Article in English: Investors often determine a required yield, or the minimum return they want to get on a bond, before purchasing.  Calculating the yield to maturity can inform you about whether a specific bond purchase will meet an investors expectations.  These expectations may vary from investor to investor.  However, the calculation gives investors concrete data with which to compare the value of different bonds. Bond issuers may not choose to allow a bond to grow until maturity.  These actions decrease the yield on a bond.  They may call a bond, which means redeeming it before it matures.  Or, they may put it, which means that the issuer repurchases the bond before its maturity date.  Yield to call (YTC) calculates the yield rate between the present and the call date of a bond.  Yield to put (YTP) calculates the yield rate until the issuer puts the bond. The YTM does not account for taxes or for purchasing or selling costs.  These effectively lower the yield on a bond.  Also, investors must remember that these calculations are estimates only.  Fluctuations in the market can have significant effects on the bond yield.

Summary in Russian:

Используйте доходность к погашению, чтобы принять правильное инвестиционное решение. Уясните изменения доходности к погашению. Уясните ограничения доходности к погашению.


Article in English: Invite open communication from the beginning through the end of the overall sales experience.  Anticipate questions and answer them before your customers have to ask. This can be especially important for online sales. Keep your customer updated on the status of the order. Let the buyer know when you've processed payment and when you've shipped the item. Check in later to make sure that the item arrived safely. It may not be feasible to build a close relationship with every potential customer you meet, but you should try to establish a temporary connection with each prospect you come into contact with.  By showing the customer that you view him or her as a human instead of a paycheck, you encourage the customer to view you as a fellow human, too. When selling a product in person, carefully observe the approaching prospect. Try to find something you have in common or offer an honest compliment. When selling a product online, thank the buyer for his or her interest. Demonstrate interest in the buyer's needs, too, by asking questions that can direct the buyer to the best product for his or her circumstances. No two customers are exactly alike, so you'll need to pay attention to each customer's personality and act accordingly.  On a basic level, introverted customers usually like to be left alone while extroverted customers may prefer to be actively engaged. For sales made in person, you'll need to pay attention to body language. For sales made online, you'll need to wait for the customer to reach out to you with a question or comment. Once that happens, try to respond with the same level of enthusiasm demonstrated by the customer's words. Customers want their money's worth; in other words, they want to buy good products that will last a long time. If a customer has some concern about the value of your product, you need to address that concern honestly and tactfully.  Some buyers will have a direct question about your product, like an inquiry on the size, weight, or functionality of the item. Oftentimes, though,...

Summary in Russian:

Создайте горячую линию. Устанавливайте личные контакты. Относитесь к каждому клиенту как к личности. Реагируйте на сомнения. Будьте честными. Будьте спокойными.


Article in English: Invite them during a time you might see them anyway. Maybe you share a scheduled activity together? Otherwise, schedule an activity or meet up with them as is convenient. The more time they have, the more receptive they'll be to your approach. Don't invite guests in a way that makes them feel they have to say yes. Your party should be fun and totally accommodating. If they can't make it, they should feel a little disappointed -- not guilty! For example, instead of saying "You're coming to my party next weekend, right?", say something like "Hey *guest's name*, I'm having a party next weekend. I'd love it if you could come!" Much like with a phone invitation, it is easy to forget details in the heat of a personal conversation/invitation. Make sure to cover where and when it is, what the occasion is, and if they need to bring anything.  To avoid guests forgetting information, you can hand out a physical invitation as well. This doesn't have to be a tried-and-true invite so much as a reminder. Short of that, you can offer to write information down or text it to their phone, etc. You can raise interest for your party with an in-person invitation. This can be especially effective in a group setting. The more excited you are about it and the more you can build it up with detail, the less they'll be likely to forget and the more likely they are to feed off your excitement and get excited, too.  Describe what your party will be like, and how excited you are. You can say something like "I'm really looking forward to it; it's going to be great!" You can also use tone and body language in a personal conversation for added effect. If you don’t have the party’s details nailed down, open them up for suggestions by your guests. Guests are much more likely to come if they had a hand in the creation of your party. Be discreet when you're doling out your in-person invitations. Make sure only the people you want invited are hearing the discussion. If it's an issue, tell them that you can only have so many people at the party....

Summary in Russian:

Обратитесь к гостям в удобное время. Дайте гостям право выбора. Убедитесь, что дали всю необходимую информацию. Разговаривайте со своими гостями. Помните, что вы можете обидеть тех людей, которых вы не пригласили и которые услышали о вашей вечеринке от других.


Article in English: Invite them to chat over a coffee or lunch. Keep the situation casual, so your friend feels comfortable talking to you openly. You can email, call, or text, but people are more likely to fully understand this conversation, if you conduct it face-to-face where they can see your body language and facial expressions.  Make sure you're able to meet one-on-one. You don't want to embarrass your friend. Send an email, text, or call and say something like, "Do you have some time to meet and talk this weekend?" If you want to give them a heads up on what the conversation is about, you can say something like, "Can we meet up Friday to talk about that loan I gave you a few months ago?" If you want to make sure your friend is comfortable, let them pick the location. Say something like, "I wanted to talk about that loan I gave you awhile back. Can we meet at your place or somewhere close by to talk about that this week?" In some cases, your friend really may have forgotten about the money owed to you. Start by reminding them about the loan. You can say something like, “I was happy to give you that money last month to help out, but I was hoping you could pay me back before my rent is due.” This reminds them that the money was given and acknowledges that the money was a loan, in case they had misinterpreted the loan as a gift. If the gentle reminder doesn't produce an apology and offer of repayment, address the issue head on. Sometimes, phrasing your request for repayment as a question can soften the blow. Try saying something like, “Do you know when you'll be able to pay me back?”   Insist on a precise answer to your direct question. Responses like, “I hope to get it back to you in the next few months,” are not adequate. If your friend avoids responding or responds vaguely, push them to set a deadline. You can say something like, “I'm understanding the next few months as meaning no later than three months from today. Can we agree to that?” The longer you allow your friend to avoid payment, the less likely you are to have...

Summary in Russian:

Устройте личную встречу. Вежливо напомните о долге. Будьте прямолинейны. Не позволяйте долгу оставаться неоплаченным.


Article in English: Inviting 30 people over to your house for beer pong is probably a good reason to bring your ancient Roman vase collection to the attic. Anything you don't want touched, messed with, or potentially broken needs to put out of sight. Shut the doors to rooms you don't want entered, lock them, tidy up the bathroom, and get your home in party condition.  You'll probably want to have garbage bags and cleaning supplies at the ready, too, just to make everything easier. Have games and alternative choices of music out just in case the party needs a little revamping. Get a couple of your closest friends together to help prepare your house for the party. This is also a plus for when guests start showing up; it looks like people are already there and in case someone not so well-known shows up early, it'll save you from an awkward situation. Direct each guest as they show up to the designated food, beverage, and entertainment areas. You want them feeling comfortable right off the bat. Mingle and get to know the people you might not know so well. If there's alcohol involved at your party, make sure everyone who wants to drink has a drink in their hand. Turn the music up enough so that you can still comfortably hear one another. Make sure your guests are comfortable with one another by introducing those that aren't known that well to your group of friends. You may also want to start with the party activities and turn the music up louder to enforce a party atmosphere. Monitor the alcohol counter to keep anyone from overdoing it with hard liquor. For groups that don't know each other, you may need to start conversations rolling. That's why you're the host!  If the party starts reaching a lull, feel free to call it a night. Just start cleaning up and telling people thanks for coming and they'll get the hint. If they don't, just tell them the party's over! They don't have to go home, but they can't stay there. Make sure everyone gets home okay. Do they have your number? Are they okay to drive? Does anyone need a ride? If they...

Summary in Russian:

Подготовьте место проведения вашей вечеринки. Настройте все. Позаботьтесь о ваших гостях. Попросите других помочь вам прибраться.


Article in English: Inviting body language means positioning yourself in a way that makes it inviting and easier for people to come talk to you. This means facing the person who is speaking to you and standing with an open posture with your arms at your side for example, rather than crossing your arms in front of your chest. Crossing your arms in from of your chest might imply that you don't want to have a conversation. Or, if you are in the middle of a conversation and you keep yawning and looking around as someone is talking to you, they might assume that you aren't listening and don't care what they have to say. Conversely, to show that are listening and do care what they have to say, here are some engaging body language cues you can try:  Raising your eyebrows every once in while. Moving slightly closer toward the person speaking to you. Smiling and laughing when it is appropriate. Tilting your head when hearing new or interesting information. Nodding your head if you agree or understand what someone is saying. In Western culture, making eye contact is a non-verbal way of letting someone know that they have your attention and respect -- two important factors involved in having a productive conversation. Making and keeping eye contact lets the other person know that they can proceed with what they want to say, knowing that you are ready to listen. An important part of listening is being able to zone out background noise, thoughts, and conversations so you focus on the conversation in front of you. Being distracted by other things takes your attention away from the speaker and lessen your ability to fully listen. Turning off communication devices like cell phones is a polite and easy way to get rid of further distractions.

Summary in Russian:

Используйте язык тела. Сохраняйте зрительный контакт. Слушайте не отвлекаясь.


Article in English: Iodine is necessary for the thyroid to produce hormones. Since gynecomastia is often due to a hormonal imbalance, adding more iodine to your diet may help. However, it's always a good idea to have your iodine level checked by your doctor first. To increase your iodine, make sure the salt you use has iodine and eat foods like fish, dairy, grains, and seaweed. If you are on a calorie-restricted diet, you can cause your testosterone levels to drop in relation to your estrogen levels. In turn, you can develop gynecomastia. Make sure you are getting enough calories for your age. Most men need about 2,500 calories a day to maintain their weight, though that can change depending on your age and activity level. Also, your nutrition is important, meaning your diet needs to consist of fruits and veggies, lean proteins, and whole grains. Alcohol can affect the balance of hormones in your body. It's best to skip alcohol altogether if you can. Otherwise, only drink in moderation, generally less than 1 to 2 drinks a day.

Summary in Russian:

Увеличьте потребление йода  по совету врача. Потребляйте достаточно пищи, чтобы поддерживать здоровый вес и предотвратить падение тестостерона. Уменьшите потребление спиртного, чтобы привести в норму уровень гормонов.


Article in English: Ionic compounds contain a metal and a nonmetal. Refer to the periodic table of elements to see what categories the elements in the compound belong to. For a two element ionic compound, the naming is simple. The first part of the name is the name of the metal element. The second part is the name of the nonmetal element, with the suffix “-ide.” Here are some examples:  Al2O3. Al2 = Aluminium; O3 = Oxygen. So the name would be “aluminium oxide.” FeCl3. Fe = Iron; Cl3 = Chlorine. So the name would be "iron chloride." SnO2. Sn = Tin; O2 = Oxygen. So the name of this compound would be Tin Oxide. Metals in the D and F blocks of the periodic table are known as transition metals. Their charge is written with a Roman numeral when writing out the compound name. This is because they can have more than one charge and make more than one compound. Example: FeCl2 and FeCl3. Fe = Iron; Cl2 = Chloride -2;  Cl3 = Chloride -3. The names would be iron(II) chloride and iron(III) chloride.

Summary in Russian:

Выясните, что делает соединение ионным. Составьте имя. Научитесь определять металлы переменной валентности.


Article in English: Iron from the points of the collar inward to back of neck. Do the underside of the collar as well. Position your ironing board inside the shirt and into the arm. If your ironing board does not have a small board to insert into the sleeves, then put the sleeve on top of the ironing board, both sides together flat, and iron.  Turn the shirt to iron the backside.  Reposition for the opposite shoulder. Then turn the shirt, and do the rear side of the yoke and shoulders Turn the shirt to press the other side. Align the sleeve following the bottom seam as guide. Press carefully, moving both layers of fabric flat as the iron glides across front surface of sleeve. Repeat for the other sleeve. Turn the shirt to do the other side of sleeve. Ensure that you pull the iron across the fabric in one direction only, away from where you are holding it down so that the creases are mildly stretched out of the fabric. Press from the bottom tail progressing upward to the collar. Do not allow puckers or folds to press into fabric. Turn the shirt to iron the inside of the body of shirt also. Press from the tail progressing upward to the collar. Press as before. Press as before.

Summary in Russian:

Ровно разложите воротник на гладильной доске и приложите утюг, надавив на него. Погладьте заднюю вставку и плечи. Для рубашек с длинным рукавом, прогладьте манжеты, также как воротник. Разложите ровно один рукав на доске. Разложите переднюю часть с петельками на квадратном конце гладильной доски. Переверните рубашку, так чтобы одна половина спины была на доске. Переверните рубашку на вторую половину спины. Переверните рубашку на последнюю часть - переднюю половину с пуговицами. Повесьте поглаженную рубашку на плечики.


Article in English: Iron is an important element in hemoglobin production. If you’re suffering from low hemoglobin count, increase your consumption of iron-rich foods such as:  Seafood like shrimp and clams Lean meats, like chicken and beef Tofu Eggs Green leafy vegetables like spinach Certain fruits like pineapple, apples, and pomegranates Beans and other legumes Nuts like almonds. These should be eaten with precaution to avoid having an allergic reaction. Vitamin C can facilitate iron absorption in the body.  It can be acquired by consuming these fruits and vegetables:  Oranges Mangoes Tangerines Strawberries Cabbage Broccoli Peppers Spinach. Folic acids are vital in red blood cell production. Foods that are rich in folic acids include:  Seeds Peanuts Wheat germ Sprouts Broccoli Nuts If your diet also includes lots of vitamin C, it is advised to eat a little more folic acid since Vitamin C makes the body excrete folic acid. Cereals, pastas and breads made from whole grains are enriched with iron. As we discussed, iron is a main component in the production of hemoglobin (the blood needs it to form the proteins). Eating these foods can up your iron levels, in turn upping your hemoglobin level. Stay away from white breads, cereals, and pastas. These have had their nutrients processed out of them, also resulting in them losing their color. They offer little nutritional benefit and are often full of simple carbohydrates, or sugars. Avoid iron blockers – these are food items that can block the body’s ability to absorb iron. Examples of iron-blocking foods and substances are:  Parsley Coffee Milk Tea Colas Over the counter antacids Fiber and calcium-rich foods Alcohol like wine and beer Gluten is a form of protein that can be obtained from grains. For some individuals with gluten-sensitive enteropathy, the intake of foods containing gluten can damage the lining of the small intestine, which in turn can cause impairment in nutrient absorption including calcium, fat, folate and iron. Nowadays, having a gluten-free diet doesn't have to...

Summary in Russian:

Ешьте продукты, богатые железом. Повысьте уровень потребления витамина С. Ешьте больше продуктов, богатых фолиевой кислотой. Ешьте цельнозерновые продукты. Постарайтесь не употреблять продукты, которые связывают железо. Постарайтесь есть меньше глютена (клейковины).


Article in English: Iron needs vary during different stages of life and for men and women. Young children, adolescents experiencing growth spurts, menstruating women, and pregnant women often have elevated iron needs. Many infants are given iron supplements or fed iron-fortified formula to achieve adequate iron levels. Anemic individuals or people taking antacids also may require iron supplements to ensure adequate intake. Your doctor can help you decide whether you need additional iron supplements.  In most cases, adequate iron intake can be achieved through the diet or through a standard multi-vitamin. Pregnant women taking prenatal vitamins may already be receiving iron supplementation. In many cases, a simple blood test can give immediate feedback on your current iron levels and alert you to a potential deficiency.  To confirm an actual deficiency or anemia, additional blood tests must be conducted. These can help determine whether the deficiency is caused by inadequate intake or another medical condition. The people most at risk of iron deficiency are pregnant women, infants and young children, women with heavy menstrual bleeding, frequent blood donors, and people with cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, or heart failure. People who live in developing countries are also at higher risk. Many iron supplements are available for purchase without a prescription.  Depending on your needs, a single low-dose supplement each day may help you achieve adequate intake. Remember that supplements are only necessary to make up the difference between your dietary intake and your iron needs. Infant iron supplement drops and other specialty supplements often require a prescription from a physician or nurse practitioner.

Summary in Russian:

Проконсультируйтесь с медиками. Проверьте уровень железа в крови. Доверьтесь фармацевтам.


Article in English: Iron supplements can make you  more constipated. You do need to be on them for your baby, but you should make sure you're not taking too much. You might also be able to try a different kind of iron to help with your constipation. Stool softeners do exactly what they sound like: they make your stools softer, making it easier to go. Ask your doctor if it is safe for you to take them. Usually, it's easiest to go to the bathroom after you eat. Therefore, try spending some time in the bathroom to try to help your digestion along. Also, if you feel the need to go, take the time then. Don't try to hold it, as that may increase your constipation. These pills can be dangerous while you're pregnant. For one, they can make you dehydrated. For another, they can cause your uterus to contract. Therefore, you shouldn't take them unless directed by a doctor.

Summary in Russian:

Спросите врача, нужно ли вам принимать добавки железа. Проконсультируйтесь с врачом и спросите о безопасных послабляющих препаратах для беременных. После приема пищи наберите себе ванну. Не пейте слабительных средств.


Article in English: Ironically, being hot means being cool. It’s a likeable quality to have that attracts people to you because of your laid back demeanour. A few cool things to do:  Don’t try so hard. Or at least look like you’re not trying so hard. It gives the impression that you’re so smooth, you can get want you want without even trying. If you fidget a lot, bite your lip, stumble in your speech or am just generally nervous, try feeling cool. It’s hard to monitor or stop the nervous little ticks our body does  when we're nervous so the best way to go about it is from the inside out. Feel cool and your body language will follow.  Be a little rebellious. Sometimes a little rule breaking or risk-taking is very cool and makes you appear powerful. But don't do anything illegal! There are many ways to be sexy and look sexy. Try:  Wearing red. There have been numerous studies that the colour red is the sexiest colour. Something in our human brains are highly attracted to the colour. Smiling. Looking happy and approachable is very sexy. So flash does pearly whites! Making strong eye contact. This is a highly confident move that draws people in. Pair it up with a smile or flirtatious look to amp up the sexiness. Flirting. It’s a sexy and fun way to communicate with someone you’re interested in. Subtly draw attention to your body or tease your target with flirtatious looks or bold compliments. The worst thing you can do is brag about how hot you are. Modesty and being gracious to others are attractive qualities. The most confident people are those who are able to build others up.  Give compliments. If you want to attract someone’s attention, pay them a genuine compliment. Don’t brag and look down on others. The attention that comes with being hot can easily develop into a large ego. Your friends, family and other people will be turned off by someone who constantly needs to prove they’re hot or thinks too highly of themselves.

Summary in Russian:

Проявляйте невозмутимость. Подчеркните свою сексуальную привлекательность. Будьте скромным.


Article in English: Ironically, having a perfect day means starting the night before! It's harder to enjoy yourself if you're drowsy from lack of sleep and, if you have to take a nap in the middle of the day, you'll miss out on time that you could be spending doing something more important. Try to get a full night's rest the night before your big day — though everyone's sleep needs are different, most adults need about seven to nine hours per night. Ideally, getting enough sleep isn't something you should give up on the day after your "lovely day" — insufficient sleep has been linked to a variety of health problems, including obesity and heart disease. If you're like most people, when you roll out of bed in the morning, you jump right into the shower or drag yourself off to work without a moment's notice. Today, instead, start slow with a good, thorough stretching session. Stretching loosens up your body, increases the blood flow to the muscles, and helps clear your mind at the start of the day. Plus, it just plain feels good, so, to start your morning right, don't skip this simple treat.  If you'd like, you can even start stretching in bed before you open your eyes. Lift-up your palm and stretch out each of the finger. Take up your wrist and then your arm for the stretch. Do the same for the other arm. Progress next to your toes, feet, ankles, and both of your legs. For extra effect, try listening to your some music while you stretch. Tuning in to your favorite Dvorak symphony or grooving into some Bob Marley jams can help you focus on your stretches and get you in a great mood to start your day. If you work an average nine-to-five, there's a good chance that the word "breakfast" has come to mean "whatever you can grab on the way out the door" for you. Today, try something different: take the time to make a filling and nutritious breakfast. There's no "right" breakfast to start your day with — whatever you choose to eat is a matter of personal taste — but below we've listed a good all-purpose breakfast that should be satisfying...

Summary in Russian:

Постарайтесь хорошо выспаться накануне. Начните день с зарядки. Приготовьте питательный завтрак. Выберите удобную одежду. Займитесь физкультурой. Уделите время своим хобби.  Напишите письмо Почитайте книгу.


Article in English: Irritability is one of the most common signs of teen depression. This can be a general ‘cranky’ mood that can also come with mood swings that lead her into sadness. She might ‘snap’ at you more often than usual and may seem generally unhappy. She may also suddenly spiral into deep sadness, or cry often out of both annoyance and sadness. For instance, if your teen is normally happy and pleasant, but has suddenly become moody or unreasonably angry or sad about a lot of things, she could be depressed. Another sign of depression is a sudden lack of interest in activities and things that she used to have a passion for. While this could also mean that she is just outgrowing a certain activity, losing interest in many activities that she has shown a great love for in the past should be a red flag. For example, if your daughter has had a passion for soccer for many years, but suddenly has no energy or desire to go to practice, this could be a sign of depression. If you have noticed a sudden and drastic change in your daughter’s eating habits, you should keep track of any further changes. Monitor how much (or how little) your daughter eats while at the dinner table. Ask yourself is she:  Eating more than usual? Eating less than usual or having to be coaxed into eating? Showing a disinterest (rather than a dislike) of the food in front of her? Depression can lead to feels of exhaustion but can also lead to restlessness. If your daughter is suddenly very restless or unable to sleep at night, but seemingly always tired, you may have reason to be concerned. Changes in sleep can include:  Extreme trouble waking up in the morning. Exhaustion throughout the day. Sleeping much more than usual, such as sleeping pretty much any time she does not absolutely have to be awake. Excessive sleeping is defined as anything over 9 hours a day. Physical agitation is when a person has a hard time staying still. If your teen is pacing a lot, shaking her arms or legs, or simply being unable to sit down, she is exhibiting signs of physical...

Summary in Russian:

Если вы заметили признаки раздражительности, которые длятся дольше, чем две недели, это повод задуматься. Предложите ей позаниматься ее любимыми занятиями. Проанализируйте привычки питания вашего ребенка. Проанализируйте режим сна вашей дочери. Обратите внимание на признаки физического возбуждения. Слушайте ребенка. Следите за оценками и успеваемостью в школе. Обратите внимание, если ваша дочь часто жалуется на физическую боль. Обратитесь за профессиональной помощью немедленно, если вы заметили признаки суицидального поведения у своего ребенка.


Article in English: Is her goal to stay up for 24 hours? For 48 hours? Studies show that writing down goals improves achievement of the goal. Research shows that when people break their goals down into smaller chunks, they complete the goals more quickly and accurately. Help your friend look at this challenge as an hourly goal or break it down even further, to minutes. Goals might be: Stay awake for one more hour, until 2am. When that goal has been reached, the next goal might be the same: Stay awake for one more hour, until 3am. Staying awake for one more hour (or 15 or 30 minutes) seems more manageable and easier to accomplish than staying awake for 24 or 12 hours. Oftentimes, repeating a mantra can help focus the mind on something other than the difficult experience at hand. Good mantras are short, encouraging, and rhythmic.  Make up a mantra. Use someone else’s mantra and repeat it. Try out, “Feeling strong, feeling good," or, “Looking good, feeling good, oughta be in Hollywood.”

Summary in Russian:

Помогите другу написать цель. Разбейте цель на небольшие, более выполнимые кусочки. Повторяйте и проговаривайте мантру.


Article in English: Is it a particular relationship that is making you feel useless? Are you feeling useless because of a certain situation you have no control over? Do you feel useless because you don't feel like you're contributing to society in all the ways that you could? Identifying the cause of the feeling is the first step towards changing your life.  One way to explore your feelings is to write in a journal. Think about these questions as you write, and try to figure out what's bothering you. Alternatively, try talking over your problems with a trusted friend. Sometimes saying what you're feeling out loud can help you figure out what's wrong. Figure out what you're good at by exploring different hobbies and reading books. Seek out what makes you happy and what you can contribute with those skills so that you're offering something to the world.  One way to explore interests is to take community college classes. These classes are relatively cheap, so you can spend a semester deciding if you really are passionate about an interest. Many community colleges offer night and weekend classes if you work full time. Alternatively, try classes at your local museums if you're interested in art or history. Another way to explore interests is to pick up a book from the local library. The books are free, and you can take your time learning about your interest. If you want to meet other people with the same interest, look on social media websites like Meetup and Facebook to find people in your area with the same interest. Buy someone a cup of coffee. Bring your loved one her slippers without being asked. Offer a parking place to someone who looks stressed. The little things you do to help people every day can help you feel needed. Volunteering is not only a solid way to make you feel useful, but you'll also be helping people out along the way. Choose something you love for your volunteerism. If you love books, offer time at the library. If you like working with kids, offer to read to kids at your local YMCA after school. Focus on what's...

Summary in Russian:

Попробуйте определить первопричину этого чувства. Найдите свое увлечение. Делайте что-то приятное каждый день. Станьте волонтером в своем городе. Развивайте признательность. Говорите с собой в позитивном ключе. Принимайте комплименты. Участвуйте в тех делах, которые вам небезразличны. Постарайтесь не медлить. Заботьтесь о себе.


Article in English: Is it a word problem? Fraction? Quadratic equation? Determine what categorization best fits your math problem before you move forward. Taking the time to identify your problem type is essential to finding the best way to solve the problem. Even if the problem seems simple, read it very carefully. Don't just skim the problem and attempt to solve it. If the problem is complex, you may need to reread the problem multiple times before you fully understand it. Just take your time and don’t move on until you feel confident that you know what the problem is asking you to do. To help wrap your mind around the problem that you are facing, it may help you to say or write it out into your own words. You can simply say it or write it out if you in a situation where you cannot speak out loud, such as during a test. Check what you have said or written against the original problem to make sure that you are representing the problem accurately. If you think it will help with the type of problem you are facing, create a visual representation of the problem to help determine what you need to do next. The drawing does not have to be elaborate, it can simply be a shape or shapes with numbers. Consult the problem as you draw and check your drawing against the problem after you have finished. Ask yourself, “Does my drawing accurately represent the problem?” If it does, then you can move forward. If not, start over by rereading the problem.  Draw a Venn diagram. A Venn diagram shows the relationships among the numbers in your problem. Venn diagrams can be especially helpful with word problems.   Draw a graph or chart.   Arrange the components of the problem on a line.   Draw simple shapes to represent more complex features of the problem. Sometimes you can identify a pattern or patterns in a math problem simply by reading the problem carefully. You can also create a table to help you identify a pattern or patterns in the problem. Take notes on any patterns that you identify in the problem. These patterns can help you to solve the...

Summary in Russian:

Определите, к какому типу относится задача. Внимательно прочитайте условие задачи. Изложите условие задачи. Изобразите задачу графически. Изучите структуру задачи. Изучите сделанные пометки.


Article in English: Is it possible your smile actually adds something special to your look? Everyone can pay to get straight white teeth, but that would get a little boring. Try to embrace your smile as a unique part of yourself that you're proud to show off. Got a gap in your teeth? A snaggle tooth? Are your teeth crooked? Try owning it instead of being embarrassed. Think like Anna Paquin, Jewel Kilcher and Hugh Grant, celebrities who have capitalized on their adorably quirky smiles, embracing what makes them unique. This isn't easy to do, but try to stop thinking about what you look like when you smile. If you're worried about your teeth, it's going to show in your expression, and your smile will look unnatural and won't have a positive effect. Instead of thinking about how you look when you smile, focus on what you're smiling about.  Meeting someone new? Think about how excited you are to get to know someone who could become a great friend or business colleague. Did someone make you laugh? Let yourself heartily enjoy the joke, instead of catching yourself before you smile too big. Do your best not to let your negative feelings about your smile impact how you express joy. When you smile happily, the positive vibes of your attitude can totally outweigh your looks. Giving a half-smile or looking solemn a lot will actually draw more attention to what you're trying to hide. You can take steps to feel more confident about your smile, like whitening your teeth and figuring out you best angle, but ultimately, letting yourself express uninhibited joy is the best way to have an infectious smile.

Summary in Russian:

Относитесь к своим зубам как к яркому модному аксессуару. Попробуйте забыть о том, как вы выглядите. Улыбайтесь радостно.


Article in English: Is it to persuade your reader of something? Is it to convey an experience? Is it to present a critical analysis of a text or image? Knowing your goal will help you decide how to navigate your ideas. The best way to start an essay is to get your ideas out in a non-essay format to begin with. Prewriting can take many different forms, and you may want to experiment to find one that helps you the most.   Freewriting, a process in which you just write what you are thinking about without worrying about grammar or punctuation or even your central argument, may be a good way to start generating ideas. It could also help you “find” your thesis.  A simple list may be all you need. Write a list of the subtopics or specifics you want to include in the essay. A mind map may be a helpful prewriting guide for visual learners. The center of the mind map contains your main argument, or thesis, and other ideas branch off in all directions. As you write, think about what you might need if you were reading the essay. If it's a history essay, what context would you need about your topic? If it's a narrative essay, what information would you need to feel as though you had experienced the event? One of the biggest causes of writer's block is striving for perfection before you've written a word. Don't censor yourself as you prewrite. Try to avoid negative thoughts such as "This doesn't make any sense" or "I can't express what I want to say." Just write everything down! If you have used one of the prewriting methods listed above, reorganize the content and add detail by creating an outline. A traditional outline is a great format for getting out ideas in detail and organizing your entire essay.  Begin each section of your outline with the main point.  Indicate each section with a roman numeral (For example, I. Puppies are cute. II. Puppies are fun to play with.) Provide at least two sub-points for your main point.  Indicate each sub-point with a capital letter (For example, A. Puppies look cute, B. Puppies act cute.) Provide at least...

Summary in Russian:

Учитывайте цель эссе. Используйте предварительное письмо. Учитывайте свою аудиторию. Поймите, что предварительный текст не должен быть идеальным. Напишите традиционный план. Перечитайте свой план.


Article in English: Is the atmosphere similar to earth, where the inhabitants can breathe in the air comfortably? Or is the atmosphere more gaseous or toxic, similar to a planet like Saturn? Describe how the atmosphere looks, smells, and feels. Consider the weather. Is it the same in every part of the world? Is it warmer or cooler in certain spots? Does the weather change daily? Weekly? Monthly? Specify where the world is located within the larger universe. Is the world close to other worlds? Is it far away from other worlds? Is the world surrounded by meteors or space ships? For example, your world could be at the center of a solar system consisting of inhabitable planets. Or it could be surrounded by a meteor field. Decide if there is only one landscape on the world or many different landscapes. Is one landscape swampy, humid, and warm all the time? Is another landscape closer to a desert or a tundra? Is the landscape a combination of different climates?  Are there mountains, oceans and lakes in the world? Is there only barren land in the world? Focus on the landscape where your main character lives first. Then, branch out to describe the surrounding landscapes or areas where they travel to. It may help to draw a map of the landscapes in the world. You can then use this map as a guide when you write your story. Determine if the inhabitants of the world are human as well as animal. Maybe half the population are alien inhabitants and the other half are human inhabitants. List all the main inhabitants of the world so you know who lives in the fictional world.  For example, one area could be populated by elves and another area could be populated by dwarves. You should also consider animals and wildlife in the world. Are there animals that look like animals on earth? Is there wildlife all over the world or only in certain areas? Decide how the inhabitants of the world eat and survive. Does food grow from trees or in fields? Do the inhabitants get power and electricity from the world? If so, does it come from water in the world or...

Summary in Russian:

Определите атмосферу и погоду в мире. Определите расположение мира. Опишите местность в этом мире. Составьте список жителей этого мира. Определите ключевые ресурсы и источники пищи в мире.


Article in English: Is the person having difficulty breathing? Is the person unable to talk, grabbing and flailing their arms in the air? Is the person turning pale or bluish around the lips? For any of these symptoms, call emergency services, such as by dialing 911 in the United States, because this is an emergency. Running a fever with a cough is also an indication that something may be wrong and the person may require medical attention. If the person has a fever above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.8 degrees Celsius), then call a doctor.   A fever indicates that you have a serious underlying infection or virus that needs to be treated.  If you have a low grade fever, one below 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.8 degrees Celsius), then call your doctor if it lasts for more than 72 hours. If you have a fever of 103 degrees Fahrenheit (39.4 degrees Celsius) or above, then this is a medical emergency and you should call emergency services immediately. If the sputum (phlegm) is green, yellow, red, or brown, this indicates an infection or inflammation and you will need to contact a physician. When you suffer from a wet, productive cough, you produce phlegm. Phlegm is produced when your lungs are inflamed or if you have an infection. When you have a productive cough, you need to keep a close eye on what your phlegm looks like. This can give you a clue that your cough is more serious. Look for any red streaks in your phlegm. This indicates that there is blood in your phlegm. If you notice blood, go see your doctor right away or get to an emergency room.  When you are sick, cough out your phlegm into a tissue or napkin so you can examine it.  If your phlegm is clear, it is considered normal. This change of color means you may have an underlying infection that may cause problems. Breathing problems go hand in hand with serious coughs, since both deal with the lungs. If you have any difficulty breathing because you can't stop coughing or can't take a deep breath after you cough, you should call for emergency services. Also look for bluish or grey...

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание на качество дыхания. Измерьте температуру. Обратите внимание на цвет мокроты. Обратите внимание на проблемы с дыханием. Обратите внимание на общие симптомы. Обратите внимание на кашель, если он не проходит. Знайте, что у вас может быть инфекция верхних дыхательных путей.


Article in English: Is the unit simply not working at all, is it not cooling the air much, or is it simply blowing around warm air? the condenser (for an outdoor unit) or air handler/furnace (indoor unit) are not running.  Make sure it's plugged in. This may seem obvious, but there are occasions when this is exactly the problem. Whether kids, dogs, or an accidental tap with the vacuum cleaner, the plug could be partially or completely dislodged. Check the circuit breakers and fuses. Make sure they are in place, turned on, and functioning properly. Circuits, especially with older homes, are easily overloaded if the air conditioner shares a circuit with appliances such as irons, refrigerators, or microwaves. Check your thermostat (cooling control) and make sure it is set to cool at the current temperature, and working properly. As with plugs, sometimes settings can change by accident. This can cause low air flow which allows ice to form, and thus causes low cooling performance. Repair or replace the blower belt. Allow the ice to melt before restarting the AC unit. If they are caked with dust and debris, clean them thoroughly. Make sure you let any ice melt before restarting your unit. If you've verified that everything is connected, powered, set up properly, and clean, it may be time to call the service department.

Summary in Russian:

Оцените проблему. Если не работает совсем: Проверьте ремень вентилятора - не провисает ли он, нет ли повреждений или разрывов, вращается ли вентилятор? Проверьте теплообменник и фильтры. Позвоните в сервисную компанию.


Article in English: Is there a certain area on the body that is itchier than others? Does your pet lick his feet, under his tail or along his belly? The most common areas of irritation for allergic dogs are around the back and tail, the abdomen, and the legs and paws. It can be common that your dog’s itching is so severe that he chews his skin to the point of creating a “hot spot”. This skin lesion can develop overnight and can get very large very quickly. The skin is pink, moist, hot and painful. You may even see sticky material oozing from the wound created. These are infected open wounds and need veterinary intervention to give your pet relief.  Chronic cases of itching might result in the thickening and roughening of the skin so that it looks like elephant hide. Hot spots are often the symptom of allergies to fleas, foods, grass, mold or other environmental substances. There may be more complicated underlying conditions such as low thyroid (hypothyroidism) levels or Cushing’s disease (hyperadrenocorticism).  Secondary bacterial and yeast (malassezia) infections are not uncommon and will require specially tailored treatment. There might be a particular time of year that your dog is itchier. Perhaps he is itchy after being on the lawn or after eating a certain food. By noticing patterns, you will help to narrow the focus of your pet’s treatment to help with the itching. If your dog has a really strong body odor, seems excessively thirsty or does not seem as lively as usual, you should take your pet to the veterinarian. Your veterinarian will need to do blood tests and evaluate swabs from the skin surface to get more information to help define appropriate treatment. Whenever you notice your dog itching, write down the circumstances, including where your dog has been, what he’s been eating and what part of his body is itchy. This will be extremely useful for your veterinarian, who will rely on this information to narrow down the possible causes for your pet’s itching and skin lesions.

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание на то, какие части тела животного больше подвержены зуду. Осмотрите животное, нет ли у него каких-то ярких пятен на коже? Наблюдайте за временем проявления зуда. Следите за общим состоянием здоровья животного. Каждый раз, когда видите, что собака чешется, делайте заметки.


Article in English: Is there a legitimate reason that you feel like you may be fired?  Look for evidence at the office that may suggest your job is in peril.  If you can’t find any, then it’s likely that your fears are all in your head and you have nothing to worry about.  Some signs that your employer might be preparing to let you go include:  Your workload subsides. There’s new management that wants to take the company in a new direction. Your manager is suddenly avoiding you. You’re no longer asked to attend important meetings. Your boss is hyper-critical of your work. If you can’t find any concrete proof that your job is at risk, try to find the source of your fears.  Your fears may be the result of past personal experiences.  Identifying the cause of irrational fear can be the first step in mitigating it.  Were you blindsided when you were let go from a former employer without notice? Did you watch a friend or family member go through a painful time after losing a job? Do you see being fired as a poor evaluation of your self-worth? If you feel like your fear of being fired is reasonable, see how your co-workers feel about their own job security.  You may be surprised to find out that many of them have the same worries you do.  Some employers do use the fear of being fired in a misguided attempt to keep their employees in line.  If you feel like your company is manipulating you, you may want to start searching for a new place to work. Don’t complain to your co-workers.  It could get back to your boss. Politely ask your boss for a private meeting to discuss your concerns.  Let your boss know that you care about your position and want to perform your duties to the best of your ability.  Your boss will likely be impressed by your initiative and may be able to put your mind at ease.  Offer to take on extra projects that could lighten your boss’ work load. Realize the treatment from your boss is rarely personal.  Your boss is likely focused on the big picture of your company growth rather than your performance. Bring in a list of...

Summary in Russian:

Оцените свою ситуацию. Отправьте свой страх туда, где ему самое место. Поговорите с коллегами. Поговорите со своим начальником.


Article in English: Is there a particular goal you're trying to achieve but you feel certain obstacles are getting in the way?  Maybe you want to become an early riser, but have a habit of sleeping really late.  Maybe your once-stellar musical skills are deteriorating because of lack of practice. Or perhaps you're trying to lose weight, but don't like to exercise. Set some time aside to think through this so that you can narrow down your goal-setting. Visualization is key to successful goal-setting. For one, you must think clearly about your goals and clarify what they look like. Then, you must surround yourself - either physically or mentally - with these goals.  One specific form of visualization that has been shown to be very effective at helping you reach goals is called process simulation. This tactic involves envisioning yourself taking the necessary steps to accomplish a goal, rather than just imagining the end result.  Other ways to practice visualization can be done through daily meditation or by creating a vision board of your goals. This can be done in table form, either by hand or by using a PC package such as MS Word or Excel.  Don't worry about filling it in at this point. That's next! Consider adding a relevant goal title at the top of this form, such as Workout Regularly. After doing that add the following column headings in sequence:  Action Time to Begin Potential Problems Strategies to Overcome Potential Problems Progress Report Once done, fill in the column boxes under the appropriate headings. Actions will be the steps you must attempt to work towards your goal. After you come up with some meaningful action steps. think of a time to start your new self-discipline goal.  Your action steps could be anything from limiting time spent on unproductive activities that keep you from completing your workout, or making sure your gym clothes are already laid out the night before. If thinking of ideas is something you are finding difficult, brainstorming is a helpful technique for this. You might also find that asking a...

Summary in Russian:

Задумайтесь, зачем вам необходима дисциплина. Визуализируйте стоящую перед вами цель. Подготовьте план действий. Приготовьтесь действовать и решите, когда начать это делать. Постарайтесь предугадать потенциальные проблемы и придумать стратегию их преодоления. Регулярно составляйте отчет о выполнении действий и не забывайте пересматривать свой план. Пересмотрите свои ошибки.


Article in English: Is there a specific message you wish to get across or a mood you hope to convey? Keep track of your thoughts and ideas in a journal, on your computer, or in a notes app on your phone. As you begin choreographing, refer to these early brainstorming sessions for inspiration and direction. Get inspired by other performances. Devote sometime to watching street performers, YouTube videos, and classical recitals. Watch old musicals and modern music videos. When choreographing a dance, it is important to know your audience. Who are you performing for? What kind of dance are they expecting? As a choreographer, it is also essential that you take the venue and event into consideration. Will the dancers be on a stage, on a gym floor, or outdoors? Will your piece be performed at a recital or at the halftime of your high school’s basketball game? The answers to these questions will influence the content of your dance number. There are hundreds of styles to choose between. You could choreograph a hip-hop routine or a fiery flamenco. Pick a style that suits your skills and the talents of your dancers. If you’re feeling daring, try creating a mash-up. Combine and mesh multiple styles into one stellar routine. Choose a style that is fun and that you and your dancers are comfortable with. Selecting a song that complements the dance style is essential. While classical songs work well for ballet, hip-hop routines generally require more modern tunes. The song should inspire your creativity, motivate you to move, and intrigue your audience.  Don’t be afraid to select an out-of-the-box song. Sometimes taking a risk can be very rewarding. Listen to new artists or artists from different countries. View dance covers of the song. Watch videos of other people dancing to the song. Get some ideas from them, but if you want to keep it original, don't copy the dance. Are you creating a beautiful solo or a daring duet? Do you feel inspired to create a complex group number or a dance simple enough for a flash mob? Decide how many dancers you...

Summary in Russian:

Хорошо обдумайте танцевальную программу. Учитывайте место вашего будущего выступления, повод и зрителей. Определитесь со стилем. Выберите песню. Определитесь с количеством танцоров.


Article in English: Is there anyone who is talking to you more than normal or looking at you in a flirty way? Is there someone who acts awkward around you but looks like they're trying to hide it? Try to notice whether anyone has been staring in your direction a lot. If so, pay a little bit more attention to them. Look into their eyes and give a sly smile. If this person shows any more signs of attraction, he or she might be your admirer. Create a web of information to help you find your secret admirer more quickly. Reach out to your friends for help, and see if they can give you any clues. Even if they don't outright know who your admirer is, they might have heard some gossip that points you in the right direction. Be careful who you tell about your secret admirer—some friends might take the opportunity to give you unreliable information, to gossip about your situation, or even to forge "secret admirer" notes of their own. If someone left a note or delivery at your doorstep, ask your neighbors if they saw the deliverer. If so, ask for the deliverer's physical appearance. If you think you have found your secret admirer, the surest way to know is to ask. It may be better to ask and be wrong than to not ask and never know. Keep in mind that if your admirer is keeping her identity a secret, she is probably shy about talking to you directly. Don't confront this person loudly, in public. Be gentle, tactful, and open-minded.  Look at their eyes when you ask. See if you can spot any visible changes. Do you see the person's pupils getting smaller? Any signs of blushing or flushing, or the maybe-admirer moving his or her head back slightly? If the person repeatedly denies that they are your secret admirer, then they're probably telling the truth. Do not push them. Keep looking. You don't need to flat-out ask "Do you like me?" Try something more subtle, like "I've been finding these really sweet notes in my locker this week, with the most beautiful drawings on them. Do you know anything about that?" Try asking your suspected admirer...

Summary in Russian:

Взгляните вокруг. Поспрашивайте своих знакомых. Подумайте о том, чтобы напрямую спросить своего тайного поклонника. Будьте тактичны. Уважайте личное пространство своего поклонника. Ответьте своему поклоннику взаимностью или отвергните его. Не стоит слишком эмоционально реагировать.


Article in English: Is there something you've always wanted to learn, but didn't think you could? Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new. Here are some suggestions:  Learn to play a musical instrument. Take up singing or dancing. Try a new art form like photography or knitting. In most places, summer is a great time of year for outdoor sports, as long as you can stand the heat. If you don't have a favorite sport yet, there's no better time to pick one up.  Get friends together or join a class to play team sports such as soccer (association football), basketball, or field hockey. Find an activity for one or two people, like surfing, urban golf, or tennis. . Get some friends over and brainstorm a movie idea. This can be anything from a science fiction story, to a competitive cooking show, to a music video. If you get into the project, it can provide weeks of fun planning a storyboard, costumes, recruiting extras, and editing the film. You could also come up with an idea for a series of smaller videos, and start a Youtube channel. tart a radioshow. Get a recording program or a tape recorder and start your own show. Write up a list of things you want to include on your show: music, jokes, interviews, advertisements, fake or genuine news commentary, etc. Arts and crafts projects can take time and patience you don't have during the school year, but they're perfect for summertime. Here are some ideas:   Fold a paper heart. You can cut out heart-shaped notes for your loved ones, or get some square origami paper and try to make a fancier version. There are many more origami projects to try as well.  Make rainbow crayons, or try melting crayons on hot rocks to make art.  Make your own slime or play dough. Use these strange-feeling materials for pranks, or just to play with for fun.  Make a Solar Hot Air Balloon. These balloons can travel hundreds of miles in a day, and are easy to make. There are more games out there than you could ever learn in a lifetime, but summer gives you the opportunity to pick one and...

Summary in Russian:

Найдите новое хобби. Займитесь спортом. Снимите фильм Придумайте радиошоу. Сделайте что-нибудь своими руками. Добейтесь мастерства в сложной игре. Научитесь готовить.


Article in English: Is there something you've been wanting or trying to do, but can't seem to get the courage up? Whether it's asking an acquaintance out for a drink, apologizing to a loved one after a long period of misunderstanding, or simply being friendly to a co-worker, stop thinking about acting and actually do something. Boldness is the opposite of hesitation. Whenever you're feeling hesitant in interactions with others, or in making a decision for yourself, learn to swallow your pride and make the first move. Bold people aren't afraid of trying new things, and one of the reasons they're so exciting to be around is that they keep you guessing. This could be something new for you, like salsa dancing or learning to water ski. Whatever you do, be sure to do it for yourself, not other people. Doing something new and unexpected might make you vulnerable or afraid. Don't give in to those feelings. Instead, accept the newness of the skill and don't be afraid to be yourself. Ultimately, boldness has to do with understanding your strengths and weaknesses, then moving beyond them. Don't try to hide your problems or failures, but accept them as part of you. This will allow you to confidently move forward, appreciating your uniqueness. Realize that you don't have to do random, uncharacteristic things to discover who you are. Avoid making any uncharacteristic changes just to shock people. Be honest with yourself. If you were to switch places with somebody you admire for their assertiveness and boldness, what would they do in your shoes? If you already know someone who's bold, imagine how they'd act. Your bold inspiration doesn't have to be real. You could even think of a character from a movie or book who's daring and brave. Then, imagine their boldness in your life. If someone asks you to do something you don't want to do, refuse. Saying "No" will reinvigorate your individuality and help you to feel bold, ensuring that you're ready and willing to go out and get what you want. Don't feel like you have to make up an excuse or...

Summary in Russian:

Перестаньте колебаться и сделайте что-то! Сделайте что-то неожиданное. Найдите себя. Представьте, что вы уже совершенно уверенный в себе человек. Научитесь говорить «нет». Действуйте!


Article in English: Is this a party to celebrate a birthday or an international party holiday (e.g. New Year's Eve, Halloween)? Or maybe you were just thinking of throwing a Friday-night house party to get together with your friends. Things to consider with each reason: age appropriateness, decorations, theme for dressing, location, food, beverages, who you should invite, and just how many people you'd like to invite.   Birthday parties: Some examples of prominent ages to celebrate with a great party are: 10-12, 16, 18, and 21.  Holiday parties: These parties are centered close to or on the date of a national holiday. New Year's Eve, St. Patrick's Day, and Halloween are the most prominent of holidays that are celebrated with a wild party!  After-parties: An after-party is just that--a party that is thrown after a concert or show.  Mixer/Singles parties: These parties are for the single and ready to mingle!  Sports parties: A sports party is often placed on the day that the Super Bowl takes place or generally during certain sports seasons.  House parties: House parties are simple, laid-back parties to just get friends together and to have a good time. These types of parties are often thrown on Friday and Saturday nights. With each type of party, it is important to keep in mind the age limit and attitude of each party. For example, a birthday party for a 16-year-old is very different than a singles party or a New Year's Eve party. When throwing a party for someone who is under the age of 18, keep it clean, non-sexual, and with several fun activities to do. Or, better yet, throw it at a place that hosts young and teenage parties such as an amusement park, an arcade, a pizza place, etc. The age of the attendees should determine just about everything. Fewer guests should be in attendance (can you imagine 20 8-year-olds running around your house?), there needs to be more scheduled things to do, and the length of the party should be shorter as the attendees get younger. According to the idea behind the party, consider where you are...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте, зачем вы хотите устроить вечеринку. Подумайте о том, люди какого возраста будут на вашей вечеринке. Подумайте о месте проведения вечеринки. Определитесь со списком гостей. Определите максимальное число участников вашей тусовки.


Article in English: Is your body shape more pear, apple, or avocado? We tend to gain weight as we age, and a person's shape and particularly their waist-to-hip ratio is a quick way to assess body fat distribution, which can indicate possible health risks like high blood pressure, diabetes, and stroke, and some kinds of cancer. Divide your hip measurement (in inches) by your waist measurement (in inches) and then divide the two numbers. Make sure to measure your waist from about two inches above the navel and your hips from their widest point.  For waist-to-hip measurement, a ratio of more than 1.0 for men and .85 for women indicates that you are carrying a more than ideal amount of body fat around your mid-section.  Add 1 to your score if you exceed the recommended ratio. Your body mass index or BMI is another way to measure your body's makeup, dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters. A high BMI can indicate a high amount of body fat, leaving you susceptible to obesity-related health problems. To calculate your BMI, first multiply your weight in pounds by .45 to convert to kilograms. Multiply your height in inches by .025 to convert it to meters. Square your height (i.e. multiply it by itself), and lastly divide your weight in kilograms by your height squared. This is your BMI. A result of 25 or over is considered overweight.  For the non-mathematically inclined, you can also find websites online like this one that will calculate for you. Add 1 to your score if your BMI is under 18.5 (underweight). Add 2 is it is between 25-29.9 (overweight) and 3 if it is more than 30 (obese). Subtract 1 if you fall between 18.5 and 25 (healthy). The most accurate way to judge your body composition – more so than either hip-to-waist ratio or BMI – is by body fat analysis, and the most accurate way to do this is by bioelectrical impedance. During such a test, which you can do with a sports trainer, you will lay down and put two electrodes on your foot. Then, an electrical current will be sent through your body. This current is very...

Summary in Russian:

Определите соотношение талии и бедер. Рассчитайте свой индекс массы тела (ИМТ). Проведите анализ телесного жира.


Article in English: Is your job your first priority or are other aspects of your life more important?  You may find that your job is your first priority and you are able to fit in your other responsibilities around your work life. A person with a healthy work-life balance is an attractive candidate to most companies. Many companies may even ask you about your interests outside of your field. In order to best answer questions about your work ethic, you must first have a thorough understanding of how you, personally, relate to your job.  Consider the following:  Your attitude towards work relates to how you approach occupational responsibilities. Someone with a strong work ethic has a positive, willing attitude when it comes to putting effort into a job. Your feelings about work relate to how work affects your performance, and is an important contributing factor to overall work ethic. Work may make you feel energized, proud, and positive about yourself and your accomplishments. On the other hand, you may feel that work makes you feel stressed. Your beliefs about work pertain to the role you give work in relation to life itself. For example, you may believe that work builds character and is central to a well-balanced life. Writing these ideas down might help you remember important details about your work ethic and your skill sets for an interview.  How do you feel about working with others? Describe both pros and cons about working directly with co-workers and clients. How do you feel about continuing education and expanding your skills? Describe your attitude and feelings towards putting extra time into professional training. How do you feel about working overtime or through difficult scenarios? Outline your attitudes towards working extra hours or through unfamiliar and difficult situations. These will help you describe the specifics of how your work ethic has benefitted you in your career. These can be things like:  Working with a team: Has there been a specific time where working with a team has been difficult or beneficial?...

Summary in Russian:

Рассмотрите свои приоритеты. Исследуйте свои отношения с нынешней работой. Опишите свое отношение к разным аспектам работы. Вспомните конкретные случаи.


Article in English: Is your sketch for a movie script, a play, a speech in need of comedy, or maybe even a Youtube video? Depending on your mode of delivery, you can use other tools for comedic effect like props, costumes, lighting, or digital effects. Certain kinds of comedy work for certain kinds of audiences. Avoid topics that are overly offensive or will bore your audience.  Think about your audience's average age. If you are performing for children, use content geared towards younger people like teddy bears, ponies, or popular cartoons. If you are performing for adults, focus on topics for adults like sex, violence, international intrigue, politics, parenthood, or work. Think about the kinds of people in the audience. If you are into lowbrow comedy and your audience seems to be more highbrow, then you might want to consider their expectations. Remember what is funny to you, might be improper, insensitive, or outright offensive to others. Jokes about wealthy businessmen might work well in front of lower and middle class audiences, but will not be received in the same way by upper class people. There are some exceptions, when it is ok to be offensive. Roasts are events where people come together to make fun of someone. Keep in mind that even these events need to mix insulting jokes with levity. Look online for well-known comedy sketches, sketch groups, and sketch programs like Monty Python and Saturday Night Live.  Research is absolutely necessary for two reasons. First, it will show you what many people consider funny. Second, it will show you what has been done before. For the most part, you should try to be original, because humor depends on your audience not expecting your joke.  Know the genre(s) of comedy you fit into, as well as your prospective audience's expectations for that genre. You don't want to misrepresent yourself or your comedy. Now that you know how you will present the material and your audience, what kinds of topics do you think they'll enjoy? You can't write a comedy sketch without doing the leg work...

Summary in Russian:

Решите, где вы будете представлять публике свой скетч. Определите свою целевую аудиторию. Просмотрите разные скетчи. Соберите идеи. Поработайте над шутками. Продумайте время и подачу. Развейте мысль.


Article in English: Is your skin dry, oily or normal? This is what you have to figure out so you can make sure you have the right face products. There are so many different types that it can be confusing.  If you have normal skin, your skin has the right balance of moisture, oil and durability. This is what you're trying to achieve with keeping it clean. If you have oily skin you face might appear shiny, greasy or oil only a few hours after washing. If you have dry skin, it's often flaky. If you have sensitive skin, your skin is often tight or itchy and you experience allergic reactions when you come into contact with certain chemicals. A lot of people have combination skin, where part of your face is oily while a different part is dry. Wash once in the morning and once in the evening. Everyone's skin is different and needs different things. You may have to test out a few different face washes to find the one that works best for you. What you really want from a face wash is something that cleans away dirt and germs and excess oils, but doesn't strip your skin of its healthy oils.  Picking your cleanser is based on your skin type, how often you wear make-up, and how often you work out. For instance, if your skin is oily, you'll want a cleanser that has a low pH level, which will be more effective in cleaning the oil. If you have sensitive skin, you won't want the cleansers that are full of chemicals. Avoid using ordinary soaps, which are too harsh for your face and can strip it of its natural oils. It's best to rinse your face with warm water or cool water. Hot water strips the healthy natural oils from your skin. You need to wash your face after exercising to get rid of any sweat and dirt and oils that might clog your pores. If you want to avoid chemicals from store-bought face wash, you can consider making your own. Don't scrub your face dry, be gentle. The skin on your face is sensitive. Make sure that the towel is clean. Otherwise, you'll be transferring bacteria to your clean face. While not necessary, toners can be a great...

Summary in Russian:

Выясните, какой у вас тип кожи лица. Умывайтесь два раза в день: Вытирайте лицо чистым полотенцем. Используйте тоники. Обращайтесь нежно с кожей вокруг глаз. Не трогайте ваше лицо. Используйте косметику, подходящий типу вашей кожи. Пейте побольше воды. Придерживайтесь здоровой диеты.


Article in English: Is your use of porn relatively normal or getting into serious addiction territory? Look for these signs and symptoms to get a clearer sense of how much porn dominates your everyday life:  You cannot stop watching porn or doing behaviors associated with porn, despite attempting to leave them behind. You feel angry or irritable if you are asked to stop using porn (even when you ask yourself). You keep all or part of your porn use secret from family and friends. You feel like you lead a double life because of your hidden porn use. You continue to view porn despite negative consequences, such as suffering relationships or trouble in school. You have lost track of large chunks of time because you've been absorbed in porn use. To better understand what you're going through, learn what could be at stake. It can be easy to convince yourself that everybody watches porn and that maybe you don't have a problem after all. Knowing the following potential effects of porn addiction shows you the real dangers of the problem:  Broken or troubled intimate relationships Difficulty staying interested in relationships and dating prospects Feelings of shame and/or guilt Problems with work or school, like dropping grades High risk of engaging in dangerous or unhealthy sexual activity, with an increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases Eventual inability to become aroused in non-pornographic situations Because the addiction involves lewd material, you might be tempted to think of yourself as impure, perverted, or morally in the wrong for having ever developed the problem in the first place. However, adding blame and guilt to the mix will only make it more difficult to find the confidence needed to resist temptation and throw yourself into other activities. Popular methods like pinching yourself every time you look at porn will create a forbidden fruit effect which makes it all the more difficult to give porn up. What’s more, you’ll come to have negative associations with your own sexuality, which can make getting to the root...

Summary in Russian:

Определите симптомы. Изучите неочевидные последствия зависимости. Не наказывайте себя. Исследуйте свои раздражители.


Article in English: Isopropyl alcohol is a powerful cleaning agent, and you can get it for cheap from most grocery stores. If you don't have isopropyl alcohol, window cleaner will work as well. Avoid touching any of the disc surface. Microfiber is very tightly-woven, and is soft to the touch. It will pick up dirt and dust without scratching the disc's surface. Don't use tissue, paper, towels, or cotton to wipe the disc. These materials all pose a scratching risk. Rotate the disc and wipe again from the center to the edge. Keep rotating until the entire disc has been wiped. Wipe straight from the center instead of in circles. Wiping in circles around the disc can increase the risk of scratching. Allow the disc to air dry, but don't place it in direct sunlight. Isopropyl alcohol should only take a few seconds to dry; window cleaner may take a little longer. Avoid drying with a dry cloth, as this can promote scratching.

Summary in Russian:

Возьмите изопропиловый (протирочный) спирт и разведите его в воде в соотношении 1 к 1. Возьмите диск за отверстие в центре и за внешние края. Возьмите ткань из микрофибры и окуните ее в смесь. Вытирайте диск, двигаясь от центра к внешнему краю. Положите диск лицом вверх на несколько секунд, чтобы он высох.


Article in English: Isopropyl alcohol is a solvent that will dislodge any color from stains. This includes the green pigment left behind by grass. To wet the stain, take a sponge or cotton swab and generously dab with alcohol.  Rubbing alcohol, also known as isopropyl alcohol, works on removing grass stains because it dissolves the green pigment left behind in a grass stain. If you’re working on a delicate fabric, try a 50:50 solution of water and alcohol. Note that adding water means it may take longer to dry. Allow the stain to complete air dry before moving forward. The alcohol will evaporate out of the stain and most of the pigment should be dislodged. After the stain is dry, rinse it with cool water. Using cool water prevents the stain from setting. Use of hot water, or heat at all, will set the stain and make it more difficult to remove. Apply a small amount of detergent to the stain. Massage for at least five minutes, but the longer the better. Once you’re satisfied with your massaging, rinse the stain with cold water until the water runs clear. Allow the garment to air dry. Once it is dry, check to see if the stain is gone. If not, repeat the process. If the stain has been removed, you can launder the item as normal.

Summary in Russian:

Намочите пятно изопропиловым спиртом. Подождите, пока предмет высохнет, а затем прополощите его. Нанесите жидкое моющее средство. Взгляните на пятно.


Article in English: Isopropyl rubbing alcohol will effectively kill spider mites. Simply pour a little of the rubbing alcohol onto a clean cloth and use it to wipe the underside of the infested plant's leaves. There are sprays or wipes available from garden centers and hardware stores. Use according to the manufacturer's instructions. If spraying specific chemicals (such as dienochlor, dicofol, azocyclotin, fenbutatin, bromopropylate, propagate), it is recommended that you do not use the same product more than three times per growing season. This will help reduce the chances of the mites gaining resistance against the chemicals. Spraying liquid sulfur is another option for getting rid of spider mites. Do not use powdered sulfur because it can get into the air and you or someone else might inhale it. Make sure that you do not spray liquid sulfur within 30 days of using an oil on your plants or in temperatures above 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

Summary in Russian:

Используйте спирт. Купите качественное средство против паутинных клещей, подходящее для использования на улице. Попробуйте избавиться от клещей с помощью жидкой серы.


Article in English: Isosceles triangles have two equal sides and two equal angles. The equal sides are marked by one hash mark on each of them, indicating that the angles across from each side are equal. If you know the angle measurement of one equal angle of an isosceles triangle, then you'll know the measurement of the other equal angle. Here's how to find it: If one of the equal angles is 40°, then you'll know that the other angle is also 40°. You can find the third side, if needed, by subtracting 40° + 40° (which is 80°) from 180°. 180° - 80° = 100°, which is the measurement of the remaining angle. An equilateral triangle has all equal sides and all equal angles. It will typically be marked by two hash marks in the middle of each of its sides. This means that the angle measurement of any angle in an equilateral triangle is 60°. Check your work. 60° + 60° + 60° = 180°. Let's say you know you have a right triangle, with one of the other angles being 30°. If it's a right triangle, then you know that one of the angles measures exactly 90°. The same principles apply. All you have to do is add up the measurements of the sides you know (30° + 90° = 120°) and subtract that number from 180°. So, 180° - 120° = 60°. The measurement of that third angle is 60°.

Summary in Russian:

Найдите третий угол равнобедренного треугольника. Найдите третий угол равностороннего треугольника. Найдите третий угол прямоугольного треугольника.


Article in English: It all depends on what you have, how much space you have, and what you personally find to be the most visually pleasing. This section will give you a few ideas on how to organize the top of your dresser. You don't have to use all of them. Instead, choose a few that appeal the most to you. This will give the surface of your dresser some color. You can even change the shawl out to match the season or holiday. Just make sure that the edge of the cloth does not cover the drawers. Keep the larger, bulkier items in the back, and smaller items in the front. This will not only look more visually pleasing, but it will allow you to see everything all at once. It will also make the items easier to reach. If you think your dresser top looks bare, try adding accessories. Do not add too many, however, or your dresser will look cluttered. It will also become more difficult to clean. Here are some ideas as to what you can put on top of your dresser to make it look less bare:  If you like plants, aloe plants, English ivy, peace lilies, philodendrons, and spider plants do great indoors.  If you like plants but tend to forget about watering them, consider getting a pretty vase and adding some fresh, seasonal flowers into them. You can also consider using fake flowers instead; you can get some that look and feel very realistic. If you like to take care of things, consider adding a betta fish bowl. Betta fish are very easy to care for and they come in many bright colors. They are great for adding a splash of color. Add a lamp. This will not only add some brightness to your room when its dark, but it will also add a flash of color to your dresser top. Consider getting an ornamental lamp with an interesting shape. You can do this by hanging a mirror, picture, string lights, or a garland above your dresser. This will add color to the space around your dresser, and make it look fancier than it actually is. If you like to store your makeup on top of your dresser, it is important to keep it organized, or your dresser will look...

Summary in Russian:

Учтите, что есть разные способы навести порядок на комоде. Застелите комод красивой шалью или тканью, прежде чем размещать на нем что-либо. Разместите вещи слоями в соответствии с их размером. Добавьте немного аксессуаров. Украсьте стену позади комода. Держите в порядке косметику, духи и кисти для макияжа. Держите в порядке свои украшения. Используйте что-либо для хранения различных мелких вещей. Добавьте что-нибудь для хранения запасных вещей.


Article in English: It allows the user to sight up targets in low- or no-light situations. The problem with any night sights used in nearing dusk, or early morning, when there is not enough light to adequately illuminate the white rings, and it is too bright to see the tritium, at this point the sights are very difficult to accurately line up. But any darker (when most shootings take place) the night sights are very visible. Tactical, attached lights not only are able to light whole rooms, but can also give bad guys a short period of blindness if used on them. The problem is that they add weight to the gun, and can possibly throw off the balance. Some argue that they also give the bad guy a nice easy target to aim at (but honestly, just try looking at the light for a few seconds — they may know the direction to shoot, but they won't see what they are shooting at). Buying a cheaper light will almost guarantee it breaking after a while. For a duty or concealed weapon, this can be left off, but for home defense use, it may help identify your target before taking action. A separate hand-held light can do most of what an attached light can do. Often lightening the trigger pull, or shortening the length of the pull. This is great for target shooting or match shooting, but a trigger pull that is less than three pounds can quickly become unsafe if you are carrying the gun a lot. It can also help a lot with quick follow up shots, making them more accurate.  This is a change that should only be made to the gun if the trigger pull is grossly heavy or long. For people with very large hands, this is a must to allow for a solid fit on the grip. The grips have problems though. They can move, affecting  accuracy and requiring constant adjustment. Most tactical-style handguns have grooves and hatches in the grip to allow a firm grip even with sweaty hands; the rubber makes the gun a bit slippery when sweaty. Additional maintenance is also required, as sweat and dirt will build up under the grip, which require the rubber to be taken off and the...

Summary in Russian:

Подберите ночной прицел для скрытого ношения или служебного оружия, которое собираетесь использовать в темноте. Рассмотрите приобретение тактического, прикрепленного фонаря. Подумайте об улучшении работы спускового крючка для более быстрой наводки. Для удобства рассмотрите новую резиновую рукоятку.


Article in English: It bears mentioning that, though people commonly use the word "octagon" to refer to a regular octagon (one with sides and angles that are the same size), this is not, strictly speaking, the only kind of octagon that exists. Any shape with eight sides is an octagon by definition, just not a regular octagon. Thus, making a shape with eight sides of different lengths, rather than of the same length, produces an irregular octagon. As with their side lengths, octagons don't necessarily have to contain angles that are all 135o. As long as your shape has eight sides, angles of smaller or greater size than 135o can be used, resulting in an irregular octagon. The exception to this rule is for angles of exactly 180o. Generally, the two line segments that make up such an angle can be considered a single edge in a polygon. It's also worth nothing that special types of polygons called star polygons can have lines that cross over one another. For instance, an ordinary five-pointed star is drawn in this way from five lines that intersect each other in multiple locations. Similarly, it's possible to make an  eight-pointed star from eight lines of equal length. It's also possible to make eight-sided shapes with sides that intersect without making a tidy, symmetrical star shape. These shapes can be generally be considered "special case" octagons.

Summary in Russian:

Зачастую, когда говорят «восьмиугольник», имеют в виду правильный восьмиугольник. Используйте углы различной величины. Существуют многоугольники с пересекающимися сторонами.


Article in English: It can be a good idea to start with generic things and build up to more personal things over time.  For example, you might tell her about upcoming parties and events at the start. Later, you can send texts telling her what you're doing and where you're going. Finally, you can send texts just letting her know that you're thinking about her and the sorts of things you like/love about her. (Do this only if you're in a relationship or you're not worried that she'll find that uncomfortable.) Texting her funny things will help make texting much easier. If you're a funny person, use that. If you're not, try developing inside jokes, playfully teasing her, or simply commenting on funny situations you both are part of. Respond to questions that she asks and also respond in a way that shows that you have read and taken in the things that she has been texting generally. She'll like that. Don't always respond immediately every time she texts you. Wait a couple of minutes before you text back. Switch it up. Sometimes, wait a big longer, sometimes a bit more. Don't lay it on thick, all day, every day. If you've started flirting with her, do it sparingly. A little bit will go a long way. Learn to make your texts a little more diverse by texting about:  Her day-to-day life. "Hows it going?" "How was your day?" and "Do anything fun over the weekend?" are all normal texts. Any problems she is dealing with. Let her come to you with the problems. Don't pry into her life. But try to offer advice if she seems open to it. Things that are happening in your life. You're probably giving her a lot of attention, and that's fine. But maybe, just maybe, she wants to learn about what's happening to you. Share what you're doing, who you saw, and where you're going. A little goes a long way here. Don't get carried away. If you start to develop a relationship with a girl, don't just rely on texting forever and ever. Eventually, you're going to need to move past texting and start hanging out with her, calling her on the phone, and going out on...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте, о чем бы вы хотели написать девушке. Постарайтесь привнести юмор в вашу переписку. Убедитесь, что вы поняли значение слов девушки. Не пытайтесь постоянно флиртовать с девушкой. Убедитесь, что вы постепенно переходите от сообщений к реальной жизни.


Article in English: It can be a great emotional burden on a couple that has just had a miscarriage to have to inform everyone of their loss. If you know your friend had made her pregnancy known to people, you can offer to let people know about their loss and save them that terrible experience. Of course, you shouldn't tell people unless she wants you to and you shouldn't "out" her if people didn't know that she was pregnant to begin with. Only discuss this situation with people if she allows it.  It might be helpful to ask the couple for a list of people that they want to be sure know. You may have to use your judgement on telling anyone beyond the list. Another additional way to help is to give an article like this or an informational pamphlet to the other people you tell. That way, they'll also know the best ways to help and talk to your friends in their time of grief. You've probably had the experience of being very upset but stuck with obligations that force you to wear a smile. Save your friend the embarrassment of having to run into the back room to cry and take on some of their responsibilities. There are lots of ways that you can do this. You can:  Give a coworker one or more of your paid sick days, watch their other kids for them so that they can have some time to grieve alone, cover their shift at work, etc. Another responsibility they may have now is dealing with all of the things that they may have bought for the baby. Most mothers don’t want to keep the items, so a long process of returning items to stores, selling the items, or bringing them to a charity will begin. You can offer to do this for her, since the experience can be even more soul crushing. Even the most simple daily tasks can feel overwhelming when we're going through a hard time emotionally. By taking on some of these tasks for them, you can give them the chance to relax and go through the normal emotions of grief. This is also doubly helpful to a woman who has miscarried, as the physical repercussions can be painful and last up to several months.  You...

Summary in Russian:

Поговорите с другими, чтобы избежать неудобных ситуаций в будущем. Дайте паре побыть наедине друг с другом, взяв на себя часть их обязанностей. Предложите помощь с повседневными делами. Продолжайте помогать паре. Помните, что партнер подруги также нуждается в поддержке.


Article in English: It can be a little scary to express who you are most of the time. Don’t be afraid to dress how you like or talk how you normally do at home. Speak up when you have an opinion on something. Being comfortable with who you are will show others that you are honest and confident. There’s a difference between having a strong opinion on something and arguing with others. Always try to be nice, even if you disagree with someone. People should like you for who you are. If someone doesn't want to hang out with you, then move on. They may not be the right friend for you. Besides, pretending to be something you aren’t will get exhausting! If people try to pressure you into doing something that you don’t want to do, be firm when you say no. People should respect your boundaries. You’re at summer camp to meet new people and try new things, but above all else, you’re there to have fun! Having fun will not only reduce any stress you have about becoming popular, but will improve your chances of becoming popular in the first place. If you look like you’re enjoying yourself, others will want to have fun with you!  Try to relax! It’s hard to enjoy yourself if you’re paying attention to every little thing that you do.  Choose to spend your time how you want to spend it. If you waste your time doing things you don’t want to do, you’ll end up crabby and miserable. People enjoy being around people that are happy!

Summary in Russian:

Находите способы самовыражения и ведите себя искренне. Не предавайте свои взгляды, чтобы влиться в компанию. Расслабьтесь, хорошо проводите время и не думайте о популярности.


Article in English: It can be a little tricky to make friends with boys when you’re only eleven, but it’s important to try to be nice to the boy’s friends if you want to make his affection last. You don’t have to be best friends with his friends, but you should at least be friendly and kind, so that they have nice things to say to him about you. If you come off as standoffish or mean, then they’ll try to tell the boy not to hang out with you, and some boys tend to listen to their friends at that age.  When you see his friends, say “hi” and ask how they’re doing. Get to know them a little bit to show that you really care about their friend. If you don’t like one of his friends, don’t tell him that. It’ll only cause a rift between you. Since you’re only eleven, you don’t need to think about getting too intimate with the boy. Still, some light affection can help your relationship stay strong. You can hold hands, whether you’re walking together or watching a movie. You can give him a hug when you see him, or even have him put his arm around you if you’re hanging out together. Just a little bit of affection can go a long way in keeping your relationship strong. Just remember that a lot of eleven-year-old boys aren’t into publicly showing affection, even if they like somebody a lot. Start slow with showing affection publicly and see what he’s comfortable with. You may see hearts, rainbows, and butterflies whenever you lay eyes on the boy, but you may want to keep that to yourself. You should let him know you like him without saying that you think you want to marry him and that you’re totally in love with him, or you’ll be scaring him off a bit. Remember that, when you’re eleven, it’s important to keep the relationship light and fun instead of getting intense too soon. This is good advice, in fact, for the beginning of any relationship at any age! You can write him notes to say hi and to tell him that you’re thinking of him. However, you don’t have to feel compelled to tell him the fifty things you like the most about him. You should...

Summary in Russian:

Будьте дружелюбны с его друзьями. Покажите ему свою симпатию. Не перегружайте его. Не оказывайте слишком сильного давления на ваши отношения. Всегда оставляйте время на своих друзей. Находите новые совместные занятия.


Article in English: It can be a really helpful thing to know what to do with your grandchildren when they arrive. If you want to go on an outing, you might need to suggest certain clothing, and even ask for financial help if needed, even before the grandchildren arrive. It is also a good idea to check opening times, session times and transportation timetables to make sure that everything is sorted in advance. When you make your plan for the day, however, take some time for resting and decompressing into account, too. You don’t want your grandchild to get too tuckered out. Try to do something with your grandkids that their parents wouldn’t normally do with them. Take them to a new part of town they haven’t seen, or teach them something their parents don’t know how to do, whether it’s watercolor painting or jewelry making. This will make your time together all the more special and memorable. That's right — don't make plans sometimes. Let your grandchildren see what you normally do around the house and learn by watching. Often they will be interested enough to pitch in and help you, all the while holding fascinating conversations with you. Treasure these times because they hold the essence of intergenerational bonding. They may be interested in watching you cook, helping out in the garden, walking your dog with you, or even in checking out your favorite TV show.  Your grandchildren will be used to life at their own household and will inherently be interested in the way you run yours. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to create a fun day for them; it’ll happen naturally. That said, it’s good to have a back-up activity, such as a movie to watch or a pie to bake, just in case your grandchild gets restless and really wants to do something. Pass on your experience through your stories about what you have done and seen. Don't be afraid to share the "strangeness" of the past. To their ears it may be strange now but in the future, they will come to see your past as being as special as theirs, and in some small way, they will...

Summary in Russian:

У вас должен быть основательный план игр. Не планируйте. Научите их чему-нибудь о мире. Расскажите им об истории своей семьи. Пусть и ваши внуки вас чему-то научат. Будьте с ними в важные моменты жизни. Не забывайте уделять время для себя.


Article in English: It can be a trigger for diseases such as toxemia, or can scare the sow so she doesn’t want to eat or drink. For these reasons stress should be minimized as much as possible.  Reduce exposure to loud noises or bright lights. Keep her away from direct sunlight. Establish a daily routine with set times and stick to it, to provide consistency Make any changes as early as possible in the pregnancy, when the stress will have less of an effect on the sow. Reduce handling to minimal levels. During the last two weeks of pregnancy, do not handle the sow. Instead, coax her onto a towel or into a box. It's very important to check on your guinea pig several times a day, ideally every three to four hours. Each time you check, make a mental note of how much water she has drunk and how much food she has eaten.  This allows you to gauge what is normal, so that if she becomes unwell and stops eating, or becomes very thirsty, you will pick up clues early on. If the sow becomes uninterested in food contact your veterinarian immediately. The vet will assess the guinea pig’s condition. They may prescribe treatment that includes injections of dextrose solutions, steroids and calcium, which may or may not be effective. Loss of appetite can also be a symptom of pregnancy toxemia. Check her for signs of illness (e.g. crusty eyes/nose/ears or a thinning/patchy coat) and weigh her. In the last two to three weeks of pregnancy, do not handle the sow. Instead, coax her onto a towel or into a box.  The sow should gradually put on weight. How much depends on the size of the litter, but her weight should never begin fall. If you have any concerns, do not hesitate to get to a vet. Grooming usually requires a lot of handling, so reduce to minimal levels during pregnancy. If the sow is long haired, cut all of her hair short (especially around her rear end) towards the end of the pregnancy as the sow will find it harder to clean herself and the hair may become knotted or dirty. Do not bath the sow during pregnancy. It will be too stressful for...

Summary in Russian:

Беременные морские свинки особенно уязвимы к заболеваниям в результате стресса, возникающего в течение беременности. Наблюдайте за ее характером питания и потребления жидкости. Дважды в неделю тщательно осматривайте свиноматку. Во время беременности ограничьте уход за шерстью. Продолжайте поддерживать физическую активность свиноматки.