40% of $50 is (40/100)*$50 = $<<(40/100)*50=20>>20
After Moses takes $20, there will be $50-$20 = $<<50-20=30>>30 left
Tony and Esther will split $30 equally among themselves so each of them will get $30/2 = $<<30/2=15>>15
Moses gets $20-$15 = $<<20-15=5>>5 more than Esther
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