bobroberts2639/cve-kev-snapshot-90d-2025-10-29 huggingface dataset:
CVE-2023-53312 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:37.117000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: fix net_dev_start_xmit trace event vs skb_transport_offset()

After blamed commit, we must be more careful about using
skb_transport_offset(), as reminded us by syzbot:

WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 10 at include/linux/skbuff.h:2868 skb_transport_offset include/linux/skbuff.h:2977 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 10 at include/linux/skbuff.h:2868 perf_trace_net_dev_start_xmit+0x89a/0xce0 include/trace/events/net.h:14
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 10 Comm: kworker/u4:1 Not tainted 6.1.30-syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/27/2023
Workqueue: bat_events batadv_iv_send_outstanding_bat_ogm_packet
RIP: 0010:skb_transport_header include/linux/skbuff.h:2868 [inline]
RIP: 0010:skb_transport_offset include/linux/skbuff.h:2977 [inline]
RIP: 0010:perf_trace_net_dev_start_xmit+0x89a/0xce0 include/trace/events/net.h:14
Code: 8b 04 25 28 00 00 00 48 3b 84 24 c0 00 00 00 0f 85 4e 04 00 00 48 8d 65 d8 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d c3 cc e8 56 22 01 fd <0f> 0b e9 f6 fc ff ff 89 f9 80 e1 07 80 c1 03 38 c1 0f 8c 86 f9 ff
RSP: 0018:ffffc900002bf700 EFLAGS: 00010293
RAX: ffffffff8485d8ca RBX: 000000000000ffff RCX: ffff888100914280
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000ffff RDI: 000000000000ffff
RBP: ffffc900002bf818 R08: ffffffff8485d5b6 R09: fffffbfff0f8fb5e
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: dffffc0000000001 R12: 1ffff110217d8f67
R13: ffff88810bec7b3a R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: dffffc0000000000
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8881f6a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f96cf6d52f0 CR3: 000000012224c000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0
Call Trace:
<TASK>
[<ffffffff84715e35>] trace_net_dev_start_xmit include/trace/events/net.h:14 [inline]
[<ffffffff84715e35>] xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3643 [inline]
[<ffffffff84715e35>] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x705/0x980 net/core/dev.c:3660
[<ffffffff8471a232>] __dev_queue_xmit+0x16b2/0x3370 net/core/dev.c:4324
[<ffffffff85416493>] dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3030 [inline]
[<ffffffff85416493>] batadv_send_skb_packet+0x3f3/0x680 net/batman-adv/send.c:108
[<ffffffff85416744>] batadv_send_broadcast_skb+0x24/0x30 net/batman-adv/send.c:127
[<ffffffff853bc52a>] batadv_iv_ogm_send_to_if net/batman-adv/bat_iv_ogm.c:393 [inline]
[<ffffffff853bc52a>] batadv_iv_ogm_emit net/batman-adv/bat_iv_ogm.c:421 [inline]
[<ffffffff853bc52a>] batadv_iv_send_outstanding_bat_ogm_packet+0x69a/0x840 net/batman-adv/bat_iv_ogm.c:1701
[<ffffffff8151023c>] process_one_work+0x8ac/0x1170 kernel/workqueue.c:2289
[<ffffffff81511938>] worker_thread+0xaa8/0x12d0 kernel/workqueue.c:2436
CVE-2023-53314 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:37.360000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fbdev/ep93xx-fb: Do not assign to struct fb_info.dev

Do not assing the Linux device to struct fb_info.dev. The call to
register_framebuffer() initializes the field to the fbdev device.
Drivers should not override its value.

Fixes a bug where the driver incorrectly decreases the hardware
device's reference counter and leaks the fbdev device.

v2:
	* add Fixes tag (Dan)
CVE-2023-53315 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:37.480000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: ath11k: Fix SKB corruption in REO destination ring

While running traffics for a long time, randomly an RX descriptor
filled with value "0" from REO destination ring is received.
This descriptor which is invalid causes the wrong SKB (SKB stored in
the IDR lookup with buffer id "0") to be fetched which in turn
causes SKB memory corruption issue and the same leads to crash
after some time.

Changed the start id for idr allocation to "1" and the buffer id "0"
is reserved for error validation. Introduced Sanity check to validate
the descriptor, before processing the SKB.

Crash Signature :

Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 3f004900
PC points to "b15_dma_inv_range+0x30/0x50"
LR points to "dma_cache_maint_page+0x8c/0x128".
The Backtrace obtained is as follows:
[<8031716c>] (b15_dma_inv_range) from [<80313a4c>] (dma_cache_maint_page+0x8c/0x128)
[<80313a4c>] (dma_cache_maint_page) from [<80313b90>] (__dma_page_dev_to_cpu+0x28/0xcc)
[<80313b90>] (__dma_page_dev_to_cpu) from [<7fb5dd68>] (ath11k_dp_process_rx+0x1e8/0x4a4 [ath11k])
[<7fb5dd68>] (ath11k_dp_process_rx [ath11k]) from [<7fb53c20>] (ath11k_dp_service_srng+0xb0/0x2ac [ath11k])
[<7fb53c20>] (ath11k_dp_service_srng [ath11k]) from [<7f67bba4>] (ath11k_pci_ext_grp_napi_poll+0x1c/0x78 [ath11k_pci])
[<7f67bba4>] (ath11k_pci_ext_grp_napi_poll [ath11k_pci]) from [<807d5cf4>] (__napi_poll+0x28/0xb8)
[<807d5cf4>] (__napi_poll) from [<807d5f28>] (net_rx_action+0xf0/0x280)
[<807d5f28>] (net_rx_action) from [<80302148>] (__do_softirq+0xd0/0x280)
[<80302148>] (__do_softirq) from [<80320408>] (irq_exit+0x74/0xd4)
[<80320408>] (irq_exit) from [<803638a4>] (__handle_domain_irq+0x90/0xb4)
[<803638a4>] (__handle_domain_irq) from [<805bedec>] (gic_handle_irq+0x58/0x90)
[<805bedec>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<80301a78>] (__irq_svc+0x58/0x8c)

Tested-on: IPQ8074 hw2.0 AHB WLAN.HK.2.7.0.1-01744-QCAHKSWPL_SILICONZ-1
CVE-2023-53316 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:37.600000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/msm/dp: Free resources after unregistering them

The DP component's unbind operation walks through the submodules to
unregister and clean things up. But if the unbind happens because the DP
controller itself is being removed, all the memory for those submodules
has just been freed.

Change the order of these operations to avoid the many use-after-free
that otherwise happens in this code path.

Patchwork: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/542166/
CVE-2023-53320 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.050000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: mpi3mr: Fix issues in mpi3mr_get_all_tgt_info()

The function mpi3mr_get_all_tgt_info() has four issues:

1) It calculates valid entry length in alltgt_info assuming the header part
   of the struct mpi3mr_device_map_info would equal to sizeof(u32).  The
   correct size is sizeof(u64).

2) When it calculates the valid entry length kern_entrylen, it excludes one
   entry by subtracting 1 from num_devices.

3) It copies num_device by calling memcpy(). Substitution is enough.

4) It does not specify the calculated length to sg_copy_from_buffer().
   Instead, it specifies the payload length which is larger than the
   alltgt_info size. It causes "BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds".

Fix the issues by using the correct header size, removing the subtraction
from num_devices, replacing the memcpy() with substitution and specifying
the correct length to sg_copy_from_buffer().
CVE-2023-53321 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.173000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: mac80211_hwsim: drop short frames

While technically some control frames like ACK are shorter and
end after Address 1, such frames shouldn't be forwarded through
wmediumd or similar userspace, so require the full 3-address
header to avoid accessing invalid memory if shorter frames are
passed in.
CVE-2023-53322 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.287000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: qla2xxx: Wait for io return on terminate rport

System crash due to use after free.
Current code allows terminate_rport_io to exit before making
sure all IOs has returned. For FCP-2 device, IO's can hang
on in HW because driver has not tear down the session in FW at
first sign of cable pull. When dev_loss_tmo timer pops,
terminate_rport_io is called and upper layer is about to
free various resources. Terminate_rport_io trigger qla to do
the final cleanup, but the cleanup might not be fast enough where it
leave qla still holding on to the same resource.

Wait for IO's to return to upper layer before resources are freed.
CVE-2023-53323 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.410000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ext2/dax: Fix ext2_setsize when len is page aligned

PAGE_ALIGN(x) macro gives the next highest value which is multiple of
pagesize. But if x is already page aligned then it simply returns x.
So, if x passed is 0 in dax_zero_range() function, that means the
length gets passed as 0 to ->iomap_begin().

In ext2 it then calls ext2_get_blocks -> max_blocks as 0 and hits bug_on
here in ext2_get_blocks().
	BUG_ON(maxblocks == 0);

Instead we should be calling dax_truncate_page() here which takes
care of it. i.e. it only calls dax_zero_range if the offset is not
page/block aligned.

This can be easily triggered with following on fsdax mounted pmem
device.

dd if=/dev/zero of=file count=1 bs=512
truncate -s 0 file

[79.525838] EXT2-fs (pmem0): DAX enabled. Warning: EXPERIMENTAL, use at your own risk
[79.529376] ext2 filesystem being mounted at /mnt1/test supports timestamps until 2038 (0x7fffffff)
[93.793207] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[93.795102] kernel BUG at fs/ext2/inode.c:637!
[93.796904] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI
[93.798659] CPU: 0 PID: 1192 Comm: truncate Not tainted 6.3.0-rc2-xfstests-00056-g131086faa369 #139
[93.806459] RIP: 0010:ext2_get_blocks.constprop.0+0x524/0x610
<...>
[93.835298] Call Trace:
[93.836253]  <TASK>
[93.837103]  ? lock_acquire+0xf8/0x110
[93.838479]  ? d_lookup+0x69/0xd0
[93.839779]  ext2_iomap_begin+0xa7/0x1c0
[93.841154]  iomap_iter+0xc7/0x150
[93.842425]  dax_zero_range+0x6e/0xa0
[93.843813]  ext2_setsize+0x176/0x1b0
[93.845164]  ext2_setattr+0x151/0x200
[93.846467]  notify_change+0x341/0x4e0
[93.847805]  ? lock_acquire+0xf8/0x110
[93.849143]  ? do_truncate+0x74/0xe0
[93.850452]  ? do_truncate+0x84/0xe0
[93.851739]  do_truncate+0x84/0xe0
[93.852974]  do_sys_ftruncate+0x2b4/0x2f0
[93.854404]  do_syscall_64+0x3f/0x90
[93.855789]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
CVE-2023-53324 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.520000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/msm/mdp5: Don't leak some plane state

Apparently no one noticed that mdp5 plane states leak like a sieve
ever since we introduced plane_state->commit refcount a few years ago
in 21a01abbe32a ("drm/atomic: Fix freeing connector/plane state too
early by tracking commits, v3.")

Fix it by using the right helpers.

Patchwork: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/551236/
CVE-2023-53325 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.657000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/mediatek: dp: Change logging to dev for mtk_dp_aux_transfer()

Change logging from drm_{err,info}() to dev_{err,info}() in functions
mtk_dp_aux_transfer() and mtk_dp_aux_do_transfer(): this will be
essential to avoid getting NULL pointer kernel panics if any kind
of error happens during AUX transfers happening before the bridge
is attached.

This may potentially start happening in a later commit implementing
aux-bus support, as AUX transfers will be triggered from the panel
driver (for EDID) before the mtk-dp bridge gets attached, and it's
done in preparation for the same.
CVE-2023-53326 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.783000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

powerpc: Don't try to copy PPR for task with NULL pt_regs

powerpc sets up PF_KTHREAD and PF_IO_WORKER with a NULL pt_regs, which
from my (arguably very short) checking is not commonly done for other
archs. This is fine, except when PF_IO_WORKER's have been created and
the task does something that causes a coredump to be generated. Then we
get this crash:

  Kernel attempted to read user page (160) - exploit attempt? (uid: 1000)
  BUG: Kernel NULL pointer dereference on read at 0x00000160
  Faulting instruction address: 0xc0000000000c3a60
  Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]
  LE PAGE_SIZE=64K MMU=Radix SMP NR_CPUS=32 NUMA pSeries
  Modules linked in: bochs drm_vram_helper drm_kms_helper xts binfmt_misc ecb ctr syscopyarea sysfillrect cbc sysimgblt drm_ttm_helper aes_generic ttm sg libaes evdev joydev virtio_balloon vmx_crypto gf128mul drm dm_mod fuse loop configfs drm_panel_orientation_quirks ip_tables x_tables autofs4 hid_generic usbhid hid xhci_pci xhci_hcd usbcore usb_common sd_mod
  CPU: 1 PID: 1982 Comm: ppc-crash Not tainted 6.3.0-rc2+ #88
  Hardware name: IBM pSeries (emulated by qemu) POWER9 (raw) 0x4e1202 0xf000005 of:SLOF,HEAD hv:linux,kvm pSeries
  NIP:  c0000000000c3a60 LR: c000000000039944 CTR: c0000000000398e0
  REGS: c0000000041833b0 TRAP: 0300   Not tainted  (6.3.0-rc2+)
  MSR:  800000000280b033 <SF,VEC,VSX,EE,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE>  CR: 88082828  XER: 200400f8
  ...
  NIP memcpy_power7+0x200/0x7d0
  LR  ppr_get+0x64/0xb0
  Call Trace:
    ppr_get+0x40/0xb0 (unreliable)
    __regset_get+0x180/0x1f0
    regset_get_alloc+0x64/0x90
    elf_core_dump+0xb98/0x1b60
    do_coredump+0x1c34/0x24a0
    get_signal+0x71c/0x1410
    do_notify_resume+0x140/0x6f0
    interrupt_exit_user_prepare_main+0x29c/0x320
    interrupt_exit_user_prepare+0x6c/0xa0
    interrupt_return_srr_user+0x8/0x138

Because ppr_get() is trying to copy from a PF_IO_WORKER with a NULL
pt_regs.

Check for a valid pt_regs in both ppc_get/ppr_set, and return an error
if not set. The actual error value doesn't seem to be important here, so
just pick -EINVAL.

[mpe: Trim oops in change log, add Fixes & Cc stable]
CVE-2023-53327 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:38.910000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommufd/selftest: Catch overflow of uptr and length

syzkaller hits a WARN_ON when trying to have a uptr close to UINTPTR_MAX:

  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 393 at drivers/iommu/iommufd/selftest.c:403 iommufd_test+0xb19/0x16f0
  Modules linked in:
  CPU: 1 PID: 393 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.2.0-c9c3395d5e3d #1
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
  RIP: 0010:iommufd_test+0xb19/0x16f0
  Code: 94 c4 31 ff 44 89 e6 e8 a5 54 17 ff 45 84 e4 0f 85 bb 0b 00 00 41 be fb ff ff ff e8 31 53 17 ff e9 a0 f7 ff ff e8 27 53 17 ff <0f> 0b 41 be 8
  RSP: 0018:ffffc90000eabdc0 EFLAGS: 00010246
  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8214c487
  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88800f5c8000 RDI: 0000000000000002
  RBP: ffffc90000eabe48 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000001
  R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000cd2b0000
  R13: 00000000cd2af000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffffc90000eabe68
  FS:  00007f94d76d5740(0000) GS:ffff88807dd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 0000000020000043 CR3: 0000000006880006 CR4: 0000000000770ee0
  PKRU: 55555554
  Call Trace:
   <TASK>
   ? write_comp_data+0x2f/0x90
   iommufd_fops_ioctl+0x1ef/0x310
   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x10e/0x160
   ? __pfx_iommufd_fops_ioctl+0x10/0x10
   do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc

Check that the user memory range doesn't overflow.
CVE-2023-53331 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:39.597000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

pstore/ram: Check start of empty przs during init

After commit 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as
valid"), initialization would assume a prz was valid after seeing that
the buffer_size is zero (regardless of the buffer start position). This
unchecked start value means it could be outside the bounds of the buffer,
leading to future access panics when written to:

 sysdump_panic_event+0x3b4/0x5b8
 atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x54/0x90
 panic+0x1c8/0x42c
 die+0x29c/0x2a8
 die_kernel_fault+0x68/0x78
 __do_kernel_fault+0x1c4/0x1e0
 do_bad_area+0x40/0x100
 do_translation_fault+0x68/0x80
 do_mem_abort+0x68/0xf8
 el1_da+0x1c/0xc0
 __raw_writeb+0x38/0x174
 __memcpy_toio+0x40/0xac
 persistent_ram_update+0x44/0x12c
 persistent_ram_write+0x1a8/0x1b8
 ramoops_pstore_write+0x198/0x1e8
 pstore_console_write+0x94/0xe0
 ...

To avoid this, also check if the prz start is 0 during the initialization
phase. If not, the next prz sanity check case will discover it (start >
size) and zap the buffer back to a sane state.

[kees: update commit log with backtrace and clarifications]
CVE-2023-53332 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:39.730000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

genirq/ipi: Fix NULL pointer deref in irq_data_get_affinity_mask()

If ipi_send_{mask|single}() is called with an invalid interrupt number, all
the local variables there will be NULL. ipi_send_verify() which is invoked
from these functions does verify its 'data' parameter, resulting in a
kernel oops in irq_data_get_affinity_mask() as the passed NULL pointer gets
dereferenced.

Add a missing NULL pointer check in ipi_send_verify()...

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with the SVACE static
analysis tool.
CVE-2023-53333 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:39.837000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: conntrack: dccp: copy entire header to stack buffer, not just basic one

Eric Dumazet says:
  nf_conntrack_dccp_packet() has an unique:

  dh = skb_header_pointer(skb, dataoff, sizeof(_dh), &_dh);

  And nothing more is 'pulled' from the packet, depending on the content.
  dh->dccph_doff, and/or dh->dccph_x ...)
  So dccp_ack_seq() is happily reading stuff past the _dh buffer.

BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in nf_conntrack_dccp_packet+0x1134/0x11c0
Read of size 4 at addr ffff000128f66e0c by task syz-executor.2/29371
[..]

Fix this by increasing the stack buffer to also include room for
the extra sequence numbers and all the known dccp packet type headers,
then pull again after the initial validation of the basic header.

While at it, mark packets invalid that lack 48bit sequence bit but
where RFC says the type MUST use them.

Compile tested only.

v2: first skb_header_pointer() now needs to adjust the size to
    only pull the generic header. (Eric)

Heads-up: I intend to remove dccp conntrack support later this year.
CVE-2023-53334 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:39.957000+00:00)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

USB: chipidea: fix memory leak with using debugfs_lookup()

When calling debugfs_lookup() the result must have dput() called on it,
otherwise the memory will leak over time.  To make things simpler, just
call debugfs_lookup_and_remove() instead which handles all of the logic
at once.
CVE-2025-43801 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:40.923000+00:00)
Unchecked input for loop condition vulnerability in XML-RPC in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.111, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92, 7.3 GA through update 35, and older unsupported versions allows remote attackers to perform a denial-of-service (DoS) attacks via a crafted XML-RPC request.
CVE-2025-58174 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:41.147000+00:00)
LDAP Account Manager (LAM) is a webfrontend for managing entries stored in an LDAP directory. LAM before 9.3 allows stored cross-site scripting in the Profile section via the profile name field, which renders untrusted input as HTML and executes a supplied script (for example a script element). An authenticated user with permission to create or edit a profile can insert a script payload into the profile name and have it executed when the profile data is viewed in a browser. This issue is fixed in version 9.3. No known workarounds are mentioned.
CVE-2025-59050 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:41.433000+00:00)
Greenshot is an open source Windows screenshot utility. Greenshot 1.3.300 and earlier deserializes attacker-controlled data received in a WM_COPYDATA message using BinaryFormatter.Deserialize without prior validation or authentication, allowing a local process at the same integrity level to trigger arbitrary code execution inside the Greenshot process. The vulnerable logic resides in a WinForms WndProc handler for WM_COPYDATA (message 74) that copies the supplied bytes into a MemoryStream and invokes BinaryFormatter.Deserialize, and only afterward checks whether the specified channel is authorized. Because the authorization check occurs after deserialization, any gadget chain embedded in the serialized payload executes regardless of channel membership. A local attacker who can send WM_COPYDATA to the Greenshot main window can achieve in-process code execution, which may aid evasion of application control policies by running payloads within the trusted, signed Greenshot.exe process. This issue is fixed in version 1.3.301. No known workarounds exist.
CVE-2025-59160 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:41.590000+00:00)
Matrix JavaScript SDK is a Matrix Client-Server SDK for JavaScript and TypeScript. matrix-js-sdk before 38.2.0 has insufficient validation of room predecessor links in MatrixClient::getJoinedRooms, allowing a remote attacker to attempt to replace a tombstoned room with an unrelated attacker-supplied room. The issue has been patched and users should upgrade to 38.2.0. A workaround is to avoid using MatrixClient::getJoinedRooms in favor of getRooms() and filtering upgraded rooms separately.
CVE-2025-59161 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:41.747000+00:00)
Element Web is a Matrix web client built using the Matrix React SDK. Element Web and Element Desktop before version 1.11.112 have insufficient validation of room predecessor links, allowing a remote attacker to attempt to impermanently replace a room's entry in the room list with an unrelated attacker-supplied room. While the effect of this is temporary, it may still confuse users into acting on incorrect assumptions. The issue has been patched and users should upgrade to 1.11.112. A reload/refresh will fix the incorrect room list state, removing the attacker's room and restoring the original room.
CVE-2025-59334 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:41.893000+00:00)
Linkr is a lightweight file delivery system that downloads files from a webserver. Linkr versions through 2.0.0 do not verify the integrity or authenticity of .linkr manifest files before using their contents, allowing a tampered manifest to inject arbitrary file entries into a package distribution. An attacker can modify a generated .linkr manifest (for example by adding a new entry with a malicious URL) and when a user runs the extract command the client downloads the attacker-supplied file without verification. This enables arbitrary file injection and creates a potential path to remote code execution if a downloaded malicious binary or script is later executed. Version 2.0.1 adds a manifest integrity check that compares the checksum of the original author-created manifest to the one being extracted and aborts on mismatch, warning if no original manifest is hosted. Users should update to 2.0.1 or later. As a workaround prior to updating, use only trusted .linkr manifests, manually verify manifest integrity, and host manifests on trusted servers.
CVE-2025-59336 (published 2025-09-16 17:15:42.047000+00:00)
Luanox is a module host for Lua packages. Prior to 0.1.1, a file traversal vulnerability can cause potential denial of service by overwriting Phoenix runtime files. Package names like ../../package are not properly filtered and pass the validity check of the rockspec verification system. This causes the uploaded file to be stored at the relative path location. If planned carefully, this could overwrite a runtime file and cause the website to crash. This vulnerability is fixed by 0.1.1.
CVE-2025-10572 (published 2025-09-16 18:15:34.090000+00:00)
Rejected reason: ** REJECT ** DO NOT USE THIS CANDIDATE NUMBER. ConsultIDs: CVE-2025-9199. Reason: This candidate is a reservation duplicate of CVE-2025-9199. Notes: All CVE users should reference CVE-2025-9199 instead of this candidate. All references and descriptions in this candidate have been removed to prevent accidental usage.
CVE-2025-54237 (published 2025-09-16 18:15:52.053000+00:00)
Substance3D - Stager versions 3.1.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
CVE-2025-54262 (published 2025-09-16 18:15:53.737000+00:00)
Substance3D - Stager versions 3.1.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
CVE-2025-57625 (published 2025-09-16 18:16:02.633000+00:00)
CYRISMA Sensor before 444 for Windows has an Insecure Folder and File Permissions vulnerability. A low-privileged user can abuse these issues to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM by replacing DataSpotliteAgent.exe or any other binaries called by the Cyrisma_Agent service when it starts
CVE-2025-10562 (published 2025-09-16 19:15:34.713000+00:00)
A flaw has been found in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. This affects an unknown function of the file /ajax.php?action=save_product. This manipulation of the argument ID causes sql injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used.
CVE-2025-10563 (published 2025-09-16 20:15:33.533000+00:00)
A vulnerability has been found in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /ajax.php?action=save_category. Such manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVE-2025-34183 (published 2025-09-16 20:15:34.287000+00:00)
Ilevia EVE X1 Server version ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contains a vulnerability in its server-side logging mechanism that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to retrieve plaintext credentials from exposed .log files. This flaw enables full authentication bypass and system compromise through credential reuse.
CVE-2025-34184 (published 2025-09-16 20:15:34.433000+00:00)
Ilevia EVE X1 Server version ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contains an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the /ajax/php/login.php script. Remote attackers can execute arbitrary system commands by injecting payloads into the 'passwd' HTTP POST parameter, leading to full system compromise or denial of service.
CVE-2025-34186 (published 2025-09-16 20:15:34.720000+00:00)
Ilevia EVE X1/X5 Server version ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contains a vulnerability in its authentication mechanism. Unsanitized input is passed to a system() call for authentication, allowing attackers to inject special characters and manipulate command parsing. Due to the binary's interpretation of non-zero exit codes as successful authentication, remote attackers can bypass authentication and gain full access to the system.
CVE-2025-34187 (published 2025-09-16 20:15:34.860000+00:00)
Ilevia EVE X1/X5 Server version ≤ 4.7.18.0.eden contains a misconfiguration in the sudoers file that allows passwordless execution of certain Bash scripts. If these scripts are writable by web-facing users or accessible via command injection, attackers can replace them with malicious payloads. Execution with sudo grants full root access, resulting in remote privilege escalation and potential system compromise.
CVE-2025-10564 (published 2025-09-16 21:15:33.370000+00:00)
A vulnerability was found in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /ajax.php?action=delete_category. Performing manipulation of the argument ID results in sql injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
CVE-2025-10565 (published 2025-09-16 21:15:33.570000+00:00)
A vulnerability was determined in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /ajax.php?action=delete_receiving. Executing manipulation of the argument ID can lead to sql injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
CVE-2025-54391 (published 2025-09-16 21:15:33.880000+00:00)
A vulnerability in the EnableTwoFactorAuthRequest SOAP endpoint of Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) allows an attacker with valid user credentials to bypass Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) protection. The attacker can configure an additional 2FA method (either a third-party authenticator app or email-based 2FA) without presenting a valid authentication token or proving access to an already configured 2FA method. This bypasses 2FA and results in unauthorized access to accounts that are otherwise protected by 2FA.
CVE-2025-10566 (published 2025-09-16 22:15:32.233000+00:00)
A vulnerability was identified in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php?page=users. The manipulation of the argument page leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
CVE-2025-43805 (published 2025-09-16 22:15:33.253000+00:00)
Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.111, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 GA through update 35 does not perform an authorization check when users attempt to view a display page template, which allows remote attackers to view display page templates via crafted URLs.
CVE-2025-9708 (published 2025-09-16 22:15:33.407000+00:00)
A vulnerability exists in the Kubernetes C# client where the certificate validation logic accepts properly constructed certificates from any Certificate Authority (CA) without properly verifying the trust chain. This flaw allows a malicious actor to present a forged certificate and potentially intercept or manipulate communication with the Kubernetes API server, leading to possible man-in-the-middle attacks and API impersonation.
CVE-2025-37127 (published 2025-09-16 23:15:32.493000+00:00)
A vulnerability in the cryptographic logic used by HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways could allow an authenticated remote attacker to gain shell access. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system, potentially leading to unauthorized access and control over the affected systems.
CVE-2025-43804 (published 2025-09-16 23:15:33.157000+00:00)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Search widget in Liferay Portal 7.4.3.93 through 7.4.3.111, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the _com_liferay_portal_search_web_portlet_SearchPortlet_userId parameter.
CVE-2025-10050 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:32.327000+00:00)
The Developer Loggers for Simple History plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 0.5 via the enabled_loggers parameter. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Administrator-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.
CVE-2025-10143 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:32.947000+00:00)
The Catch Dark Mode plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 2.0 via the 'catch_dark_mode' shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.
CVE-2025-10166 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:33.127000+00:00)
The Social Media Shortcodes plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's 'twitter' shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.1 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-8153 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:33.310000+00:00)
Cross-site Scripting vulnerability in NEC Corporation UNIVERGE IX from Ver.9.5 to Ver.10.7, from Ver.10.8.21 to Ver.10.8.36, from Ver.10.9.11 to Ver.10.9.24, from Ver.10.10.21 to Ver.10.10.31, Ver.10.11.6 and UNIVERGE IX-R/IX-V Ver1.3.16, Ver1.3.21 allows a attacker to inject an arbitrary scripts may be executed on the user's browser.
CVE-2025-8394 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:33.470000+00:00)
The Productive Style plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's display_productive_breadcrumb shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.23 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-9629 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:33.650000+00:00)
The USS Upyun plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.0. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the uss_setting_page function when processing the uss_set form type. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to modify critical Upyun cloud storage settings including bucket name, operator credentials, upload paths, and image processing parameters via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVE-2025-9851 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:33.830000+00:00)
The Appointmind plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's 'appointmind_calendar' shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.0 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-9891 (published 2025-09-17 02:15:34.003000+00:00)
The User Sync – Remote User Sync plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the mo_user_sync_form_handler() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to deactivate the plugin via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVE-2025-10125 (published 2025-09-17 04:15:53.863000+00:00)
The Memberlite Shortcodes plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugins's 'row' shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 1.4 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-10188 (published 2025-09-17 04:16:05.160000+00:00)
The The Hack Repair Guy's Plugin Archiver plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.4. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the bulk_remove() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to arbitrary directory deletion in /wp-content via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVE-2025-10584 (published 2025-09-17 04:16:05.463000+00:00)
A vulnerability was identified in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_calendario_anotacao_cad.php. Such manipulation of the argument nm_anotacao/descricao leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
CVE-2025-59518 (published 2025-09-17 04:16:12.527000+00:00)
In LemonLDAP::NG before 2.16.7 and 2.17 through 2.21 before 2.21.3, OS command injection can occur in the Safe jail. It does not Localize _ during rule evaluation. Thus, an administrator who can edit a rule evaluated by the Safe jail can execute commands on the server.
CVE-2025-9818 (published 2025-09-17 04:16:13.090000+00:00)
A vulnerability (CWE-428) has been identified in the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) management application provided by OMRON SOCIAL SOLUTIONS Co., Ltd., where the executable file paths of Windows services are not enclosed in quotation marks. If the installation folder path of this product contains spaces, there is a possibility that unauthorized files may be executed under the service privileges by using paths containing spaces.
CVE-2025-10042 (published 2025-09-17 06:15:43.030000+00:00)
The Quiz Maker plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via spoofed IP headers in all versions up to, and including, 6.7.0.56 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query.  This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database. This is only exploitable in configurations where the server is set up to retrieve the IP from a user-supplied field like `X-Forwarded-For` and limit users by IP is enabled.
CVE-2025-10057 (published 2025-09-17 06:15:44.643000+00:00)
The WP Import – Ultimate CSV XML Importer for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 7.28. This is due to the write_to_customfile() function writing unfiltered PHP code to a file. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to inject the customFunction.php file with PHP code that can be accessed to trigger remote code execution.
CVE-2025-10058 (published 2025-09-17 06:15:45.730000+00:00)
The WP Import – Ultimate CSV XML Importer for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the upload_function() function in all versions up to, and including, 7.27. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary files on the server, which can easily lead to remote code execution when the right file is deleted (such as wp-config.php).
CVE-2025-9203 (published 2025-09-17 07:15:42.083000+00:00)
The Media Player Addons for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'subtitle_ssize', 'track_title', and 'track_artist_name' parameters in version 1.0.5. This is due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user-supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-9215 (published 2025-09-17 07:15:42.280000+00:00)
The StoreEngine – Powerful WordPress eCommerce Plugin for Payments, Memberships, Affiliates, Sales & More plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Path Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.0 via the file_download() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information.
CVE-2025-9216 (published 2025-09-17 07:15:42.477000+00:00)
The StoreEngine – Powerful WordPress eCommerce Plugin for Payments, Memberships, Affiliates, Sales & More plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the import() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
CVE-2025-9565 (published 2025-09-17 07:15:43.200000+00:00)
The Blocksy Companion plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's blocksy_newsletter_subscribe shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.10 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2025-9242 (published 2025-09-17 08:15:33.960000+00:00)
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects both the Mobile User VPN with IKEv2 and the Branch Office VPN using IKEv2 when configured with a dynamic gateway peer.This vulnerability affects Fireware OS 11.10.2 up to and including 11.12.4_Update1, 12.0 up to and including 12.11.3 and 2025.1.
CVE-2025-0419 (published 2025-09-17 09:15:30.510000+00:00)
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Zirve Information Technologies Inc. Zirve Nova allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects Zirve Nova: from 235 through 20250131.
CVE-2025-59458 (published 2025-09-17 09:15:32.350000+00:00)
In JetBrains Junie before 252.284.66,
251.284.66,
243.284.66,
252.284.61,
251.284.61,
243.284.61,
252.284.50,
252.284.54,
251.284.54,
251.284.50,
243.284.54,
243.284.50 code execution was possible due to improper command validation
CVE-2025-0420 (published 2025-09-17 10:15:34.193000+00:00)
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Paraşüt Software Paraşüt allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects Paraşüt: from 0.0.0.65efa44e through 20250204.
CVE-2025-10155 (published 2025-09-17 10:15:36.913000+00:00)
An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the scanning logic of mmaitre314 picklescan versions up to and including 0.0.30 allows a remote attacker to bypass pickle files security checks by supplying a standard pickle file with a PyTorch-related file extension. When the pickle file incorrectly considered safe is loaded, it can lead to the execution of malicious code.
CVE-2025-10156 (published 2025-09-17 11:15:32.020000+00:00)
An Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the ZIP archive scanning component of mmaitre314 picklescan allows a remote attacker to bypass security scans. This is achieved by crafting a ZIP archive containing a file with a bad Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), which causes the scanner to halt and fail to analyze the contents for malicious pickle files. When the file incorrectly considered safe is loaded, it can lead to the execution of malicious code.
CVE-2025-10590 (published 2025-09-17 11:15:32.253000+00:00)
A security flaw has been discovered in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_usuario_det.php. The manipulation of the argument ref_pessoa results in cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited.
CVE-2025-10591 (published 2025-09-17 11:15:32.520000+00:00)
A weakness has been identified in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. This affects an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_funcao_cad.php of the component Editar Função Page. This manipulation of the argument abreviatura/tipoacao causes cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.
CVE-2025-0546 (published 2025-09-17 12:15:37.590000+00:00)
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting'), Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames vulnerability in Mevzuattr Software MevzuatTR allows Phishing, iFrame Overlay, Clickjacking, Forceful Browsing. This issue needs high privileges. This issue affects MevzuatTR: before 12.02.2025.
CVE-2025-10157 (published 2025-09-17 12:15:38.097000+00:00)
A Protection Mechanism Failure vulnerability in mmaitre314 picklescan versions up to and including 0.0.30 allows a remote attacker to bypass the unsafe globals check. This is possible because the scanner performs an exact match for module names, allowing malicious payloads to be loaded via submodules of dangerous packages (e.g., 'asyncio.unix_events' instead of 'asyncio'). 

When the incorrectly considered safe file is loaded after scan, it can lead to the execution of malicious code.
CVE-2025-10439 (published 2025-09-17 12:15:38.393000+00:00)
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in Yordam Informatics Yordam Library Automation System allows SQL Injection.This issue affects Yordam Library Automation System: from 21.5 & 21.6 before 21.7.
CVE-2025-8999 (published 2025-09-17 12:15:38.760000+00:00)
The Sydney theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the 'activate_modules' function in all versions up to, and including, 2.56. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to activate or deactivate various theme modules.
CVE-2025-0879 (published 2025-09-17 13:15:32.537000+00:00)
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Shopside Software Shopside App allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This issue requires high privileges.This issue affects Shopside App: before 17.02.2025.
CVE-2025-10592 (published 2025-09-17 13:15:33.560000+00:00)
A security vulnerability has been detected in itsourcecode Online Public Access Catalog OPAC 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file mysearch.php of the component POST Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument search_field/search_text leads to sql injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
CVE-2025-8077 (published 2025-09-17 13:15:34.460000+00:00)
A vulnerability exists in NeuVector versions up to and including 5.4.5, where a fixed string is used as the default password for the built-in `admin` account. If this password is not changed immediately after deployment, any workload with network access within the cluster could use the default credentials to obtain an authentication token. This token can then be used to perform any operation via NeuVector APIs.
CVE-2025-10593 (published 2025-09-17 14:15:36.757000+00:00)
A vulnerability was detected in SourceCodester Online Student File Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_student.php. Performing manipulation of the argument stud_id results in sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.
CVE-2025-10594 (published 2025-09-17 14:15:36.980000+00:00)
A flaw has been found in SourceCodester Online Student File Management System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin/delete_student.php. Executing manipulation of the argument stud_id can lead to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.
CVE-2025-55904 (published 2025-09-17 14:15:40.050000+00:00)
Open5GS v2.7.5, prior to commit 67ba7f92bbd7a378954895d96d9d7b05d5b64615, is vulnerable to a NULL pointer dereference when a multipart/related HTTP POST request with an empty HTTP body is sent to the SBI of either AMF, AUSF, BSF, NRF, NSSF, PCF, SMF, UDM, or UDR, resulting in a denial of service. This occurs in the parse_multipart function in lib/sbi/message.c.