help. Be careful with treats. Cats are always on the look-out for good food and will beg for their favourite piece of fish. Only give a treat once in a while to avoid obesity. Don’t leave meat and fish outside without supervision. Remember that cats can jump high and don’t particularly follow rules. If you aren’t in a room, those delicious sausages on the table might finish their lives in your cat’s belly. Felines can catch a variety of illnesses outside and inside the house. It is important to bring your cat to the veterinarian at least two times a year for a check-up. Your cat should be neutered to prevent unwanted babies and lower the risks of feline HIV.  In a growing number of countries, it is mandatory to neuter your cats to keep the feline population under control.  Don’t forget to ask for a regular worming and flea treatment, especially if your cat spend a lot of time outside. Cats will be very unhappy if they have to scratch all the time! Have your cat chipped by the veterinarian. It can save you a lot of trouble if the animal is lost and found and it is sometimes mandatory. Look out for the following symptoms: weight loss, lack of energy, aggressive behavior, eye infection, wounds, limp, dirty ears. Cats have no other choice but to be clean. Being odour-free is indispensable to hunt and survive. As a result, cats are very smell-sensitive and require a spotless environment to be happy.  Don’t wash your cat....

Summary in Russian:

Хорошо кормите свою кошечку. Следите за здоровьем кошки. Старайтесь чаще убираться в квартире. Приласкайте кошку.


Article in English: The right earrings can alter the overall appearance of your ears quite well, but the wrong ones will make them stand out even more. There are two approaches people use for large ears, so try them both and see which works for you:  Small lobe earrings detract attention from tall or stuck-out ear tips. Studs are a good choice, but small hoops or dangle earrings can work. Other people take the opposite approach and wear large lobe earrings, making the ears look relatively smaller. Like upper cartilage piercings, this tactic does make your ears into a focal point, but perhaps one you can be proud of. Not only do these draw attention to your eyes, a pair of sunglasses with large frames can partially hide your ears if you push them up to your forehead. While you might worry about your ears, chances are good that other people barely notice them, especially if you draw their attention elsewhere. Choose a top with a bright color or a vivid pattern, or wear a necklace. Wearing a little makeup will focus attention on your face. Try contouring using two shades of foundation. Start by contouring the outline of your face with foundation two or three shades darker than your skin, then use lighter foundation to highlight areas such as the center of your forehead and the bridge of your nose. Blend these together well along the border between them. You can even contour the outer edge of your ears in the same way, but this can be difficult to get right if you're not used to applying makeup. On days when you are feeling especially insecure, pin back your ears to the side of your head using double-sided tape. Use a tape intended for skin to avoid pulling out your hair, such as clothing fashion tape. This is a temporary measure for occasional use. The tape may come undone if you leave it on too long. There are many accessories that hide your ears altogether, including headbands, earmuffs, bandanas, scarves, turbans, hoods, or a hat large enough to tuck your ears into. A large pair of headphones will also work when you're engaged...

Summary in Russian:

Поэкспериментируйте с серьгами. Наденьте очки. Отвлеките внимание ярким топом или красивым ожерельем. Подчеркните черты вашего лица с помощью макияжа. Используйте двусторонний скотч. Скройте ваши уши.


Article in English: The right food size for your lovebird will be indicated by the image on the label of these bird foods. Look for bird food that has high quality seeds that are hulled and bound together with supplements that contain vitamins and minerals, such as pellet foods. The average lovebird should have 2-3 teaspoons of pellet or seed based bird food a day.  You can also give your bird seed mixes. But keep in mind loose seed mix allows your lovebird to pick and choose what seeds it eats. Nutri-berries, Avi-cakes, and Pellet-berries require your lovebird to work to pry off a piece, so your bird is more likely to get a variety of seeds.  Look for seed mixes from your local pet store that contain canary seed, millet, rice, oats, safflower and a small amount of sunflower seeds. Corn is often a big hit with lovebirds, as well as sprouted seed. Pellet foods and seed mixes should be given to your bird on a daily basis, but should not be the only food you give your bird as they do not provide proper nutrition. About 5-10% of your bird’s diet should be bite-sized fruits and vegetables. Give your bird healthy fruits like apples, grapes, berries, papaya, and mango. You should also feed your bird vegetables like carrots, broccoli, zucchini, squash, cooked sweet potatoes, and dark leafy greens like kale and romaine. These include cooked whole grains, like brown rice, whole grain pasta, multigrain breads, and sugar free cereals. When you feed your bird fresh foods, make sure you remove anything in their cage that is uneaten so the food does not spoil. You should also wash the bowls in their cage before using them again. It’s fine if your lovebird shares many of the foods you eat. But limit her consumption of fried, greasy, sugary, and salty foods so she stays healthy. Do not give your bird tap water or unfiltered water. Most cages come with a water attachment so your bird has access to water all the time. These substances can kill your lovebird, even in small amounts. You should also avoid giving your bird avocados, rhubarb,...

Summary in Russian:

Кормите неразлучника высококачественным птичьим кормом. Включите в питание птицы свежие фрукты и овощи. Периодически угощайте птицу полезным лакомством. Обеспечьте неразлучнику постоянный доступ к чистой свежей воде. Никогда не давайте неразлучнику алкоголь, шоколад и напитки с кофеином.


Article in English: The right pen will be different for each person, but in general, you should look for one that flows well and that you won't grip too tightly. Larger grips can help you loosen your grip. Good handwriting takes time, and if you rush through it, your writing will be sloppy. If you catch yourself being sloppy, take a deep breath, slow down, and start again. Sit up at a table with your back and arm straight. Don't grip the pen or pencil too hard, as that can make your hand cramp. This method teaches you to write with your arm instead of drawing the letters with your finger, making for better writing.   Holding your hand in the air, mostly use your forearm and shoulder to write large letters in the air. This practice will help you feel what muscles you should be using when you write. Move to smaller letters in the air. Use paper. When you first move to paper, try simple strokes like circles and slashes. Keep them as evenly spaced as possible, while still using the muscles in your arm. Pressing too hard can lead to crooked letters. Instead, lift up a bit and let the letters flow smoothly. Take some time each day to actually use your handwriting. One easy way to get your practice in is to keep a daily journal. Write about what happens in your day or what you're feeling.

Summary in Russian:

Найдите подходящую ручку. Не торопитесь. Держите спину ровно. Попробуйте писать в воздухе. Не давите слишком сильно. Тренируйтесь каждый день.


Article in English: The right size depends on the number of strands you want in a single knot. For more strands, choose a larger needle. For fewer strands, choose a smaller one.  If you have lace with very fine gaps, you might need to use fewer strands per gap, so you would choose a smaller needle. For lace with larger gaps, the number of strands will influence the fullness of the wig. More strands will create a fuller, fluffier wig, while fewer strands will create a flatter style. Turn the wig inside out and stitch hair along the inside edge of the ribbons to prevent them from showing from the front. Try the wig on. It should now be complete, but if anything looks off, you should still be able to adjust it.

Summary in Russian:

Выберите правильный вентилирующий крючок. Покройте лентой. Поправьте парик.


Article in English: The ring of lights around your Power button can indicate what kind of problem you are experiencing. This can help determine how to go about fixing it:  Green lights - The system is operating normally. One red light - This indicates a general hardware failure, and is usually accompanied by a code on your TV screen (e.g. "E74"). See the next sections for some tips on getting this fixed. Two red lights - This indicates that the console is currently overheating. Turn the Xbox 360 off for a couple of hours and make sure that it is ventilated on all sides. Three red lights - This is the Red Ring of Death, and indicates a major hardware failure. This usually occurs because the motherboard has overheated and become warped, causing the chips to lose contact. You'll need to either open up your system and repair it yourself or send it in for professional repair. Four red lights - This indicates a faulty or unsupported A/V cable. Your Xbox 360's power supply also has a light on the back. This light can help you determine if your power supply is failing:  No light - The power supply is not receiving power from the wall. Green light - The power supply is working correctly and the Xbox is on. Orange light - The power supply is working correctly and the Xbox is off. Red light - The power supply is failing. The most common cause is an overheating power supply. Unplug it on both ends and let it sit for at least an hour.

Summary in Russian:

Посмотрите на световые индикаторы на передней панели Xbox 360. Посмотрите на световой индикатор на блоке питания.


Article in English: The ringer volume affects your phone ringer, your notification sounds such as new texts and email messages, and your alarms. If you're using an iPad or iPod Touch, this will adjust the media volume instead. If you are playing a song, watching a video, or playing a game, the volume buttons will adjust the media playback volume on your device. Not all apps will show the volume indicator when you are adjusting the volume. When the switch is moved down, exposing the orange color underneath, your device will be put in silent mode. Pushing the switch up will restore volume.

Summary in Russian:

Нажмите на кнопки громкости, когда на телефоне не запущены видео или музыка, чтобы изменить громкость звонка. Нажмите на кнопки громкости, когда воспроизводятся музыка или видео, чтобы изменить их громкость. Нажмите на переключатель, который находится рядом с кнопками громкости, чтобы включить беззвучный режим.


Article in English: The risk for angina increases with age.  Specifically, the risk for angina increases for men older than 45 years and women older than 55 years. In general, the development of angina in women lags approximately ten years behind men. A decline in the natural hormone estrogen may be a factor in the increased risk for angina and heart disease among postmenopausal women. Angina is more often the presenting symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women than in men. Low estrogen levels in women after menopause may play a role in the development of coronary microvascular disease (MVD), and thus microvascular angina.  Up to 50 percent of women with angina have coronary MVD.  The leading killer of both men and women is CAD. Estrogen protects women from heart disease. After menopause, estrogen levels drop drastically and translate into higher risks for angina in women. Women who have gone through early menopause, either naturally or as a result of hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), are twice as likely to develop angina as women of the same age who have not yet entered menopause. A family history of early heart disease increases an individual’s risk for angina and heart disease. If you have a father or brother who was diagnosed earlier than age 55—or if your mother or sister was diagnosed before age 65—then your risk is highest. Having one first-degree relative diagnosed with early heart disease may increase your risk for angina and heart disease by as much as 33 percent. That risk can jump to as high as 50 percent if you have two or more first-degree relatives diagnosed. Smoking increases the risk for angina and heart disease through several mechanisms. Smoking accelerates the development of atherosclerosis (buildup of fatty deposits and cholesterol in your arteries) by as much as 50 percent. Carbon monoxide in smoke also displaces oxygen in the blood, leading to a deficiency of oxygen in the cells of heart muscle (cardiac ischemia). Cardiac ischemia can lead to angina and heart attack. Smoking also decreases...

Summary in Russian:

Учтите свой возраст. Учтите свой пол. Изучите семейный анамнез. Учтите курение. Если вы больны сахарным диабетом, примите это во внимание. Проверьте свое артериальное давление. Постарайтесь понизить уровень холестерина. Определите, не повышен ли уровень определенных веществ у вас в крови. Оцените уровень стресса.


Article in English: The risk of having a first-time blood clot (VTE) is 100 in 100,000. However, that risk goes up exponentially as we age: by age 80, the rate of VTE is 500 in 100,000. As you get older, it’s important to monitor your overall health with regular medical checkups. Recent surgery or a broken bone in your hips or legs increases your risk of blood clots. Those who lead a sedentary or inactive lifestyle are at higher risk of pulmonary embolism, or a blood clot in the lungs. People who sit more than six hours a day in their leisure time are twice as likely to have pulmonary embolism of those sit for less than two hours. Prolonged periods of lying, sitting, or standing in one place can cause blood stasis, leading to clots. This is one reason why VTE is so common in hospitalized patients, especially after surgery, and people traveling long distances. People who fall in to the obese category have a much higher risk of VTE than those in a healthy weight range. The correlation is not completely understood, but experts believe at least part of it is due to the estrogen produced by fat cells. Estrogen is an independent risk factor for blood clots. Fat cells also produce proteins called “cytokines,” which may play a role in formation of  VTE. Though not always the case, the obese may also lead more sedentary lives than those who fall into healthier weight ranges.  To calculate your BMI, use an online BMI calculator, like the one on the Mayo Clinic website. You will need to input your age, height, weight, and sex for your results. An obese person will have a BMI of 30 or more. The overweight range is from 25-29.9, and normal from 18.5 to 24.9. Anything below 18.5 is considered underweight. Hormonal shifts, especially those involving estrogen, can put people at risk of VTE. This is often seen in postmenopausal women who take estrogen supplements as part of hormone replacement therapy. Women who take hormonal contraception to prevent pregnancy and those who are pregnant are also at risk. Before beginning any hormone therapy,...

Summary in Russian:

Знайте, что риск образования тромбов повышается с возрастом. Оцените свой уровень физической активности. Рассчитайте свой индекс массы тела. Обратите внимание на уровни гормонов. Узнайте больше о гиперкоагуляции. Узнайте, какие еще проблемы со здоровьем повышают риск образования тромбов.


Article in English: The ritual of a funeral or a memorial service can be a healthy way to grieve and process your emotions. This could be a small service honoring your pet’s life or a more elaborate affair. Though some people may consider it inappropriate to have a funeral for a pet, you should do what feels good to you as a pet owner and take the necessary steps to release your grief. This could be planting a tree in memory of your pet, creating a photo album of your pet, or commissioning a physical gravestone for your pet. Having a physical legacy of your pet can help you to celebrate your pet and move on in your grief. You may want to pay tribute to your animal companion by donating your money or time to an animal charity in his name. This will allow you to give back to the community and help other pet owners to take care of their pets. It also creates a tribute to your pet that focuses on caring for others and supporting others, a positive legacy you can feel proud of. Though it may be difficult to focus on the needs of your other pets after the death of a pet, you should try to devote yourself to providing good care to any other animals in your home. Your other pets will likely also be mourning the loss of a fellow pet, especially if they all lived together in close quarters. Focusing on the needs of your other pets can help you to move forward and cope with your loss. It can also be  a way to honor your deceased pet by ensuring all your other pets receive love and care. Another way to cope and pay tribute to your pet is to perhaps get a new pet. Rather than see the new pet as a replacement for your deceased pet, think of the new pet as a new chapter in pet ownership. A new pet will allow you to love and care for an animal and to move forward from the death of a pet. Some pet owners may feel they cannot get a new pet because it would be disloyal to their deceased pet. It may take time after the death of your pet to consider getting a new pet, but a new pet may be a healthy way to move through your feelings of grief and feel...

Summary in Russian:

Организуйте похороны или поминальную службу для своего питомца. Создайте физическое напоминание о своем питомце. Сделайте пожертвование в память о своем питомце. Заботьтесь о других своих домашних животных. Подумайте о том, чтобы завести нового питомца.


Article in English: The room temperature should be around 20°C. Wait for 2 - 3 days. If the hamster is merely hibernating it should wake within that period.   If it doesn't wake up, then more obvious signs of death should occur such as an unpleasant odor and rigor mortis. A hibernating hamster should not smell unpleasant. Experts advocate this as the preferred option of waking a hamster because it closer simulates the natural waking process and places less strain on the body's blood glucose reserves than a "rapid reboot." Make sure plenty of food and water is available for the waking hamster. Instead of warming up your hamster slowly in a warm room, you can warm it more rapidly. Put the hamster, in its cage, in a warm place such as an airing cupboard. Depending on the temperature, the hamster may wake within 2 - 3 hours.  Remember to keep the hamster in a secure container, because if it is just in a cardboard box it may wake and chew its way out! Another idea is to stand the cage on a hot water bottle to radiate heat up through the floor of the cage. Ensure the hamster has food and water, because it will use up valuable energy reserves to wake up, and these need to be rapidly replaced or the hamster could suffer liver damage. If your hamster was hibernating, be aware this is a natural process, from which it recovered. Unless you are concerned, if the hamster is back to hits usual self - eating, grooming, and running in its wheel -  there is no specific need to get it checked by a veterinarian. If none of your attempts help to wake the hamster up, it has probably passed away. Remember that hamsters generally have very short lives and their time might unfortunately be up. Eliminate all other possibilities first, but then you may need to accept that your hamster has died. So that you don't have to suffer this anxiety and worry again, make sure the hamster is always in a room above 20°C, that he has 12 hours + light a day, and plenty of food and water. That way his body never thinks he has to conserve energy and hibernate.

Summary in Russian:

Чтобы пробудить хомячка от спячки, отнесите его в помещение, где температура воздуха составляет около 20 °C. Можно ускорить этот процесс, нагрев хомяка самостоятельно. Помните, что зимняя спячка — естественный процесс. Помните, что хомячки мало живут. Старайтесь не допускать того, чтобы хомяк снова впал в спячку.


Article in English: The rooster is responsible for protecting his flock. He crows to inform the flock of environmental changes and potential hazards. Observe your rooster’s crowing habits and note specific stimuli that causes him to crow. In addition to alerting his flock to potential dangers, a rooster may crow to inform you that he is out of feed and or water. Meeting his most basic needs on a consistent and regular basis will decrease his need to crow. To decrease his nighttime crowing, make sure to stock his coop with water and food before you head to bed. Roosters crow to assert their dominance over other roosters and to communicate with their flock. To avoid crowing matches between roosters, only keep one in the roost. Decreasing the size of your flock will reduce your rooster’s need to crow as well. Crowing is most disruptive to you and your neighbors throughout the night. When a rooster is allowed to roam at night or he lives in a coop with an outdoor run, he is exposed to stimuli that will likely cause him to crow. Keeping your rooster inside a closed, darkened coop throughout the night will limit his exposure to predators and light that may cause him to crow.

Summary in Russian:

Изучите, в каких ситуациях ваш петух кукарекает. Обеспечьте петуха всем необходимым. Уменьшите поголовье кур. Устраните раздражители, на которые петух реагирует по ночам.


Article in English: The root of your anger may be internal or external. Internal sources of anger include perceived failures, injustices, and frustrations. External sources of anger could be losses, teasing, or humiliation. It can be very easy to become mad at someone needlessly if you have a tendency to displace your anger or your bad mood.  Taking your displaced anger out on other people is not a healthy way to manage your emotions or your relationships.  To avoid displaced anger, try the following:  Ask yourself, “what is really bothering me?” Then ask yourself, “what is the worst thing about that?” This will help you pinpoint exactly why you feel bothered.  Think about why you feel like you need to redirect your anger (for example, if you feel powerless to address a difficult work situation, you may take your anger out on someone at home). Write down the different things that are causing you to feel negatively or stressed. Try to deal with each stressor or annoyance separately, rather than rolling them together all into one big stressor.  Apologize to someone if you have been short with or rude to her through no fault of her own. You might say something like, “I'm really sorry that I snapped at you about dinner.  I am a bit overwhelmed at work and I'm having trouble dealing with the stress, but that's not your fault.  How can I make it up to you?” Holding onto resentments for things that happened in the past is a common reason for feeling mad at someone.  Resentment is not healthy, and letting go of those feelings is the best way to move on. To move on from resentment, try the following:  Acknowledge that your feelings of resentment don't serve a productive purpose. Realize that feeling resentment cannot actually change the past. Accept that you cannot control the actions or feelings of other people. Forgive if you can forgive or try to forget if you feel that you cannot forgive. You might feel mad at another person for doing or not doing something that you expect them to do.  However, she may have no idea that you expect...

Summary in Russian:

Определяйте реальные причины раздражения. Избавьтесь от чувства обиды. Обдумайте невысказанные ожидания. Старайтесь сочувствовать. Учитесь благодарности. Подумайте, прежде чем сказать.


Article in English: The rosary is said by traveling around the loop of beads, stopping at each one, and saying a prayer. Typically, if someone is going to say the whole rosary, rather than just a section of it, s/he starts with the crucifix at the "bottom". This prayer is a statement of Christian belief, one that essentially summarizes the things that all Christians believe, including the existence of God, Jesus, the Holy Spirit, and the Resurrection.   The words of the Apostles' Creed are: "I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived by power of the Holy Spirit, born of the Blessed Virgin Mary; suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, is seated at the right hand of God the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen."  When Protestants say the Apostle's Creed, they usually change the meaning of the word "Catholic" in the line "I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints..." to reflect the concept of universality, rather than the actual earthly institution of the Roman Catholic church. Take the next bead in your fingers and say the Lord's prayer (also called the "Our Father"). This prayer was passed directly from Jesus to his disciples as a way of expressing devotion to God in heaven. The words of the Our Father are: "Our Father, Who art in Heaven, hallowed be Thy Name. Thy Kingdom come, Thy Will be done, on earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen." Next, say one Hail Mary for each of the next three beads, taking each bead in your fingers as...

Summary in Russian:

Для начала перекреститесь, держа в пальцах распятие. Прочтите «Верую в Бога» (Апостольский символ веры). После распятия переходите на первую бусину, и прочтите «Отче наш». Перейдите к следующей группе из трех бусин и трижды прочтите «Радуйся, Мария». Перейдите к цепочке или шнурку, находящимся между тремя бусинами, которые вы перебирали при прочтении «Радуйся, Мария», и, перейдя к следующей бусине, прочтите «Славословие». Перейдите к следующей бусине и прочтите «Отче наш». Пройдите первую декаду, повторяя «Радуйся, Мария», переходя к новой бусинке в декаде. Приступайте к цепочке или шнурку, разделяющих первую декаду от следующей бусины и прочитайте «Славословие». Переходите на следующую декаду, начиная с «Отче наш». Добравшись до медальона, расположенного в центре, прочтите «Славься, Царица».


Article in English: The rounded side should be downward, touching your finger.  If it looks kind of like a bowl or a cup on your finger, you have it in the right orientation.  If it looks like a dome, with the rounded side up, you have the contact lens flipped the wrong way. If you can’t keep the lens even, try placing it on your palm instead. Seeing the lens at the correct angle is paramount.  Viewing from different angles can play tricks on your eyes, especially because you need the contact lens to see correctly.    Look at it directly from the side. When the contact lens is correctly oriented, it should have a fairly rounded appearance.   It should resemble a wide letter “U”.   When it’s inside out, however, it will resemble a “V” more than a “U”.  Look for flaring at the edges.  The lower part of the lens may be deceiving, but the edges themselves will look stretched towards the sides if the lens is inside out. If the lens seems wider at the top, and the lines aren’t straight, it’s likely inside out.

Summary in Russian:

Положите контактную линзу на палец. Поднимите линзу на уровень глаз. Ищите «U».


Article in English: The rubber hose on the bottom of the jet is held on solely by the pressure the hose exerts on the nozzle, so you should be able to pull it off with relative ease.  Simply squeeze the hose with your index finger and thumb near the nozzle and pull backwards to remove it. If the hose is stuck, use a pair of pliers to twist it back and forth to break it loose.  Try to pull in line with the fitting - it is plastic and will not take much side bending. Windshield washer jets are held in place by plastic stoppers.  Take a pair of pliers and squeeze the stoppers into the jet, then press it upward.  The jet will push straight up out of the hole in the hood with the stoppers pressed in. If you are replacing the jets, it's okay to break the stoppers, otherwise be careful not to damage them. Lower the hood again and pull the jet directly up and out of the hole in the hood.  With the clips already through, each jet should slide out of the hole with very little resistance.  If the jet gets stuck, open the hood again and squeeze the clips with your pliers to release them again. Be careful not to damage the paint on the hood as you pull the jets out. You may be able to clear any clogs in the jets by allowing them to soak in a bowl of vinegar for a while.  Move the jets around in the vinegar a bit to ensure it penetrates into the blockage.  After a few minutes, remove the jets from the vinegar and rinse them off.  Once the jet is rinsed, you can try blowing through it to see if the blockage is clear. If the jet is unclogged, reinstall it on the vehicle. Whether you purchased new washer fluid jets or are reinstalling the old ones you cleared, the process is the same.  Insert the jet through the hole in the top of the hood with the outlets facing the windshield.  Once pressed all the way through, the plastic clips will expand and hold each jet in place.  If using after-market nozzles, (from an auto parts store, for example).  Aftermarket  nozzles may have threads and a plastic nut to secure them to the hood or other sheet metal....

Summary in Russian:

Отсоедините шланг от нижней части форсунки. Используйте плоскогубцы, чтобы вытащить форсунку из капота. Вытащите форсунки из капота. Замочите форсунки в миске с уксусом. Установите новые форсунки стеклоомывателя.


Article in English: The rules and information provided in this article will not teach you everything you need to know about English grammar. This article is intended to serve as a starting point in your studies. The actual subject of English grammar is much more complex, and you will need to devote a lot of time and effort if you really want to learn it. If you are learning English as a second language, compare the rules of English grammar to the grammar rules of your native language. Some aspects will be similar while others will differ.  When the rules are the same, rely on the knowledge you have of your native grammar to help you with English grammar. When the rules differ, devote more time and concentration on practicing those aspects of English grammar as you study. People who do a lot of reading tend to be more proficient with English grammar in their own writing and speech.  This does not refer to grammar books. Grammar books are helpful, of course, but the principle of this step is a different one. Read books, magazines, or other materials written in English that you enjoy. The more often you read, the more familiar you will naturally become with the way that grammar is used in word, sentence, and paragraph levels. Learning the rules of English grammar is an important step, but you will be able to put those rules into practice better if you are actually used to seeing proper grammar. If you are currently in school, look for a special elective class that focuses on grammar or a tutoring opportunity provided through your school. If you are no longer in school, consider taking a grammar class at a community college, community center, or library. You could also look for a class online. For non-native English speakers, look for classes specifically designed for students who are learning English as a secondary language. These classes are usually labeled as ESL (English as a Second Language), ENL (English as a New Language), or ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) classes. If formal classes do not help, find a mentor...

Summary in Russian:

Поймите, что вы стоите в начале очень долгого и длинного пути. Сравнивайте грамматические правила между собой. Читайте как можно больше по-английски. Запишитесь на курсы английского. Найдите репетитора. Не останавливайтесь на достигнутом, сами ищите дополнительную информацию. Занимайтесь английским.


Article in English: The rules of volleyball state that in order to strike the ball over the net, you must be a front row player. It's most effective to strike the ball from the right or left side at a sharp downward angle. Whether you are spiking the ball from the right or left front position, position yourself behind the 10-foot line (attack line), which is the line that is about four steps away from the net.  If you have long legs or take bigger steps, and stand further back. If you are right handed, you may have a more powerful spike when you approach from the left side of the court, and vice versa if you are left handed. If you are tall or can jump higher, try starting near the middle. The person playing the center position will set the ball high in your direction, arcing it so that it falls close to the net in a position that makes it easy to spike it to the other side. You'll start your approach after the ball is set.  As you practice spiking, make sure you're working with a skilled setter. It should rise and fall in a gentle arc close to the net, putting it in the perfect position for you to go in for the kill. As you practice with your team, you'll want to call to your teammates to let them know you're striking. Many teams come up with codes for each side, so use them if yours does. Face the ball and bend your knees so you're ready to move. If you're right handed, your left foot should be set back from your right foot. If you're left handed, your right foot should be set back from your left foot. As you reach the height of your jump, your arms should swing above your head. Pull back your right elbow (or your left, if you're left-handed) and bend it at a ninety degree angle. Your hand should now be at head level. If the opposing team returns the ball, you'll need to be ready for more action. Drop back from the net and get in your ready position. Keep your eye on the ball the whole time.

Summary in Russian:

Займите позицию. Следите за подающим. Примите правильное положение. Поднимите свою руку для удара. Вернитесь в исходное положение.


Article in English: The safest way to make fog in a bottle is to simply use ice cubes and warm water. To start, fill a bottle with warm water. The water does not need to be boiling. Just try to run tap water as hot as it goes. Fill the bottle to a little below the brim and set the bottle aside for 60 seconds. Fog is formed when warm water vapor comes into contact with cold temperatures. By heating up the inside of the bottle with hot water, you are creating warm vapor inside the bottle. While you're letting the bottle sit, prepare your ice. Take some ice cubes from the fridge and place them in a plastic bag or a strainer. Whether you use a bag or strainer depends on the container you're using for your project.  Some people use jars instead of bottles for this experiment. If you're using a jar, it's a good idea to set the ice in a strainer, which you should be able to find at a grocery store. The strainer's circular shape makes it fit more easily over a jar.  A strainer may not fit easily over the smaller opening in, say, an empty soda bottle. A plastic bag, which is more soft and flexible, can sink slightly into the bottle. This will cover the opening completely. Use a plastic bag if you're using a bottle. Once 60 seconds have passed, pour most of the water out of the bottle. Leave about 1 inch (2.5 cm) of water on the bottom of the bottle. Now, the air inside the bottle is warm. When it's exposed to the cool temperatures caused by the ice cubes, fog will form inside the bottle. Take the plastic bag or strainer. Place it over the covering of your bottle or jar. In a few seconds, you should expect to see fog form inside the bottle. A strainer should fit fairly easily over a jar. However, a plastic bag may need to be secured. If your bag slips off the bottle, try to secure it with a few pieces of duct tape.

Summary in Russian:

Наберите в бутылку теплую воду и уберите в сторону на одну минуту. Наберите кубики льда в полиэтиленовый пакет или сито. Вылейте лишнюю воду, чтобы высота воды в бутылке не превышала 2,5 сантиметров. Накройте бутылку емкостью с кубиками льда.


Article in English: The safest, smartest, and quickest way to improve your sex life is to communicate openly with your partner. Tell your partner what turns you on and what turns you off. Discuss your limitations and your ambitions for your sex life. Tell your partner anything they need to know to make your sex life as pleasurable as possible.  Don’t focus on what your partner is doing wrong, instead, focus on expressing your desires. Use “I” statements, such as “I like it when you touch me like this” or “I’d feel more comfortable waiting for that.”  If you find it difficult or embarrassing to talk about sex with your partner, do simultaneous free-writes and share your writing with each other, or turn off the lights and talking in the dark. Talking builds trust and intimacy. While it may seem hotter to cut to the chase, talking in the early stages of your relationship will help you avoid awkwardness and build the trust necessary to facilitate a healthy sex life. Don't do anything you're not ready for. Talk about it first. When talking about sex, we often get sheepish and fall somewhat short of talking as specifically as would be helpful. Try to be as specific as possible so your partner doesn't have to work to decode your messages.  Instead of saying, "I wish we'd have more sex" or "I wish we'd have different sex," tell your partner how much you love being with them and how you want to work on building your intimacy with each other. Then discuss specific things you'd like to do together, or specific things you'd like to change. Don’t fake anything. This damages trust and intimacy in the relationship. Instead, make your desires known and be honest of what is and isn’t working. Both men and women experience physical changes that can affect their sex lives.  If menopause is changing your libido, say something. It’s better than your partner thinking you are uninterested. If you are experiencing erectile dysfunction, talk with your partner and your doctor. The condition is often easily treated and is nothing to be embarrassed about....

Summary in Russian:

Объясните партнеру, что вам нравится. Говорите прямо. Честно говорите об изменениях в своем организме. Делайте то, что нравится обоим. Расскажите друг другу о своих фантазиях. Старайтесь чаще сближаться с партнером.


Article in English: The salt acts as a gentle abrasive, helping you to easily scrape up the rust without damaging the pan. Pour enough to lightly cover the area you need to rub off with a thin coating. If the salt gets really rusty, dispose of it and add fresh salt. Pan seasoning is especially important for cast-iron pans, as it protects them and makes them easier to cook and clean in the future.  To season the pan, pour 1 to 2 Tbsp (15 to 30 ml) of vegetable oil or melted shortening into the pan, then spread it around using a paper towel to coat the entire pan. If the pan is oven-safe, bake it for 1 hour at 375 degrees Fahrenheit.  If the pan is not oven-safe, heat the oil in the pan on the stovetop until it smokes. Once cool, rub the oil into the pan using another clean paper towel.

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите поваренную соль и грубый бумажный пакет. Насыпьте соль в кастрюлю. Оттирайте с помощью бумажного пакета. Создайте защитный слой на поверхности кастрюли, чтобы избежать подобного в дальнейшем.


Article in English: The same basic preparations will apply to all types of retinal surgeries. Do not eat or drink anything for between two to eight hours before the surgery (you doctor will advise you), and use eyedrops to dilate the pupils (if your doctor instructs you to do so). In this procedure, your doctor will suture a piece of silicone rubber or sponge, called a buckle, to the white of your eye, which is called the sclera. The material sutured to your eye will create a slight indentation in the wall of the eye, thereby relieving some of the strain at the site of the detachment.  In cases where there are several tears/holes in the retina or when the detachment is extensive and severe, your surgeon may recommend a scleral buckle that wraps around the entire eye.  In most cases, the buckle is usually left on the eye permanently.  Your doctor may use laser or freezing treatment to create scar tissue around the retina. This will help seal the seal the retinal tear/break to the wall of the eye, preventing fluid from detaching the retina. After a scleral buckling, your doctor will send you home with specific instructions on how to care for your eye and ensure a full recovery. Follow your doctor's instructions, and ask her questions if you're uncertain of what to do. Common post-operative instructions include:  Taking acetaminophen to relieve pain  Using prescription eye drops or ointments Your doctor may give you an eye box to help your eye heal. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before handling any eye equipment.  Soak cotton balls in the prescribed eyewash solution.  Lay the cotton balls across your eyelid for a few seconds to loosen any crust that may have formed on your eye.  Gently wipe from the inside of your eye across to the outside. If you are treating both eyes, use separate cotton balls for each eye to avoid the risk of infection. Your doctor may give you an eye patch and an eye shield to help your eye heal. How long you wear these will depend on your doctor's recommendations.  You will most likely have...

Summary in Russian:

Подготовьтесь к операции. Пройдите склеральное вдавливание. Восстановитесь после операции. Используйте специальную жидкость для чистки глаз. Носите повязку и чехол.


Article in English: The same hormones that make birth control pills effective can be distributed to the body by other means. If you don't like taking pills every day, consider these options:  Depo-Provera, or the birth control shot. This shot is administered in the arm once every three months. The shot is very effective at preventing pregnancy, but it has been reported that side effects are possible.     The birth control patch. The patch is usually placed on the arm, back or thigh. It distributes hormones through the skin and has to be replaced every few weeks.     The birth control ring. The ring is inserted into the vagina once a month. It releases hormones to prevent pregnancy from occurring.     The birth control implant. A small rod is inserted in the arm, and it releases hormones to prevent pregnancy for up to three years. It must be inserted and removed by a health care provider.    The IUD is a small metal device inserted in the uterus by a health care provider. One type of IUD works by releasing hormones, and another type is made of copper, which affects the mobility of sperm and stops them from fertilizing the egg.  IUDs are extremely effective and last up to 12 years, although they can cost from $500 to $1,000. If you're concerned about disrupting your menstrual cycle, consider the copper IUD, which doesn't interfere with your hormones or cause hormonal birth control-related side effects.

Summary in Russian:

Другие гормональные средства. Внутриматочные средства (ВМС).


Article in English: The same things we fear also incite feelings of exhilaration and even passion. That's why people enjoy extreme sports, horror movies, and swimming with sharks on vacation. Try to re-frame your fear in a positive light and acknowledge the thrill it can offer. When you start seeing fear as a source of energy, you might even embrace its role in your life. Fear can have incredible power in life-or-death situations. People report the sensation of time slowing down, senses becoming highly acute, and having the ability to instinctively know what to do. While other communication within our bodies takes about half a second to reach awareness, the fear system works much more quickly. Fear also deadens our awareness of pain.  Understanding the positives of fear can help you use it to your advantage. For instance, many people experience stage fright, yet the fear leading up to a performance can help you be in the moment and focus intensely on what is before you. Learn to acknowledge the fear and then direct it to where it will be most beneficial Most people experience fear prior to an event, yet experience no fear when in the middle of a situation. Remember that fear heightens your senses so that you have the ability to perform efficiently and powerfully. Fear can be used as a tool to help us identify problems and solve them effectively. It's a guidepost, a red flag that warns us when something needs attention. Once the discomfort of the initial wave of fear passes, examine it more closely to see what you can learn.  When you feel fear of something unfamiliar, take it as a sign that you need to get to know a person or situation better. If you feel a flash of fear about an upcoming deadline or event, make it an opportunity to make a plan of action to get fully prepared, whether that means getting started on a paper, rehearsing for a play or practicing a speech.

Summary in Russian:

Сделайте свой страх источником мотивации. Ослабьте силу страха. Начните видеть в страхе возможности.


Article in English: The same way men splash their face with cool water to close pores after a typical morning shave, lowering the water temperature just before getting out will feel soothing, and it will close chest pores. Don’t rub the area dry since that can lead to additional irritation. Instead use a fresh towel to pat the area dry. Before dressing apply a lotion or moisturizer for your skin type and allow it to dry. Chafing from shirts can lead to more irritation or even ingrown hairs, but a moisturizer will help reduce this risk. Adding the process to your shower regimen once or twice a week will keep the area smooth and stubble free. It will also negate the need to use a trimmer beforehand since you'll be maintaining the hair at such a short length.

Summary in Russian:

Уменьшите температуру воды. Промакните тело чистым полотенцем. Нанесите на грудь увлажняющий лосьон или крем. Повторите бритье при необходимости.


Article in English: The samples are the most important part of your portfolio since they show what kind of work you are capable of.  Instead of overwhelming the portfolio by including a full listing of your past work, only include 10 to 20 samples of your highest quality pieces. Demonstrate depth with your samples, not just breadth. The kind of samples you have will be different depending on what field you are in. For example, a model needs a selection of quality photographs of themselves, while a writer needs a variety of articles or writing samples. Your original works are too valuable to risk losing as your portfolio gets passed around. Take photographs of three-dimensional works and two-dimensional works and photocopy any writing samples. Take your pictures using a tripod, so that your camera doesn’t shake, and light it from the side, so there isn’t a glare on the object. If you’re including an article published in a magazine, newspaper, or journal, photocopy the volume's front cover and table of contents as well as your article. If any articles have been written about your accomplishments, include copies of those clippings in your portfolio. National journals and large newspapers are the most impressive sources, but you should still include articles written by local news sources, academic institutes, and Internet sources.  If you were in the military, provide a record of your service. Include information about any awards, badges, or ranks you earned during your time in the military. If you just graduated or are applying to schools, you might want to include a transcript of your past academic work. Include awards or certificates if they are relevant. List professional and academic sources who would be willing to promote your work and skills if asked. Choose wisely and ask permission from each source before listing them as a reference. Include full names, job positions, email addresses, mailing addresses, and phone numbers. Also briefly state how that reference is connected to you.  Limit your references to a single page. You...

Summary in Russian:

Выберите 10–20 качественных образцов своих работ. Сделайте  качественные фотографии своих работ. Соберите документальные подтверждения достижений. Попросите 3–5 человек дать вам рекомендации. Составьте личное заявление. Обновите резюме.


Article in English: The saucepan should be 2-3 quarts large. Cook the onion and stir it occasionally with a wooden spoon until it appears translucent. Stir the rice to mix it in with the onions. Let the rice toast in the pan for a minute or two -- it will absorb the flavor from the onions. Heat it to a gentle simmer. Crumble 1/4 tbsp. of saffron threads into the broth. Then, stir the rice until it has absorbed the broth. Keep adding broth to the rice and stirring; this cooking technique helps bring the starch out of the rice to combine with the broth for the creamy texture typical of a classic risotto. Add about 3/4 of the broth to the risotto. Then, start tasting the risotto between additions of broth to see if it's done.  When it's done, the individual rice grains should still be distinguishable, and their texture should be slightly firm (al dente), but not at all crunchy. Add 1 tbsp. of butter, 1/4 cup of grated Parmesan cheese, 1/4 cup of cooked string beans, 1/4 cup of cooked peas, and 1/4 cup of cooked Portobello mushrooms to the risotto. Add salt and pepper to taste. The risotto should be rich, creamy, fragrant, and a beautiful golden color. Serve the risotto in wide, shallow serving bowls with additional Parmesan cheese grated on top.

Summary in Russian:

В тяжелой сковороде на среднем огне обжарьте одну небольшую нарезанную белую луковицу в 2 ст. л. сливочного масла Насыпьте в сковороду 1,5 стакана риса арборио. В отдельной кастрюле на среднем огне разогрейте 3 стакана куриного бульона. Добавьте к рису черпаком один или два стакана кипящего бульона. Готовьте ризотто в течение 15-20 минут. Добавьте в ризотто остальные ингредиенты. Подавайте.


Article in English: The scent of authentic perfumes is complex and intricately constructed. While smell can be a difficulty measure of authenticity, those who know the perfume's scent can often sniff out a counterfeit. Authentic perfumes will have three layers of scents that reveal themselves over time, consisting of top, middle and base notes. This complexity ensures that the scent is varied and multidimensional, allowing the scent to change from the initial application until complete skin absorption. Fake perfumes will have one dimensional fragrance layer and it will often have an "off" smell after only a short time of wearing it. Authentic perfumes have had a lot of work put into creating the different notes in the perfume. They will use a mixture of scents derived from natural products and synthetic products. Cheap perfumes tend to be completely synthetic and therefore lack the complexity of layered perfumes created with natural ingredients. An imitation perfume will initially smell similar but you will usually find that the authentic perfumes outlast their imitators in terms of longevity and effectiveness, which makes them better value in the long run. Opened bottles of authentic perfumes should retain their scents from six to 18 months. Citrus-based scents generally deteriorate around the six month mark, whereas floral-based scents should maintain until 18 months. Cheap opened bottles of perfume will lose their scents in a matter of weeks or a couple months. When researching the perfume you’re about to purchase, it’s important to know whether it’s supposed to have a ‘single note,’ or a complex scent. Single note perfumes contain only the top notes, so a lack of middle and base notes doesn’t always indicate a counterfeit. When checking the authenticity of a single note perfume, pay attention to whether the scent smells strange and if the scent matches up with the description listed on the manufacturer’s website. You should only test out the perfume once you’ve examined the packaging and analyzed the scent beforehand. Be...

Summary in Russian:

Поймите многогранность настоящих духов. Различайте ноты ароматов. Различайте синтетические и натуральные ингредиенты. Обратите внимание на долговечность. Узнайте, какие ноты должны иметь духи. Протестируйте духи.


Article in English: The scheduling considerations mentioned above will require constant maintenance if you are to keep your relationships with both boyfriends happy. This is a factor regardless of whether your relationships are open or secretive.  Consider how you'll devote the time necessary to keeping up with your boyfriends' lives and needs. Doing so requires both time management and mental management to ensure you're keeping the details of each relationship straight. Compartmentalizing each relationship may be useful in keeping the two relationships straight. One boyfriend, for example, might be your running partner and tennis buddy, while the other is your go-to guy for homework sessions or coffee shop conversations. If your relationships are open, this question may be moot. If you are keeping the relationships secret, you'll need contingency plans.  You may be able to camouflage the nature of your relationship by treating each boyfriend as a "friend." Consider the likely response from each boyfriend. Will they become confused or upset by your sudden lack of affection? Be aware that you may quickly become entangled in a complex web of lies and evasions.  Quick thinking will be necessary and your moral discomfort will likely grow even more complex. Which boyfriend will accompany you to events such as weddings, the company holiday party, or other social events? The context in which you know each boyfriend may help answer some of these questions naturally, but in other cases you may find you need to choose.  If you aren't prepared for a group of friends or relatives to identify one partner as your official "boyfriend," you may consider attending functions alone. Think carefully about your circle of relationships. Will selecting one partner to attend a given social function commit you to include him in the future? Will you run into trouble if overlapping social circles see you romantically linked with two different people? Even if you refrain from mentioning either relationship online, chances are high that you'll find yourself...

Summary in Russian:

Обдумайте стратегию отношений с каждым из парней. Заранее решите, что вы будете делать, если вдруг, гуляя с одним из своих парней, случайно столкнетесь с другим. Подумайте о том, как вы будете вести себя на разных общественных мероприятиях. Подумайте о том, как вы будете вести профиль в социальных сетях. Выделите время и для себя.


Article in English: The school dance is a great place to ask the girl out. Just wait for a slow song, ask her to dance, and ask her if she wants to be your girlfriend at the end of the song. You’ll know from looking into her eyes while you’re dancing whether or not you have a chance. You can also use the dance as an excuse to ask her out, beforehand. Though this is more bold and puts the pressure on a bit, it gives you a great excuse to ask the girl out! The vibe at the dance is guaranteed to be a bit more romantic, say, than the vibe in your school cafeteria during lunch, so if you ask her out at the dance, there’s a better chance she’ll have romance on her mind. The downside: it may be next to impossible to get her away from her friends. If you think you’re a Casanova when it comes to the written word, then write her a cute, short note that tells her that you like her and that you want her to be your girlfriend. This is a pleasant way to surprise her and to take off some of the pressure of having a real conversation; just make sure you know that she’ll get the note, whether you’re giving it to her during class or sticking it in her textbook or locker. Tell her to get back to you via note. Whatever happens, there’s nothing to be nervous about because she won’t have to be there to see your reaction! This should be more of a last resort. If you really feel shy but want to ask the girl out and have a brave friend or two who have enough charisma to talk to the girl (without charming her too much, of course), then you can have one of your buddies go up to the girl and ask her if she wants to go out with you. Just make sure they know exactly what to say and that they don’t end up making you look like a wimp or misrepresent your intentions. If you really want a trusted friend to ask her out for you, then you may want to rehearse what he’s going to say. Yeah, this will feel ridiculous, but you’ll be grateful that you’ve prepped your friend for the big move! You can also ask the girl over the phone if you’re more of a phone guy. Call...

Summary in Russian:

Пригласите ее на свидание во время танца. Напишите ей записку. Попросите своих друзей поговорить с ней. Позвоните ей. Сделайте ей маленький, но значимый подарок. Напишите приглашение мелом. Пригласите ее на свидание с помощью еды.


Article in English: The scoop of baking soda should be one heaping scoop. Since baking is low in pH, it will help neutralize the acidity of the corrosion. Use hot water rather than cold to speed up the process. Avoid using household "cleaners" like coke, coffee, or grease as they can run onto various parts of your engine. This may cause unnecessary corrosion on metal parts, soften rubber connections, and damage your asphalt or concrete driveway. You may also choose to pour on small amounts onto the cables. Gently brush around the connections, thoroughly getting around the base as well as cleaning the build up on the connections. Continue until the battery stops reacting to the baking soda mixture. Don't use a wire brush or reamers as they can potentially remove necessary materials. If you remove too much material, the clamp may not tighten as it should, and you will have  loose connection. Use small amounts of water. Ensure that all the materials and mixtures have been rinsed from the battery and connection. Avoid getting the mixture onto the battery compartment itself. Thoroughly dry off the liquids to avoid future issues with corrosion. You may also put petroleum jelly or grease on the bases of the ports to prevent future corrosion. Connect the positive first then the negative. Use a wrench to tighten the connections sufficiently onto the ports. Place the red rubber boot over the positive terminal.

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите банку и размешайте столовую ложку пищевой соды в 500 мл воды. Окуните зубную щетку в смесь воды и пищевой соды. Опрысните кабели чистой водой, чтобы смыть чистящую смесь. Вытрите все чистой тканью или полотенцем без ворса. Верните кабели обратно.


Article in English: The screen should turn off. The screen should turn on, allowing you to view its display. You may have to hold your phone at a natural, vertical angle, rather than horizontally. Raise to Wake will not unlock your phone for you. Depending on your phone's settings, you may also be able to check weather, your current commute time, and/or local news from the swipe-down menu at the top of your phone's screen. Being able to silence your phone's alarm without touching the screen will prove useful when performing actions like cooking or showering. This will minimize the amount of concentration you have to devote to your phone, allowing you to focus on the road. Not having to touch or click any buttons to view your lock screen will decrease wear and tear on your iPhone's buttons.

Summary in Russian:

Положите iPhone на плоскую поверхность. Возьмите iPhone. Проверьте уведомления или узнайте время. Воспользуйтесь функцией «Поднятие для активации», чтобы быстро выключить будильник или таймер. Воспользуйтесь функцией «Поднятие для активации», чтобы активировать Siri во время управления автомобилем. Воспользуйтесь функцией «Поднятие для активации», чтобы просмотреть экран блокировки.


Article in English: The screen will flash briefly and a preview of the screenshot will appear at the bottom-left corner of the screen. If your iPhone doesn’t have a Home button, you can take a screenshot by pressing the Power and Volume-Up buttons. It’s the small image at the bottom-left corner. This opens the screenshot in the Markup tool, which displays several editing icons at the bottom. The preview will only stay at the bottom-left corner for a few seconds before disappearing. If it disappears before you tap it, follow these steps to open it in the Markup tool: Open the Photos app. Tap the screenshot. Tap Edit at the top-right corner. Tap the three dots icon. Tap Markup (the icon of a marker at the bottom). Drag the blue lines to surround only the part of the screenshot you want to save, if desired. Here’s how:  Tap one of the drawing tools (the marker, highlighter, and pencil icons at the bottom-left corner) to select it. Tap the tool again to choose a line width and weight. Tap the filled-in circle to select a color. Use your finger to draw on or highlight certain areas. Tap the drawing tool you select at the bottom-left corner to return to the tools list. If you made a mistake in your drawing, tap the pencil eraser tool at the bottom and then tap the error to delete it. If you don’t see the “T” at the bottom of the screen, tap the + at the bottom-right corner to expand more options, and then tap Text.  Tap the filled-in circle to choose a text color. Tap aA icon to choose a font face, size, and alignment. Tap the + at the bottom-right corner, then tap the square, circle, chat bubble, or arrow to add these shapes to the screenshot. Use the filled-in circle at the bottom to select a color. If you need to sign the screenshot, here’s how you can do that:  Tap the + at the bottom-right corner Tap Signature. Use your finger to sign your name at the bottom (or select your signature if you’ve already created one). Tap Done at the top. If your signature doesn’t appear, tap Signature again, then tap your signature to place it. ...

Summary in Russian:

Одновременно нажмите кнопку «Домой» и кнопку питания, чтобы сделать снимок экрана. Нажмите на окно предварительного просмотра в левом нижнем углу экрана, чтобы открыть снимок в инструменте «Разметка». Перетащите синие границы, чтобы обрезать скриншот. Нарисуйте что-нибудь на скриншоте. Выберите инструмент Текст, чтобы добавить текст на фотографию. Добавьте фигуры. Добавьте подпись. Используйте лупу. Коснитесь Готово в верхней части экрана. Коснитесь Сохранить в Фото, чтобы сохранить снимок экрана в приложении «Фото».


Article in English: The screen will flash briefly and a preview of the screenshot will appear at the bottom-left corner of the screen. If your iPhone doesn’t have a Home button, you can take a screenshot by pressing the Power and Volume-Up buttons. Your screenshot is saved to this location by default.  This button is located in the upper right corner of the screenshot and will bring up a variety of editing tools. This button is in the upper right corner of the screen and will automatically make color and lightning adjustments to the screenshot. This button appears in the bottom toolbar and will bring up 3 menus: “Light”, “Color”, and “B&W”. Each category will have a submenu with a number of options that can be adjusted with a slider. This icon is represented by 3 overlapping circles and is located on the bottom toolbar.  Filters like Mono, Tonal, and Noir will add a black and white stylized filter. Filters like Fade or Instant will give the screenshot a washed out, retro look. This icon is located on the right of the bottom toolbar.  Tap and drag the corners of the picture space to crop the picture. Adjust the slider to manually rotate the photo or press the “Rotate” icon (square with a curved arrow) to automatically rotate 90 degrees. Reverse pinch the photo to zoom. This button appears in the lower right corner after changes have been made.  You can undo your changes by tapping “Cancel” in the lower left corner and selecting “Discard Changes”. You can undo changes after saving by selecting “Revert” which appears in place of the “Done” button.

Summary in Russian:

Одновременно нажмите кнопку «Домой» и кнопку питания, чтобы сделать снимок экрана. Откройте приложение «Фото». Коснитесь скриншота, чтобы открыть его. Коснитесь кнопки «Изменить» в правом верхнем углу снимка, чтобы отобразить различные инструменты редактирования. Коснитесь иконки «Волшебная палочка» в правом верхнем углу экрана, чтобы воспользоваться функцией автоулучшения. Коснитесь иконки «Циферблат», чтобы настроить цвет, свет и баланс. Коснитесь иконки «Фильтр», чтобы добавить художественные эффекты. Коснитесь иконки «Поворот» справа от нижней панели инструментов, чтобы обрезать, увеличить или повернуть снимок. После внесения изменений коснитесь кнопки «Готово» в правом нижнем углу, чтобы сохранить изменения.


Article in English: The scumbling method allows artists to develop texture and value in their works. To execute this blending method, select two or more colors of oil pastels. Choose one color and begin creating controlled scribble marks across your canvas. Repeat this process with the remaining colors you selected, overlapping the colors at various, random points. Continue to layer the scribbled colors until you achieve the desired look and hue. When executing the cross-hatching method, artists blend colors together by drawing overlapping lines in two distinct directions.  Lightly sketch the area you wish to cross hatch. Select two colors of oil pastels, preferably a light and a dark shade. Determine the two directions of your lines. Assign a color to each direction. Draw a series of lines with one color going in one direction. Draw a second series of lines with the second color going in a different direction. Continue to fill in the area with lines until you achieve the desired effect. In the sgraffito method, artists create a design or add fine details by scratching through layers of oil pastels.  Apply multiple layers of oil pastels in various contrasting colors to your canvas. Often, the last layer is a dark color.  Select a pointed object of your choice, such as: a paper clip, a comb, or a wooden stylus. Use this sharp item to scratch away the layers of oil pastels, leaving behind an intricate design.

Summary in Russian:

Смешать масляную пастель разных цветов можно методом штриховки. Масляную пастель можно смешивать перекрестной штриховкой. Метод сграффито.


Article in English: The seal of the bottle cap should be located at the very bottom of the plastic cap.  The seal is a perforated line. Scissors will probably be the easiest and safest, but you could also use a steak knife.  Be careful when handling sharp blades.

Summary in Russian:

Найдите пломбу. Найдите острый предмет.


Article in English: The seasoning process requires you to basically "bake" a layer of fat into the pan so that it stays there semi-permanently. The fat protects the iron surface from oxidation (rusting).To start, warm up your oven. You can proceed to the next few steps while you wait. Generally, the easiest source of fat to work with for this purpose is cooling oil (e.g., canola oil, vegetable oil, peanut oil, etc.). Pour a small amount (no more than about one tablespoon) into the skillet and spread it around with a paper towel, coating the entire surface. Many chefs like to coat the underside and handle as well, though this is less important. Olive oil isn't the best for this task — it has a lower smoke point than most other cooking oils, which means that it's more likely to give off smoke and may possibly set off your smoke alarm. You don't have to use oil — most types of cooking fat will work well. A few ideas are provided below:  One easy solution is to use bacon grease. Cook the bacon in the cast iron pan, drain the excess grease into a pan, and use a paper towel to coat the pan evenly with the remainder. Lard or shortening also work well. For these fats, use a slightly lower temperature. 275-300 F (135-149 C) usually works well. Place the pan directly on a rack in the middle of the oven upside down (so the cooking surface faces the bottom of the oven. Put a baking sheet underneath to catch drips of excess oil. Let the pan "bake" like this for about one hour. After an hour, turn off the oven but don't open it. Let it gradually cool — this may take an extra hour or two. When the pan is cool enough to handle safely (use an oven mitt if you are unsure), take it out of the oven. Congratulations — it's now seasoned. It should resist rusting and stick to food less in the future. If you wish, you can partially re-season your pan whenever you wish by adding a little extra fat after the next few times you cook. Just apply oil, lard, etc. with a paper towel as above, covering the surface evenly with a thin layer. This isn't...

Summary in Russian:

Разогрейте духовку до 175 °C. Покройте внутреннюю поверхность сковороды растительным маслом. Можно использовать и другие источники жира. Поместите сковороду в духовку на один час. Выключите духовку.


Article in English: The second criterion for a schizophrenia diagnosis is “social/occupational dysfunction.” This dysfunction must be present for a significant portion of the time since you began displaying symptoms. Many conditions can cause dysfunction in your work and social life, so even if you’re experiencing trouble in one or more of these areas, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have schizophrenia. One or more areas of “major” functioning must be impaired:  Work/Academics Interpersonal relations Self-care One of the criteria for “dysfunction” is whether you are able to fulfill the requirements of your job. If you’re a full-time student, your ability to perform in school could be considered. Consider the following:  Do you feel psychologically able to leave the house to go to work or school? Have you had a hard time coming in on time or showing up regularly? Are there parts of your work that you now feel afraid to do? If you are a student, is your academic performance suffering? This should be considered in light of what is normal for you. If you’ve always been a reserved person, not wanting to socialize isn’t necessarily a sign of dysfunction. However, if you’ve noticed your behaviors and motivations change to things that aren’t “normal” for you, this could be something to speak with a mental health professional about.  Do you enjoy the same relationships you used to? Do you enjoy socializing in the way you used to? Do you feel like talking with others significantly less than you used to? Do you feel afraid or intensely worried about interacting with others? Do you feel like you're being persecuted by others, or that others have ulterior motives toward you? “Self-care” refers to your ability to take care of yourself and remain healthy and functional. This should also be judged within the realm of “normal for you.” So, for example, if you usually work out 2-3 times per week but haven’t felt like going in 3 months, this could be a sign of disturbance. The following behaviors are also signs of lapsed self-care:  You have...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте, можно ли считать вашу социальную и рабочую жизнь нормальной (критерий B). Подумайте о том, как вы справляетесь с работой. Подумайте об отношениях с другими людьми. Подумайте о том, изменились ли ваши привычки в уходе за собой.


Article in English: The second method of unlocking Extinction mode is pretty straightforward. You just have to play any multiplayer mode online and reach level 5. You can play Team Deathmatch and Domination to speed up the process of ranking up. After reaching level 5, you can now go back to the main menu and access Extinction mode.

Summary in Russian:

Достигните 5-го уровня. Вернитесь в главное меню.


Article in English: The second trimester of pregnancy is generally thought to be more comfortable than the first trimester.  Symptoms of morning sickness and fatigue may be starting to fade, but there are new changes happening in your body. You may find that your abdomen is beginning to expand with the continued growth of your baby. As your baby grows, your body will change its posture to accommodate the new weight. There are certain ways to help relieve back pain that you might experience. This includes:  Wearing shoes with no heel. Wearing heeled shoes may affect the curvature of your spine so try to avoid them. Walk with your pelvis tilted forward to give yourself a wider base of support. Apply a warm compress to your back. Squat rather than bend when you have to pick up objects. When your uterus increases in weight, it can put a lot of pressure on your veins, which makes it harder for blood to reach your lower extremities. When this occurs, your veins may become painful, inflamed and engorged.  Resting in Sims’ position is one way to relieve varicose veins.  This is done by lying on your back with both legs raised against a wall or a chair. Avoid crossing your legs while sitting for a long period of time. Walk for 30 minutes each day to promote blood circulation. Eat vitamin C-rich foods to ease your inflamed veins. Great sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits like oranges and lemons.  Green leafy vegetables are also rich sources of vitamin C. During the second trimester, your areola will begin to darken and their diameters will also begin to increase in size.  This happens as your breasts prepare for milk production. Your palms will start to itch during the second trimester.  This condition is more commonly known as palmar erythema. This is a normal occurrence throughout pregnancy and it happens because your estrogen levels are increased. Calamine lotion can be applied on the affected area to soothe the itching. This may happen because there is a chance that your blood pressure will go up around this time. At the same...

Summary in Russian:

Что же происходит во втором триместре беременности? Вам нужно изменить свой образ жизни, чтобы справиться с болью в спине. Во время беременности может возникнуть варикозное расширение вен. Ваши молочные железы будут изменяться во время второго триместра, чтобы подготовиться к выработке молока. Ладошки могут начать чесаться. Во время второго триместра беременности могут отекать лодыжки.


Article in English: The second you notice yourself reaching for your phone to check a text message or opening a webpage unrelated to work, stop and cut the distraction off at the pass. In order to combat the most common distractions, you must be able to recognize when they're stealing your attention away. Practice staying mindful of resisting distractions by repeating a phrase like "be here now" or "this is not what I need to be doing" when you catch your attention drifting. Being vigilant of your mind state can help snap you back to reality.  Many distractions simply have to be ignored. The brain is well-equipped to block out smaller, less intrusive distractions, but with a little practice you can learn to build up your focus and attention like a muscle. Most people lose so much time to extraneous activities because they fail to notice when they're getting distracted, and only become aware of their mistake once the damage has been done. Be disciplined about making yourself start working. Procrastination is a major distraction because it allows you to convince yourself that you’ll be better off performing a task when you feel more prepared. Once you realize that you’ll never get anything done unless you do it now, you won’t feel so tempted to put things off.  Procrastination is a childish mentality. It can cause you to avoid responsibility in favor of feeling good right now. Research has shown that people rarely meet with more success when they put things off until later as opposed to doing them right away. Sometimes you have to remind yourself to actively focus. Many people never truly learn how to stay focused and find it difficult to keep their minds from wandering when there’s work to be done. Try to shut off your own mental distractions so that you can zero in on checking items off your to-do list. It’s not enough to simply know that you need to focus; you have to apply yourself to the action you’re performing in the moment. It can help to remember that the best way to get everything done is to put all your effort toward...

Summary in Russian:

Замечайте моменты, когда вы отвлекаетесь. Не мешкайте. Используйте намеренную концентрацию. Удалитесь от источника отвлечений.


Article in English: The secretary is usually responsible for taking meeting minutes, but if this is not the case for your organization, you will need to appoint someone to record the contents of the AGM.  Keep a record of any decisions made at the AGM, especially those regarding elections and changes to the organization's constitution. It can also be a wise idea to record the names and contact information of the attendees. You can do this by instructing the attendees to sign in as they arrive. Open the AGM with a formal greeting. During this greeting, make sure that the meeting agenda and annual reports are being distributed to the attendees.  Declare the meeting to be open. As you do so, state the organization's full name and the current AGM number (the twenty-second Annual General Meeting, the thirty-nine Annual General Meeting, etc.). Welcome all members and name any special visitors. If any officer or significant member is absent, you may want to briefly state the names of those absent after your welcome message.  You may invite other present members to make apologies on behalf of additional absent attendees, as well. Make a formal motion to accept the apologies. Verify that everyone has received a copy of the meetings from last year's AGM. Review these minutes and, when all issues are addressed, move to formally accept the minutes.  If there are any amendments or corrections that need to be made, they must be made before the minutes are accepted. After voting to accept the minutes, the chairperson will need to sign off on them. Topics that are related to the minutes from your previous AGM should be addressed immediately after those minutes are accepted. Discuss the matters as needed. This is usually a time to present concerns and observations, so formal motions may not be necessary. You will need to discuss the president's or chair-person's report, the secretary's report, and the treasurer's report.  Read and discuss each report one by one. After each report has been reviewed thoroughly, you should make a formal motion to...

Summary in Russian:

Ведите протокол. Поприветствуйте присутствующих. Выразите необходимые извинения и сожаления. Пересмотрите протокол предыдущего собрания. Огласите новые вопросы. Пересмотрите отчеты. Проведите выборы, если планируете. Обсудите общие вопросы. Установите дату следующего собрания. Закройте собрание.