Article in English: Generally both are measured in mm. For example, a size three wall plug is usually a three mm drill bit. You will be able to compare them side-by-side to ensure the size is right. If you don't have a power drill, find a nail that is the size of the plug and pound that in to create your pilot hole. Unlike nail holes, wall plugs can look unsightly and require patching if you want to change positions. Make sure it is a little longer than the length of the screw. You will push the expanding section through the hole until the collared section touches the wall. Align your flat or Philips head drill bit with the top of the screw and drill into the wall. This is a special combination screw. When the threaded part is in the wall, tap the rest of it into the wall with a hammer.

Summary in Russian:

Вставьте в дрель сверло, подходящее по размеру к дюбелю. Точно определите место, на котором вы хотите повесить предмет. Просверлите в стене отверстие, используя подходящее сверло. Вставьте в просверленное отверстие дюбель. Вставьте в стенной дюбель шуруп. Проверьте, имеет ли шуруп резьбу по всей длине, или часть его гладкая. Повесьте предмет.


Article in English: Generally clothing that is rolled takes up less space than folded clothing.  You may also wish to investigate "bundling" techniques when packing.  Pack smaller items in ziplock bags, press down to remove any excess air.  This compresses items into a smaller package. Always place liquids inside resealable bags. These will contain any leaks that might occur. Leaks are inevitable when flying, due to pressure changes, so don't take any chances.     How much makeup do you really need? Mineral makeup can make it easier to have one or two items do many different contouring, highlighting and concealing jobs all at once, rather than carrying all the different containers.    Remove anything that seems as if you could live without it. Then take a photograph of it all on your smartphone. That way, you'll have a permanent visual record of what you've packed; no need to remember any lists when repacking at each hotel, campground or resort.

Summary in Russian:

Легкие вещи сложите валиками. Если туалетные принадлежности можно купить на месте по разумной цене, то обдумайте такой вариант, взяв с собой лишь двухдневный запас. Разложите все вещи из вашего списка на кровати.


Article in English: Generally speaking several bowel movements per day is considered more than normal, especially if this changes suddenly.  Increased bowel movements or changes in the consistency, volume, or appearance of poop can indicate an underlying medical condition. Be prepared to inform your healthcare provider about your bowel habits, and the typical consistency, frequency, and appearance of your poop. Celiac disease involves an immune reaction to gluten found in wheat, barley, and rye products. You should follow a gluten-free diet. Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory disease of the bowel. It is a disorder that can affect any part of the bowel from mouth to anus. Hyperthyroidism, also called overactive thyroid, can cause diarrhea and changes in bowel movement frequency. Hypothyroidism can cause constipation. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can cause constipation and diarrhea. You may also have issues with your skin, joints, eyes, and bones. Ulcerative colitis is another kind of inflammatory bowel disease that usually affects only the colon. Blood tends to be associated with this disorder. Many medications can cause changes in bowel movement frequency.

Summary in Russian:

Определите, действительно ли вы часто испражняетесь. Обратитесь за медицинской помощью, если испражнения сопровождаются болью в животе, выделением слизи, гноем или крови. Узнайте о заболеваниях, которые могут способствовать увеличению частоты испражнений.


Article in English: Generally speaking, modern laptops do not have the space for a second hard drive. Additionally, modern Mac computers—both desktop and laptop versions—don't have room for a second hard drive. You can still install an external hard drive on both Windows and Mac computers. If you don't already have a SATA hard drive that you want to install, buy one before proceeding.  You'll generally want to buy a hard drive made by the same company which made your computer (e.g., HP). Some hard drives aren't compatible with certain computers. Before buying a hard drive for your computer, search for your computer's model and the hard drive's name (e.g., "HP Pavilion compatible with L3M56AA SATA") to see if they'll work together. You should never attempt to alter your computer's internal components while the computer is running, as you may seriously harm both yourself and the computer. Some desktop computers will take a couple of minutes to finish running after unplugging them. If this is the case for your computer, wait until the computer's fans have stopped running before proceeding. This process will vary from desktop computer to desktop computer, so consult your computer's manual or online documentation for specific instructions if you don't already know how to open the case. You'll usually need a Phillips-head screwdriver for this step. . This will prevent accidental damage to your computer's sensitive internal parts (e.g., the motherboard). Your primary hard drive will be mounted in a rack that's somewhere in the computer's case; there should be a similar, empty rack near the hard drive. This is where your second hard drive will go. It should fit under or next to the primary hard drive, with the cable side of the hard drive facing you. In some cases, you'll have to tighten the mounting space with screws. Follow the current hard drive's cable all the way down to where it plugs into the motherboard, which is a green panel with circuits on it. If the hard drive's cable resembles a ribbon, your current hard drive is an...

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что компьютер работает под управлением Windows. Купите внутренний жесткий диск SATA. Выключите компьютер и отключите его от электросети. Откройте корпус компьютер. Заземлите себя Найдите пустой отсек для жесткого диска. Вставьте второй жесткий диск в отсек. Найдите разъем для подключения жесткого диска. Подключите второй жесткий диск. Подключите второй жесткий диск к блоку питания. Убедитесь, что все кабели подключены надежно и правильно. Подключите компьютер к электросети и включите его. Откройте окно «Управление дисками». Дождитесь, когда откроется окно «Инициализация диска». Нажмите OK, когда появится запрос. Сделайте второй жесткий диск пригодным для использования.


Article in English: Generally speaking, the bigger the hutch, the better. One guinea pig needs at least 7.5 square feet of cage space, but they should also have a cavy friend. Two pigs should have at least 10.5 square feet of room. Generally, add about 2-4 square feet for each additional guinea pig.   It can also be designed to have two stories, one atop the other, to make more space. However, this will require a ramp, so if you plan on doing it, make sure that your guinea pig can climb the ramp first. Unlike many other small mammals, guinea pigs are not particularly athletic and may have trouble climbing a steep ramp.    Note that guinea pigs should not be housed outdoors. They should be kept indoors in a 65–80 °F (18–27 °C) environment. The best hutches are made from good solid wood. Avoid cheap and flimsy plywood. You will additionally need wire mesh, wood staples, screws or nails, galvanized latches, and tools like an electric drill, hammer, screwdriver, tape measure, wire-cutters, and saw, and workspace for the assembly job.  An large cupboard or cabinet can often be converted into an effective hutch. This will save you from having to buy all new materials and construct the frame yourself. Before you begin building, make a detailed blueprint to scale (with actual proportions). This will let you know exactly how much wood, nails, and other supplies you will need. If you aren't comfortable with do-it-yourself projects, you can buy guinea pig hutches at pet stores or online, pre-made or with easy to assemble parts, for between $100-$300. However, make sure the one you purchase meets the size requirements outlined earlier. Start by doing your measurements and cutting. Depending on how big you want the hutch, you will need to have three separate lengths for the wooden pieces: one for length, one for width, and one for height. Your dimensions, for example, might be something like 30” x 60” x 15”. You will need at least 4 pieces of each size, and more if you want to construct individual frames for each of the hutch's six sides and...

Summary in Russian:

Подготовьте чертеж будущей клетки. Приготовьте необходимые материалы. Сконструируйте каркас клетки. Прикрепите дно, стенки и крышу клетки.


Article in English: Generally you want a large bucket (roughly five gallons) filled with one to two gallons of water. If you do not have a bucket, you can use a plugged sink. Make sure the sink is fully plugged and then fill the sink with warm water. This is not the same kind of detergent you would use in a washer machine. Regular detergent is too concentrated and will make your hand-wash only clothes feel grimy. You can purchase delicate detergent in the same isle as regular detergent in your grocery store--just make sure it says mild or delicate on the bottle. Swish them through the water so that they are fully saturated. You can even let them sit for several moments so that they fully absorb the detergent. You should rinse your clothes with warm, clean water. You can run your clothes one at a time under the faucet you used to fill up the bucket (or the sink.) Rinse the clothes until they are no longer sudsy and the water that runs off them is clean and without bubbles. You should not hang these clothes to dry, as hanging them could cause them to stretch. Instead, lay these delicate clothes flat to dry. This will ensure that they do not stretch, and will minimize the amount of wrinkles formed in the drying process.

Summary in Russian:

Заполните таз водой. Добавьте мягкое моющее средство для стирки. Замочите вещи в воде. Прополощите белье. Высушите вещи.


Article in English: Generally, eggs are transported to stores in vehicles in which the ambient temperature doesn’t exceed 45°F (7°C). Keeping eggs refrigerated helps to prevent foodborne illness like salmonella. Take the time to open an egg carton and inspect the eggs for cracks or breakage. Salmonella tends to live on the exterior of the eggshell and can travel into the interior via cracks. Over time, the yolk begins to absorb water from the egg white. The egg white becomes thinner, losing some of its thickening and leavening abilities, and the yolk becomes flatter, larger and more easily broken. Eggs may be kept in your refrigerator for 3 to 5 weeks after you bring them home from the store, even if the sell-by date passes during that time. A shield bearing the USDA grade of the egg means that the egg has been examined and certified to meet strict quality standards. These eggs have not been previously packed and shipped, and they have not been doused in non-USDA-approved cleansers. USDA-grade eggs are coded to identify both the location where the eggs were packed and the day of the year when the eggs were packed. Grade AA eggs have thick, firm whites and high, round yolks. This grade of egg is virtually free of defects and is best for frying, poaching or other cooking applications where the appearance of the egg matters. However, most stores sell Grade A eggs. These eggs are the same quality as Grade AA except that the white is categorized as “reasonably” firm. Grade-B eggs are seldom found in retail stores because they are used to make liquid, frozen and dried egg products. The sizing of eggs is determined by their weight, not by their dimensions. Many recipes are very specific about the size of egg that should be used, particularly in baking. Large eggs are best for most applications.

Summary in Russian:

Всегда покупайте яйца, хранимые в холодильнике. Покупайте яйца в чистой не треснутой скорлупе. Не покупайте просроченные яйца. Найдите штамп Министерства сельского хозяйства. Выберите подходящий сорт. Выбирайте самый полезный и экономичный размер.


Article in English: Generally, if the disease is localized to the prostate, it is curable. If the cancer is susceptible to hormone treatments, the prognosis is considered to be favorable. The three-year survival rate for prostate cancer is 100% for local invasion, 99.1% for regional invasion, and 33.1% for distant metastasis. If the cancer is only in the prostate, it can generally be treated with a radical prostatectomy, which means surgically removing the prostate. For older males with a life expectancy of less than ten years who have not displayed symptoms, it may be advisable to observe the condition before committing to surgery. This is because surgery on the prostate can cause additional complications that include urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. For prostate cancer that has progressed beyond the prostate to local regions of the body, radiation therapy is usually prescribed. In addition, deprivation of androgens (hormones that maintain male characteristics) may help to decrease the spread of the disease. When the prostate cancer has become locally invasive, treatment aims to decrease the spread of the cancer. Once the prostate cancer has invaded other parts of the body, treatment regimens will usually entail reducing the amount of testosterone produced in the body, which can be a more radical approach to reducing androgens than with locally invasive disease.  Anti-androgens — These medications will aim to block androgens from expressing their effects on the proper hormonal tissue receptors in the body to reduce testosterone production.  GnRH antagonists — These medications will bind to receptors in the pituitary gland and help to suppress the production of testosterone. Luteinizing hormone-releasing agonists — These medications will also affect the androgen producing pathways of your body to reduce testosterone. Orchiectomy — This procedure calls for the complete removal of the testes. This is usually reserved for patients who are non-compliant with their medications.

Summary in Russian:

Спросите врача о вашем прогнозе. Изучите информацию о радикальной простатэктомии. Спросите врача о радиационной терапии при очаговом расположении опухоли. Узнайте, какие есть варианты лечения при метастазах.


Article in English: Generally, infections can last from 7-21 days. Often, a minor infection will clear up on its own. Under certain circumstances, however, you should seek a veterinarian.  If your cat's cold does not clear up within a 5-7 days, see a vet. You should also see a vet if your cat is dehydrated, not eating, or having difficulty breathing. A variety of diseases can cause cold-like symptoms in a cat. Depending on your cat's other symptoms and risk factors, your vet should test for other conditions. Don't hesitate to Talk to your vet about the tests needed to diagnose and treat your cat.  A complete blood count should be done to rule out any blood-related conditions. Chemistry tests to evaluate the function of organs like the liver and kidneys and Electrolyte tests may be administered to check for dehydration and imbalance. Urine tests to check for urinary tract infections and kidney issues. And if your vet suspects something more serious, they may test for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) or feline leukemia (FeLV). Depending on the underlying cause of your cat's symptoms, your vet may prescribe medications. If they do, administer it exactly as instructed. Ask your vet any questions you have about the medication before leaving the office. Make sure to give your cat a full round of the medication prescribed, even after symptoms pass.

Summary in Russian:

Выясните, нуждается ли кот в осмотре ветеринаром. Обязательно сдайте назначенные ветеринаром анализы, чтобы выяснить причину проблем. Обязательно пролечите кота в соответствии с указаниями ветеринара.


Article in English: Generally, it's better for your fuel economy if you maintain a steady speed, which is why using cruise control and driving at or below the speed limit is an important part of hypermiling.  However, varying your speed in relation to the actual terrain you're driving over is also necessary. When you're driving plan a path that doesn't require braking followed by a sudden start. Careful coasting can reduce your gas usage so much that acceleration won't even cause a hiccup in your cruising mpg.  On newer cars if the car is in gear and your foot is off the accelerator, the injectors shut off completely, creating essentially "free" mileage — your car's going but you're not using gas beyond a small amount for engine braking, or the engine's resistance to your costing. Don't coast by disengaging the clutch and/or putting the car in neutral. This will cause the engine to go into idle which uses up more gas than simply leaving the car in gear and letting it coast along with minimal engine input. Coasting can can be frustrating and difficult if other drivers keep cutting in front of you. Use basic safety techniques and common sense to keep your coasting safe.   Keep your foot ready to use the brake. If you do need to stop suddenly you should be able to react quickly. Since you're using the accelerator as little as possible, braking or not braking is your primary means of controlling your speed. Obeying traffic laws is more important than saving gas. This is true from a cost:benefit perspective as well as just plain common sense. After all, if you have to pay a $500 ticket for coasting right through a stop sign and another $2,000 per year in increased insurance premiums after getting into an accident while hypermiling, you've basically eaten all the savings you created by hypermiling in the first place. The 'accelerator' is so named because it pushes more fuel into the engine, making it run faster — and also lowering your fuel economy and increasing your output of pollutants. Go gentle on the accelerator and you'll see...

Summary in Russian:

Снизьте нагрузку на двигатель. Старайтесь вести машину так, словно у вас нет тормозов, - как можно чаще катитесь по инерции. Катитесь осторожно. Обращайтесь с педалью газа аккуратно. Если вам нужно увеличить скорость, сделайте это быстро. Избегайте холостого хода. Используйте технику "разгон и скольжение" в гибридных машинах. Пользуйтесь возможностями возвышенных участков. По возможности "садитесь на хвост" большим машинам.


Article in English: Generally, keep the flashes with the kilt they match. Pull the kilt hose, which resemble knee socks, over the knee before you deal with the other two pieces.  Fasten the garter and flashes just below the knee. The flashes should be off to the outside of the leg. Fold the kilt hose to below the knee about 3-4 fingers down and over the garter, displaying a few inches of the flashes. Smooth it all out and adjust as necessary, making sure both sets of flashes are displayed at the same angle. eg: Left Hand at 11 am, Right Hand at 1 pm. Don't tie them halfway up your legs! There are two ways to tie them; choose the one that appeals most to you.   The High-Front Tie: Start by making sure your laces are the same length. Tie half a knot, keep some tension on the laces, wrap them around the back of your ankle, twist once or twice and then again around the front,(sometimes around the back twice, depends on laces length)making an X.The when back at the front again, tie it off to the side of the shin bone with a Half Hitch Bow is best.  The Low Tie: Follow the steps described in the High-Front tie method, but scrunch everything down so that it remains around your ankle instead of up your calf. With this method, tie in a bow or a half hitch bow. A sporran is a leather or fur pouch that is traditionally worn at the front of a kilt. Fasten the sporran strap using the loops at the back of your kilt. The sporran should be centered and hang about 1 hands width below the bottom of the Waist Belt. Otherwise, place the sporran at the back of your body and fasten the buckle in front of you. Swing it around so the sporran is now resting on your abdomen. They're available in a huge variety of styles and range from the classic to the contemporary. Pin your kilt pin through the front apron only. Pin it 4" (10 cm) up from the bottom hem and 2" (5 cm) in from the side. In addition to being decorative, the kilt pin's weight helps keep the kilt from flapping, preserving your modesty when a breeze whooshes by. This part is fairly...

Summary in Russian:

Оденьте чулки для килта, подтяжки и ленточки. Оденьте специальные шотландские ботинки. Низкий узел: Пристегните на килт вашу любимую булавку. Оденьте пиджак и жилет. Не забудьте о традиционном шотландском ноже!


Article in English: Generally, people like to kiss people who are groomed and have clean teeth. You want to look presentable! If you are a crunchier person, don’t worry about the grooming as much. There is a nobility in cutting down on water usage and hygiene product production that some will find more attractive than clean hair. Experiencing something new activates adrenaline and heightens awareness, which together make meaningful memories and can help you create a stronger bond with your special someone.  Try going bouldering, a form of rock climbing that doesn’t require a harness. Don’t worry—the walls are pretty short! If there’s a restaurant or bar you’ve both been wanting to try out, go together. While some people certainly do kiss in public places, not everyone loves PDA, especially for a first kiss. Talk about pressure!  If you’re at a party, you could ask if your partner wants to go on a walk or to talk in a different room. Say something like, “It’s so noisy and crowded in here! Want to go get some fresh air?” It can be scary to ask someone out first, but if you’ve been crushing on this person and never gone on a date, it’s important that they know you’re interested. Ask them if they want to come over to watch a movie, just the two of you. This will vary based on where you are and what your evening plans look like.  The most important thing is to be warm and approachable. It’s easy to be standoffish if you are nervous, but no one will try to kiss you if you are. If you want him to make the move, you have to help them feel confident that you are open to it. Make sure to smile! Just as your other half needs to feel that you’re approachable, they also need to know that you’re enjoying yourself with them.  If you invite them over to your house for dinner or a movie, make sure the space is clean and the air smells inviting. Atmosphere is everything.

Summary in Russian:

Соблюдайте хорошую гигиену. Попробуйте заняться чем-то новым вместе. Останьтесь с ним наедине. Создайте интимную обстановку.


Article in English: Generally, prayer is a way of centering yourself and focusing your attention on communicating with the higher power you believe in. Some religions have very ritualized methods of prayer, while others are more informal. Regardless of your religion, however, the most important aspect of prayer is developing the correct attitude.  Be humbled. Again, prayer isn't like writing to an advice column, or making withdrawals from a  bank. Remember who you're talking to, and who you're opening yourself up to. Be respectful and speak with humility. Don't try to feel god doing anything while you pray, and don't try to have an "experience." The loudest in the room is not the strongest, and by no means is the quietest the most wise. If you feel emotional, that's fine, but you don't need to be taken in by dramatic displays of "devotion." Seldom will the clouds part and a booming voice will drop a new iPad into your life. That's not how prayer works. Try to stay aware of subtle changes in your life and opportunities that present themselves. If you ask for guidance with a new job, don't expect that a mysterious letter will show up under your door five minutes later with explicit instructions. Watch out for new acquaintances, opportunities to shine in the way you shine best, and stay strong. Have the faith that you'll see the right path in prayer.  Even if you're a devout believer, you're still the one with the free will to choose your own path. You're the one who's in charge of your own life, and it'll be your job to make the right decision. If you asked for a job, go look for one. If you asked for your children to behave better, teach them to do so. Prayer is an effective tool for many people, but it's also not an excuse for avoiding making plans. You still have to live your life. Not writing a will when you're sick because "God will provide" is being irresponsible. Not finding work to feed your family because you're "praying for food" is a misunderstanding of prayer. Praying together can be a powerful experience. Whether you...

Summary in Russian:

Развивайте правильное отношение. Научитесь слушать. Молитесь вместе с другими людьми. Выработайте привычку молиться.


Article in English: Generally, rayon clothes are fairly fragile, but can still be machine-washed with care. However, some rayon clothes are un-washable. To avoid tearing your clothing, bleeding colors, or otherwise ruining your favorite clothes, always follow the instructions on the care label. Though this section contains instructions on both machine-washing and hand-washing viscose (rayon) clothing, these instructions should be taken as generalities and not as hard and fast rules. In other words, always prioritize your garment's unique care instructions over the ones provided in this section. If your rayon clothing's care instructions specify that it can be washed, it's almost always better to hand-wash it than to machine wash it. Rayon clothing is extra-fragile when it's wet and, thus, is less likely to be damaged by your own careful hands than by the agitation of a washing machine. Place your rayon clothing in cool or temperate water and add hand-washing detergent. Gently work and massage the soap suds into the clothing, taking care not to handle the clothing roughly. Never squeeze, bunch up, or wring out rayon clothing to remove water, as this can tear the delicate fibers. Instead, gently shake any excess moisture out. If you're confident that your rayon clothing won't be damaged by machine washing, try to ensure that only similar types of rayon clothing are in the load. Rougher clothes, like denim jeans, can catch on the rayon during the wash cycle, pulling and tearing it. Use cool water and a gentle washer setting for added security. Another way to protect your rayon clothing in the washing machine is to place all of the rayon clothing in your load into a net laundry bag. This ensures it doesn't mix with the other clothing in your load, eliminating much of the risk of tearing. When your rayon clothing is washed, remove each piece of clothing individually and gently shake it to remove moisture. Smooth out any wrinkles with your hands. Then, hang on a non-metal wire to dry (metal wires can leave rust spots). Alternatively,...

Summary in Russian:

Всегда руководствуйтесь рекомендациями по уходу за одеждой, помещенными на этикетке. Ручная стирка в холодной воде. Машинная стирка с одеждой из подобного материала. Как вариант, вы можете использовать сетчатый мешок, чтобы защитить вашу одежду. Развесьте сушиться. Не используйте электрические сушки. Гладьте вискозу только с изнанки.


Article in English: Generally, set your digital camera to a resolution of 1600x1200, or 2 MP, for the highest quality prints 3x5 or 4x6 prints. Upload your photos from your camera onto your computer. When you do this, you ensure that you can always start over if you make editing mistakes. If you crop your photos using the wrong aspect ratio, even high resolution images can become distorted.  A horizontal 4x6 photo has an aspect ratio of 3:2, which means that the ratio of its length to its width is 3:2. A horizontal 3x5 photo has an aspect ration of 5:3 (5" long and 3" wide) The aspect ratio is reversed if your picture is vertical. For instance, a vertical 3x5 print has an aspect ratio of 3:5, and a vertical 4x6 has an aspect ratio of 2:3. When you crop your photo, make sure that the new photo length and width has the appropriate aspect ration for a 4x6 or a 3x5. Specify the aspect ratio in your cropping tool within your photo editing software or within your online editing tools. A DPI setting of 300 generally produces the best photos.

Summary in Russian:

Когда делаете фотографии, установите на вашей камере соответствующее разрешение. Откройте программное обеспечение для редактирования фотографий на компьютере. Сохраните оригинал фотографии и сделайте ее копию для редактирования. Помните о соотношении сторон. Выберите количество точек на дюйм (DPI) в программе для редактирования.


Article in English: Generally, the cut is similar for boys or girls, featuring layers of hair and side-swept bangs. Some highlights are also common, but shouldn't be severe or particularly dramatic. Natural hair-color is more desirable than, say, blue anime-style highlights.  Boys typically have a medium-length cut with side-swept bangs, longer somewhat in the front than in the back.     Girls often have straight bangs or side-swept bangs with either straight or loosely curled hair. Generally, the hair is dark brown or chestnut-colored, as opposed to blonde.    There's no universal haircut for beauty. Talk to your hairstylist and pick one that will flatter your unique beauty and features, emphasizing your jawline and the shape of your face. It's less important to get a particular haircut than to get one that looks good on you. Ulzzang styled hair is generally very healthy-looking and shimmering, highlighting the natural beauty of your coloring. Use fortifying shampoo and conditioner, as well as regular brushings to keep your hair healthy. Be careful of using too much heat on your hair, which can fry it some and leave it frazzled looking and damaged. Let the natural oils in your hair do their work.

Summary in Russian:

Сделайте прическу в стиле «улззанг». Подстригитесь так, чтобы волосы вас стройнили. Следите за волосами.


Article in English: Generally, the more time and money that is invested into the creation and publishing of the material, the more likely you are to find reliable information. A poorly designed website or pamphlet, or a site that is covered in unsightly advertisements and pop-ups, is not likely to provide information from an individual or organization invested in preserving their reputation or image.  Look for high-end, professional finishes to websites and print publications. Note that this does not mean that all information found in well-packaged sources is credible. Templates for well-designed websites are inexpensive and easily available. A source is more credible if written by someone with a degree or other credentials in the subject of interest. If no author or organization is named, the source should not be considered highly credible. However, if the author is presenting original work, evaluate the merit of the ideas, not the credentials. Credentials have never guaranteed innovation and the history of science tells us that the big advances in sciences tend to come from outsiders, not the establishment. Some questions that you should ask about the author are:  Where does the author work? If the author is affiliated with a reputable institution or organization, what are its values and goals? Do they benefit financially by promoting a particular view? What is his or her educational background? What other works has the author published? What experience does the author have? Is s/he an innovator, or a follower and promoter of the status quo? Has this author been cited as a source by other scholars or experts in the field? In the case of an anonymous author, you can check who published the website with http://whois.domaintools.com. It will tell you who registered the domain name and when, how many other domains they have, an email address to reach the person or organization as well as the mailing address. Find out when the source was published or revised. In some subject areas, such as the sciences, having current sources is...

Summary in Russian:

Оцените профессионализм статьи, сайта или другого источника информации. Ищите имя автора публикации. Узнайте, когда было опубликовано издание или статья. Найдите информацию об издателе; такая информация зачастую подскажет вам, стоит ли доверять публикации. Определите целевую аудиторию издания. Прочитайте отзывы. Посмотрите на источники вашего источника информации. Определите объективность информации. Определите неангажированность источника информации. Узнайте, кто является спонсором печатного издания или другого источника информации.


Article in English: Generally, you want the soil around your plants to be damp in summer and dry in winter. A soaker hose, where water seeps out of a hose line to water plants, should provide enough moisture for your berries if used for an hour or two every week. In some cases, like during heat or dry spells, you may need to water your berries more than usual. Training your plants by pruning them will encourage a rich and productive crop. Remove canes (stems) outside the 12 to 18 in (30.5 to 45.7 cm) total row width. Cut away any canes that are damaged, infested with insects, or appear diseased.  For summer-harvest crops of red raspberries, cut down discolored, grayish canes after they have finished producing fruit. Leave new, healthy plants. For fall-harvest crops, cut off all the canes at ground level after they have finished producing fruit. For black raspberries, cut off the side fruit-producing branches after harvesting. Remove weak and untrained branches. When not producing, cut off small canes. Remove the smallest, ineffective canes from all plants in late winter. Ideally, three to six strong, healthy canes will remain after this process. You can apply a few inches of mature compost and/or an organic fertilizer, such as fish emulsion, to promote healthy, productive plants. A homemade, organic raspberry fertilizer might look like:  Organic homemade raspberry fertilizer: 4 parts canola seed meal (or fish meal), 1 part dolomitic lime (to offset acidity in the seed meal), 1 part rock phosphate (or ½ part bone meal), 1 part kelp meal. The berries should be rich in color and come free easily from the plant. Some varieties, however, offer a bit of resistance when being picked. Taste a few berries to determine if they are sweet enough to harvest. As the color darkens, the sugar level increases.  Harvest berries early in the morning when it is still cold outside. This prevents them from smashing as you pick them. Rinse your berries and eat them immediately after harvesting. Though raspberries will keep in the refrigerator for...

Summary in Russian:

Поливайте малину умеренно. Подрезайте малину хотя бы один раз в год. Удобрите землю в конце зимы. Собирайте ягоды в конце лета или в начале осени.


Article in English: Genetics aside, education is a big factor contributing to your IQ. Try reading up on the sciences, such as mathematics and physics. Sciences increase your understanding of the world, which in turn improves comprehension, vocabulary, spatial and mathematical abilities, and logic. You can try MIT OpenCourseware, which offers notes, syllabuses, and tests from over 1800 official MIT courses. You can also go for Coursera, KhanAcademy, or even YouTube. To stave off dementia and to keep your brain churning away at high speeds, make sure to do puzzles and games regularly – which means (in this day and age) more time on the Internet and your phone! Download apps like Lumosity, What Saying, Quiz Up, and other games that get your brain juices flowing. Put down the Candy Crush and spend some time instead improving your IQ! The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Stanford-Binet do not measure intelligence in a single, simple form. Rather, they have a set of problems which measure your ability to process things quickly, understand what you are told, and recognize sequences. Just like that chemistry test you had to take four times in high school to pass, IQ tests aren’t all that different. They have the same basic structure and types of questions over and over. Therefore, the more you take it, the better you’ll do. The tests you can take for free online aren't like the actual tests you might take through a career center or a psychiatrist. If you want your real IQ, you'll have to take the real thing. There is generally a fee, so always try your hardest. When you do the same thing day in and day out, the brain sort of goes on autopilot. It stops taking in stimuli, comfortable in its surroundings. When you have new experiences though, the brain wakes up and takes it all in, revving up for a change. So instead of popping in that DVD tonight, find a museum, a show, or a new place to check out to keep your mental clock ticking wildly. Even just visiting a new place or trying a new food is a good experience. You're widening...

Summary in Russian:

Читайте как можно больше. Составляйте словесные головоломки и играйте в различные логические игры. Проходите тесты снова и снова. Получайте новый опыт. Научитесь чему-то новому.


Article in English: Genital warts are a common complication of HPV, though the transmission of HPV does not always lead to genital warts.  Approximately 360,000 individuals acquire genital warts each year in the United States alone.  Genital warts may appear as a small bump or group of bumps. There is great variance in the appearance and size of genital warts. They may appear small or large, raised off the skin or flat, or may appear lumpy like a cauliflower crown.  If left untreated, genital warts may go away on their own, they may remain unchanged, or they may spread and grow larger.  Genital warts that grow large and spread to the birth canal may cause complications during a pregnancy. Cervical cancer is the second most common form of cancer in women living in under-developed regions of the world. In 2012 it caused almost 270,000 deaths worldwide.  Cervical cancer usually does not present any noticeable symptoms until it enters advanced stages, at which point it can become life-threatening and difficult to treat.  Having regular Pap tests can help identify and treat cervical cancer before it enters the advanced stages. Regular Pap tests are the most effective means of detecting and preventing cervical cancer. Though cervical cancer is the most serious complication related to HPV transmission, the virus has been linked to numerous other types of cancers that can affect both men and women worldwide.  Vulvar cancer - cancer of the vulva (the outer portion of female genitalia) is often caused by HPV. Almost seven out of every ten cases of vulvar cancer, and virtually all incidents of vulvar pre-cancer, are linked to HPV transmission. Routine physical examinations by a medical professional are the best means of detecting vulvar cancer.  Vaginal cancer - over seven out of every ten cases of vaginal cancer are linked to HPV transmission. The same Pap tests used to detect cervical cancer are sometimes used to detect vaginal cancer and pre-cancer.  Penile cancer - men exposed to high-risk HPV strains may develop cancer of the penis....

Summary in Russian:

Научитесь распознавать симптомы генитальных бородавок. Узнайте больше о раке шейки матки. Есть и другие онкологические риски.


Article in English: Genital warts may disappear on their own without treatment. If your genital warts are not painful, consider leaving them to heal without treatment. About 30% of genital warts will regress (go away) within the first 4 months after infection, even without treatment.  If you decide to not treat your warts, you can leave them to heal as long as they're not causing you any discomfort.  Be aware that even if you decide to leave the warts to heal on their own, that you can still infect others with warts and are more likely to get other diseases.  If you choose to not treat your genital warts, they are also more likely to recur. They may also be hard to keep clean.  HPV can cause cancer, including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. Because of this, it's a good idea to have a doctor monitor your condition. If your doctor diagnoses you with genital warts, she will likely prescribe you a treatment that you apply directly to your skin. It's important to use a prescribed medication for genital warts and not an over-the-counter remedy.  Your doctor may prescribe imiquimod, podophyllin, or podofilox or to treat the lesion.  A prescription ointment using sinecatechins (green tea extract) may be prescribed for external and anal warts.  You apply these treatments to the affected areas as prescribed by your doctor. Be aware that these treatments can cause skin sensitivity and weaken condoms or diaphragms.  Your doctor may also apply trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to your genital warts. This treatment requires frequent visits to your doctor.  Your sexual partner(s) also require treatment if they have symptoms of genital warts. This will keep you and your partner(s) from passing the disease back and forth between one another.  Do not use over-the-counter wart treatments on genital warts. These medications aren't intended for delicate genital tissues and can increase any discomfort you have. In some cases, you may need surgery to remove large warts or warts that don't respond to medication. There are several different...

Summary in Russian:

Дождитесь, пока бородавки пройдут сами. Обратитесь к врачу за назначением. Удалите бородавки хирургически, если потребуется. Не занимайтесь сексом или занимайтесь только безопасным сексом. Не давайте бородавкам распространяться по коже. Снимайте боль и дискомфорт, вызванные бородавками. Обратитесь к врачу, если симптомы не пройдут после лечения. Носите чистое и свободное белье из натуральных тканей. Регулярно наблюдайтесь у гинеколога, если вы беременны и заразились генитальными бородавками.


Article in English: Genogram templates are available online or you can start from scratch and fill one out by hand. You can also purchase software programs designed specifically for creating genograms. The symbols act as a visual indicator of the information you gathered in your interviews. You can draw the standard genogram symbols by hand or by using the "draw" or "shapes" options in a word processing program.  Males are indicated by a square. When indicating a marriage, position the male symbol to the left. Women are indicated by a circle. When indicating a marriage, position the female symbol to the right. A single horizontal line indicates marriage and two slanted lines separation. The oldest child is always below and to the left of his family, whereas the youngest should be below and to the right. Other available symbols help you describe family events such as pregnancy or miscarriage, illnesses and deaths. There is even a diamond symbol to represent pets. For example, you may decide to start your genogram with your grandparents or even your great grandparents. Genograms can be used to show the diversity in family relationships as well as patterns of illnesses.  A genogram includes symbols to indicate family interactions such as conflict, closeness, estrangement, etc. Emotional relationships have specific symbols that help keep the flow of the genogram clear. There are also symbols that denote sexual and physical abuse as well as mental and physical disorders. Once you've made the genogram, look carefully to see what patterns can be identified. There may be hereditary patterns or particular psychological tendencies that are very noticeable when grouped together in this way.  Be careful about making assumptions. The data is one thing, but avoid using it to confirm that your family has a particular disease, or mental issue. Talk to a medical professional about any potential for hereditary problems of this type. Avoid using the genogram to make assumptions about the motivations of family members as well, or using this to...

Summary in Russian:

Выберите шаблон для генограммы. Для обозначения родственников и связей (как обычных, так и распавшихся) используйте стандартные значки генограммы. Оформите схему на основании семейных связей так, чтобы самое старое поколение из тех, что вас интересует, оказалось сверху. Поищите закономерности.


Article in English: Genres categorize music within overarching umbrellas; large amounts of music tied together via a common tone or structural approach, but usually both. Referring to genre is the easiest way you can describe music to someone. Genres may refer primarily to the sound, but they come with a lot of preconceptions, including lyrical content and artistic intention. If the song you're trying to describe fits what you know of the genre, the genre-tag will become that much more useful to you.  In modern music, it is common for musical groups to draw from two or more genres to develop a unique character of their own. Calling a band 'eclectic' is a decent start if they're playing in many different genres. Try to keep your genre tags limited to one or two however; anything more and you'll just end up confusing whomever you're talking to. The Beatles, for instance, incorporate many styles, but they're best seen as pop. Led Zeppelin could be considered anything from progressive to blues or metal, but they're arguably best pegged as bluesy hard rock. For example, you might say: "Deathspell Omega's "Obombration" is an interesting song for the band. It has the atmosphere of orthodox black metal, but the instruments used are largely orchestral, making it sound like very dark classical music." The majority of songs you'll hear are quite clear in their topics. Many pop songs, for example, concern romantic encounters the singer has had. If the song's meaning isn't already apparent to you, do some research online to learn what the song is about. Many songs-- especially classics-- will have some info as to the story behind them. Using this story alongside your description will help to specify the character of the song. For example, you might say: "Pink Floyd's "Dogs" tells a story of dogs being aggressive in their nature, but it's also a cynical commentary on the 'dog eat dog' mentality in modern society. This cynical undertone has a big effect on the song's atmosphere." Formal notation is the way musicians describe the objective...

Summary in Russian:

Определите жанр. Прочитайте текст песни. Ознакомьтесь с нотной записью. Перечислите музыкантов.


Article in English: Gentle play with your rabbit daily is essential to a good life. Rabbits love to knock things down, and often enjoy playing a “bowling” type game. They also like to “steal” things from you -- make sure they are taking only things that are rabbit-safe. Some rabbits also enjoy playing fetch. Think about a multi-level structure with open shelving and a fence. These are easy to create from store-bought shelving -- be sure that the holes in any open shelving are not too big for rabbit feet. Rabbits love to hide and run under things. Find a good sized box that is larger than your rabbit. Cut openings on two of the sides to make a tunnel for him/her to play in. Feed him or her a good diet with lots of fiber. Make sure he or she stays healthy -- physically examine your rabbit to make sure there is no unusual discharge, his or her teeth are fine, and to be certain the rabbit is not overweight. With proper care, feeding, and love, you can keep your house rabbit happy. Make sure he or she has clean and appropriate places to sleep, eat, and play. Enjoy your time with your delightful pet!

Summary in Russian:

Играйте с кроликом. Создайте для кролика интересную игровую зону. Поместите в игровую зону коробку. Следите за общим благополучием кролика. Сделайте кролика счастливым.


Article in English: Gently French kiss her by touching her tongue with yours. Once you are both fully relaxed and enjoying kissing, you can amp things up by adding a little tongue. You never want to be too aggressive with a French kiss, so try to just use the tip of your tongue in a natural way. The neck is an extremely sensitive area, and kissing it will feel nice to her. Vary your make out session by placing a few soft kisses on her neck or just behind her ears. Don’t kiss her neck too hard or you might leave a hickey! Making out should involve more than just your mouths. Start out by putting your hands around her waist, or place one hand on the back of her head to keep her close to you.  Explore her body as it feels natural, but take your time. If you go too far too fast, she might become uncomfortable. Don't touch her in any intimate places, unless you have her permission. She may indicate that she wants you to do so by placing your hands there, telling you, or touching you in your intimate areas. If you're not sure, ask. As you’re making out, pay attention to her behavior. You can use her body language to tell when it’s time to stop kissing.  Is she pulling away a little and holding back as she kisses you? She might feel like it’s time to wrap up the makeout session. If she’s pressing her body into yours and using her hands on you, she probably wants to keep making out.

Summary in Russian:

Подготовьтесь к поцелую. Поцелуйте ее шею и уши. Используйте руки. Следуйте за ней.


Article in English: Gently bring your orchid to its new pot and place the roots inside. Make sure the plant sits in the new pot at the same depth as it did in the old one, or so that the lowest leaf’s base is a half-inch (1.3 cm) lower than the pot’s rim. If your orchid is sitting too low, remove the plant and add a layer of medium to the bottom of the pot.  For orchids with pseudobulbs, position the orchid so the pseudobulb is at the edge of the pot. For orchids growing from a single major stem, position the orchid in the center of the pot. Sprinkle the growing medium into the pot, and use your fingers to gently press the medium in and around the roots. Add enough medium so that it comes up to the base of the orchid.  When you’ve added all the medium and packed it loosely around the roots, carefully tilt the pot from side to side to make sure the orchid doesn’t flop around. If it does, pack in a bit more medium.  To settle the medium in place, pick up the pot and gently tap the bottom against a flat surface a couple times. Spray the orchid with water for three weeks, but only after the roots begin to grow. Once the orchid is settled in its new pot, add enough water to soak the medium thoroughly. Over the next few weeks, you may have to water the orchid more frequently until the medium is able to absorb and retain more moisture.  Once the orchid is fully established, water it every two weeks or so, when the medium becomes dry to the touch. Make sure that you fertilize your orchid once per week using a weak 20-20-20 fertilizer solution. Orchids can easily become top heavy if they have a lot of flowers that bloom at once. Prevent them from slumping over by attaching the plant to a stake.  Insert a thin bamboo stake into the center of the pot. Gently tie the main stem to the stake with soft string. Tie the plant at the middle and near the top. To reduce the plant’s stress from being repotted, move it somewhere that gets filtered sun only. Keep it out of full and direct sunlight for about a week. To provide more humidity, mist the...

Summary in Russian:

Посадите орхидею в новый горшок. Добавьте свежую почву. Поливайте растение. Добавьте для устойчивости колышек. В течение недели обеспечивайте орхидее более высокую влажность и тень.


Article in English: Gently carry your cat to your dosing area (i.e. the towel) and make sure your voice is soothing, happy, and relaxed. Place the cat in the middle of the towel, facing you. At this point, you will need to ensure that the cat cannot wiggle or escape during the dosing.  If your cat is very placid, it may be sufficient to hold it. If you have an assistant, he or she should place a hand on each of the cat's shoulders and gently grips the cat's upper forelegs. This keeps the cat still and stops it from lifting a front paw to scratch.  You or the assistant can also cuddle the cat to your chest or stomach, to stop the cat backing away or wriggling sideways.  If your cat is wiggly or likely to scratch you, you'll need to wrap the cat in the towel. Wrap your feline snugly, with just its head protruding. A snug fit around the neck ensures the claws are safely contained inside and cannot scratch you.  To do this, fold one half of the towel over the cat's back and repeat with the opposite half so that the cat is contained within the towel. Take up any slack in the towel around its neck, so that its front legs are pinned against its body and contained within the towel. If you have an assistant, have him or her put their hands on the outside of the towel, over the cat's shoulders, to steady the animal. Form an inverted "C" shape with the forefinger and thumb of your left hand. Place this upside-down C over the cat's head. Your fingertip and thumb should be resting on either side of the corner of its mouth, with your palm resting on the cat's forehead. Gently press inwards with the fingertip and thumb, pressing the cat's upper lips over its upper cheek teeth (the molars).  If you are left-handed, use your right hand to open the cat's mouth so your left hand is free to administer the medication. This approach forces the cat to open its mouth slightly in order to avoid biting its own lip, while also minimizing the likelihood that you will be bitten. Once the cat has opened its mouth a little, angle its head upwards towards the...

Summary in Russian:

Правильно расположите кошку. Обездвижьте кошку. Раскройте кошке пасть. Поднимите голову кошки кверху.


Article in English: Gently hang an open book over a railing or on a clothesline outside for a few hours to a day. This should cause the smell to decrease. Make sure that you choose a shaded spot since sunlight can bleach the pages. Place the smelly book in a resealable plastic container and cover it with new, fresh potpourri for a day or so. The smoke smell should be replaced by the smell of the potpourri.  You may need to replace the potpourri after a day and continue sealing the book up with fresh potpourri for several days after that. Get rid of the potpourri when done. Shove four to five dryer sheets in between the pages at even intervals and seal in a plastic bag. Let sit for a few days before removing. Both scented and non-scented sheets should effectively absorb the smell. Place the book or paper product in a resealable plastic bag or container and cover with a handful of cedar chips or roughly 1 qt (1 L) of charcoal. Use activated charcoal, not charcoal briquettes.  This should neutralize and mask the smoke smell after a few days.  Cedar chips and activated charcoal can be purchased at pet stores, aquarium shops and hardware stores. Cedar chips may leave behind strong odors of their own when finished, but these odors are usually capable of warding away the smoke smell. Activated charcoal absorbs the odors without leaving its own smell.  Put it in a cloth bag or wrap it in cheesecloth to keep the book clean.  It doesn't have to touch the book to absorb those nasty odors. Place the book in a plastic bag or container and sprinkle with a decent dusting of baking soda. After two or three days, gently remove the baking soda using a vacuum cleaner. Baking soda is one of the best tricks you can use to neutralize the odor since it has no smell of its own to mask the smoke smell with.

Summary in Russian:

Дайте книге выветриться. Закройте книгу в пакете с сушеными травами. Положите между страницами листы для сушилки. Используйте кусочки кедра или древесного угля. Попробуйте соду.


Article in English: Gently lift the baby's head back and chin up to open the child's airway. The airway is small, so this won't be a drastic movement. Again, check for breathing during this time, but for no longer than 10 seconds. If you have one, put a face shield on the baby to prevent the exchange of bodily fluids. Pinch the nose shut, tilt the head back, push up the chin, and give two breaths, each lasting about one second. Exhale gently until the chest rises; exhaling too forcefully can cause injury.  Remember to pause in between breaths to let the air out. If you feel that the breaths did not go in (the chest doesn't rise at all) the airway is obstructed, and the child may be choking. See this article for more information on helping an infant that is choking. If there is no pulse, begin CPR on the baby. At the right speed, you should do about five sets of rescue breaths and compressions within approximately two minutes. Once you start CPR, don't stop unless:  You see signs of life (baby moves, coughs, breathes noticeably, or vocalizes). Vomiting is not a sign of life.     Another trained person takes over     A defibrillator is ready to be used     The scene becomes suddenly unsafe    " Keep this useful mnemonic handy to remember the process of delivering CPR.   A is for airway. Open or check that the airway is open.  B is for breathing. Pinch the nose, tilt the head back, and give two rescue breaths.  C is for circulation. Check if the baby has a pulse. If not, perform 30 chest compressions.

Summary in Russian:

Откройте дыхательные пути. Сделайте младенцу два вдувания. После произведения двух вдуваний, проверьте плечевой пульс. Произведите аналогичные серии из двух вдуваний и 30 надавливаний на грудную клетку до тех пор, пока не появится помощь или не увидите признаков жизни. Итак, запомните все этапы сердечно-легочной реанимации:


Article in English: Gently massage in circles around your face for 45 seconds. Leave the scrub on your face for at least 5 minutes.   For a mask, leave the scrub on your face for 10 minutes.  Gently massage it onto your lips to exfoliate dry, cracked lips. Make sure you don’t leave any honey or sugar residue on your face. You may end up leaving a sticky mess if you don’t rinse it off thoroughly. Your face will appear slightly red afterwards, but the redness should fade. Never rub your face with towel as it can damage your skin and cause irritation. Take the towel, and gently pat the moisture off of your face. Use a moisturizer with sunscreen to protect against sun damage. Add lip balm if you exfoliated your lips. If you have sensitive or dry skin, use the sugar and honey scrub to exfoliate the dead skin off your face 1-2 times a week. If you have combination or oily skin, you can use this scrub 2-3 times a week.

Summary in Russian:

Увлажните пальцы и нанесите скраб на лицо и шею. Смойте теплой водой. Насухо промокните лицо чистым полотенцем. Увлажните кожу. Повторяйте этот процесс не менее одного раза в неделю.


Article in English: Gently massaging a clean (sanitized) finger back and forth or in small circles over your tender gums can provide temporary relief. Be careful not to rub too hard because you could disrupt or damage the pericoronal flap and trigger more irritation, swelling and/or bleeding. If you can tolerate it, use a small ice cube to combat inflammation and dull the pain. The ice will feel shockingly cold initially, but the tissue around the erupting wisdom tooth should get numb within five or so minutes. You can use ice three to five times daily or as needed to deal with tenderness.  Make sure to trim your fingernails and sanitize your finger with alcohol wipes in order to prevent transferring bacteria onto your gums. You can make an infected wisdom tooth worse if you don't practice good hygiene. Ask your dentist if he can recommend a desensitizing cream or ointment that you can massage into your inflamed gums. Using cold compresses and sucking on frozen treats (Popsicle, sorbet or ice cream) may also help soothe tender gums. Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) is a good anti-inflammatory that can combat pain and swelling associated with a symptomatic wisdom tooth. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is a good painkiller and a strong antipyretic, which means it can fight a fever, but it doesn't impact inflammation. The maximum daily dosage of ibuprofen and acetaminophen for adults is about 3,000 mg, but always read the directions that come with medications.  Taking too much ibuprofen (or taking it for too long) can irritate and damage the stomach and kidneys, so take the medication with food. Taking too much acetaminophen is toxic and damaging to the liver. Alcohol should never be combined with acetaminophen. Using an antiseptic or antibacterial mouthwash can help treat or prevent infections and pain in the gums and teeth. Mouthwashes with chlorhexidine, for example, can help to both relieve swelling and pain, and keep your mouth free of infection. Ask your dentist or pharmacist for OTC recommendations. Whichever brand you choose, hold it in...

Summary in Russian:

Помассируйте десны пальцем и небольшим кусочком льда. Купите противовоспалительные и обезболивающие препараты, которые отпускаются без рецепта. Пользуйтесь ополаскивателем для полости рта.


Article in English: Gently move your hand under the cat's body, just below its front legs, so you have the support you need when you begin to pick up the cat. The cat may resist this or not like it right away, so you should move along and use that second hand soon afterwards.  It doesn't really matter whether you use your dominant hand to support the cat below its front legs or under its hindquarters; it depends on whatever makes you feel more comfortable. Some people actually tuck the front legs together and place the hand under the two legs instead of below them. Now place that second hand under the cat's back legs, giving plenty of support to its legs and bottom. You can almost think of this as cradling the cat with one of your hands. Once you've gotten your hands in position, you can get ready to pick the cat up. Now that you're holding the cat with both hands, just gently lift the cat up, towards your chest. Try to make contact with the rest of your body as early as you can when you lift it up. This can help the cat feel more secure early in the process. If the cat is too heavy to lift up from the ground, you may be better off picking it up from a table or an elevated platform. Once you've picked up the cat while supporting it with both hands, you can hold it against your chest, so most of its body is touching your body. The back or side of the cat's head can rest against your chest, too.  In general, the cat's posture should be fairly straight instead of having the cat sag against your chest, with its head and neck craned downward. This is uncomfortable for the cat and may cause it to struggle and scratch you. You should always pick up a cat with its head above its body. Never pick up a cat upside down! Of course, some cats like to be held differently, especially if it's your cat and it's more comfortable around you. Some are perfectly fine being cradled like babies while others even like placing their hind legs on your shoulders.

Summary in Russian:

Поместите одну руку под туловище кошки непосредственно за передними лапами, если вы уверены в том, что кошка готова пойти к вам на руки. Поместите вторую руку под задние лапы кошки. Осторожно поднимите кошку. Держите кошку у своей груди.


Article in English: Gently scrub the skin with a loofa, bath sponge, or natural scrub product in order to remove dead skin and achieve an even and dark tan. Don’t rub so hard as to make your skin raw or irritated. For a natural exfoliating scrub, try coarse sea salt, granulated sugar mixed with honey, or coffee grounds mixed with olive oil. Choose a rich lotion and apply it all over your skin, focusing on spots that tend to get dry easier. Also drink plenty of water to keep your skin and entire body hydrated. This will allow your skin to get darker over time because each layer of darkened skin will not get dry and flake off as easily. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen that is 15 SPF or higher, and rub it into your skin evenly and all over your body. Have a friend apply it to your back or other areas that you can’t reach easily yourself. You should apply sunscreen 30 minutes before you go outside.  Water-resistant sunscreen is great for many outdoor activities for which you’ll be getting wet or sweaty. You still need to reapply it regularly. Don’t listen to the common myth that you will tan better or faster without wearing sunscreen! Getting a sunburn from lack of sunscreen actually kills the skin cells that you are trying to darken, prohibiting you from getting a dark tan and increasing your risk of skin cancer. Buy a tanning accelerator lotion or pill to increase your tan. Use sparingly before going out in the sun, and test it for a small amount of time to make sure there are no adverse side effects.

Summary in Russian:

Воспользуйтесь скрабом за день до выхода на пляж. Увлажните кожу лосьоном. Наносите солнцезащитный крем. Попробуйте применять ускоритель загара.


Article in English: Gently take off any clothes or jewelry near the burned skin. Try not to pull clothes over the burned area to keep from irritating your skin further. Turn the faucet on so the stream of water is gentle rather than strong. Rinse the burned area under the cool running water to remove any traces of vinegar and soothe your inflamed skin. Do not rub or scrub your burn as you rinse. Avoid using soap on your burn. Remove your glasses or contact lenses if you've gotten vinegar in your eyes. Blink your eyes under a gentle stream of room-temperature water for 20 minutes. If your child has gotten vinegar in their eyes, gently pour the water over the bridge of their nose and encourage blinking. Then, flush their eyes with room-temperature water for 20 minutes in a tub, shower or sink. Use only clean, fresh water to cleanse burns. Other liquids may further irritate burned skin rather than soothing it.

Summary in Russian:

Снимите одежду или украшения, на которые попал уксус. Подержите ожог под струей прохладной воды в течение 20 минут. Промывайте глаза на протяжении 20 минут под струей воды комнатной температуры. Не используйте молоко или другие жидкости, чтобы промыть ожог.


Article in English: Gently wash the site with mild soap and water. Then, apply a thin layer of hydrocortisone cream to minimize any reaction you might have. For a more natural treatment, you can mix baking soda and water until it forms a thick paste. Spread this over the sting site. If you don't have hydrocortisone on hand, spread pure honey over the sting site. Place gauze or a small cloth over it and let it sit for up to an hour before rinsing off. Toothpaste is another natural alternative to neutralize the venom of a bee sting. Simply dab a little toothpaste over the sting site, place gauze or a small cloth over it, and let it sit for 20 to 30 minutes. Then, rinse the toothpaste off. This will help relieve some of the pain. Be sure to follow the package instructions regarding dosage. For children, consult with your pediatrician for appropriate dosing of acetaminophen or ibuprofen. This may reduce the severity of a reaction. You can take something like Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or apply calamine lotion to reduce itchiness.

Summary in Russian:

Нанесите крем с гидрокортизоном. Нанесите мед. Нанесите зубную пасту. Примите парацетамол или ибупрофен. Примите антигистаминное средство.


Article in English: Genuine Bulova watches manufactured between 1924 and 2009 should all have an imprinted date code marked somewhere on the watch. Once you locate and identify the date code, you should know the year during which that watch was manufactured.  Bulova watches made between 1924 and 1949 are marked with a date code symbol. These symbols are typically located on the inside movement of the watch, so you or a professional jeweler will need to open the watch to locate the code. Bulova watches made between 1950 and 2009 are marked with a two-digit alpha-numeric date code. This code is typically found on the outside backcase of the watch, just below the serial number. Opening the watch should not be necessary. Note that these codes only specify the manufacture date of the watch. It is possible that the watch did not go into circulation until a later date, but there is no way of identifying the exact year a specific watch went on the market. Also note that many Bulova watches also have a serial number listed on the backcase, but this number cannot be used to date the watch and only served as a method of identification. If there is no alpha-numeric code on the backcase of the watch, it probably dates back further than 1950. You will need to check the inside movement of the watch for a pictorial date symbol to identify the manufacture date.  Note that some dates share symbols with other years. When in doubt, you should cross-check the date symbol with the watch style to determine which era the watch likely fell into. The date symbols are as follows:  1924: asterisk (same as 1941) 1925: circle (same as 1934, 1944) 1926: triangle (same as 1935, 1945) 1927: square (same as 1936, 1946) 1928: crescent moon (same as 1938) 1929: rounded shield (same as 1939) 1930: horned circle (same as 1940) 1931: rectangular shield 1932: rounded capital T (same as 1942) 1933: capital X (same as 1943) 1934: circle (same as 1925, 1944) 1935: triangle (same as 1926, 1945) 1936: square (same as 1927, 1946) 1937: right-pointing arrow 1938: crescent...

Summary in Russian:

Найдите код даты. Для часов, произведенных до 1950, найдите дату, соответствующую символу. Переведите код для часов, изготовленных после 1950.


Article in English: Genuine innovation requires that you, like Leonardo Da Vinci, question the accepted answers to complicated questions and actively form your own opinions and observations about the world you inhabit. Leonardo trusted his senses and intuition over the "wisdom" of others, both contemporary and historical, relying upon himself and his own experience of the world to inform his worldview.  For Leonardo, curiosity meant both looking forward and looking back, looking beyond the accepted wisdom of the Christian Bible to interact with the ancients, studying Greek and Roman texts and philosophical modes of thought, the scientific method, and art.  Exercise: Examine an angle of a particular issue, concept, or topic you feel strongly about, from the opposite point of view of your own. Even if you're confident you "understand" what makes a painting great, or how a string quartet is put together, or you know everything there is to know about the state of the polar ice caps, make it your business to seek out dissenting opinions and alternative ideas. Make an argument for the opposite of what you believe. Play devil's advocate. A creative thinker won't hide in the comfortable blanket of safe opinions, but will mercilessly seek truth, even at the risk of being completely and totally wrong. Let your curiosity and enthusiasm for topics rule your mind, not the fear of being wrong. Embrace mistakes as opportunities and think and act in such a way as to risk making them. Greatness risks failure.  Leonardo Da Vinci enthusiastically studied physiognomy, a bogus science that purported to link facial features and character. Now thoroughly debunked, it was a trendy concept in Leonardo's day, and might've contributed significantly to his innovative interest in our understanding of detailed anatomy. Though we might think of this as "wrong" it's perhaps better to think of it as a kind of swampy stepping stone to a greater truth.  Exercise: Find a dated, debunked, or controversial idea and learn everything you can about it. Consider what it...

Summary in Russian:

Задавайте вопросы, становясь мудрее и авторитетнее. Рискуйте, совершая ошибки. Бесстрашно гонитесь за знаниями. Ищите в вещах взаимосвязи. Делайте собственные умозаключения.


Article in English: Genuine silver jewelry or silverware will be stamped with the number 800 or 925 or a promise that the silver is sterling (e.g., "Ster," "Sterling" or "Stg"). If you cannot find an identifying mark on your silver, here are three tests you can perform if you're trying to tell real silver from fake silver.    Real silver rings. Either flick a silver coin into the air or tap it with another coin to produce a sound. The sound you should hear with silver is a ringing sound, high-pitched and bell-like. If you flip a 1932-1964 quarter (90% silver) and a post-1964 quarter (90% copper), you should hear the difference immediately.  Real silver melts ice. Place an ice cube on a block of silver or a silver coin and watch the ice cube melt faster than it would if it were merely left out at room temperature. Silver melts ice quickly because it has very high thermal conductivity. In other words, ice "sucks" the heat out of silver.  Real silver isn't magnetic. Get a rare-earth neodymium magnet. Tilt a silver bar at a 45° downward slope, and let the neodymium magnet slide down the bar. On real silver the magnet will make a slow descent down the bar. On non-silver materials, it will either stick to the top of the bar or slide down very quickly. Many people have broken or damaged silver jewelry that they’d be happy to sell at a reasonable price. Some may even give you things for free. Use Craigslist, your local newspaper, or even your local radio station to make it known that you’re interesting in buying scrap silver. Ask around in the community before taking the first deal you see. (Online testimonials should be viewed with skepticism.) If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is. Using the US Mint's list of recommended dealers is a good starting point. Look at online auctions, garage sales, flea markets, thrift shops, and consignment stores. Online auctions will generally have higher prices, but the trustworthy ones will also have ways for you to verify that what you’re purchasing is actually silver. You can sometimes...

Summary in Russian:

Научитесь определять настоящее серебро. Спросите друзей или родственников. Разместите объявления. Найдите авторитетных дилеров. Найдите собственные источники. Познакомьтесь с владельцами ломбардов. Поищите серебро в неожиданных местах. Отсортируйте ваше серебро.


Article in English: Geometry is founded upon the basis of five postulates put together by the ancient mathematician, Euclid. Knowing and understanding these five statements will help you understand many of the concepts in geometry.  1: A straight line segment can be drawn joining any two points. 2: Any straight line segment can be continued in either direction indefinitely in a straight line. 3. A circle can be drawn around any line segment with one end of the line segment serving as the center point and the length of the line segment serving as the radius of the circle. 4. All right angles are congruent (equal). 5. Given a single line and a single point, only one line can be drawn directly through the point that will be parallel to the first line. When you first start learning geometry, the various symbols can seem overwhelming. Learning what each of them means and being able to immediately recognize them will make things easier. Here are some of the most common geometry symbols you will come across:  A small triangle refers to the properties of a triangle. A small angle shape refers to the properties of an angle. Letters with a line over them refer to the properties of a line segment. Letters with a line over them with arrows at each end refer to the properties of a line. One horizontal line with a vertical line in the middle means that two lines are perpendicular to each other. Two vertical lines mean two lines are parallel to each other. An equal sign with a squiggly line on top means that two shapes are congruent. A squiggly line means that two shapes are similar. Three dots forming a triangle means “therefore”. A line is straight and extends infinitely in both directions. Lines are drawn with an arrow at the end to indicate that they continue on. A line segment has a beginning and an end point. Another form of a line is called a ray: it only extends infinitely in one direction. Lines can be parallel, perpendicular, or intersecting.  When two lines are parallel they never intersect with each other. Perpendicular lines are...

Summary in Russian:

Запомните пять аксиом евклидовой геометрии. Изучите используемые в геометрии символы. Изучите свойства прямых линий. Узнайте о разных видах углов. Изучите теорему Пифагора. Научитесь распознавать типы треугольников. Узнайте о разнице между подобными и конгруэнтными фигурами. Изучите понятия дополнительных и смежных углов. Запомните формулы для синуса, косинуса и тангенса в прямоугольном треугольнике.


Article in English: Geraniums are considered relatively drought resistant, but that doesn’t mean you should never water them. To tell if your plants need to be watered, check the soil. Use your fingernail to scratch just below the surface of the soil--if it is dry or barely moist, you should water your flowers. It is important to let the soil dry out between waterings. For geraniums in pots, make sure that you give them enough water. Water the plants until the water runs out the bottom (hence why you need holes in the bottom of your pot.) Each spring, you should add a new layer of compost around your geraniums. Place 2 inches (5.1 cm) of mulch on top of this layer of composted soil. The mulch will help to keep the soil moist, and will also reduce the number of weeds brave enough to grow around your geraniums. After the flower has bloomed, remove the dead flowers and parts of the plant so that it can regrow healthy and strong. Remove leaves and stalks that have died (they will be brown in color) so that your plant does not grow any fungus (which appears on dead parts of plants.) Once your plants have grown large (and most likely extended their boundaries a good deal,) you should separate the plants. Divide the plants in late spring. To do this, lift the plants (and their roots) out of the ground, separate the plants by the clumps they have grown around their stems, and replant them. Follow the directions on the fertilizer to know how much to use. Try to keep from getting fertilizer on the plant leaves. Repeat the application once every two weeks during active growing seasons.

Summary in Russian:

Поливайте цветы. Не забывайте удобрять землю. Поддерживайте здоровье своих растений, удаляя мертвые цветы. Разъединяйте растения через каждые три-четыре года. Удобряйте растения жидким удобрением по формуле 20-20-20 или 15-30-15.


Article in English: Gerbils are very social creatures and like to live with other gerbils.  When first buying your gerbil you should consider getting more than one.  This will keep your gerbil much happier. However, if you already have a gerbil(s) and introduce a new one, it is likely that they will fight.  Studies have shown that lone gerbils live a shorter period of time. Consult a vet before getting another gerbil to see if it is a good idea for the health and well-being of your pet. If you decide to get another gerbil, you may need to use a split cage to introduce the new gerbil to the old one before putting them into the same cage. Do not get a male and female gerbil or they will breed. While the baby gerbils may be cute at first, gerbils breed quickly and it is easy for a pet gerbil population to get out of control. Most people would find it difficult to provide adequate housing, food, and care for dozens of gerbils. Line the cage or tank with plenty of bedding such as timothy hay or aspen shavings. Place the cage or tank out of direct sunlight and away from drafts. You don’t want your gerbils to get too hot or too cold.  Do not use pine or cedar shavings because the fume may be harmful to your gerbils. Make sure that you provide enough bedding for your gerbil to dig and burrow, since gerbils are natural diggers. For example, your gerbil will enjoy an exercise wheel. Gerbils need lots of exercise to be happy, and an exercise wheel is a great way to provide them with that. Make sure that the wheel does not have any openings that may cause your gerbil’s tail to get caught.  Give your gerbil a nice enclosed place to sleep. Gerbils like to hide and sleep in tight, dark spaces, so place a small flower pot or a box in your gerbil’s cage. Add pvc tubes to your gerbil’s cage for tunneling and playing. Place a rock in your gerbil’s cage for perching and inspecting. Just make sure that the toys are not made from soft plastic because your gerbil will chew these items to shreds. Look for toys that your gerbil will not be able to...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте о приобретении сразу двух песчанок одного пола, а не всего одной. Содержите песчанок в металлической клетке или аквариуме объемом около 40 литров с крышкой из металлической решетки. Обеспечьте песчанок теми аксессуарами, которые сделают их счастливыми. Предоставьте песчанкам игрушки.


Article in English: German Shepherds are not necessarily any different than other dogs when it comes to training. If your dog does not know simple commands, such as sit and heel, then start with those. It is important to begin training by building trust between you and your dog. Keep training sessions happy and short and give the dog a break in between lessons for play and a drink. Food is a powerful motivator for most dogs. Other dogs, particularly those with a high prey drive, respond well to toys as a reward. Either way, praise, in addition to a reward that is valuable to your dog, is used to communicate to your dog that they have performed well.  The timing of the reward is extremely important. Your praise and reward will need to come within two to three seconds of the behavior you are reinforcing. If the dog does something else in between the desired behavior and the reward, you are rewarding the last thing that the dog performed. For instance, if you want to teach the “sit” command, the praise and treat should be delivered when the dog is sitting with all feet on the ground. If you deliver the praise/treat with one paw up or as the dog starts getting up, you have just rewarded the dog for that most recent behavior.  Treats should be small and tasty. Consider three types: Low, medium and high value treats. Keep these in your arsenal to help your dog learn commands. When they first learn a new command, you may need medium or high value to treats to start them off and treat for every success. As they understand the command more, start adding in lower value treats intermittently. You can always go back to high value treats at any time you want to let the dog know they did something exceptionally great and you want them to remember that so you get that behavior again and again. Gradually, you will phase out any treat and do more praise reward as the dog gets more consistent. You don’t want to create a dog that will only work for food and ignore you the rest of the time. That could become a dangerous situation. Clicker training...

Summary in Russian:

Начните с обучения собаки основам. В качестве мотиваторов используйте еду, похвалу и игрушки. Подумайте о варианте дрессировки по щелчкам. Сеансы дрессировки без перерыва не должны превышать 20 минут.


Article in English: German is the most widely spoken language in the European Union. In fact, modern English is descended from the West Germanic language. Today, more than 100 million native speakers of German exist, in countries ranging from Germany and Switzerland to Namibia.   "Auf Wiedersehen"  Meaning: "Goodbye" Pronunciation: owf-VEE-der-zayn    "Bis dann"  Meaning: "Until then" Pronunciation: BISS-dun    "Bis bald"  Meaning: "Until soon" Pronunciation: BISS-balt    "Bis später"  Meaning: "Until later" Pronunciation: bis-SHPAY-ta    "Tschüss"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: CHÜSS    "Tschau"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: CHOW    "Ade"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: ah-DAY Dutch is spoken as the native language in the Netherlands, and by majority populations in Belgium and Suriname. It is spoken as a first language by over 20 million people worldwide, and has a recognizable connection to both Afrikaans and English.   "Tot ziens"  Meaning: "Goodbye" Pronunciation: tut-ZEENS    "Dag"  Meaning: "Goodbye" Pronunciation: DACH    "Doei"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: DOO-EY A descendant of Old Norse, Swedish is spoken in Sweden and in parts of Finland. Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish are mutually intelligible, meaning that speakers of one can understand speakers of another, even if they don't understand the language. There are roughly 10 million native Swedish speakers worldwide.   "Hejdå"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: HEY-doh    "Adjö" (adieu)  Meaning: "Goodbye" Pronunciation: ah-YEU    "Adjöss"  Meaning: "So long" Pronunciation: ah-YEUSS    "Vi ses"  Meaning: "See you" Pronunciation: vee-SAISS    "Ha det så bra"  Meaning: "Take care" Pronunciation: HA-de-se-BRA Danish is spoken in the homeland of Denmark, as well as in parts of northern Germany and in parts of Greenland. Danish is spoken by roughly six million people.   "Farvel"  Meaning: "Goodbye" Pronunciation: fa-VEL    "Vi ses"  Meaning: "See you" Pronunciation: VEE-saiss    "Hej hej"  Meaning: "Bye" Pronunciation: hey-hey Native language to nearly five million people,...

Summary in Russian:

Скажите "до свидания" на немецком языке. Скажите "до свидания" на голландском языке. Скажите "до свидания" на шведском языке. Скажите "до свидания" на датском языке. Скажите "до свидания" на норвежском языке. Скажите "до свидания" на языке африкаанс.


Article in English: Gestational diabetes is only diagnosed in pregnant women. During pregnancy, a woman's body increases the production of certain hormones and nutrients that can cause resistance to insulin. This causes the pancreas to increase its insulin production. Most of the time, the pancreas is able to deal with making more insulin and the mother will have slightly elevated blood sugar levels, but it will remain manageable. If the body starts building up too much insulin, then the mother will be diagnosed with gestational diabetes.  If you are pregnant, you should get tested between week 24 and 28 to see if you have it. There are no symptoms, which makes it hard to diagnose otherwise. If it goes undiagnosed, it can cause problems with the pregnancy. This type of diabetes goes away after the baby is born. It can redevelop at Type 2 later in life. Gestational diabetes does not have any obvious signs or symptoms, but the mother is at risk if she lived with diabetes before the pregnancy. If you feel like you may be at risk, you can get screened before you get pregnant to see if you might have any early indicators such as prediabetes. The only way to know for sure, however, is to be screen during your pregnancy. This test requires the patient to drink a syrupy glucose solution. Then the patient has to wait for an hour. Once the hour is up, the blood is tested for blood sugar levels. If the levels are below 130-140 mg/dl, then the patient's levels are normal. If it is higher than this, you are at risk for gestational diabetes but don't necessarily have it. You will need a follow-up test called the glucose tolerance test. This test requires you to fast overnight. First thing the next morning, blood sugar levels are tested through a blood test. Then the patient drinks another syrupy glucose solution. This drink has a higher level of glucose. The blood sugar levels are checked once an hour for three hours. If your last two readings are higher than 130-140 mg/dl, then the patient is diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Summary in Russian:

Разберитесь в особенностях гестационного диабета. Обратите внимание на симптомы. Пройдите первичный глюкозотолерантный тест. Пройдите глюкозотолератный тест.


Article in English: Gestational diabetes occurs in women who are pregnant. If you're at higher risk, you may be tested during your first prenatal visit and then again in the second trimester. Women at low risk will be tested in the second trimester, between weeks 24 and 28. Women who experience gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes within ten years after the birth of their child. Risk factors include:  Pregnancy over the age of 25 Family or personal health history of diabetes or pre-diabetes Being overweight at the time of pregnancy (a BMI of 30 or more) Women who are black, Hispanic, Native American, Asian, or Pacific Islander Third pregnancy or greater  Excessive intrauterine growth during pregnancy Pre-diabetes is a metabolic condition in which blood glucose (sugar) is higher than the normal range (70-99). Still, it's lower than recommended for treatment with medication to control blood glucose. The risk factors for pre-diabetes include:  Age 45 or older Being overweight Family history of type 2 diabetes Sedentary lifestyle High blood pressure A previous experience of gestational diabetes Having delivered a baby who was 9 pounds or greater This is sometimes referred to a “full-blown” diabetes. In this condition, the body's cells have become resistant to the influence of leptin and insulin. This increases your blood sugar levels and causes the symptoms and long-term side effects of the disease. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes are similar to those for pre-diabetes, and include:  Over 45 years of age Overweight Physical inactivity High blood pressure History of gestational diabetes Delivered a baby over 9 pounds Family history of diabetes Chronic stress  You are black, Hispanic, Native American, Asian, or Pacific Islander Experts believe this condition is caused by a mix of genetic predisposition and environmental factors.  White people have a higher incidence of type 1 diabetes Cold weather and viruses may trigger the development of type 1 diabetes in susceptible people. Living in a cold region,...

Summary in Russian:

Оцените риск развития гестационного диабета. Обратите внимание на факторы риска развития предиабета. Оцените риск развития диабета 2 типа. Обратите внимание на факторы риска диабета 1 типа.


Article in English: Get 2 to 3 overripe bananas that are starting to turn brown. Peel them, cut them into bite-sized pieces, then freeze them in a plastic freezer bag or container. The size of the banana pieces does not matter. This is simply to make it easier on your blender or food processor. Once the bananas have frozen, transfer them into a blender or food processor. Add 2 to 4 tablespoons (30 to 60 milliliters) of your choice of milk and a pinch of salt.  The more milk to add, the smoother the ice cream will be. Whole milk is a great choice, but you can also use non-dairy milk, such as almond or coconut. This recipe is only a base, and it will yield somewhat-banana-flavored ice cream. It is still very delicious, but you can give it more flavor with some tasty extras. For example:  For chocolate ice cream, add ¼ teaspoon of vanilla extract and 3 tablespoons (22.5 grams) of cocoa powder.  For peanut butter ice cream, add 2 to 3 tablespoons (30 to 45 grams) of peanut butter.   For cookies'n cream, add 2 tablespoons (30 grams) of coconut butter. Crush up some chocolate sandwich cookies and have them ready for later. Keep blending until the mixture takes on the texture of soft-serve ice cream. From time-to-time, you may want to open up the blender or food processor, and push down any unmixed ice cream towards the bottom with a rubber spatula. If you are making cookies'n cream ice cream, fold in the crushed chocolate sandwich cookies after you blend everything together. Transfer the mixture into a freezer-safe container, such as a Tupperware container or an ice cream container. Place it into the freezer, and leave it there for 30 minutes, or until it becomes scoop-able.

Summary in Russian:

Заранее очистите, нарежьте и заморозьте бананы. Поместите ингредиенты в чашу блендера или кухонного комбайна. Добавьте дополнительные ингредиенты по своему вкусу. Смешайте ингредиенты. Замораживайте смесь в течение 30 минут.


Article in English: Get a 4-inch (10-cm) planting pot with drainage holes in the bottom or find a good spot in your yard to plant the seed. If planting directly into the ground, then dig a small hole and place the seed in the ground. If planting in a pot, fill the bottom with a thin layer of pebbles to increase drainage, and fill the pot the rest of the way with potting soil. Make a half-inch (1.3 cm) hole in the center of the soil with your finger. Place the seed into the hole and cover it with soil. After transplanting the seed to a pot, continue providing it with lots of direct sunlight every day. Newly sprouted seedlings will benefit from a mild fertilizer, such as compost tea. Add enough of the compost tea to moisten the soil. Repeat every two weeks. Water the soil thoroughly once a week, or if the soil starts to become dry.  If the soil dries out too often, the orange tree will not survive.  As the seedling develops into a tree, it will start getting bigger and grow leaves.

Summary in Russian:

Посадите семена в подготовленный горшок или открытый грунт. Удобряйте и поливайте семена по мере их прорастания.


Article in English: Get a 5 gallon (18.9 L) cylindrical bucket and cut a hole for a 3/4 PVC pipe at the bottom. Turn the bucket upside down and fit a piece of 24" PVC pipe through the hole, leaving about 6" of space at the bottom. Use silicon or caulk to seal any gaps. Place this structure on a large piece of spare plywood, and then center a 12" wide piece of concrete forming tube around the bucket. This is your form for the base and will be filled with quick-set concrete. Fill it until the bucket has at least 2" of material covering it and then give it a shake to remove bubbles. Let it set according to the manufacturer's instructions. Get a glass light fixture globe, spray the inside with cooking spray and then fill it to the top lip with concrete. Tape off the end of a PVC tube and shove the taped end down through the center of the ball so that it sits snugly against the glass. Tape it in place until the concrete sets. Break both pieces out of their forms and use a flexible saw to cut off the extra PVC pipe. Dig a shallow hole big enough to get a plastic garden basin in. Fill it part way with river stones set a 100–155 gallon (586.7 L)-per-hour pump into the rocks and then cover the pump with a layer of rocks. Run 1/2" vinyl tubing from the pump and, with the base tipped on it's side, up through the PVC pipe. Tip the base into place and then insert the tubing through the ball. Cut off the excess tubing that protrudes from the ball and then remove the ball in order to trim the tube so that it will fit just below the lip of the ball. Return the ball to it's location and this time secure it in place with some adhesive silicon. Pour water into your basin and then start the pump. Ta-da! Your garden fountain is done!

Summary in Russian:

Сделайте основу. Сделайте шар. Сломайте формы. Сделайте резервуар. Вставьте трубы. Подстригите трубку и закрепите шар. Добавьте воды и включите насос.


Article in English: Get a LEGO table or one of those green LEGO platforms. This will be the floor of your house, as well as the yard, if you save room for one. If you build your house in two parts, on two different platforms, you can open it up to see what's inside by pulling the platforms apart.

Summary in Russian:

Найти основу.


Article in English: Get a Styrofoam ball from a craft store. Cut it in half with an adult's help. Now you can see the inside of the Earth, so you can show its layers. Take the half of the ball you're not using. Cut out a section from the middle, in a semicircular shape. Glue this to the center of the half-Earth, so there's a bump coming out of it. This is the inner core, a solid ball formed from the pressure of the layers around it. Color this red with paint or markers. Draw a large circle around the inner core, on the flat half of the globe. This should take up about ⅓ to ½ the space on that surface. Color it orange and call it the outer core. Color the rest of the flat surface yellow, leaving only a tiny sliver of uncolored land at the edge. Label this the mantle. The mantle is actually made up the upper mantle (solid rock) and the lower mantle (liquid rock). Divide it into two different shades of orange if you like. The crust is the surface layer of the Earth, and it is very thin compared to the other layers. Color this brown or black. On your model, it will look like a thin line around the entire cut surface. Together, the upper mantle and the crust make up the lithosphere.

Summary in Russian:

Разрежьте пенопластовый шар пополам. Приклейте к центру Земли полусферу из пенопласта. Нарисуйте внешнее ядро. Нарисуйте мантию. Отметьте кору.


Article in English: Get a binder and notebook for each subject.  When everything is made easier, it's less of a task to get your study game face on. Get rid of old papers or assignments unless you think you'll refer back to them. Have your syllabus tucked away nicely but still easily referable, and keep a pen in there for good measure! That goes for your desk and locker, too, no clutter -- really any area you use for studying and being academic. If it's intimidating to even dig through, you definitely won't be sitting down to study. You'll be spending all your time looking for some things! The more accurate statement would be "make smart, focused friends 'and make them to your advantage'." Plenty of your friends are smart, but when's the last time you sat down with them and combined mental powers?   Spend your free time with them -- just watching each other study. Pick up on their better habits. If you have a class together, make time once a week or so to talk about the content -- not about your teacher's phlegm problem or that cute guy who sits in front of you. Sit with them in class, if you weren't already! When your friends' hands shoot up to answer questions, you'll be less inclined to snooze away. Along with that 4.0 group you travel with, find someone who's taken the class already. Lots of teachers recycle tests -- if the person has kept their old ones, double score. It's not cheating at all -- it's being logical. They can also tell you what the teacher is like and what you could expect. If you go in knowing their tendencies (and maybe even how to butter them up cough-cough) and how they operate, you'll have that much of a leg up even before the first class. This idea has probably been drilled into you since kindergarten. In order to squeeze the most out of your day -- to study, play basketball, practice the violin, eat right, stay hydrated and sleep (yes, those last three are important) -- you've gotta rock the time management skills. But...how?  The most basic thing you can do is to create and follow a schedule. Make...

Summary in Russian:

Станьте организованным. Подружитесь с умными людьми. Подружитесь с людьми, которые уже прошли материал этого курса. Используйте время с умом Найдите новое место для занятий. Питайтесь правильно Отдыхайте достаточно Не сходите с ума. Продолжайте мотивировать себя.


Article in English: Get a butcher to grind chuck beef for you with a 20% fat content. If you use more fat, it will just drip off the meat and cause fire flare-ups; less and the burgers will be dry. If possible, buy the meat the day you’re going to cook it. Ask the butcher to grind the meat twice, once in the coarse plate of the grinder and then through the fine plate.

Summary in Russian:

Начните с хорошего мяса.