Article in English: There are many different types of bikes to choose. It’s important to pick the one that will best serve your needs. Consider your travelling distance, the terrain, and the grade you’ll be riding when you choose your model.  Visit a bike show and talk to the employees. Check out what they have to offer. Take the models you like out for a test spin around the block. Consider how you’ll be using the bike. If you’re using the bike to go back and forth to work, to the grocery store, and to run other errands on pavement, consider a road bike, which is quick, efficient, and light. Determine if a mountain bike is a sound investment. They are durable and can jump easily from pavement to mud and sand. They are built to take a thrashing. They’re just not that great for endurance rides.  Consider the weight of the bike. It might not seem very heavy going for a spin around the block. It will be much heavier as you pedal it through miles on your way home from work. Buying a lighter frame will make the ride home much more manageable. Keep your budget in mind. Classifieds and online sources are a great place to begin. Also,  ask a friend if they have a bike they’d be willing to sell.  Get a bike multi-tool, tire patches, a spare tire, lube, and a flashlight. Keep them in your riding bag in case of emergency.  Buy a bike lock and use it. Talk to someone at a bike store to find out what will work best for you. Always use multiple locking mechanisms. Although not foolproof, a kryptonite U-lock with a four foot long cable is a good way to prevent bike thieves. Get bad weather gear. You’ve gotten rid of your car, so you’ll be exposed to the elements on your rides home. Being prepared means a smooth ride. Buying a waterproof bag to keep your equipment in will help you out. Check for used ones online for the best deal. Bikes, like cars, need proper maintenance. A small amount of care can make all the difference in your ride.  Learn how to take care of your bike. Your bike is a series of moving parts. Learn each of these moving parts...

Summary in Russian:

Выберите велосипед. Купите велосипед. Не забывайте ухаживать за велосипедом. Позаботьтесь о защите. Найдите безопасное место для парковки велосипеда.


Article in English: There are many different types of eye drops, each one recommended for different circumstances. For example, if you have red eyes and wear contact lenses, a blood vessel constricting drop may not work. It wouldn't be able to get through the lens to treat your redness.  Most eye drops work by constricting the blood vessels in the eyes. By making the blood vessels smaller, they reduce eye redness. Be careful of using these too much because your eyes may get dependent on them. Eventually if you don't use them, you'll get rebound redness which makes your eyes red just because it is craving the constricting agents.  Preservative free eye drops tend to be the most natural for you eyes. They come in single vial uses which makes them very hygienic. The best way to choose the right drops is to talk to you a specialist about the cause of your redness. Let him or her diagnose you and choose the best treatment method.  If your redness is due to allergies, look for eye drops with antihistamines. Antihistamines can also cause eye dryness/redness, so you can couple these drops with artificial tears. If you have an infection, see your doctor for prescription eye drops that have antibiotics. Be careful with "bacteria-fighting" eye drops. Many people have an allergic reaction to the preservatives in them. You might make your eyes even worse! Cold water will decrease the swelling that causes bloodshot eyes, and will also soothe on your irritated eyes. You can just splash some cold water onto your face. The most common cause of red eyes is allergies. The body releases histamines that dry the eyes, causing blood vessels to swell. Cold water reduces blood flow to the eyes and treats some of this inflammation. Using ice is another common and effective way to soothe bloodshot eyes. Ice and freeze packs work the same way cold compresses do, by relieving swelling and reducing the amount of blood flow to the eyes.  If you don't have a freeze-pack, place some ice cubes in a clean washcloth. Hold it over your eyes for 4 to 5 minutes. When...

Summary in Russian:

Подберите для себя глазные капли. Проконсультируйтесь с офтальмологом. Делайте холодные компрессы на глаза. Используйте кусочки льда или пакеты со льдом. Подождите, пока лопнувший капилляр заживет. Если у вас конъюнктивит, скорее отправляйтесь к врачу.


Article in English: There are many different types of eyeliner that come in a pencil form, each of which has a different consistency and texture, application, and effect.  Powder-based pencils, sometimes called kohl, offer less intense color. They're also a good option if you want to smudge the eyeliner for a “smoky eye” effect. You can make the color appear more dramatic by wetting the tip before you apply the eyeliner. Gel- or cream-based pencils offer simple and excellent application. These pencils apply a rich and intense color. They're a good choice if you want to apply a winged, or cat eye, look. You can also purchase gel or cream eyeliners that come in a pot and can be applied with a tapered brush applicator. Liquid eyeliner pencils offer the most dramatic and intense application. Many liquid liners come in pen form (though it more closely resembles a felt marker), making application fairly simple. However, mistakes are very visible and difficult to correct because of the deep color, so you must have a steady hand during application. Tips range from very thin to thick depending on how intense you want the look or if you want to apply a cat-eye or winged look. Most companies offer different eyeliner formulas for different needs including sensitive eyes and organic, animal-friendly products. Some even offer formulas that include serums to elongate your lashes.  If your eyes are sensitive because you wear contact lenses, or if you suffer from allergic reactions to certain formulas, certain companies (like Almay) make non-allergenic (also called hypoallergenic) makeup, including eyeliner. If you prefer an eyeliner that is ethically produced, made of organic materials, and is not tested on animals, for example, companies including, Aveda, NARS, Arbonne, The Body Shop, and Josie Maran Cosmetics offer these products. Pencil eyeliners come in a broad range of colors from electric blue and emerald green to traditional colors like black and brown.  A good rule of thumb is to apply shades such as black, dark brown, deep plum, or...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте о том, какой тип карандаша вы будете использовать. Обратите внимание на формулу карандаша. Выберете цвет карандаша для глаз. Купите подходящий вам карандаш.


Article in English: There are many different types of fountain pen nibs, and they are appropriate for different situations and to create different effects. For everyday writing, opt for:  A round nib, which is great for making uniform lines A small nib, which will create thinner lines A firm nib that doesn’t have a lot of flex between the two tines, so the tines won’t spread out under pressure to create a broader stroke Fountain pen nibs are also available in a variety of different metals, and each of these has unique properties. The most common metals for nibs are:  Gold, which has lots of flexibility, so you can control the width of the stroke Steel, which has more spring, meaning you can press harder without separating the tines, so your stroke won’t get broader when you press harder

Summary in Russian:

Выберите подходящее перо для повседневного письма. Изучите характеристики перьев из различных материалов.


Article in English: There are many different types of gardens and uses for a garden, so think about what your ideal type of garden would provide. Some of the different types of gardens include:   Vegetable garden. This may be the most popular and practical type of garden. By growing your own vegetables, you can save money and increase the number of fresh vegetables you eat.  Flower garden. A flower garden adds beauty to your yard and it can be a relaxing escape for you. If you are mainly interested in beautifying your property, then a flower garden may be the best choice. You can plant perennials, annuals, or a mixed garden.  Butterfly or hummingbird garden. You cannot grow butterflies or hummingbirds, but you can plant flowers that will attract them to your yard, like pollen-rich wildflowers, dill, fennel, and milkweed. A butterfly or hummingbird garden can be a great type of garden to plan with kids.  Wildlife garden. A wildlife garden is one that helps to support the animals in your area by providing them with sources of food and shelter. These are typically plants that are native to your area, so you would need to learn what your native species are to plan your garden. If you have lots of space, then you can plant a garden in the ground. If you have limited space or simply do not want to plant in the ground, then you can also plant a garden in containers. You can grow a variety of different plants in pots and keep them on a patio or in a sunny spot of your yard. Some plants even thrive in containers indoors, so using containers may also be ideal if you live in an apartment.  If you live in an area with good soil that is not too rocky or sandy, then growing your garden in-ground is a good option. If growing your garden in-ground is not a viable choice, then consider buying containers to grow your plants in or building above ground beds. Above ground beds are great because they are easier on your back and can be moved around your yard if desired. Make sure the containers or beds are large enough for the plants you want to grow...

Summary in Russian:

Решите, что и как вы хотите выращивать в своем саду. Подумайте, сколько свободного места у вас есть. Определите, как много солнца нужно вашим растениям.


Article in English: There are many different types of piercings you can get on or around your penis. Some of the most common are Prince Alberts, Ampallangs, Frenums, and more.  Look them up and see what you think sounds best. Google Image Search will usually help you sort out the basics. Getting this done at home can lead to all sorts of diseases that can risk your health, as well as the health of your package. If you want to ever use that thing again, go about this very, very carefully. Dong rot is nothing to joke about. This is the only body you've got, so don't ruin it. Also read up on your local laws. In most places, you must be 18 years or older to get piercings without an adult accompanying you. Please be responsible. Piercing sizes generally follow the American Wire Gauge standard in which a larger number represents a smaller size. For example, genital piercings are typically done from a size 16 to about a size 12, though there are always exceptions. A 14 gauge is about 1/16". Make sure to get the correct gauge size for your piercing. Most tattoo/piercing shops won't sell you piercing needles due to liability issues, but you can order them online without too much trouble. Make sure you are getting them from a reputable source and that the packages come entirely sealed, because you can get some very serious diseases from unhygienic needles. As we said: dong rot is not something to joke around with. Make sure it is the right size and shape for your new piercing. Barbells or rings for a Frenum ladder, a curved barbell for a Prince Albert, etc. Keep in mind the length of jewelry that you will need. Having jewelry that is too small can cause significant problems while healing, so if you're not sure, get something a little bigger just in case, that way you have some extra room if it swells (and it will most likely swell). Depending on the piercing, it might be useful to buy a pair of clamps as well. Sometimes it can be very difficult to hold the head how you want it, especially in places like the scrotum or the shaft of the...

Summary in Russian:

Исследуйте немного данный вопрос. Прочитайте о кровеносных патогенных микроорганизмах и потенциальных рисках самостоятельного прокола. Определитесь, какой размер или толщину вы бы хотели сделать. Закажите иглы для прокалывания из хирургической стали. Приобретите украшения из титана или хирургической стали. Закажите дополнительные инструменты. Подготовьте перчатки и другие средства санитарии.


Article in English: There are many different types of wraps, and it's important to choose one the one that will work best for the size of your hands and the type of boxing you intend to do. Consider these options when you're picking out a wrap to buy:  Cotton wraps are a good choice for frequent training. They come in adult and junior lengths, and they are secured with velcro at the end. Mexican wraps are similar to cotton wraps but they are woven with elastic fibers, so they mold to the hand more easily. They aren't quite as durable as cotton wraps because the elastic gets worn out over time, but they're a good option for training. Gel wraps aren't actually woven onto the hand, but are slipped on like fingerless gloves. They are more expensive than cotton or Mexican wraps. They are convenient to slip on, but they don't provide as much wrist support as traditional wraps, and for that reason serious boxers don't usually opt for gels. Competition wraps are composed of gauze and tape. Boxing rulebooks specify the exact amount that can be used, to make sure each boxer has the same amount of padding. Since these wraps aren't reusable, they aren't practical for use during everyday training. The wrapping technique for competition wraps is also different and should be done with a partner or coach. If your wrists are bent when you wrap them, they the wrap won't help to stabilize them. Your risk of injury won't be as high if you keep your wrists straight during the process.

Summary in Russian:

Выберите правильные бинты. Наматывайте бинты на вытянутую вперед кисть.


Article in English: There are many different varieties of RPG you might decide to create. Common versions include tabletop, or live action role-playing (LARP). You'll need to decide which of these you plan on making before you go any farther on your RPG making journey.  Tabletop games are mostly, if not entirely, text based. These games may make use of supplemental materials, like maps or pictures, but rely on written text and spoken descriptions to drive the action of the game. Tabletop RPGs often involve a game leader, frequently called a dungeon master or DM, who designs the scenarios players will deal with and impartially mediates the rules.  LARP has players imagine the setting as though it were real life. Players then adopt the persona of a character to complete the tasks involved in the game. A player character's stats gives it a baseline for what it can do and how it will act. Common stats include strength, intelligence, wisdom, charisma, and dexterity. To give you an example of how stats affect characters, a character with high strength but low charisma would likely be powerful in battle but clumsy in diplomatic situations.  In many RPGs, the game begins with players creating a character and using a set number of points to invest in different stats. At the start of a game, you might have each player start with 20 stat points to apply to different stat categories. Some popular RPGs use 10 as the baseline for all stats. A 10 rating represents average human ability in the stat category. So 10 strength would be average human strength, 10 intelligence would yield a character of average intelligence, and so on. Additional stat points are usually given to characters as experience is gained over time, through in-game events, or through battles. Experience is usually given in the form of points, with a certain number of points equaling a "level up," which indicates a stat increase. Make sure your stats match up with your character description. For example, a character that's a ranger class will likely be crafty and move...

Summary in Russian:

Определитесь с типом вашей ролевой игры. Определите главные параметры (статы). Определитесь с механикой использования статов. Придумайте возможные классы персонажей. Продумайте схему развития персонажа. Определитесь со стилем игры. Решите для себя, как будет происходить перемещение персонажей. Не забудьте и про экономический аспект вашей игры! Запишите все основные механики вашей игры на бумагу.


Article in English: There are many different ways to correspond with a penpal, and deciding on the one that’s right for you makes it easier to sort through the number of penpal websites on the Internet. Some people prefer communicating electronically while others like to use penpals as a means of creative communication.  The International Union of Mail-Artists is a website dedicated to those who like sending postal art to their penpals. IUMOA is a much more niche community as it has roughly 4,000 active members. However, it is the perfect medium for those who like to have an artistic element to their penpal correspondences.  Swap-Bot is another website dedicated to creative forms of corresponding. The website focuses on swapping where users exchange postcards, stickers, coins, and a variety of other small crafts. Swapping is ideal for hobbyists and those interested in sending hand-assembled mail.  Global Penfriends is a good example of a website designed to facilitate more traditional penpal relationships. This club has been around since 1995 and has a large database of penpals. Users can search for potential penpal partners from around the world, using a  search engine to find their perfect penpal. You can find penpals interested in exchanging mail art, postcards, packages, and gifts, as well as traditional letter penpals. Some websites don’t allow users to add their postal addresses, preferring more secure electronic communication. If you prefer old-fashioned snail mail and the feel of fresh paper, then it’s best to find a website that facilitates postal communication. Global Pen Friends allows both electronic and postal correspondence, where users can exchange physical addresses after establishing contact. Many websites allow you to search for penpals for free but require premium memberships where users pay a low monthly or annual fee in exchange for communication with their penpal. Other websites allow for free memberships, but that often comes at the cost of excessive advertisements. InterPals is a reliable free penpal...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте, о чем вы хотите переписываться. Подумайте, как бы вам хотелось переписываться: Поищите в интернете платные и бесплатные сайты. Подходящий сайт для знакомства и переписки можно найти через поисковую систему Google. Создайте свой профиль.


Article in English: There are many different ways to do the tutorial and many different philosophies about the best way to go about it. You can hide the tutorial within a story about the player character getting training (aka Fable), or you can simply display instructions (aka Mass Effect). You can even try to hide the tutorial altogether blending it seamlessly into the game or display all of the tutorial all at once. No matter what you do, make sure that it feels natural within your game. The world is the environments in which your player will play the game. How expansive will your world be? How challenging? How will you indicate that an area should be explored? That it shouldn't? These are things you'll need to consider. These are the internal rules of the game. You'll want to decide on a rule system and make sure that it's balanced and consistent. The best way to do this is to look at what other games do right or wrong in this area. The levels are the individual chunks of the game, the "episodes" that the player has to get through to make it to the end of the game. The levels should be engaging and just the right amount of challenging. They should also be physically laid out in a way that makes sense. You'll need to design all the content, like the items that can be interacted with, the characters themselves, the environmental items, etc. This can be extremely time consuming so plan ahead! Try to find clever ways to recycle things without making them seem repetitive. The interface includes things like the menus and UI. You want these to be easy to navigate and natural to use. Take cues from your favorite games but remember that generally the simpler the better. If an 8-year-old can figure it out, you're set. Having controls which feel natural are key to players really enjoying and getting the most out of your game. Remember to keep things simple and streamlined. When in doubt, conform to standardized control systems.

Summary in Russian:

Разработайте обучающую программу. Разработайте мир. Разработайте механику. Разработайте уровни. Разработайте внутреннее содержание. Разработайте интерфейс. Разработайте управление.


Article in English: There are many different ways to give your husband the positive pregnancy test and surprise him. From taking a picture to switching out the test for other items, your husband may not be expecting what he receives.  Take a picture of the test and upload it to your computer. Set it as the background image. Tell your husband that you have not been feeling well all day. When he is somewhat distracted, tell him you are going to take your temperature. Come back and tell him you need help reading the thermometer and place the positive pregnancy test in his hand. Ask your husband to sign a birthday card for a friend. Hand him the positive pregnancy test instead of a pen. Give your husband a special gift to mark the occasion of telling him your news. A personalized present may heighten the surprise and anticipation as you tell him—especially if he’s not expecting it—and may also give you a special memento of the day.  Make a custom t-shirt with cute, short message. You can make the t-shirt for anyone: for your husband, a tee with the word “dad” would work. You could also get a shirt with “bun in the oven” or a shirt for one of your other children, if you have them, that says “big brother” or “big sister.”  You could purchase keepsakes such as a silver cup or silver teething ring. You can write a special message in a card that says “in a few months, we can engrave this with the newest member of our family’s name.” Consider something that your husband loves and incorporate that into a gift. For example, if your husband loves hiking, buy a small pair of hiking boots and backpack and say “for your new hiking partner.” Purchase a small ceramic piggy bank and write “Baby’s College Fund” on it. You could hide the gift in his dresser, closet, or gym bag so that he finds out in the course of day when he likely least expects it. Either cook a special meal or go out to your favorite restaurant. Use this occasion to put a surprise in your husband’s meal or tell him at a key moment you’re together.  You can cook your husband’s...

Summary in Russian:

Покажите мужу тест на беременность с положительным результатом. Сделайте мужу особый подарок. Устройте особый ужин с элементом сюрприза. Отправьте мужу открытку от имени ребенка. Объявите новость через другого члена семьи. Купите значок или плакат, символизирующие рождение ребенка. Разыграйте сцену. Устройте для мужа прятки с вещами. Припаркуйтесь на “парковке для беременных”.


Article in English: There are many different ways to say “girl” in particular, and a few different ways to say woman. Knowing the difference can help you figure out how to pay the compliment and make sure you don't cause offense.  To call a woman a lady, especially an old lady, use la senora. The word for woman is “mujer.” The plural word of women is mujeres. It’s pronounced “moo-HEH-rehs.”  The slang word for a woman is “chica.” There are other words with negative connotation, but it is best not to use them.   There are many, many slang terms for girl in Spanish. A few of them are niña or nena, which is used for babies or young teenagers. Muchacha or chica is used for an older girl, who would be more closely called a young woman. Spanish slang can vary depending on the country. There are many countries where people speak Spanish.  For example, a girl is called “changa” in Bolivia and some parts of Argentina but is called “chava” in Mexico and some central American countries. In Costa Rica, a girl is “cabra.” In Peru and Ecuador, a girl is “chibola.” And Venezuela and Nicaragua, a young girl is a “chama” or a “Chamita.”

Summary in Russian:

Скажите «девушка» или «женщина» по-испански. В испанском языке и его диалектах есть много способов обращения к девушке.


Article in English: There are many different writing exercises one can use to get inspired. If you're feeling really stumped and don't know where to start, try a writing exercise. Having a specific set of instructions can take the pressure off and get those creative juices flowing.  If you feel intimidated, tell yourself that you'll only write for 5 minutes. If nothing comes out, you'll know that you've at least tried. If you find yourself settling into the writing process after 5 minutes, you're likely to come out with at least a few ideas you're happy with. This is a songwriting exercise called “Choose an Object” used at the Berklee College of Music and can be very helpful in generating new ideas.  For this exercise, choose an object at random, then spend 10 minutes or so writing any memories you associate with it. Don't worry about making it sound good or writing complete sentences. Focus on using as many different senses as possible. You'll end up with a list of images and emotions, which you can use as inspiration later on. Bowie has described one of his methods for songwriting and you may want to give it a try to see if it works for you. This exercise can be particularly useful for those times when you just have no idea what you want to write about. Write 1 to 2 paragraphs different subjects to create a sort of short story. Next, cut the sentences into sections of 4 of 5 different blocks, then mix them up and reconnect them.

Summary in Russian:

Экспериментируйте с различными упражнениями. Пишите о предмете или объекте. Попробуйте любимое упражнение Дэвида Боуи.


Article in English: There are many educational apps available for download that can assist you in memorizing where different countries are on a world map. Using these apps will give you the convenient option of studying on the go whenever the opportunity presents itself (e.g. during a bus ride). Download these free apps to try:  Learn World Geography, a free app for the iPhone and iPad that repeats flashcards for optimal memorization  TapQuiz Maps World Edition, a free app for iPhone and iPod that can help you master geography by way of a fun quiz game  World Map Quiz, a free app for Android that slows you to play a world map game in flag or capital mode There are a variety of geography websites available to help you improve your knowledge of world countries in a fun way. Websites offer games, quizzes, and trivia to make memorizing countries on the world map less tedious and more interactive. To learn in a fun way, visit:  Seterra Online, a website offering free map quiz games that use outline map exercises for memorization  Lizard Point, an educational website offering free quizzes and trivia  World Atlas, an interactive website that allows you to explore the world map country by country with detailed visual aids To build strong visual memories of the world map and the countries on it, try decorating a wall in your home with a large wall map. To make a more interactive map, hang a large map on a cork bulletin board so that you can mark countries with push pins while studying. Look for wall maps (as well as a bulletin board and push pins) at an office supply store, or online. To memorize countries, print out copies of a world map to color or use for study. Color coding different continents and countries can help to build visual associations, and be a fun, relaxing activity. Blank maps can be useful for studying and quizzing yourself on the location of countries. Visit https://mapchart.net/ to make a free custom world map with your own color choices and descriptions Working on a jigsaw puzzle exercises several brain functions...

Summary in Russian:

Скачайте интересные географические приложения. Посетите образовательные веб-сайты. Украсьте стены картами мира. Распечатайте контурные карты для раскрашивания и запоминания. Соберите пазл карты мира.


Article in English: There are many establishments, both online and in brick-and-mortar shops, which offer Xbox repairs. They will essentially be performing the steps outlined above. They may also reflow the solder using a heat gun or reflow machine. These repairs can be expensive, but may be more reliable than doing it yourself. Be sure to choose with a trusted establishment. Don’t just send your Xbox to the first website you find online, do some research and make sure they are legitimate. If you are still under warranty, Microsoft will replace or repair your failed console. You may have to pay shipping or additional fees depending on the details of your warranty. If you are out of warranty, you can pay Microsoft a fee to repair the console. The fee is less if you register online through Microsoft’s repair website. Microsoft may repair your console up to three years after you purchased it.

Summary in Russian:

Пусть консоль  отремонтируют профессионалы. Отправьте консоль в корпорацию Microsoft.


Article in English: There are many excellent model castle designs available online and at craft stores. These designs are good for beginners or for those working with unforgiving mediums such as wood. However, if you have a specific design in mind, it may be best to design your own castle. When a drawing is “to scale,” it is drawn with accurate proportions. To create accurate proportions, scale the measurements of your castle down. For example, if your castle will be three feet by two feet (.9 meters by .6 meters), your drawing could be three inches by two inches (7.6 cm by 5.08 cm).  It may be useful to use graph paper to sketch your castle. Include any small details such as turrets or a drawbridge. Your castle will be composed of several large sections with many small sections mounted on top. For example, if you’re building a simple square castle with towers on each corner, your large section would be a square shape and your small sections would be cylinders. Sketch each section separately to help you visualize the building process. Use your sketch as a guide. Create measurements for each separate section of the castle. Visualize building the castle with these different sections to help check your measurements. Make sure you include any accent features. For example:  Turrets Towers Roofs A large base for your castle This step is optional, but it may be useful to create paper templates of any repetitive forms.  For example, if you’re making a foam castle with a lot of towers, create a paper template of a tower. Next, lay the template on each piece of foam to cut out the tower. Each tower will be the same size and shape. This method is also useful when creating paper castles. Instead of drawing and measuring each repetitive section, make a paper template to use.

Summary in Russian:

Решите, будете ли вы создавать свою собственную модель. Выполните чертеж замка в уменьшенном масштабе Выделите большие и мелкие детали замка. Точно распланируйте каждую отдельную деталь. Подумайте о создании шаблонов для изготовления каждой детали.


Article in English: There are many factors that can contribute to a slippery jar lid, including condensation and moisturized hands. Fortunately, these jar lids can be easily unstuck by adding friction. This technique may not work on especially stubborn jars. Drape a dish towel, sheet of plastic wrap, or a rubber glove over the lid. Alternatively, wrap the sides with a thick rubber band. These materials will improve your grip on the lid and help you pry the jar open. If the glass sides of the jar are slick as well, use another dish towel to help grip the jar. Grip the sides of the jar tightly with your non-dominant hand. Twist the lid in a counter-clockwise direction with your dominant hand. The jar should open easily. If not, the airtight seal on the jar will need to be broken with another method. If you can’t open the jar alone, have a friend hold the sides while you twist the lid.

Summary in Russian:

Используйте данный метод для банок со скользкой крышкой. Накройте крышку шероховатым или достаточно липким материалом. Откройте банку.


Article in English: There are many flat-irons to choose from on the market. Sometimes cheaper ones don’t distribute heat evenly, and you end up having to make several passes on the same piece of hair to get it straight. Look for an iron that uses Nano-smart technology or infrared heat to keep the most moisture in your hair while straightening.  Look for a flat-iron that has titanium or ceramic plates. An iron with a digital temperature setting is also a good investment. You can experiment with the lowest temperature setting necessary to straighten your particular hair type. Because afro-textured hair is especially prone to dryness and breaking, it’s a good idea to deep-condition yours once per week for 2-3 weeks before flat-ironing it. Do a weekly deep-conditioning regimen, starting 2-3 weeks before you flat-iron, and a protein treatment 1 week before you flat-iron.  Find a deep-conditioner and protein treatment specifically for afro-textured hair for the best results. Non-afro-textured hair can benefit from weekly deep conditioning as well, especially if you flat-iron your hair often and it begins looking dry. Make sure your hair is completely dry, either from blow-drying or air-drying, before you use a flat iron. Use a heat-protectant spray that is not alcohol-based on each piece of your hair before you straighten it to prevent damage to your hair. Sprays high in keratin protein are the best to use. Some people prefer to use the heat-protectant spray at the same time as leave-in conditioner before they blow-dry. You can do this if you prefer. Different hair textures respond differently to different temperature settings. Many people prefer to use an iron set at 300 °F (149 °C), but your hair may need a hotter or lower setting. If your test piece of hair responds easily to the temperature, you may be able to turn it down a bit. Try to use the lowest heat setting necessary. If your hair doesn’t straighten easily at the test temperature, you’ll need to turn it up. Avoid leaving the straightener on 1 section of hair for longer than...

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите качественный цифровой утюжок. Если ваши волосы имеют структуру афро, начните готовить их к выпрямлению за 2–3 недели. Наносите термозащитный спрей на сухие волосы от корней к кончикам. Сначала проверьте температуру утюжка на небольшом участке волос. Проведите утюжком вниз по небольшой пряди резким движением. Увлажняйте волосы маслом или термозащитным средством в процессе выпрямления. Наносите масло, сыворотку или баттер (твердое масло) на жесткие вьющиеся волосы после выпрямления утюжком. Оборачивайте волосы типа афро шелковым или атласным шарфом на ночь. Следите за чистотой утюжка.


Article in English: There are many free PDF creation programs, including PDFCreator, PDF factory Pro, and PrimoPDF. You can find and download this software online. It's also likely that you already have PDF creation software on your computer, such as Adobe Acrobat (for making PDFs) and Adobe Reader (for reading PDFs). Search your computer for PDF creation software before you download anything.  Use Microsoft Word to write whatever document you'd eventually convert to a PDF. If you've already completed the document you'd like to convert, just open the document. " It's the second option from the top left of the document. " This is the second option from the bottom of the drop-down menu. Alternatively, you can select "Save As". " It's the option on the bottom left of the Print menu. Click on the arrow. Alternatively, you can select "PDF" from the "Format" menu. " This will open a new window that will allow you to save the document.  Select the folder by clicking on the arrows below the file name to open a list of options. " This will convert and save the document as a PDF.

Summary in Russian:

Загрузите программу для создания PDF. Откройте Microsoft Word. Создайте документ. Нажмите «Файл». Нажмите «Печать». Выберите «PDF». Выберите «Сохранить как PDF». Присвойте документу имя. Выберите папку для сохранения документа. Выберите «Сохранить».


Article in English: There are many free and safe options that you can find with a little research like Unlocker, LockHunter, and FileASSASSIN. These applications are often used for deleting malware. You can usually download these directly from their website, following their instructions. If you are using FileASSASSIN, a window will appear that will ask you to select the file you wish to delete. You may either input the file manually by typing it out or go to "Browse" at the bottom of the window. The other applications may vary slightly in layout, but the process will be generally the same. Once you have selected the file you want to delete, click on it and then select "delete" from the options that the application provides you. " In a few moments, the file will be deleted and you can close the program. You may want to check the files original location to determine that the delete was successful.

Summary in Russian:

Скачайте программу для удаления файлов. Дважды щелкните по скачанной программе. Удалите файл. Нажмите «Execute» или «Выполнить».


Article in English: There are many good reasons to disappear, but there are also plenty of reasons that can be solved without drastic measures. Talk to people you trust, such as your friends and family. You could also look for a trained therapist to discuss your options. Also, seek out community resources, such as the police or local community support groups.  For example, if you’re feeling bad, a therapist might be able to assist you. Partially “disappearing,” such as by changing your routine and dressing differently, could also help. If you’re in a tough home situation, call a support line like the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-7233. If you have a child with you, call 1-800-4ACHILD for immediate assistance. People are bound to come looking for you if you’re a minor. Chances are you will have a hard time making money and getting anything else you need to get by. Going on your own is tough, lonely, and even dangerous at times. Once you hit the legal age of adulthood in your country, which is usually 16 or 18, more opportunities open up to you.  Keep in mind that being out on your own is usually worse as a minor. When you’re found, you will be taken home anyway. Unless things are very bad or even dangerous, find other ways to improve your life at home. Even if you don’t think your friends and family will miss you much, you are better off finding safer ways to change the situation than simply disappearing. There are many resources out there that can help you deal with bad situations until you’re ready to leave. When you’re an adult, you have much more of a choice about leaving home and setting up shop somewhere else. Most of the problems come from hurting the people you care about when you leave suddenly. You could let them know you’re going or “disappear” by moving somewhere else without going missing.  There are some legal problems to consider. For instance, if someone sends a search party after you, you might have to pay back the costs of the search. Adults have the right to leave home if they wish. Exceptions...

Summary in Russian:

Попытайтесь решить проблемы и не исчезать. Оставайтесь дома, если вы не достигли совершеннолетия, чтобы не усугубить ситуацию. Выберите ответственный образ жизни, если вы взрослый человек. Путешествуйте в одиночку, чтобы вас не раскрыли. Уезжайте на короткое время, если вам нужен перерыв.


Article in English: There are many health problems which can cause severely dry skin like this. You might want to evaluate your health and make sure none of these problems are affecting you. If you are suffering from a larger condition, it's important to treat it before the cracks reappear and become infected...or before other, more dangerous symptoms come up.  Diabetes is one common example of an illness which can cause severely dry skin in the extremities.  Talk to your doctor for help in figuring out if you have outside health factors. Your body will naturally produce oils which help protect your skin and prevent cracks. However, an incorrect bathing routine can strip your skin of these natural oils and put you at risk. Mostly you'll want to avoid harsh soaps and hot water, since both will send your body's oils running. If you soak your feet, don't use soaps in the water. Generally you want to avoid soap on sensitive skin, like your feet. Water and a washcloth should be more than enough to get them clean. When the air gets really cold, it also dries out. The area you live in might also be naturally dry. This dry air, draws moisture out from your skin naturally. Protect your skin from drying out by evening out the moisture in the air or by protecting your skin. Place a humidifier in your home or office and wear socks and gloves when you go outside. You skin should also be protected from the sun, which can create damage and dryness over time. If the cracks you experience are mainly on your feet, you might want to take a look at your shoes. Shoes with open backs and poor padding can lead cracks to form by putting too much pressure on already sensitive skin. Use closed shoes and make sure they're very comfortable. Switch to jogging shoes or at least use insoles to protect your feet from pressure. Dehydration can definitely make your skin more prone to being dry and when you combine it with improper washing and a dry environment, it's a recipe for cracked skin. Drink plenty of water each day to keep your body properly hydrated....

Summary in Russian:

Пройдите медицинское обследование. Не смывайте натуральные масла. Защитите кожу от различных факторов, вызывающих сухость. Поменяйте обувь. Пейте больше воды. Получайте необходимые питательные вещества. Обратите внимание на свой вес. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом.


Article in English: There are many herbs that can help with breathing and lung health. There is not one correct way to take any of these herbs. You can drink them by making them as teas. You can also take them as supplements. If you don't want to ingest them, you can use these herbs as aromatherapy by heating them in water and letting the scent permeate the room. To make a tea, use one teaspoon of dried herb per cup of boiled water. If you use as a supplement, follow the manufacturer’s instructions. The Italian herb oregano is a natural decongestant, anti-microbial and anti-histamine. The active agents appear to be volatile oils called carvacrol and rosmarinic acid. You can add this herb, either fresh or dried, to recipes for tomato sauces and to rubs on meats. You can also take oregano as a supplement in its oil form. Peppermint's active ingredient is menthol. Menthol relaxes the respiratory tract muscles and acts as an anti-histamine. You can use peppermint as a fresh or dried herb in recipes for fish or desserts. You can also get it as an oil, which you put in food, take it as a dietary supplement, or apply it as a topical cream. There are also some versions of the oil that you can burn to permeate through the air.  Don’t apply peppermint or menthol oil directly to the skin of children. It has been associated with a decrease in the respiratory rate in children.  Many people use menthol-based chest balms and throat sprays to help break up congestion. The leaves of a eucalyptus tree have been used for centuries. It's a natural decongestant, which loosens mucus, making it easier to cough out. The agents responsible for these properties are cineole, eucalyptol and myrtol. Clinical research suggests that eucalyptus can effectively treat chronic and acute bronchitis. You can take eucalyptus oil by mouth or as a topical rub, but it must be diluted.  Eucalyptus oil vapor acts as a decongestant when it is inhaled, making it effective in the treatment of bronchitis. Try placing a couple of drops of the oil into a bowl of hot water and...

Summary in Russian:

Используйте травы. Попробуйте орегано. Использование мяты перечной. Попробуйте эвкалипт. Принимайте дополнительные добавки.


Article in English: There are many herbs that have anti-inflammatory properties. Anti-inflammatory effects seem to be the result of plant bioflavonoids, phenolic substances, and other substances that function as antioxidants.  Some of the most effective anti-inflammatory herbs include:  Cayenne pepper (fruit) Chamomile (flowers) Licorice (root) Turmeric (root) Willow bark (bark) Yarrow (flowers, leaves) Herbal teas may also help with some types of digestive inflammation such as cramping, nausea, and diarrhea. If you want to use herbs to treat digestive inflammation, then you may want to try an herb that targets the digestive system. The digestive anti-inflammatory herbs include:  goldenseal root licorice root  chamomile  calendula For an anti-inflammatory herb that targets the respiratory system try making a tea from licorice root or mullein leaves. For example, if you have a cold or bronchitis, then you may find it helpful to drink a tea made from licorice root or mullein leaves. A tea made from one of these herbs may help to ease some of the inflammation in your throat, nasal passages, and lungs. For bladder inflammations (cystitis, urethritis), you can try drinking a tea made from corn silk.  Corn silk has been used as a folk remedy indifferent parts of the world and it has been found to be effective as an anti-inflammatory agent. To make corn silk tea, you can just use some of the corn silk from a fresh cob of corn. The silk is the white thread that is between the corn and the husk. For skin conditions with an inflammatory component, you can apply a tea compress made from calendula, goldenseal, or myrrh. Applying the tea directly to your skin will produce the best benefit.  To make a tea compress, brew a cup of tea using one of the herbs and then let it cool until it is lukewarm. You may also chill the tea to increase the anti-inflammatory effects, since cold can help to reduce swelling and inflammation. After the tea has cooled, soak a clean washcloth in the tea and wring out the excess. Then, apply the washcloth to the...

Summary in Russian:

Попробуйте одну из наиболее эффективных противовоспалительных трав. Травы с противовоспалительным эффектом, которые способствуют пищеварению. Используйте лакрицу или коровяк при респираторных воспалениях. При воспалении мочевого пузыря приготовьте чай из кукурузных рылец. Прикладывайте компресс из травяного чая, чтобы снять воспаление кожи.


Article in English: There are many herbs that have been traditionally used to support liver function.  Little is known about how these herbs function, but there is a long history of safe use. In general, most of these herbs have been given as teas, so dosing is not often clear.  Follow manufacturer’s instructions and consult your physician for dosing.  The doses listed here should only be used as guidelines.  Milk thistle: Research suggests it may be most useful for those with alcohol-related liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatitis. Dosages range from 160-480 mg daily. Astragalus: The usual dose used is 20–500 mg of extract taken three to four times daily. Dandelion/Taraxacum root: Decreases cholesterol, reducing the burden on the liver. Drink two to four cups of dandelion root tea daily or two to four gm of root daily.  Combination formulas: There are many of these on the market, though most have not been clinically tested. Examples include NOW’s Liver Detoxifier and Regenerator, Gaia Herbs Deep Liver Support, and Oregon’s Wild Harvest Milk Thistle Dandelion. Green tea: Reduces the risk of liver disease, but in some people, it can increase liver problems.  The best course is to speak to your physician for advice regarding using green tea.  In general, two to four cups of green tea has been shown to reduce the risk of liver disease. These herbs not only taste delicious, but are also known to improve liver health. Add these herbs to taste, and use at least one of these daily.  Garlic also prevents liver cancer and heart disease and boosts the immune system. Turmeric has anti-inflammatory properties that support the liver by decreasing the inflammation that leads to hepatitis, NASH, liver cancer, and cirrhosis. Though there are plenty of ways to get antioxidants through diet, supplements can help you get even more. Alpha-Lipoic acid (ALA) is an antioxidant that has been studied in diabetes, heart disease and liver disease. It supports sugar metabolism in the liver and prevents alcoholic liver disease. The most common dose is 100...

Summary in Russian:

Пейте травяные чаи, которые благоприятно влияют на печень. Добавляйте чеснок и куркуму в пищу. Принимайте пищевые добавки с антиоксидантами.


Article in English: There are many indicators of dilation that don’t require inserting your fingers into your vagina. This can be especially helpful if you are in a lot of pain or discomfort. Most women will make some type of sound when they’re in labor. Listening to what types of sounds you’re making can cue you into how much you’re cervix has dilated. The following sounds can accompany the various stages of labor and cervical dilation:  At 0-4 centimeters dilated, you may not be making much noise and can talk through a contraction with little effort. At 4-5 centimeters, it may be difficult to nearly impossible to talk. Your noises may still be quiet. Between 5-7 centimeters, you may make louder and staccato noises. It should be nearly or completely impossible to talk through contractions. Between 7–10 centimeters (2.8–3.9 in), you may be making very loud noises and shouldn’t be able to talk through a contraction. If you’re a silent laborer, you can also check your dilation. Tell someone to ask you a question at the start of a contraction. The less you are able to say a sentence, the farther along your dilation is. Childbirth is an inherently emotional experience for the woman in labor. Watching what emotions you’re experiencing can cue you into how far your cervix is dilated. You may have the following emotions during labor:  Happiness and laughter between 1-4 centimeters Smiley and laughing at little things between contractions between 4-6 centimeters Irritation at jokes and small talk around 7 centimeters until birth. Many people will notice certain scents when a woman gets to between 6 and 8 centimeters dilated. The smell of labor is deep, heavy, and dusky—not musky. If you notice a distinct change to these scents in the smell of the room in which you’re laboring, your cervix may be between 6 and 8 centimeters dilated. Some women may see a stringy mucus discharge at 39 weeks that is tinged pink or brown with blood. This bloody show may continue through the early stages of labor. At 6-8 centimeters dilated, however, a lot of...

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание на издаваемые вами звуки во время раскрытия шейки. Следите за своими эмоциями. Попробуйте ощутить запах раскрытия. Обратите внимание на кровь и слизь. Найдите фиолетовую линию. Оценивайте состояние вашего тела. Следите за напряжением в спине.


Article in English: There are many misconceptions about vitamins and supplements, in particular that they are always completely safe for anyone to take because they are natural. This, however, is not true — vitamins and supplements can have dangerous interactions with other medications, be considered unsuitable for people with certain medical conditions and, in some cases, you can "overdose" on vitamins. With water-soluble vitamins, your body will, for the most part, eliminate excess through your urine, so there is little chance of the vitamin reaching toxic levels in your body. Fat-soluble vitamins, however, remain in your system for a longer period of time than their water-soluble counterparts, and eating too many of them can lead to an accumulation of excess amounts that may bring on a host of medical problems ranging from headache to death. Supplementation with fat-soluble vitamins should always be overseen by a medical professional and followed up with lab work to measure levels. Follow your doctor's advice for dosage of these vitamins. Your body stores vitamins considered fat-soluble in its fatty tissues and liver. It then draws upon the stores of fat-soluble vitamins to help your body function properly.  Foods that contain fat-soluble vitamins are generally animal products or fatty foods. Examples of foods with fat-soluble vitamins are vegetable oils, milk and dairy foods, eggs, liver, oily fish, and butter.  You do not need to eat foods containing fat-soluble vitamins every day because your body stores excess in your fatty tissues and then draws upon these reserves when you need them. There are several different vitamins that are considered fat-soluble. Recognizing these vitamins can both help you to get a sufficient amount of each and minimize your risk of consuming excess.  Vitamin A assists your vision, promotes bone and tissue growth and aids in reproduction.  Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption in your body, which in turn helps your teeth and bones develop properly. It also helps maintain proper blood levels of...

Summary in Russian:

Поймите, почему так важно понимать разницу между водо- и жирорастворимыми витаминами. Узнайте больше о жирорастворимых витаминах. Узнайте о различных жирорастворимых витаминах. Употребляйте достаточное количество жирорастворимых витаминов. Узнайте о водорастворимых витаминах. Различайте разные водорастворимые витамины. Употребляйте достаточно водорастворимых витаминов.


Article in English: There are many options for free or cheap travel through doing a specific job. However, most come with significant responsibilities. There are numerous online resources for finding these types of jobs. Try searching for a job title or description and a location and see what comes up. Some of the opportunities to consider include:  Moving yachts around the world for absentee owners or working as part of a crew for active yachts Delivering packages by hand as a courier on international flights Traveling as part of the crew on container ships (hard work!) Being a tourist guide (hiking trails, tours of historic buildings or ruins, etc.) Driving vehicles from one location to another location Teaching your language in another country This generally involves only a simple online signup before you're on your way. Organizations like CouchSurfing, Servas International, Global Freeloaders, and Hospitality Club allow you to stay with strangers for free or in return for some simple labor.These services are operated through an online network and operate all over the world.   Be sure to follow all the safety protocols in place and look for people who have a lot of good referrals, to be on the safe side. While the idea is to meet friends you've not yet met, always be cautious when meeting with strangers.  Home swapping can be another good choice if you own or rent on a permanent basis. There are plenty of opportunities available online; just be sure to do all necessary checks to ensure you're not inviting a house destroyer into your home! Check out http://www.caretaker.org to browse available opportunities. These vary from seasonal (beach houses, ski cabins, or homes where the residents are going away for a few weeks, months, or even years and need the house cared for), to permanent positions where you are essentially a "caretaker" of such places as hostels, retirement homes, lighthouses, organic farms, ranches, motels, or campgrounds, among others.  If you're looking for a comfortable and fairly extended length of stay in a...

Summary in Russian:

Попробуйте найти для себя работу, связанную с путешествиями. Попробуйте кауч-серфинг. Поищите вакансии домработника. Успейте увидеть мир, не сидите дома! Остановитесь на краю мира, прыгните в мечты и погрузитесь в вашу новую жизнь без затрат.


Article in English: There are many options open to you. You may use an online service to design your questionnaire. You can then send links to your questionnaire over e-mail. You may use a phone or mail campaign to cold-call respondents. Or you can execute a campaign in-person, using professionals or volunteers to lead surveys. There are advantages and disadvantages to each method, and each method has limits on what you can do. Ask yourself which delivery method best suits the subject matter of your questionnaire, as well as the data you want to receive. For instance:  Surveys delivered on the computer, by phone, and by mail can reach a broad range of people, whereas surveys administered in-person are time-intensive and limits who can participate (which may be useful). Surveys delivered on the computer, in person, and by mail can utilize pictures, whereas phone interviews cannot. Respondents may be too shy to answer certain questions in person or by phone. Decide if you want to give clarifications to your questions if the respondent doesn't understand something; only interviews given by a live person can deliver clarifications. A computer survey will require the respondent to have access to a computer. If your questionnaire concerns private issues, a computer survey may work best. The form of your questionnaire matters just as much as its content. You should aim to order questions so that they follow each other logically or mark clear shifts from section to section. Other kinds of questions may impact how a respondent fills out the questionnaire.   "Qualifiers" are questions that screen certain respondents out, preventing them from completing other questions. Position these at the beginning of your questionnaire. If demographics are of major concern, ask demographic questions up front. Save personal or complicated questions for the end of the questionnaire. Respondents will not feel as overwhelmed by these questions and may be more likely to be open and honest. It's often easier to attract respondents if you offer something in...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте о том, как проводить опрос. Разработайте опрос, исходя из метода его проведения. Продумайте порядок вопросов. Решите, предполагаете ли вы использование средств поощрения при выполнении опроса. Протестируйте опрос, прежде чем начать исследование.


Article in English: There are many over-the-counter acne creams, washes, and lotions, which all typically clean out pores by removing oil and dead skin. The most common over-the-counter acne product ingredients include:  Benzoyl peroxide - this compound kills bacteria, removes some excess oil, and sloughs off dead skin cells, effectively protecting open pores from dirt and bacterial infections.  Salicylic acid - this mild acid helps protect pores from becoming clogged.  Alpha hydroxy acids - these compounds, which typically include glycolic acid and lactic acid, help exfoliate the skin by removing dead skin cells and stimulating new skin growth.  Sulphur - this chemical element helps exfoliate the skin and remove some excess oil from the skin. Over-the-counter treatments are often effective in treating mild to moderate cases of acne. In more serious cases of acne, your doctor or dermatologist may recommend a prescription-strength acne medication. The most common topical acne prescriptions include:  Retinoids - this class of chemical compounds are derived from vitamin A, which helps promote new skin growth. Retinoid-based medications are typically used in the evening, and may be applied three times weekly, working up to daily use, depending on the severity of acne symptoms.  Antibiotics - antibiotics work to kill bacteria that persists on skin and in pores, and may reduce redness and inflammation associated with acne. The frequency of antibiotic use will depend on the severity of your acne. Follow your doctor's instructions when it comes to using antibiotics. Dapsone (Aczone) - this gel kills bacteria on the skin and helps keep pores clean. Dapsone is typically applied twice daily in adults, and is not recommended for children. Your doctor or dermatologist may give you different dosage instructions, and you should follow any instructions from your doctor. In cases of severe acne where prescription medications are not effective, some dermatologists may recommend more aggressive therapy treatments. Some of these therapy treatments...

Summary in Russian:

Используйте лекарства, отпускаемые без рецепта. Используйте рецептурные препараты для наружного применения. Попробуйте противоугревую терапию.


Article in English: There are many over-the-counter creams available for hemorrhoids. These creams help to ease the pain and itchiness associated with hemorrhoids, but don't cure the underlying problem.  Use hemorrhoid creams according to the instructions on the packaging, and never use for more than a week as they can make inflammation worse. Ask your healthcare provider for a recommendation on the best hemorrhoid cream for you. Two of the most common hemorrhoid creams are corticosteroids, which will help reduce inflammation and pain, and hemorrhoid creams containing lidocaine, an anesthetic which will help to numb the pain. A sitz bath is a small plastic basin which you can fill with water and attach to the seat of your toilet.  This allows you to submerge your anal region in warm water, which can help soothe any pain or discomfort caused by the hemorrhoids. Try sitting for 10-15 minutes, once or twice a day.  You can achieve the same results simply by sitting in a bathtub filled with hot water, but many pregnant women prefer the ease and convenience of the sitz bath. If you want relief from constipation, you should ask your doctor about getting a prescription for stool softeners.  Since hemorrhoids come from increased pressure on the veins near the anus, a softer stool can help decrease the pressure on these veins, thus causing less pain. Stool softeners come in tablet, capsule, liquid and syrup form and are usually taken at night. Scratching can aggravate the hemorrhoids, making the swelling worse, or even causing them to bleed. To reduce itchiness:  Wear cotton garments. These are less likely to irritate the hemorrhoids and also allow your skin to breathe, which can speed up healing.  Do not use scented tissues. Avoided using perfumed or colored toilet paper, as these contain ore chemicals and can irritate the hemorrhoids. Plain white, two-ply toilet paper is best.  Keep the area clean. Wiping carefully after a bowel movement can help to reduce issues - just be gently, as wiping too hard can cause irritation. Some women...

Summary in Russian:

Используйте патентованные лекарства. Попробуйте сидячие ванны. Облегчите запор. Сократите зуд. Используйте ледяной пак. При необходимости звоните врачу.


Article in English: There are many papers for which no historical context is needed, but if historical context can help clarify things to the reader, a historical review introduction can be very helpful. These introductions are usually used for papers written about a historical time period or topic, a historical critique of a piece of literature, or a long-standing problem that people throughout the ages have tried to address. Outline or review a few key historical facts that offer the reader any essential information he or she might need in order to understand the topic of the paper. These pieces of information should not only provide context about the topic, but should also indirectly present the general topic itself. In doing this, you will demonstrate the the reader how your topic fits into the historical account you present in your introduction. The information provided thus far will be fairly general, so you need to focus the end of your paragraph on a single thesis statement that you will use to define the rest of your paper.  A thesis statement is a single sentence that defines a specific point or idea about a broader topic that your entire paper is built around. With this type of introduction, your thesis statement should cause the reader to view the historical facts you just presented in a specific light or through a specific lens. In effect, your thesis statement should tell the reader why the facts you presented before it are important to keep in mind.

Summary in Russian:

Определите, будет ли исторический обзор полезен. Сообщите фактические и исторические данные по вашей теме. Изложите ваши мысли в форме тезиса.


Article in English: There are many people who are celibate at some time in their lives. One study found that 14% of men and 10% of women had not had sexual intercourse in the preceding year. There are many changes and transitions in life that can lead to celibacy – involuntary or not. Resist the urge to judge yourself harshly for being celibate. Ignore what you think society says about where you should be in your lifespan and whether you should be having sex, dating, married or with children. Your opinion of yourself is the most important one. The depression that can occur from celibacy can unfortunately prevent you from moving forward. If you feel socially awkward or shy, you may have trouble meeting people. The most significant barrier to finding a sexual partner is shyness. A general lack of social skills can also impede you from finding a sexual partner. Work on improving your social skills so that you feel more comfortable meeting new people.  Work on your nonverbal communication. Your body language communicates certain messages to other people. If you stand away from a crowd, or you hunch your shoulders a lot, you may be nonverbally telling others to stay away from you. Try standing up straight with your shoulders back and your head held high. Stand closer to a group of people and listen with interest to their conversation.  Have a mental list of general conversation topics. If you find that you run out of things to say, you can prepare ahead of time with some general ideas about things to talk about. This can include the weather, your work or school, a recent movie, a hike you went on, and so on.  Practice your social skills with all kinds of people. You don’t need to save your social skills for potential partners. Try them out on the mail carrier or the grocery store clerk. Making your dive back to sexual activity pleasurable will build your confidence. Feeling self-conscious or embarrassed of your body can make sex needlessly uncomfortable. If you struggle with body image issues that are negatively affecting your sex...

Summary in Russian:

Знайте, что вы не одиноки в своей проблеме. Поработайте над своими навыками общения. Любите свое тело. Решите проблему жилого пространства.


Article in English: There are many possible reasons why your eyes could become irritated while wearing contact lenses. Your eyes may not be getting enough air, you could be suffering from allergies/infection, or there could be some dirt/debris built up on your lens. The lens could also be torn, past its intended use date, or it could simply be the wrong shape for your eye. If your eyes become irritated from wearing contact lenses, whether you've overworn them or not, it's best to take them out and see an eye doctor before wearing lenses again.  Take your contact lenses out immediately and put them in your lens case with fresh contact solution. If you think the lenses might be past their intended use date or have a tear, throw them out right away. Use a re-wetting solution or saline eyedrops to lubricate your eyes. This should relieve some of the discomfort if your eyes are dry. Wear your eyeglasses instead of contacts for a while. It's best to avoid wearing contact lenses again until you've seen your eye doctor. Make an eye appointment and have your eyes evaluated for more serious medical conditions. See a doctor immediately if you experience pain, signs of infection, flashes of light, persistently blurred vision, or sudden loss of vision. Having dirty hands or handling your contact lenses wrong can lead to those lenses causing you pain and discomfort. Your eye doctor should inform you of how to handle your contact lenses, and you should follow those instructions carefully.  Wash your hands with soap and clean water before you handle your contact lenses or touch your eye at all. Dry your hands with a clean, disposable paper towel. Make sure you do not use any hand lotion, perfume, or scented oils before handling your contact lenses. If you wear hair spray, make sure you apply it to your hair before you insert your contact lenses. Spraying hair products with your contacts in could trap airborne particles against your eye. Apply makeup after putting in your contact lenses to avoid accidentally touching your lenses with makeup on...

Summary in Russian:

Ухаживайте за раздраженными глазами. Ухаживайте за линзами должным образом. Очищайте и дезинфицируйте линзы. Регулярно заменяйте линзы и контейнеры.


Article in English: There are many products available at your local pet store that can help treat ich. Always follow the instructions labelled on the medication for the correct dosage amounts and if it's safe to use on your type of fish, especially if you have invertebrate fish such as snails, shrimp, and clams.  Always perform a water change and vacuum your gravel before you administer the medicine. Medicine is more effective in a clean tank without other dissolved organics or nitrates to get in the way. Always remove the carbon from your filter as the carbon can neutralize or entrap medicines added to the tank. Since saltwater ich lasts much longer in their tomite phase, copper is often added to the tank for 14 to 25 days and works similarly as salt to destroy ich. However, using copper requires you to put in the exact and correct dosage and diligently check copper levels in your tank daily with a copper ion test kit. Do not use copper to treat freshwater fish because it could kill them.  Always follow the instructions on the product. Remove the carbon from your filter as the carbon can neutralize or entrap medicines added to the tank. Copper combines with calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate based rocks, sand, and gravel so be sure to only use copper in a bare tank. Copper is highly toxic for invertebrates, reefs, and plants. Separate invertebrates, reefs, and plants and treat them with other safe methods. These methods can be dubbed as dangerous alternatives to treating ich. Some even damage your fish and must be constantly monitored so levels don't reach to a point where your fish might die from the chemical. Always read the label of these chemical medicines and wear protective clothes like gloves and goggles when handling them. Some treatments are:   Malachite green: Similar to chemotherapy in humans, malachite green works to damage all cell's ability to produce energy which is vital for metabolic processes. This chemical doesn't differentiate from a fish's cell to the cell of an ich parasite.  Formalin: Formalin kills...

Summary in Russian:

Обработайте аквариум специальными лекарствами. Используйте медь для лечения морских рыбок. Для лечения морского ихтика воспользуйтесь более сильными веществами.


Article in English: There are many reasons for going nocturnal, but they need to resonate with who you are and the life you'd like to lead. The disadvantages of going nocturnal should be weighed when considering it as a way of life. You won't be around when most people are awake, so that means missing out on a lot of social activities. You'll also be underexposed to vitamin D, which could negatively affect your health. However, the benefits of going nocturnal are numerous:  There are fewer people around during the night, which can be great for a number of reasons. It can be a creatively productive time if you are naturally a night owl. People will not be emailing you with demands, so you will not be interrupted. You'll be the life of the party because you'll be more refreshed than all the people knocking off a day's work. You might even join the ranks of the "professional night owls" who live to party in the best nightclubs in town. It's a chance to connect with interesting people also staying up all night, including night owls, vampire fans, social moths, and people who just can't get off the internet late at night. Your house won't seem as messy. Human vision is terrible at night. Even with the lights on, it is harder to see the dust and fluff bunnies. You won't need to clean half as hard! Another thing to consider is being nocturnal seasonally or for a set period rather than all year long. This can be useful during a special season like summertime when the nights are lovely, during a vacation season and so on. You can be available to pursue whatever interests happen to coincide with your need to stay up all night. If you're serious about making this a long-term commitment, you'll need to find a job that allows you to sleep during the day and stay awake at night. If you plan to stay nocturnal as a long-term or permanent change, you'll need to be able to work around the things that are usually done during the day.   Shift work will allow you to continue working during the night. There are many different possibilities for shift...

Summary in Russian:

Решите для себя, улучшает ли вашу жизнь ночной образ жизни. Подберите работу или образ жизни, который позволит вам стать полуночником. Наладьте контакты с другими полуночниками или ночными совами. Не шутите со своей психикой. Вернитесь в свое прежнее состояние.


Article in English: There are many reasons that may claim the life of your hamster. Old age, for example, may make your hamster’s eyes go dull. You may notice his fur getting thin. It may make your hamster listless and cause his appetite to disappear. Your hamster may exhibit unusual signs, such as urinating in its nest. Your parents may be able to offer advice on how to help your hamster. You may be able to talk to an experienced professional, like a vet, for more specific details on how to care for your hamster. She will give you advice on diet, exercise, and care. If your hamster in too much pain, you may want to consider other options. Euthanasia may be the best option to stop his suffering. This is a painless process and the professionals will do what they can to make the last stages of your pet’s life as comfortable as possible. You want to tell those close to you about what is going to happen. This may be your child’s first experience with death, and you want to approach it with care. Be honest and approach with empathy.

Summary in Russian:

Научитесь распознавать симптомы. Проконсультируйтесь с тем, кто сможет вам помочь. Учтите физические страдания хомячка. Подготовьте друзей и членов семьи.


Article in English: There are many reasons why a man would choose to restore his foreskin.  Some men prefer the look of the intact penis and will regrow their foreskin for aesthetic reasons, while others resent not having a choice as with infant circumcision. However the majority of men will regrow their foreskin to seek the great increase in sensitivity reported by restored men. Whatever the reason, a man should ask himself if he is ready to undertake a project that will take years to complete and permanently affect the most private area of his body. Currently, the most effective way to regrow your foreskin is through tissue expansion.  This works by pulling the skin of the penile shaft over the glans and applying tension (either manually or using a device) until new skin cells are produced and the tissue on the skin of the penis expands. Once the foreskin has expanded enough to cover the glans, the tissue beneath becomes less calloused and some of the hidden nerve endings are restored, resulting in increased sensitivity. There are many options for restoring the foreskin, it's just a matter of deciding which works best for you and fits into your lifestyle. For instance, a man who uses a public shower or locker room may prefer a device that can be donned and removed quickly and inconspicuously. A college student with roommates and not much money may prefer manual tugging. Therefore, it is very important to do your research and carefully consider each of the following factors (among others) before making a decision.   Cost: Although some methods cost nothing (manual tugging) others require expensive ($40 to $300) equipment.  Level of commitment: How much time you're willing to invest in regrowing your foreskin will affect which method you should use.  Type of activity throughout restoration time (work, exercise, etc.): Many restoration devices require a weight to be worn on the penis for hours at a time, which could be impractical if you live an active lifestyle.  The amount of "extra" skin (i.e. skin folds) you currently have:...

Summary in Russian:

Спросите себя, почему вы хотите повторно вырастить крайнюю плоть полового члена. Понятие о том, как это работает. Проведите свои исследования.


Article in English: There are many reasons why your period may not have come. If pregnancy is at the top of your worry list, you'll need to take a pregnancy test and decide what to do next. Most pregnancy tests don't give an accurate reading until five or more days have passed since your period was supposed to begin.  If no more than 120 hours (5 days) have passed since you had sex, emergency contraception is an option for you. Also called Plan B or the morning after pill, emergency contraception is a drug containing high levels of progestin. This hormone works by stopping the release of the egg from the ovary, preventing it from getting fertilized. The sooner you take it, the more effective it is. In the United States, emergency contraception is available for about $50.00 in drugstore pharmacies. No prescription is required. If more than 120 hours have passed or you take a pregnancy test that reads positive, emergency contraception will not work. Make an appointment at your local health clinic to go over your options. Whether you choose to  have an abortion or continue the pregnancy, it's important to get support right away. Do not attempt to terminate a pregnancy on your own. This is highly dangerous and could result in permanent injury or death. Call or visit a health clinic to learn about safe options. Having an irregular cycle is completely normal for some. Everyone's body is different, and some people tend to skip a month here and there or go long periods of time without menstruating. Breast-feeding and menopause are other natural conditions that disrupt the menstrual cycle. Talk with your doctor if you're unsure whether the cause of your missed period may be connected with natural hormone changes.  Pay attention to your cycle and keep track of patterns. Most women menstruate every 21 to 35 days. The length of time between your periods can change over time as your body grows and changes. Just because you miss one period doesn't mean something is wrong. However, if it happens more than once you should talk to your doctor....

Summary in Russian:

Проверьте, не беременны ли вы. Изучите другие естественные причины задержки менструации. Проверьте, не влияет ли на отсутствие менструации прием вами лекарственных препаратов. Выясните, нет ли у вас каких-либо заболеваний.


Article in English: There are many reasons you may have forgotten a password in the first place. For one, it may have been thought up on the spot, or you might have made it too complex to remember in full. While making your password hard to guess is an essential security step, the most important thing about a password is how uniquely memorable it is to you. Thinking up a distinctive, but memorable password can be difficult, as obvious answers (like the name of a place or person) are too easily guessed.  Try combining a few individually memorable words. For instance, your pet's name is a weak choice on its own, but pairing it with something completely unrelated, like your favourite food or comic book character, is a strong way to send hackers for a loop. When you're making a password, most sites will have an indicator that tells you how strong your password is. While these are vague tools at best, you'll want to aim for an average strength at least. Adding symbols and numbers to your code is a smart way to improve security. Another common trick you can use is to invent a mnemonic acronym. Write the first letter of each word of a memorable sentence, thereby creating a gibberish word. For example, the sentence "Friday is my favourite day of the week" would become 'Fimfdotw'. Likewise, "Free jazz is my favourite kind of music" would become 'Fjimfkom'. This can be applied to virtually any sentence imaginable, so long as it has enough words to satisfy the password's minimum character count-- usually 8. While you should write passwords you'll be able to remember reasonably well, you should write down your passwords and put them somewhere safe if you think there's a chance you'll forget them again. Seal the envelope, and leave it unmarked, or mark it as something misleading. That way, if someone manages to find it, they won't likely grasp its importance. If you're really concerned that you'll lose the envelope, you might consider giving the envelope to a trusted friend or a loved one. This is not recommended however, as it means giving...

Summary in Russian:

Придумывайте запоминающиеся пароли. Запишите пароли и храните их в запечатанном конверте. Используйте менеджер паролей. Воспринимайте пароли так же серьезно, как информацию, которую они призваны защитить.


Article in English: There are many reasons you should give yourself permission to make mistakes. Making mistakes is inevitable and part of being human. It's also a valuable source of instruction and will enrich your life. It can teach you to try new things and expand your horizons.  For example, you may want to learn how to cook. Starting out, say to yourself “I’m new at this cooking stuff and I’ll probably make mistakes. That’s okay. It’s all part of the process.” Sometimes, the fear of making mistakes—perfectionism—can keep you from trying new things or completing projects because you're so afraid of not doing well that you can't bring yourself to act. Don't let this happen to you. Sometimes, mistakes are not caused by an effort on our part, but the lack of it. We can't exert maximum effort every single day in every element of our lives. Things that we do frequently, such as driving to work or making breakfast, can become so habitual that we don't focus on them. This is actually helpful, because it allows us to spend energy on other things that require more attention. However, sometimes this force of habit can lead us into making mistakes. Acknowledge that this is part of being a human with finite energy and attention resources.  For example, perhaps you drive the same way to work every day, 5 days a week. On the weekend, you are supposed to drive your kid to soccer practice, but you realize you've gone on “autopilot” and have started driving to work instead. This is a natural mistake, the result of habit. Beating yourself up for this mistake is unhelpful. Instead, acknowledge your slip-up and move on. Studies suggest that you may be able to compensate for mistakes made on autopilot, even when you aren't aware of them consciously. Studies conducted with skilled typists suggest that you slow down when you make a mistake typing, even if you are not consciously aware of doing so.  Studies also suggest that about 47% of the time, people are “checked out”, or allowing their minds to wander from the task at hand. This is often when...

Summary in Russian:

Разрешите себе ошибаться. Признайте силу привычки. Различайте ошибки действенные и бездейственные. Различайте ошибки и неверные решения. Сосредоточьтесь на своих сильных сторонах. Рассматривайте ошибки как возможности. Обратите внимание, как много нужно времени, чтобы стать профессионалом. Воспринимайте решения как эксперименты. Поймите, как мозг воспринимает ошибки. Изучите взгляд общества на ошибки.


Article in English: There are many related wikihows for all kinds of snakes that you can read.  It is also great to chat with other snake owners and learn from them.  Snakes are wonderful creatures if you take care of them and make sure that they are fed correctly, homed correctly and handled in the right manner. Research cannot be stressed enough; the more you know, the higher the chance that you will get everything right and the longer and happier relationship you will have together.

Summary in Russian:

Внимательно прочитайте, как заботиться и как кормить ваш тип змеи. Посмотрите онлайн видео по уходу за змеями. Хорошо ухаживайте за ними.


Article in English: There are many reputable sources that report on market trends. You may want to subscribe to a stock-trading magazine such as Kiplinger, Investor's Business Daily, Traders World, The Economist, or Bloomberg BusinessWeek. . You could also follow blogs written by successful market analysts such as Abnormal Returns, Deal Book, Footnoted, Calculated Risk, or Zero Hedge. Some of the top-rated sites include Scottrade, OptionsHouse, TD Ameritrade, Motif Investing and TradeKing. Be sure that you are aware of any transaction fees or percentages that will be charged before you decide on a site to use.  Be sure the service you use is reputable. You might want to read reviews of the business online. Select a service that has amenities such as a mobile phone app, investor education and research tools, low transaction fees, easy to read data and 24/7 customer service. You’re unlikely to need more than one, but you may want to start with two or more so that you can later narrow your choice to the site you like the best.  Be sure to check out the minimum balance requirements for each site. Your budget may only allow you to create accounts on one or two sites. Starting with a particularly small amount, like $1,000, may limit you to certain trading platforms, as others have higher minimum balances. Some websites such as ScottradeELITE, SureTrader, and OptionsHouse offer a virtual trading platform, where you can experiment for a while to assess your instincts without putting actual money in. Of course, you can’t make money this way, but you also can’t lose money! Trading in this manner will get you used to the methods and types of decisions you will be faced with when trading but overall is a poor representation of actual trading. In real trading, there will be a delay when buying and selling stocks, which may result in different prices than you were aiming for. Additionally, trading with virtual money will not prepare you for the stress of trading with your real money. You have a lot of choices, but ultimately you want to buy...

Summary in Russian:

Исследуйте тенденции рынка. Выберите трейдинговый веб-сайт. Откройте счет на одном или нескольких веб-сайтах. Потренируйтесь в торговле, прежде чем вложить в нее реальные деньги. Выберите надежныее акции. Приобретите свои первые акции. Инвестируйте в компании со средним и крупным капиталом. Ежедневно отслеживайте рыночную ситуацию. Подумайте о вложениях в фонды взаимных инвестиций.


Article in English: There are many resources online that use calculators to determine watts. They will do the formula for you.  Such resources typically ask you to enter the number of volts, and the number of amps. Then you are asked to hit the “calculate” button to get the watts. Keep in mind, though, that online calculators aren’t always accurate because every appliance is going to be slightly different in its power needs. Some online sites will give you the watts needed if you click on the appliance type, such as a television or desktop computer. Sites sometimes have charts that list the watts used by various appliances, from refrigerators to boom boxes. You can figure out how many watts an appliance needs by looking for the data plate.  Find this on the back of your appliance. It’s likely to list how many volts, amps, and watts you need to power your appliance. You might find this information stamped on the back of the appliance. Or you could find the wattage listed on the nameplate.  Wattage meters plug into the appliance, and they tell you the exact amount of power that the appliance needs to run. The wattage of an appliance might vary depending on its setting. For example, a radio is going to use more watts if you turn the volume on high.

Summary in Russian:

Найдите онлайн-калькулятор. Осмотрите ваш прибор.


Article in English: There are many safe and effective birth control options available for women. Birth control pills are widely available and can be inexpensive, making them an attractive option; however, depending on your needs, health, and pre-existing medical conditions, certain choices may be better for you, so it’s important to discuss your birth control needs with your healthcare provider.  There are two main kinds of birth control pills. Combination pills use the hormones estrogen and progestin. Another type, the minipill, uses only progestin.  Combination pills also come in two types. Monophasic birth control pills all contain the same amount of estrogen and progestin. Multiphasic pills vary the amount of hormones in certain phases. Combination pills also come as “low-dose” pills. These pills contain less than 20 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol (normal birth control pills contain 50 micrograms or less). Women who are sensitive to hormones, especially estrogen, may benefit from the low-dose pill; however, the low-dose pill may also cause more bleeding between periods. Combination pills are commonly prescribed, but they are not always appropriate. Your doctor and you will make the final decision. If any of the following apply to you, your doctor may recommend that you do not use combination pills:  You are breastfeeding You are older than age 35 and a smoker You have high blood pressure You have a history of pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis or you have an inherited condition that increases your risk of clots You have a history of breast cancer You have a history or heart disease or stroke You have medical complications related to diabetes You have liver or kidney disease You have unexplained uterine or vaginal bleeding You have a history of blood clots You have lupus You have migraine with aura You will be having major surgery that immobilizes you for a prolonged period of time You take St. John’s wort, anticonvulsants, or anti-tuberculous medications Your doctor may recommend that you do not use the minipill if...

Summary in Russian:

Обсудите возможные способы контрацепции с врачом-гинекологом. Оцените состояние своего здоровья. Рассмотрите преимущества приема комбинированных пероральных контрацептивов. Рассмотрите возможные риски, связанные с приемом комбинированных оральных контрацептивов. Рассмотрите возможные преимущества использования однокомпонентных прогестиновых оральных контрацептивов (мини-пили). Рассмотрите возможные негативные последствия приема мини-пили. Подумайте, хотите ли вы скорректировать частоту менструаций. Узнайте, как ваши противозачаточные таблетки взаимодействуют с другими лекарственными препаратами. Расскажите врачу, какие лекарственные препараты вы принимаете в настоящее время.


Article in English: There are many situations that may require an observed test. If you hold a Commercial Driver's License and provide a specimen that is outside of the acceptable temperature range or shows signs of tempering or it requires an immediate, observed retest.. Some employers require an observed collection for professionals (doctors, nurses, etc) who have been a history of drug or alcohol abuse. You can of course always refuse to provide an observed specimen, but there may be repercussions including job loss. At least ten states (Arkansas, Illinois, Maryland, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia and Texas) have outlawed the sale of synthetic urine or adulterants for the purpose of passing a drug test. Be aware of this as you consider your options. Employers are currently allowed by law to require that workers submit to urinalysis or saliva screening to be considered for employment and/or to retain their employment. States have laws which often limit how and when testing can be done, such as requiring that the company have a written policy or that 'random' testing not be used. However, some circumstances when you are most likely to be tested include:  During the hiring process. You do not have to submit to a blood test as a job applicant. However, a potential employer can make passing a drug test a requirement of a conditional job offer once it is extended to you.  If you are a pregnant woman in the hospital. In the United States, some states have required pregnant women to be tested for illegal drug use as part of their prenatal care. The US Supreme Court ruled the secret testing of women unconstitutional in the case of Ferguson v City of Charleston, in March 2001. However, women who arrive to deliver in a hospital have their blood tested routinely. A delivering mother could face endangerment charges or even worse if traces are found in her blood.  If you operate a vehicle or heavy machinery. Jobs where lives might be put in danger when an employee is impaired--such as...

Summary in Russian:

Знайте, в каких случаях вас могут попросить сдать анализ под наблюдением. Знайте законы своей страны. Знайте, в каких ситуациях может возникнуть необходимость в анализе на наркотики. Знайте, в каких случаях проверка на наркотики не является обязательной. Знайте, какая информация о проверке на наркотики соответствует действительности, а какая нет.


Article in English: There are many smart phone applications that work something like a telescope. You enter your location, or allow the phone to find your location, and then point your phone to the sky. The phone acts as interactive map, identifying stars and constellations for you. Some applications can also enhance visuals, allowing you to see stars more easily.  Sky Guide is an application for iPhones. The app can track your location and time. Then, you can hold your phone up to the sky and it will provide you a map. It can identify different constellations and stars.  For an Android, there is an app known as Stellarium Mobile. It works the same as SkyGuide, but with a slightly higher resolution. You can better see stars and constellations through your phone when using Stellarium. Star atlases have been around for a long time. If the idea of carrying your phone around while stargazing kills the fun for you, consider buying a star atlas instead. You should also always take an atlas with you when hiking in the event your phone battery dies. A star atlas is a book that breaks down the night sky by the region and time of year. You can use the graphics and charts provided in a star atlas to locate the North Star on any given night.  Every star atlas is slightly different. There's usually a guide in back that provides information on how constellations are labeled. For example, small stars may be labeled by dots. Major stars, like the North Star, may be marked by large, red dots.  A star atlas will provide a map, much like a map of a town or city, guiding you across the night sky on any given night. Select the map for your specific region and time of year and use that map as a guide. Bring a flashlight with you as you go out to stargaze so you can consult the map as needed.  Practice using the star atlas before you go camping. It can take a while to get proficient at using a star atlas. Make sure you get lots of practice so, if you need to find the North Star in a pinch, you're well-prepared to use your atlas.    Of course, where a...

Summary in Russian:

Найдите Полярную звезду с помощью смартфона. Потратьтесь на приобретение атласа звездного неба. Заранее подготовьтесь к наблюдению за звездами с помощью своего компьютера.


Article in English: There are many sources of pain in life. You may have made a mistake, regret a decision, failed to take an opportunity, hurt someone, or were hurt by someone. Instead of reliving your past over and over in your head, get it out.  Express yourself by writing in a journal, talking to a trusted friend or family member, or talking to a professional counselor. If your hurt involves another person, you can talk to the person about how you feel or write the person a letter.  If you do not want to talk to the person, you can write a letter to the person, but never send the letter to the person. Expressing your feelings about your past can also help you understand how you really feel about the situation. Anytime you make a decision, you say yes to one opportunity and say no to other possibilities.  It can be easy to sit and wonder "what if," but that only leads to frustration. Running scenarios in your mind will not change what has already happened.  Instead of thinking about what may or may not have happened if you made different choices, focus on the present and what you can do now.  Accept that your past has happened and you may or may not be proud of what happened. However, it is now part of your story. Tell yourself, "I made that decision in my past. It made sense to me at the time. Looking back, it may have been better to ____. However, I could not predict the outcome, but this will help me in the future if I deal with a similar situation." Once you have expressed your hurt, make a conscious decision to let it go. Although you cannot change your past, you can choose to not dwell on it and take the steps to move on.  When you choose to let it go, you are being proactive about moving on instead of being a victim to your past.  Tell yourself, "I accept myself and my past. I am choosing to move on from this." or "I will not be defined by my past. I am choosing to move forward." This decision is an everyday choice that you are making. You may need to talk to yourself about moving on every morning until you actually...

Summary in Russian:

Выразите свою боль. Смиритесь со своими решениями. Примите решение отпустить прошлое. Подумайте о том, что вы узнали. Простите себя. Простите других людей. Избегайте разрушительных отношений. Обратитесь за помощью к психотерапевту.