Article in English: If you've noticed any of the above signs and symptoms lingering for a few days (and your parental instincts are tingling!), then make an appointment with the doctor. It's the best way to truly determine if your infant has an ear infection or any other condition that needs medical attention. Your doctor will use a lighted instrument called an otoscope to look at your infant's eardrum. A red, bulging eardrum indicates a middle ear infection.  Your doctor may also use a special pneumatic otoscope, which blows a puff of air into the outer ear canal against the eardrum. A normal eardrum moves back and forth in response to the air current, whereas an eardrum with fluid behind it doesn't move much, if at all. A sign that an ear infection is likely more serious or advanced is if you observe a discharge of fluid, pus or blood from your infant's ear. In this case, you should consider bringing your child to an emergency clinic or urgent care clinic right away instead of waiting to schedule an appointment with your doctor. (Do check with your doctor first, as she may be able to see your child right away.) In actuality, most ear infections in infants/children resolve without any treatment, such as antibiotics. What's best for your infant depends on many factors, including her age and severity of symptoms. Childhood ear infections usually improve within the first couple of days and most clear up without antibiotics within one to two weeks. The American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians recommend a wait-and-see approach if: your infant over six months appears to have mild ear pain in one ear for less than 48 hours and a fever less than 102.2°F (39°C).  Amoxicillin is an antibiotic commonly prescribed to children with ear infections — it's meant to be taken over seven to 10 days. Keep in mind that antibiotics are only helpful for bacterial infections and not viral or fungal infections, or allergic reactions. The downside to antibiotics is that if they don't clear out the infection entirely; they...

Summary in Russian:

Проконсультируйтесь с семейным врачом или педиатром. Расспросите врача о преимуществах и недостатках антибиотиков. Получите направление к специалисту.


Article in English: If you've noticed your billiard balls making strange curves, measure your pool table for level. The best way to do this is with a basic carpenter's level. Analog or digital levels both work fine.  Analog carpenter levels usually have bubbles that will orient between two lines when the surface is level, and will skew to one side when the surface is crooked. These are great for telling not only whether or not your table is crooked, but by how much, and to what direction.   If you don't have one, there are free or very cheap apps you can get on most smart phones with quite accurate level-functions. Use one of these instead, and just lay your phone on the surface you want to check for level. Set the carpenter's level in the middle of the pool table, oriented long-ways. If the pool table is balanced from end to end, the bubbles in the carpenter's level will be situated between the two lines in the middle of the glass tubes. If the bubbles in the glass tubes are above or below the middle lines, you will need to raise or lower one of the shorter ends of the pool table. Turn the level the opposite direction in the middle as well, perpendicular to the long sides of the rectangle and even with the shorter sides. This will help you measure the side-to-side level of the table. Take a measurement. If the bubbles are above or below, you'll also need to adjust the legs in that direction to make the table flat. Most of the time, the problem with pool tables is that one leg, or multiple legs, is lower than the other three legs on the table. To find it, put the level close to the edge of each of the four sides of the pool table to get a more accurate reading.  Move to each side and each corner of the pool table, checking with the level for the severity of the lean. The corner with the most lean is the one you're looking for. In some cases, you'll get weird readings because the floor of the house may be less than level. If that's the case, you can still make adjustments in the same basic way, it'll just take a little more...

Summary in Russian:

Воспользуйтесь строительным уровнем. Проверьте долевую центральную линию стола. Проверьте поперечную центральную линию стола. Приложите уровень к каждой стороне стола. Воспользуйтесь шаром для проверки ровности стола. Воспользуйтесь куском плоского стекла и стеклянным шариком, чтобы проверить ровность стола. Найдите самый низкий угол.


Article in English: If you've only been on a date or two, it's probably best to ignore Valentine's Day altogether. Jumping on a romantic holiday may push your potential date away, so it's probably a good idea to skip it for this year. Think about how long you've been in the relationship, and how much you realistically expect the other person to contribute. If you think dinner and a card is reasonable, get the other person a card and ask him or her out to dinner on or near the day. One way to alleviate the stress is to simply talk to your crush about it. You can suggest keeping it low-key since you're new to the relationship, as well as make a plan for a nice dinner or an outing if you'd like.  For instance, you could say, "Our relationship is still pretty new. Why don't we keep Valentine's Day low-key? We could say no gifts, though cards are fine. Do you want to have a nice dinner together?" Ask the other person what they think of Valentine’s Day. Some folks actually despise the holiday, referring to it as a “Hallmark” holiday. It might be a good idea to even take the other person’s temperature about how they even feel about it before pursuing a date on the day. For example, you could say, "I know our relationship is still in the early stages, so I thought maybe we could talk about what we want to do for Valentine's Day. Are you a fan of the holiday, or do you prefer to ignore it?" Discuss the fact that you’ve only been dating a short time and that you're both now confronted with a highly romantic holiday. Be honest about how bizarre it is to begin a new relationship as other couples are declaring their love from the rooftops. Let the other person know that you get the fact that both of you may not be ready just yet for poems and love songs. As an example, you could say, "So, Valentine's Day is coming up. I don't really know how to treat it since we haven't been dating very long. What do you think we should do? I know we're probably not ready for poems or love songs, haha, but I thought I would bring it up." One option is...

Summary in Russian:

Проигнорируйте этот праздник, если вы только что начали встречаться. Спросите себя, чего вы действительно хотите. Поговорите со своим партнером. Пойдите на компромисс.


Article in English: If you've read the first two sections, you probably already have an idea of how to do this. It means putting your phone down, engaging with your body language, having showered in the recent past, and just grounding yourself in the moment. It's called "presence" for a reason. You can't have presence if you don't show up! Connect to the moment. Think of it as your moment. If you're on stage, the stage is yours, this moment is yours, and this character is you. There's nothing to worry about. You're there in mind, body, and spirit. There's no panel of judges, there's no fight with your boyfriend, there's no football game on TV, there's just now where you are. Don't give them the satisfaction. A person with presence is always cool, calm, and collected. When everyone else is pulling their hair out with stress, you're the one getting things done with a smile on your face. You do this stuff in your sleep. You eat this stuff for breakfast. No biggie. Nothing can shake you. This goes double if your presence is onstage or in front of a camera. Any nervousness, any agitation will be seen or captured. You've probably seen an actor who couldn't seem to commit to an action or behavior because they were too busy overthinking it, worrying what was correct. When you start sweating, you've already lost confidence in you, and others will shortly follow suit. This is a problem for most of us, especially women. We're taught to say, "I think maybe this will help the problem," instead of, "Here's the solution." We qualify our words and say "I'm sorry" as a casual starter to any sentence. Don't bother! While these things can be tactful at times, they can also be unnecessary at others. If you're looking to show you're confident in you, you want to abandon the lingual niceties. If your boss were to say, "You know, I was thinking that perhaps we should go in a different direction. I know it'll be a huge inconvenience and I'm so sorry, but I really think this is a good idea, don't you?", how would you interpret that? Now if they were to...

Summary in Russian:

Присутствуйте. Никогда не позволяйте другим увидеть, что вы потеете. Не смягчайте свои слова. Не бойтесь тишины. Говорите четко.


Article in English: If you've seen it but not heard it, oftentimes just sounding it out in your head first can help a lot with your pronunciation. Work with each syllable in turn. Unless it's Welsh.  Think about other words you already know that look similar to the name. For example, the letters q-u-i in French sound like the word key in English. So just as the word "quiche" is pronounced keysh, the name "Quitterie" would be pronounced key-tree. Sometimes city names can get your mind going. Think of ones like San Jose, Guadalajara, Lille, Versailles, and Guangzhou. Does it look French? Spanish? Chinese? Know that every language has a unique alphabet and set of sounds associated with it, so any prior knowledge of languages will assist you in your pronunciation.  Spanish has a very consistent alphabet, unlike English. The vowels are always pronounced "ah," "eh," "ee," "oh," and "oo." French has a fairly consistent alphabet as well, but it's a bit more tricky. If the name ends in a consonant, don't pronounce it. "Robert" becomes row-bear. And a name like Michelle? It's mee-shell, not meh-shell. Mandarin Chinese is trickier still. The "Q" is pronounced ch, "X" is pronounced sh, and "Z" is pronounced dr. "Xiaojin Zhu" is shiao-jin drew. If you're a bit confused about "ei" and "ie" in German, opt for the second letter's name. "Steinbeck" has a vowel like "I"--the second letter. "Auf Wiedersehen" has a vowel like "E"--the second letter. They can significantly change the way a name is pronounced.  In Spanish, you want to put the most emphasis on the syllable that has the accent; e.g., María should be pronounced ma-REE-uh. Unfortunately, French doesn't follow the same rules. The sounds "è" and "é" are two different sounds. Though they are very similar, they are similar to eh (the sound in red) and ay, respectively. Examples of this include Renée (ruh-nay), André (on-dray), Honoré (ah-nor-ay), and Helène (heh-lehne). The most frequent character used with a cedilla is the "ç"; the cedilla makes it soft (ss, not kuh). Though this requires a...

Summary in Russian:

Изучите имя. Подумайте о том, какому языку принадлежит название или имя. При произношении имен и названий важно учитывать ударение и другие особенности языка. Обращайте внимание на звуки с диакритическими знаками.


Article in English: If you've tried adjusting calming your body and your mind, without seeing any change, you may want to get professional help. Getting medical treatment or therapies may help you alleviate stress or chronic worrying, which can make you worked up in the first place. You might want to seek medical help if you experience the following (which are symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder):  Your job, social life, or relationships are disrupted by your worrying. Feeling like you can't control your worrying or calm down You can't relax or concentrate You avoid situations that might make you anxious You have difficulty sleeping Feeling tense all over A mental health professional will probably want you to continue with self-help treatments, like calming your mind and body through relaxation techniques. But, you will probably start cognitive behavioral therapy. This will help you examine what makes you anxious, stressed, or worried. Once you've identified this behavior, you can come up with strategies to effectively calm down. With CBT, you'll learn:  To understand helpful and unhelpful worry, which helps you accept and respond to stress. To monitor what sets you on edge, your triggers, and how long you stay worked up. This can help you track your progress. Deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation tips. To change any negative ways of thinking or responses. This will help you mentally calm down. Face situations that usually make you anxious, worried, or panicked. This will make you feel as though you have more control. While therapy and self-help treatments are the primary ways to calm down, your mental health professional may put you on medication for the short term. These are usually anti-anxiety medications, which may help you calm down. The following are usually prescribed for General Anxiety Disorder:  Buspirone (Buspar) is an anti-anxiety drug that's not a sedative or addictive. It helps you manage, but doesn't completely eliminate anxiety. Benzodiazepines are anti-anxiety drugs respond quickly, making them...

Summary in Russian:

Поймите, когда вам нужна медицинская помощь. Познакомьтесь с когнитивно-поведенческой терапией. Попробуйте медикаментозное лечение.


Article in English: If you've used hallucinogenic drugs and are affected by perceptual disturbances to the point that you can't function in your daily life, you should get help. A mental health professional can work with you to discuss lifestyle changes and behavioral therapies. Or, if you see a medical doctor, you might be prescribed medications to alleviate some of the perceptual disturbances, even though there's no cure for HPPD. Unfortunately, there's no recognized treatment for the symptom of depersonalization. But, behavioral therapies (like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), psychoanalysis, and basic relaxation techniques may help reduce symptom severity. While there’s no known cure for HPPD, there are drugs that have been found to alleviate some of the perceptual disturbances. Your doctor may prescribe clonidine, perphenazine and clonazepam. These are primarily effective because they can relax you or temporarily improve the symptoms. But, these medications could have serious long-term side effects if you take them for a long period of time. Pay attention to how your body responds to medication and let your doctor know of any harmful side effects. Also, remember that medication won't keep the perceptual alterations away permanently. You may want to work with a mental health professional, such as a therapist or counselor, to develop coping skills or techniques. This can help you manage the symptoms of HPPD and any anxiety or depression the symptoms may be causing. Working with a therapist can also be helpful if you specifically want help in managing the symptom of depersonalization. Among therapeutic treatments, you might consider:  Relaxation techniques, including systematic desensitization. These techniques can be useful in dealing with daily situations that may cause you anxiety. When practiced correctly and consistently, relaxation techniques can give you a greater sense of freedom in your everyday life.  Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. This takes a typically short-term, problem based approach to the changing your beliefs...

Summary in Russian:

Знайте, когда следует обратиться к специалисту. Обсудите с врачом лекарственные препараты, которые помогут ослабить симптомы. Пройдите курс терапии. Сократите периодичность или перестаньте употреблять безрецептурные препараты. Составьте распорядок дня. Создайте систему поддержки.


Article in English: If your Apple TV is the default input, doing so should wake up the Apple TV immediately.  You'll need to change the input to use your Apple TV unit if you haven't yet done so. If your TV isn't connected to the Internet, you won't be able to add apps. You cannot add apps to an Apple TV if it's a 3rd generation model or older. The App Store is a dark-blue app with a white "A" made of writing utensils on it. Doing this will open the App Store. If you're using your iPhone's Apple TV app, you'll first need to open it. The App Store loads to the "Featured" page by default, where you can view popular apps.  You can also scroll over to Search, tap the remote, and type in an app's name to search specifically for it. Selecting the Categories tab will show you different categories of app. Doing so will open the app's page. If you're on the Categories tab, you'll first have to select a category. This option should be in the middle of your app's page. Your app will begin downloading to your Apple TV.  For paid apps, this button will display the app's price. You may be prompted to enter your Apple ID password for paid apps.

Summary in Russian:

Включите телевизор. Выберите App Store и коснитесь сенсорной панели пульта. Прокрутите приложения в App Store. Выберите нужное приложение и коснитесь пульта дистанционного управления. Выберите Установить и коснитесь пульта дистанционного управления.


Article in English: If your Fire Stick is in the default (or last-used) input, this will open the Amazon Fire TV's home page.  You'll need to change the input to use your Fire Stick if you haven't yet done so. If your TV isn't connected to the Internet, you won't be able to add apps. To do so, simply use the left side of your remote's circular directional dial to scroll to the left until the sidebar pops out from the left side of the screen. It's the circular button in the middle of the directional dial. You'll find Apps about halfway down the sidebar. You can scroll down to select the Spotlight tab to view featured apps, for example, or the Top Free tab to scroll through the top-rated free apps. If you just want to browse all apps, select the Categories feature and then select a category in which you're interested. Doing so will open the app's page. You should see Get below and to the right of the app's icon. Your selected app will begin downloading to your Amazon Fire TV.  You'll see the app's price instead of Get if the app isn't free. On older versions of the Amazon Fire TV, Get may be replaced by Download or Install.

Summary in Russian:

Включите телевизор. Откройте боковую панель. Выберите Apps (Приложения) и нажмите кнопку «Select» (Выбор). Выберите фильтр приложения. Выберите приложение и нажмите кнопку «Select» на пульте дистанционного управления. Выберите Get (Загрузить) и нажмите кнопку «Select» на пульте дистанционного управления.


Article in English: If your anxiety is interfering with your daily life, then it might be a good idea to seek the help of a mental health professional, such as a counselor or therapist. Talk therapy is an effective way to reduce anxiety and to learn effective tools for handling anxiety-provoking situations. For example, you may want to seek therapy if you have been withdrawing from your friends and family, avoiding certain places out of fear, or having a hard time focusing on work or school because of your anxiety. Cognitive therapy focuses on changing your thoughts and behaviors in order to reduce your anxiety. By going through cognitive therapy with a licensed mental health professional, you identify, challenge, and replace the negative thoughts that cause you to feel anxiety.  For example, you might find that you often think to yourself, “I am going to fail,” and this thought may cause you to feel anxious. With cognitive behavioral therapy, you will learn to identify this thought as it occurs and challenge the thought or change it into something positive, such as “I am going to do my best.” Cognitive therapy is something that you should only undergo with a licensed therapist. Ask your therapist about using cognitive therapy as part of your treatment plan. Exposure therapy helps you to face the fears that cause you to feel anxious. Over time, you may increase the intensity of your exposure or face your fears for longer periods of time. As a result, your fears and anxiety levels should improve.  For example, if you are afraid of flying, then you might begin by imagining that you are in an airplane. Over time, you might work up to visiting the airport, taking a short flight, and then, as a final goal, taking a cross-country or overseas flight.  You should only undergo exposure therapy with the guidance of a licensed therapist. If your fears cause you to feel anxiety, then talk to your therapist about incorporating some exposure therapy into your treatment program. There are several different types of medication available for...

Summary in Russian:

Обратитесь к психотерапевту. Когнитивная терапия. Экспозиционная терапия. Лекарственные средства.


Article in English: If your baby has a temperature over 100 F (38 C), they need immediate medical attention. A fever could be a sign that something else is wrong. Contact your doctor if your baby is irritable, has any eye discharge, has difficulty breathing, or has a chronic cough. These symptoms need medical help to clear up. Additionally, if your baby is under 3 months, contact your doctor as soon as you notice cold-like symptoms. For newborns, colds can turn into serious illnesses. If your baby has any symptoms that worry you, contact your doctor immediately. It’s better to get your baby checked out than not. Acetaminophen is safe for children 3 months and up, and ibuprofen is safe for kids 6 months and up. Look for over-the-counter medication that can be given in small doses and carefully obey the instructions. These medications often come in "children's formulas" that are safe for infants. If you have any questions about the dose your infant can receive, contact your doctor prior to administering it.  Check with your doctor to see what dosages you should use. Avoid these medications if your child is dehydrated or vomiting, as it could make the condition worse. These medications may ease symptoms but they can cause side effects. If your child has any discomfort or pain because of their symptoms, contact your doctor. They may be able to provide a prescription medication or an appropriate pain management plan. The FDA strongly advises against over-the-counter cold medicine for children younger than 2 years old, and many manufacturers have stopped making these products for children under the age of 4.

Summary in Russian:

Незамедлительно обратитесь к педиатру, если у ребенка высокая температура. Вызовите врача, если ребенку меньше 3 месяцев или симптомы кажутся вам необычными. Воспользуйтесь жаропонижающим безрецептурным препаратом. Старайтесь не давать ребенку безрецептурные препараты против кашля и простуды.


Article in English: If your bank provides you with a card that has a Visa or Mastercard logo, it should work with Uber even if it is not an actual credit card. If you do not have a bank-issued debit card, you may be able to use a Visa or Mastercard-branded prepaid debit card. There are many varieties of prepaid cards available in different locations. Check a reputable department store (like Target or Walmart) or pharmacy (Walgreens or Rite-Aid) for options. If you receive an error signing up for Uber with your debit card (either prepaid or provided by your bank), call the support number listed on the back of the card and let them know you are trying to book a ride with Uber. The bank may need to manually authorize Uber charges. If you haven’t yet registered with Uber, you can skip this step.  Sign into your Uber account, then tap “Payment” in the main menu. Tap the “Add New Payment” icon (a credit card with a plus sign) and enter the credit card number and verification information as requested. Tap “Add Payment” when you are finished. Use the slider at the bottom of the map to select a type of Uber vehicle. For a description of each Uber vehicle type, see How to Pick the Correct Uber Type. Here you’ll find the ETA (estimated time of arrival), maximum party size, and minimum fare. On the details screen, tap “Get Fare Estimate.” Here, enter the address of your destination and tap it in the search results. Make sure you have enough money on your debit card to cover the trip. Once you’ve viewed the fare, tap your phone’s back button to return to the map. Enter your destination address the same way you entered your current location. In a few moments, you’ll see the driver’s name, license plate number, and a short description of the vehicle. Head to the pickup location you specified and wait for your driver.  The app will keep you up to date on how far away your driver is from your pickup location. When the ride is complete, the total amount will be deducted from your debit card.

Summary in Russian:

Поищите логотип Visa или Mastercard на своей дебетовой карте. Получите в банке предоплаченную дебетовую карту с логотипом Visa или Mastercard. Обратитесь в банк-эмитент вашей карты, если возникнут какие-либо трудности или ошибки. Привяжите свою дебетовую карту к Uber. Выберите автомобиль. Нажмите на значок автомобиля на слайдере, чтобы просмотреть подробную информацию о поездке. Выясните, сколько будет стоить ваша поездка. Нажмите на «Место посадки», затем выберите место прибытия. Нажмите «Подтвердить», чтобы забронировать поездку.


Article in English: If your bass does not have individual saddle height adjusting screws, you must adjust the action by raising or lowering the entire bridge. There are many bridge designs, each with its own specific adjustment features. Select the proper tool for the adjustment hardware on your bass. Typically, tightening (turning clockwise) bridge height adjusters will raise the action and loosening (turning counterclockwise) bridge adjustment adjusters will lower the action. If your bass has individual saddle height adjusting screws, make general action adjustments by raising or lowering the entire bridge, then make your final adjustments by changing the height of the individual string saddles. Individual string saddles are generally adjusted with allen wrenches. You have lowered the action too much if you hear fret buzz.

Summary in Russian:

Поднимите или опустите бридж или винты на отдельных струнах на бридже. Проверьте настройки, сыграв ноты на каждом ладу баса.


Article in English: If your battery is removable, carefully take the swollen battery out of your cellphone. Make sure to handle the battery very gently and slowly to avoid puncturing it, which could be a safety risk. You may want to wear gloves or goggles for extra precaution when handling the battery. If the swollen battery does not come out easily, stop what you are doing. Take your cellphone to a local repair shop or electronics supply store, such as Best Buy, to have it removed by professionals. Trying to force out a swollen battery that's stuck in an electronic device can cause the battery to become punctured, which is a serious safety hazard. You should also take the battery to professionals if it is not removable or if you don't know how to remove it. As soon as you remove the battery, place it in a cool container and cover it. This will keep the battery from puncturing as you transport it to the proper disposal center.

Summary in Russian:

Попробуйте вынуть батарею. Если при извлечении батареи у вас возникнут трудности, предоставьте это дело профессионалам. Положите батарею в прохладный контейнер.


Article in English: If your bed sheets got stained, you may want to take a peek at your mattress and mattress protector as well. There is a chance that they got stained as well. You will need to treat them as well. If the stain is fresh, a bit of cold water may be all you need to get it out. If the stain has already dried, a good soaking (several hours to overnight) will help loosen the stain and make it easier to get out. If the stain is on a mattress, lightly spray the stain with a bit of water. Do not soak the stain. Mix ½ cup (65 grams) of cornstarch, ¼ cup (60 milliliters) of hydrogen peroxide, and 1 tablespoon of salt. Spread the paste onto the stain, let it dry, then brush it off. Repeat the treatment if necessary. Do not dump the white vinegar or hydrogen peroxide onto the stain. Instead, soak a clean cloth with the white vinegar/hydrogen peroxide first. Squeeze out any excess liquid, then gently dab the stain. If the cloth gets dirty from the blood, use a cleaner part of the cloth. This way, you won't be transferring the stain back onto the mattress. Once you have the stain off, load them into the washing machine separately, and wash using cold water and mild detergent. Use a double rinse cycle, if you can. Toss a tennis ball or dryer ball into the dryer along with your comforter to help fluff it up again.

Summary in Russian:

Не забудьте о матрасе и наматраснике. Сначала смочите пятна холодной водой. Приготовьте пасту из кукурузной муки, перекиси водорода и соли. Промокните пятна крови на матрасе белым уксусом или перекисью водорода. Для выведения пятен крови с одеял и наматрасников используйте методы, описанные выше для простыней.


Article in English: If your betta fish suddenly swells, he may be constipated. You need to treat this problem soon. The first way to help constipation is to stop his regular diet for a few days. That will give him time to digest and move food through his system. After a couple of days, start feeding him again. However, you should stick to live food for a little while. For live food, you can feed brine shrimp or blood worms. The general rule on how much food to provide is give enough food so that your betta can eat for two minutes. Do so twice a day. Constipation is generally a sign you are feeding your betta too much. Therefore, once he starts eating normally again, you need to feed him less than you were.

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание, не раздуло ли рыбку. Прекратите кормить петушка обычной пищей на несколько дней. Начните кормить рыбку живым кормом. Не перекармливайте рыбку.


Article in English: If your binder or notebooks are full of notes from different classes, in no particular order, start by arranging them into separate piles. Arrange these piles in a row according to the order you attend those classes. Remove graded work and old assignment instructions, and store them in a separate binder or folder to leave at home and help you study for tests. Set aside classwork from previous years, returned projects, and non-school-related papers. Save any of these that you think will be useful for studying, along with any projects you or your parents want to keep for your own enjoyment. Throw away the rest. Keep the "at home" binder or folders in an obvious place where they won't get lost in clutter, such as on a bookshelf in your room. Having just one binder for all your classes can be great for keeping yourself organized, since you don't have to keep track of a separate notebook for each class. If you have a giant stack of papers, try to separate them into two binders using one of these systems:  Try using one binder for classes before lunch, and one binder for classes after lunch. If you have a locker at your school, you only need to carry one of these around at a time, but remember to pick up both before you leave for the day.  If your school has Monday-Wednesday-Friday classes and Tuesday-Thursday classes, separate your papers into two binders so you only need to take one binder to school each day. Remember to put the right binder in your backpack the night before each school day. Dividers are just a colored sheet of paper, usually with a small tab where you can write the name of a class. Put colored dividers into the binder in the order your classes happen. For instance, if your first class is math and your second is English, put a blue divider labeled "Math" at the front of your binder, followed by a red divider labeled "English." Two-pocket folders are a great tool to have, since they let you put in and take out papers without having to open and close the binder rings. Don't use this for all papers....

Summary in Russian:

Рассортируйте тетради по предметам. Переберите каждую кучку и выбросите старые записи. Посмотрите, поместятся ли оставшиеся тетради в одну папку. Разделите записи в папке цветными закладками с названиями предметов. В секцию, отведенную для предмета, положите папку для бумаг с тремя отверстиями. Чтобы хранить важные документы, пользуйтесь пластиковым файлом. Приведите в порядок остальные бумаги, чтобы понять, нужны ли вам белые закладки. Положите в папку остальные бумаги. Добавьте линованную бумагу, чтобы делать пометки.


Article in English: If your braces are bothering you, try cold drinks. Ice cold water and cold juices or soft drinks can help ease the pain of your teeth and gums. Cold liquids can cause a numbing sensation in the mouth, resulting in a reduction of inflammation and pain. As cold drinks can provide pain relief, you could try cold foods to see if they have a similar effect. Try drinking chilled smoothies or eating ice cream or frozen yogurt. You can also refrigerate fruit, veggies, and other healthy foods so they're cool when you eat them. Cold fruits, like chilled strawberries, may have some effect on strengthening the gums. Do not, however, bite into any frozen foods, and avoid using your front teeth. Doing so may cause cracks in your enamel, which can be difficult to repair and increase sensitivity. Icing sore areas can decrease inflammation, lessening pain. Applying an ice pack to the outside of your mouth may reduce pain. Remember, do not apply a store bought ice pack directly to bare skin. Wrap it in a towel or cloth before use to avoid frostbite and other complications. A salt water rinse is an easy home remedy that help ease pain for some. It's quick and easy to use.  Mix about a half a teaspoon of salt into a glass of warm water. Mix until the salt is dissolved.  Rinse your mouth with the solution for about 30 seconds and then spit it out into a sink.  You can also rinse with chamomile tea, green tea, or ginger tea, which may have an anti-inflammatory effect. Rinse twice a day: for one minute in the morning and two minutes before going to bed. Teeth tend to be very sensitive after braces are tightened or adjusted. Softer foods can help reduce pain and irritation.  Go for foods that do not require much movement of the teeth. Things like mashed potatoes, smoothies, puddings, soft fruits, and soups are good options.  Try to avoid spicy foods and hot drinks as these can cause gum irritation.

Summary in Russian:

Попробуйте прохладительные напитки. Ешьте холодную еду. Попробуйте приложить холодный компресс. Полощите рот теплой соленой водой. Старайтесь есть только мягкую пищу.


Article in English: If your brick is dusty or dirty, use a scrub brush to scrub at any surface-level dirt or dust. If you have a vacuum cleaner handy, turn it on and use the brush attachment to blow away residual debris.  If you don't brush away all of the dirt, don't worry. You'll be able to scrub away the rest as you wash the brick. Avoid wire brushes, which can leave metal scratches on the brick and cause rust or corrosion over time.

Summary in Russian:

Удалите легко отстающую грязь пылесосом или щеткой.


Article in English: If your brother is always pestering you when you are hanging out with your friends or chilling in your room, try scheduling a special time to do something with him.  You could plan a specific time each week to do something fun with your brother, such as Saturday afternoon when you have free time. Ask him what he would like to do, or come up with an idea together. You could also set aside time during the week to do something you both enjoy. For instance, you can tell your brother that you will play video games with him on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 4:00 to 5:00 PM. If he continues to nag you, explain that you won’t be able to do the special thing you planned if you can’t finish your homework or your basketball game with your friends. You might even begin a weekly tradition, such as going bowling or watching a movie together on Friday nights. Hanging out with your brother regularly will also have the added benefit of improving your relationship. He’ll be less likely to bug you if he gets to know you better. Maybe your brother nags you to hang out because he doesn’t have friends. Maybe he is shy and has a hard time meeting people. If he has friends, he’ll be less likely to always pester you.  If your friend has a younger brother about the same age as yours, plan to do something together so that they can meet. The four of you could plan to hit the ball around at the park one weekend. If you don’t know anyone with a younger sibling, take your brother places where he might meet a friend. If you have a neighborhood park where kids play basketball, ask him if he wants to go and join the game. Introduce yourself to the other kids if your brother is shy and then introduce your brother. Help your brother find other interests than bugging you! Hobbies that your brother can do by himself will be the best ones to suggest. Otherwise, he might begin to nag you to help him with his hobby.  Consider your brother’s interests. If he seems really interested in insects (versus being afraid of them), ask him if he would want to...

Summary in Russian:

Найдите время на брата. Познакомьте его с друзьями. Предложите хобби. Займитесь с ним спортом. Предложите вознаграждение (или взятку).


Article in English: If your brother is jealous of some aspect of your life, he may be acting out as a way of expressing his frustration. If you think this may be the case, you may want to at least attempt to have a direct and honest conversation with your brother about how his jealousy hurts your feelings and makes things difficult between you.  Think about your situation and the times your brother has lashed out at you with annoying behavior. Is it possible he's jealous of your grades, your possessions, or your lifestyle? Your brother is probably motivated by a simple urge to vent his frustrations. If your brother is jealous because something you're doing now takes away from the time you used to spend together, the best way to calm his feelings may be to spend more time with him. However, it's important to set your limits and boundaries, and let him know that he needs to respect them. Your brother's jealousy is probably related to not getting enough attention. If you make him feel better about himself by finding things to feel good about, it might help snap him out of his jealous streak.  Even if you can't get your brother the same thing he's jealous you have, you can help him find something to be happy about. That might help curb his annoying behavior, at least temporarily. Give credit to your brother for the things he's good at. If your brother is jealous that you made the soccer team, remind him how good he is at other activities, or talk about how good he's doing in school. If your brother's annoying behavior is motivated by jealousy, one way to resolve the situation is to help him get what you have (or something like it). This obviously won't be feasible all of the time, but in certain situations, it can help calm down a jealous sibling. Plus, if your brother sees you trying to help him, he might learn to be less resentful of you.  If your brother is jealous of your good grades, offer to help him study. If he's jealous of the fact that you're better at him in sports, spend some time playing catch or practicing with him to...

Summary in Russian:

Причиной вредности может оказаться зависть. Найдите способ сделать брата счастливым. Мотивируйте брата заслужить желаемое.


Article in English: If your brother or sister is at the point in school where they are writing a lot of papers on their computer, you can prank them using their word processing system. Go to “Autocorrect” under the “Tools” tab and change the settings to automatically replace normal words like “that” or ‘the” with ridiculous ones like “blarganauv” and “snoodle-shanks”. Change as many words as you want! If you want to really get them in trouble you can change the words to something like “my teacher stinks” and hope that they don’t notice it. Do this after they go to bed or before they head to school in the morning. You don't want to give them a chance to notice it and change it back. Change their wallpaper to something embarrassing, like a picture of them sleeping in a funny way, or maybe pictures of puppies and hearts that you find on the Internet if they are a boy. You know your sibling, choose something that you think would embarrass them.  When they open up their laptop at school people will see their new background. Right before they go to school, find their backpack, empty it, and fill it with their underwear. They will be so confused, and it will also inconvenience them throughout the day. Introduce yourself and say, “Oh, you must be [insert name that isn’t theirs]”. When they say no, act confused and tell them that your sibling is always talking about this other person. This will get your sibling in some hot water!

Summary in Russian:

Измените параметры автозамены в Microsoft Word. Поменяйте обои на рабочем столе. Положите в рюкзак нижнее белье. Поговорите с подружкой или другом вашего родственника.


Article in English: If your canvas Crocs have shoe laces, remove the laces and put them in a bucket or sink full of soapy water. Move the laces around in the water, rubbing the soapy water into them. Once they’re clean, rinse them with clean water and hang them to dry.  Use any type of mild soap, including detergent, dish soap, or even hand soap. Using a mild soap will ensure the canvas isn't damaged by harsh chemicals. Whether the water is cold or warm is up to you, just don't use water that's super hot so as not to harm the canvas. Dip a toothbrush designated for household cleaning or other small scrub brush into the soapy water and scoop some suds onto the brush. Test out a small section of the canvas before scrubbing the whole shoe to make sure the fabric won't be ruined. Gently scrub the canvas with the toothbrush until the shoes are clean. Don’t scrub over labels or print on the shoes to prevent them from coming off. If your canvas Crocs have stains on them that aren't coming out using the toothbrush method, try treating the spots with a stain remover that you would use on your clothes. Follow the directions for the specific stain remover, but make sure you let it sit on the stain for roughly 10 minutes before rinsing the stain remover out. Find a cloth or sponge and dip it in clean water. Wring the cloth or sponge out so it isn’t dripping before gently sponging the shoes. This should help remove all of the suds.  Wringing the cloth or sponge out is important — you don’t want the shoes to become soaking wet after they’ve been cleaned. You can also use the cloth or sponge to wipe dirt off of the rubber soles, if necessary. Pat the shoes with a towel to absorb extra water. Once the shoes are clean, you can let them air dry someplace warm, like in a sun room or on a porch. Don’t leave the shoes out in the sun — this will cause the dyed fabric to lose its color.

Summary in Russian:

Снимите шнурки и положите их в мыльную воду. Осторожными движениями почистите обувь зубной щеткой, смоченной в мыльной воде. Для удаления въевшихся пятен используйте пятновыводитель. Возьмите губку или тряпку, смочите ее чистой водой и протрите обувь. Вытрите обувь полотенцем, чтобы убрать лишнюю влагу.


Article in English: If your cat is displaying litter box avoidance, it’s important that you practice good litter box hygiene to encourage him to use the litter box. This means scooping and changing the litter every day, thoroughly washing the litter box once a week, and making sure the litter box is appealing to your cat. Most cats do not like litter boxes with hoods or liner, as it can be uncomfortable for them, so avoid using a litter box with a hood or a liner.  If there are multiple cats in your household, there should be a litter box for each cat, plus an extra litter box. Try to spread out the litter boxes so each cat has enough room and privacy to do their business. Look for a quiet area in the home where your cat can still look around and see if anyone is coming up behind her. Make sure the litter box is big enough for your cat to sit in comfortably and have one to two inches of litter in the box. Cats dislike litter boxes that are too deep with litter. Most cats act out due to boredom or under stimulation, so it is important that you commit to daily play sessions with your cat. Use a toy, or several toys, when playing with your cat to deter him from playing rough with your hands or arms. Focus his attention on the toys during the play sessions and switch up the toys each week so he does not get bored. Scratching posts are also good for deterring your cat from scratching furniture or other fabric objects. Place scratching posts in communal areas of your home or your cat’s favorite spots. If your cat is urine marking or urine spraying, it can help to use a synthetic cat pheromone in the home. It can reduce stress and prevent your cat from urine marking if he is feeling anxious or fearful. This pheromone is usually delivered through a diffuser or a spray and can be found at your local pet store.

Summary in Russian:

Поддерживайте туалетный лоток кошки в чистоте. Обеспечьте кошку когтеточками и ежедневным игровым временем. Для снижения стресса у кошки воспользуйтесь кошачьими феромонами.


Article in English: If your cat is fertile and has recently been in heat, it’s possible that she may be pregnant.  Female domestic cats become sexually active as the days get longer and the weather gets warmer, typically between spring and fall. A female cat may start her estrus cycle (go into heat) once the weather becomes warmer and she has reached about 80% of her adult weight. This means a cat may go into heat as early as four months of age in unusual cases. When a cat goes into heat, she displays clear behavioral changes meant to attract a mate that will last about four to six days.  A cat about to go into heat will initially display signs of restlessness, become more affectionate, begin making low calls, and have increased appetite.  When a cat enters into heat, she will begin “calling”--meowing or mewling frequently and insistently--and may lose her appetite. A cat in heat will become much more affectionate towards people, will roll around, and will prop her hind quarters up in the air while treading her back paws and holding her tail to the side. If your cat has gone into heat, the effects can extend much further than odd behavior--your cat could have gotten pregnant.  If you determine your cat has recently been in heat, pregnancy is a definite possibility. After being in heat, a cat will enter into a “quiet phase” lasting about 8-10 days, during which her behavior will calm down. Following the quiet phase, however, your cat will go into heat again and continue to go into heat through the period between April and September.  To prevent your cat from going into heat and/or inadvertently getting pregnant, have her spayed as soon as it’s safe to do so.

Summary in Russian:

Определите, способна ли ваша кошка к зачатию. Понаблюдайте за признаками стремления к спариванию. Имейте в виду, что течка животного может иметь последствия.


Article in English: If your cat is ill and the vet suspects FIV, the first test will be an in-house ELISA test. The vet will draw about 1 milliliter (0.03  fl oz) of blood from the cat, then send if off to the lab for testing. The results are usually back within 15 minutes.  If the test is negative but the cat has a history suggestive of FIV exposure, a second test should be run 6 weeks later. Only if this second test is also negative can the vet definitely say the cat does not have FIV. If the ELISA test comes back positive, then you can ask your cat's vet to send your cat's blood for a PCR test. This test is done at an external laboratory and can take up to a week to get the results back. PCR tests detect tiny amounts of viral DNA in the cat's blood. A positive test means the cat has the FIV virus in his blood stream.  Due to the risk of false positives from the ELISA test, a positive result from this test should be confirmed via another type of test as a fail-safe. Most vets send the blood sample to a commercial laboratory for a PCR test, which looks for fragments of viral DNA. If this is positive, then sadly the cat has FIV. If the PCR test is negative, it is possible your cat is fighting off the infection. In this circumstance a repeat ELISA test in 6-weeks' time should come back negative, meaning your cat was exposed to the FIV but his immune system fought it and won. Diagnosing FIV is a complex process, but in summary the following combination of test results indicate that a cat is actively infected with FIV and may become ill as a result in the future. Any one of the following indicates active infection:  A single ELISA test positive result, followed by a PCR positive result Two ELISA positive results, confirmed by a PCR positive result. A positive PCR result. A cat that is well at the time of diagnosis may stay in good health for years and years.  Even if your cat is healthy, however, it's important to keep in mind that FIV weakens the body's immune system. This means your cat will be more vulnerable to developing...

Summary in Russian:

Позвоните своему ветеринару для того, чтобы сделать больному коту иммуноферментный анализ. Отправьте ДНК  вашего кота на тестирование на полимеразную цепную реакцию, если иммуноферментный анализ даст положительный результат. Разберитесь в процессе диагностики. Осознайте, что здоровый кот с ВИК может оставаться таким многие годы. Обсудите с ветеринаром шансы на воздоровление вашего кота, если у него выявлены симптомы ВИК.


Article in English: If your cat is scratching or refusing to use the litter box, put it in a small room with all its toys, scratching posts, and litter boxes. There will be less furniture for your cat to damage here and your cat is more likely to learn to use the litter box if it is confined to a small space with it. SoftPaws are pieces of plastic that can be glued onto a cat's claws to prevent it from scratching. To place the soft paws on the cat, one person will need to hold the cat. Another person will clip the cat's nails and then glue the SoftPaws on.  Squeeze the cat's paws gently to encourage it to show its claws. Then use a clipper to trim the claws. If you do not have experience trimming a cat's claws, cut only the end, to avoid cutting too deep and hurting it. Squeeze the glue that comes with the SoftPaws into the SoftPaws. Then place the SoftPaws on your cat's claws and push until the plastic covers the entire claw. Cats can have their claws permanently removed, but declawing is generally considered inhumane and should be avoided if possible. Even if your cat still periodically leaves your home, you should be in control of it when it leaves. Watch the door closely to ensure that it does not sneak out. If it does, do not hit it, because that will make it less likely to want to stay inside. Use moderate reinforcement to encourage it to behave better.  If your cat tries to make a run to the door squirt it with a water bottle or rattle a jar of coins. Throw a treat or a toy in the opposite direction when you open the door. This will encourage your cat to run away from the open door and break it of the habit of running away.

Summary in Russian:

Выделите комнату для кошки. Купите колпачки на когти. Не позволяйте кошке убегать на улицу.


Article in English: If your cat is showing signs of dehydration, you need to make a visit to the veterinarian. You should consult a veterinarian as soon as your cat exhibits signs of dehydration, since the condition is far easier to correct in its earliest stages. If you suspect your cat is moderately to severely dehydrated, or if the animal is lethargic or unresponsive, get your pet to the veterinarian right away.  Let the vet know it is an emergency so you can be seen faster. Severe dehydration is a life-threatening emergency. In addition to confirming the results of your physical examination and assessing your cat's history, your veterinarian can run tests to help determine how dehydrated your cat is and to decide on an appropriate course of treatment. In addition to a physical examination, your vet may run some basic tests to access the state of your cat's dehydration. Some basic tests veterinarians use to assess hydration include a blood test to assess the packed cell volume (PCV). If the PCV will be higher than normal, your cat is likely dehydrated.  The vet may also run a urine sample to check its concentration. Usually, when animals are dehydrated, the kidneys concentrate urine to conserve water. If your cat has kidney disease or a hormone imbalance, however, he may not be able to appropriately concentrate his urine even when he is dehydrated.  Other tests can be run depending on the suspected underlying cause of the dehydration. Once the veterinarian assesses your cat, she will calculate the approximate degree of dehydration and formulate a fluid treatment plan. The best way to correct moderate to severe dehydration is by providing intravenous fluids. You also will need to address the underlying cause of the dehydration in your cat in order to remedy the situation in the future. In cases of severe dehydration, immediate, aggressive intravenous fluid therapy is required to ensure the cat's recovery. Because early signs of dehydration are subtle and easy to miss, being able to identify potential dehydration risk factors...

Summary in Russian:

Обратитесь за помощью к ветеринару. Сделайте анализы. Начните лечение. Определите причину обезвоживания у больного животного. Знайте факторы риска.


Article in English: If your cat seemed well but was running a fever, after 24 hours take her to the vet. If she was off-color and running a fever, don't wait that long. Extended high-grade fevers can be a sign of more serious health issues. Your vet can perform examinations and tests to help determine the cause of the fever.  Be sure to tell your vet your cat’s recent history. Information to provide could include travel history, contact with other animals, recent vaccinations or other treatments, allergies, and anything else that you believe may be the cause of your cat’s fever.  A fever can happen for a number of reasons, including: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections Physical trauma Auto-immune disease Necrotic tissue Tumors or cancers   The cause of the fever will determine the treatment. Your veterinarian will need to perform tests to determine the cause of your cat’s fever. Common tests include bloodwork and urinalysis. If your cat’s fever is caused by a bacterial infection, the underlying infection must be treated. Usually giving antibiotics would be enough to reduce a fever. While antibiotics are generally safe for a cat with a fever, do not self medicate. Always ensure that the vet has checked and prescribed antibiotics for your cat. Antibiotics are often specific to one strain of bacteria and may not be effective for others. Your vet can recommend the best treatment for your cat. The most common and safe antibiotics usually prescribed by vets are:  Ampicillin and Amoxicillin (20mg/kg body weight). Both are available in suspension form and can be bought in "human" pharmacies. Marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg) is available in tablet form; however, it can be very hard to dose because of its small tablet size. Doxycycline (5 mg/kg) is available in paste form, and a preparation made for pets can be bought upon prescription of a veterinarian. This preparation is Vibravet, and it comes with a plastic syringe doser to ensure correct administration. In giving antibiotics the duration of medication should always be one week (seven...

Summary in Russian:

Покажите своего питомца ветеринару. Используйте антибиотики по рекомендации ветеринара. Рассмотрите также Мелоксикам. Применяйте аспирин исключительно по назначению ветеринара. Учтите, что кошкам не подходят многие препараты, предназначенные для людей.


Article in English: If your cat shows signs of an infection (yellow or green mucus from the nose) then talk to your veterinarian about whether or not your cat needs a prescription for antibiotics. If the vet suspects the infection is viral then antibiotics may be of no help. Likewise, if antibiotics are prescribed, it may take four to five days before the infection improves, so in the meantime you can help to ease your cat's breathing in other ways. The warm, moist vapor of steam helps to loosen up mucus and makes it easier to sneeze out. Obviously, you cannot put a cat's head over a bowl of boiling water because if she panics and knocks the bowl you will both be put in danger. Instead, use a steamy room to help clear up your cat’s congestion. To do this:  Take the cat into the bathroom and shut the door. Switch the shower onto hot and draw the shower screen so that there is a solid barrier between the cat and the hot water. Sit in the steamy atmosphere for 10 minutes at a time. If you can do this two to three times a day, your cat should be able to breathe a little easier. This may sound obvious but if the cat's nose is stuffed up or dirty, clean it. Hold a cotton ball under the faucet and then use the wet cotton ball to wash your cat’s nose. Work away any dried mucus that may be encrusted on your cat’s nose. If the cat has a heavy nasal discharge then wiping the nose regularly can really help make your cat more comfortable. Some mucus is so thick and tacky that it sits like glue inside the nasal chambers and make it impossible for the cat to breathe through her nose. In cases like this your vet may prescribe a "mucolytic".  This is a drug, such as Bisolvin, which breaks down mucus and helps it to liquefy. The active ingredient in Bisolvin is bromhexine. When the mucus thins, your cat will have an easier time sneezing it out. Bisolvin comes in 5 gram (g) sachets and can be mixed in food once or twice a day. The dose for a cat is 0.5 g per 5 kg of body weight. This translates as a "generous pinch" from the sachet, once or twice...

Summary in Russian:

Обсудите с ветеринаром вопрос применения антибиотиков. Применяйте паровые ингаляции. Следите за чистотой носа кошки. Попросите ветеринара выписать кошке муколитическое средство.


Article in English: If your cat vomits, especially several times a day, and seems under the weather, then this is significant. If the cat either refuses water or vomits after drinking water, then he/she should be seen by a vet. Many cats are happy vomiters, meaning they throw up from time to time (once or twice a week) as a means of cleansing their system. This is nothing to worry about in a cat that's active, responsive, behaving normally and eating well. A cat should produce formed, sausage-like feces. Diarrhea is liquid feces that have no shape, and is definitely abnormal. If the cat is otherwise well, it is acceptable to wait 24 hours to see if the cat has merely eaten something that has upset his/her tummy. However, if he/she is vomiting, off his/her food, listless, or lethargic, or has blood or mucus (a jelly like substance) in her stools, then she should be seen by a vet. Lethargy, or lack of energy, can indicate fever, breathing difficulties, or the cat being in pain. This is subtly different from the cat sleeping more, because the cat is awake, but doesn't have the energy to interact or participate in daily activities. If the cat is lethargic and breathing quicker, he/she should see a vet. Take note of your cat’s personality. If your cat is unusually tired and loses interest in exercise and regular daily activities, this could be a sign that your pet is undernourished or ill. If your cat is breathing very quickly and shallowly or with his/her mouth open, and has not been exerting him/herself, you should take your cat to the vet. You should also try to gauge how labored the cat's breathing appears. If you notice his/her stomach muscles heaving, in order to breathe, see the vet. Sometimes purring can confuse the respiratory rate (it makes the rate appear faster), so try to count her breaths when he/she is not purring or asleep. The normal respiratory rate in the cat is about 20 - 30 breaths a minute, and should be at the lower end when relaxed. All of these may be symptoms of a neurological disorder or ear infection. If...

Summary in Russian:

Обратите внимание на рвоту. Обратите внимание на диарею. Следите за уровнем активности кошки. Для выявления проблем с респираторной системой прислушивайтесь к дыханию кошки. Обратите внимание на пошатывание головы, головокружение и дезориентацию. Регулярно ухаживайте за внешним видом животного, чтобы иметь возможность обнаружить появление опухолей и нарывов. Следите за состоянием глаз кошки. Осматривайте пасть кошки.


Article in English: If your chain has a master link, use your hands to slide the pin out of the slot in which it’s seated. When the chain disengages, pull it free. Without a master link, you’ll need to jump a link off one of the gear spikes. After the first link, the rest should come off easily, then pull the chain out of the drivetrain.  Removing the chain is especially important for chains with heavy surface rust and grime. Chains with light rust and dirtiness can often be cleaned with the chain attached. Chains without a master link are reinserted into the drivetrain in the same fashion they are removed, only in reverse. Dampen a clean rag with degreaser. Pull the chain through the rag to remove buildup and grease. Stubborn buildup might need a vigorous scrubbing or buffing with the rag before it comes free. For severe buildup, you may need to soak your chain in degreaser. Fill a bottle with degreaser, allow the chain to soak in it for 20 minutes, then rinse the chain in a second bottle filled with hot water. Most degreasers can be quite harsh on the skin. Wear latex gloves when using a degreaser unless otherwise indicated on its label This de-rusting technique can be rough on the hands, so slip on some latex gloves before you try it. Next, wet a piece of steel wool thoroughly with lime juice. Scrub rusted areas with the steel wool to remove rust, then wipe the surface clean with paper towel.  Rust that is neutralized and scrubbed free may gunk up your steel wool. If this happens, rinse it in hot water, reapply the lime juice, and continue scrubbing. When breaking up large amounts of rust, you may need to wipe the surface periodically so you can see how much rust is left on the surface. Lime juice contains a good amount of sugar. You won’t want this drying on your chain and gumming up the works, so make sure to rinse the chain in warm or hot water mixed with a little dish soap. Spray WD-40 directly onto the clean, rusted surfaces of your chain in sections. Allow this to sit for a moment so the solution can soak in. After...

Summary in Russian:

Снимите цепь, если ее поразила сильная ржавчина. Протрите цепь тряпкой, смоченной в обезжиривающем средстве. Цепи с большим количеством грязи и налетом замочите в обезжиривающем средстве на 20 минут. Удалите легкую ржавчину стальной мочалкой, смоченной в соке лайма. Когда вы удалите ржавчину, смойте сок лайма мыльной водой. Устраните старую ржавчину с помощью WD-40 и проволочной щетки.


Article in English: If your child experienced first degree burns, which are characterized by redness and mild swelling, it will take approximately 3 to 6 days to heal. Blisters and severe pain, signs of a second degree burn, could take as long as three weeks to heal. A third degree burn, which will cause waxy white, leather, brown, or charred skin, will likely require some type of surgical procedure. Doctors often prescribe custom pressure garments, silicone gel sheets, or custom made inserts. None of these directly heal the skin, but some do reduce itching and protect the area from further damage. Furthermore, they will all prevent your child from scratching the wound when it itches, which could cause scarring. Give him a child or infant strength dose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin). Follow the instructions on the bottle. If he has never had this medication before, consider contacting a doctor first.  Refrain from giving Ibuprofen to babies under six months. It is difficult to tell if a baby is in pain. A good sign though is if her cries are louder, more high pitched, and longer than usual. She might also grimace, wrinkle her brow, squeeze her eyes shut. She may not be willing to eat or sleep at regularly scheduled times. If your infant suffered a second- or third-degree burn, your doctor should provide you with a home care plan that involves dressing changes, special creams or ointments, and possibly other treatments. Follow this plan to the letter, call your doctor with any questions or concerns, and make sure you bring your child in for follow up appointments as recommended. If your child appears to be developing some scar tissue, you can start treating the scarring with massage. Rub a moisturizing lotion into tissue gently, working up and down the scar with a small circular motion. Wait until the area is fully healed to begin scar massage. You should do this several times a day for at least a few weeks.

Summary in Russian:

Помните, что для заживления ожога требуется время. Узнайте у врача о защитной обработке раны. Давайте ребенку обезболивающие средства, если это необходимо. Следуйте указаниям врача касательно домашнего ухода. Делайте массаж рубцовых тканей с увлажняющим кремом.


Article in English: If your child has problems grasping simple concepts, you may want to talk to a specialist who can help you to help your child. The specialist you can speak to include:  Special educator: They can help you come up with game plan to give your child as much education as she can receive. Occupational therapist: They teach the motor skills necessary for your child to function on his own. For example, an occupational therapist can teach your son how to feed himself. Even though you love your child more than anyone else in the world, raising a child with physical and mental disabilities can be a challenge. Going to parental counseling can give you the support you need. Counselors can give you tips on making your child's life as easy as possible, while also giving you time to talk about your own experiences. You can also consider joining a local support group. It can be really nice to talk to people who are in a similar situation as you are. Apert syndrome does not generally limit the physical exercise that your child can get. In fact, physical exercise is really important. Allow your child to get at least 30 minutes of physical exercise a day. This can mean: Jogging, biking, swimming, walking the dog, or even doing household chores. Apert syndrome doesn't affect your child's diet. Of course, if your child has allergies, you should make sure to stay away from those foods. Otherwise, its important to give your child a healthy diet. This includes:  Eating lean cuts of meat and fish at least 3 times a week. Providing sweets in moderation Dividing meals into 5 smaller, frequent meals rather than eating 3 big meals. Eating vegetables, fruits, whole wheat products, and low-fat dairy every day. Opting for more nutritious snacks such as carrots or crackers instead of cookies.

Summary in Russian:

Если у ребенка психические отклонения, запишите его на специальные занятия физкультурой. Обратитесь к семейному психологу. Позволяйте ребенку заниматься спортом. Разработайте для ребенка здоровый, сбалансированный рацион.


Article in English: If your child is throwing a big tantrum (e.g. yelling, screaming, crying, banging fists, etc.) the best thing you can do is remove the audience that they are performing for. This may only be you, but it may also be your other children, friends of your child, grandparents, etc. If you are at home, and your child is not in danger of hurting themselves, then suggest that everyone go do something else in a different room for a while.  If you are not at home, then remove your child from the public place as quickly as possible. For example, if you are at the grocery store, take the child to the car. Make sure to prioritize correcting misbehavior over the task you are doing. For example, if you are out grocery shopping with your child and they are misbehaving, then you may need to stop what you are doing for a moment and address the behavior. Consider what strategies you can use in these types of situations so you will be prepared. If your child is under 4 years old, you can let them have their tantrum alone, in a safe place. Check on them every few minutes, and tell them that you are aware that they are upset, and that you can talk with them about why they are upset when they are finished with the tantrum.  If a child younger than 4 reacts violently to you, either by hitting, kicking, scratching, or biting you, put them in a time out. Tell them that such behavior will not be tolerated. Once the child has calmed down, listen to what they have to say. Tell them that throwing a tantrum is not the best way to deal with their problem. Don’t fixate on this point, however; explain a better way to deal with it, and move on. If the child is over 4, and they are throwing a tantrum, gently remind them of the rules. Explain to them that they have 2 options: they can either choose to stop the behavior and do something that they like that is also within the rules, or they can continue with their behavior and not have enough time to do something they would enjoy. Once they have calmed down, discuss better ways that they can...

Summary in Russian:

Исходите из поведения. Дайте ему понять, что вы понимаете, насколько он расстроен. Напомните ему о правилах. Отвлеките его. Не сдавайтесь. Не кричите на него. Устраните вещь, которая вызвала истерику. Напомните ребенку, что вы любите его.


Article in English: If your child is usually open and exuberant, but suddenly exhibits shy or secretive behaviour, this could be a sign that something is wrong. In many cases, children feel shame, embarrassment or confusion about what's going on, and since they don't know how to express their feelings, they keep it to themselves. Pay attention if your child seems quieter than usual. A child may become quiet for reasons other than the occurrence of molestation, such as being bullied, going through their parents' divorce, and other circumstances. However, it should be viewed as a red flag that could point to molestation, especially if you notice other warning signs as well. If your child suddenly begins acting younger than their age, be on high alert. If you can rule out other factors that could cause this change, such as bullying or another form of stress, it might be a sign of molestation. Here are a few examples of behaviours to watch for:  Bedwetting (after the age at which this normally occurs) Throwing tantrums and showing aggression for no apparent reason Clinging to you and crying when you have to depart after dropping the child off at school or daycare Most children experience nightmares or have insomnia every once in a while, so a few nights of poor sleep are probably nothing to worry about. However, if your child has regular nightmares, cries when you leave the room at night and is unable to fall asleep in their bedroom, this should be cause for alarm. Sometimes children who are being molested act out the abuse on toys or other children. You might see your child demonstrating a sexualized behaviour and have no idea where they could have learned it. Watch the way your child plays with toys and other kids, and don't dismiss it if you notice something unusual.  For example, a child who is being molested might touch a doll or toy inappropriately, or exhibit this behavior toward another child. A child might also use sexual words or phrases that they have never been taught. It is normal for young children to touch their...

Summary in Russian:

Подумайте, не стал ли ребенок вести себя скрытно. Подумайте, не наблюдается ли у ребенка возвращение к детским привычкам и детскому поведению. Подумайте, не стали ли ребенку сниться кошмары и нет ли у него других проблем со сном. Обратите внимание на некорректное поведение ребенка во время игр. Обратите внимание на личностные изменения. Обратите внимание на то, как ребенок реагирует на места и людей. Поищите физические признаки. Знайте, какое сексуальное поведение является нормальным и ненормальным для ребенка.


Article in English: If your club is arranged through a school, place of worship, or other organization, they may have specific rules for running the club. Speak to the administration to learn about any rules that need to be followed. For instance, if the club is run through your school, you may need to have a faculty advisor. If your club is focused on taking action, completing tasks, or raising awareness, it will be helpful to have executive officers that organize these things and disseminate information to members. Typical executive roles include:   President: the leader who runs the club and meetings and enforces the rules.  Vice president: supports the President and is in charge when the President is absent.  Treasurer: handles the club's money, keeps track of dues for memberships, pays the bills for the club's operations and activities, records of all debits and credits for accounting purposes.  Secretary: keeps minutes of every meeting and reads them for correction or addition at each following meeting, gives a report of each event at meetings following the event. If you have a large club, you may need additional club officers as well. Explain the role of each officer, then take a vote to determine who will fill each role. Spots you may need to fill include:   Historian: keeps a record of activities and events that the club hosts, takes and keeps photos of group activities.  Head of events: delegates club members to help in planning and organizing activities.  Advertising team: responsible for creating flyers, posting to social media, and getting people to attend events, fundraisers, or activities. and determine membership dues. The budget will depend on what kind of club you start and what you hope to accomplish. If your goal is to raise awareness for issues or host events, you’ll need some funding. Much of this can come from membership dues paid monthly or annually by the active members.  Your club can also host fundraising events to make money for equipment, activities, or events. You may also be able to find sponsors...

Summary in Russian:

Определите конкретные правила клуба, если он связан с определенной организацией. Очертите круг исполнительных должностей. Выберите помощников и определите обязанности.  Разработайте бюджет


Article in English: If your company has other employees, they should have a say in the mission statement, too. Make sure it accurately reflects people's vision for the company. If you read it to other employees and they stare at you blankly, you might be off track.  That said, it's difficult to write anything, even a mission statement, when a lot of people are giving their opinion. There's no need to completely alter it unless people don't think it's accurate or honest. Have someone proofread your mission statement to clean up spelling and grammatical errors. Put your mission statement on your website, print it on brochures, and find other ways to share it with those who are interested. What reactions does it elicit? If you like the feedback you're getting, your mission statement is serving its purpose. If it seems to confuse people, you might need to revisit it. A mission statement should lead people to ask intelligent questions. People should want to know more. As your company evolves, so should your mission statement. Never let it seem dated or full of information that's no longer relevant to your company's situation. You should revise it about once a year to keep it fresh. There's no need to start from scratch, but it's a good idea to continually evaluate whether the statement still reveals the heart and soul of your company.

Summary in Russian:

Привлекайте других участников. Протестируйте ее. Исправьте ее если необходимо.


Article in English: If your computer completely fails to start, you'll generally have better luck taking your computer to a repair service than you will if you try to repair it yourself. Luckily, the bulk of hardware problems stem from poor connections or component failures; your hard drive will usually be fine, meaning that your files should be safe. Before performing any significant repairs, you might want to back up your files. You can do this by removing your computer's hard drive, connecting it to another computer via an IDE-to-USB adapter (or a SATA-to-USB adapter for older hard drives), and using the other computer to back up the hard drive. It may seem simple, but double-check that the power cable is plugged in and the outlet is working.  Plug the computer directly into the wall to see if your surge protector or power strip is the cause of the problem. If you are using a laptop, make sure that the power adapter is securely connected. If your computer is starting up but you can't see anything, there could be something wrong with your monitor. Double-check the monitor's connection, and try plugging in a different monitor if possible. You can run your laptop without a battery inserted as long as you are plugged into a power source. If your laptop turns on when the battery is removed, something is wrong with the battery and you should contact the manufacturer for a replacement. if it's a desktop. In order to check the connections inside and to test the power supply, you'll need to open the case.  Remember to ground yourself with an anti-static wrist strap or by touching the exposed metal of the case before touching any internal components. While you can check a laptop for hardware issues, most laptops can't be repaired by an amateur mechanic. Your best bet is usually to bring you laptop in to a repair service. Ensure that the cables that connect your power supply (the box that your power cable is attached to) to your motherboard are securely connected. . Old power supplies have a tendency to fail, but testing them is a...

Summary in Russian:

Запомните, что многие проблемы с аппаратным обеспечением нельзя устранить немедленно. Создайте резервную копию содержимого жесткого диска. Проверьте кабель питания. Воспользуйтесь другим монитором. Извлеките батарею из ноутбука и подключите к нему адаптер питания. Откройте корпус настольного компьютера Проверьте кабели блока питания. Проверьте блок питания Замените неисправный блок питания Поищите разболтавшиеся винты. Обследуйте кабели. Переустановите комплектующие. Извлеките дискретную видеокарту (если она есть). Избавьтесь от второстепенного оборудования. Поищите дополнительную помощь.


Article in English: If your computer has a memory card reader, it is even more convenient to plug the memory card in directly.  After you are sure the files are safely on your computer’s hard drive, delete the originals on your memory card. Some cameras allow you to transfer files but do not support writing changes to the memory card (i.e. deleting). In this case you may need to clean the card using the camera controls (most cameras have a button or a sequence of buttons to clear the card).

Summary in Russian:

Если у вас есть USB-провод для камеры, просто подсоедините ее к вашему компьютеру с помощью этого провода. Откройте папку камеры, найдите в ней фотографии и скопируйте их в любую папку на вашем компьютере. Очистите память камеры.


Article in English: If your computer restarts, is unable to fix the problem, and then restarts twice more, you'll arrive at this screen.  If you want to restart from the desktop instead, open Start, click Power, and hold down ⇧ Shift while clicking Restart. If you would rather just restore a previous version of Windows, skip to the "Restoring a Previous Version of Windows" section. It's a symbol of a screwdriver and a wrench on this page. You'll find this on the "Troubleshoot" page. It's a gear-shaped symbol on the right side of the page. You'll find it in the lower-right side of the page. Do so on the blue "Startup Settings" page. This will cause your computer to reboot into Safe Mode, which will load only the programs and hardware needed to make Windows run.

Summary in Russian:

Подождите, пока на экране отобразятся дополнительные варианты загрузки. Щелкните Поиск и устранение неисправностей. Нажмите Дополнительные параметры. Нажмите Параметры запуска. Щелкните по Перезагрузка. Нажмите клавишу 4, чтобы выбрать «Безопасный режим».


Article in English: If your computer's Java isn't up to date, you may run into issues while hosting your server:   Windows — Go to https://java.com/en/download/installed.jsp in Internet Explorer (other browsers won't work), then click Agree and Continue and follow any on-screen prompts.  Mac — Go to https://java.com/en/download/, click Free Java Download, open the setup file, and follow any setup instructions. This is necessary to have installed on your computer before running any Java commands:  Go to the JDK webpage  Check the "Accept License Agreement" box below the "Java SE Development Kit 8u171" heading. Click the download link to the right of your operating system. Double-click the install file, then follow the on-screen instructions (on a Mac, you'll drag the Java icon onto the "Applications" folder). Go to https://minecraft.net/en-us/download/server in your computer's web browser, then click the minecraft_server.1.12.2.jar link in the middle of the page. Click and drag the downloaded JAR file onto the "Minecraft Server" folder, then drop it there. You can also click the JAR file, press Ctrl+C (Windows) or ⌘ Command+C (Mac), open the "Minecraft Server" folder, and press Ctrl+V (Windows) or ⌘ Command+V (Mac). Open the "Minecraft Server" folder, then double-click the server.jar (or server) file you moved into the "Minecraft Server" folder. Doing so will prompt a few files to appear in the folder. Once you see a text file entitled "eula" appear in the folder, double-click "eula" to open it, then replace the "eula=false" line at the bottom of the document with eula=true. You can then save the changes by pressing Ctrl+S (Windows) or ⌘ Command+S (Mac) and close the document. It will resume running; a pop-up window with the server's progress will appear, and more files will add to the "Minecraft Server" folder. Once you see "Done!" at the bottom of the pop-up window, you can type stop into the bottom text field in the pop-up window and press ↵ Enter. The server will save its progress and quit. This is the safest way to quit the...

Summary in Russian:

Убедитесь, что Java обновлена. Установите Java JDK (если нужно). Скачайте файл сервера (JAR-файл). Переместите файл сервера в папку «Minecraft Server». Запустите файл сервера. Примите условия использования сервера. Дважды щелкните по файлу сервера (скачанному JAR-файлу). Закройте сервер, когда он завершит работу.


Article in English: If your cortisol levels are low, but not low enough to require hormone replacement therapy, it's still important to keep your life as low-stress as possible. Learning to manage and reduce stress in your life will allow cortisol to gradually increase in your system instead of being produced all at once in high-pressure situations. The more stress you have, the faster your cortisol will get depleted. Try stress management techniques like journal writing, yoga or meditation to teach your body to produce cortisol regularly and maintain healthy levels. The body naturally produces cortisol during the hours when you're sleeping. Get 6-to-8 hours of sleep per night and try to go to sleep around the same time each evening. Create a peaceful environment with no light or noise to get deep sleep and aid cortisol increase. Foods high sugar and refined flour can cause cortisol levels to spike or drop to unhealthy levels. Eat plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables to help raise cortisol levels to a healthy amount. Grapefruit and citrus break down enzymes that limit cortisol production. Adding grapefruit to your diet on a regular basis can help your adrenal glands boost cortisol production. Licorice contains glycyrrhizin, which inhibits the enzyme in your body that breaks down cortisol. Inactivating this enzyme will help you gradually raise cortisol levels. Licorice is considered a very useful substance for boosting cortisol.  Look for licorice herb supplements in tablet or capsule form at a vitamin or health food and supplement store. Avoid using licorice candy as a supplement. It doesn't contain high enough amounts of glycyrrhizin to be useful. This can help increase your energy if you are facing fatigue. Natural iron supplements can be taken if you need an increase in energy as well.

Summary in Russian:

Контролируйте стресс. Соблюдайте режим сна. Придерживайтесь сбалансированной диета. Ешьте грейпфруты. Попробуйте принимать добавки с солодкой. Употребляйте продукты, содержащие железо.


Article in English: If your curry doesn't adequately thicken during the normal cooking time, switch the heat to a simmer. Let the curry simmer over the heat while you keep an eye on it. Keep the curry uncovered while it simmers. As the curry simmers, you can expect it to reduce. Stir the curry as it reduces to test the thickness. Let the curry reduce until it's as thick as you want. Time varies greatly depending on the type of curry, so keep an eye on your curry as it thickens. It may reduce in a few minutes or it may need 10 to 20 minutes to thicken. Sometimes, curry can reduce too much when simmering. This may result in a curry that's too thick. Simply add a little bit of water at a time in this case until your curry gets to the right consistency.

Summary in Russian:

Уменьшите огонь. Варите карри на медленном огне, пока соус достаточно не выварится. Добавьте воду, если карри станет слишком густым.


Article in English: If your data was grouped with the “Group” button then it was done manually. Groups are sometimes created automatically by functions, like Subtotal, which can be identified by a “Subtitle” row under the grouped data. This is located in the top menu bar and will bring up a set of data-specific controls. This button is on the right of the data toolbar in the "Outline" section and will bring up a dialog box. This button is in the lower left of the dialog box and will ungroup all data and remove the subtotals.

Summary in Russian:

Выясните, сгруппированы ли данные вручную или автоматически. Щелкните по вкладке «Данные». Щелкните по «Промежуточные итоги». Нажмите «Удалить все».


Article in English: If your date seems unsure about the idea of dating a single mom, but they also seem to really like you, let them know that you don’t have any expectations of them, and you’re not in a hurry to find your child a new parent. Try saying something like, “We’re doing fine on our own, but I think it’s really important for me to still enjoy adult relationships.” Sometimes, you might come across someone who’s just not ready to have a child in their life. This can be really hard, especially if you like the person a lot, but try to remind yourself that it doesn’t mean there’s anything wrong with you; it’s just the situation you’re both in. Respect their choice and keep looking for the person who’s right for you.  If a rejection is making you feel bad about yourself, boost your self-esteem by making a list of reasons why you're a great catch. Reread the list whenever you doubt your worth. Remind yourself that it’s best to find out early on if the other person isn’t interested in dating someone with a child. A rejection would hurt a lot more later, once you’re beginning to feel more invested in the relationship. Even if your date is totally cool with you being a single mom, you should still wait until you’re sure the relationship is stable and serious before you bring your date around your child. Usually, you should wait until you’ve been dating someone for a few months before setting up an introduction with your child.  Children form attachments easily, and it can be really hard on a child to have a steady stream of dates entering and leaving their life, especially if they’ve already experienced their parents splitting up. If you’re not sure where you stand, talk to your date to gauge how serious you are. A simple question like, "So, are we exclusive?" or "Where do you see this going?" can help you determine if you’re both on the same page. When it’s time, try to set up the meeting in a way that will make your child comfortable, like inviting your date over to your house for pizza and a movie. If the other parent hasn’t...

Summary in Russian:

Если у мужчины есть некоторые опасения, заверьте его, что вы никуда не спешите. Не принимайте отказ на личный счет. Не торопитесь представлять партнера ребенку. Найдите хороший баланс для совместного воспитания.


Article in English: If your dirty clothes are left in a gym bag or a bin with no air-flow, bacteria will grow faster and cause smells that will be difficult to remove. Put dirty laundry in a breathable container such as a mesh hamper as soon as possible. Body oils and sweat build up on the inside of clothes, not the outside, so it can be helpful to turn clothes inside out before putting them in the washer. This is especially true of workout clothes or anything you sweat heavily in. Washers can become smelly themselves when too much detergent builds up, and may leave sour or mildew smells in your laundry. Test for this either by simply smelling the empty washer or by running a cycle with no detergent and watching for any suds that result from built-up detergent.  Detergent buildup can be decreased by running an empty hot cycle with 16 ounces (450 g) of bleach.  Leave your washer’s door or lid open when not in use to air out the inside. You should fill the washer to no more than ¾ of its capacity. Otherwise, the oils, bacteria and other substances that cause unwanted smells will not be thoroughly washed from your clothes and may build up over time. Follows the instructions on your detergent’s label and don’t add more than specified. Detergent increases the water’s viscosity, which can make it more difficult for the water to penetrate the fabric and remove dirt and odors. It can actually act to seal in odors and body oils. If you choose to use fabric softener, avoid using it on clothes that accumulate more odors, such as gym clothes. Dryer sheets can also be used in place of liquid softener, and won’t be as likely to make your clothes retain their smells. Putting smelly clothes in the dryer can “bake” odors into them. If you are dealing with clothes that contain unwanted smells, give them a sniff before throwing them in the dryer, and wash them again if you detect any remaining odors. If your clothes still seem to retain some odors after a second wash, try air-drying them. This can be particularly effective if you are able to hang...

Summary in Russian:

Храните грязное белье в «дышащем» мешке или корзине для белья. Перед стиркой выверните одежду наизнанку. Проверяйте стиральную машину на предмет запаха от стирального порошка. Не перегружайте стиральную машину. Используйте рекомендуемое количество стирального порошка. Не используйте жидкий кондиционер для белья. Проверьте запах одежды перед сушкой.


Article in English: If your doctor has prescribed pain medications for you, then taking your medication about 30 minutes before you go to bed may help to control your pain. Make sure that you follow your doctor’s instructions for how to use your medication and ask your doctor as soon as possible if you have any questions or problems. Keep in mind that some pain medications may make it hard to stay asleep because they can cause sleep apnea. For example, opioid medications such as codeine and morphine can cause you to stop breathing and wake you up in the night. You can use over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or acetaminophen. If you do not have prescription pain medicine for your broken ribs, then you can take an over-the-counter pain medicine. Check with your physician for a specific recommendation of what or how much to take. Do not take more than the recommended dosage. If you have or have had heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, liver disease, stomach ulcers or internal bleeding, ask your physician to see if you can safely take one of these medications. Ice will help to numb the pain a bit and it may also help to reduce the swelling. During the first two days after your injury, you may benefit from using a covered or wrapped ice pack for about 20 minutes every hour.  After the first couple of days, you can use the ice pack for 10 to 20 minutes at least three times per day.  Try applying an ice pack just before you go to bed to help with the pain. Avoid using heat on broken ribs, especially if there is swelling. Heat increases blood flow to the area of application, which can make swelling worse.

Summary in Russian:

Принимайте обезболивающие средства в соответствии с рекомендациями врача. Попробуйте принимать безрецептурные болеутоляющие средства. Прикладывайте к ребрам лед.


Article in English: If your doctor suspects that you may have kidney stones, she will perform a "urinalysis," which assesses various aspects of your urine. If the results are suggestive of possible renal colic, your doctor will proceed with specific imaging tests to look for a kidney stone that may be causing an obstruction and leading to your pain. A specialized type of CT scan — a "non contrast helical CT" — is the imaging test of choice in the diagnosis of renal colic. This is because it provides the best view of kidney stones, if they are in fact present and causing an obstruction, and allows your doctor to confirm the diagnosis of renal colic.  A CT scan can be done in the Emergency Department, usually within a few hours of your arrival (when a condition is deemed "urgent," a CT scan can normally be received right away without needing to go on a wait list). You will be lying down for your CT scan, and you will be in a large, circular machine for a few minutes while the images are being captured. There is plenty of space in a CT scanner (unlike an MRI, which is very enclosed), so problems with claustrophobia are rare when receiving a CT scan. You will not feel anything while the images are being taken; the images are taken via radiation so it is a completely painless experience. If you are someone who is advised to minimize your exposure to radiation (such as a pregnant woman or a child), your doctor may recommend an ultrasound as opposed to a CT scan to evaluate for the presence of kidney stones. While an ultrasound is not as effective as a non-contrast helical CT scan at locating and diagnosing kidney stones, it can detect them in most cases of renal colic and is oftentimes sufficient to make the diagnosis. If the diagnosis remains unclear after receiving an ultrasound exam, your doctor may recommend that you proceed with the CT scan anyway.

Summary in Russian:

Сдайте общий анализ мочи. Пройдите компьютерную томографию. Узнайте у врача об ультразвуке.


Article in English: If your dog has mange, you should keep him away from any other pets you have to prevent them from becoming infected as well. Make sure that your dog is safe and warm. Do not isolate your dog by tying him outside or keeping him in an unheated space in the winter. Select a room in your house to keep him while you are treating him for mange.  Provide food, water, bedding, and toys for your dog while he is in isolation. Make sure that you spend time with him, take him for walks, and play with him so that he is not frightened by the isolation. In rare cases, humans may become infected with the mites that cause mange in dogs. Protect yourself by wearing gloves when you administer treatments to your dog.  You don't need to isolate your dog if it has demodex, as this is not highly infectious. Your dog’s treatment will depend on the type of mange he has and this can only be determined with certainty by a licensed veterinarian. Some dogs will need special baths, prescription medications, or even injections to treat their mange. Make sure that you follow the veterinarian’s instructions for treating your dog and contact your vet if you have any questions or concerns. Do not attempt to diagnose and treat your dog without the help of a veterinarian. In order to prevent mites from hiding out on your dog’s bedding or collar, you should remove these items and replace them.Change and wash your dog’s bedding daily to keep it free from mites. Use hot water, soap, and bleach to thoroughly cleanse your dog’s bedding. Mange can cause dogs to become stressed because of the itching, isolation, vet visits, medications, and other treatments that they receive to treat their mange. As your dog goes through his treatment, make sure to do things that will help to keep him calm. For example, you can provide him with a treat after he has had a bath, make sure that you visit him often while he is in isolation, and do things that you normally do together like going for walks and playing in the backyard.

Summary in Russian:

Изолируйте своего питомца, чтобы от него не заразились другие животные. Применяйте медикаменты и прочие процедуры в соответствии с указаниями ветеринара. Вымойте либо смените подстилку и другие предметы, с которыми соприкасалась ваша собака. Помогите питомцу преодолеть психологический стресс, испытываемый им во время болезни.