Let p be the cost of a full-priced pen.
We know that the first 10 pens are sold at the regular price, so they cost 10*p.
We also know the any pens purchased after the first 10 are half-price, so they cost (20 pens - 10 pens) * p/2 on those.
If we add the cost of the first 10 pens and the pens sold at half-price it equals the total purchase of price of $30=10*p + (20-10)*p/2.
Thus, $30 = 10*p + 10 * p/2.
And, $30 = 10 *p + 5*p.
So, $30 = 15* p.
Finally, p=$<<2=2>>2.
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